PMID- 13672727
TI  - Proximal gold foil restoration of posterior teeth.

PMID- 13672726
TI  - Method of evaluating the clinical effect of warping a denture: report of a case.

PMID- 13672728
TI  - Vibrator for the casting of amalgam dies in copper band impressions.

PMID- 13672729
TI  - Denture reliners direct, hard, self-curing resin.

PMID- 13672730
TI  - Pulp capping: a tooth saver.

PMID- 13672731
TI  - Dentistry's expanding horizons and increasing responsibilities.

PMID- 13672732
TI  - Acrylic jacket crown with linguoincisal gold tip.

PMID- 13672733
TI  - Endodontic treatment of deciduous teeth.

PMID- 13672734
TI  - Dental study of a professional trumpet player.

PMID- 13672735
TI  - Antarctic day of a naval dentist.

PMID- 13672736
TI  - A technic of dental health education for use at public health shows.

PMID- 13672737
TI  - SURVEY of dentist opinion. II. Dental health education: dental fees.

PMID- 13672738
TI  - SURVEY of the dental laboratory industry. III. Financial aspects of dental
      laboratories.

PMID- 13672739
TI  - Some recent studies in the immunology of cancer. I. Detection of methyl
      cholanthrene-like substance by the Schultz-Dale method in the sera of patients
      with tumors and in some apparently healthy persons.

PMID- 13672740
TI  - Hosttumor antagonism. XIII. Sarcoma of the soft tissues treated by bacterial
      toxins: successful series.

PMID- 13672741
TI  - Reduced sedative effect of a newly synthesized reserpine derivative
      (syrosingopine): clinical appraisal in primary hypertension.

PMID- 13672742
TI  - Meprobamatebenactyzine (deprol) in the treatment of chronic brain syndrome,
      schizophrenia and senility.

PMID- 13672743
TI  - Problems of medical management in homes for the aged.

PMID- 13672744
TI  - Ocular surgery in the aged.

PMID- 13672745
TI  - Abdominal paracentesis as a diagnostic aid.

PMID- 13672746
TI  - Electrocardiogram of patient in anaphylactic shock.

PMID- 13672747
TI  - Simple bedside test of respiratory function.

PMID- 13672748
TI  - Clinical evaluation of saline solution therapy in burn shock. II. Comparison of
      plasma therapy with saline solution therapy.

PMID- 13672749
TI  - The mechanics of common football injuries.

PMID- 13672750
TI  - Tissue necrosis and slough produced by metaraminol bitartrate.

PMID- 13672751
TI  - Sociocultural stresses and the physician-patient relationship.

PMID- 13672752
TI  - The psychotherapeutic approach to neurosis in the Pavlovian school.

PMID- 13672753
TI  - Dihydrostreptomycin deafness.

PMID- 13672754
TI  - Reserpine-induced gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

PMID- 13672755
TI  - Cholestasis due to prochlorperazine.

PMID- 13672757
TI  - DANGER of suffocation from plastic bags.

PMID- 13672756
TI  - Pulmonary granuloma due to brucellosis.

PMID- 13672758
TI  - NEW AND non-official drugs: cadmium sulfide.

PMID- 13672759
TI  - NEW AND non-official drugs: triacetin.

PMID- 13672760
TI  - NEW AND non-official drugs: cyclandelate.

PMID- 13672761
TI  - Effect of alcohol on the liver.

PMID- 13672762
TI  - The diabetic and his employment.

PMID- 13672763
TI  - Functions of a hospital in a major disaster.

PMID- 13672764
TI  - Psychosomatic problems in a rapidly growing suburb.

PMID- 13672765
TI  - Some psychosomatic aspects of asthma.

PMID- 13672766
TI  - Fatality after injection of sclerosing agent to precipitate fibro-osseous
      proliferation.

PMID- 13672767
TI  - Response of trigeminal neuralgia to decompression of sensory root; discussion of
      cause of trigeminal neuralgia.

PMID- 13672768
TI  - Cancerophobia and delusion.

PMID- 13672769
TI  - Fingertip hyperesthesia; solitary sign of new occupational dermatosis due to
      silica hair curlers.

PMID- 13672770
TI  - Automatic detection and recording of cardiac arrhythmias.

PMID- 13672771
TI  - Simplified technique for separation of cancer cells from blood.

PMID- 13672772
TI  - Incidence of cholecystitis and other diseases among Pima Indians of Southern
      Arizona.

PMID- 13672773
TI  - Electroshock therapy and tranquilizing drugs.

PMID- 13672774
TI  - Chlorothiazide: a survey of its effects in hypertensive patients.

PMID- 13672775
TI  - Coronary embolus.

PMID- 13672776
TI  - Coronary embolism with myocardial infarction; complication of verrucous
      endocarditis.

PMID- 13672778
TI  - NEW AND non-official drugs: halothane.

PMID- 13672777
TI  - Thromboembolic disease in adolescence.

PMID- 13672779
TI  - Steroid therapy and tuberculosis.

PMID- 13672780
TI  - Accurate pregnancy testing in tranquilized patients.

PMID- 13672781
TI  - Management of women with positive vaginal cytological findings.

PMID- 13672782
TI  - [Uterine cytology; the false-positive report].

PMID- 13672783
TI  - Trophoblastic pulmonary thrombosis with cor pulmonale; report of a case due to
      malignant hydatiform mole of five years duration.

PMID- 13672784
TI  - Control of tetanus spasms by administration of meprobamate.

PMID- 13672785
TI  - Hyperuricemia; relationship to hypercholesteremia and acute myocardial
      infarction.

PMID- 13672786
TI  - Hemoglobinuria after massive intraperitoneal hemorrhage.

PMID- 13672787
TI  - Phentolamine hydrochloride in prevention of cutaneous necrosis due to
      levarterenol.

PMID- 13672788
TI  - Carotid artery thrombosis in persons fifteen years of age or younger.

PMID- 13672789
TI  - Association of myxedema heart and arteriosclerotic heart disease.

PMID- 13672790
TI  - Huge osteoma of the eleventh left rib.

PMID- 13672792
TI  - DEVELOPMENT and purpose of the registry on blood dyscrasias.

PMID- 13672791
TI  - Exchange transfusion for aspirin poisoning.

PMID- 13672793
TI  - NEW AND non-official drugs; dicyclomine hydrochloride.

PMID- 13672794
TI  - NEW AND non-official drugs: benzonatate.

PMID- 13672795
TI  - Program of the Columbia University Institute of Nutrition Sciences.

PMID- 13672796
TI  - Intrafamilial and interfamilial spread of living vaccine strains of polioviruses.

PMID- 13672797
TI  - Human pharmacology of thiazide derivatives.

PMID- 13672798
TI  - Acute pancreatitis in patients receiving chlorothiazide.

PMID- 13672799
TI  - Clinical therapeutic evaluation of hydrochlorothiazide (hydrodiuril).

PMID- 13672800
TI  - Hemorrhage from multiple sites associated with chlorpromazine-induced jaundice.

PMID- 13672801
TI  - Ototoxicity of kanamycin; report of three cases.

PMID- 13672802
TI  - Consciousness and pain during apparent surgical anesthesia; report of a case.

PMID- 13672803
TI  - Nausea and vomiting in the immediate postanesthetic period.

PMID- 13672804
TI  - Agranulocytosis caused by phenothiazine derivatives.

PMID- 13672805
TI  - Sulfhemoglobinemia due to acetophenetidin.

PMID- 13672806
TI  - Hypokalemic muscle paralysis associated with administration of chlorothiazide.

PMID- 13672807
TI  - Hepatic damage during chlorpropamide therapy.

PMID- 13672808
TI  - Jaundice occurring during nicotinic acid therapy for hypercholesteremia.

PMID- 13672809
TI  - NEW AND Nonofficial Drugs: erythromycin propionate.

PMID- 13672810
TI  - NEW AND Nonofficial Drugs: relaxin.

PMID- 13672811
TI  - NEW AND Nonofficial Drugs: syrosingopine.

PMID- 13672812
TI  - Problem of antibiotics in foods.

PMID- 13672813
TI  - Beta radiation sources, uses, and dangers in treatment of the eye.

PMID- 13672814
TI  - Problems of impaired speech and language.

PMID- 13672815
TI  - Some aspects of the pharmacology of ethyl-4-phenyl-1-[2-(phenylamino)ethyl]
      piperidine-4-carboxylate (Win 13,797).

PMID- 13672816
TI  - The evaluation of iodinated organic compounds as radiopaque media.

PMID- 13672817
TI  - A new highly reactive aluminum hydroxide complex for gastric hyperacidity. I. In
      vitro rate of acid neutralization.

PMID- 13672818
TI  - A new highly reactive aluminum hydroxide complex for gastric hyperacidity. II. In
      vitro buffering range and duration of action.

PMID- 13672819
TI  - The preparation of some amides of bromal.

PMID- 13672820
TI  - The kinetics of degradation of chlorobutanol.

PMID- 13672821
TI  - Studies on local anesthetics. XVIII. Some new quaternary salts of basic
      carbamates.

PMID- 13672822
TI  - Studies on local anesthetics. XIX. Substituted phenylcarbamates of
      piperidinopropanediol.

PMID- 13672823
TI  - Studies on local anesthetics. XXI. Some derivatives of omega
      diethylaminoacetanilide.

PMID- 13672824
TI  - A comparison of the hypotensive effects of the monophosphoric acid ester of
      thiamine and thiamine hydrochloride.

PMID- 13672825
TI  - Separation of decomposed products of phenobarbital sodium by paper
      chromatographic technique.

PMID- 13672826
TI  - A new benzodixan derivative with adrenergic blocking activity; 2-(N,N
      diallylcarbamylmethyl) aminomethyl-1,4-benzodioxan.

PMID- 13672827
TI  - The preparation of oxidized derivatives of 1-ethylsulfonyl-4-ethylpiperazine.

PMID- 13672828
TI  - Tritium-labeled meprobamate.

PMID- 13672829
TI  - A chromatographic examination of the alkaloidal fraction of Amanita pantherina.

PMID- 13672830
TI  - Comparative activities and toxicities. III. D-Glucamine and glycine derivatives
      of nitro and halogenated benzenes.

PMID- 13672831
TI  - A note on the preliminary phytochemical and biological study of Lomatium
      suksdorfii.

PMID- 13672832
TI  - A note on the use of oxygen and carbon dioxide in perfusion fluids.

PMID- 13672833
TI  - A note on the stability of vitamin B12 in the presence of thiochrome.

PMID- 13672834
TI  - Studies on the adsorption of odorous materials. I. Surface potential changes of
      solid and liquid adsorbing surfaces.

PMID- 13672835
TI  - A kinetic study of the hydrolysis of methyl DL-alpha-phenyl-2-piperidylacetate.

PMID- 13672836
TI  - Veratrum alkaloids. XXXII. The structures of germitetrine and some related
      hypotensive ester alkaloids.

PMID- 13672837
TI  - Intermediary metabolism of ergot. I. Amino acid metabolism.

PMID- 13672838
TI  - Ion exchange separation method for microdetermination of tropane alkaloids in the
      presence of morphine.

PMID- 13672840
TI  - Air-suspension technique of coating drug particles; a preliminary report.

PMID- 13672839
TI  - An examination of the oil of the seeds of persimmon (Diospyros Virginiana L.,
      fam. Ebenaceae.

PMID- 13672841
TI  - Synthesis and antifungal studies on sorbic acid derivatives.

PMID- 13672842
TI  - Binding of drugs by plastics. 1. Interaction of bacteriostatic agents with
      plastic syringes.

PMID- 13672843
TI  - Influence of glutathione on the inhibition of Escherichia coli by kanamycin.

PMID- 13672844
TI  - Saponins and sapogenins. IV. Isolation of oleanolic acid from Sesbania aegyptica
      Pers.

PMID- 13672845
TI  - Studies on cell growth and cell division. I. A temperature-controlled system for
      inducing synchronous cell division.

PMID- 13672846
TI  - Studies on cell growth and cell division. II. Selective activity of
      chloramphenicol and azaserine on cell growth and cell division.

PMID- 13672847
TI  - Sulfaethylthiadiazole. V. Design and study of an oral sustained release dosage
      form.

PMID- 13672848
TI  - Spectrophotofluorometry of reserpine, other Rauwolfia alkaloids, and related
      compounds.

PMID- 13672849
TI  - A note on N-ethoxy-N-ethyl-m-toluamide insecticide.

PMID- 13672850
TI  - Sensitivity to vaginal jellies: a note on the therapeutic index of spermicides.

PMID- 13672851
TI  - A note on the crystallography of thenylpyramine hydrochloride.

PMID- 13672852
TI  - An evaluation of some clinical data in the treatment of tinea pedis with copper
      sulphate iontophoresis and some fungicidal preparations.

PMID- 13672853
TI  - Nail fungus; the problem and its management.

PMID- 13672854
TI  - Post-operative pain control with dipyrone injectable.

PMID- 13672855
TI  - Double ring hammer toe device.

PMID- 13672856
TI  - Overtreatment dermatitis.

PMID- 13672857
TI  - Cervical spinal cord tumor: a case report.

PMID- 13672858
TI  - Surgical removal of sebaceous cyst medial plantar margin of right heel.

PMID- 13672859
TI  - Removal of head of middle phalanx.

PMID- 13672860
TI  - Parenthood as a developmental phase; a contribution to the libido theory.

PMID- 13672861
TI  - A procedure for evaluating the results of psychoanalysis; a preliminary report.

PMID- 13672862
TI  - Psychoanalytic therapy in the light of follow-up.

PMID- 13672863
TI  - Introspection, empathy, and psychoanalysis; an examination of the relationship
      between mode of observation and theory.

PMID- 13672864
TI  - Certain technical problems in the transference relationship.

PMID- 13672865
TI  - Transference derivatives of the family romance.

PMID- 13672867
TI  - Problems of reanalysis.

PMID- 13672866
TI  - The vicissitudes of ego development in adolescence.

PMID- 13672868
TI  - The silent patient.

PMID- 13672869
TI  - Some theoretical aspects of early psychic functioning.

PMID- 13672870
TI  - A myxovirus (SF-4) associated with shipping fever of cattle.

PMID- 13672871
TI  - Studies of shipping fever of cattle. I. Para-influenza 3 virus antibodies in
      feeder calves.

PMID- 13672872
TI  - The evolution of laboratory animal medicine in the United States.

PMID- 13672873
TI  - Skin grafting in the horse.

PMID- 13672874
TI  - Some observations on the use of synthetic oxytocin in sows.

PMID- 13672875
TI  - Treatment of canine nephritis.

PMID- 13672876
TI  - Ragweed allergy in the dog.

PMID- 13672878
TI  - Vertical integration in animal agriculture.

PMID- 13672877
TI  - A parasitism in turkeys due to a Hemoproteus-like blood parasite.

PMID- 13672879
TI  - The genetic aspects of hip dysplasia in dogs.

PMID- 13672880
TI  - Hereditary acetabular dysplasia in German shepherd dogs.

PMID- 13672881
TI  - Epidemiological studies on equine encephalomyelitis in Maryland and Virginia.

PMID- 13672882
TI  - Bilateral corneal dermoid in a calf; a case report.

PMID- 13672883
TI  - Low fertility in turkeys associated with vibriosis.

PMID- 13672884
TI  - The intraperitoneal use of procaine hydrochloride with morphine-pentobarbital
      anesthesia.

PMID- 13672885
TI  - Field trial involving parenteral use of benzathine penicillin V on Streptococcus
      agalactiae infections in two Holstein-Friesian dairy herds.

PMID- 13672886
TI  - Eperythrozoonosis in a herd of purebred Landrace pigs.

PMID- 13672887
TI  - Sodium pentachlorophenate as an ovicide for controlling ascariasis in swine.

PMID- 13672888
TI  - Congenital dysplasia of the hip in dogs.

PMID- 13672889
TI  - DR. LESLIE M. HUTCHINGS; 1915-1959.

PMID- 13672890
TI  - A product of Streptomyces exhibiting strong inhibition against Ehrlich carcinoma
      cells in vitro.

PMID- 13672891
TI  - Studies on metabolism of a chloramphenicol-producing Streptomyces with chlorine
      36.

PMID- 13672892
TI  - Studies on mikamycin. III. Characterization and hydrolysis.

PMID- 13672893
TI  - Bacteriological studies on kanamycin. III. The cross resistance relation between
      kanamycin and dihydrostreptomycin in Mycobacterium 607.

PMID- 13672894
TI  - On the mode of action of kanamycin.

PMID- 13672895
TI  - Studies on the kanamycin-resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. II. Kanamycin
      sensitivity of various drug-resistant strains.

PMID- 13672896
TI  - The effect of streptomycin in delaying the growth rate of streptomycin-resistant
      mutants of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

PMID- 13672897
TI  - Mouse leukemia C1498 and antitumor substances.

PMID- 13672898
TI  - Variotin, a new antifungal antibiotic, produced by Paecilomyces varioti Bainier
      var. antibioticus.

PMID- 13672899
TI  - Studies on phleomycin.

PMID- 13672900
TI  - Studies on mikamycin B.

PMID- 13672901
TI  - Lower toxic derivatives of antibiotics. I. N-methanesulfonate derivatives of
      kanamycin and neomycin.

PMID- 13672902
TI  - Studies on toxin production of Clostridium botulinum type E. III.
      Characterization of toxin precursor.

PMID- 13672903
TI  - Kanamycin resistant staphylococcus mutant requiring heme for growth.

PMID- 13672904
TI  - Serological types of Escherichia coli in association with infantile
      gastroenteritis.

PMID- 13672905
TI  - Stability of disseminated aerosols of Pasteurella tularensis subjected to
      simulated solar radiations at various humidities.

PMID- 13672906
TI  - Studies on the myxobacterium Chondrococcus columnaris. I. Serological typing.

PMID- 13672907
TI  - Studies on the myxobacterium Chondrococcus columnaris. II. Bacteriocins.

PMID- 13672908
TI  - Nucleic acid metabolism and ribonucleic acid heterogeneity in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 13672909
TI  - Studies on the radiation inactivation of microorganisms. V. Deoxyribonucleic acid
      metabolism in ultraviolet-irradiated Haemophilus influenzae.

PMID- 13672910
TI  - Mating reaction in Hansenula wingei; relation of cell surface properties to
      agglutination.

PMID- 13672911
TI  - Observations on tissue cultures of mouse peritoneal exudates inoculated with
      Histoplasma capsulatum.

PMID- 13672912
TI  - Studies of streptococcal cell walls. IV. The conversion of D-glucose to cell wall
      L-rhamnose.

PMID- 13672913
TI  - Oral strains of Actinomyces.

PMID- 13672914
TI  - Electron microscopy of ultrathin sections of bacteria. III. Cell wall,
      cytoplasmic membrane, and nuclear material.

PMID- 13672915
TI  - Comparative pathogenicity of Candida albicans for mice and rabbits.

PMID- 13672916
TI  - Microbiological determination of deoxyribonucleic acid; titrimetric estimation of
      thymidine.

PMID- 13672917
TI  - Microbiological determination of deoxyribonucleic acid; influence of
      deoxyribosides on the standard curves.

PMID- 13672919
TI  - alpha-Amylase formation in growing and nongrowing cells of Pseudomonas
      saccharophila.

PMID- 13672918
TI  - Alterations in metal content of spores of Bacillus megaterium and the effect on
      some spore properties.

PMID- 13672920
TI  - Comparative metabolism of species and types of organisms within the genus
      Brucella.

PMID- 13672921
TI  - Studies on immunity in anthrax. VII. Carbohydrate metabolism of Bacillus
      anthracis in relation to elaboration of protective antigen.

PMID- 13672922
TI  - Selective antibacterial activity of aconitic acid.

PMID- 13672923
TI  - Ammonium salts as a sole source of nitrogen for the growth of Streptococcus
      bovis.

PMID- 13672924
TI  - Cross resistance of Salmonella typhimurium to streptomycin and kanamycin.

PMID- 13672925
TI  - Racemization of lysine by a pseudomonad.

PMID- 13672926
TI  - Detection of diphosphopyridine nucleotidase-forming streptococci.

PMID- 13672927
TI  - [Use of synthetic antimalarials in the treatment of chronic evolutive
      polyarthritis].

PMID- 13672928
TI  - [Experience with tuberculin therapy of arthroses].

PMID- 13672929
TI  - [Electromyographic study of curarization by iontophoresis].

PMID- 13672930
TI  - [14 Cases of senile vertebral ankylosing hyperostosis].

PMID- 13672931
TI  - [Dorsalgias & tumors of the posterior mediastinum].

PMID- 13672932
TI  - [Abnormalities of femur with bilateral coxa vara].

PMID- 13672933
TI  - The hepatic glucose response to insulin in the un-anesthetized dog.

PMID- 13672934
TI  - Effect of whole-body x-irradiation on glucose oxidation by rat small intestine
      mucosa in vitro.

PMID- 13672936
TI  - The enzymatic sulfation of heparin.

PMID- 13672935
TI  - The metabolism of acetol phosphate. II. 1,2-Propanediol-1-phosphate
      dehydrogenase.

PMID- 13672937
TI  - A simple method for preparation of crystalline barium glucose 6-phosphate.

PMID- 13672938
TI  - Carbon dioxide activation in the pyruvate clastic system of Clostridium
      butyricum.

PMID- 13672939
TI  - Reversal of pyruvate oxidation in Clostridium butyricum.

PMID- 13672940
TI  - Labile fatty acids of rat diaphragm muscle and their possible role as the major
      endogenous substrate for maintenance of respiration.

PMID- 13672941
TI  - Formate metabolism by animal tissues. II. The mechanism of formate oxidation.

PMID- 13672942
TI  - Enzymatic conversion of beta-hydroxypropionate to malonic semialdehyde.

PMID- 13672943
TI  - Further observations on lipide stimulation of bacterial growth.

PMID- 13672944
TI  - Studies on the estrogen-sensitive enzyme system from placenta.

PMID- 13672945
TI  - Heterogeneity in the turnover rates of liver cholesterol esters.

PMID- 13672946
TI  - Isolation and characterization of 3 beta-hydroxy-delta 5-steroids in adrenal
      carcinoma.

PMID- 13672947
TI  - The separation and quantitative estimation of pregnane-3 alpha, 17 alpha, 20
      alpha-triol, pregnane-3 alpha, 17 alpha, 20 alpha-triol-11-one, and other urinary
      acetaldehydogenic steroids.

PMID- 13672948
TI  - Structure of the site phosphorylated in the phosphorylase b to a reaction.

PMID- 13672949
TI  - Amperometric titration of disulfide and sulfhydryl in proteins in 8 M urea.

PMID- 13672950
TI  - The relationship of disulfide bonds and activity in ribonuclease.

PMID- 13672951
TI  - The effect of an altered secondary structure on ribonuclease activity.

PMID- 13672952
TI  - The hydrolysis of carbobenzoxy-L-tyrosine p-nitrophenyl ester by various enzymes.

PMID- 13672953
TI  - Azoproteins. I. Spectrophotometric studies of amino acid azo derivatives.

PMID- 13672954
TI  - A new method for isolation of hydroxy-L-proline and L-proline from gelatin.

PMID- 13672955
TI  - Studies on the reaction of sulfite with proteins.

PMID- 13672956
TI  - Proline iminopeptidase.

PMID- 13672957
TI  - Preparation and properties of guanidinated mercuripapain.

PMID- 13672958
TI  - The nature of the amino acid residues involved in the inactivation of
      ribonuclease by iodoacetate.

PMID- 13672959
TI  - The reaction of iodoacetate with methionine.

PMID- 13672960
TI  - An alanine-dependent, ribonuclease-inhibited conversion of adenosine 5'-phosphate
      to adenosine triphosphate. II. Reconstruction of the system from purified
      components.

PMID- 13672961
TI  - Comparative biochemistry of urea synthesis. I. Methods for the quantitative assay
      of urea cycle enzymes in liver.

PMID- 13672962
TI  - Comparative biochemistry of urea synthesis. II. Levels of urea cycle enzymes in
      metamorphosing Rana catesbeiana tadpoles.

PMID- 13672963
TI  - The oxidation of glycine and formate to CO2 by rat liver homogenates.

PMID- 13672964
TI  - The mechanism of the enzymatic cleavage of S-adenosylmethionine to alpha-amino
      gamma-butyrolactone.

PMID- 13672965
TI  - The independence of hydrocortisone and tryptophan inductions of tryptophan
      pyrrolase.

PMID- 13672966
TI  - Biosynthesis of the purines. XXIII. The enzymatic synthesis of N-(5-amino-1
      ribosyl-4-imidazolylcarbonyl)-L-aspartic acid 5'-phosphate.

PMID- 13672967
TI  - Biosynthesis of the purines. XXIV. The enzymatic synthesis of 5-amino-1-ribosyl-4
      imidazolecarboxylic acid 5'-phosphate from 5-amino-1-ribosylimidazole 5'
      phosphate and carbon dioxide.

PMID- 13672968
TI  - Biosynthesis of the purines. XXV. The enzymatic cleavage of N-(5-amino-1-ribosyl
      4-imidazolylcarbonyl)-L-aspartic acid 5'-phosphate.

PMID- 13672969
TI  - Biosynthesis of the purines. XXVI. The identification of the formyl donors of the
      transformylation reactions.

PMID- 13672970
TI  - N-Methyl-4-pyridone-5-carboxamide, a new major normal metabolite of nicotinic
      acid in rat urine.

PMID- 13672971
TI  - Uridine diphosphoacetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase.

PMID- 13672972
TI  - The preparation of uridine diphosphoacetyl-galactosamine.

PMID- 13672973
TI  - The enzymatic formation of formiminotetrahydrofolic acid, 5,10
      methenyltetrahydrofolic acid, and 10-formyltetrahydrofolic acid in the metabolism
      of formiminoglutamic acid.

PMID- 13672974
TI  - Goitrin from fresh cabbage.

PMID- 13672975
TI  - The distribution of sulfur-containing compounds in penicillin fermentations.

PMID- 13672976
TI  - A comparison of some biochemical properties of the beef liver and beef kidney
      rhodaneses.

PMID- 13672977
TI  - The biosynthesis of patulin. III. Evidence for a molecular rearrangement of the
      aromatic ring.

PMID- 13672978
TI  - Studies of electron transport enzymes. III. Cytochrome b5 of pig liver
      mitochondria.

PMID- 13672979
TI  - A triphosphopyridine nucleotide-cytochrome c reductase from heart muscle.

PMID- 13672980
TI  - The photo-reduction of pyridine nucleotides by illuminated chromatophores of
      Rhodospirillum rubrum in the presence of succinate.

PMID- 13672981
TI  - Photo-oxidations catalyzed by chromatophores of Rhodospirillum rubrum under
      anaerobic conditions.

PMID- 13672982
TI  - The inhibition of xanthine and succinic oxidases by carbonyl reagents.

PMID- 13672983
TI  - Further studies with xanthine oxidase inhibitors.

PMID- 13672984
TI  - Studies on phenol-activated oxidation of reduced nucleotides by rat uterus.

PMID- 13672985
TI  - Further observations on the effect of isooctane on respiratory enzymes.

PMID- 13672986
TI  - Phosphate inhibition of citrate oxidation in kidney tissue.

PMID- 13672987
TI  - Studies on the electron transfer system. XXV. The isolation and properties of a
      lipoflavoprotein with diaphorase activity from beef heart mitochondria.

PMID- 13672988
TI  - Effects of growth hormone in vitro on the metabolism of glucose in rat adipose
      tissue.

PMID- 13672989
TI  - Condensing enzyme in garcinia leaves (Xanthochymus guttiferae).

PMID- 13672990
TI  - The enzymatic formation of D-arabinose 5-phosphate from L-arabinose and adenosine
      triphosphate by Propionibacterium pentosaceum.

PMID- 13672991
TI  - Studies of liver glucose 6-phosphatase. III. Solubilization and properties of the
      enzyme from normal and diabetic rats.

PMID- 13672992
TI  - The endogenous glycogen of rat diaphragm and its theoretical capacity to support
      respiration.

PMID- 13672993
TI  - A sensitive colorimetric method for the estimation of 2-deoxy sugars with the use
      of the malonaldehyde-thiobarbituric acid reaction.

PMID- 13672994
TI  - Metabolic activity in calcified tissues: aconitase and isocitric dehydrogenase
      activities in rabbit and dog femurs.

PMID- 13672995
TI  - The natural occurrence of sedoheptulose monophosphate in liver.

PMID- 13672996
TI  - The distribution and utilization of glucose in isolated lymph node cells.

PMID- 13672997
TI  - The action of an amyloglucosidase of Aspergillus niger on starch and malto
      oligosaccharides.

PMID- 13672998
TI  - The thiobarbituric acid assay of sialic acids.

PMID- 13672999
TI  - Biochemistry of long chain fatty acids. I. General observations.

PMID- 13673000
TI  - Biochemistry of long chain fatty acids. II. Metabolic studies.

PMID- 13673001
TI  - Studies on the biosynthesis of glycolipides and other lipides of the brain.

PMID- 13673002
TI  - Possible metabolic functions of deoxycytidine diphosphate choline and
      deoxycytidine diphosphate ethanolamine.

PMID- 13673003
TI  - The mechanism of formation of succinate and propionate by Ascaris lumbricoides
      muscle.

PMID- 13673004
TI  - Metabolism of C-16-oxygenated steroids by human placenta: the formation of
      estriol.

PMID- 13673005
TI  - Bacterial oxidation of steroids. I. Ring A dehydrogenations by intact cells.

PMID- 13673006
TI  - Bacterial oxidation of steroids. II. Studies on the enzymatic mechanism of ring A
      dehydrogenation.

PMID- 13673007
TI  - Bile acids and steroids. LXXXII. On the mechanism of deoxycholic acid formation
      in the rabbit.

PMID- 13673008
TI  - Bile acids and steroids. LXXXIII. On the inter-conversion of cholic and
      deoxycholic acid in the rat.

PMID- 13673009
TI  - Separation of human placental estrogen-sensitive transhydrogenase from estradiol
      17 beta dehydrogenase.

PMID- 13673010
TI  - Preputial gland tumor sterols. I. The occurrence of 24,25-dihydrolanosterol and a
      comparison with liver and the normal gland.

PMID- 13673011
TI  - Studies on the antigenic structure of ribonuclease. I. General role of hydrogen
      and disulfide bonds.

PMID- 13673012
TI  - Preparation and characterization of a fully iodinated insulin derivative.

PMID- 13673013
TI  - The flavoprotein-apoprotein system of egg white.

PMID- 13673014
TI  - The metabolism of carbon-labeled urea in the germ free rat.

PMID- 13673015
TI  - Biosynthesis of methionine in liver.

PMID- 13673016
TI  - Hydroxyproline metabolism. I. Conversion to alpha-ketoglutarate by extracts of
      Pseudomonas.

PMID- 13673017
TI  - Protein synthesis by rabbit reticulocytes. I. Kinetics of amino acid
      incorporation in vitro into protein fractions of intact cells.

PMID- 13673018
TI  - Protein synthesis by rabbit reticulocytes. II. Interruption of the pathway of
      hemoglobin synthesis by a valine analogue.

PMID- 13673019
TI  - Pyrimidine metabolism. IV. A comparison of normal and regenerating rat liver.

PMID- 13673020
TI  - 6-Chloropurine and 6-chlorouric acid as substrates and inhibitors of purine
      oxidizing enzymes.

PMID- 13673021
TI  - Studies on polynucleotides. III. Enzymic degradation; substrate specificity and
      properties of snake venom phosphodiesterase.

PMID- 13673022
TI  - Studies on polynucleotides. IV. Enzymic degradation; the stepwise action of venom
      phosphodiesterase on deoxyribo-oligonucleotides.

PMID- 13673023
TI  - The utilization of acetate-C14 by Escherichia coli grown on acetate as the sole
      carbon source.

PMID- 13673024
TI  - DDT dehydrochlorinase. I. Isolation, chemical properties, and spectrophotometric
      assay.

PMID- 13673025
TI  - DDT dehydrochlorinase. II. Substrate and cofactor specificity.

PMID- 13673026
TI  - The metabolism of aromatic compounds in higher plants. I. Coumarin and o-coumaric
      acid.

PMID- 13673027
TI  - N-(6-Hydroxy-2-fluorenyl) acetamide, a urinary metabolite after intraperitoneal
      injection of N-2-fluorenylacetamide into rats.

PMID- 13673028
TI  - Enzymatic formation of polysulfides from mercaptopyruvate.

PMID- 13673029
TI  - Pyrrolidine and putrescine metabolism: gamma-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase.

PMID- 13673030
TI  - Equilibrium and kinetic studies of the pyruvic kinase reaction.

PMID- 13673031
TI  - The intracellular occurrence of reduced diphosphopyridine nucleotide-coupled
      reactions in liver and kidney.

PMID- 13673032
TI  - Formation of the nicotinic acid analogue of diphosphopyridine nucleotide after
      nicotinamide administration.

PMID- 13673033
TI  - The natural occurrence of coenzyme Q and related compounds.

PMID- 13673034
TI  - Studies on the mechanism by which anaerobiosis prevents swelling of mitochondria
      in vitro: effect of electron transport chain inhibitors.

PMID- 13673035
TI  - Reversal of thyroxine-induced swelling of rat liver mitochondria by adenosine
      triphosphate.

PMID- 13673036
TI  - Photophosphorylation by digitonin-fragmented spinach chloroplasts.

PMID- 13673037
TI  - A note on the distribution of phosphorus in photophosphorylating spinach
      chloroplast preparations.

PMID- 13673038
TI  - Oxidative photosynthetic phosphorylation by spinach chloroplasts.

PMID- 13673039
TI  - Studies on the mitochondrial alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase. I. Reaction of
      the dehydrogenase with electron acceptors and the respiratory chain.

PMID- 13673040
TI  - Nuclear-cytoplasmic relationships in human cells in tissue culture. III. Auto
      radiographic study of interrelation of nuclear and cytoplasmic ribonucleic acid.
AB  - The movement of ribonucleic acid (RNA) from nucleus to cytoplasm has been
      studied, by autoradiographic techniques, in cells of the human amnion grown in
      tissue culture. Cells were exposed to cytidine-H(3) for 1 hour after which time
      only the RNA of the nuclei was labelled. After this 1 hour exposure the cells
      were placed in a medium containing an excess amount of unlabelled cytidine.
      Periodically, cells from this medium were fixed. Autoradiographs showed that
      there was a progressive movement of the label from nucleus to cytoplasm, such
      that after 24 hours essentially all the label was in the RNA of the cytoplasm. A
      study of the incorporation of the cytidine-H(3) in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA),
      in the same population of cells at the same times, indicated that the presence of
      excess amounts of unlabelled cytidine almost instantaneously inhibited further
      utilization of cytidine-H(3). It is concluded that RNA moves from nucleus to
      cytoplasm as a complex polynucleotide structure.

PMID- 13673041
TI  - Electron microscope study of the human neuromuscular junction.
AB  - A preliminary electron microscope study of human neuromuscular junction is
      presented. The biopsy material was taken from the palmarus longus, and fixed
      routinely in osmium tetroxide and embedded in methacrylate. The structure of the
      motor endings and the relationship of the synaptic vesicles to the axolemmal
      membrane are described. The synaptic clefts are filled with an homogeneous
      material in continuity with the basement membrane covering the muscle fiber. The
      subneural apparatus is described, and special attention is paid to a vesicular
      component present in the sarcoplasm of the junctional area, which differs from
      synaptic vesicles and is presumed to be a derivate of the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

PMID- 13673042
TI  - Nucleoprotein changes in plant tumor growth.
AB  - Tumor cell transformation and growth were studied in a plant neoplasm, crown gall
      of bean, induced by Agrobacterium rubi. Ribose nucleic acid (RNA), deoxyribose
      nucleic acid (DNA), histone, and total protein were estimated by microphotometry
      of nuclei, nucleoli, and cytoplasm in stained tissue sections. Transformation of
      normal cells to tumor cells was accompanied by marked increases in
      ribonucleoprotein content of affected tissues, reaching a maximum 2 to 3 days
      after inoculation with virulent bacteria. Increased DNA levels were in part
      associated with increased mitotic frequency, but also with progressive
      accumulation of nuclei in the higher DNA classes, formed by repeated DNA doubling
      without intervening reduction by mitosis. Some normal nuclei of the higher DNA
      classes (with 2, 4, or 8 times the DNA content of diploid nuclei) were reduced to
      diploid levels by successive cell divisions without intervening DNA synthesis.
      The normal relation between DNA synthesis and mitosis was thus disrupted in tumor
      tissue. Nevertheless, clearly defined DNA classes, as found in homologous normal
      tissues, were maintained in the tumor at all times.

PMID- 13673043
TI  - The fine structure of the adepidermal reticulum in the basal membrane of the skin
      of the newt, Triturus.
AB  - The unique reticulum in the basal membrane of the adult newt's skin consists of a
      series of nodular swellings from which there radiate fibers. Electron
      micrographic studies showed that the nodules consist of layers of fibrillae
      arranged approximately and irregularly at right angles to one another. Some are
      packed to form a capsule; still others extend into the internodular zone to form
      the radiating fibers. The fibrils are banded and are revealed best after fixation
      with potassium permanganate. The reticulum is compared with that of the larval
      newt and the frog tadpole. The epidermal side of the reticulum is bounded by a
      membrane separated from the plasma wall of the epidermal cell by a clear space.
      These we have termed adepidermal membrane and space, and have compared them with
      similar structures in larvae.

PMID- 13673044
TI  - Electron microscope observations of the melanocyte of the human epidermis.
AB  - Using standard osmium fixation and methacrylate embedding techniques, a study has
      been made of the melanocyte of human biopsy skin removed under general and local
      anaesthesia. Melanogenesis was easily observable in the melanocytes, but immature
      pigment granules were rarely seen in the Malpighian cells. The passage of melanin
      from melanocyte to Malpighian cell-cytocrine secretion-is thought to have been
      observed. Phagocytes near the dermal-epidermal junction seem to have their
      pigment granules in vacuoles, rather than surrounded directly by the cytoplasmic
      matrix as in the melanocytes. This, together with the failure to observe "effete"
      melanocytes, prompts the suggestion that the phagocytes are melanocytes which
      have migrated from the epidermis into the dermis. A melanin granule is shown with
      alternating dark and lighter transverse striations, concerning which structure
      little can at present be said.

PMID- 13673045
TI  - Spermiogenesis in Lumbricus herculeus; an electron microscope study.
AB  - Small pieces of the sperm sacs of Lumbricus herculeus were fixed for 4 hours in
      chrome-osmium, embedded in methacrylate, sectioned with a Porter-Blum microtome,
      and studied with a R.C.A. EMU-2C electron microscope. Each spermatid of a group
      developing synchronously is attached by a cytoplasmic strand to a common nutrient
      protoplasmic mass. This mass contains mitochondria and yolk bodies but is
      anucleate. The proximal centriole, that is, the centriole nearer the nucleus, is
      at first associated with a small peg which becomes firmly attached to the nuclear
      membrane. Later these two bodies become separated during the development of the
      middle-piece which is differentiated in the usual manner from a nebenkern formed
      by the fusion of 6 or 7 mitochondria. The acrosome develops in relation to the
      dictyosome (Golgi body), itself composed of 8 or more individual flattened sacs
      and situated in the cytoplasm opposite the point of attachment of the spermatid
      to the nutrient mass. Soon after its formation, the acrosome becomes incorporated
      into a cytoplasmic appendage or acrosome carrier. The carrier moves from its
      original position, along the lateral border of the elongating nucleus, to the
      distal margin of the nucleus where the acrosome is deposited. No evidence was
      found of a centriole located at the point of junction between nucleus and
      acrosome as suggested by earlier workers.

PMID- 13673046
TI  - The isolation of nucleoli from ungerminated pea embryos.
AB  - A method is described for the isolation of nuclei and nucleoli from ungerminated
      pea embryos. Electron micrographs of the nucleolar preparation indicate a high
      degree of purity but only a partial preservation of composition, because of a
      loss of material from the nucleoli which occurs during the isolation procedure.

PMID- 13673047
TI  - Some chemical properties of isolated pea nucleoli.
AB  - Isolated nuclei and nucleoli of ungerminated pea embryos have been analyzed
      chemically for their content of DNA, RNA, zinc, iron, phosphorus, and protein
      sulfhydryl groups. The values obtained cannot be considered to represent the
      whole of the living nucleolar body as an undetermined amount of material is
      extracted from nucleoli in the course of their isolation. Only negligible amounts
      of DNA have been found in the isolated nucleoli; most of the DNA released on
      disruption of nuclei appears in a fraction showing very few structures under the
      light microscope. RNA is more concentrated in the nucleolus than in the nucleus
      or cytoplasm, but since nucleolar protein is 6 per cent of nuclear and less than
      1 per cent of cytoplasmic protein, the total amount of nucleolar RNA is
      comparatively small. None of the other components listed occurs in high
      concentration in either nucleus or nucleolus.

PMID- 13673048
TI  - Some observations on the fine structure of the giant nerve fibers of the
      earthworm, Eisenia foetida.
AB  - Sectioned dorsal giant fibers of the earthworm Eisenia foetida have been studied
      with the electron microscope. The giant axon is surrounded by a Schwannian sheath
      in which the lamellae are arranged spirally. They can be traced from the outer
      surface of the Schwann cell to the axon-Schwann membranes. Irregularities in the
      spiral arrangement are frequently observed. Desmosome-like attachment areas occur
      on the giant fiber nerve sheath. These structures appear to be arranged
      bilaterally in columns which are oriented slightly obliquely to the long axis of
      the giant fiber and aligned linearly from the axon to the periphery of the
      sheath. At these sites they bind together apposing portions of Schwann cell
      membrane comprising the sheath. Longitudinal or oblique sections of the nerve
      sheath attachment areas are reminiscent of the Schmidt-Lantermann clefts of
      vertebrate peripheral nerve. Septa of the giant fibers have been examined. They
      are symmetrical or non-polarized and consist of the two plasma membranes of
      adjacent nerve units. Characteristic vesicular and tubular structures are
      associated with both cytoplasmic surfaces of these septa.

PMID- 13673049
TI  - Intercellular bridges as protoplasmic anastomoses between smooth muscle cells.
AB  - In electron microscopic studies, protoplasmic anastomoses were found to occur
      between smooth muscle cells in the gastrointestinal tracts of rats. The
      protoplasmic connections are apparently cylindrical in form and contain cytoplasm
      having a density similar to that of the cellular regions connected. The membranes
      enclosing the cytoplasmic connections are continuous with the membranes of the
      connected cells. These connecting structures have been called intercellular
      bridges, which is adequately descriptive if emphasis is placed on the
      interpretation that they represent protoplasmic anastomoses. To emphasize this,
      the term may be modified; i.e., anastomotic intercellular bridges. In some
      cellular connections, transverse diffuse lines are seen. These may be interpreted
      as either disintegrating or reforming plasma membranes which is consistent with
      the concept that protoplasmic continuity is transitory. Since the animals were
      dissected under hypothermia, reduction of muscular activity by the chilling may
      have helped to preserve the structure of existing anastomotic intercellular
      bridges. The intercellular protoplasmic anastomoses may play a role in the
      conduction of action potentials from one smooth muscle cell to another.

PMID- 13673050
TI  - Electron microscope studies of the human epidermis; the cell boundaries and
      topography of the stratum malpighii.
AB  - The thin skin of the left upper quadrant of the human abdomen has been studied by
      electron microscopy. Tissue removed with a high speed rotary punch was fixed in
      osmium tetroxide or potassium permanganate. The latter fixative in our
      preparations is superior to osmium for the demonstration of epidermal cell
      membranes and certain other membranous structures of the epidermis. The
      cytoplasmic membranes of basal cells and cells of the stratum granulosum have
      been found to be relatively straight, while those of most spinous cells are
      sharply scalloped. The deep cells of the stratum spinosum in the rete ridge area
      show cell membranes and cytoplasmic structure intermediate between true basal
      cells and most cells of the stratum spinosum. The extracellular material of the
      desmosome has been found to consist of alternate dark and light laminae similar
      to those described by Odland (13) and Horstmann and Knoop (7).

PMID- 13673051
TI  - Reticular and areticular Nissl bodies in sympathetic neurons of a lizard.
AB  - Sympathetic ganglia of the horned lizard, Phrynosoma cornutum, were fixed in
      OsO(4) and imbedded in methacrylate. Thin sections were cut for electron
      microscopy. Some adjacent thick sections were cut for light microscopy and were
      stained in acidified, dilute thionine both before and after digestion by RNase.
      In the light microscope two types of Nissl bodies are found, both removable by
      RNase: (1) a deep, diffuse, indistinctly bounded, metachromatic variety, and (2)
      a superficial, dense, sharply delimited, orthochromatic sort. Electron
      microscopically, the former ("reticular" Nissl bodies) corresponds to the
      granulated endoplasmic reticular structure of Nissl material previously described
      by others, whereas the latter ("areticular" Nissl bodies) comprises compact
      masses of particles of varying internal density and devoid of elements of
      endoplasmic reticulum. The constituent particles of the areticular Nissl material
      are 4 to 8 x the diameter of single ribonucleoprotein granules of the reticular
      Nissl substance and seem, near zones of junction with the reticular type, to
      arise by clustering of such granules with subsequent partial dispersion of the
      substance of the granules into an added, less dense material. It is suggested
      that the observed orthochromasia of the areticular Nissl substance is due to
      accumulation of a large amount of protein bound to RNA and, further, that these
      Nissl bodies may represent storage depots of RNA and protein.

PMID- 13673052
TI  - Mitochondria. I. Fine structure of the complex patterns in the mitochondria of
      Pelomyxa carolinensis Wilson (Chaos chaos L.).
AB  - Some of the mitochondria in the free-living giant ameba Pelomyxa carolinensis
      (Chaos chaos) exhibit unusual and strikingly complex morphological patterns. A
      study of serial sections of these mitochondria reveals that the patterns are
      formed by the organization and packing of minute villi (cristae mitochondriales).
      The form of the individual villus is a regular soft zigzag (or wave) with a
      bulbous enlargement at each point of inflection ("elbow") on the wave. The
      pattern of the mitochondria may become increasingly complex as a result of
      branching and fusing of the wavy villi. Densely packed fibrillar material is
      sometimes present in the stroma of the mitochondria.

PMID- 13673053
TI  - Mitochondria. II. The nuclear-mitochondrial relationship in Pelomyxa carolinensis
      Wilson (Chaos chaos L.).
AB  - This study has demonstrated that in the ameba, Pelomyxa carolinensis Wilson
      (Chaos chaos L.) the limiting membranes of mitochondria and postdivision nuclei
      are often continuous. The morphological relationship may be functional in that it
      permits an exchange of material resulting directly or indirectly in an increased
      enzyme content of the mitochondria. It is suggested that through a series of
      progressive foldings of its envelope, the nucleus may be a site of formation of
      mitochondria.

PMID- 13673054
TI  - Electron microscope study of lens fibers.
AB  - Comparative electron microscope investigations on sections of the lens cortex of
      the normal, mature rat, rabbit, monkey, and the normal calf reveal similar
      patterns of intracellular organization. The superficial lens fiber contains a
      nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, dense granules, Golgi complex, and
      a quantity of small structures of low opacity which appear as filamentous and
      spherical configurations. Variations in number, distribution, and spatial
      arrangement of cytoplasmic elements in lens fibers are described. These changes
      in the pattern of cytoplasmic organization are concomitant with development of
      fibers and their displacement towards the center of the lens. Structural details
      of the various zones of the lens epithelium and the lens fibers are compared.

PMID- 13673055
TI  - Phagotrophy and two new structures in the malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei.
AB  - Blood collected from rats infected with Plasmodium berghei was centrifuged and
      the pellet was fixed for 1 hour in 1 per cent buffered OsO(4) with 4.9 per cent
      sucrose. The material was embedded in n-butyl methacrylate and the resulting
      blocks sectioned for electron microscopy. The parasites were found to contain, in
      almost all sections, oval bodies of the same density and structure as the host
      cytoplasm. Continuity between these bodies and the host cytoplasm was found in a
      number of electron micrographs, showing that the bodies are formed by
      invagination of the double plasma membrane of the parasite. In this way the host
      cell is incorporated by phagotrophy into food vacuoles within the parasite.
      Hematin, the residue of hemoglobin digestion, was never observed inside the food
      vacuole but in small vesicles lying around it and sometimes connected with it.
      The vesicles are pinched off from the food vacuole proper and are the site of
      hemoglobin digestion. The active double limiting membrane is responsible not only
      for the formation of food vacuoles but also for the presence of two new
      structures. One is composed of two to six concentric double wavy membranes
      originating from the plasma membrane. Since no typical mitochondria were found in
      P. berghei, it is assumed that the concentric structure performs mitochondrial
      functions. The other structure appears as a sausage-shaped vacuole surrounded by
      two membranes of the same thickness, density, and spacing as the limiting
      membrane of the body. The cytoplasm of the parasite is rich in vesicles of
      endoplasmic reticulum and Palade's small particles. Its nucleus is of low density
      and encased in a double membrane. The host cells (reticulocytes) have
      mitochondria with numerous cristae mitochondriales. In many infected and intact
      reticulocytes ferritin was found in vacuoles, mitochondria, canaliculi, or
      scattered in the cytoplasm.

PMID- 13673056
TI  - zeta-Collidine as a basis for buffering fixatives.

PMID- 13673057
TI  - An improved grid-holder for the Siemens electron microscope.

PMID- 13673058
TI  - The nuclear envelope after KMnO4 fixation.

PMID- 13673059
TI  - The histochemical demonstration of secretory capillaries in the pancreas with the
      aid of substrate specific phosphatases.

PMID- 13673060
TI  - Electron microscopy of neuroglial fibrils of the cerebral cortex.

PMID- 13673061
TI  - Electron microscope and x-ray diffraction studies of a saturated synthetic
      phospholipide.

PMID- 13673062
TI  - The preparation of carbon films for electron microscopy.

PMID- 13673063
TI  - The fine structure of an elementary contractile system.

PMID- 13673064
TI  - Electron microscopy of two subcellular fractions isolated from cerebral cortex
      homogenate.

PMID- 13673065
TI  - Fine structure of the retina in the reptilian third eye.

PMID- 13673066
TI  - An autoradiographic demonstration of the effect of the corneal epithelium on
      amino acid incorporation into the insoluble constituents of the corneal stroma.

PMID- 13673067
TI  - The proximal tubule cell in experimental hydronephrosis.

PMID- 13673068
TI  - Technique for dissection and measurement of refractive index of osteones.

PMID- 13673069
TI  - [Developmental abnormalities of aortic arches].

PMID- 13673070
TI  - [Intraepithelial epithelioma of uterine cervix].

PMID- 13673071
TI  - [Perforations during barium enema].

PMID- 13673072
TI  - [Technic for re-establishment of the biliary tract towards the stomach].

PMID- 13673073
TI  - [Anastomosis of the superior vena cava & the right pulmonary artery].

PMID- 13673074
TI  - [Case report of primary hydatid cyst with multiple localizations].

PMID- 13673076
TI  - Congenital malformations in the past.

PMID- 13673075
TI  - [Report on current therapy of hip arthroses].

PMID- 13673077
TI  - Causes of congenital malformations in human beings.

PMID- 13673078
TI  - Experimental studies on congenital malformations.

PMID- 13673079
TI  - Surgical treatment of birth defects involving the central nervous system.

PMID- 13673080
TI  - The problem of congenital malformations; general consideration.

PMID- 13673081
TI  - The rehabilitation potential of patients in chronic disease institutions.

PMID- 13673082
TI  - Some comments on the rehabilitation potential of patients in chronic disease
      institutions.

PMID- 13673083
TI  - Ammonia as a source of gastric hypoacidity in patients with uremia.

PMID- 13673084
TI  - Evidence that a humoral agent stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete
      aldosterone in experimental secondary hyperaldosteronism.

PMID- 13673085
TI  - Transcortin: a corticosteroid-binding protein of plasma. II. Levels in various
      conditions and the effects of estrogens.

PMID- 13673086
TI  - Study of the paradoxical effects of salicylate in low, intermediate and high
      dosage on the renal mechanisms for excretion of urate in man.

PMID- 13673087
TI  - A correlation of clinical and hemodynamic studies in patients with
      hyperthyroidism with and without congestive heart failure.

PMID- 13673088
TI  - Evaluation of nicotinic acid as an hypocholesteremic and anti-atherogenic
      substance.

PMID- 13673089
TI  - The relation of plasma and biliary cholesterol to bile acid synthesis in man.

PMID- 13673090
TI  - The efficiency of ventilation during voluntary hyperpnea: studies in normal
      subjects and in dyspneic patients with either chronic pulmonary emphysema or
      obesity.

PMID- 13673091
TI  - Combined drug treatment of tuberculosis. I. Prevention of emergence of mutant
      populations of tubercle bacilli resistant to both streptomycin and isoniazid in
      vitro.

PMID- 13673092
TI  - Combined drug treatment of tuberculosis. II. Studies of antimicrobially-active
      isoniazid and streptomycin serum levels in adult tuberculous patients.

PMID- 13673093
TI  - Combined drug treatment of tuberculosis. III. Clinical application of the
      principles of appropriate and adequate chemotherapy to the treatment of pulmonary
      tuberculosis.

PMID- 13673094
TI  - Combined drug treatment of tuberculosis. IV. Bacteriologic studies on the sputum
      and resected pulmonary lesions of tuberculous patients.

PMID- 13673095
TI  - Dietary fats and the diurnal serum triglyceride levels in man.

PMID- 13673096
TI  - The effect of 6-mercaptopurine on primary and secondary immune responses.

PMID- 13673097
TI  - Ion association. III. The effect of sulfate infusion on calcium excretion.

PMID- 13673098
TI  - Observations on double albumin: a genetically transmitted serum protein anomaly.

PMID- 13673099
TI  - Human pantothenic acid deficiency produced by omega-methyl pantothenic acid.

PMID- 13673100
TI  - The biliary excretion of sulfobromophthalein sodium (BSP) in the rat as a
      conjugate of glycine and glutamic acid.

PMID- 13673101
TI  - Hepatic metabolism of cholesterol in experimental nephrosis in rats.

PMID- 13673102
TI  - Aldosterone excretion in virilizing adrenal hyperplasia.

PMID- 13673103
TI  - Normal concentrations of some trace metals in human urine: changes produced by
      ethylenediaminetetraacetate.

PMID- 13673104
TI  - Absence of deficits in taste discrimination following cortical lesions as a
      function of the amount of preoperative practice.

PMID- 13673105
TI  - The relative taste effectiveness of different sugars for the rat.

PMID- 13673106
TI  - Early experience and taste aversion.

PMID- 13673107
TI  - The effect of lesions of the superior colliculus on brightness and pattern
      discriminations in the cat.

PMID- 13673108
TI  - Factors influencing identification of the handedness area in the cerebral cortex
      of the rat.

PMID- 13673109
TI  - Stability of EEG activity and manifest anxiety.

PMID- 13673110
TI  - The effect of peripherally induced shifts in water balance on eating.

PMID- 13673111
TI  - Resistance to extinction following cranial self-stimulation.

PMID- 13673112
TI  - The effect of inherited differences in emotional reactivity on a measure of
      intelligence in the rat.

PMID- 13673113
TI  - Studies in experimental behavior genetics. II. Individual differences in geotaxis
      as a function of chromosome variations in synthesized Drosophila populations.

PMID- 13673114
TI  - Somatic activity under reduced stimulation.

PMID- 13673115
TI  - Methodological study of vasomotor conditioning in human subjects.

PMID- 13673116
TI  - The effect of chlorpromazine on the brightness discrimination of rats with habits
      and fixations.

PMID- 13673117
TI  - Response shift as a function of overtraining and delay.

PMID- 13673118
TI  - Novelty learning sets in rhesus monkeys.

PMID- 13673119
TI  - Memory for object discriminations in the rhesus monkey.

PMID- 13673120
TI  - Transfer relations in discrimination learning by cats.

PMID- 13673121
TI  - Acquired distinctiveness of form stimuli.

PMID- 13673122
TI  - Discrimination learning as a function of the probability of reinforcement.

PMID- 13673124
TI  - Choice behavior and differential response strength in discrimination reversal
      learning.

PMID- 13673123
TI  - Conditional discrimination in a runway situation.

PMID- 13673125
TI  - Sustained performance in rats based on secondary reinforcement.

PMID- 13673126
TI  - Changes in Sd and Sdelta rates during the development of an operant
      discrimination.

PMID- 13673127
TI  - Response decrement in visual exploratory behavior.

PMID- 13673128
TI  - The relative importance of experimenter contact in an effect produced by extra
      stimulation in infancy.

PMID- 13673129
TI  - Social conditioning in rats.

PMID- 13673130
TI  - Modification of social rank in the domestic fowl.

PMID- 13673131
TI  - Factors influencing aggregation of neonatal puppies.

PMID- 13673132
TI  - The renal lesions of electrolyte imbalance. II. The combined effect on renal
      architecture of phosphate loading and potassium depletion.
AB  - Potassium depletion in rats augments the specific renal lesions of phosphate
      loading. Since it has been shown that phosphate loading increases the specific
      cardiac lesions of potassium deficiency (12), it is concluded that the similar
      types of electrolyte imbalance (potassium depletion-phosphate load) act
      conversely in the two organs.

PMID- 13673133
TI  - Chromatographic studies of the rheumatoid factor.
AB  - Serum and serum fractions from patients with rheumatoid arthritis have been
      subjected to anion exchange chromatography on diethylaminoethyl cellulose. The
      rheumatoid factor activity was clearly separated from the bulk of the gamma
      globulin by virtue of the anomalous behavior of macroglobulins on this column.
      Purification of rheumatoid factor by precipitation with fraction II, resolution
      in 4 M urea, and two successive fractionations on an anion exchanger yielded a
      highly active preparation consisting of approximately 95 per cent 19S gamma
      globulin with no detectable amount of 7S contaminant. Evidence was obtained for
      the existence of two factors by cation exchange chromatography (carboxymethyl
      cellulose) of rheumatoid serum and of macroglobulin previously separated by anion
      exchange chromatography. One factor (factor I) agglutinated sensitized sheep
      cells and latex particles and also precipitated with human fraction II. The
      second (factor II) agglutinated latex partides and precipitated with fraction II
      but did not agglutinate sensitized sheep cells. A substance with the properties
      of factor II was demonstrated in two of four normal sera by cation exchange
      chromatography. It was suggested that the agglutination of latex particles and
      precipitation with human fraction II, observed in the case of certain abnormal
      sera, may be due to elevated concentrations of factor II.

PMID- 13673134
TI  - A study of the distribution of 2,4-dinitrobenzene sensitizers between isolated
      lymph node cells and extracellular medium in relation to induction of contact
      skin sensitivity.
AB  - Although induction of contact skin sensitivity by low molecular weight 2,4
      dinitrobenzenes requires the formation in vivo of 2,4-dinitrophenyl-proteins,
      analogous protein conjugates prepared in vitro are unable to induce this
      hypersensitive state. Low molecular weight 2,4-dinitrobenzenes are concentrated
      by isolated lymph node cells, but a representative 2,4-dinitrophenyl-protein
      conjugate (2,4-dinitrophenyl-bovine serum albumin) was not taken up to a
      detectable extent by these cells. It is inferred that there exist large
      quantitative differences in the extent to which dinitrophenyl-proteins are
      localized within cells following the administration to an intact animal of (a)
      those simple dinitrobenzenes which are both concentrated by lymph node cells and
      have the capacity to form protein conjugates in vivo, and (b) 2,4-dinitrophenyl
      protein conjugates prepared in vitro. It is suggested that this difference could
      account for the fact that a varietyof 2,4-dinitrophenyl-proteins prepared in
      vitro are unable to induce contact skin sensitivity.

PMID- 13673135
TI  - The effect of antigenic stimulation on incorporation of phosphate and methionine
      into proteins of isolated lymph node cells.
AB  - Isolated lymph node cells incorporate inorganic orthophosphate into a protein
      fraction. The phosphorylated product is a phosphoprotein. The rate of phosphate
      incorporation into phosphoprotein was determined in cells isolated from regional
      lymph nodes at varying times after antigen injection. The rate was unaltered on
      the 3rd day, but was enhanced on the 4th day after injection. Parallel results
      were obtained with L-methionine incorporation into the same gross protein
      fraction. Possible relationships between antibody formation and the observed
      enhancement in phosphate incorporation into phosphoprotein are discussed.

PMID- 13673136
TI  - [Origin of anti-human blood group B agglutinins in white Leghorn chicks].
AB  - While anti-human blood group B agglutinins are present in the majority of
      ordinary White Leghorn chicks by the age of 30 days, none could be demonstrated
      in germfree chicks up to the age of 60 days. Anti-B agglutinins in trace amounts
      were first found in germfree chicks 66 days old and increased to an average titer
      of about 1:2 by 91 days of age. This titer amounts to about 10 per cent of that
      found in ordinary chicks. The appearance of antibody in low titer is attributed
      to trace amounts of non-living antigenic contaminants penetrating the germfree
      barrier. The necessity of appropriate absorption in order to obtain well defined
      specificities was pointed out. Several means commonly used to differentiate
      between normal and immune antibodies were employed in this investigation. None
      showed a difference between anti-B agglutinins from ordinary chicks and from
      germfree chicks intentionally immunized with blood group B active E. coli O(86)
      or with B active preparations from human meconium. The implications of these
      findings on the origin of natural agglutinins are discussed. It is concluded,
      that measurable anti-human blood group B agglutinins in White Leghorn chicks are
      acquired early in life and are not inherited. The possibilities as well as
      limitations of present day germfree technique for this kind of immunological
      research have been considered.

PMID- 13673137
TI  - The streptokinase-plasminogen system. I. Its effect on the pathogenicity of
      streptococci and other organisms for mice.
AB  - Human plasminogen, plasma, or serum increased the pathogenicity of six
      streptokinase-positive streptococcal strains for mice. Combinations of commercial
      streptokinase and plasminogen or streptokinase and plasma did not usually
      increase mouse mortality to a greater degree than did plasminogen or plasma
      alone, suggesting that the maximal effective amount of streptokinase was produced
      by the organisms. The pathogenicity of Salmonella paratyphi (fibrinolysin
      variable) and a Group D streptococcus (streptokinase-negative) was not increased
      by plasminogen, plasma, or streptokinase, whereas a combination of streptokinase
      and plasminogen, or streptokinase and plasma did significantly increase mouse
      mortality resulting from these organisms. Combinations of certain concentrations
      of streptokinase and plasminogen increased the pathogenicity of a fibrinolysin
      negative staphylococcal strain for mice to a greater extent than did either
      substance alone. The observed results provide evidence that streptokinase, by an
      interaction with plasminogen, contributes to the pathogenicity of streptokinase
      positive streptococci.

PMID- 13673138
TI  - Investigations concerning the changes in serum proteins during immunization; the
      cause of hypoalbuminemia with high gamma globulin values.
AB  - On hyperimmunization of rabbits with pneumococcal vaccine, increase in the
      content of gamma globulin and fall of albumin in the serum are produced. In such
      hyperimmunized rabbits, investigations of the plasma volume, albumin degradation,
      and the distribution of the albumin intra- and extravascularly were undertaken by
      Sterling's method employing rabbit albumin labelled with I(131). The
      investigations do not suggest any significant alteration in the albumin
      degradation nor in the distribution between the intra- and extravascular albumin.
      It was demonstrated that the plasma volume increases simultaneously with increase
      in the gamma globulin and fall in albumin. It is concluded that the fall in serum
      albumin observed is due to a regulative mechanism which attempts to maintain the
      colloid-osmotic pressure by increasing the plasma volume.

PMID- 13673139
TI  - Persistence of type-specific antibodies in man following infection with group A
      streptococci.
AB  - Whole blood or sera were collected from individuals who had had infections with
      Group A streptococci of known serological type as long ago as 10 to 32 years.
      Most of these patients had not been treated with chemotherapeutic drugs. By means
      of bactericidal tests with all these sera, and mouse protection tests with some,
      type-specific antibodies could be demonstrated in at least half of them after a
      lapse of many years, the longest interval being 32 years. Two biological methods
      for estimating the amount of M antigen produced by Group A streptococci are
      described. By selecting strains for use by these methods, optimal proportions of
      M antigen and antibody could be employed in the tests and small amounts of
      antibody were, therefore, demonstrable. The assay methods for M antigen are also
      of value for other experimental purposes.

PMID- 13673140
TI  - The effects of bacterial endotoxin on lipide metabolism. I. The responses of the
      serum lipides of rabbits to single and repeated injections of Shear's
      polysaccharide.
AB  - Single intravenous injections of Shear's polysaccharide in varying dosages
      invariably produced an elevation in the levels of the total serum lipides 24
      hours after injection of endotoxin. The total serum cholesterol and lipide
      phosphorus were also affected, although they did not change with smaller doses of
      endotoxin and were rarely elevated to the same degree as were the total serum
      lipides. The degree of elevation of the serum lipides was apparently related to
      the amount of endotoxin injected up to a certain point, beyond which there was no
      further increase. There were two types of response to endotoxin by the serum
      lipides, a moderate increase and an uncontrolled increase. Higher dosages of
      endotoxin and fasting apparently increased the incidence of the latter response.
      No direct correlation could be made between serum lipide responses and histologic
      evidence typical of the generalized Shwartzman reaction following this regimen of
      endotoxin injection. The Shwartzman reaction did occur with greater frequency and
      with lower dosages of endotoxin in fasted animals. Animals given repeated
      injections of endotoxin showed an initial increase in serum lipides followed by a
      progressive decrease to normal levels as tolerance to the febrile action of
      endotoxin appeared. The febrile tolerance as well as the unresponsiveness of the
      serum lipides to endotoxin was abolished by thorium dioxide (thorotrast) in these
      animals. In similar experiments a "breakthrough" of lipide unresponsiveness to
      endotoxin was obtained by increasing the amount of endotoxin injected. Some of
      the implications of these results for the metabolic alterations produced by
      bacterial endotoxins are discussed.

PMID- 13673142
TI  - A.M.A. reorganization, its real significance.

PMID- 13673141
TI  - Studies on the mechanism of hypersensitivity phenomena. III. The participation of
      complement in the formation of anaphylatoxin.
AB  - The interaction of fresh rat and guinea pig serum with washed preformed immune
      aggregates has been studied with respect to the loss in hemolytic potency of the
      serum, diminution of the C'(3); activity, and appearance of anaphylatoxin. It has
      been found that the formation of anaphylatoxin, as judged by its effect on
      capillary permeability and smooth muscle contraction, is coincident with or
      subsequent to the fixation of all the known C' components. Less anaphylatoxin is
      formed by aggregates formed with excess antigen than those in equivalence ratio
      combination. C' fixation, as well as anaphylatoxin production, may be inhibited
      by chelation of the divalent cations, presumably by interfering with the fixation
      of C'(1), C'(4), and C'(2). Phlorizin suppresses the utilization of C'(3) in
      immune hemolysis, C' fixation by antigen-antibody aggregates, and the production
      of anaphylatoxin. The biological activities associated with the fixation of C'
      are not manifest unless C'(3) participates in this process at 37 degrees C. It is
      concluded that the formation of anaphylatoxin may be regarded as a product of C'
      fixation.

PMID- 13673144
TI  - Myasthenia gravis. II.

PMID- 13673143
TI  - Comparative oral glucose and fructose tolerance tests in normal subjects and in
      diabetic patients.

PMID- 13673145
TI  - An evaluation of Blue Shield.

PMID- 13673146
TI  - Self-confidence, ability, and the interest-value of tasks.

PMID- 13673147
TI  - Comparing the effectiveness of the ego-strength Q-sort test by use of R-and Q
      methodologies.

PMID- 13673148
TI  - A developmental analysis of proverb interpretations.

PMID- 13673149
TI  - Anxiety reduction and novelty as goals of visual exploration by monkeys.

PMID- 13673150
TI  - Behavior of the opossum in the Fink arrow maze.

PMID- 13673151
TI  - The effects of long-term hospitalization or institutionalization upon the
      language development of children.

PMID- 13673152
TI  - The relation between pre-irradiation volitional activity and post-irradiation
      death order in the rat.

PMID- 13673153
TI  - Parallel observations on avoidance behavior and endocrine response under
      reserpine.

PMID- 13673154
TI  - Conceptual block sorting as a function of number, pattern of assignment, and
      strength of labeling responses.

PMID- 13673155
TI  - Infantile illness and subsequent mental and emotional development.

PMID- 13673156
TI  - Immanent justice in children: a review of the literature and additional data.

PMID- 13673157
TI  - The influence of auditory stimulation on aniseikonic perception. II. and III.
      Business school women and college women.

PMID- 13673159
TI  - The function of verbal labels in the discrimination of subtle stimulus
      differences.

PMID- 13673158
TI  - Rorschach indices of developmental level.

PMID- 13673160
TI  - [Preliminary demonstration of a histological phenomenon on the cytoarchitectonic
      area edges].

PMID- 13673161
TI  - [Cell thickness in schizophrenics and clinically healthy subjects; a quantitative
      morphological study on the human thalamus].

PMID- 13673162
TI  - A study of the aetiological factors in carcinoma of cervix uteri in Guntur.

PMID- 13673163
TI  - The bioassay of corticotrophin.

PMID- 13673164
TI  - The oral treatment of diabetes mellitus with N-(4-methylbenzene-sulphonyl)-N
      butyl urea (D860).

PMID- 13673165
TI  - Laryngitis in pulmonary tuberculosis.

PMID- 13673166
TI  - Pemphigus.

PMID- 13673168
TI  - OVER 65 HEALTH care financing; a community problem.

PMID- 13673167
TI  - Pseudohaemophilia (von Willebrand's disease).

PMID- 13673169
TI  - The advantages of the American free enterprise system.

PMID- 13673170
TI  - Esophageal obstruction due to anomalous right subclavian artery.

PMID- 13673171
TI  - Drug absorption and elimination as guide to rational therapy in bronchial asthma.

PMID- 13673172
TI  - Silent myocardial infarction.

PMID- 13673173
TI  - The allergy clinic at the Methodist Hospital: our first year.

PMID- 13673174
TI  - Clinical evaluation of a new muscle relaxant (chlormethazanone).

PMID- 13673176
TI  - The human side of science.

PMID- 13673175
TI  - An antibiosis study of Aspergillus flavus-oryzae.

PMID- 13673177
TI  - The calibrated papillosphincterotomy as a factor of success in the surgical
      treatment of anatomic and functional disturbances of Oddi's sphincter:
      standardized technic.

PMID- 13673178
TI  - Abdominoperineal resection with ligation of the hypogastric arteries.

PMID- 13673179
TI  - Total gastrectomy.

PMID- 13673180
TI  - Hernia in infants.

PMID- 13673181
TI  - Hypernephroma of horseshoe kidney.

PMID- 13673182
TI  - Traumatic cord bladder and its management.

PMID- 13673183
TI  - Sterility in women.

PMID- 13673184
TI  - Hyphema headaches.

PMID- 13673185
TI  - Comminuted fractures of the acetabulum: central dislocation of the femoral head.

PMID- 13673186
TI  - Complications of malignant disease: surgical management of the left side of the
      colon and rectum.

PMID- 13673187
TI  - Angiographic aspects of disease of the thyroid an evaluation of subclavian
      retrograde arteriographic procedures as a means of clinical study.

PMID- 13673188
TI  - Surgical thought and practice in ancient Greece and Rome.

PMID- 13673189
TI  - Application of the Roux en Y anastomosis to diseases of the pancreas.

PMID- 13673190
TI  - Monoblock resection for carcinoma; total thoracic esophagectomy, gastrectomy,
      splenectomy and pancreatectomy; construction of new esophagus from transverse
      portion of colon; two operative stages in one.

PMID- 13673191
TI  - Mechanical intestinal obstruction and ileus: use of procaine hydrochloride in
      differential diagnosis and as a therapeutic agent.

PMID- 13673192
TI  - A seriography for angiographic study of the limbs.

PMID- 13673193
TI  - Physiology of the scrotum. Hydrocele formation; 17-ketosteroids in hydrocele
      fluid.

PMID- 13673194
TI  - Pneumoencephalographic study with helium and with minimal withdrawal of
      cerebrospinal fluid.

PMID- 13673195
TI  - Acute carcinomatosis.

PMID- 13673196
TI  - Cesarean section and ureterolithotomy; report of case.

PMID- 13673197
TI  - Stress fractures of the tibia; analysis of thirty-five cases.

PMID- 13673198
TI  - New concepts in the treatment of carcinoma of the thyroid.

PMID- 13673199
TI  - [Urinary complications of the Meigs operation].

PMID- 13673200
TI  - [Surgical treatment of severe retinosis].

PMID- 13673201
TI  - [Foreign bodies in the female genitourinary tract].

PMID- 13673202
TI  - The surgeon in the invisible world: microbiology and immunology.

PMID- 13673203
TI  - Some observations on peripheral blood flow during administration of ethylene
      diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA).

PMID- 13673204
TI  - Nutritional studies on Cladosporium wernecki.

PMID- 13673205
TI  - The effect of ACTH and hydrocortisone on the human sebaceous gland.

PMID- 13673206
TI  - Measurement of the effect of topical antipruritic agents on experimentally
      induced pruritus.

PMID- 13673207
TI  - The effects of sugar deprivation on the anti-fungal properties of asterol; an in
      vitro study.

PMID- 13673208
TI  - Isolation of Microsporum distortum from a human case.

PMID- 13673209
TI  - Contact dermatitis to phenothiazine drugs.

PMID- 13673210
TI  - Exile for the elderly.

PMID- 13673211
TI  - An eye conservation program for large and small industry.

PMID- 13673212
TI  - IOWA INDUSTRIAL health survey, 1957-1958, by the Committee on Industrial Health
      of the Iowa State Medical Society.

PMID- 13673213
TI  - Diagnosis of malignancy of the prostate with needle biopsy.

PMID- 13673214
TI  - The use of antibiotics in non-bacterial diseases.

PMID- 13673215
TI  - Blue Shield states its case: benefits of the respective policies.

PMID- 13673216
TI  - Atrial septal defects; direct closure utilizing hypothermia.

PMID- 13673217
TI  - Frontiers in prepayment; the future of health insurance.

PMID- 13673218
TI  - Acoustically handicapped children; a ten year summary of the Kansas Institute for
      Parents and their acoustically handicapped children.

PMID- 13673219
TI  - Tuberculosis in Kansas. II. Steps in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary
      tuberculosis.

PMID- 13673220
TI  - Leukemia; the virus theory of its etiology.

PMID- 13673221
TI  - Practical aspects of the management of urinary-tract infections.

PMID- 13673223
TI  - Peripheral nerve injuries.

PMID- 13673222
TI  - Tumor immunity and tissue transplantation.

PMID- 13673224
TI  - Fluoroscopy and radiography of the chest.

PMID- 13673225
TI  - Erythema nodosum.

PMID- 13673226
TI  - Neglected hearing in children.

PMID- 13673227
TI  - Trichomonas vaginitis and trichomoniasis.

PMID- 13673228
TI  - A procedure to prevent postpartum cervical erosion.

PMID- 13673229
TI  - Sidney A. Slater.

PMID- 13673230
TI  - Current status of surgical treatment for peptic ulcer.

PMID- 13673231
TI  - Current or changing concepts in anticholinergic therapy in duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 13673232
TI  - Vulvar Clinic at Tulane.

PMID- 13673233
TI  - Griseofulvin-twentieth century wonder drug of dermatology.

PMID- 13673234
TI  - Benign encapsulated neurilemmoma (schwannoma) of the brachial plexus; report of a
      case.

PMID- 13673235
TI  - The quieting effect of meprobamate-sparine on psychotic patients.

PMID- 13673236
TI  - A survey of 102 patients with bronchogenic carcinoma at the Togus Veterans
      Administration Center.

PMID- 13673237
TI  - Disseminated lupus erythematosus versus drug reaction; report of a case receiving
      chlorpromazine.

PMID- 13673238
TI  - A study of delrium tremens with review of cases.

PMID- 13673239
TI  - Western Maine Sanatorium closes.

PMID- 13673240
TI  - Gonorrhea as an increasing problem.

PMID- 13673241
TI  - [Is medicine leading to humanism].

PMID- 13673242
TI  - [Metabolism of ammonia & its disorders during states of shock].

PMID- 13673243
TI  - [Tricuspid atresia & its surgical treatment].

PMID- 13673244
TI  - [Treatment of acute pleuropulmonary diseases by a long-acting sulfamide: Ro 4
      0517].

PMID- 13673245
TI  - [Clinical trial of neomycin hydrocortisone].

PMID- 13673246
TI  - [Constrictive calcareous pericarditis & aortic insufficiency].

PMID- 13673247
TI  - [Diagnostic & therapeutic considerations concerning a case of panhemocytopenia].

PMID- 13673248
TI  - [Does there exist a chronic bacillary septicemia? A clinical case report].

PMID- 13673249
TI  - [Tetracynoleandomycin, combination with wide spectrum].

PMID- 13673250
TI  - [Risk of pulmonary tuberculosis becoming a chronic disease of lasting
      contagiousness].

PMID- 13673251
TI  - [Cells of the alveolar wall].

PMID- 13673252
TI  - [Neocavities of alveolar & bronchial origin caused by lesional modifications of
      tuber culous antibiotherapy; rehabilitation of the pulmonary alveolus].

PMID- 13673253
TI  - [Angiopneumography & vascular disorders during pulmonary emphysema].

PMID- 13673254
TI  - [Oral corticotherapy, often ineffective & sometimes dangerous medication in
      tuberculous pleurisy].

PMID- 13673255
TI  - [Hommage paid at Bordeaux, March 4th, 1959, to the memory of Professor Ferdinand
      Piechaud].

PMID- 13673257
TI  - [Intravenous terramycin in dermatology; 2-years experience based on 171 cases].

PMID- 13673256
TI  - [Significance of a synthetic new vaso-dilator Caa-40 in the treatment of chronic
      leg ulcers].

PMID- 13673258
TI  - [Is the irradiation occurring in the radiological examination of the female
      genitalia dangerous].

PMID- 13673259
TI  - [Treatment of facial paralysis caused by exposure to cold].

PMID- 13673260
TI  - [Peritoneal glucose dialysis in the treatment of refractory cardiac ede ma;
      report on 3 new cases].

PMID- 13673261
TI  - [The state of the heart in the course of diffuse ulcerocaseous pulmonary
      tuberculosis; anatomo-clinical aspects of 15 cases].

PMID- 13673262
TI  - Institutionalized cretins in the state of Michigan.

PMID- 13673263
TI  - Metabolic aspects of the aging process.

PMID- 13673265
TI  - Fractures of the femur.

PMID- 13673264
TI  - The present status of intervertebral disc surgery.

PMID- 13673266
TI  - Estrogen therapy of acne.

PMID- 13673267
TI  - L. FERNALD FOSTER.

PMID- 13673268
TI  - A cyto-pathologic study of tobacco tar-induced lesions of uterine cervix of
      mouse.

PMID- 13673269
TI  - Correlation between Yoshida sarcoma and human neoplastic disease in cancer
      chemotherapy studies.

PMID- 13673270
TI  - Transplantation of homologous and heterologous lymphoid cells in x-irradiated and
      non-irradiated mice.

PMID- 13673271
TI  - The pathogenesis of the secondary disease after foreign bone marrow
      transplantation in x-irradiated mice.

PMID- 13673272
TI  - Mammary tumors and mammary-gland development in virgin mice of strains C3H, RIII,
      and their F1 hybrids.

PMID- 13673273
TI  - Immunogenetic studies on x-irradiated mice treated with hematopoietic cells and
      grafted with tumor tissues.

PMID- 13673274
TI  - Immunogenetic changes induced in tumors grown in radiation chimeras.

PMID- 13673275
TI  - b-Bis (chloroethyl) aminouracil, a new antitumor agent.

PMID- 13673276
TI  - Biologic studies on the development of DON resistance in a mast-cell neoplasm of
      the mouse.

PMID- 13673277
TI  - Virus of avian myeloblastosis. XII. Chemical constitution.

PMID- 13673278
TI  - Ultrastructure of avian myeloblasts in tissue culture.

PMID- 13673279
TI  - General physiology and pharmacology of synapses and some implications for the
      mammalian central nervous system.

PMID- 13673280
TI  - Neuromyositis.

PMID- 13673281
TI  - The value of photic stimulation in the diagnosis of epilepsy.

PMID- 13673282
TI  - Studies on human saliva: a tyramine-like component and its response to autonomic
      stimulation.

PMID- 13673283
TI  - Psychological studies of Korsakoff's psychosis. I. General intellectual
      functions.

PMID- 13673284
TI  - Abnormal mental conditions in infancy.

PMID- 13673285
TI  - An exploratory investigation of the effect of meprobamate on stuttering behavior.

PMID- 13673286
TI  - The effect of various therapies upon fecal incontinence in chronic schizophrenic
      patients.

PMID- 13673287
TI  - Activity of auditory neurons in upper levels of brain of cat.

PMID- 13673288
TI  - Supraspinal origin of a post-stimulatory long-lasting inhibition of galvanic skin
      reflex.

PMID- 13673289
TI  - Differential effect of medial and lateral dorsal root sections upon subcortical
      evoked potentials.

PMID- 13673290
TI  - Effect of bilateral temporal cortical ablation on discrimination of sound
      direction.

PMID- 13673291
TI  - Some properties of pyramidal neurones in motor cortex with particular reference
      to sensory stimulation.

PMID- 13673292
TI  - Active phase of frog's end-plate potential.

PMID- 13673293
TI  - Modification of sensory mechanisms by subcortical structures.

PMID- 13673294
TI  - Generalization between cortically and peripherally applied stimuli eliciting
      conditioned reflexes.

PMID- 13673295
TI  - Cortical intracellular potentials and their responses to strychnine.

PMID- 13673296
TI  - Cerebellar projections to limbic system.

PMID- 13673297
TI  - Prolonged stimulation of brain in awake monkeys.

PMID- 13673298
TI  - Thyroid function in the young pig and its relationship with vitamin A.

PMID- 13673299
TI  - Pathology of vitamin B12 deficiency in infant rats.

PMID- 13673300
TI  - Alterations in some biochemical constituents of skeletal muscle of vitamin E
      deficient chicks.

PMID- 13673301
TI  - The effect of dietary fat vitamin B12-methionine interrelationships.

PMID- 13673302
TI  - The gastrointestinal digestion of fat in dogs fed triglycerides, partial
      glycerides and free fatty acids.

PMID- 13673303
TI  - Amino acid balance and imbalance. I. Dietary level of protein and amino acid
      imbalance.

PMID- 13673304
TI  - The effect of radiation sterilization on the nutritive value of foods. IV. On the
      amino acid composition of garden peas and lima beans.

PMID- 13673305
TI  - Growth rate and lysine requirement of the chick.

PMID- 13673306
TI  - Studies on the enhancement of radiocalcium and radiostrontium absorption by
      lactose in the rat.

PMID- 13673307
TI  - Interconversions of polyunsaturated fatty acids by the laying hen.

PMID- 13673308
TI  - Endemic goitre of the island of Krk studied with I 131.

PMID- 13673309
TI  - Studies on B vitamin interrelationships in growing rats.

PMID- 13673310
TI  - The effect of a low environmental temperature on the weight and food consumption
      of riboflavindeficient rats.

PMID- 13673311
TI  - Nutrition studies in the cold. III. Effects of cold environment on cholesterol
      fatty livers.

PMID- 13673312
TI  - Effects of fat deficiency on pituitary-gonad relationships.

PMID- 13673313
TI  - The increased severity of atherosclerosis in rabbits on a lactose-containing
      diet.

PMID- 13673314
TI  - Changes in hemoglobin, hematocrit and plasma protein in vitamin B6-deficient rats
      during pregnancy.

PMID- 13673315
TI  - Some effects of isonicotinic acid hydrazide-induced vitamin B6 deficiency in
      pregnant rats.

PMID- 13673316
TI  - Effect of antibiotics on the gastrointestinal absorption of calcium and magnesium
      in the rat.

PMID- 13673317
TI  - Urinary excretion of amino acids by the same women during and after pregnancy.

PMID- 13673318
TI  - Vitamin therapy in mice with an hereditary myopathy (dystrophia muscularis).

PMID- 13673319
TI  - Effects of the prevention of coprophagy in the rat.

PMID- 13673320
TI  - Studies on the effect of quantity and type of fat on chick growth.

PMID- 13673321
TI  - Changes in total nitrogen content of some abdominal viscera in fasting and
      realimentation.

PMID- 13673322
TI  - Effect of potassium iodide and vitamin A on the thyroidal uptake and urinary
      excretion of I 131 in goitrous subjects on the island of Krk.

PMID- 13673323
TI  - Influence of dietary potassium and sodium on cesium-134 and potassium-42
      excretion in sheep.

PMID- 13673324
TI  - Nutrition of salmonoid fishes. VII. Nitrogen supplements for chinook salmon
      diets.

PMID- 13673325
TI  - Further observations on factors affecting L-cysteine desulfhydrase activity in
      chick liver.

PMID- 13673326
TI  - Inflammatory disease of the small intestine.

PMID- 13673327
TI  - Selection of pediatric patients for cardiac diagnostic and surgical procedures.

PMID- 13673328
TI  - The pathogenesis of congestive heart failure.

PMID- 13673329
TI  - Present-day treatment of tuberculosis.

PMID- 13673330
TI  - The androgens.

PMID- 13673331
TI  - Geriatric research in Oklahoma.

PMID- 13673332
TI  - Visual effects of varying the extent of compensation for eye movements.

PMID- 13673333
TI  - Depth-discrimination thresholds as a function of binocular differences of retinal
      illuminance at scotopic and photopic levels.

PMID- 13673334
TI  - Neural limitations of visual excitability. I. The time course of monocular light
      adaptation.

PMID- 13673336
TI  - Nature of the limit of the color zone in perimetry.

PMID- 13673335
TI  - Flicker contours for intermittent photic stimuli of alternating duration.

PMID- 13673337
TI  - The laboratory propagation of Spirometra mansonoides as an experimental tool. I.
      Collecting, incubation and hatching of the eggs.

PMID- 13673338
TI  - Life history, morphology and taxonomy of Atriotaenia (Ershovia) procyonis
      (Cestoda: Linstowiidae), a parasite of the raccoon.

PMID- 13673339
TI  - The role of bile salts in the biology of tapeworms. II. Further observations on
      the effects of bile salts on metabolism.

PMID- 13673340
TI  - Trematode infections in terrestrial mollusks of Minnesota.

PMID- 13673341
TI  - A revision of the genus Haplometrana Lucker, 1931 (Trematoda: Plagiorchiidae),
      with notes on its distribution and specificity.

PMID- 13673342
TI  - Induced gametogenesis in a monogenetic trematode, Polystoma stellai vigueras,
      1955.

PMID- 13673343
TI  - Studies on the helminth fauna of Alaska. XXXIV. The parasites of wolves, Canis
      lupus L.

PMID- 13673344
TI  - The immature stages of the genus Hoplopleura (Anoplura: Hoplopleuridae) in North
      America, with descriptions of two new species.

PMID- 13673345
TI  - The Haemaphysalis ticks (Acarina: Ixodidae) of birds. I. H. ornithophila n. sp.
      from Burma and Thailand.

PMID- 13673346
TI  - Pseudoschongastia and four new neotropical species of the genus (Acarina:
      Trombiculidae).

PMID- 13673347
TI  - The effect of weather on the development and survival of the free-living stages
      of Nematodirus spathiger (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae).

PMID- 13673348
TI  - The seasonal incidence of infection of the snail Nassarius obsoletus (Say) with
      larval trematodes.

PMID- 13673349
TI  - Studies on fecal transmission of Trichinella spiralis.

PMID- 13673350
TI  - Trichostrongylus drepanoformis n. sp. (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) from the
      duodenum of the sheep (Ovis aries).

PMID- 13673351
TI  - Parasitologic surveys in Cali, Departamento del Valle, Colombia. IV. Experimental
      study in guinea pigs of the pathogenic capacity of Entamoeba histolytica from
      infected persons in ward Siloe, Cali.

PMID- 13673352
TI  - Morphology and virulence of Trypanosoma cruzi-like hemoflagellates isolated from
      wild mammals in Georgia and Florida.

PMID- 13673353
TI  - The phases of transitional distress occurring in neonates in association with
      prolonged postnatal umbilical cord pulsations.

PMID- 13673354
TI  - Congenital nephrotic syndrome.

PMID- 13673355
TI  - The blood volume of infants. I. The full-term infant in the first year of life.

PMID- 13673356
TI  - Corrected transposition of the great vessels; demonstration of a new
      phonocardiographic sign of this malformation.

PMID- 13673357
TI  - Congenital neurocutaneous syndromes in childhood. I. Neurofibromatosis.

PMID- 13673358
TI  - Spontaneous intracerebral bleeding in children from cryptic vascular hamartomas.

PMID- 13673359
TI  - Spontaneous rupture of the esophagus in a newborn infant.

PMID- 13673360
TI  - Prolonged neonatal anoxia without apparent adverse sequelae.

PMID- 13673361
TI  - The clinician and potassium metabolism.

PMID- 13673362
TI  - Enteritis due to enteropathogenic Escherichia coli; present-day status and
      unsolved problems.

PMID- 13673363
TI  - Clinical pathological conference: the Children's Medical Center Boston, Mass.

PMID- 13673364
TI  - Chromosomal patterns in man.

PMID- 13673365
TI  - The statue to Jenner.

PMID- 13673366
TI  - A p-nitro analogue of phenylbutazone possessing potent antirheumatic, sodium
      retaining and uricosuric properties.

PMID- 13673367
TI  - Inhibition of the renal tubular transport of N1-methylnicotinamide (NMN) by 1,1
      dialkylpiperidinium compounds in the avian kidney.

PMID- 13673368
TI  - Studies of the renal tubular transport characteristics of N1-methylnicotinamide
      and tetraalkylammonium compounds in the avian kidney.

PMID- 13673369
TI  - Studies on the uptake of N'-methylnicotinamide by renal slices of the dog.

PMID- 13673370
TI  - The effect of serotonin and related compounds on the carbohydrate metabolism of
      the liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica.

PMID- 13673371
TI  - Identification and assay of urinary tryptamine: application as an index of
      monoamine oxidase inhibition in man.

PMID- 13673373
TI  - The pharmacological reactivity of presynaptic nerve terminals in a sympathetic
      ganglion.

PMID- 13673372
TI  - The effects of tryptamine on the central nervous system, including a
      pharmacological procedure for the evaluation of iproniazidlike drugs.

PMID- 13673374
TI  - Mechanism of the positive inotropic response to certain ganglionic stimulants.

PMID- 13673375
TI  - A comparison of some of the cardiovascular actions of methylphenidate and
      cocaine.

PMID- 13673376
TI  - Substance A: a hypertensive polypeptide from fraction IV-4 of plasma protein.

PMID- 13673377
TI  - The effect of thiopental and cyanide on the activity of inspiratory neurons.

PMID- 13673378
TI  - Anti-emetic activity of 4-(2-dimethylaminoethoxy)-N-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)
      benzylamine hydrochloride.

PMID- 13673379
TI  - Retention of inhaled sarin by running dogs.

PMID- 13673380
TI  - Mechanism of the local vascular actions of 1, 1-dimethyl-4-phenylpiperazinium
      (DMPP), a potent ganglionic stimulant.

PMID- 13673381
TI  - Oxidation-reduction changes of cytochromes following stimulation of amphibian
      cardiac muscle.

PMID- 13673382
TI  - Corticosteroid secretion by the autotransplanted adrenal gland of the conscious
      sheep.

PMID- 13673383
TI  - Effect of adrenalectomy on tissue histamine in rats.

PMID- 13673384
TI  - Inhibition and excitation of reticulo-rumen contractions following the
      introduction of acids into the rumen and abomasum.

PMID- 13673385
TI  - Some observations on the chemical composition of horse sweat.

PMID- 13673386
TI  - The hypothalamus and sexual maturation in the rat.

PMID- 13673387
TI  - The relationship of the hypothalamus to oestrus in the ferret.

PMID- 13673388
TI  - Effect of sensitization on the electrolyte composition of certain tissues in the
      guinea-pig.

PMID- 13673389
TI  - The effect of alterations of plasma sodium on the sodium and potassium content of
      bone in the rat.

PMID- 13673390
TI  - The effect of lowering the ambient temperature on the metabolism of the new-born
      pig.

PMID- 13673391
TI  - The cause of the supersensitivity of smooth muscle to noradrenaline after
      sympathetic degeneration.

PMID- 13673393
TI  - The uptake of 5-hydroxytryptamine by blood platelets in the cold.

PMID- 13673392
TI  - Histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and serum globulins in the foetal and neo-natal
      rat.

PMID- 13673394
TI  - Muscle fatigue and recovery from fatigue induced by sustained contractions.

PMID- 13673395
TI  - Effect of ablation of medullary emetic chemoreceptor trigger zone on vomiting
      responses to cerebral intraventricular injection of adrenaline, apomorphine and
      pilocarpine in the cat.

PMID- 13673396
TI  - A study of supersensitivity in denervated mammalian skeletal muscle.

PMID- 13673397
TI  - The discrimination of after-images.

PMID- 13673398
TI  - The Colour of monochromatic light when passed into the human retina from behind.

PMID- 13673399
TI  - [Radiography of soft parts with high voltage].

PMID- 13673400
TI  - [Clinical data obtained by tissue x-ray].

PMID- 13673401
TI  - [X-ray anatomy of soft parts; importance of dense x-ray sections (histologically
      dense, tomographicaliy fine)].

PMID- 13673402
TI  - [Theoretical & experimental study of radiology of soft parts].

PMID- 13673403
TI  - [X-ray anatomy of the wrist tendons].

PMID- 13673404
TI  - [Study of the soft parts in finger joint disorders].

PMID- 13673405
TI  - [Radiography without preparation of cervical goiters; information to be
      expected].

PMID- 13673406
TI  - [Direct placentography].

PMID- 13673407
TI  - [Application of soft radiocinematography to the kidneys].

PMID- 13673408
TI  - [Tumors of soft parts; various observations; comparison of simple plates & log
      Etronic plates].

PMID- 13673409
TI  - [Mammography].

PMID- 13673410
TI  - [Value of retropneumoperitoneum in the study of bladder tumors].

PMID- 13673411
TI  - [Difficulties in interpretation of endopelvic soft tissue images obtained by
      gaseous pelvigraphy].

PMID- 13673412
TI  - [Study of radiotherapy of testicular tumors].

PMID- 13673413
TI  - [Indications & results of radiotherapy of testicular tumors; 25 years
      statistics].

PMID- 13673414
TI  - [Preoperative radiotherapy of testicular tumors].

PMID- 13673415
TI  - [Radioclinic and anatomo-biological bases of radiotherapy of testicular tumors].

PMID- 13673417
TI  - [Report of 81 cases of testicular tumors treated at the Gustave-Roussy Institute
      from 1944 to 1953].

PMID- 13673416
TI  - [Report of 70 cases of testicular tumors treated at the Curie Foundation from
      1922 to 1952].

PMID- 13673418
TI  - [Treatment of testicular tumors; anatomo-clinical bases from statistics of 140
      cases].

PMID- 13673419
TI  - [Report on treatment of angiomas & keloids with radiostrontium & radioyttrium].

PMID- 13673420
TI  - [Various recent data on roentgen-rad conversion in bone & muscle].

PMID- 13673421
TI  - [Median sagittal pneumostratigraphy of the cerebellar vermis; technic; normal &
      pathological x-ray anatomy].

PMID- 13673422
TI  - [Arteriophlebographic plates before & after various reparative surgical
      interventions on arteries of extremities, iliac & aortic termination].

PMID- 13673423
TI  - [Tomographic examination of oral cavity with Hirtz incidence in adult].

PMID- 13673424
TI  - [Peripheral neurinomas & their degeneration].

PMID- 13673425
TI  - [Radiocinematography with variable fields].

PMID- 13673426
TI  - [Universal x-ray television equipment using an optic system with multiple
      closures adaptable to tubes reinforcing radiological images].

PMID- 13673427
TI  - Basic concepts in comprehensive rehabilitation.

PMID- 13673428
TI  - Surgical treatment of cardiovascular disease.

PMID- 13673429
TI  - Rehabilitation of cardiac patients.

PMID- 13673430
TI  - Casualtles in rehabilitation.

PMID- 13673431
TI  - Integrative aspects of rehabilitation.

PMID- 13673432
TI  - The Boston Dispensary Rehabilitation Institute.

PMID- 13673433
TI  - Hiring the handicapped in our town.

PMID- 13673434
TI  - Finding jobs for arthritis patients.

PMID- 13673435
TI  - [Experimental studies of the role of trypsin in acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 13673436
TI  - [The role of histamine in the origin of certain symptoms of acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 13673437
TI  - [Study of the blood in acute pancreatitis; case report].

PMID- 13673438
TI  - [Repercussion of acute pancreatitis on the greater omentum].

PMID- 13673440
TI  - Socio-economic factor in maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.

PMID- 13673439
TI  - [Recurrent pancreatitis and hypoglycemia].

PMID- 13673441
TI  - Maternal mortality review for 1956.

PMID- 13673442
TI  - Invasive mole; a case report.

PMID- 13673443
TI  - Chorioadenoma destruens; a case report.

PMID- 13673444
TI  - Significance of neurophysiological orientation to cerebral palsy habilitation.

PMID- 13673445
TI  - Speech and language development of athetoid and spastic children.

PMID- 13673446
TI  - Communication skills and intelligence in right and left hemiplegics.

PMID- 13673447
TI  - Abbreviated sweep-check procedures for school hearing testing.

PMID- 13673448
TI  - Screening tests of hearing.

PMID- 13673450
TI  - Double-syllable words.

PMID- 13673449
TI  - Counseling parents of stuttering children.

PMID- 13673451
TI  - Creative dramatics in speech correction.

PMID- 13673452
TI  - Cybernetics in the treatment of voice disorders.

PMID- 13673453
TI  - Group interview: initial parental clinic contact.

PMID- 13673454
TI  - Selected bibliography on voice disorders.

PMID- 13673455
TI  - The role of the anesthesiologist in the practice of medicine.

PMID- 13673456
TI  - Transventricular aortography.

PMID- 13673457
TI  - The choice of therapy for peripheral vascular disease.

PMID- 13673458
TI  - CLINICOPATHOLOGIC conference: surgical complication of resection of abdominal
      aortic aneurysm.

PMID- 13673459
TI  - [Our association: its future].

PMID- 13673460
TI  - Localization of the kidney for renal biopsy.

PMID- 13673461
TI  - Milk of calcium renal stone.

PMID- 13673462
TI  - Functional renal distension during diuresis.

PMID- 13673463
TI  - Survival from acute renal failure due to sulfonamide sensitivity reaction.

PMID- 13673464
TI  - Rupture of aneurysm of renal artery.

PMID- 13673466
TI  - Primary tumors of the ureter.

PMID- 13673465
TI  - Effect of diet and cation exchange resins upon survival of nephrectomized dogs.

PMID- 13673467
TI  - Vesical neck contracture in children.

PMID- 13673468
TI  - The voiding rates in normal male children.

PMID- 13673469
TI  - Thoughts of a radiologist in a general hospital on cancer of the bladder.

PMID- 13673470
TI  - The use podophyllin in the treatment of papillomatosis of the bladder.

PMID- 13673471
TI  - The histologic appearance of small bowel segments used as urinary conduits.

PMID- 13673472
TI  - Serum acid phosphatase and the effect of prostatic massage.

PMID- 13673473
TI  - A clinical study on the effectiveness of adrenosem in transurethral resection.

PMID- 13673474
TI  - Localized hypothermia for transurethral prostatic resection.

PMID- 13673475
TI  - Prevention of phosphate stones by phytate, phosphate and hexametaphosphate:
      experimental urolithiasis. XV.

PMID- 13673476
TI  - Prevention of urinary calculi in rats by adding calcium to the diet: experimental
      urolithiasis. XVI.

PMID- 13673477
TI  - Prevention and dissolution of calculi in rats with fluoroacetate and citric acid.

PMID- 13673478
TI  - A new instrument for cystopuncture.

PMID- 13673479
TI  - A new catheter tray for the urological cabinet.

PMID- 13673480
TI  - [Picture of foot ridges in newborn].

PMID- 13673481
TI  - [Report on the value of a maternal milk chart in nutrition of premature infant
      with special reference to dried human milk].

PMID- 13673482
TI  - [Proposals for the reduction of fatality in interstitial pneumonia in premature
      infants].

PMID- 13673483
TI  - [Report on acquired hemolytic anemia of the Loutit type].

PMID- 13673484
TI  - [Technic of dondren injection in treatment of rectal prolapse in children].

PMID- 13673485
TI  - [An old Egyptian drinking-vessel for infants].

PMID- 13673486
TI  - [Respiratory disorder in infancy, a possible neurovegetative dystonia].

PMID- 13673487
TI  - [Aerophagy in infancy].

PMID- 13673488
TI  - [Clinical experiences in interstitial plasma cell pneumonia in premature
      infants].

PMID- 13673489
TI  - [Case report of Ellis-van Crefeld syndrome].

PMID- 13673490
TI  - [Weight increase of premature infants in the first three months of life].

PMID- 13673491
TI  - [Petr Ivanovich Egorov on his 60th birthday].

PMID- 13673492
TI  - [First All-Russia congress of therapists].

PMID- 13673493
TI  - [Current problems in the study of diseases of the spleen].

PMID- 13673494
TI  - [Problem of choline insufficiency].

PMID- 13673495
TI  - [Problem of allergy in internal diseases].

PMID- 13673496
TI  - [Chronic functional constipation and treatment].

PMID- 13673497
TI  - [Problem of classification of constipations].

PMID- 13673498
TI  - [Content of steroids in the urine in Addison's disease and Itsenko-Cushing
      syndrome after ACTH administration].

PMID- 13673499
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of adenoma of the islands of Langerhans].

PMID- 13673500
TI  - [Angina pectoris in thyreotoxicosis].

PMID- 13673501
TI  - [Function of the thyroid gland in insufficiency of blood circulation].

PMID- 13673502
TI  - [Biochemical changes in blood of patients undergoing surgery in thyrotoxicosis].

PMID- 13673503
TI  - [Study of the function of the thyroid gland in atherosclerosis].

PMID- 13673504
TI  - [Clinical significance of the adhesive capacity index of thrombocytes].

PMID- 13673505
TI  - [Significance of the Thorn test in internal diseases. I].

PMID- 13673506
TI  - [Angiopathy in diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 13673507
TI  - [Clinical picture of primary tumor of the left auricle].

PMID- 13673508
TI  - [Effect of vitamin B1 on coronary blood circulation and carbohydrate metabolism].

PMID- 13673509
TI  - [Effect of riboflavin on the secretory function of the stomach].

PMID- 13673510
TI  - [Clinical significance of determination of the general immunological reactivity
      of the organism].

PMID- 13673511
TI  - [Result of the study of the functional state of the arterial system].

PMID- 13673512
TI  - [Treatment of severe forms of bronchial asthma with ACTH and cortisone].

PMID- 13673513
TI  - [Technic of x-ray therapy of acromegaly].

PMID- 13673514
TI  - [A case of pheochromocytoma].

PMID- 13673515
TI  - [Erythema nodosum].

PMID- 13673516
TI  - [Behavior of catalase in erythrocytes of infants and children with hypochromic
      anemia].

PMID- 13673517
TI  - [Problem of radiation dosage in the Schilling urine excretion test with Co60
      vitamin B12].

PMID- 13673518
TI  - [Effect of condensed phosphate on iron resorption].

PMID- 13673519
TI  - [Study on the acid-base status in the adaptation processes in congenital heart
      defects].

PMID- 13673520
TI  - [Studies on hormonal regulation of water, sodium and potassium in man. II.
      Results in partial pituitary gland insufficiency].

PMID- 13673521
TI  - [Study on thrombocyte isolation for physiological and immunobematological studies
      on blood coagulation].

PMID- 13673522
TI  - [Histochemical demonstration of esterases in the blood cells].

PMID- 13673524
TI  - [Studies on hemoglobin of intravitally aging erythrocytes].

PMID- 13673525
TI  - [Characteristics of distribution processes in extracellular fluid phases;
      demonstration with inulin].

PMID- 13673523
TI  - [Pharmacological effects in mental disorders].

PMID- 13673526
TI  - [Comparison of enzyme activities of blood serum and exudates].

PMID- 13673527
TI  - [Problem of serum enzyme activity changes in total autonomic reversal].

PMID- 13673528
TI  - [Curarization and artificial respiration as a new method of therapy of severe
      postoperative or posttraumatic pneumonias with respiratory insufficiency].

PMID- 13673529
TI  - [Unusual causes of pericarditis from the viewpoint of the surgeon].

PMID- 13673530
TI  - [Two important sources of error and their elimination in paper electrophoresis].

PMID- 13673531
TI  - [Tumor inhibiting effect of basic substance components (especially glucosamine
      hydrochloride)].

PMID- 13673532
TI  - [Agglutination of antibody-treated erythrocytes in dependence on the neuraminic
      acid content of the serum].

PMID- 13673533
TI  - [The monoamine oxidase inhibitor serine-isopropylhydrazide in clinical
      psychiatry].

PMID- 13673534
TI  - [Extrarenal electrolyte shifts after administration of aldosterone].

PMID- 13673535
TI  - [Localized interstitial calcinosis in a diabetic woman].

PMID- 13673536
TI  - [Neuraminic acid content in blood serum in children].

PMID- 13673537
TI  - [Relations between the neuraminic acid content of the serum and blood
      sedimentation rate].

PMID- 13673538
TI  - [Glycoproteins in cerebrospinal fluid. IV. Glycoproteins in cerebrospinal fluid
      in various neurological diseases].

PMID- 13673539
TI  - [Immunophoretic studies on cerebrospinal fluid].

PMID- 13673540
TI  - [Metabolism studies in deep hypothermia under 20 degrees and prolonged artificial
      circulatory arrest].

PMID- 13673541
TI  - [Problem of adrenal cortex function in thyroid gland diseases. I. Hyperthyroidism
      and thyroid crises].

PMID- 13673542
TI  - [Effect of some chelating agents on acute toxicity of uranyl nitrate].

PMID- 13673543
TI  - [Thrombocytosis in guinea pigs after administration of massive doses of 5
      hydroxytryptamine (serotonin)].

PMID- 13673544
TI  - [Role of adrenal cortex in development of trophic disorders and anemia after
      nerve resection].

PMID- 13673545
TI  - [Siderophile inclusion bodies in erhythrocytes as maturation index in rat
      fetuses].

PMID- 13673546
TI  - [Serum protein content in obesity].

PMID- 13673547
TI  - [Oxygen combining curve, fetal hemoglobin and erythrocyte morphology in premature
      and mature infants].

PMID- 13673549
TI  - [Congenital hereditary fructose intolerance].

PMID- 13673548
TI  - [New data on porphyrin metabolism and porphyrin diseases].

PMID- 13673550
TI  - [Visceral manifestations of progressive scleroderma].

PMID- 13673551
TI  - [Behavior of serum lipids and lipoproteins of newly operated subjects during
      intravenous fat infusions; preliminary report].

PMID- 13673552
TI  - [Further studies on the demonstration of conjugated unsaturated fatty acids in
      human serum lipids].

PMID- 13673553
TI  - [Case of a cryoglobulinemic abdominal intermittent dyspragia in the course of a
      so-called essential cryoglobulinemia].

PMID- 13673554
TI  - [A new method for counting eosinophilic leukocytes].

PMID- 13673555
TI  - [Mechanism of edema inhibition effect of prednisolone in toxic pulmonary edema].

PMID- 13673556
TI  - [Electrographic demonstration of the effect of thyrotropic hormone in guinea
      pigs].

PMID- 13673557
TI  - [Effect of inspiration of pure oxygen on the blood vessel tone of cats].

PMID- 13673558
TI  - [Thromboelastographic studies on the influence of various serum proteins and
      dialyzable substances on the structure of blood coagulate].

PMID- 13673559
TI  - [Significance of connective tissue for carcinoma, growth prognosis and therapy].

PMID- 13673560
TI  - [Clinical picture and pathology of a second primary tumor].

PMID- 13673561
TI  - [Significance of expedient organization of chemotherapy in prevention of
      recurrence after carcinoma surgery].

PMID- 13673562
TI  - [Further experiences with endovesical radium therapy].

PMID- 13673563
TI  - [Differentiation of anemias by comparison of the erythrosedimentation rate with
      the hematocrit].

PMID- 13673564
TI  - [Differentiation of the tuberculosis bacillus from the leprous; modification of
      the Baumgarten staining technic].

PMID- 13673565
TI  - Auto-immunity in man and homologous disease in mice in relation to the malignant
      lymphomas.

PMID- 13673566
TI  - Hyperventilation for the maintenance of anaesthesia.

PMID- 13673568
TI  - Instrument for estimation of clubbing.

PMID- 13673567
TI  - Inhibition of cholesterol atherosclerosis by immunisation with beta-lipoprotein.

PMID- 13673570
TI  - DETECTING lung cancer.

PMID- 13673569
TI  - COMBINED treatment for diabetes.

PMID- 13673571
TI  - EXPERIMENTAL surgery at Hammersmith.

PMID- 13673572
TI  - THE FIRST breath.

PMID- 13673573
TI  - Self-examination: a proposal for its systematic development.

PMID- 13673574
TI  - Darenthin: hypotensive agent of new type.

PMID- 13673575
TI  - Interrelations of tolbutamide and glucagon.

PMID- 13673576
TI  - Diagnostic cortical biopsy; a histological and chemical study.

PMID- 13673577
TI  - Nuclear chromatin of anencephalic foetuses.

PMID- 13673578
TI  - Christman-factor (factor IX) deficiency produced by concurrent administration of
      heparin with coumarin drugs.

PMID- 13673579
TI  - ADRENERGIC blockade.

PMID- 13673580
TI  - A COMPANION for isoniazid.

PMID- 13673581
TI  - HOSPITAL chimneys.

PMID- 13673582
TI  - SLIPPED upper femoral epiphysis.

PMID- 13673583
TI  - RESTORATION of speech after laryngectomy.

PMID- 13673584
TI  - Relaxin; a review of clinical progress.

PMID- 13673585
TI  - Antivaccinial gamma-globulin; a further report on smallpox prophylaxis.

PMID- 13673586
TI  - Experimental deep hypothermia.

PMID- 13673587
TI  - Immunological studies in nephritis.

PMID- 13673588
TI  - Vertebral and internal carotid arteries in relation to hypertension and
      cerebrovascular disease.

PMID- 13673589
TI  - RADIOLOGY of the biliary ducts.

PMID- 13673590
TI  - MOTHER'S role in infections of newborn.

PMID- 13673591
TI  - ALCOHOL and driving ability.

PMID- 13673592
TI  - The nature of essential hypertension.

PMID- 13673593
TI  - Tego compounds in hospital practice.

PMID- 13673594
TI  - [Results of intraoperative cholangiography].

PMID- 13673595
TI  - [Limitations for indication of operative therapy of bronchial carcinoma].

PMID- 13673596
TI  - [Study on the treatment of prostate hypertrophy].

PMID- 13673597
TI  - [Surgical treatment of choledochus cysts].

PMID- 13673598
TI  - [Treatment of supracondylar humerus fractures in childhood].

PMID- 13673599
TI  - [Symptoms and diagnosis of bronchial carcinoma].

PMID- 13673600
TI  - [Study on the etiology of contraction of the neck of the renal calyx].

PMID- 13673601
TI  - [Abnormal localization of gallstones].

PMID- 13673602
TI  - [Rehn technic of plastic surgery of the skin and infection].

PMID- 13673603
TI  - [Study on the pathology and treatment of medial femur neck fractures in tabes
      dorsalis].

PMID- 13673604
TI  - Experiments on temporary obstruction of the internal auditory artery.

PMID- 13673605
TI  - Tympanoplasty.

PMID- 13673606
TI  - Incudostapedial joint separation: etiology, treatment and significance.

PMID- 13673607
TI  - Cochlear microphonics in man; a preliminary report.

PMID- 13673608
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13673609
TI  - Two cases of primary latent cholesteatoma diagnosed and treated by tympanotomy;
      discussion of pathogenesis and management of cholesteatoma.

PMID- 13673610
TI  - Oval window and round window surgery in extensive otosclerosis; a preliminary
      report.

PMID- 13673611
TI  - Radical neck dissection; a clinico-pathological study of 200 cases.

PMID- 13673612
TI  - The diagnosis and treatment of facial paralysis, secondary to basal skull
      fracture.

PMID- 13673613
TI  - The problem of sinusitis in children.

PMID- 13673614
TI  - Destructive lesions of the temporal bone.

PMID- 13673615
TI  - Modern aspects of rhinoplasty.

PMID- 13673616
TI  - [Intestinal perforations in newborn and other infants; clinical study].

PMID- 13673617
TI  - [C reactive protein in umbilical cord blood and in various physiological
      conditions in the newborn].

PMID- 13673618
TI  - [Aid for the illegitimate in Italian legislation].

PMID- 13673619
TI  - [Tumors of the small intestine; concerning 10 personal interventions].

PMID- 13673620
TI  - [The disease of ligated patients without ligation or the postanoxemic syndrome of
      the tissues; contribution to the study of Volkmann's disease].

PMID- 13673621
TI  - [Experimental study of extracorporeal blood oxygenation by aerosol of hydrogen
      peroxide].

PMID- 13673622
TI  - [Multiple cancers of the colon].

PMID- 13673623
TI  - [Simultaneous experimental determination of arterial & venous flows of the liver;
      effects of neurohormones & of excitation of sympathetic nerves].

PMID- 13673624
TI  - [Surgery of anovulation].

PMID- 13673625
TI  - [General & local treatment of burns].

PMID- 13673626
TI  - [Bone tumor with myeloplaxes; arthroplastic resection of the knee].

PMID- 13673627
TI  - [Treatment under direct vision by hypothermia of a case of congenital aortic
      stenosis; recovery].

PMID- 13673628
TI  - [Bilateral Pauwels operation for double coxarthrosis].

PMID- 13673629
TI  - [Joseph Gensoul & amp; Amede Bonnet].

PMID- 13673630
TI  - [The Gensoul operation].

PMID- 13673631
TI  - [Amedee Bonnet & the first surgical anesthesia at Lyons].

PMID- 13673632
TI  - [On mortality by anesthesia].

PMID- 13673633
TI  - [Two remote results of aortico-iliac deobstruction for Leriche syndrome].

PMID- 13673634
TI  - [Hydatidosis of the cranial vault].

PMID- 13673635
TI  - [Pediculated sarcoma of the esophagus].

PMID- 13673636
TI  - [Unexpected paralysis of the glottis immediately after anesthesia for
      gastrectomy].

PMID- 13673637
TI  - [Treatment of fractures of the humeral diaphysis in the adult].

PMID- 13673638
TI  - [Cure of peptic esophagitis by lower gastrectomy].

PMID- 13673639
TI  - [Vertical fractures of the spinal column].

PMID- 13673640
TI  - [Anemic syndrome of the Jaksch Hayem Luzet type in a young infant].

PMID- 13673641
TI  - [Round-table discussion of Hodgkin's disease].

PMID- 13673642
TI  - [Study of two cases of spontaneous pneumothorax during malignant granulomatosis].

PMID- 13673643
TI  - [A case of spontaneous pneumothorax during malignant granulomatosis].

PMID- 13673644
TI  - [Tuberculosis, an increasing and becomming perennial, which thrives on multiple
      errors and complacence].

PMID- 13673645
TI  - [Biermer's thrombopenic anemia with intestinal hemorrhage].

PMID- 13673646
TI  - [Case of schwannomas of the duodeno-jejunal angle and jejunum associated with
      Recklinghausen's disease].

PMID- 13673648
TI  - [Asthma].

PMID- 13673647
TI  - [After-care as an indispensable part of the treatment of asthma in children].

PMID- 13673649
TI  - [Progeria & progeria-like disease].

PMID- 13673650
TI  - [Pheochromocytoma in children].

PMID- 13673651
TI  - [Principles of the nutritional evaluation of food & foodstuff].

PMID- 13673652
TI  - [Medical evaluation of infant & child nutrition].

PMID- 13673653
TI  - [Some problems of rehabilitation].

PMID- 13673654
TI  - Nutrition in infancy.

PMID- 13673655
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13673656
TI  - [A case of diaphragmatic hernia].

PMID- 13673657
TI  - [Prevention of sequels to Bennett fractures; need for restoration of distal angle
      of the first intermetacarpal space].

PMID- 13673658
TI  - [Diagnosis of intracranial hypertension].

PMID- 13673659
TI  - [Surprises connected with the development of fractures in children].

PMID- 13673660
TI  - [Stereotaxis, various demonstrations in therapy of certain extrapyramidal dal
      syndrome & temporal epilepsy].

PMID- 13673661
TI  - [Postoperative gout after prostatectomy].

PMID- 13673662
TI  - [Hydatid cyst of spleen; case report].

PMID- 13673663
TI  - [Heart diseases caused by atherosclerosis & cholesterolemia in Moroccan Moslem
      center].

PMID- 13673664
TI  - [Report on technic for thin skin grafts].

PMID- 13673665
TI  - [Case report of frontal cavernous angioma].

PMID- 13673666
TI  - [Arteriolitis; migratory thrombophlebitis; benign insular gangrene; mutilant &
      rickettsial acropathies; neorickettsial diseases].

PMID- 13673667
TI  - [Flexion spasms in infant & young child].

PMID- 13673668
TI  - [Blood transaminases].

PMID- 13673669
TI  - [Efficiency of tannic acid dressing for trachomatous cicatrization reconsidered
      after 25 years of practice].

PMID- 13673670
TI  - [Familial epidemic of R. Legroux, J. C. Levaditi, G. Boudin & D. Bovet disease].

PMID- 13673671
TI  - [Enemas & their accidents. II. Barium enema].

PMID- 13673672
TI  - [A rare case of otitic hydrocephalus (acute cerebro-meningeal edema)].

PMID- 13673673
TI  - [2 Case reports of giant mucocele with ocular symptoms].

PMID- 13673674
TI  - [Stenosis of terminal uterter of calculous origin].

PMID- 13673675
TI  - [Report on treatment of prolonged fetal retentions after spontaneous interruption
      of pregnancy in the 1st months].

PMID- 13673676
TI  - [Current perspectives of thermal baths at Oulmes].

PMID- 13673677
TI  - [Regional antituberculous dispensary].

PMID- 13673678
TI  - [Procedure for the physician to follow in small skin tumors].

PMID- 13673679
TI  - [Diabetes; practical concept].

PMID- 13673680
TI  - The surgical treatment for chronic pancreatitis.

PMID- 13673681
TI  - Out partnership with Latin America.

PMID- 13673682
TI  - Student American Medical Association.

PMID- 13673683
TI  - Location of emergency hospitals.

PMID- 13673684
TI  - Some newer concepts in medical treatment of atherosclerosis.

PMID- 13673685
TI  - Dr. Ziegler and Dr. Pitts arrive.

PMID- 13673686
TI  - Maryland TB-VD health program among agricultural workers.

PMID- 13673687
TI  - Clinical trial of guanethidine, a new type of antihypertensive agent.

PMID- 13673688
TI  - Griseofulvin, an oral antibiotic for ringworm of the skin, hair and nails; a
      preliminary report.

PMID- 13673689
TI  - Phenformin (DBI) in the management of diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 13673690
TI  - Toxemia of pregnancy from an internist's standpoint.

PMID- 13673691
TI  - The one-shot hay fever treatment; facts and fancy.

PMID- 13673692
TI  - Use of deprol (meprobamate combined with benactyzine hydrochloride) in the office
      treatment of depression.

PMID- 13673693
TI  - Gastroscopy and esophagoscopy: an analysis and discussion of 1,752 procedures.

PMID- 13673694
TI  - Impartial medical testimony.

PMID- 13673695
TI  - The stake of private practice in industrial medicine.

PMID- 13673697
TI  - Uncommon complications of chest trauma.

PMID- 13673696
TI  - The Veterinary Corps of the US Army; a history.

PMID- 13673698
TI  - March fracture of the os calcis.

PMID- 13673699
TI  - [Animal diseases in Western Germany].

PMID- 13673700
TI  - Congenital heart disease. III. Coarctation of the aorta.

PMID- 13673701
TI  - Kinking of the aortic arch.

PMID- 13673702
TI  - The plain film survey of the abdomen.

PMID- 13673703
TI  - Dyspepsia.

PMID- 13673704
TI  - Dyspepsia.

PMID- 13673705
TI  - A rational treatment of congenital talipes equino-varus.

PMID- 13673706
TI  - Rhinoplasty.

PMID- 13673707
TI  - Joseph Coen.

PMID- 13673708
TI  - MARY ALLISON INGRAM.

PMID- 13673709
TI  - Dr. Francis Workman, emigrant, and the history of taking the cure for consumption
      in the Australian colonies.

PMID- 13673710
TI  - An experiment in resocialization of patients with long-standing psychoses.

PMID- 13673711
TI  - A relaxing machine.

PMID- 13673712
TI  - TRIETHYLENE thiophosphoramide.

PMID- 13673713
TI  - The driver in relation to the physiological limitations imposed on him as a human
      being.

PMID- 13673714
TI  - Depressive states and drugs; a study of the use of imipramine tofranil in open
      psychiatric settings.

PMID- 13673715
TI  - Primary malignancy of the stomach.

PMID- 13673716
TI  - Eye research in Canada.

PMID- 13673717
TI  - A simple and effective device for the application of short leg casts.

PMID- 13673718
TI  - Shipboard installation of high-speed dental equipment.

PMID- 13673719
TI  - Rapid antibiotic sensitivity test using a redox indicator.

PMID- 13673721
TI  - An inexpensive endodontic incubator.

PMID- 13673720
TI  - Medical applications of radioactive isotopes.

PMID- 13673722
TI  - Syringe loading rack for use with ultrasonic instrument washer.

PMID- 13673723
TI  - Chronic or pulmonale.

PMID- 13673724
TI  - Some unusual types of heart disease.

PMID- 13673725
TI  - Oral tolbutamide therapy of diabetes.

PMID- 13673726
TI  - Fat embolism.

PMID- 13673727
TI  - Headache; its differential diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 13673728
TI  - Sinusitis and eye disease.

PMID- 13673730
TI  - Regional ileitis.

PMID- 13673729
TI  - A note on the therapy of acne vulgaris.

PMID- 13673731
TI  - The coronary individual.

PMID- 13673732
TI  - Tattooing.

PMID- 13673733
TI  - Logopedics for the family physician.

PMID- 13673734
TI  - Epilepsy in childhood.

PMID- 13673735
TI  - Art: a prescription for the physician.

PMID- 13673736
TI  - Investing for the successful physician.

PMID- 13673737
TI  - [Familial Quincke's angioneurotic edema].

PMID- 13673738
TI  - [Arterial hypertension; clinical, etiopathogenetic & therapeutic studies. I.
      Clinical report].

PMID- 13673739
TI  - [Medical practice in Norway; with special reference to gynecology].

PMID- 13673740
TI  - [Nutritional problems: the question of minimum protein].

PMID- 13673741
TI  - [Rehabilitation of paraplegics; occupational therapy, professional orientation
      and recreation].

PMID- 13673742
TI  - [Adenine in therapy of agranulocytosis].

PMID- 13673743
TI  - [Depots of sanitary material for mass casualties].

PMID- 13673744
TI  - [The health service in cold countries].

PMID- 13673745
TI  - [Dislocation of the knee].

PMID- 13673746
TI  - [Various aspects of cardiac auscultation in the pulmonary focus].

PMID- 13673748
TI  - [Postpartum idiopathic myocardial insufficiency].

PMID- 13673747
TI  - [Pharmacological study of the antihemorrhagic action of Polygonum acre H.B.K].

PMID- 13673749
TI  - [Dermoid cyst of the great epiploon].

PMID- 13673750
TI  - [Present status of electroencephalography].

PMID- 13673751
TI  - [Technic of large serial slices of the brain].

PMID- 13673752
TI  - [Anesthesia in neurosurgery].

PMID- 13673753
TI  - [Interference of bromine in the metabolism of iodine by the thyroid of rats].

PMID- 13673754
TI  - [Chelating agents in the treatment of hemochromatosis: comments on a case].

PMID- 13673755
TI  - [Data on ventilatyro function in pulmonary emphysema].

PMID- 13673756
TI  - [Reticulosis of the lymph nodes].

PMID- 13673757
TI  - [Data on the study of Leptospira in water].

PMID- 13673758
TI  - [Advantages of combined chlorpromazine & effortil].

PMID- 13673759
TI  - [Considerations on a case of intestinal obstruction].

PMID- 13673760
TI  - [Liver and endocrinopathies].

PMID- 13673761
TI  - [Various aspects of the simultaneous administration of largactil & effortil;
      influence on the pressor effect of both by alternative administration].

PMID- 13673762
TI  - [Reticulosis of the lymph nodes].

PMID- 13673763
TI  - [Personality of the surgeon; review].

PMID- 13673764
TI  - [Study of puberty & its pathology].

PMID- 13673765
TI  - [Ulcer of the anastomotic lip after gastroenterostomy; an extremely demonstrative
      clinical case].

PMID- 13673766
TI  - [Plastic & reparative surgery].

PMID- 13673767
TI  - [Treatment of confluent forms of silicosis].

PMID- 13673768
TI  - [Immunoconglutinins in the blood of silicotics].

PMID- 13673769
TI  - [Enzyme changes in benzene poisoning].

PMID- 13673770
TI  - [Changes of isotonic systole in function of cardiac output during & after the
      effort test].

PMID- 13673771
TI  - [Hemodynamic changes induced by hypoxia in pneumoconiotic patients; observations
      on the Levy test].

PMID- 13673772
TI  - [Validity of measurement of oxygen saturation of arterial blood in vivo, during
      rest & work, with the Waters X-80 A oxymeter; study in normal subjects,
      silicotics, emphysematous & tuberculotic patients].

PMID- 13673773
TI  - [Quantitative analysis of total hemoglobin pigments in blood; comparision of two
      photometric methods].

PMID- 13673774
TI  - [Pyloric stenosis due to caustics without esophageal lesions].

PMID- 13673775
TI  - [Thyroiditis].

PMID- 13673776
TI  - [Amphotericin B in therapy of actinomycosis].

PMID- 13673777
TI  - [Indications and technique of oxygen therapy in cardiology].

PMID- 13673778
TI  - [Preliminary note on the study of the cytostatic effect of a plant].

PMID- 13673779
TI  - [Effect of SI-1236 on the excretion of uropepsin].

PMID- 13673780
TI  - [Corticoids combined with curietherapy in cancer of the uterine cervix].

PMID- 13673781
TI  - [Data on patients intoxicated with methyl alcohol].

PMID- 13673782
TI  - [Anxiety & tension of modern life].

PMID- 13673783
TI  - [The death of Dr. Jose Aguilar Alvarez, eminent university man].

PMID- 13673784
TI  - [The death of Dr. Alejandro Velasco Zimbron, former specialist in orthopedic
      surgery].

PMID- 13673785
TI  - [Antibacterial action of kanamycin].

PMID- 13673786
TI  - [Local treatment of severe or polycausal ulcerative colitis].

PMID- 13673787
TI  - [Report of a case of infectious hepatitis acquired in utero by transplacental
      contamination].

PMID- 13673788
TI  - [Pulmonary emphysema in surgery].

PMID- 13673789
TI  - [Clinical experiences relation to the possibility of influencing the painful
      sensation & duration of labor].

PMID- 13673790
TI  - [Relation of muscular pathology to the thyroids & adrenals; critical review].

PMID- 13673791
TI  - [In memory of Dr. Francisco Durand Reynals].

PMID- 13673792
TI  - [Control of parasitic diseases during 1956-58 and basic trends in their decrease
      and disappearance].

PMID- 13673793
TI  - [Malaria as a world problem and progress of its elimination in the USSR].

PMID- 13673794
TI  - [25 years of planned malaria control in the USSR].

PMID- 13673795
TI  - [Problems of the sanitary-epidemiological service in the control of parasitic
      diseases in various zones of the USSR].

PMID- 13673796
TI  - [Tick-borne encephalitis and its control in the RSFSR].

PMID- 13673797
TI  - [Tick-borne encephalitis and its control in the Belorussia].

PMID- 13673798
TI  - [Certain aspects of the investigations and tasks of the seven-year-plan in the
      problem of tick-borne encephalitis].

PMID- 13673799
TI  - [Certain epidemiological and epizootological problems of tick-borne
      encephalitis].

PMID- 13673800
TI  - [A technic of mass serological survey of the population living in the foci of
      tick-borne encephalitis].

PMID- 13673802
TI  - [Eradication of leishmaniasis in the USSR during the 7-year-plan].

PMID- 13673801
TI  - [Studies on the effect of hexachlorane on sexually-immature repleted Ixodes
      persulcatus P. Sch].

PMID- 13673804
TI  - [Phlebotomus minutus R. and species of the group minutus (Sergentomyia) in Crimea
      and Caucasus].

PMID- 13673803
TI  - [Organization of malaria laboratory diagnosis control in the Azerbaidzhan].

PMID- 13673805
TI  - [Tick-borne spirochetosis and the public health problem in the USSR].

PMID- 13673806
TI  - [New loci of Alestorobius asperus verrucosus in the Krasnodarsk Region].

PMID- 13673807
TI  - [Methods of eradication of ascariasis in the USSR].

PMID- 13673808
TI  - [Detection of Culex jacksoni Edwards (1934) among the mosquitoes of the Furugelm
      island].

PMID- 13673809
TI  - [Detection of Lasiohelea in the Krasnoiarsk region].

PMID- 13673810
TI  - [Supplement to the national literature on parasitic diseases and parasitology
      published during the first quarter of 1959].

PMID- 13673811
TI  - [Rational use of roentgenography].

PMID- 13673812
TI  - [Postnatal higher nervous activity in rats following daily roentgen irradiation
      during the embryonic development].

PMID- 13673813
TI  - [Temperature disorders in dogs following massive irradiation].

PMID- 13673814
TI  - [Disorders of basal metabolism adaptation changes during roentgen irradiation in
      rats].

PMID- 13673815
TI  - [Radiation sickness course in dogs following extirpation of the lymphoid organs].

PMID- 13673816
TI  - [Effect of ionizing radiations in animals fed food containing various levels of
      histidine].

PMID- 13673817
TI  - [Roentgenographic changes of the gastrointestinal tract following roentgen
      irradiation of puppies of various ages].

PMID- 13673818
TI  - [Pathogenesis of the increased adenosinetriphosphatase activity of the spleen
      following irradiation of the head in rats].

PMID- 13673819
TI  - [Morphological changes of the thyroid gland in rats of various ages following
      total-body roentgen-irradiation].

PMID- 13673820
TI  - [Experimental anthrax in irradiated animals].

PMID- 13673821
TI  - [Effect of ACTH and cortisone on the course and outcome of radiation sickness in
      white rats of various ages].

PMID- 13673822
TI  - [Effect of ionizing radiations on preserved blood and plasma].

PMID- 13673823
TI  - [Data on the distribution of Pm147].

PMID- 13673824
TI  - [Effect of Pu239, Sr89 and Sr90 on the bone marrow in rats].

PMID- 13673825
TI  - [Penetration of radium bromide through the undamaged skin in animals].

PMID- 13673826
TI  - [Exchange-replacement blood transfusion in radiation sickness; experimental
      studies].

PMID- 13673827
TI  - [Methods of measuring of radioactivity in human subjects].

PMID- 13673828
TI  - [Effect of various levels of oxygen tension in the expired air on the course of
      experimental radiation sickness].

PMID- 13673829
TI  - [The upper oxygen limit in after-effect reactions of radiation injury].

PMID- 13673830
TI  - [Methods & results of the virological & serological studies on the smallpox
      epidemic in Heidelberg (December 1958 to January 1959)].

PMID- 13673831
TI  - [Acromicria: constitutional type & disease picture].

PMID- 13673832
TI  - [Observations on the problem of vertebral pain syndromes].

PMID- 13673833
TI  - [Hygienic & economic observations on the topic of assanation & sterilization].

PMID- 13673834
TI  - [Adenosine in cardiovascular disorders].

PMID- 13673835
TI  - [Ambulant treatment of dermatological diseases with andantol jelly].

PMID- 13673836
TI  - [Experiences in a rural medical practice with the new cardiac agent cratylen].

PMID- 13673837
TI  - [Extrapleural pneumothorax].

PMID- 13673838
TI  - [Can the atomic fall-out from tests in distant countries cause fetal
      malformations in Germany].

PMID- 13673839
TI  - [Goiter & its clinical problems].

PMID- 13673840
TI  - [The problem of hazards of sulfonylurea treatment of diabetes].

PMID- 13673841
TI  - [Explanations of the significance of colonic dysbacteria & the mechanism of
      action of E. coli therapy (mutaflor)].

PMID- 13673842
TI  - [Individual & group psychotherapy of college students; a statistical report with
      a comment].

PMID- 13673843
TI  - [Microbiological treatment of lacunar tonsillitis].

PMID- 13673844
TI  - [Is there a digestive leukocytosis].

PMID- 13673845
TI  - [Is there a digestive leukocytosis].

PMID- 13673846
TI  - [Experiences with inactin in more than 5000 cases of short anesthesia].

PMID- 13673847
TI  - [Oral hormonal treatment with methylestrene-olone & methylestradiol as early
      pregnancy tests].

PMID- 13673848
TI  - [Therapy of peripheral circulation disorders].

PMID- 13673849
TI  - [Schiller's relations to medicine].

PMID- 13673850
TI  - [Excitomotor cardiac insufficiency].

PMID- 13673851
TI  - [Oral iron absorption in cerebral tumors].

PMID- 13673852
TI  - [Autoplastic & alloplastic facial & maxillomandibular implantations].

PMID- 13673853
TI  - [Chronic periencephalic processes & expert opinions; survey].

PMID- 13673854
TI  - [Medicinal therapy of behavior disorders in children & adolescents].

PMID- 13673855
TI  - [Evaluation of the iron & copper level in normal & sick women; a contribution to
      the significance of heavy metals in abdominal cancer in women].

PMID- 13673856
TI  - [Arterial embolism; pathogenesis, diagnosis, therapy].

PMID- 13673857
TI  - [Roentgen examination of post-gastrectomy carcinoma].

PMID- 13673858
TI  - [Pharmacology of alpha-benzoyltriethylamine (regenon)].

PMID- 13673859
TI  - [The effects of regenon in obese diabetics in a double-blind experiment].

PMID- 13673860
TI  - [Antimycotic therapy with jadit in clinical & private practice].

PMID- 13673861
TI  - [Further advancements in ambulant treatment of leg ulcers].

PMID- 13673862
TI  - [The hypotensive symptom complex & its treatment with a new phytotherapeutic drug
      (normotin); experiences in an ambulant practice].

PMID- 13673863
TI  - [One of the most important physicians of his epoch asked in 1543 for a United
      Europe].

PMID- 13673864
TI  - [Damage caused by ionizing radiations].

PMID- 13673865
TI  - [Problems of psychological alleviation of labor].

PMID- 13673867
TI  - [The problem of Malta fever (brucellosis melitensis) in Germany].

PMID- 13673866
TI  - [Hepatitis & hepatosis as shown in the electro-dermatogram controlled by
      laparoscopy].

PMID- 13673868
TI  - [Lactic acid determination in gastric carcinoma & its influence on intragastric
      pH measurement].

PMID- 13673869
TI  - [Photodermatosis caused by sulfanilylbutylurea].

PMID- 13673870
TI  - [Improvement of excretory urography by a combination of contrast medium &
      spasmolytic].

PMID- 13673871
TI  - [Clinical experiences with the new hypnotic dormopan].

PMID- 13673872
TI  - [Diagnosis & therapy of latent iron deficiency states].

PMID- 13673873
TI  - [Quacks galore from abroad].

PMID- 13673874
TI  - [Unauthorized remedial surgery in non-emergency cases].

PMID- 13673875
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13673876
TI  - [Mucoviscidosis in adults, a very frequent dominant hereditary disease].

PMID- 13673877
TI  - [Clinical & anatomopathological findings in 3 adults suffering from
      mucoviscidosis].

PMID- 13673878
TI  - [Gestation in middle-aged primiparae & middle-aged pluriparae; a comparative
      study].

PMID- 13673879
TI  - [The physical properties of certain sphygmographic systems & their significance
      for the description of the pulse].

PMID- 13673880
TI  - [Treatment of hyperthermia with a hydergine-aminophenazone compound].

PMID- 13673882
TI  - [A modern wound dressing of a new type; report on its uses].

PMID- 13673881
TI  - [The mechanism of action of long-acting sulfonamides].

PMID- 13673883
TI  - [Use of neo-octinum as an obstetrical spasmolytic].

PMID- 13673884
TI  - [Treatment of infections of the lacrimal apparatus with a new leucomycin
      preparation in local administration].

PMID- 13673885
TI  - [Castigation & mercy; medical talk on experiences in East Africa. II].

PMID- 13673886
TI  - [The problem of the merciful lie].

PMID- 13673887
TI  - [Therapy of allergic diseases].

PMID- 13673888
TI  - [The current therapy of cardiac insufficiency].

PMID- 13673889
TI  - [Fibrinogen as a principle with a general hemostatic effect in severe
      hemorrhage].

PMID- 13673890
TI  - [Clinical studies on Schulz' heat fibrin determination].

PMID- 13673891
TI  - [Toxic phenomena caused by carotene-containing food].

PMID- 13673892
TI  - [Comparative clinicopediatric studies on a new tetracycline-oleandomycin
      preparation].

PMID- 13673893
TI  - [Treatment of hypertension with hydrochlorothiazide].

PMID- 13673895
TI  - [Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome].

PMID- 13673894
TI  - [To Prof. Ernst Speer on his 70th birthday].

PMID- 13673896
TI  - [Experiences with the analgesic jetrium].

PMID- 13673897
TI  - [Professor Werner Catel on his 65th birthday].

PMID- 13673898
TI  - [Condition of immunity against diphtheria in children].

PMID- 13673899
TI  - [Myocarditis in childhood; changes in the clinical picture and changes in
      attitude].

PMID- 13673900
TI  - [Differential diagnosis and therapy of various forms of spastic pylorus syndrome
      in children].

PMID- 13673901
TI  - [Fifty years of raw preserved human milk in human milk collecting stations].

PMID- 13673902
TI  - [Therapeutic effect of carrot soup].

PMID- 13673903
TI  - [Significance of EEG for the prognosis of encephalitis in children].

PMID- 13673904
TI  - [The problem of so-called amniogenic constrictions].

PMID- 13673905
TI  - [Ritter's dermatitis exfoliativa and its treatment].

PMID- 13673906
TI  - [Relations between kidney function and body fluids in children].

PMID- 13673907
TI  - [Antistreptolysin reaction in streptococcal infections and rheumatic diseases in
      children].

PMID- 13673908
TI  - [The occurrence of poliomyelitis in institutions; epidemiological and practical
      conclusions].

PMID- 13673909
TI  - [Possibilities and limitations in the use of practicable heart function tests].

PMID- 13673910
TI  - [Breathing in attacks of stenocardia].

PMID- 13673911
TI  - [Relations between nutrition and vascular diseases from the experimental
      viewpoint. I].

PMID- 13673912
TI  - [Effect on sphygmograms of the coupling of the pulse receivers on the arteries].

PMID- 13673913
TI  - [Side-reactions to the Takata test for differentiation of hepatic congestions].

PMID- 13673914
TI  - [Possibilities and problems in local therapy of psoriasis vulgaris with a
      benzoxathiol derivative].

PMID- 13673915
TI  - [Medical therapy of radiation sickness and hyperemesis gravidarum].

PMID- 13673916
TI  - [Veratrum alkaloid therapy of severe hypertensive diseases].

PMID- 13673917
TI  - [The problem of aged psychiatric patients: the circulation and a circulatory
      stimulant developed here].

PMID- 13673918
TI  - [Is gastric hemorrhage a contraindication for licorice root extract and camomile
      therapy of peptic ulcer].

PMID- 13673919
TI  - [Various remarks on C. G. Jung's "Praxis der Psychotherapie"].

PMID- 13673920
TI  - [The resigning Sunday's child (C. L. Schleich 1859-1922)].

PMID- 13673921
TI  - [Pathophysiology of the kidneys].

PMID- 13673922
TI  - [General biological principles of immunity].

PMID- 13673923
TI  - [Liver biopsy findings in history of dystrophy].

PMID- 13673924
TI  - [Hazards in the use of photography lights].

PMID- 13673925
TI  - [Sarcoidosis of the stomach].

PMID- 13673926
TI  - [Effect of meprobamate on labor].

PMID- 13673927
TI  - [Problem of kidney detoxication through the large intestine].

PMID- 13673928
TI  - [Some experiences with cortisone therapy of caustic stenosis of the esophagus].

PMID- 13673929
TI  - [Therapy of heart disease in the aged with a new theophylline-theobromine
      combination].

PMID- 13673930
TI  - [Successful skin care in deep radiotherapy in gynecological diseases].

PMID- 13673931
TI  - [Foot and leg].

PMID- 13673932
TI  - [Industrial medicine in the western countries].

PMID- 13673933
TI  - [Symptoms and pathology of radiation colitis].

PMID- 13673934
TI  - [Angiofibroma of the nasopharyngeal space].

PMID- 13673935
TI  - [March fracture after hallux valgus surgery].

PMID- 13673936
TI  - [Surgical treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13673937
TI  - [Alteration of the nicotine habit with lobeline].

PMID- 13673938
TI  - [Clinical report on the combined antiasthmatic agent gambaran].

PMID- 13673940
TI  - [Nutrition laws and supervision].

PMID- 13673939
TI  - [Problem of psychic and physical function stimulation in gynecological practice].

PMID- 13673941
TI  - [Poliomyelitis vaccination].

PMID- 13673942
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13673943
TI  - [External manifestations of osteochondrosis dissecans of the elbow joint].

PMID- 13673944
TI  - [Symptomatology of so-called calcium nitrate disease].

PMID- 13673945
TI  - [Treatment of diabetes mellitus with biguanide].

PMID- 13673946
TI  - [Animal experimental studies with carcinostatics in clinical doses].

PMID- 13673948
TI  - [Physiology of fatigue and exhaustion].

PMID- 13673947
TI  - [Therapeutic experiences with delta butazolidin].

PMID- 13673949
TI  - [Exhaustion; a clinical phenomenon].

PMID- 13673950
TI  - [Principles for diagnosis of fatigue states].

PMID- 13673951
TI  - [Fatigue from the viewpoint of the gynecologist].

PMID- 13673952
TI  - [Cause and prevention of postoperative fatigue states].

PMID- 13673953
TI  - [Psychopathology of so-called fatigue].

PMID- 13673954
TI  - [Clinical pharmacology and pharmacotherapy of the fatigue syndrome].

PMID- 13673955
TI  - [Problem of prohibition of heterologous artificial insemination].

PMID- 13673956
TI  - [Prohibition of future artificial insemination; legal principles].

PMID- 13673957
TI  - [Mortality among pensioned subjects; studies on Hamburg officials].

PMID- 13673958
TI  - [Operability in prostate disease].

PMID- 13673959
TI  - [Clinical study on the problem of so-called tablet nephritis].

PMID- 13673960
TI  - [Effortil therapy of chronic cor pulmonale].

PMID- 13673961
TI  - [Experiences with Aesculus hippocastanum extract in gynecology and obstetrics].

PMID- 13673962
TI  - [Acute gastric diseases].

PMID- 13673963
TI  - [Metal fume fever].

PMID- 13673964
TI  - [Desmoid pills & the early diagnosis of gastric cancer].

PMID- 13673965
TI  - [A new filter syringe].

PMID- 13673966
TI  - [The problem of a specific organic effect of fresh & dry cells].

PMID- 13673967
TI  - [Clinical experiences with meluginan, a new mercurial diuretic].

PMID- 13673968
TI  - [Experiences with the immediately acting anticoagulant eleparon in obstetrics].

PMID- 13673969
TI  - [Experiences with My-O2].

PMID- 13673970
TI  - [Errors of medical aides].

PMID- 13673971
TI  - [Do we have a right to celebrate the day of Solferino].

PMID- 13673972
TI  - [Suction biopsy of the stomach].

PMID- 13673973
TI  - [Obstetrical experiences with the vacuum extractor].

PMID- 13673974
TI  - [Use of the vacuum extractor in obstetrics].

PMID- 13673975
TI  - [Observation of bone marrow function in cytostatic treatment of malignant
      tumors].

PMID- 13673976
TI  - [Surgical treatment of chronic tuberculous pleural empyema].

PMID- 13673977
TI  - [Wound healing with an atraumatic wound textile].

PMID- 13673978
TI  - [Cerebral apoplexy and steroid hormones].

PMID- 13673979
TI  - [Claims from insurance agreements in intoxication while driving].

PMID- 13673980
TI  - [Diseases of the respiratory tract of viral etiology].

PMID- 13673981
TI  - [Butazolidine therapy of rheumatic fever in children].

PMID- 13673982
TI  - [Cerebral metabolism; review of literature].

PMID- 13673983
TI  - [Abderhalden's defensive ferments].

PMID- 13673984
TI  - [Adrenal cortex disorders & enzymatic disorders in pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13673985
TI  - [A physical anesthesia apparatus].

PMID- 13673986
TI  - [Clinical trial of a synergistic megaphen-electroshock therapy of chronic
      psychoses].

PMID- 13673987
TI  - [Use of the contrast medium vesamin-R in retrograde pyeloscopy].

PMID- 13673988
TI  - [Chemotherapy of bacterial infections; antibiotics, sulfonamides, azo dyes].

PMID- 13673989
TI  - [Novocaine treatment of aged in the neurological practice].

PMID- 13673990
TI  - [Simulation & selfmutilation].

PMID- 13673991
TI  - [Sweating therapy in a home sauna bath in cardiovascular diseases].

PMID- 13673992
TI  - [The usefulness of the niacin test for the differentiation of the two mammalian
      types of Mycobacterium tuberculosis].

PMID- 13673993
TI  - [The death of Adrian VI (2 March 1459 to 14 September 1523); a medicohistorical
      essay].

PMID- 13673994
TI  - [Cooperation of the marriage partner in the medical practice].

PMID- 13673995
TI  - [Leprosy & care of lepers at Hawaii (Sandwich Islands)].

PMID- 13673996
TI  - [Speed in itself is not dangerous to health].

PMID- 13673997
TI  - [Accidental wounds and therapy].

PMID- 13673998
TI  - [Vaccinations].

PMID- 13673999
TI  - [Abnormalities and their proper management].

PMID- 13674000
TI  - [Medical principles for the therapeutic use of the artichoke].

PMID- 13674001
TI  - [Blood circulation disorders in children and adolescents].

PMID- 13674002
TI  - [Disorders of blood circulation in adolescents with special reference to
      psychogenic components].

PMID- 13674003
TI  - [Study on medical therapy of indurating and indurated specific hilus gland
      processes in childhood].

PMID- 13674004
TI  - [Long-term asthma therapy in persistent asthma].

PMID- 13674005
TI  - [Studies and experiences with the oral antidiabetic Haury].

PMID- 13674006
TI  - [Hydrolysate therapy in disease in the aged].

PMID- 13674007
TI  - [Possible penetrating wound in the lungs near the heart or penetrating wound of
      the heart].

PMID- 13674008
TI  - [Tuberculosis control; a study on evaluation of the current tuberculosis
      situation].

PMID- 13674009
TI  - [Adolf Gottstien as a health politician].

PMID- 13674010
TI  - [Teachings and proverbs of the predecessors of Socrates].

PMID- 13674011
TI  - [Tax problems in the sale of a medical practice].

PMID- 13674012
TI  - [Possible increase in cancer mortality].

PMID- 13674013
TI  - [Arterial embolisms of the extremities after commissurotomy].

PMID- 13674014
TI  - [Callus disease].

PMID- 13674015
TI  - [Thrombophletites].

PMID- 13674016
TI  - [Pick-up and transportation of victims of traffic accidents].

PMID- 13674017
TI  - [Pick-up and transportation of persons wounded in traffic accidents].

PMID- 13674018
TI  - [Risks in radiological examinations in the operating room].

PMID- 13674019
TI  - [Restorative arterial surgery in aortic and iliac localizations of arteritis
      obliterans].

PMID- 13674020
TI  - [Needle facilitating lace sutures with strips of skin].

PMID- 13674021
TI  - [Unusual intrathoracic foreign body].

PMID- 13674022
TI  - [Restorative arterial surgery in aortic and iliac obliteration].

PMID- 13674023
TI  - [Endometriomas of the sigmoid and endometriosis].

PMID- 13674024
TI  - [A case of transfixing wound of the cervical esophagus caused by bullet; double
      suture, recovery].

PMID- 13674025
TI  - [Pick-up transportation of persons wounded in traffic accidents].

PMID- 13674026
TI  - [Prevention of postoperative thromboembolism in general surgery].

PMID- 13674027
TI  - [Prevention of postoperative phlebothrombosis].

PMID- 13674028
TI  - [Postoperative thrombophlebitis].

PMID- 13674029
TI  - [Screens for radiation protection during making of x-ray films with injections of
      contrast media].

PMID- 13674030
TI  - [Traffic accident victims].

PMID- 13674031
TI  - [Pickup and transportation of persons wounded in traffic accidents; conclusions].

PMID- 13674032
TI  - [Prevention of postoperative venous thrombosis; conclusions].

PMID- 13674033
TI  - [Immediate ileo-colo-plasty in surgery of the left colon].

PMID- 13674034
TI  - [Cytological warming in cancer of the uterus; its precocity and lack of
      precision].

PMID- 13674035
TI  - Thoughts about therapy today.

PMID- 13674036
TI  - Attitudes about mental health; a cultural and psychodynamic appraisal.

PMID- 13674037
TI  - Social and emotional development of students in college and university. I.

PMID- 13674038
TI  - Development of a comprehensive psychiatric community service around the mental
      hospital.

PMID- 13674039
TI  - Sample survey of admission of ex-mental patients in rehabilitation centers.

PMID- 13674040
TI  - If a child stammers.

PMID- 13674042
TI  - Characteristics of communities successful in organizing local mental health
      services.

PMID- 13674041
TI  - Attitude change in members of parent education courses.

PMID- 13674043
TI  - Family structure and alcoholism.

PMID- 13674044
TI  - Psychiatric treatment of offenders.

PMID- 13674045
TI  - Establishment and maintenance of a mental health unit; a case history and general
      principles.

PMID- 13674046
TI  - Mental disease among Negroes; an analysis of first admissions in New York State,
      1949-51.

PMID- 13674047
TI  - [Banner of militant materialism; 50th anniversary of V. I. Lenin's book
      Materialism and Empiriocriticism].

PMID- 13674048
TI  - [Systematics of bacteria from the family of Azotobacteriaceae].

PMID- 13674049
TI  - [Acid-resistant variant of Azotobacter].

PMID- 13674050
TI  - [Nitrogen fixing capacity of mixed cultures of oligonitrophile microorganisms].

PMID- 13674051
TI  - [Study of the lag phase of microorganisms. I. Influence of external conditions on
      the length of the lag phase in Torulopsis utilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens].

PMID- 13674052
TI  - [Effect of the cultivation temperature on the process of adaptation of yeasts to
      fermentation of sucrose].

PMID- 13674053
TI  - [Adaptation of yeasts to pentoses. IV. Adaptation to arabinose of Torulopsis
      utilis].

PMID- 13674054
TI  - [A new species of lactobacillus].

PMID- 13674055
TI  - [Species mutual inhibition of Actinomycetes].

PMID- 13674056
TI  - [Accumulation of biomass in greatly altered variants of Aspergillus nidulans in
      various conditions of cultivation].

PMID- 13674057
TI  - [Certain features of development and physiology of metabolism of albomycin
      producers].

PMID- 13674058
TI  - [Effect of ultrasonics on certain actinophages and bacteriophages].

PMID- 13674059
TI  - [Source of carbon in the medium for qualitative assay of Azotobacter in the
      soil].

PMID- 13674060
TI  - [Utilization of water humus in the sea by microorganisms].

PMID- 13674061
TI  - [Distribution and biomass of microorganisms in the Azov sea].

PMID- 13674062
TI  - [Survival and productivity of yeasts during continuous fermentation of wood
      hydrolysates].

PMID- 13674064
TI  - [Prolonged storage of microcultures].

PMID- 13674063
TI  - [Determination of vitamins and antibiotics by diffusion in agar. I. Simplified
      computations for the cup method].

PMID- 13674065
TI  - [Laboratory apparatus for submerged cultivation of bacteria].

PMID- 13674066
TI  - [Utilization of the phenomena of bacteriophage for identification and
      classification of Actinomycetes].

PMID- 13674067
TI  - [History of the development of microbiology in Soviet Armenia].

PMID- 13674068
TI  - [Celebration in honor of Vladimir Nikolaevich Shaposhnikov].

PMID- 13674070
TI  - The association of health and social welfare problems in individuals and their
      families.

PMID- 13674069
TI  - Concerning high and low utilizers of service in a medical care plan, and the
      persistence of utilization levels over a three year period.

PMID- 13674071
TI  - Number of children expected in relation to non-familial activities of the wife.

PMID- 13674072
TI  - Birth and death registration in Massachusetts. III. The system achieves a form,
      1849-1869.

PMID- 13674073
TI  - Tropical jellyfish and other marine stingings.

PMID- 13674074
TI  - Veterinary medicine in the USSR.

PMID- 13674075
TI  - Flumethiazide, a new saluretic agent; its use in the office management of
      patients with moderately severe arterial hypertension.

PMID- 13674076
TI  - Is the cause of pes valgo-planus (flat feet) unknown.

PMID- 13674077
TI  - Centralized food service versus decentralized food service.

PMID- 13674078
TI  - We've made children welcome.

PMID- 13674079
TI  - Around the world.

PMID- 13674080
TI  - [Interaction between hexamethonium & 21-hydroxypregnandione].

PMID- 13674081
TI  - [Experimental research on a new respiratory analeptic, introduced by intracarotid
      route in cranial direction, in rabbits poisoned by barbiturates].

PMID- 13674082
TI  - [Considerations on the antinarcotic action of analeptic drugs introduced by
      intravenous route in the rabbit poisoned with barbiturates].

PMID- 13674083
TI  - [Fluothane in general surgery; introduction].

PMID- 13674084
TI  - [Preliminary experience on the pre-, per- & post-operative use of a new synthetic
      analgesic: 1-(2, 2-diphenyl-3-methyl-4-morpholino)-butyrylpyrrolidine bitartrate
      (R-875)].

PMID- 13674085
TI  - [1-(2,2-Diphenyl-3-methyl-4-morpholino)-butyrylpyrrolidine (R-875) as coadjuvant
      in general anesthesia].

PMID- 13674086
TI  - [A new muscle relaxant, methocarbamol, potentiating the effects of certain
      nonbarbituric hypnotics].

PMID- 13674087
TI  - [Use of the meprobamate-promethazine-meperidine combination in preanesthesia].

PMID- 13674088
TI  - [Use of 2-p-chlorophenyl-3-methyl-2, 3-butanodiol in anesthesia].

PMID- 13674089
TI  - [Use of K-strophanthin in the prevention & treatment of surgical shock].

PMID- 13674090
TI  - [Respiratory dynamics in laryngectomized patients].

PMID- 13674091
TI  - [Results & considerations on certain anesthetic technics in surgical collapse
      therapy].

PMID- 13674092
TI  - [A new muscle relaxant in electroshock therapy: succinyldisulfocholine].

PMID- 13674093
TI  - [Mechanism of action of pregnane-21-0l-3, 20-dione (viadril) on the neuromuscular
      system; experimental findings in dogs].

PMID- 13674094
TI  - [Enzymatic changes in various organs after prolonged ether anesthesia;
      histochemical study].

PMID- 13674095
TI  - [Potentiated extradural spinal anesthesia].

PMID- 13674096
TI  - [Anesthesiological problems in surgery of hypermetabolic goiter].

PMID- 13674097
TI  - [Brief note on a new synthetic analgesic: carbetidine hydrochloride].

PMID- 13674098
TI  - [Prevention of vomiting in emergency surgery with a new phenothiazine
      derivative].

PMID- 13674099
TI  - [Association of a new hypnotic with ultrashort action with succinylcholine
      chloride in electroshock therapy in anesthesia].

PMID- 13674100
TI  - [Use of succinylcholine in applications of forceps].

PMID- 13674101
TI  - [Anesthesia in cesarean section].

PMID- 13674102
TI  - [The jugular and hepatic venous pulse in diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases;
      the venous pulse in tricuspid defects and in constrictive pericarditis].

PMID- 13674103
TI  - [Quantitative analysis of the diastolic part of the pulmonary capillary pressure
      curve in differential diagnosis of mitral heart disease].

PMID- 13674104
TI  - [Various aspects of protein and glycoprotein metabolism in the blood of the
      coronary venous sinus after acute experimental ischemia of the myocardium].

PMID- 13674105
TI  - [Hematological changes secondary to selective abdominal arteriography by means of
      arterial catheterization].

PMID- 13674106
TI  - [Further study of the use of the internal mammary artery as a means of
      revascularization of the myocardium].

PMID- 13674107
TI  - [Comparative studies of the surgical risk and postoperative course in double
      valvulotomy for mitral and aortic stenosis and aortic valvulotomy alone].

PMID- 13674108
TI  - [Methyl ether of 16-alpha-chloroestrone in therapy of arteriosclerosis in
      humans].

PMID- 13674109
TI  - [First trials of the therapeutic use of phenoxyisopropyl-p-hydroxyephedrine in
      peripheral arteriopathy].

PMID- 13674110
TI  - [Percutaneous injections of the vertebral artery by posterior route; preventive
      note].

PMID- 13674111
TI  - [Problem of blood coagulation in goiter].

PMID- 13674112
TI  - [Histological study of the bladder in pregnant rabbits in rabbits treated with
      various hormones].

PMID- 13674113
TI  - [Skin homografts & castration in the male rat].

PMID- 13674114
TI  - [Acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis with sequelae of pseudocysts & thrombophlebitis
      of the splenic vein; surgical treatment; cure].

PMID- 13674115
TI  - [Case of duodenal atresia operated on with success].

PMID- 13674116
TI  - [So-called benign tumors of Vater's ampulla; their clinical importance & their
      treatment].

PMID- 13674117
TI  - [Approach routes to the mitral valve; note of surgical technic].

PMID- 13674118
TI  - [Coledochotomy for calculosis and biliary drainage].

PMID- 13674119
TI  - [Portal hypertension without obstruction; report of a case].

PMID- 13674120
TI  - [A case of testicular reticulosarcoma].

PMID- 13674121
TI  - [A case of granular cell myoblastomyoma with gingival localization].

PMID- 13674122
TI  - [Acute intestinal occlusion caused by endometrioma of the terminal ileum].

PMID- 13674123
TI  - [Electrophoresis of blood proteins in the postoperative period].

PMID- 13674124
TI  - [Exchange transfusion in experimental homoplastic skin transplantation].

PMID- 13674125
TI  - [Supplementary anastomotic vascularization in the renal parenchyma by means of
      pedicled skin grafts].

PMID- 13674126
TI  - [Water-electrolyte balance and continuous aspiration in intestinal occlusion in
      the aged].

PMID- 13674127
TI  - [Granuloma cicatriziale e morbus Boeck].

PMID- 13674128
TI  - The growth and development of dermatology in Great Britain.

PMID- 13674129
TI  - [Sulfur thermalism at Tabiano in dermatology].

PMID- 13674130
TI  - [Syphilis therapy with combined penicillin & bismuth in theoretical &
      experimental bases & in clinical results].

PMID- 13674131
TI  - [Heredity of psoriasis & the possibility of preventive therapy of
      heredopsoriasis].

PMID- 13674132
TI  - [Data on the relation between tickling & touch].

PMID- 13674133
TI  - [Latest data on lipoid necrobiosis].

PMID- 13674134
TI  - [De Duhring eczematoid dermatitis].

PMID- 13674135
TI  - [Congenital ectomesodermal abnormality of the skin].

PMID- 13674136
TI  - [Several details on the importance of the stromal reactions & cytochemistry of
      malignant cutaneous tumors].

PMID- 13674137
TI  - [Biological data on skin grafts. III. Glutamic oxalacetic transaminase].

PMID- 13674138
TI  - [Data on erythrodermic pigmentary reticulohistiocytosis of skin & lymph glands].

PMID- 13674139
TI  - [Therapeutic results with hydergine in angiodermatitis of the legs].

PMID- 13674140
TI  - [Acro-exposed eruptive erythemato-vesico-papulous dermatitis (Crosti-Gianotti
      dermatosis)].

PMID- 13674141
TI  - [Skin transplantation by transposition of flaps in vitiligo].

PMID- 13674142
TI  - [Oxidation of pyrogallic acid in subjects with patch tests positive to hydrogen
      peroxide & potassium dichromate].

PMID- 13674143
TI  - [More on histological differentiation between Duhring's dermatitis herpetiformis
      & true pemphigus].

PMID- 13674144
TI  - [Recurring lepromatous nodular hypodermitis].

PMID- 13674145
TI  - [So-called Oppenheim-Urbach necrobiosis lipoidica].

PMID- 13674146
TI  - [Acute hallucinatory psychoses caused by procaine penicillin in aqueous
      suspension].

PMID- 13674147
TI  - [Arteriosclerosis].

PMID- 13674148
TI  - [Cutaneous sarcoma on malignant granuloma].

PMID- 13674149
TI  - [New venereal disease: balanoposthitis due to Candida albicans].

PMID- 13674150
TI  - [Traumatic ulcer of the leg].

PMID- 13674151
TI  - [Clinical, nosological & etiopathogenetic problem of aphthosis & related
      cutaneomucous syndromes].

PMID- 13674152
TI  - [Experimental observations on antibodies & contact eczematous allergy].

PMID- 13674153
TI  - [Allergy to epsilon-caprolactam; concerning two clinical cases].

PMID- 13674154
TI  - [Erich Hoffmann (1868-1959)].

PMID- 13674155
TI  - [Sanctions for irregularities in insurance pharmaceutical aid].

PMID- 13674156
TI  - [Partnership in the pharmaceutical business].

PMID- 13674158
TI  - [Abyssinian tea, a narcotic drug].

PMID- 13674157
TI  - [Pharmaceutical and therapeutic history of the artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.)
      from antiquity to the present time].

PMID- 13674159
TI  - [Italian bibliography of the history of pharmacy].

PMID- 13674160
TI  - [Saffron and sarsaparilla in mythological legend and in the verses of Felice
      Romani, librettist of Bellini and Donizzetti].

PMID- 13674161
TI  - [Why are communal pharmacies wanted].

PMID- 13674162
TI  - [Municipalized pharmacies].

PMID- 13674163
TI  - [Pharmacists of the Renaissance; Carlo Cerato (1813-1886)].

PMID- 13674164
TI  - [Findings on the incidence of adenomyosis in 201 uteri subjected to surgery].

PMID- 13674165
TI  - [Experimental research on liver changes in pregnancy following administration of
      an unbalanced diet].

PMID- 13674166
TI  - [Report on allergy tests & ovarian cycle].

PMID- 13674167
TI  - [Peridural lumbar anesthesia in obstetrics & gynecology].

PMID- 13674168
TI  - [Considerations on the value of the iodine test in diagnosis of pregnancy].

PMID- 13674169
TI  - [Aspecific hyaluronidase inhibitor in blood in gynecological surgical
      interventions performed via abdominal & vaginal routes].

PMID- 13674170
TI  - [Intraepithelial pavement cell epithelioma diagnosed as the basis of
      leukoplakia].

PMID- 13674171
TI  - [Hysterosalpingography & kymographic registration of tubal peristalsis with a
      universal apparatus for hysterosalpingography & utero-tubal insufflation].

PMID- 13674172
TI  - [Cystomanometric findings in various obstetrical & gynecological conditions].

PMID- 13674173
TI  - [Continuous cystomanometric registration in the study of urinary incontinence in
      female].

PMID- 13674174
TI  - [Effect of prednisolone on pituitary of female rat].

PMID- 13674175
TI  - [Localization of Tricbomonas vaginalis in urinary tract of female].

PMID- 13674176
TI  - [Epidemic of staphylococcal gastroenteritis in newborn in a maternity ward].

PMID- 13674177
TI  - [Blood transaminases in gynecological surgery. I. Post-laparotomy levels].

PMID- 13674178
TI  - [Clinical & experimental research on a new progestational drug; 6 alpha-methyl-17
      alpha-hydroxyprogesterone acetate].

PMID- 13674179
TI  - [Traditions of Italo-Yugoslav medical relations].

PMID- 13674180
TI  - [Principal characteristics of the Health Service in the Yugoslav Federal People's
      Republic].

PMID- 13674181
TI  - [Union of Medical Societies of the Yugoslav Federal People's Republic:
      organization & activities].

PMID- 13674182
TI  - [Malaria & the antimalarial campaign in Yugoslavia].

PMID- 13674183
TI  - [Surgical treatment of benign stenosis of the esophagus].

PMID- 13674185
TI  - [Disseminated sclerosis in Bosnia & Herzegovina].

PMID- 13674184
TI  - [Tick-borne meningoencephalitis].

PMID- 13674186
TI  - [Syndrome of pulmonary hyaline membrane].

PMID- 13674187
TI  - [Ten years of treatment (1947-1957) of tuberculous meningitis].

PMID- 13674188
TI  - [Applications of the electromagnet to ocular surgery].

PMID- 13674189
TI  - [Present problems of dermatomycoses in Yugoslavia].

PMID- 13674190
TI  - [Hemolytic disease of the newborn due to Rh & A-B isoimmunization].

PMID- 13674192
TI  - [Yugoslavia, between Western & Oriental medicine].

PMID- 13674191
TI  - [Personal concepts on the etiopathogenesis of allergic manifestations].

PMID- 13674193
TI  - [Medical publication in Yugoslavia].

PMID- 13674194
TI  - [The Medical School in Yugoslavia].

PMID- 13674195
TI  - [Manlio Bertini, 1909-1959].

PMID- 13674196
TI  - [Possibilities and limitations of cytohistological examination of sputum with the
      inclusion technic in early diagnosis of pulmonary neoplasms].

PMID- 13674197
TI  - [Effect of pyridostigmine bromide on exocrine secretion of the pancreas].

PMID- 13674198
TI  - [Lesions of the white substance in acute anterior poliomyelitis].

PMID- 13674199
TI  - [How to examine a subject of barbiturate poisoning].

PMID- 13674200
TI  - [Incidence of malignant tumors of the respiratory tract in Italy (1931-1955)].

PMID- 13674201
TI  - [The symbolic language of chemistry].

PMID- 13674202
TI  - [Pharmacology of prochlorperazine].

PMID- 13674203
TI  - [Prochlorperazine in therapy of nausea and vomiting in patients of heart disease
      after digitalis therapy].

PMID- 13674204
TI  - [Use of a new phenothiazine derivative, prochlorperazine].

PMID- 13674205
TI  - [Prochlorperazine in neuropsychiatry].

PMID- 13674206
TI  - [Use of a new antiemetic and tranquilizing agent in surgery; first trials].

PMID- 13674207
TI  - [Preliminary notes on tranquilizing action of a new phenothiazine derivative].

PMID- 13674208
TI  - [Use of prochlorperazine as adjuvant in therapy of secondary phenomena in cancer
      patients].

PMID- 13674209
TI  - [Results of therapy of postoperative vomiting with a new phenothiazine
      derivative, stemetil].

PMID- 13674210
TI  - [First tests of a new phenothiazine derivative, stemetil].

PMID- 13674211
TI  - [Clinical indications for prochlorperazine as a supplement to peripheral
      anesthesia].

PMID- 13674212
TI  - [First clinical observations on the therapeutic uses of a new tranquilizing
      phenothiazine derivative in internal medicine].

PMID- 13674213
TI  - [A new tranquilizing and anti-emetic drug of the phenothiazine group:
      prochlorperazine].

PMID- 13674214
TI  - [Clinical study of prochlorperazine, a new tranquilizing phenothiazine
      derivative].

PMID- 13674215
TI  - [Use of prochlorperazine (stemetil, Farmitalia) as tranquilizing agent in
      neuropsychiatry].

PMID- 13674216
TI  - [Notes on the use of a new tranquilizing agent as sedative in insomnia in
      surgical patients; stemetil].

PMID- 13674217
TI  - [Notes on the use of a new tranquilizing drug in surgical patients].

PMID- 13674218
TI  - [Effect of cortisone on changes in erythrocytic enzymatic activity induced by
      sera containing autoantibodies].

PMID- 13674219
TI  - [EEG findings in subjects of enuresis (56 cases)].

PMID- 13674220
TI  - [Psoriasis and menarche].

PMID- 13674221
TI  - [Effect of mercurial diuretics on renal function and on the principle aspects of
      hydrosaline balance in cardiac insufficiency].

PMID- 13674223
TI  - [How to examine a comatose patient].

PMID- 13674222
TI  - [Peptic ulcer].

PMID- 13674224
TI  - [Sprue syndrome and celiac disease].

PMID- 13674225
TI  - [The life and work of Francesco Maria Fiorentini, a physician of Lucca in the
      17th century Varia].

PMID- 13674226
TI  - [Recording of temperature changes in the cardiac cavity induced by intravenous
      introduction of cold physiological solution in diagnosis of congenital heart
      disease].

PMID- 13674227
TI  - [So-called burr red cells in diagnosis of toxi-hemolytic anemia, with special
      reference to uremic anemia].

PMID- 13674228
TI  - [Oral therapy of diabetes mellitus with N-tolyl-sulfonyl-N'-cyclohexyl urea (K
      386 or diaboral). III. Various endocrine and metabolic aspects].

PMID- 13674229
TI  - [Exposure of patients to radiations due to x-ray diagnostic investigations].

PMID- 13674230
TI  - [Teofrasto Renaudot (1586-1653) genial physician, founder of the first political
      newspaper; points for a history of medical journalism].

PMID- 13674231
TI  - [Surgical treatment of mitral stenosis in pregnancy; on 26 personal
      observations].

PMID- 13674232
TI  - [Clinical & functional data on the effects of a mecamylamine-reserpine
      combination in hypertension].

PMID- 13674233
TI  - [Medullary pseudoaplasia with leukemoid manifestation & hemorrhagic herpes zoster
      in relation to prednisone treatment for ulcerative colitis].

PMID- 13674234
TI  - [Use of iproniazid in the treatment of angina pectoris].

PMID- 13674235
TI  - [Surgical treatment of anterior epistaxis; proposal of a simple surgical method].

PMID- 13674236
TI  - [Behavior of blood coagulation in the course of antimitotic treatment with CB
      1348].

PMID- 13674237
TI  - [Diverticulosis of the large intestine and its inflammatory complications;
      clinico-radiological aspects and problems of differential diagnosis from cancer].

PMID- 13674238
TI  - [Idiopathic hemochromatosis; case report, clinical and histopathological
      aspects].

PMID- 13674239
TI  - [Vestibular function in hypertensive patients].

PMID- 13674240
TI  - [Spontaneous valvular pneumocranium of very unusual pathogenesis; osteoma of the
      frontal sinus with endosinusal polyp].

PMID- 13674241
TI  - [Morgagni-Larrey diaphragmatic hernia; clinicoradiological study & casuistic
      contribution].

PMID- 13674242
TI  - [Radiological determination of the volume of the kidney in the normal subject].

PMID- 13674243
TI  - [Carcinoma of the breast in advanced age; clinical contribution].

PMID- 13674244
TI  - [Case of evolutive tuberculosis of Fowler's segment after homolateral superior
      lobectomy; clinicoradiological data & pathogenetic considerations].

PMID- 13674245
TI  - [Intestinal absorption of monosaccharides].

PMID- 13674246
TI  - [Hematopoietic fractions in hypoplasia & in leukoses].

PMID- 13674247
TI  - [Radiological notes on pseudo-tumoral tuberculosis of the lung, gastrointestinal
      tract and brain].

PMID- 13674248
TI  - [Differences between radiological aspects and bronchospirometric findings in
      pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13674249
TI  - [Adenosine preparations and oxygen therapy in cardio-circulatory preparation of
      patients undergoing surgery for chronic pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13674250
TI  - [The effect of antibiotics on the anatomical aspects and complications in
      diabetic tuberculosis patients].

PMID- 13674251
TI  - [Notes on the most frequent types of arterial hypertension associated with
      pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13674252
TI  - [The electrocardiogram in hypertensive tuberculosis patients].

PMID- 13674253
TI  - [An unusual clinical and histological picture of generalized tuberculous
      lymphogranulomatosis].

PMID- 13674254
TI  - [The effect of specific antibacterials on tuberculous caverns of the lung].

PMID- 13674255
TI  - [Vertebral hyperostosing disco-somatic arthrosis].

PMID- 13674256
TI  - [Intra-arterial route for introduction of radioactive isotopes into the kidney;
      experimental studies].

PMID- 13674257
TI  - [A case of Besnier-Boeck-Schaumann disease with predominantly mediastinal lymph
      node localization].

PMID- 13674258
TI  - [How to examine a patient of porphyria].

PMID- 13674259
TI  - [What is pruritus].

PMID- 13674260
TI  - [Considerations on the use of radioisotopes in clinical research].

PMID- 13674262
TI  - [Preliminary experience with a new apparatus for autoscanning].

PMID- 13674261
TI  - [Clinical radioisotopographic contribution].

PMID- 13674263
TI  - [Use of the scintigram in the diagnosis of thyroid tumors].

PMID- 13674264
TI  - [Hepatography & study of hepatic function by means of rose bengal with
      radioiodine].

PMID- 13674265
TI  - [Demonstration by means of radioiodine of a relation between congenital myxedema
      & thyroid ectopia].

PMID- 13674266
TI  - [Use of radioiodine in pregnancy].

PMID- 13674267
TI  - [In vivo measurement of fixation of stable iodine by the human thyroid by means
      of radioiodine].

PMID- 13674268
TI  - [Continuous electrophoresis applied to the study of radioactive iodated
      hormones].

PMID- 13674269
TI  - [Quantitative radiocardiography: three years of clinical experience].

PMID- 13674270
TI  - [Informatory concepts on treatment of bone cysts].

PMID- 13674271
TI  - [Experimental osteochondrodysplasia; anatomico-histological study on the chick
      embryo].

PMID- 13674272
TI  - [Recklinghausen's osteopathy: iconographic contribution].

PMID- 13674273
TI  - [Considerations on a case of central luxation of the foot].

PMID- 13674274
TI  - [Indications for myeloscopic research in diagnosis of lumbar sciatalgia due to
      diskal hernia, as seen by a surgeon].

PMID- 13674275
TI  - [Acute & chronic osteomyelitis].

PMID- 13674276
TI  - [Histamine content of the turbinal mucosa in patients with simple & vasomotor
      rhinopathies].

PMID- 13674277
TI  - [Morphological & histochemical appearance of the human palatine tonsil with a new
      staining method].

PMID- 13674279
TI  - [Preliminary observations on nystagmus induced by means of subarachnoid injection
      of air].

PMID- 13674278
TI  - [Five years of experience in the systematic rhinological use of a cholinergic
      adrenergic medicamentous combination; clinicostatistical & radiostratigraphic
      study].

PMID- 13674280
TI  - [A new type of treatment of auricular inflammation otocones].

PMID- 13674281
TI  - [Studies of the aspecific antistaphylococcic factor in the blood].

PMID- 13674282
TI  - [Blood coagulation in premature infants].

PMID- 13674283
TI  - [Notes on encephalographic and radiological aspects of mongolism].

PMID- 13674284
TI  - [Notes on several cases of whooping-cough treated with spiramycin].

PMID- 13674285
TI  - [Vitamin E levels in the blood in newborn infants; experimental studies].

PMID- 13674286
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13674287
TI  - [Several criteria for diagnosis of protein deficiency in children].

PMID- 13674288
TI  - [Effect of an anabolic steroid (4-chlorotestosterone acetate) on body growth and
      chemical composition in young rats].

PMID- 13674289
TI  - [Effect of an anabolic steroid (4-chlorotestosterone) on several aspects of
      protein and lipid metabolism in nephrotic syndrome].

PMID- 13674290
TI  - [Capacity of protein synthesis of the liver and kidney in states of organic
      protein deficiency].

PMID- 13674291
TI  - [Metabolic studies in healthy and dystrophic children made with I 131-labeled
      albumin].

PMID- 13674292
TI  - [Sedimentation of perchloro-soluble proteins].

PMID- 13674293
TI  - [Half-life of erythrocytes and splenohepatic uptake in hemolytic anemia].

PMID- 13674294
TI  - [Plasma and erythrocyte volume and half-life of erythrocytes in congenital heart
      disease].

PMID- 13674295
TI  - [Plasma and erythrocyte volume and half-life of erythrocytes in premature
      infants].

PMID- 13674296
TI  - [Alkaline denaturation of normal adult hemoglobin].

PMID- 13674297
TI  - [Determination of the phage-neutralizing property in the blood of newborn infants
      and of mothers of the properdin system as a method of evaluating the latter].

PMID- 13674298
TI  - [Properdin in pediatric clinical medicine].

PMID- 13674299
TI  - [Notes on drepanocytosis and thalassodrepanocytosis in Sicily].

PMID- 13674301
TI  - [Studies of the coronary and great vessels at birth].

PMID- 13674300
TI  - [Several methods capable of reducing bilirubinemia in newborn infants].

PMID- 13674302
TI  - [Cysto-sphincteromanometric research after lumbar gangliectomy operations].

PMID- 13674303
TI  - [Tuberculous ureteritis].

PMID- 13674304
TI  - [Value of angiographic research in diagnosis of tumors of the kidney].

PMID- 13674305
TI  - [Primary cancer of the seminal vesicles].

PMID- 13674306
TI  - [Evaluation of global blood coagulability in the postoperative syndrome by the
      urea test].

PMID- 13674307
TI  - [Study of blood coagulation changes in prostatic diseases with special reference
      to fibrinolysis].

PMID- 13674308
TI  - [Renal arteriography].

PMID- 13674309
TI  - [Evaluation of global blood coagulability in hyperazotemic patients].

PMID- 13674310
TI  - [Effects of testosterone on dehydrogenase activity of the liver].

PMID- 13674311
TI  - [Injection by ascending pyelic route of a perirenal hematoma evacuated into the
      excretory pathways].

PMID- 13674312
TI  - [Clinical experience with buscopan compositum in urology].

PMID- 13674313
TI  - [Combined estrogen & cortisone therapy in prostate carcinomas].

PMID- 13674314
TI  - [Treatment of infections of the urinary tract with N-(5-nitro-2-furfurilidene)-1
      aminohydantoin (furadantin)].

PMID- 13674315
TI  - Resuscitation of the heart.

PMID- 13674316
TI  - Gouty arthritis; current concepts in treatment and control.

PMID- 13674317
TI  - Early diagnosis and treatment of rectal and sigmoid colon neoplasms.

PMID- 13674318
TI  - Massive small bowel resection.

PMID- 13674319
TI  - The detached syndrome in the aged; some aspects in management.

PMID- 13674320
TI  - Diabetic acidosis complicated by acute renal failure.

PMID- 13674321
TI  - Levator spasm syndrome.

PMID- 13674322
TI  - Use of the Hubbard tank as an adjunct in the management of severe burns.

PMID- 13674323
TI  - Metabolic bone diseases.

PMID- 13674325
TI  - Childbirth after pneumonectomy.

PMID- 13674324
TI  - Dispensing drugs; House File. No. 496.

PMID- 13674326
TI  - Antibiotic combination therapy in acute and chronic urinary infections.

PMID- 13674327
TI  - Tendon injuries.

PMID- 13674328
TI  - Applied anatomy for ptosis surgery.

PMID- 13674329
TI  - Large colloid goiters with substernal components.

PMID- 13674330
TI  - The management of urinary calculi in general practice.

PMID- 13674331
TI  - The troublesome and dangerous diarrheas.

PMID- 13674332
TI  - Spiramycin; clinical evaluation in infections due to gram-positive organisms.

PMID- 13674333
TI  - Volvulus of the transverse colon due to congenital bands.

PMID- 13674334
TI  - Intractable heart failure; a study of underlying factors.

PMID- 13674335
TI  - I have my M.D.: what now.

PMID- 13674336
TI  - [Pantothenic acid treatment of paralytic ileus & intestinal atony (subileus) in
      infants & children].

PMID- 13674337
TI  - [Change of bone growth caused by inflammation & inactivity].

PMID- 13674339
TI  - [Efficacy of a depot sulfonamide in bacterial infections in infants & children].

PMID- 13674338
TI  - [Carbohydrate metabolism, behavior of fructose-1, 6-diphosphate spliting aldolase
      in blood & functional change of the growth of the liver in newborn & young
      infants].

PMID- 13674340
TI  - [Presence of blood proteins in human milk].

PMID- 13674341
TI  - [Enzyme activity (amylase, lipase, trypsin) & sulfonamides].

PMID- 13674342
TI  - [Persistent truncus arteriosus in a 13 year old boy].

PMID- 13674344
TI  - [Pharmacology & toxicology; diseases caused by external influences].

PMID- 13674343
TI  - [Contribution to the pathogenesis of noma in children & of renal changes in the
      course of lymphosarcoma].

PMID- 13674345
TI  - [Study on the Sturge-Weber syndrome].

PMID- 13674346
TI  - [Generalized anaphylactic toxic blood vessel wall injury with sinus thrombosis
      after active diphtheria vaccination with a study on the etiology and pathogenesis
      of organic blood vessel diseases].

PMID- 13674347
TI  - [Dosage problem in therapy of suppurative meningitis].

PMID- 13674348
TI  - [Follow-up studies in thrombopenic purpura].

PMID- 13674349
TI  - [Abacterial toxic gastroenteritis in infants].

PMID- 13674350
TI  - [Clinical picture and significance of intestinal allergy to cow's milk in
      infants].

PMID- 13674351
TI  - [Essential fatty acids in infant nutrition].

PMID- 13674352
TI  - [Tetany syndrome in a 4 1/2 year old boy after perphenazine administration].

PMID- 13674353
TI  - [Experimental study on functional analysis of sound conduction disorders].

PMID- 13674354
TI  - [Nerve decompression in facial paralysis in children].

PMID- 13674355
TI  - [An explanation of giant cell formation in regeneration of nasal mucosa].

PMID- 13674356
TI  - [Animal experimental-histological studies on submucous imbedding of fishbones].

PMID- 13674357
TI  - [Unusual clinical picture of lymphohemangiohamartoma in an infant].

PMID- 13674358
TI  - [Problem of implantation metastasis by intubation anesthesia in surgery of cancer
      of the larynx].

PMID- 13674359
TI  - [Study on etiology of malignant tumors in esophageal stenosis after
      cauterizations with caustic substances].

PMID- 13674360
TI  - [Traumatic subdural hemorrhage from the pons veins in abnormal dura bone].

PMID- 13674361
TI  - [Capsulitis after finger joint trauma].

PMID- 13674362
TI  - [Anomaly of the extensor pollicis longus as cause of persistent peritenonitis
      crepitans].

PMID- 13674363
TI  - [Problem of accident expert testimony].

PMID- 13674364
TI  - [Aortic rupture as an accident sequel].

PMID- 13674365
TI  - Coronary artery disease. II. Exercise, and dietary fat.

PMID- 13674366
TI  - RADIOACTIVE Substances Advisory Commitee: recommendations of Panel on Radiation
      Hazards during disposal of radioactive corpses.

PMID- 13674367
TI  - A family outbreak of Salmonella thompson infection.

PMID- 13674368
TI  - A case of meningitis caused by Listeria monocytogenes.

PMID- 13674369
TI  - [Operative treatment of flatfoot].

PMID- 13674370
TI  - [Acute urological incidents & the general practitioner].

PMID- 13674371
TI  - [Problem of rabies].

PMID- 13674372
TI  - [Observations on vaginal tampons in adolescents: experiences from practice of
      vocational school physicians].

PMID- 13674373
TI  - [Therapy of arthrosis of the knee joint with intra-articular decortin-H
      crystalline suspension & ichtholan-permanent bandage].

PMID- 13674374
TI  - [Investigation of the antimycotic effect of boric, tartaric & citric acids].

PMID- 13674375
TI  - [Hans Berger: a biography of the discoverer of the electroencephalogram].

PMID- 13674376
TI  - [Obstetrical & gynecological side lights from Indonesia].

PMID- 13674378
TI  - [Parotid tumors & their treatment].

PMID- 13674377
TI  - [Clinical aspects & differential diagnosis of swellings of the salivary glands;
      cases of sialo-adenitis & sialo-adenosis].

PMID- 13674379
TI  - [The problem of voice changes during pregnancy].

PMID- 13674380
TI  - [Hazards of cardiac catheterization].

PMID- 13674381
TI  - [Treatment of acute hypnotic poisoning].

PMID- 13674382
TI  - [Industrial medicine in West Germany].

PMID- 13674383
TI  - [Experiences in determining the efficacy of a new thipendyl compound, dominal
      forte, in preparation of anesthesia in surgery & gynecology].

PMID- 13674384
TI  - [Rational combination therapy of polyarthritis & arthrosis with delat
      butazolidine].

PMID- 13674385
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13674386
TI  - [Diagnosis & pathophysiology of pulmonary stenosis with intact septum].

PMID- 13674387
TI  - [Contribution to the treatment of Candida mycoses of the lungs].

PMID- 13674388
TI  - [Acquired toxoplasmosis; clinical & serological observations in acute & chronic
      cases].

PMID- 13674389
TI  - [Fatal anaphylactic shock after second injection of bromsulphalein].

PMID- 13674390
TI  - [Industrial medical prophylaxis & treatment of mycosis with multifungin].

PMID- 13674391
TI  - [Adjustment of the body fluid balance in chronic liver diseases with orotic acid
      & purines (purinor)].

PMID- 13674392
TI  - [Contribution to the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia with erythrophyll in
      intravenous & supraorbital administration].

PMID- 13674393
TI  - [Medical care in Egypt].

PMID- 13674394
TI  - [Viruses of the gastrointestinal & respiratory tracts].

PMID- 13674395
TI  - [Accidents & insurance medicine].

PMID- 13674396
TI  - [Surgery of the esophagus].

PMID- 13674397
TI  - [Study of nocturnal enuresis based on experiences in educational counseling with
      special reference to spontaneous pollakiuria as therapy].

PMID- 13674398
TI  - [Nil nocere! Acute phenacetin poisoning in young infants].

PMID- 13674399
TI  - [Alcoholism and gastric resection].

PMID- 13674400
TI  - [The problem of labor].

PMID- 13674401
TI  - [Therapeutic experiences with the new gastric organ preparation, gastrex, in
      ulcus ventriculi and ulcus duodeni].

PMID- 13674402
TI  - [The National Health Service in Great Britain].

PMID- 13674403
TI  - [Is mobilization of the spine under anesthesia a medical technical error].

PMID- 13674404
TI  - [Blood transfusion from the viewpoint of the clinic].

PMID- 13674405
TI  - [Achilles tendon rupture in skiing].

PMID- 13674406
TI  - [Circulatory health & disease in high mountainous climates].

PMID- 13674407
TI  - [Pathogenesis of bilateral gangrene of the lower leg in a youth following cold
      trauma].

PMID- 13674409
TI  - [Index methods in medical documentation].

PMID- 13674408
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13674410
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13674412
TI  - [Current status of bronchology].

PMID- 13674411
TI  - [Psoriasis - course and complications].

PMID- 13674413
TI  - [Observations on the respiratory tract, especially the nose and its medical
      therapy].

PMID- 13674414
TI  - [Difficulties of evaluation of neurotic symptoms; case report].

PMID- 13674415
TI  - [Reduction of maternal mortality; conclusions from Hamburg district statistics
      1953-1958].

PMID- 13674417
TI  - [The obstetrical significance of ecbolics].

PMID- 13674418
TI  - [Physical therapy and balneotherapy of gynecological diseases].

PMID- 13674416
TI  - [Stenocardia and its therapy].

PMID- 13674419
TI  - [States and results of vaccination against poliomyelitis].

PMID- 13674420
TI  - [Fistula carcinoma in chronic osteomyelitis].

PMID- 13674421
TI  - [Treatment of digitalis intoxication with calcium salts].

PMID- 13674422
TI  - [Critical evaluation of results of treatment in female sterility].

PMID- 13674423
TI  - [Clinical and experimental studies on the cardiovascular effect of organic,
      intravenous administration of sulfur combinations (ichthophen)].

PMID- 13674424
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13674425
TI  - [Legal medicine].

PMID- 13674426
TI  - [Achalasia of the esophagus].

PMID- 13674427
TI  - [Influenza mortality in the fall of 1957].

PMID- 13674428
TI  - [Pneumonia in aged].

PMID- 13674429
TI  - [First experiences with the new analeptic micoren in pulmonary insufficiency].

PMID- 13674430
TI  - [Acute thrombopenic purpura complicating infectious mononucleosis].

PMID- 13674431
TI  - [Necrotizing angiitis with special reference to its association with skin
      disorders].

PMID- 13674433
TI  - [Surgical lengthening of bones].

PMID- 13674432
TI  - [Decompensated tales equinus].

PMID- 13674434
TI  - [Primary fixation of fractures of the lower leg].

PMID- 13674435
TI  - [An unusual case of allergy in gynecology].

PMID- 13674436
TI  - [Antitussive drugs].

PMID- 13674437
TI  - [Surgical treatment of acute fatal pulmonary embolism (Trendelenburg's
      operation)].

PMID- 13674438
TI  - [Collodion baby].

PMID- 13674439
TI  - [The so-called sequestration of the lungs].

PMID- 13674440
TI  - [Useful notes. II].

PMID- 13674441
TI  - [Anesthesia & disinfection].

PMID- 13674442
TI  - [Experiences with pertranquil (meprobamate Lepetit)].

PMID- 13674443
TI  - [Care for the aged surgical patient].

PMID- 13674445
TI  - [Cold extremities].

PMID- 13674444
TI  - [G 29505].

PMID- 13674446
TI  - [Studies on the incidence & course of warts in school children].

PMID- 13674447
TI  - [The influenza epidemics of 1918 & 1957].

PMID- 13674448
TI  - [A case of progressive lipodystrophy].

PMID- 13674449
TI  - [A young man with a scrotal tumor].

PMID- 13674450
TI  - [In memoriam: Albert Polman].

PMID- 13674451
TI  - [History of anatomopathological research in Nijmegen].

PMID- 13674452
TI  - [Herpes neonatal jaundice].

PMID- 13674453
TI  - [Application of the tissue culture method to pathology].

PMID- 13674454
TI  - [Tissue culture of lymphatic glands from patients with Hodgkin's disease].

PMID- 13674455
TI  - [Tissue cultures from mammary tumors].

PMID- 13674456
TI  - [The production of freeze tissue cuts with the help of a cryostat].

PMID- 13674457
TI  - [Congenital & familial liver disorders].

PMID- 13674458
TI  - [Histochemical observations on the development of Aschoff's nodules].

PMID- 13674459
TI  - [Anesthesia in curettage].

PMID- 13674460
TI  - [Chronic subdural hematoma in old age].

PMID- 13674461
TI  - [Classification of bronchial asthma into atopical & non-atopical forms].

PMID- 13674462
TI  - [A case of arterial embolism].

PMID- 13674463
TI  - [Donders as a precursor of Darwin in his concept of evolution].

PMID- 13674464
TI  - [Remarks on hemodynamic consequences of stenosis].

PMID- 13674465
TI  - [Development of blood pressure after surgery of coarctation of aorta].

PMID- 13674466
TI  - [Influenzal virus pneumonia in chronic heart & lung diseases].

PMID- 13674467
TI  - [Lobar emphysema in children].

PMID- 13674468
TI  - [The Spanish & the Asian influenza].

PMID- 13674469
TI  - [Cold].

PMID- 13674470
TI  - [Implantation of artificial lenses into the eye; new pupil or iris clip lens
      fixation method].

PMID- 13674471
TI  - [Parkinson's disease treated with neuroleptics].

PMID- 13674472
TI  - [The value of the ether-serum test in obstructive jaundice].

PMID- 13674473
TI  - [A rare form of diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis].

PMID- 13674474
TI  - [Useful notes No. 3].

PMID- 13674475
TI  - [Hypothermia in heart surgery].

PMID- 13674476
TI  - [Infectious shock, adrenal hemorrhage & corticosteroid therapy].

PMID- 13674477
TI  - [Epidemic Shigella sonnei infection in 1955].

PMID- 13674478
TI  - [Value of certain methods of study of peripheral arterial circulation].

PMID- 13674480
TI  - [A case of liver disorder].

