Q000000981
diagnostic imaging
2016
06
29
2016
06
08
2017
01
01
subheading only; coordinate with specific imaging technique if pertinent
2017(1967)
Y04.010
M000614856
diagnostic imaging
Used for the visualization of an anatomical structure or for the diagnosis of disease. Commonly used imaging techniques include radiography, radionuclide imaging, thermography, tomography, and ultrasonography
M000614856
M0030904
M000614856
M0030903
M000614856
M0030734
M000614856
M0030733
T000895609
diagnostic imaging
2016
02
19
DG
DIAG IMAGE
M0030904
ultrasound
M000614856
M0030904
T061379
ultrasound
M0030903
ultrasonography
Used with organs and regions for ultrasonic imaging and with diseases for ultrasonic diagnosis. Does not include ultrasonic therapy.
M000614856
M0030903
T061375
ultrasonography
T061377
ultrasonic diagnosis
T061378
echotomography
T061376
echography
M0030734
radionuclide imaging
Used for radionuclide imaging of any anatomical structure, or for the diagnosis of disease.
M000614856
M0030734
T061163
radionuclide imaging
T061164
radioisotope scanning
M0030733
radiography
Used with organs, regions, and diseases for x-ray examinations.
M000614856
M0030733
T061158
radiography
T061162
X-ray image
T061161
X-ray diagnosis
T061159
roentgenography
T061160
X-ray
Q000002
abnormalities
1973
12
27
2015
07
01
1966
01
01
subhead only; congenital & structural only: does not include abnormal function ( = /physiopathology or disease heading); includes "deformity", "malformation", "anomalous", includes agenesis, aplasia, atresia, ectopy, hypoplasia, etc.; includes more or less than the normal number of organs (as one ureter, six fingers); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.1; DF: /abnorm or /AB
66; used with Category A 1966-74; A1-9 & A13-15 1975-88; A1-9, A13-15 & B2 1989; A1-10, A13-14, A16 & B2 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/AB or AB (SH) or SUBS APPLY AB
Y02.030.010
M0030203
abnormalities
Used with organs for congenital defects producing changes in the morphology of the organ. It is used also for abnormalities in animals.
M0030203
M0030209
M0030203
M0030210
M0030203
M0030208
M0030203
M0030207
M0030203
M0030206
M0030203
M0030211
M0030203
M0030204
M0030203
M0030205
T060543
abnormalities
AB
ABNORM
T060544
anomalies
M0030209
aplasia
M0030203
M0030209
T060552
aplasia
M0030210
atresia
M0030203
M0030210
T060553
atresia
M0030208
malformations
M0030203
M0030208
T060551
malformations
M0030207
defects
M0030203
M0030207
T060550
defects
M0030206
deformities
M0030203
M0030206
T060549
deformities
M0030211
hypoplasia
M0030203
M0030211
T060554
hypoplasia
M0030204
agenesis
M0030203
M0030204
T060546
agenesis
M0030205
congenital defects
M0030203
M0030205
T060548
congenital defects
T060547
birth defects
Q000008
administration & dosage
1973
12
27
2017
04
11
1966
01
01
subheading only; for routes of administration, timing, amounts of doses; not for "dosage" in Romance languages ( = /analysis)
66; used with Category D 1966-90 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/AD or AD (SH) or SUBS APPLY AD
Y07.010
Y10.010
M0030212
administration & dosage
Used with drugs for dosage forms, routes of administration, frequency and duration of administration, quantity of medication, and the effects of these factors.
T060555
administration & dosage
AD
ADMINISTRATION A
ADMIN
T000912278
administration and dosage
2016
11
29
Q000009
adverse effects
1973
12
27
2017
07
05
1966
01
01
subheading only; see also /poisoning & /toxicity
66; used with Category D, E & H 1966-69; D, E, H & J 1970-74; D, E, F4, H & J 1975-81; D, E, F4, G3, H & J 1982-87; D, E, F4, H, J, & SMOKING 1988; D, E, F4, H, J, & 1982-87; D, E, F4, H, J & SMOKING 1988; D, E, F4, H, J & SMOKING+ 1989; D, E & J 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/AE or AE (SH) or SUBS APPLY AE
Y07.020
Y10.020
M0030213
adverse effects
Used with drugs, chemicals, or biological agents in accepted dosage - or with physical agents or manufactured products in normal usage - when intended for diagnostic, therapeutic, prophylactic, or anesthetic purposes. It is used also for adverse effects or complications of diagnostic, therapeutic, prophylactic, anesthetic, surgical, or other procedures.
T060556
adverse effects
AE
ADV EFF
T060558
side effects
Q000031
analogs & derivatives
1974
10
23
2017
04
11
1975
01
01
subheading only
75; used with Category D1-7 & D9-26 1975-89; D2-7, D9, D11 & D14-23 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/AA or AA (SH) or SUBS APPLY AA
Y03.020
M0030233
analogs & derivatives
Used with drugs and chemicals for substances that share the same parent molecule or have similar electronic structure but differ by the addition or substitution of other atoms or molecules. It is used when the specific chemical heading is not available and no appropriate group heading exists.
M0030233
M0030235
T060581
analogs & derivatives
AA
ANALOGS
T000912274
analogs and derivatives
2016
11
29
M0030235
derivatives
M0030233
M0030235
T060583
derivatives
Q000032
analysis
1973
12
27
2003
07
24
1967
01
01
subhead only; includes "assay", "determination", "chemical analysis"; for qualitative or quantitative analysis of substances; chemical composition of organs, organisms & plants, as "chemical composition of the liver" = LIVER /chemistry; for analysis of chemical substances in the blood use /blood; in the cerebrospinal fluid, use /cerebrospinal fluid; in the urine, use /urine; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.6; DF: /anal or /AN
67; used with Category A, B & D 1967; A, B, D, G & J 1968-74; A, B1, B3-6, C4, D, G3 & J 1975-86; A, B1, B3-6, C4, D, G3, J, ASCITIC FLUID & CALCULI+ 1987; A, B1, B3-6, C4, D, G3, J, ASCITIC FLUID, BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUID & CALCULI+ 1988-89; A2-16; B1, B3-6, C4, D & J 1990-91; D 1992 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/AN or AN (SH) or SUBS APPLY AN
Y01
M0030237
analysis
Used for the identification or quantitative determination of a substance or its constituents and metabolites; includes the analysis of air, water, or other environmental carrier. It excludes the chemical analysis of tissues, tumors, body fluids, organisms, and plants for which "chemistry" is used. The concept applies to both methodology and results. For analysis of substances in blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine the specific subheading designating the fluid is used.
M0030237
M0030239
M0030237
M0030240
M0030237
M0030238
T060585
analysis
AN
ANAL
M0030239
chemical analysis
M0030237
M0030239
T060587
chemical analysis
M0030240
determination
M0030237
M0030240
T060588
determination
M0030238
assay
M0030237
M0030238
T060586
assay
Q000033
anatomy & histology
1973
12
27
2017
04
11
1966
01
01
subheading only; normal structure only; for disordered structural change use /pathology; see also /cytology & /ultrastructure; see also /blood supply & /innervation; see also /abnormalities
66; used with Category A & B 1966-74; A, B1-2 & B5-6 1975-89; A1-10, A13-14, A16, B1-2 & B6 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/AH or AH (SH) or SUBS APPLY AH
Y02
M0030241
anatomy & histology
Used with organs, regions, and tissues for normal descriptive anatomy and histology, and for the normal anatomy and structure of animals and plants.
M0030241
M0030242
M0030241
M0030244
M0030241
M0030243
T060589
anatomy & histology
AH
ANATOMY A
ANAT
T000912273
anatomy and histology
2016
11
29
M0030242
histology
M0030241
M0030242
T060590
histology
M0030244
morphology
M0030241
M0030244
T060592
morphology
M0030243
anatomy
M0030241
M0030243
T060591
anatomy
Q000037
antagonists & inhibitors
1973
12
27
2017
04
11
1968
01
01
subheading only; for exogenous & endogenous substances; do not confuse with /agonists
68; used with Category D 1968-89; D1-24 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/AI or AI (SH) or SUBS APPLY AI
Y03.030
Y07.040
M0030247
antagonists & inhibitors
Used with chemicals, drugs, and endogenous substances to indicate substances or agents which counteract their biological effects by any mechanism.
M0030247
M0030249
M0030247
M0030248
T060595
antagonists & inhibitors
AI
ANTAG
T000912284
antagonists and inhibitors
2016
11
29
M0030249
inhibitors
M0030247
M0030249
T060597
inhibitors
M0030248
antagonists
M0030247
M0030248
T060596
antagonists
Q000096
biosynthesis
1973
12
27
2003
07
22
1966
01
01
subhead only; includes "formation" & "production" of substances by living tissue or organisms; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.9; DF /biosyn or /BI
66; used with Category D 1966-89; D8-9, D12-13 & D24 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/BI or BI (SH) or SUBS APPLY BI
Y08.040.010
M0030287
biosynthesis
Used for the anabolic formation of chemical substances in organisms, in living cells, or by subcellular fractions.