PMID- 13674479
TI  - [Isolated fracture of the hamular process].

PMID- 13674481
TI  - [Gluten-free diet for patients without celiac disease].

PMID- 13674482
TI  - [Aorto-arteriography & visceral aortography; instrumentarium & technic].

PMID- 13674483
TI  - [Treatment of prolonged unconsciousness following brain injury, with special
      reference to decerebrate rigidity].

PMID- 13674485
TI  - [Industrial accidents].

PMID- 13674484
TI  - [Arterial oxygen insufflation as therapy of peripheral vascular diseases].

PMID- 13674486
TI  - [A strange rectal finding, in digital touch examination].

PMID- 13674487
TI  - [Phoniatrics in Scandinavia].

PMID- 13674488
TI  - [To A. van Leent on the 60th anniversary of his medical licensure].

PMID- 13674489
TI  - Not Available.

PMID- 13674490
TI  - [Corporeality and hypochondria].

PMID- 13674491
TI  - [Cricumscript hypochondrias, delusions of dermatosis or tactile hallucinations].

PMID- 13674492
TI  - [Actual problems on the pathogenesis and therapy of alcoholism].

PMID- 13674494
TI  - [Thrombosis hazard in chlorpromazine and reserpine therapy of endogenous
      psychoses].

PMID- 13674493
TI  - [The structure of determination and degree of freedom in legal evalution of
      neuroses].

PMID- 13674495
TI  - [A possible conditioned reflex hypoglycemia].

PMID- 13674496
TI  - [Documentation of findings and statistics in English psychiatry].

PMID- 13674497
TI  - [Drug therapy of endogenous psychoses].

PMID- 13674498
TI  - [Treatment of endogenous psychoses with perphenazine (decentan)].

PMID- 13674499
TI  - [Possibilities of target therapy; combined reserpine-phenothiazine therapy of
      schizophrenia].

PMID- 13674500
TI  - [A hallucinogenic agent from the morphinan group].

PMID- 13674501
TI  - [Hazards of bromine therapy in brain arteriosclerosis].

PMID- 13674502
TI  - [The anticonvulsant phenuron; review of the literature and some experiences].

PMID- 13674503
TI  - [Psychotropic pharmacological agents and psychic epilepsy; experiences with
      weckamine shock in psychomotor epilepsy].

PMID- 13674504
TI  - [Psychopathological problems with neuroleptically treated schizophrenic verbal
      hallucinations].

PMID- 13674505
TI  - [Detention institution or sanatorium; example Illenau at Achern in Baden].

PMID- 13674506
TI  - [Measurement of vibration sensation by means of the audiometer and results of
      this study in stuttering].

PMID- 13674507
TI  - Portal hypertension and bleeding esophageal varices; their occurrence in the
      absence of both intrahepatic and extrahepatic obstruction of the portal vein.

PMID- 13674508
TI  - Pathogenesis of hypofibrinogenemia in placental abruption.

PMID- 13674509
TI  - Serious complications of peptic ulcer after acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 13674510
TI  - [Exfoliative cytology in metastatic cancer of the lung].

PMID- 13674511
TI  - Serotonin.

PMID- 13674512
TI  - Nerve compression due to a tight watchband.

PMID- 13674513
TI  - Hyperparathyroidism and pancreatitis; report of a case.

PMID- 13674514
TI  - CASE RECORDS of the Massachusetts General Hospital; case 45311.

PMID- 13674515
TI  - CASE RECORDS of the Massachusetts General Hospital; case 45312.

PMID- 13674516
TI  - The articular manifestations of chronic ulcerative colitis; an analysis of 555
      cases.

PMID- 13674517
TI  - A clinical study of the effects of hydrochlorothiazide on the renal excretion of
      electrolytes and free water.

PMID- 13674518
TI  - Subcutaneous, mediastinal and probable subpericardial emphysema treated with
      recompression.

PMID- 13674519
TI  - Mitral insufficiency due to ruptured chordae tendineae simulating aortic
      stenosis.

PMID- 13674520
TI  - Antibiotics other than penicillin in the treatment of syphilis.

PMID- 13674521
TI  - Pancreatic surgery.

PMID- 13674522
TI  - Nonbacterial suppurative arthritis as a complication of ulcerative colitis;
      report of two cases.

PMID- 13674523
TI  - Effect of chlorothiazide therapy on serum uric acid and uric acid excretion.

PMID- 13674524
TI  - William Walker, filibustering physician.

PMID- 13674525
TI  - CASE RECORDS of the Massachusetts General Hospital; case 45321.

PMID- 13674526
TI  - CASE RECORDS of the Massachusetts General Hospital; case 45322.

PMID- 13674527
TI  - Inherited hemorrhagic disorder with antihemophilic globulin deficiency and
      prolonged bleeding time (vascular hemophilia).

PMID- 13674528
TI  - Massive periaortic and periarterial fibrosis; report of a case.

PMID- 13674529
TI  - Effect of epinephrine and posterior pituitary extract on the wedged-hepatic-vein
      pressure in normal patients and in those with liver disease.

PMID- 13674530
TI  - The tuberculin reaction in female hospital patients.

PMID- 13674531
TI  - An epidemic of human ringworm due to Trichophyton verrucosum.

PMID- 13674532
TI  - Pancreatic surgery.

PMID- 13674533
TI  - Immunologic response to tetanus toxoid inoculation in patients with hepatic
      cirrhosis.

PMID- 13674534
TI  - CURRENT concepts in therapy; treatment of staphylococcal infections. II. Specific
      antistaphylococcal therapy.

PMID- 13674535
TI  - CASE RECORDS of the Massachusetts General Hospital; case 45331.

PMID- 13674536
TI  - Tranquilizers in the office practice of medicine.

PMID- 13674537
TI  - Tonsillectomy and allergy.

PMID- 13674538
TI  - Povidone-iodine shampoo for seborrheic dermatitis and pyodermas.

PMID- 13674539
TI  - An artery scissors and thumb forceps.

PMID- 13674540
TI  - Myocardial infarction during gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

PMID- 13674541
TI  - Triad of socio- and psychopathology among institutionalized children with
      behavior disorders; illegitimacy-illiteracy-illegality.

PMID- 13674542
TI  - Office treatment of depressive states with a new drug (imipramine).

PMID- 13674543
TI  - Nutrition for the noningesting patient.

PMID- 13674544
TI  - CLINICOPATHOLOGIC conference.

PMID- 13674545
TI  - The span from rat to man.

PMID- 13674546
TI  - Cardiovascular collapse during transurethral procedure.

PMID- 13674547
TI  - Attempted suicides and other emergencies.

PMID- 13674548
TI  - Evaluation of operative risk in patients with cancer.

PMID- 13674549
TI  - Chester Averill and the chlorination of drinking water.

PMID- 13674550
TI  - Measurement of gonadal radiations during treatment for tinea capitis.

PMID- 13674551
TI  - Permanent tubeless tracheal vent for cough syncope and pulmonary insufficiency
      due to emphysema; with an analysis of treated cases and emphasis on late results.

PMID- 13674552
TI  - Exfoiiative cytology of gastric and esophageal lesions; an aid to differential
      diagnosis of carcinoma.

PMID- 13674553
TI  - Use of the seminar in the teaching of psychiatry.

PMID- 13674554
TI  - Clinical evaluation of parabromdylamine maleate in patients with respiratory
      allergies.

PMID- 13674555
TI  - Communicable disease protection.

PMID- 13674556
TI  - Saint's triad.

PMID- 13674557
TI  - Treatment of carcinoma of the lung.

PMID- 13674559
TI  - CARDIOVASCULAR collapse following spinal anesthesia.

PMID- 13674560
TI  - BRIEFS on accidental chemical poisonings in New York City from the Poison Control
      Center, New York City Department of Health; miscellaneous incidents.

PMID- 13674558
TI  - CLINICOPATHOLOGIC conference.

PMID- 13674561
TI  - Cancer detection in the private office.

PMID- 13674562
TI  - Eosinophilic granuloma of the lung.

PMID- 13674563
TI  - Silent myocardial infarction complicating massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

PMID- 13674564
TI  - [Inflammatory lesions of the salivary glands].

PMID- 13674565
TI  - [The salivary glands under normal & pathological conditions].

PMID- 13674566
TI  - [Surgical treatment of salivary gland diseases & its complications].

PMID- 13674567
TI  - [Amphotericin B in cryptococcal meningitis].

PMID- 13674568
TI  - [Benign familial jaundice & chronic idiopathic jaundice].

PMID- 13674569
TI  - [Regional enteritis].

PMID- 13674570
TI  - [In memoriam Hugo Laurell].

PMID- 13674571
TI  - [Characteristics of the northern natural development; boreo-alpine species].

PMID- 13674572
TI  - [Sideroblasts & siderocytes].

PMID- 13674573
TI  - [Sideroblasts in anemic patients].

PMID- 13674574
TI  - [Leukemoid reactions in adults].

PMID- 13674575
TI  - [Hemochromatosis & megaloblastic anemia in a woman].

PMID- 13674576
TI  - [30 Years of sternal puncture].

PMID- 13674577
TI  - [Etiology of the so-called house wife's eczema].

PMID- 13674578
TI  - [Retention of water & sodium after surgery].

PMID- 13674579
TI  - [Treatment of concomitant strabismus].

PMID- 13674580
TI  - [Survey of the problem of glaucoma].

PMID- 13674581
TI  - [Daily variations of intraocular pressure].

PMID- 13674583
TI  - [Simple glucoma].

PMID- 13674582
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13674584
TI  - [The importance of a strict diabetes therapy for the prevention of nephropathy &
      retinopathy; comparative follow-up of 2 groups of patients treated according to
      different principles].

PMID- 13674585
TI  - [Nystagmography in neurological disorders].

PMID- 13674586
TI  - [Immune globulin therapy in postvaccinal keratitis].

PMID- 13674588
TI  - [A & B chromosomes. I].

PMID- 13674587
TI  - [Cost of diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 13674589
TI  - [Urinary disorders, as seen from the pediatric viewpoint].

PMID- 13674590
TI  - [Obesity & fatty food].

PMID- 13674591
TI  - [Pancreatogenic ulceration of the stomach & small intestine].

PMID- 13674592
TI  - [Phlegmonous gastritis].

PMID- 13674593
TI  - [Tuberculoid granuloma of the stomach].

PMID- 13674594
TI  - [Spontaneous internal biliary fistula].

PMID- 13674595
TI  - [Transaminase reactions in dyskinesia of the biliary tract treated with
      tetrapon].

PMID- 13674596
TI  - [Hereditary hemorrhagic teleangiectasis, Rendu-Osler-Weber disease; case report
      on intestinal hemorrhagic teleangiectasis].

PMID- 13674597
TI  - [Observations with regard to the United Nations Scientific Committee report on
      the effects on atomic radiation].

PMID- 13674598
TI  - [Radioactive fallout; its biological effects & health hazards].

PMID- 13674599
TI  - [Silicosis at Laisvall].

PMID- 13674600
TI  - [Cytologic examination of sputum & bronchial smears in lung carcinoma].

PMID- 13674601
TI  - [Follow-up treatment & rehabilitation of brain-injured war veterans in Finland].

PMID- 13674602
TI  - [Testing of work capacity in physically handicapped].

PMID- 13674603
TI  - [Renal vein thrombosis].

PMID- 13674604
TI  - [Renal vein thrombosis with nephrotic syndrome].

PMID- 13674605
TI  - [Regulation of auricular fibrillation with mitral valve disease; effect of
      exercise on hemodynamics].

PMID- 13674606
TI  - [Auricular flutter with variable P-R intervals].

PMID- 13674607
TI  - [Wegener's granulomatosis with coronary thrombosis & myocardial infarct; unusual
      case report].

PMID- 13674608
TI  - [Pulseless disease (Takayashus syndrom)].

PMID- 13674609
TI  - Interviewing in medical practice.

PMID- 13674610
TI  - Prochlor perazine in the treatment of patients with severe mental deficiency.

PMID- 13674611
TI  - The nature of chlorothiazide diuresis.

PMID- 13674612
TI  - The humble thrombosed hemorrhoid.

PMID- 13674613
TI  - Surgical approach to carotid body tumors.

PMID- 13674614
TI  - Chronic thyroiditis and autoimmune disease.

PMID- 13674615
TI  - The need for medical education in the West.

PMID- 13674616
TI  - Sensible survival measures for the doctor's family.

PMID- 13674617
TI  - [Polymyxin and infantile gastroenteritis caused by Escherichia coli O III B 4;
      curative therapy; early therapy; preventive therapy].

PMID- 13674618
TI  - [Hemopericardium caused by sewing-needle implanted in the left ventricle in a 9
      month-old infant; ablation; recovery].

PMID- 13674619
TI  - [Acute otorhinolaryngological syncope in children].

PMID- 13674620
TI  - The effectiveness of the classroom laboratory in the teaching of nursing arts.

PMID- 13674621
TI  - The study of student anxiety in a tuberculosis nursing situation.

PMID- 13674622
TI  - Faculty work load in the clinical fields in nursing degree programs.

PMID- 13674623
TI  - An experimental program in nursing research.

PMID- 13674624
TI  - A method for the study of social interaction on the hospital ward.

PMID- 13674625
TI  - Protein and amino acid metabolism studies with the isolated perfused rat liver.

PMID- 13674626
TI  - LITERARY obesity: the Pickwickian syndrome.

PMID- 13674627
TI  - VITAMIN K deficiency in newborn infants.

PMID- 13674628
TI  - VANADIUM inhibition of cholesterol synthesis.

PMID- 13674629
TI  - CONGENITAL malformations following aminopterin ingestion by the mother.

PMID- 13674630
TI  - SERUM protein lipid and lipoprotein fractions in normal human pregnancy.

PMID- 13674631
TI  - SERUM transaminase levels in lambs with muscular dystrophy.

PMID- 13674632
TI  - PENICILLIN in germ-free chicks.

PMID- 13674633
TI  - ALGAE as a source of human food.

PMID- 13674634
TI  - BIOTIN and unsaturated fatty acids as bacterial growth factors.

PMID- 13674635
TI  - METABOLISM of unesterified fatty acids.

PMID- 13674636
TI  - THE STRUCTURE of vitamin K.

PMID- 13674637
TI  - PREGNANCY and liver glucose-6-phosphatase activity.

PMID- 13674638
TI  - ADRENALS and fat mobilization.

PMID- 13674639
TI  - MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES and atherosclerosis in the rabbit.

PMID- 13674640
TI  - DIET AND glycoproteins.

PMID- 13674641
TI  - RELATION of vitamin E and protein to incisor pigmentation.

PMID- 13674642
TI  - VITAMIN A deficiency and oral carcinogenesis.

PMID- 13674643
TI  - PYRIDOXINE deficiency in mice.

PMID- 13674644
TI  - The analysis of fatty acid mixtures by gas-liquid chromatography; construction
      and operation of an ionization chamber instrument.

PMID- 13674645
TI  - The squamocolumnar transitional zone of the cervix uteri.

PMID- 13674646
TI  - Vitamin B12 serum level in pregnancy.

PMID- 13674647
TI  - A maneuver for the diagnosis of umbilical cord complications.

PMID- 13674648
TI  - Adenomyosis; a neglected diagnosis.

PMID- 13674649
TI  - Placenta previa; a survey in a general hospital.

PMID- 13674650
TI  - Semlobjective criteria of teen-age dysmenorrhea; with notes on seasonal pattern
      and relationship to premenstrual tension.

PMID- 13674651
TI  - Septic abortion with adrenal shock; report of a case.

PMID- 13674652
TI  - A clinical evaluation of chlorothiazide in the prevention and treatment of
      toxemia of pregnancy.

PMID- 13674653
TI  - Treatment of severe toxemia of pregnancy with intravenous magnesium sulfate and
      apresoline.

PMID- 13674654
TI  - Hyperextension of the fetal head in breech presentation; report of a case.

PMID- 13674655
TI  - Bilateral sigmoid transplantation of duplicate ureters; a report of two cases.

PMID- 13674656
TI  - Monoaminiotic twinning; a survey of the American literature since 1935 with a
      report of four new cases.

PMID- 13674657
TI  - Unexpected intestinal rupture in association with pregnancy.

PMID- 13674658
TI  - Early endometrial carcinoma following prolonged estrogen administration in an
      ovariectomized woman.

PMID- 13674659
TI  - Ectopic pregnancy; a review of 182 cases.

PMID- 13674660
TI  - Enterouterine fistulas; report of a case of cervicosigmodal fistula.

PMID- 13674661
TI  - Enovid therapy for premenstrual tension.

PMID- 13674662
TI  - Hydrometrocolpos; report of a case.

PMID- 13674663
TI  - Postmenopausal endometriosis.

PMID- 13674664
TI  - Elective induction of labor in the nullipara.

PMID- 13674665
TI  - A philosophy of pelvic surgery.

PMID- 13674666
TI  - A visit with Dr. Richard Wesley Te Linde.

PMID- 13674667
TI  - Practical considerations in the management of psychosomatic problems in general
      medicine.

PMID- 13674668
TI  - Health and wholeness.

PMID- 13674669
TI  - Early management of the patient with multiple injuries.

PMID- 13674670
TI  - Stomal influence on duodenal stump leakage.

PMID- 13674671
TI  - Report on a study of amebiasis in the Cleveland area.

PMID- 13674672
TI  - A CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL conference; edited under the auspices of the Ohio Society
      of Pathologists.

PMID- 13674673
TI  - Cancer of larynx.

PMID- 13674674
TI  - Chorioretinitis; a case report on preventable blindness.

PMID- 13674675
TI  - MATERNAL deaths involving anesthesia.

PMID- 13674676
TI  - The dentist's responsibility in diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

PMID- 13674677
TI  - Experiences with subperiosteal implants.

PMID- 13674678
TI  - Intraoral titanium implants.

PMID- 13674679
TI  - An evaluation of the present status of implantodontics.

PMID- 13674680
TI  - The ineffectiveness of carbazochrome salicylate (adrenosem) in the reduction of
      surgical bleeding.

PMID- 13674681
TI  - Observation of some genetic characteristics of the periodontium in three strains
      of inbred mice.

PMID- 13674682
TI  - Diet, nutrition, and dentistry.

PMID- 13674683
TI  - Clinical evaluation of levonordefrin in local anesthetics.

PMID- 13674684
TI  - Electrolytic precipitation of zinc carbonate in the jaw; an unusual complication
      after root resection.

PMID- 13674685
TI  - Relationships of third molar roots to the mandibular canal.

PMID- 13674686
TI  - Bacteriologic results from 4,000 root canal cultures.

PMID- 13674687
TI  - The effects of various levels of sweet peas (Lathyrus odoratus) in the diet, with
      protein and amino acid supplementation, on the alveolar bone of young rats.

PMID- 13674688
TI  - Identical bilateral oral carcinoma.

PMID- 13674689
TI  - Instructive clinical case reports. II.

PMID- 13674690
TI  - The treatment of oral hemangiomas; report of four cases.

PMID- 13674691
TI  - Psychological reactions to oral cancer.

PMID- 13674692
TI  - Fluid balance after multiple dental extractions and alveoloplasty.

PMID- 13674693
TI  - Microscopic studies of the periodontium of the anterior teeth of a 4-year-old
      boy.

PMID- 13674694
TI  - Oral manifestations of benign mucous membrane pemphigus (mucous membrane
      pemphigoid); review of the literature and report of fifteen cases.

PMID- 13674695
TI  - Clinical laboratory studies on a new topical antibiotic: thiostrepton.

PMID- 13674696
TI  - A device for centering and angulating x-rays in oral roentgenology.

PMID- 13674697
TI  - Kilovolt (peak) and the sensitivity of very fast dental films.

PMID- 13674698
TI  - Leontiasis ossea; report of a case.

PMID- 13674700
TI  - A divergent approach to tooth bud transplantation.

PMID- 13674699
TI  - Classification of dentine into primary, secondary, and tertiary.

PMID- 13674702
TI  - Hyperostosis of the mandible; report of a case.

PMID- 13674701
TI  - Spindle-cell squamous carcinoma of the lip; report of four cases.

PMID- 13674703
TI  - [50th Anniversary of the M. I. Sitenko Ukrainian Scientific Research Institute of
      Orthopedics and Traumatology].

PMID- 13674705
TI  - [Homage of Rumanian orthopedists to N. P. Novachenko].

PMID- 13674704
TI  - [Thirty years of medical, scientific-educational and social activities of N. P.,
      Novachenko].

PMID- 13674706
TI  - [Osteo- and arthroplasty].

PMID- 13674707
TI  - [Surgical therapy of osteoblastoclastoma in children].

PMID- 13674708
TI  - [Ewing's sarcoma].

PMID- 13674709
TI  - [Surgical therapy of habitual shoulder dislocation].

PMID- 13674710
TI  - [Remote results following author's technic of surgery of congenital dislocation
      of the patella].

PMID- 13674711
TI  - [Cases of therapy of especially severe complications of open fractures of the
      forearm].

PMID- 13674712
TI  - [Roentgenological picture of the union of gunshot fractures of the femur;
      experimental studies].

PMID- 13674713
TI  - [Para-articular ossifications as a cause of extra-articular ankylosis].

PMID- 13674714
TI  - [Prevention of congenital hip dislocations].

PMID- 13674715
TI  - [Certain aspects of fixation of surgical fixation of congenital hip dislocation].

PMID- 13674716
TI  - [Guiding principles of a method of therapy of congenital hip dislocation].

PMID- 13674717
TI  - [Method and significance of roentgenography of the hip joint in vertical position
      of the body in congenital hip dislocation].

PMID- 13674718
TI  - [Resistance of the proliferation zone].

PMID- 13674719
TI  - [Therapeutic use of radioactive phosphorus in osteoplastic surgery; experimental
      studies].

PMID- 13674720
TI  - [Patho-mechanical principles of a functionally-comfortable installation for the
      hip in stabilizing surgery of the hip joint and in corrective osteotomies].

PMID- 13674721
TI  - [Amputation schemes and prostheses].

PMID- 13674722
TI  - [Function and diseases of the adrenal cortex].

PMID- 13674723
TI  - [Conn's syndrome].

PMID- 13674724
TI  - [Corticosterone excretion in experimental renal hypertension].

PMID- 13674725
TI  - [The properdin system].

PMID- 13674726
TI  - [Adrenogenital syndrome (adrenal cortex hyperplasia) and prednisone therapy].

PMID- 13674727
TI  - [Submandibular fistula of unknown origin].

PMID- 13674728
TI  - [Lymphoreticular sarcoma of the duodenum].

PMID- 13674729
TI  - [Relations between clinical aspects & hemodynamic changes in mitral stenosis].

PMID- 13674730
TI  - [The respiratory functional picture in rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 13674731
TI  - [Rheumatic pulmonitis; casuistic contribution].

PMID- 13674732
TI  - [Nicolau's livedoid dermitis & paralysis of the sciatic nerve; considerations on
      surgical treatment of accidental neuroperipheral lesions due to injections].

PMID- 13674733
TI  - [Unusual clinical, radiographic & anatomicopathological aspects of a renal
      adenocarcinoma].

PMID- 13674734
TI  - [Problem of recurrent inguinal hernia in the male; technical note].

PMID- 13674735
TI  - [Considerations on three cases of intraoperative cardiac arrest].

PMID- 13674736
TI  - [Prof. Carlo Armanini].

PMID- 13674737
TI  - [Chloroanilic acid test for study of liver function].

PMID- 13674738
TI  - [Late urographic examination of patients of abdomino-perineal amputation of the
      rectum].

PMID- 13674739
TI  - [Pulmonary leiomyosarcoma; case report].

PMID- 13674740
TI  - [Non-functioning giant solitary islet-cell tumor of the head of the pancreas].

PMID- 13674741
TI  - [A case of plastic bronchitis].

PMID- 13674742
TI  - [Retroperitoneal hematoma].

PMID- 13674743
TI  - [A polyp of the appendix].

PMID- 13674744
TI  - [A new synthetic analgesic: morpholino-butyrylpyrrolidine; clinical study].

PMID- 13674745
TI  - [Preanesthesia and induction of anesthesia in infantile anesthesia].

PMID- 13674746
TI  - [Dynamic exploration of the adrenal cortex by administration of ACTH to normal
      subjects; demonstration of an ambulatory test with depot ACTH].

PMID- 13674747
TI  - [Application of dynamic tests with ACTH to the diagnosis of adrenal disease].

PMID- 13674748
TI  - [Study of adrenocortical function in the course of aging by means of the depot
      ACTH test].

PMID- 13674749
TI  - [Breast cancer of the mouse & woman; comparative electron microscopic study].

PMID- 13674750
TI  - [Experimental study of cardiac reanimation after prolonged circulatory
      interruption at very low temperature].

PMID- 13674751
TI  - [Mucosa of the stomach during Gougerot-Sjogren disease; concerning four
      observations studied by mucosal gastric biopsy].

PMID- 13674752
TI  - [Precipitation of beta-lipoproteins & chylomicrons by polyvinylpyrrolidone].

PMID- 13674753
TI  - [Study of an abnormal urinary steroid isolated in a patient with a testicular
      tumor].

PMID- 13674754
TI  - [Experimental atheroma].

PMID- 13674755
TI  - [Biology of the degenerative lesions of diabetes].

PMID- 13674756
TI  - [Immunological results of insulin therapy].

PMID- 13674757
TI  - [Pyelic complications of diabetes].

PMID- 13674758
TI  - [Mucormycosis in diabetics].

PMID- 13674759
TI  - [Metabolism of fructose].

PMID- 13674760
TI  - [Fluctuations of blood & urinary magnesium in the course of diabetic
      ketoacidosis].

PMID- 13674761
TI  - [Biological changes observed in the course of treatment of arteritis].

PMID- 13674762
TI  - [The phospholipids in animal biology].

PMID- 13674763
TI  - [Electrophoresis in amidon gel].

PMID- 13674764
TI  - [Creative activities of Efim Semenovich London].

PMID- 13674765
TI  - [Effect of ACTH and cortisone on fat and glycogen in the liver in experimental
      toxic hepatitis].

PMID- 13674766
TI  - [Pulmonary fat content following pancreatectomy].

PMID- 13674767
TI  - [Histamine metabolism in certain types of neural diseases].

PMID- 13674768
TI  - [Inclusion of methionine labeled with radiosulfur into proteins of the central
      nervous system and of other organs in animals of various ages in hypoxia].

PMID- 13674769
TI  - [Effect of increased oxygen poisoning in experimental hypoxia induced by carbon
      monoxide poisoning].

PMID- 13674770
TI  - [Effect of adenosinetriphosphoric acid on cutaneous capillary permeability;
      method of determination of local disorders of capillary permeability].

PMID- 13674771
TI  - [Correlation between temperature, cardiac rhythm and respiratory changes in
      fever].

PMID- 13674772
TI  - [Thermoregulation changes during muscle work in febrile dogs].

PMID- 13674773
TI  - [Result of prolonged cholesterol feeding of cats in various experimental
      conditions].

PMID- 13674774
TI  - [Effect of splenectomy and diathermy of the spleen on the course of toxic
      hepatitis].

PMID- 13674775
TI  - [Mechanism of development of paralysis in cold-blood animals (frogs) in
      experimental botulism].

PMID- 13674776
TI  - [Role of the nervous system in post-transfusional reactions of the organism].

PMID- 13674777
TI  - [Data on comparative effects on the organism of 6-methylthiouracil and potassium
      perchlorate].

PMID- 13674779
TI  - [Effect of polyglucin on phagocytic activity of the leukocytes].

PMID- 13674778
TI  - [Development of edema of the extremity following the administration of colloidal
      silicon dioxide].

PMID- 13674780
TI  - [Role of the carotid sinus in the regulation of hemolysins and hemagglutinins].

PMID- 13674781
TI  - [Electrical potential as a functional index of the state of muscles in
      experimental poliomyelitis].

PMID- 13674782
TI  - [Effect of simultaneous thymectomy and splenectomy on antibody titer in rabbits].

PMID- 13674783
TI  - [Spasmolytic effect of novocaine].

PMID- 13674784
TI  - [Use of phenergan (diprozin) and aminazin (megaphen) in prevention and therapy of
      acute radiation sickness].

PMID- 13674785
TI  - [The nature and classification of reactivity].

PMID- 13674786
TI  - [RAFAIL ARONOVICH DYMSHITS].

PMID- 13674788
TI  - [G. V. PESHKOVSKII; 1903-1959].

PMID- 13674787
TI  - [VLADIMIR ALEKSANDROVICH NEGOVSKII].

PMID- 13674789
TI  - [Clinico-experimental studies of the toxicity of isoniazid as compared with its
      methanesulfonate derivative].

PMID- 13674790
TI  - [Quantitative aspects of fetal hemoglobin formation in Cooley's anemia].

PMID- 13674791
TI  - [Electrocardiographic findings in acute and chronic pulmonary diseases in the
      second and third stages of childhood].

PMID- 13674792
TI  - [Clinico-statistical notes on perinatal mortality].

PMID- 13674793
TI  - [Funnel chest with chronic cor pulmonale].

PMID- 13674794
TI  - [Prednisone therapy of celiac disease].

PMID- 13674795
TI  - [Thrombopathic hemorrhagic syndrome of the Naegeli type (with special reference
      to capilaroscopic findings)].

PMID- 13674796
TI  - [Use of a hydrosoluble iodated contrast medium in radiological examination of the
      digestive tract in early infancy].

PMID- 13674797
TI  - [Demonstration of hemoglobin of fetal type in blood smears].

PMID- 13674798
TI  - [An unusual syndrome of multiple malformations (association of ocular, cardiac
      and urinary tract malformations)].

PMID- 13674799
TI  - [Congenital atresia of the esophagus; report of 3 cases].

PMID- 13674800
TI  - [The Nelson-Mayer test (Treponema immobilization test)].

PMID- 13674801
TI  - [Respiratory disorders in infants].

PMID- 13674802
TI  - [Effect of ACTH on the adrenal cortex in newborn infants in normal and
      pathological states].

PMID- 13674803
TI  - [Problem of hypertension in children].

PMID- 13674804
TI  - [Surgery of hernias in the region of posterior cranial fossa].

PMID- 13674805
TI  - [Case of suppurative meningitis induced by Haemophilus influenzae and Candida
      albicans stelatoidea].

PMID- 13674806
TI  - [Case of severe staphylococcal septicemia with cerebrospinal meningitis].

PMID- 13674807
TI  - [Acute appendicitis in measles in a child with severe Heine-Medin disease].

PMID- 13674808
TI  - [Intrauterine infection of twins].

PMID- 13674809
TI  - [A case of generalized cutaneous candidiasis in newborn infant].

PMID- 13674810
TI  - [Problem of cerebral aneurysm].

PMID- 13674811
TI  - [A case of nasopharyngeal tumor (lymphoepithelioma) in a 6-year-old child].

PMID- 13674812
TI  - [Physiological and pathological hyperbilirubinemia in newborn infants].

PMID- 13674814
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13674813
TI  - [Attempted analysis of school child nutrition in rural areas].

PMID- 13674815
TI  - Studies of respiratory physiology in children. II. Lung volumes and mechanics of
      respiration in 64 patients with cystic fibrosis of the pancreas.

PMID- 13674816
TI  - The respiratory distress syndrome and its significance in premature infants.

PMID- 13674817
TI  - Eosinophils in the thymus in hyaline membrane disease (respiratory distress
      syndrome).

PMID- 13674818
TI  - Cystic disease of the liver and kidney.

PMID- 13674819
TI  - Observations on growth of fingernails in health and disease.

PMID- 13674820
TI  - Respiratory illness in children simultaneously infected with hemadsorption virus
      type 1 and a newly recognized HeLa enterovirus (HE).

PMID- 13674821
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of acute intestinal intussusception with controlled
      insufflation of air.

PMID- 13674822
TI  - Enzyme deficiency in erythrocytes in congenital nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia.

PMID- 13674823
TI  - Absent spleen syndrome; hematologic findings as an aid to diagnosis.

PMID- 13674824
TI  - Idiopathic hypercalcemia; a case report with assays of vitamin D in the serum.

PMID- 13674825
TI  - [Chemical microanalysis: analysis of capillary and venous blood].

PMID- 13674826
TI  - The draw-a-man test as a predictor of school readiness and as an index of
      emotional and physical maturity.

PMID- 13674827
TI  - Abraham Jacobi: pediatric pioneer.

PMID- 13674828
TI  - The effect of maternal narcotic addiction on the newborn infant; review of
      literature and report of 22 cases.

PMID- 13674829
TI  - Medical certification of infant deaths.

PMID- 13674830
TI  - American Academy of Pediatrics: president's message: postgraduate program of the
      Academy.

PMID- 13674831
TI  - Recent observations on pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis of the pancreas.

PMID- 13674833
TI  - Clinical conference: congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis with jaundice.

PMID- 13674832
TI  - Diverticulum of the bladder in children; a study of 13 cases.

PMID- 13674834
TI  - [Basic problems in preschool and school child care].

PMID- 13674835
TI  - [Method of physiological evaluation of work load in schools for general studies].

PMID- 13674836
TI  - [Comparative function tests in children engaged in competitive swimming].

PMID- 13674837
TI  - [Teaching medical control and exercise therapy at the universities].

PMID- 13674838
TI  - [Organization of methodological instructions on care in creche and child homes].

PMID- 13674839
TI  - [Physical development of children under one year of age in Lwow].

PMID- 13674840
TI  - [Clinico-hygienic observations on rheumatic patients attending public schools].

PMID- 13674841
TI  - [Dental caries in rheumatic children].

PMID- 13674842
TI  - [External respiratory function in various stages of asthma in school children].

PMID- 13674843
TI  - [Cardiovascular changes in acute poliomyelitis in children].

PMID- 13674844
TI  - [Oxygen therapy of whooping cough and its complications].

PMID- 13674845
TI  - [Vitamin A and carotene in whooping cough in children treated with vitamin
      preparations].

PMID- 13674846
TI  - [Gastric secretion changes following therapy of infant dystrophy with natural
      gastric juice].

PMID- 13674847
TI  - [Effect of congenital cleft palate and harelip on child development].

PMID- 13674848
TI  - [Achievements in the study of national child pathology].

PMID- 13674849
TI  - [Roentgenological diagnosis of chronic appendicitis in children].

PMID- 13674850
TI  - [Chronic appendicitis in children and its roentgenological diagnosis].

PMID- 13674851
TI  - [Blood transfusion in carbon monoxide poisoning].

PMID- 13674852
TI  - [Large pulmonary cyst in a 16-month old infant].

PMID- 13674853
TI  - [Changes of peripheral blood picture in influenza in children].

PMID- 13674855
TI  - [70th Birthday and 45 years of medical scientific and educational activities of
      Prof. V. A. Leonov].

PMID- 13674854
TI  - [Early functional symptoms in rheumatism].

PMID- 13674856
TI  - [100th Birthday of Praskov'ia Vasil'evna Tsiklinskaia; 1859-1923].

PMID- 13674857
TI  - [Tetralogy of Fallot and its diagnosis].

PMID- 13674858
TI  - [Cardiac disorders in patent ductus arteriosus].

PMID- 13674859
TI  - [Characteristics of certain vegetative reactions in hypertensive adolescents].

PMID- 13674860
TI  - [Infectious-allergic arteritis (periarteritis nodosa) in children].

PMID- 13674861
TI  - [Pericardiac pain in children].

PMID- 13674862
TI  - [Cardiovascular system in chronic pneumonia in children during remission].

PMID- 13674863
TI  - [Blood histamine content in purpura in children].

PMID- 13674864
TI  - [Phonocardiography in normal and rheumatic children].

PMID- 13674865
TI  - [Ballistocardiographic method of hemodynamic studies in rheumatism in children].

PMID- 13674866
TI  - [Phagocytic activity of the blood in rheumatic children and effect of therapy on
      its dynamics].

PMID- 13674867
TI  - [Electrocardiographic characteristics in premature infants during their first
      three months of life].

PMID- 13674868
TI  - [Anginal form of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in children].

PMID- 13674869
TI  - [Use of antihistaminics in rheumatism and other allergic conditions in children].

PMID- 13674870
TI  - [Children of tuberculous mothers].

PMID- 13674871
TI  - [Dynamics of motor chronaxy in tuberculous meningitis in children].

PMID- 13674872
TI  - [Tissue therapy of certain chronic diseases in infants].

PMID- 13674873
TI  - [An unusual case of double aortic arch in a child].

PMID- 13674874
TI  - [Case of total transposition of the great vessels with severe hypoplasia of the
      aortic arch].

PMID- 13674875
TI  - [Dissecting aneurysm of he aorta in childhood].

PMID- 13674876
TI  - [Case of congenital complete atrioventricular block].

PMID- 13674877
TI  - [Purity test & assay of sodium lauryl sulfate].

PMID- 13674878
TI  - [Contribution to the structure-activity relation in the field of flavonoids. 2].

PMID- 13674879
TI  - [The ointment pendulum].

PMID- 13674880
TI  - The stability testing of pharmaceuticals.

PMID- 13674881
TI  - [New works on the biosynthesis of alkaloids. II].

PMID- 13674882
TI  - [Bisquaternary ammonium compounds of therapeutic substances].

PMID- 13674883
TI  - [Proposals for pharmacopeia analysis].

PMID- 13674884
TI  - [Purity testing of morphine and codeine salts].

PMID- 13674885
TI  - [Data on some N-substituted derivatives of gamma-aminopropanol].

PMID- 13674886
TI  - [Studies on the fingistatic properties of some anorganic, aliphatic and aromatic
      compounds with special reference to rhodan derivatives. II. Studies on compounds
      with fungistatic properties].

PMID- 13674887
TI  - [High frequency titration of oxytetracycline base and hydrochloride].

PMID- 13674888
TI  - [Radiometric analysis of galenic preparations].

PMID- 13674889
TI  - [Simple apparatus for immunoelectrophoresis].

PMID- 13674890
TI  - [Newer experimental studies on the problem of vitamin deficiency damage. II. With
      a contribution to the effect of beer and beer extracts].

PMID- 13674891
TI  - [Studies on the morphine yield in Papaver somniferum L. under cultivation methods
      in central Germany].

PMID- 13674892
TI  - [Increasing drug and spice plant production in the Polish People's Republic].

PMID- 13674894
TI  - Some anomalous electrical effects in microelectrodes.

PMID- 13674893
TI  - Background noise in electromyography.

PMID- 13674895
TI  - Numerical evaluation of volume pulsations in man. III. Application to the finger
      plethysmogram.

PMID- 13674896
TI  - Numerical evaluation of volume pulsations in man. IV. The calculation of the
      human ballistocardiogram.

PMID- 13674897
TI  - Activation analysis applied to blood clearance tests using colloidal gold.

PMID- 13674898
TI  - A study of cavity ion chambers for use with 2MV x-rays: equilibrium wall
      thickness: wall-absorption correction.

PMID- 13674899
TI  - Radiation-induced conductivity in the solid state, and some applications.

PMID- 13674900
TI  - The influence of temperature and water content on the x-ray sensitivity of barley
      seeds.

PMID- 13674901
TI  - Dietary regulation of serum cholesterol levels.

PMID- 13674902
TI  - Biochemistry, physiology and pathology of zinc.

PMID- 13674903
TI  - Gastric emptying and secretion in man.

PMID- 13674904
TI  - Physiology of the mammary glands.

PMID- 13674905
TI  - Life span of red blood cell.

PMID- 13674906
TI  - Control of peripheral resistance in major systemic vascular beds.

PMID- 13674907
TI  - Plastic and reconstructive surgery of the conjunctiva.

PMID- 13674908
TI  - Uses of bovine bone in reconstructive surgery.

PMID- 13674909
TI  - Vascular augmentation of pedicled tissues demonstrable by arteriography and
      injection mass.

PMID- 13674910
TI  - The fate of preserved human cartilage.

PMID- 13674911
TI  - The place of radiation therapy in the treatment of carcinoma of the lower lip.

PMID- 13674912
TI  - Scalp flap reconstruction in head and neck cancer patients.

PMID- 13674913
TI  - Cephalometric measurements on adult patients with non-operated cleft palates.

PMID- 13674914
TI  - Total reconstruction of the penis; a review of the literature and report of a
      case.

PMID- 13674915
TI  - Correction of secondary cleft lip deformities with closure of naso-oral fistulas.

PMID- 13674916
TI  - [Arteriographic symptomatology of the kidney; selective technic, indications,
      results].

PMID- 13674917
TI  - [Kartagener's syndrome; etiopathogenic, clinical & therapeutic considerations].

PMID- 13674918
TI  - [Mesenchymal neoplasms of the thyroid].

PMID- 13674919
TI  - [Calculosis of the submaxillary salivary gland; clinical & anatomicopathological
      contribution].

PMID- 13674920
TI  - [Case of abdominal pregnancy].

PMID- 13674921
TI  - [Research on the lysis of experimental arterial thrombi in dogs with
      streptokinase].

PMID- 13674922
TI  - [Effects of heparin on fibrinolysis. II. Effects of heparin on fibrinolysis
      activated by streptokinase].

PMID- 13674923
TI  - [Comparison between various methods of determination of antiplatelet antibodies:
      advantages of the so-called functional methods; experimental research].

PMID- 13674924
TI  - [Antitoxic properties of certain liver total extracts].

PMID- 13674925
TI  - [Experimental research on pulmonitis induced by paraffin oil].

PMID- 13674926
TI  - [Note and experience on the use of hydergine in cerebral pathology of vascular
      origin].

PMID- 13674927
TI  - [Behavior of the erythrocyte count and hemoglobin titer during the first half
      year of life in children receiving exchange transfusion].

PMID- 13674928
TI  - [Tonic epilepsy].

PMID- 13674929
TI  - [Diaphysial fractures of the humerus in "iron arm" game].

PMID- 13674930
TI  - [Malariotherapy in Buerger's disease; proteino-pyreto-therapy in frostbite].

PMID- 13674931
TI  - [Iron-cobalt therapy in several cases of Mediterranean anemia].

PMID- 13674932
TI  - [Significance of calcification of the meniscus of the knee].

PMID- 13674933
TI  - [Electrocardiographic observations on several pediatric cases of diaphragmatic
      hernia & eventration].

PMID- 13674934
TI  - [Hematuria caused by foreign body in the appendix].

PMID- 13674935
TI  - [Chlorothiazide in the treatment of arterial hypertension; clinical
      observations].

PMID- 13674936
TI  - [Medical treatment of tumors].

PMID- 13674937
TI  - [Radiological studies on coxa vara].

PMID- 13674938
TI  - [Anatomical and functional anatomy of the ampulla phrenica, cardia superior
      diaphragmatica and hiatus diaphragmaticus oesophagi].

PMID- 13674940
TI  - [Present state and trends of angiography].

PMID- 13674939
TI  - [Gastric angioma].

PMID- 13674941
TI  - [Technic and diagnostic possibilities of splenoportography].

PMID- 13674942
TI  - [Electromyographic & electrical investigations in primary chronic rheumatoid
      arthritis].

PMID- 13674943
TI  - [Effect of increased histamine dosage on gastric secretion in so-called histamine
      resistant anacidity].

PMID- 13674944
TI  - [Differences of degree of translucency of lung fields during expiration &
      inspiration determined by photoelectric cell in pulmonary emphysema & in healthy
      subjects].

PMID- 13674945
TI  - [Resistance of bacteria to antibiotics based on investigation conducted by the
      Chair of Microbiology].

PMID- 13674946
TI  - [Effect of ammonium chloride, mercurial diuretics & diamox on the pH of the blood
      & urine in patients with chronic circulatory insufficiency].

PMID- 13674947
TI  - [Bourneville's syndrome].

PMID- 13674948
TI  - [A case of Clonorchis sinensis infection].

PMID- 13674949
TI  - [Malignant fibroma of the anterior abdominal wall].

PMID- 13674950
TI  - [Acute poisoning by isonicotinic acid hydrazide in attempted suicide; case
      report].

PMID- 13674951
TI  - [Problem of radio-activity prevention in pediatrics].

PMID- 13674952
TI  - [Anemia in pregnancy].

PMID- 13674953
TI  - [Prevention of post-transfusion reactions with sandosten-calcium Sandoz
      preparation].

PMID- 13674954
TI  - [Treatment of apoplexy with a theophylline derivative & ephedrine in the light of
      recent pathogenetic theories].

PMID- 13674955
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13674956
TI  - [Experimental data on the results of anastomosis of the biliary tract with the
      alimentary tract].

PMID- 13674957
TI  - [Blood levels of histamine in different stages of hypertension].

PMID- 13674958
TI  - [Changes in water metabolism in patients with peat dressings].

PMID- 13674959
TI  - [Solitary non-parasitic cysts of the liver].

PMID- 13674960
TI  - [2 Cases of keratosis nigricans].

PMID- 13674961
TI  - [A case of agranulocytosis after pyramidon administration].

PMID- 13674962
TI  - [Ganglioneuroma of the mediastinum].

PMID- 13674963
TI  - [Pneumoperitoneum in the treatment of cavitary lung tuberculosis; late results].

PMID- 13674964
TI  - [Moniliasis in infants].

PMID- 13674965
TI  - [Favorable effects of strophanthin & drugs with a tonic effect on the circulatory
      system in some cases of apoplexy].

PMID- 13674966
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13674967
TI  - [Clinical observations on the intravenous administration of amino acid solutions
      (aminol)].

PMID- 13674968
TI  - [Origin of acquired drug resistance in patients during pulmonary tuberculosis
      therapy].

PMID- 13674969
TI  - [Effect of blood serum on fermentation action of yeast].

PMID- 13674970
TI  - [Mauriac's syndrome].

PMID- 13674971
TI  - [Calcified miliary splenic tuberculosis].

PMID- 13674972
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13674973
TI  - [Hamman Rich syndrome in a 28-year old woman].

PMID- 13674974
TI  - [Determination of blood sugar level by simplified Nelson's method].

PMID- 13674975
TI  - [Mental disorders during anticol therapy].

PMID- 13674976
TI  - [Therapy of trichomonal urethroprostatitis].

PMID- 13674977
TI  - [Removal of various skin lesions by dermabrasion].

PMID- 13674978
TI  - [Somatotropin & its use in surgery].

PMID- 13674979
TI  - [Evaluation of the role of noradrenaline in the pathogenesis of hypertension with
      reference to the vascular crisis & to the syndrome of malignant hypertension].

PMID- 13674980
TI  - [Eosinophilic pleural effusions].

PMID- 13674981
TI  - [Chemical composition of urinary calculi in relation to sex & age of patients].

PMID- 13674982
TI  - [Hallopeau's erythroderma in leukemia].

PMID- 13674983
TI  - [Ehlers-Danlos syndrome in the light of contemporary investigations].

PMID- 13674984
TI  - [Parosteal osteoma & parosteal osteogenic sarcoma].

PMID- 13674985
TI  - [Oxygen as a drug in surgery].

PMID- 13674986
TI  - [Remarks on the diagnosis & therapy of neuroses & psychoses].

PMID- 13674987
TI  - [Toxicity of tubercle bacilli].

PMID- 13674988
TI  - [Ligation of the internal mammary arteries in the treatment of coronary disease].

PMID- 13674989
TI  - [Our experiences with Bettge's method of determining the inulin clearance index].

PMID- 13674990
TI  - [Effect of cytochrome c on the alkali reserve level in acute carbon monoxide
      poisoning in guinea pigs].

PMID- 13674991
TI  - [Is there any parallelism between lesions of the peripheral nervous system &
      vascular changes].

PMID- 13674992
TI  - [Allergic chronic recurrent dermatopulmonary syndrome].

PMID- 13674993
TI  - [Familial electrocardiographic abnormality, case report].

PMID- 13674994
TI  - [Meningeal & cerebral reaction complicating chickenpox; case report].

PMID- 13674995
TI  - [Unusual complications of massive hydronephrosis].

PMID- 13674996
TI  - [A case of migrating phlebitis in a 3-year old child].

PMID- 13674997
TI  - [Thyroid crises & their treatment].

PMID- 13674998
TI  - [Analysis of the cases treated in the Outpatient Unit for Peripheral Vascular
      Diseases of the 1st Clinic for Internal Diseases of the Academy of Medicine in
      Warsaw].

PMID- 13674999
TI  - [Late results of lung resection in tuberculosis].

PMID- 13675000
TI  - [French Institute of Hydrology & Climatology].

PMID- 13675001
TI  - Impartial medical testimony. II.

PMID- 13675002
TI  - The gallbladder and bile ducts.

PMID- 13675003
TI  - Letters to a medical student.

PMID- 13675004
TI  - Hematologic disorders in the newborn.

PMID- 13675005
TI  - The comparative results and treatment for cancer of the rectum.

PMID- 13675006
TI  - Low back pain.

PMID- 13675008
TI  - Congenital atresia of the rectum and its complications.

PMID- 13675007
TI  - Behavior problems of children.

PMID- 13675009
TI  - Retinal manifestations of systemic diseases.

PMID- 13675010
TI  - Medical and surgical problems in liver disease.

PMID- 13675011
TI  - Food intolerance in early infancy.

PMID- 13675012
TI  - The role of hiatal hernia in the differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal and
      cardiac disease.

PMID- 13675013
TI  - Methods of neurologic diagnosis and their critical assessment.

PMID- 13675014
TI  - The Lambeth technitray.

PMID- 13675015
TI  - Indications for cardiac surgery.

PMID- 13675016
TI  - Diffuse pulmonary fibrosis.

PMID- 13675017
TI  - Clinical indications for pelvic surgery.

PMID- 13675018
TI  - Repeat cesarean section.

PMID- 13675019
TI  - Problems in abdominal surgery.

PMID- 13675020
TI  - Surgical considerations in the treatment of cerebral arterial insufficiency;
      scientific exhibit.

PMID- 13675021
TI  - Benign tumors of the skin.

PMID- 13675022
TI  - Self-held devices: aids to dressing.

PMID- 13675023
TI  - Amino acid requirements of man.

PMID- 13675025
TI  - [Surgical indications of hernia of the esophageal hiatus in adults; report of 19
      surgical cases].

PMID- 13675024
TI  - Some problems of gerontology.

PMID- 13675026
TI  - [Thrombo-embolic complications in thoracic surgery (excluding the heart &
      esophagus); statistics on 1525 surgical cases].

PMID- 13675027
TI  - [Post-operative thrombophilia in thoracic surgery (excluding heart surgery)
      studied by thromboelastography].

PMID- 13675029
TI  - [Hydatid cyst of the mediastinum; exercise].

PMID- 13675028
TI  - [Primary hydatid cysts of the mediastinum; 2 autochthonous cases treated
      surgically].

PMID- 13675030
TI  - [Disappointments in the conservative treatment of hydatid cysts of the lung].

PMID- 13675031
TI  - [Problem of sub-pleural hydatid cysts].

PMID- 13675032
TI  - [2 Hydatid cysts with rare endothoracic localizations in the same subject].

PMID- 13675033
TI  - [Supra-aortic pleuromediastinal hydatid cyst].

PMID- 13675034
TI  - [Failures in the antituberculous fight in France & their financial & social
      repercussions].

PMID- 13675035
TI  - [Viral pleurisy & viral pericarditis].

PMID- 13675036
TI  - [Recurrent paroxysmal rhinotracheobronchitis].

PMID- 13675037
TI  - [Pleuropneumopathy & hydropneumothorax with eosinophilic cells in the course of
      equivalent asthmatic disorders].

PMID- 13675038
TI  - [Complications of diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 13675039
TI  - [Carbohydrate metabolism in diabetes].

PMID- 13675040
TI  - [Diet for diabetes].

PMID- 13675041
TI  - [Oral antidiabetics].

PMID- 13675042
TI  - [Diabetes and insulin].

PMID- 13675043
TI  - [Infantile diabetes].

PMID- 13675044
TI  - [Spiramycin in dermatology].

PMID- 13675045
TI  - [History of roentgen diagnosis].

PMID- 13675046
TI  - [Treatment of diseases of liver parenchyma].

PMID- 13675047
TI  - [Pharmacology of psychotropic drugs].

PMID- 13675048
TI  - [Paralysis of the peripheral nerves in the region of the upper extremities].

PMID- 13675050
TI  - [Clinical & ambulant treatment of depressive states with tofranil (G. 22355)].

PMID- 13675049
TI  - [Palfium addiction].

PMID- 13675051
TI  - [Humor in the insane asylum].

PMID- 13675052
TI  - [Urinary excretion of adrenalin & noradrenalin in obliterating arteritis of the
      extremities; personal statistics].

PMID- 13675053
TI  - [Reflections on the subject of atherosclerosis induced in the rabbit].

PMID- 13675054
TI  - [Tripeptidase activity of the blood in the course of serious diseases;
      contribution to the study of protein hypercatabolism].

PMID- 13675055
TI  - [Transfusion under neuroplegia in the treatment of severe shock & similar
      conditions].

PMID- 13675056
TI  - [Epidemiology & symptomatology of grippo-typhosic leptospirosis in the Lublin
      region; results of the observation of 406 cases during the years 1955-1957].

PMID- 13675057
TI  - [Trial of a new synthetic antihistaminic on spasmodic rhinological diseases].

PMID- 13675058
TI  - [Pharmacology of the reticular substance; electroencephalography &
      pharmacodynamics].

PMID- 13675059
TI  - [Nephrology-urology; clinical examination of patient with albuminuria].

PMID- 13675060
TI  - [Monsieur Fagon, physician to the King (1638-1718)].

PMID- 13675061
TI  - [Lipoma of the stomach].

PMID- 13675062
TI  - [Colocolic invagination due to lipoma of the cecum].

PMID- 13675063
TI  - [Metrorrhagia, dyspepsia & baton-shaped vesicular calculi].

PMID- 13675064
TI  - [Case of diospyrobezoar; comparative value of radiography & gastroscopy in
      research on an intragastric foreign body].

PMID- 13675065
TI  - [The kidney in macroglobulinemia of Waldenstrom].

PMID- 13675066
TI  - [Experimental research & 1st clinical results on complementary roentgen therapy
      after endocrine surgery in various hormone-dependent neoplasms].

PMID- 13675067
TI  - [Anatomical lesions of pancreas compared with pancreatographic data in calcifying
      chronic pancreatitis].

PMID- 13675068
TI  - [Mitral stenosis & interauricular communication].

PMID- 13675069
TI  - [Bilateral ovarian osteomatosis].

PMID- 13675070
TI  - [Prevention of bronchial sequelae in primary pulmonary lymph node tuberculosis by
      hormonal treatment].

PMID- 13675071
TI  - [Total starvation by suppression of ingesta & diuresis during severe infantile
      malnutrition; water detoxication].

PMID- 13675072
TI  - [Vasodilatory effect of butylsympathol on mesenteric vessels; experimental
      study].

PMID- 13675073
TI  - [A case of chronic pneumococcal coxitis].

PMID- 13675074
TI  - [Internal frontal hyperostosis, arterial hypertension & pseudobulbar syndrome
      with cerebral atrophy].

PMID- 13675075
TI  - [Pathogenesis & treatment of chronic evolutive polyarthritis].

PMID- 13675076
TI  - [Study of 117 anatomical specimens of pulmonary exeresis for tuberculosis in
      function of preoperative medical treatments].

PMID- 13675077
TI  - [Cardiovascular complications of typhoid fever & disorders of cellular
      metabolism].

PMID- 13675078
TI  - [A little known humoral disorder in gout patients: hyperoxalemia].

PMID- 13675079
TI  - [Experimental clinical trials of a new progestational hormone: 6 alpha-methyl-17
      alpha-hydroxyprogesterone acetate].

PMID- 13675080
TI  - [Regulation of extracellular pH].

PMID- 13675081
TI  - [Hemorrhagic complications connected with massive transfusions].

PMID- 13675082
TI  - [Nephrology-urology; with what frequency may one find a cause of arterial
      hypertension in the young man? Role of surgery in the treatment of congenital
      hydronephrosis].

PMID- 13675083
TI  - [The immediate tensional action of hypertonic glucose solutions in resuscitation
      is not linked to hyperosmolarity alone].

PMID- 13675084
TI  - [Role of the adrenal cortex in adaptation to heat].

PMID- 13675085
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13675086
TI  - [An example of false symptomatology caused by potassium depletion; paralysis of
      the nape & extremities during tuberculous meningitis in adult].

PMID- 13675087
TI  - [Persistance of the antipernicious effect of vitamin B12].

PMID- 13675088
TI  - [Pulmonary anthracopyrosis; process of invasion of human body by hydrocarbons
      with condensed nucleus of the 3, 4-benzopyrene type].

PMID- 13675089
TI  - [Surgical control of radium therapy in stage 1 epitheliomas of uterine cervix; 66
      case reports].

PMID- 13675090
TI  - [Importance of novocaine infiltration of the preaortic plexus in therapy of
      angina pectoris].

PMID- 13675091
TI  - [Idiopathic pneumothorax; anatomical & clinical study].

PMID- 13675092
TI  - [Clinical manifestations of hemoglobin C].

PMID- 13675093
TI  - [Endocrine osteopathies].

PMID- 13675094
TI  - [Treatment of diphtheric angina; treatment of germ carriers].

PMID- 13675095
TI  - [Hemorrhoids; recent & old therapies].

PMID- 13675096
TI  - [Famous case of anxious melancholia; Lucile de Chateaubriand].

PMID- 13675097
TI  - Not Available.

PMID- 13675098
TI  - [Morpho-radiology of the breast].

PMID- 13675099
TI  - [Fractionation of body weight].

PMID- 13675100
TI  - [Repeated activity and fascicular discharges in clinical electromyography].

PMID- 13675101
TI  - [Motor tests and plantar reflex in young Cameroun children].

PMID- 13675102
TI  - [Hereditary bone fragility].

PMID- 13675103
TI  - [How to conduct the treatment of acute purulent meningitis].

PMID- 13675104
TI  - [Contribution of neuropsychiatry to the knowledge of the disease of man and to
      the understanding of the diseased man].

PMID- 13675105
TI  - [Effect of methyltestosterone on the conditioned reflex in castrated dogs].

PMID- 13675106
TI  - [Effect of various phases of the menstrual cycle on higher nervous activity in
      monkeys].

PMID- 13675107
TI  - [Disorder of higher nervous activity and morphological changes in the central
      nervous system in adrenalectomized animals].

PMID- 13675108
TI  - [Role of the hormonal component in nervous control of metamorphosis in Amphibia].

PMID- 13675109
TI  - [Effect of parathyroid gland removal on conditioned vascular reflexes in dogs].

PMID- 13675110
TI  - [Effect of hypnotics on adrenal cortex function].

PMID- 13675111
TI  - [Condition of higher nervous activity in endemic goiter].

PMID- 13675112
TI  - [Morphological criteria of malignant degeneration of benign adenoma of the
      thyroid gland].

PMID- 13675113
TI  - [Rheumatic fever and the thyroid gland].

PMID- 13675114
TI  - [Diagnosis and surgical treatment of complete intrathoracic goiter].

PMID- 13675115
TI  - [Iodine content in food products and the quality of nutrition of the population
      in certain areas of endemic goiter in the Sverdlovsk area].

PMID- 13675116
TI  - [Thermoelectric method of determination of basal metabolism].

PMID- 13675117
TI  - [A case of intratracheal goiter].

PMID- 13675118
TI  - [Prevention of endemic goiter in the Azerbaijan SSR].

PMID- 13675119
TI  - [New data on pituitary gland gonadotropins in the urine].

PMID- 13675120
TI  - [Endemic hyperplasia of the thyroid gland of I and II degree as a disease;
      initial forms of endemic goiter].

PMID- 13675121
TI  - [Blood transfusion in chronic hemolytic anemias].

PMID- 13675122
TI  - [Quantitative determination of bone marrow production of erythrocytes;
      preliminary report].

PMID- 13675123
TI  - [Nonspecific immunological reactivity and condition of the active mesenchyma in
      various stages of the hemolytic process].

PMID- 13675124
TI  - [Significance of Coomb's reaction in hemolytic disease of newborns].

PMID- 13675125
TI  - [Problem of immunothrombocytopenias].

PMID- 13675126
TI  - [Problem of osteoblasts of bone marrow].

PMID- 13675127
TI  - [Evaluation of the thrombocytopoietic function of bone marrow].

PMID- 13675128
TI  - [Disorders of the function of the stomach, pancreas and liver in leukemias and
      pernicious anemia].

PMID- 13675129
TI  - [Serological activity of group substances AB in experiments in vivo and in
      vitro].

PMID- 13675130
TI  - [Immunogenic properties of leukocytes].

PMID- 13675131
TI  - [Simplified methods of obtaining zimozan and titration of properdin].

PMID- 13675132
TI  - [Receipt of large quantities of standard antirhesus serums from waste blood].

PMID- 13675133
TI  - [Classification of aplastic and hypoplastic anemias].

PMID- 13675134
TI  - [Thromboelastography as a method of investigation of blood coagulation
      disorders].

PMID- 13675135
TI  - [Studies on certain problems of iron metabolism using a labeling method].

PMID- 13675136
TI  - [Dynamics of cardiac changes in anemias; roentgenological clinico-experimental
      studies].

PMID- 13675137
TI  - [Dietotherapy of certain types of anemia].

PMID- 13675138
TI  - [Synphasic frequency of functional leukocyte count and solar activity changes].

PMID- 13675139
TI  - [Effect of blood transfusion on liver function].

PMID- 13675140
TI  - [Experiences with L-103 and BK-8 hydrolysins and with Belenkii's serum in certain
      acute surgical diseases].

PMID- 13675141
TI  - [Certain variants of the hemopoietic system in diphyllobothriasis].

PMID- 13675142
TI  - [Distribution of tuberculosis in children and adolescents in the Riga region of
      Moscow during 1950-57].

PMID- 13675143
TI  - [Tuberculous infection in children and adolescents in the Stepanavan region in
      Armenia during 1945-57].

PMID- 13675144
TI  - [Prognosis in open forms of pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13675145
TI  - [Problem of function tests in clinical tuberculosis].

PMID- 13675146
TI  - [Disorders of respiratory functions in signs of tuberculous intoxication].

PMID- 13675147
TI  - [Healing processes in cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis; data of a tuberculosis
      dispensary].

PMID- 13675148
TI  - [Nature and incidence of exacerbation in pulmonary tuberculosis following
      successful antibacterial therapy].

PMID- 13675149
TI  - [Experience with inhalation-tracheal administration of streptomycin in pulmonary
      tuberculosis therapy].

PMID- 13675150
TI  - [Electroencephalographic changes following subarachnoid administration of
      streptomycin].

PMID- 13675151
TI  - [Functional condition of the thyroid gland in exudative pleurisy during].

PMID- 13675152
TI  - [Remote results of antibacterial therapy of osseous tuberculosis in adults].

PMID- 13675153
TI  - [Surgery of isolated osseous tuberculous foci of the knee joint].

PMID- 13675154
TI  - [Immunobiological properties of products of enzymatic splitting of Mycobacterium
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 13675155
TI  - [Changes of catalase activity of the blood following administration of anti
      tuberculosis preparations and tuberculin in experimental conditions].

PMID- 13675156
TI  - [Effect of radiation energy on the course of experimental tuberculous processes].

PMID- 13675157
TI  - [Collapse therapy in primary pulmonary tuberculous process].

PMID- 13675158
TI  - [Case of spontaneous pneumothorax cured by forced reposition of the lung].

PMID- 13675159
TI  - [Rupture of the parietal pleura in extrapleural pneumonolysis].

PMID- 13675160
TI  - [Antibacterial therapy and amyloidosis of the internal organs in pulmonary
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 13675161
TI  - [Use of PAS in ambulatory conditions].

PMID- 13675162
TI  - [A probe for the examination of intrapleural adhesions; thoracoscopic
      attachment].

PMID- 13675163
TI  - [Zinaida Iulianovna Rol'e; 70th birthday and 45th anniversary of medical,
      scientific and educational activities].

PMID- 13675164
TI  - [Epidemiological changes in tuberculosis in schools of the Lithuanian SSR].

PMID- 13675165
TI  - [Changes in the structure of osteoarticular tuberculous diseases in children of
      the Iakutsk ASSR from 1950-1957].

PMID- 13675166
TI  - [Antituberculous vaccination of older children & adolescents in the Ukraine].

PMID- 13675168
TI  - [Thioamide of 2-ethylisonicotinic acid, a new antituberculous preparation active
      on isoniazid-resistant bacilli].

PMID- 13675167
TI  - [Clinical & bacteriological parallels pri in antibacterial treatment].

PMID- 13675170
TI  - [Indications and contraindications for simultaneous bilateral partial resections
      in tuberculosis].

PMID- 13675169
TI  - [Various particular aspects of intubation anesthesia in various resections of the
      lung in tuberculosis patients].

PMID- 13675171
TI  - [Resection of the lungs during treatment of cavernous tuber culosis].

PMID- 13675172
TI  - [Conservative partial resection of the lung in treatment of tuberculosis].

PMID- 13675173
TI  - [The process of cure in extrapleural pneumolysis in pulmonary tuberculosis
      patients].

PMID- 13675174
TI  - [Modification of cavernotomy in combination with supero-posterior thoracoplasty].

PMID- 13675175
TI  - [Experience of surgical treatment of chronic tuberculous empyema of the pleural
      cavity].

PMID- 13675176
TI  - [Deformities of the thoracic cage & spinal column after thoracoplastic operation
      in children & adolescents].

PMID- 13675177
TI  - [Hypertension in pulmonary tuberculosis patients].

PMID- 13675178
TI  - [Condition of external respiration after thoracoplasty in tuberculosis patients].

PMID- 13675179
TI  - [Experimental data on changes of the blood circulatory system, respiration &
      blood after resection of the lung].

PMID- 13675180
TI  - [Research on pathomorphological changes in lungs resected for tuberculosis, in
      relation to local & general reactions of the body].

PMID- 13675181
TI  - [Radical operation in primary tuberculosis in chronic course with perforation
      into the bronchus of caseous lymph node].

PMID- 13675182
TI  - [Extrapleural pneumolysis according to wider indication].

PMID- 13675183
TI  - [Review of Polish periodical literature on tuberculosis for the period of 1
      January to 31 August, 1958].

PMID- 13675184
TI  - [ANNA IL'INICHNA KUDRIAVTSEVA].

PMID- 13675185
TI  - Carcinogenic action of refined tumor factor isolated from mouse leukemia tissue.

PMID- 13675186
TI  - Immunization against Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma with X-irradiated tumor cells.

PMID- 13675187
TI  - Passage of bacteriophages from mother to foetus in the rat.

PMID- 13675188
TI  - Metabolic studies of vitamin B12 (depinar).

PMID- 13675189
TI  - Build-up and regression of inhibitory effects of cholic acid on in vivo liver
      cholesterol synthesis.

PMID- 13675190
TI  - Protective action of cysteinamine (beta-mercaptoethylamine) against x-irradiation
      induced sterility in CF1 male mice.

PMID- 13675191
TI  - A method for investigating net water fluxes across individual proximal tubules.

PMID- 13675193
TI  - The dwarf mouse: an animal with secondary myxedema.

PMID- 13675192
TI  - Secretion of cholesterol by intestinal mucosa in patients with complete common
      bile duct obstruction.

PMID- 13675194
TI  - Distemper and measles viruses. I. lack of immunogenic crossing in dogs and
      chickens.

PMID- 13675195
TI  - Effects of amines and monoamine oxidase inhibitors on hypothalamic succinic
      dehydrogenase activity.

PMID- 13675196
TI  - Influence of mixing time on determination of red cell volume in normal and
      shocked rats.

PMID- 13675197
TI  - Homologous and heterologous complement fixing antibody in persons infected with
      ECHO; Coxsackie and poliomyelitis viruses.

PMID- 13675199
TI  - Effects of ACTH on plasma iron levels in normal human subjects.

PMID- 13675198
TI  - Formalin treated chicken erythrocytes as indicators of influenza A virus (Asian)
      and its antibody.

PMID- 13675200
TI  - Tryptophan oxidation by yellow mouse skin.

PMID- 13675201
TI  - Differential action of styramate and meprobamate on spinal reflexes.

PMID- 13675202
TI  - Intracerebral passage of sarcoma 180 in mice and hamsters.

PMID- 13675203
TI  - Arthropod-borne virus plaques in agar overlaid tube cultures.

PMID- 13675204
TI  - Investigation of rejection of canine renal homotransplants by fluorescent
      antibody technic.

PMID- 13675205
TI  - Corticosteroid production in vitro by the interrenal tissue of killifish,
      Fundulus heteroclitus (Linn).

PMID- 13675206
TI  - Bovine ocular squamous cell carcinoma. III. Tissue culture studies of carcinoma.

PMID- 13675207
TI  - Carcinogenic effects of petroleum asphalt.

PMID- 13675208
TI  - Studies in wound healing. III. Contraction in vit. C. deficiency.

PMID- 13675209
TI  - Interference between certain neurotropic viruses in tissue culture.

PMID- 13675210
TI  - Bussuauara; a new arthropod-borne virus.

PMID- 13675211
TI  - Comparative response of normal and cirrhotic rats to intravenously injected
      bacteria.

PMID- 13675212
TI  - Complete and incomplete hemagglutin formation in the mouse.

PMID- 13675213
TI  - Distribution of ions in intestinal smooth muscle.

PMID- 13675214
TI  - Antibody response of adult mice to virus of foot-and-mouth disease.

PMID- 13675215
TI  - Direct evidence for fatty acid mobilization in response to growth hormone
      administration in rat.

PMID- 13675216
TI  - Quantitative determination of infectious units of measles virus by counts of
      immunofluorescent foci.

PMID- 13675217
TI  - Distribution kinetics of intravenous epinephrine.

PMID- 13675218
TI  - Tranquilizing effect of substance P.

PMID- 13675219
TI  - Quantitative study of estrogen-induced atherosclerosis in cockerels.

PMID- 13675220
TI  - Role of rat liver in nonshivering thermogenesis.

PMID- 13675221
TI  - Renal excretion of calcium and phosphate in the mouse as influenced by
      parathyroids.

PMID- 13675222
TI  - Effects of extremely high x-ray intensities and dosages on mice.

PMID- 13675223
TI  - Carbohydrates and gastrointestinal absorption of radiostrontium and radiocalcium
      in the rat.

PMID- 13675224
TI  - Life of guinea pig circulating erythrocyte and its relation to erythrocyte
      population of bone marrow.

PMID- 13675225
TI  - Factors affecting metabolism of muscle collagen. II. Effect of radiation
      exposure.

PMID- 13675226
TI  - Identification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae by means of fluorescent antibodies.

PMID- 13675227
TI  - Effect of intestinal tract irradiation on serum proteins of the rat.

PMID- 13675228
TI  - Growth and S35 uptake of cotton granulomas in rats.

PMID- 13675229
TI  - Effect of hyperthyroidism on distribution of adenosine phosphates and glycogen in
      liver.

PMID- 13675230
TI  - Effect of reserpine on oxytocin and lactogen discharge in lactating rats.

PMID- 13675231
TI  - Effects of gastric juice fractions on uptake of labeled vitamin B12 by rat liver
      slices.

PMID- 13675232
TI  - Serum protein-bound carbohydrates and lipids in cholera.

PMID- 13675233
TI  - Effect of coprophagy on utilization of urea by the rat.

PMID- 13675234
TI  - Effects of inanition, protein depletion and repletion on serum lactic acid
      dehydrogenase levels in rats.

PMID- 13675235
TI  - Rapid reversal of ethionine inhibition of enzyme induction in Pseudomonas
      aeruginosa by L- and D-methionine.

PMID- 13675236
TI  - Stimulation of mitosis in rat marrow cultures by serum from infected rats.

PMID- 13675237
TI  - Histidine metabolic loading test to distinguish folic acid deficiency from vit.
      B12 in megaloblastic anemias.

PMID- 13675238
TI  - Wound healing: investigation of proteins, glycoproteins, and lipids of
      experimental wound fluid in the dog.

PMID- 13675239
TI  - Alterations of gamma globulin with plasma cell neoplasm in mice.

PMID- 13675240
TI  - Decrease of enzymatic synthesis of hexosamine in epiphyseal plates of
      aminoacetonitrile-treated rabbits.

PMID- 13675241
TI  - Hemolysin formation in mice following partial, total splenectomy or spleen
      transplantation.

PMID- 13675242
TI  - Neonatal bilirubin levels following administration of 1-triiodothyronine.

PMID- 13675243
TI  - Diabetogenic action of analogues of 8-hydroxyquinoline.

PMID- 13675244
TI  - Chemotherapy of Ehrlich's ascites tumor with cyanide and ether combinations.

PMID- 13675246
TI  - A new type of lysis from without.

PMID- 13675245
TI  - Adrenal cortical and body temperature responses to repeated endotoxin
      administration.

PMID- 13675247
TI  - Influence of hair growth cycle on cytochrome oxidase and DPNH-cytochrome C
      reductase in mouse epidermis.

PMID- 13675248
TI  - Independence of sedative and analgetic antagonizing effects of two reserpine
      esters.

PMID- 13675249
TI  - Effect of molybdenum on fluoride retention in the rat.

PMID- 13675250
TI  - Spatial summation of pain.

PMID- 13675251
TI  - Action of polylysine on some ascites tumors in mice.

PMID- 13675252
TI  - Intratubular fluid movement in dog kidney during stop flow.

PMID- 13675253
TI  - [Differences between antigenic specificity of nonsoluble particles and soluble
      extracts prepared from Brucellae by disintegration].

PMID- 13675254
TI  - Indirect effect of x-irradiation I131 uptake in chick embryos.

PMID- 13675255
TI  - Specificity of anamnestic response in chickens.

PMID- 13675256
TI  - Nychthemeral variations in plasma free corticosteroid levels of the rat.

PMID- 13675257
TI  - Mucin-like enhancement of microbial virulence for mice by bile salts and certain
      surfactants.

PMID- 13675258
TI  - Lack of effect of disodium calcium EDTA on human serum cholesterol and low
      density lipoproteins.

PMID- 13675259
TI  - In vitro assay of hog intrinsic factor concentrates employing paper
      electrophoresis and Co60-B12.

PMID- 13675260
TI  - Histochemical localization and metabolic significance of glucose-6-phosphate
      dehydrogenase system in adrenal cortex.

PMID- 13675261
TI  - Pathway of enterogastric reflex.

PMID- 13675262
TI  - Preparation of high potency poliovirus in FL cell cultures at room temperature.

PMID- 13675263
TI  - Continuous growth of Brucella abortus in mononuclear phagocytes of rats and
      guinea pigs.

PMID- 13675264
TI  - Virologic use of monkey kidney cells preserved by freezing.

PMID- 13675265
TI  - Influence of N-methylformamide on C14-formate incorporation. III. Effect of time
      of administration of isotope.

PMID- 13675266
TI  - Blocking antibodies in rabbits infected with Brucella melitensis.

PMID- 13675267
TI  - A single-gene antagonism between mother and fetus in the mouse.

PMID- 13675268
TI  - A suitable preparation for pharmacological analysis of EEG activation.

PMID- 13675269
TI  - Failure of cell-free spleen extracts to protect irradiated animals.

PMID- 13675270
TI  - Some relationships between peripheral monoamine oxidase inhibition and brain 5
      hydroxytryptamine levels in rats.

PMID- 13675271
TI  - Induction of plasma-cell neoplasms and fibrosarcomas in BALB/c mice carrying
      diffusion chambers.

PMID- 13675272
TI  - Regulation of cholesterol oxidation by liver in vitro.

PMID- 13675273
TI  - Effect of intragastric temperature changes upon gastric blood flow.

PMID- 13675274
TI  - Failure of liver to inactivate heparin.

PMID- 13675275
TI  - Absorption of heparin from the intestine.

PMID- 13675276
TI  - Fat deposition in musculature of the genetically dystrophic chicken.

PMID- 13675277
TI  - Purification of human pituitary follicle stimulating (FSH) and luteinizing (LH)
      hormones.

PMID- 13675278
TI  - Sensitivity of mice to Neisseria gonorrhoeae lipopolysaccharide after injection
      of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.

PMID- 13675279
TI  - Effect of quinidine on ventricular fibrillation in hypothermic dogs.

PMID- 13675280
TI  - Exogenous timing of rat spontaneous activity periods.

PMID- 13675281
TI  - Autoradiographic studies of antimitotic action of maleuric acid.

PMID- 13675282
TI  - Effect of common bile duct ligation on lipoprotein lipase response in dogs.

PMID- 13675283
TI  - Production of dietary vit. K deficiency in the rat.

PMID- 13675284
TI  - Convulsant effects of mikedimide (3,3, methylethyl glutarimide) in monkeys.

PMID- 13675285
TI  - Isolation of acid soluble nucleotides from rabbit intestinal mucosa.

PMID- 13675286
TI  - Effect of beta-aminopropionitrile (lathyrus factor) on free hydroxyproline,
      proline and glycine in chick embryo.

PMID- 13675287
TI  - Inhibition of steroid-mediated pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase and 17-betta
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase by 2'adenylic acid.

PMID- 13675288
TI  - Transient secretion of phosphate in the mammalian kidney.

PMID- 13675289
TI  - Viremia in ECHO type 6 virus infection.

PMID- 13675290
TI  - Effect of temperature on antibody synthesis in the reptile, Dipsosaurus dorsalis.

PMID- 13675292
TI  - New observations on pneumococcal transformations in vivo.

PMID- 13675291
TI  - Detection of staphylococcal antibodies in human gamma globulin and serum by
      hemagglutination tests.

PMID- 13675293
TI  - Thoracic duct lymph in unanesthetized mouse: method of collection, rate of flow
      and cell content.

PMID- 13675294
TI  - Cytopathology of feline viral rhinotracheitis virus in tissue cultures of feline
      renal cells.

PMID- 13675295
TI  - Effect of midbrain lesions on ovulation and adrenal response of stress in female
      rats.

PMID- 13675296
TI  - Effect of insulin and cortisol on organ cultures of adult mouse mammary gland.

PMID- 13675297
TI  - Prevention by intravenous injection of antigen and antibody of passive Arthus
      reaction to unrelated immune system.

PMID- 13675298
TI  - Effects of air ions on trachea of primates.

PMID- 13675299
TI  - Carcass weight changes in rats bearing Walker carcinosarcoma 256.

PMID- 13675300
TI  - Antigenicity of connective tissue extracts.

PMID- 13675301
TI  - Disease in macacus monkeys inoculated with ECHO viruses.

PMID- 13675302
TI  - Lipemia-induced acceleration of intravascular clotting.

PMID- 13675304
TI  - [Propagation of duck hepatitis virus in tissue culture].

PMID- 13675303
TI  - Labeling of intestinal and lymph cholesterol after administration of tracer doses
      of cholesterol-4-C14.

PMID- 13675305
TI  - Electroencephalographic evidence of osmosensitive elements in olfactory bulb of
      dog brain.

PMID- 13675306
TI  - Infectivity of ribonucleic acid from type I poliovirus in embryonated egg.

PMID- 13675307
TI  - Antagonism of succinylcholine to chlorpropamide-induced hypoglycemia.

PMID- 13675308
TI  - Uptake of radiosulphate by mucopolysaccharides of aorta in cholesterol-fed
      cockerels.

PMID- 13675309
TI  - Comparative effects of bile acids on intestinal absorption of cholesterol.

PMID- 13675310
TI  - Fluorescent-antibody technic for serodiagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi infection.

PMID- 13675311
TI  - Phenolic steroids in human subjects. III. Estrogens in plasma of pregnant women.

PMID- 13675312
TI  - Enhancement of lethal action of endotoxin in mice by triiodothyronine.

PMID- 13675313
TI  - Some effects of enzymatic digestions of fixed monkey kidney tissue cultures on
      their staining patterns.

PMID- 13675314
TI  - Long-term culture of tissue cells in magnet-stirred fluid suspensions.

PMID- 13675315
TI  - Radioautographic study of interkinetic nuclear migration in the neural tube.

PMID- 13675316
TI  - Serum adenosine deaminase activity in cancer.

PMID- 13675317
TI  - Effects of reserpine and serotonin on milk secretion and mammary growth in the
      rat.

PMID- 13675318
TI  - Abnormal serum protein observed in trypan blue-treated rats.

PMID- 13675319
TI  - Electrolyte levels of rat salivary secretions.

PMID- 13675320
TI  - Polysaccharide capsule of Bacillus megaterium.

PMID- 13675321
TI  - Mode of action of trypsin on Bacillus megaterium.

PMID- 13675322
TI  - Effect of B-vitamins on biosynthesis of ascorbic acid from glucose
      cycloacetoacetate in germinating Phaseolus radiatus.

PMID- 13675323
TI  - Ultrastructure and site of formation of rabbit papilloma virus.

PMID- 13675324
TI  - A new virus of ducks interfering with development of malaria parasite (Plasmodium
      lophurae).

PMID- 13675325
TI  - Effect of gastric emptying upon propulsive motility of small intestine of rats.

PMID- 13675326
TI  - Precise zone of localization of anti-kidney antibody in various organs.

PMID- 13675327
TI  - Third component of human complement: resolution into two factors and
      demonstration of a new reaction intermediate.

PMID- 13675328
TI  - [Medical applications of cold].

PMID- 13675329
TI  - [Dietetic & therapeutic value of bee-hive products: honey, pollen, royal jelly].

PMID- 13675330
TI  - [Portal hypertension of splenic origin].

PMID- 13675331
TI  - [Present-day data on the treatment of cerebrovascular accidents].

PMID- 13675332
TI  - [Princes of medicine from Hippocrates to Fleming].

PMID- 13675333
TI  - [Value of kinesitherapy in the treatment of coxarthrosis].

PMID- 13675334
TI  - [Return of chlorosis].

PMID- 13675335
TI  - [Hypervitaminosis in childhood].

PMID- 13675336
TI  - [Cystic fibrosis of the pancreas].

PMID- 13675337
TI  - [Staphylococcal pneumopathies in children].

PMID- 13675338
TI  - [Treatment of non-specific ulcerative colitis].

PMID- 13675339
TI  - [New cortisone derivatives].

PMID- 13675340
TI  - [Unitary view of intermediate metabolism].

PMID- 13675341
TI  - [Selective chromohemodromography in tricuspid defects].

PMID- 13675342
TI  - [Comparison of several components of medullary and peripheral blood in various
      blood diseases].

PMID- 13675343
TI  - [Etiopathogenetic, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of Tietze's syndrome].

PMID- 13675344
TI  - [Jaundice caused by intrahepatic cholestasis].

PMID- 13675345
TI  - [Evolution of the vitamin concept].

PMID- 13675346
TI  - [Glycoproteins & mucoproteins in the bone marrow serum of patients with liver
      diseases].

PMID- 13675347
TI  - [Fibrinogenemia in malignant tumors].

PMID- 13675348
TI  - [Malignant lymphogranuloma of eosinophilic type with leukemic development].

PMID- 13675349
TI  - [Arthropathy of Charcot & intraarticular administration of hydrocortisone].

PMID- 13675350
TI  - [Male sterility & autoantibodies].

PMID- 13675351
TI  - [Chelation processes in therapy].

PMID- 13675352
TI  - [Incidence and pathogenesis of myocardial damage in diffuse glomerulonephritis].

PMID- 13675353
TI  - [Behavior of C-reactive protein in the blood after various types of chest surgery
      for pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13675354
TI  - [Current problems in surgery of tumors of the colon and rectum].

PMID- 13675355
TI  - [Nodosal periarteritis].

PMID- 13675356
TI  - [Tuberculosis is not eliminated yet; what remains to be done].

PMID- 13675357
TI  - [Modern aspects of tuberculous infection].

PMID- 13675358
TI  - [Occupational epithelioma of the skin].

PMID- 13675359
TI  - [Psychological implications in house developments].

PMID- 13675360
TI  - [Description of the current psychoanalytic training curriculum].

PMID- 13675361
TI  - [The inner structure of the psychotherapist & its effects on the analytic
      practice].

PMID- 13675362
TI  - [Metapsychology of pleasure].

PMID- 13675363
TI  - [Ego integration & archetypes of the conjunctio].

PMID- 13675364
TI  - [Formation of a group].

PMID- 13675365
TI  - [Problems of psychoanalytic group psychotherapy].

PMID- 13675366
TI  - [Group methods in the training of social workers].

PMID- 13675367
TI  - [paranoia].

PMID- 13675368
TI  - [Defects of the visual & EEG].

PMID- 13675369
TI  - [Localization of brain factions & its development].

PMID- 13675370
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13675371
TI  - [Critical remarks on Weitbrecht's endoreactive dysthymia].

PMID- 13675372
TI  - [Effects of psychosis & mental deficiency on the course of somatic diseases].

PMID- 13675373
TI  - [Successes of treatment of tuberculous meningitis].

PMID- 13675374
TI  - [The dynamic-structural interpretation of the concept of personal experience].

PMID- 13675375
TI  - [Hallucinosis & schizophrenia].

PMID- 13675376
TI  - [A hallucinatory psychosis in the Westphal-Strumpell-Wilson disease].

PMID- 13675377
TI  - [The problem of familial hereditary syringomelia; case report].

PMID- 13675378
TI  - [Pneumomyelogram of occipital meningocele in infants].

PMID- 13675379
TI  - [Technic & indication for Lindgren's lumbar high pressure encephalography].

PMID- 13675380
TI  - [Sensorial Jacksonian seizures & their relations to the EEG].

PMID- 13675381
TI  - [Thalamic syndrome with sensation disorders in the face and mouth without taste
      disorders].

PMID- 13675382
TI  - [Study on the clinical picture and pathophysiology of aphasias, alexias and
      agraphias].

PMID- 13675383
TI  - [Observations on vascular epilepsy in children].

PMID- 13675384
TI  - [Schizophrenic symptoms in epilepsy].

PMID- 13675385
TI  - [Acute alcoholic hallucinosis and its repeated interruption in suicide attempts
      with illuminating gas].

PMID- 13675386
TI  - [Relation of modern behaviorism to Pavlov's teachings].

PMID- 13675387
TI  - Notes arising from Eysenck's psychology.

PMID- 13675388
TI  - [Determination of a differential threshold for feelings].

PMID- 13675389
TI  - [Experimental studies on the effects of personal importance of the material on
      memory].

PMID- 13675390
TI  - [Dreams of the blind from the standpoint of phenomenology, depth psychology,
      mythology and art; a study on the clarification of conscious and unconscious
      problems of the blind].

PMID- 13675391
TI  - [Repeated cesarean section; clinico-statistical study of operations performed
      during the period 1951-1957].

PMID- 13675392
TI  - [Determination of chorionic gonadotropin in amniotic fluid at term of pregnancy].

PMID- 13675393
TI  - [The umbilical cord in prolonged pregnancy; histomorphological and histochemical
      study].

PMID- 13675394
TI  - [The argentophil reticular stroma in the decidua at the beginning of pregnancy].

PMID- 13675395
TI  - [Primary botryoid sarcoma of the vagina in female infants; personal case of
      primary angiosarcoma of the vagina in a 17-month-old female infant].

PMID- 13675396
TI  - [A case of interstitial pregnancy after homolateral adnexectomy].

PMID- 13675397
TI  - [Clinico-statistical notes on uterine rupture].

PMID- 13675398
TI  - [Various notes on pedicled tumors of the labium majus pudendi].

PMID- 13675399
TI  - [C-reactive protein in relation to the evolution of therapy of female genital
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 13675400
TI  - [Notes on so-called colloid of the corpus luteum].

PMID- 13675401
TI  - [Anatomico-clinical study of the comas with special reference to the functioning
      forms].

PMID- 13675402
TI  - [Etiopathogenesis, prevention and therapy of repeated or habitual spontaneous
      abortion caused by essential placental endocrine imbalance].

PMID- 13675403
TI  - RHEUMATOID arthritis.

PMID- 13675404
TI  - Integrative cardiovascular physiology: a mathematical synthesis of cardiac and
      blood vessel hemodynamics.

PMID- 13675405
TI  - Origin and comparison of the effects of time and high-energy radiations on living
      systems.

PMID- 13675406
TI  - [So-called spontaneous intracranial pneumatocele].

PMID- 13675407
TI  - [Behavior of the satellite metastatic adenopathies of carcinomas of the pharynx].

PMID- 13675408
TI  - [Roentgenotherapy of endocrine exophthalmos].

PMID- 13675409
TI  - [Clinico-statistical survey of malignant lymphoblastomas treated from 1928 to
      1949. VI. Complex, difficult, rare histological cases].

PMID- 13675410
TI  - [Systematization of roentgenotherapy of malignant tumors based on our experience
      with moving beam irradiation at ordinary voltage].

PMID- 13675411
TI  - [Glucuronic acid conjugation of bilirubin & its alteration in the neonatal period
      & in experimental hepatitis].

PMID- 13675412
TI  - [Angiology in modern external medicine].

PMID- 13675413
TI  - [Findings on prolonged apnea caused by succinylcholine: effect of the nature of
      the anesthetic].

PMID- 13675414
TI  - [Correlations between hemodynamics and symptoms of heart disease].

PMID- 13675415
TI  - [Alimentary factors and sterility].

PMID- 13675416
TI  - [Current clinical and histochemico-pathological concepts in diagnosis of
      malignant melanoma of the skin].

PMID- 13675417
TI  - [Unusual clinico-morphological aspects of several cases of myelopathy caused by
      benzolism].

PMID- 13675418
TI  - [Tubercular splenomegaly].

PMID- 13675419
TI  - [Use of an oily fluid with a disinfectant in prevention of air-borne infections].

PMID- 13675420
TI  - [Pathogenesis of fat embolism after fractures].

PMID- 13675421
TI  - [Clinical research on R-875].

PMID- 13675422
TI  - [Rare case of neurofibroma of the cervical vagus].

PMID- 13675423
TI  - [Morphophysiology of the astragalus & mechanism of its fracture (fracture of the
      neck with luxation of the body)].

PMID- 13675424
TI  - [Reflections on the pathogenesis & pathological anatomy of acute postoperative
      parotitis].

PMID- 13675425
TI  - [Anatomico-histological aspects of the adrenal glands in peripheral obliterating
      arteriopathy].

PMID- 13675426
TI  - [Histological and histochemical alterations in the sympathetic ganglia in the
      arteriosclerotic type of chronic obstructive arteriopathy of the lower
      extremities].

PMID- 13675427
TI  - [Radiological aspects of skeletal lesions in peripheral obstructive
      arteriopathy].

PMID- 13675428
TI  - [Notes on the anatomical state of the blood vessels and muscles in peripheral
      arteriopathy; study based on electromyographical investigations].

PMID- 13675429
TI  - [Vascularization of the muscular system of the extremities studies by a method of
      vascular injections].

PMID- 13675430
TI  - [Electromyographical studies of several cases of peripheral obstructive
      arteriopathy].

PMID- 13675431
TI  - [Importance of several instrumental methods in study of peripheral vascular
      diseases].

PMID- 13675432
TI  - [Rheographic investigations in peripheral vascular diseases].

PMID- 13675433
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of electrophoretic research & of the test of colloidal
      lability in chronic focal tonsillitis].

PMID- 13675434
TI  - [Lesions of the extrahepatic bile ducts due to closed injury of the abdomen].

PMID- 13675435
TI  - [Juxtacardial diverticula of the stomach].

PMID- 13675436
TI  - [Electrocardiographic & therapeutic considerations in a case of tachycardia with
      double focus].

PMID- 13675437
TI  - [Solitary plasmacytoma of bone].

PMID- 13675438
TI  - [Oral hypoglycemic agents].

PMID- 13675439
TI  - [Physiopathology and clinical aspects of diabetic disorders].

PMID- 13675440
TI  - [Sciatic syndrome].

PMID- 13675441
TI  - [Osteoarticular reactions after prostatectomy].

PMID- 13675442
TI  - [In rheumatoid arthritis is the Waaler-Rose reaction a reaction of activity or a
      reaction of disease].

PMID- 13675443
TI  - [Research on the familiarity of the rheumatoid factor].

PMID- 13675444
TI  - [Epichondylalgia & its local treatment, with special reference to injections of
      steroids of the cortisone series].

PMID- 13675445
TI  - [Latex fixation test in rheumatism with special reference to rheumatoid
      arthritis; comparison with the Waaler-Rose reaction].

PMID- 13675446
TI  - [Considerations on a female case of accessional & tophaceous gout with
      nephropathy].

PMID- 13675447
TI  - [Lymphoadenosplenohepatomegalic rheumatoid disease].

PMID- 13675448
TI  - [Unfavorable secondary effects of dexamethasone with special reference to
      prolonged therapy].

PMID- 13675449
TI  - [Effects of cortisone-like substances on bioelectric phenomena of the membrane in
      isolated hearts of Rana; changes induced by cortisone on the electrographic
      pictures relative to various potassium concentrations in the perfusion fluid].

PMID- 13675450
TI  - [Data & considerations on the behavior of glucide metabolism in the course of
      dexamethasone therapy].

PMID- 13675451
TI  - [Behavior of the latex test with drop in synovial fluid of patients with
      rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 13675452
TI  - [Research on the presence of the rheumatoid factor in joint capsule homogenate &
      in blister fluid].

PMID- 13675453
TI  - [Pathogenetic problems relative to the rheumatoid factor].

PMID- 13675454
TI  - [Research on vasomotor disorders of the upper extremities present in patients
      with cervicalgia & cervicobrachialgia; changes induced by static variations of
      the cervical spine].

PMID- 13675455
TI  - [Thrombosis of the inferior vena cava].

PMID- 13675457
TI  - [Plastic surgery of the scalp, a vast chapter in dermatological therapeutics].

PMID- 13675456
TI  - [Hypothyroidism and diabetes mellitus; presentation of 6 cases and review of
      world literature].

PMID- 13675458
TI  - [Etiopathogenesis of headache].

PMID- 13675459
TI  - [Therapy of rheumatic diseases and diuretic therapy in the hot baths of Rio
      Hondo].

PMID- 13675460
TI  - [Aneurysm of the cubital artery].

PMID- 13675461
TI  - [Therapy of the appendicular stump].

PMID- 13675462
TI  - [Use and abuse of antibiotic prophylaxis in surgical patients].

PMID- 13675463
TI  - [Antibiotics in general surgery; indications and contraindications].

PMID- 13675464
TI  - [Granulosa cell tumors with ascites].

PMID- 13675465
TI  - [Lymphoma; therapy of serous effusions with radioactive colloidal gold].

PMID- 13675466
TI  - [Radiotherapy of cancer of the breast].

PMID- 13675467
TI  - [The problem of therapy of megaesophagus].

PMID- 13675468
TI  - [Tracheotomy; current concept and indications].

PMID- 13675469
TI  - [Amebiasis; proctological therapy].

PMID- 13675470
TI  - [Study of anatomical variations; bicipitous sartorius muscle].

PMID- 13675471
TI  - [Surgery of cancer in the light of new acquisitions in oncology; intra-operative
      chemotherapy].

PMID- 13675472
TI  - [Radical surgery in advanced cancer of the penis; proposed new technic].

PMID- 13675473
TI  - [Surgery of adenocarcinoma of the tonsillar region].

PMID- 13675474
TI  - [The rhinencephalon; anatomical study & functional significance].

PMID- 13675475
TI  - [Role of secondary causes or those precipitating asthmatic attacks in the
      treatment of the asthmatic patient].

PMID- 13675476
TI  - [Studies on the pressure generated in the airways. II. Level of maximum flow at
      distinct levels of pulmonary inflation].

PMID- 13675477
TI  - [Digestive manifestations of collagen diseases].

PMID- 13675478
TI  - [Combined plethysmography & sphygmography in evaluation of peripheral
      circulation].

PMID- 13675479
TI  - [Effects of riboflavin on blood phospholipids of the tuberculous patient].

PMID- 13675480
TI  - [Case of Gaucher's disease].

PMID- 13675482
TI  - [Influenza vaccination; immunological outline].

PMID- 13675481
TI  - [Two cases of nonfamilial cerebellar atrophy with the clinical characteristics of
      Friedreich's disease].

PMID- 13675483
TI  - [Vectorcardiographic changes of the repolarization complex in normal and
      pathological conditions in childhood].

PMID- 13675484
TI  - [The effects of xanthine derivative Ro 1-8239 on respiration and circulation in
      obstructive pulmonary emphysema].

PMID- 13675485
TI  - [Clinical experience with a new heparin and a new coumarin].

PMID- 13675486
TI  - [Spatial vectorcardiography].

PMID- 13675487
TI  - [Severe acute mumps pancreatitis in a child].

PMID- 13675488
TI  - [Thrombocytopenic purpura during infectious mononucleosis].

PMID- 13675489
TI  - [Adenoviruses].

PMID- 13675490
TI  - [The American Academy of Pediatrics; its objectives and attainment].

PMID- 13675491
TI  - [Filter paper electrophoresis of proteins & lipoproteins in the child].

PMID- 13675492
TI  - [Nephrocalcinosis; clinical & radiological study].

PMID- 13675493
TI  - [Simple micromethod for the isolation & determination of amino acids in
      biological fluids using ion exchange resins & paper chromatography].

PMID- 13675494
TI  - [Research on antidiuretic hormone].

PMID- 13675495
TI  - [Hypoglycemic effect of isonicotinic acid hydrazide in normal, alloxanized &
      pancreatectomized dogs].

PMID- 13675496
TI  - [Experimental effects of thiamine diphosphate & monophosphate on the heart].

PMID- 13675497
TI  - [Acute purulent pericarditis; report of two cases of infantile staphylococcal
      pericarditis].

PMID- 13675498
TI  - [Study of fetal hemoglobin in dystrophic infants].

PMID- 13675499
TI  - [Antibiotic appendicitis in children. II. Diagnosis; therapy, conclusions].

PMID- 13675500
TI  - [Maturing and growth in adolescence. II].

PMID- 13675501
TI  - [Abdominal surgical emergencies in children caused by Ascaris lumbricoides].

PMID- 13675502
TI  - [Changes in circulating eosinophils caused by surgery in children].

PMID- 13675503
TI  - [A case of epignathus].

PMID- 13675504
TI  - [Rectal atresia; abdomino-perineal surgery, recovery].

PMID- 13675505
TI  - [Megacolon and its problems. I. Basic concepts of its three forms].

PMID- 13675507
TI  - [Death of Jose M. Julian Gil].

PMID- 13675506
TI  - [Pediatrics and puericulture].

PMID- 13675508
TI  - [Mental rehabilitation of the tuberculosis patient].

PMID- 13675509
TI  - [Various mechanisms of ventilatory & respiratory accommodation].

PMID- 13675510
TI  - [Normal & pathological hemodynamics through catheterization of the left heart].

PMID- 13675511
TI  - [Identification of adult bone remains].

PMID- 13675512
TI  - [Skin diseases in the automobile industry of Cordoba].

PMID- 13675513
TI  - [A variety or new species of Pseudomonas].

PMID- 13675514
TI  - [Dermatomyositis; 2 case reports].

PMID- 13675515
TI  - [Menarchal age in Brazil].

PMID- 13675516
TI  - [Effect of 2-aminoethyl-isothiuronium dibromide on glucose consumption and
      glycogen synthesis of the isolated diaphragm and glucose consumption of rat brain
      homogenate].

PMID- 13675517
TI  - [Effect of serumal gonadotropin on phosphatase in the blood].

PMID- 13675518
TI  - [Effect of insulin on glucose metabolism by fatty tissue in vitro].

PMID- 13675519
TI  - [Ambulatory therapy of diabetes with D.B.I.; preliminary results].

PMID- 13675520
TI  - [Diagnostic value of the curve of thyroid uptake of radiactive iodine associated
      with the triiodothyronine inhibition test].

PMID- 13675522
TI  - [Perspectives of modern endocrinology].

PMID- 13675521
TI  - [Juvenile macrosomic adiposity].

PMID- 13675523
TI  - [Considerations on a case of atypical arrhenoblastoma].

PMID- 13675525
TI  - [Acute renal insufficiency].

PMID- 13675524
TI  - [Nursing in Chile].

PMID- 13675526
TI  - [Studies on the adrenal cortical activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis:
      daily pattern & value of urinary excretion of total 17-hydroxycorticosteroids &
      17-ketosteroids in 24 hours].

PMID- 13675527
TI  - [Effect of chlorothiazide in the treatment of syndrome with water-salt retention
      & arterial hypertension].

PMID- 13675528
TI  - [Chlorothiazide: a new diuretic in the treatment of cardiac insufficiency].

PMID- 13675529
TI  - [Vertebral hemangioma].

PMID- 13675530
TI  - [Treatment of plantar verruca with radiotherapy].

PMID- 13675531
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13675533
TI  - [Anatomic REUNION].

PMID- 13675532
TI  - [Obstructive anuria caused by metastases of cancer of the uterine cervix].

PMID- 13675534
TI  - [Level of life & health].

PMID- 13675535
TI  - [Defense of social security].

PMID- 13675537
TI  - [From Hippocrates to Ramazzini: primitive history of industrial medicine].

PMID- 13675536
TI  - [Physiopathology of the pancreas].

PMID- 13675538
TI  - [Evaluation of zactirin, a new analgesic combination].

PMID- 13675539
TI  - [Integral child welfare].

PMID- 13675540
TI  - [Disorders of metabolism of proteins & glycides in portacaval shunts;
      experimental study].

PMID- 13675541
TI  - [Immediate results of treatment of advanced malignant tumors by the association
      of chemotherapy with high doses of hormones].

PMID- 13675542
TI  - [An artery bank of simple organization & function; the artery bank of the Faculty
      of Medicine of the University of Sao Paulo].

PMID- 13675543
TI  - [Implants of homologous arteries in the treatment of peripheral arterial
      occlusions].

PMID- 13675544
TI  - [In vitro action of amphotericin B on Paracoccidioides brasiliensis].

PMID- 13675545
TI  - [Micrognathia].

PMID- 13675546
TI  - [Intestinal antisepsis by neomycin].

PMID- 13675547
TI  - [Transhepatic percutaneous puncture of the portal system].

PMID- 13675549
TI  - [Prevention of cancer of the mouth].

PMID- 13675548
TI  - [Continuous ventilatory oxygen flow in apnea during laryngobronchoscopy].

PMID- 13675550
TI  - [Trichobezoar; presentation of two cases].

PMID- 13675552
TI  - [Benign lymphoma of the rectum].

PMID- 13675551
TI  - [Traumatic hemobilia; presentation of a case treated by ligation of the left
      branch of the hepatic artery].

PMID- 13675553
TI  - [Specific correlations of transference & countertransference].

PMID- 13675554
TI  - [Magical aspects of paranoid & depressive anxieties].

PMID- 13675555
TI  - [Metapsychology of pleasure].

PMID- 13675557
TI  - [Preliminary observations on the fate of mast cells of the peritoneal fluid of
      the rat in tissue cultures].

PMID- 13675556
TI  - [Psychoanalysis of psychotics].

PMID- 13675558
TI  - Biochemical composition of the chromaffin granules of the medulla.

PMID- 13675559
TI  - [Effects of ultraviolet irradiation on the growth & capillary resistance of the
      guinea pig].

PMID- 13675560
TI  - [Research on the mechanism of action of vitamins A, P & C on capillary
      resistance].

PMID- 13675561
TI  - [Efficacy of the role of artificial aponeurotic suspension of the rectum in the
      dog].

PMID- 13675562
TI  - [Evaluation of the value of artificial aponeurotic suspension of the rectum in
      the dog].

PMID- 13675563
TI  - [Confirmation of the role & value of artificial aponeurotic suspension of
      intrapelvic organs in the dog].

PMID- 13675564
TI  - [Guide rules for preparation of a sanitary training program on the subject of
      atomic warfare].

PMID- 13675565
TI  - [Survival rations].

PMID- 13675566
TI  - [Importance of plasma for the Military Health Service].

PMID- 13675567
TI  - [The menocytes].

PMID- 13675568
TI  - [Hematologic aspects of agammaglobulinema].

PMID- 13675569
TI  - [Tripeptidase activity of plasma & experimental endogenous protein
      hypercatabolism].

PMID- 13675570
TI  - [Prehypophysial thyreotropic & gonadotropic functions during protein fasting in
      the rat].

PMID- 13675571
TI  - [Studies on acute barbiturate poisoning. I. Effects of variations of acid-base
      equilibrium on distribution of phenobarbital in the body of the nephrectomized
      dog].

PMID- 13675572
TI  - [Gastric juice in pernicious anemia; physiocochemical characteristics of total
      achlorhydria & composition of the primary alkaline secretion of the stomach].

PMID- 13675573
TI  - [Ventilatory action of acetazolamide. IV. Effects of extracellular acidosis &
      alkalosis on inhibition of globular anhydrase by acetazolamide].

PMID- 13675575
TI  - [Heparin-sensitive blood lipoproteins].

PMID- 13675574
TI  - [Measurement of urinary aldosterone in hypokalemic patients].

PMID- 13675576
TI  - [Phase contrast & electron microscopy of the plasmocyte. IV. Clasmatosis].

PMID- 13675577
TI  - [Soluble & insoluble collagens in the formation of experimental cirrhosis].

PMID- 13675578
TI  - [Effects of hormones on leukemogenesis of mice].

PMID- 13675579
TI  - [Colorimetric units of transaminase activity of blood].

PMID- 13675580
TI  - [Observations on orality & oral object relationship].

PMID- 13675581
TI  - [Fixations, regressions & homosexuality in tests of the Rorschach type;
      contribution to a dynamic & structural diagnosis].

PMID- 13675582
TI  - [Electron microscopic study of infrastructural modifications presented by
      polynuclear neutrophils in aseptic inflammatory foci].

PMID- 13675583
TI  - [Appearance of an inhibitor of thromboplastin formation during proteolysis of
      fibrinogen].

PMID- 13675584
TI  - [Action of anti-platelet immune antibodies on the thromboelastogram].

PMID- 13675585
TI  - [ABO blood groups in cancer and ulcer of the stomach and duodenum].

PMID- 13675586
TI  - [Demonstration of M and N antigens in human blood platelets].

PMID- 13675587
TI  - [New observations on the erythroblast islet and rhopheocytosis of ferritin].

PMID- 13675588
TI  - [Induced hypothermia].

PMID- 13675589
TI  - Blood group recording on identification tags.

PMID- 13675590
TI  - [Teaching, dissemination & control of the application of the Geneva conventions].

PMID- 13675591
TI  - [Work program for the dissemination of the Geneva conventions among the armed
      forces & the medical corps arranged by the international committee of the Red
      Cross].

PMID- 13675592
TI  - [Cardiovascular dynamics].

PMID- 13675593
TI  - [Treatment of cardiac arrest].

PMID- 13675594
TI  - [The standardized stretcher with built-in Gregoire suspension].

PMID- 13675595
TI  - [The present confusion in the choice of national medical insignia of the various
      Medical Corps].

PMID- 13675596
TI  - [The voice after cordectomy].

PMID- 13675597
TI  - [Clinical and therapeutic aspects of 275 cases of tumors of the base of the
      tongue].

PMID- 13675598
TI  - [Function of the windows of the inner ear studied by means of sounds introduced
      directly into the cochlea].

PMID- 13675599
TI  - [Hearing improvement after fenestration of the labyrinth in case of mobile stapes
      in otosclerosis].

PMID- 13675600
TI  - [Contribution to the study of sudden labyrinthine deafness].

PMID- 13675601
TI  - [The sign of the uvula; contraindications for tonsillectomy in case of rheumatism
      and pseudo-rheumatism].

PMID- 13675602
TI  - [Aphonia in a child after tracheotomy for laryngeal papillomatosis].

PMID- 13675603
TI  - [Subacute mastoiditis masked by sulfonamide therapy].

PMID- 13675604
TI  - [A case of Hodgkin's disease with tonsillar onset].

PMID- 13675605
TI  - [Indications for vitamin K1 in prevention and therapy of hemorrhages in
      otorhinolaryngology; administration of a preparation of potable drops of vitamin
      K1].

PMID- 13675606
TI  - [Nephritis in children and nasopharyngeal therapeutics].

PMID- 13675607
TI  - [Study of nephritis in otorhinolaryngology].

PMID- 13675608
TI  - [Recent acquisitions in etiopathogenesis of post-anginal nephritis].

PMID- 13675609
TI  - [Nephritis and chromic acid].

PMID- 13675610
TI  - [A case of bilateral bleeding tumor of the ethmoidal labyrinth].

PMID- 13675611
TI  - [Latent infections of the tonsil and ocular diseases].

PMID- 13675612
TI  - [Coexistence of chronic sinusitis and a cerebral tumor too long undetected].

PMID- 13675613
TI  - [Preliminary notes on the use of palfium in otorhinolaryngological surgical
      practice].

PMID- 13675614
TI  - [Professor Edmond Foret; 1892-1959].

PMID- 13675615
TI  - [Sexual development and behavior].

PMID- 13675616
TI  - [A minor epidemic of distomiasis in the Ardennes].

PMID- 13675617
TI  - [A case of medio-facial furuncle of malignant evolution].

PMID- 13675618
TI  - [Difficulties in choice of homogenous samples for genetic studies].

PMID- 13675619
TI  - [The first construction, by Theodore Schwann, of a closed-circuit apparatus for
      sustaining life in an irrespirable environment].

PMID- 13675620
TI  - [Hepatonephritis, jaundice & eclampsia].

PMID- 13675621
TI  - [Case of thrombopenia of toxic origin with hemorrhagic syndrome; cure by hormonal
      treatment].

PMID- 13675622
TI  - [Aphasia of Wernicke].

PMID- 13675623
TI  - [Etiological investigation in patients with respiratory allergies, basis of
      specific desensitization].

PMID- 13675624
TI  - [Results of feminizing treatment in a case of male pseudohermaphroditism].

PMID- 13675625
TI  - [Improved forms of the Theodore Schwann respiratory apparatus & physiological
      technics of measurement derived from their principles].

PMID- 13675626
TI  - [Thyroiditis or cancer].

PMID- 13675627
TI  - [The problem of anesthesia in neurosurgery].

PMID- 13675628
TI  - [Mesomeric theory & cancerogenic activity].

PMID- 13675629
TI  - [Acid-base equilibrium in respiratory pathology].

PMID- 13675630
TI  - [Iodine disappearance test & its variations: study of the fixation curve of
      radioactive iodine after its maximum in euthyroid & dysthyroid subjects;
      comparison with plasmatic measurements: diagnostic value].

PMID- 13675631
TI  - [Remote results of prefrontal lobotomy].

PMID- 13675632
TI  - [Catamnestic study of a series of lobotomies in Suisse Romande].

PMID- 13675633
TI  - [Management of urinary incontinence in women].

PMID- 13675635
TI  - [Detection of conductors of pathological genes].

PMID- 13675634
TI  - [Genetic consultations].

PMID- 13675636
TI  - [Hereditary metabolic disorders].

PMID- 13675637
TI  - [Hereditary endocrine disorders].

PMID- 13675638
TI  - [HENRI GALLETTI: 1890-1959].

PMID- 13675639
TI  - [Several examples of the use of isotopes in the study of photosynthesis].

PMID- 13675640
TI  - [Are pharmacotherapeutic activities predictable].

PMID- 13675641
TI  - [Obituary of Dr. Jacques Bailly, veterinarian and former department head of the
      Institute Pasteur of Tangiers (1890-1958)].

PMID- 13675642
TI  - [Use of nomography in biology in general and hematology in particular].

PMID- 13675643
TI  - [Report of a case of post-traumatic cardiac erethism].

PMID- 13675645
TI  - [Pure air and ionization].

PMID- 13675644
TI  - [Preputial graft of a leg].

PMID- 13675646
TI  - [Introduction to the physiopathology of blood platelets].

PMID- 13675647
TI  - [Thrombopenias: general characteristics, classification, development &
      treatment].

PMID- 13675648
TI  - [Thrombocythemia and thrombocytosis].

PMID- 13675649
TI  - [Thrombopathies and thrombasthenia].

PMID- 13675650
TI  - [Antiplatelet auto-antibodies & immunological tests].

PMID- 13675651
TI  - [Therapeutic use of blood platelets].

PMID- 13675652
TI  - [Cytostatic agents].

PMID- 13675653
TI  - [General reflections on pancreatitis].

PMID- 13675654
TI  - [Anatomopathology of chronic pancreatitis].

PMID- 13675655
TI  - [Clinical & radiological diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis (evolutive pancreatic
      sclerosis)].

PMID- 13675656
TI  - [Surgical treatment of chronic pancreatitis].

PMID- 13675658
TI  - [Treatment of acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 13675657
TI  - [Acute pancreatitis & cholelithiasis].

PMID- 13675659
TI  - [Sarcoidosis; clinical study of 160 cases].

PMID- 13675660
TI  - [Neuropsychiatry in 1958].

PMID- 13675661
TI  - [Diagnosis of cerebellar syndrome].

PMID- 13675663
TI  - [Nervous complications of poisoning by organic derivatives of ethane].

PMID- 13675662
TI  - [Neurologic complications of internal organ neoplasms].

PMID- 13675664
TI  - [Chemotherapy of depressive states].

PMID- 13675665
TI  - [Pott's disease-like erosive & destructive forms of lumbar arthrosis].

PMID- 13675666
TI  - [Painful reflex dystrophies of the extremities].

PMID- 13675667
TI  - [Uncommon case of osseous dysplasia].

PMID- 13675668
TI  - [Complications of intraarticular injections of hydrocortisone].

PMID- 13675669
TI  - [Use of delta-hydrocortisone by intraspinal route].

PMID- 13675670
TI  - [Echinococcosis of the ilium].

PMID- 13675671
TI  - [Muscular senescence and locomotor senescence].

PMID- 13675672
TI  - [Aging & the osteoarticular apparatus].

PMID- 13675673
TI  - [Remarks on aging of the locomotor apparatus].

PMID- 13675674
TI  - [Adrenalectomy in bone metastases of breast cancer].

PMID- 13675675
TI  - [Topic of the French Society of Phlebography; rheumatism & veins].

PMID- 13675676
TI  - [Tranquilizers].

PMID- 13675677
TI  - [Reversibility of malignant arterial hypertension by means of treatment with
      ganglionic blocking agents].

PMID- 13675678
TI  - [Observations & results in patients with malignant hemolymphatic diseases treated
      with p-(N,N-di-2-chloroethyl) aminophenylbutyric acid (CB 1348)].

PMID- 13675679
TI  - [Hydrocortisone aerosol combined with chemo-antibiotic therapy in the treatment
      of cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13675681
TI  - [Biological & clinical characteristics of a new progestational agent].

PMID- 13675680
TI  - [Dexamethasone, new synthetic corticoid].

PMID- 13675682
TI  - [Current status of antidiphtheria therapy].

PMID- 13675683
TI  - [Hyperazotemia in the manifestations of postoperative disease].

PMID- 13675684
TI  - [Erythroleukemic myelosis with predominantly erythremic terminal stage:
      development & complications].

PMID- 13675685
TI  - [Rare monolateral form of mandibulofacial dysostosis].

PMID- 13675686
TI  - [Burns].

PMID- 13675687
TI  - [Coronary disease: several new etiopathogenetic and therapeutic aspects].

PMID- 13675688
TI  - [The incidence of pulmonary forms of tuberculosis in the aged].

PMID- 13675689
TI  - [Notes on surgery of horseshoe kidney].

PMID- 13675690
TI  - [Daily tasks and problems of university clinics for diseases of the nervous
      system].

PMID- 13675692
TI  - [New approaches in biochemical investigations in tumors of the bladder].

PMID- 13675693
TI  - [Difficulty in early diagnosis of cancer].

PMID- 13675691
TI  - [Studies of diuresis caused by hydrochlorothiazide].

PMID- 13675694
TI  - [Clinical medicine and the laboratory].

PMID- 13675695
TI  - [Peripheral vascular system changes in several collagen diseases. I.
      Photoplethysmographic, oscillometric and capillaroscopic findings in rheumatoid
      arthritis].

PMID- 13675696
TI  - [Relations between blood proteins and the leukocyte formula in pulmonary
      tuberculosis patients].

PMID- 13675697
TI  - [Total and partial patellectomy].

PMID- 13675698
TI  - [Studies of iron absorption; critical review of the theory of mucosal block].

PMID- 13675699
TI  - [Possibility of an allergic mechanism in perforation of gastroduodenal ulcer:
      clinico-histological study].

PMID- 13675700
TI  - [Notes on the physiology of the distal esophagus: esophago-gastric transit in
      relation to respiratory phases: roentgen-kymographic study].

PMID- 13675701
TI  - [Benign tumors of the epididymis, with report of a case of leiomyoma].

PMID- 13675702
TI  - [Studies of the behavior of serum mucoid in diabetes mellitus; clinical study].

PMID- 13675703
TI  - [Semeiological value and significance of laboratory findings for diagnosis of
      hemolytic anemia].

PMID- 13675704
TI  - [Pleuritis with eosinophilic exudate and unusual cytological aspect].

PMID- 13675705
TI  - [The importance of viral hepatitis in etiopathogenesis of portal cirrhosis].

PMID- 13675706
TI  - [Immediate and late results of plastic abdominal surgery with tantalum mesh].

PMID- 13675707
TI  - [Experiments in transplantation of rudiments of limbs in very young Bufo vulgaris
      larvae; consequent effects on the spinal ganglia & spinal cord].

PMID- 13675708
TI  - [Protein secretion of the epididymis in reptiles; cytophotometric study].

PMID- 13675709
TI  - [Cytochrome c oxidase & ultrastructure in the mitochondrial fraction of amphibian
      oocytes].

PMID- 13675710
TI  - [System of conduction in the heart of rodents].

PMID- 13675711
TI  - [Labor disputes before the Constitutional Court].

PMID- 13675712
TI  - [Statistics and remarks concerning occupational diseases].

PMID- 13675714
TI  - [Reduction of fractures of the distal epiphysis of the radius by means of
      vertical traction with weights].

PMID- 13675713
TI  - [Bier's method of thermotherapy; clinical uses with special reference to
      traumatology].

PMID- 13675715
TI  - [Notes on several cases of lead poisoning in demolishers of storage batteries].

PMID- 13675716
TI  - [Accident proneness and possibilities of accidents in work safety].

PMID- 13675717
TI  - [Giuseppe Nervi, 1878-1958].

PMID- 13675718
TI  - [Myoclonic syndromes; problem of the clinical form].

PMID- 13675719
TI  - [Neurological symptomatology of vertebral angioma; concerning three cases of
      medullary compression].

PMID- 13675720
TI  - [Electroencephalographic study of subarachnoid hemorrhage].

PMID- 13675721
TI  - [Research on megimide (4,4-ethylmethylglutarimide), activator in
      electroencephalography].

PMID- 13675722
TI  - [Multiple spinal abnormalities with lipoma of the cauda equine].

PMID- 13675723
TI  - [Normal electrodiagnostic picture of the frontal muscle].

PMID- 13675724
TI  - [Parenteral administration of combined trypsin-chymtrypsin for the treatment of
      inflammatory gynecological conditions].

PMID- 13675725
TI  - [Clinical & experimental research on a new progestational compound: 6 alpha
      methyl-17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone acetate (farlutal)].

PMID- 13675726
TI  - [Effects of testosterone on the gallbladder in women].

PMID- 13675727
TI  - [Possibility of use in obstetrics & gynecology of a new psychoplegic centroleptic
      drugs: phenaglycodol].

PMID- 13675728
TI  - [Case of simultaneous uterine & tubal pregnancy].

PMID- 13675729
TI  - [Case of edemigenous bronchopulmonitis appearing in advanced labor].

PMID- 13675730
TI  - [Fibrinolysis in the last stages of labor and in the early postpartum period].

PMID- 13675732
TI  - [Notes on a case of twin pregnancy in a woman with prior myocardial infarct].

PMID- 13675731
TI  - [Notes on the use of fluothane in anesthesia for minor gynecological surgery].

PMID- 13675733
TI  - [Dynamic dystocia and insulin, with special reference to therapy of spastic
      inertia].

PMID- 13675734
TI  - [Clinico-statistical report of morbidity and mortality among newborn infants in
      the Obstetrical Department of the Hospital of Brescia during the past five years
      (1954-55-56-58)].

PMID- 13675735
TI  - [Hernia of the esophageal hiatus and pregnancy].

PMID- 13675737
TI  - [Notes on the use of hydrochlorothiazide in edema of pregnancy].

PMID- 13675736
TI  - [Maternal nutrition in pathogenesis of neonatal goiter].

PMID- 13675738
TI  - [Clinico-statistical data on the premature infants born to married and unmarried
      mothers in the Maternity Home of the National Institute of Maternal & Child
      Welfare in Rovereto in the year 1957 and 1958].

PMID- 13675739
TI  - [Several cases of vaginitis and vulvo-vaginitis treated with R 1548 alone and
      with estrogens].

PMID- 13675740
TI  - [Notes on the appearance of malaria in the puerperium].

PMID- 13675741
TI  - [Presidential address].

PMID- 13675742
TI  - Reticulum cell sarcoma presenting in the testis; two rare cases.

PMID- 13675743
TI  - Chlorothiazide (diuril) in practice.

PMID- 13675744
TI  - Opacification of gallstones.

PMID- 13675745
TI  - Hidden rewards of skin biopsy.

PMID- 13675746
TI  - Hypnoanalgesia in medicine.

PMID- 13675747
TI  - Clinical experiences with enuresis.

PMID- 13675748
TI  - Conservation of ovarian tissues in pelvic surgery.

PMID- 13675749
TI  - Leukemia and pregnancy.

PMID- 13675750
TI  - [Experiences with histological methods of rapid bioptic and necroptic diagnosis].

PMID- 13675751
TI  - [Elastic properties of peripheral arteries in diauetics; study on diagnosis of
      the preclinical stage of arteriosclerosis of peripheral vessels].

PMID- 13675752
TI  - [Post-traumatic neuroses].

PMID- 13675753
TI  - [Treatment of shingles].

PMID- 13675754
TI  - [Rheumatic diseases in society: their ravages & our means of prevention].

PMID- 13675755
TI  - [Reflections and conclusive opinion concerning healing].

PMID- 13675756
TI  - [The training of hospital administrators].

PMID- 13675757
TI  - [Heart rate during the singing of Cesar Franck's "Procession"].

PMID- 13675758
TI  - [Napoleon's expiation and his physicians].

PMID- 13675759
TI  - Age of sex-determining mechanisms in vertebrates.
AB  - Certain characteristic patterns of physiologic sex determination are not causally
      linked with types of genic and chromosomal constitution (XX-XY or ZW-ZZ). The
      observed widespread but not universal parallelism in the distribution of genetic
      and physiologic patterns among vertebrate groups expresses genealogic
      relationship. On the basis of this interpretation one may estimate the
      approximate evolutionary age of the mechanism of genetic sex determination. It is
      concluded that in all tetrapod vertebrates these mechanisms originated during the
      Jurassic period. Environmental conditions seem to affect the progress of this
      evolution.

PMID- 13675760
TI  - Use of phosphorus-32 in microassay for nucleic acid synthesis in Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - A method was developed to facilitate studies of ribonucleic acid and
      deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in growing bacterial cultures of small volume.
      The nucleic acid fractions were separated by means of a modified Schmidt
      Thannhauser procedure applied to micro quantities of P(32)-labeled cells
      collected on membrane filters. The validity and usefulness of the method are
      discussed.

PMID- 13675761
TI  - Leukemogenic activity of filtrates from radiation-induced lymphoid tumors of
      mice.
AB  - Cell-free filtrates of x-ray-induced lymphoid tumors of strain C57BL/ Ka mice
      have elicited, on injection into newborn isologous hosts, a lymphoma incidence of
      15 to 19 percent. In control mice of the same subline, the incidence of
      spontaneous lymphoma is about 1 percent. No leukemogenic activity could be
      detected in filtrates from thymi harvested at 2 to 32 days following completion
      of x-ray treatment. Activity was evident at 64 days and was perhaps somewhat
      greater at 128 days. Serial cell-free passage of filtrates in newborn F(1) hybrid
      mice resulted in a marked increase in lymphoma incidence (69 percent), coupled
      with a shortening of the median latency. Supplementary x-irradiation failed to
      enhance the activity of filtrates after neonatal injection.

PMID- 13675762
TI  - Biophysical approach toward tumor regression in mice.
AB  - An external electrical source of low magnitude was used in a series of
      experiments to alter inherent tumor potentials in mice. While no significant
      increase of tumor growth was noted in the acceleration group, total tumor
      regressions were obtained in the inhibition group. Preliminary studies with
      leukemia did not yield significant results.

PMID- 13675763
TI  - X-ray dosimetry and contact microradiography with color film.
AB  - The effect of x-rays at various voltages and intensities, with monochromatic and
      polychromatic beams, on Ektachrome daylight and artificial-light film was
      investigated. The colors were rated according to the Munsell color system and
      ranged over all the spectrum except red. The color in terms of hue, value,
      saturation, and chroma was a function of wavelength as well as intensity, and
      thus the method may be useful in dosimetry as well as in radiography.
      Microradiographs of metals and wood were remarkable in showing detail not
      obtainable with conventional black-and-white photographic emulsions.

PMID- 13675764
TI  - Chromosomal translocation in domestic fowl induced by x-rays.
AB  - The cytological appearance and behavior of an x-ray-induced reciprocal
      translocation between the first and second chromsome of the domestic fowl is
      described, and its relevance to the further definition of linkage studies in the
      fowl is observed.

PMID- 13675765
TI  - Affectional responses in the infant monkey; orphaned baby monkeys develop a
      strong and persistent attachment to inanimate surrogate mothers.

PMID- 13675767
TI  - Robert Emerson, investigator of photosynthesis.

PMID- 13675766
TI  - Amino acid metabolism in mammalian cell cultures.

PMID- 13675768
TI  - Isolation of a hemolytic component of fire ant venom.
AB  - A crystalline hemolytic principle, shown to be a constituent of fire ant venom
      and having the properties of an amine, was isolated from crude extracts of whole
      ants. The chromatographic procedure of isolation is described, and a preliminary
      report is given about some properties of the substance.

PMID- 13675769
TI  - A mammalian thioglycosidase.
AB  - A thioglycosidase capable of catalyzing the hydrolysis of 6-purine beta-d
      glucothiopyranoside and other thioglycosides has been found in a number of
      mammalian tissues (including tumors) as well as in almond emulsin. The substrate
      specificity of mammalian thioglycosidase involves both the aglycone and the
      glycosyl moieties.

PMID- 13675770
TI  - Learning differences in two separated lines of mice.
AB  - Significant differences in conditioning and response topography were obtained
      with two lines in C57BL/10 mice, suggesting the occurrence of a behavioral
      mutation. It is suggested that the two lines be classified as substrains. The two
      substrains would appear to be useful in experiments on the genetics of behavior.

PMID- 13675771
TI  - 10-Hydroxy-delta 2-decenoic acid, an antibiotic found in royal jelly.
AB  - 10-Hydroxy-Delta(2)-decenoic acid, the major component of the lipide fraction of
      royal jelly, exhibits antibiotic activity against many bacteria and fungi. This
      fatty acid is less than one-fourth as active as penicillin against Micrococcus
      pyogenes and less than one-fifth as active as chlortetracycline against
      Escherichia coli. It also slows the growth rate of Neurospora sitophila and some
      unidentified molds. The salt of this compound is considerably less active than
      the free acid.

PMID- 13675772
TI  - Inhibition of O-methyltransferase by catechol and sensitization to epinephrine.
AB  - Catechol at equimolecular concentration inhibits the inactivation of adrenaline
      by O-methyltransferase in vitro about 50 percent. The inhibition is probably
      responsible for the sensitization of smooth muscles to epinephrine by various
      ortho di- or triphenols.

PMID- 13675773
TI  - Prolactin, a factor in promoting survival of hypophysectomized killifish in fresh
      water.
AB  - The naturally occurring corticosteroids, cortisol and aldosterone, failed to
      promote survival of hypophysectomized Fundulus heteroclitus in fresh water.
      Extracts of Fundulus interrenal tissue, carp corpuscles of Stannius, and hog
      renin were ineffective. Injection of whole rat-pituitary brei was partially
      successful. Highly purified prolactin maintained survival, although the
      recipients did not eat normally. A synergic action of prolactin with some
      unidentified pituitary hormone is suspected.

PMID- 13675774
TI  - Differentiation of activity of three mouse strains with magnetic pickup
      apparatus.
AB  - An activity pickup, when used with a high-gain amplifier, permits records to be
      made of essentially all the activity of a mouse. The sensitivity is such that the
      differences in the activity patterns of strains of mice can be determined.

PMID- 13675775
TI  - Tartaric acid metabolism of Neurospora crassa.
AB  - The growth of wild type Neurospora crassa is stimulated by various organic acids
      including tartaric, tartronic, and mesoxalic acids. Evidence is presented that
      this organism converts d- or l-tartaric acid to tartronic and mesoxalic acid,
      probably by fixation of CO(2).

PMID- 13675776
TI  - Francesco Redi.

PMID- 13675777
TI  - Spatial flight physiology.

PMID- 13675778
TI  - Renal histopathology in the para-nephritic nephrotic syndrome; optical and
      electron microscopic studies of kidney biopsies.

PMID- 13675779
TI  - Isolated lymph-gland silicosis.

PMID- 13675780
TI  - On the nervous mechanism and changes of the acetylcholine content of the brain in
      experimental traumatic shock.

PMID- 13675781
TI  - On the experimental production and prevention of the cardio-ventricular
      fibrillation of mammals.

PMID- 13675782
TI  - Conditioning and brain waves.

PMID- 13675783
TI  - Charles Lyell.

PMID- 13675784
TI  - Glaucoma.

PMID- 13675785
TI  - The enzyme-substrate complex.

PMID- 13675786
TI  - [Familial oxalosis with secondary hyperchloremic acidosis].

PMID- 13675787
TI  - [Partial failure of 21-hydroxylation of corticosteroids in an adult male with
      severe arterial hypertension].

PMID- 13675788
TI  - [Periarteritis nodosa with high blood eosinophil count in an asthmatic female
      following an autogenous vaccination; presence of coronary granulomatous lesions
      at autopsy].

PMID- 13675789
TI  - [A hemorrhagic & hypertensive form of periarteritis nodosa].

PMID- 13675790
TI  - [Value and indication of cytological methods].

PMID- 13675791
TI  - [Cytology of irradiated uterine cancer].

PMID- 13675792
TI  - [Luteal function; value of vaginal smears in the estimation of its function].

PMID- 13675793
TI  - [Medical treatment of overlooked choledochal calculi].

PMID- 13675794
TI  - [Endocrine factors in biliary dyskinesia].

PMID- 13675795
TI  - [Peripheral neuritis in chronic evolutive polyarthritis].

PMID- 13675796
TI  - [Anatomical & clinical study of multineuritis in chronic evolutive polyarthritis
      (periarteritis nodosa & chronic evolutive polyarthritis)].

PMID- 13675798
TI  - [Transitory latero-tracheal adenopathies associated with a positive antigen
      reaction of cat-scratch disease].

PMID- 13675797
TI  - [Respiratory manifestations of collagen diseases; 2 new cases].

PMID- 13675799
TI  - [A case of congenital galactosemia; development of hepatic lesions: evidence of
      enzyme deficiency; familial study].

PMID- 13675800
TI  - [Idiopathic chronic idiopathic type, Dubin-Johnson type].

PMID- 13675801
TI  - [Chronic cholostatic icterus caused by cholangiolitis & pericholangiolitis (Mac
      Mahon's syndrome) in an 18-month old child].

PMID- 13675802
TI  - [Macro-nodular tuberculosis of the liver; a case report with review of the
      literature].

PMID- 13675803
TI  - [Female pseudohermaphroditism with total virilization (penile urethra) caused by
      adrenal hyperplasia; case report].

PMID- 13675804
TI  - [Edematous form of cystic fibrosis of pancreas with hypoproteinemia & anemia].

PMID- 13675805
TI  - [Presentday treatment of mental deficiency in child].

PMID- 13675806
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13675807
TI  - [Accidents in bronchoscopy].

PMID- 13675808
TI  - [Bronchial cancer & pneumothorax; pneumothorax revealing bronchial cancer in a
      woman].

PMID- 13675809
TI  - [Suicides by insulin; an attempted suicide by a massive dose of insulin (700
      units) in a non-diabetic].

PMID- 13675810
TI  - [Pain induced by intravenous alcohol injection in Hodgkin's disease].

PMID- 13675811
TI  - [Effects of the cerebral & local administration of cortisone in the treatment of
      very severe cerebrospinsl meningitis].

PMID- 13675812
TI  - [Treatment of psychogenic impotence].

PMID- 13675813
TI  - [Neurosurgical treatment of incoercible pain of the extremities].

PMID- 13675814
TI  - [Clinical forms of senile osteopathy].

PMID- 13675815
TI  - [Physiopathology and therapy of senile osteopathy].

PMID- 13675816
TI  - [Management of a syndrome of adrenal hypercorticism of metabolic type].

PMID- 13675817
TI  - [Results from a study of 100 cases of gout].

PMID- 13675818
TI  - [Experimental gallbladder dysplasia caused by overloading the bile ducts with
      steroid substances].

PMID- 13675819
TI  - [Severe pulmonary tuberculosis can be treated surgically; possibilities &
      limitations of surgical recourse].

PMID- 13675820
TI  - [Corticotherapy during allergic diseases; therapeutic & biological properties of
      hexadecadrol].

PMID- 13675821
TI  - [Psychotherapy of psychosomatic diseases (general)].

PMID- 13675822
TI  - [Full-time hospital medicine].

PMID- 13675823
TI  - [True sinusitis & false sinusitis].

PMID- 13675824
TI  - [Treatment of trichomonas vaginitis].

PMID- 13675825
TI  - [What are the present-day possibilities of direct surgery in chronic arteritis of
      the leg].

PMID- 13675826
TI  - [A hypotensive diuretic: chlorothiazide].

PMID- 13675827
TI  - [Study of epileptics at work].

PMID- 13675828
TI  - [Geographic distribution of heart diseases in South America].

PMID- 13675829
TI  - [What are the forms of diabetes currently curable].

PMID- 13675830
TI  - [A new non-depressive hypotensive drug: 10-methoxydeserpidine].

PMID- 13675831
TI  - [Premenstrual tension syndrome].

PMID- 13675832
TI  - [Internal environment].

PMID- 13675833
TI  - [Diet in pregnancy].

PMID- 13675834
TI  - [Dermatosis of the lower extremities].

PMID- 13675835
TI  - [Alimentation in gastric diseases].

PMID- 13675836
TI  - [Internal environment].

PMID- 13675837
TI  - [Fever and febricula in children].

PMID- 13675838
TI  - [Studies on physiology and physiopathology of extracorporeal circulation with the
      artificial heart-lung].

PMID- 13675839
TI  - [Fundamental principles of current anti-infection therapy; origin of bacterial
      resistance].

PMID- 13675840
TI  - [Anti-seroid activity of antimycobacterial compounds; action of isoniazid and
      cycloserine].

PMID- 13675841
TI  - [Mixed laryngocele; case report].

PMID- 13675842
TI  - [Experience with dexamethasone in constitutional eczema].

PMID- 13675843
TI  - [Our observations on the use of pyrazole derivatives in gynecology].

PMID- 13675844
TI  - [Clinical experience with intramuscular administration of combined tetracycline
      and chloramphenicol, T + C (IM), during the postoperative period].

PMID- 13675845
TI  - [Three new synthetic steroids (triamcinolone, medrol, hexadecadrol)].

PMID- 13675846
TI  - [New medical therapy of anorexia in neurosurgical patients].

PMID- 13675847
TI  - [Several concepts concerning esophageal hiatal hernias].

PMID- 13675848
TI  - [Virus and pregnancy; management].

PMID- 13675849
TI  - [Antioxygens in biology. I. Introduction to the study of antioxygens].

PMID- 13675850
TI  - [Combined chloramphenicol-tetracycline in patients of plastic surgery].

PMID- 13675851
TI  - [Perineal fistulas caused by osteomyelitis of the coccyx].

PMID- 13675852
TI  - [Current view of several problems of pediatric parisitology].

PMID- 13675853
TI  - [Internal environment].

PMID- 13675854
TI  - [Alimentation in gastric diseases].

PMID- 13675855
TI  - [Man facing his environment: a old age and death; a biopathological review].

PMID- 13675856
TI  - [Appendicitis in pregnancy].

PMID- 13675857
TI  - [Use of a new sulfonamide combination in urology].

PMID- 13675858
TI  - [Study of a case of angioma or hemangioma; current concept of the disease].

PMID- 13675859
TI  - [Effect of meprobamate on experimental chronic alcoholic intoxication;
      histological and histochemical study of the nervous system].

PMID- 13675860
TI  - [Hydrocephalus after subarachnoid hemorrhage].

PMID- 13675861
TI  - [Posterior epidural hematoma (angiographic documentation) associated with left
      temporal laceration; posttraumatic epileptic syndrome with auditory
      hallucinations].

PMID- 13675862
TI  - [EEG changes in epileptics induced by serotonin and iproniazid; possibilities of
      therapeutic use of iproniazid in epileptic syndromes].

PMID- 13675863
TI  - [Effect of meprobamate on reaction time in neurotic subjects].

PMID- 13675864
TI  - [Cardiac changes during progressive muscular dystrophy].

PMID- 13675865
TI  - Controlled trial of the protein value of a maize/pea vegetable mixture for pre
      school children.

PMID- 13675866
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13675867
TI  - The measurement of gastrointestinal blood loss using radio-active chromium.

PMID- 13675868
TI  - A comparison of various methods of estimating mutation rates for the system phase
      I to phase-II Shigella sonnei.

PMID- 13675869
TI  - Fibrocystic disease of the pancreas in the Bantu.

PMID- 13675870
TI  - Antibodies to Far East influenza virus in random human sera in Cape Town.

PMID- 13675871
TI  - Antibiotic-resistant staphylococcal disease: an obstetric, surgical, paediatric
      and hospital administrative problem.

PMID- 13675872
TI  - A simple method for the collection of urine from female infants.

PMID- 13675873
TI  - Mass chemotherapy in bilharzia in Northern Transvaal.

PMID- 13675874
TI  - An acute outbreak of staphylococcal enterotoxin food poisoning.

PMID- 13675875
TI  - The management of the toxaemias of early pregnancy.

PMID- 13675876
TI  - Suction drainage; a useful surgical aid.

PMID- 13675877
TI  - Neutralizing antibodies for certain viruses in the sera of human beings residing
      in Northern Natal.

PMID- 13675878
TI  - A new approach to the treatment of drug addiction.

PMID- 13675880
TI  - The problem of hemorrhage following massive transfusions.

PMID- 13675879
TI  - Experiences in direct arterial surgery at Groote Schuur Hospital.

PMID- 13675881
TI  - Diverticulum of the female urethra: with special reference to diverticular
      carcinoma.

PMID- 13675882
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of injuries to the lumbar intervertebral disk of
      industrial workers.

PMID- 13675883
TI  - Human leptospiral infection due to one of the Leptospira australis A group:
      report of a case in the United States.

PMID- 13675884
TI  - Hemolytic anemia in cirrhosis.

PMID- 13675885
TI  - Acute pulmonary histoplasmosis.

PMID- 13675886
TI  - Intussusception in child and adult; a comparison.

PMID- 13675888
TI  - Limbic tumors.

PMID- 13675887
TI  - Anticholinergic anesthesia.

PMID- 13675889
TI  - Contributions of intraluminal pressure measurements to our understanding of
      esophageal disorders.

PMID- 13675890
TI  - Osteochondritic changes in the head of the femur after reduction of congenital
      dislocation of the hip.

PMID- 13675891
TI  - The hazards of radium accidents.

PMID- 13675892
TI  - Medicolegal aspects of anesthesiology.

PMID- 13675893
TI  - Tympanoplasty Class III in teaching mastoidectomy operations.

PMID- 13675894
TI  - Four years experience with a cobalt unit.

PMID- 13675895
TI  - Further observations on the problems of vesicoureteral reflux.

PMID- 13675896
TI  - Bronchopulmonary moniliasis complicated by peritonitis: evaluation of treatment
      of acute bronchopulmonary moniliasis.

PMID- 13675897
TI  - Quinacrine in the treatment of discoid lupus erythematosus: a five year follow-up
      survey; results and evaluation.

PMID- 13675898
TI  - A note on hydrochlorothiazide as a therapeutic agent.

PMID- 13675899
TI  - Citrated calcium carbimide in the treatment of the alcoholic.

PMID- 13675900
TI  - Pancreatitis: a twelve year review.

PMID- 13675901
TI  - [Uterine hemorrhages associated with anovular cycle (hemorrhagic metropathy)].

PMID- 13675902
TI  - [Causes and prevention of fetal traumatism in labor].

PMID- 13675903
TI  - [Significance of the Rh factor in clinical practice].

PMID- 13675904
TI  - [Hemolytic disease of newborns as a result of incompatibility of maternal and
      fetal blood according to basic groups].

PMID- 13675905
TI  - [Determination of fetal sex by change of morphological composition of maternal
      blood].

PMID- 13675906
TI  - [Pyridoxine therapy of vomiting in pregnancy].

PMID- 13675907
TI  - [Problem of cytological diagnosis of tuberculous endometritis].

PMID- 13675908
TI  - [Microscopic, bacterioscopic and serological studies of the content of
      sactosalpinx].

PMID- 13675909
TI  - [Pulmonary echinococcosis].

PMID- 13675910
TI  - [Diagnostic value of determination of activity of aldolase in Botkin's disease].

PMID- 13675911
TI  - [Phlegmonous involvement of the large intestine in liver cirrhosis].

PMID- 13675912
TI  - [Hypertension in athletes].

PMID- 13675913
TI  - [Vestibular chronaxy in tuberculous meningitis treated with streptomycin].

PMID- 13675914
TI  - [Effect of tuberculostatic preparations on the vitamin C level in pulmonary
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 13675915
TI  - [Hemorrhagic syndrome in patients with Omsk fever].

PMID- 13675916
TI  - [Benign adenoma of the pancreas with hyperinsulinism].

PMID- 13675917
TI  - [Relation of thyreotoxicosis with chronic tonsillitis].

PMID- 13675918
TI  - [Intracutaneous antituberculosis vaccination with BCG vaccine in adults].

PMID- 13675919
TI  - [Obliterating endarteritis from data of the Tumen Regional Hospital].

PMID- 13675920
TI  - [Treatment of certain dermatoses with electrosleep].

PMID- 13675921
TI  - [Primary cancer of the gallbladder].

PMID- 13675922
TI  - [Use of Huddleson reaction with saliva for brucellosis diagnosis].

PMID- 13675923
TI  - [Paraffin-xeroform-oil mixture in tuberculosis therapy].

PMID- 13675924
TI  - [Labor in ankylosis of the sacrococcygeal articulation].

PMID- 13675925
TI  - [Autonomic neuritis after mushroom poisoning].

PMID- 13675926
TI  - [Lichen ruber planus pemphigoides in a patient treated by hypnotic suggestion].

PMID- 13675927
TI  - [Medicine and allied sciences at the world exhibition in Brussels].

PMID- 13675928
TI  - [Organization of anesthesia service in the USSR].

PMID- 13675929
TI  - [Prevention of malaria].

PMID- 13675930
TI  - [Some statistical data on rheumatism].

PMID- 13675931
TI  - [Tasks & role of pediatrics in further reduction of child morbidity & mortality
      in the coming 7 years].

PMID- 13675932
TI  - [Physical development of young rural children in the Moscow area].

PMID- 13675933
TI  - [Result of work of district pediatricans].

PMID- 13675934
TI  - [Results of work of an intestinal infection room of a medical institution].

PMID- 13675935
TI  - [Educational work in children's osteotuberculosis sanatoriums; data from the
      Kiritsi Sanatorium of the Moscow Territorial Department of Health Resorts &
      Sanatoriums of the Ministry of Public Health, USSR].

PMID- 13675936
TI  - [Results of work with active members of the Red Cross Society on maternal & child
      protection].

PMID- 13675937
TI  - [Problems of public health in medical journals of the Union of Central Asian
      Republics; survey].

PMID- 13675938
TI  - [Mortality of children of Tbilisi in the 19th century].

PMID- 13675939
TI  - [Concept of infection & contagiosity in the era of development of feudal Armenia
      in the 11th through 14th centuries].

PMID- 13675940
TI  - [Method of estimation of life tables & determination of life expectancy].

PMID- 13675941
TI  - [Present state of surgical aid tasks of the Soviet surgeons].

PMID- 13675942
TI  - [Practical aspects of planning and construction of therapeutic-prophylactic
      institutions].

PMID- 13675944
TI  - [Hospital furniture].

PMID- 13675943
TI  - [A new hospital standard for hospital elevators].

PMID- 13675945
TI  - [History of hospital development in Azerbaidzhan, 1868-1958].

PMID- 13675946
TI  - [Problems of hygiene in Russian literary-political journals during 1860-1890].

PMID- 13675947
TI  - [Reforms in the Republic of Poland, their trends toward the formation of public
      health and their significance in the right bank of the Ukraine].

PMID- 13675948
TI  - [Radiotherapy in gynecology].

PMID- 13675949
TI  - [Multiple myeloma of the bone; clinical cases].

PMID- 13675950
TI  - [Comatose episodes and auriculo-ventricular dissociation caused by carotid sinus
      reflex hyperexcitability].

PMID- 13675951
TI  - [Comparative study of the effect of vitamin K & K1 on hypoprothrombin in patients
      of liver cirrhosis].

PMID- 13675952
TI  - [A case of leukosarcomatosis].

PMID- 13675953
TI  - [Two cases of septicemia caused by Closteridium perfringens of digestive origin].

PMID- 13675954
TI  - [New forms of jaundice in the first trimester of life].

PMID- 13675955
TI  - [Remote broncho-pulmonary sequlae of tubercular primary infection].

PMID- 13675956
TI  - [Escherichia coli in etiology of dyspepsia; therapeutic results].

PMID- 13675958
TI  - [To Sulo Elomaa on his 50th birthday].

PMID- 13675957
TI  - [Acute cardiac insufficiency in children; its therapy].

PMID- 13675959
TI  - [Reorganization & new regulations for local hospitals].

PMID- 13675960
TI  - Hypnosis as an adjunct to surgical therapy.

PMID- 13675961
TI  - Intestinal obstruction of the distal colon due to malignancy: singlestage
      decompression and resection.

PMID- 13675962
TI  - Reconstruction of the pharynx and upper esophagus.

PMID- 13675963
TI  - Major leg and thigh amputations; ten-year survey of results.

PMID- 13675964
TI  - Intracecal pressure studies in the dog.

PMID- 13675965
TI  - The secretory activity of an isolated, vagally innervated, total gastric pouch in
      man.

PMID- 13675966
TI  - Use of teflon mesh in the repair of musculofascial defects.

PMID- 13675967
TI  - The inhibition of Russell's viper venom by Congo red.

PMID- 13675968
TI  - Origin of fibroblasts in experimental healing wounds: autoradiographic studies
      using tritiated thymidine.

PMID- 13675969
TI  - The effect of isoindoline on survival of rats subjected to acute thermal burn.

PMID- 13675970
TI  - The effect on the kidneys of cross-clamping the abdominal aorta distal to the
      renal arteries.

PMID- 13675971
TI  - A blood flowmeter for extracorporeal surgery.

PMID- 13675972
TI  - The effect of intra-arterial injection of radiopaque contrast media on coronary
      blood flow.

PMID- 13675973
TI  - The effect of induced chronic hypercholesterolemia on canine thoracic aortic
      transplants.

PMID- 13675974
TI  - Transventricular mitral valvotomy.

PMID- 13675975
TI  - A new clamp for gastrointestinal surgery.

PMID- 13675976
TI  - Decompensated small bowel: tube jejunostomy in the surgical treatment of jejunal
      atresia.

PMID- 13675977
TI  - Jejunoileal atresia and stenosis.

PMID- 13675978
TI  - Isolated midline thyroid in the thyroglossal duct.

PMID- 13675979
TI  - Meckel's diverticulum: the abdominal masquerader.

PMID- 13675980
TI  - The responsibility of the doctor of medicine in the training of nursing personnel
      and the governing of nursing care policy in the modern hospital.

PMID- 13675982
TI  - Indications for operation for abdominal trauma.

PMID- 13675981
TI  - End results in the treatment of malignant melanoma; a later report.

PMID- 13675983
TI  - A Vesalian woodcut of the esophagus and stomach.

PMID- 13675984
TI  - The effect of vaccine on cancer patients.

PMID- 13675986
TI  - Management of supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children.

PMID- 13675985
TI  - Effectiveness of treatment of severe ammonia toxicity.

PMID- 13675987
TI  - Surgical management of rapidly expanding intrathoracic pulsating hematomas.

PMID- 13675988
TI  - The effect of trauma and transplanted tissues on the appearance of leukemia in
      mice following treatment with methylcholanthrene.

PMID- 13675989
TI  - Effects of serotonin (5HT) and serotonin precursor (5HTP) on gastric secretion in
      the dog.

PMID- 13675990
TI  - The physiologic response to the ileal bladder.

PMID- 13675991
TI  - The use of Clostridium histolyticum enzymes in the treatment of experimental
      third degree burns.

PMID- 13675992
TI  - Benign neoplastic and nonneoplastic destructive lesions in the long bones of the
      hand.

PMID- 13675993
TI  - A clinicopathologic study of 172 patients with primary carcinoma of the ovary.

PMID- 13675994
TI  - Esophageal replacement and bypass with the asceding and right half of the
      transverse colon for the treatment of congenital atresia of the esophagus.

PMID- 13675995
TI  - The influence of temperature and coronary occlusion on the ventricular
      fibrillation threshold.

PMID- 13675996
TI  - Active immunization against tetanus with intradermal toxoid.

PMID- 13675997
TI  - Preoperative roentgen therapy for cancer of the rectum.

PMID- 13675998
TI  - Esophageal hiatal hernia.

PMID- 13675999
TI  - Treatment of advanced breast cancer with fluoxymesterone (halotestin).

PMID- 13676000
TI  - The inoperability of inflammatory carcinoma of the breast.

PMID- 13676001
TI  - An evaluation of the femoral head prosthesis after ten years of experience.

PMID- 13676002
TI  - The repair of tissue deficient hernias by aortic implants.

PMID- 13676003
TI  - Correction of fistula of Stensen's duct by wire seton.

PMID- 13676004
TI  - Immunology of cancer.

PMID- 13676005
TI  - Twenty-five years' experience with transurethral prostatic resection.

PMID- 13676006
TI  - Potentialities of partial nephrectomy.

PMID- 13676007
TI  - Urinary diversion via an ileal segment.

PMID- 13676008
TI  - The importance of the history and diagnosis in the proper management of
      infections of the urinary tract.

PMID- 13676009
TI  - Present concepts and management of urinary stress incontinence.

PMID- 13676010
TI  - Irradiation cystitis: diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 13676011
TI  - Diverticulum of the female urethra.

PMID- 13676012
TI  - Long-term control of prostatic cancer.

PMID- 13676013
TI  - Management of injuries to the bladder, urethra and genitalia.

PMID- 13676014
TI  - Ureteral ectopy in females.

PMID- 13676015
TI  - Surgical management of cryptorchidism.

PMID- 13676016
TI  - Experiences with 200 hypospadiacs; evolution of a therapeutic plan.

PMID- 13676017
TI  - Acute renal failure; a review of the current concepts of the syndrome and its
      management.

PMID- 13676018
TI  - Diagnosis of urinary-vaginal fistulas.

PMID- 13676019
TI  - The management of carcinoma in situ of the cervix.

PMID- 13676020
TI  - The management of invasive carcinoma of the cervix.

PMID- 13676021
TI  - Involvement of regional lymph nodes in squamous cell epithelioma of the uterine
      cervix.

PMID- 13676022
TI  - The vaginal removal of the cervical stump.

PMID- 13676023
TI  - Endocrine therapy in gynecology.

PMID- 13676024
TI  - Some clinical vagaries of pelvic endometriosis.

PMID- 13676025
TI  - Dyspareunia in older women.

PMID- 13676026
TI  - The menopause: its symptoms and care.

PMID- 13676027
TI  - Therapy of missed abortion.

PMID- 13676028
TI  - The obstetric management of Rh factor complications.

PMID- 13676029
TI  - The treatment of hydatidiform mole.

PMID- 13676030
TI  - Recent advances in ocular microbiology.

PMID- 13676031
TI  - [Control of drug advertising].

PMID- 13676032
TI  - [Are physicians promoters of drug advertising].

PMID- 13676033
TI  - [Drug industry & advertising methods].

PMID- 13676034
TI  - [Pharmacies & information on drugs].

PMID- 13676035
TI  - [Drugs & modern society].

PMID- 13676036
TI  - [Bookkeeping of stock & rational methods of buying].

PMID- 13676037
TI  - [Observations on microbiological analysis of polymyxin in combined antibiotic
      preparations].

PMID- 13676038
TI  - [The Tornea pharmacy under Swedish administration].

PMID- 13676039
TI  - [In memoriam Gosta Hammarberg].

PMID- 13676040
TI  - [Atomic-biological-chemical warfare & children].

PMID- 13676041
TI  - [Correlation of arteriosclerosis with age, sex, nutritional state, heart weight,
      diabetes, cholelithiasis, tuberculosis & malignant tumors].

PMID- 13676042
TI  - [Can we treat this with sulfa drugs? A problem of the practitioner with special
      reference to a new sulfonamide preparation].

PMID- 13676043
TI  - [Hirudoid treatment of thrombophlebitis caused by cardiac catheterization].

PMID- 13676044
TI  - [Corticoid therapy in connection with surgery].

PMID- 13676045
TI  - [A new method for the treatment of prostatitis].

PMID- 13676046
TI  - [Smoking & lung cancer].

PMID- 13676047
TI  - [Trials with a new barbiturate in the control of epilepsy].

PMID- 13676048
TI  - [Nurses & shorter work week].

PMID- 13676049
TI  - [Clinical efficacy of the growth hormone].

PMID- 13676050
TI  - [Otitis, peritonsillitis & antibiotics].

PMID- 13676051
TI  - [The first polyclinics for breaking the smoking habit].

PMID- 13676052
TI  - [Economic aspects of the 1957-58 influenza epidemic in Sweden].

PMID- 13676053
TI  - [Eczema].

PMID- 13676054
TI  - [Public health education; an inquiry concerning training & education in the field
      of social medicine].

PMID- 13676055
TI  - [Corneal complications of chloroquine treatment; preliminary report].

PMID- 13676056
TI  - [Iodine-containing preparations; a source of error in iodine tracer tests &
      protein-bound iodine determination in blood].

PMID- 13676057
TI  - [Second experiment in breaking the smoking habit by means of injection therapy].

PMID- 13676058
TI  - [Effects & side-effects of glucocorticoid therapy of rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 13676059
TI  - [A case of salt-deficiency cramp].

PMID- 13676060
TI  - [Value of soap in reduction of spread of infection].

PMID- 13676061
TI  - [Experiments with nicotine, lobeline & placebo].

PMID- 13676062
TI  - [How to understand the rational organization of our hospital laboratories].

PMID- 13676063
TI  - [Use of electric blankets in a premature infant service].

PMID- 13676064
TI  - [Petr Ivanovich Egorov; 60th anniversary of his birth].

PMID- 13676065
TI  - [Diagnostic and therapeutic methods in nephritis].

PMID- 13676066
TI  - [Current problems of kidney physiology].

PMID- 13676067
TI  - [Therapy of nephritis with Rauwolfia alkaloids].

PMID- 13676068
TI  - [Significance of urinary volume in kidney function tests].

PMID- 13676069
TI  - [Metabolic role of the lungs].

PMID- 13676070
TI  - [Retrosternal novocaine anesthesia in the treatment of myocardial infarct in
      acute stages].

PMID- 13676071
TI  - [Diaphragmatic function tests in cardio-pulmonary insufficiency; anatomo
      roentgenological parallel findings. II].

PMID- 13676072
TI  - [Fatal outcome of seizures of bronchial asthma].

PMID- 13676073
TI  - [Effect of qualitative food variations on gastric digestion in normal human
      subjects].

PMID- 13676074
TI  - [Gastroscopic color photography].

PMID- 13676075
TI  - [Mikhail Georgievich Kurlov as an outstanding representative of the Russian
      school of therapeutics; 100th anniversary of his birth].

PMID- 13676076
TI  - [Therapy of arrythmia].

PMID- 13676077
TI  - [Does castaneum extract influence thrombophlebitis].

PMID- 13676079
TI  - [The current status of local sulfonamide therapy].

PMID- 13676078
TI  - [Contributions to the therapy of hyperemesis gravidarum].

PMID- 13676080
TI  - [Results of clinical trials with algan-sulgan preparations in proctology].

PMID- 13676081
TI  - [Hypercalcemia in children].

PMID- 13676082
TI  - [Malformations in children as sequels of treatment of maternal thyroid
      disorders].

PMID- 13676083
TI  - [Pharmacology & clinical aspects of scilla glycosides].

PMID- 13676084
TI  - [Experiences with a digitoxin-heart extract preparation].

PMID- 13676085
TI  - [Convallaria glycosides in arrhythmia].

PMID- 13676086
TI  - [Experiences with dominal forte in internal medicine].

PMID- 13676087
TI  - [Conservative hemostasis in gynecology & obstetrics].

PMID- 13676088
TI  - [Spontaneous elimination of a big juxtavesical ureteral stone of unusual shape].

PMID- 13676089
TI  - [Clinical comparison of a new antitussive substance (peracon) with codeine &
      dicodide].

PMID- 13676090
TI  - [New possibilities of postoperative analgesia].

PMID- 13676091
TI  - [History of the intravenous injection].

PMID- 13676092
TI  - [The treatment of peripheral circulation disorders & leg ulcers with
      placentaserol].

PMID- 13676093
TI  - [Nicotinic acid therapy of anuric disorders in acute & chronic renal
      insufficiency].

PMID- 13676094
TI  - [Experiences with the use of radiogold in gynecology].

PMID- 13676095
TI  - [A new therapy of bacterial & trichomonal leukorrheas].

PMID- 13676096
TI  - [Pathophysiological bases of therapeutic control of collateral arterial
      circulation].

PMID- 13676097
TI  - [Therapy of peripheral arterial circulation disorders].

PMID- 13676099
TI  - [The value of a rapidly acting anticoagulant in cardiovascular diseases].

PMID- 13676098
TI  - [Experiences with vasculat therapy of circulation disorders caused by protracted
      rest].

PMID- 13676100
TI  - [Results of treatment of malignant tumors with N-mustard gas-phosphamide ester
      (endoxan)].

PMID- 13676101
TI  - [Salhumin bath in orthopedics].

PMID- 13676102
TI  - [A remarkable therapeutic success in thallium poisoning].

PMID- 13676103
TI  - [Arnica montana as a medicinal plant].

PMID- 13676104
TI  - [Elastol in chronic polyarthritis].

PMID- 13676105
TI  - [Phantom pregnancy & the phantom of pregnancy].

PMID- 13676106
TI  - [Tuberculous endometritis as a cause of amenorrhea].

PMID- 13676107
TI  - [Difficulties in separating the head last caused by myoma of the posterior face].

PMID- 13676108
TI  - [Postoperative treatment of infected perineorrhaphy: results obtained with
      combined prednisolone & antibiotics].

PMID- 13676109
TI  - [Clinical anecdotes in human sexual trichomoniasis].

PMID- 13676110
TI  - [The work of the medical profession in Norway & particularly of the gynecological
      speciality].

PMID- 13676111
TI  - Gynecological surgery in the adolescent; a preliminary study.

PMID- 13676112
TI  - Urinary complications of gynecological surgery.

PMID- 13676113
TI  - Complications following radium therapy for carcinoma of the cervix.

PMID- 13676114
TI  - Postpartum inversion of a unicornate uterus; report of a case.

PMID- 13676115
TI  - Maternal mortality in Rhode Island.

PMID- 13676116
TI  - Placenta previa at the Providence Lying-In Hospital; twelve-year review, 1946
      1957.

PMID- 13676118
TI  - Problems in diabetic pregnancy.

PMID- 13676117
TI  - Hydatidiform mole.

PMID- 13676119
TI  - New concepts in obstetrical analgesia.

PMID- 13676120
TI  - A clinical evaluation of 225 patients receiving predelivery sedation with
      promazine.

PMID- 13676121
TI  - Obstetrical anesthesia.

PMID- 13676122
TI  - Viral infections in pregnancy.

PMID- 13676124
TI  - Bacterial infections in the newborn.

PMID- 13676123
TI  - Sepsis and the pregnant patient.

PMID- 13676125
TI  - Uses, limitations and contraindications of antibiotics.

PMID- 13676126
TI  - Regional lymphonodectomy as an adjunct to radiation therapy of carcinoma of the
      cervix; a preliminary report.

PMID- 13676127
TI  - The vaginal approach to pelvic pathology in the obstetrical and gynecological
      patient.

PMID- 13676128
TI  - The vascularization and cellular response induced by homogenous deproteinized
      bone transplants in the anterior chamber of the rat eye.

PMID- 13676129
TI  - Limitations of whole-body irradiation for inducing acceptance of homografts in
      cases involving a genetic defect.

PMID- 13676130
TI  - Studies on cross circulation in rabbits with second-set skin homografts.

PMID- 13676131
TI  - In vivo tolerance of canine kidneys to glycerol perfusion.

PMID- 13676132
TI  - Tissue culture studies of the stored corneal graft.

PMID- 13676133
TI  - Heterologous transplantation of a mouse leukemia in the rat.

PMID- 13676134
TI  - Bibliography of tumor transplantation. Addendum No. 3.

PMID- 13676135
TI  - [Friedrich Kreuser on his 70th birthday].

PMID- 13676136
TI  - [Type differentiation of tuberculosis bacteria with the aid of the nicotinamidase
      test].

PMID- 13676137
TI  - [Lepromin sensitivity in various forms of pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13676138
TI  - [Incidence and infectivity of tuberculoma].

PMID- 13676139
TI  - [Tuberculous diseases in BCG vaccinated children; observations on 56 sanatorium
      cases].

PMID- 13676140
TI  - [Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in repatriates].

PMID- 13676141
TI  - [Treatment of tuberculous coxitis in childhood].

PMID- 13676142
TI  - [Spondylarthritis ankylopoietica and spondylitis tuberculosa, an unusual
      combination].

PMID- 13676143
TI  - [The life-shortening effect of ionizing radiations; a survey of the literature].

PMID- 13676144
TI  - [Neurogenic tumors of the mediastinum].

PMID- 13676145
TI  - [Lymphoreticular sarcomas of the stomach; critical review and analysis of 16
      personal cases].

PMID- 13676147
TI  - [Relations between neoplasms of the larynx and ABO blood groups].

PMID- 13676146
TI  - [Morbidity and mortality of total abdominal hysterectomy and remote results in
      patients operated on for nonmalignant diseases of the uterus].

PMID- 13676148
TI  - [Difficulty of the clinical differential diagnosis between fibroadenoma and
      cancer of the prostate; critical analysis of diagnostic means and their
      therapeutic considerations].

PMID- 13676149
TI  - [Antiproliferative action of podophyllins; experimental research with
      podophyllotoxin on hemopoietic cells of chick embryo].

PMID- 13676150
TI  - [Stability of urinary beta-glucuronidase during collection of urine and daily
      elimination curve in malignant tumors of the bladder].

PMID- 13676151
TI  - [Increase of activity of urinary beta-glucuronidase in benzidine workers; first
      clinical contribution to the study of the correlation between enzymatic activity
      and bladder carcinogenesis].

PMID- 13676152
TI  - [Fixed field telecobalt therapy; presentation of a treatment plan].

PMID- 13676153
TI  - [Moving field telecobalt therapy; presentation of a treatment plan].

PMID- 13676154
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13676155
TI  - [Fatal polyarteritis in rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 13676156
TI  - [Standardization of lumbar puncture].

PMID- 13676157
TI  - [Treatment of hydrocephalus with Spitz-Holters valve; preliminary report].

PMID- 13676159
TI  - [War surgery].

PMID- 13676158
TI  - [Ambulant treatment of alcoholics].

PMID- 13676160
TI  - [Neurosurgery].

PMID- 13676161
TI  - [Neuropathology; cases treated at the State Hospital's neurosurgical department
      from 1 June 1934 to 1 April 1959].

PMID- 13676162
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13676163
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13676164
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13676165
TI  - [Anesthesia in neurosurgery].

PMID- 13676166
TI  - [Treatment preceding the transport & transport of patients with intracranial
      trauma].

PMID- 13676167
TI  - [Electroencephalography in acute traumatic brain disorders; its diagnostic &
      prognostic value].

PMID- 13676168
TI  - [Chronic traumatic brain disorders].

PMID- 13676169
TI  - [Initial symptoms of space-filling intracranial processes].

PMID- 13676170
TI  - [Apoplexy: neurosurgical aspects].

PMID- 13676171
TI  - [Subarachnoid hemorrhage].

PMID- 13676172
TI  - [Maoformations in the central nervous system of children].

PMID- 13676173
TI  - [Neurosurgical treatment of parkinsonism & other types of hyperkinesia].

PMID- 13676174
TI  - [Surgery in pain].

PMID- 13676175
TI  - [Lumbar disk prolapse].

PMID- 13676176
TI  - [Cauda equina syndrome with disk prolapse].

PMID- 13676178
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13676177
TI  - [Traumatic lesions of the peripheral nerves; examination & sutural technic].

PMID- 13676179
TI  - [Surgery of the symphathetic nerve].

PMID- 13676181
TI  - [Medicinal treatment of parkinsonism].

PMID- 13676182
TI  - [Brocadisipal in the treatment of parkinsonism].

PMID- 13676180
TI  - [Perinatal mortality; current problems & possibilities].

PMID- 13676183
TI  - [Bedside treatment of patients with coronary thrombosis with anticoagulants].

PMID- 13676184
TI  - [Treatment of angina pectoris with rontyl; preliminary report].

PMID- 13676185
TI  - [Acoustic impairment caused by streptoduocin].

PMID- 13676186
TI  - [Chloramine poisoning].

PMID- 13676187
TI  - [Practice without hypnotics].

PMID- 13676188
TI  - [Use & abuse of phenacetin in Denmark].

PMID- 13676189
TI  - [Fluoridation of the water supply; facts & comments].

PMID- 13676190
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13676191
TI  - [Neurological syndromes associated with cancer].

PMID- 13676192
TI  - [Training of medical specialists in Denmark].

PMID- 13676193
TI  - [The instrumentarium of the medical practitioner].

PMID- 13676194
TI  - [Treatment of endogenous depressions with tofranil].

PMID- 13676195
TI  - [Therapeutic abortion with sterilized cremor saponis; report on 650 cases].

PMID- 13676196
TI  - [Hemolysis & blood coagulation disorders as complications of intra-uterine soap
      infusion].

PMID- 13676198
TI  - [Report concerning radioactive fallout over Scandinavia].

PMID- 13676197
TI  - [Lung complications in connection with intrauterine soap infusion].

PMID- 13676199
TI  - [Survey of measurements of radioactive fallout in Denmark].

PMID- 13676200
TI  - [Cryptococcosis; torulosis or European blastomycosis; a survey].

PMID- 13676201
TI  - [Esophageal moniliasis treated with amphotericin B].

PMID- 13676202
TI  - [Report on a case of cryptococcosis (torulosis)].

PMID- 13676203
TI  - [Cryptococcal meningitis treated with amphotericin B; report of a case in a
      patient with histologically confirmed Boeck's sarcoidosis].

PMID- 13676204
TI  - Not Available.

PMID- 13676205
TI  - [Fluorographic studies in diagnosis of lung cancer].

PMID- 13676206
TI  - [Decline in the incidence of open pulmonary tuberculosis; retrospective survey of
      the work of a tuberculosis center since its inauguration in 1944].

PMID- 13676207
TI  - [Atomic age; atomic medicine].

PMID- 13676208
TI  - [Benign osteoblastosis (osteogenic fibroma of the bone; giant osteoid osteoma)].

PMID- 13676209
TI  - [Meningitis caused by Listeria monocytogenes in the newborn].

PMID- 13676210
TI  - [Acute poisoning by stemetil].

PMID- 13676211
TI  - [Direct and indirect antibiogram].

PMID- 13676212
TI  - [Is cancer a collagen disease attributable to vitamin C deficiency].

PMID- 13676213
TI  - [The magnesium].

PMID- 13676214
TI  - [Home rehabilitation].

PMID- 13676215
TI  - [Observations on a current conflict under analysis].

PMID- 13676216
TI  - [Progress of French psychiatry. VI. Psychoanalysis and language: Jacques Lacan].

PMID- 13676217
TI  - [Allergic contact dermatitis].

PMID- 13676218
TI  - [Cancer of the cervix].

PMID- 13676219
TI  - Dr. Frank Hartsuff Bethell; 1903-1959.

PMID- 13676220
TI  - The spread of malignant cells: a review.

PMID- 13676221
TI  - Hormonal therapy of cancer.

PMID- 13676222
TI  - Bioassay and chromatographic methods of urinary estrogen determination in mammary
      cancer patients: their application to ablative therapy.

PMID- 13676223
TI  - Cottonseed allergy.

PMID- 13676224
TI  - An American student's impression of medical education and practice in England.

PMID- 13676225
TI  - [Current status of the theory of chemical transmission of stimuli].

PMID- 13676226
TI  - [Chitin and its transformation in natural processes; formation of melanoidins].

PMID- 13676227
TI  - [Depedence of the electrolytic composition of blood and tissue on metabolism].

PMID- 13676228
TI  - [Current concepts of the biosynthesis of cyclic amino acid in microorganisms and
      plants].

PMID- 13676229
TI  - [Hemoglobin as a factor in adaptation to hypoxia].

PMID- 13676230
TI  - [Chemistry of ACTH and the mechanism of its secretion regulation].

PMID- 13676231
TI  - [Interrelation between respiration and photosynthesis].

PMID- 13676232
TI  - [Cytochemistry of leukocytes].

PMID- 13676233
TI  - [Most recent experimental data on the etiology of leukemia].

PMID- 13676234
TI  - [Reduction of working hours in hospitals].

PMID- 13676235
TI  - [The nurse's aid, a welcome child of VESKA; introductory course for participants
      in courses for nurses' aids].

PMID- 13676236
TI  - [Opening of a school for psychiatric nurses].

PMID- 13676237
TI  - [The new automobile for photofluorographic service of the canton of Zurich].

PMID- 13676238
TI  - [Action of sympathectomy, cortisone, adrenal cortex hormone, gamma globulin,
      largactil and phenergan in experimental staphylococcal sensitization].

PMID- 13676239
TI  - [Effectiveness of various methods of antistaphylococcal immunization in
      experiment].

PMID- 13676240
TI  - [Significance of nonspecific sensitization in development of experimental
      staphyloderma].

PMID- 13676241
TI  - [Epidemiology and clinical picture of skin diseases caused by the bites of
      chicken ticks].

PMID- 13676242
TI  - [Treatment of eczema and neurodermatitis with electric sleep].

PMID- 13676243
TI  - [Clinical forms of superficial trichophytosis in children and adults].

PMID- 13676244
TI  - [Disseminated chronic deep trichophytosis].

PMID- 13676245
TI  - [Pyro-penicillin therapy of chronic trichophytosis in adults].

PMID- 13676246
TI  - [Changes of the peripheral nervous system of the skin in microsporosis].

PMID- 13676247
TI  - [Role of mycoses of the foot in the pathogenesis of recurrent erysipelas of the
      shin].

PMID- 13676248
TI  - [Preliminary results of dispensary treatment of epidermophytosis of the foot].

PMID- 13676249
TI  - [Incidence of epidermophytosis from data of the dermatological room of the
      Kemerov coke chemical plant].

PMID- 13676250
TI  - [Disinfection of shoes of patients with mycosis of the feet].

PMID- 13676251
TI  - [Treatment of onychomycosis of the hand caused by Epidermophyton Rubrum].

PMID- 13676252
TI  - [Result of fungus disease prevention in the Upper Lyubazhsky region of the Kursk
      region].

PMID- 13676253
TI  - [Data on fungal flora of the Bashkir ASSR for 9 years (1947-1955) and some data
      on control of microsporosis caused by Microsporum lanosum].

PMID- 13676254
TI  - [Dynamics of dermatophytes in the Vladimir region].

PMID- 13676255
TI  - [Leukocyte formula in blister fluid in certain dermatoses].

PMID- 13676256
TI  - [Novocillin and ekmonovocillin in therapy of experimental syphilis].

PMID- 13676257
TI  - [Treatment of seroresistant patients with penicillin and artificial fever].

PMID- 13676258
TI  - [Effect of antibiotics on gonococci in clinical practice and in experiment].

PMID- 13676259
TI  - [Problem of trichomoniasis in women].

PMID- 13676260
TI  - [Aural vertigo].

PMID- 13676261
TI  - [Electromyographic study of speech as a means of study of the functional state of
      auditory analysors].

PMID- 13676262
TI  - [Audiometry in disorders of the auditory apparatus].

PMID- 13676263
TI  - [Use of dibazol in study of certain clinical questions of otosclerosis].

PMID- 13676264
TI  - [Technic of surgical treatment in microtomy and congenital atresia of the
      external and middle ear].

PMID- 13676265
TI  - [Functional surgery of the ear].

PMID- 13676266
TI  - [Perspective plan of development of otorhinolaryngological service in the USSR
      for 1959-65].

PMID- 13676267
TI  - [Conservative treatment of chronic suppurative mesotympanitis in rural
      conditions].

PMID- 13676268
TI  - [Morphological changes of the malleus and incus in chronic suppurative otitis
      media].

PMID- 13676269
TI  - [Otogenic abscesses of the brain].

PMID- 13676270
TI  - [Ossification of the concha auriculae].

PMID- 13676271
TI  - [Morphology of the peripheral end of the gustatory analysor in tumors of the
      acoustic nerve].

PMID- 13676272
TI  - [Method of study of the venous system of the head and neck].

PMID- 13676273
TI  - [Bacteriological diagnosis of Perez bacilli and related bacteria in
      otorhinolaryngology].

PMID- 13676274
TI  - [Effect of phthalic anhydride powder on the mucous membranes of the upper
      respiratory tract].

PMID- 13676275
TI  - [Use of dimedrol for local anesthesia in certain operations in rhinology].

PMID- 13676276
TI  - [Study of function of the olfactory analysor with aid of the method of
      conditioned salivary reflexes].

PMID- 13676277
TI  - [Method of surgical correction of deformity of the alae nasi after surgery in
      congenital harelip].

PMID- 13676278
TI  - [Eosinophilic granuloma of the cranial bones].

PMID- 13676279
TI  - [Two cases of immobility of the malleus in otosclerosis].

PMID- 13676280
TI  - [Hemorrhage from the ear in chronic suppurative inflammation with
      parapharyngitis].

PMID- 13676281
TI  - [Unusual etiology of perichondritis of the pinna].

PMID- 13676282
TI  - [Plastic surgery of the nose with a split skin flap after removal of rhinophyma].

PMID- 13676283
TI  - [Case reports of congenital defects of the nasopharyngeal vault].

PMID- 13676284
TI  - [Hypertrophy of the lingual tonsil].

PMID- 13676285
TI  - [Lipoma of the larynx originating from the true vocal cord].

PMID- 13676287
TI  - [Professor Miron Grigor'evich Dodin on his 90th birthday].

PMID- 13676286
TI  - [Perforation of the common carotid artery by a grain of Agropyrum].

PMID- 13676288
TI  - [Professor Vladimir Gertsevich Ginzburg on his 60th birthday].

PMID- 13676289
TI  - [Professor Nikolai Aleksandrovich Pautov in memoriam].

PMID- 13676290
TI  - [Boris Vasil'evich Tolokonnikov in memoriam].

PMID- 13676291
TI  - [Symptom of expiratory emphysema in bronchogenic cancer of the lungs].

PMID- 13676292
TI  - [X-ray findings in staphylococcal pneumonias in infants].

PMID- 13676293
TI  - [Features of dynamics of x-ray changes in the lungs in the influenza epidemic of
      autumn 1957].

PMID- 13676294
TI  - [Biphasic roentgenogram as a method of study of lung function].

PMID- 13676295
TI  - [Possibility of mass studies of the function of external respiration by x-ray
      examination].

PMID- 13676296
TI  - [Limitations in determination of vascular details in roentgenoscopy,
      roentgenography and fluorography of the thorax].

PMID- 13676297
TI  - [Benign chondroblastoma of the bone; review of the literature].

PMID- 13676298
TI  - [Telegamma therapy of generalized lymphogranulomatosis].

PMID- 13676299
TI  - [Rectal complications in treatment of cancer of the cervix with radiation
      energy].

PMID- 13676300
TI  - [Combined treatment of radiation sickness in hemorrhage].

PMID- 13676301
TI  - [Current problems of dosimetry in radiotherapy].

PMID- 13676302
TI  - [Centering device in radiotherapy of intrathoracic tumors].

PMID- 13676303
TI  - [Protective devices for storage of sealed radioactive substances].

PMID- 13676304
TI  - [Case of movable liver, interposition of the small intestine and anomalies of
      development of intestines of the mesentering ileo-colicum commune type].

PMID- 13676305
TI  - [Acute xanthomatosis in a child one year and two months of age].

PMID- 13676306
TI  - [X-ray changes in diffuse hemangioma of the extremities].

PMID- 13676307
TI  - [X-ray symptoms of meniscus injury of the knee joint in contrast arthrography].

PMID- 13676308
TI  - [Efficacy of roentgen epilation on the URT-100 x-ray unit].

PMID- 13676309
TI  - [Treatment of periarticular epidermo-hypertrophic nevus].

PMID- 13676310
TI  - [X-ray therapy of pain syndrome in acute iritis and iridocyclitis].

PMID- 13676311
TI  - [The work of the dentists in an extraordinary course of instruction of the
      Military Medical Institutes from 21 to 28 September 1957].

PMID- 13676312
TI  - [Metaldehyde poisoning on a bivouac].

PMID- 13676313
TI  - [Thoughts on the use of naval hospitals].

PMID- 13676314
TI  - [Psychopathological remarks on a group of officers of the Italian army interned
      as prisoners of war in Algeria].

PMID- 13676315
TI  - Mephenesin carbamate in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 13676316
TI  - The first fifty years.

PMID- 13676317
TI  - Significance of paralysis of recurrent laryngeal nerves with particular reference
      to patients in whom the etiology was presumably of inflammatory origin; report of
      fourteen cases.

PMID- 13676318
TI  - Aureomycin, chloramphenicol and hydrocortisone in ointments and pastes as a
      treatment for eczema.

PMID- 13676319
TI  - Coxsackie B-5 infections.

PMID- 13676320
TI  - Cancer of the esophagus; the case for wider resections.

PMID- 13676321
TI  - Altered brain function and hyaline membrane formation.

PMID- 13676322
TI  - Argentaffinoma (carcinoid) of the stomach; report of a case.

PMID- 13676323
TI  - X-ray therapy of sinusitis.

PMID- 13676324
TI  - Torsion of a normal fallopian tube complicating pregnancy; a case report.

PMID- 13676325
TI  - Typhoid carriers.

PMID- 13676326
TI  - Present status of mental hygiene clinics in Virginia and some possible future
      trends.

PMID- 13676327
TI  - Studying the growth of personality; a discussion of the uses of psychological
      data obtained in a longitudinal study of child development.

PMID- 13676328
TI  - Adjustment to old age in industry.

PMID- 13676329
TI  - [Investigation on Negro-hybrid children in West Germany].

PMID- 13676330
TI  - [A plea for further improvements of medical military equipment].

PMID- 13676331
TI  - [Medicomilitary terminology].

PMID- 13676332
TI  - [Special training of medical personnel and instructors for night work].

PMID- 13676333
TI  - [Changes in preserved blood during conservation and transportation on ships].

PMID- 13676334
TI  - [Fitness for submarine duty in malocclusion].

PMID- 13676335
TI  - [Changes of functional retinal lability in cold exposure].

PMID- 13676336
TI  - [Medical control during catapult training].

PMID- 13676337
TI  - [Change of blood oxygen at high altitudes and their relation to the effectiveness
      of space suit].

PMID- 13676338
TI  - [Effect of thin athmosphere on color sensitivity in various states of color
      vision].

PMID- 13676339
TI  - [Certain aspects of aviation medicine abroad].

PMID- 13676340
TI  - [Recognition and medico-military expert evaluation of closed cerebral wounds].

PMID- 13676342
TI  - [A method of exclusion of hearing in expert examination].

PMID- 13676341
TI  - [Errors in medico-military otolaryngological expert examination].

PMID- 13676343
TI  - [Principles of medico-military expert examination in latent forms of pulmonary
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 13676344
TI  - [Role of gastroscopy in medico-military detection of stomach diseases].

PMID- 13676345
TI  - [Cutaneous autoplasty in thermal burns].

PMID- 13676346
TI  - [Changes of the microflora of burned areas].

PMID- 13676347
TI  - [Resorptive properties of burn wounds].

PMID- 13676348
TI  - [Hypochromic anemia following burns].

PMID- 13676349
TI  - [Nature of disorders of gastric secretion mechanisms].

PMID- 13676350
TI  - [Significance of certain methods of investigation in diagnosis of chronic
      gastritis].

PMID- 13676351
TI  - [Effectiveness of hygienic washing as a method of skin surface disinfection].

PMID- 13676352
TI  - [Studies on bacteriological air pollution in living quarters of the closed type].

PMID- 13676353
TI  - [Use of radio-electronic methods in medicine].

PMID- 13676354
TI  - [New cold-light surgical mirror].

PMID- 13676356
TI  - [Field operating table].

PMID- 13676355
TI  - [Speculum-illuminator for the surgical field].

PMID- 13676357
TI  - [Adapter for the Zeiss apparatus for filtration of water samples].

PMID- 13676358
TI  - [Improvement of work of military sanatoria and rest homes].

PMID- 13676359
TI  - [Certain concepts and terms of military field surgery].

PMID- 13676360
TI  - [Problem of bandaging wounds at regimental medical stations].

PMID- 13676361
TI  - [Method of disposal of medical documents at mobile medical stations].

PMID- 13676362
TI  - [Graphic description of utilization of sanitary transportation].

PMID- 13676363
TI  - [Result of estimation of number of litter bearers for evacuation of wounded].

PMID- 13676364
TI  - [Features of physical thermoregulation of an individual member of the navy in the
      polar region].

PMID- 13676365
TI  - [New experimental data on protection of the ear from noise by diesel engines].

PMID- 13676366
TI  - [Causes, mechanisms and prevention of high altitude syncope].

PMID- 13676367
TI  - [Effective normal of excessive pressure of oxygen under the mask at high
      altitudes].

PMID- 13676368
TI  - [Atelectasis after inspiration of oxygen under high pressure at great heights].

PMID- 13676369
TI  - [Classification of hysterias].

PMID- 13676370
TI  - [Problem of antishock fluids].

PMID- 13676371
TI  - [The plasma substitute polyglucin].

PMID- 13676372
TI  - [Study of the physiological function of the human during climatotherapy on the
      southern coast of Crimea].

PMID- 13676373
TI  - [Balneo-climatotherapy of hypertension at the Sochi-Matsesta health resort].

PMID- 13676374
TI  - [Bed for aerosol therapy].

PMID- 13676375
TI  - [Result of evaluation of immunogenesis during various methods of treatment of
      dysentery].

PMID- 13676376
TI  - [Rapid discovery of the causative agent of certain diseases by the method of
      fluorescent antibodies].

PMID- 13676377
TI  - [Cybernetics and problems of administration of medical service].

PMID- 13676378
TI  - [Use of electronic calculating machines in medicine].

PMID- 13676379
TI  - [Canopy for mosquito protection].

PMID- 13676380
TI  - [Modified cryptoscope for x-ray studies].

PMID- 13676381
TI  - [Utilization of the system of pneumatic drive of automobile brakes for aspiration
      of air through a bacteria collecting device].

PMID- 13676382
TI  - [Electrophoretic studies on phospholipase C].

PMID- 13676383
TI  - [Certain data on cortical regulation of nitrogen metabolism].

PMID- 13676384
TI  - [Antitoxic function of the liver in acute radiation sickness].

PMID- 13676385
TI  - [Changes of uterine contractile proteins in pregnancy].

PMID- 13676386
TI  - [Leukocyte metabolism during preservation].

PMID- 13676387
TI  - [Isolation of properdin and certain data on its chemistry].

PMID- 13676388
TI  - [Kynureninase liver activity in tumor-bearing animals].

PMID- 13676389
TI  - [Studies on transamination reaction between 2,6-diaminopimelic acid and alpha
      ketoglutaric & oxalacetic acids in Escherichia coli preparations].

PMID- 13676390
TI  - [Lipid-protein complexes in Shigella].

PMID- 13676391
TI  - [Electrophoretic and immunochemical investigations on proteins in the kidney,
      blood serum and urine in experimental nephritis].

PMID- 13676392
TI  - [Preparation of radioiodine-labeled allergens from Brucella and studies on their
      fate in the animal organism].

PMID- 13676393
TI  - [Certain observations on radiogold therapy of inoperable cerebral tumors].

PMID- 13676394
TI  - [Arterial pressure in the cerebral cortex in hypotension induced by ganglion
      blocking agents].

PMID- 13676395
TI  - [Certain characteristics of regeneration of the cranial osseous tissue. I. Bones
      of the cranial vault].

PMID- 13676396
TI  - [Remote results of homoplastic repair of cranial vault defects with cadaveric
      costal cartilage; experimental and clinical studies].

PMID- 13676397
TI  - [Primary plastic repair of defects of the dura mater and bones in open fractures
      of the cranial vault].

PMID- 13676398
TI  - [Digital impressions of the cranium].

PMID- 13676399
TI  - [Patho-anatomical characteristics of orbito-naso-frontocerebral region wounds].

PMID- 13676400
TI  - [Surgical therapy of facial paralysis in fractures of the temporal bone].

PMID- 13676401
TI  - [Surgical therapy of inflammatory occlusions of the posterior cranial fossa].

PMID- 13676402
TI  - [Cholesteatomas in the region of the cauda equina following tuberculous
      meningitis in children].

PMID- 13676403
TI  - [Surgical therapy of spinal tuberculous arachnitis].

PMID- 13676404
TI  - [Clinical and surgical aspects of certain sequelae of tuberculous meningitis].

PMID- 13676405
TI  - [Surgical therapy of spondylitis complicated by paraplegia].

PMID- 13676406
TI  - [Successful removal of a migrating foreign body from the brain].

PMID- 13676407
TI  - [Status epilepticus in laminectomy].

PMID- 13676408
TI  - [Surgical anatomy of the cavern ous sinus in advanced cancers of the pituitary
      and sellar region].

PMID- 13676410
TI  - [Rational methods of surgical interventions on the dura mater].

PMID- 13676409
TI  - [Data on the innervation of the dura mater sinuses; neurohistological and
      experimental studies].

PMID- 13676411
TI  - [Anatomical and clinical characteristics of dislocation quadrigemino
      mesencephalic syndrome in tumors of the posterior cranial fossa].

PMID- 13676412
TI  - [Electroencephalographic changes in non-severe and moderately-severe
      cerebrocranial closed injuries].

PMID- 13676413
TI  - [Dynamics of cerebrospinal fluid composition in closed cerebrocranial injuries
      associated with blood in the cerebrospinal fluid].

PMID- 13676414
TI  - [Blood pressure in cerebral concussion].

PMID- 13676415
TI  - [Dynamic changes of the cerebrospinal fluid in closed cerebrocranial injuries].

PMID- 13676416
TI  - [Pathogenesis of endocrinometabolic disorders in periventricular encephalitis].

PMID- 13676417
TI  - [Melanomas of the nervous system].

PMID- 13676418
TI  - [Traumatic pneumoencephalos].

PMID- 13676419
TI  - [Case of electromagnetic extraction of intracerebral nail].

PMID- 13676420
TI  - [Tumors of the peripheral nerve trunks].

PMID- 13676421
TI  - [Study of the effects of blood serum & extracts from leukocytes of leukemia
      patients on tissue cultures].

PMID- 13676422
TI  - [Effects of blood serum & leukocyte extract of leukemia patients on human
      leukocyte culture].

PMID- 13676423
TI  - [Effects of blood serum & extracts of leukocytes of leukemia patients on tissue
      cultures of human lymph nodes].

PMID- 13676424
TI  - [Effects of blood serum & human leukocyte extract of leukemia patients on
      endothelium in tissue culture].

PMID- 13676425
TI  - [Blastomogenic activity of cerium 144].

PMID- 13676426
TI  - [Osteogenic sarcoma induced by strontium(90) in dogs].

PMID- 13676427
TI  - [Drugs influencing the antitumoral effect of ethylenimine derivatives in
      experiments on animal].

PMID- 13676428
TI  - [Diagnostic significance of erythrocyte diameter change in cancerous new
      growths].

PMID- 13676429
TI  - [Treatment of lower lip cancer metastases].

PMID- 13676430
TI  - [Treatment of cancer of the prostate].

PMID- 13676431
TI  - [Role of colpomicroscopy in diagnosis of cancer & precancerous state of the
      cervix].

PMID- 13676432
TI  - [Cytological control of the results of radiation therapy of cervical cancer].

PMID- 13676433
TI  - [Radiation & chemotherapy of lymphogranulomatosis].

PMID- 13676434
TI  - [Organization of treatment of cancer patients].

PMID- 13676435
TI  - [Primary sarcoma of the pancreas].

PMID- 13676436
TI  - [Treatment of gastric lipoma].

PMID- 13676437
TI  - [Case of gastric reticulosarcoma].

PMID- 13676438
TI  - [Case of hemangioma of the paravaginal tissue].

PMID- 13676439
TI  - [Early liver changes in experimental mouse opisthorchosis].

PMID- 13676440
TI  - [Aldosterone, its clinical significance & methods of determination; review of
      foreign periodical literature].

PMID- 13676442
TI  - [Grain fumigation and problems of food hygiene].

PMID- 13676441
TI  - [Protective effect of food substances in fluorine poisoning].

PMID- 13676443
TI  - [Effect on the animal organism of maleic acid hydrazide, a potato growth
      inhibiting agent].

PMID- 13676444
TI  - [Toxicological characteristics of phenols used as antioxidazing agents in edible
      fats; acute and subacute experiments].

PMID- 13676445
TI  - [Hygienic evaluation of nutrition of participants of the All-Union School Spartad
      athletic competitions].

PMID- 13676446
TI  - [Effect of various diets on the dynamics of glucose absorption by the small
      intestine in radiation sickness].

PMID- 13676447
TI  - [Effects of various types of edible fats and of vitamin E on the development of
      vitamin A deficiency in white rats].

PMID- 13676448
TI  - [Experimental critical evaluation of the determination of urinary vitamin P
      (catechins)].

PMID- 13676449
TI  - [Effect of physical exercise on vitamin C and B1 supply during the spring].

PMID- 13676450
TI  - [Effect of electronarcosis associated with dietotherapy on the course of peptic
      ulcer].

PMID- 13676451
TI  - [Certain factors facilitating infestation of eggs with Salmonella and other
      microorganisms].

PMID- 13676452
TI  - [Principles of sanitary-bacteriological standards and investigations in
      nutritional hygiene].

PMID- 13676453
TI  - [Nitrogen uptake of viruses].

PMID- 13676454
TI  - [Immunogenic properties of Rickettsia prowazekii strain E. II. Antitoxic
      immunity].

PMID- 13676455
TI  - [Serodiagnosis of rickettsial infections of the type of spotted fever and typhus
      using hemagglutination reaction. II. Specificity of reaction].

PMID- 13676456
TI  - [Histological aspects of vaccinal processes and morphological evaluation of
      immunity in guinea pigs infected with Rickettsia prowazekii E].

PMID- 13676457
TI  - [Experiences with serological examination of patients with fever of unknown
      etiology during mass detection of typhus in the Trans-Carpathian region].

PMID- 13676458
TI  - [Experimental investigation of ornithosis-psittacosis vaccine on animals].

PMID- 13676459
TI  - [Morphological changes in white mice following Miyagawanella ornithosis
      intoxication].

PMID- 13676460
TI  - [Studies on the virulence of Miyagawanella isolated in the USSR. II. Experimental
      characteristics of toxic properties].

PMID- 13676461
TI  - [Virological characteristics of the epidemic outbreak of poliomyelitis in
      Novosibirsk in 1957].

PMID- 13676462
TI  - [Virological investigations of Bornholm disease].

PMID- 13676463
TI  - [Virological studies on laboratory cases of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis].

PMID- 13676464
TI  - [Epidemiological studies on case of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis in a
      laboratory].

PMID- 13676465
TI  - [Effect of total-body roentgen irradiation and of hypothermia on certain
      neurological viral infections in white mice].

PMID- 13676467
TI  - [Clinico-virological studies on lymphocytic choriomeningitis].

PMID- 13676466
TI  - [Biological properties of Japanese encephalitis virus in various stages of
      adaptation on white mouse organism].