T060639
biosynthesis
BI
BIOSYN
T060641
bioformation
T060640
anabolism
Q000097
blood
1973
12
27
2003
07
22
1967
01
01
subhead only; for "in blood" or "blood in" animals or diseases; includes the presence of cells, coagulating elements, endogenous & exogenous chemical substances; not for "serology" ( = /immunology), nor for "serodiagnosis" ( = /diagnosis), nor for the presence of microbes or parasites in the blood in disease ( = /microbiology or /parasitology); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.10; DF: /blood or /BL
67; used with Category C, D & F 1967-74; B2, C, D, F3 1975-86; B2, C, D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+ & PUERPERIUM+ 1987; B2, C, D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+, PUERPERIUM+ & SMOKING 1988; B2, C, D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+, PUERPERIUM+ & SMOKING+ 1989; B2, C, D1-24 & F3 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/BL or BL (SH) or SUBS APPLY BL
Y01.010
Y08.040.020
M0030288
blood
Used for the presence or analysis of substances in the blood; also for examination of, or changes in, the blood in disease states. It excludes serodiagnosis, for which the subheading "diagnosis" is used, and serology, for which "immunology" is used.
T060642
blood
BL
BLOOD
Q000098
blood supply
1973
12
27
2003
07
24
1966
01
01
subhead only; includes arteries, veins, capillaries & microvasculature; covers vascular anatomy, circulation & pressure; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.11; DF: /blood supply or /BS
66; used with Category A 1966-74; A1-6, A8-10 & A13-16 1975; A1-6, A8-10, A13-16 & C4 1976-89; A1-6, A8-10, A13-14 & C4 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/BS or BS (SH) or SUBS APPLY BS
Y02.010
M0030289
blood supply
Used for arterial, capillary, and venous systems of an organ or region whenever the specific heading for the vessel does not exist. It includes blood flow through the organ.
M0030289
M0030290
T060643
blood supply
BS
BLOOD SUPPLY
T060644
vasculature
M0030290
microvasculature
M0030289
M0030290
T060645
microvasculature
Q000134
cerebrospinal fluid
1973
12
27
2003
07
22
1967
01
01
subhead only; for "in cerebrospinal fluid" or "cerebrospinal fluid in" animals or diseases; includes the presence of cells & endogenous & exogenous chemical substances; not for the presence of microbes or parasites in the cerebrospinal fluid in disease ( = /microbiology or /parasitology); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.12; DF: /csf or /CF
67; used with Category C, D & F 1967-74; B2, C, D & F3 1975-86; B2, C, D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+ & PUERPERIUM+ 1987; B2, C, D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+, PUERPERIUM+ & SMOKING 1989; B2, C, D1-24 & F3 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/CF or CF (SH) or SUBS APPLY CF
Y01.020
Y08.040.030
M0030318
cerebrospinal fluid
Used for the presence or analysis of substances in the cerebrospinal fluid; also for examination of or changes in cerebrospinal fluid in disease states.
T060681
cerebrospinal fluid
CF
CSF
Q000138
chemical synthesis
1973
12
27
2003
07
22
1968
01
01
subhead only; for chemical preparation or production of substances in vitro only, in laboratories or industry; not for formation of substances in living tissue ( = /biosynthesis); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.13; DF: /chem syn or /CS
68; used with Category D 1968 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/CS or CS (SH) or SUBS APPLY CS
Y03.040
M0030321
chemical synthesis
Used for the chemical preparation of molecules in vitro. For the formation of chemical substances in organisms, living cells, or subcellular fractions, "biosynthesis" is used.
T060684
chemical synthesis
CS
CHEM SYN
Q000139
chemically induced
1973
12
27
2003
07
22
1967
01
01
subhead only; for biol phenomena or diseases induced by endogenous or exogenous substances; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.14; DF: /chem ind or /CI
1967; used with Category C & F 1967-1974; C & F3 1975-2000; C, F, & G 2001 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/CI or CI (SH) or SUBS APPLY CI
Y05.010
M0030322
chemically induced
Used for biological phenomena, diseases, syndromes, congenital abnormalities, or symptoms caused by endogenous or exogenous substances.
T060685
chemically induced
CI
CHEM IND
Q000145
classification
1973
12
27
2003
07
24
1966
01
01
subhead only; includes "taxonomy", "systematics", "hierarchies"; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.16; DF: /class or /CL
66; used with Category B 1966; B-I 1967; B-I & N 1968-74; B-N 1975-79; A11 & B-N 1980-89; B-E, F2-4, G1-2, G12, I, J, M & N2-4 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/CL or CL (SH) or SUBS APPLY CL
Y19
M0030329
classification
Used for taxonomic or other systematic or hierarchical classification systems.
M0030329
M0030330
M0030329
M0030331
T060692
classification
CL
CLASS
T060693
taxonomy
M0030330
systematics
M0030329
M0030330
T060694
systematics
M0030331
hierarchies
M0030329
M0030331
T060695
hierarchies
T060696
hierarchy
Q000150
complications
1973
12
27
2019
06
17
1966
01
01
subhead only; includes "sequelae"; also for "co-existent" or "associated" diseases; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.17; DF: /compl or /CO
66; used with Category C & F 1966-74; C & F3 1975 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/CO or CO (SH) or SUBS APPLY CO
Y05.020
M0030334
complications
Used with diseases to indicate conditions that co-exist or follow, i.e., co-existing diseases, complications, or sequelae.
M0030334
M0030336
M0030334
M0030341
M0030334
M0030338
M0030334
M0030340
M0030334
M0030335
M0030334
M0030337
T060699
complications
CO
COMPL
M0030336
associated disease
M0030334
M0030336
T060701
associated disease
M0030341
sequelae
M0030334
M0030341
T060706
sequelae
T060707
sequels
M0030338
coexistent disease
M0030334
M0030338
T060703
coexistent disease
M0030340
concomitant disease
M0030334
M0030340
T060705
concomitant disease
M0030335
associated conditions
M0030334
M0030335
T060700
associated conditions
M0030337
coexistent conditions
M0030334
M0030337
T060702
coexistent conditions
T060704
concomitant conditions
Q000151
congenital
1973
12
27
2003
07
22
1966
01
01
subhead only; diseases existing at or before birth; not for structural abnormalities ( = /abnormalities) nor for birth injuries ( = /injuries); indexing policy: Manual 19.8.18; DF: /congen or /CN
66
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/CN or CN (SH) or SUBS APPLY CN
Y05.030
M0030343
congenital
Used with disease headings to indicate those conditions existing at, and usually before, birth. It excludes morphologic abnormalities and birth injuries, for which "abnormalities" and "injuries" are used.
T060708
congenital
CN
CONGEN
T060709
connatal
Q000166
cytology
1973
12
27
2004
07
09
1967
01
01
subhead only; normal structure only; for non-normal, use /pathology; includes cellular & intracellular structure, morphology, multiplication, cell cycle, differentiation, etc.; see also /ultrastructure; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.20; DF: /cytol or /CY
67; used with Category A & B 1966-85; A, B1, B3 & B5-6 1986; A, B1, B3, B5-6 & ASCITIC FLUID 1987; A, B1, B3, B5-6, ASCITIC FLUID & BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUID 1988-89; A2-10, A12-16, B1, B3 & B5-6 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/CY or CY (SH) or SUBS APPLY CY
Y02.020
M0030350
cytology
Used for cellular appearance of unicellular and multicellular organisms.
M0030350
M0030351
M0030350
M0030352
T060717
cytology
CY
CYTOL
T060718
cellular aspects
M0030351
cellular morphology
M0030350
M0030351
T060720
cellular morphology
T060719
cell morphology
M0030352
cell structure
M0030350
M0030352
T060721
cell structure
T060722
cellular structure
Q000172
deficiency
1974
10
23
2003
07
22
1975
01
01
subhead only; for deficient or inadequate intake or biosynthesis; also for deficient secretion of endogenous substances; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.21; /DF: /defic or /DF
75; used with Category D 1975-89; D8, D12-13 & D24 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/DF or DF (SH) or SUBS APPLY DF
Y08.040.040
M0030357
deficiency
Used with endogenous and exogenous substances which are absent or in diminished amount relative to the normal requirement of an organism or a biologic system.
T060727
deficiency
DF
DEFIC
Q000175
diagnosis
1973
12
27
2017
04
11
1966
01
01
subheading only; includes "examination", "symptoms"
66; used with Category C & F 1966-74; C & F3 1975 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/DI or DI (SH) or SUBS APPLY DI
Y04
M0030360
diagnosis
Used with diseases for all aspects of diagnosis, including examination, differential diagnosis and prognosis. Excludes diagnosis using imaging techniques (e.g. radiography, scintigraphy, and ultrasonography) for which "diagnostic imaging" is used.
M0030360
M0030365
M0030360
M0030363
M0030360
M0030364
M0030360
M0030362
T060730
diagnosis
DI
DIAG
M0030365
symptoms
M0030360
M0030365
T060735
symptoms
M0030363
signs
M0030360
M0030363
T060733
signs
M0030364
findings
M0030360
M0030364
T060734
findings
M0030362
screening
M0030360
M0030362
T060732
screening
Q000178
diet therapy
1974
10
23
2015
12
15
1975
01
01
subhead only; for dietary & nutritional management of a disease by a physician; not for self diets; not for vitamin or mineral supplements prescribed by a physician ( = /drug therapy); indexing policy: Manual 19.8.24; DF: /diet ther or /DH
75; used with Category C & F3 1975 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/DH or DH (SH) or SUBS APPLY DH
Y11.010
M0030367
diet therapy
Used with disease headings for dietary and nutritional management of the disease. The concept does not include vitamin or mineral supplements, for which "drug therapy" may be used.
T060737
diet therapy
DH
DIET THER
T060739
nutritional management
T060738
dietary management
Q000187
drug effects
1973
12
27
2003
07
22
1966
01
01
subhead only; for effect of exogenously administered drugs & chemicals; includes their mechanism of action; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.25; DF: /drug eff or /DE
66; used with Category A, B & G 1966; A, B, F & G 1967-74; A, B, F1-2 & G4-11 1975-81; A, B1, B3-6, F1-2 & G4-11 1982; A, B1, B3-6, F1-2 & G4-12 1983-86; A, B1, B3-6, F1-2, G4-12, BLOOD PROTEINS+, DNA+ & RNA+ 1987-88; A, B1, B3-6, F1-2, G4-12, BLOOD PROTEINS+ & NUCLEIC ACIDS+ 1989; A2-16, B1, B3-6, D12 & G4-12 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/DE or DE (SH) or SUBS APPLY DE
Y21
M0030371
drug effects
Used with organs, regions, tissues, or organisms and physiological and psychological processes for the effects of drugs and chemicals.
T060743
drug effects
DE
DRUG EFF
T060745
pharmacologic effects
T060744
effect of drugs
Q000188
drug therapy
1999
11
03
2003
07
22
1966
01
01
subhead only; includes treatment or prevention by drugs & chemicals; includes therapy with antibiotics; not for immunotherapy nor for tissue therapy ( = /therapy); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.26; DF: /drug ther or /DT
66; used with Category C & F 1966-74; C & F3 1975-87; C, F3 & SMOKING 1988; C, F3 & SMOKING+ 1989; C & F3 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/DT or DT (SH) or SUBS APPLY DT
Y11.020
M0030372
drug therapy
Used with disease headings for the treatment of disease by the administration of drugs, chemicals, and antibiotics. For diet therapy and radiotherapy, use specific subheadings. Excludes immunotherapy for which "therapy" is used.
T060746
drug therapy
DT
DRUG THER
T060749
pharmacologic therapy
T060748
pharmacotherapy
T060747
chemotherapy
Q000191
economics
1977
05
16
2003
07
24
1978
01
01
subhead only; includes "finances", "financing", "funding", "costs", "fees", "salaries", "financial management", etc.; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.27; DF: /econ or /EC CATALOG: may be subdivided geographically
78; used with Category C, E, F3 & N2-4 1978-79; C, E, F3-4, G1-3, I2, J, L & N2-4 1980-87; C, E, F3-4, G1-3, I2, J, L, N2-4 & SMOKING 1988; C, E, F3-4, G1-3, I2, J, L, N2-4 & SMOKING+ 1989; C, E, F3-4, G1-2, I2-3, J & N2-4 1990-91; C, D, E, F3-4, G1-2 I2-3, J & N2-4 1992 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/EC or EC (SH) or SUBS APPLY EC
Y06.010
M0030375
economics
Used for the economic aspects of any subject, as well as for all aspects of financial management. It includes the raising or providing of funds.
M0030375
M0030377
M0030375
M0030379
M0030375
M0030378
M0030375
M0030380
M0030375
M0030382
M0030375
M0030376
M0030375
M0030381
T060752
economics
EC
ECON
M0030377
fees
M0030375
M0030377
T060754
fees
M0030379
salaries
M0030375
M0030379
T060756
salaries
M0030378
financial management
M0030375
M0030378
T060755
financial management
M0030380
financing
M0030375
M0030380
T060757
financing
M0030382
funding
M0030375
M0030382
T060759
funding
M0030376
cost
M0030375
M0030376
T060753
cost
M0030381
finances
M0030375
M0030381
T060758
finances
Q000193
education
1973
12
27
2003
07
24
1967
01
01
subhead only; includes "training", "teaching", "curriculum"; for the teacher teaching, the student learning & the courses taught; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.28; DF: /educ or /ED CATALOG: may be subdivided geographically
67; used with Category F-I 1967; F-I & N 1968-71; F-I, M & N 1972-74; E, F, G1-3, H-M & N1-2 1975-89; F4, G1-2, I3 & M 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/ED or ED (SH) or SUBS APPLY ED
Y23
M0030384
education
Used for education, training programs, and courses in various fields and disciplines, and for training groups of persons.
M0030384
M0030386
M0030384
M0030387
M0030384
M0030385
T060761
education
ED
EDUC
M0030386
teaching
M0030384
M0030386
T060763
teaching
M0030387
training
M0030384
M0030387
T060764
training
M0030385
curriculum
M0030384
M0030385
T060762
curriculum
Q000196
embryology
1973
12
27
2003
07
24
1966
01
01
subhead only; includes "embryonic", "embryonal", "embryological aspects"; for embryonic & fetal development; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.29; DF: /embryol or /EM
66; used with Category A 1966; A & B 1967-69; A, B & C 1970-74; A1-10, A13-15, B1-2, B6 & C 1975-89; A1-10, A13-14, B1-2, B6 & C 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/EM or EM (SH) or SUBS APPLY EM
Y02.030
Y05.040
M0030391
embryology
Used with organs, regions, and animal headings for embryologic and fetal development. It is used also with diseases for embryologic factors contributing to postnatal disorders.
M0030391
M0030395
M0030391
M0030392
M0030391
M0030393
M0030391
M0030394
T060768
embryology
EM
EMBRYOL
M0030395
prenatal development
M0030391
M0030395
T060772
prenatal development
M0030392
fetal development
M0030391
M0030392
T060769
fetal development
M0030393
embryonic aspects
M0030391
M0030393
T060770
embryonic aspects
M0030394
embryonic development
M0030391
M0030394
T060771
embryonic development
Q000201
enzymology
1973
12
27
2007
07
10
1966
01
01
subhead only; for enzymatic metabolism, kinetics, analysis & inhibition; not for CLINICAL ENZYME TESTS ( = /diagnosis); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.30; DF: /enzymol or /EN
66; used with Category A & B 1966-67; A-C & F 1968-74; A, B1, B3-6, C & F3 1975-89; A2-16, B1, B3-6, C & F3 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/EN or EN (SH) or SUBS APPLY EN
Y08.040.050
M0030398
enzymology
Used with organisms, except vertebrates, and with organs and tissues. It is also used with diseases for enzymes during the course of the disease, but excludes diagnostic enzyme tests, for which "diagnosis" is used.
M0030398
M0030399
T060775
enzymology
EN
ENZYMOL
T060776
enzymes
M0030399
enzyme activity
M0030398
M0030399
T060777
enzyme activity
Q000208
ethnology
1974
10
23
2015
07
01
1975
01
01
subhead only; with disease & selected terms for "the place of origin of a group of people"; with geog terms for the place of origin; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.32; DF: /ethnol or /EH CATALOG: may be subdivided geographically
75; used with Category Z 1975-86; C, F3 Z, AGING, ALCOHOL DRINKING, CLIMACTERIC+, FOOD HABITS & PUBERTY+ 1987; C, F3, Z, AGING, ALCOHOL DRINKING, CLIMACTERIC+, FOOD HABITS, PUBERTY+ & SMOKING 1988; C, F3, Z, AGING, ALCOHOL DRINKING, CLIMACTERIC+, FAMILY+, FOOD HABITS, HOMOSEXUALITY, PUBERTY+ & SMOKING+ 1989; C1-21, C23, F3 & Z 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/EH or EH (SH) or SUBS APPLY EH; restricted to Category Z 1975-86
Y09.010.010
M0030405
ethnology
Used with diseases for ethnic, cultural, or anthropological aspects, and with geographic headings to indicate the place of origin of a group of people.
M0030405
M0030408
M0030405
M0030407
T060783
ethnology
EH
ETHNOL
M0030408
ethnicity
M0030405
M0030408
T060786
ethnicity
M0030407
culture
M0030405
M0030407
T060785
culture
Q000209
etiology
1973
12
27
2003
07
24
1966
01
01
subhead only; includes "pathogenesis" & "causes"; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.33; DF: /etiol or /ET
66; used with Category C & F 1966-74; C & F3 1975 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/ET or ET (SH) or SUBS APPLY ET
Y05
M0030410
etiology
Used with diseases for causative agents including microorganisms and includes environmental and social factors and personal habits as contributing factors. It includes pathogenesis.