PMID- 13676468
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of certain methods of laboratory diagnosis of Botkin's
      disease. I. Studies on diagnostic value of agglutination of viruses adsorbed by
      bacteria reaction].

PMID- 13676469
TI  - [Use of aldolase reaction in chick embryo in virus disease diagnosis; preliminary
      communication].

PMID- 13676470
TI  - [Diagnostic significance of morphological methods of investigation in influenza].

PMID- 13676471
TI  - [Complex therapy of influenza].

PMID- 13676472
TI  - [Effect of attenuated fowl plague virus on the development of Ehrlich ascites
      carcinoma in mice].

PMID- 13676473
TI  - [Production of non-pathogenic and immunogenic strains of Asian fowl plague virus
      by prolonged cultivation in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma].

PMID- 13676474
TI  - [Inhibiting effects of new antibiotics 1212 and 452-7 on vaccinia virus].

PMID- 13676475
TI  - [Use of a selection method in the production of dermal smallpox detritus].

PMID- 13676476
TI  - [Experimental studies on herpes virus].

PMID- 13676477
TI  - [Effect of alkaloids on necrotic reactions induced by tobacco mosaic virus].

PMID- 13676478
TI  - [Use of Sakaguchi reaction in histochemical studies on viral and non-viral
      inclusions].

PMID- 13676480
TI  - [Controls in electron microscopy].

PMID- 13676479
TI  - [Protein-free culture medium for the growth of fibroblasts in human embryonic
      tissue].

PMID- 13676481
TI  - Relaxin in obstetrics.

PMID- 13676482
TI  - The surgical treatment of hydronephrosis.

PMID- 13676483
TI  - Electromyogram in peripheral nerve complications following general surgical
      procedures.

PMID- 13676484
TI  - The results of an experimental approach to the clinical problems of patients
      requiring gastrectomy.

PMID- 13676485
TI  - A matter of philosophy.

PMID- 13676486
TI  - Toxic nodular goiter: a clinical entity.

PMID- 13676487
TI  - Intrathoracic goitre.

PMID- 13676488
TI  - The diagnosis of parathyroid adenomas.

PMID- 13676489
TI  - Cancer of the head and neck; the plastic surgeon's viewpoint.

PMID- 13676490
TI  - A simplified surgical procedure for the correction of stress incontinence in
      women.

PMID- 13676491
TI  - Vesicovaginal fistula; a review of its causes and treatment.

PMID- 13676492
TI  - Coccidioidal versus malignant hilar flare.

PMID- 13676493
TI  - Plastic repair of double uterus.

PMID- 13676494
TI  - Physical medicine following radical mastectomies.

PMID- 13676495
TI  - Present day problem in cancer of the thyroid.

PMID- 13676496
TI  - [Leukoses in children; clinical experiences with 68 cases of leukosis during the
      period from 1949 to 1958].

PMID- 13676497
TI  - [Antibiotic treatment of purulent meningitis in children].

PMID- 13676498
TI  - [The value of x-ray diagnosis in the field of sterility examinations].

PMID- 13676499
TI  - [Fatal contrast media embolism in hysterosalpingography].

PMID- 13676500
TI  - [Treatment of dyspepsia with intazin, a sulfonamide of intestinal specificity].

PMID- 13676501
TI  - [The psychology of labor pains].

PMID- 13676502
TI  - [Functional relationships between bone and bone marrow and their relations to the
      blood diseases].

PMID- 13676503
TI  - [Endothoracic color photography in the area of pleural biopsy].

PMID- 13676504
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13676505
TI  - [Problems of prolonged and combination therapy of tuberculosis; value of
      combination therapy with thiosemicarbazones].

PMID- 13676506
TI  - [J. E. Purkyne, founder of modern histological technic].

PMID- 13676507
TI  - [Use and abuse of hormones in gynecology].

PMID- 13676508
TI  - [Use of a Penrose drain in gynecological surgery].

PMID- 13676509
TI  - [Function test of skin capillaries with nicotinic acid benzyl ester solutions].

PMID- 13676510
TI  - [Significance of alkaline serum phosphatase in urological diagnosis].

PMID- 13676511
TI  - [Walter Jauregg's relation to psychic hygiene].

PMID- 13676512
TI  - [Introduction of new sulfonamides in the therapy of urinary infections;
      experiences with the CIBA preparations 10,370 and 17,922 (orisul)].

PMID- 13676513
TI  - [Unsatisfactory results of surgical treatment of chronic appendicitis].

PMID- 13676514
TI  - [Animal experiment studies on the choleretic effect of prednisone in rats].

PMID- 13676516
TI  - [Effect of Aesculus hippocastanum extract containing aminopurine on serum
      lipids].

PMID- 13676515
TI  - [Diagnostic significance of glutamic acid-oxalacetic acid transaminase
      determination in serum; technical errors and statistical dispersion of normal
      values].

PMID- 13676517
TI  - [Premature alopecia].

PMID- 13676518
TI  - [Therapy of cardiospasm].

PMID- 13676519
TI  - [Surgery of radioparency].

PMID- 13676520
TI  - [Glaucoma as a problem of general medical treatment].

PMID- 13676521
TI  - [The psychiatric sanatorium, as seen from the viewpoint of a clinical observation
      department].

PMID- 13676522
TI  - [A new antitussive drug, romilar Roche].

PMID- 13676524
TI  - [Intrafollicular ovarian extra-uterine pregnancy].

PMID- 13676523
TI  - [Therapy of bacterial & allergic diseases of the anterior eye segment].

PMID- 13676525
TI  - [Health, economy and science].

PMID- 13676526
TI  - [Progress in therapy of status epilepticus].

PMID- 13676527
TI  - [Serial studies in chronic stomach disorders].

PMID- 13676529
TI  - [Study on therapy of urinary tract infections].

PMID- 13676528
TI  - [Clinical aspects of external use of hydrocortisone especially in combination
      with an oxychinoline derivative].

PMID- 13676530
TI  - [Surgical risk and steroid anesthesia].

PMID- 13676531
TI  - [Study on acute abdomen in puerperium].

PMID- 13676532
TI  - [Pharmacotherapy of depressive states with the iminodibenzyl derivative
      tofranil].

PMID- 13676533
TI  - [Posttraumatic ECG changes].

PMID- 13676534
TI  - [Frontobasal and temporobasal cranial injuries].

PMID- 13676535
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13676536
TI  - [Sella turcica size and hypophyseal function in tuberculosis].

PMID- 13676537
TI  - [Bronchial asthma and the Kux technic of endoscopic denervation].

PMID- 13676538
TI  - [Behavior of serum glutamic oxalacetic and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase in
      disease of the liver parenchyma and in obstructive jaundice].

PMID- 13676539
TI  - [Clinical experiences with sintrom].

PMID- 13676540
TI  - [Growth & developmental disorders in children].

PMID- 13676541
TI  - [Current vaccination problems].

PMID- 13676542
TI  - [Problems of school medicine].

PMID- 13676543
TI  - [Problems of prenatal pathology; diabetogenous & viral embryopathy &
      toxoplasmosis].

PMID- 13676544
TI  - [Chemistry & pharmacology of the new corticosteroids].

PMID- 13676545
TI  - [Contribution to the treatment of arthroses].

PMID- 13676546
TI  - [Contribution to medicinal labor acceleration & relief].

PMID- 13676547
TI  - [Diagnostic & prognostic significance of blood glutamic oxalacetic transaminase
      in liver diseases].

PMID- 13676548
TI  - [The significance of determination of blood cholinesterase activity].

PMID- 13676549
TI  - [Amplitude evaluation of the rheogram].

PMID- 13676550
TI  - [The p-toluene-sulfonic acid test].

PMID- 13676551
TI  - [Lacking specificity of the p-toluene-sulfonic acid flocculation test in the
      diagnosis of lupus erythematosus].

PMID- 13676552
TI  - [Age changes in the central nervous system of domestic animals].

PMID- 13676553
TI  - [Effect of aging on recipient reaction after blood transfusion. II. Sexual
      duallstic reactions].

PMID- 13676554
TI  - [Time of beginning of death of Purkinje cells of the chick (Gallus domesticus)
      and its reaction to the process of hatching; a study on brain biomorphosis].

PMID- 13676556
TI  - [Senility and mental responsibility].

PMID- 13676555
TI  - [Effect of aging on subcutaneous tissue internal tension].

PMID- 13676557
TI  - [Transparency phenomenon of tooth root as an expression of biomorphosis of human
      dentin].

PMID- 13676558
TI  - [Reactivity disposition in tuberculosis; neural reactivity and sex disposition in
      pulmonary tuberculosis. I].

PMID- 13676559
TI  - [The effect of reserpine and tryptophan on enterochromaffin tissues in guinea
      pigs].

PMID- 13676560
TI  - [Study of the experimental induction of portal hypertension].

PMID- 13676561
TI  - [The effect of simple half-synthetic forage mixtures on the amount of damage and
      lipid content of the liver in carbon tetrachloride-poisoned rats].

PMID- 13676562
TI  - [The distribution of labeled endotoxin in the body].

PMID- 13676563
TI  - [Studies of enzymes of the human blood. II. Esterases of the liver].

PMID- 13676564
TI  - [Studies of the cation concentration of the cerebrospinal fluid].

PMID- 13676565
TI  - [Important defects in paper electrophoresis and their possible elimination].

PMID- 13676567
TI  - [A method of quantitative determination of xanthurenic acid in urine with the aid
      of high-voltage electrophoresis].

PMID- 13676566
TI  - [Changes in liver and kidneys of albino rats caused by low-protein feeds with
      high plant or animal lipid content].

PMID- 13676569
TI  - [Dispensary method in gastrointestinal diseases].

PMID- 13676568
TI  - [Electrophoretic and total-protein studies in Yoshida sarcoma].

PMID- 13676571
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13676570
TI  - [Rheumatism as a streptococcal infection].

PMID- 13676572
TI  - [Current status of salmonellosis in the German Democratic Republic].

PMID- 13676573
TI  - [Virus diseases in man].

PMID- 13676574
TI  - [Detailed study of endoangiitis obliterans; preliminary report on the relation
      between parodontosis and endoangiitis obliterans].

PMID- 13676575
TI  - [Body weight and cholecystopathy].

PMID- 13676576
TI  - [Method and clinical evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid protein electrophoresis].

PMID- 13676577
TI  - [Anabiotic activity analysis of energy rich phosphates and acetyl-coenzyme A].

PMID- 13676578
TI  - [New results of epilepsy therapy with mylepsin including catamnestic inquiries of
      epileptics after prolonged treatment].

PMID- 13676579
TI  - [A study on arsenic lung cancer].

PMID- 13676580
TI  - [Behavior of arterial blood pressure at various places of measurement during
      physical exercise].

PMID- 13676581
TI  - [Czechoslovakian tick encephalitis].

PMID- 13676582
TI  - [Criticism of the rheumatoid lung syndrome].

PMID- 13676583
TI  - [Study on the problem of recurrence and concurrent diseases in exanthema
      subitum].

PMID- 13676584
TI  - [The alkalimetric determination of the peptone-splitting effect of the blood
      serum in liver diseases and other diseases].

PMID- 13676585
TI  - [A short study on the etiology of erythema nodosum].

PMID- 13676586
TI  - [Studies of human spleen depot serum].

PMID- 13676588
TI  - [Thoughts on cancer].

PMID- 13676587
TI  - [Lactacidemia and ascorbic acid in cardiac insufficiency; therapeutic
      conclusions].

PMID- 13676589
TI  - [Studies on iron exchange. I. Animal experimental studies on the inflow of
      resorption iron into the greater circulation].

PMID- 13676590
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13676591
TI  - [Clinical studies on the mechanism of action of peroral antidiabetics].

PMID- 13676592
TI  - [Study on the behavior of some blood enzymes after operative surgery].

PMID- 13676593
TI  - [The problem of the functional relations between the thyroid gland and adrenal
      cortex].

PMID- 13676594
TI  - [The problem of mitral configuration without mitral valve defect].

PMID- 13676595
TI  - [The antilipemic and hyperglycemic effect of heparin].

PMID- 13676596
TI  - [Studies on the problem of the differentiation of hemoglobin A from hemoglobin F
      by alkali denaturation and electrophoresis].

PMID- 13676597
TI  - [Practical experiences in diabetes therapy with reduction substances].

PMID- 13676598
TI  - [Fat embolism in acquired hemolytic anemia].

PMID- 13676599
TI  - [Therapeutic use of organ hydrolysates].

PMID- 13676600
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13676601
TI  - [Cutaneous mucor infection in a 50 year old peasant woman].

PMID- 13676602
TI  - [Functional evaluation of pulmonary emphysema with special gas analysis research
      methods. I].

PMID- 13676603
TI  - [Functional evaluation of pulmonary emphysema with general clinical research
      methods. II].

PMID- 13676604
TI  - [Presence and diagnostic value of C reactive proteins in paraproteinemic
      diseases].

PMID- 13676605
TI  - [The rapid division phase of inulin as a parameter for the physiologically active
      volumes of extracellular fluids].

PMID- 13676606
TI  - [Relations between body fat content and the physiologically active content of
      extracellular body fluids].

PMID- 13676607
TI  - [Method of measurement of inspiratory and alveolar CO2 impulse curves for
      respiration; testing of a diphenylacetic acid derivative].

PMID- 13676608
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of hypophyseal hypothyroidism].

PMID- 13676609
TI  - [Principles of cranial rheography].

PMID- 13676610
TI  - [Mitoses & mitotic stages in untreated chicken fibroblasts].

PMID- 13676611
TI  - Critical factors in the seroflocculation reaction test for cancer.

PMID- 13676613
TI  - [Perfusion chamber for tissue culture].

PMID- 13676612
TI  - [Cytophotometric determination of protein-bound thiols in mitosis & interphase of
      HeLa cells].

PMID- 13676614
TI  - [Adaptive changes of the morphological properties of a mouse mammary carcinoma].

PMID- 13676615
TI  - [Experimental research on the growth of 2 tumors implanted into rats].

PMID- 13676616
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13676617
TI  - [Inhibition of respiration by means of carcinostatically active substances].

PMID- 13676618
TI  - [Research with radioiodine 131-labelled antibodies against nucleic acids &
      nucleoprotein from hepatocellular rat carcinoma & normal rat liver].

PMID- 13676619
TI  - [Resorption & excretion of fluorescent substances].

PMID- 13676620
TI  - [Electron microscopic observations on cellular changes after super-cooling of
      ascites tumor cells for several days in comparison with ascites carcinoma &
      ascites sarcoma].

PMID- 13676621
TI  - [Labile hypertension].

PMID- 13676622
TI  - [Use of radioactive perabrodil for determination of cardiac time volume with the
      test substance injection method].

PMID- 13676623
TI  - [New viewpoints on the hemodynamics of the lesser circulation on the basis of
      pulmonary angiographic studies].

PMID- 13676624
TI  - [Study on bloodless determination of pressure in the left auricle in mitral
      stenosis].

PMID- 13676625
TI  - [Blood pressure changes under the influence of weather factors].

PMID- 13676626
TI  - [Clinical picture and pathology of idiopathic aneurysms of Valsalva's sinus].

PMID- 13676627
TI  - [Quantitative true-form cast demonstration of the heart cavities. I. Method of
      heart cavity demonstration; form changes of the heart cavities in the contracted
      and relaxed heart].

PMID- 13676628
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13676629
TI  - [Change of the central blood volume after ganglionic block and demonstration by
      dye dilution curves].

PMID- 13676630
TI  - [Intravenous glucose loading test in essential hypertension].

PMID- 13676631
TI  - [Comparative hemodynamic studies with pure glycosides of Digitalis lanata and
      strophanthin].

PMID- 13676632
TI  - [Problem of an increase of strophanthin effect by cocarboxylase].

PMID- 13676633
TI  - [Relation between the end systolic pressure and peripheral resistance on a tube
      model].

PMID- 13676634
TI  - [Localization of arterial obliterations in 1166 vascular diseases of the lower
      extremities as a basis for evaluation of therapeutic measures].

PMID- 13676635
TI  - [Blood fibrinogen content and blood sedimentation rate in malignant tumors in the
      ear, nose and throat area].

PMID- 13676636
TI  - [Otorhinolaryngological study on diagnosis and operative treatment of
      lymphogranulomatosis].

PMID- 13676637
TI  - [Oscillation starting processes on the basilar membrane].

PMID- 13676638
TI  - [Relations between preoperative findings and mobilization capacity of the stapes
      in otosclerosis; conclusions from 200 operation results].

PMID- 13676639
TI  - [Experiences with the Rosen technic of stapes mobilization].

PMID- 13676640
TI  - [Treatment of nasal polpys and chronic diseases of the paranasal sinuses].

PMID- 13676642
TI  - [Cosmetic surgery in wry mouth].

PMID- 13676643
TI  - [An atypical form of gout arthritis].

PMID- 13676641
TI  - [Recent studies on hyalinosis cutis and mucosae].

PMID- 13676644
TI  - [Balneotherapy of arthritis].

PMID- 13676645
TI  - [Rheumatism from the viewpoint of expert medical testimony].

PMID- 13676646
TI  - [Use of synthetic antimalarials in primary chronic polyarthritis].

PMID- 13676647
TI  - [Significance of intestinal disorders for rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 13676648
TI  - [Animal experimental studies on the hyaluronidase inhibition effect of
      antirheumatics].

PMID- 13676649
TI  - [Change of duration of vibration sense in Bechterew's disease].

PMID- 13676650
TI  - [Pharmacological studies on the mechanism of action of antiphlogistics].

PMID- 13676651
TI  - [Ankylosing spondylitis and Reiter's disease].

PMID- 13676652
TI  - [Precancerous stage of prostate adenoma and malignant degeneration; occult
      prostate carcinoma].

PMID- 13676653
TI  - [Some observations on prevention of prostate cancer].

PMID- 13676654
TI  - [The use of phenothiazine in urology].

PMID- 13676655
TI  - [What I saw in America].

PMID- 13676656
TI  - [Foreign bodies in the bladder].

PMID- 13676657
TI  - [Calcified solitary cyst of the left kidney].

PMID- 13676658
TI  - [Infundibular diverticulum of the kidneys with concrement formation].

PMID- 13676659
TI  - [Experimental studies on the possibilities of a biological therapy of uric acid
      stones].

PMID- 13676660
TI  - [Evaluation of kidney function on the basis of paraminohippuric acid excretion].

PMID- 13676661
TI  - [Operative treatment of multiple strictures of the anterior urethra].

PMID- 13676662
TI  - [An unusual complication of a urethral calculus].

PMID- 13676663
TI  - [Carcinoma in a bladder diverticulum; study of a case report].

PMID- 13676664
TI  - [Cystic hamartia in a double kidney and in kidney aplasia; a study of the
      clinical picture and of the genesis].

PMID- 13676665
TI  - [Structural and physiological changes of a loop of small intestine caused by
      contact with urine].

PMID- 13676666
TI  - [Replacement of a penis skin defect caused by gangrene with half-thickness
      flaps].

PMID- 13676667
TI  - [Potency disorders in the male on a neurovegetative basis].

PMID- 13676669
TI  - [Suffocation in severe congenital defect of the secondary palate].

PMID- 13676668
TI  - [Nephropexy with skin strips].

PMID- 13676670
TI  - [Presence of Budd-Chiari syndrome in malignant tumors in the area of the orifice
      of the inferior vena cava].

PMID- 13676671
TI  - [Lipoid structure of aortic endothelium].

PMID- 13676672
TI  - [A further study on diffuse familiar infantile cerebral sclerosis (Krabbe type)].

PMID- 13676673
TI  - [Nomenclature of so-called pulmonary adematosis].

PMID- 13676674
TI  - [Hemangiosarcoma of the intestine].

PMID- 13676675
TI  - [Coxsackie B virus infection in newborn infants].

PMID- 13676676
TI  - [Carcinosarcoma of the bladder].

PMID- 13676677
TI  - [Allergic granulomatosis].

PMID- 13676678
TI  - [Metastatic salivary gland mixed tumor with giant cell formation in dog].

PMID- 13676679
TI  - [Rhabdomyomatosis in congenital vitium cordis].

PMID- 13676680
TI  - [Focal pneumocystis pneumonia in a 26 year old male with malignant
      lymphogranuloma].

PMID- 13676681
TI  - [Problem of usability of cadaver serum for paper electrophoresis; experimental
      studies on rats].

PMID- 13676682
TI  - [Tumors induced by acetylaminofluorene, especially lung tumors in rats].

PMID- 13676683
TI  - [Intrauterine pneumonia as expression of a true fetal inflammation].

PMID- 13676684
TI  - [An unusual form of liver carcinoma].

PMID- 13676685
TI  - [Definition & delimitation of occupational diseases subject to report &
      indemnity].

PMID- 13676686
TI  - [Explosion in a glass wool plant].

PMID- 13676687
TI  - [Contribution to the determination of diphenyl bases in urine].

PMID- 13676688
TI  - [A simple & efficient method of safety in welding with bottled gas].

PMID- 13676689
TI  - [Kinetics of inactivation & reactivation of phages. IV. Chemical mechanism of
      formaldehyde inactivation of phages].

PMID- 13676690
TI  - [Investigations on the chemical inactivation of encephalomyocarditis & herpes
      viruses].

PMID- 13676691
TI  - [Formation & survival of complement fixing & virus neutralizing antibodies in
      tick-borne encephalitis].

PMID- 13676693
TI  - [Enteropathogenic intestinal streptococci].

PMID- 13676692
TI  - [Freeze-drying of sheep abortion virus with regard to various protective media &
      freezing methods].

PMID- 13676694
TI  - [Relation between serologically detected antibodies & immunity in erysipelas].

PMID- 13676695
TI  - [Demonstration of a toxin in colibacteria using a precipitin reaction. II].

PMID- 13676696
TI  - [Effect of a new antibiotic on intestinal flora of white rats].

PMID- 13676697
TI  - [Occurrence of acylamidases in Mycobacteria. I. Enzymatic deamination of aromatic
      & aliphatic carboxylamides].

PMID- 13676698
TI  - [Diagnostic possibilities in a mixed infection with human & bovine tubercle
      bacteria].

PMID- 13676699
TI  - [Research on the differentiation of Bacillus cereus or Bacillus anthracis during
      the course of a day's work in the laboratory].

PMID- 13676700
TI  - [Leptospirosis in Bulgaria].

PMID- 13676701
TI  - [Platyhelminth larvae from East Thuringean waterliving arthropods].

PMID- 13676702
TI  - [Lung abscess caused by Salmonella kottbus & Salmonella newport].

PMID- 13676703
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of benign thymus tumors].

PMID- 13676704
TI  - [Anatomical hypotheses for development of cicatrical ruptures after midline
      abdominal wall incisions].

PMID- 13676705
TI  - [Intraluminary electrotherapy of various paralytic conditions of the
      gastrointestinal tract with the quadrangular current].

PMID- 13676706
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13676707
TI  - [Clinical picture of cylindroma].

PMID- 13676708
TI  - [A short note on the effect of serum of surgical patients on white mice].

PMID- 13676709
TI  - [Dynamics of late mortality after gastrectomy in cancer of the stomach and
      cardia].

PMID- 13676710
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13676711
TI  - [Oscillography and circulation of fracture of the lower leg during healing].

PMID- 13676712
TI  - [Paper chromatographic studies of the blood in tumors of the brain].

PMID- 13676713
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13676714
TI  - [Hazards and dangers of the Pohl femur neck screw].

PMID- 13676715
TI  - [Muscle protrusion through connective tissue weakness over the epicondylus
      radialis humeri].

PMID- 13676716
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of bone tumors].

PMID- 13676717
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13676718
TI  - [Incidence of toxoplasmosis and listeriosis in our hospital].

PMID- 13676719
TI  - [Dose determination in gynecological contact irradiation].

PMID- 13676720
TI  - [Results in treatment of cervical carcinoma from 1947 to 1952].

PMID- 13676721
TI  - [Vaginal uterus extirpation in benign diseases of the internal genitalia; report
      on 500 cases].

PMID- 13676722
TI  - [Possible ectopic decidua following uterus rupture].

PMID- 13676723
TI  - [Cystometric studies during radiotherapy of cervical carcinoma].

PMID- 13676724
TI  - [Significance of residual urine for time of postoperative x-irradiation].

PMID- 13676725
TI  - [Incidence of mullerian duct cysts of the vagina and other abnormalities of the
      urogenital system].

PMID- 13676726
TI  - [Ureterorectal fistula originating following genital tuberculosis].

PMID- 13676727
TI  - [Diverticulum and urethrocele of the female urethra].

PMID- 13676728
TI  - [Sigmoid diverticulum with perforation into posterior vaginal vault].

PMID- 13676729
TI  - [Presence of hemosiderin in endometrium].

PMID- 13676730
TI  - [Hemorrhages in menopause from a Gartner's duct; case report].

PMID- 13676731
TI  - [Simultaneous presence of abortive ovum and ovum with twins].

PMID- 13676733
TI  - [Diseases of pelvic connective tissue].

PMID- 13676732
TI  - [Case report of full-term fallopian tube pregnancy].

PMID- 13676734
TI  - [Intubation anesthesia in cesarean section with change of placenta permeability].

PMID- 13676735
TI  - [Possible effect of modern anesthetic methods on postoperative thromboembolism
      incidence and previous results of anesthesia synergistic thromboembolism
      prevention].

PMID- 13676736
TI  - [Intracutaneous suture with V2A wire].

PMID- 13676737
TI  - [Interstitial tubal pregnancy after removal of homolateral adnexa; study on the
      problem of internal ovarian transmigration].

PMID- 13676738
TI  - [Unusual case of pseudohermaphroditism treated by hormones and surgery].

PMID- 13676739
TI  - [Acardiacus amorphus].

PMID- 13676740
TI  - [Use of plant substances in the therapy of menstruation & bleeding disorders &
      other endocrine diseases of women].

PMID- 13676741
TI  - [Hydatid mole & well developed fetus in the 6th month of pregnancy].

PMID- 13676742
TI  - [Eclampsia & late neurological lesions of the offspring].

PMID- 13676743
TI  - [Incidence of malformations in Dresden].

PMID- 13676744
TI  - [The problem of malignancy in a case of Gartnergang carclnoma].

PMID- 13676745
TI  - [Results of histological studies on a duly amputated cervix with colposcopically
      atypical epithelium].

PMID- 13676746
TI  - [Dyskaryosis in connection with dysplasia & pre-invasive cervix carcinoma].

PMID- 13676747
TI  - [The significance of the punch card procedure for the introduction & evaluation
      of cancer statistics in gynecological clinics].

PMID- 13676748
TI  - [Shaping & application of vaginal prostheses made from super-acrylates].

PMID- 13676749
TI  - [A simple method for radium dosage in r].

PMID- 13676750
TI  - [Morphological conditions of the cervix at the terminal stage of labor].

PMID- 13676751
TI  - [Transaminase studies on the umbilical cord blood].

PMID- 13676752
TI  - [Strangulation of the cervical labia during parturition].

PMID- 13676753
TI  - [A case of acute interstitial lymphocytic myocarditis with hemorrhage in a 20
      year old primipara].

PMID- 13676754
TI  - [The problem of Rh(o) antigen distribution in Bulgaria].

PMID- 13676755
TI  - [Blood lipoproteins in female genital carcinoma].

PMID- 13676756
TI  - [Eutocia after Strassmann's operation].

PMID- 13676757
TI  - [Situs transversus; positio sagittalis ventralis after Strassmann operation].

PMID- 13676758
TI  - [Results of ordinary & combined mud bath treatment in sterility].

PMID- 13676759
TI  - [Critical remarks on the hormonal treatment of threatened abortion].

PMID- 13676760
TI  - [Combined hyason infiltration-ultrasonic treatment in gynecology].

PMID- 13676761
TI  - [Prognosis of hydronephrosis occurring after radiotherapy and radical surgery in
      cervical cancer].

PMID- 13676762
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13676763
TI  - [Results and prognostic significance of kidney clearance in late toxemias of
      pregnancy].

PMID- 13676764
TI  - [Study on simultaneous presence of myoma of diverse origin].

PMID- 13676766
TI  - [Complaints of patients with various forms of myoma].

PMID- 13676767
TI  - [Therapeutic experiences with estriol].

PMID- 13676765
TI  - [Radiation protection in gynecological radium therapy].

PMID- 13676768
TI  - [Aplasia of the pubic bone].

PMID- 13676769
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13676770
TI  - [Vaginal use of chemical agents in therapy of functional hemorrhages; adrenalin
      test].

PMID- 13676771
TI  - [Use of hyaluronidase in dilatation of the cervical canal].

PMID- 13676772
TI  - [Advantages of isopropyl chloride over trichloroethylene in potentiated analgesia
      in labor with chlorpromazine].

PMID- 13676773
TI  - [Remote results of arm paralysis due to birth injury at the University Women's
      Hospital in Basel from 1937 to 1957].

PMID- 13676774
TI  - [Not Available].

PMID- 13676775
TI  - [Metastases of a breast carcinoma into the endometrium].

PMID- 13676776
TI  - [The presence of nerves in endometriosis interna].

PMID- 13676777
TI  - [Clinical significance of genital abnormalities in women].

PMID- 13676778
TI  - [Prevention of sequelae after conservative surgical treatment of metroadnexites].

PMID- 13676779
TI  - [A histologically diagnosed ovarian pregnancy].

PMID- 13676780
TI  - [Neural therapy in gynecology].

PMID- 13676781
TI  - [Spontaneous perforation of the uterine fundus in the 7th month of pregnancy].

PMID- 13676782
TI  - [A case of metastasis of a squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix into al
      left-sided multilocular ovarian cystoma].

PMID- 13676783
TI  - [Injuries of the posterior vaginal vault].

PMID- 13676784
TI  - [Intracervical carcinoma and colposcopy].

PMID- 13676785
TI  - [Certain aspects of the study of adenoviruses].

PMID- 13676786
TI  - [Experimental studies on the method of obtaining live influenzal vaccine. I.
      Biological and immunological variability of influenza virus A-57 during its
      adaptation to chick embryo and mice].

PMID- 13676787
TI  - [Method of demonstration of influenza viruses in tissue cultures].

PMID- 13676788
TI  - [Effect of seasonal temperature changes on influenza and upper respiratory
      catarrh morbidity].

PMID- 13676789
TI  - [Epidemiology of influenza in Uzbekistan during 1957].

PMID- 13676790
TI  - [Epidemiological effectiveness of anti-influenza monovalent vaccine A2].

PMID- 13676791
TI  - [Purification of influenza antisera].

PMID- 13676792
TI  - [Experimental studies on antigenic and immunogenic properties of combined
      vaccines against scarlet fever, diphtheria and whooping cough].

PMID- 13676793
TI  - [Certain epidemiological characteristics of whooping cough].

PMID- 13676794
TI  - [Determination of coagulase in Hemophilus pertussis].

PMID- 13676795
TI  - [Immunological indices in children inoculated with a combined whooping
      coughdiphtheria vaccine].

PMID- 13676796
TI  - [Experimental streptococcal infection in Macaca rhesus monkeys; nature of
      rheumatism and rheumatoid diseases].

PMID- 13676797
TI  - [Immunophagocytic reactions of the blood and of the tonsils in chronic
      tonsillitis in children].

PMID- 13676798
TI  - [Serological characteristics of chronic tonsillitis].

PMID- 13676799
TI  - [Epidemiological significance of scarlet fever convalescents in child
      institutions with special reference to hospitalization schedule and conditions].

PMID- 13676800
TI  - [Effect of interval duration between the first and the second inoculation of
      curbed diphtherial anatoxin on the effectiveness of antitoxic immunity].

PMID- 13676801
TI  - [Nature of respiration in Corynebacterium diphtheriae].

PMID- 13676802
TI  - [Anti-diphtherial immunity level in children following viral influenza].

PMID- 13676803
TI  - [Shick reaction in children vaccinated against diphtheria].

PMID- 13676804
TI  - [Studies on reactive properties of antidiphtherial sera treated by aluminum
      hydroxide].

PMID- 13676805
TI  - [Effect of ultrasonics on Mycobacterium tuberculosis].

PMID- 13676806
TI  - [Antigenic properties of Mycobacterium tuberculosis suspensions exposed to
      ultrasonics].

PMID- 13676807
TI  - [Effect of shock on changes of toxin-resistance of erythrocytes following passive
      immunization of rabbits by Clostridium perfringens anti-gangrene serum].

PMID- 13676808
TI  - [Etiological studies on human cases of neurological diseases following anti
      rabies vaccination].

PMID- 13676809
TI  - [A statistical method in experimental studies in the field of microbiology and
      immunology. IV. Transformation of experimental data using the probability
      method].

PMID- 13676810
TI  - [Diagnostic value of hemagglutination reaction in typhus].

PMID- 13676811
TI  - [Basic aspects of scientific research activities at the N. F. Gamaleia Institute
      of Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR
      during 1958 and plans for scientific investigations during 1959].

PMID- 13676812
TI  - [Anti-plague organization in Prerevolutionary Russia; 60th anniversary of the
      antiplague laboratory of the USSR].

PMID- 13676813
TI  - [Clinical aspects of staphylococcal food poisoning].

PMID- 13676814
TI  - [Outbreak of human and animal cowpox].

PMID- 13676815
TI  - [Survival of Rickettsia burnetii on various objects].

PMID- 13676816
TI  - [Serotherapy of experimental gas infection induced by Clostridium oedematiens or
      septicum associated with aerobic organisms].

PMID- 13676817
TI  - [Pathogenic role of certain metabolic disorders in Far Eastern hemorrhagic fever
      with renal syndrome].

PMID- 13676818
TI  - [Analysis of the mechanism of neural regulation of immunological reactions].

PMID- 13676819
TI  - [Effect of antibiotics on microbial variability].

PMID- 13676820
TI  - [Epidemiological and clinical data on anthrax].

PMID- 13676821
TI  - [Salmonella infection according to data of the First City Hospital in
      Cheboksary].

PMID- 13676822
TI  - [Vacuum drying of Salmonella typhosa].

PMID- 13676823
TI  - [Focal aspects of Botkin's diseases].

PMID- 13676824
TI  - [Nature and biological characteristics of atypical forms of enteric bacteria].

PMID- 13676825
TI  - [Salmonellal diseases in Zaporozhe].

PMID- 13676826
TI  - [Sensitivity of causative agents of infections to chemotherapeutic preparations &
      the efficacy of chemotherapy].

PMID- 13676827
TI  - [Effects of certain antibiotics & their combinations on immunogenesis in
      experimental conditions].

PMID- 13676828
TI  - [Effects of antibiotics on antibody formation].

PMID- 13676829
TI  - [Dynamics of certain immunological indices in dysentery patients treated with
      chlortetracycline in conjunction with alcohol Flexner & Sonne vaccine].

PMID- 13676830
TI  - [Period of synthomycin resistance in dysentery bacilli & their sensitivity to
      bacteriophage, phytoncides & certain chemical antiseptics].

PMID- 13676831
TI  - [Investigation of certain aspects of antibiotic action in radiation sickness].

PMID- 13676832
TI  - [Changes in the properties of Proteus under the effect of antibiotics. II. Effect
      of synthomycin on the properties of the causative agent & the course of
      experimental wound infection caused by synthomycin-sensitive & synthomycin
      resistant Proteus forms].

PMID- 13676833
TI  - [Disinfection as a means of antibacterial protection (according to foreign
      manuals)].

PMID- 13676834
TI  - [Status of mosquito repellant study].

PMID- 13676835
TI  - [Bactericidal properties of chlorophos; preliminary report].

PMID- 13676836
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the insecticidal properties of methoxychlor &
      chlorophos aerosols].

PMID- 13676837
TI  - [Use of products of the electrolysis of chlorides as a new sporocidal agent].

PMID- 13676838
TI  - [Bactericidal effect of ionizing radiations].

PMID- 13676839
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of measures of combatting
      synanthropic flies with DDT, BCH preparation, chlorophos & further prospects in
      regard to extermination of these insects].

PMID- 13676840
TI  - [Electron microscopic investigation of morphological changes of spores of STI
      anthrax vaccine under the effects of certain disinfectants].

PMID- 13676841
TI  - [Morphological features & resistance to certain disinfectants of spores of STI
      anthrax vaccine].

PMID- 13676842
TI  - [Data on the sporicidal & bactericidal action of trichlorisocyanuric acid].

PMID- 13676843
TI  - [History of the mass disinfection of clothing & baggage of railway passengers in
      original disinfection chambers & by means of pulverizing apparatus on the
      Transcaucasian Railroad during the 1892 cholera epidemic].

PMID- 13676844
TI  - [Pathogenic microflora of rodents obtained from the Leningrad merchant seaport
      region. II].

PMID- 13676846
TI  - [Positive brucellosis reactions in persons without clinical manifestations of the
      disease].

PMID- 13676845
TI  - [Morphological & certain histochemical changes (glycogen, alkaline phosphatase &
      ribonucleic acid) in the body of the guinea pig in Clostridium oedematiens
      infection].

PMID- 13676847
TI  - [Use of a method of phage titer increase for investigation of objects of the
      external environment].

PMID- 13676848
TI  - [Byelorussian Institute of Epidemiology, Microbiology & Hygiene, on the 40th
      anniversary of the Byelorussian SSR].

PMID- 13676849
TI  - [Survival time of dysentery bacilli in feces].

PMID- 13676850
TI  - [Data on the comparative survival of the Boyd-Novgorodskaia III & Sonne dysentery
      bacilli in water & milk].

PMID- 13676851
TI  - [Immunological reactions in persons vaccinated against brucellosis by live dried
      IEM vaccine of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR].

PMID- 13676852
TI  - [Variability of Clostridium perfringens II. Variability of Clostridium
      perfringens in conditions of long-term existence in the organism in experimental
      latent gas infection].

PMID- 13676853
TI  - [Epidemiology & prevention of Botkin's disease].

PMID- 13676854
TI  - [Comparative study of the effect of certain antibiotics on experimental tularemia
      infection].

PMID- 13676856
TI  - [Lysogenesis in Brucella].

PMID- 13676855
TI  - [Effect of levomycetin on growth of Brucella from organs of white mice with
      experimental brucellosis].

PMID- 13676857
TI  - [Salar Agarafievich Imamiliev].

PMID- 13676858
TI  - [Unsolved problems of etiology, pathogenesis and therapy of multiple sclerosis].

PMID- 13676859
TI  - [Certain aspects of vascular pathology in multiple sclerosis].

PMID- 13676860
TI  - [Thyroid function in multiple sclerosis].

PMID- 13676861
TI  - [Familiar spasmodic paraplegia of Strumpell].

PMID- 13676862
TI  - [Clinical aspects and diagnosis of syringomyelia].

PMID- 13676863
TI  - [Vasomotor disorders in hepatolenticular degeneration; capillarographic and
      plethysmographic data].

PMID- 13676864
TI  - [Bio-chemical diagnosis of funicular myelosis; vitamin B12 metabolism in
      funicular myelosis].

PMID- 13676865
TI  - [Symptomatology of a decrudescent form of neuro-achylic syndrome].

PMID- 13676866
TI  - [Bilateral facial neuritis in epidemic hepatitis].

PMID- 13676867
TI  - [Two cases of myotonia atrophica].

PMID- 13676868
TI  - [Slow forms of schizophrenia].

PMID- 13676869
TI  - [Cenesthopathic syndrome in schizophrenia].

PMID- 13676870
TI  - [Clinical and electroencephalographic studies of paranoid form of schizophrenia
      during the remission stage].

PMID- 13676871
TI  - [Antibacterial effect of aminazin; experimental studies. I].

PMID- 13676872
TI  - [Clinical observations on mental patients treated with reserpine. I].

PMID- 13676873
TI  - [Result of lithium carbonate therapy of the agitation states].

PMID- 13676874
TI  - [Use of parenterin in the treatment of mental patients].

PMID- 13676875
TI  - [Two unusual cases of cranial foreign bodies].

PMID- 13676876
TI  - [Studies on the catamnesis of schizophrenic patients].

PMID- 13676877
TI  - [V. I. Lenin and his views on the relative contralateral positions of matter and
      consciousness].

PMID- 13676878
TI  - [Theodor Meynert; 125th anniversary of his birth].

PMID- 13676879
TI  - [P. D. Maksimov as a psychiatrist and social worker].

PMID- 13676880
TI  - [The philosophy of voluntarism and Freud's psychoanalysis].

PMID- 13676881
TI  - [Z. I. OLEINIKOVA].

PMID- 13676882
TI  - [D. S. Ozeretskovskii; 60th anniversary of his birth].

PMID- 13676883
TI  - [Alcoholic abstinence syndrome].

PMID- 13676884
TI  - [Alcoholic irritation autonomic syndrome].

PMID- 13676885
TI  - [Atypical alcoholic psychoses].

PMID- 13676886
TI  - [Antabuse psychoses].

PMID- 13676887
TI  - [Acute psychotic states during antabuse therapy of chronic alcoholism].

PMID- 13676888
TI  - [A new method of combined therapy of alcoholism].

PMID- 13676889
TI  - [Antabuse therapy of alcoholism at a psychoneurological center].

PMID- 13676890
TI  - [Catamnestic data on the effectiveness of therapy of alcoholism].

PMID- 13676891
TI  - [Status dysraphicus and lumbosacral radiculitis].

PMID- 13676892
TI  - [Cervical osteochondrosis syndromes; spinal, radicular, cerebrocranial,
      visceral].

PMID- 13676893
TI  - [Clinico-roentgenological picture of diseases of the cervical intervertebral
      disks].

PMID- 13676894
TI  - [Syndrome of pain with hyperpathia in a zone of normal occipital nerves in
      injuries of the supraorbital nerve].

PMID- 13676895
TI  - [Clinico-physiological analysis of the effectiveness of acupuncture in
      radiculitis; preliminary communication].

PMID- 13676896
TI  - [Compensatory reactions following injuries of nerves of the upper extremity].

PMID- 13676897
TI  - [Medical work determination in neurogenic contractures following gunshot wounds
      of the peripheral nerve trunks].

PMID- 13676898
TI  - [Effectiveness of vitamin B12 in diseases of the peripheral nervous system].

PMID- 13676899
TI  - [Shumkov's complex of symptoms in alcoholism].

PMID- 13676900
TI  - [Evaluation of anatomical microscopic examination of the central nervous system
      at the Academy of Sciences prior to the October Revolution in 1917].

PMID- 13676901
TI  - [Review of works dedicated to the International Day of Mental Health].

PMID- 13676902
TI  - [Problems of alcoholism in modern French psychiatry].

PMID- 13676903
TI  - [ANDREI OSIPOVICH KHACHATUROV].

PMID- 13676904
TI  - [Organization and functioning of a hospital for alcoholics].

PMID- 13676905
TI  - [Evgenii Alekseevich Popov; 60th anniversary of his birth].

PMID- 13676906
TI  - [Histopathology of experimental infections induced by infections with enteric
      neurotropic viruses].

PMID- 13676907
TI  - [Listerella meningitis].

PMID- 13676908
TI  - [Recurrent acute poliomyelitis].

PMID- 13676909
TI  - [Clinical aspects of encephalic form of poliomyelitis].

PMID- 13676911
TI  - [Influenzal myelitis in children].

PMID- 13676910
TI  - [Two-year clinical observations on children immunized against poliomyelitis with
      live attenuated vaccine].

PMID- 13676912
TI  - [Mental changes in chronic dysentery in young children].

PMID- 13676913
TI  - [Dynamics of creatinine index in progressive muscular atrophy in children].

PMID- 13676914
TI  - [Neurological examination of children under one-year of age].

PMID- 13676915
TI  - [Method of detection and clinical significance of Cherni's symptom in chorea in
      children].

PMID- 13676916
TI  - [Clinico-physiological classification of epilepsy in children].

PMID- 13676917
TI  - [Clarification of the polymorphism of epileptic seizures according to the
      observations on epilepsy in children].

PMID- 13676918
TI  - [Problem of myoclonus epilepsy].

PMID- 13676919
TI  - [Course of epilepsy; catamnestic data].

PMID- 13676920
TI  - [Analysis of causes of recurrence of successfully treated cases of epilepsy in
      children].

PMID- 13676921
TI  - [Syringomyelia in children].

PMID- 13676922
TI  - [Biological currents of the brain in children and adolescents during remission of
      schizophrenia].

PMID- 13676923
TI  - [Dynamics of clinical variants of mental deficiency in children; catamnestic
      data].

PMID- 13676924
TI  - [Precocious puberty as a symptom of cerebral lesions].

PMID- 13676925
TI  - [Aminazine therapy of psychopathologic states in children].

PMID- 13676926
TI  - [Case of a specific developmental anomaly of the central nervous system resulting
      from birth injury].

PMID- 13676927
TI  - [Iuliia Aleksandrovna Florenskaia as an outstanding Russian speech pathologist
      and speech therapist; 10th anniversary of her death].

PMID- 13676928
TI  - [P. I. EMDIN].

PMID- 13676929
TI  - [60th Birthday of Dmitrii Evgen'evich Melekhov].

PMID- 13676930
TI  - [60th Birthday of Vadim Vladimirovich Mikheev].

PMID- 13676931
TI  - [I. P. Pavlov's teaching in modern psychiatry].

PMID- 13676932
TI  - [Significance of the formation of a complex motor stereotype and of the
      substitution of one of its components for another in fine visual analysis].

PMID- 13676933
TI  - [Motor conditioned reactions in an adult to a simultaneous and consecutive
      complex stimuli].

PMID- 13676934
TI  - [Effect of small doses of bromine and caffeine on vascular reflexes in aging
      human subjects].

PMID- 13676935
TI  - [Effect of the formation of conditioned reflex on the development of
      unconditioned plantar reflex in infants].

PMID- 13676936
TI  - [Reflex leukocyte count reaction to food intake in newborn infants].

PMID- 13676937
TI  - [Correlation between neural processes in twins].

PMID- 13676938
TI  - [Irradiation and concentration of neural processes in the cutaneous analyzer in
      dogs of various types of the nervous system].

PMID- 13676939
TI  - [Effect of the acceleration of differentiation on conditioned reflexes in the
      presence of various functional states of the cerebral cortex].

PMID- 13676941
TI  - [Trace changes of cortical irritability following unconditioned reinforcement of
      defense motor reflex in a dog].

PMID- 13676940
TI  - [Neural mechanisms of conditioned reflexes of the second order].

PMID- 13676942
TI  - [Dependence of the course of retarded conditioned reflex on various durations of
      stimulus activity].

PMID- 13676943
TI  - [Complex motor conditioned reflexes to visual stimuli following dissociation of
      the occipital and other cortical regions].

PMID- 13676944
TI  - [Direct and conditioned reflex effect of small doses of caffeine on the higher
      nervous activity in dogs].

PMID- 13676945
TI  - [Effect of aminazin on certain components of motor defense conditioned
      reactions].

PMID- 13676946
TI  - [Effect of aminazin on conditioned reflex activity in normal and hypertensive
      dogs].

PMID- 13676947
TI  - [Artificial increase of smell sense in work dogs].

PMID- 13676948
TI  - [Change of conditioned reflexes in rats in general hypothermia].

PMID- 13676949
TI  - [Effect of promedole on the higher nervous activity in mice].

PMID- 13676950
TI  - [Report on hospital pharmacies; published in December 1958].

PMID- 13676951
TI  - [Various factors affecting the expenses of a hospital. II].

PMID- 13676952
TI  - [Work classification & merit rating; brief explanation of the purpose & contents
      of two means of wage determination].

PMID- 13676953
TI  - [Panel suggestion].

PMID- 13676954
TI  - [The Academic Hospital of the community of Amsterdam].

PMID- 13676955
TI  - [Report on psychiatric wards in general hospitals].

PMID- 13676956
TI  - [The south-east extension of the St. Elizabeth Hospital in Curacao, Netherlands
      Asia].

PMID- 13676957
TI  - [Basic thoughts on hospital planning].

PMID- 13676959
TI  - [Opening of the rehabilitation center Heiiomare at Wijk aan Zee].

PMID- 13676958
TI  - [The organization of a laundry in the Community Hospital at Dordrecht].

PMID- 13676960
TI  - [Opening of the St. Joseph Hospital in Doetinchem].

PMID- 13676961
TI  - [The relation of the sick care fund to the hospitals].

PMID- 13676962
TI  - [Surgery of a case of epiphrenic diverticulum of the esophagus].

PMID- 13676963
TI  - [An acute cancer following a burn: a conflicting opinion].

PMID- 13676964
TI  - [Congenital cataract induced experimentally by dinitrophenol].

PMID- 13676965
TI  - [Gonioscopic data in primary glaucoma].

PMID- 13676966
TI  - [Arterial blood pressure in plantation workers in North-East India].

PMID- 13676967
TI  - Instruction aids lay participation in liturgy.

PMID- 13676968
TI  - Steps in student orientation.

PMID- 13676969
TI  - Roots of prejudice against the handicapped.

PMID- 13676970
TI  - [A case of hernia].

PMID- 13676971
TI  - [Case of bilateral seminoma of the testicle].

PMID- 13676972
TI  - [Nevus pilosus].

PMID- 13676973
TI  - Depression of iodide uptake of the thyroid by thiocyanate through blocking of the
      energy supply.

PMID- 13676974
TI  - [Data for the study of human pulmonary adenomatosis].

PMID- 13676975
TI  - The adequacy of soya bean protein in promoting nitrogen retention in infancy;
      preliminary study.

PMID- 13676976
TI  - Relative sensitivity of acoustic nerve glia and Schwann cells in vitro to UV
      microirradiation.

PMID- 13676977
TI  - [Nelson & Mayer test (Treponema pallidum immobilization) for the diagnosis of
      syphilis: comparative study with classical serology in 567 cases].

PMID- 13676978
TI  - The detection of strabismus in a pre-school examination.

PMID- 13676979
TI  - [Basal ganglia: structure and functions].

PMID- 13676980
TI  - [Reaction of striatal (putamen) neurons on motor and non-motor fragments of
      behaviour in monkeys].
AB  - Each putamen neuron responded to several fragments of a behavioural programme,
      the pattern of such connections being not constant. The response could disappear
      in a different variant of the behavioural programme while a response to another
      fragment could occur. Therefore additional variants of the programme were
      followed by an increase in number of functional modality of a neuron. This was
      more obvious in motor fragments of the programme. The data obtained suggest that
      the putamen neurons have no particular specifics, and so involvement of its units
      in sensory-cognitive processes seem to be more stable than in organisation of
      movements.

PMID- 13676981
TI  - [Collective reactions of neostriatum (putamen) neurons to alternative behaviour
      in monkeys].
AB  - Significant differences were found in collective unit activity of 6 neostriatum
      neurons associated with performance of either left- or right-sided task by
      monkeys: at the moment of decision-making regarding the direction of the
      movement, and after its completion, irrespective of correctness of the choice.
      The differences at the moment of the programme completion were significantly
      greater than at the moment of the decision-making.

PMID- 13676982
TI  - [Substantia nigra neurons activity in cat brain during realization of self
      initiation of behavioural action].
AB  - Activity of 50 dopamine and 67 non-dopamine neurons was studied during motivated
      behavioural actions in the cat brain black substance. 66% of former and 88% of
      latter neurons modified their activity before and during autoinitiated voluntary
      movements. The data obtained suggest that dopamine neurons are involved in
      organisation of movements in behavioural actions with cognitive components.

PMID- 13676983
TI  - [Augmentation of cholinergic activity of the neostriatum alters established type
      of motor behaviour in animals].
AB  - Bilateral microinjections of carbacholine into dorsolateral portion of the
      caudate nucleus head reduced a phasic component, augmented a tonic component of
      instrumental response, inhibited interstimuluv raisings, normalised posture, and
      calmed down the dogs under study. They also improved differentiation of
      meaningful signals. Microinjections of scopolamine into the striatum induced
      opposite effects. Bilateral injections provided a longer lasting effect on both
      motor and sensory components of instrumental responses.

PMID- 13676984
TI  - [Large neurons of the human neostriatum and their role in the neural network].
AB  - 4 types of large interneurons (spidery, hairy, fanlike, and giant stretched) and
      2 types of large projection cells, were found in the adult human neostriatum.
      Their structural specifics, transmitters and role in the neostriatum network
      under normal conditions and in chorea and progressive supranuclear palsy, are
      discussed.

PMID- 13676985
TI  - [Spatial organisation of amygdaloid, nigral, and tegmental projections in the dog
      neostriatum].
AB  - Segments receiving projections from the limbic structures or from the formations
      involved mostly in motor activity, as well as the areas with overlapping terminal
      fields, were singled out in the dog caudate nucleus and putamen. The data
      obtained elucidate a morphological background of interaction between
      informational flows of various functional significance in striatal nuclei, as
      well as their functional heterogeneity.

PMID- 13676986
TI  - [Spatial organisation of the cortico-striatal projection system in the dog
      brain].
AB  - Cortico-striatal projections of the dog brain caudate nucleus and putamen were
      shown to originate from widespread cortical areas, the cells of the origin being
      located both in supra- and subgranular cortical layers. The "motor" and the
      "limbic" portions of the neostriatum were separated on the basis of their
      predominant projections from functionally different cortical areas, the fact
      suggesting a parallel processing in the frontal cortico-basal ganglionar
      circuits. The findings suggest presence of both convergence and divergence
      patterns in the parallel processing.

PMID- 13676987
TI  - [Role of enkephalinergic structures of the brain in regulation of motivated
      behaviour in rats with damaged serotoninergic neurons].
AB  - Enkephaline microinjections into the substance nigra or dorsal raphe nucleus
      improved extinction of conditioning in rate. The findings suggest an
      interrelationship between the brain enkephalinergic structures and improving of
      efficiency of the presynaptic inhibition in dopaminergic neurons.

PMID- 13676988
TI  - [Conditioned reflex dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens in rats with
      disrupted hippocampal formation].
AB  - Lesion of the hippocampal formation affects in different ways the dopamine
      release in response to the two phases of emotional conditioning: increases the
      acquisition and exerts no effect on the expression of the reflex in rats.

PMID- 13676989
TI  - [Role of the cholinergic system in the dorsal and ventral striatum of the brain
      in regulation of a learned movement in rats].
AB  - Administration of carbachol into the rat brain ventral striatum increased the
      number of movements with prolonged extension and decreased the number of short
      not reinforced movements, whereas the same administration into the dorsal
      striatum deteriorated slow movements. Scopolamine administration, irrespective of
      the site, increased the number of fast not reinforced movements. The findings
      suggest that cholinergic system of the rat ventral striatum is involved in the
      maintenance of the rat forepaw muscle tone.

PMID- 13676990
TI  - [Adenylate cyclase system of the striatum in rats: regulatory properties and
      effect of gangliosides].
AB  - Gpp[NH]p, forskolin, and NaF were found to activate the activity of adenylate
      cyclase in vitro in the membrane fraction of the striatum. Gangliosides decreased
      the level of basal activity of the striatal adenylate cyclase. Gangliosides were
      shown to modulate the activity of the enzyme through changes in its catalytic
      properties.

PMID- 13676991
TI  - [Morpho-functional study of the glutamatergic, cholinergic, and dopaminergic
      systems interaction in the striatum].
AB  - Interaction among glutamat-, cholin-, and dopaminergic systems in the neostriatum
      of white rats with unilateral local lesion of the mesostriatal dopaminergic
      system. Both synaptic and interneuronal non-synaptic interactions among the
      neurochemical systems under study, were revealed.

PMID- 13676993
TI  - [Possible mechanisms of delay in the voluntary movement initiation].
AB  - A delay in the movement initiation was shown to entail an augmentation of the N2
      wave ascending front and a delay in the ERPs P3 wave in frontal leads in healthy
      subjects and in parkinsonian patients. The modulation of the N2 wave seems to
      reflect inhibitory processes in frontal areas of the brain.

PMID- 13676992
TI  - [The importance of the caudate-temporal chain in different forms of cognitive
      activity in animals].
AB  - Destruction of associative caudato-temporal chain was shown to cause disorders in
      perceptive gnostic functions and thinking processes in freely behaving cats.

PMID- 13676994
TI  - [Effect of electrical stimulation of the caudate nucleus on the functionally
      identified neurons of the sensory-motor cortex in the cat brain].
AB  - Specifics of the caudate nucleus effect upon specific and unspecific responses of
      the cat brain sensory-motor cortex involves an individual inhibition and temporal
      modulation of unspecific activity of the cortical neurons, whereas specific
      responses of the same cells remain the same.

PMID- 13676995
TI  - [Regional distribution of the brain steady potential level in patients with
      Parkinson's disease].
AB  - Regional distribution of the brain steady potential level (SPL) was shown to
      depend on the predominant clinical symptom in parkinsonian patients. Those with
      prevailing bradykinesia revealed a statistically significant decrease in the SPL
      in the frontal area as compared with the healthy subjects or the patients with
      prevailing tremor.

PMID- 13676996
TI  - [Evolutionary morpho-physiology of the basal centers of the telencephalon in
      lower vertebrates (fishes)].

PMID- 13676997
TI  - [Activation of the striatum cholinergic system improves the differentiation of
      sound signals in dogs].

PMID- 13676998
TI  - [Effect of rat thalamus parafascicular nuclei destruction on active avoidance
      conditioning].

PMID- 13676999
TI  - [Effect of rat thalamus parafascicular nuclei destruction on instrumental food
      searching reflex].

PMID- 13677000
TI  - [Changes in the adrenergic innervation of cerebral arteries after exposure of the
      rat rostral neostriatal dopaminergic system].

PMID- 13677001
TI  - [Spatial organisation of afferent inputs of the limbic cortex in rats and cats].

PMID- 13677002
TI  - [Effect of intrastriatal administration of corticoliberin on behavioural
      components of stress].

PMID- 13677003
TI  - [Residual disorders in operant behaviour in recovery from MPTP-induced
      Parkinson's syndrome in monkeys].

PMID- 13677004
TI  - [History of organisation of national physiological journals (to 80th anniversary
      of the first issue of "I. M. Sechenov Russian Physiological Journal"].

PMID- 13677005
TI  - Tips on writing for a peer-reviewed journal.

PMID- 13677006
TI  - Medication nonadherence may lead to hospitalization.

PMID- 13677007
TI  - Pharmacological treatments for ADHD and the novel agent atomoxetine.

PMID- 13677008
TI  - Animals helping people. People helping animals. Interview by Shirley A. Smoyak.
AB  - 1. Counseling in the Country at the Gress Mountain Ranch provides both
      educational programs (i.e., animal-assisted activities) and counseling sessions
      (i.e., animal-assisted therapy). 2. Animals who participate in the educational
      and counseling sessions include Great Pyrenees, cats, goats, horses, and mules.
      3. Animals help people develop trust and overcome shyness. Sometimes the process
      is reciprocal. 4. Animals develop "specialist" roles, such as greeter or calming
      agent, and help people cope with their illnesses. Interacting with animals builds
      individuals' confidence and enhances their social skills.

PMID- 13677009
TI  - Use of a values history in approaching medical advance directives with
      psychiatric patients.
AB  - The Patient Self-Determination Act became federal law in 1990. However, many
      psychiatric facilities are just beginning to actively address the issue of
      medical advance directives. The term advance directives, for the purposes of this
      article, refers exclusively to medical advance directives. Psychiatric advance
      directives, which are related to issues such as involuntary hospitalization, are
      beyond the scope of this article.

PMID- 13677011
TI  - Evidence for nursing's journey into the future.

PMID- 13677010
TI  - Reclaiming control in stalking cases.
AB  - Some common myths about stalking are debunked on the basis of research. In light
      of such research, stalking is examined in terms of its prevalence, the degree to
      which it is a gendered phenomenon, the tactics stalkers use in their pursuit, the
      effects of such unwanted pursuit on victims, and the tactics victims typically
      use to manage such pursuit. Recommendations are made regarding these strategies.

PMID- 13677012
TI  - Nurses as knowledge workers. Interview by Kathy Malloch.

PMID- 13677013
TI  - The role of nursing licensure and certification in society.

PMID- 13677014
TI  - [Mechanisms of physical rehabilitation of patients with vestibular disorders].
AB  - The following methods of rehabilitation of patients with equilibrium disturbance
      have been analysed: 1) nonspecific exercise; 2) specific physical training to
      enhance the flow of impulses providing formation of the mechanism of the
      vestibular function compensation at the subconscious level; 3) specific training
      on the stabilographic platform based on the biological feedback principle. It was
      found that the most effective recovery of the statokinetic function was achieved
      under combination of the above methods. The effect manifested both in subjective
      improvement of the patients' general condition and objective response as shown by
      functional computed stabilometry.

PMID- 13677015
TI  - [Changes in morphofunctional condition of the cochlear vascular stripe in
      response to the ototoxic antibiotic].
AB  - The experiments were made on guinea pigs injected i.m. kanamycin for 7 and 14
      days in a dose 400 mg/kg. The cochleas of the guinea pigs were studied electron
      microscopically after 7- and 14-day courses of the antibiotic and 30 days after
      the end of aminoglycoside administration. To assess the vascular stripe (VS)
      function, the number of secretory vacuoles in apical cytoplasm of the marginal
      cells on the ultrathin sections was calculated. The animals which had got
      kanamycin for 7 days exhibited insignificant VS ultrastructural alterations, the
      number of vacuoles in the marginal cells (38.9 +/- 2.4) was higher than normal
      (33.9 +/- 1.5) but the difference was insignificant. After 14-day administration
      of the antibiotic VS of the animals had noticeable ultrastructural disorders of
      the interstitial and marginal cells and statistically significant (p < 0.01)
      suppression of secretory activity of the marginal cells (18.6 +/- 1.1). Natural
      reparative processes normalized ultrastructure of all types of VS cells 30 days
      after kanamycin discontinuation though secretion in the marginal cells remained
      significantly subnormal (the number of the vacuoles reduced to 23.4 +/- 1.7).
      Thus, aminoglycoside antibiotic kanamycin induces morphofunctional disorders in
      VS cells which do not return to normal after 30 days of follow-up.

PMID- 13677016
TI  - [Impairment of microbial environment of the colon in angiogenic cochleo
      vestibulopathies and lipid distress syndrome].
AB  - We studied structural and metabolic microbiocenosis of the colon in angiogenic
      cochleovestibulopathies and lipid distress-syndrome by gas-liquid chromatography
      estimation of the level and spectra of volatile fatty acids, secretory
      immunoglobulin A, coprological test in 47 patients. As a result, disbiotic
      affection of the intestine in lipid distress-syndrome is characterized, ways of
      microflora normalization are shown.

PMID- 13677017
TI  - [The condition of the auditory tube in patients with chronic purulent otitis
      media as shown by computed tomography].
AB  - Computed tomography (CT) was made in 25 patients with otitis media purulenta
      chronica (OMPC). Of them 17 patients had meso- or mesoepitympanitis and 8
      patients had the history of radical operations on the ear. At first, CT was made
      of the temporal bone without contrast medium, then with instillation of the
      contrast medium through the external acoustic meatus and tympanic cavity into the
      auditory tube. Native computer tomograms of the temporal bones of 43 persons
      without any middle ear pathology were used as control. Non-contrast computer
      tomograms showed air in the lumen of the bone part of the auditory tube of all
      the examinees. It was impossible to obtain the image of the cartilage part of the
      auditory tube. None of 25 OMPC patients showed the signs of peritubal
      pneumatisation while it was registered in 14 healthy controls. By CT data, 14 of
      17 patients with perforative OMPC had passable auditory tube even in aggravated
      inflammatory process, 3 of them had unpassable one. All 8 patients after radical
      operation had unpassable auditory tube. Thus, the method of contrast computer
      tomography determines passability of the auditory tube in the direction from the
      tympanic cavity to the nasopharynx and specifies the level of obstruction that is
      important to know before hearing improving operations of tympanoplasty type.
      Evaluation of the drainage function of the auditory tube basing on the time of
      evacuation of the contrast medium from the tympanic cavity to the nasopharynx was
      declared useless.

PMID- 13677018
TI  - [Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of nasal rhinorrhea].
AB  - 43 patients with nasal liquorrhea (NL) were admitted to and operated on using
      endonasal endoscopic technique in N. N. Burdenko Research Institute of
      Neurosurgery from 1999 to 2002. The diagnostic examination included nasal cavity
      endoscopy, biochemistry of glucose in nasal discharge. CT and MRT-cysternography,
      plain CT and MRT of the brain. By etiology, liquor fistulas were divided into
      spontaneous (n = 21), posttraumatic (n = 6) and iatrogenic (n = 16). The source
      of liquorrhea located in the sphenoidal sinus (n = 20), roof of the ethmoidal
      labyrinth (n = 10), cribriform plate (n = 12). A total of 47 operations and 4
      reoperations were made with application of the biological fibrin-thrombin glue
      tissucol. The maximal size of the defect in the base of the skull in this series
      reached 15 mm. Lumbar drainage, removed on postoperative day 5, on the average,
      was established during endoscopic endonasal plastic repair of the liquor fistula
      in 34 patients. In maximal follow-up of 3.5 years, a complete recovery was
      observed in 38 (88.4%) operated on patients. The main causes of unsatisfactory
      effectiveness of endonasal operations were the following: impossible
      visualization of the fistula in a deep lateral pocket of the sphenoidal sinus,
      compound pathology (nasal liquorrhea and tumor of the base of the skull),
      extensive multiple traumas of the bone structures of the base of the skull.

PMID- 13677019
TI  - [Application of ultrasonic cavitation in combined treatment of polypous
      rhinosinusitis].
AB  - Clinical data are available on 109 patients with different forms of polypous
      rhinosinusitis who have undergone ultrasonic cavitation (USC) of medicinal
      solutions (antiseptics, antibiotics) in the course of maxillary sinusotomy. USC
      cleared the sinus from necrotic tissues, depressed the growth of the polyps and
      pathogenic microflora. Long-term results of the combined treatment were studied
      in 78 patients. The disease recurred in 2 (2.5%) patients.

PMID- 13677020
TI  - [Polysomnographic results of surgical treatment of obstructive apnea syndrome].
AB  - The study was made of 20 patients suffering from mild, moderate and severe snore
      and obstructive sleep apnea. The patients were treated surgically but because
      their upper respiratory pathology varied the intervention consisted of several
      one-stage operations in the nasal cavity, nasopharynx and oropharynx. To remove
      nasal obstruction, operations on the nasal septum and/or turbinated bones were
      made. Pharyngeal surgery varied from uvulotomy and volumetric reduction of the
      soft palate thickness to uvulopalatopharyngoplasty with tonsillectomy. The
      results of polysomnography performed after surgical intervention confirmed
      efficacy of surgical treatment. A more than 2-fold decrease of the index
      apnea/hypopnea was registered in 75% patients with moderate and in 83% patients
      with a severe form of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

PMID- 13677021
TI  - [Immunity in children with acquired scarred stenosis of the larynx and cervical
      trachea].
AB  - Humoral immunity was studied in 63 children with acquired laryngotracheal
      stenosis 1 year 9 months to 14 years 8 months of age. The study discovered
      humoral immunity dysfunction which was most pronounced in patients who developed
      scary stenosis after critical care for acute stenotic laryngotracheobronchitis.
      It was found that if a child has allergy (atopy) in conduction of critical care
      requiring long-term nasotracheal intubation, he/she is at risk to develop scary
      stenosis.

PMID- 13677022
TI  - [Modern technologies in rehabilitation program for children with the lympho
      glottal ring pathology with recurrent respiratory diseases].
AB  - A method of laser therapy is proposed as a stage of rehabilitation for children
      (220 preschool 3-6-year-olds) with chronic adenoiditis frequently ill with acute
      respiratory viral infection. Magnetolaser therapy (Rikta-01 unit) was given for
      10 days twice a year. The efficacy of the treatment was assessed by activity of
      lysozyme, concentration of slgA of nasal secretion, nasocytogram. A 12-month
      follow-up confirmed a positive effect of laser therapy on immunity of the
      respiratory tract and clinical symptoms with reduction in the size of
      hypertrophic palatine tonsil.

PMID- 13677023
TI  - [Halotherapy in combined non-puncture therapy of patients with acute purulent
      maxillary sinusitis].
AB  - Halotherapy was applied for non-puncture treatment of 45 patients with acute
      purulent maxillary sinusitis. The response was evaluated by changes in clinico
      immunological, cytological, x-ray and bacteriological parameters. Halotherapy was
      found effective in the treatment of acute purulent maxillary sinusitis without
      puncture.

PMID- 13677024
TI  - [A technique of nasopharynx sealing in surgical interventions in the nasal cavity
      and paranasal sinuses].

PMID- 13677025
TI  - [Variety of surgical discoveries during procedures involving the ear with acute
      atypical latent mastoiditis].

PMID- 13677026
TI  - [Erespal effectiveness in exudative otitis media].
AB  - Standard conservative treatment of exudative otitis media (EOM) was performed in
      82 patients, but 44 of them received adjuvant fenspiride (erespal) in a dose 80
      mg per os 3 times a day for 10 days. Dynamic pure tone audiometry, tympanometry
      and subjective response demonstrated higher treatment efficiency in the erespal
      group. Therefore, it is recommended to include erespal in combined conventional
      therapy of EOM.

PMID- 13677027
TI  - [Shortening of rehabilitation after ENT operations by local anti-inflammatory and
      antibacterial therapy].

PMID- 13677028
TI  - [Noise level evaluation in acute ear trauma].
AB  - Subjective noise in the ears can be defined as a pathological acoustic sensation
      arising in the ear in different pathology of the acoustic analyzer. To make the
      treatment of the injury more effective, topical diagnosis of the acoustic
      analyzer affection is desirable.

PMID- 13677029
TI  - [Surgical strategies in persistent stenosis of cervical trachea].
AB  - Two methods of surgical treatment optimization can be used in patients with
      persistent stenosis of cervical trachea: 1) reconstruction of tracheal
      cartilaginous frame by means of insertion of the rings made of the rib
      autocartilage in the tissues adjacent to trachea, 2) hydromassage (pulsating
      change in the latex balloon serving as a stent which is placed in the trachea
      after its surgical recanalization). Hydromassage shortens duration of tracheal
      epithelization to 2-3 months. Positive results achieved with the above methods
      allow the authors to recommend them into wide clinical practice.

PMID- 13677030
TI  - [Clinico-immunological effects of cryosurgery in chronic hypertrophic
      pharyngitis].
AB  - The authors observed a clinico-immunological effect of cryosurgical treatment for
      chronic hypertrophic pharyngitis resistant to previous conservative therapy.
      Cryosurgery results in the patients' recovery with normalization of basic indices
      of local and systemic immune defense to day 30. Thus, cryosurgical treatment of
      patients with chronic hypertrophic pharyngitis has both clinical and
      immunological advantages over conservative treatment.

PMID- 13677031
TI  - [Long-term stay of a foreign body in the laryngopharynx].

PMID- 13677032
TI  - [Reconstructive surgery of facial defects with a free flap from the temporal
      muscle during surgical intervention of locally contained maxillary cancer].

PMID- 13677033
TI  - [Pyocele of the frontal sinus with extensive destruction of the anterior,
      posterior and paranasal sinus bone walls].

PMID- 13677034
TI  - [Chemodectoma (paraganglioma) of the hard palate].

PMID- 13677035
TI  - Collective violence: whose responsibility?

PMID- 13677036
TI  - The quality management and health promotion practice nexus.

PMID- 13677037
TI  - Contemporary physical activity.

PMID- 13677038
TI  - Changing health determinants through community action: power, participation and
      policy.

PMID- 13677039
TI  - Online college courses: great for some people-not so great for others.

PMID- 13677040
TI  - [Needs assessment for continuing education and health promotion training for
      Senegalese chief nurses].
AB  - This study, whose purpose is to contribute to improving chief nurses' (ICP,
      French acronym) performance and practice in the realm of health promotion, was
      conducted in the medical region of Kaolak in Senegal. The objective is to
      identify the needs for ICP's continuing education and health promotion training
      and to delineate their priorities. This is a descriptive study characterised by a
      combined methodology which integrates a qualitative phase and a quantitative
      phase, in which six continuing education and training experts and 74 ICPs working
      in the region participated respectively. The method initially allowed the team to
      identify what are in theory the different types of health promotion skills that
      ICPs have, to validate this typology and it's contents through an expert panel
      and to adjust this to the practice of nursing at the community level in the
      Senegalese national context. Second, the range of training needs were measured by
      the ICPs and the classification of abilities was established in order of
      priority. This study allows for a comprehensive and detailed listing of needs for
      continuing education and training among Senegalese ICPs based on consensus on
      what their abilities are. The study also suggests that nurses' initial education
      and training be adapted and continuing education and training be established.

PMID- 13677041
TI  - [Development and evaluation of the use of an interactive CD-ROM for students at
      risk of disease related to occupational hazards: the case of asthma].
AB  - Within the framework of an informational programme on the risks of asthma
      associated with certain occupations (hairdresser, carpenter or baker), an
      interactive CD-ROM was developed for senior students of these professions. Among
      the schools who benefited from this information, the programme chose three to
      evaluate. A total of 113 students between the ages of 17 and 20 filled out a
      questionnaire and participated in a group discussion after the session. All of
      the students were able even though only 48% regularly use a computer. More than
      95% of the participants were satisfied with the content, the academic approach
      proposed and the interactive support, which is flexible and contains a self-test.
      The students found the CD-ROM to be a more efficient means of retaining
      information than classic lectures. As for the evaluation of the knowledge
      acquired on asthma and the workplace, half of the students said they had
      considerably increased their knowledge on the illness, while 47% only saw a minor
      increase. This statement was confirmed through the correlation of scores obtained
      in the pre- and post-programme exams, whose results show a statistically
      significant increase in knowledge. Despite the academic value the students gave
      to this type of learning, the advantage of this kind of pedagogical tool are also
      to be considered given that is easy for teachers to learn how to use the
      technology and teach it. Nowadays it is so simple to produce multimedia support
      for computers, that this method can be easily developed for a target audience and
      at low cost.

PMID- 13677042
TI  - [To publish in English: a necessity and a challenge].

PMID- 13677043
TI  - Virus structure. Preface.

PMID- 13677044
TI  - Viral assembly using heterologous expression systems and cell extracts.

PMID- 13677045
TI  - Hybrid vigor: hybrid methods in viral structure determination.

PMID- 13677046
TI  - Determination of icosahedral virus structures by electron cryomicroscopy at
      subnanometer resolution.

PMID- 13677047
TI  - Structural folds of viral proteins.

PMID- 13677048
TI  - Virus particle dynamics.

PMID- 13677049
TI  - Viral genome organization.

PMID- 13677050
TI  - Mechanism of scaffolding-assisted viral assembly.

PMID- 13677051
TI  - Molecular mechanisms in bacteriophage T7 procapsid assembly, maturation, and DNA
      containment.
AB  - Bacteriophage T7 is a double-stranded DNA bacteriophage that has attracted
      particular interest in studies of gene expression and regulation and of
      morphogenesis, as well as in biotechnological applications of expression vectors
      and phage display. We report here studies of T7 capsid assembly by cryoelectron
      microscopy and image analysis. T7 follows the canonical pathway of first forming
      a procapsid that converts into the mature capsid, but with some novel variations.
      The procapsid is a round particle with an icosahedral triangulation number of 7
      levo, composed of regular pentamers and elongated hexamers. A singular vertex in
      the procapsid is occupied by the connector/portal protein, which forms 12-fold
      and 13-fold rings when overexpressed, of which the 12-mer appears to be the
      assembly-competent form. This vertex is the site of two symmetry mismatches:
      between the connector and the surrounding five gp 10 hexamers; and between the
      connector and the 8-fold cylindrical core mounted on its inner surface. The
      scaffolding protein, gp9, which is required for assembly, forms nubbin-like
      protrusions underlying the hexamers but not the pentamers, with no contacts
      between neighboring gp9 monomers. We propose that gp9 facilitates assembly by
      binding to gp10 hexamers, locking them into a morphogenically correct
      conformation. gp9 is expelled as the procapsid matures into the larger, thinner
      walled, polyhedral capsid. Several lines of evidence implicate the connector
      vertex as the site at which the maturation transformation is initiated: in vivo,
      maturation appears to be triggered by DNA packaging whereby the signal may
      involve interaction of the connector with DNA. In the mature T7 head, the DNA is
      organized as a tightly wound coaxial spool, with the DNA coiled around the core
      in at least four and perhaps as many as six concentric shells.

PMID- 13677052
TI  - Conformational changes in enveloped virus surface proteins during cell entry.

PMID- 13677053
TI  - Enveloped viruses.

PMID- 13677054
TI  - Studying large viruses.
AB  - In this article we have attempted to describe some structural aspects of large
      viruses. Although this may seem a straightforward task, it is complicated by the
      fact that large viruses do not represent a distinctive class of organisms and any
      grouping under this heading will include a range of unrelated viruses with
      different structures, replication strategies, and host types. To simplify matters
      we limited our definition to dsDNA viruses with genomes of 100 kbp or larger.
      However, even this restricted grouping includes viruses with diverse and
      seemingly unrelated structures. Furthermore, few if any structural features are
      exclusive to large viruses and most of what appears distinctive about their
      structure or assembly can also be found in smaller, and usually better
      characterized, viruses. Therefore we have not attempted to provide a
      comprehensive catalog of the properties of large viruses but have tried to
      illustrate particular structural points with examples from a few of the better
      known forms, notably herpes simplex virus (HSV) and phage T4. The two techniques
      used to provide rigorous analyses of virus structures are X-ray crystallography
      and electron cryomicroscopy with computer-assisted reconstruction. To date, X-ray
      crystallography has been successful only with smaller viruses, and what is known
      about the structures of these large viruses has come primarily from electron
      cryomicroscopy. However, with the notable exception of the HSV capsid, such
      studies have been limited in extent and of relatively low resolution, and the
      information obtained has been confined largely to describing the spatial
      distributions and relationships between the subunits. Nevertheless, these studies
      have given us our clearest insights into the biology of these complex particles
      and increases in resolution promise to extend these insights by bridging the gap
      between gross and atomic structures, as exemplified by the identification and
      mapping of secondary structural elements in the HSV capsid.

PMID- 13677055
TI  - Structural studies on antibody-virus complexes.

PMID- 13677056
TI  - Structural basis of nonenveloped virus cell entry.

PMID- 13677057
TI  - Persistent nonmalignant pain: implications and opportunities for managed care.

PMID- 13677058
TI  - Identifying suboptimal management of persistent pain from integrated claims data:
      a feasibility study.

PMID- 13677059
TI  - Health care costs associated with suboptimal management of persistent pain.

PMID- 13677060
TI  - Applying the PAIN indicators in a managed care setting to improve pain
      management.
AB  - The PAIN indicators create an excellent platform for identifying appropriate
      patients for whom pain management should be improved within a health plan. The
      PAIN indicators can be applied efficiently to standard health plan integrated
      claims data from which a health plan can implement a flexible, phased approach to
      improving pain management. The program also can be expanded beyond OA and
      persistent LBP to affect a broader high-risk group with evidence of poorly
      controlled pain. Pain management has traditionally been an area that has been
      difficult to target; therefore, pain-specific quality-management initiatives have
      not been implemented in most health plans. The PAIN indicators can serve as a
      valuable health plan tool that can be readily implemented and will allow a health
      plan to advance its overall quality of care in the important area of pain
      management.

PMID- 13677061
TI  - The use of internal investigations--an overview primer.

PMID- 13677062
TI  - Distribution and occurrence of diatom community along three estuaries of Dakshina
      Kannada, west coast of India.
AB  - The present paper deals with the collection and identification of Diatoms
      (Bacillariophyceae) of three estuaries at Dakshina Kannada district, (Karnataka).
      The studies were carried out for a period of one year extending between November
      1994 to December 1995. A total of 33 taxa belonging to 24 genera were recorded
      from three different estuaries. The highest number of diatom taxa were recorded
      from H1 & G1 estuaries and the most common diatom genera observed at all the
      stations were Coscinodiscus sp., and Cheatoceros sp.,. The various ecological
      parameters analysed are discussed.

PMID- 13677063
TI  - Development of low cost all glass recirculation systems for environmental
      applications.
AB  - Some simple glassware has been developed for recirculation of liquid medium.
      These glassware have wider applications and have been tested in experiments
      involving leaching, biodegradation, and desulfurization. The fabrication cost is
      minimum and can be developed in a small glassware workshop. Such a development
      has certain advantages as no separate mechanical devices are needed, the flow can
      be easily monitored due to transparency of the apparatus, acidic or alkaline
      medium can also be circulated. The paper discusses the development, design and
      fabrication of some specialized glass recirculation systems and its environmental
      applications.

PMID- 13677064
TI  - A study on coastal attrition of Dakshina Kannada district using remote sensing
      and GIS.
AB  - Mangalore is one of the important coastal towns in Dakshina Kannada along the
      west coast of India situated at the mouth of Nethravathi-Gurpur estuary. The
      remote sensing and GIS (Geographical Information System) is a powerful tool to
      monitor coastal changes by continuous observation. A study has been carried out
      on the shoreline changes and coastal processes operating in the Dakshina Kannada
      coast using remote sensing and GIS technique. Survey of India topographical map
      of 1967 and IRS 1B, LISS II 1993 imagery (Geocoded) both on the scale of 1:50000
      has been analysed to elucidate and quantify erosion and accretion in the study
      area. Erosion is observed at southern spit (Ullal) upto Talapadi and also
      northern spit (Bengre) upto New Mangalore Port. Accretion is observed at north of
      New Mangalore Port. Gradual shifting of the estuarine mouth of Nethravathi-Gurpur
      to the north is also observed. The changes could be attributed to human
      interference by way of constructing coastal structures.

PMID- 13677065
TI  - Mechanical, physico-chemical and microbial analysis of oil refinery waste
      receiving agricultural soil.
AB  - The mechanical, physico-chemical characteristics of soil and the activity of
      indigenous microflora were studied in the agricultural soil steadily receiving
      petroleum refinery effluent at Mathura, U.P, India The data on the soil grain
      size and texture revealed that the soil in the test region was basically loam or
      silty loam. Physic-chemical analysis showed considerable variability in the soil
      pH, temperature, moisture content and water holding capacity (WHC). A
      substantially higher microbial activity was noticed at the test sites as evident
      from the total variable (10(5) to 10(9) CFU g-1 soil) bacterial population. In
      addition, a significant population of proteolytic and cellulolytic bacteria,
      rhizobium and actinomycetes was detected. Oligotrophs were isolated and
      characterized into four types (I-IV). A fraction of oligotrophic bacteria,
      particularly those belonging to type II and type IV exhibited appreciable in
      distilled water. Invariably higher microbial biomass ranging from 366 to 1604 mg
      CO2. 100 g-1 soil, clearly implied that the soil in the test region was very well
      nourished and the refinery waste was providing enough nitrites to support the
      growth of soil microflora.

PMID- 13677066
TI  - Modelling of Buckingham Canal water quality.
AB  - The paper presents a case study of the modelling of the water quality of a canal
      situated in a petrochemical industrial complex, which receives wastewaters from
      Madras Refineries Limited (MRL), and Madras Fertilizers Limited (MFL). The canal
      well known Buckingham Canal which passes through Chennai (Madras), India has been
      modelled using the software QUAL2E-UNCAS. After testing and validation of the
      model, simulations have been carried out. The exercise enables forecasting the
      impacts of different seasons, base flows, and waste water inputs on the water
      quality of the Buckingham Canal. It also enables development of water management
      strategies.

PMID- 13677067
TI  - Toxicity of a rice field herbicide in some nitrogen-fixing algae.
AB  - The incorporation of diquat into cultures of Nostoc muscorum and Cylindrospermum
      sp. Proved to be highly toxic. The range of various concentrations employed
      varies from 1 microgram/ml 15 micrograms/ml. Relatively higher does (above 5
      micrograms/ml) reduced the chlorophyll a content and a progressive decrease in
      algal growth and ultimately complete lysis of the cells was recorded with the
      increasing level of the herbicide. A concentration of 15 micrograms/ml has been
      found to be algicidal for both the test organism.

PMID- 13677068
TI  - Drainage characteristics of Hirehalla basin, Shimoga district, Karnataka.
AB  - In order to understand the dynamics of Hirehalla watershed, an attempt has been
      made to study drainage characteristics. The linear, areal and relief aspects of
      the basin have been analysed and compared with other climatic factors.

PMID- 13677069
TI  - Assessment of the quality of sewage effluents from dry weather flow channel,
      Calcutta.
AB  - The quality of sewage effluent of Dry weather Flow channel, Calcutta in respect
      of salinity, sodicity, chloride, sulphate and bicarbonate toxicity and heavy
      metal hazards was assessed in order to utilize it for irrigation. Although raw
      sewage in the winter season was toxic in respect of chlorides, sulphates,
      bicarbonate, BOD, COD; its dilution in the monsoon decreased the toxicity hazards
      considerably, making it worth using for irrigation. The sewage effluents were
      rich in N and K, but poor in P status with marginal concentrations of
      micronutrients (Fe, Cu, Zn & Mn). Heavy metal contents of the soil treated with
      effluents were also studied.

PMID- 13677070
TI  - Prevalence & distribution of aeromonads in different chlorinated water samples.
AB  - Four different sites were selected for sampling of water samples--river, pond,
      hand-pump, and municipal water. These were analyzed for physico-chemical and
      bacteriological parameters with special reference to aeromonads following
      standard methods. Chlorinated disinfectants in the form of powder and liquid
      (drops) were used for the treatment. Out of which powdered forms were found to be
      more effective. Although chlorination reduced the density of aeromonads to some
      extent but still its presence cannot be behold.

PMID- 13677071
TI  - Chromium removal and reduction in COD of tannery effluents.
AB  - Tannery effluents are highly polluting and contain chromium and high COD and BOD.
      Alkalotolerant/alkalophilic actinomycetes NCIM 5080 and NCIM 5109 have been shown
      earlier to tolerate and accumulate chromium during growth also produce alkaline
      protease in presence of chromium ions. These properties of the isolates are
      suitable for treatment of tannery effluents which are alkaline and contain
      chromium and proteinaceous matter. Both the actinomycetes are able to grow in
      undiluted tannery effluents and remove chromium almost completely and reduce the
      COD by 70-80% during growth as well as by pregrown biomass.

PMID- 13677072
TI  - Variability in physico-chemical parameters of Pachin river (Itanagar).
AB  - The concentration of water quality parameters in river and heavy metals in the
      bed sediment were measured for Pachin River for the three major flow periods. The
      pH, temperature (degree C), conducity (microS cm-1), DO, COD, NH3, PO4, total
      hardeness and alkalinity (mg/L) were found in the range of 12 to 22, 6.90 to
      7.69, 25 to 211, 5.0 to 12.5, 10-115, 1.2 to 12.0, 0.05 to 0.62, 14 to 45, and 12
      to 35, respectively. The heavy metals as Zn and Se showed an enrichment of 1 to
      25, and 5 to 120, with concentration (microgram/g) range of 8 to 385 and 0.5 to
      6.0, for the respective metal, in the labile fraction of the bed sediment. The
      variability in the physico-chemical parameters for different flow periods may be
      assigned to dilution of river water by direct runoff, human activities and
      organic load. The correlation study of physico-chemical parameters shows that
      their source of entering the river system is the same whether it may be a natural
      or anthropogenic or both.

PMID- 13677073
TI  - Federal bill would increase access to NPs.

PMID- 13677074
TI  - Medicare rules on current role of NPs in hospice care.

PMID- 13677075
TI  - ANA weighs in on medical malpractice.

PMID- 13677076
TI  - Saving time with a PDA.

PMID- 13677077
TI  - Defending yourself against a BON complaint.

PMID- 13677078
TI  - Echinacea: immune effects need more research.

PMID- 13677079
TI  - Get paid for diagnostic services.

PMID- 13677080
TI  - Noninvasive hearing testing.

PMID- 13677081
TI  - Optimizing psychotropic use in older adults. Strategies for nurse practitioners.

PMID- 13677082
TI  - Asthma training for nurse practitioner students. A strategy to improve pediatric
      outcomes.

PMID- 13677083
TI  - Getting paid. An overview of the reimbursement process.

PMID- 13677084
TI  - Winning legislative battles for billing authority. How North Carolina NPs gained
      victory.

PMID- 13677085
TI  - Mental health in primary care. How to bill for services.

PMID- 13677086
TI  - Shutting out athletic injury. Keys to healthy sports participation.

PMID- 13677087
TI  - Inpatient blood glucose testing. Issues NPs should consider.

PMID- 13677088
TI  - Safeguarding patients with electronic medical records. Using technology to direct
      care.

PMID- 13677089
TI  - Patient information. Calcium and strong bones.

PMID- 13677090
TI  - Cough suppressant abuse. Are your prescriptions for sale?

PMID- 13677091
TI  - How do you know when professional boundaries have been crossed?

PMID- 13677093
TI  - [Extensive aganglionosis. Treatment and long term results].
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Extensive aganglionosis (EA) that affects the total colon
      (including or not part of the small intestine), shows more diagnostic problems
      and it is associated to higher morbidity and mortality rates than the classic
      cases of Hirschsprung disease (ED). This study takes into account last years
      cases and their results in the medium and long term. MATERIAL AND METHODS:
      Between 1983 and 2000, 232 patients suffering ED have been treated. 15 out of
      those 232 patients showed EA. We took into consideration the diagnosis, surgical
      procedures, enterocolitis before and after the treatment, the surgical technique
      and the complications. We analyze the nutritional state and the long term result
      according to clinical bowel function scoring system continency Scale, considering
      the surgical possibilities depending on each case. RESULTS: Two patients died due
      to septics complications, one of them during the neonatal period and the other
      one at the age of 3. Two other cases became possible candidates to an intestinal
      transplantation due to the extension of their disease. Five out of the 11 left
      patients had more than 30 cm of small intestine involved, and another five had
      involved less than 30 cm from ileocecal valve. The last case showed a total
      colonic aganglionosis with associated intestinal neuronal displasia. One case was
      associated with S. Ondine and another one with a 21 triosomia. Two of the
      patients were brothers and another patient has got a brother suffering from
      rectosigmoid HD. The surgical techniques used with 13 were: 8 cases using Lester
      Martin modification (one of them needed redo procedure because of anastomosis
      leak and perineal fistula), 4 Swenson procedure and one patient was treated by
      Ziegler's miectomy with prolongated miotomy. Nine of the patients mentioned
      before, lead a quite life (five L, Martin, 4 Swenson); 2 patients suffering
      frequent fecal retention crisis. 5 out of the 11 reviewed cases, show a weight
      and height p > or = 50, 2 below p50, 2 below p25, and 2 under p3. CONCLUSION: EA
      represents a small percentage of Hirschsprung disease. Although Martin
      modification is the most widely employed technique in cases of distal ileal
      involvement, Swenson procedure has provided good results in the long term follow
      up with few complications. Intestinal transplantation may be the only choice for
      long term survival in patients with near total intestinal aganglionosis.
      Continence improves in the follow-up but few times is normal. Nutritional state
      should be-controlled by a specialized team.

PMID- 13677094
TI  - [Giant congenital nevus: past, present and future].
AB  - INTRODUCTION: The suitable cutaneous covering for big defects secondary to the
      removal of giant pigmented lesions has not been obtained yet. Nevus that affect a
      corporal surface bigger than 75%, have no curative treatment and in the cases of
      smaller nevus therapeutical possibilities are complex, take too much time and
      provide unfavourable aesthetic results. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Nineteen patients
      suffering giant congenital nevus (GCN) have been treated in the last eight years.
      The GCN affected back (8), scalp (3), face and neck (3), extremities (2), thorax
      and abdomen (2) and buttocks (1). RESULTS: There has been no melanoma case and
      all the cases showed a congenital melanocitic nevus as histological result, with
      plexiforme underlying plexiform neurofibroma in two of them. The treatment was:
      removal using expansors (6), removal and skin graft (5), multiple sequential
      removals (7), and removals using a covering of cultured keratinocites (1).
      CONCLUSION: To sum up, it is essential to choose the technique depending on the
      individual, taking into account the location, measurement, age and social
      conditions. In addition to that, the treatment shouldd be the earliest, the most
      effective, the fastest and the most secure. Moreover, it is very important to
      know every surgical technique well.

PMID- 13677095
TI  - [Immunohistochemical study of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis].
AB  - INTRODUCTION: In spite of the clinical experience about infantil Hypertrophic
      Pyloric Stenosis (IHPS), its etiopathology remains unknown. Recent studies have
      been focussed in immunohistochemistry techniques for valuing the neuronal
      development in the pyloric muscle. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We took biopsy from 10
      babies diagnosed of IHPS and 10 babies with similar age, died because of other
      causes. Immunohistochemical study was performed using monoclonal antibodies: S100
      protein, GFAP, enolasa and neurofilaments NF. The results were showed semi
      quantitativement as strong (++), moderate (+) and absent (-). Immunotinction of
      the myenteric plexus (ganglion cells and satellite) and nervous fibers of the
      muscle layer, were done. RESULTS: We observed a poor immunoreactivity in the
      muscle layer (longitudinal and circular) in the 60-70% of specimens of pyloric
      muscle in babies with IHPS. GFAP were absent in the 80% in the myenteric plexus.
      This poor innervation may be related to the etiopathogenesis of pyloric stenosis
      and hypertrophy.

PMID- 13677096
TI  - [Involvement of betamimetics in increased survival during fetal surgery in
      sheep].
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Fetal surgery is a therapeutic reality. Available only in a few
      centres worldwide. Experimental animal models are needed to continue research in
      this field. The target problem being the control of preterm labour. OBJECTIVES:
      To find a tocolytic drug regimen in order to reduce fetal loss. MATERIAL AND
      METHODS: Pregnant sheep were divided randomly in two groups. At a gestation age
      of seventy days sheep were operated in order to create a myelomeningocel model in
      the fetus. Follow-up with weekly amniocentesis guided by ultrasound scan. Group A
      (n = 6) were treated pre and post-op with indomethacine and with magnesium
      sulphate during surgery and in the following 24 hours. Group B (n = 8) were
      treated with diclofenac pre-op, and post-op with ritodrine until the end of
      pregnancy. RESULTS: Group A we find a survival rate 50% (n = 3) being 87% (n = 7)
      in group B. Fetal weight being higher in group A. We find an increase heart rate
      and a weight loss in both the fetus and mother in group B. Urea and creatinine
      amniotic fluid levels were increase in group B. CONCLUSIONS: The use of ritodrine
      as a tocolytic agent reduces fetal loss significantly. Ritodrine increases fetal
      and mother cardiac output causing weight loss.

PMID- 13677097
TI  - [Endoscopic treatment of tracheo-esophageal fistulas: fact or fiction?].
AB  - Tracheo-esophageal fistulas as a sequelae of esophageal atresia surgery are
      usually a severe complication whose correction requires an important surgical
      aggression, often with uncertain results. The possibility of treating this
      problem through the use of non-aggressive endoscopic methods has been described
      in medical literature over the last years, applying several products for
      occlusion with conflicting results in different publications. We present three
      cases of tracheo-esophageal fistulas, describing the technique of trans-tracheal
      endoscopic approach based on the novelty of employing a laryngeal mask which
      facilitates ventilation during the procedure, as well as the possibility to use
      endoscopic material of greater diameter. We comment on the different occlusion
      materials employed (Tissucol & Histoacryl) and the difficulties of their
      management. In one case two attempts of occlusion were made, and three in the
      other two, varying the application method and product. In two cases the fistulas
      initially reopened and in the other an occlusion was demonstrated by esophagogram
      and remission of respiratory symptoms during eight months was achieved. In a
      posterior control, a thread-like fistula reappeared but did not affect clinical
      improvement. The possibility to employ endoscopic techniques always seemed very
      promising for this type of pathology. The appearance on the market of various
      substances with capacity of occlusion has allowed us to employ them in
      comparative studies and simultaneously test the efficacy of the laryngeal mask in
      this kind of situations. The results show the complete ineffectiveness of some of
      these products and the relative possibilities of others, although in our
      experience we have yet to achieve any definitive occlusion.

PMID- 13677098
TI  - [Testicular and epididymal appendages. Contribution about it's embryology and
      pathogenesis].
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The testicular appendages are structures with biologic activity and
      with the possibility to become ischaemic or to degenerate before determined
      stimulus. Laterly, we have seen an apparent increase in our cases of torsion of
      testicular appendages. The said, together with the questions about embriology and
      pathogenesis of this structures, encourage us to do this work. PATIENTS AND
      METHODS: 1- Retrospective clinical study of patients operated of torsion of
      testicular appendages, from January 1984 to December 2001. We asses age, year of
      operation and clinical features. 2- Prospective clinical study of patients
      operated of torsion of testicular appendages, between March 1999 and March 2000.
      We asses age, time of evolution, degree of ischaemia, nutritional status, sexual
      maturity stage and testicular volume. 3- Inmunocytochemical study of testicular
      and epididymal appendages. We identified the oestrogen receptors. RESULTS: There
      is a meaningful increase in the yearly incidence of ischaemia of testicular
      appendages. The mean age of the patients was 9.3 +/- 2.5 years, similar alone of
      the study. In the patients of group 2, the mean time of evolution was 49.2 +/-
      46.6 hours. The appendages showed oedema and several degrees of ischaemia in the
      absence of torsion (14/21). The body mass index was 19.5 +/- 3.7, and 90% of
      patients had stages I and II of Tanner. The mean of testicular volume was 2.1 +/-
      1.6 ml. By means of inmunocytochemical study we identified oestrogen receptors in
      7 of all testicular appendages studied and absence of oestrogen receptors in all
      epididymal appendages. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical syndrome of the acute scrotum in
      the majority of cases is due to oedema and ischemia of the appendages, in absence
      of torsion, probably related to its enlargement in response to hormonal
      stimulation, at least in some grade, in prepubertal boys. The difference found,
      related to oestrogen receptors, suggest a different origin for testicular and
      epididymal appendages.

PMID- 13677099
TI  - [Results of kidney transplantation in children weighing less than 11 kilograms].
AB  - Weigh and age are risk factors of graft failure. The aim of the study is to
      review the characteristics and the outcome of cadaver renal transplant in
      children weighing less than 11 Kg. From 1985 to 1999 10 cadaver renal transplant
      were performed in 10 children (7 boys and 3 girls). Primary renal disease were
      renal dysplasia(3), posterior urethral valves(5) and congenital nephrotic
      syndrome(2). All except two suffered end stage disease from birth. The cadaver
      donor age ranged from 4 to 45 years (mean 12.3). Cold ischaemia time was 14 to 30
      hours (median 22.8 h). Grafts were placed extraperitoneally in the iliac fossa in
      all patients and special care was taken in aggressive intravascular volume
      expansion. In the first 5 children initial immunosuppression consisted of CyA, Pd
      and Aza. After 1991, the other five received sequential induction therapy with
      polyclonal antibodies and triple therapy (CyA, Pd, Aza). Renal function was
      evaluated as GFR yearly by Swartz formula and the actuarial and graft survival
      rates were obtained by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Patient survival was 90% at 1 and
      10 years. Graft survival was 80% at 1 and 5 years; it decreased to 64% at 7
      years. Seven continue with their first graft and the mean follow-up time is 6.6
      years. Their renal function measured by the mean of GFR yearly decreased lightly
      from 102 ml/min/1.73 m2 at 1 year to 87.6 ml/min/1.73 m2 at 5 years. A successful
      patient and graft survival can be achieved in young receiving kidneys and small
      reciepients can improve their physical and mental development after
      transplantation.

PMID- 13677100
TI  - [Urodynamic evaluation of experimental bladder augmentation with seromuscular
      colocystoplasty].
AB  - INTRODUCTION: The use of de-epithelialized intestinal segment can avoid the
      complications associated of use to bowel segments for bladder augmentation.
      OBJECTIVE: We designed an experimental model New Zealand rabbit with previously
      reduced bladder capacity, and afterward we performed augmentation cystoplasty
      with urodynamics comparative effectiveness demucosalized and conventional
      colocystoplasty techniques. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In thirty-six male New Zealand
      rabbits fifty percent reduction cystoplasty was carried out. A month later the
      animals had bladder augmentation. They were randomly divided in two groups: 18
      rabbits (group 1) underwent conventional colocystoplasty. In 18 rabbits (group 2)
      autoaugmentation procedure and demucosalized colocystoplasty was performed. All
      animals were sacrificed at 8 weeks of bladder augmentation. Urodynamics studies
      were practiced at beginning of each operation in all of them. RESULTS: Nine
      rabbits died and twenty-seven were evaluated: 14 rabbits group-1 and thirteen of
      group-2. The average increase in bladder capacity was 63% in group-1 under
      conventional colocystoplasty and 17% in group-2 demucosalized colocystoplasty.
      Average compliance improved to 141% in group-1 and 38% in group-2. CONCLUSIONS:
      In this study with "small bladder" New Zealand rabbit, the seromuscular
      colocystoplasty has poor urodynamics result in improving capacity and compliance
      bladder but conventional colocystoplasty has result effective.

PMID- 13677101
TI  - [Usefulness of transrectal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of anomalies of
      intersexual conditions].
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Between the external genital exploration and the internal genital
      direct vision, through laparoscopia, there is a black point which is the pelvic
      floor; we have to know whether there is a vagina or not, what it is like and
      where it arrives at. The reason for this research is to present our experience
      with the transrectal ecography, which allows us a very good exploration of the
      pelvic floor. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We present 6 patients, the youngest is 16
      months old and the oldest is 19 years old, who have a diagnostic of 3 congenital
      adrenal hyperplasia (HSC), 2 gonadal dysgenesis and 1 vaginal agenesis (S.
      Rokitanski). Under sedation, we carried out a transrectal ecography with Aloka
      SSD650 ecograph and 7.5 MHz vaginal scanner. Ultrasone. RESULTS: In case of HSC
      (16 months old), the transrectal ecography showed the vaginal arrival at the
      urethra and we were able to measure the distance from the external sphincter. In
      the other two HSC, which had been surgically corrected, the transrectal ecography
      clearly showed the vagina (length and calibre). In the two gonadal dysgenesis
      (two 11-and-19-year-old sisters, the first of whom had undergone vulvo
      vaginoplasty, we appreciated the length of the vagina and, in the case of the
      sister with a relatively normal vagina, we confirmed the presence of the vagina
      connected to the uterus. In the vaginal agenesis, in which a neovagina with
      amnion membrane had been carried out, which, in its turn, ended in a situation of
      hematometra due to a stenosis, the transrectal ecography was really helpful to
      obtain vaginal dilatations. CONCLUSIONS: Ecography is an easily available
      technique and provides both through and detailed information of the genital
      structures going through the pelvic floor, a zone which is otherwise difficult to
      explore. It was done under sedation for the patient's age and idiosyncrasy. The
      experience has just started but we are sure that in the future it will replace
      the genitograma.

PMID- 13677102
TI  - [Success of endoscopic management in vesicoureteral reflux, conditioned by
      ureteral dilatation].
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Endoscopic management has become an important alternative in the
      treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in children. Since 1995 we indicate it in our
      Hospital in children with grade II VUR (vesicoureteral reflux) after 1 year of
      medical management, in all children with grade III VUR and in children with grade
      IV VUR without reflux nephropathy. According to International Classification of
      reflux (IRSC), grade IV VUR differ to grade III mainly by the blunting of the
      calyces and the obliteration of sharp angle of the fornices. There may be seen in
      the high grades of reflux, important differences in the ureteral dilatation. AIM:
      The aim of this work is to study the influence of ureteral dilatation in the
      success of endoscopic management VUR. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A number of 245
      refluxing renal units (URR) were treated endoscopically in our Hospital from
      1995. We review the first 3.5 years (58 patients with 90 RRU). In a double blind
      study with the voiding cystourethrographies we graduated the ureteral dilatation
      in slight-normal, moderate and severe. The success rate after the first injection
      was compared between the 3 grades of ureteral dilatation. RESULTS: 3 patients had
      grade I VUR, 10 grade II, 54 grade III and 23 grade IV. After double blind study
      39 patients had slight-normal ureteral dilatation, 39 moderate and 12 severe.
      There were statistical differences between the 3 grades of ureteral dilatation
      when we consider: all the patients, considering only grade III and IV reflux and
      studying only the patients with grade III reflux. However there wasn't
      statistical differences between grade III and IV VUR of the International
      Classification. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that ureteral dilatation is an
      important prognostical factor of the success rate in the endoscopic management of
      vesicoureteral reflux in children.

PMID- 13677103
TI  - [Epidermoid splenic cysts and partial splenectomy].
AB  - We communicate two cases of epidermoid splenic cyst of great size in four and six
      years old children, with pain in right hypochondrium in one of them, having been
      casual the discovery of the other one in ultrasound study of the abdomen. In both
      cases the abdominal ultrasound study was the most useful exploration for its
      diagnosis. The surgical treatment by means of partial splenectomy and
      conservation of more than a third of the organ it has been feasible in both
      patients, with a favorable evolution and without complications. The
      histopathologic study confirmed the discovery of epidermoid spleen cysts. Later
      on a clinical, analytic pursuit has been made and of these patients image with a
      very satisfactory evolution.

PMID- 13677105
TI  - Emergency Medical Services DNR orders: what you always needed to know.

PMID- 13677104
TI  - [Intramural esophageal bronchogenic cyst: an unusual cause of dysphagia in
      pediatric patients. Report of a case].
AB  - Bronchogenic cyst a bronchopulmonary foregut malformation. An intramural
      esophageal localization has rarely been reported in respect to more common
      esophageal duplications or leiomyoma. The authors describe a case of bronchogenic
      cyst of the esophageal wall in a 3 years old girl. It was an misdiagnosed cause
      of dysphagia and was revealed by endoscopy and CT scan after two uneffective
      antireflux procedures performed in different institutions, which caused a
      worsening of symptoms. Complete excision of the lesion through a thoractomic
      approach and a redo of the antireflux procedure were followed by complete
      recovery.

PMID- 13677106
TI  - Universal health insurance--redux.

PMID- 13677107
TI  - Nursing's legacy of leadership in South Carolina. Mandate for nursing leadership
      in South Carolina.

PMID- 13677108
TI  - The BSN to Ph.D. Program: a new solution to the nursing faculty shortage at the
      Medical University of South Carolina.

PMID- 13677109
TI  - Are you computer-competent?

PMID- 13677111
TI  - Health Care without Harm.

PMID- 13677112
TI  - Can nurse practitioners fill the gap in paediatric care?

PMID- 13677113
TI  - Has the NHS learnt from its mistakes?

PMID- 13677114
TI  - Intermediate care. How nurses fit in.

PMID- 13677115
TI  - The epidemiology and control of hepatitis C infection.
AB  - Hepatitis C is a global public health problem, and a major cause of chronic
      hepatitis. The virus can cause cirrhosis, liver failure and primary liver cancer.
      Combination therapy is effective in 50-60 per cent of patients with chronic
      infection. Prevention initiatives should target high-risk groups, such as
      injecting drug users.

PMID- 13677116
TI  - What you need to know about ... peritonitis.

PMID- 13677117
TI  - Assessment of a limb in a cast.

PMID- 13677118
TI  - Falls in older people: taking a multidisciplinary approach.
AB  - The pathology of falls in older people is often complex and multifactorial.
      However, falls should not be viewed as an inevitable consequence of ageing. Risk
      factors can be identified and reduced by taking a multidisciplinary approach. The
      repercussions after a fall can be far-reaching for individuals, their support
      network and the NHS. The physical after-effects of a fall are well understood,
      but the subsequent threats to mental and social well-being are, arguably, more
      prevalent.

PMID- 13677119
TI  - Meeting the requirements for becoming a nurse lecturer.
AB  - Career planning is essential for nurses considering a change in role, as it
      provides direction and enables them to use time and money efficiently. This
      article describes a survey of 25 universities in which each participating
      institution was asked to comment on the required characteristics of nurse
      lecturers. The results should be useful to nurses who are planning to become
      nurse lecturers in the future.

PMID- 13677120
TI  - A helping hand for new fathers.

PMID- 13677121
TI  - 'We're empowering, patients with COPD'.

PMID- 13677122
TI  - Recognising the signs of skin cancer.
AB  - Skin cancer is the most common cancer in the UK, with about 100,000 cases
      reported each year (UK Skin Cancer Working Party, 2001). There are three main
      types of skin cancer, which can be divided into two categories: non-melanoma
      (basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma) and melanoma skin cancer.
      Basal cell carcinoma is the most common and accounts for about 80 per cent of all
      skin cancers. Malignant melanoma is the least common type of skin cancer,
      accounting for about five per cent of all skin cancers. However, it has a high
      mortality rate because of its aggressive nature (Krige et al, 1991).

PMID- 13677123
TI  - Understanding the structure and function of the skin.
AB  - The skin is the body's largest organ. It measures about 1.5-2 m2 in adults and
      weighs about 15 per cent of total body weight. It is home to up to three million
      micro-organisms per cm2, which feed on its scales and secretions. Understanding
      this fascinating organ's functions will help us to assess patients' skin and
      evaluate its potential for healing following injury or disease.

PMID- 13677124
TI  - The identification and diagnosis of malignant leg ulcers.
AB  - Leg ulcers are predominantly managed by nurses working in primary care. One audit
      has suggested that 34 per cent of leg ulcer patients receive treatment without a
      documented diagnosis (Moffatt and Harper, 1997). Malignant leg ulceration is an
      uncommon condition but several recent reports suggest that its prevalence is
      increasing (Taylor, 1998; Yang et al, 1996). Tests such as tissue biopsy, which
      are required to exclude the less common causes of ulceration, are currently
      outside the role of the primary care nurse who has a vital part to play in
      referring patients to a specialist for further detailed assessment. This article
      raises awareness of the types of malignant leg ulcers and the clinical features
      associated with them.

PMID- 13677125
TI  - Sensory testing in patients with chronic venous leg ulcers.
AB  - Studies have shown the presence of peripheral sensory neuropathy in patients with
      severe chronic venous insufficiency. (Reinhardt et al, 2000; Padberg et al, 1999;
      Shami et al, 1993) This could, therefore, be considered a cofactor in the
      pathogenesis of venous ulceration. Altered nervous control of the skin
      microcirculation may cause: Abnormalities of the vasomotor system; Impairment of
      the venoarteriolar reflex; Increased skin blood flow in lipodermatosclerotic skin
      (induration resulting from fibrosis of subcutaneous fat) of patients with chronic
      venous insufficiency (Shami et al, 1993). Sensory impairment probably contributes
      to the deterioration that occurs in local tissue following a minor trauma in
      patients with chronic venous insufficiency (Padberg et al, 1999). The aim of this
      study was objectively to ascertain the presence of a sensory neuropathy in the
      feet of patients with chronic venous insufficiency, using a 10 g Owen Mumford
      monofilament.

PMID- 13677126
TI  - The application of foam dressings.
AB  - Foam dressings are used for their absorbency and ability to conform to a wound.
      The way they handle fluid varies between brands. Simple foam dressings allow
      fluid to pass straight through while maintaining non-adherent contact with the
      wound. Other foams absorb fluid within the structure of the dressing and have
      horizontal wicking which spreads the fluid throughout the dressing, allowing
      greater absorbency (Thomas, 1990).

PMID- 13677127
TI  - Should potassium permanganate be used in wound care?
AB  - Potassium permanganate is a mild antiseptic with astringent properties. It is
      used in dermatology to treat weeping skin conditions. Potassium permanganate
      tablets are commonly used in clinical practice. The 400 mg (1:1,000) tablets are
      diluted in four litres of water to give a dilution of 1:10,000 (0.01%) (British
      Medical Association and Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, 2003).

PMID- 13677128
TI  - How to ... handle patient complaints.

PMID- 13677129
TI  - [Ivermectin inhibits activation of Kupffer cells induced by lipopolysaccharide
      toxin].
AB  - Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated liver macrophages (Kupffer cells) secrete many
      physiologically active substances responsible for inflammatory reaction of the
      organism. The mechanism by which ivermectin, a macrocyclic lactone possessing a
      broad antiparasitic activity, modulates basic effects elicited by
      lipopolysaccharide in the primary culture of rat Kupffer cells was studied. It
      was found that ivermectin in the absence of endotoxin did not affect a functional
      state of the Kupffer cells. Preincubation of Kupffer cells with ivermectin (1
      mM), however, significantly blocked response to the subsequent administration of
      lipopolysaccharide (1 mg/ml). In particular, secretion of tumor necrosis factor
      TNF alpha, nitric oxide NO and prostaglandin E2 was suppressed. Also, an LPS
      triggered rise in the intracellular concentration of calcium ions was less
      pronounced. Removal of chloride anions from the extracellular medium completely
      abolished inhibitory effects of ivermectin. It is suggested that invermectin
      exerts its action via binding to the glycine-gated chloride receptors/channels of
      the Kupffer cells, which may reduce toxic reactions manifestations observed under
      infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria.

PMID- 13677130
TI  - [Production and properties of polymer composition containing lysozyme and
      protease C].
AB  - Conditions of the obtaining polymer compositions, containing protease C, lysozyme
      and polysacharide sodium alginate and their properties were developed and
      investigated. The effect of compositions content on properties of immobilized
      enzymes were demonstrated.

PMID- 13677131
TI  - [Immunostimulating and anticoagulating activity of fucoidan from brown algae
      Fucus evanescens of Okhotskoe sea].
AB  - Fucoidan--nontoxic sulfated polysaccharide was isolated from brown algae Fucus
      evanescens in Okhotskoe Sea. Chemical analysis of the compound was performed, it
      was shown that fucoidan is freely soluble in water and acid solutions.
      Immunotropic and anticoagulating properties of the compound were evaluated in
      comparison with heparin. It was demonstrated that fucoidan in wide range of doses
      stimulated phagocytic and bactericidic activity at leucocytes of mice peritoneal
      exudate. Heparin on the contrary demonstrated depressive effect on these
      functions at high dose. It was shown that fucoidan has dose-dependent
      anticoagulating activity in vitro and in vivo comparable with heparin activity.
      The results of investigation demonstrated possibility of fucoidan application as
      immunomodulating and anticoagulating agent of plant origin.

PMID- 13677133
TI  - [Formation of virulent antigen-modified mutants (Fra-, Fra-Tox-) of plague
      bacteria resistant to rifampicin and quinolones].
AB  - Experiments were performed with two strains of plague bacteria--231 (isolated
      from marmot) and 358 (isolated from human) and their isogenic variants with Fra-
      and Fra-Tox- phenotype. Mutants resistant to rifampicin (Rifr) and nalidixic acid
      (Nalr) appeared independently of pathogen phenotype and genotype with frequency
      n.10(-8)-n.10(-9), subsequently. Rifr mutation influenced on virulence
      manifestation at albino mice and antigendeficient variants with Fra- and Fra-Tox-
      phenotype. In every group of strains highly virulent subcultures were registered.
      Resistance to nalidixic acid mainly was not associated with virulence loss. Nalr
      mutants of parent and antigenmodified mutants were cross resistant to
      fluoroqinolones (ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, pefloxacin, lomefloxacin). LD50 for
      untreated albino mice did not differ from LD50, for mice treated with rifampicin
      (when mice were infected with strain resistant to rifampicin) or with nalidixic
      acid and fluoroquinolones (when animals were infected with Nalr mutants).
      Antigenmodified strains of plague bacteria and their Rifr, Nalr mutants were able
      to overcome specific immune reaction. The drugs should be used in synergic
      combinations (with aminoglycosides or cephalosporines of III generation) to
      prevent appearance of virulent strains resistant to rifampicin and
      fluroquinolones.

PMID- 13677132
TI  - [Immunomodulating activity of erythrocytes and their stroma incubated with
      menadion and heteropolysaccharides Polygonaceae in case of acute hemorrhage].
AB  - Effect of animal erythrocytes incubated with glycosaminoglycanes and menadion on
      the immune response of mice and rats with acute hemorrhage was investigated. The
      results of the study proves the interest in elaboration of the methods to produce
      erythrocytes stroma incubated extracorporately with menadion and
      glucosaminoglycanes. This preparation may be useful for immunomodulating effect
      in the case of acute hemorrhage and also in other stress situations, connected
      with changes of erythrocytes properties and activity.

PMID- 13677134
TI  - [Effect of hepatophyt on the choleretic function of the liver damaged by
      tetracycline].
AB  - In experimental injury of the liver in Wistar-line white rats induced by
      tetracycline the course therapeutic and prophylatic administration of the dry
      extract "Hepatophyt" in a dose of 0.1 g/kg inhibits the negative effect of
      tetracycline and promotes stimulation of choleretic and antitoxic functions of
      the liver. The dry extract was derived from the herbal mix of the same name, used
      in the practice of Tibetan medicine against liver diseases.

PMID- 13677135
TI  - [Efficacy of various antimicrobial agents in the treatment of epidemic typhoid
      fever].
AB  - During superepidemic of a typhoid fever in Tadjikistan the efficiency of
      application in clinics and of 14 antimicrobial agents representing almost all
      basic chemical classes was investigated. Remarkable variation of frequency and
      type of S. typhi resistance to these preparations up to epidemic and especially
      in its process was demonstrated. The absence of absolute (100%) efficacy of the
      investigated agents in vivo and in vitro was shown. The reasons of low efficacy
      of etiotropic treatment of the patients with typhoid fever are analysed.

PMID- 13677137
TI  - Answering questions about HIPAA.

PMID- 13677136
TI  - [Prophylaxis of candidosis in case of secondary immunodeficiency].

PMID- 13677138
TI  - Balancing act. Mothers in medical school are making it work.

PMID- 13677139
TI  - First magnetomyographic recordings of uterine activity with spatial-temporal
      information using 151 channel sensor array (SARA).
AB  - The lack of an effective method for the diagnosis and management of labor points
      to the need for a new device. SARA-SQUID Array for Reproductive Assessment, is
      capable of recording spatial-temporal biomagnetic activity. The SARA system is
      first of its kind in the world dedicated to maternal-fetal research. We non
      invasively recorded the magnetomyographic (MMG) signals corresponding to the
      uterine electrical activity from 7 pregnant mothers. The detailed physiological
      information obtained simultaneously from 151 sensors spread over the entire
      abdomen, will help in understanding the origin and propagation of the uterine
      activity. This information could give us better insight into the mechanism of
      uterine contraction and may help in better diagnosis and management of labor.

PMID- 13677140
TI  - Improving care in the rural setting: Cotton Plant Medical Clinic makes changes,
      gets results.

PMID- 13677141
TI  - The West Nile virus epidemic in Arkansas, 2002: the Arkansas Department of Health
      response.
AB  - In June 2002, the Arkansas Department of Health anticipated a West Nile virus
      epidemic based on diagnoses in birds and increasing reports of human disease
      cases in neighboring states. Department officials activated an emergency
      operations center (EOC) dedicated to human West Nile virus surveillance. As a
      result, 43 cases (33 West Nile meningoencephalitis and 10 West Nile fever) and
      five (12%) deaths were confirmed from 16 counties. For all cases, the median age
      was 54 years (range: 2-93 years). County-specific incidence of West Nile
      meningoencephalitis ranged from 0.6-15.9 cases per 100,000 people. The
      implemented system for enhanced West Nile virus surveillance will serve as a
      model for future epidemic years.

PMID- 13677142
TI  - Case of the month. Neurofibromatosis type 1.
AB  - A 22-year-old white female presented to the Jones Eye Institute (JEI) complaining
      of pain and blurred vision in her left eye (OS). Slit-lamp examination revealed
      Lisch's nodules, and physical examination revealed multiple cutaneous
      neurofibromas and cafe-au-lait spots leading to a new diagnosis of
      neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1).

PMID- 13677143
TI  - Trends and transformation.

PMID- 13677144
TI  - World breastfeeding week.
AB  - 'Breastfeeding in a globalised world for peace and justice' is the theme of this
      year's World Breastfeeding Week, which is to be held at the beginning of August.
      This article explores the aims of the campaign, the obstacles and benefits of
      globalisation and the activities that are being held around the world.

PMID- 13677145
TI  - Comparative studies in maternity care.
AB  - This fourth paper in a series on research emphasises the importance of conducting
      comparative research across cultures and countries. It highlights the advantages
      of such research and outlines some methodological issues inherent within it.

PMID- 13677146
TI  - 5th Zepherina Veitch lecture: Championing the role of the midwife.

PMID- 13677147
TI  - Pregnant and with HIV: facts and feelings.

PMID- 13677148
TI  - Critical incident analysis: informed consent and the use of vaginal examinations
      during labour.
AB  - This article is a reflection on a critical incident that occurred during a
      student placement. It outlines the facts of the incident and analyses the
      implications of the actions taken.

PMID- 13677149
TI  - Re: Substitutes should be substituted.

PMID- 13677150
TI  - MMR muddle.

PMID- 13677151
TI  - Achieving order out of crisis.

PMID- 13677153
TI  - Pillows.

PMID- 13677152
TI  - Nurse-assisted PEG in children.
AB  - The procedures reviewed in this article comprised 83 PEG insertions and 39 PEG
      changes in children aged six weeks to 19 years (median three years) with weights
      between 4.7 kg and 80 kg (median 13.5 kg). The complication rate was lower than
      previously reported paediatric series performed exclusively by medical
      practitioners. Four children required open conversion and one gastro-colic
      fistula was discovered five months later.

PMID- 13677154
TI  - Geriatric nursing assessment.
AB  - Gerontological nursing is a unique area of nursing. The cornerstone of the
      gerontological nursing process is assessment. In some traditional education
      models, nurses are taught assessments in general areas, such as cardiology,
      neurology, urology, and orthopedics. Little emphasis is placed on integrating
      these systems. A one-day workshop was developed with the objective to further
      develop the assessment skills of the registered nurse (RN) in continuing care by
      demonstrating a holistic approach to assessment and care planning. For this
      workshop, the "giants of geriatric medicine," namely falls, incontinence,
      confusion, iatrogenic illness, and impaired homeostasis (Cape, 1978) were further
      developed into a geriatric nursing model to include the psychosocial issues. This
      model demonstrates a way of assessing and integrating the information known about
      the resident. To ensure the workshop content was practical for the nurse,
      existing resident care documentation within the sponsoring organization, The
      Capital Care Group, was used. Through the education provided in the workshop, the
      RNs recognized that individualized care is based on full assessment of the
      resident, integration of the information gathered, and complete documentation.

PMID- 13677155
TI  - Self-medication with over-the-counter drugs among elderly adults.
AB  - Self-medication with over-the-counter (OTC) drugs is an economical choice of
      treatment for common self-limiting illnesses. As more medications are made
      available as OTC drugs, and as the population of older adults continues to
      increase, a need arises to monitor how elderly individuals use these agents. The
      purpose of this study was to assess the self-medication practices with OTC drugs
      among older adults. The study took place in a city in North Carolina in
      apartments managed by the city's Housing Authority and a private physician's
      office. Participants included 39 adults ages 59 to 91. Respondents lived
      independently, used OTC drugs, and were responsible for their health care
      decisions. Conn's Self-Medication Practice Tool was used to assess symptoms the
      older adults were treating with OTC drugs; therapeutic categories of OTC drugs
      used; frequency of OTC drugs used; and the use of alcohol, prescription drugs,
      and caffeine. The respondents reported pain as the symptom most frequently self
      treated with OTC drugs. Ninety percent of the respondents used pain medicine, and
      approximately two thirds (67%) of the respondents used at least one high blood
      pressure medicine. More than half of the respondents (59%) used caffeine daily,
      and 10% used alcohol. The researchers concluded that older adults might be
      unaware of the adverse risks associated with concurrent use of pain medicines,
      alcohol, high blood pressure drugs, and regular caffeine use. This makes it
      necessary for all nurses and other clinicians providing health care to older
      adults to intensify efforts to educate and guard these patients and ensure
      appropriate use of OTC drugs.

PMID- 13677156
TI  - Health characteristics of elderly residents in personal care homes. Dementia,
      possible early dementia, and no dementia.
AB  - Personal care homes are becoming an integral part of the gerontological health
      care environment. This exploratory descriptive study compares the health
      characteristics of elderly personal care home residents without dementia or
      cognitive impairment, residents with possible early dementia, and residents with
      dementia. Results indicate a number of residents with possible early dementia,
      but without a diagnosis of dementia, may be residing in personal care homes.
      Additionally, the three groups may have distinctly different service needs.
      Residents with dementia were particularly at risk for problems with decision
      making, communication, and impaired instrumental activities of daily living
      (IADL). Medication management for residents with dementia emerged as a particular
      concern. Most physical health characteristics, such as health care usage, were
      not significantly different in the three groups. Suggestions for strategies to
      promote the health and well-being of this growing population are discussed.

PMID- 13677157
TI  - Vigilance. Evolution and definition for caregivers of family members with
      Alzheimer's disease.
AB  - The language of caregiving relies heavily on terms that are frequently negative
      such as caregiver stress and burden, but these are not universally accepted
      phenomenon. The purpose of this article is to report on the development of
      caregiver vigilance and to suggest it offers both neutral terminology and a means
      to include caregivers' perceptions of their supervisory role. The concept of
      vigilance emerged from a qualitative study of caregivers of family members with
      Alzheimer's disease. Vigilance is defined as the caregivers' continual oversight
      of their care recipients' activities. The five key components of vigilance were
      watchful supervision, protective intervening, anticipating, always on duty, and
      being there. Vigilant caregivers saw themselves as "on duty" even when they were
      not "doing things." The findings of this study support caregivers' perceptions of
      24-hour-a-day responsibility. Nurses need to realize that caregiver vigilance is
      not necessarily diminished when professional caregivers intervene or
      institutionalization occurs. Debriefing caregivers about their unique family
      caregiving knowledge and incorporating it into caregiving is a key strategy for
      nurses to use to build caregiver trust and reduce their vigilance time.

PMID- 13677158
TI  - Disruptive behaviors of older adults in an institutional setting. Staff time
      required to manage disruptions.
AB  - This study, as part of a larger project, examined the actual time recorded by
      nursing staff to manage 36 disruptive behaviors in older adults who are
      institutionalized. Disruptive behaviors were defined as socially unacceptable or
      isolating, observable actions with negative consequences. A prospective study was
      conducted using a sample of 153 patients in a Veterans Affairs institution (mean
      age = 72.6, SD = 10.8). Data related to time to manage disruptive behaviors were
      collected during 21 consecutive shifts for each patient. Nursing staff did not
      always intervene in all disruptive behaviors that occurred. When they did
      intervene, total time to manage a disruptive behavior ranged from 5.7 to 201.5
      minutes (mean = 23.1 minutes, SD = 31.9).

PMID- 13677159
TI  - Development of instruments to assess assaultive behavior in nursing homes.
AB  - The use of psychometric techniques is not usually considered in the development
      of non-scale tools. In the development of these tools, both content validation
      and inter-rater reliability were assessed in an effort to produce better quality
      tools than would have occurred otherwise. The procedure employing content experts
      for content validation followed the usual protocol for both of the tools. In each
      case, valuable information about the tools was obtained, in addition to data
      supporting the content validity of the tools. The development of vignettes for
      the inter-rater assessment would probably not have occurred if the authors were
      not familiar with the different techniques for assessing inter-rater reliability.
      The only way data concerning inter-rater reliability could be obtained was by
      having each respondent view the same stimuli. Creating vignettes was the best way
      to accomplish this goal in a cost-effective manner. The additional data obtained
      from the respondents also provided invaluable information for the development of
      the tools. This pilot study was conducted to assess all aspects of the tools in
      the nursing home setting. Clarity of items and usability of the tools were major
      considerations. Because NAs were involved in the pilot study, both readability by
      most NAs and clarity of the items in the revised tool were assured. Considerable
      time was spent assessing these tools, but the completed tools are evidence that
      the time was well spent. The use of psychometric techniques resulted in objective
      evidence that led to quality improvement decisions. The revised tools have the
      potential for use in obtaining quality data for research projects, in policy
      development by an agency, and for training agency personnel.

PMID- 13677160
TI  - Implementing an incontinence management protocol in long-term care. Clinical
      outcomes and costs.
AB  - This article describes clinical outcomes and costs of implementing an
      incontinence management protocol based on the recommendations contained in the
      Agency for Health Care Quality and Research clinical practice guidelines on
      incontinence and pressure ulcer prevention. Following implementation of the
      protocol, 63 nursing home residents were followed for 6 months and assessed for
      the presence of wetness or pressure ulcers. Facility costs for incontinence
      management were accumulated. Fifty-four percent of the residents (34 of 63)
      received treatments for incontinence and 60% (20 of 34) became dry. Pressure
      ulcer rates decreased from 16 participants developing 26 pressure ulcers to 3
      participants developing 5 ulcers. Facility cost of incontinence management for 6
      months was $86,436 with 46% attributed to direct labor costs. Toileting was the
      most expensive component, costing $36,755. Total daily cost of incontinence
      management was $573 ($9.09 +/- 10.52 per resident). Implementation of the
      incontinence protocol resulted in improved "dryness" of the participants and
      reduced pressure ulcer incidence.

PMID- 13677161
TI  - [Pro-memoria for times of war].

PMID- 13677162
TI  - [Effectiveness of retraining after basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation courses: a
      literature review].
AB  - Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is one of the compulsory skills for health
      care professionals. Health professionals (and lay people) are offered CPR courses
      to learn this skill that may be implemented after a long time. Is a course enough
      to learn and retain this skill? Are retraining courses effective? And after how
      long should retraining courses be offered? These are some of the questions that
      guided the search of the literature. Three database were searched (medline,
      cinahl and healthstar) with the key-words cardiopulmonary resuscitation,
      retention skills, psychomotor performance, refresh course and retraining and the
      references of the articles were manually searched to identify further articles.
      After the exclusion of the articles on pediatric and advanced resuscitation and
      whose objective was the evaluation of the effectiveness of teaching methods 8
      studies were finally identified. No clear indications are proposed.
      Resuscitations skills deteriorate quickly and theoretical knowledge is retained
      longer than practical skills. The retraining should be offered frequently but no
      time intervals are proposed. The main suggestion is that no standard approach
      should be adopted and the learning needs and preferences of the learner should be
      considered.

PMID- 13677163
TI  - [CE credits and nursing personnel: a survey in Torino hospitals].
AB  - After the implementation of the law on Continuing Education in Medicine (ECM) at
      the beginning of 2002, the nurses must gain 150 continuing education credits in 5
      years. The credits are assigned by a central committee and reflect the time spent
      and the quality of the course. The aim of this survey was to explore if the
      nurses are aware of this law, if they attend to continuing education initiatives
      (CEI) and the number of credits gained. The data were collected with a
      questionnaire distributed in 13 hospitals to 10 nurses working in each different
      area: medicine, surgery, emergency services, home care etc. Six hundred eighty
      five questionnaires were returned and 11.3% nurses (78) did not participate to
      any CEI during the year 2002, mainly for financial of family problems. Most CEI
      (39.3%) were attended to during the last three months of the year; only 8% of the
      nurses gained 5 or less credits (the minimum to be obtained in one year). The
      hospital organizes and finances the costs of 892 CEI (61%) and 70% of the CEI are
      attended during working hours. The survey highlights the investment of the NHS
      hospitals of Torino area in CEIs for the nursing personnel. And the effect of the
      ECM on the participation to CEIs.

PMID- 13677164
TI  - [Administrative data as source for epidemiological research: clinical pathways of
      diabetic patients].
AB  - Objectives 1. To assess if record linkage of two different databases could
      improve the quality and understand the epidemiology of diabetes and its
      complications. 2. To analyse how hospitalization relates to the natural history
      of the disease and to its pharmaceutical management. 3. To document how
      pharmacoepidemiology could be a challenging tool for clinicians. 4. To identify
      critical areas where improvement of care would be specifically important.
      METHODS: Data came from two large databases, the drugs prescription and the
      hospital discharge forms of the Local Health Unit of Rovigo, Italy, collected
      through 2000. A casecontrol design was adopted to compare two cohorts identified
      by prescription of antidiabetic vs any other drugs and the linkage to their
      hospitalizations over the index period. The study was focused on people > or = 50
      year in order to concentrate the attention on NIDDM. A population of 5.603
      patients were identified as diabetic and 63.155 were the controls. The prevalence
      of diabetes was 3.6% in the general population and 8.1% in 50 year and older. The
      hospitalizations analysis revealed differences between cases and controls in term
      of longer duration of stay (10.1 vs 8.4 days), higher in-hospital mortality (5.5%
      vs 5%) and higher presence of cardiovascular complications. Of the 2.922
      hospitalizations registered for diabetics, 43% did not report the specific ICD-9
      CM code for diabetic disease (250.x). Record linkage of these administrative
      databases offers new opportunities to improve the comprehension of the natural
      history of diabetic disease. The identification of diabetic patients from
      prescription data allows a more reliable picture of the hospitalization than the
      simple analyses of hospital discharge forms. Up to 43% of hospitalizations in the
      diabetic cohort did not report the specific diabetic disease diagnosis, compared
      to the 25% reported in a previous observation where linkage was not applied. The
      lack of this code registration during hospitalization can reflect a scant
      perception of the importance of diabetes as the major determinant of
      complications and could open a discussion table with other clinicians, general
      practitioners and health care professionals.

PMID- 13677165
TI  - [Evidence based nursing and distance learning in the Italian hospital S. Orsola
      Malpighi].
AB  - An experience of distance learning on Evidence Based Nursing is being implemented
      at the Policlinico Sant'Orsola Malpighi of Bologna. Commented evidence based
      abstracts on nursing techniques or problems are produced by a resource group of
      80 nurses who attended specific courses. An abridged version of the
      recommendations is distributed to the 2300 health care professionals of the
      hospital with information on the distance learning session that consists in
      reading an extended review of the literature on one of the topics chosen and in
      an evaluation session. The materials are actually on paper but in the near future
      the electronic format will be used. After the experimental phase, Continuing
      education credits will be assigned to each initiative. In the evaluation session
      the theoretical knowledge and problem solving abilities are assessed. The 30
      participants to the first 2 initiatives expressed an high level of satisfaction
      for the materials received. New sessions on more that 10 topics are planned for
      the 2003-2004.

PMID- 13677167
TI  - [Program DREAM (Drug Resource Enhancement against AIDS in Mozambique].

PMID- 13677166
TI  - [Evidence based care in the prevention and treatment of mucositis induced by
      chemo- and radiotherapy].

PMID- 13677168
TI  - 2003-2004 Oklahoma Dental Association president Dr. Stephen Glenn. Interview.

PMID- 13677169
TI  - Oral pathology.

PMID- 13677170
TI  - It's time to recognize the importance of advanced practice care in diabetes.

PMID- 13677171
TI  - Diabetes training for schools using a community partnership model in rural
      Oregon.

PMID- 13677172
TI  - Advanced practice care in diabetes.

PMID- 13677173
TI  - Evolving roles: from diabetes educators to advanced diabetes managers.

PMID- 13677174
TI  - Adaptive low-vision and blindness techniques for blood glucose monitoring.

PMID- 13677175
TI  - Intimacy and women with type 2 diabetes: an exploratory study using focus group
      interviews.
AB  - PURPOSE: This study explored if and how women perceived diabetes as affecting
      their social and sexual intimacy and if they wished to receive professional
      attention for any sexual disturbances that they experience. METHODS: A series of
      five focus group interviews were conducted with 33 women with type 2 diabetes,
      ages 44 to 80 years, who also completed a questionnaire on sexual functioning:
      Two thirds were married and one third were sexually active. RESULTS: Categories
      resulting from the qualitative analysis were guilt and embarrassment in diabetes;
      female intimacy and shame; sexual dysfunction, an invisible problem; and the
      female patient. Asking women about intimacy revealed self-blame and embarrassment
      regarding their diabetes and sexual functioning. Several women who had
      experienced sexual dysfunction described barriers that made it difficult to
      obtain optimal care and/or self-care measures to cope with vaginal dryness, pain
      during intercourse, and decreased desire. Many of the women had the social and
      emotional resources to cope with their disease. Nonetheless, they experienced
      guilt, shame, and embarrassment, which are potentially oppressive features of
      having type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: Asking women with type 2 diabetes about
      intimacy in a contextually adequate way at routine follow-up visits could give
      them a chance to discuss both sexual and social intimacy concerns related to
      their diabetes.

PMID- 13677176
TI  - Exploring the connection between self-efficacy and effective diabetes self
      management.
AB  - PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to review the existing empirical evidence
      about factors that contribute to effective diabetes self-management as indicated
      by healthy outcomes in persons with the disease, with a specific focus on self
      efficacy, to determine the link between learned self-efficacy and effective
      diabetes self-management in adults. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted of
      the extant literature from 1985-2001 that described factors related to effective
      self-management of diabetes. The review included theoretical and empirical
      articles. The search engines included CINAHL, MEDLINE, PUBMED, and COCHRANE.
      RESULTS: Empirical evidence supports the following factors to improve the
      education outcomes for adults with diabetes: involve people with diabetes in
      their own care, guide them in actively learning about the disease, explore their
      feelings about having the disease, and teach them the skills necessary to adjust
      their behavior to control their own health outcomes. Thus, the goal for educating
      people with diabetes is to improve their individual self-efficacy and,
      accordingly, their self-management ability. CONCLUSIONS: Education sessions need
      to involve fewer lectures and more practical, interactive exercises that focus on
      developing specific skills. Follow-up contact is a valuable method for helping
      people make a healthy adjustment to living with diabetes.

PMID- 13677177
TI  - Self-management of type 2 diabetes: a survey of low-income urban Puerto Ricans.
AB  - PURPOSE: This study explored self-reported barriers to diabetes self-management
      in a population of urban, low-income Puerto Rican individuals. METHODS: A cross
      sectional exploratory survey was conducted with 30 Puerto Rican adults with type
      2 diabetes. Participants were randomly selected and recruited from a health
      center, an elder center, and a community outreach database. A survey was used to
      assess participants' diabetes-related knowledge, attitudes, and patterns of and
      barriers to self-management. RESULTS: Participants were older and had limited
      education and good access to health care. Although two thirds had participated in
      diabetes education, most demonstrated major deficits in diabetes knowledge.
      Negative attitudes about living with diabetes were common as was dietary
      knowledge and nonadherence. Most participants were overweight or obese, did
      regular self-monitoring of blood glucose but did not use the results to improve
      their diabetes control, and frequently missed doses of their diabetes
      medications. Self-reported barriers to self-management were financial and social
      obstacles and competing health and family concerns. CONCLUSIONS: The knowledge
      and self-management behaviors in this population of Puerto Rican individuals with
      type 2 diabetes need to be improved.

PMID- 13677178
TI  - Lessons learned: patient recruitment strategies for a type 2 diabetes
      intervention in a primary care setting [corrected].
AB  - PURPOSE: This study reports on methods and strategies employed to increase
      participation rates in diabetes interventions and discusses the reach and
      representativeness of the Diabetes Priority Program. METHODS: A passive mail-out
      procedure was used to contact patients of participating primary care physicians.
      Patients who did not return the refusal postcard were contacted. Several attempts
      were made to contact potential participants. Brochures, "wrong number" postcards,
      posters, and reports for clinic staff were strategies used to increase
      participation. RESULTS: The recruitment process resulted in a participation rate
      of 83% among patients who were contacted and eligible. These participants
      appeared to be representative of both nonparticipants and persons with diabetes
      in Colorado. In contrast, a low percentage of primary care physicians, estimated
      at 3%, took part in the program despite efforts to make the program brief,
      nonintrusive, and compatible with usual care. CONCLUSIONS: Recruitment is
      currently challenging and will become even more difficult with the privacy
      regulations that affect healthcare research and the public distrust of
      solicitations. To increase participation rates, it is important that the clinic
      staff promotes and supports the program, and that participant lists are accurate
      and adequate in size.

PMID- 13677179
TI  - I, too, have a dream.

PMID- 13677180
TI  - Testing your diagnostic skills. Case no. 1. Pleomorphic adenoma.

PMID- 13677181
TI  - Testing your dagnostic skills. Case no. 2. Focal sclerosing osteomyelitis.

PMID- 13677182
TI  - Emergence of the free agent nurse workforce.

PMID- 13677183
TI  - Love and caring. Ethics of face and hand--an invitation to return to the heart
      and soul of nursing and our deep humanity.
AB  - This manuscript offers a new view of old and timeless values: the essential ethic
      of love, informed by contemporary European philosophies, and caring theory, as
      well as ancient poetry and wisdom traditions. It integrates some of the
      philosophical views of Levinas and Logstrup with Watson's Transpersonal Caring
      Theory. The metaphysics, metaphors, and meanings associated with "ethics of
      face," the "infinity of the human soul," and "holding another's life in our
      hands" are tied to a deeply ethical foundation for the timeless practice of love
      and caring, as a means to sustain, not only our shared humanity, but the
      profession of nursing itself.

PMID- 13677184
TI  - Why not person-centered care? The challenges of implementation.
AB  - Do we always "keep our eye on the ball"--the patient? Do we continue to put our
      hearts and souls, as leaders, into building and supporting that relationship
      between persons serving and persons served? This article illuminates both the
      challenges and benefits of implementing a sustainable person centered care model.
      Patient-centered care (PCC) models have been around for many years, and in fact,
      many hear "PCC" and cringe. Nurses in particular view such models as economic
      tools for productivity. It is then hypocrisy to be carrying a name such as PCC.
      And yet, despite the history and the barriers, it is the only model for a better
      way of providing health care in America. The author shares her models on how to
      begin this work of transformation and create a new culture that always "points to
      true north"--the persons served and the persons serving.

PMID- 13677185
TI  - Caring. Core value, currency, and commodity ... is it time to get tough about
      "soft"?
AB  - Consumers of health care expect caring behaviors and become satisfied and loyal
      customers when their health experience included caring. In today's health care
      environment, however, caring often takes a back seat to task completion and
      capital expenditures. Caregivers may feel caring, but they often provide care
      without regard for how patients prefer to experience caring. Caring theorists
      provide a framework of patient centered caring to guide professional practice.
      Stories of caring that occur in spite of diminished resources are inspirational
      and illustrate these theories. Chief nursing officers share a unique opportunity
      and imperative to assure that caring stories, the essence of our work, routinely
      inform decisions made in the executive suite and boardroom.

PMID- 13677186
TI  - Preparing a new workforce.
AB  - Human caring, while instinctive, can also be taught, learned, and measured
      through the nursing education system. For decades information has been obtained
      that suggests people enter nursing because they value interpersonal
      relationships, altruism, and a desire to help others. Building on this "caring
      ethic," nursing students can be professionally trained so that the very best in
      nursing comes through in their practice. By using nursing theory, students
      realize their potential while gaining all requisite skills and competencies of
      today's practicing nurse. They enter the workforce with excitement and
      enthusiasm, confident that reflective, patient-centered care is always the goal.

PMID- 13677187
TI  - Transforming practice using a caring-based nursing model.
AB  - Today's health care environments are calling for new models of care delivery
      grounded in essential values. This article describes the results of a 2-year
      funded research project that intentionally grounded an acute care unit in the
      perspective of nursing as caring. Outcomes of care for patients, families, staff
      and the organization are described.

PMID- 13677188
TI  - Facilitating an organizational culture of healing in an urban medical center.
AB  - A 625-bed teaching hospital in an inner city has implemented tenets of a healing
      environment using the guiding principles of its Planetree affiliation. Patients,
      visitors, and staff have been the focal points of planning and innovation for 6
      years. The challenges of security, safety, and limited resources have required
      Banner Health's Good Samaritan Medical Center in downtown Phoenix to take a
      pragmatic approach to implementation. Lessons learned in implementing this
      culture change in a large urban tertiary care facility will be described. Success
      factors and model modifications relative to our setting will be identified.
      Finally, planning efforts, which support continued emphasis on promoting a
      healing environment, will be outlined as they relate to a $90 million expansion
      project currently in progress.

PMID- 13677190
TI  - Caritative leadership. Ministering to the patients.
AB  - A theory of ontological nature in caring administration has been developed from a
      Caring science perspective. Caritative leadership is named according to the
      motive, human love, and mercy, and its main idea is ministering to the patients.
      It consists of 5 theses in relation to the view of the human being: the caritas
      motive, dignity, measurement and meaning in health care, and the relationships in
      the caring culture. Without a clear vision of what care of the patients could be,
      there is the risk that ministering to the patient is lost in the demands of
      different stakeholders. The connection between caring and administration is the
      suffering patient with implications for caring administration.

PMID- 13677189
TI  - The healing energy of relationships. A journey to excellence.
AB  - In response to turbulent times within health care, many organizations are
      attempting to recreate their organizations. They are refocusing the workforce on
      the patient and family. One health care system in California and Texas has
      developed a professional practice model focused on the healing relationship
      between nurse and patient. St. Joseph Health System (SJHS), A Ministry of the
      Sisters of St. Joseph of Orange, has developed a model that is employed by all
      system entities as the infrastructure for development of Centers of Excellence.
      The purpose of this article is not to share the journey and development of the
      model, but rather to present a context for sharing the personal stories of nurses
      delivering care in a relationship model. The SJHS Journey to Centers of
      Excellence has the fundamental cornerstone of caring relationships within the
      vision and the caring model.

PMID- 13677191
TI  - The patient's point of view--IT matters.

PMID- 13677192
TI  - [The role of the genotype in the development of neurophysiological mechanisms
      involved in the space integration of the neocortex bioelectric activity].

PMID- 13677193
TI  - [The study of the human visual system efficiency in recognition of moving
      objects].

PMID- 13677194
TI  - [Activation of extrastriate cortical areas in men during selection of visual
      stimuli by their shape and localization: analysis of evoked potentials].

PMID- 13677195
TI  - [Influence of the emotional factor on EEG correlates of a significant light
      stimulus recognition].

PMID- 13677196
TI  - [Comfortable loudness level and signal intelligibility of spectrally transformed
      speech].

PMID- 13677197
TI  - [The influence of caffeine on the subjective perception of time in healthy people
      in dependence of various factors].

PMID- 13677198
TI  - [Effect of the individual CNS features on the efficiency of the relaxation
      biofeedback training in 9-10 years old children].

PMID- 13677199
TI  - [Functional state of 11-12 years old schoolchildren under conditions of intense
      academic load assessed by heart rate variability].

PMID- 13677200
TI  - [Subjective and neurological manifestations of hyperventilation states of
      different intensity].

PMID- 13677201
TI  - [Interdependence of hemodynamic and respiratory variables in humans].

PMID- 13677202
TI  - [Erythrocyte aggregation in athletes].

PMID- 13677203
TI  - [Adaptive characteristics of skiers with different types of energy supply of
      skeletal muscles to graded exercise and athletic ].

PMID- 13677204
TI  - [Calcium metabolism and a Mars expedition: new problems].

PMID- 13677205
TI  - [Elements of endotoxin theory in human physiology and pathology].

PMID- 13677206
TI  - [On the possibility of the correction of emotional disorders under the conditions
      of the action of a destabilizing factor].

PMID- 13677207
TI  - [Physiological mechanisms of the effectiveness of bilateral stereotactic
      cingulotomy in treatment of strong psychological dependence in drug addiction].

PMID- 13677208
TI  - [Prospects of physical stress testing ].

PMID- 13677209
TI  - [EEG local and spatial synchronization during a test on the in site strategy of
      solving creative verbal tasks].

PMID- 13677210
TI  - [The study of the spinal alpha-motor neuron excitability during standing under
      normal and complicated conditions].

PMID- 13677211
TI  - [Use of results of autocorrelation analysis of the heart rhythm in assessment of
      the influence of physical exercise on students with different levels of physical
      fitness].

PMID- 13677212
TI  - [Infant formula feeding of newborns as a risk factor for renal disease in
      childhood].

PMID- 13677213
TI  - The privilege of nursing.

PMID- 13677215
TI  - Expanding roles for public health nursing.

PMID- 13677216
TI  - Research while you work.

PMID- 13677217
TI  - Decision tree for additional skills.

PMID- 13677218
TI  - Avoiding entropy.

PMID- 13677219
TI  - Surgical mortality and type of anesthesia provider.

PMID- 13677220
TI  - United States Supreme Court upholds "any willing provider" statutes.

PMID- 13677221
TI  - Variability in the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status
      Classification Scale.
AB  - The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status (PS)
      Classification is used worldwide by anesthesia providers as an assessment of the
      preoperative physical health of patients. This score also has been used in policy
      making, performance evaluation, resource allocation, and reimbursement of
      anesthesia services and frequently is cited in clinical research. The purpose of
      this study was to assess interrater reliability and describe sources of
      variability among anesthesia providers in assigning ASA PS scores. A
      questionnaire with 10 hypothetical patients scenarios was given to 70 anesthesia
      providers who were asked to assign ASA PS scores in each scenario and to provide
      rationale for their decisions. The data were summarized and stratified according
      to nurse anesthetist or anesthesiologist and military or nonmilitary anesthesia
      providers. We hypothesized there would be no difference between any of the
      anesthesia provider groups in assignment of ASA PS scores. A lack of interrater
      reliability in assigning ASA PS scores was demonstrated. There were no
      significant differences between the anesthesia provider groups. There was no
      correlation between ASA PS scoring and years practicing or any of the other
      demographic variables. Several sources of variability were identified: smoking,
      pregnancy, nature of the surgery, potential difficult airway, and acute injury.

PMID- 13677222
TI  - The use of simulation to demonstrate hemodynamic response to varying degrees of
      intrapulmonary shunt.
AB  - Students in the Medical College of Georgia Nursing Anesthesia Program, Augusta,
      Ga, use human patient simulation as an avenue for advanced education. Software
      drives the simulation model through a myriad of programmed patient scenarios.
      Individually controlled physiologic variables help students understand how to
      manage a critically ill patient. Similar technology provides students the
      opportunity to become familiar with pre-clinical and crisis management scenarios,
      ultimately providing better understanding of perioperative anesthesia care. An
      interest in the phenomenon of intrapulmonary shunt and an intriguing research
      article prompted us to develop a simulation study evaluating the effects of
      ventricular contractility on cardiac output and arterial oxygenation at varying
      degrees of shunt fraction. We presented a literature review as well as a review
      on the pathophysiology of intrapulmonary shunt, followed by an explanation of
      simulation outcomes, to our classmates and faculty. Group discussion of the
      findings and observation of the variables on the simulation model allow for hands
      on teaching and understanding of a difficult topic.

PMID- 13677223
TI  - Laryngeal mask anesthesia in children: a case report.
AB  - The laryngeal mask airway has become one of the major tools of modern anesthesia
      airway management. Despite the fact that no time limit has been recommended
      regarding its safe use in spontaneously breathing children, or adults, there is
      still reluctance to use the laryngeal mask airway in operations of long duration.
      We report the case of an uneventful 5-hour long laryngeal mask anesthesia in a
      spontaneously breathing 11-year-old boy undergoing lower limb surgery.

PMID- 13677225
TI  - Parental presence during pediatric anesthetic inductions.
AB  - Children's responses to parental presence during anesthetic induction have been
      researched thoroughly; however, not much is known about the response of parents
      to being present at their child's induction. The purpose of this research was to
      examine parent's preparation for, attitudes and emotions about, and experiences
      with being present for their child's anesthetic induction. Participants included
      parents who accompanied their children ranging from 1 to 10 years of age during
      induction by general anesthesia. Multiple-choice surveys were distributed
      preoperatively to a convenience sample of 55 parents who were present for their
      child's anesthetic induction. Of 55 surveys, 38 (69%) were returned
      postoperatively. Data were analyzed using frequency distributions, cross
      tabulations with chi 2 tests, and correlation coefficients. In general, parents
      felt accurately prepared and satisfied with their preparation. They thought their
      presence was beneficial to their child, themselves, and anesthesia personnel.
      Overall satisfaction with preparation was related to the completeness of the
      information they received (r = 0.35; P < .04). Complete and accurate information
      about the induction event before surgery and emotional support during induction
      are important psychosocial aspects of anesthesia care for parents who plan to be
      present during their child's induction.

PMID- 13677224
TI  - Accessing the living laboratory: trigger films as an aid to developing, enabling,
      and assessing anesthesia clinical instructors.
AB  - Problems arise when clinical instructors are placed in situations for which they
      are ill prepared. Teaching occurs in settings where patient safety and quality
      must be ensured. Trigger films are 2- to 4-minute vignettes simulating real-life
      situations that finish abruptly, stimulating participants to analyze situations
      in a safe environment. This study's purpose was to develop and assess the
      validity of high fidelity trigger films in facilitating nurse anesthesia clinical
      instructor development. Trigger films were produced in our simulation laboratory
      involving: (1) the overly confident student, (2) the self-defeating student, and
      (3) teaching stressed by production pressure. Trigger films consisted of Part A,
      the introduction of a complex teaching situation, and Part B, offering 1 possible
      resolution. Trigger films attained validity using a national panel of experts
      (kappa > 0.88, all indices). Seventy-four clinical instructors viewed trigger
      films, completing an extensive evaluation. Scenario themes were consistently
      described; the depicted, desirable clinical instructor attributes were routinely
      identified by the participants. This study initiated the process of demonstrating
      validity and reliability of trigger films in this setting. Trigger films may
      offer a systematic approach to facilitating clinical instructor development by
      safely engaging clinical instructors in a range of complex scenarios in the
      "living laboratory." They may have application in other healthcare domains as
      well.

PMID- 13677226
TI  - AANA journal course. Update for nurse anesthetists. Aspiration prophylaxis: is it
      time for changes in our practice?
AB  - Pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents during anesthesia is a complication that
      is fortunately rare, yet potentially catastrophic. Despite its infrequency,
      techniques geared toward preventing this serious outcome influence many of our
      routine practices and beliefs. Reports on large-scale clinical studies have
      opened new insights and questions about the effectiveness of long-standing
      anesthetic practices. These include conventional beliefs about preoperative
      fasting guidelines, acceptable gastric fluid volumes and pH, effective
      pharmacologic interventions, risk factors for pulmonary aspiration, and
      preventative anesthetic techniques such as rapid-sequence induction. This AANA
      Journal course outlines current knowledge as to the incidence, risk factors, and
      efficacy of practices geared toward preventing aspiration. It is anticipated that
      this review will stimulate discussions regarding possible changes in the
      anesthetic management of patients in individual practice settings.

PMID- 13677227
TI  - Leadership myths.

PMID- 13677228
TI  - Bridging the gap. Interview by Jane Palmer.

PMID- 13677229
TI  - Inspirational Linda. Interview by Marty Lanus.

PMID- 13677230
TI  - Journey into the unknown or, breast cancer college: what I learned along the way.

PMID- 13677232
TI  - Educator, mentor, advocate. Interview by Janice Wisner.

PMID- 13677231
TI  - Mission to Kathmandu.

PMID- 13677233
TI  - 'I saw a need'. Interview by Darlene Sredl.

PMID- 13677234
TI  - A foundation perspective.

PMID- 13677235
TI  - 'I pledge...'.

PMID- 13677236
TI  - Pioneer for nursing: Frances Payne Bolton.

PMID- 13677237
TI  - 'But is there a future in nursing?'.

PMID- 13677238
TI  - Making patient bills friendlier.

PMID- 13677239
TI  - The role of HIM in the revenue cycle.

PMID- 13677240
TI  - Inguinal hernia repair: anaesthesia, pain and convalescence.
AB  - Elective surgical repair of an inguinal or femoral hernia is one of the most
      common surgical procedures. The treatment, however, presents several challenges
      regarding anaesthesia for the procedure, the postoperative analgesic therapy and
      convalescence, as well as planning of the procedure. Local, general, and regional
      anaesthesia are all used for hernia repair, but to different degrees, primarily
      depending on traditions and whether the institution has specific interest in
      hernia surgery. Thus, the use of local anaesthesia varies from a few percent in
      Sweden, 18% in Denmark and up to almost 100% in specialised institutions,
      dedicated to hernia surgery. The feasibility of local anaesthesia is high, as
      judged by the rate of conversion to general anaesthesia (< 1%), although
      intraoperative pain is quite common. The generally low rate of serious
      complications does not allow firm conclusions, but the rate of less serious
      complications is lower by local anaesthesia, compared to other anaesthetic
      techniques. Of special interest is, that the rate of urinary retention can be
      eliminated by the use of local anaesthesia. Local anaesthesia results, in
      comparative studies, in a higher degree of patient satisfaction than other
      anaesthetic techniques. Local anaesthesia also facilitates faster mobilisation
      and earlier discharge/fulfilment of discharge criteria from post anaesthetic care
      units than other anaesthetic techniques. Pain after hernia repair is more
      pronounced at mobilisation or coughing than during rest, and younger patients
      seem to have more pain than older patients. The pain ceases over time, and it is
      most pronounced the day after surgery, where two thirds have moderate or severe
      pain during activity, while one third still have moderate or severe pain after
      one week, and approximately 10% after 4 weeks. Pain after laparoscopic surgery is
      less pronounced than after open surgery, while different open repair techniques
      do not exhibit significant differences. Postoperative pain is best treated with a
      combination of local analgesia and peripherally acting agents (paracetamol, NSAID
      or their combination), while opioids should be avoided due to side effects,
      primarily nausea and sedation. Moderate or severe pain one year postoperatively
      is seen in 5-12% of patients. There seem to be no difference between different
      surgical or anaesthetic techniques, but the following factors have been related
      to a higher rate of chronic pain: previous or subsequent hernia surgery on the
      same side, young age, pain before surgery, high pain scores in the immediate
      postoperative period, and postoperative complications and prolonged
      convalescence. Patients should be informed about the risk of chronic pain,
      particularly if the hernia is asymptomatic. The duration of convalescence after
      hernia repair varies considerably, primarily due to variation in recommendations.
      No documentation is available to support that a prolonged convalescence reduces
      the risk of recurrence of the hernia, and most specialised institutions recommend
      immediate return to all usual activities. Pain seems to be the most important
      cause of prolonged convalescence. From all published consecutive materials with
      recommendations of short convalescence the mean or median duration is 6-8 days,
      in contrast to the two to four weeks often seen in randomised comparisons of
      different surgical techniques. Patients should be informed, that they can
      immediately resume all activity if pain permits, but also to expect that pain may
      limit function of activities of daily living during the first postoperative week.
      Hernia surgery, including treatment of recurrent hernias, can and ought to be
      performed as day case surgery, irrespective of the chosen anaesthetic technique,
      as there are no medical or surgical contraindications to this. Social causes may
      indicate, that overnight stay may be advisable or desirable, preferably in a
      patient hotel facility. Despite this, the fraction of patients operated in a day
      case surgical set-up varies from 6% in France to 83% in US, and in Denmark 60% of
      patients have their hernia repair as a day-case procedure. A day-case hernia
      surgery service should be organised with standardised patient records, including
      descriptions of surgery performed as well as letters of discharge for the general
      practitioner. If clinical data are stored electronically, the basis is created
      for valuable clinical databases like the one behind the present thesis, and they
      can be used both for scientific purposes and for quality control and improvement.

PMID- 13677241
TI  - Myometrial receptors in rat parturition.

PMID- 13677242
TI  - Intestinal insufficiency and failure.

PMID- 13677243
TI  - Fecal incontinence. Studies on physiology, pathophysiology and surgical
      treatment.
AB  - The thesis consists of ten previously published studies and a review. The
      physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms in fecal incontinence has been
      studied by anal manometry, both by standard static anal manometry and by a new
      method, dynamic anal manometry, where anal sphincter pressure can be measured
      during simultaneous opening and closing of the anal canal. Patients with fecal
      incontinence showed abnormal sphincter pressures more frequently when dynamic
      anal manometry was used compared to standard anal manometry. The physiology and
      pathophysiology of the rectum was studied using rectal compliance measurements.
      Patients with normal anorectal function had a large variation in rectal
      compliance. Patients with fecal incontinence had as a group, lower rectal
      compliance than continent patients. This may lead to increased frequency of
      incontinence episodes in patients with fecal incontinence. The relationship
      between idiopathic fecal incontinence and pudendal nerve terminal latency was
      studied in 178 patients. The far majority of patients had normal latencies, and
      there was no correlation between latency and anal manometry. In contrast to
      previous suggestions, idiopathic fecal incontinence does not seem to be caused by
      pudendal nerve damage. Reconstruction of the external anal sphincter in patients
      with fecal incontinence due to obstetric sphincter lesion showed a poorer
      functional result among patients older than forty years compared to younger. This
      indicates that the general muscular weakening with age contribute to the
      incontinence in these patients. The treatment of more complicated forms of fecal
      incontinence consists of, apart from conservative treatment or colostomi, mainly
      in muscle transpositions or artificial anal sphincter. Transposition of the
      distal part of the gluteus maximus muscle to encircle the anal canal, did not
      lead to acceptable continence in any of the patients studied. Transposition of
      the gracilis muscle lead to acceptable continence in half the patients. Patients
      where the transposed muscle were stimulated by a neurostimulator had satisfactory
      continence in most cases. However, with this method several re-operations were
      necessary in some patients. In addition, some patients developed severe
      evacuation difficulties. Implantation of an artificial sphincter resulted in long
      term improvement of continence in that half of patients in whom the artificial
      sphincter remained implanted. The other half of the patients had the artificial
      sphincter explanted due to various reasons, most frequently due to infection
      around the device. In selected patients with more complicated fecal incontinence,
      stimulated gracilis transposition or implantation of an artificial anal sphincter
      may be offered as an alternative to colostomy. Sacral nerve stimulation is a new
      method which seems to provide the best results among the more advanced
      procedures. Its minimally invasive character also contribute to the increasing
      use of this method in the last few years. Evaluation and treatment of fecal
      incontinence is presently in a state of rapid change with focus on more elaborate
      investigative methods and more diversified treatment.

PMID- 13677244
TI  - [Pleiotrophic effect of statins (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme a reductase
      inhibitors)].
AB  - The development of statins improved the therapy of hypercholesterolemia and
      atherosclerotic disease tremendously. The beneficial effects of statins were
      clearly demonstrated in large scale primary and secondary prevention studies. In
      addition to the reduction of plasma cholesterol, inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3
      methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase also results in the depletion of
      intermediates of cholesterol biosynthesis that are important for cellular
      integrity. The so called pleiotrophic effects of statins and probably also their
      adverse events can be attributed to the inhibition of synthesis of these
      intermediates. The review article describes the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis,
      the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamik of statins, and their pleiotrophic
      effects concerning endothelial function, LDL (low density lipoprotein) oxidation,
      macrophages, smooth muscle cell proliferation, atherosclerotic plaque, platelets,
      thrombosis, proinflammatory factors, haemorheology, hypertension, venous
      thrombosis, bone metabolism, stroke, and the possible influence on the prevention
      of Alzheimer's disease.

PMID- 13677245
TI  - Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of a new manidipine and delapril fixed oral
      combination in young and elderly subjects.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to compare the pharmacokinetic and
      pharmacodynamic properties of a fixed combination tablet containing 10 mg of
      manidipine dihydrochloride (CAS 89226-75-5), a calcium channel antagonist, and 30
      mg of delapril hydrochloride (CAS 83435-67-0), an angiotensin converting enzyme
      (ACE) inhibitor, during once daily repeated dosing in young and elderly subjects
      and to assess the bioequivalence of the fixed combination tablet and the single
      ingredient tablets taken simultaneously in young healthy subjects after a single
      dose administration. METHODS: Eighteen young healthy male volunteers received a
      single oral dose of 10 mg manidipine and 30 mg delapril as two separate tablets
      or a fixed combination tablet, followed by a week of once daily dosing with the
      fixed combination. Eight male and eight female elderly volunteers also received a
      week of once daily dosing with the fixed combination. Blood samples were
      collected during 24 h on the first and last treatment day for plasma
      determination of manidipine, delapril and their main metabolites, using specific
      LC-MS/MS methods. Blood pressure and heart rate were also recorded during 24 h.
      RESULTS: Bioequivalence was strictly demonstrated between the extemporaneous and
      the fixed combination tablet after single dose administration. At steady-state in
      young subjects, manidipine AUC and Cmax were lower (-8 and -12%) and t1/2 was
      longer (+45%), while delapril and metabolites were little affected as compared to
      single dose. In elderly subjects, manidipine Cmax was 4% lower than after single
      dose, AUC was 13% higher, and t1/2 was increased 2.4-fold. For delapril and
      active metabolites, Cmax and AUC increased modestly. Blood pressure and heart
      rate versus time profiles after single dose and at steady-state were almost
      superimposable. In elderly compared to young subjects at steady-state, peak
      concentrations of manidipine and delapril changed by +35% and -15% while AUCs
      increased by +70% and +9.7%. CONCLUSION: The fixed combination tablet of 10 mg
      manidipine and 30 mg delapril is bioequivalent to mono-ingredient tablets. At
      steady-state, the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles in young and
      elderly subjects undergo minor changes and indicate negligible accumulation. Drug
      exposure is higher in elderly subjects.

PMID- 13677246
TI  - Improvement of asthma therapy by a novel budesonide multidose dry powder inhaler.
AB  - The objective of the present post-marketing surveillance (PMS) was the evaluation
      of efficacy, tolerability and acceptance of the novel budesonide (CAS 51333-22-3)
      multidose dry powder inhaler (MDPI) Novopulmon 200 Novolizer. A total of 3,057
      patients suffering from allergic, non-allergic or mixed bronchial asthma were
      included in the PMS. The study medication was administered by inhalation at a
      median dosage of 2 x 200 micrograms budesonide/day. In order to evaluate the
      efficacy of the novel budesonide MDPI, pulmonary functions (peak expiratory flow
      rate (PEFR) and FEV1) were measured at the start of the treatment and after 4
      weeks of treatment. Severity of the following symptoms was evaluated on a four
      score scale: cough, wheezing, diurnal dyspnea, nocturnal dyspnea and dyspnea on
      physical effort. Furthermore, the patients' satisfaction in dealing with the
      control mechanisms (optical, acoustic, sensory, dose counter, overdose
      prevention) of this innovative MDPI was assessed. Patients who already had used
      another inhalation system assessed the control mechanisms of the novel budesonide
      MDPI in comparison with their previous inhalation system (e.g. fluticasone
      premetered dose MDPI, non-refillable budesonide MDPI). The patients' compliance
      and any improvement of compliance by the control mechanisms according to
      physicians' assessments were evaluated. The novel budesonide MDPI was shown to
      lead to a decrease in the severity of symptoms. The median total symptom score (0
      = no symptoms, 15 = all symptoms severe) decreased from 8 before therapy to 2
      after therapy. Pulmonary function measurements supported a relief of the
      patients' symptoms: The median PEFR increased from 5 l/s before therapy to 6.3
      l/s at the end of therapy, with a median individual increase of 1 l/s. The median
      FEV1 increased from 2250 ml before therapy to 2700 ml at the end of therapy, with
      a median individual increase of 310 ml. The majority of patients were satisfied
      with the control mechanisms. 97% of the patients were satisfied with the optical
      control mechanism, 94% with the acoustic, 78% with the sensory mechanism, 92%
      with the dose counter and 81% with the overdose prevention. Compliance was
      assessed by the physicians to be good in 84% of the patients, to be satisfactory
      in 14% and to be not satisfactory in 2%. An improvement in compliance by the
      control mechanisms of the inhaler was observed in 80% of the patients. 97% of the
      patients were satisfied with the control mechanisms, the optical and acoustic
      mechanisms were confirmed as being the most important ones. The vast majority of
      patients assessed the control mechanisms of the novel MDPI to be better or much
      better than those of a previously used inhaler (e.g. 41.2% and 52.1%,
      respectively, of patients who had previously used a non-refillable budesonide
      MDPI; 38.7% and 44.7%, respectively, of patients who had previously used a
      fluticasone premetered dose MDPI). Overall, the novel budesonide MDPI was shown
      to be efficient in the relief of asthma symptoms and improvement of lung
      function. The MDPI's control mechanisms were shown to be well accepted by the
      patients and considered by the physicians as an important contributor to an
      improvement of patient compliance.

PMID- 13677247
TI  - Antioxidative properties of Iberis amara extracts in biochemical model reactions.
AB  - Gastro-intestinal disorders such as the non-ulcer dyspepsia and irritable bowel
      syndrome expatiate on/with inflammatory processes of the gastro-intestinal
      mucosa. Iberogast is used in treatment of such disorders. Iberis amara L. extract
      (IAE) is one of nine components of the drug. There is increasing evidence that
      mediators of inflammation processes in the stomach and intestine include reactive
      oxygen species (ROS), arising from several enzymic reactions characteristic for
      inflammatory events. In this study it was shown that Iberis amara extract (STW 6)
      has the potential for scavenging ROS, dependent on the individual test system.
      Biochemical model reactions relevant for the formation of ROS in vivo at
      inflammatory sites were used. Inhibition of the formation of ROS could be shown
      to be excellent in test systems known to preferentially produce reactive species
      (myeloperoxidase-generated HOCl, peroxynitrite) with high affinities to sulfur
      containing compounds, e.g. mustard oil glycosides such as glucoiberin.
      Furthermore ROS, generated during xanthine oxidase (XOD)-catalysed oxidation of
      xanthine into uric acid, were also efficiently decreased by IAE. However, an
      inhibition of XOD could be excluded, but chelation of metal ions (Fe, Cu)
      decreasing their redox-cycling activities seems to play a role. A major activity
      of IAE proved to represent inhibition of lipid peroxidation processes, shown as
      delay of the lag phase of the Cu(II)-induced LDL oxidation as well as protection
      of alpha-linolenic acid from peroxidation by singlet oxygen.

PMID- 13677248
TI  - Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of tiropramide in healthy volunteers.
AB  - Two formulations of tiropramide ((+/-)alpha-(benzoylamino)-4-[2-(diethylamino)
      ethoxy]-N,N-dipropyl-benzenepropanamide hydrochloride, CAS 55837-29-1), an
      antispasmodic agent, were orally administered to 16 healthy volunteers by the
      Latin cross-over design with the purpose of evaluating bioequivalence and
      pharmacokinetics of tiropramide. Tiropramide in human plasma was determined by a
      gas chromatography/nitrogen phosphorus detector. The detection limit of
      tiropramide was 5 ng/ml. Cmax values of test and reference formulations were 93.9
      +/- 54.3 and 96.4 +/- 51.6 ng/ml, respectively. AUC0-->last and AUC0-->inf were
      330.7 +/- 193.9 and 349.5 +/- 205.3 ng.h/ml, respectively, for the test
      formulation, 348.9 +/- 207.7 and 380.8 +/- 239.0 ng.h/ml, respectively, for the
      reference formulation. The terminal half-life was 2.34-2.61 h. Bioavailability
      differences for Cmax and AUC0-->last were -2.48% and -5.22%, respectively.
      Minimum detection differences were less than 20% for both Cmax and AUC0-->last.
      The 90% confidence limits of geometric mean values for logarithmically
      transformed Cmax and AUCs were within 0.8-1.25. Based on these results, the two
      formulations of tiropramide are considered to be bioequivalent.

PMID- 13677249
TI  - Intestinal absorption of disodium monofluorophosphate in the rat as affected by
      concurrent administration of calcium.
AB  - This paper reports that in the rat coadministration of calcium (calcium chloride,
      CAS 10043-52-4, Ca2+) enhances intestinal absorption and bioavailability of
      monofluorophosphate (sodium monofluorophosphate, CAS 10163-15-2, MFP). Evidence
      obtained with two different experimental models is presented indicating that the
      latter effects are indirect consequences of the inhibitory effect of Ca2+ on
      alkaline phosphatase. Pharmacokinetic experiments in previous studies showed that
      fluorine bound to plasma proteins is the variable that determines the
      bioavailability of MFP. The area under the curve of fluorine bound to plasma
      proteins in rats receiving MFP + Ca2+ was significantly greater than in controls.
      In isolated duodenal loops in situ, Ca2+ increased the intestinal rate constant
      of MFP absorption and decreased the rate constant of MFP hydrolysis. Inhibition
      of hydrolysis increased the concentration of MFP at the intestinal lumen. This
      fact, however, is not only the cause of increased MFP absorption. Inhibition of
      alkaline phosphatase with L-phenylalanine, to the same extent as with Ca2+,
      increased MFP absorption with respect to controls but to a lower degree than with
      Ca2+. The rate constant of MFP hydrolysis by purified rat intestinal alkaline
      phosphatase was significantly inhibited by 50 mmol/l Ca2+ in comparison to
      control levels. Ca2+ decreased significantly Vmax of the enzyme (p-nitrophenyl
      phosphate as substrate) and had no effect on Km value. Lineweaver-Burk plots
      suggested a noncompetitive inhibition mechanism.

PMID- 13677251
TI  - ["Infections of the lower respiratory tract"].

PMID- 13677250
TI  - Antimicrobial activity of N-acylphenothiazines and their influence on lipid model
      membranes and erythrocyte membranes.
AB  - The antibacterial activity and influence on lipid model membranes and erythrocyte
      membranes of 24 N-acylphenothiazines and trifluoperazine were studied. (1) Among
      24 phenothiazines, the antimicrobial activity of amino maleates was the highest.
      (2) The influence of phenothiazines on model liposome and erythrocyte membranes
      was studied using N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine (NPN) as fluorescence probe. From the
      three types of phenothiazine substitution (H, Cl, CF3) at position 2, CF3
      phenothiazines were the most effective in the interaction with liposomal
      membranes. (3) As measured by the polarization degree of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5
      hexatriene (DPH) fluorescence, the alteration of membrane fluidity induced by CF3
      phenothiazines was the biggest. Surprisingly, phenothiazines induced stomatocytic
      shape alterations (invaginations) in erythrocytes and at higher concentrations,
      also hemolysis of erythrocytes was observed. (4) The microcalorimetic
      measurements of influence of phenothiazines on thermal behaviour of synthetic
      lipid systems confirmed the previously obtained results. The main transition
      temperature and enthalpy of transition of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3
      phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) were significantly modified by CF3-phenothiazines,
      suggesting their penetration of the lipid bilayer. Above results show that
      phenothiazine maleates were generally more effective than other phenothiazines
      used in this study.

PMID- 13677252
TI  - [Microbiological diagnosis of deep respiratory tract infections from the clinical
      viewpoint].
AB  - The appropriate use of the clinical microbiology laboratory for diagnosing lower
      respiratory tract infections is controversial. While examination of sputum does
      not help to determine the etiology in most patients with acute bronchitis, a
      recent study confirmed the sense of culturing sputum in patients with
      exacerbation of COPD. In patients with pneumonia, microbiological investigations
      include evaluation of sputum samples, antigentests and PCR tests as well as
      invasive methods of sampling with qualitative and quantitative cultures. However,
      there is no uniform recommendation for these investigations.

PMID- 13677253
TI  - [Diagnosis of mycobacteria].
AB  - Diagnostic methods of mycobacterial species can lead to significant problems.
      This article aims at guiding through the great number of mycobacteriaceae,
      differentiating between atypical and tuberculous mycobacterials, answering
      diagnostic questions, therefore making early specific therapy possible.

PMID- 13677254
TI  - [Molecular diagnosis of mycobacteria].
AB  - Tuberculosis is one of the leading infectious diseases in the world. Using
      conventional methods, the isolation, identification, and drug susceptibility
      testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other clinically important mycobacteria
      can take several weeks. During the past several years, molecular methods have
      been developed for direct detection, species identification, and drug
      susceptibility testing of mycobacteria. These methods can potentially reduce the
      diagnostic time from weeks to hours. For direct detection of Mycobacterium
      tuberculosis from clinical specimens, several molecular assays are commercially
      available today. They have been shown useful for the routine diagnostic
      laboratory. DNA probes and polymerase chain reaction-based sequencing have been
      widely used to identify mycobacterial species. Molecular methods have also been
      applied for the detection of mutations that confer drug resistance in
      mycobacteria. All in all, the future of clinical mycobacteriology appears to be
      heading toward direct detection, species identification and drug resistance
      determination using molecular methods.

PMID- 13677255
TI  - [Pharmacokinetics of antibiotics in inflamed and healthy lung tissue].
AB  - The pharmacokinetic profile of antibiotics at the site of antiinfective action is
      one of the most important determinants of drug response, since it correlates the
      antimicrobial effect. Up to now, only limited information on the lung tissue
      pharmacokinetics of antibiotic agents has been available. The aim of in-vivo
      microdialysis is to measure antibiotic penetration into the extracellular space
      fluid of normal or pneumonic human lung parenchyma. The lung penetration of
      cefpirom in elective thoracic surgery and piperacillin in septic thoracic
      surgery, substances with low protein binding, was measured. Intra-, or
      postoperatively, respectively, microdialysis probes were inserted into normal or
      pneumonic lung tissue and into healthy skeletal muscle to obtain reference
      values. Serum and microdialysis samples were collected at 20-minute intervals for
      at last 8 hours. The intrapulmonary concentrations of the antibiotics exceeded
      the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for most relevant bacteria for 4-6
      hours. The procedure was well tolerated by all patients and no adverse events or
      microdialysis-associated side effects were observed. This microdialysis technique
      enabled continuous tissue pharmacokinetic measurement of free, unbound anti
      infective agents in the lung tissue, even in pneumonia.

PMID- 13677256
TI  - [Are new antibiotics in therapy of respiratory tract infections necessary?].
AB  - Increasing worldwide antibacterial resistance among respiratory pathogens,
      especially S. pneumoniae, are an emerging problem in the treatment of respiratory
      tract infections. In some areas penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae increased to
      80% and macrolide-resistance and MLSb-resistance are an evolving problem. In
      addition, increasing resistance to quinolones has been documented in Hong Kong
      and in Spain. One way to combat increasing resistance is the development of new
      antimicrobial drugs. However, the practice of just changing one drug for another
      without also altering poor prescribing habits merely results in different
      resistance issues. In the long-term, to prevent increasing resistance, clinicians
      must be aware of restrictive antibiotic prescription and adequate dosages.

PMID- 13677257
TI  - [From pneumonic infiltration to parapneumonic effusion--from effusion to pleural
      empyema: internal medicine aspects of parapneumonic effusion development and
      pleural empyema].
AB  - Infectious processes cause the majority part of all clinically relevant pleural
      effusions which frequently complicate the course of pneumonia. The assessment of
      an inflammatory effusion requires a careful history, physical examination,
      imaging techniques and clinical workup. The presence of polymorphonuclear
      leukocytes, high LDH-activity (> 200 U/L) and protein level (> 3 g/dL) in a
      pleural effusion indicates acute inflammation. An effusion is usually called
      empyema, when large numbers of neutrophils form thick, turbid exudates within
      preexisting body cavities. A thoracic empyema may occur as a result of primary or
      secondary pleural pathologies and in most cases involves infection with bacteria,
      frequently provided by progressing pneumonia. There are several therapeutic
      options for treatment of parapneumonic effusions and of thoracic empyemata,
      respectively. Optimal therapeutic management and antimicrobial medication to the
      infected pleural space depend in part on the stage of the empyema at
      presentation. Treatment can vary from a conservative medical approach in
      uncomplicated or small parapneumonic effusions to invasive surgical interventions
      in fibroprulent or organizational stages of empyema. Empyemata usually progress
      from a parapneumonic exudative stage (stage I), when the fluid is still sterile,
      with low leukocyte counts, low LDH, physiological pH, and normal glucose, to the
      fibropurulent [figures: see text] stage (stage II) with high leukocyte counts,
      high LDH activity, low pH, and low glucose, and finally to the organizational
      stage (stage III), in which fibroblasts convert fibrin strands into inelastic
      membranes. Pleural peels and pockets may compartmentalize the viscous empyematous
      fluid and can cause serious restrictive ventilatory impairment. Each patient must
      be individually evaluated to determine the nature of the exudate and the stage of
      the pleural space infection. Due to its high mortality rate (5%) a thoracic
      empyema requires prompt treatment. Diagnostic thoracentesis and withdrawal of
      liquid for the microbiological, cytological and biochemical analysis is urgently
      recommended in all cases to assess severity of the disease and the likelihood of
      a complicated or uncomplicated course, and to select the most appropriate
      treatment option.

PMID- 13677258
TI  - [The status of atherosclerosis prevention in Austria].
AB  - Although atherosclerosis is today seen as presenting a distinct clinical picture,
      there are almost no data available about the impact this has on medical practice
      and about the point at which a patient is considered high-risk. As part of a
      larger project on the prevention of heart disease and atherosclerosis, "Aktion
      plus leben", 1,117 physicians were polled in a scientific survey. The study was
      carried out in some 100 hospitals throughout Austria, above all in departments of
      internal medicine, but also in neurological departments, and in a number of other
      units. The results showed that in fact over 90% of those questioned see
      atherosclerosis as a separate, treatable illness in the context of risk
      prevention. The most frequent methods of diagnosis were specified as ultrasound
      and the clarification of symptoms of coronary heart disease. Atherosclerosis
      prevention is initiated above all in patients with coronary heart disease,
      myocardial infarction and stroke, but also very frequently in those with
      diabetes, peripheral vascular occlusive disease, hyperlipidemia and hypertension.
      Of particular interest to us was the respondents' evaluation of the effect of
      ramipril, the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used in the HOPE
      study. The majority of those questioned see a broad range of indications for this
      ACE inhibitor and ascribe to it a profibrinolytic, antiinflammatory and plaque
      stabilising action. Although the survey sought assessment of just one particular
      medication as a possible treatment option, the study documents the importance of
      a more inclusive concept of atherosclerosis prevention.

PMID- 13677259
TI  - [Calcification marker matrix G1a protein in patients with hyperlipidemia].
AB  - At the site of atherosclerotic plaque formation, proliferating vascular muscle
      cells express Matrix-Gla-protein (MGP) which depends on vitamin K and plays a
      regulatory role in tissue calcification. Measurements of MGP in serum showed
      significantly higher values in 66 patients with hyperlipidemia compared to
      healthy controls. MGP correlated with cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density
      lipoprotein, but not with the adhesion molecule GMP-140. The evaluation of the
      patients' life and nutritional habits showed that nearly exclusively the patients
      who regularly consume fruit had low MGP values. Smokers had high MGP levels,
      three times higher than non-smokers. A decrease in MGP levels could be shown
      already three weeks after inpatient rehabilitation comprising therapeutic
      exercise and change in nutrition.

PMID- 13677260
TI  - ["Visual assessment" does not replace quality control with instrumental methods].

PMID- 13677261
TI  - [Psychiatric diseases in general practice].

PMID- 13677262
TI  - Pathophysiology and treatment of aplastic anemia.
AB  - Aplastic anemia (AA) is a rare hematological disease characterized by peripheral
      blood pancytopenia and a hypocellular bone marrow in which normal hematopoietic
      tissue is replaced by fatty marrow. There is strong in vitro and in vivo evidence
      suggesting an immunologic mechanism for hematopoietic suppression in the majority
      of patients with AA. Interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha are
      considered as soluble mediators of bone marrow (BM) suppression in AA. The events
      triggering the aberrant immune response are less clear but some viruses and drug
      metabolites may lead to autoimmune destruction of hematopoietic cells. Patients
      with severe AA who are younger than 35 to 45 years and who have an HLA-identical
      sibling donor have a 60-80% chance of being cured by allogeneic BM
      transplantation. In patients surviving more than two years, chronic graftversus
      host disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality and a solid-tumor
      malignancy may develop in a few patients. Patients without HLA-identical BM
      donors and patients older than 35 to 45 years are candidates for combined
      immunosuppressive treatment with antithymocyte globulin, methylpredisolone and
      cyclosporine, leading to hematological responses in 70-80% of patients. One has
      to consider, however, that a significant proportion of these patients will
      develop further clonal hematological disorders such as paroxysmal nocturnal
      hemoglobinuria and myelodysplastic syndrome.

PMID- 13677263
TI  - Therapy strategies for multiple myeloma: current status.
AB  - Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by infiltration of bone marrow with a
      clone of neoplastic plasma cells. Impaired hematopoiesis and reduced production
      of functional immunoglobulins, as well as the induction of pathognomonic
      osteolytic lesions primarily contribute to the morbidity of patients with MM.
      Conventional chemotherapy is the treatment of choice for older patients, whereas
      those under 60 years benefit significantly from high-dose therapy followed by
      stem-cell rescue. The use of tandem transplantation, developed to further
      escalate the conditioning dose, has achieved additional improvement in survival.
      Interferon-alpha and glucocorticoids are effective as maintenance measures in MM
      but remain controversial because of their associated high costs and considerable
      toxicity. The resurrection of an old drug, thalidomide, for the therapy of MM and
      the development of potent immunomodulatory derivatives are highly promising new
      treatments that target MM cell-host interactions and the bone-marrow
      microenvironment, as well as the myeloma cell itself. The importance of the use
      of bisphosphonates for the prevention or amelioration of skeletal complications
      and hypercalcemia is well established. New generations of bisphosphonates show
      potent antitumor activity, again emphasising the importance of targeting the
      microenvironment of the plasma-cell clone.

PMID- 13677265
TI  - The risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism: the Austrian Study on Recurrent
      Venous Thromboembolism.
AB  - Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a chronic disease. After withdrawal of oral
      anticoagulation at least a third of patients will experience a subsequent episode
      of venous thrombosis. Of these patients, approximately 5% will die from pulmonary
      embolism. The Austrian Study on Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism (AUREC) is a
      prospective cohort study aiming to investigate the overall rate of recurrent VTE,
      the predictive value of laboratory assays, the importance of acquired or
      congenital risk factors for thrombosis and the impact of extended or modified
      secondary thromboprophylaxis on the risk of recurrence among high-risk patients.
      So far, the AUREC investigators have identified subgroups of patients with a
      particular high risk of recurrence: patients with a history of venous thrombosis,
      elevated levels of coagulation factors VIII, IX and XI, pulmonary embolism or
      superficial venous thrombosis and a history of venous thrombosis and
      hyperhomocysteinemia. Patients with a history of venous thrombosis and mutations
      in genes encoding for coagulation factors (factor V Leiden, factor II, G20210A)
      do not have an enhanced risk of recurrence and, thus, do not qualify for extended
      secondary thromboprophylaxis. At present, interventional trials are in progress
      in patients with high factor VIII or hyperhomocysteinemia in order to investigate
      if these patient groups might benefit from extended oral anticoagulation or
      vitamin supplementation, respectively.

PMID- 13677264
TI  - Innovative strategies in lymphoma therapy.
AB  - Treatment of malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) in the 21st century has been
      revolutionized by novel biological agents offering targeted approaches in
      addition to radio-chemotherapy. Monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) against lymphatic
      surface antigens have been effective as monotherapeutic agents, and have already
      shown their superiority to conventional strategies when combined with
      chemotherapy. Radioimmunoconjugates are more effective than unlabelled
      antibodies. Specific inhibitors of neoangiogenesis as well as intracellular
      signal transduction pathways and antiapoptotic mechanisms have shown their
      efficacy in phase II studies. Long-term improvement in the setting of minimal
      residual disease has been observed after vaccination against surface antigens and
      non-myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation is effective in
      controlling lymphoma growth. Novel specific antigens are currently identified
      using expression profiling of lymphomas. In the near future, combinations of
      biological agents will challenge conventional therapy. These exciting new
      strategies will improve the success rate in aggressive NHLs and may even
      challenge the paradigm of incurability of indolent lymphomas.

PMID- 13677266
TI  - Clinical significance of gene-diagnosis for defects in coagulation factors and
      inhibitors.
AB  - cDNA sequences of all known coagulation factors and inhibitors of coagulation
      have been described and an enormous number of disease generating mutations in
      these factors has been found by genetic analysis of affected families. The vast
      majority of these defects have severe clinical consequences such as spontaneous
      bleeding or predisposition to venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. While all
      the genetic defects described so far cause disease, or at least represent a risk
      factor for diseases such as bleeding or thrombosis, only a minority of these
      conditions actually need DNA analysis to be detected and/or treated properly. The
      purpose of this review is therefore to describe clinical situations in which the
      knowledge of the underlying genetic defect is important for decision making in
      patients with inherited hemophilia or thrombophilia.

PMID- 13677267
TI  - Pregnancy-associated thrombosis.
AB  - Venous thromboembolism (VTE) occurs infrequently but is a leading cause of
      illness and death during pregnancy and the puerperium. In the general population
      the incidence of pregnancy associated VTE is approximately 1 in 1500 deliveries
      The risk of VTE is five times higher in a pregnant than in a non-pregnant woman.
      Postpartum the VTE-risk is even higher. Women with congenital abnormalities or
      persistent presence of antiphospholipid antibodies have an increased risk of VTE
      during pregnancy and the puerperium. In individuals with well defined hereditary
      thrombosis risk factors, such as the factor V:R506Q mutation, the factor
      II:G20210A variation, antithrombin-deficiency or protein C-deficiency, a relative
      risk of pregnancy associated VTE between 3.4 and 15.2 has been found. Women with
      previous VTE have an approximately 3.5 fold increased risk of recurrent VTE
      during pregnancy compared to non-pregnant periods. Our ability to diagnose
      pregnancy-associated VTE clinically is generally poor, since dyspnea, tachypnea,
      swelling and discomfort in the legs are common. Objective diagnosis is essential
      for treatment decisions. Exposure to radiation of less than 50,000 microGy (5
      rad) has not been associated with a significant risk of fetal injury Therefore,
      besides sonography, routine diagnostic procedures should be performed, if
      clinically necessary. Heparin does not cross the placenta and is therefore the
      anticoagulant of choice. In case of acute thrombosis during pregnancy, treatment
      is performed like in nonpregnant patients. There is ongoing debate, whether or
      not pregnant women with previous venous thrombosis should routinely receive
      prophylactic anticoagulation. In patients who have hereditary antithrombin
      deficiency, antiphospholipid antibodies, a combined abnormality or a history of a
      severe thrombotic event (pulmonary embolism, extended deep vein thrombosis)
      should be advised to use prophylactic heparin during pregnancy, starting during
      the first trimester. Post partum prophylaxis should be given in all women with an
      increased risk for VTE.

PMID- 13677269
TI  - Treatment concepts for elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia.
AB  - The majority of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are over 60 years of
      age at diagnosis. Unlike treatment options for younger adults, those for older
      patients are limited to non-myeloablative therapy, and many patients are not
      treatable because of poor performance status. In those who are treatable, long
      term survival can be achieved using intensive induction and consolidation
      chemotherapy. Such curative treatment can be administered in about 70% of elderly
      patients with AML. In responding patients (up to 60%) the disease-free survival
      may be almost comparable to that of younger adults. However, treatment-related
      toxicity results in a higher mortality rate in the elderly patients. Moreover,
      aggressive chemotherapy cannot be used for 30% of the patients, due to their poor
      performance status. Currently, palliative cytoreductive treatment and supportive
      care are considered appropriate for these patients. Recently, however, targeting
      antileukemic antibodies and inhibitors of signal transduction have been
      introduced as promising new treatment options. The therapeutic efficiency and
      toxicity-profiles of these novel drugs are currently under investigation in
      clinical trials.

PMID- 13677268
TI  - Chronic myeloid leukemia: pathophysiology, diagnostic parameters, and current
      treatment concepts.
AB  - Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a stem cell disease characterized by excessive
      accumulation of clonal myeloid (precursor) cells in hematopoietic tissues. CML
      cells display the translocation t(9; 22) that creates the bcr/abl oncogene. The
      respective oncoprotein (= BCR/ABL) exhibits constitutive tyrosine kinase activity
      and promotes growth and survival in CML cells. Clinically, CML can be divided
      into three phases: the chronic phase (CP), the accelerated phase (AP), and the
      blast phase (BP) that resembles acute leukemia. Progression to AP and BP is
      associated with occurrence of additional genetic defects that cooperate with
      bcr/abl in leukemogenesis and lead to resistance against antileukemic drugs. The
      prognosis in CML is variable depending on the phase of disease, age, and response
      to therapy. The only curative approach available to date is stem cell
      transplantation. For those who cannot be transplanted, the BCR/ABL tyrosine
      kinase inhibitor STI571 (Glivec, Imatinib), interferon-alpha (with or without
      ARAC), or other cytoreductive drugs are prescribed. Currently available data show
      that STI571 is a superior compound compared to other drugs in producing complete
      cytogenetic and molecular responses. However, despite superior initial data and
      high expectations for an effect on survival, long term results are not available
      so far, and resistance against STI571 has been reported. Forthcoming strategies
      are therefore attempting to prevent or counteract STI571 resistance by co
      administration of other antileukemic drugs. Whether these strategies will lead to
      curative drug therapy in CML in the future remains at present unknown.