M0030410
M0030411
T060788
etiology
ET
ETIOL
T060790
causality
T060789
causes
M0030411
pathogenesis
M0030410
M0030411
T060791
pathogenesis
Q000235
genetics
1977
05
16
2003
07
24
1978
01
01
subhead only; includes "heredity"; with organisms for genetic discussions; with diseases for the genetic basis & means of inheritance; with endogenous chemicals only for their genetic aspects; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.34; DF: /genet or /GE
78; /familial & genetic was subheading 1966-88; used with Category B, D6, D8-13 & D24 1978-86; B, D6, D8-13, D24, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, DRUG RESISTANCE+, PIGMENTATION+ & PUBERTY+ 1987-88; B, C, D6, D8-13, D24, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, DRUG RESISTANCE+, ETHNIC GROUPS+, PIGMENTATION+, PUBERTY+ & RACIAL STOCKS+ 1989; B, C, D8-9, D11-13, D24, F3 & G4-12 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/GE or GE (SH) or SUBS APPLY GE; use /genetics to search /familial & genetic back thru 1966
Y05.050
Y08.010
M0030426
genetics
Used for mechanisms of heredity and the genetics of organisms, for the genetic basis of normal and pathologic states, and for the genetic aspects of endogenous chemicals. It includes biochemical and molecular influence on genetic material.
M0030426
M0030427
T060806
genetics
GE
GENET
M0030427
heredity
M0030426
M0030427
T060807
heredity
Q000254
growth & development
1973
12
27
2019
07
09
1966
01
01
subheading only; for micro-organisms & plants; with animals, for postnatal development only: for prenatal development, see /embryology
66; used with Category A & B 1966-74; A1-9, A13-15 & B 1975-86; A1-9, A13-15, B & INFANT, NEWBORN+ 1987-89; A1-l0, A13-14 & B 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/GD or GD (SH) or SUBS APPLY GD
Y08.020
M0030446
growth & development
Used with microorganisms, plants, and the postnatal period of animals for growth and development. It includes also the postnatal growth or development of organs or anatomical parts. For prenatal period of animals for growth and development use /embryology.
M0030446
M0030450
M0030446
M0030449
M0030446
M0030448
M0030446
M0030447
T060828
growth & development
GD
GROWTH A
GROWTH
T000912280
growth and development
2016
11
29
M0030450
postnatal growth
M0030446
M0030450
T060832
postnatal growth
M0030449
postnatal development
M0030446
M0030449
T060831
postnatal development
M0030448
development
M0030446
M0030448
T060830
development
M0030447
growth
M0030446
M0030447
T060829
growth
Q000266
history
1973
12
27
2004
07
09
1966
01
01
subhead only; for historical articles or historical notes in articles; not for "case histories" ( = check tag CASE REPORTS [Publication Type]); indexing policy: Manual 19.8.36; DF: /hist or /HI CATALOG: may be subdivided geographically
66; used with Category C-M 1966-67; C-N 1968-74; C-F, G1-3 & H-N 1975-1989; C-E, F3-4, G1-2, I2-3, J, M & N2-3 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/HI or HI (SH) or SUBS APPLY HI
Y27
M0030460
history
Used for the historical aspects of any subject. It includes brief historical notes but excludes case histories.
M0030460
M0030461
T060845
history
HI
HIST
T060846
historical aspects
M0030461
historical notes
M0030460
M0030461
T060847
historical notes
Q000276
immunology
1973
12
27
2015
07
01
1966
01
01
subhead only; for "immunological aspects"; for substances as antigens or haptens; for antibodies to substances, organs or organisms; not for immunotherapy ( = /therapy), nor for immunologic prevention, as with vaccines ( = /prevention & control), nor for serodiagnosis ( = /diagnosis); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.37; DF: /immunol or /IM
66; used with Category B & C 1966-67; A, B & C 1968-69; A, B, C & F 1970-74; A, B, C & F3 1975-86; A, B, C, D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+ & PUERPERIUM+ 1987; A, B, C, D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+, PUERPERIUM+ & SMOKING 1988; A, B, C, D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+, PUERPERIUM+ & SMOKING+ 1989; A2-16, B, C, D1-24, F3 & G4-12 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/IM or IM (SH) or SUBS APPLY IM
Y05.060
Y08.030
M0030471
immunology
Used for immunologic studies of tissues, organs, microorganisms, fungi, viruses, and animals. It includes immunologic aspects of diseases but not immunologic procedures used for diagnostic, preventive, or therapeutic purposes, for which "diagnosis", "prevention & control", or "therapy" are used. The concept is also used for chemicals as antigens or haptens.
T060858
immunology
IM
IMMUNOL
Q000293
injuries
1973
12
27
2003
07
24
1966
01
01
subhead only; by physical trauma only; includes "wounds", "trauma"; for "lesion" in Romance languages; not for cell damage ( = /pathology); indexing policy: Manual 19.8.38; DF: /inj or /IN
66; used with Category C 1966; Category A 1967-74; A1-9 & A13-15 1975-88; A1-9, A13-15 & B2 1989; A1-10, A13-14, B2 & I3 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/IN or IN (SH) or SUBS APPLY IN
Y29
M0030486
injuries
Used with anatomic headings, animals, and sports for wounds and injuries. Excludes cell damage, for which "pathology" is used.
M0030486
M0030487
T060876
injuries
IN
INJ
T060877
trauma
M0030487
wounds
M0030486
M0030487
T060878
wounds
Q000294
innervation
1973
12
27
2003
07
22
1966
01
01
subhead only; includes "nerve supply"; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.39; DF: /innerv or /IR
66; used with Category A 1966-74; A1-9 & A13-16 1975; A1-7, A9 & A13-16 1976-89; A1-7, A9-10, A13-14 & A16 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/IR or IR (SH) or SUBS APPLY IR
Y02.040
M0030488
innervation
Used with organs, regions, or tissues for their nerve supply.
T060879
innervation
IR
INNERV
T060880
nerve supply
Q000295
instrumentation
1973
12
27
2003
07
24
1966
01
01
subhead only; includes "apparatus", "appliances", "instruments","equipment", "supplies", "devices"; not for techniques ( = /methods); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.40; DF: /instrum or /IS
66; used with Category E-H 1966-67; E-H & J 1968-74; E, F2, F4, G1-3, H, J & L 1975-81; E1-6, F2, F4, G1-3, H, J & L 1982-89; E1-6, F4 & G1-2 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/IS or IS (SH) or SUBS APPLY IS
Y31
M0030489
instrumentation
Used with diagnostic or therapeutic procedures, analytic techniques, and specialties or disciplines, for the development or modification of apparatus, instruments, or equipment.
M0030489
M0030494
M0030489
M0030490
M0030489
M0030491
M0030489
M0030492
M0030489
M0030493
T060881
instrumentation
IS
INSTRUM
M0030494
instruments
M0030489
M0030494
T060886
instruments
M0030490
devices
M0030489
M0030490
T060882
devices
M0030491
equipment
M0030489
M0030491
T060883
equipment
M0030492
apparatus
M0030489
M0030492
T060884
apparatus
M0030493
appliances
M0030489
M0030493
T060885
appliances
Q000302
isolation & purification
1973
12
27
2017
04
11
1966
01
01
subhead only; with micro-organisms & helminths includes obtaining pure strains, demonstrating presence & culture techniques but consider also /growth & development; with chemicals & biological substances includes isolation of constituents; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.41; DF: /isol or /IP
66; used with Category B 1966-68; B & D 1969-74; B1, B3-5 & D 1975 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/IP or IP (SH) or SUBS APPLY IP
Y01.030
M0030500
isolation & purification
Used with bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and helminths for the obtaining of pure strains or for the demonstration of the presence of or identification of organisms by DNA analyses, immunologic, or other methods, including culture techniques. It is used also with biological substances and chemicals for the isolation and purification of the constituents.
M0030500
M0030502
M0030500
M0030501
T060892
isolation & purification
IP
ISOLATION A
ISOL
T000912272
isolation and purification
2016
11
29
M0030502
purification
M0030500
M0030502
T060894
purification
M0030501
isolation
M0030500
M0030501
T060893
isolation
Q000331
legislation & jurisprudence
1977
05
16
2017
04
11
1978
01
01
subheading only; includes "legal", "laws", "government regulations", "statutes", "ordinances", "medicolegal", "judicial", "juridical", "suits", "avoidance of suits", "litigation", "court decisions"
78; used with Category I1-2 & N2-4 1978-87; I1-2, L, N2-4 & SMOKING 1988; G2-3, I1-2, L, N2-4 & SMOKING+ 1989; G1-2, I2-3 & N2-4 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/LJ or LJ (SH) or SUBS APPLY LJ
Y06.020
M0030527
legislation & jurisprudence
Used for laws, statutes, ordinances, or government regulations, as well as for legal controversy and court decisions.
M0030527
M0030528
M0030527
M0030529
M0030527
M0030536
M0030527
M0030537
M0030527
M0030541
M0030527
M0030538
M0030527
M0030531
M0030527
M0030533
M0030527
M0030539
M0030527
M0030540
M0030527
M0030534
M0030527
M0030535
M0030527
M0030530
T060922
legislation & jurisprudence
LJ
LEGISLATION AB
LEGIS
T000912276
legislation and jurisprudence
2016
11
29
M0030528
court decisions
M0030527
M0030528
T060923
court decisions
M0030529
government regulations
M0030527
M0030529
T060924
government regulations
M0030536
judicial aspects
M0030527
M0030536
T060932
judicial aspects
M0030537
juridical aspects
M0030527
M0030537
T060933
juridical aspects
M0030541
statutes
M0030527
M0030541
T060937
statutes
M0030538
lawsuits
M0030527
M0030538
T060934
lawsuits
M0030531
legal aspects
M0030527
M0030531
T060927
legal aspects
T060926
jurisprudence
M0030533
litigation
M0030527
M0030533
T060929
litigation
M0030539
medicolegal aspects
M0030527
M0030539
T060935
medicolegal aspects
M0030540
ordinances
M0030527
M0030540
T060936
ordinances
M0030534
regulations
M0030527
M0030534
T060930
regulations
M0030535
civil suits
M0030527
M0030535
T060931
civil suits
M0030530
laws
M0030527
M0030530
T060925
laws
Q000378
metabolism
1973
12
27
2020
07
06
1966
01
01
subheading only: includes "binding", "catabolism", "conversion", "degradation", "pathway", "splitting", "storage", "utilization"; not for "anabolism": use instead /biosynthesis; for "absorption", "release", "transport", "uptake" /pharmacokinetics is also available; for excretion into the blood use /blood, into the cerebrospinal fluid use /cerebrospinal fluid, into the urine use /urine; for biosynthesis or synthesis use /biosynthesis; for metabolic aspects of enzymes use /enzymology with Category A, B, and C terms
66; used with Category A-D & F 1966-74; A-D & F3 1975-86; A-D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+ & PUERPERIUM+ 1987; A-D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+, PUERPERIUM+ & SMOKING 1988; A-D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+, PUERPERIUM+ & SMOKING+ 1989; A2-16, B-D & F3 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use; main heading/ME or ME (SH) or SUBS APPLY ME; included /pharmacokinetics 1966-87
Y08.040
M0030575
metabolism
Used with organs, cells and subcellular fractions, organisms, and diseases for biochemical changes. It is used also with drugs and chemicals for catabolic changes (breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones). For anabolic processes (conversion of small molecules into large), BIOSYNTHESIS is used. For enzymology and pharmacokinetics use the specific subheadings.
M0030575
M0030576
M0030575
M0030759
M0030575
M0030583
M0030575
M0030579
M0030575
M0030578
M0030575
M0030577
T060983
metabolism
ME
METAB
M0030576
biodegradation
M0030575
M0030576
T060984
biodegradation
M0030759
secretion
Used for the discharge across the cell membrane, into the extracellular space or ducts, of endogenous substances resulting from the activity of intact cells of glands, tissues, or organs.
M0030575
M0030759
T061192
secretion
SE
SECRET
M0030583
catabolism
M0030575
M0030583
T060991
catabolism
M0030579
degradation
M0030575
M0030579
T060987
degradation
M0030578
biochemical pathways
M0030575
M0030578
T060986
biochemical pathways
M0030577
biotransformation
M0030575
M0030577
T060985
biotransformation
Q000379
methods
1974
10
23
2003
07
24
1975
01
01
subhead only; includes "technique", "methodology", "procedures"; see also /instrumentation; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.45; DF: /methods or /MT
75; used with Category E, F4, G1-3, H-J, L & N 1975-81; E1-6, F4, G1-3, H-J, L & N 1982-89; E1-6, F4, G1-2 & I2 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/MT or MT (SH) or SUBS APPLY MT
Y33
M0030584
methods
Used with techniques, procedures, and programs for methods.
M0030584
M0030585
T060992
methods
MT
METHODS
T060994
techniques
T060993
procedures
M0030585
methodology
M0030584
M0030585
T060995
methodology
Q000382
microbiology
1973
12
27
2015
07
01
1967
01
01
subhead only; see also /parasitology & /virology; for ability of organisms to cause disease use /pathogenicity; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.46; DF: /microbiol or /MI
67; used with Category A & C 1967-74; A, B1-2, B6, C & F3 1975-86; A, B1-2, B6, C, F3 & INFANT, NEWBORN+; A, B1-2, B6, C & F3 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/MI or MI (SH) or SUBS APPLY MI
Y05.070
M0030588
microbiology
Used with organs, animals, and higher plants and with diseases for microbiologic studies. For parasites, "parasitology" is used; for viruses, "virology" is used.
M0030588
M0030593
M0030588
M0030592
T060998
microbiology
MI
MICROBIOL
M0030593
fungi
M0030588
M0030593
T061003
fungi
M0030592
bacteria
M0030588
M0030592
T061002
bacteria
Q000401
mortality
1973
12
27
2004
07
13
1967
01
01
subhead only; includes "survival"; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.47; DF: /mortal or /MO CATALOG: may be subdivided geographically
67; used with Category C, E & F 1967-74; C, E & F3-4 1975-86; C, E, F3-4 & SMOKING 1988; C, E, F3-4, ACCIDENTS+ & SMOKING+ 1989; C, E4 & F3 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/MO or MO (SH) or SUBS APPLY MO
Y09.010.020
M0030609
mortality
Used with human and veterinary diseases for mortality statistics. For deaths resulting from various procedures statistically but for a death resulting in a specific case, use FATAL OUTCOME, not /mortality.
M0030609
M0030612
M0030609
M0030611
T061020
mortality
MO
MORTAL
M0030612
survival
M0030609
M0030612
T061023
survival
M0030611
death rate
M0030609
M0030611
T061022
death rate
Q000451
nursing
1973
12
27
2003
07
24
1966
01
01
subhead only; includes "nursing care" by professional nurse or physician-prescribed home programs; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.48; DF: /nurs or /NU
66; used with Category C & F 1966-69; C, E & F 1970-74; C, E & F3 1975 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/NU or NU (SH) or SUBS APPLY NU
Y11.030
M0030646
nursing
Used with diseases for nursing care and techniques in their management. It includes the nursing role in diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive procedures.
M0030646
M0030647
T061061
nursing
NU
NURS
T061062
nursing care
M0030647
home care
M0030646
M0030647
T061063
home care
Q000453
epidemiology
1973
12
27
2004
07
13
1966
01
01
subhead only; with diseases & geographicals only; includes "incidence", "frequency", "prevalence", "occurrence", "outbreaks"; not for "mortality" ( = /mortality); not for "statistics" on non-disease terms ( = /statist); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.31; DF: /epidemiol or /EP CATALOG: may be subdivided geographically
89; was /occurrence 1966-88; was used with Category C, F3 & SMOKING+ 1989; C, F3 & Z 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/EP or EP (SH) or SUBS APPLY EP; use /epidemiology to search /occurrence 1966-88
Y09.010
M0030648
epidemiology
Used with human and veterinary diseases for the distribution of disease, factors which cause disease, and the attributes of disease in defined populations; includes incidence, frequency, prevalence, endemic and epidemic outbreaks; also surveys and estimates of morbidity in geographic areas and in specified populations. Used also with geographical headings for the location of epidemiologic aspects of a disease. Excludes mortality for which "mortality" is used.
M0030648
M0030649
M0030648
M0030657
M0030648
M0030654
M0030648
M0030651
M0030648
M0030656
M0030648
M0030652
M0030648
M0030653
M0030648
M0030655
M0030648
M0030650
T061064
epidemiology
EP
EPIDEMIOL
M0030649
epidemics
M0030648
M0030649
T061065
epidemics
M0030657
frequency
M0030648
M0030657
T061073
frequency
M0030654
surveillance
M0030648
M0030654
T061070
surveillance
M0030651
morbidity
M0030648
M0030651
T061067
morbidity
M0030656
occurrence
M0030648
M0030656
T061072
occurrence
M0030652
outbreaks
M0030648
M0030652
T061068
outbreaks
M0030653
prevalence
M0030648
M0030653
T061069
prevalence
M0030655
endemics
M0030648
M0030655
T061071
endemics
M0030650
incidence
M0030648
M0030650
T061066
incidence
Q000458
organization & administration
1977
05
16
2017
04
11
1978
01
01
subheading only
78; used with Category N2-4 1978-79; I2, L & N2-4 1980-88; G2, I2, L & N2-4 1989; G1-2, I2, N2-4 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/OG or OG (SH) or SUBS APPLY OG
Y06
M0030662
organization & administration
Used for administrative structure and management.
M0030662
M0030666
M0030662
M0030665
M0030662
M0030663
M0030662
M0030667
M0030662
M0030664
T061078
organization & administration
OG
ORGANIZATION ANDD
ORGAN
T000912275
organization and administration
2016
11
29
M0030666
organizational management
M0030662
M0030666
T061082
organizational management
M0030665
administrative structure
M0030662
M0030665
T061081
administrative structure
M0030663
organization
M0030662
M0030663
T061079
organization
M0030667
organizational structure
M0030662
M0030667
T061083
organizational structure
M0030664
administrative management
M0030662
M0030664
T061080
administrative management
Q000469
parasitology
1974
10
23
2015
07
01
1975
01
01
subhead only; for protozoa & higher parasites; see also /microbiology & /virology; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.50; DF: /parasitol or /PS
75; used with Category A, B1-2, B6, C & F3 1975-86; A, B1-2, B6, C, F3 & INFANT, NEWBORN+ 1987-89; A, B1-2, B6, C & F3 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/PS or PS (SH) or SUBS APPLY PS
Y05.080
M0030677
parasitology
Used with animals, higher plants, organs, and diseases for parasitic factors. In diseases, it is not used if the parasitic involvement is implicit in the diagnosis.