PMID- 13677272
TI  - [Postoperative analgesia using continuous lumbar epidural infusion of ropivacaine
      in comparison with bupivacaine].
AB  - BACKGROUND: Epidural bupivacaine infusion is a commonly used technique for
      postoperative analgesia because of its motor-sparing properties. Recently a new
      long acting local anesthetic, ropivacaine, has become available. The aim of this
      study was to investigate the efficacy of ropivacaine and bupivacaine with regard
      to postoperative analgesia when administered continuously into the lumbar
      epidural space. METHODS: All patients were ASA I II and undergoing ipsi-lateral
      leg orthopedic surgery with epidural or combined spinal-epidural anesthesia.
      Patients were randomly assigned to following three groups: 0.1% ropivacaine (0.1
      R); 0.2% ropivacaine (0.2 R); 0.125% bupivacaine (0.125 B). At the end of
      surgery, continuous infusion was begun at a rate of 6 ml.hr 1 after a bolus
      epidural administration of 5 ml of 0.2% ropivacaine in R groups and 0.25%
      bupivacaine in B group. Sensory and motor block, blood pressure, pulse rate,
      verbal pain score (VPS), analgesic consumption were assessed at 20 min, 1, 3, 10
      20 hrs following the beginning of continuous infusion. RESULTS: Vital signs were
      stable at every measuring point in all groups. In 0.1 R group (n = 20), the
      spread of sensory block at 3 hrs after infusion was lower than 0.2 R group (n =
      19), and VPS during the study was higher than 0.125 B group (n = 17). Bromage
      scale after 3 hrs was higher in 0.2 R group compared with 0.125 B group. The
      degree of sensory and motor block gradually decreased, resulting in little
      difference between the groups. When epidural anesthesia was spread over the
      surgical area throughout the study, 0.2 R or 0.125 B was sufficiently relieved
      from postoperative pain. CONCLUSIONS: After leg orthopedic surgery, 6 ml.hr-1 of
      0.2 R or 0.125 B provided enough postoperative analgesia when the spread of
      anesthesia covered the operated area. 0.2 R would be better compared to 0.125 B
      in continuous epidural infusion for postoperative analgesia due to less systemic
      toxicity, even though it accompanies a little more intense motor block.

PMID- 13677273
TI  - [Blood-brain barrier and general anesthetics].
AB  - The transport of drugs into the brain is prevented in most cases by the presence
      of the blood brain barrier (BBB). Endothelial cells in the brain of vertebrates
      are fused together by tight junctions that eliminate the normal pathways of free
      diffusion existing in the capillary beds of organs other than the brain or spinal
      cord. Therefore, a molecule that has a molecular weight less than a 500 Dalton
      can cross the BBB in proportion to lipid solubility. Recent molecular biological
      studies have contributed to the isolation and functional analysis of transporter
      proteins at the BBB. There are three types of endogenous transport systems:
      carrier-mediated transporters, active efflux transporters such as P-glycoprotein,
      and receptor-mediated transcytosis systems. The structural and functional
      integrity of the BBB has appeared to be dramatically altered by various diseases
      of the CNS such as ischemia, anoxia and inflammation, resulting in cerebral edema
      and damage to the neurons. General anesthetic agents can alter the BBB function.
      For example, the degree of the BBB disruption was smaller during isoflurane
      anesthesia than during pentobarbital anesthesia. In this review, we focus on
      recent progress in the BBB research and functional modulation produced by general
      anesthetics.

PMID- 13677271
TI  - Diagnostic and prognostic value of colony formation of hematopoietic progenitor
      cells in myeloid malignancies.
AB  - Hematopoietic progenitor cells are capable of forming colonies of mature blood
      cells in semisolid media in response to specific growth factors. Colony assays
      have been extensively used for many years to study normal and malignant
      hematopoiesis in vitro. In fact, these assays have provided an excellent research
      tool for investigating growth and differentiation of progenitor cells in response
      to positive and negative regulators of hematopoiesis. However, apart from their
      role in basic research, colony assays are also widely used in routine clinical
      practice in the diagnosis of various hematologic disorders, such as aplastic
      anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes and myeloproliferative disorders. This review
      summarizes our current knowledge on the diagnostic value and prognostic
      significance of the growth of progenitor cells in peripheral blood and bone
      marrow in patients with myeloid malignancies.

PMID- 13677274
TI  - [The accuracy of transcutaneous carbon dioxide monitoring during laparoscopic
      surgery].
AB  - BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic procedures are considered relatively low-invasive.
      However, there exists a small but important risk of developing complications
      related to carbon dioxide (CO2) insufflation. End-tidal CO2 (PetCO2) monitoring
      may not be a sufficient guide to adjust pulmonary ventilation during laparoscopic
      surgery, and arterial CO2 (PaCO2) monitoring is not always indicated. We
      evaluated the accuracy and feasibility of transcutaneous CO2 (PtcCO2) monitoring
      during laparoscopic surgery. METHODS: Thirty adult patients undergoing abdominal
      or gynecological laparoscopic surgery were studied. PtcCO2, PaCO2 and PetCO2 were
      measured before laparoscopy, and 30 and 60 minutes after beginning of CO2
      insufflation. PtcCO2 and PaCO2 were also measured in the recovery room under
      spontaneous respiration. RESULTS: During operation, the PtcCO2 values
      demonstrated a high degree of correlation with PaCO2 (r = 0.92), and PetCO2
      values also demonstrated generally a good correlation with PaCO2 (r = 0.85). The
      PtcCO2 PaCO2 gradient was -0.6 +/- 2.2 mmHg, while the PetCO2-PaCO2 gradient was 
      3.9 +/- 2.7 mmHg. In the recovery room, PtcCO2 values still demonstrated a high
      correlation with PaCO2 (r = 0.91). CONCLUSIONS: The transcutaneous devices
      provide an effective method for non-invasive monitoring of PCO2 in situations
      where continuous monitoring of CO2 levels is desired such as peri-operative
      period of laparoscopic surgery.

PMID- 13677275
TI  - [Anesthetic management with propofol, fentanyl TCI and BIS in two cases of
      secondary hyperthyroidism due to TSH secretion from pituitary adenomas].
AB  - We managed two patients with secondary hyperthyroidism due to TSH secretion from
      pituitary adenomas using total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and fentanyl.
      Both propofol and fentanyl were infused with target-controlled infusion (TCI)
      systems. The anesthesiologists controlled the target concentration of propofol to
      maintain the bispectral index (BIS) in a range from 40 to 60, and the target
      concentration of fentanyl was kept within a range of 2.0 to 3.0 ng.ml-1.
      Propranolol was injected in 0.4 mg increments to a total dosage of 2.4 to 3.2 mg.
      Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) was infused at a rate from 0.01 to 0.04 microgram.kg
      1.min-1 to maintain a stable heart rate and stable systemic blood pressure. The
      anesthetic effects were excellent in both patients. The necessary concentration
      of propofol during anesthesia was 2.5 to 4.0 micrograms.ml-1, and the emergence
      concentration of propofol was 1.4 to 1.7 micrograms.ml-1. These values were
      almost equal to those obtained in patients without thyroid disease. In
      conclusion, we could maintain the anesthesia for the patients with
      hyperthyroidism safely and stably by titrating the concentration of propofol and
      fentanyl based on the BIS value, and by administrating propranolol and PGE1 to
      avoid hypertension and tachycardia.

PMID- 13677276
TI  - [Pneumothorax during laparoscopic adrenal surgery: a case report].
AB  - A 55-year-old female patient was scheduled for laparoscopic adrenal surgery. In
      the operating room, anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with
      nitrous oxide/sevoflurane and epidural anesthesia. The operation was completed
      uneventfully. After tracheal extubation, Spo2 decreased suddenly from 98 to 92%
      and chest auscultation revealed weaker breathing sound on the left side. Left
      pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum were noticed on a chest X-ray. The
      pneumothorax in this case was thought to have been caused by passage of
      insufflation gas through the retroperitoneum to the mediastinum and thoracic
      cavity or by a minor injury of diaphragm. Although pneumothorax complication in
      laparoscopic surgery is rare, the frequency of its occurrence in laparoscopic
      adrenal surgery appears to be higher than other laparoscopic operations and may
      be due to the organ's location in the retroperitoneum near the diaphragm.
      Attention should be paid to the possibility of pneumothorax occurring during
      laparoscopic adrenal surgery even if there is no apparent surgical injury.

PMID- 13677270
TI  - Pathogenesis, classification, and treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).
AB  - Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) comprise a heterogeneous group of clonal myeloid
      disorders characterized by morphologic dysplasia in one or more cell lineages.
      Dysplasia in MDS is associated with insufficient production of blood cells and
      consecutive cytopenia(s). The natural course and prognosis of MDS vary among
      patients and depend on genetic defects that occur during clonal evolution. In a
      significant group of patients (roughly 30%) progression to secondary leukemia is
      observed. These patients appear to have a grave prognosis. The treatment of
      patients with MDS has to be adjusted to the individual situation and age in each
      case. In many patients, control of blast cell production by palliative
      cytoreduction, continuous support with red blood cells, as well as other
      supportive measures, seem appropriate. In other patients, however, curative
      therapy (chemotherapy, stem cell transplantation) should be considered. The final
      decision to offer curative therapy must be based on many different factors
      including age and the overall situation of the patient. Recently established
      scoring systems aimed at predicting survival and evolution of leukemia in MDS may
      be helpful in this regard.

PMID- 13677278
TI  - [Anesthetic management of massive endobronchial hemorrhage after pulmonary
      embolectomy].
AB  - We report a case of massive endobronchial hemorrhage after pulmonary embolectomy.
      A 63-year-old woman underwent emergency pulmonary embolectomy with
      cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). During partial CPB, we found massive blood gushing
      out from the endotracheal tube. Approximately 2,000 ml of blood was aspirated in
      10 minutes. To ensure adequate oxygenation, emergent percutaneous cardiopulmonary
      support system (PCPS) was started. After neutralization of heparin and the
      institution of 10 cmH2O of positive end-expiratory pressure, the bleeding
      diminished. Institution of PCPS allows performance of unhurried bronchoscopy to
      identify the actual bleeding point and to lavage the airway. In addition to this
      management, we administrated steroids and neutrophil elastase inhibitor to
      stabilize pulmonary capillary membrane. Without complications, the patient was
      extubated 2 days after operation and the following course was uneventful.
      Immediate institution of PEEP and pharmacological interventions to reduce
      pulmonary blood pressure were beneficial in arresting hemorrhage. The bleeding
      begins usually at the time of discontinuation of CPB. We should recognize the
      possible occurrence of endobronchial bleeding after pulmonary embolectomy and
      prepare to protect the airway and to maintain oxygenation and cardiac function.

PMID- 13677277
TI  - [A case of Marshall-Smith syndrome].
AB  - Marshall-Smith syndrome (MSS) is a rare clinical disorder, characterized by
      accelerated skeletal maturation, facial anomalies, failure to thrive and death in
      early infancy due to respiratory complications. We experienced the difficult
      airway case with MSS. A 4-year-old boy underwent tenosynovectomy for the snapping
      finger. Although his upper airway was diagnosed as almost normal on the fiber
      optic laryngoscope examination, he frequently showed pharyngeal collapse during
      sleep. Anesthesia was induced and maintained with N2O-O2-sevoflurane using oral
      airway without muscle relaxants. But, when we inserted the laryngoscope in order
      to clarify the existence of the difficult intubation, we could only see a part of
      the epiglottis. We concluded that we must treat MSS as difficult airway and
      intubation, even if in the mild case of MSS.

PMID- 13677279
TI  - [Anesthesia for a patient with Kartagener's syndrome undergoing ambulatory
      bilateral breast cancer surgery].
AB  - Kartagener's syndrome is an inherited disease characterized by a triad of
      symptoms, bronchiectasis, situs inversus and sinusitus. We report a case of a 53
      year-old woman with the syndrome who received bilateral simple mastectomies and
      axillary lymph node dissections on ambulatory basis. She received antibiotic
      treatment until the day of surgery. She was admitted to our day surgery unit with
      productive cough and rales on both lungs on the day of surgery. General
      anesthesia was induced and maintained with propofol, fentanyl and vecuronium.
      Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) was placed. She received rectal diclofenac and
      bupivacaine infiltration into surgical field for pain relief. During pressure
      controlled ventilation, EtCO2, blood pressure and heart rate increased and SpO2
      decreased gradually. These symptoms were resolved after resumption of spontaneous
      ventilation. She coughed out phlegm in LMA during surgery. The sputa were sucked
      out using bronchofiberscope. She made an uneventful recovery although she had
      productive cough preoperatively. She was discharged from the hospital without
      respiratory complication after overnight observation.

PMID- 13677280
TI  - [Two cases of non-MICS surgery successfully managed with Port-Access EndoCPB
      system].
AB  - We report two cases of non-MICS surgery successfully managed with Port-Access
      EndoCPB system. The first patient is a case of non-ruptured giant aneurysm of
      middle cerebral artery proposed for clipping procedure under hypothermic
      cardiopulmonary arrest. The second patient is a case of infectious pseudoaneurysm
      of the ascending aorta. We conclude that this system can be a powerful option of
      anesthetic strategy for the patients in need of cardiac arrest without having
      severe physical stress like sternotomy.

PMID- 13677281
TI  - [Anesthetic management for cerebral aneurysm surgery in a patient with aortitis
      syndrome accompanied by lung edema].
AB  - A 48-year-old woman with aortitis syndrome underwent clipping of dissecting
      aneurysm of the left posterior inferior cerebellar artery following subarachnoid
      hemorrhage. Preoperative echocardiography demonstrated moderate aortic
      regurgitation and pulmonary hypertension. Intravenous infusion (1900 ml.day-1)
      was performed to avoid cerebral vasospasm, but the patient developed lung edema.
      She received delayed surgical treatment after the improvement of lung symptoms.
      Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl (0.1 mg), propofol (90 mg) and vecuronium (6
      mg). Radial arterial flow was judged to be insufficient for cannulation, and a
      cannulation was therefore performed on the dorsal pedis artery. During induction
      of anesthesia, there was a significant decrease in the arterial pressure, that
      required a total of 32 mg of intravenous ephedrine. Following tracheal
      intubation, a central venous catheter was inserted and dopamine was continuously
      administered. The patient was positioned in the park bench position. We thought
      that the placement of the introducer for Swan-Ganz catheter was difficult under
      the position and Swan-Ganz catheter was not inserted. Anesthesia was maintained
      with sevoflurane, air, and oxygen. We continuously monitored the central venous
      pressure as an indicator of fluid balance. In this case, we monitored dorsal
      pedis arterial pressure directly, which might not be sufficiently reliable to
      predict the decrease in cerebral blood flow.

PMID- 13677282
TI  - [Two occasions of anesthetic management for a patient with Williams syndrome].
AB  - A 5-year-old boy with Williams syndrome received open reduction of fracture of
      the antebrachium twice. He had been diagnosed as having Williams syndrome with
      some characteristic symptoms, including elfin face, mental retardation and
      primary pulmonary hypertension. Williams syndrome has a tetrad of cardiovascular
      disease, elfin face, mental retardation and hypercalcemia. Operations were
      performed twice under general anesthesia. Airway management with mask technique
      was easily performed. Tracheal intubation was accomplished successfully.
      Anesthesia was induced with propofol, fentanyl, and vecuronium, and maintained
      with propofol, fentanyl and the inhalation of oxygen with nitrous oxide. Both
      anesthetic courses were uneventful and he was discharged without any
      complications. Special anesthetic considerations should be taken for difficulties
      of intubation, management of circulatory system, malignant hyperthermia, and
      hypercalcemia in this syndrome.

PMID- 13677283
TI  - [A case of latex anaphylactoid reaction starting with respiratory symptoms].
AB  - We report a case of latex anaphylactoid reaction in a 39-year-old man with
      aortitis. He was scheduled to undergo stent-graft implantation. When the
      operation progressed into his abdomen, respiratory symptoms, wheezing and high
      airway pressure, occurred. However, he did not show any dermal symptoms. Thirty
      five minutes after the start of respiratory symptoms, his face suddenly showed
      flush, and intravenous epinephrine worked successfully against anaphylactoid
      reactions. There are anaphylactoid reactions which occurred with respiratory
      symptoms, and we should be aware of these cases.

PMID- 13677284
TI  - [Rhabdomyolysis after nephrectomy in the lateral flexed decubitus position].
AB  - We report two cases of the rhabdomyolysis of the erector spine muscles occurring
      after nephrectomy in lateral flexed decubitus position. Case 1. A 39-year-old man
      (170-cm, 85-kg) underwent right nephrectomy for a right renal tumor. The patient
      was placed in a left flexed lateral decubitus position with a roll placed under
      the dependent iliac crest and upper half of the body was rotated backward for 6
      h. The patient complained of severe left low back pain after the operation. On
      postoperative day 2, serum creatinine increased to 28,480 U.l-1 (MM 99%).
      Computed tomography scanning performed on postoperative day 4 showed hypodensity
      of the left erector spine muscles. Although the patient complained of severe
      pain, no other critical complications including renal failure occurred during the
      postoperative period. Case 2. A 59-year-old man (169-cm, 87-kg) was scheduled for
      right nephroureterectomy and partial resection of bladder for a right renal
      tumor. The patient was placed in a right flexed lateral decubitus position with a
      roll of towel and sponge placed under the dependent iliac crest for 8 hr. On
      postoperative day 1, CPK increased to 35,315 U.l-1 (MM 99%) and peaked at 55,760
      U.l-1 (MM 99%) on postoperative day 2. Haptoglobin was administered and lactated
      Ringer and loop diuretics were administered. Fortunately the patient did not
      develop renal failure. Direct, prolonged pressure on the paravertebral muscle was
      the etiology of rhabdomyolysis in our cases. Although our cases were not severe
      and the complications were not induced, it must be kept in mind that excessive
      pressure in a limited area can damage the muscle during prolonged surgery.

PMID- 13677285
TI  - [Report of a case: the anesthetic management for fetal tracheal intubation with
      intact uteroplacental circulation during cesarean section].
AB  - We experienced a case of cesarean section in a patient with a fetus having a
      prenatally diagnosed huge cervical mass, which could cause airway obstruction
      immediately after delivery. The fetal cervical mass was confirmed at 19
      gestational weeks, and amniocentesis was performed at 33 weeks. At 35 weeks, MRI
      showed the large mass that could disturb the airway patency after birth, and
      elective cesarean section was scheduled at 37 weeks. In the anesthetic
      management, anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane in oxygen, and ritodorine
      and nitroglycerin were used for obtaining uterine relaxation and keeping
      uteroplacental circulation. Fetal head was exposed from the uterine incision site
      and tracheal intubation was successfully performed. After confirming the neonatal
      oxygenation under manual ventilation, the baby was delivered. After delivery, the
      mass was diagnosed as cystic hygroma and he was maintained under mechanical
      ventilation in NICU. Five months later subtotal excision of the cervical cystic
      hygroma and tracheostomy were performed.

PMID- 13677286
TI  - [Anesthetic management of a patient with deficiency of congenital coagulation
      factor XII].
AB  - A 63-year-old man with deficiency of congenital coagulation factor XII, was
      referred to our hospital for an operation of the hypopharynx cancer. The day
      before surgery under general anesthesia, fresh frozen plasma was administered to
      him with good response of APTT shortening from 397.0 to 36.4 seconds. During
      operation, bleeding tendency was controlled and fresh frozen plasma was
      administered. Total blood loss during the operation was 255 ml. During post
      operative period, APTT was kept at an adequate level. The post-operative course
      was uneventful and he was discharged after the radiation and an adjuvant therapy.

PMID- 13677287
TI  - [Spinal anesthesia in a parturient complicated with idiopathic thrombocytopenic
      purpura].
AB  - A 27-yr-old parturient with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura was scheduled to
      undergo resection of a left ovarian cyst at 15 weeks gestation. Platelet counts
      were between 46,000 and 64,000.microliter-1, bleeding time was 2 min, and she
      denied having unusual bleeding diathesis. As the patient was reluctant to receive
      general anesthesia for fear of latent adverse effects of the drugs on the fetus,
      we selected spinal anesthesia and the perioperative course was uneventful.
      However, it is questionable to perform regional anesthesia in patients with
      coagulation disorders, for spinal hematomas leading to paraplegia can be a rare
      but devastating complication of regional anesthesia. According to our extensive
      literature review, it was revealed that platelet insufficiency, both in terms of
      function and count, did not represent a major risk factor for spinal hematomas
      associated with regional anesthesia, especially for spinal anesthesia. We suggest
      that spinal anesthesia may be safely performed in patients if their platelet
      counts exceed around 50,000.microliter-1.

PMID- 13677288
TI  - [A case report of the laryngeal edema and peripheral cyanosis after extubation of
      the tracheal tube].
AB  - A 65-year-old male in malnutrition due to advanced colon cancer underwent
      resection of transverse colon tumor and the invaded abdominal muscles with
      necrosis and abscess. After epidural catheter insertion between Th 10-11 for 9 cm
      cephalad, anesthesia was induced with thiopental 200 mg and fentanyl 50
      micrograms. Tracheal intubation was done with vecuronium 5 mg, and anesthesia was
      maintained with sevoflurane with nitrous oxide in oxygen and epidural block.
      During surgery, systolic blood pressure often went up to 130 to 140 mmHg and down
      to 50 to 60 mmHg. Dopamine 3-5 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 was administered but
      occasional ephedrine bolus injection was still necessary. The intestine,
      including the intact part, was edematous. After the surgery, when systolic blood
      pressure was stable at about 130 mmHg and his consciousness was clear with
      regular spontaneous respiration, the tracheal tube was removed. However, soon
      after the extubation, expiratory stridor and cyanosis of the bilateral hands and
      feet were observed. Hydrocortisone 200 mg and nicardipine 0.5 mg were
      administered and room temperature was raised. About 30 minutes later, stridor and
      cyanosis subsided. In the ward after surgery, only hoarseness was observed. The
      stridor might have been due to the laryngeal edema, which could be attributed to
      stimulation by tracheal tube in the patient with malnutrition. The hemodynamic
      instability during surgery and cyanosis after extubation might have come from
      changes of the vascular resistance by sepsis.

PMID- 13677289
TI  - [Fetal anesthesia in cesarean section for patients with congenital diaphragmatic
      hernia].
AB  - We experienced two cases of anesthesia for cesarean section in patients with
      prenatally diagnosed congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Fentanyl/midazolam
      anesthesia was selected for fetal sedation at birth. The blood samples were
      obtained from the maternal vein, umbilical vein and umbilical artery for
      measuring blood drug concentrations during anesthesia. Midazolam concentrations
      in umbilical vein were 137 and 256 ng.ml-1. Spontaneous breathing and movement of
      the newborns were restrained in both cases and these sedations facilitated
      preoperative general management for newborns with CDH.

PMID- 13677290
TI  - [Anesthetic management of cesarean section in a patient with severe obesity].
AB  - A 35-year-old pregnant woman (weight, 129.5 kg; height, 156 cm; 37 weeks of
      pregnancy) with a body mass index of 53 was scheduled for a cesarean section. It
      was thought that epidural or spinal anesthesia might result in complications due
      to her severe obesity. It was therefore decided to use general anesthesia
      following awake intubation. Her baby was delivered, and her Apgar scores at 1 and
      5 minutes after delivery were 8 and 9 points, respectively. During surgery, she
      developed hypoxia due to upper shift of the diaphragm. After surgery, she was
      extubated after improvement of her oxygenation under spontaneous breathing. This
      case demonstrates that difficulties may be encountered during anesthetic
      management of a severely obese patient undergoing cesarean section.

PMID- 13677291
TI  - [Differential lung ventilation by use of a combination of a laryngeal mask airway
      and an endotracheal tube in a pediatric patient with atelectasis of the right
      lung].
AB  - A 5-month-old boy was diagnosed as having complete atelectasis of the right lung
      due to RS virus infection at the age of 1 month. Conventional respiratory
      physical therapy, inhalation therapy and mechanical ventilation through an
      endotracheal tube failed to re-expand the right lung, while the left lung
      gradually became overinflated. We therefore tried differential lung ventilation
      by using a combination of a laryngeal mask airway and an extra long endotracheal
      tube (ID, 3.5 mm; length, 280 mm; Portex Pediatric Tracheal Tube, Extra length;
      SIMS Portex Co., Ltd. UK). Following induction of anesthesia, a laryngeal mask
      airway #2 was inserted. Then, an extra long endotracheal tube was inserted
      through the laryngeal mask airway and was guided to the right main bronchus with
      the aid of a fiberscope. The right lung was selectively lavaged and inflated with
      high pressure while ventilation was maintained through the laryngeal mask airway.
      The SpO2 value was maintained at more than 95% throughout the procedure despite
      some leakage from the ventilation system. The case demonstrates that differential
      lung ventilation by use of a combination of a laryngeal mask airway and extra
      long endotracheal tube is useful for the treatment of a pediatric patient with
      severe atelectasis.

PMID- 13677292
TI  - [False decrease in pulse oximetry readings due to patent blue in a patient with
      breast cancer].
AB  - A 61-year-old woman with breast cancer was scheduled for breast preserving
      therapy under general anesthesia. After the tracheal intubation, 4 ml of 2%
      patent blue was injected into the skin to determine sentinel lymph node. Thirty
      seconds after injection, the pulse oximetry reading (SpO2) decreased from 100% to
      60% and recovered to 90% over the next 5 minutes. At the time when SpO2 was 88%,
      arterial blood gas analysis showed PaO2 184.4 mmHg (FIO2 0.45) and all other
      vital signs were normal. About 120 minutes later, SpO2 rose to 99%. The operation
      was completed uneventfully and the patient recovered from anesthesia smoothly.
      After extubation, arterial blood gas analysis was performed again and it showed
      PaO2 of 82.5 mmHg (FIO2 0.21). We conclude that patent blue injection caused this
      decrease in SpO2 and recommend to evaluate the oxygen status not only by pulse
      oximetry but also by blood gas analysis when patent blue is used.

PMID- 13677293
TI  - [Merits and demerits of silicone oil(SO)--do you want SO to be injected?].

PMID- 13677294
TI  - [Surgery for strabismus secondary to ethmoid sinus surgery].
AB  - PURPOSE: To review the outcome of surgery for strabismus due to ethmoid sinus
      surgery. CASES AND METHODS: The series comprised 13 cases, 1 of inferior rectus
      paresis, 1 of superior oblique paresis, 6 of medial rectus paresis, and 5 of
      medial rectus muscle palsy due to third nerve palsy. In the cases of paresis of
      the rectus muscle, resection of the rectus muscles was mainly performed. In the
      cases of palsy of the rectus muscle, transposition of the extraocular muscle with
      simultaneous recession of the lateral rectus muscle was performed. The major aim
      of surgery was to bring both eyes into alignment and to eliminate diplopia in the
      primary position. RESULTS: The mean preoperative horizontal deviation of 18.1
      degrees of exotropia in the paresis cases was reduced to 1.4 degrees of exotropia
      after surgery. The mean preoperative vertical deviation of 3.8 degrees of
      hypertropia was reduced to 1.4 degrees of hypertropia postoperatively. The mean
      preoperative horizontal deviation of 35.6 degrees of exotropia in the palsy cases
      was reduced to 9.4 degrees of exotropia after surgery. The mean preoperative
      vertical deviation of 2.0 degrees of hypertropia was increased to 2.6 degrees of
      hypertropia postoperatively. Postoperatively, diplopia was absent in 11 cases
      with a slightly compensatory head posture. CONCLUSION: Surgery for strabismus due
      to sinus surgery induces improvements in eye position and diplopia.

PMID- 13677295
TI  - [A comparison of visual field and optic disc appearance depending on the peak
      intraocular pressure in patients with normal-tension glaucoma].
AB  - PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical differences between the two groups depending
      on the peak intraocular pressure(IOP) in patients with normal-tension
      glaucoma(NTG). METHODS: We studied 96 eyes of 48 NTG patients who were
      hospitalized for diurnal IOP measurement. Then we selected the eye whose peak IOP
      was higher than the other, or the right eye if the peak IOP of both eyes was
      equal. We divided these eyes into a "high-teen" group (peak IOP > or = 16 mmHg)
      and a "low-teen" group(peak IOP < or = 15 mmHg). We compared these two groups by
      age, gender, refraction, IOP, visual field defect, optic disc appearance, and
      tomograph. We used a Humphrey C 30-2 program to estimate the visual field defect
      and classified the optic disc into four types according to Nicolela's criteria.
      22 eyes were imaged with Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) to obtain topographic
      parameters of the optic disc. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in
      age, gender, refraction, optic disc appearance, or tomograph between two groups.
      The trough and variation range of diurnal IOP were significantly larger in the
      high-teen group(p < 0.01). The value of mean deviation(MD) given by STATPAC was
      statistically lower in the high-teen group(p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In patients
      with NTG, the visual field damage tended to be greater in the high-teen group
      than in the low-teen group. We surmise that the IOP might influence the
      progression of visual field defect in NTG.

PMID- 13677296
TI  - [Surgical removal of choroidal neovascularization in angioid streaks].
AB  - PURPOSE: All the studies so far on surgical removal of choroidal
      neovascularization (CNV) in angioid streaks(AS) were conducted on a small number
      of cases. Therefore, a definitive evaluation of the surgical method was not
      available. The present study aimed to evaluate this surgical modality. SUBJECTS
      AND METHOD: We performed surgical removal of foveal CNV accompanied by AS.
      Eighteen eyes of seventeen patients were available for follow-up of over 12
      months. Surgical indications included foveal CNV, fluorescence leakage from the
      CNV in late-phase fluorescein angiography, and visual acuity of 0.3 or lower.
      RESULTS: The best visual acuity was improved in 44% and unchanged in 44%. The
      final visual acuity was improved in 33% and unchanged in 39%. 22% had a
      preoperative visual acuity of 0.2 or above; and 44% and 17% achieved best and
      final visual acuity, respectively, of 0.2 or above. Since all cases developed
      atrophy of the choriocapillaris in the fovea, none of the cases were capable of
      fixation within atrophy. The fixation point was localized outside atrophy in 56%
      and fixation was poor in 44%. The diameter of postoperative atrophy of
      choriocapillaris was significantly greater (p < 0.05) than the preoperative CNV
      diameter. CNV recurred in 8 eyes(44%), 88% of which occurred within one year.
      CONCLUSION: Surgical removal of CNV in AS is an effective method to maintain
      preoperative visual acuity.

PMID- 13677297
TI  - [A case of sympathetic ophthalmia secondary to silicone oil granuloma].
AB  - BACKGROUND: Sympathetic ophthalmia occurred after removal of silicone oil(SO)
      from a blind eye with chronic retinal detachment for 20 years. The enucleated eye
      was examined histopathologically. CASE: A 22-year-old man had been diagnosed with
      traumatic retinal detachment from blunt trauma to his left eye when he was 3
      years old. Pars plana vitrectomy with SO injection was performed at that time,
      but he lost the sense of light in that eye. Twenty years later, he experienced
      ocular pain because of absolute glaucoma. Sympathetic ophthalmia has occurred
      after pars plana vitrectomy with removal of SO and cyclophotocoagulation. The
      left eye was enucleated and examined histopathologically. RESULT:
      Histopathological study of the enucleated eye revealed necrosis of the ciliary
      body due to cyclophotocoagulation. Multiple small round empty spaces which may
      have been SO droplets were observed in the preretinal membrane, the subretinal
      space, and the choroidal stroma. In the choroid, diffuse granulomatous
      inflammation which could be called "silicone oil granuloma" was observed.
      Calcified drusens were seen at the peripheral fundus. DISCUSSION: An eye
      containing injected SO for a long period might develop SO granuloma in the
      choroid and such condition could be the basis for subsequent sympathetic
      ophthalmia if a second operation with uveal damage was added.

PMID- 13677298
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus].

PMID- 13677299
TI  - [Three-dimensional DSA imaging and 3-dimensional measurement of cross section for
      internal carotid artery stenosis].
AB  - We have performed rotational DSA for internal carotid artetry (ICA) stenosis and
      examined cross sectional imaging of the stenosis. Then, we compared the area
      stenosis rate (ASR) with stenosis rate by NASCET method and with results of
      duplex carotid ultrasonography. Of consecutive 451 patients who underwent digital
      subtraction angiography, 28 patients with ICA stenosis were selected for this
      study. Imaging data were transmitted to a workstation, and three-dimension (3-D)
      images were prepared, and cross sectional images of the highest-grade stenotic
      portion were obtained. ASRs were calculated [1-(the area of highest stenotic
      portion of ICA/the area of distal ICA)] x 100, which were compared with stenosis
      rates by NASCET method, as well as peak systolic velocity ratios (PSVR) of ICA to
      common carotid artery (CCA) determined by duplex carotid ultrasonography (USG).
      Cross sectional images in all patients were made except for restless patients,
      thereby morphology of the stenosis was feasible and measurements of cross section
      and diameter were possible. ASR and stenosis rate by NASCET method showed a very
      high correlation, and ASR was obtained by formula of (12.886 + 1.037 x stenosis
      rate by NASCET method). In patients with distorted stenosis, the stenosis rate
      was overestimated by NASECT method. ICA/CCA PSVR could predict stenosis to some
      extent, and in particular, all the patients with ICA/CCA PSVR of 3.1 or greater
      were found to have high grade stenosis. However duplex carotid USG failed to
      detect stenosis in a patient with high-grade stenosis at high position. In
      conclusion, as to ICA stenosis, 3-D image could show the stenosis precisely, and
      was considered to be useful as a routine examination.

PMID- 13677300
TI  - [Cognitive dysfunction in 32 diffuse axonal injury cases].
AB  - In acute stage of traumatic brain injury, it is not easy to diagnose diffuse
      axonal injury (DAI) by computer imaging. Even in chronic stage, DAIs occasionally
      show no remarkable abnormality by ordinal CT or MRI images. We retrospectively
      studied 32 DAI cases by the Functional Independence Measure (FIM), a battery of
      neuropsychological tests and CT or MRI films of acute and chronic phase. The
      result showed decrease of cognitive function in 32 DAI cases. The degree of
      enlargement of the ventricles in chronic stage did not correlate with cognitive
      dysfunction.

PMID- 13677301
TI  - [Neuroradiological study of cerebral microlesions (2): changes in elderly].
AB  - BACKGROUND: Some of the cerebral microlesions less than 3 mm in diameter observed
      on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are considered to represent pathological
      processes. The present study investigated changes due to aging in microlesions
      according to anatomical regions and phenotypes. PATIENTS: A total of 390 cases
      without localized lesions other than lacune less than 15 mm in diameter were
      studied. METHOD: Microlesion type on MRI was categorized into hypo-, iso-, and
      hyper-intensities on T1-weighted (T1WI), T 2-weighted (T2WI), and proton-weighted
      or fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (proton/FLAIR) images. Correlations
      between unidentified bright objects (UBO) in white matter and vascular risk
      factors were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Microlesions
      of the upper basal ganglia showing low intensity on T1WI, high intensity on T2WI
      and iso intensity on proton/FLAIR, and showing low intensity on T1WI, high
      intensity on T2WI and low intensity on proton/FLAIR increased with age, whereas
      those showing low intensity on T1WI, iso intensity on T2WI, and low intensity on
      proton/FLAIR of the upper basal ganglia decreased. In subcortical white matter,
      microlesions of the first two types: and those showing iso intensity on T1WI,
      high intensity on T2WI and iso intensity on proton/FLAIR decreased with age.
      Conversely, UBO increased with age, and significantly correlated with
      hypertension. CONCLUSION: Although microlesions in the upper basal ganglia
      increase with age, those in the subcortical white matter decrease with age. These
      observations suggest pathological changes surrounding small arteries with aging
      in the brain.

PMID- 13677302
TI  - [Effect of zonisamide on resting tremor resistant to antiparkinsonian
      medication].
AB  - The antiparkinsonian effect of zonisamide (ZNS), an antiepileptic agent, has been
      reported. Generally, resting tremor of patients with Parkinson's disease is not
      the main therapeutic target in this disease. However, depending on the social
      situation of the patient, the amelioration of the tremor may be necessary. In
      this study, we examined the effect of ZNS on tremor in nine patients who desired
      amelioration of their tremor. Except for tremor, they seemed to be under optimal
      therapeutic condition based on their daily activities. By the add-on
      administration of ZNS, the degree of tremor was reduced in seven out of nine
      patients (p < 0.0017). Although one patient felt sleepiness and two patients had
      a transient loss of appetite, all the patients tolerated the eight-week ZNS
      administration period. The final dose of ZNS was 100 mg/day in the majority of
      the patients. Although the mechanism of the antitremulous effect of ZNS is not
      yet clear, other than the enhancement of dopaminergic transmission, some specific
      action of the drug on tremor may exist. A more detailed random examination should
      be carried out.

PMID- 13677303
TI  - [Manual tracing guideline for volumetry of hippocampus and amygdala with high
      resolution MRI].
AB  - Both the hippocampus and amygdala are frequently targeted by researchers and
      clinicians for volumetric analysis based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
      However, different data acquisition, analysis software and anatomical boundaries
      have in the past made it difficult to compare results of MRI studies from
      different laboratories. A reliable original segmentation protocol for volumetry
      of the amygdala and hippocampus on three-dimensional MRI was established by
      including merits of previous volumetric studies. Two skilled raters measured
      randomly selected 20 subjects from 242 subjects recently scanned in our
      institution (mean age 47.6 +/- 6.1 years). Data acquisition was performed with a
      three-dimensional spoiled gradient echo technique. Volumetric analysis was
      performed manually using three-dimensional software that allowed coronal,
      sagittal, and transverse images at any time. Both intra- and inter-rater
      reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients) yielded 0.99 for the
      hippocampus and 0.98 for the amygdala. It was confirmed that this segmentation
      protocol was highly reliable.

PMID- 13677304
TI  - [A case presenting vertical one-and-a-half syndrome and seesaw nystagmus due to
      thalamomesencephalic infarction].
AB  - A 58-year-old woman presented, conjugate upgaze palsy and monocular paresis of
      downward gaze in the ipsilateral eye (vertical one-and-a-half syndrome; VOHS) as
      well as seesaw nystagmus (SSN). Vertical oculocephalic response and conjugate
      horizontal gaze were preserved. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a right
      thalamo-mesencephalic infarction including the rostral interstitial nucleus of
      the medial longitudinal fasciculus (riMLF) and the interstitial nucleus of Cajal.
      On the 22nd hospital day SSN was disappeared, and then on the 32nd day VOHS was
      improved. The lesions of VOHS may have affected the efferent tracts of riMLF and
      the descending fibres to the ipsilateral subnucleus of the inferior rectus and
      contralateral subnucleus of the superior oblique. Furthermore, it was assumed
      that SSN was caused simultaneously by a lesion in the interstitial nucleus of
      Cajal existing in the adjacent area of riMLF.

PMID- 13677305
TI  - [Multiple cerebral embolism caused by a patent foramen ovale and a uterine
      myoma].
AB  - Recently, patent foramen ovale(PFO) has been highlighted as an important risk
      factor of cerebral infarctions in young adults. We report a patient of multiple
      cerebral embolism associated with PFO and deep venous thrombosis caused by a
      uterine myoma. A 40-year-old woman suddenly suffered from right hemiparesis with
      motor aphasia. Brain angiography showed an occlusion of M2 portion of the left
      middle cerebral artery, but atherosclerotic changes were not seen. She developed
      left facial paresis 23 days later and admitted to our hospital. Brain MRI
      revealed multiple cerebral infarcts in the left insular cortex, the deep white
      matter of the right frontal lobe, and bilateral thalamus. Hypoxia with the
      perfusion defects of S1 and S2 sections of the right lung demonstrated by
      scintigraphy suggested pulmonary embolism. Transesophageal echocardiography
      showed a PFO with spontaneous left-to-right shunt and right-to-left shunt evoked
      by the Valsalva maneuver. Although venography could not detect thrombi, it
      revealed severe compression of the right external iliac vein by a uterine myoma.
      These findings suggested thrombi in the right external iliac vein were the
      embolic source when combined with elevated coagulation markers. An uterine myoma
      should be considered as an important risk factor for an embolic source in case of
      cerebral embolism with PFO.

PMID- 13677306
TI  - [Chronological changes in the vasculature and the cerebral blood flow of two
      patients with isolated angiitis of the central nervous system].
AB  - Isolated angiitis of the central nervous system (IAC) is an inflammatory, rare
      vasculopathy confined to the central nervous system, and the exact etiology has
      remained uncertain. We report serial changes in the vasculature and the mean
      cerebral blood flow (mCBF) in two patients with IAC. The first patient, a 58-year
      old female, had sudden onset of severe headache and CT 4 days later showed
      cerebral hemorrhage in the frontal lobe. MRA revealed that the main trunks were
      dilated on admission, whereas two weeks later, diffuse narrowing of affected
      arteries occurred in multiple vascular distributions. She required about two
      months for almost full recovery in MRA findings. Mean CBF during the period of
      vascular narrowing did not correlate with the form of vasculature, and was much
      the same as that in the chronic phase. The second patient, a 24-year-old female,
      presented with severe headache one day after delivery following an uncomplicated
      pregnancy. MRA findings showed that, at first, segmental stenoses were located
      only in the peripheral regions of the middle cerebral artery, but this vascular
      abnormality spread to the anterior, middle and posterior cerebral arteries. She
      showed almost full recovery in MRA findings after about 3 months. SPECT analysis
      showed approximately 35% decrease in mCBF compared with that in the chronic
      phase. In the first case, hyperemia, which was caused by inflammatory cells
      infiltrating into the brain parenchyma through the vessel wall, contributed to
      cerebral hemorrhage. On the other hand, in the second case it was presumed that
      because inflammation was restricted to the vascular wall, mCBF consequently
      correlated with the form of vasculature. Our experience suggests that IAC has
      several etiologies.

PMID- 13677307
TI  - [Superficial siderosis in a patient with prolactinoma].

PMID- 13677308
TI  - [The serial change of unruptured cerebral aneurysm by 3-dimensional MR
      angiography].

PMID- 13677309
TI  - [A case presenting clinical features of spinocerebellar degeneration with
      dentatorubral tract involvement in MRI. Clinical conference].

PMID- 13677310
TI  - [Identification opportunity for several types of eye injuries].
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To study the stability duration of visual acuity after eye injuries in
      several types, in order to define the earliest and best opportunity for
      identification. METHODS: 160 cases were divided into five groups, in which their
      stable visual acuity after injuries were divided into several ranges. Then the
      relationship between stability duration of visual acuity and their visual acuity
      level, as well as eye injury types were analyzed. RESULTS: Significant
      correlation existed between eye injury types, stable visual acuity level and
      stability duration of visual acuity after injuries. CONCLUSION: The earliest and
      best opportunity for identification after eyes injuries related to injury types
      and visual acuity level.

PMID- 13677311
TI  - [The compare disquisition of the collateral ligaments: normal and pathologic
      appearances on MRI].
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the MR findings of normal and abnormal collateral ligament
      and the meaning of medical jurisprudence appraisal. METHODS: The MR findings of
      12 normal and 13 surgically confirmed injured collateral ligaments were
      retrospectively reviewed and compared. RESULTS: The normal tibial and fibular
      collateral ligaments were hypointense string on both T1 and T2 coronal MR images,
      with average length of 6.8 cm for tibial collateral ligament and 5.7 cm for
      fibular collateral ligament.13 collateral ligaments were injured, including 6
      tibial and 3 fibular collateral ligaments. Two cases(4 ligaments) had both tibial
      and fibularcollateral ligaments injuries. The injury of collateral ligament was
      classified as: Grade I(5 ligaments), Grade II(5 ligaments), and Grade III(3
      ligaments). The complications of anterior cruciate ligament sprains(3 cases),
      posterior cruciate ligament sprains(4 cases), meniscal tear(2 cases) were found
      in 7 patients(63.6%). CONCLUSION: Coronal MR imaging can clearly demonstrate the
      structure of the knee collateral ligaments, accurately diagnose and classify the
      ligament injury, and correctly detect the complications, MRI is very valuable for
      medical jurisprudence appraisal.

PMID- 13677312
TI  - [Expression of the glycoprotein in atrioventricular cell membrane of acute
      myocardial infarction in human].
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of the glycoprotein in atrioventricular cell
      membrane of the acute myocardial infarction. METHODS: The glycoprotein changes
      occurred at the atrioventricular cell membrane of the acute myocardial infarction
      of 8 cases were observed by using immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS: Positive
      staining of PNA could be observed in atrioventricular cell membrane. CONCLUSION:
      This experiment proved that atrioventricular cell membrane expressed D-galactose
      as same as myocardial cell membrane in the acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 13677313
TI  - [The differences between left & right side development of osteophiphysis in
      estimating male juvenile age].
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The influence on age estimation by comparing the differences between
      left and right side development of osteophiphysis. METHODS: 27 osteophiphysis
      development indexes in the X-ray films of 6 major joints and pelvises in 130 male
      juveniles were observed. The positions and levels of difference between left and
      right side development of osteophiphysis were compared. The male juvenile age by
      regression equation according to left side and right side were estimated
      respectively. RESULTS: In 76 cases, the age estimation results are the same for
      both sides. In 47 cases, the difference between left and right side is less than
      6 months. In 7 cases, the difference is between 6 and 12 months. The error of
      94.6% age estimation is within 6 months. The differences between left and right
      osteophiphysis development are often found in proximal humerus, distal radius,
      distal ulna and crista iliaca. CONCLUSION: The subtle difference between left and
      right osteophiphysis development has no influence on age estimation.

PMID- 13677314
TI  - [The relationship between expression of FN in human skin injury and early injury
      time].
AB  - OBJECTIVE: In order to supply an effective reference of early injury time
      estimation and explore the time limit of detection of EDA?EDB mRNA in human skin
      samples, the expression of alternative splicing segment of fibronectin--EDA?EDB
      in incised wound of human skin were studied. METHODS: Using in situ hybridization
      with DIG-labeled anti-sense RNA probe, the expression of FN EDA?EDB domain was
      detected in human skin incised wound at the early stage of injury (from 30 min to
      3 h). RESULTS: The positive expression rates of FN-EDA?EDB immediately after
      injury and area far away from wound were same as the control group. The
      expression of FN-EDA?EDB in human skin incised wound showed a gradually increased
      tendency in early injury time (within 3 h). The positive expression cells were
      mainly distributed in basement cells of epidermis and the expression of EDA is
      much higher than EDB. It's difficult to detect EDA?EDB mRNA when the samples were
      deposited in air for 4 hour. CONCLUSION: FN-EDA?EDB may be used as a sensitive
      mark for the estimation of early injury time. The in-situ hybridization technique
      is not applicable in the application.

PMID- 13677315
TI  - [Genetic polymorphism and the population difference of 7 Y-STR loci and
      haplotypes in Chinese Han and Japanese populations].
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To investigate the genetic polymorphism of 7 Y-STR loci and haplotypes
      and analyze their population difference. METHODS: The DNA samples from 45 Chinese
      Han and 59 Japanese men were analyzed by PCR and the denatured PAGE followed by
      silver staining. RESULTS: 33 alleles were identified for 6 loci including DYS393,
      DYS389 I, DYS19, DYS390, DYS389 II and DYS392, 39 alleles were identified for DYS
      385, the frequency distributions were between 0.0169-0.6444, the DP value
      distributions of them were between 0.5406-0.9579, the DP value of DYS 385 was the
      highest. With the comparison of data of the 7 loci, significant difference in
      genetics was observed between the two populations(P < 0.05). There were 95
      haplotypes that consisted of the 7 loci, Chinese Han had 41 haplotypes, DP value
      0.9960, Japanese population had 54 haplotypes, DP value 0.9965, no common
      haplotypes were found between them. CONCLUSION: The 7 STR loci above belong to
      loci of high discriminating ability, the haplotypes are highly polymorphic and
      their ethical character is apparent.

PMID- 13677316
TI  - [The genetic polymorphism of 8 STR loci in northern Chinese Han and Uygur
      populations].
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The genetic polymorphism of 8 STR loci, was studied in northern
      Chinese Han and Uygur populations. METHODS: The 8STR loci(vWA,TH01, TP0X, CSF1P0,
      D5S818, D13S317, D7S820, D16S539) were analyzed and genotyped by fluorescent
      prime labeling kit and gene scan technology. RESULTS: 62 alleles were found in
      100 individuals of Han population, CPE value was 0.9975; And 52 alleles were
      found in 50 individuals of Uygue population, CPE value was 0.9973. The TDP of
      both was beyond 0.9999. The difference of gene frequency between the two
      populations was significant. CONCLUSION: The genetic polymorphism of the 8 STR
      loci in the Han and Uygue populations is high, there are ethic differences in
      frequency distribution.

PMID- 13677317
TI  - [Genotype reliability of short tandem repeats typing from minute DNA].
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To understand the forensic practice of DNA profiling from minimal
      amount of DNA. METHODS: Serial dilutions of DNA were amplified with the PowerPlex
      16 System Kit, then the genotyping of short tandem repeat(STR) was performed by
      ABI 377 DNA automated Sequencer. RESULTS: When the mount of DNA template was less
      than 250 pg, allelic drop-out apparently occurred at several loci. Other
      disturbed peaks, such as artefact bands and imbalanced heterozygote, also
      presented. CONCLUSION: The anomalous results may result in incorrect genotyping.
      Careful and comprehensive considerations are needed to interpret the STR profile
      of minute DNA.

PMID- 13677318
TI  - Two patients with acute thrombocytopenia following gold administration and five
      year follow-up.
AB  - Thrombocytopenia is a well-known side effect following intramuscular gold therapy
      in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Thrombocytopenia may occur at any time and
      it can be irreversible and sometimes fatal despite cytotoxic or immunosuppressive
      therapy. We describe two patients who presented with haemorrhagic diathesis on
      the day after the administration of aurothioglucose. The thrombocytopenia in
      these patients was caused by aurothioglucose-induced antibody-mediated platelet
      destruction. Both patients made an uneventful recovery and the platelet count
      returned to normal within several weeks without further treatment. Antibody
      detecting tests were repeated five years later and could not demonstrate the
      presence of antibodies. Also after incubation with aurothioglucose no antibodies
      could be demonstrated.

PMID- 13677319
TI  - Structure and evolution of the teleost extraretinal rod-like opsin (errlo) and
      ocular rod opsin (rho) genes: is teleost rho a retrogene?
AB  - In Teleost fish examined to date the ocular rod opsin gene, rho, is intronless,
      unlike the rod opsin genes of other vertebrate classes which possess a five
      exon/four intron structure. We have examined in silico the structure of rho
      (which is expressed uniquely in the retina) and the closely related extraretinal
      rod-like opsin (exo-rhodopsin) gene, errlo (which is expressed uniquely in the
      pineal), in the puffer-fish, Fugu rubripes (Takifugu rubripes). Whilst the ocular
      rho is intronless in common with other Teleosts, the pineal errlo has the five
      exon/four intron structure common to the rod opsin gene of other vertebraes. A
      comparison of the sequence surrounding the errlo and rho loci indicates that the
      errlo locus is syntenic with RHO, the human rod opsin gene, rather than rho. We
      suggest that the intronless rho may have arisen through an ancient
      retrotransposition of a mature mRNA originating from errlo. This duplication
      event has occurred early in the evolution of the Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish)
      since the rho of the primitive Actinopterygians such as sturgeon, bowfin, and gar
      is also intronless. Since it appears that the intron containing errlo is the
      ancestral opsin gene that gave rise to the intronless rho in the Teleostei, errlo
      is therefore the true orthologue of the rod opsin gene in other vertebrate
      classes. We suggest that loss of expression of errlo in the retina could be
      related to the metabolic and physiological advantages, such as a reduction in
      splicing events during RNA processing, that may be conferred through possession
      of an additional, intronless rod opsin gene in the form of rho.

PMID- 13677320
TI  - [When morning blood pressure increases steeply. Stroke risk also increases].

PMID- 13677322
TI  - Strain and age differences in behaviour, fear response and pecking tendency in
      laying hens.
AB  - 1. Behaviours associated with a high or low tendency to feather peck could be
      used as predictors of feather pecking behaviour in selective breeding programmes.
      This study investigated how strain and age at testing influenced responses in
      behavioural tests. 2. Four layer-type strains (ISA Brown, Columbian Blacktail,
      Ixworth and a high feather pecking (HP) and a low feather pecking (LP) line of
      White Leghorn) were reared in 6 same-strain/line pens of 8 birds from one day
      old. Birds in half the pens were given an open field test, a novel object test
      and a test with loose feather bundles between 4 and 12 weeks of age and a tonic
      immobility (TI) test at 13 weeks of age. All pens were tested with fixed feather
      bundles at 26 weeks, and undisturbed behaviour in the home pens was videoed at 1
      and 27 weeks of age. Daily records of plumage damage were used as an indicator of
      feather pecking activity in the home pens. 3. Strain did not influence novel
      object test, open field test or loose feather test behaviour, although age
      effects in all three tests indicated a reduction in fearfulness and/or an
      increase in exploratory behaviour with increasing age. 4. White Leghorns showed
      longer TI durations than the other strains but less pecking at fixed feather
      bundles than ISA Browns and Columbian Blacktails. 5. There were few associations
      between behaviour in the 5 different tests, indicating that birds did not have
      overall behavioural traits that were consistent across different contexts. This
      suggests hens cannot easily be categorised into different behavioural 'types',
      based on their test responses and casts doubt on the usefulness of tests as
      predictors of feather pecking.

PMID- 13677321
TI  - [Promoting breastfeeding].
AB  - The World Health Organization considers maternal breast feeding to be the ideal
      manner to feed a newborn child, as well as being a unique biological and
      emotional base, and recommends breast feeding to be the exclusive feeding method
      until the age of six months. After a period of massive abandonment caused by
      multiple socio-cultural causes beginning about a half century ago, breast feeding
      is now starting to make a slow recuperation. In Spain, there is an initial
      predisposition to breast feed of about 80%. However, in spite of the initiatives
      carried out by organizations and professional groups, the admission of mother and
      child into a hospital has a negative effect on breast feeding. Therefore, the
      authors have designed an program to use in a health education course to promote
      breast feeding while under hospital care.

PMID- 13677323
TI  - Fructans in crested wheatgrass leaves.
AB  - Crested wheatgrass is an important cool-season grass that has become naturalized
      in many semiarid regions of the western U.S. It provides ground cover and reduces
      soil erosion caused by water and wind. Additionally, crested wheatgrass produces
      important forage for livestock and wildlife on 6 to 8 million hectars of western
      rangeland. It is well adapted to semiarid cold desert regions because of its cool
      temperature growth and drought tolerance. Understanding the biosynthesis of
      fructans in crested wheatgrass is important because of their likely role in both
      cool temperature growth and drought tolerance. Recent research described a major
      gene (6-SFT) in crested wheatgrass that is involved in fructan biosynthesis. 1
      kestotriose, the major DP3 fructan in crested wheatgrass, serves as the substrate
      for the two major DP4 fructans, 1&6-kestotetraose and 1,1-kestotetraose. The
      three major DP5 fructans are 1&6,1-kestopentaose, 1,1&6-kestopentaose and 1,1,1
      kestopentaose. The major DP6 fructan is 1&6, 1&6-kestohexaose. We postulate that
      1&6,1&6-kestohexaose is synthesized from the addition of a fructose to 1&6, 1
      kestopentaose. This paper provides structures of the various DP 3, 4, 5 and 6
      fructan types produced by crested wheatgrass and provides suggested biosynthetic
      pathways for all major fructan linkage types present.

PMID- 13677324
TI  - Assessment of the clinical and virological protection provided by a commercial
      inactivated bovine viral diarrhoea virus genotype 1 vaccine against a BVDV
      genotype 2 challenge.
AB  - A new genotype of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), designated BVDV-2, has
      emerged in the last decade and in recent years the prevalence of BVDV-2 strains
      has increased. A vaccination-challenge study was carried out to determine the
      cross-protective efficacy of a commercial inactivated vaccine containing a BVDV-1
      strain. A group of five BVDV-free calves was vaccinated twice and a second group
      of five calves served as negative controls. Two months after the first
      vaccination, all the calves were challenged intranasally with BVDV-2 strain
      BVD890. The clinical signs of disease, the changes in haematological variables
      and the level of viraemia were significantly less in the vaccinated group.

PMID- 13677325
TI  - ST-segment displacement in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: myocardial necrosis or
      apoptosis?
AB  - An electrocardiographic pattern resembling myocardial infarction is a rare
      condition in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. We report the case of a Duchenne boy,
      aged 12 years and 7 month, who, during a programmed examination, showed
      electrocardiographic signs of ST segment elevation, without symptoms usually
      accompanying myocardial infarction (chest pain, dyspnoea, sweating). The
      biological markers of myocardial damage became positive on the 2nd day and
      recovered on the 5th day. Clinical features of this uncommon pattern are
      described, with the retrospective evaluation of similar cases from personal
      records. The differential diagnosis between myocardial necrosis and apoptosis is
      discussed.

PMID- 13677326
TI  - Mild depression in general practice: time for a rethink?
AB  - Clinical studies, conducted chiefly in hospital settings, have demonstrated that
      antidepressant drug therapy is effective treatment for major depressive disorder
      of at least moderate severity, and that cognitive therapy is an effective
      alternative to antidepressants in mild to moderate major depression. However, few
      clinical trials have taken place in general practice, where the great majority of
      patients with depression are managed. Most such patients in this setting do not
      meet diagnostic criteria for major depression, and are often described more
      loosely as having 'mild depression'. Many are given an antidepressant, often as
      the first step in treatment. Here, we consider whether this is the optimal
      approach for adults with mild depression in general practice.

PMID- 13677327
TI  - [Antiplatelet drugs in prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease:
      aspirin is obligatory, quite sufficient, and safe].

PMID- 13677328
TI  - [Antiplatelet drugs in prevention of complications of arteriosclerotic diseases:
      it is necessary to move beyond aspirin].

PMID- 13677329
TI  - [New perspectives of the use of angiotensin II receptor blocker].

PMID- 13677330
TI  - Landscape change and human activity. Selected papers from the 2nd International
      Conference on Landscape Ecology of Asia and Pacific Region. Lanzhou, China,
      September 22-25, 2001.

PMID- 13677331
TI  - Proceedings of the 1st International Meeting on Molecular Staging of Cancer.
      Munich, Germany, December 6-8, 2001.

PMID- 13677332
TI  - Tubular sclerosis and the question of genetics.

PMID- 13677334
TI  - [Anesthesia and perioperative management in a women with HELLP syndrome
      undergoing cesarean section].

PMID- 13677335
TI  - Provably sensitive indexing strategies for biosequence similarity search.
AB  - Fast algorithms for pairwise biosequence similarity search frequently use
      filtering and indexing strategies to identify potential matches between a query
      sequence and a database. For the most part, these strategies are not informed by
      the substitution score matrices commonly used by comparison algorithms to assign
      numerical scores to pairs of aligned residues. Consequently, although many
      filtering strategies offer strong formal guarantees about their ability to detect
      pairs of sequences differing by few substitutions, these methods can make no
      guarantee of detecting pairs with high similarity scores. We describe a general
      technique, score simulation, to help resolve the tension between existing
      filtering techniques and the use of score matrices. Score simulation, using score
      matrices, maps ungapped similarity search problems to the simpler problem of
      finding pairs of strings that differ by few substitutions. Score simulation leads
      to indexing schemes for biosequences that permit efficient ungapped similarity
      search with arbitrary score matrices while maintaining strong formal guarantees
      of sensitivity. We introduce the LSH-ALL-PAIRS-SIM algorithm for finding local
      similarities in large biosequence collections and show that it is both
      computationally feasible and sensitive in practice.

PMID- 13677336
TI  - Study outlines further risks associated with hormone replacement therapy.

PMID- 13677337
TI  - Study calls for earlier diabetes screening of overweight and minority patients.

PMID- 13677338
TI  - Goal-oriented checklist cuts ICU length of stay in half.

PMID- 13677339
TI  - Pharmacist-physician partnership reduces unwanted drug consequences.

PMID- 13677340
TI  - Hepatitis B and C in the hemodialysis unit of Tocantins, Brazil: serological and
      molecular profiles.
AB  - A survey was conducted in the hemodialysis population of the state of Tocantins,
      Brazil, aiming to assess the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis
      C virus (HCV) infections, to analyze associated risk factors, and also to
      investigate these viruses genotypes distribution. During January and March 2001,
      all patients (n = 100) were interviewed at the unique dialysis unit in Tocantins.
      Blood samples were collected and serum samples were screened for HBV serological
      markers. Hepatitis B surface antigen positive samples were tested for HBV DNA.
      All samples were also tested for anti-HCV antibodies and HCV RNA. An overall
      prevalence of 45% was found for HBV infection (4% were HBsAg/anti-HBc positive,
      2% were anti-HBc only and 39% had anti-HBc/anti-HBs markers). Concerning HCV
      infection, anti-HCV and HCV RNA were detected in 13% and 14% of the subjects,
      respectively. Three patients were HCV RNA positive and anti-HCV negative,
      resulting in an overall HCV prevalence of 16%. Univariate analysis of risk
      factors showed that only shift and length of tile on hemodialysis were associated
      with HBV and HCV positivity respectively. Among the four HBsAg-positive samples,
      HBV DNA was detected in three of them, which were identified as genotype A by
      restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. All 14HCV RNA-positive
      samples were genotyped by INNO-LiPA. Genotypes la and 3a were found in 85% and
      15%, respectively. The present data show low HBsAg and HCV prevalence rates. The
      risk factors associated with HBV and HCV positivity suggest that nosocomial
      transmission may influence in spreading these viruses in the dialysis unit
      studied.

PMID- 13677341
TI  - Extending the graft size limits of live-donor liver transplantation.

PMID- 13677343
TI  - VA Puget Sound reaps benefits of automation.

PMID- 13677342
TI  - Differential gene expression in glomeruli and renal interstitium.

PMID- 13677344
TI  - An Association marches onward, a nation goes to war.

PMID- 13677345
TI  - Lessons learned from SARS outbreak.

PMID- 13677346
TI  - Reimagining the natural frontier. [Review of: Valencius, CB. The health of the
      country: how American settlers understood themselves and their land. New York:
      Basic Books, 2002].

PMID- 13677347
TI  - Home care: uniting Republicans and Democrats, liberals, and conservatives.

PMID- 13677348
TI  - [Jewish medical practitioners in 14th and 15th century Munich].
AB  - Contemporary sources reveal little information about the social conditions of
      Jewish medical practitioners in 14th and 15th century Munich. Due to the
      concurrence on the local "medical market" none of the five Jewish doctors named
      in the documents could practice for a longer period in teh late medieval city.
      Unlike their co-religionists in several cities of Westphalia, where physicians
      and surgeons were lacking, no Jewish medical practitioner was ever employed by
      the Magistrate of Munich. Thus, all of them seemed to have hoped for an
      employment at the court of the Bavarian Dukes. But with the exception of Jacob of
      Landshut, physician to the Bavarian Dukes Steven III. and Albrecht III. during
      the second half of the 14th century, whose medical career and social environment
      can roughly be retraced, no Jewish doctor seems to have been in service of the
      court for a longer time.

PMID- 13677349
TI  - Early warning signs of burnout and retaining the best employees.

PMID- 13677350
TI  - [Johann Gregor Gutturff: the life and work of a plague barber on the 17th
      century].
AB  - Johann Gregor Gutturff was a plague barber in the Dresden epidemic of 1680, and
      important records of his life and work have survived. Largely ignored by plague
      research, the source material provides detailed insight into the quasi-medical
      work and everyday life of a plague barber. The sources provide information
      relating to medical diagnosis and treatment; the barber's relationship to his
      patients; and the public's perception of the barber and his work. There is also a
      good deal to be learned relating to Johann Gregor Gutturff himself: his self
      perception as a person suffering from plague, his experience under the plague
      regiment, and other opinions and reflections. Last but not least, this study
      attests to the existence of numerous unevaluated archival materials, which can be
      systematically analysed to create new avenues of historical description
      (historiography) and epidemiology.

PMID- 13677351
TI  - [They all have a look at me in a friendly way: relationships between patients and
      nurses in the hospital of Saarbruck in the middle of the 19th century].
AB  - In the course of the nineteenth century, Saarbruck developed from a small
      provincial town to the centre of a large region rapidly becoming industrialised.
      The traditional civil hospital underwent a fundamental change: from a residence
      for the old, the poor, and the neglected it became a modern hospital intended to
      restore health and fitness to the growing number of young working people in the
      region. To help the hospital meet its new aims, Reverend Fliedner of the
      Protestant Deaconesses' Institution in Kaiserswerth on the Rhine sent two young
      deaconesses to the hospital in Saarbruck. Expecting to work as a nurse and
      housekeeper, the two inexperienced and under-trained women were virtually
      overwhelmed by what they encountered. Their work required very hard physical
      work, with very little or no assistance. This study is based on the series of
      letters of appeal the deaconesses sent to Kaiserswerth, which depict in great
      detail the conditions of the hospital during the transition period. Different
      groups of inmates can be distinguished: old and poor patients representing
      hospital's traditional function; journeymen and domestic servants who are far
      from home and no longer under their employers' care, and miners with rather
      severe injuries. Miners constitute the prototype of the new industrial working
      class, as the mining industry was by far the most important sector of the
      developing economy. All groups benefited from the deaconesses' zeal to establish
      new standards of cleanliness and nutrition, not to mention the beginning of
      professional medical care. On the other hand, they have to submit to middle class
      expectations and behaviour. For instance, heman miners were expected to follow
      orders from female nurses, and domestic servants afflicted with scabies or
      venereal disease were expected to adopt new standards of moral and orderly
      demeanour. Resistance was mainly passive, consisting of paying lip service to the
      rules, taking small liberties, and reverting to the old style after dismissal.
      Conflicts arose only in certain situations injured Catholic miners, or when
      patients clung obstinately to their liquor. On the whole, the hospital functioned
      quite smoothly, at least after the initial difficulties were overcome and the
      deaconesses gained experience and self-confidence.

PMID- 13677352
TI  - A human face to medicine: encounters between patients and general practitioners
      in Britain, 1850-1950.

PMID- 13677353
TI  - AIDS and the rise of the patient? Activist organisation and HIV/AIDS in the UK in
      the 1980s and 1990s.

PMID- 13677354
TI  - The homeopathic patient in 20th century Britain.

PMID- 13677355
TI  - [Charles-Gaspard Peschier (1782-1853), a pioneer of homeopathic medicine in
      Franco-phone areas].
AB  - Charles-Gaspard Peschier can be seen, together with the late Pierre Dufresne
      (1786-1836), as the leading propagandist of homeopathy in French-speaking
      countries, especially in the "Region du Leman". Beyond practising homeopathy
      himself, he dedicated his whole life to the propagation of this healing method.
      Peschier initiated two homeopathic societies, gaining influence and a strong
      reputation in the political arena. In 1832 he co-founded the "Bibliotheque
      Homoeopathique", the first French journal of homeopathic medicine. This study
      contains a compliation of Peschier's publications, which have been summarised for
      the first time in this form. Out of a total of 119 papers attributed to Peschier,
      111 deals with homeopathic issues.

PMID- 13677356
TI  - [Advances in the study of the protection of hyperin against ischemic injuries of
      tissues and organs].

PMID- 13677357
TI  - Heroes and heroines of the war on SARS.

PMID- 13677358
TI  - Andreas Vesalius (1514-1564): father of modern anatomy.

PMID- 13677359
TI  - The need for drug and poison information--the Singapore physicians' perspective.
AB  - INTRODUCTION: There appears to be a significant prevalence of poisoning and
      adverse drug reactions in Singapore. However, the resources needed by physicians
      to assist them in the management of such cases are limited. This study examines
      the information resources currently utilised by medical professionals in
      assisting them in the management of poisonings and adverse drug reactions. The
      preferred features of an ideal Drug and Poison Information Centre in the local
      setting were also explored. METHOD: A questionnaire survey involving all
      practicing physicians in Singapore to find out the current information resources
      utilised for Drug and Poison Information and the need for enhanced resources and
      its preferred form was looked at. RESULTS: A total of 1,071 practicing physicians
      responded forming 24% of all physicians in Singapore as of December 1997. Of
      these, 636 (61.3%) were general practitioners and the rest specialists. The main
      sources of poison information were Drug Index of Malaysia and Singapore or DIMS
      (73.7%), standard textbooks (70.1%), fellow colleagues (44.6%) and pharmacists
      (41.0%). In the opinion of most (82.4%), one well run and efficient Drug and
      Poison Information Centre was adequate for the whole island. The majority (58.9%)
      preferred that experienced individuals who could be consulted upon in times of
      need man such a service. CONCLUSION: The study shows the need for enhanced drug
      and poison information resources. The local physician community also expects
      guidance and expert advice from a specialist. With this in mind, it is worthwhile
      examining in depth the issues surrounding poison and adverse drug reaction
      management and the need for readily accessible Drug and Poison Information
      resources in Singapore.

PMID- 13677360
TI  - Different types of variable decelerations and their effects to neonatal outcome.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Although the only objective finding of intrapartum fetal distress is
      obtained through the measurement the fetal scalp pH, this invasive procedure is
      not available in every institution. The careful examination of fetal heart rate
      tracings for abnormalities, especially of the most commonly seen one, variable
      decelerations gains great importance under these circumstances. The aim of the
      present study is to determine the prognostic significance of variable
      decelerations in intrapartum fetal heart rate monitoring. METHODS: A total of 96
      fetal heart rate tracings were analysed to assess the prognostic significance of
      variable decelerations. Sixty-six percent (64/96) of cases exhibited atypia
      characterised with (1) slow return of the fetal heart rate to the baseline; (2)
      loss of variability during the decelerations; (3) loss of initial and/or
      secondary accelerations; (4) persistence of secondary acceleration (overshoot);
      and (5) continuation of the baseline fetal heart rate at a lower level; (6)
      biphasic deceleration. One and five-minute Apgar scores and umbilical artery pH
      were used to assess the final fetal condition. RESULTS: Adverse fetal outcome
      characterised by fetal acidosis and Apgar score lower than 7 at one and five
      minutes were uncommon with pure variable decelerations. Typical and atypical
      variable decelerations were associated with low Apgar scores (< 7) at one minute
      in 9.3% and 54.6% of cases (p < 0.001) and at five minutes in 6.25% and 25% of
      cases (p < 0.05), respectively. In addition umbilical artery pH found to be lower
      than 7.2 in these cases ( 18.75% - p < 0.05). There was no danger for the fetal
      haemodynamic conditions when typical uterus contraction/variable deceleration
      ratios were two or more than two. However, risk of fetal hypoxia damage was quite
      high when this ratio was lower than two in atypical variable 5th minute low Apgar
      scores and pH (81.8% and 36.6% respectively). Atypical features are helpful in
      the identification of distress characterised by low Apgar scores in fetuses with
      variable decelerations. Admission to the neonatal intensive care unit was more
      common in patients with atypical variable decelerations in comparison with
      typical variable decelerations (34.3% versus 3.1%). CONCLUSION: While typical
      variable decelerations are frequently harmless, atypical variations pose a
      significant risk of fetal hypoxia.

PMID- 13677361
TI  - Feasibility of T-cell receptor gamma (TCRgamma) gene rearrangement on formalin
      fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues by PCR assays.
AB  - INTRODUCTION: T- and B-lymphocytes are involved in recognition of foreign antigen
      by the specificity of their surface T-cell receptor and immunoglobulin, generated
      by gene rearrangement. Each T- and B-lymphocyte carries unique rearranged TCR or
      immunoglobulin gene, which has been applied to detect clonal from non-clonal T-
      and B-cell proliferation. METHODS: Paraffin-embedded biopsy tissues of 85 T-, 24
      B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) of various subtypes, and seven reactive
      lymphoid hyperplasia were retrieved from the archives for determining the
      feasibility of TCRgamma gene rearrangement analysis by PCR assays in our
      laboratory. DNA was extracted by Proteinase K digestion. The analyses were
      performed by five PCR assays, and analysed on polyacrylamide gel. RESULTS: Clonal
      TCRgamma gene rearrangement was demonstrated in 69/85 (81.2%) of the cases.
      Selective rearrangement of specific Vgamma segment was observed, especially in
      peripheral T-cell lymphoma-unspecified and nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma. Clonal
      TCRgamma rearranged band was also demonstrated in 4/24 (16.7%) and 2/7 (28.6%) of
      B-NHL and reactive lymphoid tissues respectively. CONCLUSION: PCR assays were
      able to demonstrate clonal TCRgamma gene rearrangement in a high proportion of T
      NHL. However, the PCR results should be interpreted carefully. A neoplasm should
      only be considered as T-cell type if it does not express any B-cell marker
      because TCRgamma is not lineage specific as shown by the presence of clonal
      TCRgamma gene rearrangement in B-NHL. Hence, the results for TCR gene
      rearrangement should always be interpreted in conjunction with histology and
      immunophenotyping.

PMID- 13677362
TI  - Cervical cytology: an audit in a Singapore teaching hospital.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To describe the cervical cytology diagnoses and cyto-histological
      correlation in the Department of Pathology, National University of Singapore in
      1997 and to compare the data with international figures. METHODS: A database
      search of all cervical cytology cases diagnosed in the department in 1997 as well
      as follow-up biopsies was carried out. The data was then critically analysed.
      RESULTS: 10,207 cases were reviewed. 96% of the cases had a diagnosis of
      "negative". Under 1% of cases were labelled as "inadequate". "Atypia" was
      diagnosed in 1% and dysplasia and/or malignancy was diagnosed in 1%. These
      figures correlate well with international data. Of the dysplasia cases, 78% were
      followed by biopsy. Of the high-grade dysplasia cases that were biopsied, 97% of
      the biopsy diagnoses were within the acceptable concordance range with the
      cytology diagnoses and in only 3% was there a significant discrepancy. Of the
      cases diagnosed as atypia, 39% were subsequently biopsied at the same institution
      as the next procedure and only one showed high grade dysplasia. A total of six
      cases showed a significant discrepancy between the cervical cytology result and
      the subsequent biopsy diagnosis and these were reviewed to elucidate the reasons
      for the discrepancies. CONCLUSION: The cervical cytology service is of a high
      diagnostic standard. A subset of patients is probably being prematurely biopsied
      and may benefit from having a repeat smear instead. Specific clinical protocols
      regarding subsequent therapy following cytology results and closer cyto
      histological correlation are two main areas where the cytology service can be
      improved.

PMID- 13677363
TI  - Dilated common bile duct in opium addicts with and without biliary symptoms -
      implication for research in AIDS cholangiopathy.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Opium addicts (OA) with no biliary symptoms have been shown to have
      dilated common bile duct (CBD). Endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography
      (ERCP) without biliary drainage in such asymptomatic OA is hazardous. Hence it is
      not indicated unless there are clear clinical and laboratory evidences of biliary
      stasis. AIMS: To show that even when matched with controls with the same clinical
      diagnosis of the biliary system, OA still have significantly larger CBD diameters
      and that OA with biliary symptoms should be treated no differently from non-OA
      with biliary symptoms. METHOD: Seven OA (all Chinese males), four of whom had
      undergone ERCP (three for CBD stones and one for ampullary carcinoma), were
      compared, using t-test, to 7 age, sex, race and diagnosis-matched controls, four
      of whom had also undergone ERCP (three for CBD stones and one for ampullary
      carcinoma). When ERCP was not done, ultrasonography was used to assess the
      biliary system and measure the CBD diameter. RESULTS: The mean (SD) CBD diameters
      of OA and controls were 15.7 mm (5.65) and 8.3 mm (5.95) respectively (t = 2.399,
      p = 0.032). The mean (SD) weight of OA and controls were 55.8 kg (9.22) and 57.3
      kg (9.21) respectively (t = -0.305, p = 0.763). Only two of the seven OA were
      born in China, the remaining five in Malaysia. CONCLUSIONS: OA do get CBD
      pathology like non-OA and if indicated there should be no qualms about performing
      ERCP in them. When matched for age, sex, race and clinical diagnosis, OA still
      have a significantly larger CBD despite no difference in body weight.

PMID- 13677364
TI  - Urinary discoloration after rectal instillation of methylene blue dye.
AB  - Methylene blue is a vital dye that is used in the treatment of
      methaemoglobinaemia. It is also used to delineate tissues to facilitate
      identification during surgery. Discoloration of the urine is known after oral and
      intravenous administration of the dye. We have used it routinely to detect the
      presence of defects after colorectal anastomosis. However, there have not been
      any previous reports of urinary discoloration after brief rectal instillation of
      the dye. We report a case of self-limiting urinary discoloration after anterior
      resection with colorectal anastomosis.

PMID- 13677365
TI  - Clinics in diagnostic imaging (85). Mandible osteoradionecrosis complicated by
      infection.
AB  - Mandibular osteoradionecrosis is a rare but well-known complication that may be
      seen in patients with head and neck tumours following radiation therapy. A 42
      year-old man presented with painful soft tissue swelling and a discharging sinus
      over the right mandible. Radiographs showed osteolytic destruction. Computed
      tomography confirmed bony destruction and fragmentation, as well as signs of soft
      tissue infection. The diagnosis of mandible osteoradionecrosis complicated by
      infection was confirmed by biopsy and surgically. The clinical and imaging
      features of osteoradionecrosis are highlighted.

PMID- 13677366
TI  - Transplacentally transferred maternal-infant antibodies to dengue virus.
AB  - Antibodies of all four dengue virus serotypes were detected by hemagglutination
      inhibition (HI) in 97% of 2,000 infants' cord sera at the time of delivery. In
      comparison with 250 mother-infant's paired sera, we found that 53% of the
      infants' serum HI titers were higher than those of the mother's. The
      mother/infant IgG subclasses 1, 2, 3, and 4 titers were 53.1/87.0, 8.4/11.7,
      0.14/0.11, and 1.1/1.0 mg/dL, respectively. In 18 months of follow-up of 100
      infants studied, we observed that antibody to dengue virus disappeared in 3% by
      two months of age, in 19% by four months of age, in 72% by six months of age, in
      99% by nine months of age, and in 100% by 12 months of age, with a half-life of
      41 days. We conclude that the antibodies to dengue virus disappeared in the first
      year of life. We suggest that the most appropriate age for vaccination with a
      live-attenuated dengue vaccine in an endemic area is one year of age.

PMID- 13677367
TI  - Induction of neutralizing antibodies and partial protection from viral challenge
      in Macaca fascicularis immunized with recombinant dengue 4 virus envelope
      glycoprotein expressed in Pichia pastoris.
AB  - A recombinant vaccine that expresses the envelope (E) gene of dengue virus type 4
      was tested for immunogenicity and protection in Macaca fascicularis. One hundred
      micrograms of semipurified recombinant E protein (E4rec) expressed in Pichia
      pastoris was used to immunize three animals. Neutralizing antibodies to dengue 4
      virus with a titer of 1:30 were detected in all immunized monkeys prior to
      challenge. Animals were challenged with 10(5) plaque-forming units of dengue 4
      virus. One vaccine-immunized monkey was protected from viremia, while the other
      two were partially protected. Monkeys immunized with E4rec elicited the highest
      neutralizing antibody titers (P < 0.05) ranging from 1:85 to 1:640 at day 30. In
      both immunized and control animals, the longest duration of viremia correlated
      with earliest and highest level of IgM antibody to dengue virus. The vaccinated
      animals showed anamnestic antibody responses upon virus challenge, indicating
      successful priming by the recombinant vaccine. Our results suggest that E4rec
      expressed in P. pastoris can provide partial protection against viremia. However,
      the results were not effective enough to use it as a vaccine candidate. Further
      work is required to improve the quality of the immunogen.

PMID- 13677368
TI  - Outbreak of dengue fever in Palau, Western Pacific: risk factors for infection.
AB  - Between January and June 1995, an outbreak of dengue fever occurred in Palau, an
      island nation of 32,000 inhabitants in the Western Pacific. To determine the
      magnitude of this outbreak and to determine modifiable risk factors to guide
      control strategies, we established active surveillance at the national hospital
      and private clinics, reviewed available clinical records, and conducted serologic
      and entomologic surveys. Between January 1 and July 1, 1995, 817 case-patients
      with acute febrile illness with body or joint aches and one of the following:
      headache, rash, nausea, vomiting, or hemorrhagic manifestations presented to
      health facilities in Palau. The epidemic peaked in the second week of April 1995.
      Of 338 case-patients tested, 254 (75%) had positive serologic results by an IgM
      capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Dengue 4 virus was isolated from 78
      (51%) of 154 serum samples tested. Blood samples collected during a cross
      sectional survey were tested for IgM antibody and yielded an attack ratio of 27%
      (95% confidence interval = 23-31%). Potential vectors included the introduced
      species Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus, and the native species Ae. hensilli.
      Significant risk factors (P < or = 0.05) for infection included age < 20 years,
      the presence of food or water pans for animals on the property, taro farming, the
      presence of Ae. aegypti on the property, and presence of Ae. scutellaris group
      mosquitoes (Ae. Hensilli, Ae. albopictus, and a native species). This was the
      first outbreak of dengue 4 virus in the Western Pacific, and the first documented
      epidemic of dengue in Palau since 1988.

PMID- 13677369
TI  - Surveillance results from the first West Nile virus transmission season in
      Florida, 2001.
AB  - After West Nile virus (WNV) was first detected in Florida in July 2001, intensive
      surveillance efforts over the following five months uncovered virus activity in
      65 of the state's 67 counties with 1,106 wild birds, 492 horses, 194 sentinel
      chickens, and 12 people found infected with the virus. Thirteen of 28 mosquito
      isolations came from Culex mosquitoes. As seen in the northeastern United States,
      wild bird mortality was the most sensitive surveillance method. However, unlike
      the predominantly urban 1999 and 2000 epizootics, the Florida transmission foci
      were rural with most activity detected in the northern part of the state. All
      human cases were preceded by the detection of WNV in animals; however, only eight
      of the twelve cases were preceded by reports of WNV activity in the county of
      residence. West Nile virus-positive animals detected by multiple surveillance
      systems preceded seven of these cases by two weeks or more.

PMID- 13677370
TI  - Short report: a major genotype of Japanese encephalitis virus currently
      circulating in Japan.
AB  - A 240-nucleotide sequence of the capsid/premembrane gene region of 23 Japanese
      encephalitis virus (JEV) strains isolated in Tokyo and Oita, Japan was determined
      and phylogenetic analyses were performed. All the strains clustered into two
      distinct genotypes (III and I). All strains isolated before 1991 belonged to
      genotype III, while those isolated after 1994 belonged to genotype I. In
      addition, the strains of the genotype I isolated in Japan showed a close genetic
      relationship with those from Korea and Malaysia.

PMID- 13677371
TI  - Evaluation of baits for delivery of oral rabies vaccine to dogs in Guatemala.
AB  - Acceptance of oral baits by dogs was evaluated in Guatemala. Eight bait
      matrix/attractant combinations were produced using commercial materials available
      in the United States. Two baits were produced using local materials in Guatemala.
      All baits included a plastic sachet that contained a placebo vaccine (water).
      Bait trials were conducted February-April, 2002, at five sites using 261 dogs.
      Bait acceptance ranged from 50.0% to 87.1%, and the combined proportion of
      sachets either swallowed or punctured ranged from 23.1% to 83.9%. The four bait
      types with the highest acceptance by dogs were the wax-coated sachet coated with
      poultry oil and poultry meal (87.1%), the dog meal polymer coated with poultry
      oil and poultry meal (82.8%), the fish meal polymer coated with poultry oil and
      poultry meal (77.4%), and the chicken head bait (77.8%). These four bait types
      were accepted most often as determined both by consumption and combined
      proportion of sachets swallowed or punctured (P = 0.0001). Future trials should
      demonstrate efficacy of oral rabies vaccination in Guatemala based on the use of
      selected bait matrices and the poultry oil/poultry meal attractant.

PMID- 13677372
TI  - Vivax malaria: a continuing health threat to the Republic of Korea.
AB  - Vivax malaria reemerged in the Republic of Korea in 1993. Most of the cases
      occurred among soldiers in the region adjacent to the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ)
      until 1995. To determine the rate of dispersion of vivax malaria, we evaluated
      its epidemiologic characteristics. Of 13,903 cases of vivax malaria reported in
      2000, 40.1% (5,577) were reported among Republic of Korea military personnel,
      26.2% (3,641) among veterans discharged less than two years from the military,
      and 33.7% (4,685) among civilians. Cases of vivax malaria have rapidly increased
      annually among counties bordering the DMZ, and have spread to approximately 40 km
      south of the DMZ. Chemoprophylaxis administered to military personnel may have
      been responsible for the decreasing number of cases among the Republic of Korea
      military population. The first mosquito-transmitted cases appeared in early June.
      Therefore, chemoprophylaxis should be instituted in early April to reduce the
      number of infected mosquitoes. Extensive intervention is warranted to reduce the
      spread of vivax malaria in the Republic of Korea.

PMID- 13677373
TI  - Short report: association between chloroquine and amodiaquine resistance and
      allelic variation in the Plasmodium falciparum multiple drug resistance 1 gene
      and the chloroquine resistance transporter gene in isolates from the upper Nile
      in southern Sudan.
AB  - Amodiaquine, a 4-aminoquinoline compound, is being considered as an alternative
      to chloroquine and pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine where resistance in Plasmodium
      falciparum to both drugs has been selected. Although amodiaquine is more potent
      than chloroquine, its effectiveness is reduced in areas where chloroquine
      resistance is high. We report an association of the P. falciparum chloroquine
      resistance transporter (pfcrt) gene and the P. falciparum multiple drug
      resistance 1 (pfmdr1) gene, two chloroquine resistance markers, with chloroquine
      and amodiaquine efficacy in vivo in southern Sudan. The data show that the allele
      of the pfcrt gene with a lysine to threonine change at codon 76 is strongly
      associated with both chloroquine and amodiaquine resistance. No such association
      was observed with the pfmdr1 gene.

PMID- 13677374
TI  - Experimental infection of the olive baboon (Paplio anubis) with Plasmodium
      knowlesi: severe disease accompanied by cerebral involvement.
AB  - Experimental systems that model some of the complex interactions between parasite
      and host can be extremely valuable in identifying and developing new
      prophylactics and therapeutics against human diseases. Because primates have
      similar immune systems to humans, we have characterized a baboon model for
      understanding host response to Plasmodium knowlesi. Ten intact olive baboons
      (Papio anubis) of either sex were experimentally infected with P. knowlesi H
      strain erythrocytic parasites. The infection in these baboons was either acute or
      chronic. Animals with acute infection developed multiple system organ dysfunction
      and cerebral involvement. In chronically infected animals, only the spleen was
      moderately enlarged. The P. knowlesi parasitemia profile in baboons and rhesus
      monkeys was comparable. However, some clinical symptoms of the baboons and P.
      falciparum-infected humans were similar. These studies demonstrate for the first
      time that P. anubis is a suitable host for P. knowlesi for studying clinical
      symptoms and pathology.

PMID- 13677375
TI  - Polymerase chain reaction-based differentiation of the mosquito sibling species
      Anopheles claviger s.s. and Anopheles petragnani (Diptera: Culicidae).
AB  - A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based diagnostic assay was developed that
      rapidly and reliably differentiates the sibling species of the Anopheles claviger
      complex, An. claviger s.s. and An. petragnani. The assay makes use of nucleotide
      differences in the internal transcribed spacer 2 ribosomal DNA sequences to
      generate PCR products of specific length for each of the two species. In
      evaluating the test, 580 of 592 field-collected An. claviger s.l. specimens were
      unambiguously identified as one of the two sibling species. Due to poor DNA
      quality, the remaining 12 specimens yielded no PCR product. Of the 592
      mosquitoes, 407 larval specimens had been identified morphologically prior to
      species-specific DNA amplification, and in all instances PCR identification
      corroborated with morphologic identification. Mosquitoes identified as An.
      claviger s.s. came from various localities all over Europe and from Israel. Those
      identified as An. petragnani were collected in southern France and Spain. The
      species-diagnostic PCR assay would facilitate data collection on the temporal and
      spatial distribution of the two An. claviger sibling species because they
      represent possible vectors of disease in Europe, the Near and Middle East, and
      north Africa.

PMID- 13677376
TI  - Species identification within the Anopheles funestus group of malaria vectors in
      Cameroon and evidence for a new species.
AB  - Anopheles funestus is a major vector of malaria in Africa. It belongs to a group
      of sibling species that can be identified morphologically only at certain stages
      of their development. A diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based tool
      made it possible to differentiate five species of the group. The assay seems to
      be applicable over all their distribution area for four of these species: An.
      funestus, An. leesoni, An. parensis, and An. vaneedenip. The fifth species, An.
      rivulorum, is the second most abundant species of the group and can be mistaken
      at its adult stage for the major vector of malaria An. funestus. Molecular and
      morphologic observations of specimens identified as An. rivulorum from Cameroon
      and South Africa showed that they belong to two different taxa. The species
      identified in Cameroon, and named here An. rivulorum-like, might extend to
      western Africa and central Africa. The species-specific PCR assay is supplemented
      by a primer specific to An. rivulorum-like and thus makes it possible to
      differentiate the five species of the An. funestus group and the newly defined
      taxon.

PMID- 13677377
TI  - Enhancement of the efficacy of a combination of Mesocyclops aspericornis and
      Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis by community-based products in
      controlling Aedes aegypti larvae in Thailand.
AB  - Prolonged efficacy of a combination of bacteria (Bacillus thuringiensis var.
      israelensis [Bti] and copepods (Mesocyclops aspericornis) in controlling immature
      forms of Aedes aegypti in peridomestic water containers was achieved by adding
      various products from local villages as supplementary food for copepods. In all
      experiments, 100 first-instar larvae were added into the breeding containers
      every day for eight weeks. Combinations of biological control agents and each
      local supplementary food were applied once at the beginning of the experiment. At
      the end of the experiment, the average number of mosquito larvae in containers
      with a combination of copepods and Bti with one gram of rice grain had decreased
      to only 0.5% of that with no control agent. In comparison, the average numbers of
      mosquito larvae in containers with Bti only, or copepods only, were approximately
      10% and 33% of those in containers with no control agents, respectively. In
      addition, the number of copepods in containers with mosquito larvae and
      supplementary food was at least three times higher than those with mosquito
      larvae alone.

PMID- 13677378
TI  - Clinical characteristics and endoscopic findings associated with Blastocystis
      hominis in healthy adults.
AB  - Ninety-nine individuals with stools positive for Blastocystis hominis but
      negative for other parasites were identified from medical records of healthy
      adults who had received a physical examination at Taipei Veterans General
      Hospital from November 2000 to October 2002. The medical records of these 99
      positive cases and 193 randomly selected controls, matched for age, sex, and date
      of examination, were retrospectively reviewed. The pathogenicity of B. hominis
      could not be demonstrated due to a lack of association with the development of
      gastrointestinal symptoms or pathologic findings on endoscopic examination.
      Multivariate analyses revealed that chronic hepatitis B infection was a
      predisposing condition to the acquisition of B. hominis (odd ratio = 2.848, 95%
      confidence interval = 1.299-6.242, P = 0.009), and concentration of urate was
      significantly lower in B. hominis-positive individuals (mean +/- SD = 361.64 +/-
      87.44 versus 392.57 +/- 93.38 micromol/L; P = 0.009). Among the 64 individuals
      who underwent gastric biopsy, Helicobacter pylori was found more frequently in
      the individuals harboring B. hominis (19 of 26 versus 15 of 38; P = 0.017).

PMID- 13677379
TI  - Isosporiasis in Venezuelan adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus:
      clinical characterization.
AB  - A cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of
      isosporiasis and its clinical and laboratory pattern in Venezuelan patients
      infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (n = 397). At enrollment, they
      underwent a thorough clinical history and physical examination, and provided
      stool specimens for the identification of Isospora belli and other parasites.
      Isospora belli was identified in 56 subjects (14%) and diarrhea, either acute or
      chronic, was present in 98% of these cases (P < 0.001). Eosinophilia was strongly
      associated with isosporiasis (P = 0.01). It was also found that the presence of
      eosinophilia was more common in I. belli-infected patients without weight loss (P
      < 0.001). Twenty-six (81.25%) subjects with I. belli infection had CD4+ cell
      counts < 200 cells/mm3 (P = 0.03). In addition, the data and its description
      shows the association to be < 100 cells/mm3. This infection seems to be seasonal
      because the recovery of oocysts occurred mainly in months with significant
      rainfall. In fact, isosporiasis should be suspected in HIV-infected patients from
      tropical countries with diarrhea, weight loss, eosinophilia, and low CD4+ cell
      counts.

PMID- 13677380
TI  - Short report: limited and short-lasting humoral response in Taenia solium:
      seropositive households compared with patients with neurocysticercosis.
AB  - Epidemiologic data suggest that 30-40% of Taenia solium-seropositive people
      become spontaneously negative without acquiring cysticercosis. To compare the
      responses of these individuals with those of patients with neurocysticercosis, we
      screened seropositive persons among family members of 16 patients. We searched
      for specific antibodies in patients and their 118 households by an enzyme-linked
      immunoelectrotransfer blot assay using specific glycoproteins of T. solium
      metacestodes. We found six seropositive individuals without neurocysticercosis
      among members of four families. The matching patients were young, harbored viable
      cysts, and had short evolution of disease. The baseline response of healthy
      seropositive individuals was scarce and showed a low frequency of antibodies
      against glycoproteins GP39-42 and GP24, which are immunodominant in patients with
      neurocysticercosis. Moreover, they became spontaneously negative in few months.
      The response of patients was heterogeneous as shown in other studies. The results
      of this work support a highly dynamic host-parasite immunologic interaction and
      suggest individual susceptibility or level of exposure among family members.

PMID- 13677381
TI  - Outcome of delivery and cause-specific mortality and severe morbidity in early
      infancy: a Kenyan District Hospital birth cohort.
AB  - It has proven very difficult to determine the causes of early infant mortality
      and morbidity in Africa. We undertook a two-year, prospective birth cohort study
      in a rural Kenyan District Hospital to estimate cause-specific mortality and
      severe morbidity in infants too young to gain benefit from routine immunization
      approaches. A total of 2,359 infants eligible for the cohort were delivered. Of
      these, 136 (6%) were stillborn and 77 (3.5%) subsequently died. Prematurity
      (34%), birth asphyxia (27%), and infection (18.5%) were the predominant causes of
      death in the first 98 days of life, although infection accounted for 36% of all
      life-threatening illness episodes in the same period. The data suggest that
      health system constraints are likely to impede programmatic efforts to reduce
      early infant mortality and morbidity, and that infection prevention measures
      offer some promise for mortality reduction. Assessing the cost effectiveness of
      the latter, particularly for very specific interventions such as further maternal
      vaccination, will require very large trials.

PMID- 13677382
TI  - Determination of extrarenal plasma clearance and hepatic uptake of technetium-99m
      mercaptoacetyltriglycine in cats.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To determine maximum extrarenal plasma clearance of technetium-99m
      mercaptoacetyltriglycine (99mTc-MAG3) and maximum extrarenal hepatic uptake of
      99mTc-MAG3 in cats. ANIMALS: 6 clinically normal adult cats. PROCEDURES:
      Simultaneously, baseline plasma clearance and camera-based uptake of 99mTc-MAG3
      were determined in anesthetized cats. Double exponential curves were fitted to
      plasma clearance data. Injected dose was divided by area under the curve and body
      weight to determine 99mTc-MAG3 clearance. Regions of interest were drawn around
      kidneys and liver, and percentage dose uptake was determined 1 to 3 minutes after
      injection. After bilateral nephrectomy, simultaneous extrarenal plasma clearance
      and camera-based hepatic uptake of 99mTc-MAG3 were evaluated in each cat.
      RESULTS: Mean +/- SD baseline plasma clearance and extrarenal clearance were 5.29
      +/- 0.77 and 0.84 +/- 0.47 mL/min/kg, respectively. Mean extrarenal clearance (as
      a percentage of baseline plasma clearance) was 16.06 +/- 7.64%. For right, left,
      and both kidneys, mean percentage dose uptake was 9.42 +/- 2.58, 9.37 +/- 0.86,
      and 18.79 +/- 2.47%, respectively. Mean hepatic percentage dose uptake before and
      after nephrectomy was 12.95 +/- 0.93 and 21.47 +/- 2.00%, respectively. Mean
      percentage change of hepatic uptake after nephrectomy was 166.89 +/- 23.19%.
      CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In cats, extrarenal clearance of 99mTc-MAG3
      is higher than that of other species; therefore, 99mTc-MAG3 is not useful for
      estimation of renal function in felids. Evaluation of renal function in cats may
      be more accurate via camera-based versus plasma clearance-based methods because
      camera-based studies can discriminate specific organs.

PMID- 13677383
TI  - Evaluation of various compounds to inhibit activity of matrix metalloproteinases
      in the tear film of horses with ulcerative keratitis.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To examine in vitro effects of various antiproteolytic compounds on
      activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 in the tear film of horses
      with active corneal ulcers. SAMPLE POPULATION: Samples of tear film obtained from
      the eyes of 34 horses with active ulcerative keratitis. PROCEDURE: Horses were
      sedated, and tear samples were collected from the lower fornix of 34 ulcerated
      eyes by use of capillary tubes. The protease inhibitors 0.2% EDTA, 0.1%
      doxycycline, 10% N-acetylcysteine (NAC), 0.1% solution of a modified dipeptide
      that contains hydroxamic acid (ie, ilomostat), 0.1% alpha1-proteinase inhibitor
      (PI), 0.5% alpha1-PI, and 100% fresh equine serum (ES) were used to treat pooled
      samples. Amount of latent and active MMP-2 and -9 was measured by optical density
      scanning of gelatin zymograms of treated and untreated tear samples. RESULTS:
      Pooled tear samples obtained from ulcerated eyes contained the latent and active
      forms of MMP-2 and -9. Compared with MMP activity in untreated samples, total MMP
      activity (sum of all bands detected) observed on the gelatin zymogram gels was
      reduced by 99.4% by EDTA, 96.3% by doxycycline, 98.8% by NAC, 98.9% by ilomostat,
      52.4% by 0.1% alpha1-PI, 93.6% by 0.5% alpha1-PI, and 90.0% by ES. CONCLUSIONS
      AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: We documented that EDTA, doxycycline, NAC, ilomostat,
      alpha1PI, and ES inhibited MMP activity in vitro. Because these compounds use
      different mechanisms to inhibit various families of proteases in the tear film of
      horses, a combination of these protease inhibitors may be beneficial for
      treatment of corneal ulcers in horses.

PMID- 13677384
TI  - Antibacterial activity of short hydrophobic and basic-rich peptides.
AB  - OBJECTIVE-To design short and potent analogs of bovine lactoferricin by use of
      the concepts of lipophilic bulk and cationic charge. SAMPLE POPULATION-5
      synthetic peptides of bovine lactoferricin. PROCEDURE: Antibacterial peptides
      were constructed by synthesizing several decapeptides rich in arginine and
      tryptophan. Basic residues of bovine lactoferricin (bLf 20-29; residues 20 to 29)
      were modified by substitution with arginine or lysine and nonbasic residues were
      modified by substitution with tryptophan, phenylalanine, or isoleucine. Synthetic
      peptides of bovine lactoferrin (LFB) were designated as LFB-RW (RRWWWRWRRW), LFB
      KW (KKWWWKWKKW), LFB-RWa (RRWWRRWRRW), LFB-RF (RRFFFRFRRF), and LFB-RI
      (RRIIIRWRRI), where R, K, W, F, and I stand for arginine, lysine, tryptophan,
      phenylalanine, and isoleucine, respectively. Peptides were evaluated by
      determining their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal
      concentration (MBC) against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and
      Enterococcus faecalis. RESULTS: LFB-RW, LFB-KW, and LFB-RWa possessed equivalent
      potency as bLf 20-29 against E coli. LFB-RW and LFB-RWa had a 2-fold increase in
      growth-inhibitory and bactericidal activity against S aureus, compared with bLf
      20-29. LFB-RI had the lowest MIC value against E coli among the peptides but lost
      bactericidal activity. LFB-RW and LFB-KW had stronger bactericidal activities
      against S aureus or E faecalis, respectively, as well as E coli than the other
      synthetic peptides. LFB-RF also had antibacterial activity, but this was 2-fold
      less than that of LFB-RW, as determined by MIC and MBC values. CONCLUSIONS AND
      CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In construction of potent antibacterial peptides, inclusion
      of arginine, lysine, tryptophan, or isoleucine residues enhances effectiveness
      against certain bacteria, as measured by MIC or MBC values.

PMID- 13677385
TI  - Magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and cross-sectional views of the
      anatomy of normal nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses in mesaticephalic dogs.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To use computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
      to provide a detailed description of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses in
      clinically normal mesaticephalic dogs. ANIMALS: 2 clinically normal Belgian
      Shepherd Dogs that weighed 25 and 35 kg, respectively. PROCEDURE: The first dog
      was anesthetized and positioned in ventral recumbency for CT and MRI
      examinations, and transverse slices were obtained from the caudal part of the
      frontal sinuses to the nares. For MRI, T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and proton
      density sequences were obtained. The second dog was anesthetized and positioned
      in dorsal recumbency with the head perpendicular to the table, and CT and MRI
      examinations were again conducted. At the completion of the MRI examination, each
      dog received an i.v. injection of heparin and then was euthanatized. A 4%
      solution of formaldehyde was perfused i.v. immediately after each dog was
      euthanatized. The skull was prepared, decalcified, embedded with gelatin, and
      sectioned into 5-mm-thick sections by use of a stainless-steel knife. Each
      anatomic section was photographed and compared with the corresponding CT and MRI
      views. RESULTS: Structures on the CT and MRI views matched structures on the
      corresponding anatomic sections. The CT scans provided good anatomic detail of
      the bony tissues, and MRI scans were superior to CT scans for determining soft
      tissue structures. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: CT and MRI provide a means
      for consistent evaluation of all structures of the nasal cavities and frontal
      sinuses. Both techniques could be useful for evaluation of diseases that affect
      the nasal region.

PMID- 13677386
TI  - Comparison of ultrasonographic characteristics of the gastroduodenal junction
      during pyloroplasty performed laparoscopically or via conventional abdominal
      surgery in dogs.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of ultrasonography to detect morphologic changes
      in the pylorus during pyloroplasty performed laparoscopically or via conventional
      abdominal surgery in dogs. ANIMALS: 10 healthy mixed-breed dogs. PROCEDURE:
      Laparoscopic ultrasonography of the pylorus was performed in 5 dogs during
      laparoscopic pyloroplasty (LP), and ultrasonography of the pylorus was performed
      in 5 dogs during pyloroplasty via conventional abdominal surgery (CAP group).
      Appearance and dimensions of the pyloric sphincter were evaluated by use of a 7.5
      MHz flexible laparoscopic linear-transducer probe. RESULTS: Mean +/- SD duration
      of the ultrasonographic procedure was 11 +/- 3.04 minutes (range, 6 to 18
      minutes). In the CAP group, cross-sectional views of the pylorus revealed
      significant differences between the overall transverse external diameter, overall
      craniocaudal external diameter, and transverse diameter of the pyloric lumen.
      After surgery, the pyloric area was significantly increased. Longitudinal views
      of the pylorus revealed that width of the pyloric ring was significantly less
      after surgery. Transverse views of the pylorus for the LP group revealed a
      significant increase in the transverse diameter and craniocaudal diameter of the
      pyloric lumen after LP. The pyloric area was also significantly increased after
      surgery. Longitudinal views of the pylorus revealed that width of the pyloric
      ring was significantly less after surgery. Transverse diameter of the pyloric
      lumen was significantly increased after LP. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE:
      Analysis of results of this study suggests that ultrasonography is useful for
      detecting relevant morphologic changes in the pyloric sphincter after
      pyloroplasty.

PMID- 13677387
TI  - Influence of age and body size on orocecal transit time as assessed by use of the
      sulfasalazine method in healthy dogs.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To compare orocecal transit time (OCTT) as assessed by use of the
      sulfapyridine appearance time in plasma after oral administration of
      sulfasalazine in dogs of varying age and body size and determine whether OCTT
      correlates with fecal quality. ANIMALS: 6 Miniature Poodles (MP), 6 Standard
      Schnauzers (SS), 6 Giant Schnauzers (GS), and 6 Great Danes (GD). PROCEDURE:
      Determinations of OCTT were made at 12, 22, 36, and 60 weeks of age. Dogs were
      fed sulfasalazine mixed with a meal. Blood samples were then collected for 6
      hours. The OCTT was the time from ingestion of the meal to detection of
      sulfapyridine in plasma. Fecal moisture content and consistency were recorded
      during the same periods. RESULTS: Mean OCTT decreased during growth of GS and GD
      dogs. No correlation was found between OCTT and fecal variables during growth in
      the 4 breeds. Effect of body size was observed at 12 and 22 weeks of age, with a
      longer OCTT in GS and GD than in MP and SS dogs. Similar OCTTs were observed at
      36 and 60 weeks of age in all breeds, although GS and GD dogs had poorer fecal
      quality during those periods. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: An effect of
      age on OCTT was observed only in large-breed dogs, with longer transit times in
      puppies (12 weeks old) than in adults (60 weeks old). Mean OCTT is not correlated
      with body size in adult dogs. No relationship was detected between OCTT and fecal
      variables in healthy dogs.

PMID- 13677388
TI  - Macroscopic changes in the distal ends of the third metacarpal and metatarsal
      bones of Thoroughbred racehorses with condylar fractures.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To determine changes in the distal ends of the third metacarpal and
      metatarsal bones (MCIII and MTIII) of Thoroughbred racehorses that had sustained
      a catastrophic condylar fracture during high-speed exercise. SAMPLE POPULATION:
      Fractured and contralateral MCIIIs and MTIIIs from 11 Thoroughbred racehorses
      that sustained a displaced condylar fracture during racing, both MCIIIs from 5
      Thoroughbred racehorses euthanatized because of a catastrophic injury other than
      a condylar fracture, and both MCIIIs from 5 horses of other breeds that had not
      been professionally trained or raced. PROCEDURE: Macroscopic observations were
      made of the distal ends of the bones before and after digestion of the articular
      cartilage with NaOH. RESULTS: In all 11 racehorses with a displaced condylar
      fracture, the fracture was associated with a branching array of cracks in the
      condylar groove. In this region, fracture margins were smooth, and there was loss
      of subchondral bone. Comminution of the dorsal cortex was also seen. Parasagittal
      linear wear lines in the articular cartilage, erosions in the articular cartilage
      of the condyles, loss of the underlying subchondral bone, and cracking of
      condylar grooves were all more severe in the Thoroughbred racehorses than in the
      horses that had not been professionally trained or raced. CONCLUSIONS AND
      CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that condylar fractures in horses are
      pathologic fatigue or stress fractures that arise from a preexisting, branching
      array of cracks in the condylar groove of the distal end of MCIII or MTIII.

PMID- 13677389
TI  - Use of the proximal portion of the tibia for measurement of the tibial plateau
      angle in dogs.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the canine tibial plateau angle (TPA) can be
      accurately measured from lateral radiographic views of the stifle joint that
      include only the proximal portion of the tibia. SAMPLE POPULATION: 282 lateral
      radiographic views of the stifle joint from 128 dogs. PROCEDURE: 236 radiographs
      were obtained from 102 dogs with no stifle joint disease, and 46 were obtained
      from 26 dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture. Radiographs were digitized.
      Tibial plateau angles were determined by measuring the angle between the
      intersection of the tibial plateau slope line and perpendiculars to 4 tibial
      axes. The gold standard TPA was based on a reference axis that used the entire
      length of the tibia and was determined by the line connecting the midpoint of the
      tibial intercondylar eminence and the center of the talus. Tibial plateau angle1,
      TPA2, and TPA3 were based on tibial axes that were determined by use of only the
      proximal portion of the tibia. RESULTS: TPA determined on the basis of the
      shortest proximal reference axis (TPA1) was not accurate. However, as the length
      of the reference axis increased, reliability of the TPAs obtained from proximal
      reference axes improved, and their correlations with the gold standard TPA
      increased (r = 0.78, 0.86, and 0.92 for TPA1, TPA2, and TPA3, respectively).
      Equations obtained by regression analysis allowed estimation of the gold standard
      TPA with some degree of accuracy. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Use of a
      proximal reference axis to calculate TPA may be an alternative to a calculation
      based on the full-length axis.

PMID- 13677390
TI  - Effects of monoamines formed in the cecum of horses on equine digital blood
      vessels and platelets.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To determine in vitro vasoactive potency of monoamines formed in the
      cecum and found in the systemic circulation of horses. SAMPLE POPULATION:
      Segments of digital blood vessels obtained from 6 healthy mixed-breed horses and
      ponies euthanatized at an abattoir and platelets isolated from 4 healthy ponies.
      PROCEDURE: Paired rings of digital artery and vein from the same horse were
      examined, and isometric tension was recorded. Concentration-response curves for
      tryptamine (TRP), tyramine (TYR), phenylethylamine (PEA), isoamylamine (IAA), and
      isobutylamine (IBA) were obtained. Vasoconstrictor mechanisms were investigated
      for TRP and TYR by the use of antagonists. Washed platelets loaded with [3H]-5
      hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were incubated with monoamines; the amount of
      radioactivity displaced after 30 minutes was estimated. RESULTS: TRP, TYR, and
      PEA were potent constrictors of arteries and veins, with TRP and TYR being more
      potent in veins than arteries. Constrictions induced by TYR were inhibited by
      benextramine (alpha-antagonist) and nisoxetine (neuronal-uptake blocker), whereas
      TRP responses were inhibited by ketanserin (5-HT receptor antagonist). All 5
      amines displaced 5-HT from platelets with the order of potency being TYR > TRP >
      PEA > IAA > IBA. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Amines from the equine cecum
      cause digital vasoconstriction. The most potent (TRP and TYR) cause selective
      venoconstriction. Tyrosine activates predominantly alpha-adrenoceptors through
      the release of neuronal norepinephrine, whereas TRP activates 5-HT receptors. All
      amines tested released 5-HT from platelets. Amines formed in the cecum and
      released into the systemic circulation warrant additional investigation as
      trigger factors for digital ischemia and subsequent laminitis.

PMID- 13677391
TI  - Seasonal changes in plasma concentrations of cecum-derived amines in clinically
      normal ponies and ponies predisposed to laminitis.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To measure concentrations of amines formed in the cecum of clinically
      normal ponies, determine amine concentrations in plasma samples collected in
      spring and winter, and compare concentrations of amines and serotonin in plasma
      samples obtained from clinically normal ponies and ponies predisposed to
      laminitis. SAMPLE POPULATION: Cecal contents obtained from 10 ponies euthanatized
      at an abattoir and blood samples obtained from 42 adult ponies. PROCEDURE: Cecal
      contents were assayed for amines by high-performance liquid chromatography
      (HPLC). Blood samples were collected at various times of the year from 20 ponies
      predisposed to acute laminitis and 22 clinically normal ponies. Plasma serotonin
      concentration was measured by HPLC, and tryptamine (TRP), tyramine (TYR),
      phenylethylamine (PEA), and isoamylamine (IAA) were measured by liquid
      chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS: 15 amines were identified in cecal
      contents. Plasma TRP, TYR, PEA, and IAA concentrations ranged from 10pM to 100nM
      in both groups of ponies. Plasma concentrations of serotonin or other amines did
      not differ between clinically normal ponies and those predisposed to laminitis;
      however, significantly higher concentrations of TRP, PEA, and IAA were found in
      samples obtained in the spring, compared with winter samples. CONCLUSIONS AND
      CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Various amines are found in the cecum of ponies, several of
      which can be detected in the plasma. Concentrations increase significantly in the
      spring and may reach concentrations close to the threshold for causing
      vasoconstriction. Release of amines from the cecum into the systemic circulation
      may contribute to hemodynamic disturbances in horses and ponies with acute
      laminitis.

PMID- 13677392
TI  - In vitro evaluation of biomechanical effects of multiple hemilaminectomies on the
      canine lumbar vertebral column.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To conduct an in vitro investigation of the biomechanical
      characteristics of the canine lumbar spinal column in flexion and extension and
      measure the destabilizing effects of multiple consecutive unilateral and
      bilateral hemilaminectomies. SAMPLE POPULATION: 30 isolated multisegmental spinal
      units (L1-L4) from nonhypochondroplastic dogs weighing 15 to 30 kg. PROCEDURES:
      Physically normal and surgically altered spinal specimens were subjected to 4
      point bending in flexion and extension to determine effects of multiple
      consecutive hemilaminectomies on the basis of analysis of test system load
      displacement data. Six groups with 5 spinal columns in each were defined on the
      basis of the following procedures: hemilaminectomy at L2-L3, 2 adjacent
      hemilaminectomies at L1-L3, 3 adjacent hemilaminectomies at L1-L4, bilateral
      hemilaminectomies at L2-L3, 2 bilateral hemilaminectomies at L1-L3, and no
      hemilaminectomy (intact). Spinal stability before and after surgery was
      determined in all groups. Each group served as its own control for nondestructive
      testing. Spinal strength was evaluated through destructive testing to determine
      deformation at failure, strength to failure, and mode of catastrophic failure.
      The intact group served as the control for destructive testing. RESULTS:
      Stability in extreme flexion and extreme extension did not change significantly
      following any hemilaminectomy procedure. Postoperative stability within the
      neutral zone was significantly decreased in all groups. Range of motion within
      the neutral zone was not significantly different from the intact condition in any
      group. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Multiple hemilaminectomies did not
      decrease stiffness of the lumbar spinal column during flexion and extension.
      These results support clinical recommendations regarding multiple consecutive
      hemilaminectomies in dogs.

PMID- 13677393
TI  - Serum concentrations of pepsinogen A in healthy dogs after food deprivation and
      after feeding.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate an ELISA for measurement of serum canine
      pepsinogen A (cPG A) as a diagnostic marker of gastric disorders in dogs and to
      measure serum cPG A in healthy dogs after food deprivation and after feeding.
      SAMPLE POPULATION: Sera from 72 healthy dogs. PROCEDURE: A sandwich ELISA was
      developed and validated. The reference range for serum concentrations of cPG A
      was determined in 64 healthy dogs. Postprandial changes in serum concentrations
      of cPG A were evaluated in 8 healthy dogs. RESULTS: Assay sensitivity was 18
      microg/L, and the maximum detectable concentration was 1,080 microg/L. The
      observed-to-expected ratio (O:E) for 3 serial dilutions of 3 serum samples ranged
      from 69.3 to 104.1%. The O:E for 3 serum samples spiked with 8 concentrations of
      cPG A ranged from 58.8 to 120.4%. Coefficients of variation for intra- and
      interassay variability of 3 serum samples ranged from 7.6 to 11.9% and from 10.1
      to 13.1%, respectively. Mean +/- SD serum concentration of cPG A in healthy dogs
      was 63.8 +/- 31.0 microg/L and the reference range was 18 to 129 microg/L.
      Significant increases in serum concentrations of cPG A were observed between 1
      and 7 hours after feeding. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ELISA for
      measuring cPG A was sufficiently sensitive, linear, accurate, precise, and
      reproducible for clinical use. Serum concentrations of cPG A increase
      substantially after feeding, which should be taken into account when conducting
      clinical studies.

PMID- 13677394
TI  - Influence of familiarity and relatedness on proximity and allogrooming in
      domestic cats (Felis catus).
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate associations between relatedness and familiarity with the
      affiliative behaviors of maintaining proximity and allogrooming in cats. ANIMALS:
      28 privately owned cats in 1 colony. PROCEDURE: 15 of the cats had 1 or more
      relatives present representing 5 genealogies. Each cat was observed in 15-minute
      intervals for 3.5 hours during the study. All occurrences of allogrooming
      behavior were recorded. At the onset of each 15-minute observation period and at
      2-minute intervals thereafter, the identity and location of all cats within 1 m
      of the observed cat were recorded. RESULTS: Relatedness and familiarity was
      significantly associated with the number of times a cat was within 1 m of another
      cat and how often a cat was groomed. For relatives and nonrelatives that were
      equally familiar to a given cat, relatives were significantly more likely to be
      within 1 m and to be groomed. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Familiarity and
      relatedness are significantly associated with allogrooming and proximity of
      another cat. This may be important when considering adoption of 1 or more kittens
      and when adding a new cat to a household in which other cats are present.
      Adopting small family groups may result in higher rates of affiliative behavior,
      stronger bonding, and lower incidence of conflict than periodically adopting
      single unrelated adult cats.

PMID- 13677395
TI  - Effects of morphine, lidocaine, ketamine, and morphine-lidocaine-ketamine drug
      combination on minimum alveolar concentration in dogs anesthetized with
      isoflurane.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of constant rate infusion of morphine,
      lidocaine, ketamine, and morphine-lidocaine-ketamine (MLK) combination on end
      tidal isoflurane concentration (ET-Iso) and minimum alveolar concentration (MAC)
      in dogs anesthetized with isoflurane and monitor depth of anesthesia by use of
      the bispectral index (BIS). ANIMALS: 6 adult dogs. PROCEDURE: Each dog was
      anesthetized with isoflurane on 5 occasions, separated by a minimum of 7 to 10
      days. Individual isoflurane MAC values were determined for each dog. Reduction in
      isoflurane MAC, induced by administration of morphine (3.3 microg/kg/min),
      lidocaine (50 microg/kg/min), ketamine (10 microg/kg/min), and MLK, was
      determined. Heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure, oxygen saturation as
      measured by pulse oximetry (Spo2), core body temperature, and BIS were monitored.
      RESULTS: Mean +/- SD isoflurane MAC was 1.38 +/- 0.08%. Morphine, lidocaine,
      ketamine, and MLK significantly lowered isoflurane MAC by 48, 29, 25, and 45%,
      respectively. The percentage reductions in isoflurane MAC for morphine and MLK
      were not significantly different but were significantly greater than for
      lidocaine and ketamine. The Spo2, mean arterial pressure, and core body
      temperature were not different among groups. Heart rate was significantly
      decreased at isoflurane MAC during infusion of morphine and MLK. The BIS was
      inversely related to the ET-Iso and was significantly increased at isoflurane MAC
      during infusions of morphine and ketamine, compared with isoflurane alone.
      CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Low infusion doses of morphine, lidocaine,
      ketamine, and MLK decreased isoflurane MAC in dogs and were not associated with
      adverse hemodynamic effects. The BIS can be used to monitor depth of anesthesia.

PMID- 13677396
TI  - Serum concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and 25
      hydroxycholecalciferol in clinically normal dogs and dogs with acute and chronic
      renal failure.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To compare serum concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25
      [OH]2D3) and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-[OH]D3) in healthy control dogs and
      dogs with naturally occurring acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure
      (CRF). ANIMALS: 24 control dogs, 10 dogs with ARF, and 40 dogs with CRF.
      PROCEDURE: Serum concentrations of 1,25-(OH)2D3 were measured by use of a
      quantitative radioimmunoassay, and serum concentrations of 25-(OH)D3 were
      measured by use of a protein-binding assay. RESULTS: Mean +/- SD serum
      concentration of 1,25-(OH)2D3 was 153 +/- 50 pmol/L in control dogs, 75 +/- 25
      pmol/L in dogs with ARF, and 93 +/- 67 pmol/L in dogs with CRF. The concentration
      of 1,25-(OH)2D3 did not differ significantly between dogs with ARF and those with
      CRF and was in the reference range in most dogs; however, the concentration was
      significantly lower in dogs with ARF or CRF, compared with the concentration in
      control dogs. Mean +/- SD concentration of 25-(OH)D3 was 267 +/- 97 nmol/L in
      control dogs, 130 +/- 82 nmol/L in dogs with ARF, and 84 +/- 60 nmol/L in dogs
      with CRF. The concentration of 25-(OH)D3 was significantly lower in dogs with ARF
      or CRF, compared with the concentration in control dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL
      RELEVANCE: The concentration of 1,25-(OH)2D3 was within the reference range in
      most dogs with renal failure. Increased serum concentrations of parathyroid
      hormone indicated a relative deficiency of 1,25-(OH)2D3. A decrease in the serum
      concentration of 25-(OH)D3 in dogs with CRF appeared to be attributable to
      reduced intake and increased urinary loss.

PMID- 13677397
TI  - Effect of oral administration of low doses of pentobarbital on the induction of
      cytochrome P450 isoforms and cytochrome P450-mediated reactions in immature
      Beagles.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of oral administration of low doses of
      pentobarbital on cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms and CYP-mediated reactions in
      immature Beagles. ANIMALS: 42 immature (12-week-old) Beagles. PROCEDURE: Dogs
      were grouped and treated orally as follows for 8 weeks: low-dose pentobarbital
      (50 microg/d; 4 males, 4 females), mid-dose pentobarbital (150 microg/d; 4 males,
      4 females), high-dose pentobarbital (500 microg/d; 4 males, 4 females), positive
      pentobarbital control (10 mg/kg/d; 2 males, 2 females), positive-phenobarbital
      control (10 mg/kg/d; 2 males, 2 females), and negative control (saline 10.9%
      NaCl] solution; 5 males, 5 females). Serum biochemical and hematologic values
      were monitored. On necropsy examination, organ weights were determined, and
      histologic evaluation of tissue sections of liver, kidney, small intestine,
      testes, epididymis, and ovaries was performed. Hepatic and intestinal drug
      metabolizing enzyme activities were measured, and relative amounts of CYP
      isoforms were determined by western blot analysis. RESULTS: The amount of a
      hepatic CYP2A-related isoform in dogs from the high-dose pentobarbital treatment
      group was twice that of dogs from the negative control group. CYP2C was not
      detectable in small intestinal mucosa of dogs from the negative control group;
      measurable amounts of CYP2C were found in dogs from the various (low-, mid-, and
      high-dose) pentobarbital treatment groups and from positive-pentobarbital and
      positive phenobarbital control groups. Several CYP-mediated reactions increased
      in a dose-dependent manner. The lowest calculated effective dose of pentobarbital
      ranged from 200 to 450 microg/d. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Several CYP
      isoforms and their associated reactions were induced in dogs by oral
      administration of low amounts of pentobarbital.

PMID- 13677398
TI  - Evaluation of survival of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Haemophilus
      parasuis in four liquid media and two swab specimen transport systems.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To determine duration and rates of recovery of Actinobacillus
      pleuropneumoniae and Haemophilus parasuis from 4 liquid media and 2 swab specimen
      transport systems and compare findings with those of Escherichia coli. SAMPLE
      POPULATION: One strain each of A pleuropneumoniae (biovar 1, serotype 1), H
      parasuis (serovar 5), and E coli (serotype O149:K91:H19). PROCEDURE: Strains were
      incubated in brain heart infusion broth supplemented with horse serum and other
      nutrients or in horse serum alone, with and without nicotinamide-adenine
      dinucleotide in both instances, for 150 days at 4 degrees C or room temperature
      (21 degrees C). Similarly, strains were tested in Stuart and Amies transport
      systems after storage at room temperature for 8 days. RESULTS: Colony counts
      greater than those of the initial inoculum were observed after incubation in
      horse serum for A pleuropneumoniae but not for H parasuis. Overall, incubation at
      4 degrees C in the 4 liquid media resulted in longer recovery duration and higher
      rates than at room temperature. Culture of H parasuis resulted in lower recovery
      rates and shorter durations of recovery than culture of A pleuropneumoniae,
      except for culture in horse serum. Haemophilus parasuis survived longer than A
      pleuropneumoniae in the transport systems, and all organisms survived longer in
      the Amies system. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Survival of A
      pleuropneumoniae and H parasuis indicated that horse serum prolongs
      survivability, which may result in exposure of more animals during a prolonged
      period. The Amies system might be a good choice for collection of clinical
      samples from animals, especially for recovery of H parasuis.

PMID- 13677399
TI  - Determination of calcium fractionation in dogs with chronic renal failure.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To determine concentrations of calcium (total [tCa], ionized [iCa],
      protein-bound [pCa], and complexed [cCa]) in dogs with chronic renal failure
      (CRF). ANIMALS: 23 dogs with CRF. PROCEDURE: Serum calcium was fractionated by
      use of a micropartition system. Total calcium and iCa concentrations and pH were
      measured in unfractionated serum, and tCa concentration was measured in the
      ultrafiltrate. The pCa fraction was calculated by subtracting tCa of the
      ultrafiltrate from tCa concentration of unfractionated serum. The iCa
      concentration in unfractionated serum was subtracted from tCa concentration in
      the ultrafiltrate to determine the concentration of cCa. RESULTS: Concentrations
      of tCa, iCa, pCa, and cCa had wide ranges among dogs with CRF Dogs with
      significantly low tCa concentration (770 +/- 1.73 mg/dL) had cCa concentration
      (0.76 +/- 0.38 mg/dL) within reference range, whereas dogs with reference range
      to high tCa concentration (10.85 +/- 1.13 mg/dL) had significantly high cCa
      concentration (2.62 +/- 1.04 mg/dL). There was no significant difference in iCa
      or pCa concentrations between groups. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE:
      Concentrations of tCa, iCa, cCa, and pCa varied widely in dogs with CRF Overall,
      cCa concentration was high, although subpopulations differed in cCa and tCa
      concentrations. Differences in tCa concentration were primarily attributable to
      differences in cCa fraction.

PMID- 13677401
TI  - Collection: how to ask for money.

PMID- 13677400
TI  - Harboring some ethical dilemmas.

PMID- 13677402
TI  - Teledentistry in rural California: a USC initiative.
AB  - Dentistry, in a synergistic combination with telecommunications technology and
      the Internet, has yielded a relatively new and exciting field that has endless
      potential. "Teledentistry" emerges from the fusion of dental practice and
      technology and can take on two forms--real-time consultation and "store and
      forward." The first entity to put teledentistry into practice was the Army,
      which, in 1994, successfully undertook consultations between dentists and service
      personnel located more than 100 miles apart. Since then, various institutions and
      organizations in the United States and farther afield have practiced
      teledentistry, with varying degrees of success. The Children's Hospital Los
      Angeles Teledentistry Project, being run in association with the University of
      Southern California's Mobile Dental Clinic, seeks to increase and enhance the
      quality of oral health care that is provided to children living in remote rural
      areas of California, areas often severely underserved by dental health providers.
      The project has three phases: Phase I involves the establishment and organization
      of the teledentistry network; Phase II will introduce technologies to provide
      orthodontic consultation and treatment; and Phase III will expand the network and
      provide increased specialty care into further areas of California and beyond,
      providing services to more children in desperate need of dental health care.

PMID- 13677403
TI  - Web-based continuing dental education in California.
AB  - This article asks and answers a series of questions about Web-based continuing
      education for dentists. A summary of these answers are: (1) all indicators point
      to a substantive increase in the number and types of continuing education courses
      in the next five years; (2) the main reasons to take an online dental C.E. course
      are that it is available at any time from any location that has an Internet
      connection and the total cost per unit will be substantially lower compared to
      traditional C.E. courses; (3) the best type of online C.E. course would be one
      that has an identified experienced expert instructor, provides a case-based or
      problem-based approach, and provides an interactivity opportunity between the
      instructor and student via chat room or e-mail; and (4) online continuing dental
      education is simply one of many methods that can be used by dental practitioners
      and will not replace other continuing education methods but rather supplement
      them. In summary, as more and more online dental C.E. courses become available,
      it is hoped they will be designed to be more than a series of slides since this
      method does not take advantage of the unique features and opportunities provided
      by the Internet.

PMID- 13677404
TI  - Initial plaque score as an indicator of patient appointment compliance.
AB  - High plaque score is widely recognized as predicting patients' likely restorative
      needs and future caries risk. This study evaluated high plaque scores as
      predictors of patient appointment compliance behavior. It was found that high
      initial plaque scores can predict poor compliance with subsequent recall
      appointments.

PMID- 13677405
TI  - Dr. Newell Sill Jenkins: progenitor of cosmetic dentistry.
AB  - Dr. Newell Sill Jenkins was one of the pioneer American dentists who took
      "American dentistry" to Europe. Among his patients were Composer Richard Wagner,
      and among his friends, Author Mark Twain. He treated some of the crown head of
      Europe, and yet found time to participate in organized dentistry and conduct
      research in cosmetic dentistry. He was the father of the porcelain revival in
      both Europe and America. Unfortunately, Jenkins' Legacy as the chief proponent of
      cosmetic dentistry in the late 19th and early 20th centuries has been largely
      ignored by dental historians. In a 20-year period (1896 to 1916), Jenkins
      published 32 articles in the dental literature on the esthetic advantages of
      porcelain fillings. It is time to give Jenkins his just recognition.

PMID- 13677406
TI  - A heart-healthy and "stroke-free" world through policy development, systems
      change, and environmental supports: a 2020 vision for sub-Saharan Africa.
AB  - The vision of a heart-healthy and "stroke-free" world is achievable through the
      aggressive prevention and control of cardiovascular risk factors. In sub-Saharan
      Africa, a region plagued by infectious and parasitic diseases, nutritional
      deficiencies, and excessive maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, the
      prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and risk factors is rarely on the
      public health agenda. In Africa, however, as recently documented by the World
      Health Organization's Africa Regional Office, CVD and other chronic non
      communicable diseases are on the increase and already represent a significant
      burden on public health services. Age-specific mortality and morbidity associated
      with CVD and chronic diseases are higher in sub-Saharan Africa than in
      established market economies. Correspondingly, adverse trends in risk factor
      profile are beginning to appear especially in many urban centers in sub-Saharan
      Africa. Addressing and reversing these trends will take more than just targeting
      individuals and their behaviors and lifestyle choices. More importantly, to
      support heart-healthy choices, emphasis must be placed on policy development,
      systems changes, and issues in the social environment factors such as the need to
      strengthen legislation and regulatory mechanisms, which control the leading risk
      factors (eg, tobacco, physical inactivity, and poor nutrition). We must develop
      and conduct heart-healthy and "stroke-free" initiatives to take place in diverse
      community settings: schools, worksites, communities, and healthcare systems. In
      addition, public health capacity and infrastructure must be strengthened to
      provide adequate surveillance and the assurance that best practices are
      implemented. Action is needed to integrate health promotion, risk factor control
      and disease prevention within the primary healthcare setting. Above all,
      population-based approaches must be used to promote education and awareness of
      the importance of CVD risk factors. In sub-Saharan Africa, where most people have
      no more than one CVD risk factor, a unique opportunity exists for primordial
      prevention, ie, preventing the development of risk factors in the first place.
      The policy and environmental change strategies discussed provide a road map to a
      heart-healthy and "stroke-free" future.

PMID- 13677407
TI  - Capacity building for an integrated noncommunicable disease risk factor
      surveillance system in developing countries.
AB  - For the first time, the World Health Organization (WHO) is recommending that
      countries implement noncommunicable disease (NCD) surveillance by focusing on the
      major risk factors that predict the most common NCDs. To achieve this goal,
      member states are being offered a surveillance framework that provides a first
      step toward an integrated approach to NCD prevention and control. The goal of
      this framework, the STEPwise approach to NCD surveillance (STEPS), is to increase
      and sustain a country's capacity to ensure ongoing surveillance. Using the data
      to develop interventions and policies is an integral part of the STEPS approach,
      which, in turn, increases capacity to influence policy. Ongoing support from
      donors is essential to meeting the goal of increasing a country's capacity to
      undertake the NCD surveillance activity required to provide the basic information
      from which to formulate policy that effectively reduces the burden of disease.

PMID- 13677408
TI  - Public health surveillance for disease prevention: lessons from the behavioral
      risk factor surveillance system.
AB  - The burden of chronic diseases is increasing worldwide. Surveillance of
      behavioral risk factors is a crucial element for prevention and control of
      chronic diseases. Adequate surveillance data will provide the basis for
      developing and implementing appropriate preventive programs at the local and
      country level. A standardized surveillance system worldwide will allow data
      comparability, and will decrease the cost of the surveillance system. By using
      lessons from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a large, ongoing,
      state-based surveillance system in the United States, countries may save limited
      resources, and expedite the initiation of their own surveillance systems. To
      prevent cardiovascular diseases worldwide, it is time to develop and implement
      appropriate surveillance systems at a country level, in order to track risk
      factors. This strategy will provide the basis for developing intervention
      programs designed to reduce, or prevent a further increase in, the burden of
      chronic diseases.

PMID- 13677409
TI  - The public health workforce in sub-Saharan Africa: challenges and opportunities.
AB  - The health crisis in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) presents enormous challenges to the
      public health workforce, which is ill equipped to respond. Since the fate of SSA
      is central to the health and well-being of all regions, a long-term effort is now
      required to strengthen the public health workforce in SSA. This will require
      major support from national governments and a wide variety of international
      agencies. Several global initiatives present an opportunity for SSA to mount a
      response to the health crisis. However, unless these resources contribute to the
      development of infrastructure, human capacity, and management processes, the
      response is likely to have only a short-term impact on the most pressing health
      problems.

PMID- 13677410
TI  - A two-week workshop to promote cardiovascular disease prevention programs in
      countries with limited resources.
AB  - Training is a crucial tool for building the capacity necessary for prevention and
      control of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in developing countries. This paper
      summarizes some features of a 2-week workshop aimed at enabling local health
      professionals to initiate a comprehensive CVD prevention and control program in a
      context of limited resources. The workshops have been organized in the regions
      where CVD prevention programs are being contemplated, in cooperation with health
      authorities of the concerned regions. The workshop's content includes a broad
      variety of issues related to CVD prevention and control, and to program
      development. Strong emphasis is placed on "learning by doing," and groups of 5-6
      participants conduct a small-scale epidemiological study during the first week;
      during the second week, they draft a virtual program of CVD prevention and
      control adapted to the local situation. This practice-oriented workshop focuses
      on building expertise among anticipated key players, strengthening networks among
      relevant health professionals, and advocating the urgent need to tackle the
      emerging CVD epidemic in developing countries.

PMID- 13677411
TI  - The role of professional education in building capacity for health promotion in
      the global South: a case study from Norway.
AB  - The capacity to train public health professionals is far from sufficient to meet
      urgent global needs. Foreign aid programs hold much promise to deal with this
      challenge. A case study from Norway illustrates the possibilities. Since the
      early 1960s, Norwegian universities have offered English-taught masters and
      doctoral degree programs, with sufficient financial support that all Third World
      students have the resources to complete training, regardless of their personal
      financial circumstances. This facet of the program is its main distinguishing
      factor, compared to many educational opportunities that are available in other
      countries. Since the first visiting students were awarded degrees in 1968, almost
      10,000 students have participated at more than 25 Norwegian institutions,
      including many offering public health training. Many eligible applicants have
      been turned away due to lack of resources, indicating a level of interest that
      cannot be met with existing resources. Similar programs in more countries could
      help alleviate the need.

PMID- 13677412
TI  - Research capacity development for CVD prevention: the role of partnerships.
AB  - Recent studies have demonstrated an increase in the burden of cardiovascular
      diseases on developing countries. This increased disease prevalence and health
      burden has far exceeded the technical and human capacity of developing countries
      to use existing global knowledge, and to generate new strategies for their own
      countries to use in combating these diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to
      assist developing countries in building indigenous research capacity in order to
      undertake studies within their own boundaries, the results of which will lead to
      the development of appropriate local management and control strategies. It is
      important to explore ways of enhancing research capacity in developing countries,
      in order to narrow the research gap between the rich, developed countries, and
      the poor, developing countries. Partnerships, both North-South, and South-South,
      lend themselves to the use of suitable modern tools and strategies, as well
      providing a promotional approach for strengthening research capacity in
      developing countries. This review describes prerequisites for building successful
      research capacity, and, in particular, details the process for building such
      capacity in the area of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Some of the constraints
      and challenges in research capacity strengthening (RCS) have also been
      summarized. When correctly utilized, partnerships are probably the most
      egalitarian form of research collaboration, offering mutual advantages to both
      partners. International and bilateral agencies funding research in developing
      countries are urged to include a RCS component in new projects, in order to
      ensure the sustainability of these projects through the training of those who
      will carry out the research, and to support the national institutional framework
      where the research will be conducted.

PMID- 13677413
TI  - Transdisciplinary approaches to building the capacity of the public health
      workforce.
AB  - The thesis of this article is that public health professionals working across
      disciplines can have a greater impact on the health of the public than they can
      working independently. A conceptual model, the HERP (Health Care Services,
      Education, Research, Policy) Transdisciplinary Model, is proposed to support the
      thesis. The model differentiates transdisciplinary approaches from
      multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary, and other similar efforts. Methods for
      strengthening the public health workforce through application of the
      transdisciplinary approach to research, professional education, and practice are
      discussed. The key roles played by epidemiological research, the cardiovascular
      disease (CVD) care team, and health education/health promotion in CVD prevention
      in developing countries are highlighted. CVD prevention in sub-Saharan Africa is
      used as an example in discussing the model and the transdisciplinary approach.

PMID- 13677414
TI  - High blood pressure: the foundation for epidemic cardiovascular disease in
      African populations.
AB  - High-blood pressure is a powerful independent risk factor for death from heart
      disease and stroke. It is also a common clinical condition affecting more than
      600 million persons worldwide and seen in nearly all populations. Although
      reliable, large-scale, population-based data on high blood pressure in sub
      Saharan Africa (SSA) are limited, recent studies provide important and worrisome
      findings in both epidemiology and clinical outcomes. Although overall
      hypertension prevalence is between 10%-15%, prevalence rates as high as 30%-32%
      have been reported in middle-income urban and some rural areas. Importantly,
      hypertension awareness, treatment, and control rates as low as 20%, 10%, and 1%,
      respectively have also been found. Stroke has been by far the most common
      clinical sequela. In most SSA settings, hypertension control assumes a relatively
      low priority and little experience exists in implementing sustainable and
      successful programs for drug treatment. Rapid urbanization and transition from
      agrarian life to the wage-earning economy of city life continue to fuel increases
      in average blood pressure levels and prevalence of hypertension. Although the
      true burden of high blood pressure in sub-Saharan Africa remains largely
      unmeasured, compelling preliminary evidence suggests that it is the foundation
      for epidemic cardiovascular disease in Africa and already contributes
      substantively to death and disability from stroke, heart failure, and kidney
      failure in this region. Success in limiting this epidemic in SSA will depend
      heavily on the implementation of sustainable and aggressive population-based
      programs for high blood pressure awareness, prevention, treatment, and control.
      It will be critical to obtain investments in improved surveillance and program
      relevant research to provide the evidence base for policy development and
      effective hypertension prevention and control.

PMID- 13677415
TI  - Genetic epidemiology of hypertension: an update on the African diaspora.
AB  - Hypertension is a serious global public health problem, affecting approximately
      600 million people worldwide. The lifetime risk of developing the condition
      exceeds 50% in most populations. Despite considerable success in the
      pharmacological treatment of hypertension in all-human populations, the health
      care community still lacks understanding of how and why individuals develop
      chronically elevated blood pressure. This gap in knowledge, and the high
      prevalence of hypertension and associated complications in some populations of
      African descent, have led some to conclude that hypertension is a "different
      disease" in people of African descent. Despite considerable evidence from
      epidemiologic studies showing that blood pressure distribution in populations of
      the African diaspora spans the known spectrum for all human populations, theories
      in support of unique "defects" among populations of African descent continue to
      gain wide acceptance. To date, no known environmental factors or genetic variants
      relevant to the pathophysiology of human hypertension have been found to be
      unique to Black populations. However, available genetic epidemiologic data
      demonstrate differential distributions of risk factors that are consistent with
      current environmental and geographic origins. This review summarizes the
      available evidence and demonstrates that as the exposure to known risk factors
      for hypertension (eg, excess consumption of salt and calories, stress, sedentary
      lifestyle, and degree of urbanization) increases among genetically susceptible
      individuals, the prevalence of hypertension and associated complications also
      increases across populations of the African diaspora. This observation is true
      for all human populations.

PMID- 13677416
TI  - Challenges for the management of hypertension in low-resource settings.
AB  - Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) account for one third of the global mortality and
      one tenth of the global disease burden; however, if rates of hypertension, a
      cardiovascular risk factor, were controlled, the reduction of the CVD burden
      would follow. One of the major constraints for controlling hypertension is the
      limitation of resources for health care, particularly in low- and middle-income
      countries, which contribute to 80% of the global CVD burden. Hence, it is vital
      to use the scarce resources with maximum efficiency. In this context, it is
      important to note that the benefits and cost-effectiveness of managing
      hypertension are determined by the overall risk of CVD and not by blood pressure
      level alone. Using this concept demands a paradigm shift from a "single risk"
      factor to an "absolute risk" approach. Unfortunately, the weak infrastructure of
      low-resource settings does not allow cardiovascular risk assessment using such
      variables as blood lipid measurements for risk stratification. Feasible risk
      assessment methods are needed and should use simple variables such as age, sex,
      smoking habits, history of premature cardiovascular disease in the family, and
      rates of diabetes and hypertension. To meet this need, a pragmatic CVD-Risk
      Management package has been developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to
      facilitate cardiovascular risk assessment and management in low-resource
      settings. Cost-effective healthcare interventions to reduce the cardiovascular
      burden can only be implemented if the health services policy environment and
      financing enable implementation. The success of this approach will also depend on
      the capacity of primary heathcare systems to deliver these interventions and
      serve the long-term needs of high-risk CVD patients. For many countries, the
      individual management of large numbers of patients with low CVD risk will not be
      affordable. Yet, individuals at low risk, and not those at high risk, account for
      a greater share of the overall disease burden. Therefore, we must shift the
      distribution of CVD through population-wide strategies that address all major CVD
      risk factors, including hypertension.

PMID- 13677417
TI  - Improving cardiovascular disease prevention and management in Africa: issues to
      consider for the 21st century.
AB  - There is substantial evidence that cardiovascular diseases, and their associated
      risk factors, are becoming an increasing threat to the health of a large portion
      of the populace in many areas of Africa, particularly sub-Saharan Africa. If not
      adequately addressed, this epidemic will place an even greater burden on the poor
      economies and weak public health infrastructures of this continent. Important
      strategies for curtailing this epidemic will include primordial, primary, and
      secondary prevention, population-based prevention programs, improved research and
      surveillance, and increased governmental accountability for the adequate
      appropriation of public health.

PMID- 13677418
TI  - Population aging and implications for epidemic cardiovascular disease in Sub
      Saharan Africa.
AB  - Within the clinical and public health communities, it is often unnoticed that the
      developing world is experiencing an aging population with its attendant increase
      in the burden of chronic, noncommunicable diseases. From July 1999 to July 2000,
      77% of the world's net gain in elderly persons occurred in developing countries.
      In Sub-Saharan Africa alone, the number of persons aged 65 years and older is
      expected to increase by 50% in 2015, from 19.3 million to 28.9 million. This
      demographic change has profound implications for developing countries that
      already shoulder a huge burden of communicable diseases, especially the HIV/AIDS
      epidemic, and continue to be challenged by basic infrastructure needs and
      economic development. In the 30-year period from 2000 to 2030, the population of
      elderly persons is projected to double in many Sub-Saharan African countries
      including the Democratic Republic of Congo, Mozambique, Cameroon, and Ghana. The
      scale and magnitude of these demographic changes are unprecedented. Since
      advancing age is the most powerful independent predictor of cardiovascular
      morbidity and mortality, the impact of these demographic changes on heart disease
      and stroke will be substantial. Aggressive efforts in promoting healthy aging and
      the prevention of cardiovascular risk factors will be crucial in preventing an
      impending cardiovascular epidemic in these countries.

PMID- 13677419
TI  - Tobacco use and the cardiovascular disease epidemic in developing countries:
      global crises and opportunity in the making.
AB  - Tobacco use is a powerful, independent predictor of deaths related to
      cardiovascular disease, and is an important contributor to deaths from major
      chronic diseases. Unfortunately, increasing rates of tobacco use throughout the
      world are contributing significantly to the burden of death and disability from
      these diseases, especially in developing countries. If current trends continue,
      the annual number of people killed by tobacco use will more than triple, to 10
      million by 2030. However, we have an opportunity to reverse these trends and
      avoid this impending epidemic of tobacco-related deaths. In this, article, we
      examine the current global burden of tobacco-related diseases, and future
      projections, and conclude by emphasizing that: 1) effective strategies for
      curbing this epidemic are available; and 2) the time has rome for effective
      global tobacco-control action.

PMID- 13677420
TI  - The tobacco industry and secondhand smoke: lessons from Central and South
      America.
AB  - For more than 20 years the tobacco industry has considered secondhand smoke to be
      a threat to its viability. In this article, we describe why secondhand smoke is
      important to tobacco control and how the tobacco industry's "Latin Project"
      sought to prevent the creation of smoke-free workplaces and public places in
      Central and South America. Eliminating secondhand smoke exposure not only reduces
      the risk of cardiovascular and other diseases, but also creates an environment
      that substantially reduces smoking and cigarette consumption among smokers. The
      "Latin Project" was initiated in 1991 by Philip Morris and British American
      Tobacco and managed by the law firm Covington & Burling. The project assembled a
      network of well-placed physicians and scientists to divert the attention away
      from secondhand smoke toward other indoor air pollutants. As proven in Central
      and South America, the tobacco industry has manipulated the secondhand smoke
      issue in order to avoid the development of smoke-free environments. Sub-Saharan
      Africa, facing an epidemiologic transition similar to the one experienced by
      Central and South America, should be aware of tobacco industry tactics. Further
      delay in implementing smoke-free environments will only increase the burden of
      cardiovascular disease in both areas of the world.

PMID- 13677421
TI  - Optimal nutrition for the prevention of coronary heart disease: a worldwide
      challenge.
AB  - The worldwide spread of the coronary heart disease (CHD) epidemic is, in part,
      related to unfavorable changes in dietary patterns in the developing world. Much
      has been learned about optimal nutrition for the prevention of CHD. These lessons
      can, and should, be applied to countries where the burden of CHD is rapidly
      increasing, in order to help slow the progression of the CHD epidemic, to save
      many lives, and to prevent considerable disability worldwide.

PMID- 13677422
TI  - Obesity in adult residents of Accra, Ghana.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of obesity in Ghanaian adults. DESIGN:
      6300 adults, aged 25 years and older, were selected by random cluster sampling
      using electoral enumeration areas and listings of adults. SETTING: Two urban and
      one rural community in the Greater Accra region of Ghana. SUBJECTS AND METHODS:
      4733 (males=1860, females=2873) adult Ghanaians participated. Height and weight
      were determined for subjects wearing light clothing and without shoes. RESULTS:
      The mean age and BMI were 44.3 years and 24.4 kg/m2, respectively. Women, though
      younger, had higher BMI values compared to males (25.6 vs 22.6 kg/m2,
      respectively; P<.001). The overall crude prevalence of overweight (25.0-29.9
      kg/m2) and obesity (> or = 30 kg/m2) were 23.4% and 14.1% for females and males,
      respectively. The rates of overweight (27.1% vs 17.5%) and obesity (20.2% vs
      4.6%) were both higher in women than men. The age-standardized prevalence of
      obesity in Ghanaians was 13.6%. Obesity increased with age, peaking in the 55-64
      year age group. The first to fourth BMI quartiles were: < or = 20.6, 20.7-23.3,
      23.4-27.2, and > or = 27.3 kg/m2, respectively. At all ages, more females (32.9%)
      than males (12%) were placed within the 4th BMI quartile. Residents from the high
      class residential area had higher BMI, compared to subjects from the lower class
      suburb. Also, urban residents had higher BMI compared to rural subjects.
      CONCLUSION: Overweight and obesity are common in Ghanaians, particularly among
      females, the elderly, and urban dwellers. Further work is needed to ascertain the
      determinants of overweight and obesity in Ghanaians.

PMID- 13677423
TI  - Global epidemic of type 2 diabetes: implications for developing countries.
AB  - Diabetes has reached epidemic proportions in many populations. Current estimates
      suggest that the number of persons with diabetes will reach 250 million by 2010
      and 300 million by 2025. The majority of these patients will have type 2 diabetes
      and reside in developing countries. Type 2 diabetes and its associated long-term
      complications continue to accelerate among patients who reside in developing
      countries. Apart from microscopic complications, cardiovascular disease, with its
      attending morbidity and mortality, is on the rise in the developing countries.
      Current evidence suggests that environmental factors are major determinants of
      the increasing rates of diabetes. Addressing these environmental factors offers a
      unique opportunity for preventing diabetes; health programs that aim to encourage
      physical activity and discourage (or limit) overweight and obesity deserve
      significant attention. Prevention must be the cornerstone for international
      health organizations and ministries of health in developing countries as they
      plan diabetes management programs.

PMID- 13677424
TI  - Lipid and lipoprotein testing in resource-limited laboratories.
AB  - The role of total cholesterol (TC) and lipoproteins in the assessment of coronary
      heart disease (CHD) is firmly established from population and intervention
      studies. Total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) levels are
      positively associated with CHD, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC)
      levels are negatively associated with CHD. Efforts to identify and treat people
      at increased risk based on cholesterol and lipoprotein levels have led to more
      lipid testing and the need for very reliable test results. Thus, quality
      laboratory services are an essential component of healthcare delivery and play a
      vital role in any strategy to reduce morbidity and mortality from CHD. In
      laboratories with limited resources, establishing laboratory capability to
      measure CHD risk markers may be a considerable challenge. Laboratories face
      problems in selecting proper techniques, difficulties in equipment availability
      and maintenance, and shortage of supplies, staffing, and supervision. The Centers
      for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has been providing technical assistance
      for more than 30 years to laboratories that measure lipids and lipoproteins and
      is willing to provide technical assistance as needed for other laboratories to
      develop this capability. CDC can provide technical assistance to establish lipid
      and lipoprotein testing capability to support a CHD public health program in
      areas with limited laboratory resources. This assistance includes: selecting a
      suitable testing instrument; providing training for laboratory technicians;
      establishing a simple quality control plan; and instructing staff on how to
      prepare frozen serum control materials suitable for assessing accuracy of lipid
      and lipoprotein testing.

PMID- 13677425
TI  - Prevalence and determinants of diabetic retinopathy and cataracts in West African
      type 2 diabetes patients.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To quantify the prevalence of, and risk factors for, diabetic
      retinopathy and cataracts in patients with type 2 diabetes, and their spouse
      controls, enrolled from 5 centers in 2 West African countries (Ghana and
      Nigeria). METHOD: The analysis cohort was made up of 840 subjects with type 2
      diabetes, and their 191 unaffected spouse controls, who were enrolled and
      examined in Lagos, Enugu, and Ibadan, in Nigeria, and in Accra and Kumasi, in
      Ghana. A diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy was made only where a participant had
      a minimum of one microaneurysm in any field, as well as exhibiting hemorrhages
      (dot, blot, or flame shaped), and maculopathy (with or without clinically
      significant edema). RESULTS: Average duration of diabetes was 7.0 years, and mean
      age at diagnosis was 46.5 years. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was 17.9%.
      Cataracts were present in 44.9% of the patients with type 2 diabetes, and in
      18.3% of spouse controls. The risk of developing retinopathy increased more than
      3-fold for patients at the highest fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level (OR=3.4;
      95% CI, 1.8-6.3), compared to patients at the lowest FPG level. The odds ratios
      for persons with diabetes for 10 years or more, compared to persons with diabetes
      for less than 5 years, was 7.3 (95% CI, 4.3-12.3) for retinopathy, and 2.6 (95%
      CI, 1.5-4.5) for cataracts. CONCLUSIONS: Cataracts were a more important cause of
      vision impairment than was diabetic retinopathy in this cohort. The prevalence of
      cataracts in patients with diabetes was more than twice that of their spouse
      controls, indicating that type 2 diabetes is an important risk factor for
      cataract formation. Individuals who developed type 2 diabetes at an earlier age
      were more likely to develop both diabetic retinopathy and cataracts. A strong
      positive association was observed between FPG level, duration of diabetes, and
      risk of retinopathy and cataracts. The low prevalence of retinopathy and
      cataracts observed within the first 5 years of diagnosis of diabetes in this
      cohort, suggests that intensive blood glucose control may reduce the risk of the
      development and progression of retinopathy and cataracts. In this regard, early
      eye examination, preferably at first presentation of elevated blood glucose, is
      highly recommended.

PMID- 13677426
TI  - Lessons from chronic renal diseases in African Americans: treatment implications.
AB  - End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a significant public health problem in both
      developed and developing countries. The magnitude and patterns of renal disease
      vary among countries, differences that could be due, in part, to regional racial
      and ethnic composition. The United States is a typical example, with significant
      racial and ethnic differences in the magnitude and pattern of renal disease.
      Compared with Caucasians and Asians, African Americans, Native Americans, and
      Pacific Islanders are disproportionately afflicted with end-stage kidney failure.
      Whereas diabetes mellitus (primarily type 2) is the predominant cause of renal
      disease (and ESRD) in the United States, especially in Native Americans,
      hypertensive kidney disease is a major cause of ESRD in African Americans. Some
      of the lifestyle and physical characteristics that may be responsible for the
      increased incidence and prevalence of hypertensive kidney disease in African
      Americans include: 1) the higher prevalence and severity of hypertension,
      especially in the early years of life; 2) lower socioeconomic status leading to
      inadequate health care; 3) a greater propensity toward developing intrinsic renal
      vascular disease; 4) a greater tendency toward developing target organ damage at
      "normal" blood pressure levels; 5) illicit drug use; and 6) the use of medication
      that is less reno-protective to treat their blood pressure.

PMID- 13677427
TI  - Secondary glomerulonephritides.
AB  - This review of the secondary glomerulonephritides outlines presentation clues to
      assist the primary healthcare worker in making the diagnosis. Glomerulonephritis
      (GN) due to the following disorders will be described: hepatitis B virus (HBV),
      hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), sickle cell disease
      (SCD), and systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE).

PMID- 13677428
TI  - Increasing trends in pre-transport stroke deaths--United States, 1990-1998.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: We examined national trends in places where stroke deaths occurred.
      METHODS: National vital statistics data (1990-1998) for stroke death (ICD-9 codes
      430-438) were analyzed for place of death by selected socio-demographic
      characteristics and stroke subtype. RESULTS: Half of all stroke deaths in 1998
      occurred in-hospital, 46.1% occurred pre-transport, 0.6% were dead on arrival,
      and 3.3% occurred in the emergency department. Pre-transport deaths accounted for
      55.0% of ischemic strokes, 12.8% of intracerebral strokes, and 12.9% of
      subarachnoid hemorrhagic strokes. The proportions of stroke deaths occurring pre
      transport increased from 1990 through 1998 by 22.9% for all strokes, by 25.3% for
      ischemic, and by 24.3% for hemorrhagic stroke deaths. CONCLUSIONS: Almost half of
      stroke deaths occur prior to hospital admission. Research must identify factors
      that promote more timely access to effective medical care. Further efforts are
      needed to increase public awareness about stroke symptoms in order to reduce both
      delays in seeking treatment, and untimely deaths from stroke.

PMID- 13677429
TI  - Cardiovascular disease prevention in low resource settings: lessons from the
      Heartfile experience in Pakistan.
AB  - This paper outlines activities of the Heartfile Program in Pakistan
      (http://heartfile.org). The program focuses on cardiovascular disease prevention
      and health promotion, and includes several initiatives that encompass building
      policy, reorienting health services, and developing community interventions that
      utilize the print and electronic media and outreach at the grass-root level to
      incorporate social marketing approaches. Initiated by the nonprofit private
      sector, the program now links with major public sector primary healthcare
      programs, and is currently spearheading formulation of the National Action Plan
      on Noncommunicable Disease Prevention and Control in Pakistan. In addition, the
      program is being refined, validated, and packaged as a replicable model for other
      developing countries and in low resource settings, utilizing appropriate
      principles of franchising with inbuilt components sensitive to cultural and
      social adaptations. A review of the planning process, implementation strategy,
      and fund-raising experience is presented. Strategies unique to low resource
      settings, such as the development of cost- and time-efficient strategic alliances
      and partnerships, have also been highlighted. In addition, specific caveats are
      identified as being helpful to private sector development of chronic disease
      prevention programs in resource-constrained settings, and a road map to a
      sustainable public-private sector partnership is provided.

PMID- 13677430
TI  - Non-communicable diseases, political economy, and culture in Africa:
      anthropological applications in an emerging pandemic.
AB  - So-called 'diseases of lifestyle' are playing a major role in epidemiological
      transitions in many developing countries. Stratifying, urbanizing, and ageing
      African populations face rising levels of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This
      article examines the need for anthropological perspectives on the causes,
      prevention, and control of NCDs, such as diabetes and hypertension, in Africa.
      Anthropologists have been silent on these topics in African public health for a
      decade or more. Community-oriented field studies on structural and socio-cultural
      aspects of NCDs are urgently needed. There can be little doubt of the benefits to
      be gained from a multi-disciplinary approach to NCD study and intervention for
      developing countries. However, key institutions setting the research agenda are
      doing so without the input of anthropologists or social epidemiologists, and
      without an emphasis on social science capacity strengthening in African
      countries.

PMID- 13677431
TI  - Education and income: double-edged swords in the epidemiologic transition of
      cardiovascular disease.
AB  - The 2002 World Health Report warns that the allies of poverty and ignorance are
      joining forces with the new formidable enemies of health. This describes the
      epidemiologic transition of burden of disease from infectious and parasitic
      diseases to that of noncommunicable diseases. All parts of the world, with the
      possible exception of sub-Saharan Africa, have well-established epidemics of
      coronary heart disease and stroke. Hypertension contributes significantly to
      mortality everywhere and is a leading global problem. Education and wealth have
      strong influences on the epidemiologic transition and might serve as a double
      edged sword of benefit and risk. While improved education and enhanced resources
      are necessary to reduce infectious, parasitic, and perinatal diseases, these
      factors are also associated with adoption of deleterious health behaviors, which
      lead to the atherosclerotic diseases. The diffusion of innovation theory
      describes the early adoption of unhealthy lifestyles in the educated and wealthy,
      who soon recognize the costs to their community and modify these lifestyles. The
      uneducated poor may adopt these unhealthy lifestyles later, but, once that
      occurs, are left with higher risk and burden of cardiovascular disease. One
      possible reason for this is that discretionary income and the desire for modern
      conveniences quickly attract unhealthy products (tobacco, high fat/high salt
      foods) and unhealthy behaviors (sedentary entertainment transportation without
      physical exertion). The commercial interests of these products have been
      efficient and effective in delivering their messages to developing societies.
      Heart health organizations must be more aggressive in their assessment of needs
      for programs, education of people over a broad range of education levels,
      assurance of access to heart health services, alteration of the environment to
      facilitate heart health, and the development of policies and laws to limit
      deleterious products and behaviors. These late-adopter communities are assumed to
      require additional efforts and services to counterbalance deleterious influences.
      Sub-Saharan Africa is the only WHO region in which cardiovascular disease is not
      the leading cause of death. There is no precedent to support the notion that
      Africa will, without special efforts, avoid progression to later stages of the
      epidemiologic transition. The goal of improved education and eradication of
      poverty in Africa should not and need not carry the unhappy consequence of a
      cardiovascular disease epidemic.

PMID- 13677432
TI  - The role of the World Heart Federation in cardiovascular health promotion and
      disease prevention in developing countries with a special emphasis on sub-Saharan
      Africa.
AB  - The World Heart Federation (WHF) is a non-governmental organization dedicated to
      the prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases. The Federation is
      committed to helping the global population achieve a longer life, of improved
      quality, through prevention and control of heart disease and stroke, with a
      particular focus on low- and middle-income countries. The WHF comprises 167
      member societies of cardiology and heart foundations from 100 countries and
      continental members. The WHF supports science, educates and trains, and plays an
      advocacy role. Africa is of particular concern to the WHF, as it is estimated
      that, in 1990, the death rate from non-communicable diseases was approximately
      one third that from communicable diseases, and that by 2020, the death rates will
      be roughly equal. The WHF is assisting with capacity building through the newly
      established African Heart Network (AHN), and the Pan-African Society of
      Cardiology (PASCAR). Through a formal memorandum of understanding, these
      organizations will work together in the areas of tobacco control and hypertension
      and will focus on building sustained capacity for health promotion, policy
      change, and effective clinical interventions.

PMID- 13677433
TI  - Food supplementation during pregnancy and functional outcomes.

PMID- 13677434
TI  - Effect of targeted food supplementation and services in the Bangladesh Integrated
      Nutrition Project on women and their pregnancy outcomes.
AB  - Monitoring data from the Bangladesh Integrated Nutrition Project and new data
      collected for this purpose were analyzed to assess the effects of targeted
      project services, including supplementation of food, on malnourished pregnant
      women (women with a body mass index [BMI] of < or = 18.5 in early pregnancy).
      Monitoring data on 456 women--195 receiving food supplement and 261 not receiving
      supplement--were collected from 17 upazilas (sub-districts) in four districts of
      Bangladesh. The assessment found that, despite lower economic status, the women
      with low BMI receiving supplementation of food and intensified services were more
      likely to have adequate pregnancy-related weight gain than the more economically
      advantaged women with higher BMI. Primigravidae receiving supplementation were
      also more likely to have adequate pregnancy-related weight gain than the better
      off non-supplemented primigravidae (85.7% vs 51.9%, p = 0.044). The mean birth
      weights of infants of the supplemented women with low BMI were comparable to
      those of the better-off, non-supplemented women.

PMID- 13677435
TI  - Patterns and properties of haemagglutinins expressed by Shigella serogroups in
      Lagos, Nigeria.
AB  - Forty-five strains of Shigella were screened for haemagglutinin production and
      broad-spectrum haemagglutination reaction. Mannose-sensitive haemagglutinin
      (MSHA) was found in 22 strains [Shigella flexneri (7), S. dysenteriae (7), S.
      sonnei (3), and S. boydii (5)]. Eighteen strains harboured mannose-resistant
      haemagglutinin (MRHA), and 8 strains were observed to be non-haemagglutinating to
      guinea pig erythrocyte. With the exception of human erythrocytes (O, A, B, and
      AB), the observed MSHA and MRHA also agglutinated the erythrocytes of rabbit,
      sheep, rat, chicken, and horse, suggesting a broad-spectrum haemagglutinating
      property. Haemagglutinins of S. flexneri and S. dysenteriae elicited a relatively
      stronger haemagglutinating activity with agglutinability to chicken and rabbit
      erythrocytes enhanced by trypsinization. Haemagglutination reaction with guinea
      pig erythrocyte was generally inhibited by sialic acid, while simple sugars, such
      as D-glucose, D-galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine, N-acetylglucosamine, and D
      rhamnose, elicited no inhibitory effect. The results of the study revealed broad
      spectrum haemagglutinin expression by circulating Shigella strains in Nigeria.

PMID- 13677436
TI  - Prevalence and pattern of antimicrobial resistance of Shigella species among
      patients with acute diarrhoea in Karaj, Tehran, Iran.
AB  - The study was carried out to determine the prevalence and pattern of
      antimicrobial resistance of Shigella species among patients with acute diarrhoea
      in Karaj, Tehran, Iran. The study included all acute diarrhoea patients who
      visited the hospitals and treatment centres of Karaj during November 2001-October
      2002. Of 734 stool samples collected from patients with acute diarrhoea and
      analyzed for Shigella spp., 123 (16.8%) yielded Shigella spp. (7.5% Shigella
      flexneri, 5.2% S. sonnei, 2.6% S. dysenteriae, and 1.5% S. boydii). Of the
      Shigella isolates, 90.8% were resistant to one or more antimicrobial agent(s),
      and 87.8% were multidrug resistant. The most common resistance was to
      tetracycline (73.5%), trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (70.4%), and amoxicillin
      clavulanic acid (50.0%). Resistance to cefixime, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, and
      nalidixic acid was observed in 6.1%, 3.1%, 2.0%, and 1.0% of the isolates
      respectively. These findings suggest that Shigella spp. may be an important
      aetiological agent of diarrhoea with a high rate of drug resistance in this
      region, which requires further study.

PMID- 13677437
TI  - Potential role of male community-based distributors in a family-planning
      programme in western Uganda: results of a pilot study.
AB  - The aim of this pilot study was to determine the differences in family-planning
      knowledge and compliance with programme guidelines among male and female
      community-based distributors (CBDs) of contraceptives in Kabarole district,
      Uganda. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for interviewing 70 CBDs.
      Results of interviews showed that the knowledge and compliance scores were not
      significantly associated with gender and age. The female clients of male CBDs
      were more likely to discuss family planning with their partners, and the female
      CBDs included other health topics more in their family-planning counselling. Both
      male and female CBDs had equal knowledge about family planning and equally
      complied with the established programme protocols. The male CBDs enhanced
      communication about family planning between spouses. If this could be confirmed,
      gender should be considered in the recruitment of new CBDs. The results suggest
      that male CBDs may have a unique role in promoting family planning effectively
      and in enhancing communication between spouses about family planning.

PMID- 13677438
TI  - Prevalence of selected reproductive tract infections among pregnant women
      attending an urban maternal and childcare unit in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
AB  - A cross-sectional study was conducted during May-December 2000 among pregnant
      women attending an urban maternal and childcare-delivery unit in Dhaka,
      Bangladesh, to assess the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis, Trichomonas
      vaginalis, and syphilis. All pregnant women at 16-24 weeks gestation attending
      the clinic for antenatal check-up irrespective of symptoms were enrolled.
      Sociodemographic information and obstetric history were obtained from each
      enrolled subject. High vaginal swabs and serum samples were tested for bacterial
      vaginosis, and T. vaginalis and syphilis respectively. In total, 284 pregnant
      women were enrolled. Of them, 17.7% had bacterial vaginosis, 1.4% had Trichomonas
      infection, and 3% had syphilis. The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis was higher
      in women with low socioeconomic status.

PMID- 13677439
TI  - Factors associated with size and proportionality at birth in term Jamaican
      infants.
AB  - The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with size and
      proportionality at birth in a cohort of term infants established to investigate
      their growth and development. One hundred and forty term low-birth-weight (birth
      weight < 2,500 g) infants and 94 normal birth-weight infants (2,500- < 4,000 g)
      were recruited within 48 hours of birth at the main maternity hospital, Kingston,
      Jamaica. Birth anthropometry and gestational age were measured, and maternal
      information was obtained by interview and from hospital records. Controlling for
      gestational age, variables independently associated with birth-weight were rate
      of weight gain in the second half of pregnancy, maternal height, haemoglobin
      level < 9.5 microg/dL, time of first attendance in antenatal clinic, birth order,
      pre-eclampsia, and consumption of alcohol, with 33% of the variance in birth
      weight explained. Birth length was associated only with maternal height and age,
      while measures of proportionality (ponderal index and head/length ratio) were
      associated with characteristics of the environment in late pregnancy, including
      rate of weight gain, weight in late pregnancy, and pre-eclampsia. The variation
      in maternal characteristics associated with size or proportionality at birth may
      reflect the times during gestation when different aspects of growth are most
      affected.

PMID- 13677440
TI  - More reliable data for diarrhoeal intervention programmes: rethinking on
      knowledge, attitude and practice studies.
AB  - The aim of this study was to propose an alternative approach to traditional
      knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) studies to enhance the quality of data on
      which educational health programmes are based. The methodology proposed and
      illustrated involved a triangulation of approaches derived from linguistics,
      cognitive science, and medical laboratory sciences. Three diarrhoeal health talks
      (educational messages) as given to mothers in three primary-care facilities in
      Borno State (Northeast Nigeria) were subjected to a linguistics analysis.
      Relationships were then sought between the ontology of knowledge in the health
      talks as revealed by the text analysis and two other kinds of data, namely: (a)
      mothers' answers to a set of ecologically-sensitive reasoning questions that test
      how much relevant inferential knowledge the health talks allow for and (b)
      results of microbiological and biochemical analyses of salt-sugar rehydration
      solutions prepared by mothers participating in the study. The findings of the
      study show a relationship between contents/formatting of the health talks and the
      extent to which relevant inferential competence was supported or demonstrated by
      mothers. It was also evident that the laboratory analyses could be related either
      directly to the health talks or indirectly in terms of what the health talks need
      to emphasize on. The conclusion shows how the methodology proposed addresses
      shortcomings of traditional KAP studies in respect of the gap between health
      knowledge and practice.

PMID- 13677441
TI  - Food taboos among nursing mothers of Mexico.
AB  - This cross-sectional study was carried out in Guadalajara, Mexico, during 1998
      1999 to identify food taboos among nursing mothers who participated in a breast
      feeding support programme. The study included 493 nursing mothers who were
      interviewed 10-45 days after delivery. A chi-square test was used for finding an
      association among food taboos, mother's characteristics, and demographic
      variables. 50.3% of the mothers avoided at least one food in their diet after
      childbirth due to beliefs that it was harmful during breast-feeding. Forty-seven
      percent avoided three or more foods. Fruits and vegetables (62%) and legumes
      (20%) were the most-avoided foods. These food taboos were associated with living
      more than 10 years in Guadalajara city (odds ratio [OR] 1.95 [1.25-3.09], p =
      0.002), breast-feeding experience (OR 1.91 [1.18-3.12], p = 0.005), no-prenatal
      information about breast-feeding (OR 1.59 [1.08-2.34], (p = 0.01), and other
      people's suggestion to complement breast-feeding (OR 1.61 [1.09-2.38], p = 0.01).
      A supportive approach and efficient communication, taking into account mother's
      characteristics, might reduce the gap between scientific recommendations and
      nutritional practices of mothers willing to nurse their infants.

PMID- 13677442
TI  - Discontinuation of contraceptive use in Ghana.
AB  - Using data from the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey 1998, this paper analyzed
      the duration of use of a contraceptive method and the reasons for its non-use
      given by former users of contraception. The results showed that the duration of
      use tended to be short, particularly so for the use of condom and withdrawal.
      Injectable contraceptives and periodic abstinence tended to be used for
      relatively long periods. After type of method, a woman's age and residence (urban
      or rural) were the most significant predictors of duration of use. The reasons
      for not currently using contraception given by significant numbers of former
      users of pill and injectable contraceptives should concern service providers and
      educators.

PMID- 13677443
TI  - Seroprevalence of Brucella in an elderly population in mid-Anatolia, Turkey.
AB  - Brucellosis is a widespread infectious disease in the mid-Anatolia regions of
      Turkey. This study investigated the prevalence of Brucella infection in elderly
      people of this region. In total, 750 elderly subjects were chosen by a simple
      random-sampling method. Blood samples were evaluated by the Brucella Wright
      agglutination test. Brucella seropositivity was detected in 24 (3.2%) of the 750
      subjects. Although there was no statistical correlation between Brucella
      seropositivity and sex or educational level (p > 0.05), seropositivity was
      statistically significant with subjects exposed to risk factors (p < 0.001). It
      is concluded that Brucella infection is still an important public-health problem
      in the cities of mid-Anatolia.

PMID- 13677444
TI  - Prevalence of overweight defined by body mass index in a rural adult population
      of Bangladesh.

PMID- 13677445
TI  - Meeting report: Regional conference on the ecology and impact assessment of
      Phaeocystis blooms in the Eastern Channel and Southern Bight of the North Sea,
      Oostende, Belgium, November 27-29, 2002.

PMID- 13677446
TI  - RNAi in protozoan parasites: what hope for the Apicomplexa?

PMID- 13677447
TI  - Intraflagellar transport in the unicellular green alga, Chlamydomonas
      reinhardtii.

PMID- 13677448
TI  - Gamma-tubulin and MTOCs in Paramecium.
AB  - The characterization of the two Paramecium gamma-tubulin genes, gammaPT1 and
      gammaPT2, allowed us to raise Paramecium-specific antibodies, directed against
      their most divergent carboxy-terminal peptide and to analyze the localization and
      dynamics of gamma-tubulin throughout the cell cycle. As in other cell types, a
      large proportion of the protein was found to be cytosolic, but in contrast to the
      general situation, gamma-tubulin was found to be permanently associated to four
      types of sites: basal bodies, the micronuclear compartment--within which mitotic
      and meiotic spindles develop without membrane breakdown, the pores of the
      contractile vacuoles and the cytoproct which are cortical microtubular organelles
      fulfilling excretory functions. In addition, a transient site of gamma-tubulin
      and microtubule assembly was observed at the site of nuclear exchange during
      conjugation. This complexity accounts for the nucleation of most of the numerous
      and diverse microtubule arrays present in Paramecium. The sites and mode of
      nucleation of the microtubule bundles formed in the macronuclear compartment
      during division remain unclear. These observations lead us to discuss the
      relationships between microtubules, gamma-tubulin and MTOCs.

PMID- 13677449
TI  - Schizocladia ischiensis: a new filamentous marine chromophyte belonging to a new
      class, Schizocladiophyceae.
AB  - A new marine filamentous chromophyte Schizocladia ischiensis sp. nov. is
      described from Naples, Italy, and a new class, Schizocladiophyceae, is proposed
      to accommodate the species based on morphology, photosynthetic pigment analysis,
      and rbcL and 18S rRNA gene sequences. The vegetative thallus is composed of
      branched filaments, 3-7 microm in diameter, containing one to two light brown
      parietal plastids. Cell walls are composed of layered fibers containing
      alginates, but lacking cellulose. Plastids are of the typical chromophyte type,
      containing chlorophylls a and c, and abundant fucoxanthin. Zoospores are formed
      by direct transformation of vegetative cells or through a process including a
      multinucleated cell stage. Zoospores are teardrop-shaped with a longer anterior
      flagellum with tubular mastigonemes and a shorter smooth posterior flagellum with
      a basal swelling. Flagella have a single basal plate and multi-gyred transitional
      helix distal to the basal plate. Each zoospore has an eyespot. Phylogenetic
      analyses using rbcL and 18S rDNA sequences suggest the closest phylogenetic
      relationship with Phaeophyceae, and then with Xanthophyceae and
      Phaeothamniophyceae. Nevertheless, Schizocladia differs from Phaeophyceae in some
      essential features (i.e. cell wall lacking cellulose and plasmodesmata, presence
      of flagellar transitional helix). Therefore, an independent class
      Schizocladiophyceae is proposed to accommodate this new taxon.

PMID- 13677450
TI  - Myb genes in ciliates: a common origin with the myb protooncogene?
AB  - In animals, the protooncogene myb family is characterized by a DNA-binding domain
      (so-called MYB domain), which consists of 3 imperfect tandem repeats of a helix
      turn-helix motif. Homologous genes have been characterized in plants and also in
      Dictyostelium discoideum. However, in plants, the myb family is more diverse and
      displays 2 types of MYB domains: the animal-like 3 repeats (MYB-3R) and the 2
      repeats (MYB-2R) domains. The question is therefore raised as to the putative
      existence of genes with MYB-3R and/or MYB-2R domains in their last common
      unicellular ancestor. Here, we present evidence that in ciliates like in plants,
      both types of domain exist. A gene having a MYB-3R domain has been identified in
      the oxytrichid Sterkiella histriomuscorum and a gene having a MYB-2R domain has
      been identified in the euplotid Euplotes aediculatus. Both genes are expressed
      during the vegetative growth of the cells. A conserved intron exists in the gene
      of Sterkiella and phylogenetical analyses show that the 2 ciliate genes belong to
      the myb protooncogene family as deeply split lineages. This is the first report
      of a myb homolog in a ciliated protist, thus, confirming its origin in strict
      unicellular eukaryotes.

PMID- 13677451
TI  - Plant functional group diversity promotes soil protist diversity.
AB  - We tested whether effects of plant diversity can propagate through food webs,
      down to heterotrophic protists not linked directly to plants. To this end we
      synthesised grassland ecosystems with varying numbers of plant functional groups
      (FGN) and assessed corresponding changes in testate amoebae communities. The
      number of plant species was kept constant. When FGN was increased from 1 to 3,
      species number and total community density of live testate amoebae were enhanced
      according to a linear and a saturating function, respectively. From FGN 1 to 2,
      the appearance of new testate amoebae species did not affect the presence of the
      resident species, whereas, from FGN 2 to 3 about one quarter of the resident
      testate amoebae species was replaced, without altering the total species number.
      Overall, density by species increased, while evenness of the testate amoebae
      community was not affected by FGN; although Trinema lineare, one of the most
      common species, became more abundant. The observed relationship between plant
      functional group diversity and testate amoebae diversity could shed new light on
      the biogeographical distribution patterns of protists.

PMID- 13677452
TI  - The fenestrin antigen in submembrane skeleton of the ciliate Tetrahymena
      thermophila is proposed as a marker of cell polarity during cell division and in
      oral replacement.
AB  - Tetrahymena thermophila cells have two types of polarized morphogenesis:
      divisional morphogenesis and oral reorganization (OR). The aim of this research
      is the analysis of cortical patterns of immunostaining during cell division and
      in OR using previously characterized antibodies against fenestrin and epiplasm B
      proteins. During cell division, the anarchic field of basal body proliferation of
      the new developing oral apparatus (AF) showed concomitant strong binding of the
      fenestrin antigen and withdrawal of a signal of the epiplasm B antigen. At a
      specific stage, the fenestrin antigen also appeared as a character of the
      anterior cortex pole, with a co-localized decrease in the detected epiplasm B
      antigen. The fenestrin antigen also showed a polarity of duplicating basal bodies
      in ciliary rows. Indirect immunofluorescence and immunogold labeling experiments
      were performed in the absence and presence of an inhibitor of activity of
      serine/threonine kinases, 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP) as an inducer of the
      oral replacement process. In the presence of 6-DMAP, one class of cells started
      OR, and some others were trapped and affected in cell division. Both types of
      cells showed an instability of oral structures and formed enlarged primordial
      oral fields. These anarchic fields (AFs) bind the fenestrin antigen, with
      disappearance of epiplasmic antigen staining. Only one protein (about 64 kDa) is
      detected in western blots by the anti-fenestrin antibody and it accumulated in 6
      DMAP-treated cells that are involved in uncompleted morphogenetic activity. At a
      defined stage of oral development, both during cell division and in OR, the
      fenestrin antigen served as a marker of polarity of the cell of the anterior pole
      character.

PMID- 13677453
TI  - Genomic organization of Trypanosoma brucei kinetoplast DNA minicircles.
AB  - The sequences of seven new Trypanosoma brucei kinetoplast DNA minicircles were
      obtained. A detailed comparative analysis of these sequences and those of the 18
      complete kDNA minicircle sequences from T. brucei available in the database was
      performed. These 25 different minicircles contain 86 putative gRNA genes. The
      number of gRNA genes per minicircle varies from 2 to 5. In most cases, the genes
      are located between short imperfect inverted repeats, but in several minicircles
      there are inverted repeat cassettes that did not contain identifiable gRNA genes.
      Five minicircles contain single gRNA genes not surrounded by identifiable
      repeats. Two pairs of closely related minicircles may have recently evolved from
      common ancestors: KTMH1 and KTMH3 contained the same gRNA genes in the same
      order, whereas KTCSGRA and KTCSGRB contained two gRNA genes in the same order and
      one gRNA gene specific to each. All minicircles could be classified into two
      classes on the basis of a short substitution within the highly conserved region,
      but the minicircles in these two classes did not appear to differ in terms of
      gRNA content or gene organization. A number of redundant gRNAs containing
      identical editing information but different sequences were present. The
      alignments of the predicted gRNAs with the edited mRNA sequences varied from a
      perfect alignment without gaps to alignments with multiple mismatches. Multiple
      gRNAs overlapped with upstream gRNAs, but in no case was a complete set of
      overlapping gRNAs covering an entire editing domain obtained. We estimate that a
      minimum set of approximately 65 additional gRNAs would be required for complete
      overlapping sets. This analysis should provide a basis for detailed studies of
      the evolution and role in RNA editing of kDNA minicircles in this species.

PMID- 13677454
TI  - Monopylocystis visvesvarai n. gen., n. sp. and Sawyeria marylandensis n. gen., n.
      sp.: two new amitochondrial heterolobosean amoebae from anoxic environments.
AB  - Two new species of heterolobosean amoebae from anoxic environments,
      Monopylocystis visvesvarai and Sawyeria marylandensis, are described on the basis
      of light microscopy, electron microscopy, and their phylogenetic affiliation
      based on analyses of nuclear small-subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences. Both
      species lack mitochondria but have organelles provisionally interpreted as
      hydrogenosomes, and neither can tolerate aerobic conditions. As their conditions
      of culture do not exclude all oxygen, they may be microaerophiles rather than
      strict anaerobes. Both species have unusual nucleolar morphologies.
      Monopylocystis visvesvarai, from a marine sediment, has nucleolar material
      distributed around the nuclear periphery. It is the first non-aerobic
      heterolobosean protist for which a cyst is known; the cyst is unmineralized and
      unornamented except for a single, raised, plugged pore. Sawyeria marylandensis,
      from an iron-rich freshwater stream, has nucleolar material distributed in one or
      two parietal masses, which persist during mitosis. In phylogenetic analyses of
      small-subunit rRNA gene sequences, Monopylocystis visvesvarai, Sawyeria
      marylandensis and Psalteriomonas lanterna converge to form a single clade of non
      aerobic (anaerobic/microaerophilic) heteroloboseans.

PMID- 13677455
TI  - Advanced practice psychiatric nurses as a treatment resource: survey and
      analysis.
AB  - Access to behavioral health services, particularly pharmacotherapy, continues to
      be a significant problem. This is particularly the case for public sector
      beneficiaries and managed care members. The greater use of advanced practice
      psychiatric nurses (APPNs) with prescribing privileges could help. To better
      understand the availability and competence of APPNs to prescribe, the authors
      conducted 1) a national survey of APPNs' availability and prescribing practices,
      2) a comparative analysis of pharmacy claims data generated by APPNs and
      psychiatrists, and 3) a comprehensive clinical record review comparing APPNs to
      psychiatrists. About 25% of the sample of APPNs reported having prescription
      authority and a private practice. The analysis of prescribing practices between
      APPNs and psychiatrists showed that with a few exceptions, there were no
      differences between the groups, as did a retrospective clinical record review.
      These results lead the authors to recommend greater efforts to increase the
      supply of APPNs.

PMID- 13677456
TI  - Addressing the needs of youth in transition to adulthood.
AB  - The appalling young-adult outcomes of youth with serious emotional disturbance
      who are served in public systems demonstrate a failure of standard services to
      address the unique needs of these youths during their transition from adolescence
      to adulthood. This article discusses the needs of this population and the current
      ability of mental health and other relevant agencies to meet those needs. The
      contrast between needs and system status is presented through a framework of
      contrasting developmental and institutional transitions. This article reviews the
      barriers to effective system reform, and the recommendations for changes made by
      national panels focused on transition and applied research.

PMID- 13677457
TI  - Depression and satisfaction with health coverage and medical care in the 1998 NRC
      Healthcare Market Guide survey.
AB  - The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationships among ratings
      for depression and health-plan and medical-care satisfaction using data from the
      1998 National Research Corporation Healthcare Market Guide (HCMG) survey
      (N=120,855). Respondents in families in which one or more members had depression
      (self-report) gave lower satisfaction ratings than those in families in which no
      member had depression on four global and four composite satisfaction measures.
      Although satisfaction ratings, generally, were high and depression effects were
      small, the authors nevertheless recommend efforts to improve access and quality
      of mental health care.

PMID- 13677458
TI  - Utilization of public mental health services by children with serious emotional
      disturbances.
AB  - The Integrated Database (IDB) was created to provide a broad picture of the use
      of state-funded mental health (MH) and substance abuse (SA) services. Assembled
      separately for three states (Delaware, Oklahoma, and Washington), the IDB links
      client-level and service-level data maintained by the state MH, SA, and Medicaid
      agencies. This study used the IDB to examine public MH services for children with
      serious emotional disturbances (SED) in 1996. Children with SED represented 9% to
      22% of all children with MH service use. Between one half and two thirds of
      children with SED received psychotropic medication; 20% to 40% had a MH inpatient
      or residential stay. Medicaid was the primary funder of MH services for children
      with SED; only 2% to 12% of children with SED received services solely through
      the state MH agency.

PMID- 13677459
TI  - An analysis of the anti-psychiatric halfway house movement in Hong Kong.

PMID- 13677460
TI  - From soup to nuts: fables for mental health administrators.

PMID- 13677461
TI  - Characterization of UDP-glucose:protein transglucosylase genes from potato.
AB  - Many plant autocatalytic glycosyltransferases are implicated in plant
      polysaccharide biosynthesis. Cloning of cDNAs encoding potato (Solanum tuberosum
      L.) UDP-Glc:protein transglucosylase (UPTG, EC 2.4.1.112) and expression of the
      cDNA clone E11 in Escherichia coli have been previously reported. Here, we
      studied the functional expression of a second cDNA of the enzyme (E2 clone).
      Northern blots analysis, with specific cDNA probes for the two UPTG isoforms,
      showed a differential expression pattern of mRNA levels in different potato
      tissues. Moreover, both UPTG recombinant enzymes showed different kinetic
      parameters. The recombinant protein encoded by E2 clone has an apparent Imax for
      UDP-Xyl and UDP-Gal, significantly higher than for UDP-Glc. The Km values for UDP
      Glc were 0.45-0.71 microM and the values for UDP-Xyl and UDP-Gal were slightly
      higher than that of the UDP-Glc (1.2-2.71 microM) for both UPTG recombinant
      enzymes. The present study revealed further evidence for the proposed role of
      UPTG in the synthesis of cell wall polysaccharide. It was found a correlation
      between UPTG transcript levels and the growing state of the tissues in which
      there was an active synthesis of cell wall components. Southern blot analysis
      indicates that at least three genes encoding UPTG are present in potato genome.
      Phylogenetic analysis of both UPTG recombinant proteins showed that they are
      members of the RGP subfamilies from dicots.

PMID- 13677462
TI  - The Arabidopsis SKP1-like genes present a spectrum of expression profiles.
AB  - The yeast Skp1 protein is a component of the SCF complex, an E3 enzyme involved
      in the specific protein degradation pathway via ubiquitination. Skp1 binds to F
      box proteins to trigger specific recognition of proteins targeted for
      degradation. SKP1-like genes have been found in a variety of eukaryotes including
      yeast, man, Caenorhabditis elegans and Arabidopsis thaliana. The Arabidopsis
      genome contains 20 SKP1-like genes called ASK (for Arabidopsis SKP1-like), among
      which only ASK1 has been characterized in detail. The analysis of the expression
      pattern of the ASK genes in Arabidopsis should provide key information for the
      understanding of the biological role of this family in protein degradation and in
      different cellular mechanisms. In this paper, we describe the expression profiles
      of 19 ASK promoter-GUS fusions in stable transformants of Arabidopsis, with a
      special emphasis on floral organ development. Four ASK promoters did not show any
      detectable expression in either inflorescences or seedlings. Our results on the
      ASK1 expression profile are consistent with previous reports. Several ASK
      promoters show clear tissue-specific expression (for instance in the connective
      of anthers or in the embryo). We also found that almost half (9/19) of ASK
      promoters direct a post-meiotic expression in the male gametophyte. Tight
      regulation of the expression of this gene family indicates a crucial role of the
      ubiquitin degradation pathway during development, particularly during male
      gametophyte development.

PMID- 13677463
TI  - Proteases associated with programmed cell death of megagametophyte cells after
      germination of white spruce (Picea glauca) seeds.
AB  - During post-germinative seedling growth, the major storage organ of the white
      spruce (Picea glauca) seed, the megagametophyte, undergoes programmed cell death
      (PCD). Protease activities in megagametophyte cells that arise post-germinatively
      were investigated. The accumulation of protease activities can be divided into
      two phases: the first phase correlated with degradation of storage proteins while
      the second phase was temporally associated with cell death, although some of the
      early proteases were also active during the later phase. Proteases induced during
      PCD were mainly serine and cysteine proteases. One of the PCD-associated cysteine
      proteases had homology to Cys-EP, a PCD-related cysteine protease of the castor
      bean endosperm. Transcripts encoding a Cys-EP-related protein were not present in
      megagametophytes when seeds were imbibed, nor were they present during
      germination and early post-germinative growth (radicle length ca. 2-5 mm). At a
      later post-germinative stage (i.e when the seed's radicle was ca. 15 mm), the Cys
      EP-related transcripts (ca. 1.3 kb) became abundant and, at this time, the 48 kDa
      proform of the enzyme first appeared. The mature form of the Cys-EP (ca. 38 kDa)
      was predominant at a very late stage of post-germinative growth.
      Immunocytochemistry showed that the Cys-EP-related protein was localized to
      spherical organelles (ca. 2 microm) that may be equivalent to the 'ricinosomes'
      of castor bean endosperm cells. Caspase-like protease (CLP) activities were first
      detected 3 days after germination with the caspase-specific substrate Ac-DEVD
      AMC; maximum activities occurred when the seed's radicle was ca. 20-25 mm. When
      germinated seeds were treated with a caspase-3 inhibitor, both the peak of CLP
      activities and the death of megagametophyte cells were delayed. We propose that
      the Cys-EP-related protein and CLP activity are involved in PCD of white spruce
      megagametophyte cells.

PMID- 13677464
TI  - Fungus- and wound-induced accumulation of mRNA containing a class II chitinase of
      the pathogenesis-related protein 4 (PR-4) family of maize.
AB  - Pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins are plant proteins that are induced in
      response to pathogen attack. PR proteins are grouped into independent families
      based on their sequences and properties. The PR-4 family comprises class I and
      class II chitinases. We have isolated a full-length cDNA encoding a chitinase
      from maize which shares a high degree of nucleotide and amino acid sequence
      homology with the class II chitinases of the PR-4 family of PR proteins. Our
      results indicate that fungal infection, and treatment either with fungal
      elicitors or with moniliformin, a mycotoxin produced by the fungus Fusarium
      moniliforme, increase the level of ZmPR4 mRNA. In situ mRNA hybridization
      analysis in sections obtained from fungus-infected germinating embryos revealed
      that ZmPR4 mRNA accumulation occurs in those cell types that first establish
      contact with the pathogen. ZmPR4 mRNA accumulation is also stimulated by
      treatment with silver nitrate whereas the application of the hormones gibberellic
      acid or acetylsalicylic acid has no effect. Wounding, or treatment with abscisic
      acid or methyl jasmonate, results in accumulation of ZmPR4 mRNA in maize leaves.
      Furthermore, the ZmPR4 protein was expressed in Escherichia coli, purified and
      used to obtain polyclonal antibodies that specifically recognized ZmPR4 in
      protein extracts from fungus-infected embryos. Accumulation of ZmPR4 mRNA in
      fungus-infected maize tissues was accompanied by a significant accumulation of
      the corresponding protein. The possible implications of these findings as part of
      the general defence response of maize plants against pathogens are discussed.

PMID- 13677465
TI  - Transgene structures in T-DNA-inserted rice plants.
AB  - T-DNA is commonly used for delivery of foreign genes and as an insertional
      mutagen. Although ample information exists regarding T-DNA organization in
      dicotyledonous plants, little is known about the monocot rice. Here, we
      investigated the structure of T-DNA in a large number of transgenic rice plants.
      Analysis of the T-DNA borders revealed that more than half of the right ends were
      at the cleavage site, whereas the left ends were not conserved and were deleted
      up to 180 bp from the left border (LB) cleavage site. Three types of junctions
      were found between T-DNA and genomic DNA. In the first, up to seven nucleotide
      overlaps were present. The frequency of this type was much higher in the LB
      region than at the right border (RB). In the second type, which was more frequent
      in RB, the link was direct, without any overlaps or filler DNA. Finally, the
      third type showed filler DNA between T-DNA and the plant sequences. Out of 171
      samples examined, 77 carried the vector backbone sequence, with the majority
      caused by the failure of T-strand termination at LB. However, a significant
      portion also resulted from co-integration of T-DNA and the vector backbone to a
      single locus. Most linkages between T-DNA and the vector backbone were formed
      between two 3' ends or two 5' ends of the transferred DNAs. The 3' ends were
      mostly linked through 3-6 bp of the complementing sequence, whereas the 5' ends
      were linked through either precise junctions or imprecise junctions with filler
      DNA.

PMID- 13677466
TI  - Microarray and differential display identify genes involved in jasmonate
      dependent anther development.
AB  - Jasmonate (JA) is a signaling compound essential for anther development and
      pollen fertility in Arabidopsis. Mutations that block the pathway of JA synthesis
      result into male sterility. To understand the processes of anther and pollen
      maturation, we used microarray and differential display approaches to compare
      gene expression pattern in anthers of wild-type Arabidopsis and the male-sterile
      mutant, opr3. Microarray experiment revealed 25 genes that were up-regulated more
      than 1.8-fold in wild-type anthers as compared to mutant anthers. Experiments
      based on differential display identified 13 additional genes up-regulated in wild
      type anthers compared to opr3 for a total of 38 differentially expressed genes.
      Searches of the Arabidopsis and non-redundant databases disclosed known or likely
      functions for 28 of the 38 genes identified, while 10 genes encode proteins of
      unknown function. Northern blot analysis of eight representative clones as probes
      confirmed low expression in opr3 anthers compared with wild-type anthers. JA
      responsiveness of these same genes was also investigated by northern blot
      analysis of anther RNA isolated from wild-type and opr3 plants, In these
      experiments, four genes were induced in opr3 anthers within 0.5-1 h of JA
      treatment while the remaining genes were up-regulated only 1-8 h after JA
      application. None of these genes was induced by JA in anthers of the coil mutant
      that is deficient in JA responsiveness. The four early-induced genes in opr3
      encode lipoxygenase, a putative bHLH transcription factor, epithiospecifier
      protein and an unknown protein. We propose that these and other early components
      may be involved in JA signaling and in the initiation of developmental processes.
      The four late genes encode an extensin-like protein, a peptide transporter and
      two unknown proteins, which may represent components required later in anther and
      pollen maturation. Transcript profiling has provided a successful approach to
      identify genes involved in anther and pollen maturation in Arabidopsis.

PMID- 13677467
TI  - The promoter of the asi gene directs expression in the maternal tissues of the
      seed in transgenic barley.
AB  - The bifunctional alpha-amylase/subtilisin inhibitor (BASI) is an abundant protein
      in barley seeds, proposed to play multiple and apparently diverse roles in
      regulation of starch hydrolysis and in seed defence against pathogens. In the
      Triticeae, the protein has evolved the ability to specifically inhibit the main
      group of alpha-amylases expressed during germination of barley and encoded by the
      amyl gene family found only in the Triticeae. The expression of the asi gene that
      encodes BASI has been reported to be controlled by the hormones abscisic acid
      (ABA) and gibberellic acid (GA). Despite many studies at the gene and protein
      level, the function of this gene in the plant remains unclear. In this study, the
      5'-flanking region (1033 bp, 1033-asi promoter) and the 3'-flanking region (655
      bp) of the asi gene were isolated and characterised. The 1033-asi promoter
      sequence showed homology to a number of ciselements that play a role in ABA and
      GA regulated expression of other genes. With a green fluorescent protein gene
      (gfp) as reporter, the 1033-asi promoter was studied for spatial, temporal and
      hormonal control of gene expression. The 1033-asi promoter and its deletions
      direct transient gfp expression in the pericarp and at low levels in mature
      aleurone cells, and this expression is not regulated by ABA or GA. In transgenic
      barley plants, the 1033-asi promoter directed tissue-specific expression of the
      gfp gene in developing grain and germinating grain but not in roots or leaves. In
      developing grain, expression of gfp was observed specifically in the pericarp,
      the vascular tissue, the nucellar projection cells and the endosperm transfer
      cells and the hormones ABA or GA did not regulate this expression. In mature
      germinating grain gfp expression was observed in the embryo but not in aleurone
      or starchy endosperm. However, GA induced gfp expression in the aleurone of
      mature imbibed seeds from which the embryo had been removed. Expression in
      maternal rather than endosperm tissues of the grain suggests that earlier
      widespread assumptions that the protein is expressed largely in the endosperm may
      have been largely based on analysis of mixed grain tissues. This novel pattern of
      expression suggests that both activities of the protein may be primarily involved
      in seed defence in the peripheral tissues of the seed.

PMID- 13677468
TI  - MADS-box genes expressed during tomato seed and fruit development.
AB  - MADS-box genes in plants are putative transcription factors involved in
      regulating numerous developmental processes, such as meristem and organ identity
      in inflorescences and in flowers. Recent reports indicate that they are involved
      in other processes than flower development such as the establishment of
      developing embryos, seed coat and ultimately in root and fruit development. We
      have identified seven tomato MADS-box genes that are highly expressed during the
      first steps of tomato fruit development. According to comparisons of their
      deduced amino acid sequences, they were classified into two groups: (1) already
      identified tomato MADS-box genes previously defined as flower identity genes
      (TAG1, TDR4 and TDR6) and (2) new tomato MADS-box genes (TAGL1, TAGL2, TAGL11 and
      TAGL12). With the exception of TAGL12, which is expressed near uniformly in every
      tissue, the other genes show an induction during the tomato fruit development
      phase I (anthesis) and phase II, when active cell division occurs. In situ
      hybridization analyses show a specific expression pattern for each gene within
      the fruit and embryo sac tissues suggesting an important role in the
      establishment of tissue identity. Yeast two-hybrid analyses indicate that some of
      these proteins could potentially form dimers suggesting they could act together
      to accomplish their proposed role.

PMID- 13677469
TI  - Identification and molecular characterization of mitochondrial ferredoxins and
      ferredoxin reductase from Arabidopsis.
AB  - We have identified and characterized novel types of ferredoxin and ferredoxin
      reductase from Arabidopsis. Among a number of potential ferredoxin reductase
      genes in the Arabidopsis genome, AtMFDR was identified to encode a homologue of
      mitochondrial ferredoxin reductase, and AtMFDX1 and AtMFDX2 were predicted to
      code for proteins similar to mitochondrial ferredoxin. First, we isolated cDNAs
      for these proteins and expressed them in heterologous systems of insect cells and
      Escherichia coli, respectively. The recombinant AtMFDX1 and AtMFDR proteins
      exhibited spectral properties characteristic of ferredoxin and ferredoxin
      reductase, respectively, and a pair of recombinant AtMFDX1 and AtMFDR proteins
      was sufficient to transfer electrons from NAD(P)H to cytochrome c in vitro.
      Subcellular fractionation analyses suggested membrane association of AtMFDR
      protein, and protein-gel blot analyses and transient expression studies of green
      fluorescence protein fusions indicated mitochondrial localization of AtMFDX1 and
      AtMFDR. RNA-gel blot analyses revealed that the accumulation levels of AtMFDXs
      and AtMFDR gene transcripts were specifically high in flowers, while protein-gel
      blot analysis demonstrated substantial accumulation of AtMFDR protein in leaf,
      stem, and flower. Possible physiological roles of these mitochondrial electron
      transfer components are discussed in relation to redox dependent metabolic
      pathways in plants.

PMID- 13677470
TI  - Heterotopic expression of class B floral homeotic genes supports a modified ABC
      model for tulip (Tulipa gesneriana).
AB  - In higher eudicotyledonous angiosperms the floral organs are typically arranged
      in four different whorls, containing sepals, petals, stamens and carpels.
      According to the ABC model, the identity of these organs is specified by floral
      homeotic genes of class A, A+B, B+C and C, respectively. In contrast to the sepal
      and petal whorls of eudicots, the perianths of many plants from the Liliaceae
      family have two outer whorls of almost identical petaloid organs, called tepals.
      To explain the Liliaceae flower morphology, van Tunen et al. (1993) proposed a
      modified ABC model, exemplified with tulip. According to this model, class B
      genes are not only expressed in whorls 2 and 3, but also in whorl 1. Thus the
      organs of both whorls 1 and 2 express class A plus class B genes and, therefore,
      get the same petaloid identity. To test this modified ABC model we have cloned
      and characterized putative class B genes from tulip. Two DEF- and one GLO-like
      gene were identified, named TGDEFA, TGDEFB and TGGLO. Northern hybridization
      analysis showed that all of these genes are expressed in whorls 1, 2 and 3 (outer
      and inner tepals and stamens), thus corroborating the modified ABC model. In
      addition, these experiments demonstrated that TGGLO is also weakly expressed in
      carpels, leaves, stems and bracts. Gel retardation assays revealed that TGGLO
      alone binds to DNA as a homodimer. In contrast, TGDEFA and TGDEFB cannot
      homodimerize, but make heterodimers with PI. Homodimerization of GLO-like protein
      has also been reported for lily, suggesting that this phenomenon is conserved
      within Liliaceae plants or even monocot species.

PMID- 13677471
TI  - A novel brassinolide-enhanced gene identified by cDNA microarray is involved in
      the growth of rice.
AB  - Brassinosteroids (BRs) are growth-promoting natural substances required for
      normal plant growth and development. To understand the molecular mechanism of BR
      action, a cDNA microarray containing 1265 rice genes was analyzed for expression
      differences in rice lamina joint treated with brassinolide (BL). A novel BL
      enhanced gene, designated OsBLE2, was identified and cloned. The full-length cDNA
      is 3243 bp long, encoding a predicted polypeptide of 761 amino acid residues and
      nine possible transmembrane regions. OsBLE2 expression was most responsive to BL
      in the lamina joint and leaf sheath in rice seedlings. Besides, auxin and
      gibberellins also increased its expression. OsBLE2 expressed more, as revealed by
      in situ hybridization, in vascular bundles and root primordia, where the cells
      are actively undergoing division, elongation, and differentiation. Transgenic
      rice expressing antisense OsBLE2 exhibits various degrees of repressed growth. BL
      could not enhance its expression in transgenic rice expressing antisense BRI1, a
      BR receptor, indicating that BR signaling to the enhanced expression of OsBLE2 is
      through BRI1 . BL effect in the d1 mutant rice was much weaker than that in its
      wild-type control, indicating that heterotrimeric G protein may be a component of
      BRs signaling. These results suggest that OsBLE2 is involved in BL-regulated
      growth and development processes in rice.

PMID- 13677472
TI  - Cloning, functional expression and expression studies of the nitrate transporter
      gene from Chlorella sorokiniana (strain 211-8k).
AB  - The nitrate transporter from Chlorella sorokiniana (accession number AY026523)
      has been cloned by screening a cDNA library based on mRNA isolated after 30 min
      treatment of Chlorella with 5 mM nitrate and with a RT-PCR product (730 bp) as a
      probe. The Chlorella sequence has similarity to known nitrate transporters of the
      NRT2 family (high-affinity nitrate transporters). The cDNA clone was used for
      functional expression in Xenopus oocytes and a nitrate-dependent current was
      measured at pH 5.5 but not at pH 7.4. A second algal gene or a second gene
      product was not needed for functional expression in Xenopus. Inhibitor studies in
      Chlorella indicated that protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation is involved in
      nitrate induction of ChNRT2.1. In addition to nitrate, ChNRT2.1 expression is
      induced by nitroprusside, a NO donor, and is affected by glucose.

PMID- 13677473
TI  - Disruption of plE2, the gene for the E2 subunit of the plastid pyruvate
      dehydrogenase complex, in Arabidopsis causes an early embryo lethal phenotype.
AB  - The pyruvate dehydrogenase multi-enzyme complex is the main source of acetyl-CoA
      formation in the plastids of plants and is composed of multiple copies of four
      different subunits, E1alpha, E1beta, E2, and E3. A T-DNA insertion into the gene
      for the plastidic E2 (dihydrolipoyl acetyltransferase) subunit, plE2, of the
      complex in Arabidopsis destroys the expression of that gene. The resulting
      mutation has no apparent phenotype in the heterozygous state, but the homozygous
      mutation is lethal. Haploid sperm and eggs that contain only the disrupted plE2
      gene function normally resulting in the formation of an embryo that is homozygous
      for the mutation. This embryo only develops to an early stage before the
      development arrests resulting in an early embryo-lethal phenotype. While the
      mutation could not be complemented with the cDNA for the plE2 gene under control
      of the 35S, the AtSERK1, or the napin promoter, it could be complemented using
      the endogenous plE2 promoter to drive expression of the plE2 cDNA. This verifies
      the essential nature of the plastidic pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and its role
      in embryo formation.

PMID- 13677475
TI  - Changes in gene expression in the wood-forming tissue of transgenic hybrid aspen
      with increased secondary growth.
AB  - Transgenic lines of hybrid aspen with elevated levels of gibberellin (GA) show
      greatly increased numbers of xylem fibres and increases in xylem fibre length.
      These plants therefore provide excellent models for studying secondary growth. We
      have used cDNA microarry analysis to investigate how gene transcription in the
      developing xylem is affected by GA-induced growth. A recent investigation has
      shown that genes encoding lignin and cellulose biosynthetic enzymes, as well as a
      number of transcription factors and other potential regulators of xylogenesis,
      are under developmental-stage-specific transcriptional control. The present study
      shows that the highest transcript changes in our transgenic trees occurs in genes
      generally restricted to the early stages of xylogenesis, including cell division,
      early expansion and late expansion. The results reveal genes among those arrayed
      that are up-regulated with an increased xylem production, thus indicating key
      components in the production of wood.

PMID- 13677474
TI  - Temporal progression of gene expression responses to salt shock in maize roots.
AB  - Using a cDNA microarray containing 7943 ESTs, the behavior of the maize root
      transcriptome has been monitored in a time course for 72 h after imposition of
      salinity stress (150 mM NaCI). Under these conditions, root sodium amounts
      increased faster than in leaves, and root potassium decreased significantly.
      Although the overall free amino acid concentration was not affected, amino acid
      composition was changed with proline and asparagine increasing. Microarray
      analysis identified 916 ESTs representing genes whose steady-state RNA levels
      were significantly altered at various time points, corresponding to 11% of the
      ESTs printed. The response of the transcriptome to sub-lethal salt stress was
      rapid and transient, leading to a burst of changes at the three-hour time point.
      The salt-regulated ESTs represented 472 tentatively unique genes (TUGs), which,
      based on functional category analysis, are involved in a broad range of cellular
      and biochemical activities, prominent amongst which were transport and signal
      transduction pathways. Clustering of regulated transcripts based on the timing
      and duration of changes suggests a structured succession of induction and
      repression for salt responsive genes in multiple signal and response cascades.
      Within this framework, 16 signaling molecules, including six protein kinases, two
      protein phosphatases and eight transcription factors, were regulated with
      distinct expression patterns by high salinity.

PMID- 13677476
TI  - Comparison of plastid DNA replication in different cells and tissues of the rice
      plant.
AB  - In a previous study, we mapped replication origin regions of the plastid DNA
      around the 3' end of the 23S rRNA gene in rice suspension-cultured cells. Here,
      we examined initiation of the plastid DNA replication in different rice cells by
      two-dimensional agarose gel electrophoresis. We show for the first time, to our
      knowledge, that the replication origin region of the plastid DNA differs among
      cultured cells, coleoptiles and mature leaves. In addition, digestion of the
      replication intermediates from the rice cultured cells with mung bean nuclease, a
      single-strand-specific nuclease, revealed that both two single strands of the
      double-stranded parental DNA were simultaneously replicated in the origin region.
      This was further confirmed by two-dimensional agarose gel analysis with single
      stranded RNA probes. Thus, the mode of plastid DNA replication presented here
      differs from the unidirectional replication started by forming displacement loops
      (D-loops), in which the two D-loops on the opposite strands expand toward each
      other and only one parental strand serves as a template.

PMID- 13677477
TI  - In silico ADME/Tox: why models fail.
AB  - By way of example, we discuss the apparent 'failure' of in silico ADME/Tox models
      and attempt to understand the causes. Often, the interpretation of the success of
      models lies in their use and the expectations of the user. Other times, models
      are, in fact, of little value. Disappointing results can be linked to the key
      aspects of the model and modeling procedure, many of these related to the
      original data and its interpretation. We make recommendations to providers of
      models regarding the development, description, and use of models as well as the
      data and information that are important to understanding a model's quality and
      scope of use.

PMID- 13677478
TI  - Ligand binding to domain-3 of human serum albumin: a chemometric analysis.
AB  - A detailed chemometric analysis of ligand binding to domain-3A of human serum
      albumin is described. NMR and fluorescence data on a set of 889 chemically
      diverse compounds were used to develop a group contribution model based on 74
      chemical fragments that is in good agreement with the experimental data (R2 =
      0.94, Q2 = 0.90). The structural descriptors used in this analysis comprise a
      convenient look-up table for quantitatively estimating the effect that a
      particular group will have on albumin binding. This information can be valuable
      for optimizing a particular series of compounds for drug development.

PMID- 13677479
TI  - QSAR modeling of beta-lactam binding to human serum proteins.
AB  - The binding of beta-lactams to human serum proteins was modeled with topological
      descriptors of molecular structure. Experimental data was the concentration of
      protein-bound drug expressed as a percent of the total plasma concentration
      (percent fraction bound, PFB) for 87 penicillins and for 115 beta-lactams. The
      electrotopological state indices (E-State) and the molecular connectivity chi
      indices were found to be the basis of two satisfactory models. A data set of 74
      penicillins from a drug design series was successfully modeled with statistics:
      r2 = 0.80, s = 12.1, q2 = 0.76, spress = 13.4. This model was then used to
      predict protein binding (PFB) for 13 commercial penicillins, resulting in a very
      good mean absolute error, MAE = 12.7 and correlation coefficient, q2 = 0.84. A
      group of 28 cephalosporins were combined with the penicillin data to create a
      dataset of 115 beta-lactams that was successfully modeled: r2 = 0.82, s = 12.7,
      q2 = 0.78, spress = 13.7. A ten-fold 10% leave-group-out (LGO) cross-validation
      procedure was implemented, leading to very good statistics: MAE = 10.9, spress =
      14.0, q2 (or r2press) = 0.78. The models indicate a combination of general and
      specific structure features that are important for estimating protein binding in
      this class of antibiotics. For the beta-lactams, significant factors that
      increase binding are presence and electron accessibility of aromatic rings,
      halogens, methylene groups, and =N- atoms. Significant negative influence on
      binding comes from amine groups and carbonyl oxygen atoms.

PMID- 13677480
TI  - In silico prediction of drug toxicity.
AB  - It is essential, in order to minimise expensive drug failures due to toxicity
      being found in late development or even in clinical trials, to determine
      potential toxicity problems as early as possible. In view of the large libraries
      of compounds now being handled by combinatorial chemistry and high-throughput
      screening, identification of putative toxicity is advisable even before
      synthesis. Thus the use of predictive toxicology is called for. A number of in
      silico approaches to toxicity prediction are discussed. Quantitative structure
      activity relationships (QSARs), relating mostly to specific chemical classes,
      have long been used for this purpose, and exist for a wide range of toxicity
      endpoints. However, QSARs also exist for the prediction of toxicity of very
      diverse libraries, although often such QSARs are of the classification type; that
      is, they predict simply whether or not a compound is toxic, and do not give an
      indication of the level of toxicity. Examples are given of all of these. A number
      of expert systems are available for toxicity prediction, most of them covering a
      range of toxicity endpoints. Those discussed include TOPKAT, CASE, DEREK,
      HazardExpert, OncoLogic and COMPACT. Comparative tests of the ability of these
      systems to predict carcinogenicity show that improvement is still needed. The
      consensus approach is recommended, whereby the results from several prediction
      systems are pooled.

PMID- 13677481
TI  - On the detection of multiple-binding modes of ligands to proteins, from
      biological, structural, and modeling data.
AB  - There are several indications that a given compound or a set of related compounds
      can bind in different modes to a specific binding site of a protein. This is
      especially evident from X-ray crystallographic structures of ligand-protein
      complexes. The availability of multiple binding modes of a ligand in a binding
      site may present an advantage in drug design when simultaneously optimizing
      several criteria. In the case of the design of anti-HIV compounds we observed
      that the more active compounds that are also resilient against mutation of the
      non-nucleoside binding site of HIV1-reverse transcriptase make use of more
      binding modes than the less active and resilient compounds.

PMID- 13677482
TI  - Superimposition evaluation of ecdysteroid agonist chemotypes through
      multidimensional QSAR.
AB  - The EC50 values for a training set of 66 ecdysteroids and 97 diacylhydrazines
      were measured in the ecdysteroid-responsive Drosophila melanogaster BII cell
      line, a prototypical homologous inducible gene expression system. Each of eight
      superimposition hypotheses for the folded diacylhydrazine conformation was
      evaluated and ranked on the basis of CoMFA and 4D-QSAR Q2 values for the training
      set and R2 values for a 52-member test set comprising randomly-chosen
      diacylhydrazines and chronologically-chosen ecdysteroids for which data became
      available after model construction. Both 4D-QSAR and CoMFA rate a common
      superimposition as the preferred one. Two additional superimpositions, with
      somewhat weaker 4D-QSAR and CoMFA consensus, nonetheless share several important
      topological features. The resultant QSAR models address the question of relative
      binding orientation of the two ligand families and can be useful as a virtual
      screen for new chemotypes.

PMID- 13677483
TI  - Classification of HIV protease inhibitors on the basis of their antiviral potency
      using radial basis function neural networks.
AB  - HIV protease inhibitors are being used as frontline therapy in the treatment of
      HIV patients. Multi-drug-resistant HIV mutant strains are emerging with the
      initial aggressive multi-drug treatment of HIV patients. This necessitates
      continued search for novel inhibitors of viral replication. These protease
      inhibitors may further be useful as pharmacological agents for inhibition of
      other viral replication. Classification models of HIV Protease inhibitors are
      developed using a data set of 123 compounds containing several heterocycles.
      Their inhibitory concentrations expressed as log (IC50) ranged from -1.52 to 2.12
      log units. The dataset was divided into active and inactive classes on the basis
      of their antiviral potency. Initially a two-class problem (active, inactive) is
      explored using k-nearest neighbor approach. In order to introduce non-linearity
      in the classifier different approaches were investigated. This led to the goal of
      a fast, simple, minimum user input, radial basis function neural network (RBFNN)
      classifier development. Then the same two-class problem was resolved using the
      (RBFNN) classifier. A genetic algorithm with RBFNN fitness evaluator was used to
      search for the optimum descriptor subsets. The application of majority rules was
      also tested for the RBFNN classification. The best six descriptor model found by
      the new cost function showed predictive ability in the high 80% range for an
      external prediction set.

PMID- 13677485
TI  - C-QSAR: a database of 18,000 QSARs and associated biological and physical data.
AB  - The C-QSAR program is used to develop and search a database of over 18,000
      equations that relate biological or physico-chemical properties of molecules to
      various molecular descriptors. The data used to derive the quantitative structure
      activity relationships (QSAR) are taken from various high quality journals. C
      QSAR comprises two databases, one for structure-activity information biological
      systems (n = 9200) and the other for physical organic systems. Users can search
      the data in 20 different fields; for example by structure or substructure of the
      compounds involved, by the type of property correlated, by molecular properties,
      or by properties of the QSAR equation. Various ways in which information can be
      obtained is briefly discussed. Initially the database is often used for data
      mining, to search lead molecules, for substituent selection and "model mining"
      for lateral validation. The regression analysis is useful when the user wants to
      derive a new QSAR using his structures and activity data.

PMID- 13677484
TI  - Improved mapping of protein binding sites.
AB  - Computational mapping methods place molecular probes--small molecules or
      functional groups--on a protein surface in order to identify the most favorable
      binding positions by calculating an interaction potential. Mapping is an
      important step in a number of flexible docking and drug design algorithms. We
      have developed improved algorithms for mapping protein surfaces using small
      organic molecules as molecular probes. The calculations reproduce the binding of
      eight organic solvents to lysozyme as observed by NMR, as well as the binding of
      four solvents to thermolysin, in good agreement with x-ray data. Application to
      protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B shows that the information provided by the
      mapping can be very useful for drug design. We also studied why the organic
      solvents bind in the active site of proteins, in spite of the availability of
      alternative pockets that can very tightly accommodate some of the probes. A
      possible explanation is that the binding in the relatively large active site
      retains a number of rotational states, and hence leads to smaller entropy loss
      than the binding elsewhere else. Indeed, the mapping reveals that the clusters of
      the ligand molecules in the protein's active site contain different rotational
      translational conformers, which represent different local minima of the free
      energy surface. In order to study the transitions between different conformers,
      reaction path and molecular dynamics calculations were performed. Results show
      that most of the rotational states are separated by low free energy barriers at
      the experimental temperature, and hence the entropy of binding in the active site
      is expected to be high.

PMID- 13677486
TI  - The nature of topological parameters. I. Are topological parameters 'fundamental
      properties'?
AB  - Topological parameters are often used descriptors in QSAR and QSPR studies.
      Though easily generated from an appropriate algorithm useful in developing
      predictive models they are not readily interpretable. Though every molecule has
      an intrinsic topology it is not clear whether topological parameters are
      'fundamental' properties or not. The results of correlations of various
      properties of sets of molecules with constant topology shows that are a function
      of the polarizability a alone in the case of nonpolar molecules and of both
      dipole moment mu and polarizability alpha in the case of polar molecules.
      Properties studied include melting point, boiling point, critical temperature,
      heat of melting, heat of vaporization, solubilties of gases in various solvents,
      and the ratio of the Van der Waals constants (a/b). Types of molecules studied
      include monatomic (rare gases), diatomic, trigonal pyramidal, and tetrahedral.
      Our results show that these properties are successfully modeled by alpha and mu.
      As they are isotopological in each data set they cannot be modeled by topological
      parameters. It follows then that topological parameters do not have a direct
      cause and effect relationship with these properties and therefore are not
      fundamental parameters. The conclusion of Kier and Hall that they represent
      electron accessibility is incorrect. Topological parameters are composite
      parameters representing counts of the numbers of atoms, bonds, electrons, and
      branching.

PMID- 13677487
TI  - The nature of topological parameters. II. The composition of topological
      parameters.
AB  - The composition of thirty topological parameters of various types including the
      chi, kappa and tau parameters and the Wiener indices was determined. Those
      derived from alkyl and substituted alkyl groups are a function of branching and
      steric effects; those derived from haloalkanes and haloalkenes are a function of
      some combination of polarizability, dipole moment, the number of halogen atoms of
      each type, and the ration of the number of branches to the number of atoms in the
      longest chain. It follows that topological parameters are actually counts of the
      number of atoms of each type, bonds of each type, valence, nonbonding and core
      electrons, branches at each position, OH and NH bonds, and nonbonding electron
      pairs on O and/or N atoms. These counts can be related to polarizability, dipole
      moment, hydrogen bonding, and steric effects, which are the true determinants of
      properties and biological activities. Topological parameters themselves do not
      have a cause and effect relationship with the quantities they are used to model.
      They function because: 1. They are counts of quantities that are related to the
      fundamental quantities that determine properties. 2. They are composite
      parameters which for the purpose of obtaining a predictive empirical relationship
      are able to represent a data set as well as pure parameters.

PMID- 13677488
TI  - Chain melting temperature estimation for phosphatidyl cholines by quantum
      mechanically derived quantitative structure property relationships.
AB  - Geometries for 62 phosphatidylcholines (PC) were optimized using the AM1
      semiempirical quantum mechanical method. Results obtained from these calculations
      were used to calculate 463 descriptors for each molecule. Quantitative Structure
      Property Relationships (QSPR) were developed from these descriptors to predict
      chain melting temperatures (Tm) for the 41 PCs in the training set. After
      screening each QSPR for statistical validity, the Tm values predicted by each
      statistically valid QSPR were compared to corresponding Tm values extracted from
      the literature. The most predictive, chemically meaningful QSPR provided Tm
      values which agreed with literature values to within experimental error. This
      QSPR was used to predict Tm values for the remaining 21 PCs to provide external
      validation for the model. These values also agreed with literature values to
      within experimental error. The descriptor developed by the final QSPR was the
      second order average information content, a topological information-theoretical
      descriptor.

PMID- 13677489
TI  - New developments in PEST shape/property hybrid descriptors.
AB  - Recent investigations have shown that the inclusion of hybrid shape/property
      descriptors together with 2D topological descriptors increases the predictive
      capability of QSAR and QSPR models. Property-Encoded Surface Translator (PEST)
      descriptors may be computed using ab initio or semi-empirical electron density
      surfaces and/or electronic properties, as well as atomic fragment-based TAE/RECON
      property-encoded surface reconstructions. The RECON and PEST algorithms also
      include rapid fragment-based wavelet coefficient descriptor (WCD) computation.
      These descriptors enable a compact encoding of chemical information. We also
      briefly discuss the use of the RECON/PEST methodology in a virtual high
      throughput mode, as well as the use of TAE properties for molecular surface
      autocorrelation analysis.

PMID- 13677490
TI  - Rational selection of training and test sets for the development of validated
      QSAR models.
AB  - Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) models are used increasingly
      to screen chemical databases and/or virtual chemical libraries for potentially
      bioactive molecules. These developments emphasize the importance of rigorous
      model validation to ensure that the models have acceptable predictive power.
      Using k nearest neighbors (kNN) variable selection QSAR method for the analysis
      of several datasets, we have demonstrated recently that the widely accepted leave
      one-out (LOO) cross-validated R2 (q2) is an inadequate characteristic to assess
      the predictive ability of the models [Golbraikh, A., Tropsha, A. Beware of q2! J.
      Mol. Graphics Mod. 20, 269-276, (2002)]. Herein, we provide additional evidence
      that there exists no correlation between the values of q2 for the training set
      and accuracy of prediction (R2) for the test set and argue that this observation
      is a general property of any QSAR model developed with LOO cross-validation. We
      suggest that external validation using rationally selected training and test sets
      provides a means to establish a reliable QSAR model. We propose several
      approaches to the division of experimental datasets into training and test sets
      and apply them in QSAR studies of 48 functionalized amino acid anticonvulsants
      and a series of 157 epipodophyllotoxin derivatives with antitumor activity. We
      formulate a set of general criteria for the evaluation of predictive power of
      QSAR models.

PMID- 13677491
TI  - Using particle swarms for the development of QSAR models based on K-nearest
      neighbor and kernel regression.
AB  - We describe the application of particle swarms for the development of
      quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models based on k-nearest
      neighbor and kernel regression. Particle swarms is a population-based stochastic
      search method based on the principles of social interaction. Each individual
      explores the feature space guided by its previous success and that of its
      neighbors. Success is measured using leave-one-out (LOO) cross validation on the
      resulting model as determined by k-nearest neighbor kernel regression. The
      technique is shown to compare favorably to simulated annealing using three
      classical data sets from the QSAR literature.

PMID- 13677492
TI  - Boosted leave-many-out cross-validation: the effect of training and test set
      diversity on PLS statistics.
AB  - It is becoming increasingly common in quantitative structure/activity
      relationship (QSAR) analyses to use external test sets to evaluate the likely
      stability and predictivity of the models obtained. In some cases, such as those
      involving variable selection, an internal test set--i.e., a cross-validation set-
      is also used. Care is sometimes taken to ensure that the subsets used exhibit
      response and/or property distributions similar to those of the data set as a
      whole, but more often the individual observations are simply assigned 'at
      random.' In the special case of MLR without variable selection, it can be
      analytically demonstrated that this strategy is inferior to others. Most
      particularly, D-optimal design performs better if the form of the regression
      equation is known and the variables involved are well behaved. This report
      introduces an alternative, non-parametric approach termed 'boosted leave-many
      out' (boosted LMO) cross-validation. In this method, relatively small training
      sets are chosen by applying optimizable k-dissimilarity selection (OptiSim) using
      a small subsample size (k = 4, in this case), with the unselected observations
      being reserved as a test set for the corresponding reduced model. Predictive
      errors for the full model are then estimated by aggregating results over several
      such analyses. The countervailing effects of training and test set size,
      diversity, and representativeness on PLS model statistics are described for CoMFA
      analysis of a large data set of COX2 inhibitors.

PMID- 13677493
TI  - Patients' rights, quality of life, and health care system performance.
AB  - The purpose of this paper is to promote the development of a social contract
      between patient and clinician that permits patients to state how they want to
      live as they survive rather than what they are willing to lose to extend their
      survival. To do this, patients must have sufficient leverage to affect the nature
      of the care they receive. This leverage, it is proposed, can be achieved by first
      making a 'Declaration of Patients' Rights Relative to Their Quality of Life' and
      then evaluating the extent to which the patient's providers comply with this
      rights statement. The paper also reviews The World Health Report 2000 [Health
      Systems: Improving Performance Geneva: WHO, 2000] as an example of an alternative
      approach to defining a health care social contract and evaluating a health
      system's performance. Also discussed, were steps that could be taken to
      facilitate the integration of the patients' rights statement into medical
      practice and health care systems performance.

PMID- 13677494
TI  - Item banking to improve, shorten and computerize self-reported fatigue: an
      illustration of steps to create a core item bank from the FACIT-Fatigue Scale.
AB  - Fatigue is a common symptom among cancer patients and the general population. Due
      to its subjective nature, fatigue has been difficult to effectively and
      efficiently assess. Modern computerized adaptive testing (CAT) can enable precise
      assessment of fatigue using a small number of items from a fatigue item bank. CAT
      enables brief assessment by selecting questions from an item bank that provide
      the maximum amount of information given a person's previous responses. This
      article illustrates steps to prepare such an item bank, using 13 items from the
      Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Fatigue Subscale (FACIT-F) as
      the basis. Samples included 1022 cancer patients and 1010 people from the general
      population. An Item Response Theory (IRT)-based rating scale model, a polytomous
      extension of the Rasch dichotomous model was utilized. Nine items demonstrating
      acceptable psychometric properties were selected and positioned on the fatigue
      continuum. The fatigue levels measured by these nine items along with their
      response categories covered 66.8% of the general population and 82.6% of the
      cancer patients. Although the operational CAT algorithms to handle polytomously
      scored items are still in progress, we illustrated how CAT may work by using nine
      core items to measure level of fatigue. Using this illustration, a fatigue
      measure comparable to its full-length 13-item scale administration was obtained
      using four items. The resulting item bank can serve as a core to which will be
      added a psychometrically sound and operational item bank covering the entire
      fatigue continuum.

PMID- 13677496
TI  - Using standardised measures of health-related quality of life: critical issues
      for users and developers.

PMID- 13677495
TI  - Survival-weighted health profile for long-term survivors of acute myelogenous
      leukemia.
AB  - The objective of this study was to use survival-weighted psychometric scores
      (SWPS) to construct a 'health profile' for long-term survivors of acute
      myelogenous leukemia (AML). The study cohort included all patients who had been
      diagnosed and treated in our institution from 1985 to 1999 and achieved complete
      remission after standard chemotherapy (n = 259). One hundred and four patients
      were interviewed by the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of
      Cancer (EORTC)-QLQ-C30 questionnaire and the brief form of World Health
      Organization quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) to estimate the quality
      of life (QOL) function of the cohort. Forty-one patients underwent bone marrow
      transplantation (BMT) as consolidation or salvage therapy; 63 received
      chemotherapy alone. SWPS for every functioning domain and symptom item was
      obtained by direct integration of the mean QOL function with the survival
      function of the cohort. A Monte Carlo method was used to extrapolate the life
      long SWPS beyond the follow-up limit. The mean scores of EORTC-QLQ-C30 and WHOQOL
      BREF did not differ significantly between patients who received BMT or those who
      received chemotherapy only (p > 0.01). In mean SWPS, patients who received BMT
      had significantly (p < 0.01) better SWPS in all of the functioning domains and
      symptom items of EORTC-QLQ-C30 and all four domains of WHOQOL-BREF. However, when
      the life-long extrapolation of SWPS was made, these differences diminished in
      global health and several symptom items of EORTC-QLQ-C30 as well as in the social
      and environmental domains of WHOQOL-BREF. Patients' perspective on QOL may be
      domain-specific and may evolve over time. SWPS may be useful to evaluate the
      efficacy of different treatment strategies for AML. Confirmation of the relative
      merit of BMT vs. chemotherapy alone from prospective studies is needed.

PMID- 13677497
TI  - Factors influencing quality of life in breast cancer survivors.
AB  - Longitudinal data from 195 breast cancer survivors were used to identify factors
      affecting the level and rate of change in quality of life after completion of
      treatment. Women were interviewed up to four times at approximately yearly
      intervals using Kaplan and Bush's Quality of Well Being instrument (QWB). Random
      coefficient regression analysis was used to model QWB as a function of time since
      diagnosis and personal characteristics. QWB scores decreased over time and the
      rate of decline increased with age (p = 0.032). This was similar to declines in
      women with benign breast biopsies, but overall QWB levels were lower in women
      with breast cancer. Having a spouse tended to slow the rate of decline in breast
      cancer survivors (p = 0.004). The presence of comorbidity was associated with
      significantly lower QWB levels (p = 0.037) but did not affect the rate of change
      over time. Education, family history of breast cancer, cancer stage and treatment
      modalities were not significantly related to QWB levels or rates of change.
      Breast cancer survivors experience a reduction in quality of life that persists
      for years after treatment and is similar in magnitude to that associated with
      other health problems.

PMID- 13677498
TI  - The association between mental distress and the use of alternative medicine among
      cancer patients in North Norway.
AB  - PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: To study the association between mental distress and the
      use of alternative medicine (AM) among cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A
      longitudinal questionnaire-based study was carried out at the Department of
      Oncology, University Hospital of Tromso, Norway, during the period 1990-1991. The
      level of mental distress in 158 patients aged less than 75 years was assessed 4
      months after first admission to the cancer ward. The patients answered five
      questions about mental distress selected from the General Health Questionnaire
      (GHQ). The questions were scored continuously according to the Likert scoring
      procedure. The level of mental distress was also ranked from 1 (little or no
      mental distress) to 3 (high mental distress). RESULTS: A total of 53 of the 158
      patients reported use of AM at inclusion of the study or during the 4 months of
      follow-up. Among patients with low mental distress, 21% were users of AM, 36% of
      patients with medium distress and 48% in patients with high level of mental
      distress (p-value for linear trend = 0.02). Adjusted for all known relevant
      variables, patients with medium level of mental distress had 1.9 times higher
      prevalence of use of AM than patients with low level of mental distress, patients
      with high mental distress had a 2.9 times higher prevalence (p = 0.15 and 0.07,
      respectively). Analyzed as a continuous variable (Likert score between 5 and 20),
      mental distress was associated with use of AM (p = 0.007). CONCLUSION: These
      findings suggest that seeking alternative treatment is more common among mentally
      distressed cancer patients.

PMID- 13677499
TI  - Individual quality of life in long-term survivors of Hodgkin's lymphoma--a
      comparative study.
AB  - This study aimed to use an individual approach in evaluating QoL in long-term
      survivors of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and their view of what impact the disease
      has had on life using an extended version of the The Schedule for the Evaluation
      of the Individual quality of life-Direct Weighting (SEIQoL-DW). Adult long-term
      survivors from HL (n = 121) were compared with a randomly selected sample of the
      general population in Stockholm (n = 236). The results showed that the most
      commonly nominated areas (> 50% of patients and controls) important in life were
      family, personal health, work and relations to other people. The HL survivors
      mentioned leisure and finances less frequently than the controls. However,
      neither the current status in the different areas nor the QoL index score
      differed between survivors and controls. Thoughts and worries around disease,
      fatigue and loss of energy and late effects on skin and mucous membrane were the
      most commonly reported problems following HL. Sixty-six percent of the survivors
      reported a change in their view of life and of themselves. Demographic and
      disease characteristics did not influence the ratings of the chosen areas. In
      conclusion, long-term survivors of HL seem to have adapted well to the situation
      of having had a life-threatening disease and undergoing treatment, as measured
      with SEIQoL-DW. The extended Swedish version with a disease-specific module could
      be of great value when identifying specific issues that are important for the
      patient at time of evaluation.

PMID- 13677500
TI  - A comparison of the responsiveness of different generic health status measures in
      patients with asthma.
AB  - Generic health status has been recommended to be measured separately from disease
      specific health status, because they can yield complementary information. In
      particular, generic health status can provide comprehensive health ratings across
      various disorders. However, the weakness with generic measures is that they may
      be less responsive to clinical changes than disease-specific ones. Therefore,
      when using generic health status as an endpoint in clinical trials, the
      instrument to be used is a problem with respect to responsiveness. In the present
      study, we investigated and compared the responsiveness of health status measures
      during asthma treatment using three different generic instruments: the Medical
      Outcomes Study Short Form 36-items Health Survey (SF-36), the Nottingham Health
      Profile (NHP) and the EQ5D (EuroQoL), as well as one disease-specific instrument,
      the Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ). Fifty-four new patients with
      asthma who consulted our clinic were recruited. The health status measurements
      were performed on the initial visit, and at 3 and 6 months. All subscales of the
      SF-36 showed a significant improvement during the first 6 months. Each dimension
      of the EQ5D showed stronger ceiling effects than the SF-36. With respect to the
      responsiveness indices, the SF-36 was regarded as more responsive than the NHP or
      EQ5D utility. The changes in the SF-36 had a weak to moderate correlation with
      the changes in the AQLQ. In conclusion, the SF-36 had a higher responsiveness for
      asthma as a generic measure than the NHP or EQ5D, and evaluated different aspects
      from the AQLQ. The SF-36 can be used effectively in asthma clinical trials.

PMID- 13677501
TI  - Patients' health-related quality-of-life and health state values for motor
      neurone disease/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
AB  - Motor neurone disease (MND) has a severe impact on patient quality of life,
      especially in later stages of the disease. This study assesses the health-related
      quality of life (HRQL) of MND patients, and for the first time elicits health
      state values from patients for their present health state. A structured interview
      was conducted with 77 patients. Patients completed a disease specific health
      status measure (ALSAQ-40), a generic health status measure (EuroQol EQ-5D), a
      visual analogue scale (VAS) and a standard gamble (SG) exercise. The ALSAQ-40 was
      sensitive to disease severity. Patients' mean VAS rating of their own health
      ranged from 0.74 for stage 1 (early) disease severity (n = 15), to 0.37 for stage
      4 (late stage) disease severity (n = 19). Utilities elicited via SG varied from a
      mean of 0.79 for stage 1 disease severity to a mean of 0.45 for stage 4 disease
      severity. The EQ-5D derived single index ranged from a mean of 0.63 for stage 1
      disease severity to a mean of -0.01 for stage 4 disease severity. This study
      demonstrates that it is feasible and practical to obtain health state values from
      MND patients and it provides evidence that patients place a high value on their
      HRQL, even in cases where health status is very poor.

PMID- 13677502
TI  - Relationships between self-reported health related quality of life and measures
      of standardized exercise capacity and metabolic efficiency in a middle-aged and
      aged healthy population.
AB  - BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate to what extent self
      reported health related quality of life (HRQL), assessed by the Swedish standard
      version of the Medical Outcome Study Short-Form 36 (SF-36), is related to
      measured exercise capacity and metabolic efficiency in a cohort of healthy
      subjects from the Gothenburg area of Sweden. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Individuals
      were invited to take part in the evaluation where HRQL was compared with the
      maximal power output expressed in Watts assessed during a standardized treadmill
      test with incremental work loads. Whole body respiratory gas exchanges (CO2/O2)
      were simultaneously measured. Estimate of metabolic efficiency was derived from
      oxygen uptake per Watt produced (ml O2/min/W) near maximal work. RESULTS: The
      health status profile in the current population largely agreed with normative
      data from an age- and gender-matched reference group, although some measured
      scores were slightly better than reference scores. Males and females had a
      similar relationship between energy cost (ml O2/min) for production of maximal
      work (W), while the regressions for maximal exercise power and age were
      significantly different between males and females (p < 0.01). The overall
      metabolic efficiency was the same in individuals between 40 and 74 years of age
      (10.4 +/- 0.07 ml O2/min/ Watt). Maximal exercise power was only related to the
      SF-36 subscale physical functioning (PF), but unrelated to other physical
      subscales such as role limitations due to physical problems, good general health
      and vitality. There was also a discrepancy between measured maximal power and PF
      in many subjects, particularly in males who experienced either intact or severely
      reduced PF. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that simultaneous measurements
      of self-reported and objective measures of PF should add a more integrated view
      for evaluation of therapeutic effectiveness, since the overall correlation was
      poor between objective and subjective scores among individuals.

PMID- 13677504
TI  - Molecular epidemiology of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus reveals complex
      virus traffic and evolution within southern Idaho aquaculture.
AB  - Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is a rhabdovirus which infects
      salmon and trout and may cause disease with up to 90% mortality. In the Hagerman
      Valley of Idaho, IHNV is endemic or epidemic among numerous fish farms and
      resource mitigation hatcheries. A previous study characterizing the genetic
      diversity among 84 IHNV isolates at 4 virus-endemic rainbow trout farms indicated
      that multiple lineages of relatively high diversity co-circulated at these
      facilities (Troyer et al. 2000 J Gen Virol. 81:2823-2832). We tested the
      hypothesis that high IHNV genetic diversity and co-circulating lineages are
      present in aquaculture facilities throughout this region. In this study, 73 virus
      isolates from 14 rainbow trout farms and 3 state hatcheries in the Hagerman
      Valley, isolated between 1978 and 1999, were genetically characterized by
      sequence analysis of a 303 nucleotide region of the glycoprotein gene.
      Phylogenetic and epidemiological analyses showed that multiple IHNV lineages co
      circulate in a complex pattern throughout private trout farms and state
      hatcheries in the valley. IHNV maintained within the valley appears to have
      evolved significantly over the 22 yr study period.

PMID- 13677503
TI  - The SIP68: an abbreviated sickness impact profile for disability outcomes
      research.
AB  - The Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) is one of the most widely recognized generic
      health status instruments, but its length has often left it out of consideration
      for outcomes research. We assess a short alternative, the Sickness Impact Profile
      68 (SIP68), for retest and proxy reliability, validity, and scaling properties,
      in a population of adults with disability (PWD). For convergent validity, the
      SIP68 was compared to the instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs),
      activities of daily living (ADLs) and the short-form 36 (SF-36). We completed 398
      interviews with PWD, 131 index-proxy sets, and 40 retests. Retest intraclass
      correlations were above 0.75 for all scales and dimensions except the physical
      dimension (0.61). Proxy reliability ranged from 0.26 (psychological autonomy and
      communication) to 0.85 (somatic autonomy). Correlation between the SIP68 and SIP
      was 0.94 overall; between the SIP68 and similar scales of the SF-36 correlations
      was moderate, and highest for physical health scales. We repeated the SIP68
      development factor analysis and reproduced a structure of the full SIP that
      included 65 of SIP68 items. However, 36 additional items were retained that are
      not part of the SIP68. Overall, the SIP68 shows promise for use as a disability
      outcomes tool.

PMID- 13677505
TI  - Two distinct phylogenetic clades of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus
      overlap within the Columbia River basin.
AB  - Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), an aquatic rhabdovirus, causes a
      highly lethal disease of salmonid fish in North America. To evaluate the genetic
      diversity of IHNV from throughout the Columbia River basin, excluding the
      Hagerman Valley, Idaho, the sequences of a 303 nt region of the glycoprotein gene
      (mid-G) of 120 virus isolates were determined. Sequence comparisons revealed 30
      different sequence types, with a maximum nucleotide diversity of 7.3% (22
      mismatches) and an intrapopulational nucleotide diversity of 0.018. This
      indicates that the genetic diversity of IHNV within the Columbia River basin is 3
      fold higher than in Alaska, but 2-fold lower than in the Hagerman Valley, Idaho.
      Phylogenetic analyses separated the Columbia River basin IHNV isolates into 2
      major clades, designated U and M. The 2 clades geographically overlapped within
      the lower Columbia River basin and in the lower Snake River and tributaries,
      while the upper Columbia River basin had only U clade and the upper Snake River
      basin had only M clade virus types. These results suggest that there are co
      circulating lineages of IHNV present within specific areas of the Columbia River
      basin. The epidemiological significance of these findings provided insight into
      viral traffic patterns exhibited by IHNV in the Columbia River basin, with
      specific relevance to how the Columbia River basin IHNV types were related to
      those in the Hagerman Valley. These analyses indicate that there have likely been
      2 historical events in which Hagerman Valley IHNV types were introduced and
      became established in the lower Columbia River basin. However, the data also
      clearly indicates that the Hagerman Valley is not a continuous source of
      waterborne virus infecting salmonid stocks downstream.

PMID- 13677506
TI  - Age- and weight-dependent susceptibility of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss to
      isolates of infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) of varying virulence.
AB  - The virulence of 5 European and 1 North American isolate of infectious
      haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) was compared by infecting female sibling
      rainbow trout ('Isle of Man' strain) of different weights and ages (2, 20 and 50
      g). The fish were exposed to 10(4) TCID50 IHNV per ml of water by immersion, and
      the mortality was recorded for 28 d. Two new IHNV isolates from Germany were
      included in the investigation. One was isolated from European eels kept at 23
      degrees C (+/- 2 degrees C) and the other was not detectable by
      immunofluorescence with commercially available monoclonal antibodies recognising
      the viral G protein. The results showed that IHNV isolates of high or low
      virulence persisted in rainbow trout of all ages/weights for 28 d, with the
      exception of fish over 15 g in the eel IHNV (DF [diagnostic fish] 13/98)-infected
      groups from which the virus could not be reisolated on Day 28. The smallest fish
      were most susceptible to an infection with any of the IHNV isolates. The lowest
      cumulative mortality (18%) was observed in fingerlings infected with the North
      American isolate HAG (obtained from Hagerman Valley), and the highest mortality
      (100%) in DF 04/99 infected fish. The DF 04/99 and O-13/95 viruses caused
      mortality in fish independent of their weight or age. The isolates FR-32/87 and I
      4008 were virulent in fish up to a weight of 20 g and caused no mortality in
      larger fish. In the IHNV HAG- and DF 13/98 (eel)-infected rainbow trout, no signs
      of disease were observed in fish weighing between 15 and 50 g. An age/weight
      related susceptibility of rainbow trout was demonstrated under the defined
      conditions for all IHNV isolates tested.

PMID- 13677507
TI  - Host and geographic range extensions of the North American strain of viral
      hemorrhagic septicemia virus.
AB  - Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) was isolated from populations of
      Pacific sardine Sardinops sagax from the coastal waters of Vancouver Island,
      British Columbia, Canada, and central and southern California, USA. The virus was
      also isolated from Pacific mackerel Scomber japonicus in southern California,
      from eulachon or smelt Thaleichthys pacificus, and surf smelt Hypomesus pretiosus
      pretiosus from Oregon, USA. Mortality and skin lesions typical of viral
      hemorrhagic septicemia in other marine fish species were observed among sardine
      in Canada and in a few surf smelt from Oregon, but the remaining isolates of VHSV
      were obtained from healthy appearing fish. The prevalence of VHSV among groups of
      apparently healthy sardine, mackerel and smelt ranged from 4 to 8%, in California
      and Oregon. A greater prevalence of infection (58%) occurred in groups of sardine
      sampled in Canada that sustained a naturally occurring epidemic during 1998-99. A
      captive group of surf smelt in Oregon exhibited an 81% prevalence of infection
      with clinical signs in only a few fish. The new isolates were confirmed as North
      American VHSV and were closely related based on comparisons of the partial
      nucleotide sequence of the glycoprotein (G) gene. The VHSV isolates from sardine
      in Canada and California were the most closely related, differing from isolates
      obtained from other marine fish species and salmonids in British Columbia,
      Canada, Alaska and Washington, USA. These new virus isolations extend both the
      known hosts (sardine, mackerel and 2 species of smelt) and geographic range
      (Oregon and California, USA) of VHSV.

PMID- 13677508
TI  - Genetic and antigenic analysis of betanodaviruses isolated from aquatic organisms
      in Taiwan.
AB  - Viral nervous necrosis (VNN) is a worldwide disease among marine fishes. In
      Taiwan, NNN disease was first identified in 2 species of hatchery-reared grouper,
      Epinephelus fuscogutatus and E. akaaya in 1994. Since then, increasing
      mortalities have occurred among groupers Epinephelus spp., and also among
      European eels Anguilla anguilla L., yellow-wax pompano Trachinotus falcatus,
      firespot snapper Lutaanus erythropterus B., barramundi Lates calcarifer, cobias
      Rachycentron canadum, humpback groupers Cromileptes altivelis and Chinese catfish
      Parasilurus asotus. In the present study, samples were collected from affected
      fishes and processed for reverse transcriptase (RT) PCR amplification and virus
      isolation in cell culture. Infected cells (GF-1 cell line) exhibited cytopathic
      effect characteristics of grouper nervous necrosis virus (GNNV). A RT-PCR product
      of approximately 830 bp was amplified from the brain homogenate of tested samples
      and sequenced. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the amplified
      RT-PCR products from all isolates were strongly homologous (> 97 %) with the
      corresponding region of the published sequence of red-spotted grouper nervous
      necrosis virus (RGNVV). Therefore, all Taiwan NNV (nervous necrosis virus)
      isolates studied in this report belong to the RGNNV genotype. We used 5
      neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against GNNV to analyze the antigenic
      relationship of Taiwan NNV isolates and striped jack nervous necrosis virus
      (SJNNV). The results of neutralization tests revealed that all Taiwan NNV
      isolates were closely related, but antigenically different from SJNNV in 3
      neutralizing epitopes. To our knowledge, this is the first description of NNV
      infection in European eels, yellow-wax pompano, firespot snapper, cobia and
      Chinese catfish, and the first reported instance of natural NNV infection in
      freshwater fishes causing high mortality.

PMID- 13677509
TI  - Identification of spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV) by combined RT-PCR and
      nested PCR.
AB  - A combination of single-tube reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and nested PCR was
      used to identify spring viraemia of carp rhabdovirus (SVCV) in infected cell
      cultures and fish tissues. Two pairs of specific primers (external and internal)
      were selected from the glycoprotein gene sequence. A specific product of 470 bp
      was amplified from RNA derived from 34 SVCV isolates including the reference
      strain (Fijan), using RT-PCR with the external primers. The subsequent PCR using
      the internal primers yielded a specific product of 141 bp in all cases. No PCR
      product was obtained following attempts to amplify RNA derived from other fish
      viruses including pike fry rhabdovirus (PFRV), or from non-infected cells. The
      identity of the cDNA was confirmed by direct sequencing. PCR sensitivity in the
      cell-culture system was assessed as about 10(-1) TCID50 ml(-1). PCR was further
      used for the detection of SVCV in 14 clinical samples. Nested PCR allowed us to
      diagnose the infection in all clinical samples in which SVCV infection was
      demonstrated by electron microscopy and ELISA. PCR amplification of the SVCV
      glycoprotein (G) gene is a potential method for rapid diagnosis of spring
      viraemia of carp; however, it is necessary to verify the method in a higher
      number of clinical tissue samples. PCR can now be added to current confirmatory
      diagnostic methods, for determination of SVCV in cell culture. Sequencing of RT
      PCR products performed for 7 SVCV isolates (4 Czech, 2 Hungarian, and 1 isolate
      of unknown origin) revealed a high degree of homogeneity of the G gene region
      with that of the previously sequenced Fijan strain. The highest nucleotide
      variability (97.4 to 98.1% nucleotide similarity) was found between the Hungarian
      and the other isolates. Knowledge of genetic differences among SVCV isolates will
      be useful in the development of diagnostic methods and elaboration of vaccination
      programmes.

PMID- 13677510
TI  - Increased recovery of brain acetylcholinesterase activity in dichlorvos
      intoxicated European eels Anguilla anguilla by bath treatment with N
      acetylcysteine.
AB  - Organophosphate (OP) pesticides are widely used as antiparasitic chemicals in
      finfish aquaculture. However, current antidotes cannot be applied to treat
      intoxicated fish. We showed in previous studies the importance of glutathione
      (GSH) metabolism in pesticide resistance of the European eel Anguilla anguilla L.
      The present work studied the effects of the antioxidant and glutathione pro-drug
      N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) on the recovery of European eels exposed for 96 h to a
      sublethal concentration (0.17 mg l(-1); 20% of its 96 h LC50) of the OP pesticide
      dichlorvos (2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate; DDVP). This insecticide and
      acaricide decreased muscular GSH content and increased oxidised glutathione
      (GSSG), lowering the GSH:GSSG ratio, which is indicative of a condition of
      oxidative stress. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glutathione reductase (GR)
      activities in the brain, which were biomarkers of neurotoxicity and oxidative
      stress, respectively, were also highly inhibited. Recovery in a 0.5 mM (81.6 mg
      l(-1)) NAC concentration ameliorated muscular GSH depletion, GSH:GSSG ratio, and
      the inhibition of brain AChE and GR activities. Hence, this is the first evidence
      of improved recovery of organophosphate-poisoned fish by bath treatments.

PMID- 13677511
TI  - Detection of the oyster parasite Bonamia ostreae by fluorescent in situ
      hybridization.
AB  - Bonamia ostreae is an economically significant protistan parasite of the flat
      oyster Ostrea edulis in Europe and North America. Management of this parasite
      depends partly upon its reliable identification in wild and aquacultured oyster
      populations, but B. ostreae is small and difficult to detect by traditional
      microscopic methods. We designed a fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) assay
      to sensitively detect B. ostreae in standard histopathological sections of B.
      ostreae-infected oysters using fluorescently labeled DNA oligonucleotide probes.
      Hybridization using a cocktail of 3 presumptively B. ostreae-specific,
      fluorescein iso(thio)cyanate (FITC)-labeled oligonucleotides produced an
      unambiguous staining pattern of small green rings inside infected oyster
      hemocytes that was easily distinguished from host tissue background. This pattern
      is diagnostic for B. ostreae. A negative control cocktail of oligonucleotides
      containing 2 mismatches relative to target sequences, on the other hand, failed
      to hybridize at all. B. ostreae-specific probes did not cross-react with a
      related protist, Haplosporidium nelsoni.

PMID- 13677512
TI  - Propagation of infectious yellow head virus particles prior to cytopathic effect
      in primary lymphoid cell cultures of Penaeus monodon.
AB  - Yellow head virus is a highly pathogenic agent that can cause a fatal disease in
      several species of penaeid shrimps. Using a primary cell culture and an in vitro
      quantal assay (TCID50), this study sought to determine the propagation profile of
      yellow head virus after inoculation at a low multiplicity of infection in the
      lymphoid tissue (oka organ) of Penaeus monodon. Detectable levels of virus were
      present as early as 24 h post-inoculation. Maximal viral yields were reached by 4
      d post-infection, approximately 24 h after the onset of a detectable cytopathic
      effect, which was normally observable at 3 d post-inoculation. The methodology
      provides a useful tool for studying yellow head virus-host-cell interactions.

PMID- 13677513
TI  - Infection of the isopod Tachaea spongillicola on freshwater prawns Macrobrachium
      spp. in southern India.
AB  - This paper reports the infection of freshwater prawns belonging to the genus
      Macrobrachium by the isopod parasite Tachaea spongillicola in a freshwater river
      system of southeastern India.

PMID- 13677514
TI  - Efficacy of oral vaccine against bacterial coldwater disease in ayu Plecoglossus
      altivelis.
AB  - The development of a practical vaccination method against bacterial coldwater
      disease (BCWD) in ayu Plecoglossus altivelis and the efficacy of oral
      administration of formalin-killed cells (FKCs) of Flavobacterium psychrophilum
      was investigated. The FKC was administrated at a dose of 0.1-0.2 g kg(-1) body
      weight to juvenile ayu (0.5 g body weight) every day for 2 wk or on 5 days over 2
      wk. Experimental immersion challenge at 3 and 7 wk after vaccination showed
      significantly higher survival rates than the controls. The results show the
      effectiveness of oral vaccination against BCWD in ayu.

PMID- 13677515
TI  - Surface reorientation induced by short light pulses in doped liquid crystals.
AB  - Fast surface reorientation induced by a single 4-ns low-energy laser pulse in dye
      doped liquid crystals is reported. The reorientation is due to light-induced
      modification of the surface anisotropy, which affects the liquid crystal's
      director through the appearance of a preferred direction on the irradiated
      surface. The detected signals can be interpreted as being the result of light
      induced desorption and adsorption of dye molecules.

PMID- 13677516
TI  - Static and dynamic profile of the electric field within the bulk of fused silica
      glass during and after thermal poling.
AB  - We use the electric-field-induced second-harmonic (EFISH) technique to
      characterize, for the first time to our knowledge, the profile of the electric
      field induced within the bulk of fused silica glass samples both during and after
      thermal-poling treatment. During thermal poling, the initially homogeneous
      electric field decays exponentially from the anodic to the cathodic surface.
      After the poling treatment, a permanent electric field is induced within the bulk
      of the sample. It also decays exponentially from a positive value on the anodic
      surface to a negative value on the cathodic surface. The exponential decay
      constant depends on the thickness of the sample, the poling time, and the
      temperature. The temperature evolution of this constant makes it possible to
      retrieve the activation energy of the rapidly moving ionic species. This ensemble
      of observations indicates that modifications to models previously proposed are
      necessary.

PMID- 13677517
TI  - Can spatial coherence effects produce a local minimum of intensity at focus?
AB  - It is demonstrated that, for high-Fresnel-number focusing systems illuminated by
      certain classes of partially coherent light, it is possible to produce a local
      minimum of intensity at the geometrical focus. Such an effect is possible even
      though the average intensity in the entrance plane of the lens is uniform. An
      explanation is offered for this effect, and potential applications are
      considered.

PMID- 13677518
TI  - Is there a fundamental limitation on the measurement of spatial coherence for
      highly incoherent fields?
AB  - We investigate a fundamental limitation on the measurement of spatial coherence
      for highly incoherent fields. We model the near-field detection scheme, required
      for such a measurement, with pointlike induced dipoles. We find that this fully
      vector model sets a characteristic length scale beyond which the spatial
      coherence of an optical field cannot be accurately measured. This length scale
      forms an uncertainty relationship with the photodetector integration time.

PMID- 13677519
TI  - Goos-Hanchen effect in the gaps of photonic crystals.
AB  - We show the presence of the Goos-Hanchen effect when a monochromatic beam
      illuminates a photonic crystal inside a photonic bandgap.

PMID- 13677520
TI  - Laterally deformable nanomechanical zeroth-order gratings: anomalous diffraction
      studied by rigorous coupled-wave analysis.
AB  - We describe a novel optomechanical device that produces strong reflectance and
      polarization modulation of incident light. The structure is based on a suspended
      nanomechanical grating with lateral deformability, and rigorous coupled-wave
      analysis has been used to fully model the optical properties of the device. The
      grating consists of two interdigitated gratings that may be moved with respect to
      each other with an applied force. The structures proposed here are designed to be
      readily manufacturable with device processing developed for surface-micromachined
      microelectromechanical systems and with known microelectromechanical systems
      materials, such as silicon, silicon nitride, and amorphous diamond. As the
      spacing of the grating is changed, an anomalous diffraction effect is observed, a
      Wood's type anomaly in which there exists a resonance in propagating leaky modes
      within the grating, resulting in a dramatic change in the reflectance
      characteristics for slight changes in the grating. One of the unique features of
      this structure is that a reflected optical signal can be used to detect
      subangstrom in-plane motion of structures greater than 10 nm.

PMID- 13677521
TI  - Polarization mode dispersion properties of constantly spun randomly birefringent
      fibers.
AB  - We calculate the asymptotic first-order polarization mode dispersion statistics
      of constantly spun fibers. We show that in the long length regime the mean
      differential group delay of constantly spun fibers grows linearly with distance
      at the same rate as for unspun fibers. Conversely, the short length regime of
      constantly spun fibers may be much longer, even for limited spin rates.

PMID- 13677522
TI  - Efficient operation of double-clad Yb3+-doped fiber lasers with a novel circular
      cladding geometry.
AB  - A highly efficient double-clad Yb3+-doped fiber laser with a novel cladding
      geometry is described. A round double-clad fiber with a small D-shaped hole for
      breaking a circular symmetry in a cladding combines the advantages of ease of
      manufacture and handling round fibers with efficient absorption of pump light.
      Fiber lasers with a double-D cladding shape and a D-hole cladding are compared.
      We report what are to our knowledge the highest slope efficiencies of 73% and
      69%, respectively, pumping at 915 nm. Output powers in excess of 13 W are
      demonstrated.

PMID- 13677523
TI  - Reduced microdeformation attenuation in large-mode-area photonic crystal fibers
      for visible applications.
AB  - We consider large-mode-area photonic crystal fibers for visible applications in
      which microdeformation-induced attenuation becomes a potential problem when the
      effective area A(eff) is sufficiently large compared to lambda2. We argue that a
      slight increase in fiber diameter D can be used in screening the high-frequency
      components of the microdeformation spectrum mechanically, and we confirm this
      experimentally for both 15- and 20-microm core fibers. For typical bending radii
      (R approximately 16 cm) the operating bandwidth increases by approximately 3-400
      nm to the low-wavelength side.

PMID- 13677524
TI  - Spectrally scanned, repetitively pulsed erbium-doped fiber laser for spectral and
      temporal multiplexing of fiber Bragg grating sensors.
AB  - An erbium-doped fiber laser that emits a series of spectrally scanned pulses is
      used to monitor an array of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors. The cavity for
      this Fabry-Perot laser is formed by two spectrally selective reflectors: a
      rotating mirror-grating combination for scanning the reflectance peak wavelength
      and a fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer (FFPI) with a periodic reflectance
      spectrum. During a scan of the rotating mirror, the laser produces a set of Q
      switched pulses over the 1522-1568-nm spectral range at each of the FFPI
      reflectance peak wavelengths. This laser is used to simultaneously demonstrate
      wavelength-division multiplexing of FBGs with reflectance peaks in different
      spectral regimes and time-division multiplexing of FBGs with overlapping spectra.
      The spectral location of the FBG peaks was determined to an accuracy of 1.4 pm.

PMID- 13677525
TI  - 50-km single-ended spontaneous-Brillouin-based distributed-temperature sensor
      exploiting pulsed Raman amplification.
AB  - We demonstrate enhanced performance of a single-ended spontaneous-Brillouin
      intensity-based distributed-temperature sensor with a sensing length of 50 km and
      a spatial resolution of 15 m by use of Raman amplification of the probe pulse
      within the sensing fiber. The Raman amplification was achieved with a
      copropagating pump pulse at 1450 nm. The standard deviation error of the
      temperature resolution was 1 degree C at the front end and increased to less than
      13 degrees C at 50 km with Raman pulse amplification.

PMID- 13677526
TI  - Multiple imaging axis microscopy improves resolution for thick-sample
      applications.
AB  - The multiple imaging axis microscope (MIAM) is a wide-field optical microscope
      that observes a sample simultaneously from multiple directions without requiring
      the sample to be rotated or tilted. The prototype is capable of high-resolution
      imaging of the interior of a 300-microm-diameter sample consisting of fluorescent
      microbeads suspended in an agarose gel. Compared with a single-axis system, the
      MIAM can achieve a reduction of the axial point-spread function elongation by a
      factor of 5.8 and a 3.5-fold improvement in volume resolution by simple linear
      image combination techniques.

PMID- 13677527
TI  - Phase-shifting windowed Fourier ridges for determination of phase derivatives.
AB  - Determination of the phase or phase derivative from interferometric fringe
      patterns is an important task in optical interferometry. The use of wavelet
      ridges was recently shown to be an effective method for phase retrieval from a
      single fringe pattern. One necessary requirement in this method is the need for
      carrier frequency. In cases when carrier frequency is not available, the novel
      phase-shifting windowed Fourier ridges method can be used. Phase derivatives with
      the proper sign can be directly retrieved even in the presence of noise. An
      application for curvature determination from speckle shearographic fringes
      demonstrates the effectiveness of the method.

PMID- 13677528
TI  - Mode-order converter in a multimode waveguide.
AB  - A novel device that converts the order of modes in an integrated-optic multimode
      waveguide was proposed and fabricated. The device consists of two mode splitters
      and tapered waveguides. Its operation at a wavelength of 1.55 microm was
      confirmed by observation of the output mode profiles. The cross talk measured by
      an indirect method was >10.2 dB. The excess loss with reference to a straight
      multimode waveguide was 1.5 dB, compared with the propagation loss of a straight
      multimode waveguide.

PMID- 13677529
TI  - Silicon-wire-based ultrasmall lattice filters with wide free spectral ranges.
AB  - Using silicon-on-insulator-based silicon-wire waveguides with submicrometer cross
      sections, we constructed ultrasmall channel-dropping lattice filters for 1.5
      microm infrared systems. The waveguide's low-loss bends with 2.5-microm radius
      reduce the total length of the filter to less than 100 microm and enlarge the
      free spectral range to more than 80 nm. The measured spectra show fine channel
      dropping characteristics, and the results agree well with numerical predictions.
      Moreover, we have succeeded in tuning the dropping wavelength by adjusting the
      lengths of the delay lines.

PMID- 13677530
TI  - Heat treatment for reduction of surface roughness on holographic gratings.
AB  - Controlled postdevelopment heat treatment of the photoresist polymer used in the
      preparation of holographic gratings has been shown to enhance the diffraction
      efficiency of gratings and reduce the scattering losses. We prove this effect by
      analyzing the resonant reflection spectra of a waveguide grating and observing
      the reduction in the arc-shaped light scattering associated with the excitation
      of waveguide modes.

PMID- 13677531
TI  - Resonant excess quantum noise in lasers with mixed guiding.
AB  - We show experimentally that the combination of soft-edged gain and index guiding
      can lead to resonant excess quantum noise. Resonances with excess noise factors
      close to 100 are observed in end-pumped Nd3+:YVO4 lasers for cavity lengths in
      which two modes experience similar gain. An associated increase in the relaxation
      oscillation damping rate demonstrates that the fluctuation enhancement is indeed
      caused by excess quantum noise and not by dynamic instabilities.

PMID- 13677532
TI  - 360-W average power operation with a single-stage diode-pumped Nd:YAG amplifier
      at a 1-kHz repetition rate.
AB  - We report a high-average-power laser-diode-pumped Nd:YAG master oscillator power
      amplifier system that has a minimum number of elements in the single multipass
      zigzag-slab amplifier stage and is used to pump a high-peak-power and high
      average-power Ti:sapphire laser system. This phase-conjugated system produces an
      average power of 362 W at 1 kHz in a 30-ns pulse with an optical-to-optical
      conversion efficiency of 14%. With an external KTP doubler this system generates
      132 W of green average output power at 1 kHz with a conversion efficiency of 60%
      when pumped at a power level of 222 W. To the best of our knowledge these results
      represent the highest average output power at both infrared and green wavelengths
      achieved in a single amplifier stage.

PMID- 13677533
TI  - High-performance, compact, prismless, low-threshold 30-MHz Ti:Al2O3 laser.
AB  - We describe the design and operation of a compact femtosecond Ti:Al2O3 laser
      based on a novel multipass cavity (MPC) design. The laser is all solid state, has
      prismless dispersion compensation with double-chirped mirrors, and uses a tight
      focusing geometry to facilitate efficient low-threshold operation. We increase
      output pulse energies by extending the resonator length with a compact, scalable
      MPC, which preserves the characteristics of the Gaussian beam for the short
      cavity. Although the effective cavity length is approximately 5 m, an extremely
      compact laser that measures only 30 cm x 45 cm is achieved. With only 1.5 W of
      pump power, the laser generates 23-fs pulses at a repetition rate of 31.25 MHz
      and with 88 mW of average output power, corresponding to 2.8 nJ of pulse energy.

PMID- 13677534
TI  - Observation of the synchronization of chaos in mutually injected vertical-cavity
      surface-emitting semiconductor lasers.
AB  - Synchronization of chaotic oscillations was observed in mutually injected
      vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) in a low-frequency fluctuation
      regime. In the experiments, only one of the two polarization modes (x mode)
      showed synchronized oscillations, and the other polarization components (y mode)
      were synchronized as a result of the effect of anticorrelated oscillations that
      is a characteristic feature of VCSELs.

PMID- 13677535
TI  - X-ray laser beam with diffraction-limited divergence generated with two gain
      media.
AB  - We demonstrate an x-ray laser at a wavelength of 13.9 nm with a beam divergence
      of 0.2 mrad, which is 1.8 times the diffraction limit. The x-ray laser is
      generated with two gain media; the seed x-ray pulse from the first medium is
      amplified in the second medium. The effect of refraction on x-ray propagation is
      reduced by spatially and temporally controlling the injection of the seed x-ray
      to the second medium.

PMID- 13677536
TI  - Highly efficient light emission at lambda = 1.5 microm by a three-dimensional
      tungsten photonic crystal.
AB  - For what is believed to be the first time, a three-dimensional tungsten photonic
      crystal is demonstrated to emit light effectively at wavelength lambda = 1.5
      microm. At a bias of V = 7 V, the thermal emission exhibits a full width at half
      maximum of delta lambda = 0.85 microm. Within this narrow band, the emitted
      optical power is 4.5 W and the electrical-to-optical conversion efficiency is
      approximately 22% per emitting surface. This unique emission is made possible by
      a large, absolute bandgap in the infrared lambda and flat photonic dispersion
      near the band edges and in a narrow absorption band.

PMID- 13677537
TI  - Broadband near-field interference spectroscopy of metal nanoparticles using a
      femtosecond white-light continuum.
AB  - We demonstrate a new nanoscale spectroscopic technique that combines
      subwavelength near-field imaging with broadband interference spectroscopy. We
      apply this technique to study phase spectra of surface plasmons in individual
      gold nanoparticles and nanoparticle dimers. Collective plasmon oscillations in
      selected nanostructures are excited by a femtosecond white-light continuum
      transmitted through a subwavelength aperture. The interference spectra detected
      in the far field result from the coherent superposition of the aperture field and
      the secondary field re-emitted by the nanostructure. The analysis of these
      spectra allows us to accurately measure the positions and damping constants of
      single-nanostructure plasmon resonances.

PMID- 13677538
TI  - Optical limiting properties of nonlinear multimode waveguides.
AB  - An experimental investigation of the transmission of multimode capillary
      waveguides with a nonlinear absorber in the core shows an enhanced nonlinear
      absorption relative to the same length of bulk material. The results are
      consistent with partial mode filling within the cores of the waveguides. This
      study confirms the promising optical limiting capabilities of multimode nonlinear
      waveguides and implies that the mode structure should be considered in the design
      and evaluation of capillary array optical limiters.

PMID- 13677539
TI  - Broadband saturable absorber with cobalt-doped tellurite glasses.
AB  - A robust solid-state saturable absorber was developed with cobalt-ion-doped
      tellurite glasses that has a broad saturable-absorption band in the near
      infrared. A nonlinear optical absorber was measured by the Z-scan technique.
      Numerically fitting the Z-scan experimental data yields excited-state absorption
      cross sections at a 1064-nm laser wavelength of sigma(es) = 1.45 x 10(-20) and
      sigma(es) = 1.15 x 10(-20) cm2 for 1.0- and 2.5-at. % Co2+-doped glasses,
      respectively.

PMID- 13677540
TI  - All-optical image processing with cavity type II second-harmonic generation.
AB  - The possibilities offered by type II intracavity second-harmonic generation for
      all-optical parallel processing of images are investigated. By injecting an image
      in a linearly polarized pump beam and a homogeneous field with orthogonal
      polarization, we obtain, according to the value of the latter, either frequency
      and polarization transfer or contrast enhancement and contour recognition. Noise
      filtering effects are also predicted.

PMID- 13677541
TI  - Body-centered cubic dissipative crystal formation in a dispersive and diffractive
      optical parametric oscillator.
AB  - We show that coupling diffraction and chromatic dispersion lead to body-centered
      cubic and hexagonally packed cylinders of dissipative optical crystals in a
      degenerate optical parametric oscillator. The stabilization of these crystals is
      a direct consequence of the interaction between the modulational and the quasi
      neutral modes.

PMID- 13677542
TI  - Noncontact optical tomography of turbid media.
AB  - Optical tomography of turbid media has so far been limited by systems that
      require fixed geometries or measurements employing fibers. We present a system
      that records noncontact optical measurements from diffuse media of arbitrary
      shapes and retrieves the three-dimensional surface information of the diffuse
      medium. We further present a novel method of combining this composite data set
      and obtain accurate fluorescence reconstructions. This approach offers
      significant experimental simplicity and yields high-information-content datasets.
      The performance of this novel tomographic approach is demonstrated with
      experimental reconstructions of phantoms.

PMID- 13677543
TI  - Simultaneous optical coherence tomography imaging and beta particle detection.
AB  - A prototype hybrid catheter device designed for imaging and detection of vascular
      diseases is introduced. The prototype device integrates a high-resolution optical
      coherent tomography probe and a high-sensitivity beta detector into a single
      unit. With this prototype device we demonstrate the feasibility of simultaneous
      optical coherence tomography imaging and detection of beta particles.

PMID- 13677544
TI  - Application of light-emitting diodes for aerosol fluorescence detection.
AB  - We demonstrate a proof-of-concept optical spectroscopic system for bioaerosol
      particle fluorescence detection, in which a pulsed high-power laser is replaced
      by a highly compact linear array of sequentially fired light from blue light
      emitting diodes. The results suggest that low-cost, compact optical aerosol
      detection may be feasible with the contemporary emergence of efficient UV light
      emitting diodes.

PMID- 13677545
TI  - High-temporal-resolution, single-shot characterization of terahertz pulses.
AB  - A technique for noncollinear cross correlation of electro-optic modulated optical
      pulses is presented for the single-shot characterization of terahertz waveforms
      and is compared to established electro-optic terahertz characterization methods.
      This technique is free from the limitations on time resolution and faithful
      reproduction of previously demonstrated single-shot amplitude modulation spectral
      encoding.

PMID- 13677546
TI  - Diode-pumped 10-fs Cr3+:LiCAF laser.
AB  - We demonstrate 10-fs pulses from a diode-pumped, soft-aperture Kerr lens mode
      locked Cr3+:LiCAF laser with a spectral bandwidth of 150 nm and 40 mW of output
      power at a repetition rate of 110 MHz. For dispersion compensation, double
      chirped mirrors and prisms are used. The pulses are characterized by use of
      spectral shearing interferometry.

PMID- 13677547
TI  - Should transvaginal ultrasound be performed at annual examination in asymptomatic
      women?

PMID- 13677548
TI  - Chronic pelvic pain of bladder origin: a focus on interstitial cystitis.
AB  - Chronic pelvic pain afflicts some 9,000,000 women in the United States. Of these,
      perhaps 10%-although the true number of those affected is actually much greater
      are found to have interstitial cystitis (IC), that is, pain of bladder origin.
      The etiology is multifactorial, but a fairly good marker is dysfunction of the
      glycosaminoglycan/mucus/mucin layer of the bladder as detected by a potassium
      (KCl) sensitivity test. A cascade starting with Substance P seems to be involved
      in generating inflammation, and even ulceration, which is the focus of pain. This
      article describes means of diagnosis, including the KCl test and cystoscopy, and
      both U.S. FDA-approved and extended-use medical treatment options which are
      always to be attempted before the final step of surgery.

PMID- 13677549
TI  - Cycle control, tolerability, and satisfaction among women switching from 30-35
      microg ethinyl estradiol-containing oral contraceptives to the triphasic
      norgestimate/25 microg ethinyl estradiol-containing oral contraceptive Ortho Tri
      Cyclen LO.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To determine cycle control, tolerability, and satisfaction among women
      (aged 18-45) switching from oral contraceptives (OCs) containing 30-35 microg
      ethinyl estradiol (EE) to Ortho Tri-Cyclen LO (norgestimate 180/215/250 microg/EE
      25 microg) and Loestrin Fe 1/20 (norethindrone acetate 1 mg/EE 20 microg).
      DESIGN: A subset of patients from a study comparing Ortho Tri-Cyclen LO (N = 864)
      with Loestrin Fe 1/20 (N = 565) was analyzed. The subset was defined as those who
      had taken a 30-35 microg EE-containing OC within 60 days of study start. The
      total number of cycles of exposure for the subset was 6,054 for Ortho Tri-Cyclen
      LO and 3,814 for Loestrin Fe 1/20. Additional analyses evaluated switchovers from
      Ortho Tri-Cyclen to Ortho Tri-Cyclen LO (N = 111). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cycle
      control was assessed by daily diary cards reporting the frequency, severity, and
      duration of bleeding/spotting. Discontinuation rates due to adverse events (AEs)
      were considered to reflect tolerability. Satisfaction was evaluated by
      questionnaire. RESULTS: The proportion of cycles in which subjects experienced
      breakthrough bleeding and/or spotting was significantly lower with Ortho Tri
      Cyclen LO than Loestrin Fe 1/20. Discontinuations due to AEs and serious AEs were
      comparable for Ortho Tri-Cyclen LO (3.4% and 0.6%, respectively) and Loestrin Fe
      1/20 (3.2% and 0.7%, respectively). More women on Ortho Tri-Cyclen LO versus
      Loestrin Fe 1/20 were very or somewhat satisfied at Cycle 6 (86% vs. 81.1%; P <
      0.05) and last visit (81.6% vs. 78.1%; P < 0.05). At Cycle 6, 89.3% of Ortho Tri
      Cyclen to Ortho Tri-Cyclen LO switchovers were very or somewhat satisfied, and
      72.6% desired to continue taking Ortho Tri-Cyclen LO after study conclusion.
      Conclusions-Switchovers from OCs containing 30-35 microg EE to Ortho Tri-Cyclen
      LO had excellent cycle control and tolerability, and were satisfied.

PMID- 13677550
TI  - The role of new progestins in women's health.
AB  - The need for safe and efficacious hormone use underlines the importance of long
      term contraceptive options as well as safe short-term hormone replacement when
      symptoms and clinical judgment dictate this course of action. For contracepting
      women, new progestins have been introduced in an attempt to provide more
      effective options with fewer side effects. These have been designed to suit a
      variety of personal needs and life styles. These agents, found in oral
      contraceptives, injectables, transdermals, transvaginal rings and intrauterine
      systems, carry improved risk profiles and a wide range of noncontraceptive
      benefits. For the post-reproductive woman with a uterus the emphasis is on
      progestin options with the lowest dose and least systemic side effects. These
      options must, according to the U.S. FDA, prove not only their efficacy but also
      their safety. Ongoing studies will be necessary to ensure that menopausal women
      also enjoy safe hormone use for symptom reduction as well as other possible
      benefits.

PMID- 13677552
TI  - Advice for new (and seasoned) faculty.

PMID- 13677551
TI  - Progress in contraception: new technology.
AB  - Unintended pregnancy continues to be a major public health issue in this country.
      Approximately 50% of pregnancies in the United States are unintended, and, of
      these, half end in abortion. Although tubal sterilization is highly effective,
      many women subsequently express regret and remorse. Oral contraceptives represent
      an effective, reversible method. However, many women have difficulty using them
      consistently and correctly. Recently, four new delivery systems for hormonal
      contraception have become available in the United States: the monthly injection,
      the levonorgestrel intrauterine system, the combination hormonal contraceptive
      vaginal ring, and the transdermal contraceptive patch. All four new methods are
      effective, readily reversible, generally discreet, and reduce daily compliance
      challenges. The monthly injection, vaginal ring, and transdermal patch can be
      discontinued without the need for an office visit. This expanded menu of
      effective contraceptive options should help women find a method that suits their
      particular life style.

PMID- 13677553
TI  - Knowing and connecting: competing demands and creating student-friendly and
      teacher-friendly nursing curricula.

PMID- 13677555
TI  - Institutional issues in the implementation of an international student exchange
      program.
AB  - This article discusses institutional issues related to the development and
      implementation of an undergraduate student exchange program in nursing. A
      consortium of four universities in the United States and six nursing schools in
      three European countries developed an exchange program to teach a common
      community health module. Thirty-one students from the United States and 30
      students from Europe participated in this program, which was funded by the U.S.
      Department of Education and the European Union. The project commenced with a 3
      week meeting of faculty and students to design the 8-week exchange program and
      cultural preparation module. This article describes institutional issues related
      to the project. Academic issues, nonacademic issues, and exchange procedures are
      presented. The extended meeting of faculty and students that occurred early in
      the funding period was critical to this program's success.

PMID- 13677554
TI  - Predictors of NCLEX-RN success in a baccalaureate nursing program as a foundation
      for remediation.
AB  - This study evaluated students' demographic and nursing program variables and
      standardized test scores to determine whether significant differences existed
      between students who successfully completed the National Council Licensure
      Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN) and those who were unsuccessful. In
      addition, the predictive accuracy of two standardized examinations, the Mosby
      AssessTest and the Health Education Systems, Incorporated (HESI) Exit Examination
      were compared. Two cohorts of graduating senior nursing students were studied
      (1999 cohort N = 121; 2000 cohort N = 103). Demographic and nursing program
      variables were obtained from student records. The Undergraduate Studies Committee
      provided standardized test scores (Mosby AssessTest in 1999; HESI Exit
      Examination in 2000). Only two program variables were consistently associated
      with success on the NCLEX-RN--final course grade for a didactic, senior-level
      medical-surgical nursing course and cumulative program grade point average.
      Scores on both standardized tests were significantly different in students who
      were successful on the NCLEX-RN and those who were not. The HESI Exit Examination
      demonstrated greater sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive
      value, and test efficiency, compared with the Mosby AssessTest. Use of program
      variables and students' standardized test scores may allow faculty to identify
      students at risk for failing the NCLEX-RN and to provide structured remediation
      so these students may be successful on the licensing examination and begin their
      nursing careers.

PMID- 13677556
TI  - Education for differentiated role development for NP and CNS practice: one
      nursing program's approach.
AB  - Development of nurse care providers who best meet the public's health care needs
      is imperative. Some nurses believe the functions of nurse practitioners and
      clinical nurse specialists should be combined. However, the experience of the
      authors' nursing program argues otherwise. Two graduate nursing tracks, family
      nurse practitioner and rural health specialist, were developed to meet the health
      care needs of rural populations. Although the two tracks share expected
      competencies and areas of expertise to some extent, differences in practice are
      apparent in identified domains of practice and terminal competencies. Family
      nurse practitioner practice focuses on assessment, diagnosis, and management of
      health and illness conditions of individuals and families across the life span.
      Clinical nurse specialist practice incorporates traditional roles of client
      assessment, monitoring and coordination of care, outcome assessment, and client,
      family, and community education, with a new focus on case management strategies.
      These differences are important to care delivery in the managed care era.

PMID- 13677557
TI  - Performance improvement in higher education: adapting a model from health care
      agencies.
AB  - Because a nationwide nursing shortage continues to affect consumers of nursing
      education, it is currently more important than ever for nurse educators to
      continue to define and evaluate the quality of their programs. The authors
      propose that a model used by an industry leader in health care accreditation, the
      Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations, can be adapted to
      evaluate the quality of nursing programs. This model is improvement oriented and
      data driven, targeting program functions and processes, rather than being problem
      focused.

PMID- 13677558
TI  - Solutions to finding graduate clinical sites for advanced health assessment.
AB  - Finding pediatric clinical sites for students in advanced health assessment
      courses can be challenging. By using creative planning, new methods of acquiring
      additional clinical sites can be developed. Three specific ideas for new site
      acquisition, as well as potential limitations, are suggested.

PMID- 13677559
TI  - Cultivating empowerment in nursing today for a strong profession tomorrow.
AB  - The ongoing nursing shortage requires careful consideration by those in nursing
      education to determine causes of the shortage and best approaches to countering
      the supply issue predicted to last far into the future. A grounded theory
      approach was used to conduct a pilot study to explore processes related to
      empowerment and disempowerment among 16 participants from a baccalaureate nursing
      program. Participants included nursing school administrators, faculty, and
      students. Cultivating was the basic core process constructed that appeared to
      influence empowering and disempowering experiences in nursing education. Findings
      suggest collaborative efforts between nursing education and clinical practice are
      necessary.

PMID- 13677560
TI  - Measuring community benefits provided by nonprofit and for-profit HMOs.
AB  - Despite the dramatic shift from nonprofit to for-profit ownership in the managed
      care industry, little is known about the implications for health plans' relations
      with the communities in which they operate. This paper provides the first
      comprehensive comparison of the community benefit activities of nonprofit and for
      profit health maintenance organizations (HMOs). We develop a conceptual framework
      for identifying these activities and provide evidence from a nationally
      representative survey of plans fielded in 1999. We find that nonprofit plans
      exceed their for-profit counterparts on some, but not all, aspects of community
      benefit activity. The most consistent ownership-related differences involve
      redistributive programs (subsidized services and general philanthropy),
      commitments to medical research, and services that benefit the entire local
      population, beyond the plan's enrollees. Other forms of community benefits show
      mixed or modest differences between nonprofit and for-profit plans. Unexpectedly,
      for-profit plans actually appear more active in helping consumers deal with
      information asymmetries. The paper concludes with a discussion of implications
      for policy and future research.

PMID- 13677561
TI  - The ABCs of children's health care: how the Medicaid expansions affected access,
      burdens, and coverage between 1987 and 1996.
AB  - The Medicaid poverty expansions were among the major health policy initiatives of
      the late 1980s. This paper examines changes over a nine-year period in access,
      burdens, and coverage among children eligible for Medicaid through the
      expansions. Among eligible children, the Medicaid expansions reduced rates of
      uninsurance, increased access to physicians, and reduced families' risk of
      bearing a heavy financial burden. Gaps remain, however, and expansion-eligible
      children are more likely than never-eligible children to have been uninsured, to
      have gone without a physician office visit, and to have lived in a family that
      spent at least 20% of family income on medical care.

PMID- 13677562
TI  - The effects of CON repeal on Medicaid nursing home and long-term care
      expenditures.
AB  - Certificate-of-need (CON) and construction moratorium laws are used widely by
      states as a potential mechanism for constraining Medicaid nursing home
      expenditures. However, there is only limited empirical work examining whether
      these policies are effective at lowering Medicaid spending. Using aggregate state
      level data from 1981 through 1998, this study found that states that repealed
      their CON and moratorium laws had no significant growth in either nursing home or
      long-term care Medicaid expenditures. In the context of declining occupancy rates
      within the nursing home market, this study provides strong evidence that states
      have little to fear in terms of increased expenditures with the repeal of CON and
      moratorium laws.

PMID- 13677564
TI  - Demand for a Medicare prescription drug benefit: exploring consumer preferences
      under a managed competition framework.
AB  - Several proposals for adding a prescription drug benefit to the Medicare program
      rely on consumer choice and market forces to promote efficiency. However, little
      information exists regarding: 1) the extent of price sensitivity for such plans
      among Medicare beneficiaries, or 2) the extent to which drug-only insurance plans
      using various cost-control mechanisms might experience adverse selection. Using
      data from a survey of elderly Wisconsin residents regarding their likely choices
      from a menu of hypothetical drug plans, we show that respondents are likely to be
      price sensitive with respect to both premiums and out-of-pocket costs but that
      selection problems may arise in these markets. Outside intervention may be
      necessary to ensure the feasibility of a market-based approach to a Medicare drug
      benefit.

PMID- 13677563
TI  - Coverage gaps for Medicaid-eligible children in the wake of federal welfare
      reform.
AB  - Using data from the National Survey of America's Families, this paper examines
      insurance coverage changes for Medicaid-eligible citizen children between 1997
      and 1999, early in the implementation of federal welfare reform. More than 20
      million children qualified for Medicaid, but many were uninsured. Insurance
      coverage deteriorated for eligible children between 1997 and 1999, particularly
      for those who also qualified for cash assistance; this deterioration in coverage
      was largely due to dramatic declines in cash assistance participation. This paper
      shows that following federal welfare reform, states have faced new challenges
      reaching and enrolling the growing numbers of eligible children who are not
      connected with the welfare system.

PMID- 13677565
TI  - State variation in SCHIP allocations: how much is there, what are its sources,
      and can it be reduced?
AB  - Allocations for the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) varied 22%
      per state between 1999 and 2002. The funding fluctuations present significant
      problems for states as they develop budget priorities under difficult fiscal
      conditions. We examine sources of the variation in state allocations during the
      first four years of SCHIP, focusing on the Current Population Survey's "child
      component" of the allocation formula. We consider the trade-offs in using
      alternative estimates from the American Community Survey and model-based
      estimation. Obtaining reliable estimates of need for SCHIP allocations is
      critical for states dependent on federal support for insurance programs.

PMID- 13677566
TI  - Medical vulnerability in America: how does the health system respond?
AB  - This study explores the hypothesis that market change affects the medically
      vulnerable more than the non-medically vulnerable. Analysis of data measuring
      change between 1997 and 1999 indicates that access to care eroded for both
      groups, but no evidence emerges to suggest that the changes were systematically
      worse for the medically vulnerable. Paradoxically, some measures of satisfaction
      with actual care received improved between 1997 and 1999 for both groups of
      people. Recent market changes do not seem to pose extra special threats to the
      medically vulnerable. However, our findings reinforce the need to better
      coordinate and integrate services for the medically vulnerable and chronically
      ill.

PMID- 13677567
TI  - Movement disorders in children: definitions, classifications, and grading
      systems.
AB  - Disorders that affect movement in children are relatively common. However, they
      have received little attention, especially when compared with epilepsy and
      neuromuscular disorders. In this review article, we address the major types of
      movement disorders that affect children, their clinical characteristics and
      etiologies, and, when available, the scales used to grade them. A discussion on
      spasticity, which traditionally is not addressed in reviews of "movement
      disorders," is also included.

PMID- 13677568
TI  - Pathophysiology of pediatric movement disorders.
AB  - Pediatric movement disorders constitute a relatively small cluster of symptoms
      that can be associated with many different underlying diseases. To provide
      effective treatment, it is essential to understand the relationship between
      etiology and clinical expression. This article reviews the recent literature on
      several common pediatric movement disorders, including spasticity, dystonia,
      chorea, myoclonus, bradykinesia, and tics, and it discusses current models of
      physiology that may help link the cellular pathology of specific diseases to the
      expression of clinical symptoms.

PMID- 13677569
TI  - Neuroimaging in spasticity and movement disorders.
AB  - Advances in neuroimaging provide unique opportunities to evaluate brain
      structure, biochemistry, and function. Although a number of imaging techniques
      have been used in newborns, cranial ultrasonography in premature infants and
      nuclear magnetic resonance modalities, including magnetic resonance imaging and
      diffusion-weighted imaging, in high-risk term infants are of foremost benefit.
      Interpretation is based on knowledge of characteristic imaging findings in
      specific childhood neurologic disorders and an understanding of differential
      diagnosis in cerebral palsy syndromes, such as spastic diplegia and various
      subtypes of extrapyramidal cerebral palsy. This review focuses on imaging studies
      that can be effectively used in at-risk infants and in children with spasticity
      and movement disorders to refine diagnosis and guide therapeutic interventions.

PMID- 13677570
TI  - Oral pharmacotherapy of childhood movement disorders.
AB  - Movement disorders, a common problem in children with neurologic impairment, are
      receiving increasing clinical attention. The differences in movement disorders
      between adults and children are striking; presentation is frequently insidious
      and may be characterized by mild hypotonia. The clinical manifestations of
      extrapyramidal disorders are profoundly influenced by the age of onset. The
      conditions reviewed in this article are expressed clinically by the occurrence of
      abnormalities of movement and posture, often in association with disturbances of
      muscle tone. This article reviews empiric drug use and recommendations for
      childhood movement disorders.

PMID- 13677571
TI  - Injectable neuromuscular blockade in the treatment of spasticity and movement
      disorders.
AB  - Neuromuscular blockade via injection of alcohol, phenol, or botulinum toxin
      reduces the tone of overactive muscles in order to restore the appropriate
      balance between agonists and antagonists. Such a restoration allows improved
      stretch and increased resting length and can reduce the likelihood of
      contracture. Alcohol or phenol, injected onto the motor nerve, denatures proteins
      and promotes axonal degeneration. The onset of action is within hours, whereas
      the duration of action is variable, ranging from 2 weeks to 6 months and beyond.
      The advantages of alcohol or phenol chemodenervation lie in their low cost and
      lack of antigenicity. The disadvantages include the technical difficulty of the
      injections and significant risk for pain as a result of treatment. Botulinum
      toxins, purified forms of Clostridium botulinum exotoxins, are injected directly
      into muscle, where they cleave one or more vesicle fusion proteins, thus blocking
      release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction. Three commercial products
      -two of serotype A and one of B--are available. Each differs in its unit potency,
      side effects, and duration of action. On average, botulinum toxin has a clinical
      onset of action approximately 12 to 72 hours after injection, with a peak effect
      at 1 to 3 weeks. Effects then plateau for 1 to 2 months, with patients often
      requiring reinjection approximately every 3 months. Side effects may include
      local discomfort at the site of the injection and excessive weakness of the
      injected or nearby muscles, although more distant effects may occur. Antibody
      formation is a significant clinical concern and eventually obviates treatment
      benefit in approximately 5% of patients. Switching serotypes may be effective, at
      least temporarily. Consensus dosing guidelines have been developed and are
      presented within. Numerous studies have suggested that botulinum toxin has a role
      in the care of children with spasticity or dystonia related to cerebral palsy,
      and may improve equinus, gait, upper extremity use, comfort, and care. Evidence
      of functional improvement remains equivocal in the severely impaired child;
      however, there is evidence for improvement in less impaired children. The optimal
      candidate for injectable neuromuscular blockade is one who has a limited number
      of muscles that need treatment, who does not have fixed contracture, and who
      retains selective motor control. The ultimate goal of treatment for the
      hypertonic child is to maximize function, comfort, and independence. Hypertonia
      is only one aspect of the upper motoneuron syndrome, which includes both positive
      and negative symptoms. The treatment program, in which chemodenervation is only
      one tool, requires a multidisciplinary evaluation and individualized plan to
      address the whole patient.

PMID- 13677573
TI  - Rehabilitation approaches for children with cerebral palsy: overview.
AB  - This article reviews the use of the World Health Organization classification
      framework for assessing children and adolescents with cerebral palsy and the use
      of outcome measures as they relate to the International Classification of
      Functioning, Disability and Health. Various intervention philosophies and
      approaches are discussed, including the evidence to support their use with
      children with cerebral palsy. Therapists will be able to use this information to
      formulate an assessment plan, incorporate the use of outcome measures, and employ
      evidence-based intervention methods.

PMID- 13677572
TI  - Neurosurgical treatment of spasticity and other pediatric movement disorders.
AB  - For children whose spasticity and movement disorders are inadequately treated by
      oral medications and botulinum toxins, neurosurgical procedures are now available
      to effectively treat spasticity, tremor, and many cases of dystonia. Spastic
      diplegia can be treated with selective lumbar rhizotomies, which significantly
      decrease spasticity, increase range of motion, and improve Gross Motor Function
      Measure scores. Children with spastic quadriparesis and those with secondary
      dystonia can be treated with intrathecal baclofen, which diminishes both
      spasticity and dystonia and is associated with improved function and quality of
      life. Children with primary dystonia and those with tremor can be treated with
      deep brain stimulation of the internal globus pallidus and thalamus,
      respectively. Some children with chorea respond to deep brain stimulation. There
      are no effective neurosurgical treatments for athetosis or ataxia. The
      effectiveness of neurosurgical treatments of pediatric movement disorders has
      increased significantly in the past 15 years.

PMID- 13677574
TI  - Controversial treatment of spasticity: exploring alternative therapies for motor
      function in children with cerebral palsy.
AB  - The treatment and management of children with cerebral palsy is an ever-evolving
      story. In the past 20 years, a number of exciting innovations in treatment have
      expanded the opportunities to help children. At the same time, the field has
      experienced a remarkable proliferation of "alternative" therapies-approaches
      based on ideas about the biologic basis of neurodevelopmental disabilities and
      their management that differ considerably from conventional thinking in Western
      medicine. Professionals working with children with cerebral palsy and their
      families are frequently asked for an opinion about or even endorsement of these
      new and "promising" approaches to therapy. These can be very difficult to provide
      when the evidence is limited, peer-reviewed reports are scarce, and the primary
      source of information is the World Wide Web. The purposes of this article are to
      discuss briefly why it can be difficult to ascertain whether any treatment-
      conventional or alternative--does more harm than good, and to consider what rules
      of evidence can be applied to make a sound judgment about a new treatment. The
      article then discusses several current controversial alternative therapies,
      reviewing the available literature and offering a critical appraisal of each.
      Topics addressed include hyperbaric oxygen therapy, conductive education, the
      Adeli suit, and therapeutic (subthreshold) electrical stimulation because these
      approaches have been applied to children with cerebral palsy.

PMID- 13677575
TI  - Pathophysiology of Sturge-Weber syndrome.
AB  - Sturge-Weber syndrome is a neurocutaneous disorder classically presenting with a
      facial port-wine stain, vascular eye abnormalities, and an ipsilateral occipital
      leptomeningeal angioma. Children with Sturge-Weber syndrome often develop
      progressive neurologic problems. Data on the pathophysiology of Sturge-Weber
      syndrome are briefly reviewed. The embryologic, genetic, and pathologic
      considerations are discussed, as are theories regarding the mechanisms of the
      degenerative brain changes. Sturge-Weber syndrome likely results from an early
      embryologic malformation of vascular development affecting the development of the
      nearby skin, eye, and brain structures. Studies suggest that complex molecular
      interactions contribute to the abnormal development and function of blood vessels
      in Sturge-Weber syndrome. Neurologic deterioration in Sturge-Weber syndrome is
      likely secondary to impaired blood flow to the brain and is worsened by the
      presence of seizures. Insights from related areas are discussed, and future
      research studies are suggested.

PMID- 13677576
TI  - Hyperkinetic seizures in children.
AB  - The objective of this study was to delineate the clinical and video
      electroencephalographic (EEG) manifestations of children with complex partial
      seizures with a predominant "hyperkinetic" presentation. Certain types of partial
      seizures can be difficult to differentiate from nonepileptic seizures because of
      their intense motor presentation and, at times, lack of alteration of
      consciousness. Based on a published semiologic seizure classification, this type
      of seizures can be described as "hyperkinetic," characterized by intense motor
      activity involving the extremities and trunk. We report five children diagnosed
      with hyperkinetic seizures by video-EEG monitoring. All patients were referred
      for video-EEG evaluation because of an initial suspicion of pseudoseizures.
      Presented in this study is a review of the patients' clinical data, including
      video-EEG evaluation. There were three boys and two girls; the mean age at
      presentation was 10 +/- 3 years. In four patients, there was a history of
      behavioral disorder, with two patients carrying a diagnosis of attention-deficit
      hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). One girl had significant developmental delay and
      an abnormal neurologic examination. Brain magnetic resonance imaging was normal
      in three patients and abnormal in two. The semiology of the seizures consisted of
      stereotypic intense motor activity, mainly upper extremity flailing and kicking.
      Screaming and shouting were noted in three cases, and intense fear was present in
      two patients. The hyperkinetic ictal activity progressed to tonic-clonic seizures
      in two patients. Seizures occurred out of sleep or on awakening in four patients.
      The interictal EEG activity was normal in one patient and revealed a continuous
      generalized slowing and slowing of the posterior dominant rhythm in two patients.
      One of the latter patients had interictal epileptiform activity in the frontal
      and midline regions. An intermittent rhythmic slow activity of the left
      hemisphere with superimposed bifrontal sharp waves was noted in the fifth
      patient. The ictal EEG revealed profuse superimposed electromyographic (EMG)
      activity in all patients, making some of the EEG interpretation difficult to
      analyze, particularly a longitudinal bipolar montage. However, with digital
      manipulation of the ictal EEG data, such as changes in EEG sensitivity,
      application of fast frequency filters, and use of different EEG montages, it was
      possible to discern an ictal EEG pattern or postictal slowing following the
      diffuse EMG artifact in all patients. On clinical follow-up, adequate seizure
      control was achieved in three patients. Based on the clinical history, one
      patient was diagnosed with autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy.
      Diagnosis of hyperkinetic seizures can be difficult because of the similarity of
      the clinical manifestations with nonepileptic events such as certain parasomnias
      and pseudoseizures. Video-EEG is the most effective way of diagnosing this type
      of seizure.

PMID- 13677577
TI  - Clinical correlates of frontal intermittent rhythmic delta activity in children.
AB  - Frontal intermittent rhythmic delta activity is an electrographic pattern of
      unclear origin. Previously thought to correlate with deep midline and
      infratentorial pathology, rather, it appears to be associated with encephalopathy
      states in adults. The significance of frontal intermittent rhythmic delta
      activity in children has not been studied. We analyzed the electrographic
      characteristics and clinical associations of pediatric frontal intermittent
      rhythmic delta activity. This pattern was rarely detected, occurring in 20 of
      1500 electroencephalographic (EEG) studies. Patients' ages ranged between 1.5 and
      17 years. Most patients were awake and showed no signs of acute encephalopathy
      when frontal intermittent rhythmic delta activity occurred. Half of the children
      were cognitively impaired, and half had a history of epilepsy. Epileptiform
      activity was present in 55% of the EEG recordings. However, frontal intermittent
      rhythmic delta activity was part of the epileptiform discharge in only a minority
      of cases. The duration of frontal intermittent rhythmic delta activity bursts was
      longer in the mentally retarded group. Most patients did not have structural
      brain pathology. None had deep midline or infratentorial lesions. In conclusion,
      frontal intermittent rhythmic delta activity is rare in children, is not
      associated with acute encephalopathy or with deep midline or infratentorial
      lesions, and tends to occur during wakefulness. The electrographic
      characteristics of frontal intermittent rhythmic delta activity appear to differ
      between cognitively normal and mentally retarded children.

PMID- 13677578
TI  - Independent walking after neonatal arterial ischemic stroke and sinovenous
      thrombosis.
AB  - Few studies have examined walking after neonatal arterial ischemic stroke and
      sinovenous thrombosis. We looked at the development of walking in a retrospective
      and consecutive cohort study of 88 term and near-term neonates. We used Kaplan
      Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards models to assess (1) sex, (2)
      stroke type (arterial ischemic stroke or sinovenous thrombosis), (3) number of
      cerebral hemispheres with infarction, and (4) presence of neonatal comorbidity as
      predictors of the probability over time of starting to walk independently. These
      variables were assessed as predictors of parent-reported gait normality using the
      chi-square test on 2 x 2 contingency tables. Seventy-five of 83 survivors (90.4%,
      95% confidence interval = 81.9-95.7) walked with a median time of first steps at
      13 months of age (95% confidence interval = 12-14). Only bilateral strokes were
      associated with a lower probability over time of initiating independent walking
      (hazard ratio = 0.41, P = .04). Parents reported normal gait for 58 of 75 walkers
      (77.3%, 95% confidence interval = 67.8-86.8). No variables predicted parent
      reported gait normality. Our findings suggest that most survivors of neonatal
      arterial ischemic stroke and sinovenous thrombosis walk with a gait that appears
      normal to parents, but bilateral infarctions decrease the probability over time
      of starting to walk independently.

PMID- 13677579
TI  - Role of gabapentin in spinal muscular atrophy: results of a multicenter,
      randomized Italian study.
AB  - Recent studies suggest that gabapentin has a neuroprotective effect in
      experimental models of motoneuron disease. We carried out a multicenter,
      randomized, controlled trial of gabapentin versus no treatment in 120 patients
      with type II or III spinal muscular atrophy for 12 months. We assessed maximum
      voluntary isometric contraction with a handheld myometer and calculated an arm
      megascore (summing elbow flexion, hand grip, and three-point pinch scores), and a
      leg megascore (summing knee flexion, knee extension, and foot extension scores).
      Forced vital capacity and timed tasks were also evaluated. Arm megascore improved
      by at least 30% in 24.6% of treated and 16.9% of untreated patients (relative
      risk = 1.45; 95% confidence interval = 0.71-2.97). The leg megascore improved by
      at least 30% in 37.7% of treated and 20.3% of untreated patients (relative risk =
      1.85; 95% confidence interval = 1.02-3.37). We conclude that gabapentin produced
      a significant improvement in leg megascore at 6 months, which was more evident at
      12 months, with a trend for improvement in arm megascore at 12 months. The
      treatment had no effect on forced vital capacity or timed functional tests.

PMID- 13677580
TI  - Brain single photon emission computed tomographic evaluation of patients with
      childhood absence epilepsy.
AB  - This study was performed to determine the utility of 99mTc
      hexamethylpropylenamine oxime (HMPAO) brain single photon emission computed
      tomography (SPECT) in evaluating patients with childhood absence epilepsy. Twenty
      three patients (13 female, 10 male), aged 7 to 15 years (mean age 10.3 +/- 2.2),
      were studied. All patients underwent a detailed neurologic examination,
      interictal and ictal electroencephalography (EEG), computed tomography, and/or
      magnetic resonance imaging, and SPECT. The baseline study was performed during
      the interictal period and the activation study was performed on a separate day
      while the patients were having seizures provoked by hyperventilation. Their EEGs
      were monitored at the same time. Transaxial, sagittal, and coronal slices were
      obtained for both studies. The mean counts per pixel were calculated on 11
      regions of interest on three representative transaxial slices. Count density was
      calculated for each region. Region-to-occipital cortex ratios were obtained. For
      each region, normalized ratios were used to obtain a side-to-side percent
      asymmetry index between baseline and activation studies. Visual interpretation of
      the baseline study showed that 10 of the 23 patients had a detectable abnormality
      in regional cerebral blood flow during the interictal period. These abnormalities
      consisted of relative hypoperfusion in the frontal lobes that could involve
      neighboring parietal and temporal regions. The activation study revealed that 13
      of 23 patients had relative hyperperfusion in these brain regions that were
      relatively hypoperfused in the baseline study. These hyperperfused regions
      occupied larger areas than baseline hypoperfused regions. All patients had global
      increased perfusion in the ictal study. The side-to-side asymmetry indexes for
      these visually interpreted regional cerebral blood flow abnormalities ranged from
      2 to 6%. The relatively consistent pattern of frontal regional cerebral blood
      flow alterations suggests that altered frontal lobe functions can be implicated
      in patients with childhood absence epilepsy.

PMID- 13677581
TI  - Favorable seizure outcome in Kabuki make-up syndrome associated with epilepsy.
AB  - Kabuki make-up syndrome is a mental retardation-malformation syndrome affecting
      multiple organ systems, with a broad spectrum of neuromuscular dysfunction and
      mental ability. The incidence of seizures associated with this syndrome ranges
      from 10 to 40%. However, details of the seizures in this syndrome have not been
      adequately reported or thoroughly evaluated. In this study, we analyzed seizure
      characteristics and clinical outcomes in nine patients with Kabuki make-up
      syndrome. Four patients had generalized seizures and two patients had complex
      partial seizures, extended to secondary generalized seizures. West's syndrome,
      complex partial seizure, and atonic seizure were seen in one case each,
      respectively. Electroencephalograms showed focal spikes in seven cases, diffuse
      spike and wave burst in one case, and hypsarrhythmia in one case. Seizures were
      well controlled in eight cases and incompletely controlled in only one case.
      Together with mental retardation, epilepsy can be a primary feature of Kabuki
      make-up syndrome. Epilepsy associated with Kabuki make-up syndrome is mainly
      localization-related epilepsy with a favorable seizure outcome.

PMID- 13677582
TI  - Serum carnitine levels during oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine monotherapies in
      children with epilepsy.
AB  - Prolonged antiepilepsy drug treatment can result in secondary carnitine
      deficiency. The effect of oxcarbazepine on carnitine metabolism has not been
      reported previously. In this study, serum concentrations of total and free
      carnitine were measured in 20 children with epilepsy treated with oxcarbazepine
      monotherapy and were compared with 20 children with epilepsy who were taking
      carbamazepine as monotherapy. The assays were performed between 3 and 6 months of
      anticonvulsant treatment. The mean values of serum total and free carnitine
      levels in patients receiving carbamazepine monotherapy were 63.0 +/- 20.7
      micromol/L and 49.1 +/- 16.7 micromol/L, respectively. The mean values of serum
      total and free carnitine levels in patients receiving oxcarbazepine monotherapy
      were 64.2 +/- 17.4 micromol/L and 50.3 +/- 13.7 micromol/L, respectively. The
      values were all between normal ranges. No significant difference was observed in
      the level of total and free carnitine levels between the two groups. Our results
      suggest that neither oxcarbazepine nor carbamazepine as monotherapy causes
      carnitine deficiency in otherwise healthy children with primary idiopathic
      epilepsy.

PMID- 13677583
TI  - Children and adolescents with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder: 1.
      Prevalence and cost of care.
AB  - The objective of this study was to use population-based data to estimate the
      prevalence and cost of treatment for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
      (ADHD). The North Dakota Department of Health Claims Database was used to
      estimate the administrative prevalence, annual cost of care per case, and total
      annual cost of care for subjects with ADHD compared with controls. The case
      population was 7745, and the mean prevalence rate was 3.9%, with a peak
      prevalence at 10 years of age. For children with ADHD, the annual cost of care
      was 649 dollars compared with that of controls at 495 dollars. Cost of care
      attributable to ADHD was 649 dollars - 495 dollars = 54 dollars (31%).
      Utilization by children with ADHD with publicly funded payers was increased 25 to
      175% over that of children with privately funded coverage. In North Dakota, the
      annual cost of care for children with ADHD was 5.1 million dollars, 5.6% of all
      health care costs for children. The annual attributable cost of care was 1.79
      million dollars. Thus, 1.9% of total health expenditures for children was
      attributable to ADHD. In the United States, the cost of care attributable to
      children with ADHD would be 2.15 billion dollars annually.

PMID- 13677584
TI  - Folinic acid-responsive seizures presenting as breakthrough seizures in a 3-month
      old boy.
AB  - Neonatal seizures associated with white-matter changes on neuroimaging suggest an
      etiology of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Metabolic and idiopathic etiologies
      are also considerations but are less likely. Despite the fact that two disorders
      associated with neonatal seizures are diagnosed by cerebrospinal fluid
      neurotransmitter analysis, such an analysis is not standard in the work-up for
      idiopathic neonatal seizures. We describe an infant who had a prolonged delivery,
      seizures on the first day of life, and white-matter changes on neuroimaging. A
      progressive seizure disorder that was refractory to standard antiepilepsy
      medications developed at 2 months of age. Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid
      neurotransmitters at that time demonstrated a pattern consistent with folinic
      acid-responsive seizures. Seizures ceased 24 hours after starting folinic acid.
      Serial neuroimaging, electroencephalograms, and metabolic changes from this
      patient are presented. This case illustrates the importance of cerebrospinal
      fluid neurotransmitter analysis as part of the work-up for idiopathic neonatal
      seizures.

PMID- 13677585
TI  - Acute necrotizing encephalopathy associated with parainfluenza virus in a
      Caucasian child.
AB  - Acute necrotizing encephalopathy is a severe parainfectious disorder with a clear
      racial predilection for Oriental children living in the Far East. The prognosis
      was originally reported as grave; however, a mild form of the disease has
      recently been described. A case of parainfluenza virus-associated acute
      necrotizing encephalopathy in a Caucasian child with a mild clinical course and
      excellent prognosis is presented. In this patient, the initial clinical picture
      was not very impressive, and the diagnosis was delayed until the third week of
      the illness, when neuroimaging was performed. Two months later, clinical and
      neuroimaging findings had almost completely resolved. Suggested criteria for a
      benign prognosis, such as normal liver function and cerebrospinal fluid protein
      levels, asymmetric thalamic lesions, and no brainstem involvement, were relevant
      in the present case. An extended diagnostic work-up for metabolic, vascular,
      coagulation, and infectious diseases was negative apart from a seroconversion for
      parainfluenza virus. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of acute
      necrotizing encephalopathy associated with parainfluenza virus infection. Acute
      necrotizing encephalopathy, especially in the mild form, might not be fully
      recognized and could be underdiagnosed in Europe, where the reported incidence of
      the syndrome is very low.

PMID- 13677586
TI  - Trigeminal myokymia in a young girl.
AB  - Myokymia results from complex bursts of repetitive discharges of a motor unit
      typically attributable to a demyelinating condition. We report a 12-year-old girl
      with unilateral trigeminal myokymia who presented with involuntary jaw movements.
      Electromyography demonstrated unilateral rhythmic myokymic discharges in the left
      masseter and temporalis muscles at a rate of 3.5 Hz. Abnormal jaw movements
      spontaneously resolved over 8 months without treatment or residual deficits. The
      pathophysiology of myokymic discharges is discussed.

PMID- 13677587
TI  - Juvenile-onset Leigh syndrome with an acute polyneuropathy at presentation.
AB  - Subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy or Leigh syndrome can be associated with
      a polyneuropathy. By far, the most commonly encountered neuropathy is a chronic
      neuropathy with features of demyelination, which can be the presenting
      manifestation of Leigh syndrome. On rare occasions, the neuropathy encountered
      can represent a more acute process. We describe a rare case of juvenile-onset
      Leigh syndrome presenting with an acute polyneuropathy.

PMID- 13677588
TI  - Hydration: issues for the 21st century.
AB  - Historically, hydration research reflected critical issues of the day. War,
      illness, surviving a shipwreck or time in the dessert, supplying fall-out
      shelters, and space exploration drove hydration research in the first half of the
      20th century. The fitness revolution of the 1970s spurred research on dehydration
      in physically active people and athletes. The 1990s introduced the "fluid/disease
      relationship." What will be the driving force behind hydration research in the
      21st century? Where are the gaps in our knowledge? This review provides an
      overview of issues pertinent to determining future directions in hydration
      research.

PMID- 13677589
TI  - Mechanisms of action of dietary fatty acids in regulating the activation of
      vascular endothelial cells during atherogenesis.
AB  - Dietary long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from fish oil appear to be
      clearly efficient in regulating endothelial dysfunction (or activation), which is
      the first stage of atherogenesis. Studies on endothelial cells in vitro have
      shown that the main dietary PUFA and oleic acid may prevent endothelium
      activation either by inhibiting the expression of adhesion molecules or by
      improving the nitric oxide production. Saturated fatty acids and also linoleic
      acid do not inhibit endothelium activation. The mechanisms involved in this
      inhibition could be related to endothelial cell membrane characteristics or redox
      status. However, these findings need to be confirmed in vivo.

PMID- 13677590
TI  - Vitamin A, beta-carotene, and mother-to-child transmission of HIV.
AB  - The role of maternal vitamin A supplements in decreasing the risk of mother-to
      child HIV transmission has been examined in sub-Saharan Africa. Overall, there is
      no reduction in either mortality or HIV transmission in two recent studies.
      Contrary to expectations, one study reported an increased risk of transmission
      using vitamin A plus beta-carotene supplements.

PMID- 13677591
TI  - Retinoids and epigenetic silencing in cancer.
AB  - An epigenetic event alters the activity of genes without changing their
      structure. Methylation reactions are important mediators of epigenetic events in
      cells. Two recent studies have established a mechanistic link between a vitamin A
      metabolite and epigenetic alterations of its target promoter that could provide
      insights about the role of vitamin A in cancer prevention.

PMID- 13677592
TI  - Adiponectin: a regulator of energy homeostasis.
AB  - Adiponectin, a protein produced exclusively in adipose tissue, occurs in serum in
      relatively high concentration. Its concentration is decreased in obese and in
      type 2 diabetic humans. When administered to mice, it enhances insulin
      sensitivity and glucose tolerance, and appears to increase free fatty acid
      oxidation in muscle. Adiponectin is likely to be involved in the regulation of
      energy homeostasis.

PMID- 13677593
TI  - Good communication skills key to success.

PMID- 13677594
TI  - An ethicist's commentary on the elastrator for older bulls.

PMID- 13677595
TI  - An evaluation of the analgesic effects of meloxicam in addition to epidural
      morphine/mepivacaine in dogs undergoing cranial cruciate ligament repair.
AB  - The analgesic efficacy of an epidural morphine/mepivacaine combination alone
      versus epidural morphine/mepivacaine in combination with meloxicam administered
      prior to the onset of anesthesia was assessed in 20 dogs undergoing cranial
      cruciate ligament repair. Numerical and visual analog pain scores were performed
      prior to anesthesia and at 6, 8, 12, 16, and 24 hours after epidural
      administration by a trained observer, blinded to treatment. An analgesiometer was
      used to determine the amount of pressure required to produce an avoidance
      response at the incision site. Animals that received meloxicam demonstrated a
      trend toward decreased pain scores over all time periods. Visual analog pain
      scores tended to be lower in dogs receiving meloxicam across all time periods,
      with a significant interaction between time and visual analog score at 6 and 8
      hours (P < 0.05). No dogs receiving meloxicam required rescue analgesia, while 3
      of 10 dogs in the epidural only group required rescue analgesia. Administration
      of meloxicam in addition to epidural morphine plus mepivacaine conveys improved
      analgesia as compared with epidural alone. Postoperative analgesia is reliably
      maintained for 24 hours following administration.

PMID- 13677596
TI  - Relationship between group A porcine rotavirus and management practices in swine
      herds in Ontario.
AB  - A case-control epidemiological study was conducted to determine whether an
      increased diagnostic rate for group A rotavirus in swine herds in Ontario was
      associated with specific management factors. The number of new herds tested per
      year and the proportion of new positive herds increased between 1994 and 1997.
      Herd size was larger and weaning age was younger in rotavirus-positive herds
      compared with rotavirus-negative herds. Pigs raised in all-in all-out nurseries
      were 3.4 times more likely to have a positive group A rotavirus diagnosis than
      pigs in continuous flow facilities. This study demonstrates that the changes seen
      in group A rotavirus disease herd status in Ontario are associated with changes
      in farm management practices, including farm expansion, early weaning, and all-in
      all-out production.

PMID- 13677597
TI  - [Feline asthma...a disease that cuts your breath].
AB  - Feline asthma is characterized by the presence of inflammation and
      bronchoconstriction. The diagnosis is based on history-taking, clinical and
      radiographic signs, bronchoalveolar lavage, and response to therapy. Treatment
      focuses primarily on eliminating the inflammation and reversing
      bronchoconstriction. This article contains an analysis of new therapeutic
      avenues, including inhalers.

PMID- 13677598
TI  - Cerebellar abiotrophy in a miniature schnauzer.
AB  - A 3.5-month-old miniature schnauzer was presented for signs of progressive
      cerebellar ataxia. Necropsy revealed cerebellar abiotrophy. This is the first
      reported case of cerebellar abiotrophy in a purebred miniature schnauzer.

PMID- 13677599
TI  - Vaccine-associated fibrosarcoma in a cat.
AB  - An 8-year-old, spayed, female domestic shorthair was diagnosed with a vaccine
      associated fibrosarcoma and treated with full course radiation therapy,
      aggressive surgery, and postoperative chemotherapy. Histopathologic examination
      confirmed that excision of the tumor was complete. The cat was doing well 278
      days after initial presentation.

PMID- 13677600
TI  - Bilateral exophthalmos in a Holstein cow with lymphosarcoma.
AB  - A 4-year-old Holstein cow presented with severe bilateral exophthalmos. A
      complete blood cell count revealed late stage lymphoma; the agar gel
      immunodiffusion test for enzootic bovine leukosis was positive. The cow was
      euthanized 1 wk after presentation. Necropsy revealed generalized lymphadenopathy
      and tumors in most organs. Final diagnosis was lymphosarcoma.

PMID- 13677601
TI  - Nonambulatory livestock transport: the need for consensus.

PMID- 13677602
TI  - The mysterious dysplastic elbow.

PMID- 13677603
TI  - Practitioner-client communication: when goals conflict.

PMID- 13677604
TI  - What's in a name?

PMID- 13677605
TI  - Dracunculosis in a German shepherd dog.

PMID- 13677606
TI  - Punishment in human choice: direct or competitive suppression?
AB  - This investigation compared the predictions of two models describing the
      integration of reinforcement and punishment effects in operant choice. Deluty's
      (1976) competitive-suppression model (conceptually related to two-factor
      punishment theories) and de Villiers' (1980) direct-suppression model
      (conceptually related to one-factor punishment theories) have been tested
      previously in nonhumans but not at the individual level in humans. Mouse clicking
      by college students was maintained in a two-alternative concurrent schedule of
      variable-interval money reinforcement. Punishment consisted of variable-interval
      money losses. Experiment 1 verified that money loss was an effective punisher in
      this context. Experiment 2 consisted of qualitative model comparisons similar to
      those used in previous studies involving nonhumans. Following a no-punishment
      baseline, punishment was superimposed upon both response alternatives. Under
      schedule values for which the direct-suppression model, but not the competitive
      suppression model, predicted distinct shifts from baseline performance, or vice
      versa, 12 of 14 individual-subject functions, generated by 7 subjects, supported
      the direct-suppression model. When the punishment models were converted to the
      form of the generalized matching law, least-squares linear regression fits for a
      direct-suppression model were superior to those of a competitive-suppression
      model for 6 of 7 subjects. In Experiment 3, a more thorough quantitative test of
      the modified models, fits for a direct-suppression model were superior in 11 of
      13 cases. These results correspond well to those of investigations conducted with
      nonhumans and provide the first individual-subject evidence that a direct
      suppression model, evaluated both qualitatively and quantitatively, describes
      human punishment better than a competitive-suppression model. We discuss
      implications for developing better punishment models and future investigations of
      punishment in human choice.

PMID- 13677607
TI  - Discrimination of direction of movements in pigeons following previous experience
      of motion/static discrimination.
AB  - Two experiments examined pigeons' discrimination of directional movement using
      pictorial images shown on computer monitors. Stimuli consisted of the movement of
      a bird against a stationary background or the movement of the background behind a
      stationary bird. In Experiment 1, pigeons were trained to discriminate either
      leftward or rightward motion of either the bird or the background from stationary
      frames drawn from the same movies. The background-discrimination group acquired
      the discrimination faster than the bird-discrimination group. In Experiment 2,
      transfer of the discrimination from the task of Experiment 1 to a discrimination
      between motion directions was examined. Most of the pigeons learned this
      discrimination rapidly, whereas in a pilot study in which direction
      discrimination was trained without previous static/movement discrimination,
      learning was poor. It appears that an experimental history of movement against
      stationary discrimination promoted the pigeons' learning of the directional
      motion discrimination.

PMID- 13677608
TI  - Economic and biological influences on key pecking and treadle pressing in
      pigeons.
AB  - Pigeons were studied on a two-component multiple schedule in which the required
      operant was, in different conditions, biologically relevant (i.e., key pecking)
      or nonbiologically relevant (i.e., treadle pressing). Responding was reinforced
      on a variable-interval (VI) 2-min schedule in both components. In separate
      phases, additional food was delivered on a variable-time (VT) 15-s schedule
      (response independent) or a VI 15-s schedule (response dependent) in one of the
      components. The addition of response-independent food had different effects on
      responding depending on the operant response and on the frequency with which the
      components alternated. When components alternated frequently (every 10 s), all
      pigeons keypecked at a much higher rate during the component with the additional
      food deliveries, whether response dependent or independent. In comparison,
      treadle pressing was elevated only when the additional food was response
      dependent; rate of treadling was lower when the additional food was response
      independent. When components alternated infrequently (every 20 min), pigeons key
      pecked at high rates at points of transition into the component with the
      additional food deliveries. Rate of key pecking decreased with time spent in the
      20-min component when the additional food was response independent, whereas rate
      of pecking remained elevated in that component when the additional food was
      response dependent. Under otherwise identical test conditions, rate of treadle
      pressing varied only as a function of its relative rate of response-dependent
      reinforcement. Delivery of response-independent food thus had different, but
      predictable, effects on responding depending on which operant was being studied,
      suggesting that animal-learning procedures can be integrated with biological
      considerations without the need to propose constraints that limit general laws of
      learning.

PMID- 13677609
TI  - Human risky choice under temporal constraints: tests of an energy-budget model.
AB  - Risk-sensitive foraging models predict that choice between fixed and variable
      food delays should be influenced by an organism's energy budget. To investigate
      whether the predictions of these models could be extended to choice in humans,
      risk sensitivity in 4 adults was investigated under laboratory conditions
      designed to model positive and negative energy budgets. Subjects chose between
      fixed and variable trial durations with the same mean value. An energy
      requirement was modeled by requiring that five trials be completed within a
      limited time period for points delivered at the end of the period (block of
      trials) to be exchanged later for money. Manipulating the duration of this time
      period generated positive and negative earnings budgets (or, alternatively, "time
      budgets"). Choices were consistent with the predictions of energy-budget models:
      The fixed-delay option was strongly preferred under positive earnings-budget
      conditions and the variable-delay option was strongly preferred under negative
      earnings-budget conditions. Within-block (or trial-by-trial) choices were also
      frequently consistent with the predictions of a dynamic optimization model,
      indicating that choice was simultaneously sensitive to the temporal requirements,
      delays associated with fixed and variable choices on the upcoming trial,
      cumulative delays within the block of trials, and trial position within a block.

PMID- 13677610
TI  - The effect of reinforcer delays on the form of the forgetting function.
AB  - Pigeons were trained in a matching-to-sample procedure with retention intervals
      of 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 s mixed within each session. In different conditions,
      reinforcement was delayed by 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, or 8 s from correct choice responses.
      Discriminability decreased with increasing retention-interval duration and with
      increasing reinforcer delay. Exponential forgetting functions were fitted to
      discriminability measures plotted as a function of retention interval. Initial
      discriminability (intercept of the fitted functions) decreased with increasing
      reinforcer delay. Rate of forgetting (slope of the fitted functions) increased
      with reinforcer delay, suggesting an interaction between the effects of
      reinforcer delay and retention interval. The data were well described by
      multiplying an exponential function describing the effects of retention interval
      by a hyperbolic function describing the effect of reinforcer delay. This
      description included an interaction term that allowed for a greater effect of
      reinforcer delay at longer retention intervals.

PMID- 13677611
TI  - Every reinforcer counts: reinforcer magnitude and local preference.
AB  - Six pigeons were trained on concurrent variable-interval schedules. Sessions
      consisted of seven components, each lasting 10 reinforcers, with the conditions
      of reinforcement differing between components. The component sequence was
      randomly selected without replacement. In Experiment 1, the concurrent-schedule
      reinforcer ratios in components were all equal to 1.0, but across components
      reinforcer-magnitude ratios varied from 1:7 through 7:1. Three different overall
      reinforcer rates were arranged across conditions. In Experiment 2, the reinforcer
      rate ratios varied across components from 27:1 to 1:27, and the reinforcer
      magnitude ratios for each alternative were changed across conditions from 1:7 to
      7:1. The results of Experiment 1 replicated the results for changing reinforcer
      rate ratios across components reported by Davison and Baum (2000, 2002):
      Sensitivity to reinforcer-magnitude ratios increased with increasing numbers of
      reinforcers in components. Sensitivity to magnitude ratio, however, fell short of
      sensitivity to reinforcer-rate ratio. The degree of carryover from component to
      component depended on the reinforcer rate. Larger reinforcers produced larger and
      longer postreinforcer preference pulses than did smaller reinforcers. Similar
      results were found in Experiment 2, except that sensitivity to reinforcer
      magnitude was considerably higher and was greater for magnitudes that differed
      more from one another. Visit durations following reinforcers measured either as
      number of responses emitted or time spent responding before a changeover were
      longer following larger than following smaller reinforcers, and were longer
      following sequences of same reinforcers than following other sequences. The
      results add to the growing body of research that informs model building at local
      levels.

PMID- 13677612
TI  - Equivalence relations in individuals with language limitations and mental
      retardation.
AB  - The study of equivalence relations exhibited by individuals with mental
      retardation and language limitations holds the promise of providing information
      of both theoretical and practical significance. We reviewed the equivalence
      literature with this population, defined in terms of subjects having moderate,
      severe, or profound mental retardation. The literature includes 55 such
      individuals, most of whom showed positive outcomes on equivalence tests. The
      results to date suggest that naming skills are not necessary for positive
      equivalence test outcomes. Thus far, however, relatively few subjects with
      minimal language have been studied. Moreover, we suggest that the scientific
      contributions of studies in this area would be enhanced with better documentation
      of language skills and other subject characteristics. With recent advances in
      laboratory procedures for establishing the baseline performances necessary for
      equivalence tests, this research area is poised for rapid growth.

PMID- 13677613
TI  - Validation of a simple avidin-biotin detection method for Helix pomatia lectin
      (HPA) binding as a prognostic marker in cancer.
AB  - Helix pomatia lectin (HPA) binding is a marker of metastatic competence in
      several human cancers. The altered cellular glycosylation detected by HPA is of
      clinical interest and functional significance, but research has been hampered by
      uncertainty over appropriate and accessible histochemical methods. Most studies
      have employed a complex multi-layered detection system localising binding of
      unconjugated HPA by layering with a polyclonal antibody to HPA, a biotinylated
      secondary antibody against the first antibody and streptavidin peroxidase. This
      detection system is sensitive and yields accurate prognostic information, but is
      lengthy and requires antibodies against HPA that are not widely available. A
      simpler technique, that uses peroxidase-labelled HPA is inappropriate as the
      carbohydrate-combining characteristics of the lectin are altered, and the
      prognostic significance of lectin binding is lost. Therefore a valid alternative,
      simple and accessible technique is required. In the present study, we compare the
      results of labelling of HPA binding using the complex multi-layered detection
      system with a simple avidin-biotin method. In a series of 101 breast cancers,
      both methods gave comparable results. Therefore, the avidin-biotin method appears
      to be appropriate for studies on HPA binding to detect altered glycoforms in
      cancer. It is hoped that its adoption may encourage research into this clinically
      significant alteration in cellular glycosylation.

PMID- 13677614
TI  - Syndecan-1/CD138 expression in normal myeloid, acute lymphoblastic and
      myeloblastic leukemia cells.
AB  - Stabilization of cell surface antigens and preservation of ultrastructural
      integrity are important aspects of immunoelectron microscopical studies. In the
      present study, 4 anti-syndecan-1/CD138 (B-B2, B-B4, MI15, 1D4) monoclonal
      antibodies (mAbs) were applied in combination with periodatelysine
      paraformaldehyde (PLP) fixation and indirect pre-embedding peroxidase electron
      microscopical immunocytochemistry to analyse the localization and function of
      these molecules in normal myeloid cells, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells
      and acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) cells. One case of normal human bone
      marrow, 3 cases of untreated AML and 2 cases of untreated ALL were studied.
      Samples were immediately fixed for 4 h in freshly-prepared PLP fixative in 0.037
      mol/L phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, containing 10 mmol/L sodium metaperiodate, 75
      mmol/L lysine, and 2% paraformaldehyde. Expression of syndecan-1 was found at the
      plasma membrane of all cell types. Staining intensity at the membrane of AML
      cells was stronger than that on the membrane of normal myeloid and ALL cells. We
      conclude that anti-syndecan-1/CD138 mAbs in combination with the method described
      here are a suitable tool for detection of cell surface syndecan molecules in
      cells originating from progenitor cells that can differentiate in both myeloid
      and lymphoid cells.

PMID- 13677615
TI  - Beta1-integrin and IL-1alpha expression as bystander effect of medium from
      irradiated cells: the pilot study.
AB  - Bystander effects have been proposed as a third action pathway of ionising
      radiation besides direct and indirect effects. The purpose of the study was to
      investigate whether expression of interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) and beta1
      integrin is elevated in bystander cells as a marker for bystander effects in
      comparison with classical markers such as the clonogenic assay, apoptosis and the
      presence of micronuclei. The hybrid cell line E.A. hy.926 obtained by fusion of
      HUVEC cells with the epithelial cell line A 459 was irradiated with 0-5 Gy.
      Bystander effects were established via medium transfer at 45 min and 4 h after
      irradiation from irradiated to nonirradiated cell populations. In order to
      exclude effects of the irradiated medium itself, irradiated medium only was also
      used for transfer to nonirradiated cells. Then, cells were fixed at 1, 2, 6, and
      24 h after irradiation or medium transport and IL-1alpha and beta1-integrin were
      detected and evaluated. A higher number of beta1-integrin-positive cells was
      observed in both irradiated and bystander cell populations than in the control
      group at 1 and 24 h after irradiation with 1 Gy or medium transfer. Significantly
      higher numbers of IL-1alpha-positive cells were found at 1, 2, and 6 h after
      irradiation with 1 Gy or medium transfer as well as at 2 and 6 h after
      irradiation with 5 Gy or medium transfer. Clonogenic survival decreased
      dependently on the dose in irradiated cells but did not show any significant
      difference between the bystander cell populations and sham-irradiated cells. The
      irradiated medium itself did not have any effect. It is concluded that beta1
      integrin and IL-1alpha expression may serve as more sensitive markers of post
      irradiation responses in bystander cell populations than the classical
      radiobiological markers. Moreover, overexpression of beta1-integrin and IL-1alpha
      may induce increased susceptibility to inflammation of bystander cells.

PMID- 13677616
TI  - ILA 147 immunoreactivity of the bull spermatozoa membrane during epididymal
      maturation.
AB  - A cytochemical quantitative study was carried out to detect immunostaining of
      bull spermatozoa during epididymal maturation using an ILA 147 monoclonal
      antibody and a standard immunoperoxidase method. This antibody recognizes a
      bovine panleukocyte determinant. Microdensitometric measurements were made on
      spermatozoa collected from different sites of the male genital tract (caput,
      corpus and cauda epididymidis and ductus deferens). On the basis of ILA 147
      staining, at least 5 subpopulations of sperm cells from each site of the genital
      tract were found. These subpopulations showed: 1) immunostaining in the acrosome
      domain and in the cytoplasmic droplet in a proximal position; 2) immunostaining
      in the acrosome domain and in the distal cytoplasmic droplet; 3) immunostaining
      in the acrosomal region and lack of a cytoplasmic droplet; 4) immunostaining only
      in the cytoplasmic droplet; 5) lack of a cytoplasmic droplet and absence of
      staining of the head. The possible relationship between the presence of ILA 147
      on the sperm head and the maturation process was evaluated, and we suggest that
      the most significant changes in ILA 147 expression occur in the corpus
      epididymidis. The absence of immunocytochemical staining in some spermatozoa may
      be related to plasma membrane damage due to spontaneous peroxidative damage of
      lipids.

PMID- 13677617
TI  - Ultrastructural localisation of Muc-1 on the plasma membrane of uterine
      epithelial cells.
AB  - The presence and distribution pattern of Muc-1 was determined
      immunohistochemically in rat uterine epithelial cells and localised
      ultrastructurally on the plasma membrane of uterine epithelial cells. Rat uterine
      tissue was examined on days 1, 3 and 6 of pregnancy and it is shown to be
      expressed in uterine luminal epithelial cells on day 1 of pregnancy with
      decreasing expression towards the time of implantation on day 6. It was
      demonstrated ultrastructurally that Muc-1 is expressed at the external surface of
      the plasma membrane of uterine epithelial cells thus confirming that it is well
      positioned to act as an anti-adhesive molecule during the nonreceptive stage of
      pregnancy. Ultrastructural localisation also revealed that Muc-1 was not present
      on the outer surface of the plasma membrane during the receptive phase.

PMID- 13677618
TI  - Cathepsin D expression in normal, hyperplastic and malignant endometrial tissue:
      an immunohistochemical analysis.
AB  - Cathepsin D (CathD), a lysosomal aspartyl protease secreted by normal and
      malignant cells, is considered to be involved in breakdown of the extracellular
      matrix. Aim of the present study was to determine the frequency and tissue
      distribution of CathD in normal, hyperplastic and malignant endometrium. Paraffin
      fixed endometrial tissue was obtained from premenopausal women in the
      proliferative phase (n = 5), early secretory phase (n = 4) and late secretory
      phase (n = 4) as well as glandular-cystic hyperplasia (n = 5), endometrial polyps
      (n = 5), endometrial polyps from the use of tamoxifen (n = 5), adenomatous
      hyperplasia (AH) grade I (n = 5), grade II (n = 4), grade III (n = 5) and
      endometroid adenocarcinoma (n = 5). CathD expression was evaluated with the IRS
      score and ANOVA analysis was used for statistical evaluation. CathD was primarily
      localised in luminal and glandular epihelium with little staining in stromal
      cells. The expression of CathD was significantly higher during the late secretory
      phase than in the proliferative phase. Highest expression of CathD was observed
      in the late secretory phase and in glandular-cystic hyperplasia, whereas
      endometroid carcinoma showed no expression. A continuous increase in CathD
      expression was observed in AH, with a significant difference between AH grade I
      and III. In conclusion, CathD was found to be expressed in normal and
      hyperplastic endometrial tissue. CathD immunostaining in normal endometrial
      glands varied on the basis of the phase of the menstrual cycle, suggesting
      physiological functions of CathD in endometrial maturation and degradation.
      Adenocarcinomas did express significant lower amounts of CathD. Therefore, the
      prognostic value of this parameter remains uncertain. A continuous increase in
      CathD immunostaining was observed in AH. Since AH grade III can be considered as
      a precursor of endometrial cancer, CathD could be a possible parameter for
      assessing malignant transformation.

PMID- 13677619
TI  - Immunolocalization of alphaV, alpha3 and beta1 integrins in the human placenta
      with pre-eclampsia.
AB  - Signs of pre-eclampsia are considered to be caused by maternal endothelial
      dysfunction due to circulating factors of placental origin. Integrins are a large
      family of cell surface, proteins that serve as receptors involved in cell-cell
      and cell-matrix interactions during placentation. Therefore, low expression of
      integrins or the lack of it may be encountered during pre-eclampsia. In the
      present study, we investigated the immunolocalisation of integrins alphaV, alpha3
      and beta1 in placentas of normal and pre-eclamptic women. Thirty-two placentas
      from pre-eclamptic (n = 14) and normotensive (n = 18) women were used.
      Immunohistochemical staining was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded
      tissue specimens, using anti-alphaV, anti-alpha3 and anti-beta1 antibodies and
      the indirect immunoperoxidase technique. A semi-quantitative grading system
      (HSCORE) was used to compare immunohistochemical staining intensities.
      Distribution patterns of alphaV, alpha3 and beta1 integrins were detected in
      cytotrophoblasts and Hofbauer cells in normal and pre-eclamptic placentas.
      Immunostaining of alphaV and beta1 integrins was slightly decreased in pre
      eclamptic samples but alpha3 integrin immunostaining was similar in pre-eclamptic
      and normal placentas. Decreased immunostaining of integrins in the
      cytotrophoblasts may considered to be a structural basis for decreased placental
      perfusion in pre-eclampsia.

PMID- 13677620
TI  - Protective effect of melatonin on beta-cell damage in streptozotocin-induced
      diabetes in rats.
AB  - The aim of the present study was the evaluation of possible protective effects of
      melatonin against beta-cell damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats.
      Malondialdehyde levels and glutathione peroxidase activity were measured in
      pancreatic homogenates. Pancreatic beta-cells were examined by
      immunohistochemical methods. Streptozotocin was injected intraperitoneally at a
      single dose of 60 mg/kg for induction of diabetes. Melatonin (200 microg/kg/day,
      ip) was injected for 3 days prior to administration of streptozotocin; these
      injections were continued until the end of the study (4 weeks). Streptozotocin
      induced a significant increase in malondialdehyde levels (p < 0.01) and a
      significant decrease in glutathione peroxidase activity (p < 0.05) in pancreatic
      tissue. Degeneration of islet cells and weak immunohistochemical staining of
      insulin was observed in diabetic rats. Treatment of diabetic rats with melatonin
      markedly reduced malondialdehyde production (p < 0.05) and increased glutathione
      peroxidase activity (p < 0.01) without affecting hyperglycemia. Increased
      staining of insulin and preservation of islet cells were apparent in the
      melatonin-treated diabetic rats. These data suggest that melatonin treatment has
      a therapeutic effect in diabetes by reduction of oxidative stress and
      preservation of pancreatic beta-cell integrity.

PMID- 13677621
TI  - Ultramicroscopical immunolocalization of PAX6 in the adult chicken retina.
AB  - Cell type-specific PAX6 protein expression was examined in all retinal layers of
      the normal chicken retina. The most intense PAX6 immunostaining was found in the
      ganglion cell and inner nuclear layers, and in lower amounts in the optic nerve
      fiber, the inner plexiform and the photoreceptor layers. PAX6 immunostaining was
      variable in terms of its subcellular localization, even within one cell. PAX6
      immunostaining was mainly localized in nuclear heterochromatin of the ganglion
      cell and inner nuclear layers whereas in the outer nuclear layer, PAX6
      immunostaining was only observed in the intercellular space and the cytoplasm. In
      photoreceptors, the myoid portion of the inner segment showed PAX6
      immunostaining, but the ellipsoid portion and the outer segment did not. The
      ultrastructural distribution pattern of PAX6 in the adult chicken retina suggests
      that normal expression of PAX6 is variable even in subcellular structures in the
      same cell type.

PMID- 13677623
TI  - Oxidants, antioxidants and carcinogenesis.
AB  - Reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs), such as superoxide anions (O2*-) hydrogen
      peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (*OH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric
      oxide (NO) are directly or indirectly involved in multistage process of
      carcinogenesis. They are mainly involved in DNA damage leading sometimes to
      mutations in tumour suppressor genes. They also act as initiator and/or promotor
      in carcinogenesis. Some of them are mutagenic in mammalian systems. O2*-, H2O2
      and *OH are reported to be involved in higher frequencies of sister chromatid
      exchanges (SCEs) and chromosome breaks and gaps (CBGs). MDA, a bi-product of
      lipid peroxidation (LPO), is said to be involved in DNA adduct formations, which
      are believed to be responsible for carcinogenesis. NO, on the other hand, plays a
      duel role in cancer. At high concentration it kills tumour cells, but at low
      concentration it promotes tumour growth and metastasis. It causes DNA single and
      double strand breaks. The metabolites of NO such as peroxynitrite (OONO-) is a
      potent mutagen that can induce transversion mutations. NO can stimulate O2*
      /H2O2/*OH-induced LPO. These deleterious actions of oxidants can be countered by
      antioxidant defence system in humans. There are first line defense antioxidants
      such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase
      (CAT). SOD converts O2*- to H2O2, which is further converted to H2O with the help
      of GPx and CAT. SOD inhibits *OH production. SOD also act as antipoliferative
      agent, anticarcinogens, and inhibitor at initiation and promotion/transformation
      stage in carcinogenesis. GPx is another antioxidative enzyme which catalyses to
      convert H2O2, to H2O. The most potent enzyme is CAT. GPx and CAT are important in
      the inactivation of many environmental mutagens. CAT is also found to reduce the
      SCE levels and chromosomal aberrations. Antioxidative vitamins such as vitamin A,
      E, and C have a number of biological activities such as immune stimulation,
      inhibition of nitrosamine formation and an alteration of metabolic activations of
      carcinogens. They can prevent genetic changes by inhibiting DNA damage induced by
      the ROMs. Therefore, these antioxidants may be helpful in the treatment of human
      cancer. However, detailed studies are required to draw a definite conclusion.

PMID- 13677622
TI  - Ultrastructural localization of histidine-labelled interkeratin matrix during
      keratinization of amphibian epidermis.
AB  - Interkeratin histidine-rich proteins (filaggrins) play a functional role in
      aggregation of keratin filaments into dense bundles during terminal
      differentiation of mammalian keratinocytes when forming the dense matrix of the
      stratum corneum. The origin of the stratum corneum during adaptation to land in
      amphibious vertebrate progenitors was probably linked with the synthesis of
      matrix proteins. However, whether similar proteins are present in living
      amphibians is unknown. The possible involvement of interkeratin matrix molecules
      rich in basic amino acids such as histidine during keratinization of amphibian
      epidermis has been evaluated in the present study by ultrastructural
      autoradiography after administration of tritiated histidine. At 4 and 8 h post
      injection, labelling was mainly localized over electron-dense amorphous material
      or irregular granules in between keratin filaments in cells of the upper
      intermedium, replacement, and immature corneous layers. Nuclear material
      incorporating tritiated histidine was also present in the maturing corneous
      layer. Small mucous-like granules did not take up tritiated histidine and X-ray
      microanalysis indicated that the latter granules contained sulphur. The present
      study suggests that small amounts of histidine-rich molecules which were not
      sufficient to form microscopically-visible keratohyalin granules were present in
      ancestral amphibian epidermis. However, this material was sufficient to promote
      aggregation of keratin filaments in the cytoplasm of amphibian differentiating
      keratinocytes, especially near the external corneous cell envelope. Electron
      dense material associated with the corneous cell envelope also contained sulphur
      as indicated by X-ray microanalysis. It is unknown whether sulphur is derived
      from either sulphated mucins, or disulphide bonds in aggregated keratins, or
      specific sulphur-rich proteins.

PMID- 13677624
TI  - Oxidant-antioxidant system: role and significance in human body.
AB  - Present article gives a holistic view of the causes, role and conrol of oxidative
      stress in the development and progression of various human diseases. Several
      types of reactive species are generated in the body as a result of metabolic
      reactions in the form of free radicals or non-radicals. These species may be
      either oxygen derived or nitrogen derived and called prooxidants. They attack
      macromolecules including protein, DNA and lipid etc. causing cellular/tissue
      damage. To counter their effect, the body is endowed with another category of
      compounds called antioxidants. These antioxidants are produced either
      endogenously or received from exogenous sources and include enzymes like
      superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase,
      minerals like Se, Mn, Cu and Zn, and vitamins like vitamin A, C and E. Other
      compounds with antioxidant activity include glutathione, flavonoids, bilirubin
      and uric acid etc.. In a healthy body, prooxidants and antioxidants maintain a
      ratio and a shift in this ratio towards prooxidants gives rise to oxidative
      stress. This oxidative stress may be either mild or severe depending on the
      extent of shift and remains the cause of several diseases such as cardiovascular
      diseases, neurological diseases, malignancies, renal diseases, diabetes,
      inflammatory problems, skin diseases, aging, respiratory diseases, liver diseases
      and different types of viral infections. As more and more reports are pouring in,
      a lot of information is being unfolded about oxidative stress in relation to
      several other diseases.

PMID- 13677625
TI  - Role of antioxidants in chronic fatigue syndrome in mice.
AB  - The present study was carried out using mice model of chronic fatigue syndrome
      (CFS) in which mice were forced to swim everyday for 7 days for a 6 min session.
      There was a significant increase in despair behavior (immobility period) in
      saline treated mice on successive days. Treatment with potent antioxidants
      carvedilol (5 mg/kg, i.p.) and melatonin (10 mg/kg, i.p.) produced a significant
      reduction in immobility period. Similar results were observed with herbal
      products St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum L) (10 mg/kg, p.o.) and GS-02 (20
      mg/kg, p.o.). Fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor produced a
      significant effect only on first and second day of its treatment. Biochemical
      analysis revealed that chronic swim test significantly increased lipid
      peroxidation and catalase levels in whole brains of mice. There was a decrease in
      the levels of super oxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GSH) in the
      brain. Administration of carvedilol, melatonin, GS-02 and St. John's Wort
      restored the levels of lipid peroxidation and glutathione. The enzymes SOD and
      catalase were also restored. Fluoxetine affected the biochemical variables not to
      the same extent as other treatments. The findings of the present study suggest
      that oxidative stress might play a significant role in the pathophysiology of
      CFS. Thus antioxidants and herbal products like St. Johns wort and GS-02 could be
      useful in the treatment of CFS.

PMID- 13677626
TI  - Mentha piperita (Linn) leaf extract provides protection against radiation induced
      alterations in intestinal mucosa of Swiss albino mice.
AB  - Intestinal protection in mice against radiation injury by M. piperita (1 g/kg
      body weight/day) was studied from day 1 to day 20 after whole body gamma
      irradiation (8 Gy). Villus height, goblet cells/villus section, total cells,
      mitotic cells and dead cells/crypt section in the jejunum are good parameters for
      the assessment of radiation damage. There was significant decrease in the villus
      height, number of total cells and mitotic cells/crypt section, whereas goblet
      cells and dead cells showed significant increase after irradiation. Mentha
      pretreatment resulted in a significant increase in villus height, total cells and
      mitotic cells, whereas goblet cells and dead cells showed a significant decrease
      from respective irradiated controls at each autopsy day. The results suggest that
      Mentha pretreatment provides protection against radiation induced alterations in
      intestinal mucosa of Swiss albino mice.

PMID- 13677627
TI  - Erythrocyte, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in hypervitaminotic A
      rats and their modification by dietary protein.
AB  - Rats fed excess vitamin A showed decreased body weight gain and protein
      efficiency ratio. In rats fed low protein vitamin A level increased in liver but
      with an associated decrease in plasma. These changes were reversed in high
      protein fed state. The amount of protein in diet had little effect on haemoglobin
      level in erythrocyte, but excess vitamin A in diet significantly decreased
      haemoglobin level in erythrocyte. Lipid peroxidation (LP) increased in rats fed
      low protein and decreased in high protein fed rats. Rats fed high protein and
      excess vitamin A showed minimum level of LP. Result showed that high protein in
      diet increased the levels of antioxidant enzymes, catalase and superoxide
      dismutase (SOD) and that excess vitamin A supplementation functions
      synergistically with high protein in diet to increase antioxidant enzymes level.

PMID- 13677628
TI  - Effect of propriety herbal formulation against chronic carbon tetrachloride
      induced hepatotoxicity.
AB  - Efficacy of propriety herbal formulation (PHF) against carbon tetrachloride
      (CCl4) induced liver damage was investigated in adult rats. Administration of
      CCl4 (0.2 ml/kg; i.p.) twice a week for 12 weeks resulted in significant
      elevation in serum transaminases activity. Level of reduced glutathione was
      significantly decreased. On the contrary, significant elevation was found in the
      hepatic lipid peroxidation level. Proliferation of fibroblast replaced the
      hepatic parenchyma cells in focal areas. Cell organelles like mitochondria,
      endoplasmic reticulum and nucleus showed severe degeneration after CCl4 exposure.
      PHF was effective in restoring the CCl4 induced biochemical and histological
      ultrastructural changes.

PMID- 13677629
TI  - Protection against photooxidative damage provided by enzymatic and non-enzymatic
      antioxidant system in sorghum seedlings.
AB  - Effect of photoinhibition of sorghum leaves and isolated chloroplasts on
      chlorophyll fluorescence, peroxidation of thylakoid lipids and activity of
      antioxidant enzymes were studied. Photoinhibition of intact leaves and isolated
      chloroplasts decreased Fv/Fm ratio and qP, while qN increased. Photoinhibitory
      damage was more at 5 degrees C than at 30 degrees or 50 degrees C. Peroxidation
      of thylakoid lipids was 5 times greater when photoinhibited at 50 degrees C
      compared to control. Photoinhibition of chloroplasts under low oxygen condition
      or when supplemented with anti-oxidants (beta-carotene, ascorbate and GSH)
      resulted in significantly less damage to photosynthesis (Fv/Fm ratio) and
      peroxidation level. Photoinhibition also resulted in many fold increase in the
      activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and
      decrease in catalase. Data presented here suggest that photoinhibition resulted
      in production of oxygen radicals and photoinhibition of chloroplasts in the
      presence of low oxygen level or when supplemented with antioxidants decreased the
      damage to Fv/Fm ratio and peroxidation level to a great extent since former
      prevented the formation of oxygen radicals and later could scavenge the oxygen
      radicals thus the protection. Increase activity of SOD and APX may also be to
      metabolise the oxygen radicals produced during photoinhibition treatment,
      thereby, protecting the seedlings against photooxidative damage.

PMID- 13677630
TI  - Analgesia in phasic and tonic pain tests in a pharmacological model of autotomy.
AB  - Self-mutilation or self-injurious behaviour is a well known behavioural disorder
      in humans. The proposition that this behaviour in animals is a response to
      chronic pain of peripheral nerve injury has been met with controversy. In the
      present study a pharmacological model, which produces no sensory or motor loss
      was used to study how autotomy is related to pain. In a group of rats autotomy
      was induced by amphetamine in phenoxybenzamine and reserpine treated animals. The
      pain tests, both phasic and tonic were then performed. The results of this study
      showed that a total analgesia was produced in both phasic and tonic pain tests,
      in animals that exhibited autotomy. Injection of naloxone in these animals
      prevented autotomy. A correlation between autotomy and no pain is suggested in
      this pharmacological model of autotomy.

PMID- 13677631
TI  - Magnesium deficiency increases oxidative stress in rats.
AB  - Magnesium deficiency has been implicated in the development of atherosclerosis
      and late diabetic complications, diseases often associated with increased
      oxidative stress. Present study was carried out to examine the effect of
      magnesium deficiency on oxidative stress and total radical trapping antioxidant
      parameter (calculated) in rats and correlate it with the development of free
      radical mediated diseases. Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups and pair
      fed for six weeks with low magnesium diet (70 mg/kg) and control diet (990 mg/kg)
      prepared synthetically. Deionized water was given ad libitum. Low magnesium diet
      caused a significant decrease in plasma and red blood cell magnesium levels. A
      marked increase in plasma malondialdehyde and corresponding decrease in total
      radical trapping antioxidant parameters (calculated) were observed in the low
      magnesium diet group than control group. The level of plasma glucose increased
      moderately in the low magnesium diet group. Hypertriglyceridemia and
      significantly decreased plasma HDL (high density lipoprotein)-cholesterol levels
      were observed in the low magnesium diet group. The results clearly demonstrate
      that magnesium deficiency is associated with increased oxidative stress through
      reduction in plasma antioxidants and increased lipid peroxidation suggesting that
      the increased oxidative stress may be due to increased susceptibility of body
      organs to free radical injury.

PMID- 13677632
TI  - Staphylococcus warneri BW 94--a new source of lipase.
AB  - Staphylococcus isolated from a common Indian sweet viz. basundi was tested for
      its ability to produce lipase. The colorless zone of hydrolysis around the colony
      grown on Baird Parker agar containing egg yolk produced extracellular lipase.
      Colony morphology, coagulase production, haemolysis, acid production in
      carbohydrate medium and enzyme activity studies showed that the organism was
      Staphylococcus warneri. Growth of S. warneri was obtained after 11 hr at 37
      degrees C, pH 7.5, while the maximum production of lipase was obtained at 30
      degrees C at pH 6.5 after 9 hr of incubation. Agitation did not increase lipase
      production. A sudden fall in the activity of lipase was noted after 11 hr.
      Addition of sucrose which is a growth stimulant for Staphylococcus, did not
      stimulate production of lipase by these organisms. Also, addition of oleic acid,
      Tween 80 or ethanol did not stimulate formation of lipase.

PMID- 13677633
TI  - Assessment of EMS-induced genotoxicity in the Indian climbing perch, Anabas
      testudineus: cytogenetical vis-a-vis protein endpoints.
AB  - Genotoxic effects of EMS have been assessed in fish, A. testudineus, using widely
      accepted cytogenetic protocols like chromosome aberrations, nuclear anomalies in
      red blood cells and abnormal sperm head morphology. In addition, gel
      electrophoretic protein profiles and total protein contents in nine selected
      tissues were analysed for evaluating their utility as potential indicators of
      genotoxicity. EMS not only caused chromosomal aberrations in somatic cells,
      nuclear anomalies in red blood cells, and increased incidence of sperm with
      abnormal head morphology, but also altered significantly both protein profiles
      and total protein contents in all tissues tested vis-a-vis suitable controls,
      indicating relevance of protein data in genotoxicity assessment.

PMID- 13677634
TI  - Regeneration from mature and immature embryos and transient gene expression via
      Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccum Schuble).
AB  - The present study establishes a regeneration protocol and optimizes conditions
      for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of the tetraploid emmer wheat, Triticum
      dicoccum. Regeneration from mature and immature embryos was accomplished as a two
      step process involving callus induction in the presence of 2,4-D followed by
      regeneration on a 2,4-D free, cytokinin-containing medium (RM1). Higher
      concentrations of 2,4-D (4 mg/l) though conducive for callusing (89.39% in mature
      embryos and 96% in immature embryos) proved detrimental for further regeneration.
      At lower 2,4-D (1 mg/ml) although callusing was suboptimal, (56.8% and 84% from
      mature and immature embryos, respectively) the regeneration response was the
      highest on RM1 medium (64.4% and 56.6% from mature and immature embryos,
      respectively). Overall, the regeneration response of immature embryos was lower
      than the mature embryos by 10-12%. Due to the ease of availability of mature
      embryos the mature embryo-derived calli were chosen as the target tissue for
      Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in the two Indian varieties DDK1001 and
      DDK1009. Histochemical GUS expression revealed the suitability of the mature
      embryo-derived calli for such investigations. Of the CaMV35S and Act1 promoters
      employed, the monocot promoter Act1 displayed higher GUS gene activity in the
      mature embryo derived calli when co-cultivated with LBA4404 (pBI101::Act1).

PMID- 13677635
TI  - Storage excretion in the Indian apple snail, Pila globosa (Swainson), during
      aestivation.
AB  - Uric acid accumulates in several tissues of the Indian apple snail, P. globosa,
      during aestivation. This accumulation is particularly high in the foot muscle and
      reproductive organs. Since the kidney, a tiny organ in the snail, has only a
      limited capacity to store uric acid, extrarenal tissues are used as storage
      depots of uric acid during aestivation. It is suggested that the aestivating
      snail, faced with a cleidoic situation, resorts to storage excretion, a
      phenomenon well documented in insects.

PMID- 13677636
TI  - Impact of feeding ethanolic extracts of Achyranthes aspera Linn. on reproductive
      functions in male rats.
AB  - Feeding 50% ethanolic extract of A. aspera to male rats resulted in reduced sperm
      counts, weight of epididymis, serum level of testosterone and testicular activity
      of 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, while motility of the sperm and activity
      of the HMG CoA reductase were not affected. Cholesterol level in the testis,
      incorporation of labelled acetate into cholesterol, 17-ketosteroids in urine and
      hepatic and fecal bile acids were increased. The results suggest that ethanolic
      extract of A. aspera caused reproductive toxicity in male rats and the action may
      be by suppressing the synthesis of androgen.

PMID- 13677637
TI  - Effect of whole body gamma radiation on hepatic LDH activity, lactate, pyruvate
      concentration and rate of oxygen consumption in Bufo melanostictus.
AB  - Whole body Co60 gamma radiation induced changes in lactic dehydrogenase (LDH)
      activity, pyruvate, lactate content and rate of oxygen (O2) consumption in a
      tropical hibernating anuran (Bufo melanostictus). In 3.5 and 7 Gy treated groups,
      a significant increase in LDH activity and lactate/pyruvate ratio was observed,
      whereas a significant decrease in O2 consumption rate was observed in treated
      animals on post-irradiation day (PID) 1, 5 and 10. Increase in LDH activity was
      observed on PID-1 in both the treated groups, reached to a peak on PID-5 in 7 Gy
      treated group and then declined on PID-10.

PMID- 13677638
TI  - Anti-nociceptive effect of synthesized di-hydroxy flavones: possible mechanism.
AB  - Renewed interest on the research on the flavonoids is gaining more importance.
      Earlier literature on flavonoids indicated a significant anti-nociceptive action
      for flavones and mono-substituted flavones. However, they exhibited a ceiling
      effect. The present study was undertaken by new synthesizing six disubstituted
      flavones (DHFs) since poly substituted ones are expected to produce more potent
      effect. Their anti-nociceptive effect and the role of opioid involvement were
      studied using acetic acid induced abdominal constriction assay. All the six DHFs
      administered in elicited a dose related inhibition of abdominal constrictions
      indicating the presence of the anti-nociceptive response. However, these
      substances also showed a similar ceiling effect. Like other flavonoid substances,
      they also utilized opioid pathways. It is suggested that these newly synthesized
      DHFs can be included along with other flavonoids while attempting clinical trial
      for analgesic use.

PMID- 13677639
TI  - 5th European Nitrogen Fixation Conference--a report.

PMID- 13677640
TI  - Banana potassium and stroke.

PMID- 13677641
TI  - Separation of structurally related synthetic peptides by capillary zone
      electrophoresis.
AB  - The separation of two different sets of synthetic peptides has been investigated
      by high-performance capillary zone electrophoresis utilising naked, fused silica
      capillaries. The effects of electrolyte pH, buffer concentration, capillary
      length and electric field strength on the separation efficiency and selectivity
      were systematically varied, with the highest resolution achieved with buffer
      electrolytes of low pH and relatively high ionic strength. Under optimised
      separation conditions utilising the "short end injection" separation approach
      with negative electric field polarity, a series of eight structurally-related
      synthetic peptides were baseline resolved within 4 min without addition of any
      modifier of the background electrolyte with separation efficiencies in the
      vicinity of 600000 theoretical plates/m. Further significant enhancement of
      separation efficiencies could be achieved by taking advantage of the "long end
      injection" approach with positive electric field polarity. The outcome of these
      experimental variations parallels the "sweeping" effect that has been observed in
      the capillary electrochromatographic and micellar electrokinetic separations of
      polar molecules and permits rapid resolution of peptides with focusing effects.
      In addition, small changes in the electrolyte buffer pH and concentration were
      found to have a significant impact on the selectivity of synthetic peptides of
      similar intrinsic charge. These observations indicate that multi-modal separation
      mechanisms operated under these conditions with the unmodified fused silica
      capillaries. This study, moreover, documents additional examples of peptide
      specific multi-zoning behaviour in the high-performance capillary zone
      electrophoretic separation of synthetic peptides.

PMID- 13677642
TI  - Peptide mapping by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography
      employing silica rod monoliths.
AB  - In this paper, a general procedure is described for the generation of peptide
      maps of proteins with monolithic silica-based columns. The peptide fragments were
      obtained by tryptic digestion of various cytochrome c species with purification
      of the tryptic fragments achieved by reversed-phase high-performance liquid
      chromatographic methods. Peak assignment of the various peptides was based on
      evaluation of the biophysical properties of the individual peptides and via mass
      spectrometric identification. The performance of several different monolithic
      sorbents prepared as columns of identical cross-sectional dimensions were
      investigated as part of these peptide mapping studies and the data evaluated by
      applying solvent strength theory. These studies revealed curvilinear dependencies
      in the corresponding relative resolution maps. These findings directly impact on
      the selection of specific sorbent types or column configurations for peptide
      separations with silica rod monoliths. Moreover, the influence of variations in
      the amino acid sequence of the cytochrome cs were evaluated with respect to their
      effect on intrinsic hydrophobicity, the number of experimental observed tryptic
      cleavage sites, detection limits of the derived fragments in relation to their
      molecular size, and the chromatographic selectivity and resolution of the various
      peptides obtained following enzymatic fragmentation of the parent protein.
      Finally, the scope of these approaches in method development was examined in
      terms of robustness and efficiency.

PMID- 13677643
TI  - Temperature profiling of polypeptides in reversed-phase liquid chromatography. I.
      Monitoring of dimerization and unfolding of amphipathic alpha-helical peptides.
AB  - The present study sets out to extend the utility of reversed-phase liquid
      chromatography (RP-HPLC) by demonstrating its ability to monitor dimerization and
      unfolding of de novo designed synthetic amphipathic alpha-helical peptides on
      stationary phases of varying hydrophobicity. Thus, we have compared the effect of
      temperature (5-80 degrees C) on the RP-HPLC (C8 or cyano columns) elution
      behaviour of mixtures of peptides encompassing amphipathic alpha-helical
      structure, amphipathic alpha-helical structure with L- or D-substitutions or non
      amphipathic alpha-helical structure. By comparing the retention behaviour of the
      helical peptides to a peptide of negligible secondary structure (a random coil),
      we rationalize that "temperature profiling" by RP-HPLC can monitor association of
      peptide molecules, either through oligomerization or aggregation, or monitor
      unfolding of alpha-helical peptides with increasing temperature. We believe that
      the conformation-dependent response of peptides to RP-HPLC under changing
      temperature has implications both for general analysis and purification of
      peptides but also for the de novo design of peptides and proteins.

PMID- 13677644
TI  - Temperature profiling of polypeptides in reversed-phase liquid chromatography.
      II. Monitoring of folding and stability of two-stranded alpha-helical coiled
      coils.
AB  - The present study extends the utility of reversed-phase high-performance liquid
      chromatography (RP-HPLC) to monitor folding and stability of de novo designed
      synthetic two-stranded alpha-helical coiled-coils. Thus, we have compared the
      effect of temperature on the RP-HPLC retention behaviour of both oxidized (two
      identical five-heptad alpha-helical peptides linked by a disulfide bridge) and
      reduced coiled-coil analogues with various amino acids substituted into the
      hydrophobic core of the coiled-coil. We were able to correlate the RP-HPLC
      retention behaviour of the oxidized analogues over the temperature range of 10 to
      80 degrees C with the stability of the analogues as determined by conventional
      thermal and chemical denaturation approaches. In addition, the contribution of a
      disulfide bridge to coiled-coil stability was highlighted by comparing the
      elution behaviour of the oxidized and reduced analogues. Overall, we demonstrate
      the excellent potential of "temperature profiling" by RP-HPLC to monitor
      differences in oligomerization state and protein stability.

PMID- 13677645
TI  - Comparison of reversed-phase liquid chromatography and hydrophilic
      interaction/cation-exchange chromatography for the separation of amphipathic
      alpha-helical peptides with L- and D-amino acid substitutions in the hydrophilic
      face.
AB  - Mixed-mode hydrophilic interaction/cation-exchange chromatography (HILIC/CEX) is
      a novel high-performance technique which has excellent potential for peptide
      separations. Separations by HILIX/CEX are carried out by subjecting peptides to
      linear increasing salt gradients in the presence of high levels of acetonitrile,
      which promotes hydrophilic interactions overlaid on ionic interactions with the
      cation-exchange matrix. In the present study, HILIC/CEX has been compared to
      reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) for separation of mixtures of
      diastereomeric amphipathic alpha-helical peptide analogues, where L- and D-amino
      acid substitutions were made in the centre of the hydrophilic face of the
      amphipathic alpha-helix. Unlike RP-HPLC, temperature had a substantial effect on
      HILIC/CEX of the peptides, with a rise in temperature from 25 to 65 degrees C
      increasing the retention times of the peptides as well as improving resolution.
      Our results again highlight the potential of HILIC/CEX as a peptide separation
      mode in its own right as well as an excellent complement to RP-HPLC.

PMID- 13677647
TI  - Complex formation of a calcium-dependent antibody: a thermodynamical
      consideration.
AB  - The elution of FLAG-fusions (an octapeptide with the sequence DYKDDDDK) from
      immobilized anti-FLAG antibody M1 cannot be explained by a switch of the
      equilibrium binding constant to a lower value. To get a further insight into
      thermodynamics, the binding of anti-FLAG antibody M1 to the FLAG peptide was
      studied by real-time biosensor technology at seven different temperatures in the
      range from 5 to 35 degrees C. Binding studies were performed in the presence and
      absence of calcium. Thermodynamic parameters such as change in Gibbs free energy
      (deltaG), enthalpy (deltaH) and entropy (deltaS) were evaluated from the
      corresponding equilibrium data applying the integrated Van't Hoff equation. In
      contrast to similar kinetic data obtained, the contribution of deltaH and deltaS
      to deltaG in the presence or absence of calcium results in a different
      conformation of the antibody-antigen complex under binding and non-binding
      conditions. Therefore, complex dissociation with EDTA must be effected during a
      transition state of complex formation and dissociation.

PMID- 13677646
TI  - Separation of structurally related peptides by open-tubular capillary
      electrochromatography using (metallo)porphyrins as the adsorbed stationary phase.
AB  - Several (metallo)porphyrins, particularly the porphyrin derivative
      tetraphenylporphyrin, and complexes of porphyrin derivatives with metal ions
      (Zn2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Co3+) have been employed as the stationary phase
      physically adsorbed onto the inner fused-silica capillary surface for open
      tubular capillary electrochromatography, and applied for the separation of
      structurally related peptides. Four octapeptides, derivatives of the B23-B30
      fragment of the B-chain of human insulin with minor changes in their sequences
      (presence of lysine or ornithine in position B-29, presence or absence of
      phenylacetyl protecting group on the amino group of lysine/ornithine or N
      terminal amino group of glycine), were studied as model analytes. Separations
      were performed both in alkaline (pH 9.0) and in acidic (pH 2.25) background
      electrolytes, and the changes in the migration/retention behaviour of the model
      set of peptides were investigated with respect to the porphyrin periphery/central
      metal atom and the charge of the octapeptides modified. The key moment of
      successful separation of these peptides seems to be the accessibility of
      functional groups of the peptides to the interaction with the modifiers tested
      herein.

PMID- 13677648
TI  - Analysis of aggregates of human immunoglobulin G using size-exclusion
      chromatography, static and dynamic light scattering.
AB  - Large aggregates (Mr: 10(6)-10(7) g/mol) of human immunoglobulins are present in
      extremely small concentrations in IgG preparations (<0.1%). Traces of large
      protein aggregates cannot be determined by conventional size-exclusion
      chromatography (SEC) using UV detection due to limitations in sensitivity. The
      conventional analysis of IgG by SEC is limited to dimers and oligomers. Using
      light scattering it is possible to determine significant differences concerning
      the aggregate composition and the extent of protein aggregation in samples of
      different process steps. Two different pilot preparations were analyzed by SEC
      with UV and static light scattering detection and compared to dynamic light
      scattering in the batch mode. The change of large aggregates could be monitored
      and data were corroborated by dynamic light scattering.

PMID- 13677649
TI  - Next generation of protein microarray support materials: evaluation for protein
      and antibody microarray applications.
AB  - The performance of protein and antibody microarrays is dependent on various
      factors, one of which is the use of an appropriate microarray surface for the
      immobilisation of either protein or antibody samples. We have investigated the
      properties of seven new surfaces in the context of both protein and antibody
      microarray technology. We have demonstrated the functionality of all new slide
      coatings and investigated the mean signal to spotted concentration ratio,
      determined detection limits and calculated coefficients of variation. Moreover,
      new concepts for slide coatings such as dendrimer and poly(ethylene glycol)-epoxy
      slides were evaluated and improved qualities of novel slide surfaces were
      observed. Optimal slide coatings for antibody and protein chips were proposed and
      the requirements for both technologies were discussed.

PMID- 13677650
TI  - Analysis of proteins in the spent culture medium of Lupinus albus by electrospray
      ionisation tandem mass spectrometry.
AB  - Lupinus albus cell cultures secrete a large set of hydrolases into their medium
      with a small number of highly abundant proteins. We have investigated the protein
      composition of the medium with two different methods, two-dimensional gel
      electrophoresis-electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS-MS) and
      enzymatic analysis. The proteomic approach revealed the presence of several
      abundant proteins that had been overlooked using standard enzyme assays, e.g.
      subtilisin-like protease, glucan 1,3-beta-glucosidase, alpha-amylase, chitinase,
      thaumatin-like protein, and a secretory pathogenesis-related protein. Several low
      abundant proteins were readily detectable by enzymatic assays (peroxidases,
      phosphatase), but could not be found by ESI-MS-MS. Both data sets support the
      assumed lytic function of the medium, which appears to be similar to that of the
      plant vacuole.

PMID- 13677651
TI  - Characterization of recombinant human serum albumin using matrix-assisted laser
      desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
AB  - Chromatographically purified recombinant human serum albumin (rHSA), produced in
      genetically transformed yeast cells, was characterized using matrix-assisted
      laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) MS techniques. The
      molecular mass of the intact protein was determined to be 66671, in good
      agreement with that of purified HSA which was used as a standard. The identity of
      rHSA to its natural counterpart was established with high precision using peptide
      mass fingerprinting of tryptic peptides. Partial amino acid sequence data for
      rHSA were obtained using Ettan CAF MALDI Sequencing Kit and post-source decay on
      the tryptic peptides. The results achieved provide strong evidence that MALDI-TOF
      MS is an important analytical technique for characterising gene products and for
      establishing the identity and bio-compatibility of recombinant proteins relative
      to their natural counterparts.

PMID- 13677652
TI  - Continuous matrix-assisted refolding of proteins.
AB  - A refolding reactor was developed for continuous matrix-assisted refolding of
      proteins. The reactor was composed of an annular chromatography system and an
      ultrafiltration system to recycle aggregated proteins produced during the
      refolding reaction. The feed solution containing the denatured protein was
      continuously fed to the rotating bed perfused with buffer promoting folding of
      the protein. As the protein passed through the column, it was separated from
      chaotropic and reducing agents and the refolding process took place. Native
      proteins and aggregates could be continuously separated due to different
      molecular size. The exit stream containing aggregates was collected, concentrated
      by ultrafiltration and recycled to the feed solution. The high concentrations of
      chaotropic and reducing agents in the feed solution enabled dissociation of the
      recycled aggregates and consequently were fed again to the refolding reactor.
      When the initial feed mixture of denatured protein is used up, only buffer
      containing chaotropic agents and recycled aggregates are fully converted to
      native protein. This process resulted in a stoichiometric conversion from the
      denatured protein to its correctly folded native state. The system was tested
      with bovine alpha-lactalbumin as model protein. Superdex 75 PrepGrade was used as
      size-exclusion medium. The yield of 30% active monomer in the batch process was
      improved to 41% at a recycling rate of 65%. Assuming that the aggregates can be
      redissolved and recycled into the feed stream in a quantitative manner, a
      refolding yield close to 100% is possible. The method can be also applied to
      other chromatographic principles suited for the separation of aggregates.

PMID- 13677653
TI  - Characterization of p-aminobenzamidine-based sorbent and its use for high
      performance affinity chromatography of trypsin-like proteases.
AB  - An affinity sorbent, hydrophilic polymer-based carrier of different pore size
      (Toyopearl) with immobilized p-aminobenzamidine (ABA), has been prepared. Its
      basic properties and some applications for protein purification were studied.
      ABA, which is a synthetic inhibitor for trypsin-like proteases, was covalently
      immobilized to Toyopearl by reductive amination. The ligand density and binding
      capacity for porcine trypsin varied depending on the pore size of Toyopearl. The
      maximum binding capacity of the immobilized p-aminobenzamidine Toyopearl (ABA
      Toyopearl) for trypsin was more than 40 mg/ml gel. ABA-Toyopearl thus obtained
      was very stable below pH 8 and was successfully used for high-performance
      affinity chromatography of trypsin-like proteases such as trypsin, thrombin,
      tissue-type plasminogen activator or urokinase in a single step at 25 degrees C.

PMID- 13677654
TI  - Effect of chromatographic conditions on resolution in high-performance ion
      exchange chromatography of proteins on nonporous support.
AB  - We explored chromatographic conditions to obtain high resolution in protein
      separations by ion-exchange chromatography (IEC) on a nonporous anion-exchange
      resin of 2.5 microm in particle diameter. We studied the effects of gradient time
      (steepness of salt concentration gradient), flow-rate and column length on
      resolution in much wider ranges than had been studied before. It was found that
      two distinct conditions exist that provide high resolution. The first is a
      condition which has widely been employed in current high-performance IEC, namely,
      a combination of short gradient time, high flow-rate and comparatively short
      column. Separation times are usually 5-30 min, and even more rapid (1-2 min)
      separations are possible. The second is the condition which has rarely been
      employed in high-performance IEC. It is a combination of long gradient time, low
      flow-rate and long column. Although it takes several hours for one separation,
      very high resolution is attainable.

PMID- 13677655
TI  - Analysis of non-covalent protein complexes by capillary electrophoresis--time-of
      flight mass spectrometry.
AB  - A capillary electrophoresis-electrospray ionisation time-of-flight mass
      spectrometry (CE-ESI-TOF-MS) method for characterisation of non-covalent protein
      complexes is described using a coaxial liquid sheath-flow sprayer. The CE
      capillary was connected to the mass spectrometer using a commercial CE-MS sprayer
      mounted on a ceramic holder of the ESI interface of the mass spectrometer. Using
      myoglobin (Mb) as an example of non-covalent protein complex, the effect on
      complex stability caused by organic modifiers added to the sheath liquid was
      analysed. Depending on the amount of methanol, either intact Mb or the apoprotein
      and the prosthetic heme group were detected.

PMID- 13677656
TI  - Activity-based enrichment of matrix metalloproteinases using reversible
      inhibitors as affinity ligands.
AB  - Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc dependent metalloproteases
      characterized by the ability to cleave extracellular matrix and many other
      extracellular proteins. MMP activity is tightly regulated but disturbances in
      this regulation can contribute to various disease processes characterized by a
      progressive destruction of the extracellular matrix. The ability to profile
      classes of enzymes based on functionally related activities would greatly
      facilitate research about the involvement of MMPs in physiological and/or
      pathological states. Here we describe the characterization of an affinity sorbent
      using an immobilized reversible inhibitor as a stationary phase for the activity
      based enrichment of MMPs from biological samples. With a ligand density of 9.8 mM
      and binding constant of 58 micromol/l towards MMP-12, the capturing power of the
      affinity sorbent was strong enough to extract MMP-12 spiked into serum with high
      selectivity from relatively large sample volumes. Experiments with endogenous
      inhibitors revealed that MMP-12 extraction is strictly activity-dependent,
      offering powerful means to monitor MMP activities in relation to physiological
      and/or pathological events by using affinity extraction as a first step in an MMP
      profiling method.

PMID- 13677657
TI  - Sample preparation of human serum for the analysis of tumor markers. Comparison
      of different approaches for albumin and gamma-globulin depletion.
AB  - LC-MS is a powerful method for the sensitive detection of proteins and peptides
      in biological fluids. However, the presence of highly abundant proteins often
      masks those of lower abundance and thus generally prevents their detection and
      identification in proteomic studies. In human serum the most abundant proteins
      are albumin and gamma-globulins. We tested several approaches to specifically
      reduce the level of these proteins based on either specific antibodies, dye
      ligands (for albumin) and protein A or G (for gamma-globulins). The resulting,
      depleted serum was analyzed by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis and LC-MS for the residual presence of these abundant proteins as
      well as for other serum proteins that should remain after depletion. To test the
      applicability of this method to real-life samples, depleted serum of a cervical
      cancer patient was analyzed for the presence of a specific tumor marker protein
      SCCA1 (squamous cell carcinoma antigen 1; P29508), which is present at ng/ml
      concentrations. The results demonstrate that SCCA1 can be detected by LC-MS in
      patient serum following depletion of albumin and gamma-globulins thus opening the
      possibility of screening patient sera for other, so far unknown, tumor markers.

PMID- 13677658
TI  - Purification and partial characterization by matrix-assisted laser desorption
      ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of the recombinant transposase, TniA.
AB  - A recombinant transposase, TniA, a basic DNA binding protein, was
      chromatographically purified and characterized by matrix-assisted laser
      desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) methods.
      Escherichia coli cells, overexpressing native TniA, were ultrasonically disrupted
      and the clarified supernatant was used as starting material for anion-exchange
      chromatography on SOURCE1 15Q 4.6/100 PE (Tricorn), at pH 7.5. This initial step
      was proven to be a fast and simple way of removing acidic proteins like
      proteases. TniA was collected from the flow-through fraction and applied onto
      HiTrap heparin HP 5 ml in order to capture the basic TniA. This was followed by
      cation-exchange chromatography through Mono S 5/50 GL (Tricorn), at pH 6.5 which
      resulted in a purity of TniA of about 95%. The molecular mass of TniA was
      determined to 62 869 rel. mol. mass units with MALDI-TOF-MS and the identity of
      the protein was confirmed by peptide mass fingerprinting of trypsin-digested
      TniA. Partial amino acid sequencing was achieved after derivatization of tryptic
      peptides using Ettan CAF MALDI Sequencing Kit and post source decay. The fact
      that transposases are DNA-binding and that many of them possess basic isoelectric
      point values suggest that the outlined purification protocol may serve as a
      general method for the purification of recombinant nontagged transposases and
      other basic DNA-binding proteins.

PMID- 13677659
TI  - Methodology for predicting the separation of proteins by hydrophobic interaction
      chromatography and its application to a cell extract.
AB  - Hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) is widely used in the downstream
      processing of proteins. Resolution of HIC is very good, but sometimes not as high
      as expected. Resolution values could be increased if good operating conditions
      were selected. In this paper we present a methodology for selecting good
      operating conditions. First, it is necessary to predict the dimensionless
      retention time (DRT) of each protein in the mixture. We use a correlation such as
      DRT = A + Bphi + Cphi2, where phi is the superficial hydrophobicity of the
      protein, which is calculated considering the hydrophobicity of the superficial
      amino acids using the Miyazawa-Jernigan scale. Considering that there was little
      interaction amongst proteins in a mixture at the concentrations investigated (2
      g/l of each protein), the behaviour of the proteins in the mixture was considered
      to be similar to that of the individual proteins. Using simulations it was
      possible to test different operating conditions for the purification of a target
      protein from a mixture of proteins and it was possible to select ideal
      conditions. The methodology developed was also tested for the purification of a
      recombinant protein from a fermentation extract of yeast producing human
      superoxide dismutase and the results have been satisfactory.

PMID- 13677660
TI  - Two-dimensional nano-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry system for
      applications in proteomics.
AB  - This work demonstrates the development of a method for the analysis of complex
      proteome samples by two-dimensional nano-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
      This approach includes strong cation-exchange, sample enrichment, reversed-phase
      chromatography and nanospray ion trap mass spectroscopy with data dependent
      tandem mass spectrometry spectra acquisition, and subsequent database search. The
      new methodology was first evaluated using standard protein digest samples.
      Finally, data for the analysis of a total Escherichia coli proteome are provided.

PMID- 13677661
TI  - Chromatographic behaviour and purification of linear lambda phage and plasmid DNA
      molecules on 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-ethylene dimethacrylate-based supports.
AB  - The HEMA-BIO 1000 support, which is based on a copolymer of 2-hydroxyethyl
      methacrylate and ethylene dimethacrylate, was used for separation of lambda DNA
      and its fragments and plasmid pBR322 DNA. The separation of fragments greater
      than 6.6 kbp was demonstrated according to the slalom chromatography mechanism on
      column for size-exclusion chromatography in the case of linear lambda DNA
      fragments. The influence of particle size of column packing, mobile phase rate,
      and KCl concentration in mobile phase is discussed. The purification of plasmid
      DNA pBR322 using size-exclusion chromatography was more rapid compared to gel
      electrophoresis. The presence of salts in the eluate is not disadvantageous. DNA
      can be recovered from the eluate by ethanol precipitation. Plasmid DNA pBR322
      isolated in this way was suitable for different biological applications (cleavage
      with restrictases, electrotransformation into bacterial cells).

PMID- 13677662
TI  - Immunomagnetic separation and detection of Salmonella cells using newly designed
      carriers.
AB  - Magnetic nonporous poly(HEMA-co-EDMA) and poly(HEMA-co-GMA) microspheres were
      prepared by dispersion copolymerisation of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and
      ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA) or glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) in the presence of
      magnetite. They were functionalized by polyclonal Salmonella antibodies via the
      trichlorotriazine method. Salmonella cells were then successfully identified
      using cultural and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods after their
      immunomagnetic separation. The PCR sensitivity of target cell detection was
      negatively influenced by the presence of some compounds used in the process of
      particle preparation. In some cases, magnetic poly(HEMA-co-EDMA) microspheres
      with immobilized proteinase K were used for degradation of intracellular
      inhibitors present in Salmonella cells.

PMID- 13677663
TI  - Rigid polymerics: the future of oligonucleotide analysis and purification.
AB  - A family of rigid macroporous HPLC materials, reversed phase and anion exchange,
      has been evaluated for the analysis and purification of a range of de-protected,
      dimethoxytrityl-off, oligonucleotides. A 25-base pair (bp) double-stranded DNA
      ladder was used to determine the resolving range for the four pore sizes of
      reversed-phase media. The 100 A pore size resolves up to 50-75 bp, the 300 A up
      to 250-300 bp, the 1000 A up to 400-450 bp and the 4000 A pore size is capable of
      resolving in excess of 500 bp. The dynamic capacity of these four pore sizes was
      also determined using a synthetic oligonucleotide with two ion-pairing agents at
      ambient and 60 degrees C. The dynamic capacity was shown to decrease with
      increasing pore size and that with the triethylammonium acetate ion-pairing agent
      there was negligible temperature dependency. The dynamic capacity was higher when
      tetrabutylammonium bromide was used at elevated temperature. A strong anion
      exchange functionality on a pH-stable polymeric particle was used to investigate
      the selectivity and resolution of the technique. Using a poly-T-oligonucleotide
      size standard, resolution of full length oligonucleotide (n) from the truncated
      species due to coupling failure (n-1, n-2, etc.) was demonstrated up to at least
      the 30mer. Resolution of a phospho diester contaminant from a phospho thioate
      oligonucleotide and a truncated sequence was demonstrated using anion-exchange
      HPLC at high pH.

PMID- 13677664
TI  - Investigations of calcium homeostasis mechanisms in nerve cells and their
      alterations during brain pathology.
AB  - The paper summarises new data about the molecular mechanisms of calcium
      homeostasis maintenance in nerve cells and generation of intracellular calcium
      transients--the most general secondary messenger triggering or modulating all
      steps of neuronal life cycle and its main functions. It describes the low- and
      high-voltage activated plasmalemmal ion channels injecting Ca2+ into the cell,
      cytosolic buffering systems which rapidly bind the main part of injected ions,
      properties of intracellular stores accumulating Ca2+ ions due to the activity of
      CERCA-pumps and releasing them back into the cytosol via the CICR mechanism,
      possible participation of mitochondria in this process, extrusion of Ca2+ from
      the cell by PMCA-pumps. By introducing new techniques, quantitative
      characteristics are obtained of these mechanisms and of their participation in
      determining the amplitude and kinetics of calcium signals in different neurons,
      as well as their changes during ageing and some forms of brain pathology.

PMID- 13677665
TI  - Selective block of AMPA/kainate receptors of hippocampal interneurons as a new
      approach to the investigation of inhibitory system.
AB  - Effects of open channel blockers of AMPA/kainate receptors have been examined
      using whole cell recordings and kainate application in the neurons freshly
      isolated by vibrodissociation from the rat hippocampal slice preparation.
      Although the hippocampal neurons differed little in the voltage-current relations
      and sensitivity to kainate, a prominent difference was found in their
      susceptibility to the blocking action of adamantane derivatives studied. The
      pyramidal neurons had low sensitivity to the open channel blockers but the
      neurons which might be assigned most probably to the group of inhibitory
      interneurons proved to be highly sensitive. A group of neurons of intermediate
      sensitivity have also been found. The ability of the same blocking drugs to
      depress the excitatory inputs in the inhibitory interneurons has been
      demonstrated in the experiments on the hippocampal slice preparation. Enhancement
      of the field spike and excitatory postsynaptic potential amplitude was observed
      in the presence of adamantane derivatives. An additional treatment of the
      preparation with a GABA receptor antagonist, bicuculline, did not potentiate this
      effect. In conclusion, the observed difference in the pharmacological properties
      of inhibitory interneurons may be effectively used for detailed analysis of the
      brain synaptic transmission.

PMID- 13677666
TI  - Forward masking in the evoked responses of the guinea pig auditory cortex:
      effects of variation of the interaural time and phase differences.
AB  - In anaesthesized guinea pigs the evoked potentials of the auditory cortex were
      studied in a forward masking paradigm. In-phase and out-of-phase binaurally
      presented clicks with interaural time delay (ITD) were used as masker, in-phase
      click with ITD = 0 served as probe signal. Addition of the masking stimulus
      suppressed the probe-evoked response that followed the masker. The magnitude of
      the suppression correlated with the amount of the masker-evoked response: an
      increase in masker-evoked excitation caused a greater reduction in probe response
      magnitude. Amplitude of masker-evoked response was seen to be a monotonic or non
      monotonic function of ITD. The non-monotonic response exhibited a sensitivity to
      the interaural phase differences when in-phase and out-of-phase maskers were
      presented, and showed the tendency to be periodic function of ITD in the expanded
      range of ITD values. Phase-sensitive responses differed in recovery time
      following the in-phase and out-of-phase masking stimuli. At near-threshold levels
      of a forward masker an enhancement of the probe-evoked response was observed.

PMID- 13677668
TI  - Neuronal reactions in the dorsolateral pontine area during the immobility
      response in rats.
AB  - Reactions of 277 neurones located in the brain pons dorsolateral portion were
      analised in staying awake and narcotized rats during immobility reflex, induced
      by the skin constriction on the neck dorsal surface. Got excited: fast adaptive
      tactile neurons (n = 32), interneurons (n = 42), and cells forming monosynaptic
      inputs to the parts of medulla oblongata, which inhibit the movements (n = 10).
      Were inhibited: somatosensory (n = 42), nociceptive (n = 24) and nonidentificated
      (n = 14) neurons. In some neurons charge characteristics were stable or slightly
      modified, namely: respiratory neurons (n = 16), cell group, having stable
      background firing (n = 72) and stimulating antidromically spontaneously silent
      ponto-medullar neurons (n = 22).

PMID- 13677667
TI  - Involvement of striatum serotonergic system in the expression of genetically
      defined catalepsy.
AB  - The activity of the rate-limiting enzyme of serotonin biosynthesis, tryptophan
      hydroxylase, and specific binding of [3H]ketanserin to 5-HT2A receptors and [3H]8
      OH-DPAT to 5-HT1A receptors in the striatum of genetically predisposed to
      catalepsy rats and mice have been studied. The activity of tryptophan hydroxylase
      in the striatum of rats bred for many generations for predisposition to catalepsy
      was higher than in nonselected rats. Mice of highly susceptible to pinch-induced
      catalepsy CBA strain also differed from noncataleptic AKR and C57BL mouse strains
      by higher activity of tryptophan hydroxylase in striatum. Inhibition of
      tryptophan hydroxylase with p-chlorophenylalanine or p-chloromethamphetamine
      significantly decreased immobility time in genetically predisposed to catalepsy
      rats and mice. A decrease in the [3H]ketanserin specific binding in the striatum
      of cataleptic rats and CBA mice was found indicating a decrease in 5-HT2A
      receptor density. A decrease in [3H]8-OH-DPAT binding in striatum of cataleptic
      rats but not in CBA mice was shown. These results indicate that serotonergic
      system of striatum is involved in the expression of hereditary catalepsy and
      suggest that hereditary catalepsy may result from genetic changes in the
      regulation of serotonin metabolism and reception in striatum.

PMID- 13677669
TI  - Molecular mechanism of the desensitization of beta-adrenergic receptors and
      adenilate cyclase by hypoxia in human endothelial cells.
AB  - Long-term oxygen deficiency in vivo leads to the progressive blunting of
      responsiveness to sympathetic stimulation and blood catecholamines in many human
      and animal tissues. In order to better understand the molecular processes that
      underlie this phenomenon we examined the effect of hypobaric hypoxia (290 mm Hg,
      pO2 = 40 mM Hg) on the--beta-adrenoreceptor (beta-AR) density and the activity of
      adenylate cyclase (AC) and phosphoinositide turnover (PI-turnover) in cultures of
      human pulmonary artery and umbilical vein cells. We discovered that 30 min of
      hypobaric hypoxia increased basal levels of inositol mono-, bis- and tris
      phosphate, products of PI-turnover in endothelial cells (EC). After 60 min of
      hypoxia their content amounted to 250-300% of the basal level. Desensitization of
      PI-turnover to histamine stimulation in EC was observed after 60 min of hypoxia.
      Basal and isoproterenol (beta-AR-agonist)-stimulated AC activities therewith were
      markedly reduced. beta-AR-density was decreased in EC membranes after 2-3 hrs of
      hypoxia. Similar desensitization of beta-AR and AC occurred after 1-2 hrs
      treatment of EC with histamine and platelet activating factor (stimulators of PI
      turnover) and with phorbol myristate acetate (PK C activator). Neither hyproxia
      nor phorbol myristate acetate influenced beta-AR density or AC activity in
      protein kinase C-deficient EC (72 hrs treatment with phorbol myristate acetate).
      The data suggest that hypoxia-induced desensitization of beta-AR and AC in
      endothelial cells is mediated via hypozia-stimulated turnover and subsequent
      protein kinase C activation.