M0030677
M0030680
M0030677
M0030682
M0030677
M0030679
M0030677
M0030681
T061093
parasitology
PS
PARASITOL
M0030680
protozoology
M0030677
M0030680
T061096
protozoology
M0030682
protozoa
M0030677
M0030682
T061098
protozoa
M0030679
helminthology
M0030677
M0030679
T061095
helminthology
M0030681
parasites
M0030677
M0030681
T061097
parasites
Q000472
pathogenicity
1973
12
27
2003
07
24
1966
01
01
subhead only; for the potential ability of micro-organisms or parasites to cause disease in man, animal, or plant under specified conditions: not for specific infections; includes virulence; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.51; DF: /pathogen or /PY
66; used with Category B 1966-74; B1 & B3-5 1975 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/PY or PY (SH) or SUBS APPLY PY
Y35
M0030684
pathogenicity
Used with microorganisms, viruses, and parasites for studies of their ability to cause disease in man, animals, or plants.
M0030684
M0030685
T061100
pathogenicity
PY
PATHOGEN
T061101
infectivity
M0030685
virulence
M0030684
M0030685
T061102
virulence
Q000473
pathology
1973
12
27
2016
06
15
1966
01
01
subheading only; for description of tissue or cell structure in disease: not for normal tissue ( = / anatomy & histology) nor for normal cells ( = / cytology); not a synonym for "disease"; includes biopsy; for subcellular pathology use / ultrastruct
66; used with Category A, C & F 1966-74; A, C & F3 1975-86; A, C, F3 & AGING 1987; A, C, F3, AGING, BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUID & SMOKING 1988; A, C, F3, AGING & SMOKING+ 1989; A1-11, A13-16, C & F3 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/PA or PA (SH) or SUBS APPLY PA
Y02.050
M0030686
pathology
Used for organ, tissue, or cell structure in disease states.
M0030686
M0030688
M0030686
M0030689
M0030686
M0030687
T061103
pathology
PA
PATHOL
M0030688
cytopathology
M0030686
M0030688
T061105
cytopathology
M0030689
histopathology
M0030686
M0030689
T061106
histopathology
M0030687
biopsy
M0030686
M0030687
T061104
biopsy
Q000493
pharmacokinetics
1987
04
18
2015
07
01
1988
01
01
subhead only; with exogenous chemicals only; includes "dynamics","absorption", "distribution", "uptake"; on the extent & rate of metabolism; not for pharmacologic effects or pharmacologic action ( = /pharmacology); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.53; DF: /pharmacokin or /PK
88; used with Category D 1988 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/PK or PK (SH) or SUBS APPLY PK; use /metabolism or /ME to search /pharmacokinetics 1966-87
Y07.070
Y08.040.060
M0030695
pharmacokinetics
Used for the mechanism, dynamics and kinetics of exogenous chemical and drug absorption, biotransformation, distribution, release, transport, uptake and elimination as a function of dosage, extent and rate of metabolic processes.
M0030695
M0030701
M0030695
M0030698
T061112
pharmacokinetics
PK
PHARMACOKIN
M0030701
toxicokinetics
M0030695
M0030701
T061118
toxicokinetics
M0030698
tissue distribution
M0030695
M0030698
T061115
tissue distribution
Q000494
pharmacology
1973
12
27
2003
07
24
1966
01
01
subhead only; with exogenous chemicals only; includes "effect", "mechanism of action", "mode of action"; not for pharmacokinetics ( = /pharmacokinetics); see also /adverse effects, /poisoning & /toxicity; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.54; DF: /pharmacol or /PD
88; was /pharmacodynamics 1966-87; used with Category D 1966 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/PD or PD (SH) or SUBS APPLY PD; use /pharmacology or /PD to search /pharmacodynamics back thru 1966
Y07
M0030702
pharmacology
Used with drugs and exogenously administered chemical substances for their effects on living tissues and organisms. It includes acceleration and inhibition of physiological and biochemical processes and other pharmacologic mechanisms of action.
M0030702
M0030704
M0030702
M0030703
T061119
pharmacology
PD
PHARMACOL
T061121
mode of action
T061120
mechanism of action
M0030704
pharmacologic action
M0030702
M0030704
T061123
pharmacologic action
M0030703
pharmacodynamics
M0030702
M0030703
T061122
pharmacodynamics
Q000502
physiology
1973
12
27
2003
07
22
1966
01
01
subhead only; normal "function" only: for function in disease use /physiopathology; with endogenous chemicals only, for their physiologic role; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.55; DF: /physiol or /PH
66; used with Category A, B & G 1966; A, B, D & G 1967-69; A, B & D 1970-74; A, B, D & F1-2 1975-86; A, B, D, F1-2, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+ & PUERPERIUM+ 1987-89; A, B, D8, D11-13, D24, F2 & G4-1 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/PH or PH (SH) or SUBS APPLY PH
Y08
M0030706
physiology
Used with organs, tissues, and cells of unicellular and multicellular organisms for normal function. It is used also with biochemical substances, endogenously produced, for their physiologic role.
T061125
physiology
PH
PHYSIOL
T061126
function
Q000503
physiopathology
1973
12
27
2003
07
22
1966
01
01
subhead only; for function of organs in disease states only; not a synonym for "disease"; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.56; DF: /physiopathology or /PP
66; used with Category A, C & F 1966-74; A, C & F3 1975-87; A, C, F3 & SMOKING 1988; A, C, F3 & SMOKING+ 1989; A1-10, A13-16, C & F3 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/PP or PP (SH) or SUBS APPLY PP
Y08.050
M0030707
physiopathology
Used with organs and diseases for disordered function in disease states.
T061127
physiopathology
PP
PHYSIOPATHOL
T061129
pathophysiology
T061128
dysfunction
Q000506
poisoning
1973
12
27
2017
07
05
1966
01
01
subheading only; for clinical & veterinary only; for human & animal experiments use /toxicity; see also /adverse effects & /toxicity
66; used with Category D 1966-67; D & J 1968 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/PO or PO (SH) or SUBS APPLY PO
Y07.020.010
Y10.040
M0030708
poisoning
Used with drugs, chemicals, and industrial materials for human or animal poisoning, acute or chronic, whether the poisoning is accidental, occupational, suicidal, by medication error, or by environmental exposure.
M0030708
M0030709
T061130
poisoning
PO
POIS
M0030709
poisonous effects
M0030708
M0030709
T061131
poisonous effects
Q000517
prevention & control
1973
12
27
2017
04
11
1996
01
01
subheading only; includes "preventive therapy"; includes vaccination; for prevention on epidemiologic or personal level; CATALOGER: may be subdivided geographically
66; used with Category C & F 1966-67; C, F & G 1968-74; C, F1, F3, G3 & I1 1975-89; C & F3 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/PC or PC (SH) or SUBS APPLY PC
Y11.040
M0030715
prevention & control
Used with disease headings for increasing human or animal resistance against disease (e.g., immunization), for control of transmission agents, for prevention and control of environmental hazards, or for prevention and control of social factors leading to disease. It includes preventive measures in individual cases.
M0030715
M0030717
M0030715
M0030716
T061137
prevention & control
PC
PREVENTION A
PREV
T061140
prophylaxis
T061139
preventive therapy
T000912283
prevention and control
2016
11
29
T061138
preventive measures
M0030717
prevention
M0030715
M0030717
T061142
prevention
M0030716
control
M0030715
M0030716
T061141
control
Q000523
psychology
1977
05
16
2003
07
24
1978
01
01
subhead only; includes "psychiatric", "psychosomatic", "psychogenic", "emotional", "affective", "behavioral"; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.59; DF: /psychol or /PX
78; used with Category C, E1-6 & F3 1978-79; C, E1-6, F3 & M 1980-86; C, E1-6, F3, M, AGING, ALCOHOL DRINKING, CLIMACTERIC+, FOOD HABITS, PREGNANCY+, PUBERTY+, PUERPERIUM+ & SMOKING 1988; C, E1-6, F3, M, AGING, ALCOHOL DRINKING, CLIMACTERIC+, FOOD HABITS, HOMOSEXUALITY, PREGNANCY+, PUBERTY+, PUERPERIUM+ & SMOKING+ 1989; B2, C, E1-6, F3, I3 & M 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/PX or PX (SH) or SUBS APPLY PX
Y37
M0030719
psychology
Used with non-psychiatric diseases, techniques, and named groups for psychologic, psychiatric, psychosomatic, psychosocial, behavioral, and emotional aspects, and with psychiatric disease for psychologic aspects; used also with animal terms for animal behavior and psychology.