PMID- 13677670
TI  - Volume-dependent regulation of ion carriers in human and rat erythrocytes: role
      of cytoskeleton and protein phosphorylation.
AB  - This study examines the effect of heat-induced cytoskeleton transitions and
      phosphoprotein phosphatase inhibitors on the activity of shrinkage-induced Na+,
      K+, 2Cl- cotransport and Na+/H+ exchange in rat erythrocytes and swelling-induced
      K+, Cl- cotransport in human and rat blood cells. Preincubation of human and rat
      erythrocytes at 49 degrees C drastically activated K+, Cl- cotransport and
      completely (rat) or partly (human) abolished its volume-dependent regulation. The
      same procedure did not affect basal activity of Na+, K+, 2Cl- cotransport but
      completely abolished its activation by shrinkage thus suggesting the involvement
      of a thermosensitive element of cytoskeleton network in the volume-dependent
      regulation of cotransporters. Both the shrinkage- and electrochemical proton
      gradient-induced Na+/H+ exchange was inhibited by the heat treatment to the same
      extent (50-70%), thus indicating the different signaling pathways involved in the
      activation of Na+, K+, 2Cl- cotransport and Na+/H+ exchange by cell shrinkage.
      This suggestion is in accordance with data on the different kinetics of volume
      dependent activation and inactivation of these carriers as well as on their
      sensitivity to medium osmolality. Both swelling- and heat-induced increments of
      K+, Cl- cotransport activity were diminished by inhibitors of phosphoprotein
      phosphatases (okadaic acid and calyculin). In rat erythrocytes these compounds
      potentiate shrinkage-induced Na+/H+ exchange. On the contrary, neither basal nor
      shrinkage-induced Na+, K+, 2Cl- cotransport was affected by these compounds. Our
      results indicate a key role of cytoskeleton network in volume-dependent
      activation of K+, Cl- and Na+, K+, 2Cl- cotransport and the involvement of
      protein phosphorylation-dephosphorylation cycle in regulation of the activity of
      K+, Cl- cotransport and Na+/H+ exchange.

PMID- 13677671
TI  - The regulation of the extracellular matrix turnover in the experimental
      glomerulopathies.
AB  - Pathogenic mechanisms invoved in glomerulopathies were investigated on the
      passive form of accelerate model of nephrotoxic nephritis and puromycin
      aminonucleoside nephrosis. The aim of the present study was to examine the
      interaction of some cytokines produced by mononuclear leukocytes and mesangial
      cells in a regulation of synthesis and degradation of the extracellular matrix
      components and adhesion molecules expression. In acute stage of nephrotoxic
      nephritis and puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis the mononuclear leukocyte
      infiltration into glomeruli was noted. Mononuclear leukocytes produce cytokines
      that control mesangial cells proliferation and extracellular matrix accumulation.
      In summary the current study showed a key role of mononuclear leukocytes in
      inflammation and extracellular matrix turnover. The absence of mononuclear
      leukocytes or their abundance induce the disturbance of extracellular matrix
      synthesis and progression factors in glomerulosclerosis.

PMID- 13677673
TI  - Chaos theory: the transforming role of functional systems.
AB  - The review of applications of chaos theory in physiology shows, that this theory
      makes possible to get quantitative measure of degree of the order for such
      processes as neuronal activity, heart rate, electroencephalogram etc. The basic
      concepts of chaos theory--fractal dimension. Liapunov exponents, entropy, some
      algorithms for obtaining of quantitative characteristics of degree of the order
      for different processes--have been considered in this paper. The main areas for
      application chaos theory in physiology and medicine have been revealed and some
      examples of practical and theoretical achievements in this new region of
      investigation are given, as well as existing limitations and problems with
      results interpretation. Entirely new possibilities for understanding of the order
      in physiological processes are shown when estimation is made from the point of
      view of the functional system theory.

PMID- 13677672
TI  - Effects of metabolic substrates and inhibitors on weak organic anion transport in
      rat renal proximal tubules.
AB  - Stimulatory effects of intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle on renal
      uptake of a weak organic anion, fluorescein, were studied with the aid of the
      method of contact microfluorimetry of individual convoluted proximal tubules
      ascending to the surface of the rat renal cortex slices. The study was undertaken
      for verifying the hypothesis that energization of renal excretion of anionic
      exenobiotics is mediated through their transport across the basolateral membrane
      in exchange for cytoplasmic alpha-ketoglutarate serving as a counter-anion.
      Effects of inhibitors of the tricarboxylic acid cycle such as fluoroacetate,
      malonate and 5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylate on the fluorescein uptake and renal
      gluconeogenesis in the presence of the metabolic substrates were investigated in
      order to outline metabolic pathways that could be responsible for elevation of
      the cytoplasmic alpha-ketoglutarate. Obtained data evidence that the stimulatory
      effects of the tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates on the transport process
      under study depend on the metabolic state of the mitochondria and involve an
      activation of certain reactions but not the cycle as a whole. It has been
      suggested that an elevation of the cytoplasmic alpha-ketoglutarate resulting from
      this activation can be conditioned by export of isocitrate from the mitochondria
      with its subsequent transformation into alpha-ketoglutarate in the cytoplasm in
      the isocitrate dehydrogenase reaction.

PMID- 13677674
TI  - Palliative nursing care blends science and life's mysteries.

PMID- 13677675
TI  - RN champions health care in rural setting.

PMID- 13677676
TI  - RN educator transforms learning with art.

PMID- 13677677
TI  - Research reflects her concern for colleagues.

PMID- 13677678
TI  - Compassion fatigue: who cares for the caregivers? The key to recovery.

PMID- 13677680
TI  - Don't underestimate group A strep.

PMID- 13677681
TI  - CPR when the patient's pregnant.

PMID- 13677682
TI  - The latest hypertension guidelines.

PMID- 13677683
TI  - Rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 13677684
TI  - SARS. What have we learned?

PMID- 13677685
TI  - SARS. One hospital's story.

PMID- 13677686
TI  - Enteral feeding pumps.

PMID- 13677687
TI  - Advertising of professional services by dental practitioners. Part 2.

PMID- 13677688
TI  - Effect of biological contamination on dentine bond strength of adhesive resins.
AB  - The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the effect of saliva (S) and
      blood (B) contamination on the dentine bond strength of two single-component
      dentine bonding systems. The occlusal thirds of 120 recently extracted, human
      molars were removed with a low speed saw and subsequently embedded in Bencor
      rings by means of self-curing, acrylic resin. The occlusal surfaces were ground
      wet on 600-grit silicone carbide paper in a polishing machine to expose
      superficial dentine and to create a smear layer. The teeth were randomly divided
      into 12 groups (n = 10). All the dentine surfaces were etched with 34% phosphoric
      acid for 15 seconds rinsed with water, air-dried for 3 seconds, leaving the
      surfaces visibly moist. For the control groups (C) the etched dentine surfaces
      were treated with either, Scotchbond 1 (SB1, 3M) or Prime & Bond NT (PBNT,
      Dentsply) according to the manufacturer's instructions. In the contaminated
      groups, the saliva or blood was applied by means of a disposable brush, left
      undisturbed for 1 minute, and the excess then thinned by air spray. The dentine
      bonding systems were then applied, also according to manufacturer's instructions.
      Composite (Z250 and TPH) and Compomer (F2000 and Dyract AP (D-AP)) stubs were
      packed and cured incrementally to the corresponding pretreated dentine surfaces.
      All specimens were stored for 24 hours under water at 37 degrees C. The bonds
      were then stressed to failure with a Zwick testing machine, operating at a
      crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Fractured samples were examined in a Scanning
      Electron Microscope. The data were statistically analysed (Student-t test). The
      mean SBS (MPa) were. SB1 with Z250: C = 19.1 +/- 4.4; S = 17.3 +/- 3.5; B = 2.6
      +/- 0.9; SB1 with F2000: C = 11.8 +/- 3.3; S = 9.7 +/- 1.8; B = 4.7 +/- 1.6. PBNT
      with TPH: C = 9.2 +/- 3.2; S = 6.5 +/- 3.0; B = 4.3 +/- 1.5; PBNT with D-AP: C =
      10.2 +/- 3.6; S = 9.3 +/- 2.9 and B = 7.3 +/- 2.5. There was no statistical
      significant difference in shear bond strengths between the control and the saliva
      contaminated samples for both systems. There was, however, a significant
      difference in bond strengths between the control and the blood-contaminated
      samples. Blood contamination negatively influenced bond strength of bonding
      systems to dentine.

PMID- 13677689
TI  - Dental materials used by general dental practitioners.
AB  - As a follow-up to previous surveys regarding materials used by dentists a total
      of 1500 questionnaires were distributed to general dental practitioners in
      private practice. A response rate of 11.8% was achieved. The most popular
      products used during 1999 were identified. Changes in the choices of materials
      were observed when compared to previous surveys. This may be attributed to the
      development of various new products.

PMID- 13677690
TI  - Camouflage orthodontic treatment for a skeletal Class II patient--a case report.

PMID- 13677691
TI  - Evidence-based dentistry--is it possible?

PMID- 13677692
TI  - Prevention of cardiovascular disease: an evidence-based clinical aid.

PMID- 13677694
TI  - Follow-up system aims to improve patient safety.

PMID- 13677693
TI  - Program coordinates care, resources for medically complex children.

PMID- 13677695
TI  - Make sure that you are culturally competent.

PMID- 13677696
TI  - Cancer rehab improves function, quality of life.

PMID- 13677697
TI  - Patient satisfaction depends on staff morale.

PMID- 13677698
TI  - Independent CMs face greater HIPAA challenge.

PMID- 13677699
TI  - How to determine 'what's a business associate?'.

PMID- 13677700
TI  - Make diversity a part of daily operations.

PMID- 13677701
TI  - Patient safety alert. Hospital safety initiative targets behavioral health unit.

PMID- 13677702
TI  - Patient safety alert. Study shows safety risks for children, value of tool.

PMID- 13677703
TI  - Key developments in psychiatry.

PMID- 13677704
TI  - Managing bereavement.

PMID- 13677705
TI  - Casebook: psychiatric emergencies.

PMID- 13677706
TI  - How effective is the mental health act?

PMID- 13677707
TI  - A GP guide to schizophrenia.

PMID- 13677708
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of somatisation.

PMID- 13677709
TI  - Managing hypertension.

PMID- 13677710
TI  - Management of neck lumps.

PMID- 13677712
TI  - The right to live at risk.

PMID- 13677713
TI  - Nursing is more than "do no harm".

PMID- 13677714
TI  - Legislative changes will impact nurses' practice.

PMID- 13677715
TI  - Telephone advice.

PMID- 13677716
TI  - Safety to practice a major issue for B.C.'s registered nurses.

PMID- 13677717
TI  - Our commitment to you.

PMID- 13677718
TI  - Protracted House session results in special assessment, formation of DentalComp
      task force.

PMID- 13677719
TI  - Task force established to examine operations of DentalComp, Inc. Report and
      recommendations to be considered by 2004 house.

PMID- 13677720
TI  - $100 special assessment approved.

PMID- 13677722
TI  - Is that the way to do it?

PMID- 13677721
TI  - A nation divided.

PMID- 13677723
TI  - Independence day.

PMID- 13677724
TI  - 'I want to be the patients' Rasputin, working behind the scenes and watching out
      for the poisoned chalice'. Interview by Alison Moore.

PMID- 13677725
TI  - To tell or not to tell.

PMID- 13677726
TI  - Special treatment.

PMID- 13677727
TI  - Taking care of dying.

PMID- 13677728
TI  - Nurses' maths: researching a practical approach.
AB  - AIM: To compare a new practical maths test with a written maths test. The tests
      were undertaken by qualified nurses training for intravenous drug administration,
      a skill dependent on maths accuracy. The literature showed that the higher
      education institutes (HEIs) that provide nurse training use traditional maths
      tests, a practical way of testing maths had not been described. METHOD: Fifty
      five nurses undertook two maths tests based on intravenous drug calculations. One
      was a traditional written test. The second was a new type of test using a
      simulated clinical environment. All participants were also interviewed one week
      later to ascertain their thoughts and feelings about the tests. RESULTS: There
      was a significant improvement in maths test scores for those nurses who took the
      practical maths test first. It is suggested that this is because it improved
      their conceptualisation skills and thus helped them to achieve accuracy in their
      calculations. CONCLUSION: Written maths tests are not the best way to help and
      support nurses in acquiring and improving their maths skills and should be
      replaced by a more practical approach.

PMID- 13677729
TI  - Setting up a nurse-run young person's drop-in clinic.
AB  - This article explains the background and work of a young person's drop-in clinic
      which was set up by the author in lpswich. Over a 16-week period the clinic saw
      17 clients, most of them (n = 11) female. Issues raised included child
      protection, depression, bullying and sexuality. Seven clients were referred to
      other health professionals and social care.

PMID- 13677730
TI  - Menopause.
AB  - The menopause is a significant event in the lives of most women. Some have
      positive experiences while others may have difficulty managing their symptoms and
      adjusting to the changes that result. This article discusses the physiology,
      symptoms and treatment of the effects of menopause. Nurses are ideally placed to
      advise, inform and assist women in making decisions about their health during and
      following the menopause.

PMID- 13677731
TI  - At the heart of care.

PMID- 13677732
TI  - Benefits and protocols of oral sedation for implant surgery.

PMID- 13677733
TI  - Privileges and principles.

PMID- 13677734
TI  - Long-term care: part of retirement planning.

PMID- 13677736
TI  - [Our everyday quality...].

PMID- 13677735
TI  - Treatment of sleep-related breathing disorders: an overview.

PMID- 13677737
TI  - [Massage and health].
AB  - In this first article, the author, Dr. Sagrera Ferrandiz, introduces us to the
      most generic aspects of massage and its relationship with health. In order to do
      so, he carries out a historical review in the use of massage beginning with the
      Vedas, Hinduism's sacred texts, and ending in our days. In future articles, the
      author will deal with different types and uses of massage and their relationships
      with health.

PMID- 13677738
TI  - [Hydrocellular dressings in chronic wounds of various etiologies].

PMID- 13677739
TI  - [How is the nursing care process used?].
AB  - The author sets out to know the degree of use of the Nursing Treatment Process
      (NTP) and its possible relationship with these factors: its profile, knowledge
      about NTP and the Virginia Henderson Model (VHM), nurses case loads and nurses
      opinions. The subjects in this study have been nurses in the Sant Marti sanitary
      district in Barcelona. The methodology used consisted in transversal and
      qualitative descriptive studies performed in 2001; the use of NTP by means of an
      audit of at home patient visits, NTP-VHM knowledge and profile by means of an
      anonymous self-administered questionnaire which had 30 theoretical-practical
      questions; nurses case load study by means of an analysis of the population
      attended to by nurse per year and nursing activities; and a qualitative study
      which used opinion questions and interviews.

PMID- 13677740
TI  - [Intravenous catheters. Use and complications at an infective disease unit].
AB  - The purpose of this project is to learn what are the characteristics of using
      Intravenous Catheters, the complications related to their use, and to evaluate
      the effectiveness of a treatment protocol for nurses in an infectious illness
      ward according to a prospective and observational study on 187 cases involving
      intravenous catheters. Samples were carried out according to protocol. We note
      the low frequency of infectious complications which we believe is due to the
      scarce use of central catheters and parenteral nutritional methods as well as the
      use of a nursing treatment protocol which contributed to this reduction. The
      cases of non-infectious phlebitis was associated with peripheral catheters and
      with canalizations which occurred outside our ward. These results were published
      as a poster at the XXIII Congress of the Andalucian Society of Internal Medicine.

PMID- 13677741
TI  - [Significance of nutrition in hospitalized children. Diet supplementation].
AB  - In numerous cases, the diet which we follow is incorrect; this can take on
      special importance when dealing with children, especially if the child is
      hospitalized. In order to ensure the no dietary deficiencies are produced,
      dietary supplements are available for use which may be administered by diverse
      means and which provide an effective, easy solution to employ to avoid
      malnutrition during childhood.

PMID- 13677742
TI  - [Joint nursing report of discharge. Quality improvement program for care of post
      hospitalized patients].
AB  - The author describes the development and practice of program whose purpose is to
      increase the quality of at home care for post-hospitalized patients and to
      improve the relationship between Primary Health Care Centers and Specialized
      Health Care Centers. To this end, a Combined Report for a Certificate of Being
      Cured has been developed. As this program has been established and developed, its
      results have improved: More patients who leave the Hospital with a certificate of
      being cured are registered in Primary Health Care Centers in order to carry out
      the necessary treatment they require. As time passes, there is a higher degree of
      identification of the Hospital Service and the Health Center, as well as the
      Nursing Professional, so that there may be bilateral communication
      (Hospital/Center to Health-Center to Health/Hospital). Nursing care for this type
      of patient is becoming quicker all the time especially if we bear in mind the
      date of the hospital certificate of being cured and the contact date between the
      patient and the primary Health Center after the patient's release from the
      hospital.

PMID- 13677743
TI  - [Nursing and quality in IV therapy. From routine practice to safer practice].

PMID- 13677744
TI  - [Breastfeeding. Conditioning factors].
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To know the prevalence of maternal breastfeeding over distinctive
      ages of a child's life, in our ward, and to analyze the factors which bear an
      influence on its start, duration and stop. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In our study, we
      included 549 newborns who were born in and released in good health from the
      Palamos Hospital between March 1999 and March 2000. We carried out telephone
      surveys upon release from the hospital and at ages of one, three and six months.
      We compiled 82 variable which we processed and analyzed on Microsoft Excel. We
      defined the value p < 0.05 as statistically significant. RESULTS: 90.71% of
      newborns breastfed upon hospital release, 78.4% at one month, 58.28% at three
      months, and 32.8% at six months; of the latter, 53.6% belonged to immigrant
      families and 29.3% to European families. 54.43% of mothers from the European
      families studied attended Maternal Education. 83.13% of mothers who breastfed
      their babies had made their decision to do so before conceiving their child.
      CONCLUSIONS: We consider the rate of breastfeeding mothers to be satisfactory.
      Its prevalence progressively decreases as the child gets older without any
      important changes in any period. These are factors related to a higher rate of
      breast-feeding: immigrant families, full term pregnancy, low educational level,
      Maternal Education attendance, first births, decision to breastfeed made before
      conception, not giving any supplements, perception of milk production before
      hospital release and no to use nipple-shields nor pacifiers. Hypogalactia and
      mothers return to work are the main reasons for stopping breastfeeding.

PMID- 13677745
TI  - [Deeds, not just words. ROL's 25th anniversary].

PMID- 13677746
TI  - [From health technical aid to nursing graduate].
AB  - The author analyzes twenty official publications related to Nursing which, as
      Orders, Decrees, Royal Decree and Law, have been dictated over the time period
      stretching from 1953 to 2002 and which have been published in the "BOE", Official
      Register of State Documents. There are many changes which the Nursing Profession
      has undergone during these 49 years, of which the following deserve to be
      highlighted: the progressive increase in the educational demands for nurses, the
      start of specialties, the disappearance of differences associated to students'
      sex, the inclusion of Nursing studies at University level, and the focus,
      increasing all the time, of courses oriented directly towards knowledge
      specifically related to the Nursing Profession itself.

PMID- 13677747
TI  - [Relaxation. The art of loosening and releasing].
AB  - Relaxation is a procedure which provides calmness to the body, confidence to the
      heart and clarity to the mind. Relaxation is much more than resting. Relaxation
      brings about a state in which we feel tranquility and peacefullness, in which our
      emotions are tamed and our thoughts are appeased. If we relax, our entire body
      relaxes. Our muscles loosen up and rest, our aches and rigidity disappear. And
      from this state of well-being, our mind is lucid and open to confront life and to
      develop its maximum potential. Relaxation is not just a procedure to free us from
      stress and tension. It is a positive, multidimensional skill which we should
      learn from our infancy as a necessary resource to live and develop fully.

PMID- 13677748
TI  - [The student's journal. A tool for personal development].
AB  - The author introduces a very interesting instrument for education: a student
      newspaper. A newspaper is a tool which increases the acquisition of knowledge,
      skill, emotional interactions, etc. It definitely contributes to a better
      intellectual, emotional and overall development in students. The author describes
      the conditions for the correct use of a student newspaper, indicating which the
      roles should be for both professor and student.

PMID- 13677749
TI  - [Collagen powder dressing in the treatment of pressure ulcer. Multicenter
      comparative study assessing effectiveness and cost].
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Pressure ulcers are lesions that usually occur to people to whom
      the social and economical repercusions are quite serious. Although present
      treatments with moisture cure dressings are efficient and have a lot of
      advantages than traditional cure, they do not solve the problem in a significant
      group of patients, whose ulcers do not heal or need a much longer treatment.
      Collagen dressings represent an important improvement, since collagen is a key
      element for wound scarring. PATIENTS, MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a
      prospective, comparative and multicentrical study with Catrix, using as a control
      the same lesion. We compared pressure ulcers that had been previously treated on
      an average of 6 months without success with Catrix treatment within 7 weeks. We
      compared different variables, efficacy, opinion on the use of Catrix and economic
      cost. RESULTS: We included 104 pressure ulcers that fulfilled the inclusion
      requirements in the study. Three of them were excluded from the efficiency
      analysis because of a lack of data since they passed away 7 weeks later. We
      performed a statistical analysis on all the ulcers (GT) and we also analyzed the
      pressure ulcer subgroup (SG) included in this study because of a deterioration or
      a stagnation of the lesion despite previous treatments. Seven weeks after the
      beginning of the treatment with Catrix the healing or the stage change was
      observed in 73.3% of lesions of GT group and in 77.8% of lesions of SG group (p <
      0.0001). The average material cost and nursing cost from all the lesions that
      scarred within 7 weeks (n = 39) with previous treatment was 17.234, 10 euros and
      10.920 euros with Catrix. The average material cost per lesion used in the
      previous treatments was 441.9 euros and 280 euros with Catrix. DISCUSSION: These
      results prove that the treatment with Catrix significantly reduces the treatment
      length and therefore leads to a reduction of the sanitary cost in this kind of
      patients. Adding Catrix to the pressure ulcers treatment helps to increase
      significantly the scarring and improvement percentage of those pressure ulcers
      that do not respond to other treatments. It helps to improve patient's quality of
      life, and to reduce the costs of the treatment.

PMID- 13677750
TI  - [Beyond the clinical act. Role and responsibilities of health professions in
      modern health care organizations].
AB  - The increase in knowledge, the advance of diagnostic or therapeutic technologies
      and the universal right to health demand new roles and responsibilities from
      health organizations beyond clinical care itself. These include the construction
      of health organizations of professionals and not with professionals, in which
      importance is placed on knowledge and this is applied to improved service. Other
      concepts bear importance and must be kept in mind: an organization as a tool,
      autonomous management of centers, new management of public services,... All these
      factors lead us to conclude that professionals must get involved, assuming risks
      and decision making capacities; there also exists a need to be judged by society
      about how the resources which citizens provide through their taxes are utilized
      by health organizations.

PMID- 13677751
TI  - [Cerebral microdialysis. Brain metabolism monitoring].
AB  - This is a novel technique which provides information about all the happenings
      going on in the brain and which helps to better interpret the complete
      physiologic pathology of a patient suffering from serious cranial encephalitic
      trauma. The authors describe how to put this technique into practice, what
      materials are necessary to do so, and what conclusions may be obtained from
      biochemical analysis.

PMID- 13677752
TI  - [English, nature, and nursing. Learning English through the thought of Florence
      Nightingale].

PMID- 13677753
TI  - [AIDS, it exists].

PMID- 13677754
TI  - [Nursing outcomes and the reform of care processes (IV). Clinical pathways and
      reflexive training of nurses].
AB  - This article states the danger that exists if human activities are substituted by
      a standardized instrument; it insists that standardized treatment plans or
      clinical trajectories should be a tool which facilitates a nurse's labor and
      allows a nurse to dedicate more time at a patient's bedside. In terms of
      professional development, this implies a focus directed at the acquisition of
      procedures as well as social and intellectual aptitudes. This also assumes that
      the directors, who occupy a post that is key to setting treatment policy, adopt a
      position which favors the development of an autonomous role in professional
      practice.

PMID- 13677755
TI  - [Optimizing the use of reagent strips by type 2 diabetics].
AB  - What is considered to be the best metabolic self-control method among diabetic
      patients is to practice capillary glycemia. Nonetheless, the inappropriate use of
      reactive strips leads to an increase in expenses without preventing
      complications. Therefore, the authors want to find out if patients make an
      appropriate use of these strips; to evaluate whether or not a health education
      training program optimises their use and if it improves metabolic control; and to
      check to see if their effects last over time when patients stop using them. As a
      result, the authors carried out a longitudinal intervention study without a
      random selection; this study was carried out in a urban primary health care unit.
      The subjects were 267 type 2 diabetes sufferers who were under pharmaceutical
      treatment and a self-control method. There were 3 periods to compare the use of
      strips and metabolic control methods: 1) initial consumption level measurement
      during which reactive strips were dispensed upon demand, 2) dispensing strips
      after some health education training program, and 3) dispensing strips without
      any educational training program. The authors conclude that the health education
      training program carried out by nurses is effective because it optimises the
      consumption of reactive strips while maintaining a stable metabolic control. The
      authors presenting their findings orally at the 10th "FEAED" National Congress.

PMID- 13677756
TI  - [Constipated children].
AB  - A large number of children suffer habitually from constipation, a problem which
      bears considerable repercussions on the physical and emotional well-being of the
      patient and causes tensions in their family environment. From 1996 to 1999, the
      authors studied the clinical and epidemiological data from patients in a Primary
      Health Care Pediatrics. Ward at which the main reason for consultation, or at
      least one of the main reasons, was chronic constipation. In this article, the
      authors evaluate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 68 children
      whose ages vary from 3 to 13 out of a total of 1368 who were diagnosed with
      functional constipation as well as the results obtained from a plan to assess,
      care for and treat these patients.

PMID- 13677757
TI  - [Distance postgraduate college education in direction and management of geriatric
      centers].

PMID- 13677758
TI  - [Preanalytical quality control. Sample drawing room at the Torrecardenas hospital
      in Almeria].

PMID- 13677759
TI  - [Mepentol, the first product for the prevention and treatment of grade I pressure
      ulcers].

PMID- 13677761
TI  - [Recent history of psychoactive drugs].
AB  - The author presents an interesting historical review about the use of
      psychoactive substances throughout history, proposing the use of the term
      "entogenic" meaning "that which awakens or generated an experience of a divinity
      in one's interior" for these substances, since this term has more in common with
      the ethnographic use of those substances. In contemporary times, the author
      speaks about Dr. Hofmann's discovery, LSD-25, and how this is related to
      psychedelic experiences in the western world. As the years have passed, this
      situation evolved from being a very interesting topic in human minds to become a
      problem as these substances became known to the general public. Finally, this
      article analyzes some of the contemporary paradigms in the use of psychoactive
      drugs: psychometrics, psychedelics, enteogenic or personal development.

PMID- 13677762
TI  - [Salem witches, flying brooms, and synthetic drugs].
AB  - As supplementary material to Health Education programs about synthetic drugs, the
      authors present a historical summary on LSD, stramonium and khat. "Tripis",
      Special K and other synthetic pills contain these substances and are being widely
      used by youths. The history of these main hallucinogenic active ingredients has a
      strong tie to the mythology of witchcraft and witches: a historically interesting
      time period bearing a large amount of religious intolerance. The objective of
      this review is to end the belief today's youth have that they are taking new
      substances which have no risks.

PMID- 13677763
TI  - [What should be kept in mind when a patient with illicit drug overdose is
      admitted to the emergency department?].
AB  - The admission in emergency wards of patients having problems with, or suffering
      from an overdose of, drugs is a habitual event. The main cause is alcoholic
      intoxication, followed by heroin abuse until about four or five years ago.
      Nowadays emergency care for an overdose of cocaine, or its derivatives, and
      synthetic drugs such as ecstasy or liquid ecstasy is growing. In this article,
      the author describes the protocols used in the Hospital Clinic and lists the most
      frequently observed intoxications in the emergency word.

PMID- 13677764
TI  - [Modern appearance and dangerous contents. Interview by Maria Jesus Nadal Nadal].

PMID- 13677765
TI  - [Changes in gasometric values as a result of plastic syringes refrigeration].
AB  - With the objective to carry out a quality control check on the storage of
      arterial blood samples in order to take postponed gasometric measurements, the
      authors designed an experimental comparative study of paired blood samples, one
      in refrigerated plastic syringes and the other kept at room temperature to study
      the effectiveness or not of refrigerating this type of syringes. The results
      obtained in this study contradict the rules of protocols currently in use since
      these results, advise against the refrigeration of this material since that
      produces a significant increase in the values of partial oxygen pressure.
      However, the changes in pH and pCO2 do not show any significant statistical
      importance. The authors provide an explanation to this phenomenon and they
      recommend that working protocols be corrected to not refrigerate blood samples if
      these are taken with common plastic, polypropylene, syringes.

PMID- 13677766
TI  - [Pediatric serial urinary cystoureterography. Needs, nursing diagnosis, and care
      protocol].
AB  - The authors present the causes which lead to carrying out a Series of Urinal
      Tract Retrograde Cystography (CUMS) study in a child and they discuss some
      reasons which justify the elaboration of a nursing treatment protocol and the
      corresponding procedures in order to care for the child. To make a protocol for a
      procedure facilitates and enhances its execution. Nursing treatments, like any
      other activity, are susceptible to having a protocol and therefore can improve
      their quality. Nurses in the radio-diagnostic pediatrics ward at the University
      Hospital Reina Sofia in Cordoba are elaborating treatment protocols for every one
      of their radiological studies for the care of every child to whom we attend whom
      requires nursing care. In this article some protocols and procedures are
      commented on along with the reasons which justify their elaboration.

PMID- 13677767
TI  - [Acronyms and abbreviations in the clinical history].
AB  - The authors identify the acronyms, initials and abbreviations which have been
      produced in the different services at this hospital, establishing unified
      utilization criteria and creating a valid list for the center's administrative
      statutes. The authors conclude that there is an excessive utilization of
      abbreviations in clinical files, more than 30 per file on average, and the
      professional staff is barely aware that they are abusing these abbreviations. To
      effect changes in habits regarding their use will require time and perseverance.

PMID- 13677768
TI  - [Back to the future. Homage to the 25th year of nursing as part of the
      university].
AB  - This is a magnificent article by one of the most qualified nursing authors in our
      country. In order to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the incorporation of
      Nursing in Spanish universities, this author reviews the role the magazine ROL
      has played in this field, the milestones which have brought about changes in our
      health system, the current situation of university degrees in Nursing, and the
      our integration into the European studies system. This author finishes with a
      hopeful and combative vision of the future which awaits us.

PMID- 13677769
TI  - [Women's social growth].

PMID- 13677770
TI  - [Nursing and telephone technology for the care of chronic patients].

PMID- 13677771
TI  - [Central venous pressure. Variations in patients with intolerance to supine
      decubitus].
AB  - An accurate measure of central venous pressure has great clinical value; although
      at times due to causes inherent in the pathology of a patient this cannot be
      measured be the utmost conditions. The position a patient has in bed invariably
      affects the final measurement of central venous pressure in that patient. It is
      important to bear this in mind for patients who do not tolerate a supine
      position, such as those with polytraumatic injuries. The authors studied the
      variations in central venous pressure values taken on the same patient when he
      was in a supine position and when he had his bed inclined 45; the authors opted
      for an analytical study using 1061 measurements on patients checked into the
      intensive care ward at the Nuestra Senora de Fatima Clinic in Seville. The
      correct placement of the central catheter, either clavicle, jugular or "DRUM"
      placement, was confirmed by means of radiological testing in each of these
      patients. After obtaining these central venous pressure measurement values, the
      authors related these to the patient's corporal mass index, a comparison of
      weight in kilograms to height en square meters; they observed that when a
      patient's corporal volume is greater, greater is the difference between the
      measurements in a supine position and with bed inclined 45 degrees, in favor of
      the first measurement.

PMID- 13677772
TI  - [Out-of-the-hospital emergencies. Application of nursing diagnosis].
AB  - The objective of this project is to use standardized treatment plans using
      nursing diagnosis based on the taxonomy provided by the North American Nursing
      Diagnosis Association (NANDA) on patients cared for in the outpatient emergency
      ward as well as to improve the communication among the nurses in the emergency
      ward and the health clinics. In order to do this, the authors drew up a simple,
      easy to use register. This is a research project using health research
      methodology. IDER. Universidad de Alcala. Universidad de Antioquia.

PMID- 13677773
TI  - [Basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation].
AB  - Since the introduction of the modern techniques for cardiopulmonary resuscitation
      in the 1960s, professionals have discussed the need to standardize its
      application and teaching both among health care professionals and the general
      public.  The "ILCOR", Committee to Coordinate Resuscitation Techniques, in an
      effort to simplify resuscitation techniques, set out some recommendations in
      August 2000 which were adopted by the leading organizations such as AHA and ERC,
      in charge of diffusing Vital Suport techniques. In these, different levels of
      attention have been incorporated depending on the qualifications which the person
      has who is provide this treatment.   The most important changes are the necessity
      to put Emergency Medical Services into action rapidly; the techniques to follow
      if there are one or two persons apply resuscitation techniques; for artificial
      resuscition emergency care, new volumes depending on the use or non-use of
      oxygen; the acceptance of devices to open up alternate air passageways;
      recommendations whether or not it is pertinent to check on a patient's pulse
      depending on the qualifications of the person attending that patient; heart
      message techniques exterpulmonary resuscition woth only thorax compression and
      automatic external defibrillation.

PMID- 13677774
TI  - [Cerebrovascular diseases, a calamity of the 21st century].

PMID- 13677775
TI  - [Treatment of menopause with acupuncture].
AB  - After analyzing the causes of hot flashes caused by menopause according to the
      theories of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the author describe nine clinical case
      studies and their corresponding diagnoses according to the five basic elements:
      water, wood, fire, land and metal. In virtually every case study, once the
      corresponding treatment of choice was applied, an improvement in the patient's
      symptoms was observed along with a positive evaluation on behalf of these
      patients.

PMID- 13677776
TI  - [Comparison of a transparent dressing with gauze. Venous blood vessel
      maintenance].
AB  - The authors describe a prospective, random study which compares the usefulness,
      advantages and inconveniences between a 3M Tegaderm transparent surgical dressing
      and a gauze dressing under a protocol for the maintenance of peripheral venous
      blood vessels. Their conclusions highlight as major differences the ease and
      speed in the use of the 3M Tegaderm transparent surgical dressing, the vision in
      the syringe nozzle insertion zone allowed by this dressing and a higher degree of
      early detection of phlebitis when this dressing is used. This article was awarded
      the second place prize in the First 3M Tegaderm Contest.

PMID- 13677777
TI  - [Stroke units. Project, development, and outcome at a university hospital].
AB  - After a brief introduction about what an lctus Word is, the authors describe the
      project for an lctus Ward at the Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital in Girona.
      Afterwards, the authors analyze its development and its results during its
      existence. The authors conclude that there has been a significant increase in
      benefits for patients since they have received new therapeutic treatments in a
      specialized ward, furthermore, both doctors and nurses have had the opportunity
      to develop new research projects.

PMID- 13677778
TI  - [Acute phase of stroke].
AB  - Ictus treatment requires an urgent, coordinated, multidisciplinary effort be
      carried out. Pharmacological treatment of an acute phase of Ictus is another step
      in an integrated treatment of our patients. The author will concentrate on the
      specific pharmacological treatment indicated to care for acute Ictus without
      dealing with the standard support care nor with the treatment of the most usual
      complications.

PMID- 13677779
TI  - [Self-informative course CADE for nursing graduates. An alternative to face-to
      face training].

PMID- 13677780
TI  - [Experiencing relaxation: a technique to reduce anxiety].

PMID- 13677781
TI  - [Treatment of skin lesions combining hydrofiber and extra-fine hydrochloride
      dressings].
AB  - Multicentric trial to test the efficacy of the combined use of two hydrocolloid
      dressings (AQUACEL + Varihesive Extra Fino) or a hydrocolloid dressing and gauze
      in the treatment of different aetiology lesions. Includes 1,805 patients with
      lesions that can be treated with the cure system under study, without wound
      dimensions or severity restrictions. At the end of the trial period, 78.3% of the
      lesions reached healing or a significant improvement of their condition,
      resulting in an increase of patients' quality of life. 90% of patients confirmed
      their willingness to continue the treatment with AQUACEL.

PMID- 13677782
TI  - [Relationship between epidural analgesia and type of delivery].
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship which exists between the administration of
      an epidural analgesic during labor and an instrument-aided, either with forceps
      or a suction cup, childbirth in the Teresa Herrera Maternity-Infant Care Hospital
      in A Coruna for the clinical cases studied during 1999. MATERIALS AND METHODS:
      380 cases were selected by lot by going through clinical files; of these 190 had
      received epidural analgesia while the other 190 had not. RESULTS: Regarding
      isolated association between epidural analgesic usage and instrument-aided
      childbirth, we found that the risk of an instrument-aided childbirth is high (OR
      2.7) when an epidural analgesic is administered. However, when we analyze our
      results weighing various factors which may cause confusion, we discover that if
      it is a woman's first birth, if the newborn's weight is greater than or equal to
      3500 g and if an epidural analgesic is administered have an independent effect,
      in this order, on the presence of an instrument-aided childbirth. At the same
      time, this study showed a similar occurrence of cases of intra-labor fetal
      suffering for both groups (5.8% among childbirths in which epidural analgesia was
      administered and 5.3% among childbirths in which epidural analgesia was not
      administered); a statistically insignificant relationship (since is less than
      0.05%). CONCLUSION: The increase of an instrument-aided childbirth when an
      epidural analgesic is administered is due more to factors related to the
      aforementioned analgesia (such as first child birth, fetal weight greater than or
      equal to 3500 g or a tendency to shorten labor without fetal suffering,...) than
      to the analgesic itself. The impact of this on the latest developments in
      childbirth could be affected by a change in obstetrics practices.

PMID- 13677783
TI  - [Quality is also a question of detail].

PMID- 13677784
TI  - [Osteoporosis and climacteric. Therapeutic actions].
AB  - Due to osteoporosis, bones are thinner and more fragile, which increases the
      number of fractures, especially in the hip. Due to the fact that this illness is
      a serious individual and social problem in today's world, it is therefore
      extremely important to diagnose it correctly and apply the appropriate treatment.
      This treatment, usually, is based on some general measures combined with other
      pharmacological ones, among which these are worthy to note: administering calcium
      and vitamin D and substitute hormone therapy.

PMID- 13677785
TI  - [The first consultation].
AB  - The first time patient consultation with a psychiatrics nurse is the first step
      in a patient's therapeutic procedure when he/she consults a mental health center.
      Obviously, its importance is based on three aspects: 1. the reception and initial
      aid provided to a patient, 2. determining the degree of the patient's needs and
      recording pertinent information in a clinical file which will allow for better
      planning of successive treatment, 3. in a diagnosis of a patient's problems and
      selecting the most opportune nursing care plan. We wish to place special stress
      on those problems and treatments which we refer to as "intra-consultation" and
      which enable better communication and patient confidence with respect to
      successive ongoing treatment and "extra-consultation" care; these features are
      those precise ones which make first time patient consultation a nurse's activity.
      This study refers to 500 consultations which occurred during 1996-97 under the
      auspices of a general study of basic nursing care plans.

PMID- 13677786
TI  - [Support groups in oncology. How does the nurse intervene?].
AB  - Participation by nurses in support groups are beneficial for oncology patients
      and their families since they improve their degree of adaptation and they promote
      effective mechanisms to confront one's illness. This improvement in quality of
      life is reflected in patients emotional, physical, social and spiritual state;
      furthermore, in some cases this leads to an increase in their survival. Due to a
      nurse's role, oncology patients' families improve their adaptation to the
      situation; moreover, nurse's aid provides the necessary support to patients
      during their medical treatment. The authors review the existing literature about
      nurses' participation in support groups in order to improve a patient's and
      his/her family's adaptation to cancer and all it entails. With this objective in
      mind, the authors present the conceptual and empirical concepts of a support
      group along with their overall objectives and possible benefits. Finally, the
      authors document the role of nursing in support groups for oncology patients and
      their families. This study was financed by the Carlos III Health Institute as
      part of the Evaluation Studies of Health Technologies, reference FIS 00/10107.

PMID- 13677787
TI  - [Do community nurses read professional literature in La Rioja?].

PMID- 13677788
TI  - [Home care for the terminal patient].

PMID- 13677790
TI  - [Glasgow scale].

PMID- 13677789
TI  - [Care management unit. What do professionals think about its implementation?].
AB  - Clinical management in nursing requires structural changes. In order for the
      creation of Management Units for Treatment of Patients to be successful, a
      predisposition is necessary as well as the need for professionals to assume the
      role of a participant in this innovation. It is obligatory to carry out an
      investigative process prior to putting this change into effect. In our study, we
      ran a two phase investigation: in the first phase, brainstorming was the method
      employed, with a subsequent process during which ideas were grouped together
      according to their common traits; in the second phase, a nominal group technique
      was used. Four groups each having a different profile for the four segments to be
      analyzed were set up. There were 39 participants. Samples selection was carried
      out in a non-probabilistic systematic manner, by means of key informants. The
      results indicated there is a high interest level in this topic, as well as
      controversy. There is a variety in expectations and information is abundant,
      prioritized and classified.

PMID- 13677791
TI  - [Implantable subcutaneous venous access. Management].
AB  - In this second article on subcutaneous venous access implants, the authors make
      an in depth presentation on how to handle these devices. The main topics which
      are covered include: nomenclature, indications, complications, how to set or
      implant this device and nursing treatment. Under the nursing treatment section,
      the authors explain care and maintenance, general regulations, what procedure to
      follow if one confronts an unusual resistance during an injection, fibrinolithic
      treatment, and the intraspinal system.

PMID- 13677792
TI  - [Implantable automatic defibrillator].
AB  - Automatic defibrillators which can be implanted have developed into a major
      advancement to treat patients suffering from cardiac arrhythmias, and especially
      cases of ventricular tachy-arrhythmias, which degenerate into ventricular
      fibrillation and can lead to cardiac arrest. Since tachy-arrhythmias can cause
      sudden, unexpected death, is it necessary to identify high risk patients who do
      not show any clinical signs. The authors describe the history of automatic
      defibrillators which can be implanted, how they are implanted, the models
      available and their indicated usage.

PMID- 13677793
TI  - [[Prospects and evolution in the management of the manic patient. Introduction].

PMID- 13677794
TI  - [Medico-legal aspects].

PMID- 13677795
TI  - [Informing the patient and his family].

PMID- 13677796
TI  - [Therapeutic options in manic states].

PMID- 13677798
TI  - Introduction to evidence-based imaging.
AB  - Society is increasingly demanding proof that imaging has an impact on patient
      outcome and questioning its cost on the health care delivery system. Radiologists
      should provide the following three key components in their research publications:
      (1) the statistical power and confidence intervals of the results obtained; (2)
      the diagnostic performance of the tests, including sensitivity, specificity, and
      ROC curves; and (3) comprehensive decision analysis and cost-effectiveness
      analysis to determine the impact that imaging has on health outcome, cost, and
      quality of life. Strict adherence to these evidence-based medicine principles
      would help advance the field and provide the best health care for patients.

PMID- 13677799
TI  - Evidence-based neuroimaging in acute ischemic stroke.
AB  - The imaging work-up of patients with acute neurologic deficits should begin with
      noncontrast CT to exclude intracerebral hemorrhage. Based on positive results
      from the NINDS t-PA trial, the overriding objectives of imaging in the selection
      of patients for t-PA treatment are the detection of hemorrhage and rapid
      evaluation (speed of imaging). Despite its limited sensitivity for the
      identification of an ischemic stroke lesion, CT has multiple advantages over MR
      imaging in the initial diagnostic work-up. Advanced MR techniques promise to
      provide anatomic, physiologic, and vascular information in a single examination,
      and the ability to increase treatment specificity and improve outcome. Clinical
      outcome data are lacking; therefore, the routine use of screening MR imaging
      before t-PA therapy is not supported. Rigorous validation and correlation to
      clinical outcomes will be required.

PMID- 13677800
TI  - Sickle cell disease and stroke in a pediatric population. Evidence-based
      diagnostic evaluation.
AB  - Cerebrovascular complications are common in SCD and constitute a major source of
      concern to the pediatric hematologist. These complications can be either
      clinically overt or covert. The authors' review of the diagnostic tests does not
      offer absolute indications for neuroimaging because most of the evidence is based
      on studies that are not randomized controlled trials. Imaging guidelines for
      children have emerged based on the available level 2 and 3 literature, however,
      CT and MR imaging remain the initial tests of choice for stroke assessment, and
      TCD is the imaging tool of choice for stroke prevention. Based on guidelines
      handed down from the NIH, TCD has become a part of routine continuing care of
      children with SCD.

PMID- 13677801
TI  - Neuroimaging in Alzheimer disease: an evidence-based review.
AB  - Current clinical criteria (DSM-IIIR and NINCDS-ADRDA) for the diagnosis of
      dementia and AD are reliable; however, these criteria remain to be validated by
      clinicians of different levels of expertise at different clinical settings.
      Structural neuroimaging has an important role in initial evaluation of dementia
      for ruling out potentially treatable causes. Although CT is the appropriate
      choice when brain tumors, subdural hematoma, or normal pressure hydrocephalus is
      suspected, MR imaging is more sensitive to the white-matter changes in vascular
      dementia. The diagnostic accuracy of PET, SPECT, 1H MRS, and MR volumetry of the
      hippocampus for distinguishing patients with AD from healthy elderly individuals
      is comparable to the accuracy of a pathologically confirmed clinical diagnosis.
      Sensitivity of PET for distinguishing patients with dementia with Lewy bodies
      from AD, however, is higher than that of clinical evaluation; similarly, SPECT
      and 1H MRS may be adjuncts to clinical evaluation for distinguishing patients
      with frontotemporal dementia from those with AD. Neuroimaging is valuable in
      predicting future development of AD in patients with MCI and in carriers of the
      ApoE epsilon 4 allele who are at a higher risk of developing AD than are
      cognitively normal elderly individuals. Quantitative MR techniques (e.g., MR
      volumetry, DWI, magnetization transfer MR imaging, and 1H MRS) and PET are
      sensitive to the structural and functional changes in the brains of patients with
      MCI, and hippocampal volumes on MR imaging are associated with future development
      of AD in these individuals. PET is also sensitive to the regional metabolic
      decline in the brains of carriers of the ApoE epsilon 4 allele. The longitudinal
      decrease of whole brain and hippocampal volumes on MR imaging, NAA levels on 1H
      MRS, cerebral glucose metabolism on PET, and cerebral blood flow on SPECT are
      associated with rate of cognitive decline in patients with AD. These neuroimaging
      markers may be useful for monitoring symptomatic progression in groups of
      patients with AD for drug trials. Furthermore, antemortem MR-based hippocampal
      volumes correlate with the pathologic stage of AD, and the rate of hippocampal
      volume loss on MR imaging correlates with clinical disease progression in the
      cognitive continuum from normal aging to MCI and to AD. Hence, as an in vivo
      correlate of pathologic involvement, structural imaging measures are potential
      surrogate markers for disease progression in patients with established AD and in
      patients with prodromal AD, who will benefit most from disease-modifying
      therapies underway.

PMID- 13677802
TI  - Evidence-based medicine: neuroimaging of seizures.
AB  - Evidence-based medicine is useful in epilepsy and neuroimaging (Figs. 1 and 2).
      An understanding of the pretest probability suggests that focal neurologic
      deficits are important in predicting the outcome of neuroimaging examinations. In
      cases of nonacute symptomatic seizures, confusion and postictal deficits should
      prompt MR evaluation. In remote symptomatic seizures, MR imaging should be
      performed in a child with unexplained cognitive or motor delays or a child less
      than 1 year of age. Patients with partial seizures, abnormal EEG, or generalized
      epilepsy also should be imaged. Acute seizures should be imaged with CT to
      exclude hemorrhage and because of the availability and speed of the modality.
      Ictal SPECT is the best neuroimaging examination to localize seizure activity. MR
      imaging can offer prediction of surgical outcome and may hold promise in the
      future for dimensional localization of seizure focus. Evidence-based medicine can
      only work if there is physician communication. The pretest probability is helpful
      only when an accurate history is provided to the consulting physician. This field
      will flourish if physicians can develop accurate methods of collating information
      and reporting it in a timely fashion in the literature.

PMID- 13677803
TI  - Adults and children with headache: evidence-based diagnostic evaluation.
AB  - Headache represents one of the most common complaints in the outpatient and
      emergency room setting [1]. Most causes of headache are benign and do not require
      emergent imaging or intervention. The authors' review of the diagnostic tests
      does not offer absolute indications for neuroimaging because most of the evidence
      is based on studies that are not randomized controlled trials. Imaging guidelines
      for adults and children, however, have emerged based on the available level 2 and
      3 literature. CT imaging remains the initial test of choice for new-onset
      headache in adults and headache suggestive of SAH. Most of the available
      literature also recommends performing lumbar puncture when CT is equivocal in
      ruling out SAH [1]. The sensitivity of MR imaging appears to be less than CT for
      SAH [1]. Newer MR imaging techniques need to be tested and developed to determine
      if they have higher sensitivity than CT or lumbar puncture in the detection of
      SAH. In adults with suspected brain metastatic disease, contrast-enhanced MR
      imaging is the imaging study of choice [38,39]. Contrast-enhanced MR imaging is
      the examination of choice for brain metastatic lesions less than 2 cm [39]. CT
      angiography and MR angiography have sensitivities greater than 85% for brain
      aneurysms larger than 5 mm [43]. If clinically warranted, aneurysms smaller than
      5 mm may require digitally subtracted angiography because of the low sensitivity
      of MR and CT angiography. In children, the choice of diagnostic test strategy
      depends on the risk group. In high-risk patients, MR imaging is the test of
      choice whereas in low-risk patients, close clinical observation with periodic
      reassessment is the best strategy [44]. Clinical diagnosis will always play a key
      role in the evaluation of headache disorders; however, for the small subset of
      patients who present with headache secondary to an intracranial space-occupying
      lesion, bleeding, or SAH, making the diagnosis is crucial to decreasing morbidity
      and mortality. CT, MR imaging, and lumbar puncture play important roles in the
      assessment of headache disorders, but their future roles will continue to evolve
      as the technology becomes more sophisticated and robust, and physicians become
      more expert with their use [1].

PMID- 13677804
TI  - Brain neoplasms: epidemiology, diagnosis, and prospects for cost-effective
      imaging.
AB  - Currently, the literature lacks a solid body of research on decision and cost
      effectiveness analysis of imaging strategies for adults and children suspected of
      having a brain neoplasm. This article describes the epidemiology and clinical
      presentation of brain neoplasms, reviews current diagnostic strategies,
      highlights gaps in the literature on decision and cost-effectiveness analysis,
      and suggests directions for future research.

PMID- 13677805
TI  - Imaging evaluation of sinusitis: diagnostic performance and impact on health
      outcome.
AB  - Sinusitis is a highly prevalent disease, with a significant impact on the health
      care economy. Sinus CT is the primary imaging modality for evaluation of acute
      and chronic sinusitis. The roles of CT for patients with sinusitis are to assist
      clinical diagnosis, to evaluate the extent of disease, and to provide detailed
      anatomy necessary for treatment planning. Although sinus CT has been criticized
      for lack of specificity and correlation with patients' clinical symptoms, sinus
      CT may provide pivotal objective information that affects treatment decisions for
      acute and chronic sinusitis. This article provides a clinical overview and
      reviews the role of imaging studies in diagnosis and treatment of sinusitis.

PMID- 13677806
TI  - How different MR imaging criteria relate to the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis
      and its outcome.
AB  - This article reviews the evolution of MR imaging criteria used to diagnose
      multiple sclerosis (MS) over the past decade and a half to help demonstrate how
      these changes have influenced the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosing and
      treating patients with MS. The article discusses the benefits and drawbacks of
      making very specific diagnoses versus sensitive but less specific diagnoses. In
      addition, the application of these various diagnostic criteria to patient
      outcomes and clinical trials is reviewed.

PMID- 13677807
TI  - Evidence-based imaging evaluation of the cervical spine in trauma.
AB  - Despite the relatively low frequency of cervical spine fractures in trauma
      patients, tremendous resources are expended on the use of imaging to exclude
      fracture. Some level 2 evidence can direct the selection of subjects for imaging
      and optimization of the imaging strategy. A suggested algorithm for evidence
      based cervical spine imaging is shown in Fig. 1. This algorithm is based on the
      sequential assessment of two questions: (1) Is imaging necessary? (2) If imaging
      is necessary, what is the optimal strategy? The NEXUS and the Canadian cervical
      spine prediction rule investigations are large methodologically sound
      observational studies of clinical indications for cervical spine imaging that
      have addressed the question of who should undergo imaging. The results of these
      studies indicate that simple clinical criteria can be used to exclude fracture
      safely without imaging in many low-risk subjects. Data from these studies suggest
      that the implementation of such prediction rules into practice may reduce
      unnecessary imaging, although more research is necessary to document the actual
      effects. In subjects in whom imaging is indicated, cost-effectiveness analysis
      can be performed to determine the optimal imaging strategy. For high-risk
      subjects, cost-effectiveness analysis suggests that CT is the preferred initial
      strategy. When compared with radiography, the higher short-term costs of CT are
      counter-balanced by the decreased need for further imaging in patients without
      injury and by the increased sensitivity for fracture. The high-risk cervical
      spine criteria used at the author's center seem to be valid for identifying
      appropriate patients for initial imaging with CT.

PMID- 13677808
TI  - Imaging of adults with low back pain in the primary care setting.
AB  - The evidence for the diagnostic accuracy of the four main imaging modalities used
      in low back pain (plain radiographs, CT, MR imaging, radionuclide bone scans) is
      variable in quality and limits the ultimate conclusions regarding the
      effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of diagnostic strategies. In addition, the
      frequent finding of abnormalities in normal adults limits the specificity of all
      of these tests. Nevertheless, MR imaging is likely in most cases to offer the
      greatest sensitivity and specificity for systemic diseases, and its performance
      is superior to that of radiographs and comparable with CT and radionuclide bone
      scans for most conditions causing neurologic compromise.

PMID- 13677809
TI  - Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and primary lateral sclerosis: evidence-based
      diagnostic evaluation of the upper motor neuron.
AB  - Magnetic resonance imaging and MR spectroscopy are important tools in the
      diagnostic evaluation of patients with suspected motor neuron disease. Further
      investigation is needed to determine and to compare the utility of various
      neuroimaging markers for diagnosis and disease progression [112]. Newer MR tools,
      such as diffusion tensor imaging, magnetization transfer imaging, and functional
      MR imaging, have substantial promise as scientific and clinical tools in this
      ongoing endeavor.

PMID- 13677810
TI  - Occult spinal dysraphism: evidence-based diagnosis and treatment.
AB  - This article reviews the scientific evidence behind the diagnostic tools
      available for the appropriate workup and management of patients with occult
      spinal dysraphism (OSD). The diagnostic tools include the use of detailed history
      and physical examination, plain films, ultrasound, MR imaging, and
      neurophysiologic tests. In addition, the article discusses the epidemiology of
      the most common causes of OSD in children, which will allow physicians caring for
      children to develop a pretest probability of disease and make a more educated
      decision as to when additional diagnostic testing is required.

PMID- 13677812
TI  - Percutaneous vertebroplasty: rationale, clinical outcomes, and future directions.
AB  - Percutaneous transpediculate vertebroplasty is an innovative and successful
      treatment of painful osteoporotic and pathologic compression fractures that are
      refractory to medical therapy. Large-scale clinical series have shown that
      vertebroplasty can provide significant pain relief with very low complication
      rates. Expectations of positive results of the ongoing randomized trials are
      high. With the accumulation of scientific data, technological advancements, and
      acceptance by the general community, vertebroplasty may be become the standard of
      care for treatment of painful vertebral body compression fractures.

PMID- 13677811
TI  - Scoliosis: evidence-based diagnostic evaluation.
AB  - This article summarizes the evidence behind the imaging evaluation of scoliosis,
      which is primarily performed with plain radiographs and MR imaging. Issues
      related to the radiographic evaluation of spinal curvature include interobserver
      variability of scoliosis measurements and the radiologist's detection of
      unexpected findings. The effects of radiation exposure during scoliosis
      evaluation and strategies to minimize radiation dose are summarized. The use of
      MR imaging in idiopathic scoliosis is discussed, with special attention to
      imaging groups at higher risk for underlying pathology of the neural axis.

PMID- 13677813
TI  - Vision and the brain, Part II.

PMID- 13677814
TI  - Spatial attention: normal processes and their breakdown.
AB  - Although "attention" is a general term in everyday folk and psychologic use,
      using research from cognitive psychology allows a focus on the processes
      associated with attention. A process-oriented definition of attention [2] makes
      "attention" a concept that can be studied rigorously. Attention is necessary for
      eliminating unwanted sensory inputs or irrelevant behavioral tasks and is useful
      when some cognitive system or process receives too many inputs. Attention acts to
      restrict the number of inputs and allow processing to continue in an effective
      manner. Although there are many forms of attentional selection, spatial attention
      is the most studied and perhaps the best understood form of selection. Spatial
      attention is the variety of attention most widely studied in neuropsychologic
      populations. As was evident from the authors' review, different neuropsychologic
      syndromes can be characterized as involving different difficulties with the
      component processes of spatial attention. Different neural structures work in
      concert to produce normal spatial selection, and damage to any of these neural
      structures, including the parietal and frontal lobes, pulvinar, and superior
      colliculus, produce an attentional impairment. Attentional impairments often have
      been studied in cases of focal brain damage resulting from stroke, traumatic
      brain injury, tumor, and surgical resection. Focal or multifocal lesions caused
      by neurodegenerative impairments, such as PSP and AD, however, also have marked
      effects on neural processes of attention. Patients with AD exhibit a range of
      impairments in spatial attention, and these impairments have been studied
      relatively little. Despite the understanding of attention provided by various
      patient populations, gaps remain in knowledge of the mechanisms involved in
      attending to space. For example, most studies of neurologic patients have used a
      simple spatial cuing paradigm with highly predictive cues. Although this task
      yields robust results and can be adapted for use with many different patient
      groups, the spatial cuing effects produced by such tasks have multiple
      interpretations (e.g., allocation of resources versus reduction of decision
      noise). This review highlights the general point that different neural sites seem
      to be responsible for different forms of attentional control, such as object
      based attention, attentional task switching, and the executive control of
      attention [8.33]. Understanding the integration of these neural sites and their
      relationship to cognitive processes and, ultimately, behavior, will increase
      understanding of normal and disordered attentional selection.

PMID- 13677815
TI  - Disorders of motion and depth.
AB  - Damage to the human homologue of area MT produces a motion perception deficit
      similar to that found in the monkey with MT lesions. Even temporary disruption of
      MT processing with transcranial magnetic stimulation can produce a temporary
      akinetopsia [127]. Motion perception deficits, however, also are found with a
      variety of subcortical lesions and other neurologic disorders that can best be
      described as causing a disconnection within the motion processing stream. The
      precise role of these subcortical structures, such as the cerebellum, remains to
      be determined. Simple motion perception, moreover, is only a part of MT function.
      It undoubtedly has an important role in the perception of depth from motion and
      stereopsis [112]. Psychophysical studies using aftereffects in normal observers
      suggest a link between stereo mechanisms and the perception of depth from motion
      [9-11]. There is even a simple correlation between stereo acuity and the
      perception of depth from motion [128]. Future studies of patients with cortical
      lesions will take a closer look at depth perception in association with motion
      perception and should provide a better understanding of how motion and depth are
      processed together.

PMID- 13677816
TI  - Visual imagery in cerebral visual dysfunction.
AB  - Many sorts of deficits in imagery follow brain damage, but the relation between
      the site of damage and the type of deficit is not simple or straightforward. The
      dissociations in performance after brain damage provide hints regarding the
      processing system underlying imagery, but difficulties in interpretation urge
      caution in mapping these findings to theoretic models. Neuroimaging techniques,
      such as PET and fMRI, open a window into the working brain and offer valuable
      information not easily accessible through the study of patients, who, as noted,
      may have deficits beyond those observable and may rely on compensation and neural
      reorganization. As we come to understand the mental imagery system more fully,
      such issues as the laterality of image generation are likely to prove too coarse
      and vague. The brain is an enormously intricate organ, and even within a
      circumscribed domain such as imagery it seems to process information in complex
      and subtle ways.

PMID- 13677817
TI  - Visual consciousness in health and disease.
AB  - Conscious experience is an essential part of normal human life and interaction
      with the environment. Yet the nature of consciousness and conscious perception
      remains a mystery. Because of its subjective nature, consciousness has been
      difficult to investigate scientifically, but clues have been gained through
      studies involving patients with cortical lesions. During the past decade, the
      development of event-related fMRI has provided insights into aspects of conscious
      perception in control subjects and patients with cortical lesions by correlating
      awareness and performance with neural activity during visual tasks. This article
      reviews how recent research has advanced understanding of conscious perception,
      its relationship to neural activity and visual performance, and how this
      relationship can be altered by visual dysfunction. It also presents recent
      research about how conscious awareness of vision might be represented at a neural
      level in the central nervous system.

PMID- 13677818
TI  - Developmental disorders of vision.
AB  - This review of developmental disorders of vision focuses on only a few of the
      many disorders that disrupt visual development. Given the enormity of the human
      visual system in the primate brain and complexity of visual development, however,
      there are likely hundreds or thousands of types of disorders affecting high-level
      vision. The rapid progress seen in developmental dyslexia and WMS demonstrates
      the possibilities and difficulties inherent in researching such disorders, and
      the authors hope that similar progress will be made for congenital prosopagnosia
      and other disorders in the near future.

PMID- 13677819
TI  - Visual dysfunction, neurodegenerative diseases, and aging.
AB  - The four most common sight-threatening conditions in older adults in North
      America are cataract, ARM, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy. Even in their
      moderate stages, these conditions cause visual sensory impairments and reductions
      in health-related quality of life, including difficulties in daily tasks and
      psychosocial problems. Many older adults are free from these conditions, yet
      still experience a variety of visual perceptual problems resulting from aging
      related changes in the optics of the eye and degeneration of the visual neural
      pathways. These problems consist of impairments in visual acuity, contrast
      sensitivity, color discrimination, temporal sensitivity, motion perception,
      peripheral visual field sensitivity, and visual processing speed. PD causes a
      progressive loss of dopaminergic cells predominantly in the retina and possibly
      in other areas of the visual system. This retinal dopamine deficiency produces
      selective spatial-temporal abnormalities in retinal ganglion cell function,
      probably arising from altered receptive field organization in the PD retina. The
      cortical degeneration characteristics of AD, including neurofibrillary tangles
      and neuritic plaques, also are present in the visual cortical areas, especially
      in the visual association areas. The most prominent electrophysiologic change in
      AD is a delay in the P2 component of the flash VEP. Deficits in higher-order
      visual abilities typically are compromised in AD, including problems with visual
      attention, perceiving structure from motion, visual memory, visual learning,
      reading, and object and face perception. There have been reports of a visual
      variant of AD in which these types of visual problems are the initial and most
      prominent signs of the disease. Visual sensory impairments (e.g., contrast
      sensitivity or achromatopsia) also have been reported but are believed more
      reflective of cortical disturbances than of AD-associated optic neuropathy.

PMID- 13677820
TI  - Neuropsychologic rehabilitation for visuoperceptual impairments.
AB  - Impairments of visual perception resulting from brain damage can have serious
      implications for many aspects of patients' lives, and these impairments should be
      targeted for intervention. Rehabilitation programs need to be individually
      tailored to each patient's needs; thus, characterization of a patient's visual
      perception and related abilities, by means of neuroophthalmologic and
      neuropsychologic evaluations, is a necessary starting point for rehabilitation.
      Several promising treatment approaches based on restorative and compensatory
      methods are described, although as yet there is limited systematic study of the
      efficacy of these methods. Treatment models and compensatory devices from the
      mature field of low-vision rehabilitation have obvious application in the
      rehabilitation of cortically based visual perceptual impairments. In addition,
      ongoing rapid advances in the cognitive neuroscience of vision are likely to
      provide guidance in the development of new interventions. One area in which
      functional imaging studies may prove useful is gaining information regarding
      critical periods of recovery and plasticity. For some visuoperceptual disorders,
      restorative procedures may be of particular benefit in facilitating brain
      reorganization during certain recovery periods, but rehabilitation specialists
      still have few empiric data to guide their efforts. Despite the major limitations
      in our understanding of key issues influencing outcome, most patients with
      cerebral visual dysfunction can receive some benefit from carefully designed
      rehabilitation programs.

PMID- 13677821
TI  - [Contrast media: systematic premedication must disappear].

PMID- 13677822
TI  - [Prevention of severe reactions after iodinated contrast media injection: review
      of the literature].
AB  - One of the goal of a premedication before contrast agent injection is to decrease
      their adverse effects. However, no randomized study was published to date on the
      value of a systematic premedication for the prevention of immediate severe
      reactions. A knowledge of pathophysiological mechanisms and patients at risk
      seems to be essential. The allergic mechanism is probably one of the etiologic
      diagnosis, but this hypothesis needs to be confirmed by a multicenter prospective
      study. A patient who has had previous allergic reaction with contrast agent
      should undergo intradermal tests so as to identify and eliminate the culprit
      contrast medium in order to avoid any subsequent allergic accidents. Indeed,
      measurement of specific IgEs has not been validated for contrast media. The test
      dose should be discarded because it is a false security. The eventuality of
      adverse effects of the drugs used for premedication should not be underestimated.

PMID- 13677823
TI  - [Imaging of neonatal neurological disorders].
AB  - Neonatal brain disorders consist of a wide chapter including brain malformations,
      hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, intracranial infections, perinatal trauma and
      metabolic encephalopathies. The aim of this review paper is to describe the main
      imaging modalities (ultrasonography, CT, MRI) that are used extensively for the
      diagnosis of neonatal brain disorders, with their respective advantages and
      limitations, to illustrate and describe the main brain lesions encountered in the
      neonatal period, particularly with MRI since its role has increased over the
      recent years. We will focus on hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, materno-fetal
      infections, metabolic encephalopathies and stroke, those four conditions being
      the most frequent so far. Imaging modalities, especially MRI, by showing the
      extent of brain damage, are part of the prognostic factors in cases of infective
      causes and of hypoxic-ischemic origin. MRI is also very efficient in showing
      brain damage as atrophy and white matter abnormalities suggestive of an
      underlying abnormal brain of metabolic origin.

PMID- 13677824
TI  - [Scrotal ultrasonography. Part I: common non-cancerous pathologies].
AB  - Pathological processes of the scrotum are very numerous. They are composed by few
      common well known diseases and a large spectrum of rare lesions. The testis may
      be involved by some systemic diseases. Ultrasound is the main modality for
      scrotal imaging and complementary to clinical evaluation. When a tumoral process
      is suspected, surgery is required to confirm the diagnosis and provide histology.
      The role of MR remains under evaluation.

PMID- 13677825
TI  - [Treatment of local recurrent melanomas by isolated limb perfusion: value of
      Doppler ultrasonography].
AB  - PURPOSE: To assess the effectiveness of Color Doppler Ultrasound (US) in the
      follow-up of recurrent melanoma of the limbs treated by isolated limb perfusion
      (ILP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was done looking at 18
      patients treated by isolated perfusion of the limb. Number, size and vascularity
      of subcutaneous metastases were examined for all patients. The results of pre and
      post therapeutic examinations were compared with clinical data and evolution.
      RESULTS: US was superior to clinical examination in the detection and measurement
      of subcutaneous metastases. Decrease in tumor size and early disappearance of
      tumoral vascularity were associated with an effective tumor response to
      treatment. Early disappearance of vascularity was associated with early complete
      response. Initial presence or persistence of vascularity before the third month
      after treatment were not poor prognostic factors. The appearance of vascularity
      seemed to be an indicator of early failure of the treatment. CONCLUSION: Color
      Doppler US is highly effective for the follow-up of patients with recurrent
      melanoma of the limbs. It provides prognostic factors of treatment failure, which
      may lead to early modification of the treatment strategy.

PMID- 13677826
TI  - [Spontaneous hyperdense intracranial vessels seen on CT scan in polycythemia
      cases].
AB  - PURPOSE: A better understanding of the significance of diffuse hyperdensity
      affecting the circle of Willis and the dural sinuses on unenhanced CT. MATERIALS
      AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of 19 patients with a
      neurological manifestation and a CT scan without contrast injection. Among these
      19 patients, six had been included because of primary or secondary polycythemia.
      The analysis of cerebral CT scans was made qualitatively by visual inspection and
      quantitatively. RESULTS: In patients with a hematocrit percentage exceeding 60%,
      both circle of Willis and dural sinuses were dense on unenhanced CT scans. A
      linear relation between the hemoglobin level and the contrast of the dural
      sinuses compared with the grey matter was observed with an excellent correlation
      (r = 0.934; n < 0.0001; p = 19). CONCLUSION: Increased density of cerebral
      vessels on unenhanced CT is a sign of a high hemoglobin level.

PMID- 13677827
TI  - [Monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the calcaneus: two case reports].
AB  - The authors report two unusual cases of aggressive monostotic fibrous dysplasia
      involving the calcaneus. This lesion occurs on the 2th decade of life. The main
      symptom is talalgia. On plain films, differential diagnosis includes aggressive
      cystic or pseudocystic lesions of the calcaneus. On MR imaging, the tumor matrix
      is more suggestive of the diagnosis. Treatment of this aggressive form of fibrous
      dysplasia consists of a surgical curettage completed by cryotherapy and graft
      because of a high level of recurrence.

PMID- 13677828
TI  - [Hydatid cyst of the heart interventricular septum: multidetector CT scan and MRI
      findings].
AB  - The present case illustrates the value of multidetector CT scan and cardiac MRI
      for the diagnosis of a hydatid cyst of the interventricular septum of the heart.
      These new modalities can help both for surgery planning and follow-up.

PMID- 13677829
TI  - [Cholestatic icterus due to primary duodenal lymphoma].
AB  - Primary lymphoma of the duodenum presenting with obstructive jaundice is a rare
      entity. We report a case of primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the duodenum
      producing biliary obstruction, definitively diagnosed by ultrasound-guided fine
      needle biopsy. Complete remission of the disease occurred after chemotherapy.

PMID- 13677830
TI  - [Quid? Trans-hiatal hernia after a Nissen type anti-gastroesophageal reflux
      intervention].

PMID- 13677831
TI  - More than diagnosis.

PMID- 13677832
TI  - Direct adhesive restoration of anterior teeth: Part 3. Procedural considerations.
AB  - Direct composite restorations represent a minimally invasive, aesthetic treatment
      option. The development of contemporary bonding procedures has allowed for
      improved aesthetics and restorative success. Incorporation of predictable
      adhesive protocols will increase the restoration's longevity and durability. This
      article presents the restorative procedures, adhesive protocol, and insertion
      considerations that must be addressed when using resin bonded options.

PMID- 13677833
TI  - Provisional restoration of teeth prepared for porcelain laminate veneers: an
      alternative technique.

PMID- 13677834
TI  - Getting back to basics. Part 2: Prevention and promotion go hand in hand.

PMID- 13677835
TI  - Impression-taking considerations for predictable indirect restorations.

PMID- 13677836
TI  - Reconstruction of anterior teeth using an aesthetic post-and-core and all-ceramic
      material.
AB  - Ceramic post-and-core systems offer biocompatibility, aesthetics, reinforcement
      of the remnant root, and prosthesis retention. Aesthetic posts-and-cores
      contribute to the optical properties of the overlying restorations when metal
      free crowns are used. This article illustrates the use of these materials to
      provide strength and aesthetics during the restoration of endodontically treated
      teeth. The case presentation detailed herein demonstrates the rehabilitation of
      anterior dentition following substantial structural loss and exhibits the
      biomechanical treatment of these structures using contemporary restorative
      materials.

PMID- 13677837
TI  - Mammoth versus "mom and pop" laboratories.

PMID- 13677838
TI  - Clinical and laboratory considerations for the use of CAD/CAM Y-TZP-based
      restorations.
AB  - Prospective clinical studies are evaluating the long-term success of Y-TZP-based
      all-ceramic FPDs. Y-TZP-based infrastructures for crowns and FPDs present
      favorable physical, mechanical, and optical properties. Some Y-TZP-based
      restorative systems use CAD/CAM technology. Nevertheless, technicians should be
      able to employ traditional concepts of infrastructure design for both crowns and
      FPDs when using such materials. The purpose of this article is to review the
      properties of Y-TZP-based materials as a restorative infrastructure and to review
      the application of traditional concepts of framework design with CAD/CAM
      technology.

PMID- 13677839
TI  - Creating the new patient experience--Part 2: New patient calls could mean
      $200,000.

PMID- 13677840
TI  - Techniques for nonvital bleaching.

PMID- 13677841
TI  - The role of the implant housing in obtaining aesthetics: Part 2. Customizing the
      peri-implant soft tissue.
AB  - The successful placement of single-tooth implants can be evaluated by the degree
      of implant osseointegration, longevity of the restoration, and the aesthetics
      provided by the prosthesis. Implant aesthetics can be determined by the degree of
      scallop and harmony achieved with the surrounding peri-implant collar of
      gingivae. This article analyzes features of the abutment-restoration complex that
      are critical to customization of the peri-implant tissues and the development of
      the ultimate aesthetic peri-implant gingival profiles.

PMID- 13677842
TI  - Digital imaging: "a picture is worth a thousand words".

PMID- 13677843
TI  - All about context.

PMID- 13677844
TI  - HIPAA. Privacy and primary care operations. Point.

PMID- 13677845
TI  - HIPAA impacts for primary care. Will the burdens outweigh the benefits?
      Counterpoint.

PMID- 13677846
TI  - Keeping codes current. An ethics program to support nursing practice.
AB  - In this article, we focus our attention on the Canadian Nurses Association's Code
      of Ethics (Code) for Registered Nurses (1997) and the background against which it
      was developed. In doing so, we highlight the participation of nurses in its
      development and the strategies designed to keep the Code "alive," useful, and
      current.

PMID- 13677847
TI  - Perceptions of first-line nurse managers. What competencies are needed to fulfill
      this role?
AB  - First-line nurse managers have experienced an unprecedented shift in their roles
      and responsibilities as a result of health care reform. Consequently, there is a
      need to identify competencies required of first-line nurse managers in a changing
      health care environment. A descriptive, exploratory study of nurse managers in a
      western Canadian province was conducted using a combined quantitative and
      qualitative approach. The research instrument was comprised of three parts: a
      questionnaire that grouped five categories of competencies (technical, human,
      conceptual, leadership, and financial management); demographic data; and a
      critical incident technique that allowed the subjects to elaborate on a specific
      incident in their practice when they "performed at their best" as a manager.
      Findings revealed that nurse managers' need for knowledge and understanding was
      greater than their ability to implement managerial competencies. The exploration
      of competencies of first-line nurse managers has implications for curriculum
      development in leadership and management courses in nursing programs, as well as
      managerial development in health care agencies. Results will assist educators and
      administrators in addressing the changing needs of current and future nurse
      managers.

PMID- 13677848
TI  - Phenomena and actions of collective health nursing in Brazil.
AB  - Joining in the effort of the International Council of Nurses (ICN) to develop the
      International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP), the Brazilian Nursing
      Association (ABEn) designed the project International Classification of Nursing
      Practice in Collective Health (CIPESC). One of the purposes of that project was
      to contribute to the confirmation of terms that have already been identified
      and/or the identification of new terms that might expand the ICNP. As a first
      phase of the project, quantitative data were collected to describe the research
      sites and the nursing staff composition; in the second phase, using focus group
      methodology, qualitative data were collected and analyzed to describe the
      collective health nursing practices, and to produce a vocabulary inventory of
      terms related to nursing phenomena and nursing actions in collective health in
      Brazil. This article describes the methodology and the results of the second way
      of analyzing the qualitative data collected--production of a vocabulary inventory
      of terms related to nursing phenomena and nursing actions in collective health.

PMID- 13677849
TI  - Medication errors. A bitter pill.
AB  - According to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, over 770,000
      hospitalized Americans are injured or die each year from adverse drug events. The
      scope of the problem is now recognized by governmental and professional agencies.
      Traditionally, the legal and healthcare systems have focused on identifying
      incompetent and poorly performing healthcare providers as the cause of patient
      injury instead of systematically making the system safer. The solution to this
      problem lies in understanding how and why medication errors occur and identifying
      what can be done to prevent them. This article will identify the factors that
      contribute to adverse medication events in healthcare and discuss current
      initiatives to prevent errors. The role of nursing in improving medication
      administration and reducing adverse events will be detailed.

PMID- 13677850
TI  - Disagrees with article.

PMID- 13677851
TI  - Takes issue with state board.

PMID- 13677852
TI  - Pop drinking, poor diet lead to decay.

PMID- 13677853
TI  - COBRA: when and how do I comply?

PMID- 13677854
TI  - Advising patients of dental mistakes.

PMID- 13677855
TI  - Case two: the "do-gooder" dentist who wasn't so good.

PMID- 13677856
TI  - The one thing you can do now to help the profession of dentistry.

PMID- 13677857
TI  - The new tax act: what it means for you.

PMID- 13677858
TI  - What you should know about mandatory CDE.

PMID- 13677859
TI  - A legacy for dentistry.

PMID- 13677860
TI  - Another set of eyes.

PMID- 13677861
TI  - Let NYSDA do the shopping for you.

PMID- 13677862
TI  - NYSDA volunteers bring oral health message to thousands of schoolchildren.

PMID- 13677863
TI  - Oral lichen planus. Update for the general practitioner.
AB  - There are a variety of dermatologic disorders that commonly present in the oral
      cavity. Among these is lichen planus which may affect the oral mucous membranes.
      Dentists need to be familiar with the clinical presentations of this disease.
      This article will review the common signs and symptoms of oral lichen planus, and
      will discuss the tools and criteria used to diagnose this disorder. We will also
      described the modalities available to clinicians to treat this disease.

PMID- 13677864
TI  - Observation of an amalgam-bonded tooth through a scanning electron microscope.
AB  - Bonding dental amalgam to tooth reduces the occurrence of marginal leakage,
      fracture and sensitivity. However, most studies of amalgam bonding have made use
      of resin cements and the conventional three-bottle bonding agents. In this study,
      a newer, single-bottle bonding agent was used to bond amalgam both to dentin and
      enamel. Interfaces of bonded amalgam and unbonded amalgam were observed under the
      scanning electron microscope.

PMID- 13677865
TI  - The oral health of New Yorkers. It's good, but could be better.
AB  - Results from the National Oral Health Surveillance System provide an overview (at
      the state and national levels) of the burden of oral disease and the use of oral
      health services. Compared to national averages, New York State residents are
      doing fairly well. But these same indicators, when used to compare findings for
      individual states, place New York State residents far from the top and present
      wide variations among various population groups within the state. The challenge
      is made to reach beyond the complacency of doing fairly well and being just above
      average.

PMID- 13677866
TI  - "Save a Nurse" campaign benefits Hackley nurses.

PMID- 13677867
TI  - Castles and contracts.

PMID- 13677868
TI  - The FMLA: knowing when to assert your rights.

PMID- 13677869
TI  - E-prescribing slashes pharmacy costs 10% in 6 months.

PMID- 13677870
TI  - Software tool reveals financial impact of clinical guideline usage.
AB  - Skepticism could prevent your practice from standardizing the delivery of care
      and benefiting from the proliferation of quality-based incentive programs, which
      depend on the use of clinical guidelines.

PMID- 13677871
TI  - Prostate cancer clinic improves time to treatment.
AB  - Patients with prostate cancer can benefit from having alternatives to surgery,
      but the wide variety of options does tend to lengthen time to treatment, as
      patients can spend weeks going from doctor to doctor gathering information before
      making a decision.

PMID- 13677872
TI  - Lehigh Valley Hospital makes open heart surgery an ideal patient experience.
AB  - Open-heart surgery is normally associated with large academic medical centers,
      not smaller community hospitals. So when the Lehigh Valley Hospital and Health
      Network wanted to extend its open-heart surgery program from its flagship
      teaching hospital to a 112-bed facility, administrators knew they had to get it
      right.

PMID- 13677873
TI  - Procedure room for kids improves provider productivity, frees operating rooms.
AB  - Screaming, kicking children can turn what should be a five-minute outpatient
      procedure into a long ordeal for both the physician and the child's parents. The
      staff at the Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center has come up with a solution that
      has calmed the nerves of young patients and the doctors who treat them.

PMID- 13677874
TI  - [Chronic obstructive lung disease, a world public health issue, a challenge for
      each and hope for all].

PMID- 13677875
TI  - [Spontaneous viral clearance in patients with acute hepatitis C].

PMID- 13677876
TI  - [Alveolar echinococcosis of the liver. Mass ultrasound screening in the Haut
      Cantal area].
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Mass systematic screening for alveolar echinococcosis (AE) of the
      liver in the Haut Cantal endemic area. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Targeted population
      was composed of the members of the Mutualite Sociale Agricole of the area, from
      16 to 65 years old. 2077 notifications were sent, corresponding to 20% of the
      population of this area, defined by a triangle between Egliseneuve d'Entraigues,
      Riom es Montagne and Saint Flour. Two screening tests were performed: Elisa
      serology test and liver ultrasound examination. RESULTS: Participation levels
      were relatively low-ultrasound: 18.92%, serology: 17%. Among 350 liver
      examinations, 2 suspicions of AE were found: CT and serology confirmed the
      diagnosis in the first symptomatic patient; CT and biopsy confirmed the diagnosis
      in the other asymptomatic patient in whom serology was normal. CONCLUSION:
      Ultrasound screening showed at least a 0.57% prevalence of AE, i.e., 2 cases out
      of 350. This low rate however confirms that Haut Cantal is an endemic area, but
      with a lower incidence rate than in other endemic areas.

PMID- 13677878
TI  - [Cystic lymphangioma of the lesser omentum].
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Cystic lymphangiomas of the abdomen are rare tumors. These tumors
      are discovered fortuitously or during a complication. OBSERVATION: In a 5 year
      old child, examined in an emergency because of suspected appendicitis, two cystic
      lymphangiomas of the small omentum were discovered, one measuring 10 cm and the
      other 7 cm and attached to the first with posterior extension in the lesser sac
      of the peritoneum. COMMENTS: The majority of abdominal cystic lymphangiomas are
      discovered in the early years of life. There are two major revelation lodes: a
      tumoral syndrome with pain or a complication (torsion, infection, rupture). The
      treatment is surgical with excellent prognosis.

PMID- 13677877
TI  - [Prognosis of severe community-acquired pneumonia in alcoholic patients
      hospitalized in intensive care].
AB  - INTRODUCTION: The purpose of our study was to determine prognosis factors of
      alcoholic patients hospitalised in an intensive care unit with severe community
      acquired pneumonia (SCAP). METHOD: Chronic alcoholism was defined by intake of
      pur alcohol more than 36 g per day for more than one year and severe community
      acquired pneumonia by the criteria of the American Thoracic Society. RESULTS: 50
      patients were included. Mortality rate was 48% in the department and 68% at two
      months after dismissal from intensive care. 1 Yen percent of patients were
      admitted in a state of shock (100% mortality). The most frequent pathogen was
      Streptococus pneumoniae (38%). The major complications were: 24% acute
      respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), 18% multi-organ failure, 48% disseminated
      intravascular coagulopathy (DIC), 48% pulmonary superinfection. Antibiotherapy
      was not conform to current guidelines in 20% of cases and hence led to 90% death.
      DISCUSSION: Mortality rate was higher than in other studies. Bad prognosis
      factors were identified: severe state on admission, shock on admission or
      subsequently, non adapted initial antibiotherapy, Child's score B and C,
      Streptococus pneumoniae, complications: ARDS, superinfections, coagulopathy,
      multi organ failure.

PMID- 13677879
TI  - [Manifestations of rifampicin-induced hypersensitivity].
AB  - INTRODUCTION: The side effects of rifampicine due to an immunoallergic mechanism
      are rare and usually observed during discontinued treatment or administration of
      high doses. OBSERVATIONS: An immediate hypersensitivity reaction with
      anaphylactic manifestations and increase in IgE occurred in a 39 year-old man
      suffering from resistant tuberculosis. The reaction occurred within the first
      hour following a low dose of rifampicin administered in a desensitisation
      attempt, the outcome of which was favourable after administration of
      corticosteroids and antihistamines. A type II hypersensitivity reaction occurred
      in a 76 year-old male patient in the form of thrombopenia on D76 of a twice
      weekly treatment, diagnosed because of hemoptysis with normalisation of platelet
      level on withdrawal of rifampicin. An immune complex hypersensitivity reaction
      was responsible for hepato-renal failure on D68 of twice weekly treatment and
      required permanent withdrawal of rifampicin and dialysis, which led to subsequent
      improvement. COMMENTS: These clinical cases illustrate the variability of the
      hypersensitivity mechanisms observed with rifampicin, the difficulty in
      imputability tests and methods for immunological confirmation, the interest of
      continuous treatment which avoids a certain number of these accidents, and that
      of desensitisation during immediate hypersensitive reactions which permits the
      continuation this major anti-tuberculosis drug.

PMID- 13677880
TI  - [Which antithrombotic treatment should be used in the treatment of an elderly
      patient with chronic atrial fibrillation?].
AB  - FREQUENCY AND CONSEQUENCES: The incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) increases
      regularly with age and affects nearly 10% of persons aged over 80. The risk of
      thromboembolism (notably stroke) associated is enhanced the older the patient and
      the more cardiovascular risk factors she/he exhibits. ADVANTAGES AND RISKS OF
      ANTICOAGULANTS: Treatment with anticoagulants is the only treatment that has
      demonstrated its efficacy in reducing the risks of thromboembolism, however there
      is a risk of haemorrhage. IN PRACTICE: A patient with AF exhibits both a risk of
      thromboembolism and a risk of haemorrhage. When confronted with such patients,
      the practitioner must choose an antithrombotic (anticoagulant or anti-arrhythmic
      agent) after careful objective and individual assessment of all the risks present
      in a given patient.

PMID- 13677882
TI  - [Serotonin reuptake inhibitors in depression of Alzheimer's disease and other
      dementias].
AB  - RATIONALE IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: Selective serotonine uptake inhibitors (SSRI)
      have demonstrated their effectiveness for symptomatic treatment of depression, as
      well as for behavioral and psychological disorders in dementia patients,
      particularly in Alzheimer's disease. TOLERANCE: SSRI are particularly well
      tolerated, particularly in comparison with tricyclic antidepressants. Nausea and
      vomiting may be a problem in old demented patients. Safety studies have shown
      that tolerance is not modified in patients with Alzheimer's disease. DRUG
      INTERACTIONS AND PHARMACOKINETICS: Fluoxetine and paroxetine have an inhibiting
      effect on metabolism of cholinesterase inhibitors which should be avoided. The
      compounds have a short half-life and non-active metabolites should be preferred.
      TRAZODONE: Studies conducted in patients with Alzheimer's disease, mixed type
      dementia, or fronto-temporal dementia have shown the efficacy of trazodone for
      diverse types of symptoms: sadness, emotional disorders, irritability, fear,
      psychomotor instability, delirant ideas. Efficacy of SSRI in patients with Lewy
      body dementia remains to be confirmed.

PMID- 13677881
TI  - [Indications for anticoagulant use in secondary prevention of strokes].
AB  - THE CONTEXT: The demonstration of the efficacy of oral anticoagulants in the
      secondary prevention of ischemic stroke represents a major progress in medicine
      in the last twenty years. Efficacy in fact depends on the causes and this
      determines the indications. ADMITTED AND DEMONSTRATED INDICATIONS: Cardiac
      arrhythmia due to atrial fibrillation and the existence of mechanical prosthetic
      valves are the only two indications that have been demonstrated with sufficient
      proof. ADMITTED NON-DEMONSTRATED INDICATIONS: These are basically the dissection
      of cervical arteries, aortal cross atheroma, vascular cerebral accidents within
      the context of antiphospholipid antibody syndromes. POSSIBLE INDICATIONS: There
      are three: stenosis of the intra-cranial arteries, patent foramen ovale with
      atrial septum aneurysm and the basilar dolichoectasia trunks. NON-DEMONSTRATED
      SUPERIORITY: In atherosclerosis-induced cerebral ischemic accidents.

PMID- 13677884
TI  - [Publication of the 2002 Practice Guidelines for Parkinson's Disease: Application
      of the guidelines to EBM based tailor-made medicine].

PMID- 13677883
TI  - [Recommendations for the management of COPD. Essential points/general medicine
      version].

PMID- 13677885
TI  - [Etiology and physiopathology of patients with parkinson's disease].

PMID- 13677886
TI  - [Clinical symptoms and diagnostic imaging of patients with parkinson's disease].

PMID- 13677887
TI  - [Juvenile parkinsonism].

PMID- 13677888
TI  - [Diffuse Lewy body disease].

PMID- 13677889
TI  - [Various kinds of antiparkinson agents and their characteristics].

PMID- 13677890
TI  - [Therapy for patients with early-stage Parkinson's disease].

PMID- 13677891
TI  - [Therapy for patients with progressive Parkinson's disease].

PMID- 13677892
TI  - [Therapy for patients with mental and autonomic nervous system disorders in
      Parkinson's disease].

PMID- 13677893
TI  - [Cell transplantation and stereotaxic neurosurgical procedures for therapy of
      patients with Parkinson's disease].

PMID- 13677894
TI  - [Present status of non-drug therapy and transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy
      for patients with Parkinson's disease].

PMID- 13677895
TI  - [Present status and future prospects for gene therapy in Parkinson's disease].

PMID- 13677896
TI  - [Therapy and diagnosis of patients with drug-induced parkinsonism].

PMID- 13677897
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy for patients with vascular parkinsonism].

PMID- 13677898
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy for patients with multiple system atrophy].

PMID- 13677899
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy for progressive supranuclear palsy and corticobasal
      degeneration].

PMID- 13677900
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy for patients with Parkinson's disease (discussion)].

PMID- 13677901
TI  - [Infective endocarditis due to HACEK group bacteria].

PMID- 13677902
TI  - [Idiopathic portal vein thrombosis with symptoms of recurring enterocolitis].

PMID- 13677904
TI  - [Fatal continuous pleural and peritoneal hemorrhage in a patient with
      differentiated liposarcoma of retroperitoneal origin].

PMID- 13677903
TI  - [Successful delivery in case of pregnancy with type 1 diabetes mellitus
      complicated by ulcerative colitis ].

PMID- 13677905
TI  - [Pheochromocytoma with ischemic enterocolitis].

PMID- 13677906
TI  - [Acquired hemophilia A, successfully treated with immunosuppressive therapy and
      plasma exchange].

PMID- 13677907
TI  - [Recent progress on radiofrequency ablation for therapy of patients with lung
      cancer].

PMID- 13677908
TI  - [Host defence mechanisms against infections: Innate immunity and adaptive
      immunity].

PMID- 13677909
TI  - [Present status and necessity of cooperative countermeasures against biochemical
      terrorism by federal and regional governments and related agencies].

PMID- 13677910
TI  - [Treatment algorithms for mood disorders].
AB  - The authors summarized features of and controversies about psychopharmacotherapy
      algorithms, which constitute evidence-based medicine, and compared historical
      backgrounds of the treatment algorithms of several countries as well as the
      outline of those for bipolar depression. They pointed out the potential for every
      clinician to use the current algorithms, which are rather rough, in a way that
      reflects his or her individuality and in close interaction with patients.

PMID- 13677911
TI  - [Approaches for identifying depression-related genes using animal models].
AB  - The pathophysiology of psychiatric diseases including depression is characterized
      by the involvement of many genes contributing a small effect. This genetic
      complexity means larger amounts of information can be gathered by studying the
      disease process as a single entity, in an animal model. A number of genetically
      modified animals showing both depressive and anti-depressive phenotypes have been
      generated. Approximately ten of these models are in current use for screening
      novel antidepressants. The development of new therapies is intimately linked to
      the elucidation of mechanisms via which the drugs work and therefore the
      mechanisms of disease. It is now possible to combine the information from animal
      models with sophisticated technology including DNA microarray analysis. In this
      setting, the animal models can provide information about genes altered in both
      the depressive state and after anti-depressive treatment, whilst DNA microarrays
      can identify these genes, as well as the direction of change. This information
      will eventually lead to the discovery of new mechanisms involved in disease
      pathology. Here we summarize approaches for identifying genes related to
      depression.

PMID- 13677912
TI  - [The role of glial monoamine transporters in the central nervous system].
AB  - Monoamine transport systems play a very important role in determining the
      concentrations of monoamines in the synaptic cleft, and therefore the magnitude
      and duration of the effects of transmitters. Several transport systems for
      monoamines have been described. The first to be recognized were uptake, a Na(+)
      dependent, high-affinity, cocaine-sensitive neuronal transporter, which includes
      dopamine transporter, norepinephrine transporter and serotonin transporter, and
      uptake1, a Na(+)-independent, low-affinity, high-capacity, steroid-sensitive
      extraneuronal transporter. Recently, molecular identification of the uptake2
      transporter has been reported, and this has been called extraneuronal monoamine
      transporter in humans, and organic cation transporter3 in rats. Astrocytes
      contain these two transport systems that can remove monoamine neurotransmitters
      from the synaptic cleft by transporters present in the plasma membrane. Since
      monoamine oxidase and catechol-O-methyl-transferase are present in astroglial
      cells, their glial uptake systems are likely to play an important role in
      regulating extracellular monoamine concentrations. This uptake system may be
      characterized as a second line of defense that inactivates monoamines that have
      escaped neuronal re-uptake, and thus prevents uncontrolled spreading of the
      signal. In this review, the identification of monoamine transporters in
      astrocytes is described and the physiological role of glial monoamine
      transporters in monoaminergic neurotransmission is discussed.

PMID- 13677913
TI  - [Role of cytokines in drug dependence].
AB  - Methamphetamine (MAP) is a drug of abuse that has steadily gained in popularity.
      Repeated use of MAP can cause drug dependence that may lead to serious
      psychiatric and neurologic signs and symptoms in users. It has recently become
      accepted that multidirectional communication exists among the immune, hormonal,
      and central nervous systems. Thus, it is suggested that these communications play
      an important role in drug dependence. Here we review the role of cytokines in
      drug dependence.

PMID- 13677914
TI  - [Effect of factors on plasma haloperidol concentration/dose ratio].
AB  - It has been known that the serum concentration of antipsychotics is varied
      according to individual case. There are several factors that may affect the
      plasma levels of antipsychotics; e.g., antipsychotic dose, body weight,
      interaction with other drugs, enzyme activity in the human liver, age and
      smoking. The enzyme cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) is an important factor affecting
      the plasma levels of antipsychotics, because CYP2D6 is involved in the metabolism
      of these drugs. In this paper, we review the effect of several factors on plasma
      haloperidol concentration.

PMID- 13677916
TI  - [Tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia and major aortopulmonary collateral
      arteries].
AB  - Patients with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), pulmonary atresia (PA), and major
      aortopulmonary collateral artery (MAPCA) usually need some staged surgical
      procedures. There is no clear consensus to the initial procedure and also the
      most proper initial procedure is different in each case. We report here a case of
      6-year-old girl with TOF, PA, and MAPCA. We performed right ventricular outflow
      tract reconstruction (RVOTR) for the initial procedure because her pulmonary
      artery was extremely diminutive. Her pulmonary artery got good growth after the
      palliative surgery. Five years later she underwent complete repair after two
      other surgeries and 1 interventional embolization. RVOTR is a useful procedure
      for pulmonary artery growth, but it should be well considered that what size of
      RVOTR is needed in each case.

PMID- 13677915
TI  - [Emergent ascending and arch replacement for acute type A aortic dissection with
      anomalies of the aortic arch].
AB  - We experienced 4 cases that had to be performed emergent ascending and arch
      replacement for acute type A aortic dissection with anomalies of the aortic arch
      (aberrant right subclavian artery in 2 case and isolated left vertebral artery in
      2 cases). As for the aberrant right subclavian artery, preoperative diagnosis is
      possible by CT scan. We must not overlook aberrant right subclavian artery in
      order to prevent brain complication in emergency arch replacement for acute type
      A aortic dissection. For the isolated left vertebral artery, incision of the
      aortic arch is recommended for its reconstruction.

PMID- 13677917
TI  - [Conservative therapy for recurrent bronchial stump fistula occurred after
      surgery for lung cancer with cerebrovascular disease].
AB  - BACKGROUND: Although pyrothorax caused by bronchial stump fistula is 1 of the
      most severe respiratory complications frequently encountered after surgery for
      lung cancers, it is very difficult to prevent the development of pyrothorax.
      However, conservative treatment for bronchial stump fistula occurred after
      surgery for lung cancer was successfully performed in 1 of our elderly lung
      cancer patients with a history of cerebrovascular events. CASE: Patient was a 74
      year-old man who developed cerebral infarction in October 2000, and was
      continuously undergoing rehabilitation for left hemiplegia. Chest computed
      tomography (CT) demonstrated a tumorous lesion in the right S6. Clinical
      diagnosis of stage IA squamous cell carcinoma was made. His performance status
      (PS) was degree IV, and he required complete assistance. In addition, since
      several abnormal florae were detected by preoperative examinations of sputum, the
      development of postoperative respiratory complications was suspected. In April
      2001, thoracoscopy-assisted right inferior lobectomy and nodal dissection 1 (ND
      1) were performed. Although the patient developed bronchial stump fistula on the
      6th hospital day, it was successfully treated by conservative procedures after
      second surgery. CONCLUSION: Conservative therapy under nutritional management
      mainly consisting of central venous nutrition may be useful for some surgically
      treated lung cancer patients with bronchial stump fistula when they have mild
      inflammation and the reduction of pyrothorax cavity can be expected by re
      expansion of the residual lobes of the lung.

PMID- 13677918
TI  - [Arrhythmias newly provoked by exercise training in patients who underwent
      cardiac surgery].
AB  - We investigated the incidence and the varieties of arrhythmia during exercise
      training in patients who underwent cardiac surgery. Subjects were 1293 patients
      who underwent cardiac surgery and enrolled our cardiac rehabilitation program.
      According to the charts and cardiac rehabilitation records, we evaluated the
      incidence and the varieties of arrhythmia provoked by exercise training in
      patients after cardiac surgery retrospectively. The arrhythmias related to the
      exercise training were provoked in 12 times, and the incidence was only 0.09%
      (12/13646). Atrial fibrillation was the most common arrhythmia, and the incidence
      was 41.6% (5/12) in these patients. Moreover, these arrhythmias occurred within 2
      weeks after surgery. Although most patients recovered to the sinus rhythm
      spontaneously, 3 patients needed medical treatment or cardioversion. We concluded
      that the arrhythmia provoked by exercise training in patients after cardiac
      surgery were rare, non-fatal, and common in the early recovery phase after
      surgery. However, the supervised exercise training was required in those
      patients, particularly in early recovery phase of cardiac surgery.

PMID- 13677919
TI  - [Subjective criteria of chest CT findings for predicting pathological features
      and postoperative outcomes of small peripheral lung cancer (< or = 2 cm)].
AB  - One hundred fifty five patients with completely resected peripheral non-small
      cell lung cancer, clinically diagnosed 2 cm or less in diameter, are
      retrospectively reviewed on their preoperative chest CT films, clinico
      pathological features, and postoperative outcomes. Pathologic type was classified
      according to Noguchi's classification. 7% and 8% of all the patients had
      pathologic N 1 and N 2 diseases, respectively. 19% of all the patients undergone
      limited resection (segmentectomy or partial resection). Maximum area of the
      tumor/soft tissue density area of the tumor (M/S ratio) was manually measured by
      chest CT film. According to the logistic regression analysis, M/S ratio was the
      only predicting factor of regional lymph node metastasis among factors including
      pleural indentation, spiculation, and maximum area of the tumor. Univariate
      analysis showed that maximum area of the tumor, pleural indentation, and M/S
      ratio were the significant factor for postoperative disease free survival.
      According to multivariate analysis of postoperative disease free survival with
      adjustment for operative modality, the result was same as that of univariate
      analysis. In conclusion, our determined criteria of the chest CT accurately
      predicted pathological status and postoperative outcome of patients with small
      peripheral lung cancer. These factors would be useful for stratification factor
      of prospective clinical study.

PMID- 13677920
TI  - [Mitral valve repair for a broad prolapse in the high posterior leaflet].
AB  - We report a mitral valve repair for a broad prolapse in the high posterior
      leaflet. Prolapse in the high redundant posterior leaflet with elongation of the
      chordae had caused the severe mitral valve regurgitation in a 45-year-old man. At
      operation, the prolapsed portion of the middle scallop was quadrangularly
      resected in 22 mm wide and 17 mm high. We combined the sliding leaflet technique
      with the posterior leaflet folding plasty to reduce the height of the posterior
      leaflet and to lessen the degree of mitral annular plication. Mitral valve
      regurgitation disappeared after the operation. No left ventricular outflow
      obstruction associated with systolic anterior motion and no injury to the left
      circumflex artery were confirmed. These procedures after a broad resection of the
      high posterior leaflet could successfully prevent systolic anterior motion and
      injury to the left circumflex artery, and reduce the stress on the suture line of
      the leaflet.

PMID- 13677921
TI  - [Infant case and adult case of scimitar syndrome with lung sequestration].
AB  - We present 2 cases of Scimitar syndrome with lung sequestration, 1 of which is
      infant case and the other is adult. A 3-month-old baby was transferred to our
      hospital because of severe heart failure. Cardiac ultrasonography and angiography
      revealed atrial septal defect and lung sequestration. Because of critical
      condition, she underwent emergency operation. After the operation of abnormal
      lung resection, her general condition improved. We emphasize that the prognosis
      is influenced by operation timing. A 20-year-old female was admitted for atrial
      septal defect. We diagnosed Scimitar syndrome and lung sequestration as the
      result of close examinations. We carried out definitive operations of the closure
      of atrial septal defect, the correction of partially anomalous pulmonary venous
      return and the resection of malformed lung. This adult case is popular one of
      Scimitar syndrome.

PMID- 13677922
TI  - [The analysis of renal function in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting].
AB  - OPCAB (off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting) is useful for preventing post
      operative neurologic complications. On the other hand, the effect of OPCAB on
      post-operative renal function is still unclear. We analyzed the post-operative
      renal function in 39 patients. Thirty-two patients had normal pre-operative renal
      function (CRE < or = 1.4 mg/dl). Thirty-one patients were doing well in terms of
      post-operative renal function. Only 1 patient needed hemodialysis (HD) because of
      systemic infection in early post-operative period. Another 7 patients had pre
      operative renal dysfunction (CRE > or = 1.5 mg/dl). Three cases with high-grade
      pre-operative renal dysfunction (CRE > 3.0 mg/dl and CCR < 20 ml/min) needed
      temporary HD or continuous hemo-diafiltration (CHDF) in early post-operative
      period, and then they needed maintenance HD for the treatment of chronic renal
      failure within 3 weeks after OPCAB. Three of 4 cases with low-grade pre-operative
      renal dysfunction (CRE: 1.9-2.7 mg/dl and CCR: 22-42 ml/min) needed temporary HD
      or CHDF in early post-operative period. These 3 patients were relieved of the
      early post-operative renal failure, but required maintenance HD in the late
      periods. In summary, OPCAB could not prevent the development of acute renal
      failure in the patients with pre-operative renal dysfunction.

PMID- 13677923
TI  - [Coronary endarterectomy and on-lay patch anastomosis in a case with unstable
      angina due to diffusely diseased coronary artery].
AB  - A 76-year-old woman with unstable angina due to diffusely diseased coronary
      artery successfully underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using
      endarterectomy and on-lay patch anastomosis. She had triple vessel disease in the
      coronary artery and all of them were diffusely stenotic. It was impossible to
      undertake simple CABG. We were able to perform 3 coronary artery bypass grafting
      using endarterectomy and on-lay patch anastomosis. The postoperative course was
      uneventful and postoperative angiogram revealed well patent 3 grafts. Coronary
      endarterectomy and on-lay patch anastomosis were effective procedure in a patient
      with diffusely diseased coronary artery.

PMID- 13677924
TI  - [Neuroleptic malignant syndrome after aortic valve replacement; report of a
      case].
AB  - A 64-year-old male with treated Parkinson's disease underwent mechanical valve
      replacement for aortic valve regurgitation. The antiparkinsonian drugs for
      internal use were interrupted on the morning of the operative day. After the
      operation, the patient developed fervescence, muscle rigidity, hidropoiesis and a
      rise in creatine kinase. The patient was diagnosed as neuroleptic malignant
      syndrome and given medication dantrolene sodium and antiparkinsonian drugs on the
      5th postoperative day. The symptom of neuroleptic malignant syndrome disappeared
      on 12 postoperative days. As the stress of open heart surgery with extracorporeal
      circulation trigger off neuroleptic malignant syndrome, the patient with
      Parkinson's disease need early beginning of antiparkinsonian drugs on account of
      prevention of neuroleptic malignant syndrome after operation.

PMID- 13677926
TI  - [Surgical repair of extracardiac unruptured aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva;
      report of a case].
AB  - A 65-year-old man presented with a 6 year history of dyspnea. An unruptured
      aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva and aortic regurgitation had been detected at
      another hospital a year previously, and he was referred to our hospital for
      surgery. At operation, an extracardiac saccular aneurysm was widely localized to
      the noncoronary sinus of Valsalva and protruded into the left atrium. The
      aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva (ASV) was repaired with patch closure using a
      dacron sheet, and aortic valve replacement was performed with a 21 mm Carpentier
      Edward valve. However, there was uncontrollable bleeding from the patch suture
      line, so ascending aorta replacement and repair of the Valsalva sinus were
      additionally needed. He was discharged without any postoperative complication 7
      weeks after operation. Cases of an ASV protruding into the left atrium are very
      rare. We recommend remodeling of the aortic root with wide replacement of 1 sinus
      for extracardiac succular ASV, because the tissue around the ASV is so fragile.

PMID- 13677925
TI  - [Dor operation and quadruple coronary artery bypass grafting combined with
      endarterectomy].
AB  - For ischemic cardiomyopathy, both left ventricle (LV) reconstruction and coronary
      revascularization are necessary. A 58-year-old man with ischemic cardiomyopathy
      [end diastolic volume index (EDVI)/end systolic volume index (ESVI) = 214/157
      ml/m2, ejection fraction (EF) 26%] underwent left ventricular reconstruction
      using endoventricular circulatory patch plasty (Dor operation) and quadruple
      coronary artery bypass grafting combined with endarterectomy, which was used for
      complete coronary revascularization. For the Dor operation, in order to minimize
      arrest time and to determine the purse-string suture line, palpation of
      contractility of the left ventricular muscle from inside under the beating heart
      was performed. And to avoid insufficient postoperative LV volume, a balloon was
      used. The surgery was performed without blood transfusion or intraaortic balloon
      pumping (IABP) support. Postoperative cardiac function was excellent (EDVI/ESVI =
      128/68 ml/m2, EF 46%).

PMID- 13677927
TI  - [Reoperation for double-outlet right ventricle (SDL type) following the Rastelli
      procedure: report of a case].
AB  - The relationship of the conduit to the sternum is crucial in the Rastelli
      operation. Right-sided conduits are more greatly affected by sternal compression
      than left, since the position of the right ventricular infundibulum is more
      anterior. A 37-year-old woman developed right ventricular outflow tract
      obstruction, left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, and aortic valve
      regurgitation secondary to infective endocarditis 15 years after Rastelli repair
      for double-outlet right ventricle (SDL). We enlarged the ventricular septal
      defect, performed intraventricular rerouting and aortic valve replacement, and
      reconstructed the valved conduit using a Carpentier-Edwards conduit. The old
      conduit was densely adherent to the sternum. Subaortic stenosis was caused by a
      narrow fibromuscular ridge associated with a bulge of the underlying septal
      muscle. The patient's recovery was uneventful. She is alive and well without any
      complaints 1 year after surgery.

PMID- 13677928
TI  - [Surgical treatment for ruptured aneurysm of a coronary artery to pulmonary
      artery fistula; report of a case].
AB  - We reported a successful operative case of ruptured coronary artery aneurysm
      associated with coronary artery to pulmonary artery fistula. The patient was a 74
      year-old woman who was admitted for syncope and chest oppression. Echocardiogram
      and chest CT scan revealed cardiac tamponade. Ruptured coronary aneurysm, 3 cm in
      diameter, was found at emergent operation. After emergent coronary angiography,
      which demonstrated an aneurysm arising from the left anterior descending coronary
      artery and draining into the pulmonary artery, orifice of draining artery to the
      aneurysm was closed and coronary artery fistula was ligated. She recovered
      smoothly and post operative angiogram revealed disappearance of the aneurysm.

PMID- 13677929
TI  - [Pulmonary thromboembolism after videothoracoscopic excision of a mediastinal
      tumor; report of a case].
AB  - We experienced a case of pulmonary thromboembolism after videothoracoscopic
      excision of a mediastinal tumor. A 57-year-old woman underwent videothoracoscopic
      excision of an upper mediastinal tumor, which was pathologically diagnosed as
      neurilemmoma. On the first postoperative day, she suddenly suffered from fatigue
      and blood-gas analysis showed hypoxemia. No abnormal shadow was seen on chest X
      ray. Lung perfusion scintigram showed multiple embolism. She was treated with
      anticoagulants and recovered well. We should pay attention to the possibility of
      pulmonary thromboembolism after video-assisted thoracic surgery as well as
      thoracotomy, especially when patients have risk factors for pulmonary
      thromboembolism.

PMID- 13677931
TI  - [Esophageal perforation after an anterior cervical fixation; report of a case].
AB  - We report 1 case of esophageal complications after anterior plate fixation of the
      cervical spine. A 62-year-old man underwent anterior cervical fusion in August
      1996, and he did well after the operation. In January 1998, he was hospitalized
      for cardiac failure and was incubated twice for 10 days to cure. In March 1998,
      he suffered from dysphagia and continuous fever. Gastric fiberscopy showed the
      internal defect of esophagus and the plate to fix the cervical spine. He
      underwent immediate neck exploration via the cervical fusion incision, however he
      died of sepsis and respiratory failure. An esophageal perforation after an
      anterior cervical operation is an uncommon but well-recognized complication of
      the approach.

PMID- 13677930
TI  - [Inflammatory pseudotumor diagnosed by thoracoscopic resections; report of a
      case].
AB  - A 65-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of cough and sputum.
      Chest CT scan revealed a coin lesion (about 1.5 cm diameter) with slight
      speculation at the right upper lobe. We suspected a lung cancer and performed
      video assisted thoracic surgery (VATS). Under the thoracoscopy, the tumor was
      completely extirpated with safety margin by the partial resection of the right
      upper lobe. Pathological findings definitely revealed inflammatory pseudotumor,
      fibrohistiocytic variant type. VATS is a good indication for the diagnosis and
      treatment of inflammatory pseudotumor. This case was reported together with some
      reviews of the literature.

PMID- 13677932
TI  - A synergistic increase of apoptosis utilizing Fas antigen expression induced by
      low doses of anticancer drug.
AB  - Anticancer drugs have been known to enhance both Fas receptor and Fas ligand
      expression on tumor cells. Recently, low doses of cytosine arabinoside (ara-C)
      were reported to enhance Fas antigen expression in the human myeloid leukemia
      cell line HL60. Here, we showed that low doses of ara-C (LD-ara-C) and etoposide
      (LD-VP-16) but not vincristine (LD-VCR) induce Fas expression in the human
      monocytic leukemia cell line U937. We determined the concentrations of ara-C, VP
      16 and VCR as 10, 100 and 1 ng/ml, respectively. The ratios for Fas antigen
      expression induced in non-treated U937 by 24 h incubations with ara-C, VP-16 or
      VCR were 1.90, 1.36 and 1.00, respectively. Utilizing the Fas antigen expression
      induced by low doses of anticancer drugs, we examined whether anti-Fas IgM
      monoclonal antibody (CH-11) combined with LD-ara-C, LD-VP-16 or LD-VCR enhances
      apoptosis. When CH-11 and LD-anticancer drug were added simultaneously, the
      ratios of annexin V positive cells were 67.8 +/- 2.4% with ara-C, 70.0 +/- 1.6%
      with VP-16 and 54.2 +/- 1.3% with VCR. Thus, the ratios of annexin V positive
      cells significantly increased when CH-11 was simultaneously added to the cells
      with ara-C (p < 0.0001) and VP-16 (p < 0.0001), but not with VCP (p = 0.5559),
      compared with the sums of annexin V positive ratios of CH-11 and LD-anticancer
      drug added separately. We examined whether a broad-range caspase inhibitor (C.I.)
      can inhibit the Fas expression enhanced by LD-anticancer drugs. However, the Fas
      expression enhanced by LD-ara-C or LD-VP-16 was not inhibited by a broad-range
      caspase inhibitor. We demonstrated that apoptosis induced by LD-ara-C or LD-VP-16
      is synergistically increased by the addition of CH-11 in U937.

PMID- 13677933
TI  - [Evaluation of a new method for diagnosing the origin of urinary bleeding by the
      morphological characteristics of urinary red blood cells].
AB  - In this study, we attempted to develop a new method for diagnosing the origin of
      urinary bleeding by the morphological characteristics of urinary red blood cells
      (RBC). Seventy-five samples were divided into five types by individual features
      using phase-contrast microscopy. It was revealed that the ratios of type III,
      namely acanthocytes, and IV, namely donut-shaped RBC, were significantly higher
      in patients with glomerular bleeding than those with non-glomerular bleeding.
      Acanthocytes seemed to be specific to glomerular bleeding, but some urinary
      samples from patients with glomerular bleeding did not show acanthocytes.
      Therefore, we suggest that the detection of a combination of acanthocytes and
      donut-shaped RBC in a urine sample is useful for the diagnosis of glomerular
      bleeding.

PMID- 13677934
TI  - [A basic study of determination matrix metalloproteinase-3 and carbohydrate in
      rheumatoid factor in serum for diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis].
AB  - The examination of rheumatoid factor (RF), one of the diagnostic marker of
      rheumatoid arthritis (RA), showed negative about 25% of patients with RA. We
      analyzed a matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) and a carbohydrate in rheumatoid
      factor (CA.RF) for diagnosis of RA: the former is used the kit "Panaclear MMP
      3[Plate]" and the latter is used the kit "Picolumi CA.RF". The basic study of
      these reagents showed satisfactory results. In 73.3% of seronegative RA showed
      positive on both MMP-3 and CA.RF levels in serum, respectively. We found that
      these examinations might be useful for diagnosis of RA, especially during
      seronegative RA.

PMID- 13677935
TI  - [Non-invasive assessment of cardiac function].
AB  - Noninvasive assessment of cardiac function by Doppler echocardiography is
      reviewed. The heart propels the blood through the repeated sequence of systole
      and diastole. The systolic function is essential to maintain the biological
      function of the whole body. However, before the heart ejects the blood during
      systole, the heart must be filled up with blood during the preceding diastole.
      Thus, the diastolic function is as important as the systolic function. Although
      the diastolic function is traditionally assessed by hemodynamic parameters
      obtained in the cardiac catheterization laboratory, it has routinely been
      assessed by Doppler echocardiography in the echocardiographic laboratory in
      recent years. Since the concept of diastolic failure has widely spread, the
      important role of the transmitral flow in assessing the diastolic function has
      been well recognized. Besides the transmitral flow, the modalities for clinical
      assessment of the left ventricular diastolic function have been well developed.
      For example, the pulmonary venous flow has been easily obtained by a
      transthoracic approach, and the tissue Doppler technique provides important
      information about the diastolic function, and furthermore the color M-mode is
      applied for the flow propagation velocity of the left ventricular inflow. These
      modalities make it possible to assess the left ventricular diastolic function
      more precisely by Doppler echocardiography. Also, TEI index, strain rate and
      strain imaging, and wave intensity are mentioned.

PMID- 13677936
TI  - [The ultrasound examination of the deep vein thrombosis].
AB  - Ultrasonography is very useful for detection of deep vein thrombosis. The purpose
      of this paper is to show a method for detecting them efficiently by high
      resolution transducer and color Doppler system. We examined patients in the
      supine and prone positions. To detect the venous flow easily and differentiate
      thrombi from simple venous dilatation, some maneuvers are useful; one is pushing
      the vein area using the transducer on examination, the second is breathing
      overload, and the last is so-called milking. We can find throombi in the external
      iliac or femoral veins of patients who have symptoms of lower leg swelling,
      however, we need to better detect venous thrombi in the lower leg in patients
      with a history of pulmonary embolism. Because deep venous thrombi are increasing,
      the role of ultrasound will expand in the future.

PMID- 13677937
TI  - [Study on blood rheology measured by MC-FAN].
AB  - We investigated the effects of various factors on blood rheology, which was
      evaluated by the passage time of heparinized whole blood using MC-FAN (Micro
      Channel array Flow ANalyzer). The time for 100 microliters of whole blood to pass
      through a microchannel array (Bloody 6-7) was determined. Each passage time was
      corrected by the saline passage time determined just before the measurement of
      sample blood. Our results suggest that blood rheology measured by MC-FAN is
      related to aging, body weight, body mass index and serum lipid parameters (total
      cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein
      cholesterol and triglyceride). These results suggest that MC-FAN is useful to
      analyze blood rheology in pathophysiological conditions.

PMID- 13677938
TI  - [GOLD guideline and recommendation for role of spirometry in COPD].
AB  - COPD is currently the fourth leading cause of death in the world, and further
      increase in its prevalence and mortality have been predicted for the coming
      decades. To decrease the morbidity and mortality due to COPD, better recognition
      of the risk of COPD and improvement in prevention and management of COPD is
      required. Many national and international societies of respiratory diseases have
      developed guidelines for COPD. In the GOLD report, COPD is a disease status
      characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. The airflow
      limitation is usually both progressive and associated with an abnormal
      inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious particles or gases. Airflow
      limitation in COPD is best measured through spirometry, which is a key to the
      diagnosis and management of the disease. It is the most standardized,
      reproducible, and objective measurement of airflow limitation available. A
      decrease in the ratio of FEV1 to FVC is often the first sign of developing
      airflow limitation. In Japan, a major problem is the lack of guidelines for
      standardization of spirometry. To achieve consistently accurate test results, not
      only standardization of spirometry but also propagation of proper procedure and
      evaluation of spirometry are required.

PMID- 13677939
TI  - [Effort-independent pulmonary function tests].
AB  - Many pulmonary function tests require forced expiration, and the precision of the
      tests depends on the effort of the subjects. In elderly people, the
      reproducibility of test results may be inadequate because of insufficiency of the
      subjects' effort, and the diagnosis of COPD, which is frequently observed in
      elderly people, is often difficult. To improve the accuracy of the diagnosis,
      pulmonary function tests that do not require effort are needed. In this study,
      effortless pulmonary function tests (examinations of the cardiogenic oscillation,
      negative expiratory pressure, exhaled temperature, and exhaled breath
      condensate), the application of which to various respiratory disorders (i.e.,
      sleep apnea syndrome, COPD, bronchial asthma) is attempted, are presented.

PMID- 13677940
TI  - [Novel apnomonitor for use at home].
AB  - The monitoring technique for assessing suspected sleep apnea syndrome is a
      polysomnogram (PSG) performed in hospital. The typical PSG includes EEG, EOG,
      EMG, air flow at the nose and mouth, SO2, thoracicoabdominal motion and snoring
      sound. But the PSG test is expensive, and also is a stress load for the patient
      because this test requires recording throughout the night. Recently, a home-type
      apnomonitor that is used at home has been developed for the screening of apnea,
      but this monitor can not distinguish obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) from central
      sleep apnea (CSA). We evaluated a new home-type apnomonitor that was able to
      distinguish OSA from CSA using the change of amplitude in the fingertip
      plethysmogram and respiratory flow curve attained by oronasal transducer. In this
      study, the respiratory flow curve became flat under OSA conditions, but the
      change of amplitude on plethysmogram corresponded to thoracioabdominal motion. On
      the other hand, the change of amplitude in the plethysmogram did not corresponded
      with thoracicoabdominal motion under CSA conditions. These findings suggest that
      it is possible to distinguish between OSA and CSA using an apnomonitor system
      which records a respiratory flow curve and a plethysmogram, and also to develop a
      new home-type apnomonitor.

PMID- 13677941
TI  - [Studies on electroencephalographic changes after liver transplantation].
AB  - EEG was performed before and after surgery in the patients who received living
      donor livers at our hospital between 1999 and 2001. There were ten patients (6
      men and 4 women) and mean ages were 37.0 years. Their disorders were
      citrullinemia, biliary atresia, liver cirrhosis, and liver cell cancer. EEG was
      performed at 17 sites according to 10-20 international methods. Power spectra
      analysis using FFT was also performed. We classified the ten patients into Group
      A, one patient; Group B, three patients; and Group C; five patients based on EEG
      basal activity before the operation. Eight of ten patients showed improvement in
      EEG findings, and two patients showed no change after the operation. One patient
      of these two patients did not show improvement in liver function after the
      operation. The other developed cerebral infarction after the operation. EEG is
      useful for the evaluation of brain function after the liver transplantation.

PMID- 13677942
TI  - [Imaging of elasticity distribution in arterial wall by transcutaneous ultrasound
      and electronic staining].
AB  - Knowledge of the physical properties of atherosclerotic plaque is essential when
      evaluating its vulnerability in a clinical setting. Such knowledge, however, is
      still difficult to obtain with the various approaches developed to date. This
      paper describes a novel noninvasive method (phased tracking method) for measuring
      minute change in thickness of each of the multiple layers of the arterial wall
      during one cardiac cycle. Such minute change in thickness less than 100 microns
      of the arterial wall cannot be measured by conventional ultrasound B-mode or M
      mode images. A method for evaluation of the regional elastic modulus in the
      circumference direction, E theta, from the resultant change in wall thickness is
      also described. This method was applied to in vivo experiments in subjects with
      hyperlipemia and normal subjects. The spatial distribution of the regional
      elastic moduli, E theta, was evaluated for the carotid atherosclerotic plaques.
      By comparing the pathological findings with the distribution of elasticity,
      average elasticity of lipid and that of a mixture of smooth muscle and collagen
      fiber could be determined. Based on these reference parameters, each point was
      statistically categorized as lipid, mixture, or other. Thus, the plaque was
      electronically stained using transcutaneous ultrasound. By applying this method
      to the common carotid arteries, the presence of thin collagen fiber was clarified
      along the arterial axis for normal subjects, while soft inclusion of lipid was
      found for every plaque in subjects with hyperlipidemia. This novel method offers
      potential as a diagnostic technique for detection of plaque vulnerability with
      high spatial resolution.

PMID- 13677943
TI  - [Genetic aspect of essential hypertension].
AB  - Essential hypertension affects up to 30% of the adult population; its
      pathogenesis involves interactions between genetic and environmental factors.
      Improved understanding of the molecular basis of essential hypertension may
      facilitate the development of new targeted forms of pharmacological therapy that
      can be tailored to the needs of individual patients and thereby minimize the risk
      of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases. The genetic analysis of
      complex traits and diseases such as blood pressure and hypertension is difficult
      because of their polygenic origin, genetic heterogeneity, variable penetrance,
      unknown modes of inheritance, and variable effects of environmental factors.
      Molecular variants of the angiotensinogen (AGT) gene, a key component of the
      renin-angiotensin system, are considered a genetic risk for primary hypertension.
      Some of the genotypes can be used to identify individual patients who would
      benefit from a specific anti-hypertensive treatment as well as from a specific
      life style modification.

PMID- 13677944
TI  - [Malignant lymphoma and leukemia concepts in new WHO classification].
AB  - The new WHO classification is based on the principles of REAL classification of
      lymphoma and expands to myeloid, mast cell and histiocytic/dendritic neoplasms.
      The distinct diseases are defined according to a combination of morphology,
      immunophenotype, genetic features, and clinical syndromes, and the cell origin is
      postulated. Lymphatic leukemia is included in lymphoma. The lymphoid malignancies
      are grouped into B cell lymphoma, T/NK cell lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma, and
      the myeloid neoplasm are grouped into 4 categories; chronic myeloproliferative
      diseases(chronic myelogeneous leukemia, polycythemia vera, chronic idiopathic
      myelofibrosis, essential thrombocythemia etc.),
      myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative diseases (chronic myelomonocytic leukemia,
      juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia etc.), myelodysplastic diseases(perfactory
      anemia, refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts etc.) and acute myeloid
      leukemia.

PMID- 13677945
TI  - [Assessment of the selection and usefulness of diagnostic examinations for
      children with mental retardation].
AB  - We retrospectively investigated medical records of 196 patients suspected of
      having mental retardation at their initial visits. The objective of the study was
      to clarify the current choice of medical examinations and to assess their
      usefulness. Frequently selected examinations included 1. neuroimaging,
      neurophysiology and other central nervous system examinations, 2. psychological
      examinations and 3. blood tests. The former two demonstrated abnormal results
      very frequently. Genetic examinations rarely showed abnormal results. On the
      contrary, chromosomal analysis was often useful for diagnosing diseases that are
      difficult to be made only by clinical symptoms. Physicians should provide
      patients and their families with information about medical examinations currently
      available and useful.

PMID- 13677946
TI  - [Non-radioactive PCR southern method for analysis of CTG repeat in myotonic
      dystrophy].
AB  - Myotonic dystrophy (MyD) is a hereditary neuromuscular disorder of an autosomal
      dominant trait. MyD is caused by an expansion of unstable CTG trinucleotide
      repeat in the 3' untranslated region of mRNA coding myotonin protein kinase (MT
      PK). We analyzed CTG repeat expansion in 10 patients with congenital MyD and
      their relatives using the non-radioactive PCR Southern method. The region
      containing the CTG repeat was amplified by PCR using specific primers. The PCR
      products were electrophoresed on a 1% agarose gel and transferred to a nylon
      membrane. The CTG repeat expansion was shown using a fluorescein-labelled (CTG)
      10 probe. To estimate the number of CTG repeats, we compared the smears obtained
      on Southern blotting with a picture of PCR products and a DNA size marker (100
      bp). We compared our results of radioactive Southern blotting for genomic DNA
      digested by Eco RI or Bgl I and for PCR products. In congenital MyD patients,
      heterogeneous smears (3.89-10.22 kb:about 1252-3362 CTG repeat) were observed,
      whereas in the adult type MyD had heterogeneous smears (0.92-1.82 kb:about 262
      562 CTG repeat). In asymptomatic MyD patients, there were heterogeneous smears
      (0.35-1.16 kb:about 72-342 CTG repeat). These results demonstrated anticipation.
      We conclude that the non-radioactive PCR Southern method is useful and convenient
      for the DNA diagnosis of MyD.

PMID- 13677947
TI  - [Multicenter study of occipital lobe epilepsy in childhood: clinical
      characteristics].
AB  - We investigated the clinical characteristics of 54 patients with childhood onset
      occipital lobe epilepsy (OLE). There were 25 patients of symptomatic OLE
      (cortical dysplasia, post encephalitis or encephalopathy, brain tumor and so on),
      and 29 cases of cryptogenic OLE. Eighteen patients had positive visual symptoms
      such as flash light, bright spots and sparks of light, 23 patients had negative
      ones such as scotoma, hemianopia and amaurosis and 10 patients had other
      complicated visual symptoms such as change of the shape or colors. Young children
      complained of simple visual phenomena. The youngest patient who could explain
      visual symptom was 3 years old. All 3 patients with visual field defects had
      cortical dysplasia in occipital lobe. Ictal SPECT study showed wide
      hyperperfusion areas in the temporo-parieto-occipital lobe in most of patients
      with abnormal MRI findings. CBZ and VPA were prescribed in most cases, and were
      effective in 65% and 60% of the patients, respectively. Seizure prognosis was
      relatively good. Seizures disappeared in 56% of the patients with symptomatic OLE
      and 79% of those with cryptogenic OLE.

PMID- 13677948
TI  - [Anxiety in school refusal children with indefinite complaints: psychological
      estimation using State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and therapy by serotonin reuptake
      inhibitors].
AB  - Using State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) we examined 13 junior high school
      students with school refusal and indefinite complaints. Significant increase of
      the anxiety levels was higher in these children than in the control group.
      Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) were administered to 19 elementary and
      junior high school students with school refusal and indefinite complaints. The
      indefinite symptoms improved markedly in 2 children, moderately in 11, and mildly
      in 6. We conclude that high anxiety may cause indefinite symptoms in children
      with school refusal and that the treatment of indefinite symptoms with SSRI is an
      effective supportive therapy.

PMID- 13677949
TI  - [A case of oligodendroglioma with temporal lobe epilepsy initially suspected as
      having paroxymal tachycardia].
AB  - A 4-year-old girl had repetitive attacks of chest pain, palpitation and loss of
      consciousness, which lasted for a few minutes and occurred several times a day.
      Interictal and ictal EEGs revealed that these episodes were complex partial
      seizures with autonomic symptoms originating from the right antero-temporal area.
      Brain MRI depicted a tumor in the right temporal lobe, the suspected etiology of
      the seizures. The tumor and its surrounding area were carefully resected using
      electrocorticogram. Pathologically, the tumor was diagnosed as an
      oligodendroglioma. MR spectrometry demonstrated a definite reduction of
      NAA/creatine ratio in the tumor. It is reported that a probability of developing
      seizures in cases of oligodendroglioma is about 80-90%. The occurrence rate of
      seizures in oligodendroglioma is much higher than that in other brain tumors. The
      cause of the epileptogenesis in oligodendroglioma might be due to the
      pathological tissue of satellitosis and secondary degeneration of neurons.

PMID- 13677950
TI  - [A case of intractable epilepsy showing frequent gelastic seizures by
      administration of clobazam].
AB  - A 13-year-old boy patient had severe mental retardation and spastic quadriplegia
      due to fetal distress and hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in the perinatal period.
      He suffered from West syndrome at the age of 7 months, and subsequently was
      diagnosed as having symptomatic localization-related epilepsy. His intractable
      epileptic seizures were not controlled by combination of various antiepileptic
      drugs. After prescribing nitrazepam and zonisamide for more than 1 year, we added
      clobazam (CLB), which has been marketed in Japan since 2000, to this combination
      therapy. After the introduction of CLB, tonic seizures disappeared. However,
      gelastic seizures laughing with a stiff face and a wry mouth appeared frequently
      before falling asleep, and sleep disturbance worsened subsequently. It has not
      been reported previously that gelastic seizures are a side effect of CLB,
      although irritability and sleep disturbance have been described.

PMID- 13677951
TI  - [A case of hypereosinophilic syndrome associated with paraplegia].
AB  - We report a 3-year-old girl with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. She was
      admitted to our hospital because of fever, cough, significant eosinophilia
      (16,500/microliter) and an elevated serum IgE level (114,685 u/ml). After wheezes
      continued for several days, paraplegia, dysuria and dyschezia developed. CSF,
      chest roentgenogram and spinal MRI were normal, as well as motor and sensory
      conduction velocities of the median and tibial nerves. Flaum's hematologic score
      was 4. Treatment with prednisolone resulted in remission of neurological symptoms
      and a rapidly normalization of the eosinophil count. During the following months,
      eosinophilia reappeared with tapering the medication, but there was no recurrence
      of neurological signs. Glucocorticoid therapy was discontinued after 21 months.

PMID- 13677952
TI  - [A patient with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome complicated by tracheobronchomalacia and
      fatal bleeding from tracheobrachiocephalic artery fistula].
AB  - A 19-year-old man with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (LNS), had dyspnea and an inspiratory
      wheeze, and underwent assisted mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy.
      Bronchoscopy revealed tracheomalacia of the cresent moon type. He lost his
      weight, and his general condition gradually worsened. Four months post
      tracheostomy, he died of massive hemoptysis from a tracheobrachicephalic artery
      fistula. Many patients with LNS have renal failure and pneumonitis, whereas
      occasional cases are complicated by convulsions, recurrent coma, abnormalities of
      respiration, and sudden death. The etiology of sudden death is not clear.
      Although tracheomalacia, to our knowledge, has not been described in the
      literature, it may be a clinical feature of LNS associated with abnormal
      respiration and sudden death. Tracheobrachiocephalic artery fistula is common in
      patients with neuromuscular disorders and a chronic tracheostomy tube. Caution is
      required in LNS patients with opisthotonic extensor spasms of the neck and trunk,
      chronic bronchitis, and malnutrition.

PMID- 13677953
TI  - [Lithium intoxication in a patient with severe motor and intellectual
      disabilities].
AB  - A severaly retarded 30-year-old woman developed acute lithium intoxication. Since
      the age of 22, she had been treated with neuroleptics for her aggressive
      behavior. At 30 years of age, lithium carbonate was added to arrest self
      injurious behavior, at an initial dosage of 300 mg/day and a maintenance dosage
      of 900 mg/day. She subsequently developed anorexia and weight loss, and was
      admitted to our hospital. After 7 months of lithium therapy, she suddenly had a
      high fever (38.3 degrees C), diabetes inspidus, severe hypernatremia, and became
      akinetic and mute. Under the suspicion of lithium intoxication, all medication
      was discontinued, and mannitol to increase renal lithium clearance. She was given
      gradually improved over a month, but remained hypothyroid. This case shows the
      importance of interaction of lithium carbonate and other drugs which may cause
      lithium intoxication. In patients with severe intellectual disabilities who are
      unable to complain their symptoms, lithium therapy requires particularly close
      attention to signs of early toxicity.

PMID- 13677954
TI  - [Forced myogenesis with a retroviral MyoD-vector in human fibroblasts and
      dystrophin expression].

PMID- 13677955
TI  - [A child with non-herpetic acute limbic encephalitis].

PMID- 13677956
TI  - [Usefulness of serum cystatin C concentration as renal function marker in
      patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy].

PMID- 13677957
TI  - Supporting health through design: challenges and opportunities.

PMID- 13677958
TI  - Increasing the health promotive capacity of human environments.
AB  - This article offers an integration of two different perspectives on health
      promotion research and practice: one emphasizing the concept of community
      capacity for health improvement and the other focusing on the notion of health
      supportive environments. These two approaches generally have emphasized different
      kinds of community assets for health promotion. Specifically, community capacity
      research has focused on the cultivation of human resources (e.g., collaborative
      coalitions, participatory decision-making, health education strategies) for
      health promotion, whereas environmentally oriented research has underscored the
      influence of material resources (e.g., the built environment, natural resources,
      technological infrastructure) on important health behaviors and outcomes.
      Combining these two streams of health promotion research yields a broader
      understanding of the health promotive capacity of human environments and suggests
      several "best process" guidelines for enhancing health promotion practice.

PMID- 13677959
TI  - Opportunities for integrating public health and urban planning approaches to
      promote active community environments.
AB  - The growing emphasis on promoting environmental change as a means to increase
      physical activity has motivated conversation and collaboration between
      researchers and practitioners in the fields of public health and urban planning.
      Although these fields share similar objectives, their methodological approaches
      for examining the association between the environment and behavior often differ
      in significant ways. To facilitate communication, this article discusses ways
      these fields can collaborate in developing and applying conceptual frameworks,
      adopting behavioral and environmental measures, and strengthening study designs.
      By collaborating to build synergism in research and dissemination, public health
      and urban planning professionals can enhance efforts to increase the number of
      communities that promote active living.

PMID- 13677960
TI  - Walking and bicycling: an evaluation of environmental audit instruments.
AB  - PURPOSE: This paper reviews existing environmental audit instruments used to
      capture the walkability and bikability of environments. The review inventories
      and evaluates individual measures of environmental factors used in these
      instruments. It synthesizes the current state of knowledge in quantifying the
      built environment. The paper provides health promotion professionals an
      understanding of the essential aspects of environments influencing walking and
      bicycling for both recreational and transportation purposes. It serves as a basis
      to develop valid and efficient tools to create activity-friendly communities.
      DATA SOURCES: Keyword searches identified journal articles from the computer
      based Academic Citation Databases, including the National Transportation Library,
      the Web of Science Citation Database, and MEDLINE. Governmental publications and
      conference proceedings were also searched. STUDY INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION
      CRITERIA: All instruments to audit physical environments have been included in
      this review, considering both recreation- and transportation related walking and
      bicycling. Excluded are general methods devised to estimate walking and cycling
      trips, those used in empirical studies on land use and transportation, and
      research on walking inside buildings. DATA EXTRACTION METHODS: Data have been
      extracted from each instrument using a template of key items developed for this
      review. The data were examined for quality assurance among three experienced
      researchers. DATA SYNTHESIS: A behavioral model of the built environment guides
      the synthesis according to three components: the origin and destination of the
      walk or bike trip, the characteristics of the road traveled, and the
      characteristics of the areas surrounding the trip's origin and destination. These
      components, combined with the characteristics of the instruments themselves, lead
      to a classification of the instruments into the four categories of inventory,
      route quality assessment, area quality assessment, and approaches to estimating
      latent demand for walking and bicycling. Furthermore, individual variables used
      in each instrument to measure the environment are grouped into four classes:
      spatiophysical, spatiobehavioral, spatiopsychosocial, and policy-based. MAJOR
      CONCLUSIONS: Individually, existing instruments rely on selective classes of
      variables and therefore assess only parts of built environments that affect
      walking and bicycling. Most of the instruments and individual measures have not
      been rigorously tested because of a lack of available data on walking and
      bicycling and because of limited research budgets. Future instrument development
      will depend on the acquisition of empirical data on walking and bicycling, on
      inclusion of all three components of the behavioral model, and on consideration
      of all classes of variables identified.

PMID- 13677961
TI  - Reliability and validity of two instruments designed to assess the walking and
      bicycling suitability of sidewalks and roads.
AB  - PURPOSE: Public health professionals hypothesize that when community environments
      provide suitable walking and bicycling conditions, community members will be more
      active. Measurement indicators and assessment instruments are needed to evaluate
      suitability. This study determined the reliability and validity of two
      instruments to assess the suitability of sidewalks for walking and roads for
      bicycling. METHODS: Two data collectors used walking and bicycling suitability
      assessment instruments to collect data on 31 road segments. In addition, three
      transportation experts used a 7-point Likert response system to subjectively
      evaluate walking and bicycling conditions for the same segments. Intraclass
      correlations determined the reliability of each assessment instrument and the
      reliability of the Likert response system. Pearson correlations (research staff
      assessments with expert assessments) were calculated to determine the criterion
      related validity of the suitability measures. RESULTS: Intercoder reliability
      (intraclass) correlations for the walking and bicycling assessment instruments
      were r = .79 and .90, respectively. Intercoder reliability of the experts' Likert
      response system was r = .73 for the walking form and r = .77 for the bicycling
      form. Criterion-related validity (Pearson) correlations for the walking and
      bicycling assessment instruments were r = .58 and .62, respectively. CONCLUSION:
      Although some variables have lower reliability and validity than is ideal, the
      walking and bicycling suitability assessment instruments appear promising as
      instruments for community members and professionals to systematically assess key
      aspects of the physical environment.

PMID- 13677962
TI  - Relationship between urban sprawl and physical activity, obesity, and morbidity.
AB  - PURPOSE: To determine the relationship between urban sprawl, health, and health
      related behaviors. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis using hierarchical modeling
      to relate characteristics of individuals and places to levels of physical
      activity, obesity, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, diabetes, and coronary
      heart disease. SETTING: U.S. counties (448) and metropolitan areas (83).
      SUBJECTS: Adults (n = 206,992) from pooled 1998, 1999, and 2000 Behavioral Risk
      Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). MEASURES: Sprawl indices, derived with
      principal components analysis from census and other data, served as independent
      variables. Self-reported behavior and health status from BRFSS served as
      dependent variables. RESULTS: After controlling for demographic and behavioral
      covariates, the county sprawl index had small but significant associations with
      minutes walked (p = .004), obesity (p < .001), BMI (p = .005), and hypertension
      (p = .018). Residents of sprawling counties were likely to walk less during
      leisure time, weigh more, and have greater prevalence of hypertension than
      residents of compact counties. At the metropolitan level, sprawl was similarly
      associated with minutes walked (p = .04) but not with the other variables.
      CONCLUSION: This ecologic study reveals that urban form could be significantly
      associated with some forms of physical activity and some health outcomes. More
      research is needed to refine measures of urban form, improve measures of physical
      activity, and control for other individual and environmental influences on
      physical activity, obesity, and related health outcomes.

PMID- 13677963
TI  - Neighborhood environment, access to places for activity, and leisure-time
      physical activity in a diverse North Carolina population.
AB  - PURPOSE: To examine associations between perceived neighborhood characteristics,
      access to places for activity, and leisure-time physical activity. DESIGN: Cross
      sectional telephone survey. SETTING: Cabarrus, Henderson, Pitt, Robeson, Surry,
      and Wake counties in North Carolina. SUBJECTS: Population-based sample of 1796
      adults at least 18 years of age residing in the six counties. MEASURES: The 133
      item questionnaire assessed self-reported leisure-time physical activity and
      perceptions of neighborhood characteristics (sidewalks, trails, heavy traffic,
      streetlights, unattended dogs, and safety from crime) and general access to
      places for physical activity. RESULTS: Trails, streetlights, and access to places
      were positively associated with engaging in any leisure activity: unadjusted odds
      ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]); 1.62 (1.09-2.41), 1.57 (1.14-2.17),
      and 2.94 (1.91-4.52), respectively. Trails and access to places were positively
      associated with engaging in the recommended amount of leisure activity: 1.49
      (1.00-2.22), and 2.28 (1.30-4.00), respectively). In multivariable logistic
      regression modeling including environmental factors and demographics, access to
      places was associated with any activity (2.23 [1.44-3.44]) and recommended
      activity (2.15 [1.23-3.77]), and trails were associated with recommended activity
      (1.51 [1.00-2.28]). CONCLUSION: Certain neighborhood characteristics,
      particularly trails, and access to places for physical activity may be associated
      with leisure activity levels. In this study, perceived neighborhood environmental
      factors and access to places for physical activity were strongly associated with
      race, education, and income.

PMID- 13677964
TI  - Assessing the perceived environment among minimally active adolescent girls:
      validity and relations to physical activity outcomes.
AB  - PURPOSE: This study examined how adolescents' perceptions of exercise resources
      in the environment relate to physical activity outcomes. METHODS: Perceptions of
      the availability and use of environmental resources, vigorous physical activity
      (VIG), daily energy expenditure (KCAL), lifestyle activities (LA), and
      cardiovascular fitness (Vo2peak) were assessed cross-sectionally among 87
      minimally active adolescent girls (ages 14-17). To validate adolescent reports,
      the perceived availability of environmental resources was also assessed from 47
      parents. RESULTS: Adolescent-parent agreement over the availability of resources
      was modest for the home domain (r = .62, p < .001) and weak for the community
      domain (r = .14, p > .05). Adolescents' perceptions of resource availability in
      both the home and community domains were positively associated with VO2peak (p <
      .05) but unrelated to VIG, KCAL, and LA. Adolescents' use of home resources was
      positively correlated with both VIG and LA (p < .05). CONCLUSION: Minimally
      active adolescent girls were more attuned to and likely to use the resources for
      physical activity located in their home environment as opposed to the community
      environment.

PMID- 13677965
TI  - The relationship between convenience of destinations and walking levels in older
      women.
AB  - PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between physical activity and (1)
      convenience of destinations, measured by whether destinations (such as a park,
      trail, businesses, and services) are within walking distance of the home, and (2)
      participants' perception of the quality of their neighborhood surroundings for
      walking, captured with a global neighborhood "walkability" rating. DESIGN: Cross
      sectional analysis of data obtained in 1999. SETTING: Community in southwest
      Pennsylvania. SUBJECTS: Older Caucasian women (n = 149, mean age = 74.2 years).
      Response rate = 79%. MEASURES: Walking levels, leisure-time physical activity,
      and features of the neighborhood environment were measured with interviewer
      administered questionnaires. Physical activity was also measured objectively with
      a pedometer. RESULTS: Living within walking distance (defined as within a 20
      minute walk of home) of a park; biking or walking trail; or department, discount,
      or hardware store was related to higher pedometer readings (p < .01). In
      addition, there was a positive trend between the sum of destinations within
      walking distance of home and activity levels measured by pedometer and
      questionnaire (p < .01). There was also a positive trend between participants'
      neighborhood "walkability" rating and activity levels measured by pedometer and
      questionnaire (p < .01). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the ability to
      make utilitarian walking trips from home and the perception of having favorable
      neighborhood surroundings for walking are associated with increased physical
      activity levels in older women.

PMID- 13677966
TI  - Environmental correlates of physical activity in a sample of Belgian adults.
AB  - PURPOSE: This study investigated the variance in sitting, walking, and moderate
      and vigorous physical activity explained by neighborhood design and recreational
      environmental variables above and beyond the variance accounted for by individual
      demographic variables. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analyses of self-reported survey
      data. SETTING: A random sample of inhabitants of Ghent, Belgium, aged 18-65
      years, was drawn. SUBJECTS: Five hundred twenty-one adults completed
      questionnaires (52.1% response rate). The average age of the sample was 41 years,
      and 48.2% were female. MEASURES: A questionnaire developed to assess neighborhood
      design and recreational environmental variables with a total of 81 items was
      administered. The environmental questionnaire showed acceptable to good
      reliability and acceptable validity. The previously validated International
      Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to quantify physical activity in
      the past 7 days. Additional demographic information was also obtained. RESULTS:
      Regression analyses showed that environmental variables were related to all types
      of physical activity in both sexes. However, the range of variance explained by
      the models including demographic and environmental variables was low, only 5% to
      13%. Minutes of walking and of moderate-intensity activity were related to
      quality of sidewalks and accessibility of shopping and public transportation.
      Vigorous physical activity was related to presence of activity supplies in the
      home and number of convenient activity facilities outside the home. CONCLUSIONS:
      Both neighborhood design and recreational environment variables had small but
      significant associations with multiple types of physical activity in a sample of
      Belgian adults.

PMID- 13677967
TI  - Environmental and lifestyle factors associated with overweight and obesity in
      Perth, Australia.
AB  - PURPOSE: To examine associations between environmental and lifestyle factors and
      overweight or obesity. DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey and an environmental scan
      of recreational facilities. SETTING: Metropolitan Perth, Western Australia.
      SUBJECTS: Healthy sedentary workers and homemakers aged 18 to 59 years (n = 1803)
      living in areas within the top and bottom quintiles of social disadvantage.
      MEASURES: Four lifestyle factors, one social environmental factor, and five
      physical environment factors (three objectively measured). RESULTS: After
      adjustment for demographic factors and other variables in the model, overweight
      was associated with living on a highway (odds ratio [OR], 4.24; 95% confidence
      interval [CI], 1.62-11.09) or streets with no sidewalks or sidewalks on one side
      only (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.03-1.78) and perceiving no paths within walking
      distance (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.08-1.86). Poor access to four or more recreational
      facilities (OR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.11-2.55) and sidewalks (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, .98
      2.68) and perceiving no shop within walking distance (OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.01
      3.36) were associated with obesity. Conversely, access to a motor vehicle all the
      time was negatively associated with obesity (OR, .56; 95% CI, .32-.99). Watching
      3 or more hours of television daily (ORs, 1.92 and 1.85, respectively) and rating
      oneself as less active than others (ORs, 1.66 and 4.05, respectively) were
      associated with both overweight and obesity. After adjustment for individual
      demographic factors and all other variables in the model, socioeconomic status of
      area of residence and leisure-time physical activity were not associated with
      overweight or obesity. CONCLUSION: Factors that influence overweight and obesity
      appear to differ, but aspects of the physical environment may be important.
      Objectively measured neighborhood environment factors warrant further
      investigation.

PMID- 13677968
TI  - Integrating public health objectives in transportation decision-making.
AB  - This perspective explores how transportation decision-making can better support
      public health objectives, including reduced crashes and pollution emissions and
      increased physical activity. Conventional transportation planning tends to
      overlook negative health impacts resulting from increased motor vehicle travel
      and potential health benefits from shifts to alternative modes. Raising the
      priority of health objectives supports planning reforms that result in a more
      balanced transportation system. Integrating health objectives into transportation
      planning may be a cost-effective way to improve public health.

PMID- 13677969
TI  - Policy prescriptions for healthier communities.
AB  - Evidence of the health impacts of the built environment has increased rapidly.
      Studies have linked physical inactivity and motor-vehicle pollution to a range of
      health problems and have shown that activity levels and air quality are
      influenced by community design, land use, and transportation patterns. There is
      comparatively little awareness, however, of the role that laws and policies play
      in spurring sprawl and driving and of the opportunities to reorient current
      provisions to promote public health. This article summarizes the findings
      connecting the built environment to a variety of health problems. It then
      describes how current policies present barriers to physical activity and increase
      pollution by encouraging sprawl development and by offering few transportation
      choices. Finally, the article suggests ways to overcome these barriers by
      examining policies that can promote public health by making it easier to
      incorporate greater physical activity into our everyday lives and to reduce
      driving. Multidisciplinary partnerships are needed to pursue these policy
      prescriptions for healthier communities.

PMID- 13677970
TI  - Recreating communities to support active living: a new role for social marketing.
AB  - The lack of routine physical activity has become an all too pervasive health
      threat in the United States. Social marketing can be used directly to promote
      increased physical activity among people who have access to active living options
      (e.g., safe and convenient sidewalks or bike paths). A second, albeit indirect,
      use of social marketing to promote physical activity--and the focus of this
      article--involves promoting behaviors that influence the built environment for
      the purpose of increasing people's access to active living options. This use of
      social marketing involves changing the behavior of consumers, developers,
      distribution channels (e.g., real estate agents) and policy makers. The approach
      offers public health and other organizations a disciplined, consumer-focused
      means of mobilizing their available resources in a manner that maximizes the odds
      of creating active living communities. These means include understanding the
      competition, understanding target markets, creating mutually beneficial
      exchanges, segmenting markets and targeting them based on anticipated return.
      This article identifies specific opportunities for applying the social marketing
      approach to create active living communities, and identifies opportunities at the
      state and national level that will enhance the effectiveness of local efforts.

PMID- 13677971
TI  - [The year 2002 in Polish psychiatry].
AB  - The aim of this paper is a reflection upon the most important issues in Polish
      psychiatry in 2002. In the mental health care development, an unfavorable legal
      regulation on the profession of the psychologist was passed and another change in
      health care financing in Poland. The role of Polish psychiatrists in
      international actions inspired by the World Psychiatric Association could be
      noted, especially in the de-stigmatising "Open the doors", as well as the stance
      towards 2nd generation antipsychotics. A positive growing interest and tendency
      in post-graduate psychiatric training was noticed, especially constant training.
      The publication of a new, large clinical textbook on psychiatry was noted,
      leading the probable direction of post-graduate training and development of
      scientific research. Special attention was drawn to the return of neuro-surgical
      interventions in treatment resistant obsessive-compulsive disorders, namely the
      nonstandard position of stereotactic operations on the limbic system in these
      disorders. Such a position is the result of insufficient scientific documentation
      on the effectiveness of such procedures and weakly documented theoretical bases.

PMID- 13677972
TI  - [Clinical picture and treatment of subsequent depressive episodes--results of
      Polish multicenter study].
AB  - AIM: A comparison of the clinical picture and treatment results of the first
      depressive episode with the second and the third and further depressive
      recurrence. METHODS: The study was designed as a one-year, prospective,
      naturalistic observation of the clinical course of depression. One hundred and
      sixty-six psychiatrists participated in the study, performed in the years 1999
      2000. Data of 179 patients with the first depressive episode, 170 patients with
      the second episode and 183 patients with third or further episode were included
      in the analysis. RESULTS: At the beginning of the observation, the groups of
      patients did not differ as to age, proportion of gender and intensity of
      depression, both global and particular symptoms. Patients with the first
      depressive episode were included into the study after longer duration of symptom
      occurrence and were more often treated with new generation antidepressants.
      Comparison of the course of disease revealed higher intensity of depressive
      symptoms, both global and particular clusters after 6 months and 12 months of
      treatment, and lower percentage of remission in patients with multiple episodes
      compared to the first episode group. The type of antidepressant was not
      significantly related to the efficacy of treatment. Ten patients (2%) had
      suicidal attempts, one (0.2%) with fatal outcome: in first episode group they
      were made during initial period of treatment, in multiple episodes--later in the
      course. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained indicate that the course and the
      treatment outcome of subsequent depressive episodes are less favourable compared
      to the first depressive episode. Treatment recommendations for depression may be
      verified based on the results of the study.

PMID- 13677973
TI  - [Retrospective assessment of the antidepressants tolerance in the group of
      patients with diagnosis of depression and different CYP2D6 genotype].
AB  - AIM: The majority of antidepressants undergo the oxidative biotransformation
      catalysed by cytochrome P-450, particularly by izoenzyme CYP2D6, whose activity
      is genetically determined. In many cases poor tolerance of antidepressants
      depends on CYP2D6 activity. The aim of the study was the evaluation of the
      relationship between the CYP2Dg genotype and the occurrence of side effects
      during antidepressive pharmacotherapy. METHOD: Eighty nine patients were included
      into study. During the last episode of depression all included patients were
      treated with antidepressants, whose metabolism is catalysed mainly by CYP2D6.
      Based on medical records and patient interview the occurrence of side effects was
      evaluated. The genetic material was isolated from the patients' saliva.
      Genotyping of CYP2D6 was performed using the PCR techniques. The most frequent
      inactive alleles in the Caucasian population, *3 and *4 were identified. Alleles
      that were not identified as *3 or *4 were stated as active allele *1. RESULTS:
      Based on retrospective analysis among patients treated with antidepressants
      during the last episode of depression 42 patients (47.2%) reported severe side
      effects. Comparing to the group of patients with wide type genotype (*1/*1), in
      the group with the genotype including at least one inactive allele, side effects
      occurred significantly more frequently. CONCLUSION: In this group, comparing to
      the group of patients with wide type genotype, severe side effects that required
      discontinuation of antidepressants also occurred significantly more frequently.

PMID- 13677974
TI  - [Electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of depression in elderly].
AB  - INTRODUCTION: The use of a electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in the elderly
      suffering from depression is still controversial in Poland. Not only
      psychiatrists but also specialists who qualify the patients for ECT--internal
      medicine specialists, neurologists and anaesthesiologists--treat the advanced age
      of a patient as a contraindication to ECT. It is also believed that ECT has
      adverse influence on the mental state of patients with the so-called
      psychoorganic syndrome. In most centres in Poland ECT is reserved for patients
      with drug-resistant depression and those in whom pharmacotherapy is
      contraindicated for any reason, such as pregnancy. Nevertheless the patients are
      carefully selected with respect to their physical condition. In many countries
      however the older the patient, the more likely he/she is to receive ECT as a
      method of choice. The effectiveness of this method in elderly patients is
      considered to be higher than in younger groups. ECT seems to be particularly
      effective in depression with psychotic symptoms and psychomotor retardation. The
      adverse effect of ECT on cognitive functions (learning and memory) which is a
      great concern of both doctors and patients, is actually noted in a small group of
      patients and usually transient. Moreover, the frequency of occurrence of this
      effect in elderly is not greater than in younger patients. AIM: We have been
      encouraged to write this paper by very promising results achieved in patients
      treated with ECT in the Psychogeriatric Ward of the Ist Department of Psychiatry,
      Medical University of Lodz. METHOD: All 7 patients were diagnosed with severe
      depressive episode (in 4 cases with psychotic symptoms) in the course of either
      recurrent depression (6 cases) or bipolar disorder (1 case). RESULTS: In all
      patients at least partial improvement was noted. It seems that ECT, assuming
      careful patient qualification, is an effective and safe method of therapy in
      elderly patients.

PMID- 13677975
TI  - [Depression disorders in aged patients in stationary long-term care conditions].
AB  - AIM: The prevalence of depression-type disorders in patients of over 65 years
      staying in a long-term care department was evaluated. METHOD: The 15 item
      Geriatric Depression Scale was used in this evaluation. RESULTS: In the
      examination carried out almost 68% of the patients showed sub-depression
      symptoms, and in more than 25% cases depression was diagnosed. No crucial
      connection between the age of the examined and the depression symptom
      intensification and also between the living efficiency evaluation and the GDS-15
      was diagnosed. There was no significant correlation between the cognitive
      functions evaluation and the GDS-15 one either. CONCLUSIONS: In order to improve
      the quality of life of depressive patients in stationary long-term care it seems
      necessary to give them psychogeriatric help along with early diagnosis and
      treatment of depression.

PMID- 13677976
TI  - [Obsessive-compulsive disorder in a patient with septum pellucidum cyst.
      Psychiatric and psychologic case study].
AB  - The aim of this paper is to introduce the bases of neurobiology, embryology and
      pathology of one of the important structures of the limbic system-septum
      pellucidum. The presented patient was diagnosed with a septum pellucidum cyst,
      OCD and depression. The following diagnostic methods have been applied: Beck
      Depression Inventory, Ways of Life, Rorschach test, Subscales: Similarities,
      Comprehension, Digit Span of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale, Long-term Memory
      Subscale of the Choynowski's Memory Scale, verbal fluence test, Rey Complex
      Figure, Diagnosis of Brain Damages (Weidlich, Lamberti). The patient presented
      global impairment of the examined cognitive functions. Within the personality
      domain the following features were found: symptoms of obsessive-compulsive
      disorders (discrepancy of necessity of self-control and with impulsiveness,
      perfectionism), depression (dependence from other, mood disturbances,
      psychasthenia), epileptoidal personality (shallowing of mental life, egocentrism,
      aggressiveness, affect occurrence).

PMID- 13677977
TI  - [Neurosyphilis with its psychopathological implications. Literature review].
AB  - The aim of this paper is to present the up to date literature review on
      neurosyphilis and its psychopathological implications. The authors briefly
      describe the history of lues, its aetiology with pathomechanisms, epidemiology,
      clinical aspects with the emphasis on the CNS, coincidence with HIV infection,
      groups of risk, diagnostic aspects of lues and the therapy. The authors'
      intention is to stress the importance of lues in clinical differentiation in
      today's psychiatric practice since it happens to be omitted in the course of the
      diagnostic process.

PMID- 13677978
TI  - [The activity of N-acetyl-beta-hexosaminidase and gamma-glutamyltransferase in
      the serum of alcohol dependent people hospitalised after a long-lasting drinking
      period].
AB  - AIM: The aim of the study was to compare the activity of N-acetyl-beta
      hexosaminidase (HEX) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in the serum of alcohol
      dependent people hospitalised after a long-lasting drinking period. METHOD: The
      studied group consisted of 30 alcohol dependent men hospitalised after a long
      lasting drinking period. The control group consisted of 30 healthy men--social
      drinkers. The activity of HEX was determined with colorimetric method Chatteriee
      (modified by Zwierz). The activity of GGT was determined by kinetic method.
      RESULTS: The medium activity of HEX in the serum in the studied group on the 1st
      day of abstinence was 2.3 times higher than the control group (p < 0.05). The
      activity of HEX decreased during abstinence. Starting from the 10th day of
      abstinence the activity of HEX was similar to the control group. The medium
      activity of GGT in the serum of the studied group on the 1st day of abstinence
      was 7 times higher than in the control group (p < 0.05). The activity of GGT
      decreased during abstinence. On the 30th day of abstinence the activity of GGT in
      the studied group was 2.7 times higher as compared to the control group (p <
      0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The activity of HEX and GGT in the serum significantly
      increases during long-lasting drinking period in alcohol dependent people.
      Increased HEX activity in the serum can be a more sensitive marker of long
      lasting drinking period than GGT activity. The normalisation of HEX activity in
      the serum during abstinence in alcohol dependent people takes place significantly
      faster than the normalisation of GGT activity.

PMID- 13677979
TI  - [Aspects of chronobiological effects of ethanol].
AB  - Circadian rhythms regulate various life processes in plants, animals and in
      humans. These rhythms are generated by an endogenous mechanism called the
      biological clock. It has been known that there is circadian variability of
      receptors susceptibility to drugs and circadian changes of drugs kinetics.
      Biological effects of ethanol raise interest of many researchers due to
      consequences of its use. Effects of ethanol on various ion channels and receptors
      suggest that its action may also depend on circadian rhythms and may modulate
      action of the biological clock. Experimental studies on animals and humans have
      shown that circadian variability influences hypnotic and hypothermic effects of
      ethanol, cortisol levels, ethanol pharmacokinetics and ethanol intake. Chronic
      ethanol administration influence thyroid and sex hormones excretion, stimulate
      the HPA axis and changes various circadian rhythms (of sleep, motor activity and
      food intake). Changes in circadian ethanol effects may have significance for
      toxicity and interaction with drugs. Disturbances of circadian rhythms in alcohol
      dependent patients may case therapeutic problems.

PMID- 13677980
TI  - [Threat of drug addiction in the army].
AB  - Drug addiction belongs to those phenomena of social pathology with complex
      canses, mechanisms and conditionings. Drug addiction mainly concerns young
      people, also those from the military environment despite the fact that
      recruitment boards consider detected drug addicts-conscripts to be completely or
      temporarily unfit for service. AIM: The aim of this study is to assess the scale
      of drug addiction among soldiers taking into account the reasons and range of the
      phenomenon. METHOD: Using the method of the auditorial questionnaire, the tests
      were carried out on the amount trial among servicemen using anonymous
      questionnaires. The tests were performed in 1996 and the trial consisted of 552
      soldiers and then they were repeated using the same questionnaire among 682
      soldiers in 2001. RESULTS: It was found that in the years 1996-2001 the number of
      soldiers using psychoactive agents increased threefold. Marijuana and amphetamine
      were the most frequently used drugs. Nearly half of the soldiers tested think
      that in the army there are no problems with the supply with drugs, and over half
      of those who take drugs are of the opinion that drugs do not disturb their
      ability to service. THE RESULTS: Of the tests point to the following conclusions:
      in 2001 16.6% of the tested soldiers confessed to having contact with drugs, in
      1996 this result was 5.1%. CONCLUSION: Marijuana and amphetamine still are the
      most popular among active soldiers. Although majority of servicemen consider
      taking drugs as a negative phenomenon, every tenth tested soldier pointed to
      positive effects of their taking. First contacts with drugs the tested soldiers
      had as early as in secondary school (58.3%), whereas as many as 25% of the tested
      subjects reported that they had the first contact with drugs in the army.

PMID- 13677981
TI  - [Major resections of the liver in patients with high surgical risk].
AB  - Experience with 75 major anatomic resections of the liver in patients with high
      surgical risk due to low functional reserve of the liver, spontaneous disruption
      of hepatic tumor, chronic purulent infection in patients with hepatic abscesses,
      posttraumatic sequestration of the liver with hemobilia, giant hepatic
      hemangiomas, old age and severe concomitant diseases was analyzed. General
      postoperative lethality was 14.7% which was determined mainly by unfavorable
      outcomes in postoperative patients in spontaneous disruption of tumor and massive
      intraabdominal bleeding, and also by severe postoperative hepatic insufficiency
      in patients after right-sided hemihepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma with
      postnecrotic cirrhosis of the liver. Immediate results of surgery in patients
      with obstructive jaundice and biliary hepatic cirrhosis were better that ones of
      patients with postnecrotic cirrhosis. There were no lethal outcomes in group of
      patients after surgery for giant hemangiomas, abscesses and posttraumatic
      sequestration of the liver. Thorough selection of patients based on detailed
      study of functional hepatic reserves and also volume of removed hepatic
      parenchyma is necessary for improvement of immediate results of surgical
      treatment. It is valid to perform portal venous embolization before right-sided
      hemihepatectomy in patients with postnecrotic, biliary cirrhosis, and also in old
      patients to decrease the risk of postresection hepatic insufficiency.
      Roentgenondovascular occlusion of the hepatic artery, Cell-Seiver use for
      intraoperative blood reinfusion and in some cases--use of methods of complete
      vascular isolation of the liver are indicated for patients with giant hepatic
      hemangiomas.

PMID- 13677982
TI  - [Surgical treatment of chronic pancreatitis in combination with duodenal ulcer
      disease].
AB  - Results of two surgeries--total and subtotal resection of pancreatic head in
      combination with selective proximal vagotomy (SPV)--performed for chronic
      pancreatitis and duodenal ulcer disease (DUD) are presented. In one case surgery
      was supplemented with circular resection of the duodenum and fundoplication.
      Reconstructive stage of both surgeries included creation of pacreato- and
      biliodigestive anastomosis on Roux intestinal loop. Choledochojejunoanastomosis
      was created on the same loop of the small intestine either "end-to-side" with
      supraduodenal part of common bile duct or "side-to-side" with its pancreatic
      part. The former surgery was finished with duodenoduodenoanastomosis "end-to-end"
      for recovery of duodenal passage. This surgery was characterized by complete
      removal of pancreatic head. The latter surgery corresponded to Beger's operation.
      There were no complications in the nearest postoperative period. Long-term
      results were favorable and followed up during 17.5 and 7 months, respectively.
      This experience testifies that resection of pancreatic head with SPV may be
      considered as alternative to pancreatoduodenal resection in surgical treatment of
      patients with chronic pancreatitis.

PMID- 13677983
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of postoperative intraabdominal complications].
AB  - Postoperative complications after 8168 reoperations were seen in 143 (1.8%)
      patients. Clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, results of x-ray and ultrasound
      examinations were taken into account in diagnosis of the complications.
      Differential diagnosis of postoperative peritonitis, stable paralytic intestinal
      obstruction, early adhesive obstruction and intraabdominal bleeding based only on
      clinical data is difficult in many cases. Ultrasonic examination and laparoscopy
      permitted to reduce number of unjustified relaparotomies. In the majority of
      cases relaparotomy was considered as a method of choice in treatment of these
      complications. Mini-invasive surgeries may be performed only in mild
      complications. Lethality in the treatment of postoperative complications after
      relaparotomy was 39.4%, after laparoscopic surgeries--8.8%, after US-assisted
      drainage--0. General lethality was 29.4%.

PMID- 13677984
TI  - [Treatment of postoperative ventral hernias with device closure of aponeurotic
      defect].
AB  - A new method of treatment of postoperative ventral hernias was developed. During
      surgery under control over intraabdominal pressure hernial defect is closed with
      special devices for closure of wound margins. Plastic repair with local tissues
      in the form of duplication with uninterruptedly-recurrent suture (1st variant) or
      by contact method ("in join") with auto- or alloplasty on suture line (2nd
      variant) are performed when intraabdominal pressure doesn't change. If
      intraabdominal pressure increases, closure of the wound is stopped and
      polypropylene net or autodermal transplant (3rd variant) are sutured to margins
      of the wound. One hundred and sixty-eight patients with postoperative ventral
      hernias underwent surgeries with this method. Control group consisted of 110
      patients. Recurrence of hernia was seen in 33 (30%) patients. There were no
      recurrences in the study group after the 2nd and 3rd variant of the surgery. In
      the 1st variant recurrence was seen in 6% cases. The method is recommended for
      surgical departments. Device immobilization permits to decrease tension in
      sutured tissue, creates optimal conditions for wound closure and prevents suture
      insufficiency.

PMID- 13677985
TI  - [Ultrasonic technologies in diagnosis and treatment of patients with surgical
      diseases of lungs and pleura].
AB  - The results of complex examination and treatment of 376 patients with different
      diseases of the lungs and pleura were analyzed. High-frequency ultrasound was
      used in 256 patients for diagnosis of lungs and pleura surgical diseases, 412
      ultrasonic examinations were performed. Intraoperative treatment of pleura with
      low-frequency ultrasound was carried out 134 times for prophylaxis and treatment
      of acute postoperative pleura empyema in 120 patients operated on for malignant
      tumors and chronic purulent diseases of the lungs. High efficacy of high
      frequency ultrasound for diagnosis of pleura empyema, diffuse and encapsulated
      pleurisy is demonstrated. Ultrasound-assisted pleural punctures an transthoracic
      aspiration biopsies permit to avoid complications. Ultrasonic examination of the
      lungs during surgery in patient suspected of lung cancer permits to study tumor
      structure. Treatment of pleura with low-frequency ultrasound and combination of
      this method with photodynamic therapy promote reliable sanation of pleural
      cavity. Limited rethoracotomy and treatment of pleura with low-frequency
      ultrasound is the method of choice in the treatment of acute postoperative
      empyema when there is no effect of conservative treatment.

PMID- 13677986
TI  - [Hemomicrocirculatory disorders in pathogenesis of entero-enteroanastomosis
      insufficiency].
AB  - Morphofunctional changes of hemomicrocirculation in the walls of the small
      intestine in acute strangulation intestinal obstruction and after its surgical
      elimination were studied experimentally on 60 mongrel dogs (weight 7-20 kg). It
      is demonstrated that main causes of complications in postoperative period were
      disorders of microcirculation in the walls of the small intestine and
      inflammation in the bringing part of the small intestine. On day 3 to 7 after
      elimination of strangulation intestinal obstruction hemomicrocirculation in
      tissues of bringing loop of small intestine did not meet the requirements for
      reparation after resection of necrotic part and creation of entero
      enteroanastomosis. This is the cause of insufficiency of entero-enteroanastomosis
      in this time interval.

PMID- 13677987
TI  - [Choice of hemorrhoidectomy method in chronic hemorrhoid].
AB  - Seventy patients with hemorrhoid of stage III-IV underwent surgery. In the study
      group (n = 21) hemorrhoidectomy was performed with ultrasonic knife. In control
      group 1 (n = 22) closed hemorrhoidectomy with recovery of anal canal mucosa was
      performed, in control group 2 (n = 27)--standard open hemorrhoidectomy with
      electrocoagulation. When ultrasonic knife was used, time of surgery reduced
      significantly compared with standard closed and opened hemorrhoidectomy--14.7 +/-
      3.7, 40.2 +/- 6.5 and 32.5 +/- 5.6 min respectively (p < 0.05). On day 1 after
      surgery intensive pains were seen more rarely in patients of the study group
      compared with ones of both control groups (34, 75 and 66% patients respectively).
      In subsequent days intensive pains were seen also more rarely in study group than
      in control groups: on day 3 in 15, 40 and 35 patients, respectively, on day 7 in
      5, 30 and 20 patients, respectively (p < 0.05). Degree of pain syndrome on day 1
      after surgery in the study and control groups was 3.0 +/- 0.4, 7.0 +/- 0.2 and
      6.0 +/- 0.3 points, respectively (p < 0.05). Patients of the study group
      demonstrated low requirement in narcotic and non-narcotic analgesics compared
      with the other groups. The time of postoperative rehabilitation of patients in
      the study and control groups was 12.3 +/- 2.4, 18.5 +/- 3.8 and 20.1 +/- 4.4
      days, respectively (p < 0.05).

PMID- 13677988
TI  - [Colostoma with reflex evacuation--a new approach in rehabilitation of stoma
      patients].
AB  - Involuntary evacuation of the stoma is the problem of social rehabilitation of
      stomed patients. In 17 patients during formation of colostoma reservoir-holding
      mechanism was created. Strain of parietal peritoneum led to subjective feelings
      predicting colostoma evacuation that were seen 10-20 min before defecation and
      presented as heaviness in projection of external end of stoma in 15 (88.2%) or
      elements of intestinal colic in 2 (11.8%) patients. This permitted 9 patients to
      control colostoma evacuation. Five (29.4%) patients demonstrated ability to
      control defecation for 10-15 min with tension of the muscles of the anterior
      abdominal wall.

PMID- 13677989
TI  - [Diabetic foot: organisational and clinical approaches].
AB  - Pilot results of introduction of new principles of medical care organization for
      patients with diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) are summarized. Experience in combined
      treatment of 287 patients with purulent-necrotic forms of DFS is analyzed.
      Surgical policy was standardized and lied in combined therapy and choice of
      optimal scope of surgical treatment. Up-to-date principles of DFS treatment
      permitted to save support function of extremity in neuropathic forms in 94.6% and
      in ischemic and neuroishemic forms in 82.6% patients.

PMID- 13677990
TI  - [Treatment of severe forms of generalized peritonitis].

PMID- 13677991
TI  - [Primary hemangiopericytoma of the right atrium].

PMID- 13677992
TI  - [Pre- and intraoperative diagnosis of surgical diseases of the pancreas].

PMID- 13677993
TI  - [Diagnosis, treatment , and prophylaxis of complications in creation of colonic
      anastomosis].

PMID- 13677994
TI  - [Intragastral balloons in treatment of obesity].

PMID- 13677995
TI  - [Normal-pressure glaucoma: a hypothesis of pathogenesis].
AB  - Normal pressure glaucoma (NPG) is a heterogeneous pathology of the optic nerve
      and retina. Besides, primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) with high pressure
      belongs equally to the heterogeneous group. The risk factors and pathogenesis
      stages of NPG and those of POAG do not coincide completely. A considerable number
      of the NPG cases can be attributed to the glaucoma of pseudo-normal pressure. The
      individual norm of the intraocular pressure (IOP) does not coincide with the
      statistical standards. At the same time, POAG with high pressure has, to a more
      or less extent, the specific features peculiar to NPG. This is especially
      characteristic of POAG with moderately high IOP. The NPG specific features
      peculiar to a majority of the examined patients were related with an insufficient
      cerebral blood circulation caused by occlusive processes in the great and small
      vessels of the brain, by the nature of the collateral blood circulation and by a
      dysfunction of the vascular endothelium due to an exhaustion of the cerebral
      perfusion reserve. The latter is formed mainly at the cost of the vertrebobasilar
      basin. The mentioned basin supplies blood to the visual tract, as well as to the
      cerebral centers of the visual analyzer and of the midbrain. Ischemia of the
      upper corpus bigeminum and of the optic nucleus of the corpus geniculate laterale
      reduces the formation and supply of neurotrophines (in particular, of BNDF) with
      the axonal transport to the retinal ganglionic cells, which leads to their
      apoptosis. Cavernous dystrophy of the optic nerve is a factor preconditioning the
      occurrence of excavation of the optic nerve head. The mechanic factor related
      with excavation cannot be ruled out, either. NPG patients often have a relatively
      large size of the optic nerve disk (OND), therefore, their disk area is equally
      large. The pressure exerted on the OND is proportional not only to an IOP value,
      it is also proportional to a disk area. Consequently, provided the IOPs are
      identical, the mechanical forces exerted on the OND would differ with direct
      dependence on a disk area. There is every reason to suggest that a considerable
      share of NPG cases are preconditioned by the cerebrovascular pathology and,
      therefore, not only the ophthalmologist but also the neurologist must be involved
      in the diagnostics and treatment of such patients.

PMID- 13677996
TI  - [Surgical treatment of certain forms of secondary glaucoma].
AB  - The technique of penetrating deep sclerectomy with suprachoroidal explanto
      drainage as well as the results of postoperative follow-up, exceeding 2 years,
      and of the early-described sinustrabeculectomy with regulated filtration are
      presented in the article. Operations were made on 59 eyes (58 patients aged 13 to
      70) with the below forms of secondary glaucomas: new-vascular, postuveal,
      dystrophic (at retinal detachment), posttraumatic (contusion-type), phakotopic,
      postoperative (aphakic), and hemolytic. The below goals were set while
      elaborating the methods: the possibility to regulate postoperatively the
      intraocular pressure, elimination of the pain syndrome, the organ-preserving
      effect, stabilization of the clinical cause and shaping-up of reliable drainage
      paths. The authors registered a positive effect in 87.5% of cases.

PMID- 13677997
TI  - [Damage to the vision organ by non-medical lasers].
AB  - The offered study is dedicated to an acute ophthalmology issue, i.e. damage to
      the vision body by irradiation of non-medical lasers used in every-day life,
      industry and army. A total of 6 patients with damages to the central eye section
      were analyzed. The results of ultrasound fluorography as well as of
      electrophysiological examinations are described and conservative therapy schemes
      are presented. According to a preliminary conclusion, the outcome of the clinical
      condition can be accompanied by a low and eccentric vision.

PMID- 13677998
TI  - [Results of photodynamic therapy of subretinal neovascular membranes according to
      the data of fluorescence angiography and optical coherence tomography].
AB  - We studied the possibilities of the method of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the
      treatment of subretinal new-vascular membranes. The results of PDT in 28 patients
      (28 eyes) with subretinal new-vascular membranes of different etiologies were
      evaluated by using the techniques of fluorescent angiography and optic coherent
      tomography. A reduced membrane area was noted in 17 patients (17 eye), and an
      improved visual acuity was registered in 7 patients (7 eyes). The use of PDT
      makes it possible, in a number of cases, to prevent the reduction of visual
      functions and even to improve them in patients with subretinal new-vascular
      membranes. The use of diagnostic opportunities of fluorescent angiography and
      optic coherent tomography is an indispensable part belonging to the monitoring of
      the conducted treatment.

PMID- 13677999
TI  - [Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of diseases of the anterior and posterior
      eye segments].
AB  - The article deals with the use of photodynamic therapy with regard for the modern
      choice of photosensitizing preparations and with regard for new-generation
      lasers, which reveal, to a full extent, the possibilities of the above treatment
      method. Examples of using the photodynamic therapy in the treatment of some
      oncology pathologies of various localizations, including the ocular pathologies,
      are depicted in the article. The use of photodynamic therapy at retinal diseases,
      caused by the onset of new-vascular membranes due to the age-related degeneration
      of the macular, is under discussion. The application of photodynamic therapy in
      the treatment of cystic filtration cushions, involving the technique offered by
      the authors, is described.

PMID- 13678000
TI  - [Fluorescence angiography in the diagnosis of pathology of the fundus oculi in
      children].
AB  - Fluorescent diagnostics examinations were undertaken by the authors in different
      age 410 children. The peroral fluorescent angiography (FAG) was used to examine
      20% of cases, and the intravenous FAG was applied to 80% of cases. We offered the
      differential approach to dosing the solution, while making the peroral FAG
      examinations, which reduces the frequency rate of unfavorable reactions. The
      dosage ranged from 20 to 25 mg/kg with regard for purposes of examinations. The
      use of fluorescein did not cause any serious complications; nausea and a short
      faintness state were registered only in 10% of children. An examination of
      angiography images demonstrated that the phases of tinting of healthy tissue were
      identical to those tinted at the intravenous FAG. The below peculiarities of the
      child eye fundus were established: a weaker, as compared to the adults,
      pigmentation of the eye fundus, an insufficient differentiation of the macular
      zone and an immature peripheral retina in children during the neonatal period.
      Indications for FAG at congenital and acquired eye pathologies are specified.

PMID- 13678001
TI  - [Some hematologic specific features of penetrating ocular injuries in children of
      Turkmenistan].
AB  - Data about the dynamic changes in the peripheral blood cellular composition, a
      correlation between the quantities of circulating polinuclei and mononuclei of
      the blood and the activity of myeloperoxidase in granulocytes of Turkmen
      children, aged 4 to 16, with penetrating ocular injuries are presented in the
      paper with regard for age and ecological peculiarities of the region of
      residence.

PMID- 13678002
TI  - [Clinical value of the antioxidative activity of blood serum and lacrimal fluid
      in endogenous uveitis in children].
AB  - The method of chemiluminescence in the system of hemoglobin-peroxide hydrogen
      luminal was made use of to study the antioxidant activity (AOA) of lacrimal fluid
      and blood serum in 20 children with endogenous uveitis. As uveitis aggravated,
      there is observed a reduced AOA both in lacrimal fluid and blood serum. As the
      inflammatory process is arrested, AOA begins to go down gradually; moreover, it
      approaches the values in the control group. The correlation between the lacrimal
      fluid AOA and the blood serum AOA was calculated and analyzed for each eye for
      the moment of examination. The low values of the coefficient were found for the
      constantly relapsing uveitis, while the high values were typical for the initial
      remission phase. A study of the correlation between the blood serum AOA and the
      lacrimal fluid AOA showed a low correlation coefficient (r = 0.3) during the
      uveitis aggravation period and its increase during the remission period (r =
      0.7). The obtained data are indicative of that the free-radical processes are
      involved in the pathogenesis of endogenous uveitis; they also show that it is
      advisable to study the lacrimal-fluid and blood-serum AOAs in order to forecast
      the above disease and to choose an optimal therapy methods.

PMID- 13678004
TI  - [A risk of metastasis of choroid melanoma after brachytherapy].
AB  - The efficiency of treatment, frequency rate and the time of onset of metastasis
      were analyzed in 271 patients with uveal melanomas. The follow-up ranged from 4
      to 16 years. 193 patients were observed more than 5 years and 77 patients were
      observed more than 7 years. Modest and medium tumors were registered in 185
      patients. A complete resorption of tumors was observed in 167 cases, 78 eye were
      enucleated due to an insufficient therapeutic effect. Metastases were diagnosed
      in 9.6% of patients. As for the group of patients observed for more than 5 years,
      metastases were observed among them in 6% of cases. Metastases set on in 4-5
      years after operations in 38% of cases, metastases developed postoperatively in 5
      to 10 years in 50% of patients. A total regression of tumor is not a guarantee to
      a complete recovery, however, the frequency rate of metastases drops to 7% and
      they appear during a more remote time period (on the average 7.7 years later). At
      the same time, when the therapeutic effect after brachytherapy is insufficient,
      the frequency rate of metastases went up virtually to 18%, while the time of
      their onset reduced to 4 years.

PMID- 13678003
TI  - [The state of refraction in children with ophthalmic diseases of the disabling
      form].
AB  - The refraction condition was analyzed in 670 impaired-vision schoolchildren with
      various ophthalmic pathologies. Refraction defects were diagnosed in 98.9% of
      cases. Myopic refraction was detected in 48.9% of cases, while hypermetropic
      refraction was found in 50.0% of cases. Astigmatism was observed in 97.8% of
      cases; in 38.6%, it exceeded 2.0 diopters, which was mainly encountered at the
      retinopathy of prematurely newborns, albinism and congenital myopia. Compound
      astigmatism was detected in 83.5% of cases and mixed astigmatism was present in
      8.3% of cases; the latter was more frequent diagnosed in persons with albinism
      and with abnormal development of the eyeball. Regular astigmatism was found in 78
      > 8 of the examinees, inversed astigmatism was found in 11.0% of cases and squint
      astigmatism was detected in 10.2% of cases, the last mentioned type was more
      often found at the retinopathy of prematurely newborns, abnormal development of
      the eyes and at postoperative aphakia. Anisometry exceeded 2.0 diopters in 21.8%
      of cases; a high anisometry was more frequent at the retinopathy of prematurely
      newborns, congenital myopia and aphakia. 7.6% of schoolchildren lacked the
      subject-vision in the second eye. Nystagmus was registered in 46.4% of children.
      The spectacle vision correction was found to be effective in 94.8% of cases,
      however, the severe refractive defects belong to the unfavorable factors for an
      optimal spectacle vision correction or for creating a full-value binocular vision
      image. Groups were specified, which are more favorable and more complicated for
      the spectacle correction of impaired vision. The use of modern contact lenses in
      the correction of high-degree ametropia, astygmatigmus and anisometry can be of
      an effective assistance in expanding the indications for a rational optic
      correction in impaired-vision children.

PMID- 13678005
TI  - [Effects of complex therapy with emoxipin on the course of diabetic retinopathy].
AB  - The efficacy of 1% emoxipin solution (eye drops) in the nonproliferative stage of
      diabetic retinopathy was studied. The inhibition of lipid peroxidation and an
      enhancement of antioxidizing guard were observed both after the therapy by the
      above preparation and 3 months later. It was concluded that emoxipin was
      effective for leveling the biochemical violations in the "lipid peroxidation-
      antioxidants" system of lachrymal fluid in patients with the nonproliferative
      stage of diabetic retinopathy. The prescription of emoxipin eye drops can enhance
      the efficacy of therapy at the early stages of the disease.

PMID- 13678006
TI  - [Treatment of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and serotonin
      insufficiency].
AB  - 30 patients (19--female and 11--male) with proliferative diabetic retinopathy
      (DR) were examined. The age of patients and of the controls ranged from 25 to 72
      years. The duration of diabetes mellitus amounted on the average to 16.4 +/- 4.1
      years. The cause of diabetes mellitus was evaluated for the moment of examination
      as of mean severity and in the stage of subcompensation. Ophthalmologically,
      relapsing hemophthalmias and extensive preretinal hemorrhages in the eye fundus
      were typical for this group of patients. Standard techniques were used to
      determine the index of erythrocytes deformability and the concentration of
      serotonin in the blood plasma. All patients were prescribed intramuscular
      injections of 1% ATP solution, 2 ml daily during 2 weeks. Pentoxifillin was
      prescribed perorally, 0.2 g x 3 times per day during 30 days, enterogel--15 g x 3
      times per day during 7 days. The simultaneous administration of pentoxifylline
      and enterogel normalized the erythrocytes elasticity and the concentration of
      serotonin in the blood plasma. Clinically, it led to an improvement of visual
      acuity (0.18 +/- 0.008) and to resorption of hemorrhages in the eye fundus. The
      obtained results are indicative of the advisability to use simultaneously
      pentoxifylline, enterogel and ATP in a comprehensive medication treatment of
      proliferative DR with chronic serotonin insufficiency.

PMID- 13678008
TI  - [Necrolytic properties of alkaline protease in the treatment of severe eye
      burns].
AB  - Both eyes of 62 rabbits (124 eyes) were experimentally studied. Necrolytic
      properties of alkaline protease were examined on a model of an isolated alkaline
      retinal burn by 10% NaOH with a 10 sec exposure; the protease optimal
      concentration and an optimal exposure were determined. It was established that a
      necrolytic effect correlating with that of lecozyme can be achieved when a
      protease solution with an activity of 25-27 PE is used. An increased activity of
      protease in the solution results not only in hydrolysis of the turbid corneal
      part, but it also melts the perifocal area entailing a danger of perforation.
      Alkaline protease can be used as an ointment to ensure the necrolytic effect,
      however, its dosage in such medication form must be above 30-35 PE. The
      administration of a preliminary enzymatic necrectomy produced a positive effect
      on the postoperative cause and the results of keratoplasty as compared with
      surgical necrectomy, which can be explained by a better quality necrectomy
      involving the use of alkaline protease.

PMID- 13678009
TI  - [Role of spectral filters for refraction dynamics in computer users].
AB  - The influence of the spectral-filter (SF) spectacles (when used for an extended
      time period--for 4 years), produced on the eye refraction of computer users, was
      studied. The persons in the main and control groups (mean age was, respectively,
      49.46 +/- 2.27 and 46.0 +/- 3.28 years, and mean refraction was, respectively, 
      0.71 +/- 0.42 and -0.88 +/- 0.5 diopters) used the computers on the daily basis
      for as long as 4 hours during 4 years. A reliable weakening of refraction in its
      both variants (i.e. reduction of myopia by 0.16 +/- 0.06 diopters, and an
      increase of hypermetropia by 0.19 +/- 0.04 diopters) was registered in the main
      group in case of a prolonged use of the SF spectacles. As for the control group,
      a reliable increase of myopia by 0.25 +/- 0.06 diopters was noted in operators
      with myopia, and a reliable weakening of refraction (a growth in the level of
      hypermetropia) by 27 +/- 0.05 diopters was found in operators with hypermetropia
      and emmetropia. According to questionnaire results, 88.2% of computer operators,
      who used the SF spectacles, managed to preserve the initial improvement of
      comfort, while the comfort degree worsened in 11.8% of them.

PMID- 13678007
TI  - [Experimental-clinical substantiation of the use of micro-lamellar keratotomy
      combined with kerato-thermocoagulation in the correction of hypermetropia].
AB  - The article describes the methods for the correction of hypermetropia, i.e. micro
      lamellar keratotomy (MLK) and MLK plus thermokeratocoagulation (MLKTKC). The
      experiment was made on 6 rabbits (12 eyes). Lamellar corneal incisions were
      implemented by ALK ACS system (USA) to a depth of 73-75% of the corneal
      thickness. Simultaneously, thermokeratocoagulation (TKC) to 80% of the corneal
      thickness was made in a part of animals in meridians 6, 8, 10 and 12 (an 8 mm
      optic zone and 3 to 4 coagulates in each meridian). Postoperatively, the
      keratometric data were evaluated in 1, 3 and 6 months. The corneal optic power
      went up, postoperatively, in the center by around 4.0 diopters in cases, when the
      common surgical technique was used, and it went up to 5.0-9.0 diopters, when the
      common technique was combined with TKC. A clinical approbation of the MLK and
      MLKTKC methods in adults with hypermetropia (44 operations, mean age 29.3 years)
      showed their efficiency and safety. The corneal refraction improvement ranged
      from 3.5 diopters to 7.5 diopters (mean 4.49 +/- 0.89 diopters). The developed
      method of the above surgeries (the diameter of the modeled optic zone is 5 mm,
      the lamellar depth incision is 73%) prevents the complications, which lead to
      irreversible changes of the cornea; besides, it makes it possible to preserve a
      sufficiently wide central optic zone with a present refraction. This study
      provided a foundation for the clinical use of the method in pediatric practice.

PMID- 13678010
TI  - [Results of dynamic observation of patients with primary glaucoma].

PMID- 13678011
TI  - [Electrophysiological parameters of the organ of vision in patients with breast
      cancer and lymphogranulomatosis receiving antineoplastic chemotherapy].
AB  - The study results show that changes in electrophysiological indices of the vision
      organ in patients with mammary gland cancer and lymphogranulamatosis, who are
      receiving a standard antitumoral chemotherapy, are related with a toxic action of
      chemotherapeutic preparations produced on the functional condition of the vision
      and-nerve apparatus and, in particular, on the photoreceptors as well as on the
      internal nuclear retinal layer. It was recommended, for the sake of improving the
      life quality of oncology patients, to evaluate, on the basis of
      electrophysiological indices, changes occurring in the vision organ in the
      process of treatment of the main disease and to correlate the treatment scheme to
      the obtained data.

PMID- 13678012
TI  - [Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome].

PMID- 13678013
TI  - [Pathology of the organ of vision in chronic fatigue syndrome].
AB  - 218 patients were examined and the chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) was diagnosed
      in them on the basis of clinical-and-immunologic data. 126 somatically healthy
      persons of the same age and sex were in the control group. Vascular pathology of
      the vision organ was found in 153 (70.2%) persons, and dystrophic pathology was
      found in 115 (52.8%) persons. A combination of vascular and dystrophic
      pathologies of the vision organ was diagnosed in 46 (21.1%) patients. The
      detection of vision pathology in the CFS patients essentially exceeded the
      morbidity of similar pathology in the controls. No reliable differences of
      refraction anomalies were found between the CFS patients and the controls.

PMID- 13678014
TI  - [Postoperative inflammation in cataract surgery with intraocular correction].

PMID- 13678015
TI  - [Apoptosis: pathogenetic and bioregulatory mechanisms of cell death both in the
      norm and in eye pathology].

PMID- 13678017
TI  - The army goes rolling along.... medics/dentists support Operation Iraqi Freedom.

PMID- 13678016
TI  - Buckle-up and smile for life: uncommon partners find common ground to collaborate
      and eliminate disparties. Part 2.

PMID- 13678018
TI  - Tips for managing patients with Alzheimer's disease.

PMID- 13678019
TI  - Unlicensed assistive personnel: a dilemma for nurses.
AB  - There has been much discussion in the past 4 years concerning the use of UAP. One
      thing is certain: UAP are going to be part of the healthcare team for the
      foreseeable future. Nurses must educate themselves to be prepared to head the
      team of caregivers found in today's acute care facilities. Studying the
      literature and being aware of the role of UAP, the legalities of nursing
      delegated tasks, and legislative changes will help nurses cope with the ever
      changing landscape of medicine.

PMID- 13678020
TI  - Musculoskeletal injuries and ergonomics.

PMID- 13678021
TI  - Gastroesophageal reflux disease in the elderly.

PMID- 13678023
TI  - Urinary incontinence: epidemiology, demographics, and costs.

PMID- 13678022
TI  - Antipsychotic medications and diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 13678024
TI  - Integrative care--inducing sleep with melatonin.