M0030719
M0030721
M0030719
M0030722
M0030719
M0030727
M0030719
M0030724
M0030719
M0030725
M0030719
M0030726
M0030719
M0030720
M0030719
M0030723
T061144
psychology
PX
PSYCHOL
M0030721
cognitive aspects
M0030719
M0030721
T061146
cognitive aspects
M0030722
emotional aspects
M0030719
M0030722
T061147
emotional aspects
M0030727
psychosomatic aspects
M0030719
M0030727
T061152
psychosomatic aspects
M0030724
psychiatric aspects
M0030719
M0030724
T061149
psychiatric aspects
M0030725
psychogenic aspects
M0030719
M0030725
T061150
psychogenic aspects
M0030726
psychosocial aspects
M0030719
M0030726
T061151
psychosocial aspects
M0030720
affective aspects
M0030719
M0030720
T061145
affective aspects
M0030723
mental aspects
M0030719
M0030723
T061148
mental aspects
Q000528
radiation effects
1973
12
27
2003
07
22
1966
01
01
subhead only; includes ionizing & non-ionizing radiation; not for therapeutic effect of radiations ( = /radiotherapy); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.60; DF: /rad eff or /RE
66; used with Category A, B & G 1966-67; A, B, D & G 1968-74; A, B, D, F1-2, G4-12 & J 1975-84; A, B1, B3-6, D, F1-2, G4-12 & J 1985 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/RE or RE (SH) or SUBS APPLY RE
Y39
M0030732
radiation effects
Used for effects of ionizing and nonionizing radiation upon living organisms, organs and tissues, and their constituents, and upon physiologic processes. It includes the effect of irradiation on drugs and chemicals.
T061157
radiation effects
RE
RAD EFF
Q000532
radiotherapy
1973
12
27
2003
07
24
1966
01
01
subhead only; includes x-ray, radioisotope, other ionizing radiation & non-ionizing radiation; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.63; DF: /radiother or /RT
66; used with Category C & F 1966-74; C 1975 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/RT or RT (SH) or SUBS APPLY RT
Y11.050
M0030735
radiotherapy
Used with disease headings for the therapeutic use of ionizing and nonionizing radiation. It includes the use of radioisotope therapy.
M0030735
M0030736
M0030735
M0030737
T061165
radiotherapy
RT
RADIOTHER
T061166
radiation therapy
M0030736
X-ray therapy
M0030735
M0030736
T061167
X-ray therapy
M0030737
radioisotope therapy
M0030735
M0030737
T061168
radioisotope therapy
Q000534
rehabilitation
1973
12
27
2003
07
22
1967
01
01
subhead only; for restoration of patient to pre-disease or pre-therapy state; for "re-education" in French; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.64; DF: /rehabil or /RH
67; used with Category C & F 1967-74; C & F3 1975-79; C, E4 & F3 1980-89; C1-21, C23, E4 & F3 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/RH or RH (SH) or SUBS APPLY RH
Y11.060
M0030738
rehabilitation
Used with diseases and surgical procedures for restoration of function of the individual.
T061169
rehabilitation
RH
REHABIL
Q000556
secondary
1979
05
24
2003
07
22
1980
01
01
subhead only; for cancer only; use with organ/neopl precoords & with histol types; use with the secondary organ/neopl precoord & secondary histol type, but not for a primary cancer metastasizing to a secondary site ( = /pathology + NEOPLASM METASTASIS); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.65, 24.3.1; DF: /second or /SC
80; used with Category C4 1980 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/SC or SC (SH) or SUBS APPLY SC
Y05.020.010
M0030758
secondary
Used with neoplasms to indicate the secondary location to which the neoplastic process has metastasized.
T061190
secondary
SC
SECOND
T061191
metastatic
Q000592
standards
1973
12
27
2003
07
24
1968
01
01
subhead only; for standards in testing & performance of programs & procedures; with drugs for standards in assay techniques, quality & potency; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.67; DF: /stand or /ST CATALOG: may be subdivided geographically
68; used with Category D, E, H-J, L & N 1968; D-F, H-J, L & N 1969-74; D, E, F4, G1-3, H-J, L & N 1975-89; D, E, F4, G1-2, I2-3, J & N2 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/ST or ST (SH) or SUBS APPLY ST
Y06.040
M0030789
standards
Used with facilities, personnel, and program headings for the development, testing, and application of standards of adequacy or acceptable performance and with chemicals and drugs for standards of identification, quality, and potency. It includes health or safety standards in industries and occupations.
M0030789
M0030790
M0030789
M0030791
T061227
standards
ST
STAND
M0030790
guidelines
M0030789
M0030790
T061228
guidelines
M0030791
criteria
M0030789
M0030791
T061229
criteria
Q000600
supply & distribution
1973
12
27
2017
04
11
1968
01
01
subheading only; includes "availability"; for personnel, services & facilities; for drugs; not for food ( = FOOD SUPPLY) nor for water ( = WATER SUPPLY); CATALOGER: may be subdivided geographically
68; used with Category D, E, L & N 1968-74; D, E, F4, H-J, L & N2-4 1975-87; D, E, F4, H-J, L & N 1988; D, E, F4, G1-3 & H-J 1989; D, E7, J & N2 1990 forward; M 1994
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/SD or SD (SH) or SUBS APPLY SD
Y06.050
Y09.020
M0030793
supply & distribution
Used for the quantitative availability and distribution of material, equipment, health services, personnel, and facilities. It excludes food supply and water supply in industries and occupations.
M0030793
M0030794
M0030793
M0030795
T061231
supply & distribution
SD
SUPPLY
T000912277
supply and distribution
2016
11
29
M0030794
supply
M0030793
M0030794
T061232
supply
M0030795
distribution
M0030793
M0030795
T061233
distribution
Q000601
surgery
1973
12
27
2019
06
17
1966
01
01
subhead only; includes "operation", "surgical therapy"; for tissue section or coagulation by laser; not for transplantation ( = /transplantation); indexing policy: Manual 19.8.70; DF: /surg or /SU
66; used with Category A, C & F 1966-74; A, C & F3 1975; A, B2, C & F3 1976-89; A1-10, A13-14, A16, B2, C & F3 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/SU or SU (SH) or SUBS APPLY SU
Y11.070
M0030796
surgery
Used for operative procedures on organs, regions, or tissues in the treatment of diseases, including tissue section by lasers. It excludes transplantation, for which "transplantation" is used.
M0030796
M0030799
M0030796
M0030798
M0030796
M0030797
T061234
surgery
SU
SURG
T061238
operative therapy
T061237
invasive procedures
T061235
operative procedures
T061236
operations
M0030799
perioperative procedures
M0030796
M0030799
T061241
perioperative procedures
M0030798
intraoperative procedures
M0030796
M0030798
T061240
intraoperative procedures
T061242
peroperative procedures
M0030797
preoperative procedures
M0030796
M0030797
T061239
preoperative procedures
Q000627
therapeutic use
1973
12
27
2004
07
13
1966
01
01
subhead only; for treatment or preventive use of drugs or physical agents in clinical or experimental human or animal disease; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.71; DF: /ther use or /TU
66; used with Category D 1966; D & H 1967-89; D 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/TU or TU (SH) or SUBS APPLY TU
Y10
M0030820
therapeutic use
Used with drugs, biological preparations, and physical agents for their use in the prophylaxis and treatment of disease. It includes veterinary use.
T061267
therapeutic use
TU
THER USE
Q000628
therapy
1973
12
27
2003
07
22
1966
01
01
subhead only; for general or unspecified therapy & multiple therapies; for tissue therapy & therapy with biological products; not for drug therapy ( =/drug therapy), nor for diet therapy ( = /diet therapy), nor for surgical therapy ( = /surgery), nor for radiotherapy ( = /radiotherapy), nor for rehabilitative therapy ( = /rehabilitation); indexing policy: Manual 19.8.72; DF: /ther or /TH
66; used with Category C & F 1966-74; C & F3 1975-87; C, F3 & SMOKING 1988; C, F3 & SMOKING+ 1989; C & F3 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/TH or TH (SH) or SUBS APPLY TH
Y11
M0030821
therapy
Used with diseases for therapeutic interventions except drug therapy, diet therapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, for which specific subheadings exist. The concept is also used for articles and books dealing with multiple therapies.
T061268
therapy
TH
THER
T061269
treatment
T061270
disease management
Q000633
toxicity
1973
12
27
2017
07
05
1966
01
01
subheading only; for experimental human & animal studies; includes margin of safety & experimental exposure to environmental agents; see also /adverse effects & /poisoning
66; used with Category D 1966-67; D & J 1968 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/TO or TO (SH) or SUBS APPLY TO
Y07.020.020
M0030825
toxicity
Used with drugs and chemicals for experimental human and animal studies of their ill effects. It includes studies to determine the margin of safety or the reactions accompanying administration at various dose levels. It is used also for exposure to environmental agents. Poisoning should be considered for life-threatening exposure to environmental agents.