PMID- 13678026
TI  - Professionalization in a distance learning setting.
AB  - Distance learning is becoming an acceptable mode of nursing education. Several
      schools of nursing offer instruction through telecommunications. This new form of
      education is different from the traditional lecture format. Many nursing students
      can complete their nursing education without stepping foot onto the college
      campus, which has caused many nurse educators to question the role development of
      this new group of nursing students. Professionalization is an important outcome
      of nursing education. With the advent of distance learning there is a need for
      research to document the professionalization of the nurse who completes nursing
      school in a distance learning setting.

PMID- 13678025
TI  - Gatherings as a retention strategy.
AB  - Retention has long been an issue for minority students enrolled in nursing
      programs. Indiana University put into place an initiative to enhance retention.
      The initiative is "Gatherings" which provide a means for maintaining contact and
      direct communication with minority/international students. Gatherings allow
      students at varied levels in the program to interact with each other and to share
      issues and concerns. Over a five-year period, the benefits of this initiative
      have been voiced by students. These students have strongly encouraged
      continuation of "gatherings". Plans are underway to start similar sessions for
      all students.

PMID- 13678027
TI  - Use of the professional nurse case study as a method to earn credit in an RN to
      BSN program.
AB  - This article describes the author's experience in developing a professional nurse
      case study as a means of allowing registered nurse students enrolled in a
      baccalaureate degree nursing program to satisfy the clinical requirement at a
      public institution in New Jersey. The author used a survey to assess the lower
      level competencies of their RN students. In addition, a survey was mailed to the
      BSN graduates who completed the program within the past five years to determine
      if they would have selected an alternative to the clinical examination. Results
      showed that the PNCS could validate prior learning of basic nursing competencies
      for RNs returning to obtain a BSN degree.

PMID- 13678028
TI  - Barriers encountered conducting informed consent research.

PMID- 13678029
TI  - Pilot study: does the white coat influence research participation?

PMID- 13678030
TI  - Quality improvement or research: a distinction without a difference?

PMID- 13678031
TI  - Lawsuits target medical research.

PMID- 13678032
TI  - The role of P fimbriae for Escherichia coli establishment and mucosal
      inflammation in the human urinary tract.
AB  - Bacterial adhesion to the bladder mucosa is a critical step for the establishment
      of Escherichia coli bacteriuria. The P-fimbriae, encoded by the pap gene cluster,
      are considered as virulence factors but the mechanisms have been debated. This
      study defined the roles for P fimbriation during the early colonization of the
      human urinary tract. Patients with recurrent UTI were first subjected to
      deliberate colonization with the non-fimbriated ABU strain E. coli 83972.
      Bacteriuria was established long term (1-4 years) in patients with dysfunctional
      bladders, but not in the patients with normal bladder function. Super-infections
      were transient and asymptomatic. P fimbriated transformants of the ABU strain (E.
      coli 83972pap+/prs+) reached 105 CFU/ml more rapidly than E. coli 83972 and the
      vector control. This was demonstrated by group wise and intra-individual analysis
      in patients colonized on different occasions with E. coli 83972 or the P
      fimbriated transformants. Higher neutrophil numbers and IL-8 and IL-6
      concentrations in urine were obtained after colonization with the P fimbriated
      transformants. These results demonstrated that transformation of E. coli 83972
      with the pap sequences is sufficient to convert it to a more potent host response
      inducer. The P fimbriae were shown to lower the significant bacteriuria
      threshold. The P fimbriated transformants needed lower bacterial numbers (103-4
      CFU/ml) to predict a positive second urine culture with a >80% accuracy and to
      trigger a significant host response. These studies show that P fimbriae fulfil
      the Koch Henles molecular postulates for bacterial establishment and host
      response induction in the human urinary tract.

PMID- 13678036
TI  - Current readings in nuclear medicine.

PMID- 13678035
TI  - [Peer-education workshop on research during medical studies].

PMID- 13678037
TI  - [Antibody titer].

PMID- 13678038
TI  - [DRG in the context of current health policy].

PMID- 13678039
TI  - [Homoeopathy, a contentious issue: clinical experiments to support homeopathy in
      the military and in the Berlin Charite, 1820-1840].
AB  - This article investigates a series of clinical trials undertaken at Berlin's
      Charite hospital between 1820 and 1840. Part of the administrative practices
      associated with Prussian medical policy, these trials were used to decide whether
      a new method resulted in better, faster or less costly cures. The article
      demonstrates that the hopes of homopaths that these trials would clearly
      demonstrate the superiority of their relatively new method were not fulfilled.
      The essay investigates the role of the medical experts; medical claims and
      arguments; the areas of dispute and agreement in academic and homeopathic medical
      communities; and the role of public opinion and censorship laws.

PMID- 13678041
TI  - Bad habits and bad genes: early 20th-century eugenic attempts to eliminate
      syphilis and associated "defects" from the United States.
AB  - American eugenists in the early 20th century distinguished "degenerates,"
      including syphilitics, prostitutes, alcoholics and criminals, from the "normal"
      population by their particular bad habits. From eugenists' viewpoint, these bad
      habits were derived from bad character, a flaw that stemmed from an individual's
      bad genes. This essay explores how eugenists during this period characterized
      syphilitics and those with associated character "defects" in terms of heredity.
      Additionally, it examines the methods eugenists most frequently advocated to
      rectify these bad habits. These methods included marriage restriction,
      immigration control and reproductive sterilization. Overall, eugenists directed
      their efforts not so much at the "degenerate" as at his or her germ line.

PMID- 13678040
TI  - Acetobacter intermedius, sp. nov.
AB  - Strains of a new species in the genus Acetobacter, for which we propose the name
      A. intermedius sp. nov., were isolated and characterized in pure culture from
      different sources (Kombucha beverage, cider vinegar, spirit vinegar) and
      different countries (Switzerland, Slovenia). The isolated strains grow in media
      with 3% acetic acid and 3% ethanol as does A. europaeus, do, however, not require
      acetic acid for growth. These characteristics phenotypically position A.
      intermedius between A. europaeus and A. xylinus, DNA-DNA hybridizations of A.
      intermedius-DNA with DNA of the type strains of Acetobacter europaeus, A.
      xylinus, A. aceti, A. hansenii, A. liquefaciens, A. methanolicus, A.
      pasteurianus, A. diazotrophicus, Gluconobacter oxydans and Escherichia coli HB
      101 indicated less than 60% DNA similarity. The important features of the new
      species are described. Acetobacter intermedius strain TF2 (DSM11804) isolated
      from the liquid phase of a tea fungus beverage (Kombucha) is the type strain.

PMID- 13678042
TI  - Impossible cases can be cured when all the factors are known: gender, psychiatry
      and Toronto's Juvenile Court, 1912-1930.
AB  - Mental health professionals intent on leaving their mark on juvenile justice and
      committed to behaviour modification forged a partnership with Toronto's Juvenile
      Court during the 1920s. However, the routine practice of the court did not allow
      for intensive investigation of juvenile offenders or for careful study of the
      causes of delinquency. Conferences started in 1925 by W. E. Blatz bridged this
      gap by offering a number of advantages that could not be realized under the
      court's busy routine. Taking charge of a limited number of offenders permitted
      psychiatrists to more thoroughly examine special cases such as recidivists,
      intensely debate treatment strategies, more carefully supervise individual cases,
      and test their theories about the causes of juvenile crime. Conference case files
      reveal that psychiatrically informed strategies of regulation were a novel way to
      respond to deviance and that gender-specific understandings of, and strategies
      for, appropriate conduct also served to reproduce prevailing ideals for working
      class boys and girls. With clear ideas about appropriate conduct for girls and
      boys, mental health professional attempted to create such standards in the
      delinquents whose cases appeared before them.

PMID- 13678043
TI  - The criminal sexual psychopath in Canada: sex, psychiatry and the law at mid
      century.
AB  - In 1948, Canadian parliamentarians unanimously voted in favour of adopting
      criminal sexual psychopath legislation. An American invention that combined the
      force of the law with the curative abilities of psychiatry, sexual psychopath
      laws were the product of faith in science, and especially "mental health," to
      solve social problems, combined with growing public anxiety about violent sexual
      assault, particularly against children. This mid-century medio-legal experiment
      has been well documented by American historians. Here, the Canadian response to
      the problem of "sexual deviancy" is examined, with particular reference to the
      Committee on the Sex Offender whose findings are representative of the range of
      "expert" opinion on this issue. Though the law itself was widely regarded as a
      failure, psychiatrists and other experts successfully claimed medical authority
      over certain types of sex offences, and popularized medical interpretations of
      sexual behaviour, including the pathologization of homosexuality.

PMID- 13678044
TI  - Myxoedema and a lost wedding ring.

PMID- 13678045
TI  - [What to do? The Ontario government and the illegal recreational use of drugs,
      1966-1972].
AB  - This paper deals with the social construction of illegal drug use in the context
      of the counterculture movement. It looks at the actions and reactions of three
      groups in particular: the Ontario government, the Addiction Research Foundation
      of Ontario and citizens. It demonstrates that the debate about drug use took
      place in particular circumstances characterized by ignorance about the health
      consequences of illegal drug use but also within a moral panic context. Medical
      expertise was solicited to provide guidance to the Ontario government but it was
      gradually challenged by other medical groups and citizens who, by sending letters
      to their Provincial Premier and the Minister of Health, tried to shape public
      policy.

PMID- 13678046
TI  - Gambling in Canada, from vice to disease to responsibility: a negotiated history.
AB  - Gamblers and gambling have been variously viewed as derelict, immoral or
      criminal. Since the mid-1960s, notions of gambling generally and excessive
      gambling specifically have been reconstructed. Gambling, if done in moderation,
      is today generally viewed as an acceptable form of leisure. Those who gamble to
      the extent that relationships, family, friends, physical, social and mental
      heath, employment, or finances are adversely affected are now regarded as having
      a problem and offered government-sponsored therapeutic intervention. Recent
      developments in this transformative process have witnessed the emergence of
      coalitions of seemingly disparate interest seeking to promote responsible
      gambling. Our discussion charts these changing conceptions of gambling.

PMID- 13678047
TI  - The effect of recalling paracetamol on hospital admissions for poisoning.

PMID- 13678048
TI  - Whither pathology in medical education?

PMID- 13678049
TI  - Whither pathology in medical education?

PMID- 13678051
TI  - Creative/artistic narratives of illness.

PMID- 13678050
TI  - The principal and the dean.

PMID- 13678052
TI  - Endocrine-related resources from the National Institutes of Health.

PMID- 13678053
TI  - National hormone and peptide program. National Institute of Diabetes and
      Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Peptide hormones, antisera & other reagents
      available.

PMID- 13678054
TI  - [Nerve impulse in the 19th century: it's nature and the method of research].
AB  - We demonstrate in this paper how scientists in the 19th century did researches on
      the nervous system; some scientists tried to make the nature of "nerve impulse"
      clear only to fail, while others chose to investigate how the nervous system
      works, leaving the nature of the impulse unknown. A. Mosso and H. D. Rolleston,
      for example, attempted to detect heat produced in nerves with a view to
      elucidating the nature of the impulse. The heat, they believed, would suggest
      that "nerve impulse" was nothing but "a wave of chemical reaction" or "a wave of
      molecular vibration." On the other hand, C. S. Sherrington who introduced the
      term synapsis in 1897 to refer to the special connection between nerve cells-
      special in the sense it offers an opportunity for "nerve impulse" to change in
      its nature--refrained from examining the nature of the impulse. He believed that
      it was impossible for science at the time to elucidate the nature. He, therefore,
      focused his attention to reactions of muscles in an animal caused when various
      stimulations were applied on animal's skin in a remote area from the muscles. He
      did not probe into the working of the nerves running between the part where
      stimulation was given and the part where corresponding reaction occurred. He
      pursued his studies by using phenomenalistic approach. We call his approach
      "phenomenalistic" because his research focused only on contradictions of muscles
      easily seen without probing into minute arrangement in a body. Gotch and Horsley,
      like Sherrington, did not argue about the nature of "nerve impulse." But unlike
      Sherrington, they made experiments with electrical changes produced in nerves or
      a spinal cord, based on the idea that "nerve impulse" should accompany certain
      electrical changes. Making use of their electrical method effectively, they
      obtained a series of quantitative data as to the electrical changes. The data
      they collected allowed them to explore distribution of nerves deep in a body and
      even led them to contemplate the existence of "field of conjunction" in a spinal
      cord. They introduced the concept to explain decrease in quantity and delay in
      transmission time of the electrical change, which was observed when a nerve
      impulse traversed a certain part of the spinal cord. This idea was considerably
      similar to "synapse" introduced six years later by Sherrington.

PMID- 13678055
TI  - [Christ as a pharmacist, according to Martin Luther].
AB  - This condition has been stimulated by the latest study written by Fitz Krafft
      concerning the motif "Jesus Christ as a pharmacist", which was frequently used in
      Christian art. It is shown that this motif, fully developed in the first third of
      the 17th century, originated in the theology of Martin Luther.

PMID- 13678056
TI  - The art is long: on the sacred disease and the scientific tradition.

PMID- 13678057
TI  - David Owen Edge (4 September 1932-28 January 2003).

PMID- 13678058
TI  - A black technician and blue babies.
AB  - In this paper, I discuss the many contributions of a versatile black technician,
      Vivien Thomas, to surgical animal research between 1930 and 1979 at Vanderbilt
      University and Johns Hopkins University. Thomas' experimental work led to a
      surgical solution for a life-threatening heart defect, called tetralogy of
      Fallot. Children with this condition lack sufficient oxygenation and were
      referred to as 'blue babies'. Following Thomas' research trajectory and his
      relationship with surgeon Dr Alfred Blalock, I review the conditions under which
      differing expectations towards race and occupation clashed, creating a status
      dilemma for Thomas. While the torsion originated in the laboratory where
      technical skills are valued, the research locale also facilitated a temporary,
      fragile solution for the status dilemma, because it separated Thomas from public
      view. Yet, Thomas' dexterity as a laboratory researcher enhanced his dilemma,
      because credit kept eluding him. In order to track the dynamics of race and
      occupational subordination as lived experience in the laboratory, I argue for an
      analysis of the process of crediting people for their scientific accomplishments.

PMID- 13678059
TI  - Simulation--Savior or Satan? A rebuttal.

PMID- 13678060
TI  - [Definitions in mechanical ventilation].
AB  - Mechanical ventilation can be defined as the technique through which gas is moved
      toward and from the lungs through an external device connected directly to the
      patient. The clinical objectives of mechanical ventilation can be highly diverse:
      To maintain gas exchange, to reduce or substitute respiratory effort, to diminish
      the consumption of systemic and/or myocardiac O2, to obtain lung expansion, to
      allow sedation, anesthesia and muscle relaxation, and to stabilize the thoracic
      wall, etc. Ventilation can be carried out by negative extrathoracic pressure or
      intermittent positive pressure. According to the cycling mechanism, positive
      pressure ventilators are classified as pressure-cycled, flow-cycled, or mixed,
      and according to the type of flow in continuous-flow ventilators, as intermittent
      flow or constant basic flow. Finally, high-frequency ventilators are classified
      according to their high-frequency mechanism as intermittent positive pressure,
      oscillatory high-frequency and high-frequency jet ventilators.

PMID- 13678061
TI  - [Medicinal gases: oxygen and heliox].
AB  - All forms of respiratory support involve one essential element: The gas or gas
      mixture administered to the patient. Oxygen is an indispensable gas for cellular
      metabolism and is indicated in cases of hypoxia. Oxygen therapy aims to increase
      the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood by increasing the oxygen
      concentration of inspired air. In addition to its therapeutic effects, the
      adverse effects and drawbacks of oxygen should be known. Several methods and
      devices for the administration of supplementary oxygen are available. Selection
      of the method should be individualized according to the patient's age and
      disease, the required inspiratory fraction and the child's possibilities of
      adaptation. Helium is an inert gas that has a very low specific weight and
      density. These properties explain its therapeutic effects, mainly in airway
      obstructions due to various etiologies. Breathing the helium-oxygen mixture
      (heliox) reduces respiratory effort and improves gas exchange, without
      significant adverse effects.

PMID- 13678062
TI  - [Parameters of mechanical ventilation].
AB  - Approximately 50% of children admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit require
      mechanical ventilation. The most important parameters to program in mechanical
      ventilation are the ventilation mode, (volume, pressure or dual), modality
      (controlled, assisted, support ventilation), and respiratory parameters. The main
      parameters are tidal volume and minute volume in volume modalities, peak pressure
      (in pressure modalities), respiratory frequency, positive end expiratory
      pressure, inspiratory time, inspiratory flow, inspiratory-to-expiratory ratio,
      time of pause, trigger sensitivity, support pressure, and expiratory trigger
      sensitivity. Moreover, to detect problems in the ventilator and changes in the
      patient, alarms for tidal and minute volume, peak pressure, respiratory
      frequency, FiO2, and apnea must be programmed.

PMID- 13678063
TI  - [Ethics and mechanical ventilation].
AB  - Clinical ethics is a practical discipline that proposes a structured approach for
      identifying, analyzing and resolving ethical problems in health care. Mechanical
      ventilation is usually administered in clinical situations that can provoke
      ethical conflicts. To resolve these conflicts, in each case four aspects should
      be analyzed: Medical indications, patient and family preferences, quality of
      life, and contextual features (social, economic, legal, and administrative).

PMID- 13678064
TI  - Congenital heart disease in the neonate. 1983.

PMID- 13678065
TI  - [Intermittent mandatory ventilation].
AB  - Intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) is a mode of ventilation that allows the
      patient to make spontaneous breaths during the expiratory phase of mandatory
      ventilator breaths. There are two types of IMV according to whether respirator
      breaths are synchronized with the patient's respiratory efforts: Non-synchronized
      IMV and synchronized IMV (SIMV), and according to whether SIMV is volume- or
      pressure programmed. The main advantage of SIMV is that the respirator delivers
      the preset ventilator pressure and rate while allowing the patient to breath
      spontaneously, thus facilitating progressive weaning from mechanical ventilation.
      It diminishes the risk of barotrauma, produces less hemodynamic com-promise than
      control ventilation, reduces atrophy of respiratory muscles and the need for
      sedation and muscle relaxation and can be associated with pressure support
      ventilation.

PMID- 13678066
TI  - [Pressure support ventilation].
AB  - Assisted mechanical ventilation is highly useful in clinical practice and allows
      good interaction between the patient and ventilator. The major uses of this mode
      are to reduce the work of breathing in patients with intact spontaneous breathing
      and to provide additional support during weaning from mechanical ventilation,
      especially when this has been prolonged.

PMID- 13678067
TI  - Brian Blundell Boycott, 10 December 1924 - 22 April 2000.
AB  - Brian Blundell Boycott was an outstanding zoologist and neurobiologist. His early
      research (1947-52), at the Anatomy Department of University College London and at
      the Stazione Zoologica in Naples, Italy, was on learning and memory in
      cephalopods and the functional architecture of the octopus brain. From 1952 to
      1970 he was a teacher of zoology and later neurobiology at University College
      London (Zoology Department). Brain's research interests changed in the early
      1960s, when he began studying the mammalian retina. Over a period of 35 years he
      produced many seminal papers that laid the foundation for our modern
      understanding of the cell types and synaptic connections that form the basis of
      parallel processing in the retina. In 1970 Brian moved to the Medical Research
      Council (MRC) Biophysics Unit at King's College London, from which he retired as
      Director at the end of 1989. He continued to be an active researcher at Guy's
      Hospital Medical School (1990-97) and in the Institute of Ophthalmology,
      University College London (1997-2000). Brian was a modest and kind person,
      generous in sharing ideas and material; he liked to interact and cooperate with
      other people and was very supportive of young scientists.

PMID- 13678068
TI  - Sir Cyril Astley Clark, C.B.E., 22 August 1907 - 21 November 2000.
AB  - Cyril Clarke was an outstanding physician, medical scientist and lepidopterist.
      His career was unusual in that he developed a serious interest in medical
      research only after many years in clinical practice, a change of direction from
      the life of a busy consultant physician that was undoubtedly stimulated by his
      lifelong interest in butterflies. This remarkable transition was to result in his
      leading the team in Liverpool that developed a method for preventing rhesus
      haemolytic disease of the newborn, one of the major advances in preventative
      medicine of the second half of the twentieth century.

PMID- 13678069
TI  - Edward George Gray, 11 January 1924 - 14 August 1999.
AB  - George Gray was an early contributor to our knowledge of the electron microscopic
      appearance of the central nervous system. He was skillful with the difficult
      techniques for preparing the tissues, worked rapidly, and was an astute observer.
      Sitting with him in the dark, staring at a dim image that George was moving
      rapidly as he searched for significant detail, could be an exciting experience.
      He had clear ideas about features that mattered and could quickly relate the two
      dimensional electron microscopic images to the three-dimensional neural
      structures under investigation. He is best known for his detailed and perspective
      description of synaptic junctions in the mammalian neocortex, and his name is
      still linked to two distinct junctional types (Gray's type 1 and Gray's type 2),
      now recognized as generally distinguishing excitatory from inhibitory junctions.
      He studied a wide range of neural tissues, played a significant role in the early
      isolation of 'synaptosomes', contributed greatly to the rapid advance of
      knowledge that accompanied the early application of the electron microscope to
      neural tissues, and influenced a great many later fine-structural studies of the
      nervous system.

PMID- 13678070
TI  - Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin, 12 May 1910 - 29 July 1994.

PMID- 13678071
TI  - Ralph Ambrose Kekwick, 11 November 1908 - 17 January 2000.

PMID- 13678072
TI  - Martin Rivers Pollock, 10 December 1914 - 21 December 1999.

PMID- 13678073
TI  - Guido Pontecorvo, 29 November 1907 - 25 September 1999.
AB  - Guido Pontecorvo was elected a Fellow of The Royal Society in 1955 for his
      contributions to the genetics of Drosophilia and the fungus Aspergillus nidulans.
      Pontecorvo was a leading British geneticist, prominent in the decade preceding
      the discovery of DNA, who enriched our understanding of genes and whose
      pioneering work on the parasexual cycle in fungi found application in human
      somatic cell genetics. Known to friends as Ponte, he had a strong personality.
      Somewhat irascible but warm, with a wry sense of humor, he made many lifelong
      friends and acquired a large body of admirers.

PMID- 13678074
TI  - Elsie May Widdowson, 21 October 1906 - 14 June 2000.

PMID- 13678075
TI  - Arthur S. Elstein, Ph.D.: skeptic, scholar, teacher and mentor.
AB  - Arthur S. Elstein, Ph.D. has said that he has been motivated to address two
      research questions throughout this career: How do physicians make decisions? and
      How can we help them make better ones? He has addressed these questions using the
      tools of a psychologist but the results of his research in medical cognition,
      medical reasoning, and judgement have had a lasting impact on medical education
      and how future physicians are prepared. Further, through teaching and mentoring,
      he has produced a second generation of medical education researchers and leaders;
      and perhaps most importantly, through his role modeling of skepticism and
      scholarship, he has taught what a professional educator must do to succeed in
      medical education. His distinguished thirty-eight year career was primarily at
      the Office of Medical Education Research and Development at Michigan State
      University's College of Human Medicine (1968-1994) and, after his retirement
      there, in the Department of Medical Education and the School of Public Health at
      the University of Illinois at Chicago. During his career he authored or edited
      four books, wrote 22 book chapters, published 99 articles, and made more than 900
      presentations. He received many prestigious awards. This article gives an
      overview of Elstein's career and accomplishments and his perspectives on
      significant innovations in medical education, the role of professional medical
      educators, the major lessons he has learned during his career.

PMID- 13678076
TI  - Ethics in the genetic age.

PMID- 13678077
TI  - Ethical dilemmas related to counseling clients living with HIV/AIDS.
AB  - This study tested an eight-factor model of client actions/decisions in terms of
      the extent to which professionals counseling persons with HIV/AIDS believed that
      those actions/decisions presented ethical dilemmas, and the frequency with which
      they encountered such actions. A confirmatory factor analysis lent initial
      support for the hypothetical eight-factor ethical-dilemma model for the ratings
      regarding the extent to which the participants believed those items constituted
      ethical dilemmas. Similar results were obtained for the frequency ratings, but in
      this case a second, competing model was equally plausible. Several significant
      predictors of participant ratings were found and are discussed.

PMID- 13678078
TI  - Last judgment: the visionary biology of J.B.S. Haldane.
AB  - This paper seeks to reinterpret the life and work of J.B.S. Haldane by focusing
      on an illuminating but largely ignored essay he published in 1927, "The Last
      Judgment" - the sequel to his better known work, Daedalus (1924). This
      astonishing essay expresses a vision of the human future over the next 40,000.000
      years, one that revises and updates Wellsian futurism with the long implications
      of the "new biology" for human destiny. That vision served as a kind of lifelong
      credo, one that infused and informed his diverse scientific work, political
      activities, and popular writing, and that gave unity and coherence to his
      remarkable career.

PMID- 13678079
TI  - Ephestia: the experimental design of Alfred Kuhn's physiological developmental
      genetics.
AB  - Much of the early history of developmental and physiological genetics in Germany
      remains to be written. Together with Carl Correns and Richard Goldschmidt, Alfred
      Kuhn occupies a special place in this history. Trained as a zoologist in Freiburg
      im Breisgau, he set out to integrate physiology, development and genetics in a
      particular experimental system based on the flour moth Ephestia kuhniella Zeller.
      This paper is meant to reconstruct the crucial steps in the experimental pathway
      that led Kuhn and his collaborators at the University of Gottingen, and later at
      the Kaiser Wilhelm Institutes of Biology and Biochemistry in Berlin, to
      formulate, in their specific way, what later became known as the "one gene - one
      enzyme hypothesis." Special attention will be given to the interaction of the
      different parts of Kuhn's Ephestia-based project, which were rooted in different
      research traditions. The paper retraces how, roughly between 1925 and 1945, these
      elements came to form a mixed experimental set-up composed of genetic,
      embryological, physiological and, finally, biochemical constituents. Accordingly,
      emphasis is laid on the development of the terminology in which the results were
      cast, and how it reflected the hybrid state of an experimental system
      successively acquiring new epistemic layers.

PMID- 13678080
TI  - [Advances in the study of chemical constituents and pharmacological actions of
      Cynanchum plants].

PMID- 13678081
TI  - [Characteristics of the development of identification techniques for Chinese
      materia medica in recent years].

PMID- 13678082
TI  - [Advances in the study of Curculigo orchioids Gaertn].

PMID- 13678083
TI  - Dynamic contrast-enhanced MR studies.

PMID- 13678084
TI  - MRI estimation of the arterial input function in mice.
AB  - RATIONAL AND OBJECTIVES: Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI offers the potential
      to provide quantitative maps of tumor perfusion parameters and is therefore
      expected to play an important role in the study of cancer in small animal models.
      Extraction of such information from DCE-MRI data requires a methodology for
      determination of the arterial input function (AIF) for the target tissues. An MRI
      based method for observation of the AIF in a mouse model is demonstrated in the
      present report. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A series of short-axis cardiac images was
      acquired during the first pass of a bolus of Gadodiamide using a low-resolution,
      EEG-gated, saturation-recovery gradient echo imaging sequence. The AIF was then
      extracted from the observed signal intensity changes in the left ventricle (LV)
      blood pool. RESULTS: The proposed technique provides sufficient temporal and
      spatial resolution to accurately characterize the AIF of Gadodiamide in mouse
      models. The AIF was observed in 4 mice and was found to be qualitatively similar
      to that previously observed in larger animals. However, significant inter-animal
      variability in the precise form of the AIF was evident. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed
      method for determination of AIF in mice has been shown to be effective and
      reliable. The inter-animal variability observed in the present study suggests
      that the AIF should be measured in each animal undergoing analysis by DCE-MRI.

PMID- 13678085
TI  - Improving mass measurement of coronary artery calcification using threshold
      correction and thin collimation in multi-detector row computed tomography: in
      vitro experiment.
AB  - RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: This in vitro study was designed to improve the
      accuracy of coronary calcium mass measurement from computed tomography (CT)
      images by developing threshold-based calcium CT number correction and thin-slice
      spiral techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cardiac CT phantom containing
      simulated calcified cylinders of known calcium density was scanned with
      sequential 4 x 2.5-, spiral 16 x 1.5-, and spiral 16 x 0.75-mm collimation on 4-
      and 16-detector row CT scanners. The images obtained from the spiral scans were
      reconstructed in various slice widths. The calcified cylinders were imaged and
      their mean CT number and size were measured at thresholds ranging from 50 to 390
      Hounsfield unit. The calcium mass measured was compared with the actual value to
      determine errors, and threshold-based correction factors were derived to minimize
      the errors. RESULTS: The minimum amount of measurable calcium in 1-mm cylinder
      was 0.3 mg at the 16 X 1.5-mm protocol and 0.2 mg at the 16 x 0.75-mm protocol.
      Compared with 2.5-mm sequential protocol, thin-slice spiral protocols yielded a
      higher radiation exposure and lower or similar image noise levels. The error in
      calcium mass after correction was significantly smaller than that in measured
      mass (P < .0001) and was consistent between the imaging protocols (P = .49). The
      accuracy of mass measurements was clearly improved by using thin-slice imaging
      protocols especially in 200-mg/cm3 calcium density (P < .0001). CONCLUSION: The
      accuracy of calcium mass CT measurement can be improved by threshold-based
      calcium CT number correction and thin collimation spiral techniques.

PMID- 13678086
TI  - Superconducting RF coils for clinical MR imaging at low field.
AB  - RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: A number of recent reports in the MRI literature have
      established that substantial signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gains can be achieved
      with small samples or low resonance frequencies, through the use of high-quality
      factor high-temperature superconducting (HTS) RF receive coils. We show the
      application of HTS coils to the imaging of human subjects with improved SNR
      compared with copper coils. MATERIALS AND METHODS: HTS coils were constructed
      from 7.62-cm YBa2Cur3O7-delta thin films on LaAlO3 substrate and cooled in a
      liquid nitrogen cryostat. Human and phantom images were acquired on a 0.2-T
      scanner. The SNR improvements compared with equivalent-sized copper coils are
      reported. RESULTS: SNR gains of 2.8-fold and 1.4-fold were observed in images of
      a phantom acquired with an HTS coil versus a room temperature copper coil and a
      liquid nitrogen-cooled copper coil, respectively. Preliminary results suggest
      higher image quality can be obtained in vivo with an HTS coil compared with
      copper coil imaging. Images of human orbit, brain, temporomandibular joint, and
      wrist are presented. CONCLUSION: The experimental results show that benefits can
      be expected from application of HTS surface coils in human MR imaging with low
      field scanners. These potential benefits justify the continued development of
      practical HTS coil imaging systems despite the considerable technical
      difficulties involved in cryostat and coil design.

PMID- 13678087
TI  - Automatic measurement of the labyrinth using image registration and a deformable
      inner ear atlas.
AB  - RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: This article presents a new method for measuring the
      shape of the cochlea, vestibule, semi-circular canals, and internal auditory
      canal using image registration and a deformable inner ear atlas. MATERIALS AND
      METHODS: Computed tomography images of the inner ear are analyzed by placing them
      into a common orientation and then registering a digital atlas of the inner ear
      to the data set. The atlas is deformed from its original shape to match the shape
      of the inner ear in the computed tomography data set using inverse consistent
      elastic image registration. This process produces an individualized inner ear
      atlas containing subject-specific measurements and segmentations of the inner ear
      anatomy in the target computed tomography data set. The shape measurements
      include the volume and length of the cochlea, vestibule, semi-circular canals,
      and internal auditory canal; and the angles between the semi-circular canals.
      RESULTS: A simulated population of inner ear shapes were generated based on the
      shape of a real population of inner ear shapes and were used to characterize the
      measurement error of this method. The deformable atlas was used to measure the
      shape of the left and right inner ear of six individuals. CONCLUSION: Measurement
      error for 15 of the 24 measurements of our simulated population had an average
      error of less than 1% and only one measurement had an average error greater than
      2.54%. The deformable human inner ear atlas shows promise as a new method for
      automatically measuring the shape of the labyrinth.

PMID- 13678088
TI  - Image annotation for conveying automated lung nodule detection results to
      radiologists.
AB  - RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The author investigated the ability of automated
      techniques to convey the results of an automated lung nodule detection method for
      human visualization. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Automated nodule detection begins
      with gray-level thresholding techniques to create a segmented lung volume within
      which nodule candidates are identified. Morphologic and gray-level features are
      computed for each candidate. To distinguish between candidates that represent
      actual nodules and those that represent non-nodules, a rule-based scheme is
      combined with linear discriminant analysis. For output visualization, final
      detection results are represented as circles around computer-detected structures
      in a single section in which each structure appears. Consequently, an
      inappropriate choice of section could result in an actual nodule detected by the
      computer but not properly indicated to the radiologist, thus reducing the
      potential positive impact of that detection on the radiologist's decision-making
      process. RESULTS: The automated nodule detection method achieved 71% sensitivity
      with 0.5 false positives per section on 38 CT scans; however, when these results
      were converted to annotations on the images output for human visualization, only
      91% of the computer-detected true-positive nodules received annotations that
      encompassed a portion of the actual nodule. Thus, the "effective sensitivity" of
      the automated detection method was reduced. CONCLUSION: The "effective
      sensitivity" of an automated lung nodule detection system considers the eventual
      human interaction with system output. Differences between reported computer
      sensitivity and "effective sensitivity" may be reduced through proper
      consideration of the assessment of "truth," of the manner in which computer
      results are scored, and of the complete segmentation of candidates for automated
      nodule detection.

PMID- 13678089
TI  - The effect of fatty infiltration on the liver tissue enhancement during portal
      phase computed tomography.
AB  - RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To correlate the presence of fatty liver and the
      enhancement value of liver tissue during portal phase computed tomography.
      MATERIALS AND METHODS: Liver tissue enhancements during portal phase computed
      tomography were measured in 16 fatty liver and 35 control patients. All patients
      intravenously received 100 mL of non-ionic contrast material (320 mg iodine/ mL)
      at a rate of 3 mL/second, and the image acquisition started at 70 seconds.
      Attenuation values were measured on the 80-second portal phase images and the
      corresponding unenhanced images, and the contrast enhancement value (HU) of the
      liver tissue was calculated. Adjusted enhancement values were also calculated
      with the following equation: adjusted enhancement value = enhancement value
      (HU)/[dose (grams of iodine)/body weight (kg)]. RESULTS: The contrast enhancement
      value was significantly reduced in the fatty liver patients compared with the
      normal controls (37.0 +/- 7.2 vs 49.8 +/- 12.0 HU; P < .0001). This difference
      was still significant in adjusted enhancement value (80.1 +/- 13.7 vs 93.6 +/-
      23.0 HU kg g(-1); P = .01). CONCLUSION: The liver tissue with fatty infiltration
      was less enhanced than controls, probably because of decreased portal perfusion.

PMID- 13678090
TI  - Low-dose computed tomography screening for lung cancer in a general population:
      characteristics of cancer in non-smokers versus smokers.
AB  - RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To report the detection rate for lung cancers in
      computed tomography (CT) screening in Japanese adults, and to analyze differences
      in the appearance of the cancers in non-smokers versus smokers. MATERIALS AND
      METHODS: Subjects consisted of 7,847 Japanese adults who received low-dose CT
      screening at least once in a 3-year period. The detection rate of lung cancers
      and the correlation of imaging, clinical, and pathologic findings of cancers in
      non-smokers versus smokers were examined. RESULTS: The detection rate for lung
      cancer was 1.1% for both non-smokers (45 of 4,251) and smokers (39 of 3,596). The
      prevalence of well-differentiated adenocarcinomas was greater in non-smokers
      (88%; 22 of 25) than in smokers (29%; 4 of 14) (P < .001). The prevalence and
      incidence of pathologic stage IA disease were greater in non-smokers than in
      smokers (92%; [22 of 24] vs 58% [7 of 12], and 100% [19 of 19] vs 70% [14 of 20])
      (both P < .05). The mean size of the tumors in the non-smokers (12.4 mm) was
      smaller than that in smokers (18.2 mm) (P < .001). The percentage of cancers
      categorized as pure or mixed ground-glass opacity (86%; 38 of 44) on CT was
      greater in non-smokers than in smokers (46%; 16 of 35) (P < .001). CONCLUSION:
      Most of the lung cancers in non-smokers were slow-growing adenocarcinomas
      appearing as faint ground-glass opacities on CT, whereas rapidly growing cancers
      appearing as solid nodules were more commonly seen in smokers.

PMID- 13678091
TI  - Assessment of vascular physiology of tumorous livers: comparison of two different
      methods.
AB  - RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate liver and liver tumor perfusions by using
      two different modelling methods: gamma-variate fitting and a single-compartment
      model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 5 New Zealand White rabbits with VX2 tumor
      implanted into the liver via portal injections were studied. Contrast-enhanced
      functional CT (fCT) examinations with temporal resolution of 200-500 milliseconds
      were conducted before tumor inoculation. Thereafter, two or three follow-up
      studies were conducted. A gamma-variate fitting method was used to determine
      fractional blood volumes (BV), and a single-compartment model method was used to
      determine fractional blood volumes (BV), blood flows (BF), and mean transit times
      (MTT) for normal and tumorous liver regions. RESULTS: For tumorous regions in
      liver, the gamma-variate fitting and the single-compartment model methods showed
      statistically significant increases in arterial perfusions (P < 0.01) and
      decreases in portal perfusions (P < 0.01 with single-compartment model, and P <
      0.05 with gamma-variate fitting) when compared with normal liver regions. The
      single-compartment model showed statistically significant increases (P < 0.01) in
      MTTs in tumorous regions. In normal liver regions, portal BFs decreased and MTTs
      increased after tumor inoculation, but the changes were statistically not
      significant. CONCLUSION: The gamma-variate fitting and the single-compartment
      model methods showed definite differences in perfusions between normal and
      tumorous regions in liver. The single-compartment model showed slightly more
      distinction and was faster. More importantly, both methods can easily be applied
      in the clinical environment in the assessment of liver perfusion.

PMID- 13678092
TI  - Using a human visual system model to optimize soft-copy mammography display:
      influence of MTF compensation.
AB  - RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The investigators developed an efficient method for
      optimizing cathode ray tube (CRT) monitor performance for digital mammography,
      based on the correlation between the performance of human observers and the
      performance of a mathematical computer model of the human visual system. The
      investigators examined observer performance on soft-copy display of mammographic
      images that were either unprocessed or processed to compensate for modulation
      transfer function (MTF) deficiencies in the CRT display. The results were used to
      validate the human visual system model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six radiologists
      viewed a series of 250 mammographic images with microcalcification clusters with
      different contrast levels on a CRT monitor. The images were viewed twice: once
      without image processing and once with processing designed to compensate for MTF
      deficiencies in the CRT monitor. The images were analyzed with the JNDmetrix
      Visual Discrimination Model, which is based on the principles of just-noticeable
      difference measurement and frequency-channel vision modeling. Receiver operating
      characteristic (ROC) curves were generated for the human observers and compared
      statistically with the model observers' performance. RESULTS: Both human and
      model performance was better overall with the MTF-compensated images, especially
      for microcalcifications in the midlevel contrast range. There was a very high
      correlation between human and model observers. CONCLUSION: The use of image
      processing methods to compensate for limitations in the MTF of CRT monitors can
      improve the detection performance of radiologists searching for
      microcalcifications in mammographic images, and a model based on characteristics
      of the human visual system can be used to predict human observer results
      accurately.

PMID- 13678093
TI  - Computer assessment of neurodegeneration in Parkinson disease using data fusion
      techniques with MR images.
AB  - RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Recently developed MR imaging techniques using
      inversion recovery are a sensitive tool to identify and quantify morphologic
      changes in the substantia nigra due to neurodegeneration. Using a semi-automated
      computer segmentation technique to isolate the substantia nigra pars compacta
      (SN(c)), we propose a colored image fusion technique to visually assess the sites
      of damage in the SN(c) and integrate the information obtained from two
      implemented inversion-recovery sequences. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Six patients and
      six age-matched control subjects were scanned using a combination of two MR
      imaging inversion-recovery (IR) pulse sequences. A subgroup of them was used to
      develop our technique. Images were blended together into a final (RGBA) image,
      where A stands for the alpha channel describing transparency. RESULTS:
      Abnormalities in the SN(c) can be accurately assessed in location, shape, and
      variations of signal intensities within the segmented SN(c) by varying the
      transparency (alpha) channel of the color fusion image. Several previous findings
      such as the lateral-medial gradient of signal change and a ventral-dorsal
      broadening of the pars compacta are accompanied by an overall mild-to-severe
      heterogeneity of neurodegeneration patterns. CONCLUSION: Color fusion techniques
      revealed subtle changes in the neurodegeneration of the substantia nigra in
      Parkinson disease, which can be helpful for an objective and hence effective
      visual assessment of disease progression.

PMID- 13678094
TI  - Optimizing electronic presentations.
AB  - RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Radiologists often use electronic presentations for
      educational and research purposes. Many physician educators may not know how to
      best utilize this technology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature search was
      performed to find information regarding optimal use of electronic presentations.
      RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Information from a variety of sources was compiled to
      provide a guideline for creating electronic presentations.

PMID- 13678095
TI  - The radiology fellowship computer match discourages academic radiologists.

PMID- 13678096
TI  - A dental home by age one.

PMID- 13678097
TI  - Determinants of health in children and the problem of early childhood caries.
AB  - Early childhood caries (ECC) is a significant dental problem for many low-income
      and minority children in the United States. The diagnosis, prevention, and
      management of ECC have been based upon both experiential knowledge and scientific
      evidence. In the prevention and management of ECC, the focus has been on
      modifying the dental, infectious, and behavioral determinants of the disease. The
      purpose of this concept paper is to expand the paradigm used to understand the
      etiology of ECC and design programs to prevent and manage this condition.

PMID- 13678098
TI  - Interproximal contact points and proximal caries in posterior primary teeth.
AB  - PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that the
      risk of proximal caries in posterior primary teeth is higher when interproximal
      contact points are closed than when they are open. METHODS: A cross-sectional
      study design was used with a sample of 286 children aged 24 to 72 months (mean
      age 54 months +/- 16 months). Children with any permanent dentition were
      excluded. Caries (defined as a lesion halfway through enamel or further) was
      assessed radiographically by a single dentist. The open/closed nature of contact
      points was assessed by a different dentist through resistance to dental floss.
      Data concerning known risk factors and indicators for caries were also collected.
      Analyses were performed at the level of the contact point, comparing the same
      contact points in different children. Multiple logistic regression was used to
      asses the relationship between open/closed status and caries status for each
      posterior contact point. RESULTS: In 7 of the 8 contact points examined, the odds
      for caries were significantly increased when contact points were dosed.
      CONCLUSIONS: This research suggests that the risk for proximal caries in the
      posterior primary dentition is raised if contact points are dosed compared to
      those that are open.

PMID- 13678099
TI  - Visual-tactile examination compared with conventional radiography, digital
      radiography, and Diagnodent in the diagnosis of occlusal occult caries in
      extracted premolars.
AB  - PURPOSE: This laboratory study compared visual-tactile examination with
      conventional radiographs, digital radiographs, and laser fluorescence in the
      detection of occlusal occult caries on extracted premolar teeth. METHODS:
      Extracted premolars without obvious caries or restorations were collected from
      school dental clinics. Occlusal surfaces of 320 extracted premolars were examined
      visually with an explorer, then examined using the KaVo Diagnodent unit and
      scored using specific criteria. The teeth were exposed using conventional and
      digital radiography, respectively. The radiographs were assessed for dentin
      radiolucencies beneath the occlusal surface. RESULTS: Of the 320 teeth used in
      this study, 302 were scored as sound by visual-tactile examination. Of these, 57
      (19%) demonstrated dentin radiolucency on conventional bite-wings, and 245 (81%)
      were scored as radiographically sound. Thus, the sensitivity and specificity
      values of the visual-tactile examination compared with conventional radiography
      were 81% and 44%, respectively. In contrast, Diagnodent produced results of 82%
      sensitivity and 36% specificity when compared with conventional radiography. When
      compared to digital radiography, the sensitivity and specificity values of the
      visual-tactile examination were 90% and 44%, respectively. In contrast, when
      compared to digital radiography, Diagnodent showed a very low specificity of only
      32%, although sensitivity was still high at 91%. Differences in specificity among
      the techniques were statistically significant (P < .03), whereas differences in
      sensitivity were not (P > .01). CONCLUSIONS: Although the diagnosis of occult
      dentinal caries may be further enhanced by the Diagnodent, a combination of
      visual-tactile examination and either conventional or digital radiography should
      identify over 80% of lesions.

PMID- 13678100
TI  - Comparison of two methods of space prediction in the mixed dentition.
AB  - PURPOSE: This study compares the accuracy of space prediction for the unerupted
      permanent canines and premolars by a recognized method of mixed dentition space
      analysis (Moyers technique) vs estimation by simple visual observation (SVO).
      METHODS: Twenty clinicians with varying levels of dental experience and training
      blindly assessed study models of 4 intact arches (2 maxillary and 2 mandibular)
      from 3 patients in the mixed dentition using both Moyers and SVO space prediction
      methods. Corresponding full-mouth panoramic radiographs were available for each
      case. Follow-up records of the eventual outcome in the permanent dentition for
      each case available (ie, study models prior to any form of orthodontic
      intervention) served as the standard for further comparison of the space
      predictions made. Predictions by both methods were compared with each other as
      well as with the eventual space situation in the permanent dentition. RESULTS:
      The differences in overall mean space prediction between the Moyers technique
      (excluding molar shift) and SVO ranged between 3.67 mm to 6.9 mm (lower arches)
      and 4.3 mm to 4.8 mm (upper arches). Diagnostic consistency between both methods'
      predictions was highly variable, with correlation ranging from moderate (r =
      0.53, P = .01) to very weak (r = -0.1). Generally, more crowding was estimated
      with the SVO method's predictions. However, the inclusion of molar shift in the
      Moyers analysis resulted in the prediction of more crowding in the mandible
      compared to SVO and eventual outcome in the permanent dentition. The range and
      variability in predictions were always smaller with the Moyers technique compared
      to SVO. Neither technique's mean space prediction more closely resembled the
      eventual space situation in the permanent dentition. CONCLUSIONS: This study
      demonstrated that although the Moyers technique demonstrated less variation and
      more reproducibility than SVO in its space predictions, neither of the techniques
      was any more accurate in predicting the final space outcome in the permanent
      dentition.

PMID- 13678101
TI  - The influence of sequence of impressions on children's anxiety and discomfort.
AB  - PURPOSE: Laboratory studies with adults and children have found lower pain
      reports when pain proceeds from high to low rather than from low to high.
      However, pediatric dentists often ease children into difficult procedures (from
      easiest to most difficult). This study investigated the influence of order during
      a clinical procedure that involved taking maxillary and mandibular alginate
      impressions. METHODS: Subjects were 24 children aged 5 to 6 years (preoperational
      stage) and 24 children aged 9 to 10 years (concrete operational stage). Children
      were randomly assigned to either start with the mandibular (presumed to be
      easier) or start with the maxillary (presumed to be harder) impressions.
      Discomfort during the sequence of impressions was measured using the "Affective
      Facial Scale." A telephone interview was conducted 2 weeks later to evaluate the
      memory of discomfort. RESULTS: The results indicated that the older children who
      started with the mandibular (easier) impression and ended with the maxillary
      (more uncomfortable) impression reported significantly lower discomfort than
      older children who started with the maxillary impression and ended with the
      mandibular (Mann-Whitney U, Z = -2.08; P < .037). The same tendency was noted 2
      weeks later on a telephone interview. By phone, 92% of the older children who
      started with the mandibular impression rated the sequence of impressions as "not
      at all bad," while only 58% of the older children who started with the maxillary
      impression rated the overall experience as "not at all bad" (chi2 = 3.56, P <
      .059). The younger children did not show any significant difference in their
      ratings of discomfort at either of the assessment periods. CONCLUSIONS:
      Consistent with clinical practice, this study observed that older children
      benefit from beginning an appointment with an easier procedure and working up to
      a more difficult one.

PMID- 13678102
TI  - The 2001 Kentucky Childrens Oral Health Survey: findings for children ages 24 to
      59 months and their caregivers.
AB  - PURPOSE: This study was performed to provide a 2001 benchmark of oral health
      status of children in Kentucky with a comparison to the most recent state (1987)
      and national surveys. METHODS: Using Basic Screening Survey protocols for visual
      screenings, a sample of 572 children ages 24 to 59 months was screened in health
      department clinics and physicians' and pediatric dentists' offices across
      Kentucky after caregivers completed a questionnaire. Screeners were provided
      modified Association of State and Territorial Dental Directors training
      materials. Analyses on the sample and population estimates were done with SAS and
      SUDAAN software. This weighted population estimate analysis is based on the
      assumption that sampled children at participating sites are representative of
      other children at that site, as well as children at refusing sites. RESULTS:
      Sample data and adjusted population estimates closely approximated each other.
      Population estimates indicated that 43% had untreated caries, 47% had caries
      experience (early childhood caries), and 31% had severe early childhood caries.
      Thirty-seven percent of the children needed early care, 9% needed urgent care,
      39% had never been to the dentist, 44% had a history of "bad bottle behaviors,"
      and 35% of the parents had not been to the dentist within the last year.
      CONCLUSIONS: Dental caries is a major health and early childhood development
      problem in high-risk preschool children in Kentucky.

PMID- 13678103
TI  - Developmental stages of the third molar in Israeli children.
AB  - PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the developmental stages of the
      third molar in Israeli children, compare its development in boys and girls, in
      the maxilla and mandible, right to left sides in various age groups, and relate
      the developmental stage to chronological age. METHODS: Panoramic radiographs of
      693 healthy children and adolescents (328 boys and 365 girls) ages 7 to 16 were
      analyzed using a modified 6-stage method. Since the 16-year-old group was too
      small for statistical analysis, it was later excluded from the study. Radiographs
      were obtained from patient files. RESULTS: There were no significant differences
      in the development of the third molar between boys and girls and between right
      and left sides. Slight differences were found between the maxilla and mandible.
      The first appearance of a radiolucent bud was at age 8.7 in the mandible and 9.3
      in the maxilla. Crown completion was observed on average at age 11.7 in the
      maxilla and 11.8 in the mandible. CONCLUSIONS: There was a high correlation
      between third molar development and chronological age. Agenesis can be determined
      conclusively if no radiolucent bud is present beyond age 14. The modified 6-stage
      method allowed more accurate determination of developmental stages.

PMID- 13678104
TI  - Eruption of a severely displaced second permanent molar following surgical
      removal of an odontoma.
AB  - The process of tooth eruption is very complex, and many of its factors remain
      unknown. Although radiographic features can provide clues into the eruptive
      potential of a tooth, underlying factors that affect tooth development and
      eruption are not as well defined, ranging from local disturbances to systemic
      disease. In addition, it is difficult to predict which teeth will require
      treatment and when the optimal time is to intervene. The purpose of this report
      is to illustrate the eruption potential of an impacted molar following the
      removal of a developing odontoma, despite its unfavorable position in the bone,
      complete root development, and orthodontic attachment loss.

PMID- 13678105
TI  - Oral manifestations of cyclic neutropenia in a Japanese child: case report with a
      5-year follow-up.
AB  - Cyclic neutropenia is an uncommon hematologic disorder characterized by a marked
      decrease in the number of neutrophils in the peripheral blood occurring at
      regular intervals. The neutropenic phase is characteristically associated with
      clinical symptoms such as recurrent fever, malaise, headaches, anorexia,
      pharyngitis, ulcers of the oral mucous membrane, and gingival inflammation. This
      case report describes a Japanese girl who has this disease and suffers from
      periodontitis and oral ulceration. Her case has been followed up for the past 5
      years from age 7 to 12. The importance of regular oral hygiene, careful removal
      of subgingival plaque and calculus, and periodic and thorough professional
      mechanical tooth cleaning was emphasized to arrest the progress of periodontal
      breakdown. Local antibiotic application with minocycline ointment in periodontal
      pockets was beneficial as an ancillary treatment, especially during neutropenic
      periods.

PMID- 13678106
TI  - Seven-year follow-up of 10 children with periodontitis.
AB  - The present manuscript reports a 7-year follow-up of a kindred in which 10
      children (siblings and cousins) had moderate to severe periodontal diseases in
      primary (9 children) and permanent teeth (1 child). No systemic condition was
      related to the periodontal diseases. The number of affected teeth per child
      varied from 1 to 12. Treatments involved local therapy and systemic antibiotics.
      Treatment of periodontitis in primary teeth led to alveolar bone regeneration and
      periodontally healthy permanent teeth. Recurrence was suspected only in 1 case.
      The different aspects related to prevention, diagnosis, and treatments of
      families with periodontal diseases are discussed. From this manuscript, it is
      concluded that (1) susceptible families develop a high prevalence of
      periodontitis; (2) these families should be carefully monitored to provide early
      treatment to new cases; and (3) treatment of children with periodontitis in the
      primary dentition may be successful, with no periodontitis developing in the
      permanent dentition in adolescence.

PMID- 13678107
TI  - Xeroderma pigmentosum: a case report.
AB  - This paper presents a case study of a child with xeroderma pigmentosum (XP). The
      disease results in sensitivity to UV radiation as a result of reduced activity in
      a defective enzyme responsible for DNA repair. Affected individuals have a
      variety of clinical symptoms, which may include problems of the skin and oral
      mucosa, ocular manifestations, and neurologic impairment. A number of precautions
      must be taken when treating these patients, which include proper shielding from
      damaging light and the selection of suitable dental materials. The necessary
      measures required when treating patients with XP are reviewed in this report.

PMID- 13678108
TI  - Children's preference of benzocaine gel versus the lidocaine patch.
AB  - PURPOSE: This study compared pain, acceptance, and preference associated with 2
      topical anesthetics: benzocaine gel and lidocaine patch (DentiPatch). METHODS:
      Thirty patients aged 3 to 10 years participated in this within-subjects study.
      All children required identical or similar dental work bilaterally (restorations,
      extractions, endodontic procedures, or sealants). Subjects chose either
      DentiPatch or benzocaine gel at the first visit. The anesthetic the child did not
      choose was used at the second visit. The Whali-Wong scale was used to measure
      comfort before and after application of topical anesthetic and after injection,
      and the Sounds, Eyes, Motor (SEM) scale measured pain upon injection. RESULTS: At
      the first visit, 80% of subjects selected DentiPatch; 60% of subjects made their
      choice based on appearance. Younger children more than older children were
      influenced by appearance in their selection. After trying both topical
      anesthetics, 77% preferred DentiPatch; final preference and either age or gender
      were not significantly related. The gel had greater scores than the patch for the
      Sounds pain value and for the SEM scale composite score. CONCLUSIONS: The
      lidocaine patch was associated with some objective evidence of reduced pain
      compared to the gel and was preferred by most children.

PMID- 13678109
TI  - M. King Hubbert: a centennial tribute.

PMID- 13678110
TI  - Comment on "Ecohydrology--why hydrologists should care".

PMID- 13678111
TI  - From models to performance assessment: the conceptualization problem.
AB  - Today, models are ubiquitous tools for ground water analyses. The intent of this
      paper is to explore philosophically the role of the conceptual model in analysis.
      Selection of the appropriate conceptual model is an a priori decision by the
      analyst. Calibration is an integral part of the modeling process. Unfortunately a
      wrong or incomplete conceptual model can often be adequately calibrated; good
      calibration of a model does not ensure a correct conceptual model. Petroleum
      engineers have another term for calibration; they refer to it as history
      matching. A caveat to the idea of history matching is that we can make a
      prediction with some confidence equal to the period of the history match. In
      other words, if we have matched a 10-year history, we can predict for 10 years
      with reasonable confidence; beyond 10 years the confidence in the prediction
      diminishes rapidly. The same rule of thumb applies to ground water model
      analyses. Nuclear waste disposal poses a difficult problem because the time
      horizon, 1000 years or longer, is well beyond the possibility of the history
      match (or period of calibration) in the traditional analysis. Nonetheless,
      numerical models appear to be the tool of choice for analyzing the safety of
      waste facilities. Models have a well-recognized inherent uncertainty. Performance
      assessment, the technique for assessing the safety of nuclear waste facilities,
      involves an ensemble of cascading models. Performance assessment with its
      ensemble of models multiplies the inherent uncertainty of the single model. The
      closer we can approach the idea of a long history with which to match the models,
      even models of nuclear waste facilities, the more confidence we will have in the
      analysis (and the models, including performance assessment). This thesis argues
      for prolonged periods of observation (perhaps as long as 300 to 1000 years)
      before a nuclear waste facility is finally closed.

PMID- 13678112
TI  - Localization of saturated karst aquifer with magnetic resonance sounding and
      resistivity imagery.
AB  - To answer one of the main questions of hydrogeologists implementing boreholes or
      working on pollution questions in a karst environment--i.e., where is the ground
      water?--numerous tools including geophysics are used. However, the contribution
      of geophysics differs from one method to the other. The magnetic resonance
      sounding (MRS) method has the advantage of direct detection of ground water over
      other geophysical methods. Eight MRSs were implemented over a known karst conduit
      explored and mapped by speleologists to estimate the MRS ability to localize
      ground water. Two direct current resistivity imageries (DC-2D imagery) were also
      implemented to check their capability to map a known cave. We found that the MRS
      is a useful tool to locate ground water in karst as soon as the quantity of water
      is enough to be detected. The threshold quantity is a function of depth and it
      was estimated by forward modeling to propose a support graph to hydrogeologists.
      The measured MRS's signals could be used to calculate transmissivity and
      permeability estimators. These estimators were used to map and to draw a cross
      section of the case study site, which underline accurately the known karst
      conduit location and depth. We also found that the DC-2D imagery could underline
      the karst structures: It was able to detect the known cave through its associated
      faults. We prepared a computer simulation to check the depth of such a cave to
      induce resistivity anomaly which could be measured in similar conditions.

PMID- 13678113
TI  - Stochastic ground water flow simulation with a fracture zone continuum model.
AB  - A method is presented for incorporating the hydraulic effects of vertical
      fracture zones into two-dimensional cell-based continuum models of ground water
      flow and particle tracking. High hydraulic conductivity features are used in the
      model to represent fracture zones. For fracture zones that are not coincident
      with model rows or columns, an adjustment is required for the hydraulic
      conductivity value entered into the model cells to compensate for the longer
      flowpath through the model grid. A similar adjustment is also required for
      simulated travel times through model cells. A travel time error of less than 8%
      can occur for particles moving through fractures with certain orientations. The
      fracture zone continuum model uses stochastically generated fracture zone
      networks and Monte Carlo analysis to quantify uncertainties with simulated
      advective travel times. An approach is also presented for converting an
      equivalent continuum model into a fracture zone continuum model by establishing
      the contribution of matrix block transmissivity to the bulk transmissivity of the
      aquifer. The methods are used for a case study in west-central Florida to
      quantify advective travel times from a potential wetland rehydration site to a
      municipal supply wellfield. Uncertainties in advective travel times are assumed
      to result from the presence of vertical fracture zones, commonly observed on
      aerial photographs as photolineaments.

PMID- 13678114
TI  - A single recovery type curve from Theis' exact solution.
AB  - The Theis type curve matching method and the Cooper-Jacob semilog method are
      commonly used for estimation of transmissivity and storage coefficient of
      infinite, homogeneous, isotropic, confined aquifers from drawdown data of a
      constant rate pumping test. Although these methods are based on drawdown data,
      they are often applied indiscriminately to analyze both drawdown and recovery
      data. Moreover, the limitations of drawdown type curve to analyze recovery data
      collected after short pumping times are not well understood by the practicing
      engineers. This often may result in an erroneous interpretation of such recovery
      data. In this paper, a novel but simple method is proposed to determine the
      storage coefficient as well as transmissivity from recovery data measured after
      the pumping period of an aquifer test. The method eliminates the dependence on
      pumping time effects and has the advantage of employing only one single recovery
      type curve. The method based on the conversion of residual drawdown to recovered
      drawdown (buildup) data plotted versus a new equivalent time (delta(t) x
      t(p)/t(p) + delta(t)). The method uses the recovery data in one observation point
      only, and does not need the initial water level h0, which may be unknown. The
      accuracy of the method is checked with three sets of field data. This method
      appears to be complementary to the Cooper-Jacob and Theis methods, as it provides
      values of both storage coefficient and transmissivity from recovery data,
      regardless of pumping duration.

PMID- 13678115
TI  - Brackish karstic springs model: application to Almiros spring in Crete.
AB  - A mathematical model is proposed to simulate brackish karstic springs. Rainfall
      data constitutes model input information while output information is the
      discharge and the chloride concentration of the water versus time. The model was
      constructed by considering the mass and mechanical energy balance on the
      hydrodynamic analog, which includes three reservoirs outflowing in a tube that
      lies adjacent to the spring. Two reservoirs emulate the karstic system, and the
      third one emulates the sea. The discharge of the spring is given by the sum of
      the discharge of the reservoirs, and the chloride concentration by the solution
      of the mixing problem between the fresh and the salty water, which exists in the
      tube leading to the spring. The model is applied to the spring of Almiros at
      Heraklion, Crete, Greece. The agreement between model values and field
      measurements is very good for depletion periods and satisfactory for recharge
      periods.

PMID- 13678116
TI  - Analysis of slug tests in formations of high hydraulic conductivity.
AB  - A new procedure is presented for the analysis of slug tests performed in
      partially penetrating wells in formations of high hydraulic conductivity. This
      approach is a simple, spreadsheet-based implementation of existing models that
      can be used for analysis of tests from confined or unconfined aquifers. Field
      examples of tests exhibiting oscillatory and nonoscillatory behavior are used to
      illustrate the procedure and to compare results with estimates obtained using
      alternative approaches. The procedure is considerably simpler than recently
      proposed methods for this hydrogeologic setting. Although the simplifications
      required by the approach can introduce error into hydraulic-conductivity
      estimates, this additional error becomes negligible when appropriate measures are
      taken in the field. These measures are summarized in a set of practical field
      guidelines for slug tests in highly permeable aquifers.

PMID- 13678117
TI  - A critique of the internal tracer method for estimating contaminant degradation
      rates.
AB  - The internal tracer method for estimating contaminant degradation rates separates
      the attenuation effects not associated with degradation by using a codisposed
      recalcitrant internal tracer to normalize the degrading contaminant
      concentration. The remaining attenuation between the internal tracer and
      degrading contaminant is attributed to degradation and the degradation rate half
      life is estimated from the first-order decay equation. An analytical solution of
      the advection- dispersion equation was used to evaluate flow-and-transport
      conditions that could result in incorrect estimates of contaminant degradation
      rate constants. Flow-and-transport characteristics that result in overestimating
      degradation rates were of particular interest because the internal tracer method
      often used to demonstrate natural attenuation can achieve remedial objectives.
      The analytical solution was also used to estimate the magnitude of error
      associated with using the internal tracer method at an example site and to
      explain different degradation rates estimated using tracers with different decay
      rate constants.

PMID- 13678118
TI  - Estimating deep recharge rates beneath an interlobate moraine using temperature
      logs.
AB  - The Sandilands area of southeastern Manitoba contains an interlobate moraine that
      is a major ground water recharge area. Underlying the highly permeable sediments
      of the moraine are up to 100 m of till and the subcrop of the Winnipeg Formation,
      which contains a major sandstone aquifer. Ground water flow within the till is
      examined using high-resolution temperature profiles and solutions to the
      differential equation for heat flow in porous media. These analyses indicate that
      recharge to the sandstone aquifer is occurring at a rate of approximately 2 x 10(
      8) m/sec beneath the moraine, which is in agreement with recharge rates
      determined by conventional ground water hydraulics (10(-7) to 10(-10)(m/sec) and
      another study using multiple environmental tracers (1 x 10(-9) to 6 X 10(-9)
      m/sec). The use of temperature to determine ground water flux is not limited by
      half-lives as many environmental tracers are, and this allows for cost-effective
      estimation of recharge and discharge rates over longer periods.

PMID- 13678119
TI  - Comparison of heat and bromide as ground water tracers near streams.
AB  - Heat and bromide were compared as tracers for examining stream/ground water
      exchanges along the middle reaches of the Santa Clara River, California, during a
      10-hour surface water sodium bromide injection test. Three cross sections that
      comprise six shallow (<1 m) piezometers were installed at the upper, middle, and
      lower sections of a 17 km long study reach, to monitor temperatures and bromide
      concentrations in the shallow ground water beneath the stream. A heat and ground
      water transport simulation model and a closely related solute and ground water
      transport simulation model were matched up for comparison of simulated and
      observed temperatures and bromide concentrations in the streambed. Vertical, one
      dimensional simulations of sediment temperature were fitted to observed
      temperature results, to yield apparent streambed hydraulic conductivities in each
      cross section. The temperature-based hydraulic conductivities were assigned to a
      solute and ground water transport model to predict sediment bromide
      concentrations, during the sodium bromide injection test. Vertical, one
      dimensional simulations of bromide concentrations in the sediments yielded a good
      match to the observed bromide concentrations, without adjustment of any model
      parameters except solute dispersivities. This indicates that, for the spatial and
      temporal scales examined on the Santa Clara River, the use of heat and bromide as
      tracers provide comparable information with respect to apparent hydraulic
      conductivities and fluxes for sediments near streams. In other settings, caution
      should be used due to differences in the nature of conservative (bromide) versus
      nonconservative (heat) tracers, particularly when preferential flowpaths are
      present.

PMID- 13678120
TI  - Using temperature to test models of flow near Yucca Mountain, Nevada.
AB  - Ground water temperatures in the fractured volcanic aquifer near Yucca Mountain,
      Nevada, have previously been shown to have significant spatial variability with
      regions of elevated temperatures coinciding roughly with near-vertical north
      south trending faults. Using insights gained from one-dimensional models,
      previous investigators have suggested upwelling along faults from an underlying
      aquifer as a likely explanation for this ground water temperature pattern. Using
      a three-dimensional coupled flow and heat-transport model, we show that the
      thermal high coinciding with the Paintbrush fault zone can be explained without
      significant upwelling from the underlying aquifer. Instead, the thermal anomaly
      is consistent with thermal conduction enhanced slightly by vertical ground water
      movement within the volcanic aquifer sequence. If more than approximately 400
      m3/day of water enters the volcanic aquifer from below along a 10 km fault zone,
      the calculated temperatures at the water table are significantly greater than the
      measured temperatures. These results illustrate the potential limitations in
      using one-dimensional models to interpret ground water temperature data, and
      underscore the value in combining temperature data with fully coupled three
      dimensional simulations.

PMID- 13678121
TI  - Ground water/surface water interaction in a fractured rock aquifer.
AB  - In a recent field study of ground water/surface water interaction between a
      bedrock stream and an underlying fractured rock aquifer, it was determined that
      the majority of ground water discharge occurred through sparsely located vertical
      fractures. In this paper, the dominant mechanisms governing ground water/surface
      water exchange in such an environment are investigated using a numerical model.
      The study was conducted using several conceptual models based on the field study
      results. Although the field results provided the motivation for the modeling
      study, it was not intended to match modeling and field results directly. In
      addition, the extent of capture zones for discharging or recharging fractures was
      explored. The results of this study are intended to provide a better
      understanding of contaminant migration in the vicinity of bedrock streams. Based
      on the numerical results, the rate of ground water discharge (or recharge) was
      found to depend on the aperture size of the discharging feature, and on the
      distribution of hydraulic head with depth within the fracture network. It was
      determined that the extent of both the capture zone and reverse capture zone for
      an individual fracture can be extremely large, and will be determined by the
      height of the stream stage, the fracture apertures of the network, and the
      hydraulic-head distribution within the network. Because both the stream stage and
      the hydraulic-head distribution are transient, the size of the capture zone
      and/or the reverse capture zone for an individual fracture may change
      significantly over time. As a result, the migration path for contaminants within
      the fracture network and between the surface and subsurface will also vary
      significantly with time.

PMID- 13678122
TI  - Bacterial transport experiments in fractured crystalline bedrock.
AB  - The efficiency of contaminant biodegradation in ground water depends, in part, on
      the transport properties of the degrading bacteria. Few data exist concerning the
      transport of bacteria in saturated bedrock, particularly at the field scale.
      Bacteria and microsphere tracer experiments were conducted in a fractured
      crystalline bedrock under forced-gradient conditions over a distance of 36 m.
      Bacteria isolated from the local ground water were chosen on the basis of
      physicochemical and physiological differences (shape, cell-wall type, motility),
      and were differentially stained so that their transport behavior could be
      compared. No two bacterial strains transported in an identical manner, and
      microspheres produced distinctly different breakthrough curves than bacteria.
      Although there was insufficient control in this field experiment to completely
      separate the effects of bacteria shape, reaction to Gram staining, cell size, and
      motility on transport efficiency, it was observed that (1) the nonmotile, mutant
      strain exhibited better fractional recovery than the motile parent strain; (2)
      Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria exhibited higher fractional recovery relative
      to the Gram-positive rod-shaped strain of similar size; and (3) coccoidal
      (spherical-shaped) bacteria transported better than all but one strain of the rod
      shaped bacteria. The field experiment must be interpreted in the context of the
      specific bacterial strains and ground water environment in which they were
      conducted, but experimental results suggest that minor differences in the
      physical properties of bacteria can lead to major differences in transport
      behavior at the field scale.

PMID- 13678123
TI  - Laboratory and numerical investigation of flow and transport near a seepage-face
      boundary.
AB  - Laboratory and numerical modeling investigations were completed to study the
      unconfined ground water flow and transport processes near a seepage-face
      boundary. The laboratory observations were made in a radial sand tank and
      included measurements of the height of the seepage face, flow velocity near the
      seepage face, travel time distribution of multiple tracer slugs, and streamlines.
      All the observations were reliably reproduced with a three-dimensional, axi
      symmetric, variably saturated ground water flow model. Physical data presented in
      this work demonstrate and quantify the importance of three-dimensional transport
      patterns within a seepage-face zone. The results imply that vertically averaged
      flow models that employ Dupuit approximations might introduce error in the
      analysis of localized solute transport near a seepage-face boundary. The
      experimental dataset reported in this work will also be of interest for those who
      are attempting to validate a numerical algorithm for solving ground water and
      contaminant discharge patterns near a surface-water boundary.

PMID- 13678124
TI  - The effect of critical pH on virus fate and transport in saturated porous medium.
AB  - Several viral transport experiments were conducted in a model aquifer 1 m long,
      using bacteriophages MS2 and phiX174 at various pH (4.6 to 8.3) conditions, to
      increase our understanding of virus behavior in ground water. The results
      indicate the existence of a critical pH at which the virus behavior changes
      abruptly. This is supported by data from field and batch experiments. The
      critical pH is determined to be 0.5 unit below the highest isoelectric point of
      the virus and porous medium. When water pH is below the critical pH, the virus
      has an opposite charge to at least one component of the porous medium, and is
      almost completely and irreversibly removed from the water. This suggests that
      electrostatic attraction at a subcritical water pH condition is an important
      factor controlling virus attenuation in ground water. The concept of critical pH
      can assist in the design of geologic barriers for preventing viral contamination
      in ground water.

PMID- 13678125
TI  - About Herman Bouwer.

PMID- 13678126
TI  - HHS awards $45.7 million to provide health care to patients with HIV/AIDS.

PMID- 13678127
TI  - Perioperative beta blockers for patients with diabetes.

PMID- 13678128
TI  - Examinations should include food allergy tests.

PMID- 13678129
TI  - Post-traumatic stress disorder as a cause of night sweats.

PMID- 13678130
TI  - Screening for inhalant abuse in children and adolescents.

PMID- 13678131
TI  - Is leflunomide as safe and effective in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis as
      other DMARDs?

PMID- 13678132
TI  - New developments in the management of hypertension.
AB  - The management of hypertension has evolved over the past decade. Isolated
      systolic blood pressure elevation, the most common form of uncontrolled
      hypertension, is recognized as a significant risk factor for vascular
      complications in patients with hypertension. Nutritional management of
      hypertension has moved beyond simply restricting sodium intake to ensuring that
      patients consume adequate amounts of the major food groups, particularly those
      containing calcium, potassium, and magnesium. Selective aldosterone receptor
      blockers are a new class of antihypertensive medication, and the angiotensin
      receptor blocker class has several new additions. However, the main-stay of
      treatment remains a diuretic or a combination of a diuretic and either a beta
      blocker or an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Hypertension is a
      significant risk factor for vascular complications of diabetes, and the target
      blood pressure in patients with diabetes or chronic renal disease and
      hypertension should be lower than that in patients with hypertension alone.
      Controlling hypertension in elderly patients can reduce their complications at
      least as much as it does those of younger patients with hypertension.

PMID- 13678133
TI  - Information from your family doctor. Healthy eating for blood pressure control.

PMID- 13678134
TI  - Recognition and prevention of inhalant abuse.
AB  - Inhalant abuse is a prevalent and often overlooked form of substance abuse in
      adolescents. Survey results consistently show that nearly 20 percent of children
      in middle school and high school have experimented with inhaled substances. The
      method of delivery is inhalation of a solvent from its container, a soaked rag,
      or a bag. Solvents include almost any household cleaning agent or propellant,
      paint thinner, glue, and lighter fluid. Inhalant abuse typically can cause a
      euphoric feeling and can become addictive. Acute effects include sudden sniffing
      death syndrome, asphyxia, and serious injuries (e.g., falls, burns, frostbite).
      Chronic inhalant abuse can damage cardiac, renal, hepatic, and neurologic
      systems. Inhalant abuse during pregnancy can cause fetal abnormalities. Diagnosis
      of inhalant abuse is difficult and relies almost entirely on a thorough history
      and a high index of suspicion. No specific laboratory tests confirm solvent
      inhalation. Treatment is generally supportive, because there are no reversal
      agents for inhalant intoxication. Education of young persons and their parents is
      essential to decrease experimentation with inhalants.

PMID- 13678135
TI  - Information from your family doctor. Is your child abusing inhalants?

PMID- 13678136
TI  - Failure to thrive.
AB  - Failure to thrive is a condition commonly seen by primary care physicians. Prompt
      diagnosis and intervention are important for preventing malnutrition and
      developmental sequelae. Medical and social factors often contribute to failure to
      thrive. Either extreme of parental attention (neglect or hypervigilance) can lead
      to failure to thrive. About 25 percent of normal infants will shift to a lower
      growth percentile in the first two years of life and then follow that percentile;
      this should not be diagnosed as failure to thrive. Infants with Down syndrome,
      intrauterine growth retardation, or premature birth follow different growth
      patterns than normal infants. Many infants with failure to thrive are not
      identified unless careful attention is paid to plotting growth parameters at
      routine checkups. A thorough history is the best guide to establishing the
      etiology of the failure to thrive and directing further evaluation and
      management. All children with failure to thrive need additional calories for
      catch-up growth (typically 150 percent of the caloric requirement for their
      expected, not actual, weight). Few need laboratory evaluation. Hospitalization is
      rarely required and is indicated only for severe failure to thrive and for those
      whose safety is a concern. A multidisciplinary approach is recommended when
      failure to thrive persists despite intervention or when it is severe.

PMID- 13678137
TI  - Information from your family doctor. Failure to thrive: why is my child
      underweight?

PMID- 13678138
TI  - Smallpox vaccine: contraindications, administration, and adverse reactions.
AB  - Since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and the anthrax exposures in
      the following weeks, concern that smallpox could be used as a biologic weapon has
      increased. Public health departments and the U.S. military have begun the process
      of vaccinating soldiers and civilian first-responders. Smallpox vaccination
      carries some serious risks: approximately one in 1 million primary vaccinees and
      one in 4 million revaccinees will die from adverse vaccine reactions. The most
      serious side effects of smallpox vaccine include progressive vaccinia,
      postvaccinial central nervous system disease, and eczema vaccinatum. Some of
      these reactions can be treated with vaccinia immune globulin or cidofovir. Proper
      patient screening and site care are essential. Family physicians must learn to
      screen potential vaccinees for contraindications (e.g., immunodeficiency,
      immunosuppression, certain skin and eye diseases, pregnancy, lactation, allergy
      to the vaccine or its components, moderate or severe intercurrent illness) and to
      treat vaccine-associated adverse reactions.

PMID- 13678139
TI  - Evaluation of patients presenting with knee pain: Part I. History, physical
      examination, radiographs, and laboratory tests.
AB  - Family physicians frequently encounter patients with knee pain. Accurate
      diagnosis requires a knowledge of knee anatomy, common pain patterns in knee
      injuries, and features of frequently encountered causes of knee pain, as well as
      specific physical examination skills. The history should include characteristics
      of the patient's pain, mechanical symptoms (locking, popping, giving way), joint
      effusion (timing, amount, recurrence), and mechanism of injury. The physical
      examination should include careful inspection of the knee, palpation for point
      tenderness, assessment of joint effusion, range-of-motion testing, evaluation of
      ligaments for injury or laxity, and assessment of the menisci. Radiographs should
      be obtained in patients with isolated patellar tenderness or tenderness at the
      head of the fibula, inability to bear weight or flex the knee to 90 degrees, or
      age greater than 55 years.

PMID- 13678140
TI  - Evaluation of patients presenting with knee pain: Part II. Differential
      diagnosis.
AB  - Knee pain is a common presenting complaint with many possible causes. An
      awareness of certain patterns can help the family physician identify the
      underlying cause more efficiently. Teenage girls and young women are more likely
      to have patellar tracking problems such as patellar subluxation and
      patellofemoral pain syndrome, whereas teenage boys and young men are more likely
      to have knee extensor mechanism problems such as tibial apophysitis (Osgood
      Schlatter lesion) and patellar tendonitis. Referred pain resulting from hip joint
      pathology, such as slipped capital femoral epiphysis, also may cause knee pain.
      Active patients are more likely to have acute ligamentous sprains and overuse
      injuries such as pes anserine bursitis and medial plica syndrome. Trauma may
      result in acute ligamentous rupture or fracture, leading to acute knee joint
      swelling and hemarthrosis. Septic arthritis may develop in patients of any age,
      but crystal-induced inflammatory arthropathy is more likely in adults.
      Osteoarthritis of the knee joint is common in older adults.

PMID- 13678141
TI  - Ginkgo biloba.
AB  - Ginkgo biloba is commonly used in the treatment of early-stage Alzheimer's
      disease, vascular dementia, peripheral claudication, and tinnitus of vascular
      origin. Multiple trials investigating the efficacy of ginkgo for treating
      cerebrovascular disease and dementia have been performed, and systematic reviews
      suggest the herb can improve the symptoms of dementia. Ginkgo is generally well
      tolerated, but it can increase the risk of bleeding if used in combination with
      warfarin, antiplatelet agents, and certain other herbal medications. Clinical
      issues of safety, dosing, use in the perioperative period, and pharmacology are
      addressed in this review.

PMID- 13678143
TI  - Photo quiz. Abnormal ocular findings.

PMID- 13678144
TI  - Strep throat.

PMID- 13678145
TI  - AHA releases statement on exercise and heart failure.

PMID- 13678146
TI  - Responding to an in-flight emergency.

PMID- 13678148
TI  - Salicylhydroxamic acid functionalized affinity membranes for specific
      immobilization of proteins and oligonucleotides.
AB  - Immobilization of proteins and other biological macromolecules on solid supports
      is a method suitable for purification or screening applications in life science
      research. Prolinx, Inc. has developed a novel chemical affinity system that can
      be used for specific immobilization of proteins and other macromolecules via
      interaction of two small synthetic molecules, phenyldiboronic acid (PDBA) and
      salicylhydroxamic acid (SHA). This report describes immobilization applications
      of activated microporous membranes that have been functionalized with SHA
      derivatives. These SHA-membranes exhibit high capacity and specificity for
      binding of PDBA-labeled nucleic acids and proteins. Conjugation of active protein
      with PDBA is performed in solution independent of the immobilization step on SHA
      membranes. The resulting PDBA-protein conjugate is immobilized directly without
      purification and retains biological activity. PDBA conjugates may also be
      released from these SHA-affinity membranes in a controlled manner. Capture and
      release of PBA-modified oligonucleotides is also demonstrated. SHA-membranes can
      be used as surfaces for microarrays, and are therefore compatible with high
      throughput analyses. These properties make them useful for development of
      numerous preparative or screening applications.

PMID- 13678149
TI  - Improvement of automatic in-gel digestion by in situ alkylation of proteins.
AB  - We have recently improved the automation of an in-gel digestion system, DigestPro
      96, using in situ alkylation of proteins with acrylamide, conducted during one
      dimensional (ID) SDS-PAGE. The improved method included the processes of
      destaining, dehydration, trypsin digestion, and extraction but excluded the
      reduction and alkylation steps following staining of proteins with CBB. The
      extracted peptide mixtures were directly loaded onto a micro C18 LC column of the
      mass spectrometer. The resultant spectra were processed with "Mascot" search
      engine to estimate the sequence coverage of the bovine serum albumin (BSA). The
      original method, designed for Laemmli ID SDS gel applications, consisted of
      reduction and post-alkylation with iodoacetamide, which produced
      carboxyamidemethyl (CAM; -S-CH2CONH2) derivatives. The original method also
      included a desalting step essential for mass spectrometry, especially matrix
      assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. We
      compared the original and improved methods using BSA (3 pmol loaded to the gel,
      one third of digested peptide mixture injected into LC-MS). The original method
      yielded both CAM and propionicamide (PAM;-S-CH2CH2CONH2) derivatives. The source
      of PAM derivatives is the unpolymerized acrylamide formed during electrophoresis.
      The sequence coverage of CAM derivatives of BSA by the original method was 10%
      with desalting and 19% without desalting. The sequence coverage of PAM derivative
      by the improved method was 32%. Our results clearly show the advantage of our
      improved automated in-gel digestion method for in situ PAM alkylated protein with
      respect to peptide recovery, compared with the original method with CAM post
      alkylation.

PMID- 13678147
TI  - Rapid analysis of protein structure and dynamics by hydrogen/deuterium exchange
      mass spectrometry.
AB  - An automated approach for the rapid analysis of protein structure has been
      developed and used to study acid-induced conformational changes in human growth
      hormone. The labeling approach involves hydrogen/deuterium exchange (H/D-Ex) of
      protein backbone amide hydrogens with rapid and sensitive detection by mass
      spectrometry (MS). Briefly, the protein is incubated for defined intervals in a
      deuterated environment. After rapid quenching of the exchange reaction, the
      partially deuterated protein is enzymatically digested and the resulting peptide
      fragments are analyzed by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The
      deuterium buildup curve measured for each fragment yields an average amide
      exchange rate that reflects the environment of the peptide in the intact protein.
      Additional analyses allow mapping of the free energy of folding on localized
      segments along the protein sequence affording unique dynamic and structural
      information. While amide H/D-Ex coupled with MS is recognized as a powerful
      technique for studying protein structure and protein-ligand interactions, it has
      remained a labor-intensive task. The improvements in the amide H/D-Ex methodology
      described here include solid phase proteolysis, automated liquid handling and
      sample preparation, and integrated data reduction software that together improve
      sequence coverage and resolution, while achieving a sample throughput nearly 10
      fold higher than the commonly used manual methods.

PMID- 13678150
TI  - Enhancing results of microarray hybridizations through microagitation.
AB  - Protein and DNA microarrays have become a standard tool in proteomics/genomics
      research. In order to guarantee fast and reproducible hybridization results, the
      diffusion limit must be overcome. Surface acoustic wave (SAW) micro-agitation
      chips efficiently agitate the smallest sample volumes (down to 10 microL and
      below) without introducing any dead volume. The advantages are reduced reaction
      time, increased signal-to-noise ratio, improved homogeneity across the
      microarray, and better slide-to-slide reproducibility. The SAW micromixer chips
      are the heart of the Advalytix Array-Booster, which is compatible with all
      microarrays based on the microscope slide format.

PMID- 13678151
TI  - ABRF-PRG03: phosphorylation site determination.
AB  - A fundamental aspect of proteomics is the analysis of post-translational
      modifications, of which phosphorylation is an important class. Numerous
      nonradioactivity-based methods have been described for high-sensitivity
      phosphorylation site mapping. The ABRF Proteomics Research Group has conducted a
      study to help determine how many laboratories are equipped to take on such
      projects, which methods they choose to apply, and how successful the laboratories
      are in implementing particular methodologies. The ABRF-PRG03 sample was
      distributed as a tryptic digest of a mixture of two proteins with two synthetic
      phosphopeptides added. Each sample contained 5 pmol of unphosphorylated protein
      digest, 1 pmol of each phosphopeptide from the same protein, and 200 fmol of a
      minor protein component. Study participants were challenged to identify the two
      proteins and the two phosphorylated peptides, and determine the site of
      phosphorylation in each peptide. Almost all respondents successfully identified
      the major protein component, whereas only 10% identified the minor protein
      component. Phosphorylation site analysis proved surprisingly difficult, with only
      3 of the 54 laboratories correctly determining both sites of phosphorylation.
      Various strategies and instruments were applied to this task with mixed success;
      chromatographic separation of the peptides was clearly helpful, whereas
      enrichment by metal affinity chromatography met with surprisingly little success.
      We conclude that locating sites of phosphorylation remains a significant
      challenge at this level of sample abundance.

PMID- 13678152
TI  - Quantitative proteomics employing primary amine affinity tags.
AB  - A proteomics-based method using stable isotope labeling to assess the relative
      abundance of peptides or proteins is described. Bradykinin and carbonic anhydrase
      were labeled with sulfosuccinimidyl-2-(biotinamido) ethyl-1,3-dithiopropionate, a
      membrane impermeant reagent that is reactive with primary amines. Specificity of
      the label to primary amines was demonstrated using tandem mass spectrometry.
      Also, relative quantitation was achieved by secondary labeling with natural
      isotopic abundance and stable isotope-labeled methyl iodide. We believe this to
      be an effective stable isotope-labeling method for quantitative proteomics.

PMID- 13678154
TI  - "The splice is right": how protein splicing is opening new doors in protein
      science.

PMID- 13678153
TI  - Rapid determination of advanced glycation end products of proteins using MALDI
      TOF-MS and PERL script peptide searching algorithm.
AB  - Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which are composed of various glucose or
      carbohydrate adducts, are thought to be responsible for several diabetic and age
      related complications. However, to date, specific sites on proteins that are
      modified by AGEs remain largely unknown. We report here the use of matrix
      assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF
      MS) to determine the type and localization of several AGEs formed in vitro on
      human beta-2-microglobulin (beta2M), and in vivo on type 2 ryanodine receptor
      calcium-release channel (RyR2), and sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum (SERCA2a). A
      PERL script algorithm, developed in-house, makes searching the relatively large
      amount of data generated by the MALDI-MS more manageable. The outstanding
      sensitivity of MALDI-TOF-MS coupled with the PERL script algorithm allows such an
      approach to be a very useful tool in detecting AGEs and other post-translational
      modifications. We believe that this method could be an important tool when
      searching for post-translational modifications on proteins.

PMID- 13678155
TI  - Silicon, germanium, tin and lead analogues of acetylenes.
AB  - Recent experimental results which have described the characterization of the
      first, stable heavier group 14 element analogues of acetylenes are outlined. It
      is shown that the use of large terphenyl substituents allows the isolation of
      transition metal-heavier group 14 element complexes that can achieve essential
      triple bonding by a three-fold orbital interaction between the transition metal
      and group 14 moiety. On the other hand the alkyne analogues RMMR (R = Ge, Sn or
      Pb) display increasing distortions from linearity to trans-bent geometry due to
      the accumulation of non-bonding electron density at the group 14 element. The non
      bonding electron density comes at the expense of electron density in the bonding
      region between the group 14 elements. Accordingly the bond orders are decreased
      to values that are near double for the germanium and tin derivatives and single
      for the lead compound.

PMID- 13678156
TI  - Swift oxo transfer reactions of perchlorate and other substrates catalyzed by
      rhenium oxazoline and thiazoline complexes.
AB  - The reaction kinetics and mechanisms of catalytic oxygen atom transfer (OAT) with
      rhenium oxazoline and thiazoline complexes are described in this feature article.
      The striking features of this new family of molecular oxotransferases are their
      rapid kinetics and their surpassed ability in catalyzing the very difficult
      reduction of perchlorate by atom transfer. The diverse and competing pathways
      that make these catalysts efficient and practical have been delineated. Factors
      that govern the rates of OAT reactions have been elucidated on the basis of
      substrate variation, substituent and steric effects, subtle changes in the
      coordination environment, and geometrical transformations. This account also
      presents comparisons of our abiological OAT catalysis to mechanistically related
      enzymes and model complexes of molybdenum and tungsten.

PMID- 13678157
TI  - Concise total synthesis of the aporphine alkaloid 7,7'-bisdehydro-O
      methylisopiline by an InCl3 mediated cycloisomerization reaction.
AB  - A novel InCl3 mediated cycloisomerization reaction leading to 10-halophenanthrene
      derivatives constitutes the key step of the first total syntheses of O
      methyldehydroisopiline 10 and 7,7'-bisdehydro-O-methylisopiline 11, two prototype
      members of the aporphine family of alkaloids.

PMID- 13678158
TI  - ITQ-12: a new microporous silica polymorph potentially useful for light
      hydrocarbon separations.
AB  - The new synthetic form of microporous crystalline silica, denoted as ITQ-12,
      shows a high potential for the separation of propane and propene from its
      mixtures.

PMID- 13678159
TI  - Influence of the solvent on the crystal structure of PCBM and the efficiency of
      MDMO-PPV:PCBM 'plastic' solar cells.
AB  - Two crystal structures of PCBM, obtained from different crystallisation solvents,
      are presented; a proposed link with solvent dependence of the efficiency of MDMO
      PPV:PCBM solar cells is described.

PMID- 13678160
TI  - Development of donor-acceptor modified DNA hairpins for the investigation of
      charge hopping kinetics in DNA.
AB  - Investigation of hole or excess electron hopping in DNA is mostly performed based
      on yield studies, in which an injector modified DNA duplex is irradiated to
      continuously inject either holes or electrons into the duplex. Observed is a
      chemical reaction of a "probe" molecule, which can be either one of the two
      purine bases or a different trap molecule positioned at various distances. The
      next step in the field will be the direct time resolution of the hole or electron
      transfer kinetics in DNA. Herein we describe the development of defined donor-DNA
      acceptor systems, with properties that may allow time resolved electron and hole
      transfer studies in stably folded DNA structures.

PMID- 13678161
TI  - Water assisted formation of a pseudorotaxane and its dimer based on a
      supramolecular cryptand.
AB  - Water acts as a "molecular clip" to form a supramolecular cryptand structure that
      improves complexation of a diammonium salt by pseudorotaxane formation, and leads
      to a novel dimer in the solid state.

PMID- 13678162
TI  - Directed assembly of chiral organometallic squares that exhibit dual
      luminescence.
AB  - Chiral molecular squares based on the Pt-alkynyl linkage were synthesized via
      stepwise directed assembly, and exhibit interesting dual luminescence at room
      temperature which is potentially exploitable for chiral sensory applications.

PMID- 13678163
TI  - Simple and precision design of porous gel as a visible indicator for ionic
      species and concentration.
AB  - Here we report the design and synthesis of a novel porous gel for an ionic
      visible indicator. The rapid-responsive porous gel which reveals color changes
      depending on a potassium ion concentration was prepared using a templating
      technique.

PMID- 13678164
TI  - A building block approach to the synthesis of organic-inorganic oxide materials:
      the hydrothermal synthesis and network structure of
      [[Ni4(tpypyz)3][Mo5O15(O3PCH2CH2PO3)]2] x 23H2O (tpypyz = tetra-2
      pyridylpyrazine).
AB  - The hydrothermal reaction of MoO3, [Ni(CH3CO2)2] x 4H2O, tpypyz,
      ethylenediphosphonic acid and water yields the 2D material
      [[Ni4(tpypyz)3][Mo5O15(O3PCH2CH2PO3)]2] x 23H2O (1 x 23H2O), constructed from
      [Mo5O15(O3PCH2CH2PO3)]4- clusters linked in one-dimension through the ethylene
      tethers of the diphosphonate component; these molybdodiphosphonate chains are in
      turn linked into a 2D network through the tetranuclear secondary metal-ligand
      subunit [Ni4(tpypyz)3]8+.

PMID- 13678165
TI  - Functionalized LNA (locked nucleic acid): high-affinity hybridization of
      oligonucleotides containing N-acylated and N-alkylated 2'-amino-LNA monomers.
AB  - A molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, synthesis and very efficient hybridization
      for a series of N-acylated and N-alkylated derivatives of 2'-amino-LNA are
      reported.

PMID- 13678166
TI  - Total asymmetric synthesis of sperabillins B and D.
AB  - A concise route to the core fragment of sperabillins B and D, methyl (3R,5R,6R)
      3,6-diamino-5-hydroxyheptanoate, has been developed with a subsequent novel
      protection strategy allowing the total asymmetric synthesis of sperabillins B and
      D.

PMID- 13678167
TI  - Double diastereoselective [3,3]-sigmatropic aza-Claisen rearrangements.
AB  - Asymmetric [3,3]-sigmatropic aza-Claisen rearrangement of the (Z)-N-allyl-N,O
      silylketene aminal of (3S,4E,alphaR)-1-benzyloxy-3-(N-propionyl-N-alpha
      methylbenzylamino)hex-4-ene furnishes (2S,3R,4E,alphaR)-N-alpha-methylbenzyl-2,3
      dimethyl-7-benzyloxyhept-4-enamide in > 92% d.e.; rearrangement of the
      diastereomeric (3R,4E,alphaR)-(Z)-N,O-silylketene aminal proceeds with low
      diastereoselectivity.

PMID- 13678168
TI  - Cubic Ia3d large mesoporous silica: synthesis and replication to platinum
      nanowires, carbon nanorods and carbon nanotubes.
AB  - A new synthesis route to high-quality large mesoporous cubic Ia3d silica is
      reported, utilizing a triblock copolymer (EO20PO70EO20)-butanol mixture for the
      structure direction in aqueous solution.

PMID- 13678169
TI  - Synthesis of thermally stable mesoporous cerium oxide with nanocrystalline
      frameworks using mesoporous silica templates.
AB  - Highly ordered mesoporous cerium oxides, composed of nanocrystalline pore walls
      and exhibiting high thermal stability even at 973 K, were synthesized using
      mesoporous silica templates with hexagonal p6mm and cubic Ia3d symmetries.

PMID- 13678170
TI  - Rapid and high-capacity immobilization of enzymes based on mesoporous silicas
      with controlled morphologies.
AB  - Very rapid (< 10 min to reach equilibrium) and high-capacity (up to 533 mg g(-1))
      immobilization of enzymes within mesoporous silica has been achieved by finely
      tuning their morphologies.

PMID- 13678171
TI  - Photocatalytic water reduction under visible light on a novel ZnIn2S4 catalyst
      synthesized by hydrothermal method.
AB  - A novel ZnIn2S4 catalyst synthesized by hydrothermal method shows high and stable
      photocatalytic activity for water reduction under visible light illumination.

PMID- 13678172
TI  - Novel heteroaromatic-based multi-branched dyes with enhanced two-photon
      absorption activity.
AB  - The first examples of heterocycle-based multi-branched dyes with efficient two
      photon absorption (TPA) activity are reported; the novel chromophores exhibit
      large TPA cross sections (as high as 1600 x 10(-50) cm4 s photon(-1) molecule(
      1), measured with 150 fs laser pulses at 800 nm); a strong cooperative
      enhancement in the branched systems with respect to the one-dimensional sub-units
      is found.

PMID- 13678173
TI  - First synthesis and electrogenerated chemiluminescence of novel p-substituted
      phenyl-2-quinolinylethynes.
AB  - A series of p-substituted phenyl-2-quinolinylethynes as blue-green emitters were
      synthesized using a modified Sonogashira coupling reaction and their
      electrogenerated chemiluminescence properties are reported.

PMID- 13678174
TI  - Intra- and inter-molecular C-H...F-C and N-H...F-C hydrogen bonding in secondary
      amine adducts of B(C6F5)3: relevance to key interactions in alkene polymerisation
      catalysis.
AB  - The reactions between the cyclic sec. amines pyrrolidine and piperidine with
      B(C6F5)3 yield Lewis acid-base adducts with both intra- and inter-molecular
      hydrogen bonding interactions between C-H and N-H groups and aryl-fluorines in
      the solid state.

PMID- 13678175
TI  - Superelectrophilic heterocycles: facile S(N)Ar-S(E)Ar couplings involving very
      weak carbon nucleophiles.
AB  - Superelectrophilic halonitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazoles undergo remarkably facile
      carbon-carbon couplings with some electron-rich aromatics and heteroaromatics,
      affording quantitatively products exhibiting an intense visible absorption due to
      strong intramolecular charge transfer.

PMID- 13678176
TI  - Steam-activated FeMFI zeolites as highly efficient catalysts for propane and N2O
      valorisation via oxidative conversions.
AB  - The reaction between C3H8 and N2O over steam-activated FeMFI zeolites leads to
      high yields towards propene (24%) and propionaldehyde (6%) at 773-798 K.

PMID- 13678177
TI  - Preparation and gas separation properties of zeolite T membrane.
AB  - Zeolite T membranes were synthesized on tubular porous mullite tubes by
      hydrothermal synthesis. The membranes selectively permeated carbon dioxide from
      CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 mixtures with high separation performances, which were due to
      combined effects of molecular sieving and competitive adsorption.

PMID- 13678178
TI  - A five coordinate Pd(II) complex stable in solution and in the solid state.
AB  - The treatment of the strained complex TrpyPdOAc(F) 1 with NaBAr(F), followed by
      the addition of trimethylphosphine, yields the stable cationic 16VE- or 18VE
      complexes 3 and 4, depending on the amount of phosphane added.

PMID- 13678179
TI  - [TeSe3]2- and [TeSe2]2- as synthons.
AB  - The [Au2(TeSe2)2]2- anion has been prepared from the reaction of [TeSe3]2- with
      AuCN in DMF in the presence of PEt3 and from the reaction of [TeSe2]2- with AuCN
      in DMF. Reaction of [TeSe2]2- with AuCN in DMF in the presence of PEt3 leads
      ultimately to the [Au2(Te2)2]2- anion.

PMID- 13678180
TI  - Highly selective recognition of lead ion in water by a podand
      fluoroionophore/gamma-cyclodextrin complex sensor.
AB  - We report herein a novel podand fluoroionophore/gamma-cyclodextrin (gamma-CyD)
      complex sensor that shows markedly high selectivity for lead (Pb2+) ion in water.

PMID- 13678181
TI  - Stabilisation of eudesmane cation by tryptophan 334 during aristolochene synthase
      catalysis.
AB  - Analysis of the hydrocarbons produced during catalysis by mutants of
      aristolochene synthase from Penicillium roqueforti indicated that Trp 334 had a
      pivotal function for the efficient production of aristolochene from
      farnesylpyrophosphate most likely by stabilising the intermediate, eudesmane
      cation.

PMID- 13678182
TI  - The design and synthesis of a non-centric diamond-like network based NH4+ ion.
AB  - Two novel acentric hydrogen bonded two-dimensional sheet and three-dimensional 2
      fold interpenetrating diamond-like networks have been designed and prepared based
      on a tetrahedral ammonium node and the O,O'-bifunctional linker molecules
      dipyridine dioxide (dpdo) and trans-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene dioxide (bpedo).

PMID- 13678183
TI  - Solvent-dependent 4(4) square grid and 6(4).8(2) NbO frameworks formed by
      Cu(Pyac)2 (bis[3-(4-pyridyl)pentane-2,4-dionato]copper(II)).
AB  - The title compound crystallizes from anhydrous solvents in a simple square-grid
      topology, but when water is present, crystals form with an unusual
      interpenetrated 3D NbO topology whose pores contain hydrogen-bonded solvent
      molecules.

PMID- 13678184
TI  - Site-selective dye deposition on microstructures of fused silica fabricated using
      the LIBWE method.
AB  - Using laser-induced backside wet etching (LIBWE) technique, microstructures were
      fabricated onto the surface of fused silica plates, which were pre-coated with
      self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). Dye molecules and proteins were alternately
      deposited onto the laser-irradiated or non-irradiated areas by either chemical
      bonding or physical adsorption.

PMID- 13678185
TI  - Conformational isomerizations of symmetrically substituted styrenes. No-reaction
      photoreactions by Hula-twist.
AB  - Symmetrically substituted styrenes photochemically gave unstable conformers in
      low temperature organic glass in a manner consistent with the recently postulated
      Hula-twist mechanism of photoisomerization.

PMID- 13678186
TI  - Synthesis of a hexaalkoxybenzo[b]triphenylene mesogen.
AB  - The synthesis of the first mesogenic hexaalkoxybenzo[b]triphenylene derivative is
      reported; this compound exhibits a broad columnar liquid crystal phase at
      temperatures only slightly above room temperature.

PMID- 13678187
TI  - Host-guest recognition of calcium by crown-ether substituted phthalocyanine array
      on Au(111): relationship between crown moieties and gold lattice.
AB  - High-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy has revealed that, of the four
      crown-ether moieties of 15-crown-5-ed phthalocyanine array on Au(111) surface,
      only two crown-ether voids at diagonal positions, where the void centers and
      hollows surrounded by three gold atoms match exactly, trap two Ca2+ ions.

PMID- 13678188
TI  - A stable cis-stilbene derivative encapsulated in cucurbit[7]uril.
AB  - cis-Diaminostilbene dihydrochloride encapsulated in cucurbit[7]uril does not
      spontaneously isomerize to the trans isomer at room temperature as a result of
      the strong host-guest interactions including strong hydrogen bonds between the
      two protonated amine termini of the C-shaped guest and the portal oxygen atoms of
      the host.

PMID- 13678189
TI  - Unprecedented detection of inherent chirality in uranyl-salophen complexes.
AB  - In complexes with the uranyl dication salophen ligands are highly puckered. This
      implies that non-symmetrically substituted uranyl-salophen derivatives exist in
      principle as a pair of enantiomers. However, due to easy disrotations about the
      bonds connecting the phenoxide units to the imine carbons, the rate of
      interconversion between enantiomeric forms of simple, sterically unhindered
      compounds is extremely fast. Bulky substituents in appropriate positions decrease
      the interconversion rate and make this novel type of inherent chirality
      detectable by 1H and 13C NMR.

PMID- 13678190
TI  - Prediction of the potency of inhibitors of adenosine deaminase by QM/MM
      calculations.
AB  - QM/MM calculations show that the potency of a range of inhibitors of adenosine
      deaminase correlates with the relative stability of the reaction intermediate at
      the active site, rather than with the inhibitor binding energy.

PMID- 13678191
TI  - Macro-cellular silica foams: synthesis during the natural creaming process of an
      oil-in-water emulsion.
AB  - The room-temperature synthesis of a macro-mesoporous silica material during the
      natural creaming process of an oil-in-water emulsion is reported. The material
      has 3-dimensional interconnected macropores with a strut-like structure similar
      to meso-cellular silica foams with mesoporous walls of worm-hole structure. The
      material has very high surface area (approximately 800 m2 g(-1)) with narrow
      mesopore size distribution.

PMID- 13678192
TI  - An (E)-selective synthesis of trisubstituted (E)-alpha,beta-unsaturated acid
      derivatives.
AB  - Potassium alkoxides of N-acyloxazolidin-2-one derived syn-aldolates undergo a
      novel tandem intramolecular cyclisation elimination reaction to afford
      trisubstituted (E)-alpha,beta-unsaturated amides in high d.e., which may be
      converted into their corresponding acids or oxazolines in good yield.

PMID- 13678193
TI  - Enantio-differentiating catalytic oxidation by a biomimetic trinuclear copper
      complex containing L-histidine residues.
AB  - The trinuclear complex [Cu3PHI]6+, derived from a ligand containing two chiral L
      histidine residues, performs the catalytic oxidation of L- and D-Dopa with
      remarkable enantio-differentiation; this depends on the anchoring effect provided
      by the copper center which is not participating in the catalytic reaction and
      recognizes the chirality of the substrate.

PMID- 13678194
TI  - Luminescent heterohexanuclear complexes with platinum alkynyl and silver
      diphosphine as components.
AB  - Reactions between the building blocks [Ag2(mu-Ph2PXPPh2)2(MeCN)2]2+ and
      [Pt(C[triple bond]CC6H4R-p)4]2- (R = H, CH3) afforded strongly luminescent
      acetylide-linked neutral heterohexanuclear complexes Pt2Ag4(mu-Ph2PNPPh2)4
      (C[triple bond]CC6H4R-p)4 (R = H, 1; CH3, 2) for X = NH, but a heterotrinuclear
      complex cation [PtAg2(mu-PPh2CH2PPh2)2 (C[triple bond]CC6H5)2(CH3CN)2]2+ (3(2+))
      for X = CH2.

PMID- 13678195
TI  - A mixed-valence compound with one unpaired electron delocalized over four
      molybdenum atoms in a cyclic tetranuclear ion.
AB  - The first oxidation of a species derived from a compound having two linked,
      quadruply-bonded Mo2 units has been performed and [[cis-Mo2(DAniF)2]2(mu
      Cl)4]PF6, 2, has been isolated and characterized in many ways; it has one
      unpaired electron and a fully delocalized structure where the Mo-Mo distances
      increase from 2.1191(4) A in the reduced species to 2.1453(3) A in 2 and the Kc
      of 1.3 x 10(9) is three orders of magnitude larger than that of the Creutz-Taube
      ion.

PMID- 13678196
TI  - Highly effective ferric hydroxide supported gold catalyst for selective oxidation
      of CO in the presence of H2.
AB  - Ferric hydroxide supported Au prepared with co-precipitation without heat
      treatment could be a very effective catalyst for selective CO oxidation in the
      presence of H2 at lower temperatures.

PMID- 13678197
TI  - Bromobis(triphenylphosphine)(N-succinimide)palladium(II) as a novel catalyst for
      Stille cross-coupling reactions.
AB  - A new palladium catalyst is reported for Stille cross-coupling, namely
      [Pd(NCOC2H4CO)(PPh3)2Br].

PMID- 13678198
TI  - Magnetic field effect on photocatalytic degradation of benzene over Pt/TiO2.
AB  - The magnetic field effect on heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of benzene
      over Pt/TiO2 has been observed for the first time. The coupling effect between
      magnetic field and photo field influences the conversion of benzene and
      production of CO2 in different modes.

PMID- 13678199
TI  - Mixed 2-phenylpyridine and 5-substitued-8-hydroxyquinolines palladium(II)
      complexes: new emitters in solutions at room temperature.
AB  - The newly synthesized complexes formed by cyclopalladated 2-phenylpyridine co
      ordinated to 5-substituted-8-hydroxyquinolines, are at room temperature and in
      fluid solution, luminescent with an absolute photoluminescent quantum yield which
      depends on the nature of the substituent in position 5.

PMID- 13678200
TI  - Reactions of phosphonamidic acids and phosphonamidothioic acids with alcohols:
      mechanistic differences revealed by differing responses to steric effects.
AB  - The formation of RP(X)(OH)OR' (R = Pr(i) or Bu(t), R' = Me or Pr(i)) from
      RP(X)(OH)NHBu(t) and R'OH in CDCl3 is insensitive to steric effects when X = S
      but not when X = O (> 10(3) times slower with R = Bu(t), R' = Pr(i) than with R =
      Pr(i), R' = Me), pointing to a dissociative elimination-addition mechanism
      (metathiophosphonate intermediate) when X = S but an associative S(N)2(P)
      mechanism when X = O.

PMID- 13678201
TI  - Synthesis and properties of a novel bridged nucleic acid with a P3' --> N5'
      phosphoramidate linkage, 5'-amino-2',4'-BNA.
AB  - 5'-Amino-2',4'-BNA, a novel analogue of BNA series compounds, was successfully
      synthesized, and its incorporated oligonucleotides showed potent duplex- and
      triplex-forming ability and resistance against snake venom phosphodiesterase.

PMID- 13678202
TI  - Titanium N-heterocyclic carbene complexes incorporating an imidazolium-linked
      bis(phenol).
AB  - The synthesis and characterization of titanium complexes of the aryloxido
      functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene ligand (L) is reported, in which the
      tridentate L ligand meridionally coordinates to the metal center.

PMID- 13678203
TI  - Synthesis, characteristics and luminescence properties of
      oligo(phenylenevinylene) dimers with a biphenyl linkage center.
AB  - Building a new structual oligo(phenylenevinylene) by linking trimeric
      phenylenvinylene (TPV) through the phenylphenyl bond of a central phenylene ring
      was reported. The resultant TPV dimers exhibit weak intermolecular interactions
      and intense blue photoluminescence in the solid state as well as high phase
      transition temperatures up to 250 degrees C. Organic light-emitting devices
      (OLEDs) based on these materials display blue emission with low turn-on voltage
      (about 3 V), maximum luminance approaching 2000 cd m(-2) and efficiency up to 1.6
      cd A(-1).

PMID- 13678204
TI  - [V(eta5-C5H5)]2C8H6: a bimetallic pentalene-bridged complex with multiple bonding
      between the metal atoms.
AB  - The bimetallic complex [V(Cp)]2Pn, containing a V-V triple bond, has been
      synthesised; the vanadium centres adopt a syn-coordination and the complex
      exhibits a high-spin/low-spin equilibrium in both solution and the solid-state.

PMID- 13678205
TI  - New monodentate chiral phosphite ligands for asymmetric hydrogenation.
AB  - We report the synthesis of new chiral monodentate phosphite ligands with a
      biphenyl backbone, the axial chirality of which is introduced early in the
      synthesis and locked by a chiral alkylenedioxy bridge. We also describe results
      obtained with these ligands in rhodium-catalysed asymmetric hydrogenation of
      various substrates.

PMID- 13678206
TI  - Transformation of a 4-membered ring zinc phosphate SBU to a sodalite-related 3
      dimensional structure through a linear chain structure.
AB  - A zero-dimensional zinc phosphate, comprising a 4-membered ring, is shown to
      spontaneously transform at room temperature, to a linear chain structure
      consisting of corner-shared 4-membered rings, the latter transforming to a 3
      dimensional sodalite-related structure under mild conditions.

PMID- 13678207
TI  - A highly selective photooxidation approach using O2 in water catalyzed by
      iron(II) bipyridine complex supported on NaY zeolite.
AB  - A new photocatalytic system involving iron(II) bipyridine supported on NaY
      zeolite (FeBY) shows excellent reactivity and selectivity in the oxidation of
      organic compounds. This approach allows highly controlled oxidation reaction to
      occur but avoids undesirable mineralization into CO2 and H2O.

PMID- 13678208
TI  - Formation of assembled silver nanowires by reduction of silver thiolate in
      polyol/toluene medium.
AB  - Reduction of silver nitrate in polyol/toluene biphasic medium containing
      dodecanethiol led to organised silver nanowires, results of an interaction
      between silver nanoparticles and the layered phase AgSC12H25.

PMID- 13678209
TI  - Diastereoselective photocycloaddition of axially chiral monothiosuccinimides to
      1,1-diphenylethylene.
AB  - Photolysis of axially chiral monothiosuccinimides in the presence of
      diphenylethylene gave spirothietanes effectively, where the cycloaddition took
      place diastereoselectively by way of the steric effect of the ortho-substituent
      on the phenyl ring.

PMID- 13678210
TI  - Asymmetric conjugate addition reactions of allyl- and crotylstannanes.
AB  - The conjugate addition reactions of allylic stannanes have been investigated
      utilizing nonracemic N-enoyl-4-phenyl-1,3-oxazolidinones with Lewis acid
      precomplexation.

PMID- 13678211
TI  - Palladium catalysed aryl enol ether synthesis from vinyl triflates.
AB  - Vinyl triflates can be efficiently converted into the corresponding aryl enol
      ethers by treatment with a phenol, NaO(t)Bu and a catalyst generated from Pd2dba3
      and 2-(di-(t)Bu-phosphino)biphenyl.

PMID- 13678213
TI  - First example of an infinite polybromide 2D-network.
AB  - The reaction of the neutral dithiolene [Pd(Et2timdt)2] (Et2timdt = formally
      monoreduced diethylimidazolidine-2,4,5-trithione) with an excess of Br2 yielded
      few crystals of [1(Et) x 2Br](2+)(Br-)2(Br2)3 as a by-product (1(Et) = 4,5,9,10
      tetrathiocino-[1,2-b:5,6-b']-1,3,6,8-tetraethyl-diimidazolyl-2,7-dithione); X-ray
      diffraction analysis showed that this compound represents the first example of a
      polybromide 2D-network templated by [1(Et) x 2Br](+2) dications, and featuring
      all the Br-Br distances shorter than those found in solid state bromine.

PMID- 13678212
TI  - Self-assembled multivalent vancomycin on cell surfaces against vancomycin
      resistant enterococci (VRE).
AB  - A vancomycin (Van) derivative self-assembles in a phosphate buffer as a divalent
      Van and on cell surfaces as a multivalent Van, which offers potent activity
      against VRE.

PMID- 13678214
TI  - Ring-opening polymerization of gold macrocycles and self-assembly of a
      coordination polymer through hydrogen-bonding.
AB  - The equilibrium between digold and tetragold rings and a ring-opened oligomer and
      polymer is established by NMR and ESI-MS studies in solution and by structure
      determinations in the solid state; the polymer containing amide-derivatized
      ligands undergoes self-assembly through hydrogen bonding to give an ordered
      network.

PMID- 13678215
TI  - A new organic superconductor, beta-(BDA-TTP)2GaCl4 [BDA-TTP = 2,5-(1,3-dithian-2
      ylidene)-1,3,4,6-tetrathiapentalene].
AB  - The preparation, crystal structure and physical properties of beta-(BDA
      TTP)2GaCl4 has been investigated; the salt exhibits superconductivity at 3.1 K
      (onset) under a hydrostatic pressure of 7.6 kbar.

PMID- 13678216
TI  - Combinatorial synthesis of SAPO-34 via vapor-phase transport.
AB  - By applying a combinatorial method, SAPO-34 was successfully synthesized via
      vapor-phase transport technique, and the synthesis factors were systematically
      examined.

PMID- 13678217
TI  - Charge-transfer complexes interactions evidenced by chemical force microscopy.
AB  - Charge-transfer complexes have been detected by chemical force microscopy (CFM)
      between a tip and a substrate respectively functionalized with trinitrofluorenone
      and 9-anthracenemethanol siloxane derivatives.

PMID- 13678218
TI  - Spontaneous chiral resolution of a coordination polymer with distorted helical
      structure consisting of achiral building blocks.
AB  - Reaction of achiral 2,5-diphenyl-3,4-di(3-pyridyl)cyclopenta-2,4-dien-1-one (2)
      with ZnCl2 and HgBr2, respectively, afforded the helically chiral coordination
      polymers [(2)ZnCl2]infinity and [(2)HgBr2]infinity, which show spontaneous chiral
      resolution, forming colonies of homochiral crystals.

PMID- 13678219
TI  - Anion receptor functions of lanthanide tris(beta-diketonate) complexes: naked eye
      detection and ion-selective electrode determination of Cl- anion.
AB  - Lanthanide tris(fluorinated beta-diketonates) acted as effective receptors of Cl-
      anion in luminescence sensing and ion-selective electrode systems via highly
      coordinated complexation.

PMID- 13678220
TI  - Highly stereoselective, thermodynamically controlled and reversible formation of
      a new P-chiral phosphine.
AB  - The highly stereoselective formation of a chiral alpha-hydroxyphospholane under
      very mild condition is reported, taking place on a camphor skeleton by an
      intramolecular thermodynamically controlled and reversible addition of an
      epimeric secondary phosphine group to a carbonyl group.

PMID- 13678221
TI  - Facile aminoacylation of pdCpA dinucleotide with a nonnatural amino acid in
      cationic micelle.
AB  - A simple and versatile method for aminoacylation of a dinucleotide (pdCpA) in
      aqueous micellar solution was developed by using a hydrophobic amino acid
      derivative, N-pentenoyl-L-2-naphthylalanine cyanomethyl ester (Pen-napAla-OCM),
      and a CTACl micelle.

PMID- 13678222
TI  - Solid-phase synthesis of photoaffinity probes: highly efficient incorporation of
      biotin-tag and cross-linking groups.
AB  - A benzophenone cross-linking group and a biotin-tag hybrid, resin 1a, attached to
      our novel resin 2 was readily converted to the photoaffnity probe 20 by
      condensation with the ligand carboxylic acid 19 and cleavage from the resin
      without purification.

PMID- 13678223
TI  - Perturbing the Hofmeister series: a steroid-based anion receptor with
      preorganised quaternary ammonium and H-bond donor groups.
AB  - Preorganised urea groups moderate the anion-exchange properties of cationic
      receptor 2, favouring halide extraction and promoting anion transport through a
      bulk liquid membrane.

PMID- 13678224
TI  - Fluorinated calixpyrroles: anion-binding extractants that reduce the Hofmeister
      bias.
AB  - Beta-octafluoro-meso-octamethylcalix[4]pyrrole (1) and beta-decafluoro-meso
      decamethylcalix[5]pyrrole (2) were found to extract caesium salts of smaller
      anions (bromide and chloride for 1 and nitrate for 2) as effectively as that of
      iodide into nitrobenzene (NB) thereby overcoming the Hofmeister bias normally
      observed for processes of this type.

PMID- 13678225
TI  - A rotaxane synthesis based on stilbene photoisomerization. A photoswitchable
      catch and release process.
AB  - A [2]rotaxane, having (Z)-alpha-methylstilbene as a stopper, is (1) synthesized
      in good yield by using a (E)- to (Z)-stilbene photoisomerization process, and (2)
      dissociated by reverse photoisomerization from (Z)- to (E)-stilbene.

PMID- 13678226
TI  - Highlights from the 38th ESF/EUCHEM Conference on Stereochemistry, Burgenstock,
      Switzerland, April/May 2003.

PMID- 13678227
TI  - Antihirsutism activity of Fennel (fruits of Foeniculum vulgare) extract. A double
      blind placebo controlled study.
AB  - Idiopathic hirsutism is defined as the occurrence of excessive male pattern hair
      growth in women who have a normal ovulatory menstrual cycle and normal levels of
      serum androgens. It may be a disorder of peripheral androgen metabolism. In this
      study we evaluated the clinical response of idiopathic hirsutism to topical
      Fennel extract. Fennel, Foeniculum vulgare, is a plant, which has been used as an
      estrogenic agent. The ethanolic extract of Fennel was obtained by using a
      soxhlete apparatus. In a double blind study, 38 patients were treated with creams
      containing 1%, 2% of Fennel extract and placebo. Hair diameter was measured and
      rate of growth was considered. The efficacy of treatment with the cream
      containing 2% Fennel is better than the cream containing 1% Fennel and these two
      were more potent than placebo. The mean values of hair diameter reduction was
      7.8%, 18.3% and -0.5% for patients receiving the creams containing 1%, 2% and 0%
      (placebo) respectively.

PMID- 13678228
TI  - Comparative efficacy of Keishi-bukuryo-gan and pentoxifylline on RBC
      deformability in patients with "oketsu" syndrome.
AB  - Keishi-bukuryo-gan (Gui-Zhi-Fu-Ling-Wan) (KBG) is one of the prescriptions in
      Japanese traditional medicine for improving the "oketsu" syndrome, so-called
      blood stasis syndrome. "Oketsu" syndrome is an important pathological conception
      in Japanese traditional medicine and often accompanies cerebro-vascular
      disorders. Previously, we were able to reveal a deterioration of RBC (Red blood
      cell) deformability and viscoelasticity in patients with "oketsu" syndrome. The
      purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether KBG has an effect on RBC
      deformability in comparison with pentoxifylline (PXF). The subjects were 30 male
      patients with multiple lacunar infarctions. Eighteen patients (44-79 yrs, mean +/
      SD, 66.1 +/- 10.7 yrs) were treated with 12 g of KBG daily for 4 weeks (KBG
      group). Twelve patients (59-78 yrs, 70.7 +/- 6.4 yrs) were treated with 300 mg of
      PXF daily for 4 weeks (PXF group). Based on the "oketsu" score, the patients of
      each group were divided into two subgroups, a non-"oketsu" group ("oketsu" score
      20 points or less) and an "oketsu" group ("oketsu" score 21 points or higher).
      KBG had significant effects on RBC deformability as evaluated by filtration
      method. KBG also significantly increased intracellular ATP content, as did PXF.
      Moreover, KBG was more effective for patients with a more severe "oketsu" state.
      However, PXF was effective only in patients with "oketsu" syndrome, who might
      have deteriorated RBC deformability. In conclusion, the effect of KBG on RBC
      deformability was by no means inferior to PXF.

PMID- 13678229
TI  - Ninjin-yoei-to (Ren-Shen-Yang-Rong-Tang) and Polygalae radix improves scopolamine
      induced impairment of passive avoidance response in mice.
AB  - We investigated the effect of Ninjin-yoei-to (Ren-Shen-Yang-Rong-Tang), a
      Japanese herbal medicine, and found that 1000 mg/kg p.o. improved the scopolamine
      induced impairment of passive avoidance response in mice. Further, the same dose
      of Ninjin-yoei-to enhanced oxotremorine-induced tremors in mice. The water
      extract of Polygalae radix, one of the constituent herbs of Ninjin-yoei-to, at a
      dose of 100 mg/kg significantly improved the scopolamine-induced impairment of
      passive avoidance response and enhanced oxotremorine-induced tremors in mice.
      Moreover, the enhancement of oxotremorine-induced tremors by Ninjin-yoei-to (1000
      mg/kg) and Polygalae radix (100 mg/kg) was completely antagonized by pretreatment
      of scopolamine hydrobromide (0.5 mg/kg). These results suggest that Ninjin-yoei
      to may improve the scopolamine-induced impairment of passive avoidance response
      by enhancing the cholinergic system and that Polygalae radix may be involved in
      the action of Ninjin-yoei-to.

PMID- 13678230
TI  - Antiatherogenic effect of Caps HT2, a herbal Ayurvedic medicine formulation.
AB  - The antiatherogenic effect of a herbal formulation, Caps HT2, was evaluated as
      antioxidant, anticoagulant, platelet antiaggregatory, lipoprotein lipase
      releasing, anti-inflammatory and hypolipidaemic activity in rats. The formulation
      contained the methanolic extracts of selected parts of plants, Commiphora mukul,
      Allium sativum, Plumbago indica, Semecarpus anacardium, Hemidesmus indicus,
      Terminalia arjuna, Tinospora cordifolia, Withania somnifera and Ocimum sanctum.
      The formulation, Caps HT2 was found to scavenge superoxide and hydroxyl radicals;
      the IC50 required being 55.0 and 610.0 microg/ml respectively. The lipid
      peroxidation was found inhibited (50%) by 48.5 microg/ml of Caps HT2. The
      intravenous administration of the formulation (5 mg/kg) delayed the plasma
      recalcification time in rabbits and enhanced the release of lipoprotein lipase
      enzyme significantly (p < 0.001). The formulation also inhibited ADP induced
      platelet aggregation in vitro, which was comparable to commercial heparin. The
      anti-inflammatory action of the formulation was significant (p < 0.001) with
      acute and chronic inflammations induced by carrageenan and formalin respectively
      in rats. The hypolipidaemic effect of Caps HT2 was significant (p < 0.001) with
      the administration of the formulation, in diet-induced hyperlipidaemia of rats
      for a period of 30 days. Oral administration of the formulation, Caps HT2 (100,
      200, 300 and 400 mg/kg) significantly raised HDL cholesterol levels. The
      atherogenic index and the reduction in body weight were significant indicating
      the effectiveness against hyperlipidaemia and obesity. All these results revealed
      the therapeutic potential of Caps HT2 against vascular intimal damage and
      atherogenesis leading to various types of cardiovascular problems.

PMID- 13678231
TI  - Effect of naturally occurring triterpenoids glycyrrhizic acid, ursolic acid,
      oleanolic acid and nomilin on the immune system.
AB  - The effect of naturally occurring triterpenoid compounds such as glycyrrhizic
      acid, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, and nomilin on the immune system was studied
      using Balb/c mice. Intraperitoneal treatments with 5 doses of these terpenoid
      compounds were found to enhance the total white blood cells (WBC) count. In
      ursolic acid, oleanolic acid and nomilin treated animals the maximum total WBC
      count was observed on the 6th day, while in glycyrrhizic acid treated animals it
      was observed only on the 9th day after the drug treatment. In ursolic acid,
      oleanolic acid and nomilin treated animals the percentage of increase in the
      total WBC count was to 91.48 +/- 4.6%, 135.75 +/- 6.4% and 117.33 +/- 17.9%
      respectively. In the glycyrrhizic acid treated animals the total WBC count was
      increased to 114.9 +/- 18%. Bone marrow cellularity and alpha-esterase positive
      cells were also enhanced by the treatment with these terpenoids. Treatment with
      various triterpenoids along with antigen produced an enhancement in the specific
      antibody titre and the number of plaque forming cells (PFC) in the spleen.
      Triterpenoids remarkably inhibited delayed type hypersensitivity reaction (DTH).
      These results indicate the immunomodulatory activity of naturally occurring
      triterpenoids such as glycyrrhizic acid, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid and
      nomilin.

PMID- 13678232
TI  - Trypanocidal activity of Lychnophora staavioides Mart. (Vernonieae, Asteraceae).
AB  - In the continuing search for new compounds with trypanocidal activity for use in
      blood banks to prevent the transmission of Chagas' disease, a trypanocidal
      extract of Lychnophora staavioides Mart. (Vernonieae, Asteraceae) was
      fractionated using several chromatographic techniques and afforded the following
      flavonoids: tectochrysin, pinostrobin, pinobanksin, pinobanksin 3-acetate,
      pinocembrin, chrysin, galangin 3-methyl ether, quercetin 3-methyl ether,
      chrysoeriol and vicenin-2. The most active compound was quercetin 3-methyl ether,
      which showed no blood lysis activity and which represents a promising compound
      for use against T. cruzi in blood banks.

PMID- 13678233
TI  - Enhancement of neutral endopeptidase activity in SK-N-SH cells by green tea
      extract.
AB  - Green tea extract (EFLA85942) is able to induce specifically the neutral
      endopeptidase (NEP) activity and to inhibit the proliferation of SK-N-SH cells;
      the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity is not influenced under the same
      conditions. The treatment of the cells with arabinosylcytosine and green tea
      extract results in a strong enhancement of cellular NEP activity whereas cellular
      ACE activity was not changed significantly, indicating a green tea extract
      specific regulation of NEP expression. Because of its role in the degradation of
      amyloid beta peptides this enzyme induction of NEP by long term treatment with
      green tea extract may have a beneficial effect regarding the prevention of
      forming amyloid plaques.

PMID- 13678234
TI  - Cytotoxic activity of some lichen extracts on murine and human cancer cell lines.
AB  - Eight lichens were extracted successively with n-hexane, diethyl ether and
      methanol using a Soxhlet process. The cytotoxic activity of the 24 lichen
      extracts was evaluated in vitro using two murine (the L1210: lymphocytic
      leukaemia, and the 3LL: Lewis lung carcinoma) and four human (the K-562: chronic
      myelogenous leukaemia, the U251: glioblastoma, the DU145: prostate carcinoma, and
      the MCF7: breast adenocarcinoma) cancer cell lines and non-cancerous cells, the
      Vero cell line (African green monkey kidney cell line). The MTT assay revealed
      significant cytotoxicity (IC50 < or = 20 microg/ml) on one of the tested cancer
      cell lines for at least one extract of each lichen species. Some extracts of
      Cladonia convoluta, Cladonia rangiformis, Parmelia caperata, Platismatia glauca
      and Ramalina cuspidata demonstrated interesting activities particularly on human
      cancer cell lines as good selectivity indices were recorded (SI > 3).

PMID- 13678235
TI  - Virucidal effect of peppermint oil on the enveloped viruses herpes simplex virus
      type 1 and type 2 in vitro.
AB  - The virucidal effect of peppermint oil, the essential oil of Mentha piperita,
      against herpes simplex virus was examined. The inhibitory activity against herpes
      simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) was tested
      in vitro on RC-37 cells using a plaque reduction assay. The 50% inhibitory
      concentration (IC50) of peppermint oil for herpes simplex virus plaque formation
      was determined at 0.002% and 0.0008% for HSV-1 and HSV-2, respectively.
      Peppermint oil exhibited high levels of virucidal activity against HSV-1 and HSV
      2 in viral suspension tests. At noncytotoxic concentrations of the oil, plaque
      formation was significantly reduced by 82% and 92% for HSV-1 and HSV-2,
      respectively. Higher concentrations of peppermint oil reduced viral titers of
      both herpesviruses by more than 90%. A clearly time-dependent activity could be
      demonstrated, after 3 h of incubation of herpes simplex virus with peppermint oil
      an antiviral activity of about 99% could be demonstrated. In order to determine
      the mode of antiviral action of the essential oil, peppermint oil was added at
      different times to the cells or viruses during infection. Both herpesviruses were
      significantly inhibited when herpes simplex virus was pretreated with the
      essential oil prior to adsorption. These results indicate that peppermint oil
      affected the virus before adsorption, but not after penetration into the host
      cell. Thus this essential oil is capable to exert a direct virucidal effect on
      HSV. Peppermint oil is also active against an acyclovir resistant strain of HSV-1
      (HSV-1-ACV(res)), plaque formation was significantly reduced by 99%. Considering
      the lipophilic nature of the oil which enables it to penetrate the skin,
      peppermint oil might be suitable for topical therapeutic use as virucidal agent
      in recurrent herpes infection.

PMID- 13678236
TI  - Antimicrobial activity of some Hypericum species.
AB  - The crude methanolic extracts of six species of Hypericum [H. caprifoliatum Cham.
      & Schlecht., H. carinatum Griseb., H. connatum Lam., H. ternum A. St. Hil., H.
      myrianthum Cham. & Schlecht. and H. polyanthemum Klotzsch ex Reichardt] growing
      in southern Brazil were analyzed for antimicrobial activity against several
      microorganisms (bacteria and fungi). The most active plant was H. caprifoliatum,
      which showed activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Only H. polyanthemum and H.
      ternum extracts were active against Bacillus subtilis. None of the crude
      methanolic extracts showed activity against S. epidermidis, Escherichia coli or
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Extracts from these species were evaluated chemically
      and tannin, flavonoid and phenolic acids were the prominent compounds. The plants
      contained quercitrin, hyperoside (except H. connatum) and, less frequently,
      isoquercitrin and chlorogenic acid. In contrast to H. perforatum, which has high
      concentrations of rutin, these species do not produce this flavonoid or it
      appears as traces. The tannin concentration varied between 5.1 and 16.7% in H.
      myrianthum and H. ternum, respectively.

PMID- 13678237
TI  - Hydroxyl radical and hypochlorous acid scavenging activity of small centaury
      (Centaurium erythraea) infusion. A comparative study with green tea (Camellia
      sinensis).
AB  - Small centaury (Centaurium erythraea Rafin.) is a herbal species with a long use
      in traditional medicine due to its digestive, stomachic, tonic, depurative,
      sedative and antipyretic properties. This species is reported to contain
      considerable amounts of polyphenolic compounds, namely xanthones and phenolic
      acids as the main constituents. Although the antiradicalar activity of some pure
      polyphenolic compounds is already known, it remains unclear how a complex mixture
      obtained from plant extracts functions against reactive oxygen species. Thus, the
      ability of small centaury infusion to act as a scavenger of the reactive oxygen
      species hydroxyl radical and hypochlorous acid was studied and compared with that
      of green tea (Camellia sinensis L.). Hydroxyl radical was generated in the
      presence of Fe3+-EDTA, ascorbate and H2O2 (Fenton system) and monitored by
      evaluating hydroxyl radical-induced deoxyribose degradation. The reactivity
      towards hypochlorous acid was determined by measuring the inhibition of
      hypochlorous acid-induced 5-thio-2-nitrobenzoic acid oxidation to 5,5'
      dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid). The obtained results demonstrate that small
      centaury infusion exhibits interesting antioxidant properties, expressed both by
      its capacity to effectively scavenge hydroxyl radical and hypochlorous acid,
      although with a lower activity against the second than that observed for green
      tea. Green tea exhibited a dual effect at the hydroxyl radical scavenging assay,
      stimulating deoxyribose degradation at lower dosages.

PMID- 13678238
TI  - In vitro evaluation of Bacopa monniera on anti-Helicobacter pylori activity and
      accumulation of prostaglandins.
AB  - Bacopa monniera is an Indian tratidional medicine widely used to improve
      intellectual functions. Earlier, we had reported the prophylactic and curative
      effects of standardized extract of Bacopa monniera (BME) in various gastric ulcer
      models. The effect was due to augmentation of the defensive mucosal factors like
      increase in mucin secretion, life span of mucosal cells and gastric antioxidant
      effect rather than on the offensive acid-pepsin secretion. The present study
      includes evaluation of standardized BME (bacoside A content--35.5 +/- 0.9) on
      other contributing factors towards ulcerogenesis. BME in the dose of 1000
      microg/ml showed anti-Helicobacter pylori activity in vitrol and in the dose of
      10 microg/ml increased in vitro of prostanoids (PGE and PGI2) in human colonic
      mucosal incubates. It may be concluded that these factors may contribute to
      antiulcerogenic activity of BME.

PMID- 13678239
TI  - Antimycobacterial evaluation of Peruvian plants.
AB  - We present the results of an antimycobacterial screening of 270 Peruvian plant
      samples representing 216 species from 171 genera in 63 families. Dichloromethane
      extracts were tested at a concentration of 50 microg/ml for inhibition of
      Mycobacterium tuberculosis in radiometric culture. Slightly more than half of the
      samples tested showed inhibition of M. tuberculosis at this concentration.

PMID- 13678240
TI  - Inhibitory activity of xanthine oxidase and superoxide-scavenging activity in
      some taxa of the lichen family Graphidaceae.
AB  - Results on the screening of species of the lichen family Graphidaceae for
      superoxide-scavenging activity (SSA) and xanthine-oxidase inhibitory (IXO)
      activity have been presented. The potential of the extracts for scavenging of
      superoxide and inhibition of xanthine-oxidase under various physiological
      conditions has been evaluated. The methanolic extracts of the species of family
      Graphidaceae showed inhibitory properties of xanthine oxidase (IC50 = 2.0 to 5.26
      microg/ml) with an additional superoxide scavenging capacity (IC50 = 3.63 to
      13.88 microg/ml). The potential of the methanolic extracts for scavenging of
      superoxide and inhibition of xanthine oxidase remained stable at 4 degrees C.
      Thus the extracts can be maintained for longer periods for their therapeutic
      uses.

PMID- 13678241
TI  - Study on the inhibitory effects of Korean medicinal plants and their main
      compounds on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical.
AB  - A 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-generating system was used to
      evaluate the antioxidant properties of Korean medicinal plants that have been
      used widely as folk medicines for several disorders, as well as compounds
      isolated from them. Among the Rosaceae, Rosa rugosa and Rosa davurica showed
      strong DPPH radical-scavenging activity. The most effective medicinal plant from
      families other than Rosaceae was Cedrela sinensis, followed in order by Nelumbo
      nucifera, Eucommia ulmoides, Zanthoxylum piperitum, Cudrania tricuspidata and
      Houttuynia cordata. These results serve as a good index of the free radical
      scavenging activities of Korean medicinal plants. Furthermore, the polyphenols
      isolated from these plants, procyanidin B-3, (+)-catechin, gallic acid, methyl
      gallate, quercetin, quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-beta
      galactoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinose and kaempferol, exerted strong DPPH radical
      scavenging activity. These results suggest that the Korean medicinal plants and
      the polyphenols isolated from them that exhibited effective radical-scavenging
      activity may be promising agents for scavenging free radicals and treating
      diseases associated with excess free radicals.

PMID- 13678242
TI  - Anti-inflammatory and antiulcerogenic effects of the aqueous extract of Lobaria
      pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm.
AB  - An aqeuous extract of Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm., from which a tea is
      prepared and consumed as treatment for various diseases in northeastern Turkey,
      was tested for its anti-inflammatory and antiulcerogenic effects in rats. The
      carrageenan-induced paw edema, cotton pellet granuloma and indomethacin-induced
      gastric damage models were used to determine these effects. The extract exhibited
      moderate anti-inflammatory and strong antiulcerogenic activities.

PMID- 13678243
TI  - Wound healing studies of Aristolochia bracteolata Lam. with supportive action of
      antioxidant enzymes.
AB  - Aristolochia bracteolata is a perennial herb, the leaves of which are used by the
      native tribals and villagers of the Chittoor District of Andhra Pradesh in India
      for the rapid healing of cuts and wounds. The ethanol extract of the shade-dried
      leaves of Aristolochia bracteolata Lam. was studied for its effect on wound
      healing in rats, using incision, excision and dead-space wound models, at two
      different dose levels of 400 and 800 mg/kg/body wt./day. The plant showed a
      definite, positive effect on wound healing, with a significant increase of the
      level of two powerful antioxidant enzymes, super oxide dismutase and catalase, in
      the granuloma tissue.

PMID- 13678244
TI  - Nantenine alkaloid presents anticonvulsant effect on two classical animal models.
AB  - The present study investigated the anticonvulsant and convulsant profiles of
      nantenine, an aporphine alkaloid found in several vegetal species. At lower doses
      (20-50 mg/kg, i.p.) the alkaloid proved to be effective in inhibiting
      pentylenotetrazol- (PTZ 100 mg/kg, s.c.) and maximal electroshock-induced
      seizures (80 mA, 50 pulses/s, 0.2 s), suggesting its potential as an
      anticonvulsant drug. However, at higher doses (> or = 75 mg/kg, i.p.) a
      convulsant activity was observed. Comparing the present in vivo nantenine effects
      on seizures with previous in vitro biphasic action on Na+, K+-ATPase activity,
      the convulsant effect appears to be related to inhibition of these phosphatase at
      high doses whereas anticonvulsant effect, observed at low doses, seems
      attributable to its stimulation and the resultant decrease of Ca2+-influx into
      the cell.

PMID- 13678245
TI  - Pharmacological and toxicological activity of Heterophyllaea pustulata
      anthraquinone extracts.
AB  - Benzenic extracts from both stems and leaves of Heterophyllaea pustulata showed
      the most significant activity in vivo in the Brine Shrimp Lethally Test (BST),
      relative to others of different polarity. They were therefore selected for in
      vitro antimicrobial activity studies. Bacteriostatic activity against Micrococcus
      luteus ATCC 9341 was detected, selectively inhibiting both oxacillin-sensitive
      and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus, among several gram-positive and gram
      negative bacterial species tested. Antifungal activity against important
      opportunist microorganisms and against those involved in superficial mycosis, all
      from nosocomial origin was also detected. A chemical screening revealed the
      presence of anthraquinones as major compounds. Among them, we identified
      damnacanthal, rubiadin, 2-hydroxy-3-methyl anthraquinone, soranjidiol, rubiadin-1
      methyl ether, and damnacanthol in the benzenic stem extract. The benzenic leaf
      extract shows a similar chemical composition, except for damnacanthal,
      damnacanthol, soranjidiol-1-methyl ether, and 3 anthraquinones whose structures
      have not yet been elucidated. Acute toxicity studies revealed a low toxicity in
      mice for the anthraquinonic extracts, as measured in the LD50 value (123 mg/kg
      body wt. i.v.), and death was not observed at doses of up to 4000 mg/kg body wt.
      s.c.

PMID- 13678246
TI  - Inhibitory effect of dibenzoylmethane on mutagenicity of food-derived
      heterocyclic amine mutagens.
AB  - Dibenzoylmethane (DBM), a structural analogue of curcumin (a bioactive
      phytochemical present in a widely used spice turmeric) was screened for its
      inhibitory effect against seven cooked food mutagens (heterocyclic amines): 2
      amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ), 2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5
      f]quinoline (MeIQ), 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx), 3
      amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1), 3-amino-1-methyl-5H
      pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-2), 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine
      (PhIP) and 2-amino-6-methyldipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole (Glu-P-1), in both
      TA98 and TA100 strains of Salmonella typhimurium using Ames Salmonella/reversion
      assay in the presence of Aroclor1254-induced rat liver S9 homogenate. DBM has
      been reported to antagonize the mutagenicity of several chemical carcinogens in
      vitro and has recently been shown to be even more effective than curcumin in
      suppressing the 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumors in
      rats. But there are no reports regarding its antimutagenic properties against
      cooked food mutagens. Results of the present investigations clearly indicate that
      dibenzoylmethane is a very potent antimutagenic agent, that could effectively
      inhibit mutagenicity induced by all the tested cooked food mutagens in both the
      frame shift (TA98) as well as the base pair mutation sensitive (TA100) strains of
      S. typhimurium. These highly potent inhibitory effects of dibenzoylmethane
      against heterocyclic amines observed in our preliminary investigations strongly
      warrant further studies of its efficacy as a cancer chemopreventive agent.

PMID- 13678247
TI  - Antitussive activity of the fruit extract of Emblica officinalis Gaertn.
      (Euphorbiaceae).
AB  - The antitussive activity of Emblica officinalis Gaertn. (E. officinalis, Fam.
      Euphorbiaceae) was tested in conscious cats by mechanical stimulation of the
      laryngopharyngeal and tracheobronchial mucous areas of airways. The results
      showed that at a dose of 50 mg/kg body wt. perorally, the cough suppressive
      effect of E. officinalis is not unambiguous. A higher dose (200 mg/kg body wt.)
      of this substance perorally was more effective, especially in decreasing the
      number of cough efforts (NE), frequency of cough (NE/min(-1)) and the intensity
      of cough attacks in inspirium (IA+) and expirium (IA-) was more pronounced. These
      results showed that the cough suppressive activity of E. officinalis is dose
      dependent. We could also demonstrate that the antitussive activity of E.
      officinalis is less effective than shown by the classical narcotic antitussive
      drug codeine, but more effective than the non-narcotic antitussive agent
      dropropizine. It is supposed that the antitussive activity of the dry extract of
      Emblica officinalis is due not only to antiphlogistic, antispasmolytic and
      antioxidant efficacy effects, but also to its effect on mucus secretion in the
      airways.

PMID- 13678248
TI  - Effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack on sexual qualities in middle aged male rats.
AB  - The effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack were studied on the sexual qualities of
      middle aged male rats after dosing them with 0.5 g/kg of various fractions of E.
      longifolia whilst the control group received 3 ml/kg of normal saline daily for
      12 weeks. Results showed than E. longifolia Jack enhanced the sexual qualities of
      the middle aged male rats by decreasing their hesitation time as compared to
      controls with various fractions of E. longifolia Jack produced 865-916 (91-96),
      860-914 (92-98), 850-904 (93-99), 854-890 (95-99), 844-880 (94-98), 840-875 (94
      98), 830-870 (94-98), 825-860 (94-98), 820-850 (96-99), 800-840 (93-98), 750-795
      (94-99) and 650-754 sec (82-95%) in contrast to controls which produced 950
      (100), 934 (100), 910 (100), 900 (100), 895 (100), 890 (100), 885 (100), 880
      (100), 855 (100), 860 (100), 800 (100) and 790 sec (100%) throughout the
      investigation period. Besides these, there was a transient increase in the % of
      the male rats responding to the right choice after chronic administration of 0.5
      g/kg E. longifolia Jack, with more than 50% of the male rats scored right choice
      after 2 weeks post-treatment and the effect was more prominent at the dose of the
      observation period. However, there was no sexual enhancement of the middle aged
      male rats which consumed normal saline since only 45-55% of the male rats
      responded to right choice throughout the investigation period. Hence, this study
      shows that E. longifolia Jack enhanced the sexual qualities of the middle aged
      male rats, further supports the folkuse of E. longifolia Jack as an aphrodisiac.

PMID- 13678249
TI  - Inhibition of endogenous glucose production accounts for hypoglycemic effect of
      Spergularia purpurea in streptozotocin mice.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to determine the underlying mechanism of the
      hypoglycemic activity of the aqueous extract perfusion of Spergularia purpurea
      (SP) in diabetic mice and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The aqueous
      extract was administered intravenously and the blood glucose levels were
      determined within 4 hours after starting the treatment. Plasma insulin
      concentrations and endogenous glucose production were also determined. The
      aqueous extract at a dose of 10 mg/kg produced a significant decrease in blood
      glucose levels in normal rats (P < 0.05), and even more in diabetic rats (P <
      0.001). This hypoglycemic effect might be due to an extra-pancreatic action of
      the aqueous extract of SP, since the basal plasma insulin concentrations were
      unchanged after SP treatment. In diabetic mice, a similar effect was observed and
      the results showed that aqueous extract of SP caused a potent inhibitor effect on
      basal endogenous glucose production (p < 0.001). We conclude that aqueous extract
      perfusion of SP inhibits endogenous glucose production in mice. This inhibition
      is at least one mechanism explaining the observed hypoglycemic activity of this
      plant in diabetic animals.

PMID- 13678250
TI  - Anti-hyperglycemic effects of ginseng: comparison between root and berry.
AB  - Previous studies demonstrated that both ginseng root and ginseng berry possess
      anti-diabetic activity. However, a direct comparison between the root and the
      berry under the same experimental conditions has not been conducted. In the
      present study, we compared anti-hyperglycemic effect between Panax ginseng root
      and Panax ginseng berry in ob/ob mice, which exhibit profound obesity and
      hyperglycemia that phenotypically resemble human type-2 diabetes. We observed
      that ob/ob mice had high baseline glucose levels (195 mg/dl). Ginseng root
      extract (150 mg/kg body wt.) and ginseng berry extract (150 mg/kg body wt.)
      significantly decreased fasting blood glucose to 143 +/- 9.3 mg/dl and 150 +/-
      9.5 mg/dl on day 5, respectively (both P < 0.01 compared with the vehicle). On
      day 12, although fasting blood glucose level did not continue to decrease in the
      root group (155 +/- 12.7 mg/dl), the berry group became normoglycemic (129 +/-
      7.3 mg/dl; P < 0.01). We further evaluated glucose tolerance using the
      intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test. On day 0, basal hyperglycemia was
      exacerbated by intraperitoneal glucose load, and failed to return to baseline
      after 120 min. After 12 days of treatment with ginseng root extract (150 mg/kg
      body wt.), the area under the curve (AUC) showed some decrease (9.6%). However,
      after 12 days of treatment with ginseng berry extract (150 mg/kg body wt.),
      overall glucose exposure improved significantly, and the AUC decreased 31.0% (P <
      0.01). In addition, we observed that body weight did not change significantly
      after ginseng root extract (150 mg/kg body wt.) treatment, but the same
      concentration of ginseng berry extract significantly decreased body weight (P <
      0.01). These data suggest that, compared to ginseng root, ginseng berry exhibits
      more potent anti-hyperglycemic activity, and only ginseng berry shows marked anti
      obesity effects in ob/ob mice.

PMID- 13678252
TI  - Quality aspects of traditional and industrial Kava-extracts.
AB  - An aqueous decoction of Piper methysticum has been used since centuries of
      Pacific Island at social religious-ceremonial and social events without
      hepatotoxic side effects in contrast to the speculation on industrial Kava
      preparations. It was assumed that the traditional non-alcoholic drink contains a
      spectrum of other constituents compared to the acetonic and ethanolic extracts.
      The TLC-analysis demonstrates, however, that under qualitative aspects there is
      no difference between aqueous and acetonic and ethanolic extracts respectively.

PMID- 13678251
TI  - Evaluation of the analgesic activity of extracts of Miconia rubiginosa
      (Melastomataceae).
AB  - The analgesic effects of the hexane, methylene chloride and ethanol extracts of
      Miconia rubiginosa were evaluated in mice and rats using the acetic acid-induced
      writhing and hot plate tests. The extracts (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg body wt.) and
      indomethacin (5 mg/kg body wt.) produced a significant (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01)
      inhibition of acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing. These same extracts (200
      mg/kg body wt.) showed a significant (p < 0.05) antinociceptive effect, lower
      than that produced by morphine (4 mg/kg body wt.). The fractionation of the
      methylene chloride extract yielded ursolic and oleanoic acids as the major
      compounds. Using only gas chromatography, it was possible to identify the
      following triterpenes in the hexane extract: alpha-amyrin, beta-amyrin, lupeol
      and beta-sitosterol.

PMID- 13678253
TI  - The quality of clinical trials with Harpagophytum procumbens.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To examine systematically the quality of the clinical trials
      investigating the effectiveness of Harpagophytum products. METHODS: Literature
      searches and enquiries to experts identified 20 studies of treatment with various
      Harpagophytum products (powder, aqueous and ethanolic extracts) for exacerbations
      of chronic musculoskeletal pain. Eight were open uncontrolled observational
      studies, one comparing progress under treatment for pain in back, knee and hip
      pain. Two were open comparisons with conventional treatment, only one of which
      was randomised. Ten were double-blinded, randomised controlled comparisons, 8
      with placebo and 2 with NSAID comparator treatments. Indices of the internal and
      external validities were examined by reference to a checklist to see how well the
      studies answered the questions: do Harpagophytum products work and do they work
      as well as more conventional comparator treatments? RESULTS: The uncontrolled
      trials, though providing useful preliminary estimates of the possible effect of
      treating various conditions, could not separate the effects of the Harpagophytum
      product from whatever placebo effect might have been exerted in the circumstances
      of the study. The 2 open comparisons were open to performance, detection and/or
      selection bias. Of the 8 randomised double blinded controlled comparisons with
      placebo, 6 were marred by lack of transparency, one could not provide definitive
      evidence from its pre-selected principal outcome measure, and one provided good
      quality evidence of a dose dependent superiority of effect over placebo, though
      this was with a product that is not generally available for clinical practice.
      One of the randomised controlled comparisons with comparator (Doloteffin versus
      rofecoxib) was intended only as a pilot and studied too few patients for
      definitive conclusions whereas the other did provide good evidence that the
      powder, Harpadol is not importantly less effective than the weak NSAID
      diacerhein. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence of effectiveness of Harpagophytum products is
      not transferrable from product to product. The results of some studies suggest
      some effectiveness for some products, but for none of the clinically available
      products is the quality of evidence totally satisfactory. It is better so far
      with products that contain at least 50 mg of harpagoside in the daily dosage than
      with products (which happen to be of ethanolic extraction) that contain less.

PMID- 13678254
TI  - Traditional herbal medicinal products: an update.

PMID- 13678255
TI  - Secondary plant products--an interdisciplinary task with consumer relevance.

PMID- 13678256
TI  - Occurrence of certain mycotoxins in corn and corn-based products and
      thermostability of fumonisin B1 during processing.
AB  - A total of 57 samples of corn and corn-based products collected from various
      districts of Egypt were analyzed for Fusarium mycotoxins (T-2, diacetoxyscripenol
      (DAS), deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisin B1 (FB1) and aflatoxins. FB1 was
      detected in about 80%, 53.85%, 33.3%, and 28.57% of yellow corn, corn meal, white
      corn, and popcorn samples, respectively. The levels of FB1 ranged from 10 to 780
      microg/kg. T-2 and DAS were detected in 5% and 10% of yellow corn samples,
      respectively, and DON was detected in white corn and popcorn samples at levels of
      28.8 and 10.1 microg/kg, respectively. Starch samples were found to be free from
      Fusarium mycotoxins. Baking balady bread at 450 degrees C/min reduced FB1 to
      72.4% while baking Franco bread at 250 degrees C/20 min reduced FB1 to 57.4%.
      Boiling of macaroni and corn in water completely removed FB1 from contaminated
      samples. On the other side, corn flakes samples were found to be contaminated
      with aflatoxins B1 and G1 at levels ranging from 6 to 10 ppm, whereas 2.9% of
      samples were contaminated with aflatoxin B1 > 35 ppm and G1 > 16 ppm.

PMID- 13678257
TI  - Preliminary study of L-lysine production by Bacillus species using various
      agricultural by-products.
AB  - The production of lysine by Bacillus megaterium SP-14 and Bacillus circulans Tx
      22 using agricultural by-products as carbon and nitrogen sources was assessed.
      Among the carbon substrates used were potato, sorghum, plantain, millet, yam,
      cassava, and corn starches, while the nitrogen sources include cowpea, bambara
      nut, cotton seed, groundnut, soybean, and blood meals. The effect of natural
      nitrogen sources (1.0% w/v) and synthetic nitrogen source (4.0% w/v (NH4)2SO4) on
      lysine production by the Bacillus strains showed that natural nitrogen sources
      gave better lysine yields.

PMID- 13678258
TI  - Changes of pectic substances concentration in potatoes and French fries and the
      effect of these substances on the texture of the final product.
AB  - The texture of fried potato products depends on the building elements present in
      the cell walls, which play the structure-forming function, as well as on physical
      and biochemical changes of those elements which take place in the potato tissue,
      when it is exposed to blanching or frying. For the research the tubers of four
      potato varieties (Ekra, Orlik, Sumak, and Bryza) were used, which served as
      material for the production of French fries. In the samples of potato tubers
      before and after peeling, as well as in French fries blanched in the solutions of
      0.4% CaCl2 and 0.4% MgCl2 salts the contents of pectic substances and their
      effect on the texture of the final product were determined. The process of
      peeling potato tubers contributed to the decrease of the content of the pectic
      substances. On the average 20% of the content of water-soluble pectins and about
      5% of protopectins was decreased. Water blanching and frying contributed to a
      further decrease of the pectic substances in French fries in relation to their
      content in the raw material. However, potato strips blanching in the solutions of
      calcium and magnesium salts prevents further loss of those substances in the
      final product. The presence of calcium and magnesium ions in the solution of the
      blanching salts caused their partial binding by the pectin substances present in
      the potato tissue, which resulted in the improvement of the texture of French
      fries, especially obtained from early potato varieties.

PMID- 13678259
TI  - Sensory and rheological properties of Polish commercial mayonnaise.
AB  - Sensory and rheological analyses were performed to compare seven commercial
      mayonnaises having various fat contents and containing, or not, thickening and
      stabilizing agents. It was found that mayonnaise samples differed in their
      sensory and rheological properties. The samples with a higher fat content scored
      higher in sensory analysis than the low-fat ones. The mayonnaises studied showed
      non-Newtonian, pseudoplastic flow with yield stress and thixotropy. All
      mayonnaises, although to a different degree, exhibited a decrease in the apparent
      viscosity at constant shear. The mayonnaise samples which contained thickeners
      and stabilizers had a greater rheological stability.

PMID- 13678260
TI  - Chemical composition and antioxidant test of free and glycosidically bound
      volatile compounds of savory (Satureja montana L. subsp. montana) from Croatia.
AB  - The evaluation of antioxidant power of glycosidically bound volatile aglycones
      from savory shows that these compounds possess antioxidative activity comparable
      to that of the essential oil, but less effective compared to the well-known
      antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and alpha-tocopherol. Thus, since the
      glycosides are able to release their aglycones by enzymatic hydrolysis, they
      could be considered as possible precursors of antioxidant substances in savory.

PMID- 13678261
TI  - Molecular modeling of various peptide sequences of gliadins and low-molecular
      weight glutenin subunits.
AB  - The contribution of the three-dimensional structures of one heptapeptide
      (PQPQPFP) sequence and one pentapeptide (PQQPY) repeat sequence of alpha/beta
      gliadins, one heptapeptide (PQQPFPQ) repeat sequence of gamma-gliadins, two
      heptapeptide (PQQPPFS and QQQQPVL) repeat motifs of low-molecular-weight (LMW)
      subunits and a tetrapeptide sequence in polyQ region of S-rich prolamins to their
      conformations are investigated by using the recently developed multicanonical
      simulation procedure. Ramachandran plots were prepared and analysed to predict
      the relative occurrence probabilities of gamma-tutn, gamma-turn, and helical
      structures. The probability of inverse 7-turn was generally higher than that of
      beta-turns in all sequences investigated. Occurrence probability of helical
      structure in the repetitive domain of gliadins was low. Structural predictions of
      QQQQPVL sequence of LMW-glutenin subunits and QQQQ sequence in the polyQ region
      of S-rich prolamins indicate the presence of helical structures with the
      probability of >20%. The probability of helical structure significantly decreased
      around 100 degrees C.

PMID- 13678262
TI  - Determination of water-soluble vitamins in soft drinks and vitamin supplements
      using capillary electrophoresis.
AB  - A method for the determination of six water-soluble vitamins based on capillary
      electrophoresis (CE) operated in micellar mode was developed. Thiamine
      hydrochloride (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), pyridoxine hydrochloride
      (vitamin B6), pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), nicotinamide (vitamin B3), and
      cobalamin (Vitamin B12) could be separated in a single run. All CE parameters
      such as buffer composition and operation temperature were optimized in order to
      achieve better separation. Relative standard deviations (RSDs) of the described
      method ranged from 1.08 to 3.68% (intra-day precision) and 1.26 to 3.35% (inter
      day precision). The method was then used for measuring various soft drinks and
      vitamin supplements directly without any step of sample cleanup. The
      determination of niacin was successful for all samples tested, reaching
      recoveries near 100%. Riboflavin and pyridoxine were quantified successfully in
      some but not all samples. Therefore, an evaluation on a case-by-case basis is
      mandatory. When applicable, this method provides a fast, accurate, simple, and
      inexpensive way to quantify selected vitamins, and is therefore well suited for
      routine analysis in soft drink industry.

PMID- 13678263
TI  - Effects of different emulsifier types, fat contents, and gum types on retardation
      of staling of microwave-baked cakes.
AB  - The effects of different types of emulsifiers, gums, and fat contents on the
      retardation of staling of microwave-baked cakes were investigated. First,
      different types of emulsifiers (DATEM, Lecigran, and Purawave) at three different
      fat contents (50%, 25%, and 0%) were added to cake formulations to retard staling
      of microwave-baked cakes. Then, three types of gums (guar gum, xanthan gum, and
      methylcellulose) were added to the optimum formulations chosen. As a control,
      cakes formulated without any emulsifier or gum addition and baked in an
      conventional oven at 175 degrees C for 25 min was used. Weight loss, firmness,
      soluble starch and amylose content of the cakes were used as the indicators of
      staling criteria. Cakes were baked in a microwave oven for 1.5 min at 100% power.
      Variation of staling parameters during storage of cakes followed zero-order
      kinetics. Use of emulsifiers and gums helped to retard staling of microwave-baked
      cakes. Fat content was found to be a significant factor in affecting variation of
      firmness and weight loss of the cakes during storage. DATEM and Purawave were the
      most effective emulsifier types. Using gums in combination with emulsifiers gave
      better moisture retention and softer cakes than using gums alone.

PMID- 13678264
TI  - Isolation of volatile oil from thyme (Thymbra spicata) by steam distillation.
AB  - The effects of steam flow rate (1.03 and 0.64 L/h), distillation time, and
      particle size (0.50, 1.00, 2.05 mm) of Thymbra spicata on essential oil yield and
      sequence of extraction of compounds were studied. A logarithmic model fitted well
      to experimental data. The composition of the essential oil obtained by steam
      distillation was investigated for whole leaves only since the grinding had an
      adverse effect on yield. The oil obtained was very rich with respect to its
      carvacrol content. For both steam flow rates, oxygenated monoterpenes were
      recovered the most rapidly. Using whole leaves (2.05 mm) and a higher steam flow
      rate (1.03 L/h) for 75 min of distillation was chosen as the optimum which gives
      the lowest amount of monoterpene hydrocarbons, the complete recovery of
      oxygenated compounds, and the highest yield in a shorter time. Yield was 1.57% at
      this optimum condition. The oil was composed of 53.1% oxygenated compounds, 25.7%
      monoterpene hydrocarbons, 4.4% sesquiterpenes, and 14.1% p-cymene.

PMID- 13678265
TI  - Effect of processing on the protein nutritional value of Canavalia gladiata
      seeds.
AB  - Evaluation of protein true digestibility (TD), biological value (BV), and net
      protein utilization (NPU) of diets containing mature sword bean (Canavalia
      gladiata), seed flour and grits were carried out with male Sprague-Dawley rats.
      The seed flour and grits were processed by soaking, cooking, soaking and cooking,
      autoclaving, and roasting. The TD of processed flour (cooked (84.8), soaked and
      cooked (76.2), autoclaved (82.0), roasted grits (64.5), and roasted flour (61.2))
      were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in the raw (51.4) and the soaked only
      grits (35.8). Soaking the grits decreased the TD. The BV of cooked grits and
      grits cooked after soaking were significantly higher than that of the other
      processed samples (p < 0.05). However, the BV of the diets containing cooked and
      soaked and cooked grits were not significantly different. The NPU of the cooked
      grits (39.4) and grits cooked after soaking (37.6) were significantly higher (p <
      0.05) than that of the other processed samples (autoclaved grits (31.0), roasted
      grits (19.5), roasted flour (10.8), and soaked only grits (1.6)). The NPU of all
      the processed samples were significantly lower than the reference casein (p <
      0.05). The highest protein nutritional quality was obtained by either cooking the
      grits or by soaking and cooking the grits. In vitro protein digestibility
      measurements were not well correlated to the true digestibility.

PMID- 13678266
TI  - Evaluation of nitric oxide scavenging activity of certain spices in vitro: a
      preliminary study.
AB  - The plant extracts of some commonly used spices were examined for their possible
      regulatory effect on nitric oxide (NO) levels using sodium nitroprusside as a NO
      donor in vitro. Most of the extracts tested demonstrated direct scavenging of NO
      and exhibited significant activity and the potency of scavenging activity was in
      the following order: Foeniculum vulgare (aqueous) > Citrus limettiodes > Murraya
      koenigii (seed, aqueous) > Murraya koenigii (leaf, aqueous) > Curcuma aromatica
      (aqueous) > Murraya koenigii (leaf, dichloromethane:methanol) > Mentha arvensis
      (chloroform) > Mentha arvensis (aqueous) > Curcuma longa > Gingko biloba >
      Foeniculum vulgare (dichloromethane:methanol) > Zingiber officinale (aqueous) >
      Curcuma aromatica (ethanolic) > Murraya koenigii (seed,
      dichloromethane:methanol). All the evaluated extracts exhibited a dose-dependent
      NO scavenging activity. The aqueous extract of Foeniculum vulgare showed a
      greatest NO scavenging effect of 79.75% at 62.5 microg/mL as compared to the
      positive control, Gingko biloba where 36.22% scavenging was observed at similar
      concentration. The present results suggest that these spices might be potent and
      novel therapeutic agents for scavenging of NO and the regulation of pathological
      conditions caused by excessive generation of NO and its oxidation product,
      peroxynitrite.

PMID- 13678267
TI  - Physicochemical, rheological, and organoleptic characteristics of wheat-fenugreek
      supplemented blends.
AB  - The effect of blending of fenugreek (raw, soaked, and germinated) flour
      (Trigonellafaenum graecum) from 5 to 20% in wheat flour on the rheological and
      sensory evaluation of bread, biscuit, noodle, and macroni was studied.
      Farinograph water absorption, dough development time, mixing tolerance index, and
      dough stability increased significantly with increased amount of fenugreek flour.
      Incorporation of fenugreek flour in wheat flour increased the protein and fat
      contents of blends but decreased the gluten contents. Among the supplemented
      blends, blends containing germinated fenugreek flour had higher protein contents
      (13.83-16.30%) up to 20%. Overall acceptability scores of bread, biscuit,
      noodles, and macroni were found highly acceptable up to 15, 10, and 20% levels,
      respectively.

PMID- 13678268
TI  - Assessment of protein nutritional quality and effects of traditional processes: a
      comparison between Ethiopian quality protein maize and five Ethiopian adapted
      normal maize cultivars.
AB  - The present study was designed to quantitatively measure and compare the levels
      and variations of total protein, individual amino acids, and computed protein
      efficiency ratio (C-PER) in raw and traditionally processed products of one
      recently released quality protein maize (QPM BH542) with four high-yield maize
      hybrids, namely flint BH660, semi-dent BH140, Pioneer 30H83, and Pioneer 30G97,
      as well as one local maize cultivar. The total protein content was variable among
      the cultivars ranging from 7% for BH660 to 8.6% for Pioneer 30H83, 8.9% for
      BH140, 9.8% for QPM BH542, 10.1% for local maize cultivar, and 11.8% for Pioneer
      30G97, respectively. However, the QPM BH542 maize protein proved to be higher in
      nutritional quality than common maize proteins because it contained 30% to 82%
      more lysine, higher levels of arginine, tryptophan, histidine, threonine,
      cysteine, and valine. As a result, the QPM BH542 amino acid profile gives a good
      balance of total essential amino acids, limited only in lysine, and has a C-PER
      ratio of 2.2 compared to 1.14, 1.2, 1.4, 1.66, and 1.67 for Pioneer 30G97, local,
      BH-140, BH660, and Pioneer 30H83, respectively. The various traditional processes
      of maize have no significant effect on the protein nutritional quality of the new
      quality protein maize. Hence, the widely dissemination of it in agricultural
      cultivation as well as consumption by the general population is recommended.

PMID- 13678269
TI  - Phosphorylation of starch and dextrin by dry-heating in the presence of
      phosphate, and their calcium phosphate-solubilizing ability.
AB  - Starch and dextrin were phosphorylated by dry-heating in the presence of
      phosphate, and their properties were examined. The phosphorylation of starch was
      accelerated with decreasing moisture, rising incubation temperature and
      prolongation of the incubation period. However, a rise in incubation temperature,
      and lengthened incubation period caused increased browning and degradation. A
      decrease in the pH from 5.5 to 3.0 resulted in a modest increase of
      phosphorylation, but also marked browning and degradation. When potato starch was
      phosphorylated at 140 degrees C and pH 5.5 for 24 h, its phosphorus content was
      increased up to 3.47%, with fewer side reactions. Phosphorlylated starch and
      dextrin had calcium phosphate-solubilizing abitity. Phosphorylated dextrin with
      2.42% phosphorus had about half the calcium phosphate-solubilizing ability of
      casein phosphopeptide (CPP). The possibility of substituting of phosphorylated
      starch and dextrin for CPP as a calcium phosphate-absorption enhancing material
      is discussed herein.

PMID- 13678270
TI  - Why we must move on from the E1E2 model for the reaction cycle of the P-type
      ATPases.
AB  - Recent progress regarding the structure of the Ca(2+)-translocating ATPase of
      sarcoplasmic reticulum in several conformational states, and a substantial
      accumulation of biochemical information about this and other P-type ATPases, have
      put everything in place for the final convergence of biochemistry and structure
      that will lead to a complete understanding of the molecular mechanism of these
      membrane transport enzymes. But the common paradigm used to describe the reaction
      cycle of the P-type ATPases, the E1E2 model, is seriously flawed, and this is
      hindering our progress toward this goal. In this paper, it is first shown why the
      E1E2 model must be discarded. This is followed by a description of the P-type
      ATPase catalytic cycle that is much more consistent with the structural and
      biochemical information now available for these enzymes, and also brings to light
      the origin of the forces that drive the key reaction in the active transport
      cycle where high-affinity ion-binding sites are converted to low-affinity binding
      sites capable of releasing the transported ions against a considerable
      concentration gradient. This new model will therefore serve us better as we seek
      to unravel the final details of the molecular mechanism of active ion transport
      catalyzed by these enzymes. It is thus time to move on from the traditional E1E2
      model.

PMID- 13678271
TI  - Overexpression of plant uncoupling mitochondrial protein in transgenic tobacco
      increases tolerance to oxidative stress.
AB  - An Arabidopsis thaliana cDNA clone encoding a plant uncoupling mitochondrial
      protein (AtPUMP1) was overexpressed in transgenic tobacco plants. Analysis of the
      AtPUMP1 mRNA content in the transgenic lines, determined by Northern blot,
      revealed variable levels of transgene expression. Antibody probing of Western
      blots of mitochondrial proteins from three independent transgenic lines showed
      significant accumulation of AtPUMP1 in this organelle. Overproduction of AtPUMP1
      in transgenic tobacco plants led to a significant increase in tolerance to
      oxidative stress promoted by exogenous hydrogen peroxide as compared to wild-type
      control plants. These results provide the first biological evidence for a role of
      PUMP in protection of plant cells against oxidative stress damage.

PMID- 13678272
TI  - Stimulation of potato tuber respiration by cold stress is associated with an
      increased capacity of both plant uncoupling mitochondrial protein (PUMP) and
      alternative oxidase.
AB  - The CO2 evolution of intact potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum, L., var. "Bintje")
      was analyzed during a 10-day period of their warm (25 +/- 2 degrees C) or cold (5
      +/- 1 degrees C) storage, to evaluate cold-stress effects on expression and
      activities of plant uncoupling mitochondrial protein (PUMP) and alternative
      oxidase (AOX). CO2 evolution rates were analyzed at 20 degrees C, to reflect
      their possible capacities. The 20 degrees C CO2 production declined from 13 to 8
      mg kg(-1) h(-1) after 2 days of warm storage and then (after 3 to 7 days)
      decreased from 8 to 6.5 mg kg(-1) h(-1). In contrast, 20 degrees C CO2 evolution
      did not change after the first day of cold storage, increased up to 14.5 mg kg(
      1) h(-1) after 2 days, and decreased to about 12 mg kg(-1) h(-1) after 3 to 7
      days of cold storage. Cold storage increased PUMP expression as detected by
      Western blots and led to elevated capacities of both PUMP (44%) and CN-resistant
      AOX (10 times), but not the cytochrome pathway. Since we found that cold storage
      led to about the same mitochondrial respiration of 40 nmol O2 min(-1) mg(-1)
      attributable to each of the respective proteins, we conclude that both AOX and
      PUMP equally contribute to adaptation of potato tubers to cold.

PMID- 13678273
TI  - Regulation of the anion channel of the chloroplast envelope from spinach.
AB  - Several anions such as Cl-, NO2(-), SO4(2-), and PO4(3-) are known to modulate
      the photosynthetic activity. Moreover, the chloroplast metabolism requires the
      exchange of both inorganic and organic (e.g., triose phosphate, dicarboxylic
      acid, ATP) anions between the cytoplasm and the stroma. A chloride channel form
      the chloroplast envelope was reconstituted in planar lipid bilayers. We show that
      the channel is active in conditions prevailing in the plant. The open probability
      increases with the ionic strength of the experimental solutions and is maximal at
      0 mV. This suggests that the channel could play a role in the osmotic regulation
      of the chloroplast. Amino group reagents affect the channel activity in a way
      that demonstrated that lysine residues are important for channel gating but not
      for ATP binding. Together, our results provide new information on the functioning
      of this channel in the chloroplast envelope membranes. They indicate that the
      open probability of the channel is low (Po < or = 0.2) in vivo and that this
      channel can account for the chloride flux through the chloroplast envelope.

PMID- 13678274
TI  - In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, cations control the fate of the energy derived from
      oxidative metabolism through the opening and closing of the yeast mitochondrial
      unselective channel.
AB  - The yeast mitochondrial unspecific channel (YMUC) sensitivity to inorganic (Ca2+
      or Mg2+) or organic (hexyl or octyl-guanidine) cations was measured. The rate of
      oxygen consumption in State 3 and State 4, the transmembrane potential
      (deltapsi), mitochondrial swelling, and the polyethylene-glycol mediated
      recontraction were used to follow opening of the YMUC. Addition of 0.4 mM PO4 did
      not close the YMUC, although it did enhance the sensitivity to Ca2+ (I50
      decreased from 50 to 0.3 mM) and Mg2+ (I50 decreased from 5 to 0.83 mM Mg2+). The
      Ca2+ concentration needed to close the YMUC was higher than the concentrations
      usually observed in the cell. Nonetheless, Mg2+, Ca2+, and PO4 exhibited additive
      effects. These cations did not inhibit contraction of preswollen mitochondria,
      suggesting that the YMUC/cation interaction was labile. Octyl-guanidine (OG-I50
      7.5 microM) was the only cation which inhibited mitochondrial recontraction,
      probably as a result of membrane binding stabilization through its hydrophobic
      tail. The PO4-dependent, Ca(2+)/Mg(2+)-mediated closure of the YMUC may be a
      means to control the proportion of oxidative energy producing ATP or being lost
      as heat.

PMID- 13678276
TI  - Effect of the side chain structure of coenzyme Q on the steady state kinetics of
      bovine heart NADH: coenzyme Q oxidoreductase.
AB  - Steady state kinetics of bovine heart NADH: coenzyme Q oxidoreductase using
      coenzyme Q with two isoprenoid unit (Q2) or with a decyl group (DQ) show an
      ordered sequential mechanism in which the order of substrate binding and product
      release is NADH-Q2 (DQ) -Q2H2 (DQH2)-NAD+ in contrast to the order determined
      using Q1 (Q1-NADH-NAD(+)-Q1H2) (Nakashima et al., J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 34, 11
      19, 2002). The effect of the side chain structure of coenzyme Q suggests that
      NADH binding to the enzyme results in a conformational change, in the coenzyme Q
      binding site, which enables the site to accept coenzyme Q with a side chain
      significantly larger than one isoprenoid unit. The side chains of Q2 and DQ bound
      to the enzyme induce a conformational change in the binding site to stabilize the
      substrate binding, while the side chain of Q1 (one isoprenoid unit) is too short
      to induce the conformational change.

PMID- 13678275
TI  - Four mutations in transmembrane domains of the mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier
      increase resistance to bongkrekic acid.
AB  - Two distinct conformations of the mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier involved in the
      adenine nucleotide transport are called BA and CATR conformations, as they were
      distinguished by binding of specific inhibitors bongkrekic acid (BA) and
      carboxyatractyloside (CATR), respectively. To find out which amino acids are
      implicated in the transition between these two conformations, which occurs during
      transport, mutants of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP/ATP carrier Anc2p
      responsible for resistance of yeast cells to BA were identified and characterized
      after in vivo chemical or UV mutagenesis. Only four different mutations could be
      identified in spite of a large number of mutants analyzed. They are located in
      the Anc2p transmembrane segments I (G30S), II (Y97C), III (L142S), and VI
      (G298S), and are independently enabling growth of cells in the presence of BA.
      The variant and wild-type Anc2p were produced practically to the same level in
      mitochondria, as evidenced by immunochemical analysis and by atractyloside
      binding experiments. ADP/ATP exchange mediated by Anc2p variants in isolated
      mitochondria was more efficient than that of the wild-type Anc2p in the presence
      of BA, confirming that BA resistance of the mutant cells was linked to the
      functional properties of the modified ADP/ATP carrier. These results suggest that
      resistance to BA is caused by alternate conformation of Anc2p due to appearance
      of Ser or Cys at specific positions. Different interactions of these residues
      with other amino acids and/or BA could prevent formation of stable inactive Anc2p
      . BA complex.

PMID- 13678277
TI  - Aging-related oxidative stress depends on dietary lipid source in rat postmitotic
      tissues.
AB  - We investigate mitochondrial-lipid peroxidation of mitotic (liver) and
      postmitotic (heart and skeletal muscle) tissues of rats fed lifelong on two
      different lipid sources: virgin olive oil (monounsaturated fatty acids) and
      sunflower oil (n - 6 polyunsaturated fatty acids). Two groups of 80 rats each
      were fed over 24 months on a diet differing in the lipid source (virgin olive oil
      or sunflower oil). Twenty rats per group were killed at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months;
      liver, heart, and skeletal muscle mitochondria were isolated and the lipid
      profile, hydroperoxides, vitamin E, and ubiquinone as well as catalase activity
      measured. Lipid peroxidation was higher in postmitotic tissues, and sunflower oil
      led to a higher degree of polyunsaturation and peroxidation. The levels of alpha
      tocopherol adapted to oxidative stress and preferentially accumulated during
      aging in heart and skeletal muscle. In conclusion, the type of dietary fat should
      be considered in studies on aging, since oxidative stress is directly modulated
      by this factor. This study confirms that postmitotic tissues are more prone to
      oxidative stress during aging and proposes a hypothesis to explain this
      phenomenon.

PMID- 13678278
TI  - Chernobyl: the future.

PMID- 13678279
TI  - Epidemiological associations among lung cancer, radon exposure and elevation
      above sea level--a reassessment of Cohen's county level radon study.
AB  - Inhalation of radon (222Rn) decay products by persons living in homes has been
      associated with increased risk of lung cancer. Some epidemiological studies have
      shown a positive association between radon exposure and lung cancer rates.
      However, a large U.S.-wide ecological study (Cohen 1995) has shown a clear
      inverse association between average county radon concentration in homes and
      average lung cancer rates in the county. Cohen's strong inverse association
      between radon and lung cancer is surprising since there is no plausible
      biological reason for an inverse causal relationship between the two. We plot the
      county average lung cancer rate vs. the elevation above sea level (altitude) and
      show an inverse association between county average lung cancer rate and
      elevation. The elevation used for each county is the altitude of the most
      populous place in the county. We postulate that the decrease in lung cancer rates
      with higher elevations is caused by the carcinogenic effect of higher absolute
      oxygen concentration in the inspired air at lower elevations. Stratifying Cohen's
      lung cancer vs. radon data into ten groups of counties with similar elevations
      removes some, but not all, of his inverse association between radon and lung
      cancer.

PMID- 13678280
TI  - Tumors and other diseases following childhood x-ray treatment for ringworm of the
      scalp (Tinea capitis).
AB  - The objective of the study is to characterize the risk of tumors from radiation
      exposure to the head and neck. A cohort of 2,224 children given x-ray treatment
      and 1,380 given only topical medications for ringworm of the scalp (tinea
      capitis) during 1940-1959 have been followed up for a median of 39 y to determine
      tumor incidence. Follow-ups were by mail/telephone questionnaire, with 84-88% of
      the original cohort followed and with medical verification of diseases of
      interest. Sixteen intracranial tumors [7 brain cancers, 4 meningiomas, and 5
      acoustic neuromas (vestibular schwannomas)] occurred in the x-irradiated group
      following an average brain dose of about 1.4 Gy, compared to 1 acoustic neuroma
      in the control group. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) for brain cancer was
      3.0 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3, 5.9]. Even though the dose to the thyroid
      gland was only about 60 mGy, 2 thyroid cancers were found in the irradiated group
      vs. none among controls, and 11 vs. 1 thyroid adenomas were found in the
      respective groups. Following an average dose of about 4 Gy to cranial marrow, 8
      cases of leukemia (SIR = 3.2, CI: 1.5, 6.1) were observed in the irradiated group
      and 1 in the control group. There was also a suggestive excess of blood
      dyscrasias. There was no difference between the groups in the frequency of other
      cancers of the head and neck (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) or in total
      mortality.

PMID- 13678281
TI  - Age dependencies of 90Sr incorporation in dental tissues: comparative analysis
      and interpretation of different kinds of measurements obtained for residents on
      the Techa River.
AB  - Human teeth have been considered as dosimeters for decades. Methods include the
      in vivo measurement of 90Sr/90Y in teeth with a tooth-beta counter, the
      radiochemical determination of 90Sr in whole teeth, and the measurement of dose
      in teeth by use of electron paramagnetic resonance. Presented in this paper are
      results of 2,514 tooth-beta counter measurements, 334 radiochemical measurements,
      and 218 electron paramagnetic resonance measurements for residents living in
      settlements along the Techa River. All three kinds of measurements indicate a
      sharp peak that corresponds to the uptake of 90Sr by tooth tissue. The results
      can be interpreted in terms of an intake function for 90Sr only if the period of
      calcification of each individual tooth is considered--such detail on a tooth-by
      tooth basis is presented in this paper. The conclusion is reached that the tooth
      beta counter data are the most reliable in terms of reconstruction of 90Sr
      intake; this is due in part to the fact that the tooth-beta counter measures four
      teeth (all at position 1) with essentially the same time periods of
      mineralization and because there are a large number of tooth-beta counter
      measurements. The main utility of electron paramagnetic resonance measurements is
      considered to be the validation of estimates of external dose; but for this
      purpose teeth with 90Sr taken up into enamel must be avoided.

PMID- 13678282
TI  - Corneal epithelial injury thresholds for multiple-pulse exposures to Tm:YAG laser
      radiation at 2.02 microm.
AB  - Corneal epithelial damage thresholds for exposures to sequences of pulses of 2.02
      microm infrared radiation produced by a Tm:YAG laser were investigated.
      Thresholds were determined for sequences of pulses at frequencies of 1, 10, 20,
      and 100 Hz. The duration of the individual pulses was 0.300 s at 1 Hz, 0.025 s at
      10 and 20 Hz, and 0.005 s at 100 Hz. Threshold damage is correlated by an
      empirical power law of the form H(th) = CN(-alpha), in which H(th) is the
      threshold radiant exposure per pulse, and N is the number of pulses. The constant
      C differs depending on the pulse repetition frequency and individual pulse
      duration. The exponent alpha has values between 0.22 and 0.29. For some Tm:YAG
      exposures the empirical power law underestimates the damage threshold for small
      numbers of pulses. An empirical critical temperature model in which the critical
      damage temperature has a weak dependence on the duration of the single pulses or
      the entire train of pulses also correlates injury thresholds for both single and
      multiple pulses.

PMID- 13678283
TI  - Use of glazes on porcelain from near ground zero to measure Hiroshima neutron
      fluence.
AB  - Several porcelain samples from almost directly beneath the atomic explosion at
      Hiroshima on 6 August 1945, have been scanned for induced fission tracks,
      produced mostly by the thermal neutrons from the bomb due to interactions with
      trace uranium in their glass coatings. The ability to use porcelain opens a new
      and abundant material for retrospective dosimetry. Four different samples had
      thermal neutron fluences in 1945 of 1.0, 3.8, 4.1, and 8.9 x 10(12) cm(-2). The
      different values are not caused by track fading, but are likely to result from
      differing shielding at different nearby positions. Assuming that the three
      highest fluences, which have overlapping uncertainties, are at locations of
      minimum shielding, the statistically weighted thermal fluence in the air at
      ground level and ground zero was 4.8 x 10(12) cm(-2) with a statistical
      uncertainty of 15%. This value lies between the calculated value of 6.5 x 10(12)
      given in DS86 and the 3.7 x 10(12) inferred from induced radionuclides by Hoshi
      et al. (1998).

PMID- 13678285
TI  - Moisture dependence of radon transport in concrete: measurements and modeling.
AB  - The moisture dependence of the radon-release rate of concrete was measured under
      well controlled conditions. It was found that the radon-release rate almost
      linearly increases up to moisture contents of 50 to 60%. At 70 to 80% a maximum
      was found and for higher moisture contents the radon-release rate decreases very
      steeply. It is demonstrated that this dependence can be successfully modeled on
      basis of the multi-phase radon-transport equation in which values for various
      input parameters (porosity, diffusion coefficient, emanation factor, etc.) were
      obtained from independent measurements. Furthermore, a concrete structure
      development model was used to predict at any moment in time the values of input
      parameters that depend on the evolution of the concrete microstructure.
      Information on the concrete manufacturing recipe and curing conditions
      (temperature, relative humidity) was used as input for the concrete structure
      model. The combined radon transport and concrete structure model supplied
      sufficient information to assess the influence of relative humidity on the radon
      source and barrier aspects of concrete. More specifically, the model has been
      applied to estimate the relative contributions to the radon exhalation rate of a
      20-cm-thick concrete slab of radon produced in the concrete slab itself and due
      to diffusive transport through the slab of radon from soil gas.

PMID- 13678284
TI  - Study of the radiation field characteristics of a 137Cs irradiator by Monte Carlo
      simulation.
AB  - In this work a study of the energy fluence of the photon beam produced by a
      commercial irradiator that uses a single collimated 137Cs source is performed by
      employing the Monte Carlo code PENELOPE. A set of lead attenuators is placed at
      the exit window of the irradiator to vary the air kerma rate that is required to
      cover the instrument scales at a particular calibration distance. A possible
      variation in response due to this beam modification isalso investigated for LiF
      (TLD-100) dosimeters and for a secondary standard radiation protection level
      ionization chamber. The results show an important enhancement of beam mean energy
      from 633 to 642 keV as the lead attenuators increase in thicknesses. For this
      energy range, a maximum response change of 45% was found for LiF and 4.4% for the
      ionization chamber. These results reinforce the idea that a single source may
      very well be a practical solution for calibration laboratories without
      compromising the overall uncertainties acceptable for this application.

PMID- 13678286
TI  - Rapid identification and analysis of airborne plutonium using a combination of
      alpha spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
AB  - Recent wildland fires near two U.S. nuclear facilities point to a need to rapidly
      identify the presence of airborne plutonium during incidents involving the
      potential release of radioactive materials. Laboratory turn-around times also
      need to be shortened for critical samples collected in the earliest stages of
      radiological emergencies. This note discusses preliminary investigations designed
      to address both these problems. The methods under review are same day high
      resolution alpha spectroscopy to screen air filter samples for the presence of
      plutonium and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to perform sensitive
      plutonium analyses. Thus far, using modified alpha spectroscopy techniques, it
      has been possible to reliably identify the approximately 5.2 MeV emission of
      239Pu on surrogate samples (air filters artificially spiked with plutonium after
      collection) even though the primary alpha-particle emissions of plutonium are, as
      expected, superimposed against a natural alpha radiation background dominated by
      short-lived radon and thoron progeny (approximately 6-9 MeV). Several processing
      methods were tested to prepare samples for analysis and shorten laboratory turn
      around time. The most promising technique was acid-leaching of air filter samples
      using a commercial open-vessel microwave digestion system. Samples prepared in
      this way were analyzed by both alpha spectroscopy (as a thin-layer iron hydroxide
      co-precipitate) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The detection
      levels achieved for 239Pu--approximately 1 mBq m(-3) for alpha spectroscopy
      screening, and, < 0.1 mBq m(-3) for inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
      analysis--are consistent with derived emergency response levels based on EPA's
      Protective Action Guides, and samples can be evaluated in 36 to 72 h. Further, if
      samples can be returned to a fixed-laboratory and processed immediately, results
      from mass spectrometry could be available in as little as 24 h. When fully
      implemented, these techniques have the potential to provide useful information
      and improved operational flexibility to emergency planners and first-responders
      during radiological emergencies.

PMID- 13678287
TI  - The measurement of radon working levels at a mineral separation pilot plant in
      Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh.
AB  - Beach Sand Exploitation Centre at Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh, produces commercial
      grade concentrations of magnetite, ilmenite, zircon, etc., from the high-grade
      accumulations available along the beach and foredune of Cox's Bazar. Solid state
      nuclear track detectors (CR-39 foils) were used to determine indoor radon
      concentration of radioactive mineral sands and the technologically enhanced
      radiation level inside the pilot plant of the Centre. It is found that the
      concentrations at processed mineral stock areas are high, and the maximum
      concentration was found to be 2,103 +/- 331 Bq m(-3) (0.23 +/- 0.03 WL). The
      indoor concentration of radon and its decay products in the raw sand stock area
      and at other locations was in the range of 116 +/- 27 Bq m(-3) (0.03 +/- 0.003
      WL) to 2,042 +/- 233 Bq m(-3) (0.22 +/- 0.03 WL).

PMID- 13678288
TI  - Effect of torso adipose tissue thickness on effective dose in a broad parallel
      photon beam.
AB  - The effect of torso adipose tissue thickness on effective dose was studied for
      external broad parallel photon beams using the MCNP code and a mathematical
      anthropomorphic phantom. The variation of torso adipose tissue thickness was
      modeled by adding a layer of soft tissue (1-7 cm) around the torso of the
      phantom. This study found that effective dose varies almost linearly with the
      thickness of the adipose tissue layer. For most irradiation geometries (i.e.,
      antero-posterior, postero-anterior, and lateral), effective dose decreases with
      the thickness of the adipose tissue layer due to the shielding effect of the
      layer. Effective dose decreases by 11-35% when the thickness of the adipose
      tissue layer increases from 0 to 7 cm considering all photon energies (0.08, 0.3,
      and 1.0 MeV) and irradiation geometries in this study. For overhead irradiation
      geometry, however, an increase of adipose tissue layer thickness results in an
      increase of effective dose. This is because the organs and tissues in the body
      are additionally exposed by the photons that are scattered from the added adipose
      tissue layer. For the overhead irradiation geometry, effective dose increases by
      13-27% when the adipose tissue thickness increases from 0 to 7 cm.

PMID- 13678289
TI  - Progeny enhanced deposition rates primarily from increased particle diffusivity
      at high radon concentrations.
AB  - Prior work found that high 222Rn concentrations produced an enhanced radon
      progeny surface deposition effect (EDE) in a 0.283-m3 electrically grounded
      aluminum test chamber. To study a possible charge mobility effect, we report here
      additional measurements with the chamber lined with nonconducting, insulated
      materials. Specifically, with insulated, chemically clean glass we provide
      results of measurements at a number of 222Rn concentrations past the threshold
      and transition 222Rn levels (up to 60 kBq m(-3)). For EDE it was found at most a
      14% charge mobility deposition effect. Without electrical grounding in the Al
      chamber with +/- 2,000 DC volts applied showed a 10% increase in 218Po surface
      deposition. Ambient and hot (37 degrees C) wetted filter paper to simulate lung
      tissue was measured and showed EDE of the same factor of > or = 2 as for all
      other materials. It is concluded that the enhanced progeny deposition from high
      radon concentration is primarily from a decrease in attached fraction, thus
      reducing progeny mean particle size, and increasing diffusivity and surface
      deposition.

PMID- 13678290
TI  - Network-based real-time radiation monitoring system in Synchrotron Radiation
      Research Center.
AB  - The real-time radiation monitoring system (RMS) in the Synchrotron Radiation
      Research Center (SRRC) has been upgraded significantly during the past years. The
      new framework of the RMS is built on the popular network technology, including
      Ethernet hardware connections and Web-based software interfaces. It features
      virtually no distance limitations, flexible and scalable equipment connections,
      faster response time, remote diagnosis, easy maintenance, as well as many graphic
      user interface software tools. This paper briefly describes the radiation
      environment in SRRC and presents the system configuration, basic functions, and
      some operational results of this real-time RMS. Besides the control of radiation
      exposures, it has been demonstrated that a variety of valuable information or
      correlations could be extracted from the measured radiation levels delivered by
      the RMS, including the changes of operating conditions, beam loss pattern,
      radiation skyshine, and so on. The real-time RMS can be conveniently accessed
      either using the dedicated client program or World Wide Web interface. The
      address of the Web site is http:// www-rms.srrc.gov.tw.

PMID- 13678291
TI  - Radiation streaming and skyshine evaluation for a proposed low-level radioactive
      waste assured isolation facility.
AB  - Texas is investigating the idea of building a long term waste storage facility,
      also known as an Assured Isolation Facility. This is an above-ground, retrievable
      low-level radioactive waste storage facility. A preliminary, scoping-level
      analysis has been extended to consider more complex scenarios of radiation
      streaming and skyshine by using MCNP to model the facility in greater detail.
      Using bounding source term assumptions, the radiation doses and dose rates are
      found to exceed applicable limits by an order of magnitude. By altering the
      facility design to fill in the hollow cores of the prefabricated concrete slabs
      used in the roof over the "high-gamma" rooms where the waste with greatest gamma
      radiation intensity is stored, dose rates outside the facility decrease by an
      order of magnitude. With the modified design, the annual dose at the site
      fenceline is less than the 1 mSv annual limit for exposure of the public. Within
      the site perimeter, modifying the roof results in an order of magnitude drop in
      the dose rate for personnel outside the facility and on the facility roof, as
      well as a significant drop inside the facility. Radiation streaming inside the
      facility can be lowered almost two orders of magnitude by placing operational
      restrictions to keep at least two rows of waste containers in front of the high
      gamma room to cut down on the size of the path for streaming.

PMID- 13678292
TI  - Results of a study to determine the impact of the new dosimetry performance
      standard, N13.11-2001.

PMID- 13678293
TI  - When the "detection efficiency" is not the "detection" efficiency.

PMID- 13678294
TI  - Thermal stability of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinases from Escherichia coli,
      Trypanosoma brucei, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - The quaternary structure of ATP-dependent phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)
      carboxykinases is variable. Thus, the carboxykinases from Escherichia coli,
      Trypanosoma brucei, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae are monomer, homodimer, and
      homotetramer, respectively. In this work, we studied the effect of temperature on
      the stability of the enzyme activity of these three carboxykinases, and have
      found that it follows the order monomer > dimer > tetramer. The inactivation
      processes are first order with respect to active enzyme. The presence of
      substrates leads to an increase in the thermal stability of all three PEP
      carboxykinases. The protection effect of the substrates on the thermal
      inactivation of these enzymes suggests similarities in the substrate-bound form
      of these proteins. We propose that the higher structural complexity of some PEP
      carboxykinases could be related to the acquisition of properties of relevance in
      vivo.

PMID- 13678295
TI  - Recombinant glutamate carboxypeptidase II (prostate specific membrane antigen-
      PSMA)--cellular localization and bioactivity analyses.
AB  - Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II (also known as Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen
      PSMA) is an important marker in the diagnosis of prostate cancer, however,
      relatively little is known about its biochemical and structure-function
      characteristics. We have expressed mutant forms of PSMA and have started to
      address the roles of three putative domains of PSMA in its cellular localization
      and peptidase activity. Three mutants, a full-length recombinant PSMA (rPSMA-FL),
      one expressing only the proposed extracellular domain of PSMA (rPSMA-ECD) and one
      form omitting the proposed transmembrane domain (rPSMA-deltaTMD) have been
      produced in human cells via a mammalian expression vector system. We show that
      rPSMA-FL is associated with the cell surface membrane; so too is rPSMA-deltaTMD
      even though it lacks the proposed transmembrane domain, whereas rPSMA-ECD has a
      cytosolic localization. Only rPSMA-FL retains functional hydrolytic activity and
      is similarly glycosylated to PSMA found in the cultured prostate cancer cell line
      LNCaP.