M0030825
M0030827
M0030825
M0030826
T061274
toxicity
TO
TOX
M0030827
toxic potential
M0030825
M0030827
T061276
toxic potential
M0030826
margin of safety
M0030825
M0030826
T061275
margin of safety
Q000635
transmission
1974
10
23
2003
07
22
1975
01
01
subhead only; for transmission & mechanism of transmission of disease from man to man, from man to animal, from animal to man or animal to animal; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.74; DF: /transm or /TM
75; used with Category C 1975-89; C1-3 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/TM or TM (SH) or SUBS APPLY TM
Y05.090
M0030829
transmission
Used with diseases for studies of the modes of transmission.
T061278
transmission
TM
TRANSM
Q000637
transplantation
1973
12
27
2003
07
24
1966
01
01
subhead only; includes "grafts" & "grafting" from one site to another in the same subject, from one to another of same species, from one to another of a different species; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.75; DF: /transpl or /TR
66; used with Category A 1966-89; A2-11, A13-16 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/TR or TR (SH) or SUBS APPLY TR
Y11.070.010
M0030830
transplantation
Used with organs, tissues, or cells for transplantation from one site to another within the same subject, or from one subject to another of the same species or different species.
M0030830
M0030831
T061279
transplantation
TR
TRANSPL
M0030831
grafting
M0030830
M0030831
T061280
grafting
T061281
grafts
Q000639
trends
1977
05
16
2003
07
25
1978
01
01
subhead only; includes "forecasting" & "futurology"; for a continuum from past to present, present to future; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.76; DF: /trends or /TD CATALOG: may be subdivided geographically
78; used with Category F4, G1-3, I & N 1978-79; E, F4, G1-3, I & N 1980-86; E, F4, G1-3, I, L & N 1987; E, F4, G1-3, I, L, N & SMOKING 1988; E, F4, G1-3, I, L, N & SMOKING+ 1989; E, F4, G1-2, I2-3 & N2-4 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/TD or TD (SH) or SUBS APPLY TD
Y06.060
M0030833
trends
Used for the manner in which a subject changes, qualitatively or quantitatively, with time, whether past, present, or future. It excludes discussions of the course of disease in particular patients.
M0030833
M0030835
M0030833
M0030834
T061283
trends
TD
TRENDS
M0030835
futurology
M0030833
M0030835
T061285
futurology
M0030834
forecasting
M0030833
M0030834
T061284
forecasting
Q000648
ultrastructure
1974
10
23
2016
06
15
1975
01
01
subheading only; for normal or pathological subcellular structure
75; used with Category A & B 1975; A, B & C4 1976-77; A1-11, A13-16, B & C4 1978-86; A1-11, A13-16, B, C4, CALCULI+, DNA+ & RNA+ 1987-88; A1-11, A13-16, B1, B3-6, C4, CALCULI+, NUCLEIC ACIDS+ & PROTEINS+ 1989; A2-11, A13-16, B1, B3-6 & C4 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/UL or UL (SH) or SUBS APPLY UL
Y02.020.020
M0030844
ultrastructure
Used with tissues and cells (including neoplasms) and microorganisms for microanatomic structures, generally below the size visible by light microscopy.
T061295
ultrastructure
UL
ULTRASTRUCT
T061297
subcellular structure
T061296
submicroscopic anatomy
Q000652
urine
1973
12
27
2003
07
24
1967
01
01
subhead only; for "in urine" or "urine in" animals or diseases; includes the presence of cells & endogenous & exogenous chemical substances; not for the presence of microbes or parasites in the urine in disease ( = /microbiology or /parasitology); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.79; DF: /urine or /UR
67; used with Category C, D & F 1967-74; B2, C, D & F3 1975-86; B2, C, D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+ & PUERPERIUM+ 1987; B2, C, D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+, PUERPERIUM+ & SMOKING 1988; B2, C, D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+, PUERPERIUM+ & SMOKING+ 1989; B2, C, D1-24 & F3 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/UR or UR (SH) or SUBS APPLY UR
Y01.040
Y08.040.070
M0030848
urine
Used for the presence or analysis of substances in the urine, and also for the examination of, or changes in, the urine in disease.
M0030848
M0030850
M0030848
M0030849
T061301
urine
UR
URINE
M0030850
urinary levels
M0030848
M0030850
T061303
urinary levels
M0030849
urinary aspects
M0030848
M0030849
T061302
urinary aspects
Q000662
veterinary
1973
12
27
2003
07
22
1966
01
01
subhead only; for pets & domestic, wild & zoo animals in veterinary medicine; for laboratory animals only if of concern to the veterinarian, not as experimental animals; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.81; DF: /vet or /VE
66; used with Category C 1966; C & E 1967-74; C1-21, C23 & E 1975-86; C1-21, C23, E, DISEASE OUTBREAKS & DISEASE RESERVOIRS 1987-89; C1-21, C23 & E 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/VE or VE (SH) or SUBS APPLY VE
Y41
M0030860
veterinary
Used for naturally occurring diseases in animals, or for diagnostic, preventive, or therapeutic procedures used in veterinary medicine.
T061316
veterinary
VE
VET
Q000706
statistics & numerical data
1988
06
02
2018
07
12
1989
01
01
subheading only; for statistics on non-disease headings only (statistics on diseases = /epidemiology); not for "statistics on supply & demand" ( = /supply & distribution)
89; used with Category E, F1-2, F4, G1-3 & H-N 1989; E, F4, G1-2, I, J, M & N2-4 1990 forward
search policy: Online Manual; main heading/SN or SN (SH) or SUBS APPLY SN
Y09
M0030890
statistics & numerical data
Used with non-disease headings for the expression of numerical values that describe particular sets or groups of data. It includes level of use of equipment and supplies, facilities and services and procedures and techniques. It excludes supply or demand for which "supply & distribution" is used
M0030890
M0030854
M0030890
M0030892
T061359
statistics & numerical data
SN
STATIST
T000912282
statistics and numerical data
2016
11
29
M0030854
utilization
Used with equipment, facilities, programs, services, and health personnel for discussions, usually with data, of how much they are used. It includes discussions of overuse and underuse.
M0030890
M0030854
T061308
utilization
UT
UTIL
T061309
use
M0030892
numerical data
M0030890
M0030892
T061361
numerical data
Q000737
chemistry
1990
08
29
2003
07
24
1991
01
01
subhead only; includes "chemical structure", "chemical composition", "chemical properties" or "chemical characterization"; includes "chemical composition" or "chemical content" of organs & tissues, organisms & plants; not for chemical analysis or determination ( = /analysis) nor chemical synthesis or manufacture ( = /chemical synthesis) nor chemical isolation or purification ( = /isolation & purification); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.15; DF: /chem or /CH
91; used with Category A2-16, C4 & D 1991; A2-16, B1, B3-6, C4 & D 1992 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use main heading/CH or CH (SH) or SUBS APPLY CH
Y03
M0030905
chemistry
Used with chemicals, biological, and non-biological substances for their composition, structure, characterization, and properties; also used for the chemical composition or content of organs, tissue, tumors, body fluids, organisms, and plants. Excludes chemical analysis and determination of substances for which "analysis" is used; excludes synthesis for which "chemical synthesis" is used; excludes isolation and purification of substances for which "isolation & purification" is used.
M0030905
M0030906
M0030905
M0030909
M0030905
M0030910
M0030905
M0030907
M0030905
M0030908
T061380
chemistry
CH
CHEM
M0030906
chemical structure
M0030905
M0030906
T061381
chemical structure
M0030909
chemical content
M0030905
M0030909
T061384
chemical content
M0030910
chemical properties
M0030905
M0030910
T061385
chemical properties
M0030907
chemical characterization
M0030905
M0030907
T061382
chemical characterization
M0030908
chemical composition
M0030905
M0030908
T061383
chemical composition
Q000819
agonists
1994
06
01
2003
07
22
1995
01
01
subhead only; for exogenous & endogenous substances; do not confuse with /antagonists & inhibitors; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.4; DF: /agon or /AG
95; used with Category D 1995 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/AG or AG (SH) or SUBS APPLY AG
Y03.010
Y07.030
M0030947
agonists
Used with chemicals, drugs, and endogenous substances to indicate substances or agents that have affinity for a receptor and intrinsic activity at that receptor. (From Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p.16)
T061435
agonists
AG
AGON
Q000821
virology
1994
07
08
2003
07
24
1995
01
01
subhead only; see also /microbiology (for bacteria, rickettsia & fungi) & /parasitology; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.82; DF: /virol or VI
95; used with Category A, B1-3, B6, C & F3 1995 forward
search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/VI or VI (SH) or SUBS APPLY VI
Y05.070.010
M0030948
virology
Used with organs, animals, and higher plants and with diseases for virologic studies. For bacteria, rickettsia, and fungi, "microbiology" is used; for parasites, "parasitology" is used.
M0030948
M0030949
T061436
virology
VI
VIROL
M0030949
viruses
M0030948
M0030949
T061437
viruses
Q000941
ethics
2002
07
02
2004
07
13
2003
01
01
subhead only; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; DF: /eth or /ES
2003
Y25
M0421311
ethics
Used with techniques and activities for discussion and analysis with respect to human and social values.
M0421311
M0421312
T490705
ethics
2002
04
24
ES
ETHICS
M0421312
ethical aspects
M0421311
M0421312
T490706
ethical aspects
2002
04
24