PMID- 13678296
TI  - Identification of methylation and acetylation sites on mouse histone H3 using
      matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight and nanoelectrospray
      ionization tandem mass spectrometry.
AB  - Covalent modifications to histone proteins are well documented in the literature.
      Specific modification sites are correlated with chromatin structure and
      transcriptional activity. The histone code is very complex, and includes several
      types of covalent modifications such as acetylation, methylation,
      phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of at least 20 possible sites within the
      histone proteins. The final chromatin structure "read-out" is a result of the
      cooperation between these many sites of covalent modifications. Methylation and
      acetylation sites of histone H3 from many different species have been previously
      identified. However, a full post-translational modification status on histone H3
      from mouse has not yet been reported. Here we demonstrate the use of high
      accuracy matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight and
      nanoelectrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry to identify the methylation
      and acetylation sites of the mouse histone H3. In addition to the sites
      previously identified from other species, one unique methylation site, Lys-122,
      from mouse histone H3 was identified. The reported mass spectrometric method
      provides an efficient and sensitive way for analyzing post-translational
      modifications of histone proteins.

PMID- 13678297
TI  - Modeling and docking of the three-dimensional structure of the human melanocortin
      4 receptor.
AB  - A three-dimensional structure of the human melanocortin 4 receptor (hMC4R) is
      constructed in this study using a computer-aided molecular modeling approach.
      Human melanocortin 4 receptor is a G Protein-Coupled Receptor (GPCR). We
      structurally aligned transmembrane helices with bovine rhodopsin transmembrane
      domains, simulated both intracellular and extracellular loop domains on
      homologous loop regions in other proteins of known 3D structure and modeled the C
      terminus on the corresponding part of bovine rhodopsin. Then tandem minimization
      and dynamics calculations were run to refine the crude structure. The simulative
      model was tested by docking with a triplet peptide (RFF) ligand. It was found
      that the ligand is located among transmembrane regions TM3, TM4, TM5, and TM6 of
      hMC4R. In consistence with mutational and biochemical data, binding site is
      mainly formed as a hydrophobic and negatively charged pocket. The model
      constructed here might provide a structural framework for making rational
      predictions in relevant fields.

PMID- 13678298
TI  - Activation of halophilic nucleoside diphosphate kinase by a non-ionic osmolyte,
      trimethylamine N-oxide.
AB  - The folding and activity of halophilic enzymes are believed to require the
      presence of salts at high concentrations. When the inactivated nucleoside
      diphosphate kinase (NDK) from extremely halophilic archaea was incubated with low
      salt media, no activity was regained over the course of 8 days. When it was
      incubated with approximately 2 M NaCl or 3 M KCl, however, it gradually regained
      activity. To our surprise, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) also was able to induce
      activation at 4.0 M. The enzyme activity and secondary structure of refolded NDK
      in 4 M TMAO were comparable with those of the native NDK or the refolded NDK in
      3.8 M NaCl. TMAO is not an electrolyte, meaning that the presence of concentrated
      salts is not an absolute requirement, and that charge shielding or ion binding is
      not a sole factor for the folding and activation of NDK. Although both NaCl and
      TMAO are effective in refolding NDK, the mechanism of their actions appears to be
      different: the effect of protein concentration and pH on refolding is
      qualitatively different between these two, and at pH 8.0 NDK could be refolded in
      the presence of 4 M TMAO only when low concentrations of NaCl are included.

PMID- 13678299
TI  - Enzymatic function of loop movement in enolase: preparation and some properties
      of H159N, H159A, H159F, and N207A enolases.
AB  - The hypothesis that His159 in yeast enolase moves on a polypeptide loop to
      protonate the phosphoryl of 2-phosphoglycerate to initiate its conversion to
      phosphoenolpyruvate was tested by preparing H159N, H159A, and H159F enolases.
      These have 0.07%-0.25% of the native activity under standard assay conditions and
      the pH dependence of maximum velocities of H159A and H159N mutants is markedly
      altered. Activation by Mg2+ is biphasic, with the smaller Mg2+ activation
      constant closer to that of the "catalytic" Mg2+ binding site of native enolase
      and the larger in the mM range in which native enolase is inhibited. A third Mg2+
      may bind to the phosphoryl, functionally replacing proton donation by His159.
      N207A enolase lacks an intersubunit interaction that stabilizes the closed
      loop(s) conformation when 2-phosphoglycerate binds. It has 21% of the native
      activity, also exhibits biphasic Mg2+ activation, and its reaction with the
      aldehyde analogue of the substrate is more strongly inhibited than is its normal
      enzymatic reaction. Polypeptide loop(s) closure may keep a proton from His159
      interacting with the substrate phosphoryl oxygen long enough to stabilize a
      carbanion intermediate.

PMID- 13678300
TI  - The plant invertase inhibitor shares structural properties and disulfide bridges
      arrangement with the pectin methylesterase inhibitor.
AB  - Attempts to purify the inhibitor of pectin methylesterase (PMEI) from the soluble
      extract of ripe apricot (Prunus armeniaca) fruit led to isolation of a protein
      (Pa-INH) similar to PMEI, but having invertase inhibitory activity against
      vacuolar invertase from tomato. The molecular charge, the native and SDS-PAGE
      molecular weights were similar to those of PMEI. Partial amino acid sequence
      indicated a high level of identity with invertase inhibitors and a significant
      identity with PMEI. Circular dichroism analysis showed a mainly alpha-helix
      secondary structure for both the inhibitors and a higher thermostability of Pa
      INH. Four Cys residues forming disulfide bridges in PMEI were conserved in Pa
      INH. Similarly to PMEI, these residues were linked by disulfide bridges (first to
      second and third to fourth). The free Cys139 of PMEI is substituted by Ala in Pa
      INH. The results reported in this study suggest a common structural arrangement
      of the two inhibitors.

PMID- 13678301
TI  - Effect of extraneous zinc on calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase.
AB  - The effect of extraneous zinc on calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase was studied
      for quick reversible binding and slow irreversible binding of zinc ions at
      various concentrations. Under the conditions of slow binding of zinc to CIP
      increasing Zn2+ (less than 1.0 mM, nM/nE 1.0 x 10(6)) inhibited enzymatic
      activity, and further increasing Zn2+ resulted in an increase of activity. For
      quick reversible binding of Zn2+, the effect on CIP activity changed at lower
      concentrations of substrate, indicating a complex cooperativity between Zn2+ and
      pNPP. Both protein intrinsic emission fluorescence and ANS-bound protein
      fluorescence, as well as circular dichroism spectra have shown that the binding
      of zinc ions changed the enzyme conformation, which was the reason for the
      changes in enzyme activity induced by extraneous zinc.

PMID- 13678302
TI  - An enzyme based dechlorination of a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixture,
      Aroclor 1248, using glutathione S-transferases from the northern quahog
      Mercenaria mercenaria.
AB  - The glutathione S-transferases from the northern quahog (Mercenaria mercenaria)
      from control and contaminated sites were subjected to incubation with
      polychlorinated biphenyls in an Aroclor 1248 mixture. Subsequent solvent-solvent
      extraction and gas chromatographic analysis revealed that 2 of the 28 congeners
      present in the Aroclor 1248 mixture were affected by the presence of the GST. The
      first of the aforementioned congeners with a retention time of 36.7 min by gas
      chromatographic analysis decreased in total content. The largest decrease in the
      36.7 min peak was the result of incubation with GSTs purified from quahogs taken
      from the Superfund site in New Bedford Harbor, New Bedford, MA. The second of the
      affected congeners with a retention time of 59 min showed an increase, which
      could result from the glutathione conjugation to the PCB congener. The Aroclor
      1248 mixture (a limited number of its constituent congeners) also acts as a
      competitive inhibitor of the GST activity, which is indicative of a substance
      interacting with the free GST in solution. The ultimate result of the conjugation
      of the PCB congener to GSH would be the formation of a hydrophillic conjugate of
      an otherwise insoluble PCB. The PCB-GSH conjugating activity of the quahog GSTs
      may ultimately serve as a tool for PCB remediation.

PMID- 13678303
TI  - Photothermal studies of pH induced unfolding of apomyoglobin.
AB  - Conformational dynamic and enthalpy changes associated with pH induced unfolding
      of apomyoglobin were studied using photoacoustic calorimetry and photothermal
      beam deflection methods. The transition between the native state and the I
      intermediate was induced by a nanosecond pH jump from o-nitrobenzaldehyde
      photolysis. Deconvolution of photoacoustic waves indicates two kinetic processes.
      The fast phase (T < 50 ns) is characterized by a volume expansion of 8.8 ml mol(
      1). This process is followed by a volume contraction of about -22 ml mol(-1) (tau
      approximately 500 ns). Photothermal beam deflection measurements do not reveal
      any volume changes on the time scale between approximately 100 micros and 5 ms.
      We associate the volume contraction with structural changes occurring during the
      transition between the native state and the I intermediate. The lack of any
      processes on the ms time scale may indicate the absence of structural events
      involving larger conformational changes of apomyoglobin after the pH jump.

PMID- 13678305
TI  - Lung transplantation. Recipient selection.
AB  - Since international recommendations for lung transplant recipients were made in
      1998, newer tools for predicting mortality in patients who have end-stage lung
      disease have been investigated. This article reviews studies for predicting
      mortality in obstructive, restrictive, pulmonary vascular, and
      suppurative/bronchiectatic lung disease. Newer considerations for alternative
      treatments, postoperative risks, and contraindications are also examined. The
      article aims to provide more accurate data for selecting patients who will
      benefit from lung transplantation.

PMID- 13678304
TI  - Application of pseudo amino acid composition for predicting protein subcellular
      location: stochastic signal processing approach.
AB  - The function of a protein is closely correlated with its subcellular location.
      With the success of human genome project and the rapid increase in the number of
      newly found protein sequences entering into data banks, it is highly desirable to
      develop an automated method for predicting the subcellular location of proteins.
      The establishment of such a predictor will no doubt expedite the functionality
      determination of newly found proteins and the process of prioritizing genes and
      proteins identified by genomics efforts as potential molecular targets for drug
      design. Based on the concept of pseudo amino acid composition originally proposed
      by K. C. Chou (Proteins: Struct. Funct. Genet. 43: 246-255, 2001), the digital
      signal processing approach has been introduced to partially incorporate the
      sequence order effect. One of the remarkable merits by doing so is that many
      existing tools in mathematics and engineering can be straightforwardly used in
      predicting protein subcellular location. The results thus obtained are quite
      encouraging. It is anticipated that the digital signal processing may serve as a
      useful vehicle for many other protein science areas as well.

PMID- 13678306
TI  - Lung transplantation. Donor selection.
AB  - The demand for donor lungs currently exceeds the supply of suitable grafts by a
      significant margin. Legal backgrounds and organizational and logistic issues are
      of major impact on the available donor pool. Re-evaluation of the donor criteria
      currently in use and new, innovative approaches such as living donor lung
      transplantation and non-heart-beating donation will hopefully contribute to
      improve this situation and reduce waiting time and waiting list mortality.

PMID- 13678307
TI  - Lung transplantation. Lung preservation.
AB  - Over the past decade, improvements in the technique of lung preservation have led
      to significant reduction in the incidence of ischemia-reperfusion-induced lung
      injury after lung transplantation. The challenge remains to improve the number of
      donor lungs available for transplantation. While the number of patients on the
      waiting list is constantly increasing, only 10% to 30% of donor lungs are
      currently being used for transplantation. Hence, the development of new
      strategies to assess, repair, and improve the quality of the lungs could have a
      tremendous impact on the number of transplants performed. In addition, an
      improved understanding of the mechanisms involved in lung preservation might help
      elucidate the potential link between acute lung injury and chronic graft
      dysfunction. In the future, genetic analysis using novel technologies such as
      microarray analysis will help researchers determine which genes control the
      injury seen in the transplantation process. Hopefully, this information will
      provide new insights into the mechanisms of injury and reveal potential new
      strategies and targets for therapies to improve lung preservation.

PMID- 13678308
TI  - Technical considerations in lung transplantation.
AB  - The technical aspects of lung transplantation have been refined over the past two
      decades. Anomalous donor anatomy and suboptimal harvests do not preclude
      transplantation, but they must be appropriately dealt with to ensure good
      outcomes. New techniques have been developed to increase the donor pool.
      Techniques for recipient pneumonectomy and graft implantation have been
      optimized, and ways of dealing with difficult exposures and anatomic variants
      have been designed. Novel methods for prevention of ischemia-reperfusion injury
      have been developed based on experimental studies, but more complete clinical
      scrutiny is needed to determine their impact.

PMID- 13678309
TI  - Pediatric lung transplantation.
AB  - Lung transplantation usually provides prolongation and marked improvement in
      quality of life in patients who would otherwise die from end-stage pulmonary
      disease. Many questions remain unanswered and important deterrents exist to long
      term survival of these patients. Included in the list of challenges for the
      future are (1) means of increasing the donor pool by better donor identification,
      (2) use of adjunctive therapies that might not only enhance the quality of
      preservation but also extend the safe period of ischemia. (3) innovative
      strategies such as use of non-heart-beating donors and living donor lung
      transplantation, and (4) research into the prevention and treatment of OB. While
      gene therapy and other interventions are important opportunities on the horizon
      that might eventually preclude the need for transplantation, optimizing our
      current understanding of lung transplantation provides the only survival
      opportunity for patients who are incapacitated with a variety of terminal lung
      diseases. The spectrum of diseases being treated and the potential for
      rehabilitation not only separates pediatric lung transplant recipients from their
      adult counterparts, it also provides unique challenges and opportunities in what
      is a fascinating patient population.

PMID- 13678310
TI  - Living lobar transplantation.
AB  - Although cadaveric transplantation remains the preferred option for patients who
      have end-stage lung disease, living lobar transplantation provides organ
      availability that can be life saving in severely ill pediatric and adult patients
      who will either die or become unsuitable recipients before a cadaveric organ
      becomes available. In addition, living lobar transplantation provides acceptable
      long-term survival when compared with recipients of cadaveric grafts; however,
      because this procedure presents risks to two healthy donors, appropriate
      recipient and donor selection and timing of transplantation are critical to
      minimize the morbidity to the donor and maximize the chance of a successful
      outcome in the recipient. The results of the authors' experience have
      demonstrated that the donor procedure is safe, well tolerated physiologically,
      and that the great majority of donors are extremely satisfied with their decision
      to donate. Although there have been no deaths in the donor cohort, a risk of
      death between 0.5% to 1% should be quoted pending further data. These encouraging
      results are important if this procedure is to be considered as an option at more
      pulmonary transplant centers in view of the institutional, regional, and intra-
      and international differences in the philosophical and ethical acceptance of the
      use of live organ donors for transplantation.

PMID- 13678311
TI  - Acute allograft rejection after lung transplantation: diagnosis and therapy.
AB  - Acute rejection remains a significant problem after lung transplantation. While
      it generally is a treatable condition, significant resources and therapies are
      directed toward its prevention and resolution. Its larger significance
      undoubtedly rests in its contribution to the pathogenesis of BOS. Significant
      questions regarding the origins of AR, the role of LBB, alternative histologic
      appearances of acute allograft injury, and optimal therapy remain. Controversy
      regarding the utility of surveillance bronchoscopy and preemptive treatment of
      occult AR persists because of lack of conclusive evidence. Future investigations
      might resolve these matters and provide more efficacious and less toxic therapies
      that will hopefully reduce the impact of chronic rejection and improve long-term
      outcomes.

PMID- 13678312
TI  - Lung transplantation. Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome.
AB  - BOS remains a difficult problem to control following lung transplantation,
      largely because of uncertainties regarding the underlying mechanisms that are
      responsible for it. Continued work on the pathogenesis of BOS is essential. The
      progressive nature and poor outlook when BOS stage 3 is reached indicates that
      current strategies should be focused on prevention and early intervention. There
      is a great need for randomized, controlled trials on intervention if the
      international transplant community is to make progress in this area.

PMID- 13678313
TI  - Lung transplantation. Xenotransplantation.
AB  - The continued and growing success of lung allotransplantation has intensified the
      worldwide shortage of donor organs. Yet, xenotransplantation remains a daunting
      challenge. Additional molecular incompatibilities and unforeseen complications
      will continue to be discovered. Progress has been made, notably on the generation
      of alpha-Gal double knockout pigs. Progressive increases in organ survival times
      have been seen for most organs after significant investments of time and money.
      The lung continues to be an organ with the lowest supply of cadaveric donors and
      the least potential for expanded living donation or mechanical alternatives. As
      such, the impetus for xenotransplantation is strong. The lung appears to be
      exquisitely sensitive to xenograft rejection and resistant to strategies that
      have been moderately successful in other organs. A complex program involving
      genetically modified donor organs, recipient preparation for antibody removal or
      tolerance promotion, and multitargeted drug therapy will likely be required for
      successful clinical application.

PMID- 13678314
TI  - Quantification of p21 gene expression in Caco-2 cells treated with sodium
      butyrate using real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assay.
AB  - Butyric acid, a short chain fatty-acid derived from bacterial fermentation of
      complex carbohydrates in the large intestine has been shown to be a growth
      inhibitory in many colon cancer cell lines. Butyrate induced inhibition of
      cellular proliferation is considered to result from the induction of P21 gene
      expression through the activation of this gene transcription. P21 is an inhibitor
      of cyclin-dependent protein kinases that are required for the cells to enter the
      DNA synthesis phase. In the present study the kinetics of the changes of the P21
      transcription in Caco-2 colon adenocarcinoma cells treated with various
      concentrations of sodium butyrate was determined using a novel real-time
      quantitative RT-PCR (TaqMan) technique. Beta-actin mRNA and GAPDH mRNA levels
      were used as the endogenous references. Colonocytes were incubated with sodium
      butyrate at concentrations of 5 mM, 10 mM and 20 mM for 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h.
      The results of this study indicated that butyrate strongly induced P21 gene
      expression as early as 3 h after treatment. Characteristic patterns of time
      dependent changes of the target gene expression were observed. The increases in
      P21 mRNA level were generally more pronounced at higher butyrate concentrations.
      Because Caco-2 cells are lacking the wild allele of the P53 gene, the present
      results support the hypothesis that butyrate induces P21 gene expression by P53
      independent mechanism.

PMID- 13678315
TI  - The effect of sulphasalazine and its metabolites on the colonic epithelial Caco-2
      cells.
AB  - Sulphaselazine (SAS) is a drug commonly used to treat patients suffering from
      chronic inflammatory states such as inflammatory bowel diseases. It was shown
      that besides bacteriostatic, antiinflammatory and immunosuppressive activity of
      this drug, the risk of neoplastic changes in the colon and rectum was
      substantially diminished during ulcerative colitis therapy with SAS. In the
      present study the effects of SAS and its main metabolites--sulphapyridine (SP)
      and 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) on colon adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cells viability
      and proliferation was evaluated. Significant inhibitory impact of SAS was
      observed already at 1 mM concentration whereas 5-ASA and SP impaired cellular
      growth when used at 5 mM concentration. 5 mM SAS exerted a strong cytotoxic
      effect on Caco-2 cells resulting in their necrotic death. The inhibition of
      cellular proliferation and the cytotoxic effects of SAS and its metabolites (5
      ASA and SP) on the colonic carcinoma cells (Caco-2) confirm the suggestions that
      these compounds at appropriate concentrations may reduce the risk of neoplastic
      changes frequently initiated by prolonged inflammatory states.

PMID- 13678316
TI  - Phosphate prodrugs of isophosphoramide mustard.
AB  - Dibenzylphosphorobenzyl and phosphorobenzyl analogues of isophosphoramide
      mustard, an active metabolite of ifosfamide were synthesized. Phosphorobenzyl
      analogue posseses stronger cytotoxic activity than isophosphoroamide mustard
      against the cells of several cancer cell lines suggesting the possibility of the
      use of this compound in Gene-Directed Enzyme-Prodrug Therapy (GDEPT).

PMID- 13678317
TI  - Methods for the assessment of quality and stability of azidocillin.
AB  - UV and VIS spectrophotometric methods, after previous chromatographic separation
      (TLC/UV) and iodometric methods were adapted for the determination of azidocillin
      in presence of its breakdown products. These methods were applied for kinetic
      measurement of changes in the azidocillin concentration with time in water
      solutions and solid state. Using thin layer chromatography several decomposition
      products of azidocillin were detected.

PMID- 13678318
TI  - Practical use of DD-peptidase 64-575 for the assay of inhibition activity of
      natural and synthetic beta-lactam compounds.
AB  - DD-peptidase 64-575 is produced by Saccharopolyspora erythrea PZH TZ 64-575. This
      enzyme is very sensitive to beta-lactam antibiotics. It could be used to assay
      the affinity of natural and synthetic beta-lactam compounds. In this paper an
      enzymatic method is described for investigation of synthetic, insoluble in water
      beta-lactams.

PMID- 13678319
TI  - New carbocyclic lexitropsins with dinitromustard as N-terminal fragment.
      Inhibition of topoisomerases.
AB  - A series of carbocyclic lexitropsins was evaluated for their capacity to inhibit
      human topoisomerases I and II. The synthesized compounds were carbocyclic
      oligopeptides with dinitromustard as N-terminal fragment. In the topoisomerases I
      and II assays, the relaxation of DNA were inhibited with all four compounds. This
      inhibition was directly proportional to the compound concentration.

PMID- 13678320
TI  - Stability of mycophenolic acid in plasma samples from patients during
      mycophenolate mofetil therapy.
AB  - The aim of this study was to investigate the stability of mycophenolic acid (MPA)
      in human plasma from patients receiving mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) therapy. MPA
      was measured using a validated HPLC method. MPA concentrations were determined
      immediately after receiving the samples in the laboratory, and after 24 h, 72 h,
      96 h, 7, 14, 21 days of storage at two different temperatures at -20 degrees C
      and 4 degrees C. The number of samples used in different conditions of
      temperature was limited by plasma volume in patients specimens. Monitoring human
      plasma samples stored at -20 degrees C showed that MPA was stable at this
      temperature for at least 3 weeks. MPA concentrations were found to be stable also
      up to 96 hours when stored at 4 degrees C.

PMID- 13678321
TI  - Application of the rough sets theory in structure activity relationship of
      antielectrostatic ammonium compounds.
AB  - The relationships between the chemical structure and the antielectrostatic effect
      of 112 ammonium compounds were analysed using the method of rough sets. The
      antielectrostatic activity was determined by measurements of the maximum voltage
      induced. Using the rough sets approach the smallest set of condition attributes
      significant for high quality of classification has been found. The resulting
      decision rules describe relations between the structure and the antielectrostatic
      properties of ammonium chlorides in terms of significant condition attributes.
      This may be helpful in predicting the structures of the new antielectrostatic
      compounds to be synthesized.

PMID- 13678322
TI  - Molecular structure of some 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone derivatives.
AB  - It is generally accepted that the specific, energetically preferred conformation
      of a compound decides on the nature of interactions with pharmacological
      receptor. Therefore it is of basic importance to get an insight into such
      molecular parameters as charge distribution, most preferred conformations or the
      distances between specified points within a molecule. The structure of some 3
      amino-2-oxazolidinone derivatives with the aid of NMR spectroscopy (13C and 15N)
      and X-ray analysis was investigated. Analysis of AS-8 structure revealed that the
      crystals of hydrochloride salt are built up of cation-anion pairs and
      crystallized with molecule of water. The results allowed to identify the primary
      place of the molecule interaction with an acid residue within putative receptor
      site.

PMID- 13678323
TI  - Preliminary evaluation of CNS effects of 6-O-substituted chelidonine derivatives.
AB  - Eleven new derivatives of chelidonine I, obtained by functionalization of the
      alkaloid hydroxyl group, have been tested for CNS activity in mice exhibiting
      statistically significant effects.

PMID- 13678324
TI  - Liposomal formulation of idarubicin.

PMID- 13678325
TI  - A study on the stereochemical purity of trandolapril and octahydro-1H-indole-2
      carboxylic acid by HPLC method.
AB  - HPLC conditions for the identification of stereoisomers and stereochemical purity
      of the key intermediate in Trandolapril synthesis, octahydro-1H-indole-2
      carboxylic acid, and final drug were elaborated. The chemical and stereochemical
      purity of synthetic Trandolapril was proved to be as high as 99.3-99.8%, on both
      non chiral and chiral RP-columns.

PMID- 13678326
TI  - Synthesis, physicochemical properties and biological activity of 2,6
      disubstituted 7-methylpurines and the 7,9-dialkyl analogues.
AB  - The preparation of several derivatives of 2,6-disubstituted-7-methylpurines and
      the 7,9-dialkyl analogues possessing a potential cytotoxic or cytostatic activity
      has been described. These compounds were tested for biological activity using a
      method for the determination of the toxic effects of chemical compounds on the
      growth of green alga Chlorella vulgaris, Beijerinck 1890. The effective
      concentration (EC50) was calculated.

PMID- 13678327
TI  - Synthesis, immunological activity and theoretical study of new 5-substituted 3
      methylisoxazole[5,4-d] 1,2,3-triazin-4-one derivatives.
AB  - A new series of 5-substituted 3-methylisoxazole[5,4-d] 1,2,3-triazin-4-one
      derivatives was prepared and investigated. The immunological activities of the
      studied compounds were investigated in two murine models of the immune response
      to sheep erythrocytes (SRBC)--the humoral immune response and delayed type
      hypersensitivity (DTH). Quantum-chemical calculations were carried out using AM1,
      a semiempirical method for geometry optimization, estimation of descriptors
      values and localization of the HOMO and LUMO orbitals.

PMID- 13678328
TI  - Photo- and radiostability of some 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives in the solid
      state.
AB  - The effect of UV (254 nm) and beta-irradiation at doses 10-100 kGy on physical
      and chemical properties of four 1,4-dihydropyridyne derivatives in the solid
      state (nifedipine, nitrendipine, felodipine and nimodipine) has been studied. It
      has been established that the irradiation causes the appearance of free radicals
      (EPR) and decomposition products (TLC, GC), a decrease in the melting point (DSC)
      and the content (GLC, IR) and an increase in microbiological purity. The changes
      appear faster under the effect of UV than by beta-irradiation and their intensity
      and character depend on the derivative and dose. The most sensitive to UV
      irradiation is nifedipine (about 300 times more sensitive than the most resistant
      nimodipine), while the most sensitive to beta-irradiation is felodipine (about
      twice as sensitive as the most resistant nitrendipine). The results of our study
      indicate that 1,4-dihydropyridyne derivatives in solid state can be safely
      subjected to sterilization by beta-irradiation at doses < 20 kGy.

PMID- 13678329
TI  - Estrogens--male hormones?
AB  - The cytochrome P450 aromatase is the terminal enzyme responsible for the
      irreversible transformation of androgens into estrogens; it is present in the
      endoplasmic reticulum membrane of cells and rather ubiquitous in its
      localization. The aromatase gene is unique in humans and its expression is
      regulated in a cell-specific manner via the alternative use of various promoters
      located in the first exon I of the CYP19 gene. The aromatase gene expression and
      its translation into a fully active protein have been shown in most of the
      testicular cells including germ cells as well as in the epithelial cells of the
      epididymis in mammals. Together with the widespread distribution of estrogen
      receptors (ERalpha and ERbeta) in the genital tract of the male, a physiological
      role for estrogens in the regulation of mammalian reproductive functions
      including the regulation of gonadotropin feedback, is now well recognized.
      Moreover, in men the aromatase deficiency is associated with severe bone
      maturation problems, alterations of lipid and sugar metabolism and sterility; but
      conversely an excess of estrogens is responsible for the impairment of
      spermatogenesis. In addition, estrogens play an important role in the control of
      osteoporosis and of atherosclerosis, especially in elderly men. Consequently,
      estradiol seems to be a critical factor not only for normal reproduction (at
      least for maturation and survival of germ cells) but also for various
      physiological processes and thus, estrogens should be now considered as "male
      hormones".

PMID- 13678330
TI  - Protein distorsion-derived mechanism of signal discrimination in monocytes
      revealed using Congo red to stain activated cells.
AB  - The supramolecular dye Congo red was used to check whether monocyte activation
      may be mediated by a torsion-dependent mechanism preventing transduction of weak
      random signals in cell contacts in a way corresponding to the discrimination
      mechanism found in complement fixation by immune complexes. Tight cell-cell
      contacts generating torsional effects may be expected to produce alteration of
      receptor structure, making them accessible for binding of supramolecular dyes. In
      this study, Congo red was used to observe the binding accessibility of (1)
      monocytes (human) induced by contact with cancer cells (HCV29T, human), (2)
      monocytes (mouse) stimulated by interaction with heat-aggregated IgG and (3)
      monocytes (mouse) activated by rosetting in the presence of an SRBC-anti-SRBC
      system. Microscopic studies confirmed the activation of monocytes manifested by
      their clustering and Congo red binding, but only tightly clustered cells appeared
      to attach the dye on the surface. Usually not the whole cell surface is found to
      be engaged in dye complexation. Staining occurs predominantly on the interfaces
      of reacting cells, making probable the suggestion that cell adhesion receptors
      are involved in dye binding. The cells in the central areas of tight clusters
      undergo accelerated death. In the presence of Congo red they are easily
      recognized as intensely fluorescent. The characteristic localization of dead
      cells in the central area of clusters indicates that death is not random but
      results from cell activation. The role of Congo red in this process remains to be
      clarified. The staining characteristics of monocytes after application of Congo
      red probably discloses the initial step in signal transduction generated by
      torsional movements in receptor proteins.

PMID- 13678331
TI  - Sperm mitochondria of patients with normal sperm motility and with
      asthenozoospermia: morphological and functional study.
AB  - Studies were performed on ejaculated human spermatozoa (32 subjects with normal
      sperm motility and 25 subjects with low sperm motility). Morphology of sperm
      midpiece was evaluated in light, fluorescent and transmission or scanning
      electron microscope. Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (delta(psi)m)
      and mass of mitochondria were analysed by flow cytometry using mitochondrial
      specific probes JC-1 and Mito Tracker Green FM. Moreover, oxidoreductive
      capability of sperm mitochondria was assessed using cytochemical reaction for
      NADH-dependent dehydrogenases. In flow cytometry analysis of JC-1-stained
      spermatozoa, two asthenozoospermic subpopulations were distinguished: patients
      with a high percentage (76 +/- 11%, 13 subjects) and patients with a low
      percentage (29 +/- 14%,12 subjects) of spermatozoa with functional-polarized
      mitochondria with high delta(psi)m. Our microscopic investigations of spermatozoa
      of seven asthenozoospermic patients reveal that the deformed and unusually
      thickened sperm midpieces (50-70% of cells), occasionally with persistent
      cytoplasmic droplet, contain supernumerary mitochondria with normal substructure,
      full oxidoreductive capability and high delta(psi)m. The midpiece deformations
      cause nonprogressive movement or immotility. They can also appear in smaller
      number of spermatozoa (5-35% of cells) in patients with normal sperm motility.
      Moreover, in three cases of asthenozoospermia midpiece malformations were
      accompanied by abnormal morphology of outer dense fibers and axoneme. The
      cytochemical, fluorescence and SEM studies showed the absence of midpieces in
      many (60-80%) spermatozoa in some other cases of asthenozoospermia. The
      morphological observations corresponded with flow cytometry analysis of Mito
      Tracker Green FM-stained spermatozoa. Our results suggest that in some cases of
      asthenozoospermia the sperm mitochondria can be functionally active and display
      high delta(psi)m in large number of cells. The results may suggest that
      asthenozoospermia does not necessarily result from energetic disturbances of
      sperm mitochondria. The low sperm motility may be associated with deformations of
      the mitochondrial sheath containing functional mitochondria. The combination of
      fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry with electron microscopic
      investigations is a sensitive, precise and comprehensive examination which helps
      discover sperm abnormalities responsible for asthenozoospermia.

PMID- 13678332
TI  - Demonstration of nerve fibers immunoreactive to peptide N-terminal histidine C
      terminal isoleucine (PHI) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in the pig
      pineal gland.
AB  - The pineal functions are modulated by some neuropeptides including PHI and VIP.
      The presence of PHI-immunoreactive and VIP-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the
      pineal gland has been shown in several mammalian species. Both peptides influence
      the pineal serotonin N-acetyltransferase activity and melatonin synthesis. The
      aim of the present study was to examine the localization of PHI- and VIP
      immunoreactive nerve fibers in the pig pineal gland. Four three-month old female
      pigs housed in natural light conditions, with free access to food and water, were
      used in the study. The pineals were fixed by perfusion with 4% paraformaldehyde
      in 0.1 M phosphate buffer. An immunohistochemical ABC streptavidin-biotin-complex
      method was used for the demonstration of PHI and VIP. PHI- and VIP-immunopositive
      nerve fibers were found in the pineal gland as well as in the habenular and
      posterior commissural areas. In the pineal gland, the density of PHI
      immunoreactive nerve fibers was considerably higher than that of the fibers
      containing VIP. PHI- and VIP-immunopositive nerve fibers were more abundant in
      the cortical than in the medullary part of the gland. The nerve fibers formed
      bundles in the pineal capsule, from where they penetrated to the connective
      tissue septa and formed a dense meshwork surrounding blood vessels. In the
      parenchyma, PHI- and VIP-immunoreactive nerve terminals created baskets around
      clusters of pinealocytes. No PHI- or VIP-immunopositive cells were found in the
      pig pineal gland.

PMID- 13678333
TI  - Comparison of PTHrP expression in the epididymis of juvenile and adult European
      bisons.
AB  - The aim of the present study was to compare the expression of PTHrP in the
      epididymes of adult European bisons, and 12- and 5-month-old calves. The highest
      PTHrP expression was observed in adult animals in muscle cells and endothelium of
      large vessels, and in muscle cells of the epididymal duct. In one-year-old
      calves, the reaction was weaker than in adult bulls, being the weakest in 5-month
      old calves. However, in small vessels of adult animals, in vascular cells and
      smooth muscle cells the reaction for PTHrP was considerably weak, being weaker in
      one-year-old calves, and negative in 5-month-old calves. A similar trace reaction
      was observed in muscle cells of the epididymal duct in 5- and 12-month-old
      calves. The present study has revealed that PTHrP expression in vascular and
      extravascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells in European bison is
      correlated with the animal age and size of the organ.

PMID- 13678334
TI  - Application of fluorescein-labelled lectins with different glycan-binding
      specificities to the studies of cellular glycoconjugates in human full-term
      placenta.
AB  - In the present study 13 lectins of plant, fungal and animal origin, characterised
      by different glycan-binding specificities were used to examine the structure and
      distribution of specific glycans in the tissues of human placenta. Histochemical
      analysis was focused on villi (villous syncytiotrophoblast and stroma),
      cytotrophoblast of the basal plate and amniotic epithelium. It was found that
      glycoconjugates containing mannose and N-acetyl glucosamine were widely expressed
      while external fucosyl residues were absent on all studied structures of
      placenta. Lectins GNA (revealing non-reducing terminal mannosyl residues) and LPA
      (revealing sialic acid) bound selectively to the villus structures. The presence
      of sialic acid residues was observed in the superficial plasmalemma of
      syncytiotrophoblast and on the surface of the foetal capillary endothelium.
      Lectins LCA and PSA showed specific affinity to the plasmalemma of the
      cytotrophoblast and to the amniotic epithelium basement membrane. N-acetyl
      lactosamine-specific fungal lectin PSL selectively labelled amniotic epithelial
      and cytotrophoblast cell membranes and superficial plasmalemma of the
      syncytiotrophoblast.

PMID- 13678335
TI  - Inhibition of cathepsin B activity in human breast cancer tissue by cysteine
      peptidase inhibitor isolated from human placenta: immunohistochemical and
      biochemical studies.
AB  - Cysteine peptidases and their endogenous inhibitors (CPI) have been shown to be
      involved in tumor progression and metastasis. Since their activity has been found
      to be changed in tumor tissue and/or body fluids of cancer patients, the
      determination of the peptidase/inhibitor levels is considered as a procedure of
      diagnostic value. Determination of cathepsin B, its precursor and inhibitor
      activity in homogenates of tumors and control breast tissue samples of patients
      with invasive ductal and lobular breast carcinoma and with benign breast disease
      (BBD) was performed using fluorometric assay. Immunohistochemical staining of the
      breast tissue samples was carried out using polyclonal antibody against cysteine
      peptidase inhibitor isolated from human placenta. Procathepsin B and cathepsin B
      were found to be significantly increased and their endogenous inhibitors
      decreased in homogenates of tumors from patients with breast cancer. A
      correlation between procathepsin B or cathepsin B activities as well as cysteine
      peptidase inhibitor activity and the histopathological grading of the tumor was
      observed. All samples of the tumor tissue showed positive immunostaining with
      antibody raised against cysteine peptidase inhibitor, while in the control tissue
      samples the immunostaining was much weaker. Significant difference observed
      between the activities of cathepsin B and/or its precursor in malignant and
      benign tumors might serve as a useful clinical indicator in discrimination
      between benign and invasive tumors.

PMID- 13678336
TI  - Replicon size and the dynamics of DNA replication during staurosporine- and
      vanadate-stimulated endo-S phases in primary roots of Pisum sativum.
AB  - Using immunocytochemistry of BrdUrd-labeled cells and 3H-thymidine DNA fiber
      autoradiography, the effects of staurosporine (a potent inhibitor of cyclin
      dependent kinases, CDKs) and sodium metavanadate (an inhibitor of protein
      phosphatases) on DNA endoreplication were investigated in primary roots of Pisum
      sativum. The increased values of labeling indices suggest that CDK inhibitors
      create favorable conditions to permit a considerably greater number of cell
      nuclei to assemble pre-replicative complexes and, consequently, to commence DNA
      endoreplication. However, an opposite effect associated with decreased activity
      od S phase-specific CDKs seems responsible for rearranged programme of DNA
      synthesis, including the appearance of extended origin-to-origin distances and
      the slowed rates of replication fork movement.

PMID- 13678338
TI  - Radioprotection of Swiss albino mice by plant extract Mentha piperita (Linn.).
AB  - The oral administration of Mentha extract (ME) before exposure to gamma radiation
      was found to be effective in increasing the frequency of radiation-induced
      endogenous spleen colonies. A significant increase in the weight of the spleen
      was observed in animals of the Mentha and radiation combined group in comparison
      to the irradiation-alone group on day 10 of postirradiation. Furthermore, a
      significant increase in the body weight of animals in the Mentha and radiation
      combined group was observed in all the radiation doses studied. A regression
      analysis of survival data yielded LD50/30 as 6.48 +/- 0.07 and 11.59 +/- 0.21 Gy
      for the irradiation-alone and the Mentha and radiation combined group,
      respectively, and produced a dose reduction factor (DRF) of 1.78. Significant
      increases in total erythrocyte and leucocyte counts, hemoglobin concentration,
      and hematocrit values were observed in the animals of the Mentha and radiation
      combined group in comparison to the hematological values observed in the
      irradiation-alone group at all radiation doses studied (6, 8, and 10 Gy). A dose
      dependent decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) content and an increase in lipid
      peroxidation (LPO) levels were observed in control animals. However, the animals
      of the Mentha and radiation combined group exhibited a significant increase in
      GSH content and a decrease in LPO level, but the values remained below normal. A
      significant increase in the serum alkaline phosphatase activity was observed in
      the animals of the Mentha and radiation combined group during the entire period
      of study, and normal range was evident at 24 h (6 Gy) and day 5 (8 Gy). However,
      this level could not be restored even at day 30 in 10 Gy exposed animals.
      Measured acid phosphatase activity in the animals of the Mentha and radiation
      combined group was found to be significantly lower than the respective controls
      and attained normal value at day 5 (6 and 8 Gy) and day 20 (10 Gy).

PMID- 13678337
TI  - Elevation of antioxidant enzymes in the clinical effects of radon and thermal
      therapy for bronchial asthma.
AB  - An increased systemic production of oxygen-free radicals by activated
      inflammatory cells is thought to be involved in the pathophysiology of asthma.
      The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical effects of radon and thermal
      therapy on asthma in relation to antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxide. Radon
      and thermal therapy were performed once a week. All subjects went to a hot
      bathroom with a high concentration of radon, and nasal inhalation of vapor from a
      hot spring was performed for 40 min once a day under conditions of high humidity.
      The room temperature was 48 degrees C; the room radon concentration was 2,080
      Bq/m3. Blood samples were collected at 2 h, 14, and 28 days after the first
      therapy. A blood sample also was collected before the first therapy (at body
      temperature and background radon level) to be used as the control. The forced
      expiratory volume in one second (%FEV1) was significantly increased 28 days after
      the first therapy. On day 28, the catalase (CAT) activity was significantly
      increased in comparison with the control. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity
      was significantly increased compared to the control after first inhalation. On
      days 14 and 28, the lipid peroxide level was significantly decreased in
      comparison with the control. In conclusion, the present pilot study has shown
      that radon and thermal therapy improved the pulmonary function of asthmatics by
      increasing the reduced activities of antioxidant enzymes.

PMID- 13678339
TI  - The protective effect of fermented milk kefir on radiation-induced apoptosis in
      colonic crypt cells of rats.
AB  - To evaluate the effect of fermented milk kefir on X-ray-induced apoptosis in the
      colon of rats, we examined the apoptotic index, the mean number of apoptotic
      cells detected by H&E staining per crypt in the colon, in control rats and kefir
      pretreated rats drinking kefir for 12 days before irradiation. Apoptotic cells
      were confirmed by TUNEL staining, and active caspase-3 expression was studied by
      immunohistochemistry. The cell position of apoptotic cells and active caspase-3
      positive cells were examined. The apoptotic index of kefir-treated rats was
      significantly (p < 0.05) decreased 2 h after 1 Gy irradiation in comparison with
      control rats at crypt cell positions 1-3, 5-7, 13, and 15. Active caspase-3
      expression in the kefir-treated rats was also significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in
      comparison with control rats 2 h after 1 Gy irradiation at crypt cell positions 1
      4, 13, and 15. This study indicated that kefir protects colonic crypt cells
      against radiation-induced apoptosis, which was most pronounced in the stem cell
      region of the crypt. The antiapoptotic effect of fermented milk kefir was due to
      the inhibition of caspase-3 activation.

PMID- 13678340
TI  - Disappearance of nuclear binding proteins specifically bound to the upstream
      region of the interleukin-1beta gene immediately after irradiation of mouse
      macrophages.
AB  - Immediately after X-irradiation, monocytic cells can express the gene for
      interleukin (IL)-1beta, which enhances inflammation and contributes to
      radioprotection in mice. In order to analyze the mechanism(s) for the immediate
      early induction of IL-1beta after X-irradiation at 20 Gy in cultured murine
      macrophages, we examined the molecules that bound to the DNA fragments
      corresponding to the upstream region of 10 kb of the mouse IL-1beta gene using an
      electrophoretic mobility-shift assay. Three DNA fragments corresponding to the
      8,500, 8,000 and 2,500 bases upstream of the gene showed an unique binding site
      with the nuclear extract. Specific binding activity with these DNA fragments was
      observed in the nuclear extract from non-irradiated cells, and disappeared upon a
      pretreatment of the extract with proteinase K. The binding activity was not
      detected in the nuclear extract from irradiated cells. This shows that protein(s)
      specifically binding to the far-upstream regions of the IL-1beta gene disappear
      immediately after X-irradiation in the nuclei of macrophage cells, and that the
      event is potentially related to the immediate-early response of IL-1beta gene
      expression.

PMID- 13678341
TI  - The specific induction of osteosarcomas in different mouse strains after
      injections of 239Pu citrate.
AB  - Lifetime bone tumor induction by the injection of a bone-seeking alpha emitter,
      239Pu citrate, was compared among 630 female mice from three strains (C3H/He,
      C57BL/6 and B6C3F1) showing different genetic backgrounds for carcinogenesis.
      Bone tumors, mostly osteosarcomas, appeared early during the period from 200 to
      600 days after the injection, showing an almost similar dose responsiveness with
      a peak incidence of 50% to 63% at skeletal doses of 2-3 Gy, in all mouse strains.
      The primary sites of bone tumors from these strains were also predominantly
      distributed in 80% to 90% of the skeletal bones, which had well-developed
      trabecular bone surfaces and large vascular sinusoids. The frequency of lymphoid
      neoplasms was significantly lower than the control values, and some appeared
      earlier at the higher injected doses than those of the controls. Fewer or no
      myeloid leukemias were found in all the control and injected animals, and the
      incidences of other solid tumors decreased, reaching zero at doses where the
      maximum incidences of bone tumors were noted. These findings indicate that
      osteosarcoma is the only specific tumor commonly observed among different mouse
      strains following the injection of soluble plutonium compounds.

PMID- 13678342
TI  - Measurement of residual 152Eu activity induced by atomic bomb neutrons in
      Nagasaki and the contribution of environmental neutrons to this activity.
AB  - Residual 152Eu activities induced by neutrons from the Nagasaki atomic bomb were
      measured for nine mineral samples located up to 1,061 m in the slant range and
      one control sample at 2,850 m from the hypocenter. A chemical separation to
      prepare europium-enriched samples was performed for all samples, and gamma ray
      measurements were carried out with a low background well-type germanium detector.
      In this paper, the measured specific activities of 152Eu are compared with
      activation calculations based on the DS86 neutron fluence and the 93Rev one. The
      calculated-to-measured ratios are also compared with those of 60Co and 36Cl. The
      present results indicate that the measurements agree to the calculation within a
      factor of three as observed in the nuclear tests at Nevada. The activation level
      of environmental neutrons and the detection limit for 152Eu are also discussed.

PMID- 13678343
TI  - Increased folate catabolism following total body gamma-irradiation in mice.
AB  - Concentrations of total folates and their oxidative degradate, para-aminobenzoyl
      glutamic acid, were determined in mouse after 2-7 Gy total body gamma-irradiation
      (TBI). Total liver folate levels were drastically reduced by almost 47% over a
      period of 120 h after TBI with 7 Gy. Oxidative damage, splitting the folate
      molecule into pterin and p-aminobenzoylglutamic acid (p-ABG), was observed after
      TBI. p-ABG levels, which 24 h after irradiation were raised by 15%, were further
      elevated to more than three-fold over the control after 120 h. A dose-dependent
      increase in the oxidative degradation of folate was observed. The oxidative
      cleavage of folate may be one factor contributing to folate deficiency in
      radiation stress.

PMID- 13678344
TI  - Radioprotective properties of histamine H2 receptor antagonists: present and
      future prospects.
AB  - Various chemical agents were examined for their radioprotective capability to
      provide partial protection against radiation injury over the past 50 years.
      However, no suitable drug has yet been introduced for routine clinical use. In
      the present study, the radioprotective potential of H2 receptor antagonists was
      examined in in vivo and in vitro conditions. For this purpose, an in vivo
      micronucleus assay and an in vitro metaphase analysis were used to test the
      effects of cimetidine, ranitidine, and famotidine on radiation-induced
      clastogenic effects. For micronuclei assay, BALB/c mice were irradiated in the
      presence or absence of drugs, and slides were prepared from bone marrow cells.
      The frequency of micronuclei was determined in bone marrow erythrocytes. For the
      in vitro assay, lymphocytes in whole peripheral blood were exposed to radiation
      in the presence or absence of drugs, and the frequency of chromosomal aberrations
      were determined. The results show that radiation produced a high number of
      micronuclei in polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) and chromosomal aberrations in
      lymphocytes. All three drugs used in this study effectively reduced the frequency
      of radiation-induced micronuclei and chromosomal aberrations at various doses.
      Famotidine was found to be more effective than the other two drugs. From the
      results obtained, it can be concluded that H2-receptor antagonists reduced the
      clastogenic effects of radiation with a dose reduction factor (DRF) of 1.5-2 in
      vivo and in vitro. The way in which these drugs reduce the clastogenic effects of
      radiation might be via a radical scavenging mechanism.

PMID- 13678345
TI  - DNA-PK: the major target for wortmannin-mediated radiosensitization by the
      inhibition of DSB repair via NHEJ pathway.
AB  - The effect of wortmannin posttreatment was studied in cells derived from
      different species (hamster, mouse, chicken, and human) with normal and defective
      DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) activity, cells with and without the ataxia
      telangiectasia (ATM) gene, and cells lacking other regulatory proteins involved
      in the DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair pathways. Clonogenic assays were used
      to obtain all results. Wortmannin radiosensitization was observed in Chinese
      hamster cells (V79-B310H , CHO-K1), mouse mammary carcinoma cells (SR-1),
      transformed human fibroblast (N2KYSV), chicken B lymphocyte wild-type cells
      (DT40), and chicken Rad54 knockout cells (Rad54-/-). However, mouse mammary
      carcinoma cells (SX9) with defects in the DNA-PK and chicken DNA-PK catalytic
      subunit (DNA-PKcs) knockout cells (DNA-PKcs-/-/-) failed to exhibit wortmannin
      radiosensitization. On the other hand, SCID mouse cells (SC3VA2) exposed to
      wortmannin exhibited significant increases in radiosensitivity, possibly because
      of some residual function of DNA-PKcs. Moreover, the transformed human cells
      derived from AT patients (AT2KYSV) and chicken ATM knockout cells (ATM-/-) showed
      pronounced wortmannin radiosensitization. These studies demonstrate confirm that
      the mechanism underlying wortmannin radiosensitization is the inhibition of DNA
      PK, but not of ATM, thereby resulting in the inhibition of DSB repair via
      nonhomologous endjoining (NHEJ).

PMID- 13678346
TI  - The role of radiolytically generated species in radiation-induced polymerization
      of vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride (VBT) in aqueous solution: steady-state
      and pulse radiolysis study.
AB  - Radiation-induced polymerization of vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride (VBT)
      in aqueous solution has been investigated by steady-state and pulse radiolysis
      techniques. The effects of dose, dose rate, monomer concentration, pH, and
      ambient conditions on steady state polymerization were investigated. The
      reactions of primary radicals of water radiolysis, such as OH radical, e(-)aq,
      and H atom, were studied. The reactions of other chemically active species such
      as O*-, oxidizing radicals such as N3*, Cl2(*-), Br(2*), SO4(*-), and a reducing
      specie such as CO2(*-) with VBT were also investigated. The reaction of VBT with
      OH radical and H atom were investigated by formation kinetics and by competition
      kinetics. The rate constant values for the reaction of OH radical with VBT were
      4.7 x 10(9) dm3 mol(-1) s(-1) and 1.7 x 10(10) dm3 mol(-1) s(-1) by formation
      kinetics and by competition kinetics, respectively. The results indicate that OH
      radicals undergo electron transfer reactions (resulting in a radical cation) and
      addition reactions. The hydrated electron reacts with VBT with a rate constant of
      1.9 x 10(10) dm3 mol(-1) s(-1) to form an anion. At pH approximately 1, H atom
      reaction with VBT is diffusion controlled with a rate constant of 5.1 x 10(9) dm3
      mol(-1) s(-1) as determined by formation kinetics and 1.7 x 10(10) dm3 mol(-1) s(
      1) as determined by competition kinetics. VBT radical anion reacts with VBT at a
      rate that is almost twice the rate at which VBT radical cation reacts with VBT,
      indicating anionic initiation of the polymerization of VBT. VBT undergoes very
      fast steady-state polymerization and dose rate; the presence of efficient radical
      quenchers such as oxygen and concentration of VBT in the aqueous solution affects
      the extent of polymerization. Typically, a dose of 4 kGy is sufficient to achieve
      80-85% polymerization. The monomer solution shows a drastic increase in the
      viscosity of the solution, which finally gels to a soft rubbery mass.

PMID- 13678347
TI  - Energy-dependent RBE of neutrons to induce micronuclei in root-tip cells of
      Allium cepa onion irradiated as dry dormant seeds and seedlings.
AB  - The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of various energy neutrons produced
      from a Schenkel-type accelerator at the Research Institute for Radiation Biology
      and Medicine, Hiroshima University (HIRRAC), compared with 60Co gamma-ray
      radiation was determined. The neutron radiations and gamma-ray radiation produced
      good linear changes in the frequency of micronuclei induced in the root-tip cells
      of Allium cepa onion irradiated as dry dormant seeds (seed assay) and seedlings
      (seedling assay) with varying radiation doses. Therefore the RBE for radiation
      induced micronuclei can be calculated as the ratio of the slopes of the fitted
      linear dose response for the neutron radiations and the 60Co gamma-ray radiation.
      The RBE values by seed assay and seedling assay decreased to 174 +/- 7, from 216
      +/- 9, and to 31.4 +/- 1.0, from 45.3 +/- 1.3 (one standard error), respectively,
      when neutron energies increased to 1.0 MeV, from 0.2 MeV, in the present study.
      Furthermore, the ratio of the micronucleus induction rates of seed assay to
      seedling assay by gamma-ray radiation was much lower than that by neutron
      radiations.

PMID- 13678348
TI  - Delayed expression of apoptosis in X-irradiated human leukemic MOLT-4 cells
      transfected with mutant p53.
AB  - The effects of X-rays on cell survival, apoptosis, and long-term response in the
      development of cell death as measured by the dye exclusion test were studied in
      human leukemic MOLT-4 cells (p53 wild-type) stably transfected with a mutant p53
      cDNA expression vector. Cell survival, as determined from colony-forming ability,
      was increased in an expression level dependent manner, but the increase was
      partial even with the highest-expressing clone (B3). This contrasts with the
      prior observation that cell death and apoptosis in B3 are completely inhibited at
      24 h after irradiation with 1.8 Gy of X-rays. The examination of B3 cells
      incubated for longer than 24 h after X-irradiation showed a delay in the
      induction of cell death and apoptosis. Western blot analysis revealed that the
      time required to reach the highest level of wild-type p53 protein in B3 was
      longer than the time in MOLT-4 and that the p53 may be stabilized by the
      phosphorylation at Ser-15. These results suggest that the introduction of mutant
      p53 into MOLT-4 merely delays the development of apoptosis, during which the
      cells could repair the damage induced by X-rays, and results in the partial
      increase in cell survival.

PMID- 13678349
TI  - A new automated method to analyze urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine by a high
      performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detector system.
AB  - A new method was developed to analyze urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG)
      by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to an electrochemical
      detector (ECD). This method is unique because (i) urine is first fractionated by
      anion exchange chromatography (polystyrene-type resin with quaternary ammonium
      group, sulfate form) before analysis by reverse phase chromatography; and (ii)
      the 8-OH-dG fraction in the first HPLC is precisely and automatically collected
      based on the added ribonucleoside 8-hydroxyguanosine marker peak, which elutes 4
      5 min earlier. Up to 1,000 human urine samples can be continuously analyzed with
      high accuracy within a few months. This method will be useful for studies in
      radiotherapy, molecular epidemiology, risk assessment, and health promotion.

PMID- 13678350
TI  - Optimal intensity-modulation projection technique for three-dimensional shape
      measurement.
AB  - A new pattern projection technique for measuring three-dimensional topography is
      presented, called the optimal intensity-modulation projection technique. The
      proposed technique dramatically shortens the measurement time and improves stripe
      detection accuracy compared with previous methods. Furthermore, the method deals
      reliably with discontinuous patterns and multiple objects.

PMID- 13678351
TI  - Nonlinear filter for pattern recognition invariant to illumination and to out-of
      plane rotations.
AB  - Automatic target recognition in uncontrolled conditions is a difficult task
      because many parametersare involved. This study deals with the recognition of
      targets under limited out-of-plane rotations while maintaining invariance to
      ambient light illumination. Contrast invariance is achieved by using the recently
      developed locally adaptive contrast-invariant filter, a method that yields
      correlation peaks whose values are invariant under any linear transformation of
      intensity. To reduce the sensitivity to the orientation of the object we replace
      the reference in the nonlinear filter by a synthetic discriminant filter. The
      range used for out-of-plane rotations was 40 degrees with a depression angle of
      20 degrees. We present results for unsegmented targets on complex backgrounds
      with the presence of false targets.

PMID- 13678352
TI  - Novel real-time joint-transform correlation by use of acousto-optic heterodyning.
AB  - To replace the film recording aspect of performing optical correlation,
      conventional real-time joint-transform correlation (JTC) optical systems make use
      of a spatial light modulator (SLM) located in the Fourier plane to record the
      joint-transform power spectrum (JPS) to achieve real-time processing. The use of
      an SLM in the Fourier plane, however, is a major drawback in these systems
      because SLMs are limited in resolution, phase uniformity, and contrast ratio,
      which are, therefore, not desirable for robust applications. We propose a hybrid
      (optical/electronic) processing technique to achieve real-time joint-transform
      correlation. The technique employs acousto-optic heterodyning scanning. The
      proposed real-time JTC system does not require an SLM at the Fourier plane as in
      other real-time JTC systems. This departure from the conventional scheme is
      extremely important as the proposed approach does not depend on SLM issues. We
      develop the theory of the technique and substantiate it with experimental
      results.

PMID- 13678353
TI  - All-optical pattern recognition for digital real-time information processing.
AB  - To recognize digital streams of digital data, all-optical and passive techniques
      able to discriminate optical bit words in real time are presented. Discrimination
      capability of different correlators, both in free space architectures and in
      delay lines structures, is theoretically and experimentally analyzed.
      Experimental performances in word recognition are shown in the case of a volume
      holographic correlator, in the case of a lithographic phase-only-filter
      correlator, and in the case of a novel coherent delay lines correlator operating
      at the wavelength 1550 nm and at the bit rate of 2.5 Gbit/s.

PMID- 13678354
TI  - Active contour segmentation by use of a multichannel incoherent optical
      correlator.
AB  - We describe an optoelectronic incoherent multichannel processor that is able to
      segment an object in a real image. The process is based on an active contour
      algorithm that has been transposed to optical signal processing to accelerate
      image processing. This implementation requires exact-valued correlations and thus
      opens attractive perspectives in terms of optical analog computation.
      Furthermore, this optical multichannel processor setup encourages incoherent
      processing with high-resolution images.

PMID- 13678355
TI  - Polynomial distance classifier correlation filter for pattern recognition.
AB  - We introduce what is to our knowledge a new nonlinear shift-invariant classifier
      called the polynomial distance classifier correlation filter (PDCCF). The
      underlying theory extends the original linear distance classifier correlation
      filter [Appl. Opt. 35, 3127 (1996)] to include nonlinear functions of the input
      pattern. This new filter provides a framework (for combining different
      classification filters) that takes advantage of the individual filter strengths.
      In this new filter design, all filters are optimized jointly. We demonstrate the
      advantage of the new PDCCF method using simulated and real multi-class synthetic
      aperture radar images.

PMID- 13678356
TI  - Sub-imaging technique to improve phase only filter search capability.
AB  - A novel application of a phase only filter model, which is implementable in the
      optical domain, is proposed. In this application, automated target tracking is
      accomplished with a novel sub-imaging technique with correlation tracking inside
      a radius of interest. In this technique the image is subdivided and the
      correlation is tracked by comparing only the autocorrelation of the filter with
      itself. A radius of interest is used to reduce the number of computations
      required to track a moving target. Real-world video images are used to
      demonstrate the performance of the model.

PMID- 13678357
TI  - Detection and tracking of rotated and scaled targets by use of Hilbert-wavelet
      transform.
AB  - In a recent work, we demonstrated the usefulness of the Hilbert transform in
      identifying the in-plane rotation angle between two objects. Here we use the
      Hilbert-wavelet bases instead of the Hilbert transform in the determination of
      the exact angle of rotation. We describe the design of the two-dimensional
      Hilbert-wavelet filter based on the spectral-factorization method to generate a
      Hilbert-transform pair of orthogonal wavelet bases. We compare the relative
      performance of the Hilbert transform and the Hilbert wavelet to identify both in
      plane and out-of-plane rotation angles. We demonstrate that the Hilbert wavelet
      offers better rotation-angle determination than the Hilbert transform. We present
      correlation based rotated and scaled object identification and tracking using
      Hilbert or Hilbert-wavelet transformed infrared image sequences. We also
      demonstrate reduced data handling and improved tracking of distorted objects
      using the Hilbert-wavelet transform.

PMID- 13678358
TI  - A miniature photorefractive circuit for principal component extraction.
AB  - The optical feature extractor is a photorefractive ring oscillator that can
      identify the strongest spatiotemporal component of its input space. The
      theoretical sections discuss the design and performance limitations of the signal
      extractor. A simple model of the filter's nonlinear functioning enables the
      reader to go directly to the experimental section that describes the making of
      the filter and experimental results. The device, also called the auto-tuning
      filter, is 5 cm2 in size, has a 3 GHz processing bandwidth, and requires less
      than 5 mW of continuous optical power to operate.

PMID- 13678359
TI  - Design and demonstration of a switching engine for a binary true-time-delay
      device that uses a white cell.
AB  - Optical true-time-delay devices based on the White cell can be divided into two
      general types: polynomial cells, in which the number of delays that can be
      obtained is related to the number of times m that a beam bounces in the cell
      raised to some power, and exponential cells, in which the number of delays is
      proportional to some number raised to the power of m. In exponential cells, the
      topic to be addressed, the spatial light modulator switches between a delay
      element and a null path on each bounce. We describe an improved design of this
      switching engine, which contains a liquid-crystal switch and a White cell. We
      examine astigmatism and corrections for it and present a specific design.

PMID- 13678360
TI  - Efficient compression of fresnel fields for Internet transmission of three
      dimensional images.
AB  - We compress phase-shift digital holograms (whole Fresnel fields) for the
      transmission of three-dimensional images. For real-time networking applications,
      the time required to compress can be as critical as the compression rate. We
      achieve lossy compression through quantization of both the real and imaginary
      streams, followed by a bit packing operation. Compression losses in the
      reconstructed objects were quantified. We define a speedup metric that combines
      space gains due to compression with temporal overheads due to the compression
      routine and the transmission serialization. We empirically verify transmission
      speedup due to compression using a special-purpose Internet-based networking
      application.

PMID- 13678361
TI  - The projection diagram.
AB  - We describe a diagram, named the projection diagram (PD), that can be used for
      the interpretation of fringe projection operations in a similar way as the
      Holodiagram is used in holography and other branches in optics. It is obtained as
      a Moire pattern between two spoke targets that mimic central projections, the
      same as those in a projection and observation system or two projection systems.
      N. Abramson [Academic, London (1981)] has already proposed its use in systems
      with two observation points (i.e., stereoscopic observation). By using this PD,
      several interesting features dealing with fringe projection are highlighted.
      Information on the sensitivity vector and the geometry of the contouring surfaces
      can be straightforwardly obtained in a graphical way. The effect of defocusing
      can also be included in the diagram.

PMID- 13678362
TI  - The reuse of biosludge as an adsorbent from a petrochemical wastewater treatment
      plant.
AB  - Biosludge was obtained from a petrochemical industry's biological wastewater
      treatment plant. Zinc chloride (ZnCl2) was used as a sludge activation agent
      during the pyrolytic process. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image
      photographs, element composition, surface functional group, and pore structure
      were analyzed for the sludge adsorbent characteristics. Results indicated the
      proper ZnCl2-immersed concentration, pyrolytic temperature, and time could
      produce adsorbent from the biosludge. The optimal conditions for a larger surface
      area adsorbent were 3 M ZnCl2-immersed sludge pyrolyzed at 600 degrees C for 30
      min and washed with 3 N hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution and distilled water. The
      predominant pore size of the sludge adsorbent was the mesopore.

PMID- 13678363
TI  - Summertime measurements of benzene and toluene in Athens using a differential
      optical absorption spectroscopy system.
AB  - In this paper, measurements of benzene, toluene, p,m-xylene, ozone (O3), nitrogen
      dioxide (NO2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) made using the differential optical
      absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) technique during a 4-month period of summer 2000
      (June-September) in Athens, Greece, are presented. An assessment of benzene mean
      value concentrations during this 4-month period exceeded 10 microg/m3, which is 2
      times greater than the average yearly limit proposed by European authorities.
      Toluene measurements present mean values of approximately 33 microg/m3. Benzene
      and especially toluene measurements are highly correlated with NO2 and
      anticorrelated with O3. High values of benzene, NO2, and toluene are also
      correlated with winds from the southeast section, an area of industrial activity
      where emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been recorded in
      previous studies. O3 is correlated with winds from the south-southwest section
      affected by the sea breeze circulation. Diurnal variations of O3, NO2, and SO2
      concentrations are compatible with measurements from the stations of the Ministry
      of Environment's network. Outliers are combined with weak winds from the south
      southwest. As far as p,m-xylene measurements are concerned, there is a poor
      correlation between gas chromatography (GC) and DOAS Opsis measurements, also
      observed in previous relevant campaigns and eventually a criticism in the use of
      the DOAS Opsis model for the measurement of p,m-xylene.

PMID- 13678364
TI  - The distribution of particle-phase organic compounds in the atmosphere and their
      use for source apportionment during the Southern California Children's Health
      Study.
AB  - Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) samples from 12 sites in southern California,
      collected as part of the Southern California Children's Health Study (SCCHS),
      were analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) techniques.
      Ninety-four organic compounds were quantified in these samples, including n
      alkanes, fatty acids, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), hopanes, steranes,
      aromatic diacids, aliphatic diacids, resin acids, methoxyphenols, and
      levoglucosan. Annual average concentrations of all detected compounds, as well as
      average concentrations for three seasonal periods, were determined at all 12
      sites for the calendar year of 1995. These measurements provide important
      information about the seasonal and spatial distribution of particle-phase organic
      compounds in southern California. Also, co-located samples from one site were
      analyzed to assess precision of measurement. Excellent agreement was observed
      between annual average concentrations for the broad range of organic compounds
      measured in this study. Measured concentrations from the 12 sampling sites were
      used in a previously developed molecular-marker source apportionment model to
      quantify the primary source contributions to the PM10 organic carbon and mass
      concentrations at these 12 sites. Source contributions to atmospheric PM from six
      important air pollution sources were quantified: gasoline-powered motor vehicle
      exhaust, diesel vehicle exhaust, wood smoke, vegetative detritus, tire wear, and
      natural gas combustion. Important trends in the seasonal and spatial patterns of
      the impact of these six sources were observed. In addition, contributions from
      meat smoke were detected in selected samples.

PMID- 13678365
TI  - Toxicity of chemical components of fine particles inhaled by aged rats: effects
      of concentration.
AB  - This study tested the hypothesis that exposure to mixtures containing fine
      particles and ozone (O3) would cause pulmonary injury and decrements in functions
      of immunological cells in exposed rats (22-24 months old) in a dose-dependent
      manner. Rats were exposed to high and low concentrations of ammonium bisulfate
      and elemental carbon and to 0.2 ppm O3. Control groups were exposed to purified
      air or O3 alone. The biological end points measured included histopathological
      markers of lung injury, bronchoalveolar lung fluid proteins, and measures of the
      function of the lung's innate immunological defenses (macrophage antigen-directed
      phagocytosis and respiratory burst activity). Exposure to O3 alone at 0.2 ppm did
      not result in significant changes in any of the measured end points. Exposures to
      the particle mixtures plus O3 produced statistically significant changes
      consistent with adverse effects. The low-concentration mixture produced effects
      that were statistically significant compared to purified air but, with the
      exception of macrophage Fc receptor binding, exposure to the high-concentration
      mixture did not. The effects of the low- and high-concentration mixtures were not
      significantly different. The study supports previous work that indicated that
      particle + O3 mixtures were more toxic than O3 alone.

PMID- 13678366
TI  - Does the Harvard/U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Ambient Particle
      Concentrator change the toxic potential of particles?
AB  - Inhalation exposure to urban air particles is known to increase morbidity in
      humans and animals. Our group utilizes the Harvard/U.S. Environmental Protection
      Agency Ambient Particle Concentrator (HAPC) to generate concentrated aerosols of
      outdoor air particles for experimental exposures. We have reported increased
      pathologic responses to inhalation of concentrated urban air particles and
      identified silicon (as silicate) as an element associated with many of these
      responses. Using silicate-rich Mt. St. Helen's volcanic ash (MSHA), we exposed
      three groups of Sprague-Dawley rats by inhalation for 6 hr to filtered air, MSHA,
      or MSHA passed though the HAPC. Twenty-four hours following exposure,
      bronchoalveolar lavage was performed to assess total cell count, differential
      cell count, protein, lactate dehydrogenase, and n-beta-glucosaminidase levels.
      Peripheral blood was examined for packed cell volume, total protein, total white
      cells, and differential cell count. Morphologic studies localized particles in
      the lung and assessed pulmonary vasculature. No significant differences were
      observed among any of the groups in any parameter measured including morphometric
      analysis of pulmonary vasoconstriction. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray
      analysis identified particles as silicates typical of MSHA throughout the lung.
      These findings suggest that particles passing through the HAPC have no change in
      their toxic potential in an exposure setting where particle deposition in the
      lung has occurred.

PMID- 13678367
TI  - Evaluation of a low-cost transient mass measurement system in vehicle inspection
      and maintenance testing: results of a Gordon-Darby Study.
AB  - A study was performed at a Gordon-Darby centralized inspection and maintenance
      (I/M) test lane in Phoenix, AZ, in December 1999 for the purpose of evaluating
      the accuracy of production Vehicle Mass Analysis System (VMAS) equipment relative
      to standard IM240 equipment. Simultaneous transient mass measurements were made
      on random vehicles using VMAS and IM240 systems on two test lanes during regular
      I/M testing. Cumulative mass emissions for 846 valid tests were correlated using
      least-squares regression analysis. Correlation indices were > 0.99 for both
      carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxide (NO) and 0.93 for hydrocarbon (HC), and the
      standard errors of regression were 1.38 g/mi, 0.123 g/mi, and 0.245 g/mi for CO,
      NO, and HC, respectively. These strong correlation results are reflected by high
      excess emission identification rates of 99.4% for CO, 99.3% for NO, and 94.5% for
      HC when applying final IM240 cut points with a < 2% error of commission for all
      pollutants.

PMID- 13678368
TI  - PM2.5 mass and light extinction reconstruction in IMPROVE.
AB  - Compliance under the Regional Haze Rule of 1999 is based on Interagency
      Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) protocols for
      reconstructing aerosol mass and light extinction from aerosol chemical
      concentrations measured in the IMPROVE network. The accuracy, consistency, and
      potential biases in these formulations were examined using IMPROVE aerosol
      chemistry and light extinction data from 1988-1999. Underestimation of
      particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 microm (PM2.5) by the
      IMPROVE mass reconstruction formula by 12%, on average, appears to be related to
      the exclusion of sodium, chlorine, and other elements and to artifacts associated
      with the measurement of organic carbon, but not to absorption of water by
      sulfates and nitrates on IMPROVE Teflon filters during weighing. Light scattering
      measured by transmissometry is not consistent with nephelometer scattering or
      single-scatter albedos expected for remote locations. Light scattering was
      systematically overestimated by 34%, on average, with the IMPROVE particle
      scattering (Bsp) reconstruction formula. The use of climatologically based
      hygroscopic growth factors f(RH) suggested for compliance with the Haze Rule
      contributes significantly to this overestimation and increases the amount of
      light extinction attributable to sulfates for IMPROVE samples between 1993 and
      1999 by 5 percentage points.

PMID- 13678369
TI  - An assessment of the emissions inventory processing systems EMS-2001 and SMOKE in
      grid-based air quality models.
AB  - In the United States, emission processing models such as Emissions Modeling
      System-2001 (EMS-2001), Emissions Preprocessor System-Version 2.5 (EPS2.5), and
      the Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emissions (SMOKE) model are currently being
      used to generate gridded, hourly, speciated emission inputs for urban and
      regional-scale photochemical models from aggregated pollutant inventories. In
      this study, two models, EMS-2001 and SMOKE, were applied with their default
      internal data sets to process a common inventory database for a high ozone (O3)
      episode over the eastern United States using the Carbon Bond IV (CB4) chemical
      speciation mechanism. A comparison of the emissions processed by these systems
      shows differences in all three of the major processing steps performed by the two
      models (i.e., in temporal allocation, spatial allocation, and chemical
      speciation). Results from a simulation with a photochemical model using these two
      sets of emissions indicate differences on the order of +/- 20 ppb in the
      predicted 1-hr daily maximum O3 concentrations. It is therefore critical to
      develop and implement more common and synchronized temporal, spatial, and
      speciation cross-reference systems such that the processes within each emissions
      model converge toward reasonably similar results. This would also help to
      increase confidence in the validity of photochemical grid model results by
      reducing one aspect of modeling uncertainty.

PMID- 13678370
TI  - Using fiber optics to detect moisture intrusion into a landfill cap consisting of
      a vegetative soil barrier.
AB  - The intrusion of moisture into landfills can pose a health hazard because of the
      possibility that the moisture will carry harmful substances into the groundwater.
      Early detection of moisture anywhere within these landfills is essential if
      corrective action is to be taken well before an occurrence of this kind. This
      paper presents the results of a field-scale simulation test of the use of fiber
      optics to detect the presence of moisture within landfill covers, using a
      detection method based on the thermal response of soils as a function of their
      moisture content. By sending electrical current through an embedded stainless
      steel tube, soils of varying moisture content were heated and time-dependent
      temperature measurements were obtained with a fiber-optic distributed temperature
      sensor system. The optical fiber itself lay within the tube, but its temperature
      was a function of how rapidly heat was conducted into the surrounding medium. The
      results of this experiment, which are in agreement with those obtained using more
      traditional "point" sampling and laboratory analysis, are presented along with
      the strengths and limitations of the thermal-response method of detecting
      moisture.

PMID- 13678371
TI  - Impact of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emissions from medical waste
      incinerators on the urban atmosphere.
AB  - In this study, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emissions from two batch
      type medical waste incinerators (MWIs), one with a mechanical grate and the other
      with a fixed grate, both operated by a medical center, were assessed. Both MWIs
      shared the same air-pollution control devices (APCDs), with an electrostatic
      precipitator and a wet scrubber installed in series. Results show that when APCDs
      were used, total PAHs and total benzo[a]pyrene equivalent (total BaP(eq))
      emission concentrations of both MWIs were reduced from 2220 to 1870 microg/m3 and
      50 to 12.4 microg/m3, respectively. We used the Industrial Source Complex Short
      Term model (ISCST) to estimate the ground-level concentrations of the residential
      area and the traffic intersection located at the downwind side of the two MWIs.
      For the traffic intersection, we found both total PAHs and total BaP(eq)
      transported from MWIs to both studied areas were not significant. For the
      residential area, similar results were found when APCDs were used in MWIs. When
      APCDs were not included, we found that total PAHs transported from MWIs accounted
      for < 12%, but total BaP(eq) accounted for > 90%, of the on-site measured
      concentrations. These results suggest that the use of proper APCDs during
      incineration would significantly reduce the carcinogenic potencies associated
      with PAH emissions from MWIs to the residential area.

PMID- 13678372
TI  - Self-organization of cognitive performance.
AB  - Background noise is the irregular variation across repeated measurements of human
      performance. Background noise remains after task and treatment effects are
      minimized. Background noise refers to intrinsic sources of variability, the
      intrinsic dynamics of mind and body, and the internal workings of a living being.
      Two experiments demonstrate 1/f scaling (pink noise) in simple reaction times and
      speeded word naming times, which round out a catalog of laboratory task
      demonstrations that background noise is pink noise. Ubiquitous pink noise
      suggests processes of mind and body that change each other's dynamics. Such
      interaction-dominant dynamics are found in systems that self-organize their
      behavior. Self-organization provides an unconventional perspective on cognition,
      but this perspective closely parallels a contemporary interdisciplinary view of
      living systems.

PMID- 13678373
TI  - Feature-sampling and random-walk models of individual-stimulus recognition.
AB  - Traditional process models of old-new recognition have not addressed differences
      in accuracy and response time between individual stimuli. Two new process models
      of recognition are presented and applied to response time and accuracy data from
      3 old-new recognition experiments. The 1st model is derived from a feature
      sampling account of the time course of categorization, whereas the 2nd model is a
      generalization of a random-walk model of categorization. In the experiments, a
      new technique was used, which yielded reliable individual-stimulus data through
      repeated presentation of structurally equivalent items. The results from the
      experiments showed reliable differences in accuracy and response times between
      stimuli. The random-walk model provided the better account of the results from
      the 3 experiments. The implications of the results for process models of
      recognition are discussed.

PMID- 13678374
TI  - Division of labor between the hemispheres for complex but not simple tasks: an
      implemented connectionist model.
AB  - When stimuli have to be matched in a complex task (such as whether 2 letters have
      the same name), then performance is better when stimuli are presented across the
      hemispheres of the brain, whereas for simpler tasks (such as whether 2 letters
      have the same shape), better performance is achieved when stimuli are presented
      unilaterally. The authors show that this bilateral distribution advantage effect
      emerged spontaneously in a neural network model learning to solve simple and
      complex tasks with separate input layers and separate, but interconnected,
      resources in a hidden layer. The authors show that relating computational models
      to behavioral and imaging data proves fruitful for understanding hemispheric
      processing and generating testable hypotheses.

PMID- 13678375
TI  - Modulation of word-reading processes in task switching.
AB  - The authors examined modulation of the simple act of word naming induced by the
      conflict arising when that task competes with color naming in a task-switching
      paradigm. Subjects alternated between naming a word printed in black and naming
      the color of a stimulus in 2 conditions. In the incongruent condition, the
      colored stimulus was an irrelevant word generating conflict, and in the neutral
      condition, color was carried by a row of asterisks. Subjects took substantially
      longer to name a word printed in black in the incongruent condition, implying a
      form of suppression. This modulation of the word-naming response was adaptive in
      that it led to more efficient color naming. The modulation effect was replicated
      using phoneme detection instead of word naming but not with lexical decision or
      visual comparison, implicating a phonological encoding process.

PMID- 13678376
TI  - Judgment dissociation theory: an analysis of differences in causal,
      counterfactual, and covariational reasoning.
AB  - Research suggests that causal judgment is influenced primarily by counterfactual
      or covariational reasoning. In contrast, the author of this article develops
      judgment dissociation theory (JDT), which predicts that these types of reasoning
      differ in function and can lead to divergent judgments. The actuality principle
      proposes that causal selections focus on antecedents that are sufficient to
      generate the actual outcome. The substitution principle proposes that ad hoc
      categorization plays a key role in counterfactual and covariational reasoning
      such that counterfactual selections focus on antecedents that would have been
      sufficient to prevent the outcome or something like it and covariational
      selections focus on antecedents that yield the largest increase in the
      probability of the outcome or something like it. The findings of 4 experiments
      support JDT but not the competing counterfactual and covariational accounts.

PMID- 13678377
TI  - Memory organization of action events and its relationship to memory performance.
AB  - Previous research yielded inconsistent results regarding the memory organization
      of self-performed actions. The authors propose that task performance changes the
      very basis of memory organization. Enactment during study and test (Experiment 1)
      yielded stronger enactive clustering (based on motor-movement similarities),
      whereas verbal encoding yielded stronger conceptual clustering (based on semantic
      episodic similarities). Enactment enhanced memory quantity and memory accuracy.
      Both measures increased with enactive clustering under self-performance
      instructions but with conceptual clustering under verbal instructions. Enactment
      only during study (Experiment 2) or only during testing (Experiment 3) also
      enhanced enactive clustering. It is proposed that different conditions affect the
      relative salience of different types of memory organization and their relative
      contribution to recall.

PMID- 13678378
TI  - Contextual variations in implicit evaluation.
AB  - In the present research, the authors examined contextual variations in automatic
      attitudes. Using 2 measures of automatic attitudes, the authors demonstrated that
      evaluative responses differ qualitatively as perceivers focus on different
      aspects of a target's social group membership (e.g., race or gender). Contextual
      variations in automatic attitudes were obtained when the manipulation involved
      overt categorization (Experiments 1-3) as well as more subtle contextual cues,
      such as category distinctiveness (Experiments 4-5). Furthermore, participants
      were shown to be unable to predict such contextual influences on automatic
      attitudes (Experiment 3). Taken together, these experiments support the idea of
      automatic attitudes being continuous, online constructions that are inherently
      flexible and contextually appropriate, despite being outside conscious control.

PMID- 13678379
TI  - Cross-sectional and longitudinal patterns of dedifferentiation in late-life
      cognitive and sensory function: the effects of age, ability, attrition, and
      occasion of measurement.
AB  - The dedifferentiation hypothesis is examined with respect to age-group
      differences, ability-group differences, attrition-group differences, and time.
      Cognitive and sensory data were analyzed from individuals (n = 1,823) who
      completed a clinical assessment on at least 1 of 3 occasions of measurement in
      the Australian Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Inconsistent dedifferentiation
      effects were associated with low ability and early attrition from the study, but
      age-related dedifferentiation was not found. Longitudinal analyses confirmed the
      cross-sectional analyses. Even though instances of dedifferentiation were
      identified between pairs of sensory and cognitive variables, consistent patterns
      of dedifferentiation were not found. These results do not support the view that
      shared biological factors become increasingly important for explaining within
      individual change in cognitive and sensory function in later life.

PMID- 13678380
TI  - Advances in distraction techniques for craniofacial surgery.
AB  - Distraction osteogenesis has been applied to the craniofacial skeleton as well as
      the long bones of the extremities. This technique does not require bone grafting
      and allows correction of craniofacial deformities with less invasion. Moreover,
      the distraction procedures can expand the overlying soft tissues simultaneously.
      We determined the indications of distraction osteogenesis, analyzed the types of
      devices available, and examined patients treated with distraction for the
      mandible, midface, and cranium. In all three sites, the devices tended to be the
      buried type and made of absorbable materials. Administration of some cytokines
      for shortening the consolidation period may be considered. Among disorders
      indicated for distraction osteogenesis, there are several syndromic
      craniosynostoses, which involve mutations in the fibroblast growth factor
      receptor (FGFR) 2 gene. The FGFR 2 mutation was suggested to clinically
      accelerate osteogenesis at the distraction site. The usefulness and
      appropriateness of the distraction protocol must be assessed for each individual
      disorder. Although distraction osteogenesis in the craniofacial skeleton has
      advanced technologically, all possible risks must be discussed with the patient
      and family members when obtaining preoperative informed consent, especially until
      establishment of fully safe distraction procedures.

PMID- 13678381
TI  - Multidrug resistance in hematological malignancy.
AB  - The recent treatment of hematological malignancies appears to be unsatisfactory
      in child and adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia and adult patients with
      acute lymphocytic leukemia. A major problem in the treatment of leukemia is
      caused by the development of drug resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, which is
      already present at diagnosis or after chemotherapy as a minimal residual disease,
      their resistance having originated from genetic or epigenetic mutations during
      prior growth of the leukemia clone. It was suggested that the mechanisms of drug
      resistance consist of drug resistance proteins, which work as a drug efflux pump.
      These are the permeability-related glycoprotein (P-Gp), the multidrug-resistance
      associated protein (MRP), the lung resistance protein (LRP), and other MDR
      proteins such as the transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP),
      anthracyclin resistance associated protein (ARA), MRP 2-7, and breast cancer
      resistance protein (BCRP). In addition, anti-apoptosis mechanisms, alterations of
      tumor suppressor genes, altered immunogenicity, drug resistance mechanisms for
      individual drugs, and clinical risk factors such as white blood cell count, age,
      and other factors have been reported to act in drug resistance singly or in
      combinations. Here we describe the update of research on the biology of MDR in
      the hematological malignancies and also discuss how to overcome MDR and adapt the
      updated treatment methods in the clinical medical field.

PMID- 13678382
TI  - Hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women.
AB  - Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is effective for relieving vasomotor symptoms
      such as hot flash and vaginal atrophy and for preventing bone loss in
      postmenopausal and bilaterally ovariectomized women. However, compliance with HRT
      was reported to be low despite the benefits of HRT. In addition, results of
      several recent large-scale randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that
      protection from cardiovascular disease is not an indication for treatment with
      estrogen and progestin in postmenopausal women. Recent studies have demonstrated
      that low-dose HRT is safe and effective for prevention of postmenopausal bone
      loss. Low-dose HRT has also been shown to be effective for reducing the number
      and severity of hot flashes, improving vaginal atrophy, and inducing favorable
      changes in lipids, lipoproteins and hemostatic factors. Moreover, low-dose
      regimens of CEE (conjugated equine estrogen) and MPA (medroxyprogesterone
      acetate) result in higher rates of amenorrhea and endometrial protection compared
      with the conventional dose of HRT. Low-dose HRT may improve the compliance rate
      and may be more effective than conventional-dose HRT for reducing the risk of
      breast cancer. On the other hand, it has been shown that transdermal estrogen
      treatment reduces the incidence and severity of hot flashes and that long-term
      treatment with transdermally administered estrogen is effective for protection
      against osteoporosis. Transdermal administration of estrogen is recommended in
      postmenopausal women with hypertriglycemia because this treatment has little
      effect on lipid metabolism. The serum estradiol level was reported to be closely
      related to estrogenic effects on various tissues. An HRT regimen should be based
      on the needs of each patient. Serum estradiol levels in women should be
      maintained at appropriate levels for benefits and not be excessively high in
      order to prevent side effects. Selection of the most appropriate regimen of HRT
      (dose, route of administration and schedule) for the needs of the individual are
      important factors to increase the rate of continuation with HRT.

PMID- 13678383
TI  - Angiogenesis of prostate cancer and antiangiogenic therapy.
AB  - Tumor-associated angiogenesis refers to the growth of new vessels toward and
      within the tumor. Several studies have revealed that increasing intratumoral
      microvessel density, a major of tumor-associated angiogenesis, correlates with
      greater aggressiveness of prostate cancer. Angiogenesis consists of multiple,
      sequential, and interdependent steps dependent on the local balance of
      proangiogenic and antiangiogenic molecules Many proangiogenic and antiangiogenic
      molecules have been demonstrated to regulate growth and metastasis of prostate
      cancer. As tumor-associated angiogenesis is a crucial step in the process of
      prostate cancer development, inhibition of tumor neovascularization, and/or
      destruction of tumor vasculature (antiangiogenic therapy) may maintain the tumors
      in a dormant state or, perhaps in combination with cytotoxic therapies,
      potentiate shrinkage of tumors. Recently, therapeutic agents targeting the
      receptors of proangiogenic molecules and their signal transduction cascade have
      been developed. In this article, the role of angiogenic molecules in prostate
      cancer biology, and the application of angiogenesis inhibition to therapeutics
      for prostate cancer are reviewed.

PMID- 13678384
TI  - Medical significance of cysteine protease inhibitors in mammalian secretory
      fluids.
AB  - New cysteine protease inhibitors in human tears and milk and their medical
      significance are reviewed in this paper. As protective components against
      bacterial infection in the eyes, we detected four kinds of anti-bacterial
      proteins in normal human tears including lysozyme and three kinds of cysteine
      protease inhibitors. Using our reverse zymography of normal tears, three kinds of
      cysteine protease inhibitors were found to be 78kDa, 20kDa and 15kDa and were
      determined to be lactoferrin, Von Ebner's Gland (VEG) protein and cystatin S,
      respectively. All of them belong to the cystatin super family and VEG protein and
      cystatin S are well known cysteine protease inhibitors. The C-terminus area 17mer
      peptide, Y679-K695, of lactoferrin showed strong homology with a common active
      domain of the cystatin family and the synthesized peptide showed inhibition of
      cysteine proteases. Not only were disease-specific changes found in these
      inhibitor profiles, but also disease-specific new inhibitors in patients tears
      with certain autoimmune diseases. A 35kDa inhibitor, which was detected
      specifically in tears with Behcet's disease, an typical autoimmune disease, was
      determined to be a lacrimal acidic proline-rich protein based on the N-terminus
      sequence analysis. A 65kDa inhibitor of tears with Harada's autoimmune disease
      was determined to be an Ig heavy chain V-III region. In addition, lactoferrin
      content in Harada's disease was very low. We found two cathepsin inhibitors in
      bovine milk using reverse zymography, namely lactoferrin and beta-casein. The
      L133-Q151, in the human beta-casein molecule is the active inhibitory domain.
      They may play an important role in antiseptic and anti-infectious functions.

PMID- 13678385
TI  - An assessment of correlations between endogenous sex hormone levels and the
      extensiveness of coronary heart disease and the ejection fraction of the left
      ventricle in males.
AB  - This clinical study investigated the possible associations of male sex hormone
      with the extensiveness of coronary artery lesions, coronary heart disease risk
      factors and ejection fraction of the heart. Ninety six Caucasian male subjects
      were recruited, 76 with positive and 20 with negative coronary angiograms. Early
      morning, prior to haemodynamic examination all of them had determined levels of
      total testosterone, free testosterone, free androgen index (FAI), sex hormone
      binding globulin (SHBG), oestradiol, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating
      hormone, plasma lipids, fibrinogen and glucose. The ejection fraction and the
      extensiveness of coronary lesions of each subject was assessed on the basis of x
      ray examination results using Quantitative Coronary Angiography (QCA) and Left
      Ventricular Analysis (LVA) packages on the TCS Acquisition workstation, Medcon.
      Men with proven coronary heart disease had significantly lower levels of total
      testosterone (11.9 vs 21.2 nmol/l), free testosterone (45.53 vs 86.10 pmol/l),
      free androgen index (36.7 vs 47.3 IU) and oestradiol (109.4 vs 146.4 pmol/l). The
      level of testosterone was negatively associated with the DUKE Index. The most
      essential negative correlation was observed between SHBG and atherogenic lipid
      profile (low high-density lipoprotein, high triglycerides). Ejection fraction was
      substantially lower in patients (51.85 vs 61.30) (without prior myocardial
      infarction) with low levels of free-testosterone (23.85 vs. 86.10 pmol/l) and FAI
      (28.4 vs 47.3 IU). A negative correlation was observed between total
      testosterone, free testosterone, FAI and blood pressure, especially with
      diastolic pressure. Men with proven coronary atherosclerosis had lower levels of
      endogenous androgens than the healthy controls. For the first time in clinical
      settings it has been demonstrated that low levels of free-testosterone was
      characteristic for patients with low ejection fraction. Numerous hypothesies for
      this action can be proposed but all require a proper evaluation process. The main
      determinant of atherogenic plasma lipid was low levels of SHBG suggesting its
      main role in developing atheroscerotic lesions.

PMID- 13678386
TI  - Oolong tea increases energy metabolism in Japanese females.
AB  - Oolong tea is a traditional Chinese tea that has long been believed to be
      beneficial to health such as decreasing body fat. We were interested in this
      assertion and tried to evaluate the effect of oolong tea on energy expenditure
      (EE) in comparison with green tea. The subjects were eleven healthy Japanese
      females (age 20+/-1 y; body mass index (BMI) 21.2+/-2.5 kg/m2) who each consumed
      of three treatments in a crossover design: 1) water, 2) oolong tea, 3) green tea.
      Resting energy expenditure (REE) and EE after the consumption of the test
      beverage for 120 min were measured using an indirect calorimeter. The cumulative
      increases of EE for 120 min were significantly increased 10% and 4% after the
      consumption of oolong tea and green tea, respectively. EE at 60 and 90 min were
      significantly higher after the consumption of oolong tea than that of water
      (P<0.05). In comparison with green tea, oolong tea contained approximately half
      the caffeine and epigallocatechin galate, while polymerized polyphenols were
      double. These results suggest that oolong tea increases EE by its polymerized
      polyphenols.

PMID- 13678387
TI  - Comparison of washout rate between planar image and polar map image: 123I-BMIPP
      study.
AB  - Myocardial cells obtain 60-90% of their energy from free fatty acids under
      aerobic conditions. 123I-BMIPP can demonstrate fatty acid metabolism in the
      myocardium and is used to evaluate cardiac diseases. Forty-three patients
      underwent BMIPP imaging in the early (15 min) and delayed (4 hr) phase, and the
      washout rate was calculated. We evaluate the washout rate by two methods, the
      polar map method and the planar image method. The two methods showed close
      correlation (r=0.473).

PMID- 13678388
TI  - Evaluation of the effectiveness of laser in situ keratomileusis and
      photorefractive keratectomy for myopia: a meta-analysis.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK)
      and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for correcting myopia. METHODS: Study
      selection, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed by two of
      authors independently. Summary odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were
      calculated by DerSimonian & Laird random-effects model and Mantel-Haenszel (fixed
      effects) model. All calculations were based on an intention-to-treat and per
      protocol analysis. RESULTS: Five hundred and eighty eyes (476 patients) from 5
      randomized controlled trials were included in this study. At > or = 6 months
      follow-up, by random-effects model, the pooled odds ratios (OR, for LASIK vs.
      PRK) of postoperative uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) of 20/20 or better for all
      trials were 1.31 (95% CI=0.77-2.22) by per protocol analysis and 1.18 (95%
      CI=0.74-1.88) by intention-to-treat analysis. In the refractive outcome, the
      pooled OR of the postoperative spherical equivalent refraction within +/-0.5
      diopter (D) of emmetropia did not show any statistical significance, for which
      the OR were 0.75 (95% CI=0.48-1.18) by per protocol analysis and 0.70 (95%
      CI=0.47-1.04) by intention-to-treat analysis. CONCLUSIONS: LASIK and PRK were
      found to be similarly effective for the correction of myopia from -1.5 to -15.0 D
      in a greater than 6 month follow-up.

PMID- 13678389
TI  - Expression of neural cell adhesion molecule L1 in the brain of rats exposed to X
      irradiation in utero.
AB  - To gain insight to the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved abnormal
      neuronal migration induced by irradiation, we investigated expression of neuronal
      cell adhesion molecule L1 and neuronal migration in the brains through comparison
      between rats prenatally exposed to X-ray and controls. To observe the pattern of
      neuronal migration, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was chosen as a marker to label
      migrating cells. The results showed some of the labeled cells remained in the
      lower of the cortical plate in the irradiated rats, suggesting that neuronal
      migration was disrupted by X-ray. To study change of expressing neural cell
      molecule L1, rat brains were analyzed by SDS-PAGE after isolation of L1 by
      immunoaffinity chromatography. In the all brain membrane fraction, immunoaffinity
      purified L1 had bands at 200, 180, 140 and 80 kDa. However, the bands in the
      irradiated group were very weak when compared with the control. Taking these
      results into account, abnormal neuronal migration and reduction of expression L1
      found in the irradiated brain indicated that migration of neural cells may be
      largely dependent on radial glial fiber as well as neural cell molecules like L1.
      A decrease in L1 expression may be one of reasons of abnormal neuronal migration.

PMID- 13678390
TI  - Roles of estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) in the regulation of the human
      Mullerian inhibitory substance (MIS) promoter.
AB  - Sex differentiation consists of multi-step pathway that involves expression of
      many different genes. Mullerian duct inhibitory substance (MIS) has a key role
      for regression of the Mullerian duct during male sex differentiation. Recently,
      endocrine disruptors (EDs), which often have estrogen-like activities, have
      caused concern over worldwide. It has been reported that estrogen regulates the
      MIS expression. Therefore, we tested whether ER alpha and ER beta influence the
      MIS promoter activity in the NT2/D1 cell line which expresses many sex
      differentiation-related genes such as SRY, SOX9, and DAX-1. RT-PCR analysis
      revealed that the NT2/D1 cells express both ER alpha and ER beta in addition to
      MIS. Under the low concentration of 17beta-estradiol (E2), the over-expression of
      exogenous ER alpha increased the MIS promoter activity 3.3-fold compared with the
      control. However, as E2 concentration was increased, the MIS promoter activity
      was decreased. For ER beta, we could not observe alterations of the MIS promoter
      activity. Furthermore, the over-expression of the exogenous SF-1 inhibited the
      activation of the MIS promoter with ER alpha. Although it remains unclear whether
      the effects of ER alpha on the MIS promoter are mediated through the genomic or
      the no-genomic actions, the present results suggest that ER alpha up-regulates
      the MIS promoter activity in the NT2/D1 cells under low concentrations of E2, and
      that the two ERs may work in different manners for the MIS promoter activation.
      The present findings may be useful to understand the molecular mechanisms by
      which EDs or estrogens affect the MIS expression.

PMID- 13678391
TI  - Arterial infusion chemotherapy for the patient of unresectable pancreatic
      carcinoma with multiple liver metastases: a case report.
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Despite various treatment trials for unresectable pancreatic
      carcinoma with liver metastases, the outcome has not been satisfactory. This
      paper reports a case of pancreatic carcinoma with multiple liver metastases that
      responded well to arterial infusion chemotherapy. CASE REPORT: A 65-year-old male
      was diagnosed with multiple liver tumors, and needle biopsy revealed
      adenocarcinoma. With endoscopic ultrasonography, a tumor in the pancreatic head
      was detected, and pancreatic carcinoma with multiple liver metastases was
      diagnosed. He received arterial infusion chemotherapy: cisplatin at a dose of 10
      mg/body/day and 500 mg/body/day of 5-fluorouracil After 14 days administration,
      liver metastases had decreased in number and size, but thereafter, because of
      hepatic arterial occlusion, the same dose of drugs was administered
      intravenously. The patient was discharged from the hospital and was given
      chemotherapy 3 days a week on an outpatient basis. Although the chemotherapy was
      effective, it was stopped because of severe general fatigue 5 months after
      discharge. His general status continued to gradually worsen, and he died 12
      months after diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Prognosis of pancreatic carcinoma with liver
      metastases is poor; however, transarterial infusion chemotherapy may be effective
      to improve the prognosis and quality of life of the patients.

PMID- 13678392
TI  - Renal failure caused by eyedrops containing phenylephrine in a case of
      retinopathy of prematurity.
AB  - The patient was a low birth weight infant with a history of renal failure. She
      was referred to our department 29 days after birth to undergo fundus examination.
      She experienced renal failure after undergoing a mydriatic test and needed
      medical treatment. Eyedrops containing phenylephrine were instilled several times
      and additional drops were also instilled during the fundal examination using an
      eyelid retractor, therefore the blood concentration of the drug was elevated
      sufficiently to contract the renal vessels, ultimately inducing renal failure.
      The present case suggests that since the use of mydriatic eyedrops in low birth
      weight infants could induce renal failure, the following points should be
      considered: 1) Mydriatic eyedrops should be used with caution by monitoring
      mydriasis and avoiding excessive instillation; 2) After instillation, the
      lacrimal region should be compressed to prevent the flow of mydriatic drops to
      the nasolacrimal canal; and 3) Vital signs should be monitored to check the onset
      of any adverse reactions for 12 hours after fundal examination.

PMID- 13678393
TI  - Atherosclerosis target of lipid-lowering therapy: is lower LDL cholesterol
      better?

PMID- 13678394
TI  - NCEP ATP III guidelines incorporate global risk assessment.

PMID- 13678395
TI  - IVUS is redefining atherosclerotic disease.

PMID- 13678396
TI  - Case reports illustrate consequences of ATP III in practice.

PMID- 13678397
TI  - Inflammatory markers are useful risk assessment tools.

PMID- 13678398
TI  - Interview: Integrating clinical trial results into managed care practice.

PMID- 13678399
TI  - Peptide science: exploring the use of chemical principles and interdisciplinary
      collaboration for understanding life processes.

PMID- 13678400
TI  - Fragment screening and assembly: a highly efficient approach to a selective and
      cell active protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitor.
AB  - Using an NMR-based fragment screening and X-ray crystal structure-based assembly,
      starting with millimolar ligands for both the catalytic site and the second
      phosphotyrosine binding site, we have identified a small-molecule inhibitor of
      protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B with low micromolar inhibition constant, high
      selectivity (30-fold) over the highly homologous T-cell protein tyrosine
      phosphatase, and good cellular activity in COS-7 cells.

PMID- 13678401
TI  - Discovery of 4-benzoyl-1-[(4-methoxy-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)oxoacetyl]-2-
      (R)-methylpiperazine (BMS-378806): a novel HIV-1 attachment inhibitor that
      interferes with CD4-gp120 interactions.
AB  - Indole derivative 1 interferes with the interaction of the HIV surface protein
      gp120 with the host cell receptor CD4. The 4-fluoro derivative 2 exhibited
      markedly enhanced potency and was bioavailable in the rat, dog, and cynomolgus
      monkey when administered orally as a solution formulation. However, aqueous
      suspensions of 2 were poorly bioavailable, indicative of dissolution-limited
      absorption. The 7-azaindole derivative 3, BMS-378806, exhibited improved
      pharmaceutical properties while retaining the HIV-1 inhibitory profile of 2.

PMID- 13678402
TI  - Oxidosqualene cyclase inhibitors as antimicrobial agents.
AB  - Small-molecule oxidosqualene cyclase (OSC) inhibitors were found to be effective
      in assays against cloned OSC-like enzymes from human pathogens. A combinatorial
      library was prepared and used to identify lead compounds that inhibit the growth
      of Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania mexicana amazonensis, and Pneumocystis carinii
      in culture. Selectivity for the microorganisms in preference to mammalian cells
      was observed.

PMID- 13678403
TI  - Structure-activity relationships of the antimalarial agent artemisinin. 8.
      design, synthesis, and CoMFA studies toward the development of artemisinin-based
      drugs against leishmaniasis and malaria.
AB  - Artemisinin (1) and its analogues have been well studied for their antimalarial
      activity. Here we present the antimalarial activity of some novel C-9-modified
      artemisinin analogues synthesized using artemisitene as the key intermediate.
      Further, antileishmanial activity of more than 70 artemisinin derivatives against
      Leishmania donovani promastigotes is described for the first time. A
      comprehensive structure-activity relationship study using CoMFA is discussed.
      These analogues exhibited leishmanicidal activity in micromolar concentrations,
      and the overall activity profile appears to be similar to that against malaria.
      Substitution at the C-9beta position was shown to improve the activity in both
      cases. The 10-deoxo derivatives showed better activity compared to the
      corresponding lactones. In general, compounds with C-9alpha substitution
      exhibited lower antimalarial as well as antileishmanial activities compared to
      the corresponding C-9beta analogues. The importance of the peroxide group for the
      observed activity of these analogues against leishmania was evident from the fact
      that 1-deoxyartemisinin analogues did not exhibit antileishmanial activity. The
      study suggests the possibility of developing artemisinin analogues as potential
      drug candidates against both malaria and leishmaniasis.

PMID- 13678404
TI  - Discovery, characterization, and structure-activity relationships studies of
      proapoptotic polyphenols targeting B-cell lymphocyte/leukemia-2 proteins.
AB  - Among the most promising chemopreventive agents, certain natural polyphenols have
      recently received a great deal of attention because of their demonstrated
      inhibitory activity against tumorigenesis. In view of their anticancer
      properties, these compounds also hold great promise as potential chemotherapeutic
      agents. However, to translate these chemopreventive agents into chemotherapeutic
      compounds, their exact mechanisms of action must be delineated. By using a
      multidisciplinary approach guided by modern nuclear magnetic resonance
      spectroscopy techniques, fluorescence polarization displacement assays, and cell
      based assays, we have begun to unravel the mechanisms of actions of certain
      polyphenols such as Gossypol (a compound from cotton seed extracts) and
      Purpurogallin (a natural compound extracted from Quercus sp. nutgall) and their
      derivatives. Our findings suggest that these natural products bind and antagonize
      the antiapoptotic effects of B-cell lymphocyte/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins
      such as Bcl-x(L). Our in vitro and in vivo data not only open a window of
      opportunities for the development of novel cancer treatments with these compounds
      but also provide structural information that can be used for the design and
      development of novel and more effective analogues.

PMID- 13678405
TI  - A specific mechanism of nonspecific inhibition.
AB  - Promiscuous small molecules plague screening libraries and hit lists. Previous
      work has found that several nonspecific compounds form submicrometer aggregates,
      and it has been suggested that this aggregate species is responsible for the
      inhibition of many different enzymes. It is not understood how aggregates inhibit
      their targets. To address this question, biophysical, kinetic, and microscopy
      methods were used to study the interaction of promiscuous, aggregate-forming
      inhibitors with model proteins. By use of centrifugation and gel electrophoresis,
      aggregates and protein were found to directly interact. This is consistent with a
      subsequent observation from confocal fluorescence microscopy that aggregates
      concentrate green fluorescent protein. beta-Lactamase mutants with increased or
      decreased thermodynamic stability relative to wild-type enzyme were equally
      inhibited by an aggregate-forming compound, suggesting that denaturation by
      unfolding was not the primary mechanism of interaction. Instead, visualization by
      electron microscopy revealed that enzyme associates with the surface of inhibitor
      aggregates. This association could be reversed or prevented by the addition of
      Triton X-100. These observations suggest that the aggregates formed by
      promiscuous compounds reversibly sequester enzyme, resulting in apparent
      inhibition. They also suggest a simple method to identify or reverse the action
      of aggregate-based inhibitors, which appear to be widespread.

PMID- 13678406
TI  - Synthesis and biological characterization of 1-methyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridyl
      1,2,5-thiadiazole derivatives as muscarinic agonists for the treatment of
      neurological disorders.
AB  - Muscarinic agonists might be useful in the treatment of neurological disorders,
      including Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, chronic pain, and drug abuse.
      Previous studies identified a series of bis-1,2,5-thiadiazole derivatives of
      1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine with high activity and selectivity for muscarinic
      receptors. To develop compounds with improved central nervous system penetration,
      several new derivatives were synthesized and characterized for muscarinic
      receptor binding and activity. One ligand (11) exhibited agonist activity at
      M(1), M(2), and M(4) receptors, a selectivity profile suggesting potential
      utility in the treatment of schizophrenia.

PMID- 13678407
TI  - Pyrazolo[4,3-e]-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine derivatives as adenosine receptor
      antagonists. Influence of the N5 substituent on the affinity at the human A 3 and
      A 2B adenosine receptor subtypes: a molecular modeling investigation.
AB  - A new series of pyrazolo[4,3-e]-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidines bearing various
      substituents at both the N5-pyrimidinyl and N8-pyrazolyl positions have been
      synthesized, and their binding affinities at the four human adenosine receptor
      subtypes (hA(1), hA(2A), hA(2B), and hA(3)) have been evaluated. All the
      described compounds contain arylacetyl moieties at the N5 position and arylalkyl
      substituents at the N8 position. Surprisingly, all the compounds present their
      most potent affinities at the hA(2B) adenosine receptor with a range of
      selectivities against the other subtypes. When bulky groups are present
      simultaneously at the N5 and N8 positions (e.g., compound 9), the best
      selectivity for the hA(2B) receptor was observed (K(i)(hA(1)) = 1100 nM;
      K(i)(hA(2A)) = 800 nM; K(i)(hA(2B)) = 20 nM; K(i)(hA(3)) = 300 nM,
      K(i)(hA(1)/A(2B)) = 55, K(i)(hA(2A)/A(2B)) = 40, K(i)(hA(3)/hA(2B)) = 15). To
      understand the molecular significance of these results, we compared the putative
      TM (transmembrane) binding motif of compound 9 on both hA(2B) and hA(3)
      receptors. From our docking studies, compound 9 fits neatly inside the TM region
      of the hA(2B) receptor but not in the corresponding hA(3) region, illustrating
      significant differences between the two subtypes. The study herein presented
      permits an understanding of why the bioisosteric replacement of an -NH, present
      in previously reported hA(3) receptor antagonists, with a -CH(2) group at the N5
      position induces such large differences in hA(2B)/hA(3) affinity. In the
      molecular structure of the hA(3) receptor, two residues, Ser243 (TM6) and Ser271
      (TM7), create a hydrophilic region, which seems to permit a better accommodation
      of the phenylurea series into this putative hA(3) binding site than the
      phenylacetyl series.

PMID- 13678408
TI  - Synthesis and crystal structures of substituted benzenes and benzoquinones as
      tissue factor VIIa inhibitors.
AB  - Several multistep syntheses of substituted benzenes are reported. The benzene
      analogues were designed such that their substitution pattern would occupy and
      interact with the S(1), S(2), and S(3) pockets of the tissue Factor VIIa enzyme.
      A variety of chemical transformations including nucleophilic additions, reductive
      aminations, Stille couplings, and polymer-assisted solution-phase (PASP)
      techniques were used to prepare key intermediates and final products. The initial
      analogues identified some weakly active compounds which ultimately led to a 340
      nM (IC(50)) tissue Factor VIIa inhibitor with selectivity over other related
      enzymes. The structure-activity relationship of these inhibitors and the
      synthetic progression from the discovery of the lead compound to the development
      of potent analogues will be discussed. The X-ray crystal structures of
      fluorobenzene 50c and benzoquinone 54 inhibitors complexed with the TF/VIIa
      enzyme will also be described.

PMID- 13678409
TI  - The combi-targeting concept: chemical dissection of the dual targeting properties
      of a series of "combi-triazenes".
AB  - The combi-targeting concept postulates that a molecule termed a "combi-molecule"
      designed to interact with an oncoreceptor on its own and allowed to further
      degrade to another more stable inhibitor of the latter receptor + a DNA-damaging
      species should be more potent than the individual combination of the same
      inhibitor with a DNA-damaging agent in cells expressing the targeted receptor.
      Recently, using the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as a target, we
      demonstrated the feasibility of combi-molecules with dual EGFR/DNA-targeting
      properties and with the ability to degrade to another potent inhibitor of EGFR.
      However, despite a clear demonstration of their superior potency when compared
      with classical combinations in EGFR-expressing cells, the true contribution of
      each fragment of the combi-molecules to their overall antiproliferative activity
      remained elusive. Here, we report a structure-function approach whereby a series
      of quinazoline-based "combi-triazenes" were altered to either abrogate the
      affinity of the EGFR-targeting quinazoline head or to suppress the DNA-damaging
      property of the triazene tail. The results showed that (a) inactivation of the
      quinazoline head by appending an N-methylaniline group to its 4-position reduced
      EGFR tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibitory activity by ca. 200-fold and decreased the
      ability of the combi-molecule to block serum-induced growth stimulation in c
      erbB2 transfected NIH3T3 cells by ca. 10-fold, (b) abrogation of the alkylating
      activity or the DNA-damaging potential of the triazene tail by forming 3,3
      dimethyltriazenes did not suppress EGFR TK inhibitory affinity but decreased the
      antiproliferative activity in basal growth assays, and (c) the antiproliferative
      activities of the monoalkyltriazenes that possessed binary EGFR TK inhibitory and
      alkylating activities were superior to those of their monotargeted counterparts.
      The results in toto suggest that each component of the dual targeting property of
      combi-triazenes plays a critical role in their overall antiproliferative
      activity.

PMID- 13678410
TI  - SAR analysis of adenosine diphosphate (hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidinediol inhibition
      of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase.
AB  - Polyadenosine diphosphoribose glycohydrolase (PARG) catalyzes the intracellular
      hydrolysis of adenosine diphosphoribose polymers. Because structure-activity data
      are lacking for PARG, the specific inhibitor adenosine diphosphate
      (hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidinediol (ADP-HPD) was utilized to determine the effects of
      structure on inhibitor potency using PARG isolated from bovine thymus (bPARG) and
      recombinant bovine PARG catalytic fragment (rPARG-CF). Both enzymes were strongly
      inhibited by submicromolar levels of ADP-HPD, but ADP and the phosphorylated
      pyrrolidine displayed no activity. Utilizing ADP-HPD analogues containing 2-,
      N(6), or 8-adenosyl substituents or guanine instead of adenine, the importance of
      adenine ring recognition as well as a correlation between loss of PARG inhibition
      and the length and bulkiness of 8-adenosyl substituents was shown. Utilization of
      ADP-HPD analogues lacking one or both pyrrolidine cis-hydroxyls demonstrated
      their importance for inhibitor binding. Last, the similarity between naturally
      occurring bPARG and heterologously expressed rPARG-CF was demonstrated.
      Therefore, readily available rPARG-CF is suitable for use in future studies to
      determine the structural aspects of PARG.

PMID- 13678411
TI  - Imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazines, novel nucleus with potent and broad spectrum activity
      against human picornaviruses: design, synthesis, and biological evaluation.
AB  - A novel structural class of picornavirus inhibitors comprising an imidazo[1,2
      b]pyridazine nucleus was discovered. 2-Aminoimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazines (6d, (E/Z)
      7b, (E)-7d, (Z)-7d, (E/Z)-8b, (E)-10b, (E)-13a, (Z)-13a, (E)-13b, (Z)-13b, (E)
      13c, and (Z)-13c) were designed and synthesized in an effort to identify potent
      broad spectrum antirhinoviral agents. A practical synthetic route to this
      chemical scaffold has been developed. The target compounds were evaluated in a
      plaque reduction assay and in a cytopathic effect assay. Our preliminary SAR
      studies highlight the minimum structural features required for antirhinovirus
      activity. Our data suggest that the nature of the linker between the phenyl and
      the imidazopyridazine moieties has a significant influence on the activity of
      these compounds. Oximes are slightly better than vinyl carboxamides at this
      position. The oximes are the most potent analogues against human rhinovirus 14
      (HRV-14), and at the concentrations evaluated, no apparent cellular toxicity is
      noted. Furthermore, the E geometry appears to be a key element for activity; the
      Z isomer leads to a considerable loss in potency. Of particular interest,
      analogue 7b exhibits potent broad-spectrum antirhinoviral and antienteroviral
      activity when evaluated against a panel of seven additional rhino- and
      enteroviruses. The chemistry and the biological evaluations are discussed.

PMID- 13678412
TI  - Structures and cytotoxic properties of trichoverroids and their macrolide
      analogues produced by saltwater culture of Myrothecium verrucaria.
AB  - Saltwater culture of Myrothecium verrucaria, separated from a Spongia sp.
      collected in Hawaii, was a source of three new trichothecenes, 3-hydroxyroridin E
      (1a), 13'-acetyltrichoverrin B (2), and miophytocen C (3) and nine known related
      compounds (1b, 4, 5, 6, 7a, 7b, 8, 9a, and 9b). The stereostructures of the new
      compounds were established on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectral analyses and a
      chemical transformation. At the same time, the stereostructures of known
      compounds, 1b, 4, and 5 reported previously were also elucidated. All the
      compounds except 3 showed significant cytotoxicity against murine and human tumor
      cell lines. Moreover, the structure-activity relationships (SARs) were
      established from the results of the bioassay data.

PMID- 13678413
TI  - Metabolites of febrifugine and its synthetic analogue by mouse liver S9 and their
      antimalarial activity against Plasmodium malaria parasite.
AB  - Quinazolinone type alkaloids, febrifugine (1) and isofebrifugine (2), isolated
      from Dichroa febrifuga roots, show powerful antimalarial activity against
      Plasmodium falciparum. Unfortunately, their emetic effect and other undesirable
      side effects have precluded their clinical use for malaria. Because of their
      antimalarial potency, analogues were searched for, with the goal of preserving
      the strong antimalarial activity, while dramatically reducing side effects. We
      expected that compounds useful in drug development would exist in metabolites
      derived from 1 and Df-1 (3), the condensation product of 1 with acetone, by mouse
      liver S9. Feb-A and -B (4 and 5) were isolated as the major metabolites of 1. In
      addition to 4 and 5, feb-C and -D (6 and 7) were also purified from the metabolic
      mixture of 3. Compounds 4 and 5 were compounds oxidized at C-6 and C-2 of the
      quinazolinone ring of 1, respectively. Compounds 6 and 7, derived from 3, also
      bear febrifugine type structures in which the 4' '- and 6' '-positions of the
      piperidine ring of 1 were oxidized. In vitro antimalarial and cytotoxic tests
      using synthetically obtained racemic 4-6 and enantiomerically pure 7 demonstrated
      that 4 and 6 had antimalarial activity against P. falciparum, of similar potency
      to that of 1, with high selectivity. The antimalarial activity of 5 and 7,
      however, was dramatically decreased in the test. The in vitro antimalarial
      activity of analogues 22 and 43, which are stereoisomers of 4 and 6, was also
      evaluated, showing that 22 is active. The results suggest that basicity of both
      the 1- and the 1' '-nitrogen atoms of 1 is crucial in conferring powerful
      antimalarial activity. Racemic 4 and 6 exhibited powerful in vivo antimalarial
      activity against mouse malaria P. berghei, and especially, no serious side
      effects were observed with 4. Thus, the metabolite 4 appears to be a promising
      lead compound for the development of new types of antimalarial drugs.

PMID- 13678414
TI  - Informative library design as an efficient strategy to identify and optimize
      leads: application to cyclin-dependent kinase 2 antagonists.
AB  - The application of an informative, iterative library design strategy is presented
      for lead identification and optimization. The computational algorithm underlying
      informative design systematically uses data from both active and inactive
      compounds and maximizes the information gained from subsequent design-synthesis
      screening cycles. Retrospective analysis of a released dataset of 17 550
      compounds and corresponding cyclin-dependent kinase-2 activities showed that
      informative library design yields significant enrichments of active compounds and
      efficiently discovers novel chemotypes in comparison with commonly used diversity
      similarity protocols.

PMID- 13678415
TI  - Diagnosis of heart failure using urinary natriuretic peptides.
AB  - In the present study, we assessed the use of urinary natriuretic peptides [N
      terminal proatrial natriuretic peptide (N-ANP) and N-terminal pro-brain
      natriuretic peptide (N-BNP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP)] in the
      diagnosis of heart failure. Thirty-four consecutive hospitalized heart failure
      patients (median age, 75.5 years; 14 female) were compared with 82 age- and
      gender-matched echocardiographically normal controls. All subjects provided
      plasma and urine specimens. Plasma was assayed for N-BNP, and urine was assayed
      for N-ANP, N-BNP and CNP. The diagnostic efficiency of peptides was assessed
      using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. All three urinary
      natriuretic peptides were significantly elevated in heart failure patients ( P
      <0.001). Urine N-BNP was correlated with plasma N-BNP ( r (s)=0.53, P <0.0005).
      Areas under the ROC curves for urinary N-ANP, N-BNP and CNP were 0.86, 0.93 and
      0.70 and for plasma N-BNP was 0.96. Correcting urinary peptide levels using urine
      creatinine produced ROC areas of 0.89, 0.93 and 0.76 respectively. A urine N-BNP
      level cut-off point of 11.6 fmol/ml had a sensitivity and specificity for heart
      failure detection of 97% and 78% respectively, with positive and negative
      predictive values of 64.7 and 98%. In conclusion, although all three natriuretic
      peptides were elevated in urine in heart failure, urinary N-BNP had diagnostic
      accuracy comparable with plasma N-BNP. Use of urinary N-BNP for heart failure
      diagnosis may be suitable for high-throughput screening, especially in subjects
      reluctant to provide blood samples.

PMID- 13678417
TI  - Glucose 6-phosphate causes translocation of phosphorylase in hepatocytes and
      inactivates the enzyme synergistically with glucose.
AB  - The role of glucose 6-P (glucose 6-phosphate) in regulating the activation state
      of glycogen synthase and its translocation is well documented. In the present
      study, we investigated the effects of glucose 6-P on the activation state and
      compartmentation of phosphorylase in hepatocytes. Glucose 6-P levels were
      modulated in hepatocytes by glucokinase overexpression or inhibition with 5
      thioglucose and the effects of AMP were tested using AICAR (5-aminoimidazole-4
      carboxamide 1-beta-D-ribofuranoside), which is metabolized to an AMP analogue.
      Inhibition of glucokinase partially counteracted the effect of glucose both on
      the inactivation of phosphorylase and on the translocation of phosphorylase a
      from a soluble to a particulate fraction. The increase in glucose 6-P caused by
      glucokinase overexpression caused translocation of phosphorylase a to the pellet
      and had additive effects with glucose on inactivation of phosphorylase. It
      decreased the glucose concentration that caused half-maximal inactivation from 20
      to 11 mM, indicating that it acts synergistically with glucose. AICAR activated
      phosphorylase and counteracted the effect of glucose 6-P on phosphorylase
      inactivation. However, it did not counteract translocation of phosphorylase by
      glucose 6-P. Glucose 6-P and AICAR had opposite effects on the activation state
      of glycogen synthase, but they had additive effects on translocation of the
      enzyme to the pellet. There was a direct correlation between the translocation of
      phosphorylase a and of glycogen synthase to the pellet, suggesting that these
      enzymes translocate in tandem. In conclusion, glucose 6-P causes both
      translocation of phosphorylase and inactivation, indicating a more complex role
      in the regulation of glycogen metabolism than can be explained from regulation of
      glycogen synthase alone.

PMID- 13678418
TI  - Reaction mechanism of chitobiose phosphorylase from Vibrio proteolyticus:
      identification of family 36 glycosyltransferase in Vibrio.
AB  - A family 36 glycosyltransferase gene was cloned from Vibrio proteolyticus. The
      deduced amino acid sequence showed a high degree of identity with ChBP
      (chitobiose phosphorylase) from another species, Vibrio furnissii. The
      recombinant enzyme catalysed the reversible phosphorolysis of (GlcNAc)2
      (chitobiose) to form 2-acetamide-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate [GlcNAc-1-P]
      and GlcNAc, but showed no activity on cellobiose, indicating that the enzyme was
      ChBP, not cellobiose phosphorylase. In the synthetic reaction, the ChBP was
      active with alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate as the donor substrate as well as GlcNAc
      1-P to produce beta-D-glucosyl-(1-->4)-2-acetamide-2-deoxy-D-glucose with GlcNAc
      as the acceptor substrate. The enzyme allowed aryl-beta-glycosides of GlcNAc as
      the acceptor substrate with 10-20% activities of GlcNAc. Kinetic parameters of
      (GlcNAc)2 in the phosphorolysis and GlcNAc-1-P in the synthetic reaction were
      determined as follows: phosphorolysis, k(0)=5.5 s(-1), K(m)=2.0 mM; synthetic
      reaction, k(0)=10 s(-1), K(m)=14 mM, respectively. The mechanism of the
      phosphorolytic reaction followed a sequential Bi Bi mechanism, as frequently
      observed with cellobiose phosphorylases. Substrate inhibition by GlcNAc was
      observed in the synthetic reaction. The enzyme was considered a unique
      biocatalyst for glycosidation.

PMID- 13678419
TI  - Arginyl-tRNA synthetase with signature sequence KMSK from Bacillus
      stearothermophilus.
AB  - ArgRS (arginyl-tRNA synthetase) belongs to the class I aaRSs (aminoacyl-tRNA
      synthetases), though the majority of ArgRS species lack the canonical KMSK
      sequence characteristic of class I aaRSs. A DNA fragment of the ArgRS gene from
      Bacillus stearothermophilus was amplified using primers designed according to the
      conserved regions of known ArgRSs. Through analysis of the amplified DNA sequence
      and known tRNA(Arg)s with a published genomic sequence of B. stearothermophilus,
      the gene encoding ArgRS ( argS ') was amplified by PCR and the gene encoding
      tRNA(Arg) (ACG) was synthesized. ArgRS contained 557 amino acid residues
      including the canonical KMKS sequence. Recombinant ArgRS and tRNA(Arg) (ACG) were
      expressed in Escherichia coli. ArgRS purified by nickel-affinity chromatography
      had no ATPase activity. The kinetics of ArgRS and cross-recognition between
      ArgRSs and tRNA(Arg)s from B. stearothermophilus and E. coli were studied. The
      activities of B. stearothermophilus ArgRS mutated at Lys(382) and Lys(385) of the
      KMSK sequence and at Gly(136) upstream of the HIGH loop were determined. From the
      mutation results, we concluded that there was mutual compensation of Lys(385) and
      Gly(136) for the amino acid-activation activity of B. stearothermophilus ArgRS.

PMID- 13678416
TI  - A perspective of polyamine metabolism.
AB  - Polyamines are essential for the growth and function of normal cells. They
      interact with various macromolecules, both electrostatically and covalently and,
      as a consequence, have a variety of cellular effects. The complexity of polyamine
      metabolism and the multitude of compensatory mechanisms that are invoked to
      maintain polyamine homoeostasis argue that these amines are critical to cell
      survival. The regulation of polyamine content within cells occurs at several
      levels, including transcription and translation. In addition, novel features such
      as the +1 frameshift required for antizyme production and the rapid turnover of
      several of the enzymes involved in the pathway make the regulation of polyamine
      metabolism a fascinating subject. The link between polyamine content and human
      disease is unequivocal, and significant success has been obtained in the
      treatment of a number of parasitic infections. Targeting the polyamine pathway as
      a means of treating cancer has met with limited success, although the development
      of drugs such as DFMO (alpha-difluoromethylornithine), a rationally designed
      anticancer agent, has revolutionized our understanding of polyamine function in
      cell growth and provided 'proof of concept' that influencing polyamine metabolism
      and content within tumour cells will prevent tumour growth. The more recent
      development of the polyamine analogues has been pivotal in advancing our
      understanding of the necessity to deplete all three polyamines to induce
      apoptosis in tumour cells. The current thinking is that the polyamine
      inhibitors/analogues may also be useful agents in the chemoprevention of cancer
      and, in this area, we may yet see a revival of DFMO. The future will be in
      adopting a functional genomics approach to identifying polyamine-regulated genes
      linked to either carcinogenesis or apoptosis.

PMID- 13678420
TI  - Protease-activated receptor-4 uses dual prolines and an anionic retention motif
      for thrombin recognition and cleavage.
AB  - Thrombin activation of human platelets is mediated by the high-affinity PAR1
      (protease-activated receptor-1) and the low-affinity PAR4 receptor. PAR1 and PAR4
      exhibit markedly disparate kinetics of activation that likely reflect differences
      in the macromolecular association of thrombin with their respective N-terminal
      extracellular domains (exodomains). Here we examine the mechanism of initial
      thrombin binding and cleavage of the high- and low-affinity PAR exodomains using
      steady-state kinetic analyses. We showed that the PAR4 exodomain lacks the
      functional hirudin-like sequence found in PAR1 and does not bind exosite I to
      cause allosteric activation or inhibition of thrombin. Instead, PAR4 contains an
      anionic cluster, Asp(57)...Asp(59) ...Glu(62)...Asp(65) (DDED), in its exodomain,
      which slows the dissociation of PAR4 from the cationic thrombin. The analogous
      anionic residues in the PAR1 exodomain do not influence affinity for thrombin.
      Although PAR4 is cleaved more slowly than PAR1 on the cell surface, peptides
      containing the PAR4 P(4)-P(1) active-site-interacting sequence, Pro(45)-Ala-Pro
      Arg (PAPR), are efficiently cleaved due to the optimal placement of dual prolines
      at positions P(4) and P(2). In comparison, thrombin has low affinity and slow
      cleavage rates for peptides that have a P(3) proline as occurs in human PAR3.
      Thus, to compensate for the lack of exosite I binding, PAR4 utilizes proline
      residues in its P(4)-P(1) sequence to provide high-affinity interactions with the
      active site and an anionic cluster to slow dissociation from the cationic
      thrombin.

PMID- 13678423
TI  - Diversification of U.S. medical schools via affirmative action implementation.
AB  - BACKGROUND: The diversification of medical school student and faculty bodies via
      race-conscious affirmative action policy is a societal and legal option for the
      U.S. Supreme Court has recently ruled its use constitutional. This paper
      investigates the implications of affirmative action, particularly race-conscious
      compared to race-blind admissions policy; explains how alternative programs are
      generally impractical; and provides a brief review of the history and legality of
      affirmative action in the United States. DISCUSSION: Selection based solely on
      academic qualifications such as GPA and MCAT scores does not achieve racial and
      ethnic diversity in medical school, nor does it adequately predict success as
      practicing physicians. However, race-conscious preference yields greater practice
      in underserved and often minority populations, furthers our biomedical research
      progression, augments health care for minority patients, and fosters an
      exceptional medical school environment where students are better able to serve an
      increasingly multicultural society. SUMMARY: The implementation of race-conscious
      affirmative action results in diversity in medicine. Such diversity has shown
      increased medical practice in underserved areas, thereby providing better health
      care for the American people.

PMID- 13678422
TI  - Molecular phylogeny of the kelch-repeat superfamily reveals an expansion of
      BTB/kelch proteins in animals.
AB  - BACKGROUND: The kelch motif is an ancient and evolutionarily-widespread sequence
      motif of 44-56 amino acids in length. It occurs as five to seven repeats that
      form a beta-propeller tertiary structure. Over 28 kelch-repeat proteins have been
      sequenced and functionally characterised from diverse organisms spanning from
      viruses, plants and fungi to mammals and it is evident from expressed sequence
      tag, domain and genome databases that many additional hypothetical proteins
      contain kelch-repeats. In general, kelch-repeat beta-propellers are involved in
      protein-protein interactions, however the modest sequence identity between kelch
      motifs, the diversity of domain architectures, and the partial information on
      this protein family in any single species, all present difficulties to developing
      a coherent view of the kelch-repeat domain and the kelch-repeat protein
      superfamily. To understand the complexity of this superfamily of proteins, we
      have analysed by bioinformatics the complement of kelch-repeat proteins encoded
      in the human genome and have made comparisons to the kelch-repeat proteins
      encoded in other sequenced genomes. RESULTS: We identified 71 kelch-repeat
      proteins encoded in the human genome, whereas 5 or 8 members were identified in
      yeasts and around 18 in C. elegans, D. melanogaster and A. gambiae. Multiple
      domain architectures were identified in each organism, including previously
      unrecognised forms. The vast majority of kelch-repeat domains are predicted to
      form six-bladed beta-propellers. The most prevalent domain architecture in the
      metazoan animal genomes studied was the BTB/kelch domain organisation and we
      uncovered 3 subgroups of human BTB/kelch proteins. Sequence analysis of the kelch
      repeat domains of the most robustly-related subgroups identified differences in
      beta-propeller organisation that could provide direction for experimental study
      of protein-binding characteristics. CONCLUSION: The kelch-repeat superfamily
      constitutes a distinct and evolutionarily-widespread family of beta-propeller
      domain-containing proteins. Expansion of the family during the evolution of
      multicellular animals is mainly accounted for by a major expansion of the
      BTB/kelch domain architecture. BTB/kelch proteins constitute 72 % of the kelch
      repeat superfamily of H. sapiens and form three subgroups, one of which appears
      the most-conserved during evolution. Distinctions in propeller blade organisation
      between subgroups 1 and 2 were identified that could provide new direction for
      biochemical and functional studies of novel kelch-repeat proteins.

PMID- 13678424
TI  - Red light accelerates and melatonin retards metamorphosis of frog tadpoles.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Earlier studies from this laboratory reported that light and its
      spectra influence reproduction in the Indian skipper frog Rana cyanophlyctis
      through both ocular and extra ocular photoreception. During the course of our
      ongoing studies on chromotactic behaviour of the tadpoles, we noticed that
      tadpoles held in red light metamorphosed earlier than those held in white or
      other colours of light. The focus of the present study therefore was to examine
      the effect of red light on metamorphosis of the tadpoles. RESULTS: Tadpoles, both
      intact and blind (optectomised), held in red light metamorphosed earlier than
      those held in white light. Addition of melatonin to aquarium water (5
      micrograms/litre) prevented the red light-induced acceleration of metamorphosis
      both in intact and blinded tadpoles. CONCLUSION: Both ocular and extra-ocular
      perception of light is involved in red light-induced precocious metamorphosis.
      Melatonin inhibits the red light-induced acceleration of metamorphosis. The
      mechanism by which red light accelerates metamorphosis is not yet known.
      Melatonin counteracts red-light induced acceleration of metamorphosis in this
      tadpole.

PMID- 13678426
TI  - SMART: self-management of anticoagulation, a randomised trial [ISRCTN19313375].
AB  - BACKGROUND: Oral anticoagulation monitoring has traditionally taken place in
      secondary care because of the need for a laboratory blood test, the international
      normalised ratio (INR). The development of reliable near patient testing (NPT)
      systems for INR estimation has facilitated devolution of testing to primary care.
      Patient self-management is a logical progression from the primary care model.
      This study will be the first to randomise non-selected patients in primary care,
      to either self-management or standard care. METHOD: The study was a multi-centred
      randomised controlled trial with patients from 49 general practices recruited.
      Those suitable for inclusion were aged 18 or over, with a long term indication
      for oral anticoagulation, who had taken warfarin for at least six months.
      Patients randomised to the intervention arm attended at least two training
      sessions which were practice-based, 1 week apart. Each patient was assessed on
      their capability to undertake self management. If considered capable, they were
      given a near patient INR testing monitor, test strips and quality control
      material for home testing. Patients managed their own anticoagulation for a
      period of 12 months and performed their INR test every 2 weeks. Control patients
      continued with their pre-study care either attending hospital or practice based
      anticoagulant clinics. DISCUSSION: The methodology used in this trial will
      overcome concerns from previous trials of selection bias and relevance to the UK
      health service. The study will give a clearer understanding of the benefits of
      self-management in terms of clinical and cost effectiveness and patient
      preference.

PMID- 13678421
TI  - Structure and function of efflux pumps that confer resistance to drugs.
AB  - Resistance to therapeutic drugs encompasses a diverse range of biological
      systems, which all have a human impact. From the relative simplicity of bacterial
      cells, fungi and protozoa to the complexity of human cancer cells, resistance has
      become problematic. Stated in its simplest terms, drug resistance decreases the
      chance of providing successful treatment against a plethora of diseases.
      Worryingly, it is a problem that is increasing, and consequently there is a
      pressing need to develop new and effective classes of drugs. This has provided a
      powerful stimulus in promoting research on drug resistance and, ultimately, it is
      hoped that this research will provide novel approaches that will allow the
      deliberate circumvention of well understood resistance mechanisms. A major
      mechanism of resistance in both microbes and cancer cells is the membrane protein
      catalysed extrusion of drugs from the cell. Resistant cells exploit proton-driven
      antiporters and/or ATP-driven ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transporters to extrude
      cytotoxic drugs that usually enter the cell by passive diffusion. Although some
      of these drug efflux pumps transport specific substrates, many are transporters
      of multiple substrates. These multidrug pumps can often transport a variety of
      structurally unrelated hydrophobic compounds, ranging from dyes to lipids. If we
      are to nullify the effects of efflux-mediated drug resistance, we must first of
      all understand how these efflux pumps can accommodate a diverse range of
      compounds and, secondly, how conformational changes in these proteins are coupled
      to substrate translocation. These are key questions that must be addressed. In
      this review we report on the advances that have been made in understanding the
      structure and function of drug efflux pumps.

PMID- 13678425
TI  - Knockdown of STAT3 expression by RNAi induces apoptosis in astrocytoma cells.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Astrocytomas are the most common type of primary central nervous
      system tumors. They are frequently associated with genetic mutations that
      deregulate cell cycle and render these tumors resistant to apoptosis. STAT3,
      signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, participates in several human
      cancers by inducing cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis and is frequently
      activated in astrocytomas. METHODS: RNA interference was used to knockdown STAT3
      expression in human astrocytes and astrocytoma cell lines. The effect of STAT3
      knockdown on apoptosis, cell proliferation, and gene expression was then assessed
      by standard methods. RESULTS: We have found that STAT3 is constitutively
      activated in several human astrocytoma cell lines. Knockdown of STAT3 expression
      by siRNA induces morphologic and biochemical changes consistent with apoptosis in
      several astrocytoma cell lines, but not in primary human astrocytes. Moreover,
      STAT3 is required for the expression of the antiapoptotic genes survivin and Bcl
      xL in the A172 glioblastoma cell line. CONCLUSION: These results show that STAT3
      is required for the survival of some astrocytomas. These studies suggest STAT3
      siRNA could be a useful therapeutic agent for the treatment of astrocytomas.

PMID- 13678428
TI  - Innate immune response against nonsegmented negative strand RNA viruses.
AB  - Innate immune response represents the hallmark of host defense against foreign
      pathogens, including viruses. Not only does this response combat viruses during
      initial stages of infection, but it shapes the adaptive immune response as well.
      This review focuses on this critical host defense mechanism, the innate immune
      response, in the context of infection by nonsegmented negative strand RNA viruses
      of the Paramyxoviridae family. We specifically focus on the two critical
      transcription factors, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and interferon (IFN)
      regulatory factor-3 (IRF-3), that play an important role in establishing an
      innate antiviral state. The antiviral cytokine IFN-alpha/beta (IFN type I)
      produced following viral infection as a result of activation of NF-kappaB or IRF
      3 or both exerts an antiviral state by inducing the Janus kinases/signal
      transducer and activator (Jak-Stat) pathway. In that context, our review
      discusses various strategies adopted by these viruses to counteract and evade the
      antiviral action of IFN I for replicative advantages, especially after modulation
      of the Jak-Stat antiviral pathway. Understanding this interplay between the
      innate immune response and viral replication is fundamental to probing into the
      molecular basis of host-virus interaction.

PMID- 13678427
TI  - Adipocyte-derived leucine aminopeptidase genotype and response to
      antihypertensive therapy.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Adipocyte-derived leucine aminopeptidase (ALAP) is a recently
      identified member of the M1 family of zinc-metallopeptidases and is thought to
      play a role in blood pressure control through inactivation of angiotensin II
      and/or generation of bradykinin. The enzyme seems to be particularly abundant in
      the heart. Recently, the Arg528-encoding allele of the ALAP gene was shown to be
      associated with essential hypertension. METHODS: We evaluated the influence of
      this polymorphism on the change in left ventricular mass index in 90 patients
      with essential hypertension and echocardiographically diagnosed left ventricular
      hypertrophy, randomised in a double-blind study to receive treatment with either
      the angiotensin II type I receptor antagonist irbesartan or the beta1
      adrenoceptor blocker atenolol for 48 weeks. Genyotyping was performed using
      minisequencing. RESULTS: After adjustment for potential covariates (blood
      pressure and left ventricular mass index at baseline, blood pressure change, age,
      sex, dose and added antihypertensive treatment), there was a marked difference
      between the Arg/Arg and Lys/Arg genotypes in patients treated with irbesartan;
      those with the Arg/Arg genotype responded on average with an almost two-fold
      greater regression of left ventricular mass index than patients with the Lys/Arg
      genotype (-30.1 g/m2 [3.6] vs -16.7 [4.5], p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The ALAP
      genotype seems to determine the degree of regression of left ventricular
      hypertrophy during antihypertensive treatment with the angiotensin II type I
      receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with essential hypertension and left
      ventricular hypertrophy. This is the first report of a role for
      ALAP/aminopeptidases in left ventricular mass regulation, and suggests a new
      potential target for antihypertensive drugs.

PMID- 13678430
TI  - Regulatory role of nitric oxide on monocyte-derived dendritic cell functions.
AB  - Nitric oxide (NO) has an established role in the defense against bacterial
      infections and exerts multiple modulatory activities on both inflammatory and
      immune responses. However, the relevance of NO on dendritic cell (DC) functions
      has been poorly investigated. In this study, we found that addition of the NO
      donor S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) to monocyte-derived DCs matured by
      lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or soluble CD40 ligand led to a decreased capacity to
      activate naive allogeneic T cells but a more prominent Th1 polarization, with
      increased interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) secretion and reduced interleukin-5 (IL-5)
      release. The presence of GSNO during maturation of DCs caused a reduced
      expression of surface CD86, whereas CD80, CD83, and MHC molecule expression was
      not affected. Moreover, GSNO induced a dose-dependent decrease of IL-10 and
      enhancement of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) release from mature DCs.
      In parallel, a marked reduced production of IL-12 p40 subunit but no significant
      perturbation of the bioactive IL-12 p70 production was observed. Finally, GSNO
      significantly reduced the release of IP-10/CXCL10 and RANTES/CCL5 but not IL
      8/CXCL8 by mature DCs. Although GSNO can strengthen the capacity of mature DCs to
      induce type 1 polarization of T lymphocytes, our data suggest that it elicits
      distinct anti-inflammatory functions, eventually reducing T lymphocyte
      proliferation and recruitment.

PMID- 13678429
TI  - Synergistic transcriptional activation of indoleamine dioxygenase by IFN-gamma
      and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
AB  - Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-induced indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity
      inhibits the growth of susceptible intracellular pathogens by catalyzing the
      oxidative cleavage of the indole ring of L-tryptophan and depleting pools of the
      essential amino acid. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) synergistically
      enhances the IDO activity induced by IFN-gamma at the level of transcription in
      human epithelial cells. The purpose of this study was to characterize the
      molecular mechanisms responsible for synergistic gene expression in response to
      IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. It was found that IFN-gamma-induced mechanisms, such as
      the binding of Stat1 to gamma activation sequences (GAS) and IFN regulatory
      factor-1 (IRF-1) to IFN-stimulated response elements (ISREs), are more highly
      activated following treatment with IFN and TNF-alpha. This enhanced signal
      transduction may be due to the increase in IFN-gamma receptor (IFNGR) expression
      following combined cytokine stimulation and is a likely contributor to the
      synergy. Additionally, the contribution of a third previously uncharacterized GAS
      element that forms a complex with Stat1 was investigated using a plasmid reporter
      system that controls for copy number. When the GAS-3 sequence was included in the
      regulatory region, gene expression was significantly increased relative to a
      region containing the mutated GAS-3. This suggests that GAS-3 is
      transcriptionally active and contributes to IFN-gamma-induced regulation of the
      IDO gene.

PMID- 13678431
TI  - Induction of hair regrowth in the alopecia site of IFN-gamma knockout mice by
      allografting and IFN-gamma injection into the transplantation site.
AB  - We previously demonstrated that around 6 weeks of age most of the interferon
      gamma (IFN-gamma)(-/-) but none of the IFN-gamma(+/+) C57BL/6 mice began to lose
      hair in their dorsal or occipital areas or both and that a single s.c. injection
      of IFN-gamma into IFN-gamma(-/-) mice at 3 but not at 8 weeks of age (or later)
      could protect all the mice from alopecia. Here, we report hair regrowth in the
      alopecia site of IFN-gamma(-/-) mice at 8 weeks of age (or later) by the
      combination of IFN-gamma and allografting. Skin or tumor allografting and IFN
      gamma injections into the transplantation site induced hair regrowth in the
      alopecia site of IFN-gamma(-/-) mice at 8-66 weeks of age, whereas IFN-gamma
      injections into the hairless site or allografting alone was ineffective in
      causing the hair regrowth. Histologic findings showed that the hair cycle in the
      region of alopecia of IFN-gamma(-/-) mice was blocked at the anagen stage and
      that in the IFN-gamma(-/-) mice treated with IFN-gamma and allografting, the
      cycle was at the telogen stage. The therapeutic effects were maintained for >1
      year.

PMID- 13678432
TI  - Lack of proapoptotic activity of soluble CD95 ligand is due to its failure to
      induce CD95 oligomers.
AB  - CD95 and CD95 ligand (CD95L) are critical molecules of the immune system. They
      play an important role in regulating T cell apoptosis. The membrane form of CD95L
      can be cleaved to release a soluble version, which possesses reduced apoptotic
      activity. In this study, we formally demonstrate that the reduced activity of
      soluble CD95L is due to its inability to oligomerize the CD95 receptor, an event
      that is critical for initiating death signaling from the receptor.

PMID- 13678433
TI  - Characterization of p40 and IL-10 in the BALF of patients with pulmonary
      sarcoidosis.
AB  - This study investigated cytokine protein levels (interleukin-12 p70 [IL-12p70],
      p40, and IL-10) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from patients with
      pulmonary sarcoidosis (n = 59), healthy control subjects (n = 17), and patients
      with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (n = 30). The relationship between
      cytokine levels and clinical course of sarcoidosis was also examined. Overall,
      p40 was far more abundant than IL-12p70. p40 levels (pg/ml, mean +/- SEM) were
      significantly higher in the BALF from patients with sarcoidosis (2.97 +/- 3.69)
      than in IPF patients (0.83 +/- 1.57) and healthy subjects (0.78 +/- 1.00). Size
      exclusion chromatography indicated that p40 detected in BALF from sarcoidosis
      patients corresponded to p40 monomers or (p40)(2) homodimers. Further, p40 levels
      were associated with (paralleled) the clinical course of sarcoidosis, with the
      highest levels detected in BALF from patients with persistent disease. Higher p40
      levels were also found in the BALF from sarcoid patients who required
      corticosteroid treatment compared with patients with spontaneous regression (3.51
      +/- 3.83 vs. 2.01 +/- 3.43, p = 0.03). IL-10 concentrations paralleled p40
      changes. No similar association was found for IL-12p70 levels. In conclusion,
      this report shows that the BALF from patients with sarcoidosis contains elevated
      levels of p40, (p40)(2), and IL-10 protein but not of IL-12p70. The present data
      also suggest that BALF p40 concentrations may be indicative of the sarcoidosis
      clinical course.

PMID- 13678436
TI  - Creating alignment and anisotropy in engineered heart tissue: role of boundary
      conditions in a model three-dimensional culture system.
AB  - Electrical and mechanical anisotropy arise from matrix and cellular alignment in
      native myocardium. Generation of anisotropy in engineered heart tissue will be
      required to match native properties and will provide immediate opportunities to
      investigate the genesis and structural determinants of functional anisotropy. We
      investigated the influence of geometry and boundary conditions on fibroblast
      alignment in thin collagen gels. Consistent with previous reports, we found that
      human dermal fibroblasts align parallel to free edges in partially constrained
      gels; in contrast to at least one report, fibroblasts in fully constrained gels
      remained randomly aligned independent of geometry. These experiments allowed us
      to distinguish between two possible mechanisms for such alignment. Mean
      orientations that followed the shape of the free edges and stronger alignment
      nearest the free edges in gels with a variety of geometries suggested that cells
      align parallel to a local free boundary rather than to local lines of tension.
      These findings focus attention on the presence of voids and free surfaces such as
      the endocardium and epicardium, cleavage planes, and blood vessels in governing
      cell and fiber alignment in developing and remodeling myocardium, myocardial scar
      tissue, and engineered heart constructs.

PMID- 13678434
TI  - TNF-alpha microinjection upregulates chemokines and chemokine receptors in the
      central nervous system without inducing leukocyte infiltration.
AB  - Chemokines (chemoattractant cytokines) are key players in the initiation of
      inflammatory cell accumulation in the central nervous system (CNS). Mechanisms
      leading to upregulation of chemokines in CNS pathologic conditions remain largely
      unknown. Numerous in vitro studies showed that inflammatory cytokines stimulate
      cultured CNS cells to produce chemokines. The main goal of this study was to
      analyze if an individual proinflammatory cytokine is sufficient to upregulate the
      chemokine system in the adult CNS in vivo. We analyzed CC chemokine ligand and
      receptor expression in brains from two different strains of mice (SJL and BALB)
      after stereotaxic, intracerebral injection of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF
      alpha). In both strains, we detected similarly increased expression of chemokines
      RANTES/CCL5, macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha)/CCL3, MIP
      1beta/CCL4, and MIP-2, as well as chemokine receptors CCR1, CCR2, and CCR5.
      Interestingly, we did not observe parenchymal leukocyte infiltrates after local
      TNF-alpha delivery. This observation shows that upregulation of chemokines by TNF
      alpha is not sufficient to cause accumulation of leukocytes in the CNS parenchyma
      in both strains of mice.

PMID- 13678437
TI  - Effect of pulse rate on collagen deposition in the tissue-engineered blood
      vessel.
AB  - The effect of mechanical stimulation on the development of tissue-engineered
      blood vessels was examined. In particular, three different rates of radial
      distension were chosen to produce a nonpulsed environment (0 beats per minute
      [bpm]), an adult heart rate (90 bpm), and a fetal heart rate (165 bpm).
      Engineered vessels were cultured for an average of 7 weeks. Vessel walls were
      then analyzed for collagen content and distribution. In addition, extracellular
      matrix remodeling was assessed through measurement of active matrix
      metalloproteinase type 1 (MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases type
      1 (TIMP-1) levels. Vessels grown at a distension rate of 165 bpm had
      significantly higher collagen levels than those grown under static conditions.
      MMP-1 and TIMP-1 levels were also higher under pulsed conditions as compared with
      nonpulsed conditions. For the 90- and 165-bpm conditions, collagen and MMP-1
      levels were not significantly different. TIMP-1 levels were significantly
      elevated at 165 bpm, indicating an increased cellular response to mechanical
      stimulation. Mechanical forces and their transduction represent a means to
      enhance the physical properties of artificial blood vessels, possibly by
      affecting the rate of extracellular matrix deposition and remodeling.

PMID- 13678438
TI  - Bone formation on tissue-engineered cartilage constructs in vivo: effects of
      chondrocyte viability and mechanical loading.
AB  - Interactions between bone and cartilage formation are critical during growth and
      fracture healing and may influence the functional integration of osteochondral
      repair constructs. In this study, the ability of tissue-engineered cartilage
      constructs to support bone formation under controlled mechanical loading
      conditions was evaluated using a lapine hydraulic bone chamber model. Articular
      chondrocytes were seeded onto polymer disks, cultured for 4 weeks in vitro, and
      then transferred to empty bone chambers previously implanted into rabbit femoral
      metaphyses. The effects of chondrocyte viability within the implanted constructs
      and in vivo mechanical loading on bone formation were tested in separate
      experiments. After 4 weeks in vivo, biopsies from the chambers consisted of a
      complex composite of bone, cartilage, and fibrous tissue, with bone forming in
      direct apposition to the cartilage constructs. Microcomputed tomography imaging
      of the chamber biopsies revealed that the implantation of viable constructs
      nearly doubled the bone volume fraction of the chamber tissue from 0.9 to 1.6% as
      compared with the implantation of devitalized constructs in contralateral control
      chambers. The application of an intermittent cyclic mechanical load was found to
      increase the bone volume fraction of the chamber tissue from 0.4 to 3.6% as
      compared with no-load control biopsies. The results of these experiments
      demonstrate that tissue-engineered cartilage constructs implanted into a well
      vascularized bone defect will support direct appositional bone formation and that
      bone formation is significantly influenced by the viability of chondrocytes
      within the constructs and the local mechanical environment in vivo.

PMID- 13678439
TI  - Synergistic action of growth factors and dynamic loading for articular cartilage
      tissue engineering.
AB  - It has previously been demonstrated that dynamic deformational loading of
      chondrocyte-seeded agarose hydrogels over the course of 1 month can increase
      construct mechanical and biochemical properties relative to free-swelling
      controls. The present study examines the manner in which two mediators of matrix
      biosynthesis, the growth factors TGF-beta1 and IGF-I, interact with applied
      dynamic deformational loading. Under free-swelling conditions in control medium
      (C), the [proteoglycan content][collagen content][equilibrium aggregate modulus]
      of cell-laden (10 x 10(6) cells/mL) 2% agarose constructs reached a peak of
      [0.54% wet weight (ww)][0.16% ww][13.4 kPa]c, whereas the addition of TGF-beta1
      or IGF-I to the control medium led to significantly higher peaks of [1.18%
      ww][0.97% ww][23.6 kPa](C-TGF) and [1.00% ww][0.63% ww][19.3 kPa](C-IGF),
      respectively, by day 28 or 35 (p<0.01). Under dynamic loading in control medium
      (L), the measured parameters were [1.10% ww][0.52% ww][24.5 kPa]L, and with the
      addition of TGF-beta1 or IGF-I to the control medium these further increased to
      [1.49% ww][1.07% ww][50.5 kPa](L-TGF) and [1.48% ww][0.81% ww][46.2 kPa](L-IGF),
      respectively (p<0.05). Immunohistochemical staining revealed that type II
      collagen accumulated primarily in the pericellular area under free-swelling
      conditions, but spanned the entire tissue in dynamically loaded constructs.
      Applied in concert, dynamic deformational loading and TGF-beta1 or IGF-I
      increased the aggregate modulus of engineered constructs by 277 or 245%,
      respectively, an increase greater than the sum of either stimulus applied alone.
      These results support the hypothesis that the combination of chemical and
      mechanical promoters of matrix biosynthesis can optimize the growth of tissue
      engineered cartilage constructs.

PMID- 13678441
TI  - Growth of immature articular cartilage in vitro: correlated variation in tensile
      biomechanical and collagen network properties.
AB  - Articular cartilage biochemical composition and mechanical properties evolve
      during in utero and in vivo growth, with marked differences between fetus,
      newborn, and young adult. The objectives of this study were to test whether in
      vitro growth of bovine fetal and newborn calf articular cartilage explants
      resulted in changes in biochemical and tensile properties during up to 6 weeks of
      free-swelling culture in serum-supplemented medium. During this culture period,
      both fetal and calf cartilage grew markedly in size, increasing in dry and wet
      mass by 150-270%. This was due in part to increases in sulfated glycosaminoglycan
      (+248%), collagen (+96%), and pyridinoline cross-link (+133%). This was
      accompanied by an increase in water content so that the concentration of matrix
      components decreased, despite the overall net increase in mass. The ratio of
      pyridinoline cross-link to collagen remained low and characteristic of immature
      tissue. The equilibrium and dynamic tensile moduli and strength of both fetal and
      calf cartilage decreased during the culture period. The biochemical and
      biomechanical properties of the cartilage explants were correlated, such that the
      low values of modulus and strength were associated with low concentrations of
      collagen and pyridinoline. Thus, the tested culture conditions supported growth
      and maintenance cartilage in an immature state, but did not induce biomechanical
      or collagen network maturation.

PMID- 13678440
TI  - Influence of external uniaxial cyclic strain on oriented fibroblast-seeded
      collagen gels.
AB  - This study investigates the influence of cyclic tensile strain, applied to fully
      contracted fibroblast-seeded collagen constructs. The constructs were preloaded
      to either 2 or 10 mN. The preloaded constructs were subsequently subjected to a
      further 10% cyclic strain (0-10%) at 1 Hz, using a triangular waveform, or were
      cultured in the preloaded state. In all cases cellular viability was maintained
      during the conditioning period. Cell proliferation was enhanced by the
      application of cyclic strain within constructs preloaded to both 2 and 10 mN.
      Collagen synthesis was enhanced by cyclic strain within constructs preloaded at 2
      mN only. The profile of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression, determined by
      zymography, was broadly similar in constructs preloaded at 2 mN with or without
      the application of cyclic strain. By contrast, constructs preloaded at 10 mN and
      subjected to cyclic strain expressed enhanced levels of staining for latent MMP
      1, latent MMP-9, and both latent and active MMP-2, when compared with the other
      conditioning regimens. The structural stiffness of constructs preloaded at 2 mN
      and subjected to cyclic strain was enhanced compared with control specimens,
      reflecting the increase in collagen synthesis. By contrast, the initial failure
      loads for cyclically strained constructs preloaded at 10 mN were reduced,
      potentially because of enhanced catabolic activity.

PMID- 13678442
TI  - Ex vivo mechanical evaluation of carbonate apatite-collagen-grafted porous poly-L
      lactic acid membrane in rabbit calvarial bone.
AB  - Appropriate mechanical recovery is an important parameter in successful
      restoration of skeletal defects. Carbonate apatite and type I atelocollagen
      mixture (CAp) was grafted on a porous poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) membrane to
      produce a CAp bilayered PLLA membrane (CAp+PLLA). After implantation, regional
      mechanical change in the membrane was investigated in rabbit calvarial bone
      defects. Dynamic viscoelasticity and elastic modulus of the implanted specimen
      were measured after 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 26, and 52 weeks. The modulus of the
      peripheral part was higher than that of the central part of the implanted area,
      whereas the central part demonstrated a gradual increase. This phenomenon
      indicates that regeneration initially occurs from the periphery of the calvarial
      bone. After 26 weeks, stiffness of the central part became similar to that of the
      periphery in the CAp+PLLA-implanted area. According to this result, measuring
      viscoelasticity of an implanted biodegradable material would be a useful method
      to determine degrees of regeneration and replacement of an implanted region.

PMID- 13678443
TI  - Acousto-optical characterization of the viscoelastic nature of a nuchal elastin
      tissue scaffold.
AB  - A nondestructive, acousto-optical method for characterizing the mechanical loss
      factor of biological tissues and tissue scaffolds is presented and applied to the
      characterization of an elastin tissue scaffold derived from bovine nuchal
      ligament. The method relies on launching guided surface acoustic waves into the
      tissue scaffold with a small speaker and simultaneously illuminating a small
      region of the scaffold distant from the speaker with a low-power HeNe laser. The
      phase lag between the driving acoustic wave and the shift in the backscattered
      laser speckle pattern is determined as a measure of the mechanical loss factor of
      the scaffold, tan delta. Measurements of tan delta and elastic modulus were also
      made by traditional dynamic mechanical loading techniques. Through the central
      portion of the loading cycle, the elastic modulus of the elastin scaffold was 1.2
      x 10(6) +/- 1 x 10(5) N x m(-2) (parallel to fiber orientation). The estimated
      value of tan delta in the direction parallel to the elastin fibers was 0.03 +/-
      0.017 by traditional methods and 0.029 +/- 0.03 when using the acousto-optical
      method. In the direction perpendicular to fiber orientation, tan delta was
      measured as 0.14 +/- 0.056 by the acousto-optical method. Because of a lack of
      mechanical integrity, it was not possible to measure tan delta in the direction
      perpendicular to fiber orientation by traditional methods. The acousto-optical
      method may prove to be useful in the mechanical characterization of developing
      engineered tissues.

PMID- 13678444
TI  - Mechanical strain-stimulated remodeling of tissue-engineered blood vessel
      constructs.
AB  - Progress in tissue-engineering research has renewed optimism about the
      possibility of constructing a physiologically functional blood vessel substitute
      in the laboratory. To this end, we have explored the use of defined mechanical
      stimulation to further the development of vascular tissue analogs. We now report
      our findings on smooth muscle cell and fibroblast-seeded collagen constructs
      exposed to 10% cyclic strain for 4 or 8 days. Our results demonstrate that 4-day
      strained constructs exhibit an enhancement of mechanical properties, likely
      through the remodeling actions of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2). Strain
      stimulated expression of MMP-2 is accompanied by alterations in elastin and
      collagen gene expression. In the context of tissue engineering a blood vessel
      construct, we report that strain-stimulated regulation of MMP-2 activity could
      have a favorable impact on the structural development of the constructs whereas
      overexpression of MMP-2 during prolonged exposure to strain (8 days) could have
      adverse consequences on the structural integrity of the tissue analogs. Taken
      together, these results illustrate the importance of mechanical stimulus as a
      major regulatory component of tissue-engineered blood vessel remodeling.

PMID- 13678445
TI  - The notochordal cell in the nucleus pulposus: a review in the context of tissue
      engineering.
AB  - An understanding of developmental biology can provide useful insights into how
      different tissue-engineered repairs might be designed. During embryogenesis of
      the intervertebral disk, the cells of the notochord play a critical role in
      initiating tissue formation, and may be responsible for development of the
      nucleus pulposus. In some species, including humans, these notochordal cells may
      eventually be lost, either through apoptosis or terminal differentiation, and are
      replaced by chondrocyte-like cells. However, there is some evidence that the
      notochordal cells may persist in at least some humans. This review discusses some
      of the potential applications of notochordal cells in tissue engineering of the
      nucleus pulposus.

PMID- 13678446
TI  - In vitro chondrogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a
      photopolymerizing hydrogel.
AB  - Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from skeletally mature goats were encapsulated in a
      photopolymerizing poly(ethylene glycol)-based hydrogel and cultured with or
      without transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF) to study the potential for
      chondrogenesis in a hydrogel scaffold system amenable to minimally invasive
      implantation. Chondrogenic differentiation was evaluated by histological,
      biochemical, and RNA analyses for the expression of cartilage extracellular
      matrix components. The two control groups studied were MSCs cultured in monolayer
      and MSCs encapsulated in the hydrogel and cultured for 6 weeks in chondrogenic
      medium without TGF-beta1 (6wk-TGF). The three experimental time points for
      encapsulated cells studied were 0 days (0d), 3 weeks, and 6 weeks in chondrogenic
      medium with TGF-beta1 at 10 ng/ml (3wk+TGF and 6wk+TGF). MSCs proliferated in the
      hydrogels with TGF-beta1. Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and total collagen content of
      the hydrogels increased to 3.5% dry weight and 5.0% dry weight, respectively, in
      6wk+TGF constructs. Immunohistochemistry revealed the presence of aggrecan, link
      protein, and type II collagen. Upregulation of aggrecan and type II collagen gene
      expression compared with monolayer MSCs was demonstrated. Type I collagen gene
      expression decreased from 3 to 6 weeks in the presence of TGF-beta1. 6wk-TGF
      hydrogels produced no GAG and only moderate amounts of collagen. However,
      immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR demonstrated a small amount of spontaneous
      differentiation in this control group. This study demonstrates the ability to
      encapsulate MSCs to form cartilage-like tissue in vitro in a photopolymerizing
      hydrogel. This system may be useful for minimally invasive implantation, MSC
      differentiation, and engineering of composite tissue structures with multiple
      cellular phenotypes.

PMID- 13678447
TI  - Osteogenic induction of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells in
      novel synthetic polymer-hydrogel matrices.
AB  - The aim of this project was to investigate the in vitro osteogenic potential of
      human mesenchymal progenitor cells in novel matrix architectures built by means
      of a three-dimensional bioresorbable synthetic framework in combination with a
      hydrogel. Human mesenchymal progenitor cells (hMPCs) were isolated from a human
      bone marrow aspirate by gradient centrifugation. Before in vitro engineering of
      scaffold-hMPC constructs, the adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potential
      was demonstrated by staining of neutral lipids and induction of bone-specific
      proteins, respectively. After expansion in monolayer cultures, the cells were
      enzymatically detached and then seeded in combination with a hydrogel into
      polycaprolactone (PCL) and polycaprolactone-hydroxyapatite (PCL-HA) frameworks.
      This scaffold design concept is characterized by novel matrix architecture, good
      mechanical properties, and slow degradation kinetics of the framework and a
      biomimetic milieu for cell delivery and proliferation. To induce osteogenic
      differentiation, the specimens were cultured in an osteogenic cell culture medium
      and were maintained in vitro for 6 weeks. Cellular distribution and viability
      within three-dimensional hMPC bone grafts were documented by scanning electron
      microscopy, cell metabolism assays, and confocal laser microscopy. Secretion of
      the osteogenic marker molecules type I procollagen and osteocalcin was analyzed
      by semiquantitative immunocytochemistry assays. Alkaline phosphatase activity was
      visualized by p-nitrophenyl phosphate substrate reaction. During osteogenic
      stimulation, hMPCs proliferated toward and onto the PCL and PCL-HA scaffold
      surfaces and metabolic activity increased, reaching a plateau by day 15. The
      temporal pattern of bone-related marker molecules produced by in vitro tissue
      engineered scaffold-cell constructs revealed that hMPCs differentiated better
      within the biomimetic matrix architecture along the osteogenic lineage.

PMID- 13678448
TI  - Bioengineering and characterization of physeal transplant with physeal
      reconstruction potential.
AB  - Damage to physes is of serious consequences in children. Currently available
      treatments are limited and results are unpredictable. In this study, we attempted
      to treat proximal tibial physeal damage in rabbits with transplanted
      bioengineered physeal tissue. Resting chondrocytes from the reserve zone of
      costal cartilages of 6-week-old rabbits were pellet cultured in centrifuge tubes.
      The pellets were characterized histologically and biochemically with reference to
      the normal physis. The bioengineered tissue was then transplanted into partially
      damaged proximal tibial physis. Histological changes and proteoglycan metabolism
      of the transplants were monitored until 7 weeks posttransplantation. Our results
      showed that chondrocytes cultured by three-dimensional pellet exhibited cell
      division and the derived cells arranged in short columns similar to normal
      physis. They synthesized and deposited cartilaginous matrix and differentiated
      into hypertrophic chondrocytes marked by increases in cell size and alkaline
      phosphatase activity. The transplant incorporated well in host tissue with no
      sign of rejection for up to 7 weeks posttransplantation. A further 3-fold
      increase in thickness of the transplant within the host was observed.
      Endochondral ossification was demonstrated at 7 weeks posttransplantation. These
      results show that the bioengineered physeal tissue may have great potential in
      clinical management of physeal damage in children.

PMID- 13678449
TI  - Fabrication of polymer root form scaffolds to be utilized for alveolar bone
      regeneration.
AB  - Engineering dental tissues and organs is primarily motivated by a clinical need
      to restore these lost or diseased structures, in contrast to the use of harvested
      tissue. The present work focused on designing and characterizing scaffolds
      suitable for cultivation and implantation into the fresh extraction sockets of
      teeth, for the purpose of alveolar bone regeneration at a rate and quality higher
      than that of normal tissue healing for subsequent treatment with dental implants.
      Three-dimensional hollow root form scaffolds were prepared from poly-L-lactic
      acid/polyglycolic acid composites (50/50, 65/35, and 75/25 ratios), using the
      solvent casting compression molding particulate leaching technique. Two different
      salt particle sizes were used, 150-180 and 180-300 microm, to effect porogenesis.
      The scaffolds were characterized in vitro and in vivo. The highest percent
      porosity recorded was 75% with interconnectivity shown by scanning electron
      microscopy. The scaffolds demonstrated viscoelastic behavior and average strain
      in response to both static and dynamic forces that were suitable for them under
      bite-force magnitude anteriorly. The degradation of the root scaffolds depended
      on composite type, and on salt particle size. Tissue reaction favored samples
      made with large salt particle size.

PMID- 13678450
TI  - Cell-based therapy in the repair of osteochondral defects: a novel use for
      adipose tissue.
AB  - Mesenchymal stem cells are currently procured from periosteum and bone marrow.
      The procurement of stem cells from these sources is tedious and gives a low yield
      of cells. This study was aimed at circumventing these problems and allowing for a
      method that would be more acceptable in the clinical setting. Tissue for
      transplantation was harvested from a single New Zealand White rabbit. Cells were
      more readily obtained from adipose tissue than from bone marrow or periosteum.
      The present method also provided a better yield of cells through culture. In
      vitro studies were performed to assess the differentiation potential of these
      cells. Successful in vitro transformation into alternative mesenchymal cell lines
      including cardiomyocytes revealed these cells to have wide differentiation
      potential. Further characterization morphologically, immunohistochemically, and
      via gene transfection showed features consistent with mesenchymal stem cells.
      Cultured cells were then transplanted into defects created in the left medial
      femoral condyle. The femora were harvested at various intervals and the repair
      tissue was assessed. Gross osteochondral defect reconstitution and histological
      grading was superior to periosteum-derived stem cell repair and repair by native
      mechanisms. Biomechanically, the repair tissue approximated intact cartilage and
      was superior to osteochondral autografts and repair by innate mechanisms.

PMID- 13678452
TI  - Liver tissue engineering within alginate scaffolds: effects of cell-seeding
      density on hepatocyte viability, morphology, and function.
AB  - Tissue engineering with three-dimensional biomaterials represents a promising
      approach for developing hepatic tissue to replace the function of a failing
      liver. Herein, we address cell seeding and distribution within porous alginate
      scaffolds, which represent a new type of porous biomaterial for tissue
      engineering. The hydrophilic nature of the alginate scaffold as well as its pore
      structure and interconnectivity enabled the efficient seeding of hepatocytes into
      the scaffolds, that is, 70-90% of the initial cells depending on the seeding
      method. Utilization of centrifugal force during seeding enhanced cell
      distribution in the porous scaffolds, consequently enabling the seeding of
      concentrated cell suspensions (>1 x 10(7) cells/mL). Cell density in scaffolds
      affected hepatocyte viability as judged by MTT assay. At a cell density of 0.28 x
      10(6) cells/cm3 scaffold, the number of viable hepatocytes decreased to 33% of
      its initial value within 7 days, whereas at the denser cultures, 5.7 x 10(6)
      cells/cm3 scaffold and higher, the cells maintained higher viability while
      forming a network of connecting spheroids. In the high-density cellular
      constructs, hepatocellular functions such as albumin and urea secretion, and
      detoxification (cytochrome P-450 and phase II conjugating enzyme activities),
      remained high during the 7-day culture. Collectively, the results of the present
      study highlight the importance of cell density on the hepatocellular functions of
      three-dimensional hepatocyte constructs as well as the advantages of alginate
      matrices as scaffoldings.

PMID- 13678451
TI  - Platelet-derived growth factor gene delivery stimulates ex vivo gingival repair.
AB  - Destruction of tooth support due to the chronic inflammatory disease
      periodontitis is a major cause of tooth loss. There are limitations with
      available treatment options to tissue engineer soft tissue periodontal defects.
      The exogenous application of growth factors (GFs) such as platelet-derived growth
      factor (PDGF) has shown promise to enhance oral and periodontal tissue
      regeneration. However, the topical administration of GFs has not led to
      clinically significant improvements in tissue regeneration because of problems in
      maintaining therapeutic protein levels at the defect site. The utilization of
      PDGF gene transfer may circumvent many of the limitations with protein delivery
      to soft tissue wounds. The objective of this study was to test the effect of PDGF
      A and PDGF-B gene transfer to human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) on ex vivo repair
      in three-dimensional collagen lattices. HGFs were transduced with adenovirus
      encoding PDGF-A and PDGF-B genes. Defect fill of bilayer collagen gels was
      measured by image analysis of cell repopulation into the gingival defects. The
      modulation of gene expression at the defect site and periphery was measured by RT
      PCR during a 10-day time course after gene delivery. The results demonstrated
      that PDGF-B gene transfer stimulated potent (>4-fold) increases in cell
      repopulation and defect fill above that of PDGF-A and corresponding controls.
      PDGF-A and PDGF-B gene expression was maintained for at least 10 days. PDGF gene
      transfer upregulated the expression of phosphatidylinosital 3-kinase and integrin
      alpha5 subunit at 5 days after adenovirus transduction. These results suggest
      that PDGF gene transfer has potential for periodontal soft tissue-engineering
      applications.

PMID- 13678453
TI  - Scalable production of embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes.
AB  - Cardiomyocyte transplantation could offer a new approach to replace scarred,
      nonfunctional myocardium in a diseased heart. Clinical application of this
      approach would require the ability to generate large numbers of donor cells. The
      purpose of this study was to develop a scalable, robust, and reproducible process
      to derive purified cardiomyocytes from genetically engineered embryonic stem (ES)
      cells. ES cells transfected with a fusion gene consisting of the alpha-cardiac
      myosin heavy chain (MHC) promoter driving the aminoglycoside phosphotransferase
      (neomycin resistance) gene were used for cardiomyocyte enrichment. The
      transfected cells were aggregated into embyroid bodies (EBs), inoculated into
      stirred suspension cultures, and differentiated for 9 days before selection of
      cardiomyocytes by the addition of G418 with or without retinoic acid (RA).
      Throughout the culture period, EB and viable cell numbers were measured. In
      addition, flow cytometric analysis was performed to monitor sarcomeric myosin (a
      marker for cardiomyocytes) and Oct-4 (a marker for undifferentiated ES cells)
      expression. Enrichment of cardiomyocytes was achieved in cultures treated with
      either G418 and retinoic acid (RA) or with G418 alone. Eighteen days after
      differentiation, G418-selected flasks treated with RA contained approximately
      twice as many cells as the nontreated flasks, as well as undetectable levels of
      Oct-4 expression, suggesting that RA may promote cardiac differentiation and/or
      survival. Immunohistological and electron microscopic analysis showed that the
      harvested cardiomyocytes displayed many features characteristic of native
      cardiomyocytes. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of large-scale production
      of viable, ES cell-derived cardiomyocytes for tissue engineering and/or
      implantation, an approach that should be transferable to other ES cell derived
      lineages, as well as to adult stem cells with in vitro cardiomyogenic activity.

PMID- 13678454
TI  - Conundrums, paradigms, and paradoxes.

PMID- 13678455
TI  - The influence of depleted glutathione levels on the photodynamic action of zinc
      phthalocyanine in CHO K1 cells.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The current study focuses on any influence that depletion of
      endogenous glutathione in CHO K1 cells may have on the photodynamic action of
      zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two lasers--a HeNe laser,
      632.5 nm, maximum power output 3.5 mW, and a Toshiba semiconducting laser, 670
      nm, maximum power of 7 mW--were used. Chinese Hamster Ovary cells (CHO K1) were
      exposed to light, 2-10 J. Cellular reduced glutathione levels [GSH] were
      depressed prior to exposure to ZnPc and laser light, using buthionine
      sulphoximine, a potent inhibitor of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. The
      influence of hypoxic intracellular conditions was studied by reduction of oxygen
      content of cells by 80% following purging of cell cultures with nitrogen.
      RESULTS: In well-aerated cells, doubling times are reduced by the photodynamic
      action of ZnPc by 29 +/- 6%, fig 2 (p = 0.01). Cells with lowered [GSH] do not
      show this effect (p = 0.1). When hypoxic cells are studied at normal [GSH], no
      photodynamic effect is observed (p = 0.1). When cell viability is studied, using
      the 670-nm laser, a photodynamic effect is observed, (80% fall from controls, p <
      0.001), irrespective of the cellular [GSH] level for a single dose of 6 J. This
      effect is observed in cells with normal [GSH], for varied doses of 2 J and higher
      (63% fall at 2 J, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Lowered [GSH] was observed to depress
      the photodynamic effect of ZnPc when cell-doubling times were the endpoint. The
      photostimulating effect of ZnPc was similarly suppressed by hypoxic conditions.
      When cell viability was the endpoint, then a photodynamic effect of ZnPc was
      observed irrespective of the endogenous [GSH] values.

PMID- 13678456
TI  - Effect of Er:YAG laser on CaF2 formation and its anti-cariogenic action on human
      enamel: an in vitro study.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser
      on the formation of CaF(2), after the application of acidulated phosphate
      fluoride (APF), and its influence on the anti-cariogenic action in human dental
      enamel. BACKGROUND DATA: Er:YAG laser was designed to promote ablation of the
      enamel. However, the possibility of using this energy to increase the enamel's
      resistance to caries has hardly been explored, and neither has its interaction
      with the use of fluorides. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty blocks
      of enamel were allocated to four groups of 30 blocks each: (1) C, control group;
      (2) Er:YAG, laser; (3) APF; and (4) Er:YAG+APF. Of these, 80 blocks were
      submitted to pH cycling for 14 days. In the other 40 blocks, fluoride (CaF(2))
      was measured before cycling. After pH cycling, surface microhardness (SMH),
      microhardness in cross-section (converted to mineral contents % vol. min.), and
      fluoride after cycling (40 blocks) were also determined. RESULTS: SMH decreased
      in all groups. The control group showed the highest decrease, and Er:YAG+APF
      showed the lowest decrease (p < 0.05). Groups APF and Er:YAG showed the same
      results (p > 0.05). Mineral content at depths 10, 20, and 40 microm was lower in
      the control and Er:YAG groups, and higher in groups APF and Er:YAG+APF. CaF(2)
      (microgF/cm(2)) deposited before pH cycling was higher in the APF group when
      compared to the Er:YAG+APF group. Control and Er:YAG groups showed the lowest
      values (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: It was concluded that Er:YAG laser influenced the
      deposition of CaF(2) on the enamel and showed a superficial anti-cariogenic
      action, but not in depth.

PMID- 13678457
TI  - Near-infrared Raman spectroscopy of human coronary arteries: histopathological
      classification based on Mahalanobis distance.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: In this study, near-infrared Raman spectroscopy (NIRS) was used for
      evaluation of human atherosclerotic lesions using a simple algorithm based on
      discriminant analysis. The Mahalanobis distance was used to classify the
      clustered spectral features extracted from NIRS of a total of 111 arterial
      fragments of human coronary arteries. BACKGROUND DATA: Raman spectroscopy has
      been used for diagnosis of a variety of diseases. For real-time applications, it
      is important to have a simple algorithm that could perform fast data acquisition
      and analysis. The ultimate goal is to obtain a feasible diagnosis, which
      discriminates various atherosclerotic lesions with high sensitivities and
      specificities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Non-atherosclerotic (NA) arteries,
      atherosclerotic plaques without calcification (NC), and atherosclerotic plaques
      with classification (C) were obtained and scanned with an NIR Raman spectrometer
      with 830-nm laser excitation. An algorithm based on the discriminant analysis
      using the Mahalanobis distance of the clustered spectral features was used for
      tissue classification into three categories: Na, NC, and C. RESULTS: Human
      coronary arteries exhibit different spectral signatures depending on different
      bio-chemicals present in each tissue type such as collagen, cholesterol, and
      calcium hydroxyapatite, respectively. It is shown that our algorithm has a
      maximum sensitivity and specificity of 85% and 89%, respectively, for the
      diagnosis of the NA tissue type, 85% and 89% for the NC tissue type, and 100% and
      100% for the C tissue type. CONCLUSION: An algorithm (with a minimum of
      mathematical and computational requirements) based on the discriminant analysis
      of spectral features has been developed to classify atherosclerotic lesions with
      high sensitivities and specificities.

PMID- 13678458
TI  - Photon undulatory non-linear conversion diagnostic method for caries detection: a
      pilot study.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate a new optical method -
      photon undulatory non-linear conversion (PNC)--for use in different stages of
      caries detection. BACKGROUND DATA: Caries should be considered an infectious
      disease managed by risk assessment, early detection, and preventive therapies,
      rather than simply "drilling and filling." MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fluorescence
      emission spectroscopy was performed in vitro on 90 extracted teeth, with intact
      occlusal surfaces. This system differs from the basic Diagnodent unit in its
      ability to distinguish between different tissue components with respect to their
      spectrums. Histological analysis served as the gold standard for verification.
      The teeth sections correspond to the specific point with the highest reading of
      the detector. The system was compared to visual inspection, probing, and x-ray
      methods. The system tested (helium-neon [He-Ne], lambda = 633 nm) has a fiber
      optic device that delivers radiation to the tooth and a spectrophotometer device
      that detects bacterial porphyrins fluorescence, allowing detection of caries,
      fillings, and calculus by simultaneous measurement of backscattering and
      fluorescence intensity. RESULTS: The system tested provides quantitatively
      reproducible measurements and detection even through sound enamel of more than 1
      mm in thickness. CONCLUSION: The PNC method detects different stages of caries
      lesions in real time, and it exceeds x-rays in sensitivity, without any ionizing
      radiation. Preliminary results showed a high potential of using the PNC method in
      clinical practice (98% accuracy) in comparison to the other methods.

PMID- 13678459
TI  - Effect of low-power radiation (helium/neon) upon submandibulary glands.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work was to study the effect of low-power laser
      radiation on guinea pig salivary glands. BACKGROUND DATA: Low-power laser
      radiation changes some cellular functions. The effect on salivary glands has not
      been sufficiently studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and forty-four male
      guinea pigs (150 +/- 30 g body weight) were used. The animals were divided into
      two groups: control group (fed animals and those undergoing 2, 4, 8, 10, and 12 h
      of fasting) and experimental group (irradiated). Both the right and left
      submandibular glands were later irradiated with helium-neon laser at 7-mW power,
      with a 0.75-mm spot, under continuous pulse for 2 min in a one-session exposure;
      a 11.2 J/cm(2) energy density was applied. Then, the irradiated animals were fed,
      or underwent 2, 4, 8, 10 and 12 h of fasting. Samples of submandibular glands
      were taken with a punch (5 mm diameter) and were used for optic and transmission
      electron microscopy studies. RESULTS: The structural observations showed that the
      irradiation effect was progressive; and showed a trophic stimulant effect at 2 h
      following irradiation, with vasodilatation, vascular congestion, perivascular
      infiltrate, and a necrotic picture of glandular parenchyma at longer times. The
      ultrastructural observations showed alterations of rough endoplasmic reticulum.
      CONCLUSION: We propose that low-power laser radiation with the doses applied in
      this study disturbs protein synthesis and secretion of guinea pig submandibulary
      glands.

PMID- 13678460
TI  - Nd:YAG laser influence on microleakage of class V composite restoration.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this research was to evaluate the influence of the
      Nd:YAG laser on microleakage of class V composite restorations. BACKGROUND DATA:
      There has been very little research that concerns microleakage resulting from the
      use of lasers and restorative materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six
      cavities were prepared and divided into three groups (n = 12) as follows: Group
      1, control; Group 2, Nd:YAG laser irradiation before adhesive technique; Group 3,
      Nd:YAG laser irradiation after adhesive technique. Nd:YAG laser parameters were
      320 micro m of fiberoptics; energy/pulse of 40 mJ of energy/pulse; repetition
      rate of 15 Hz; power of 0.6 W; pulsed and non-contact, 1 mm from the surface; 30
      sec in scanning mode; energy density was 49,76 J/cm(2). Cavities were restored
      with microhybrid composite. After polishing, thermocycling and impermeabilization
      procedures were performed and specimens were submitted to a microleakage test,
      with complete immersion in aqueous solution of 50% silver nitrate for 8 h, in the
      total absence of light. After washing and drying, teeth were embedded to
      facilitate buccal-lingual vertical sectioning. Microleakage was revealed by
      light. RESULTS: We used the Kruskal-Wallis test at a 5% level of confidence and
      observed no statistically significant difference among the tested groups.
      CONCLUSION: It was possible to conclude that Nd:YAG laser does not influence
      marginal microleakage on composite restorations, independent of the moment the
      laser had been used.

PMID- 13678461
TI  - A preliminary investigation into light-modulated replication of nanobacteria and
      heart disease.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this preliminary study is to evaluate the effect of
      various wavelengths of light on nanobacteria (NB). BACKGROUND DATA: NB and
      mitochondria use light for biological processes. NB have been described as
      multifunctional primordial nanovesicles with the potential to utilize solar
      energy for replication. NB produce slime, a process common to living bacteria.
      Slime release is an evolutionary important stress-dependent phenomenon increasing
      the survival chance of individual bacteria in a colony. In the cardiovascular
      system, stress-induced bacterial colony formation may lead to a deposition of
      plaque. METHODS: Cultured NB were irradiated with NASA-LEDs at different
      wavelengths of light: 670, 728 and 880 nm. Light intensities were about 500k Wm(
      2), and energy density was 1 x 10(4) J m(-2). RESULTS: Monochromatic light
      clearly affected replication of NB. Maximum replication was achieved at 670 nm.
      CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that suitable wavelengths of light could be
      instrumental in elevating the vitality level of NB, preventing the production of
      NB-mediated slime, and simultaneously increasing the vitality level of
      mitochondria. The finding could stimulate the design of cooperative therapy
      concepts that could reduce death caused by myocardial infarcts.

PMID- 13678463
TI  - Laser literature watch.

PMID- 13678464
TI  - An HIV type 1 subtype B founder effect in Korea: gp160 signature patterns infer
      circulation of CTL-escape strains at the population level.
AB  - HIV-1 subtype B predominates in the Republic of Korea. Phylogenetic analyses of
      sequences for complete nef genes and env gene fragments encoding the V3 loop have
      identified a major monophyletic Korean subclade that is distinct from Western
      subtype B sequences in the Los Alamos HIV Sequence Database. This was
      investigated further by sequence analysis of complete env genes recovered from
      the DNA of peripheral blood mononuclear cells for matched groups of Koreans, four
      patients per group, previously assigned as being infected with either Korean or
      Western strains. The phylogenetic classifications were confirmed and analysis of
      the translation products identified 32 amino acid signature pattern differences,
      dispersed throughout gp160, which differentiate the two subclades. Twenty-three
      of these positions map to epitopes recognized by HLA-I-restricted cytotoxic T
      lymphocytes (CTL) as catalogued in the Los Alamos HIV Immunology Database. The
      remaining nine map at or close to sites predicted to be targets for
      immunoproteasomes that are involved in producing peptides that bind to MHC Class
      I. These results suggest that a founder effect in the Korean population is based
      on the spread of CTL-escape/host-adapted HIV-1 strains.

PMID- 13678465
TI  - Neurocognitive performance and quality of life in patients with HIV infection.
AB  - We examined the relationship of HIV-related cognitive impairment and health
      related quality of life (QoL). Subjects were administered measures of cognitive
      function (a battery of 17 neuropsychological tests) and of QoL (the MOS-HIV
      questionnaire). Study measures also included comprehensive clinical and
      neurological evaluation, laboratory testing, and brain imaging studies in
      patients with impaired neuropsychological evaluation. One-hundred and eleven
      subjects were examined. Cognitively impaired patients (33.3%) reported poorer QoL
      scores in all domains (p < 0.05): physical health summary score (PHS) (44.6 vs.
      49.9), mental health summary score (MHS) (37.7 vs. 44.4), pain (67.6 vs. 79.4),
      physical functioning (75.9 vs. 87.7), role functioning (32.4 vs. 41.5), social
      functioning (70.3 vs. 83.5), mental health (48.2 vs. 61.0), energy (53.1 vs.
      63.0), health distress (60.8 vs. 75.5), cognitive functioning (CF) (60.5 vs.
      71.8), general health perceptions (29.2 vs. 43.4), and QoL (36.5 vs. 47.0). The
      number of altered neuropsychological tests correlated significantly with MHS (p <
      0.001), PHS (p < 0.03), CF (p < 0.02), and QoL (p < 0.02) scores. A correlation
      between seven of seven neuropsychological measures exploring speed of mental
      processing, three of four exploring mental flexibility, four of six exploring
      memory, and two of two exploring fine motor functioning and MHS, PHS, CF, or QoL
      scores was also found. Poor performance on the Digit Symbol test was most
      strongly associated with poor MHS (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.08, p < 0.009) and PHS
      (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.08, p < 0.01) scores, controlling for CD4 count, previous
      AIDS diagnosis, receiving HAART, and drug abuse. Cognitive impairment is
      associated with poor QoL. People with more severe cognitive impairment have the
      highest probability of having a poor QoL. Cognitive impairment in any cognitive
      domain explored in our battery is also associated with poor QoL. Poor performance
      on the Digit Symbol Test is the strongest predictor of poor QoL.

PMID- 13678466
TI  - Effect of class-specific therapy interruption on persistence of HIV type 1
      antiretroviral resistance.
AB  - Interruption of all antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infection when therapy is
      failing and antiretroviral resistance has emerged is frequently associated with
      the disappearance of detectable resistance-associated protease and reverse
      transcriptase substitutions. However, the effect that discontinuation of
      treatment with a particular antiretroviral class has on resistance to that class
      when other antiretroviral therapy is continued is unknown. We investigated
      differences in detectable genotypic resistance to protease inhibitors (PI) and
      non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) among two populations:
      patients undergoing testing at the moment class-specific treatment failed (Group
      1) and patients undergoing testing for varying periods after class-specific
      treatment failed and was discontinued but therapy with other antiretroviral
      classes continued with incomplete viral suppression (Group 2). We found that the
      prevalence of detectable resistance to the PI and NNRTI classes was similar in
      both groups despite the absence of class-specific selective pressure for lengthy
      periods of time in Group 2. We hypothesize that this finding may be due to
      nonspecific selective pressure (i.e., to nucleoside reverse transcriptase
      inhibitors) selecting out PI- and, to a lesser extent, NNRTI-resistant viral
      variants.

PMID- 13678467
TI  - Distribution of hepatitis B virus genotypes in HIV-infected patients with chronic
      hepatitis B: therapeutic implications.
AB  - Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes were examined in HIV-infected patients with
      chronic HBV infection seen in our clinic during 2002. A total of 28 of 1100
      individuals (prevalence 2.5%) were found to be HBsAg and HBV-DNA positive. HBV
      genotypes could be determined in 23 of them. HBV-A was the most common (57%),
      followed by HBV-D (39%). HBV-A predominated among homosexual men (67%) while HBV
      D predominated among intravenous drug users (67%). The presence of serum HBeAg
      was significantly associated with the HBV-A genotype.

PMID- 13678468
TI  - Polymorphisms in the CCR5 coding and noncoding regions among HIV type 1-exposed,
      persistently seronegative female sex-workers from Thailand.
AB  - Resistance to HIV-1 infection despite repeated exposures has been associated with
      one or more HIV-specific responses, enhanced nonspecific immune modifications,
      and/or host genetic polymorphisms in certain individuals (highly exposed,
      persistently seronegative, HEPS). In the present investigation, we focused on the
      CCR5 gene polymorphisms and the association of such mutations to resistance to
      HIV-1 infection among 12 HEPS women in Chiang Rai, northern Thailand, and
      compared our findings with data from 10 HIV-1-infected and 9 HIV-1-uninfected
      unexposed women from the same geographic area. Although we have previously shown
      that none of the Thai women carried the Delta32 mutation, further analysis of the
      CCR5 coding gene region revealed that none of the women had other mutations that
      affect coreceptor activity (C101X or FS299) or chemokine responses (C20S, A29S,
      L55Q, C178R). Analysis of the CCR5 promoter region revealed that the CCR5
      haplogroup C (HHC; 60%) was the predominant haplogroup among these women.
      Comparative analysis of the frequencies of different haplogroups among the three
      groups did not reveal any statistically significant differences (p > 0.05).
      However, we did find that two individuals from the HEPS group were homozygous for
      HHF*2 (the CCR2b- 64I bearing haplogroup) compared to none from the HIV-1
      infected and -uninfected groups. There was no detectable difference in specific
      CCR5 haplogroups and their ability to mediate env fusion or to mediate HIV-1
      infection in vitro. These data suggest that homozygosity of the HHF*2 haplogroup
      may be one of the factors that mediate resistance to HIV-1 infection in this
      cohort of HEPS women.

PMID- 13678469
TI  - New HIV type 1 CRF01_AE/B recombinants displaying unique distribution of
      breakpoints from incident infections among injecting drug users in Thailand.
AB  - The goals of this study were to identify and characterize recombinant human
      immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genomes among incident infections in a
      prospective cohort study of injecting drug users (IDUs) in Bangkok, Thailand.
      Through cross-sectional, comparative phylogenetic analysis of the protease and
      env (C2-V4) gene regions, subtype discordance was observed in HIV-1 sequences
      from 4 of 111 IDUs (3.5%). Near-full-length HIV-1 genome sequences of the four
      strains revealed that in all four, the gp120 sequences clustered with a CRF01_AE
      prototype, while the remainder of the genomes displayed distinct mosaic patterns,
      with multiple breakpoints between HIV-1 CRF01_AE and subtype B-like regions. Two
      of the four HIV-1 recombinant strains displayed a nearly identical mosaic
      structure, suggesting the possible emergence and spread of a potentially new
      circulating recombinant form of HIV-1. Further characterization of these and
      other recombinant genomes through long-term follow-up will be important in
      understanding the generation of viral diversity and escape from the hosts immune
      responses. This information will be especially important for vaccine development.

PMID- 13678470
TI  - Lipid rafts and HIV pathogenesis: virion-associated cholesterol is required for
      fusion and infection of susceptible cells.
AB  - We have shown that HIV budding occurs at cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains
      called lipid rafts (Nguyen and Hildreth, J Virol 2000;74:3264-3272). This
      observation prompted us to examine the role in HIV entry of cholesterol in the
      membrane of cells. We recently reported that host cell cholesterol is required
      for HIV infection (Liao et al., AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2001;17:1009-1019). In
      the present study we examined the role of virion-associated cholesterol in HIV
      infection by modulating the cholesterol content of virions and infected cells
      with 2-hydoxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (beta-cyclodextrin). Our results show that
      removal of cholesterol from the membrane of HIV-infected cells dramatically
      lowered virus release and that virions released from cholesterol-depleted cells
      are minimally infectious. Exposure of infectious HIV particles to beta
      cyclodextrin resulted in a dose-dependent inactivation of the virus. In both
      cases, the effect was attributable to loss of cholesterol and could be reversed
      by replenishing cholesterol. beta-Cyclodextrin-treated, noninfectious HIV
      retained its ability to bind cells. Western blot, p24 core ELISA, and reverse
      transcription assays indicated that virions remained intact after treatment with
      beta-cyclodextrin at concentrations that abolished infectivity. Electron
      microscopy revealed that beta-cyclodextrin-treated HIV had a morphology very
      similar to that of untreated virus. R18 fluorescence dequenching studies showed
      that beta-cyclodextrin-treated HIV did not fuse to the membrane of susceptible
      cells. Dequenching was restored by replenishing virion-associated cholesterol.
      The results indicate that cholesterol in HIV particles is strictly required for
      fusion and infectivity. These observations in combination with those of past
      studies indicate beta-cyclodextrin to be an excellent candidate for use as a
      chemical barrier for AIDS prophylaxis.

PMID- 13678471
TI  - Complete nucleotide sequences of the genomes of two Brazilian specimens of human
      T lymphotropic virus type 2 (HTLV-2).
AB  - We report the complete nucleotide sequences of the genomes of two human T cell
      lymphotropic viruses type 2 (HTLV-2) isolated from a Kayapo Indian (K96 isolate)
      and from an inhabitant of an urban region in the south of Brazil (RP329 isolate).
      The general structure of the K96 and RP329 genomes did not differ from that of
      other HTLV-2 genomes described in the literature. The K96 genome consisted of
      8955 bp and the RP329 genome consisted of 8964 bp. The general similarity between
      the nucleotide sequences of the K96 and RP329 genomes was 99.4%. Comparison
      between the nucleotide sequences of the K96 and RP329 genomes and the nucleotide
      sequences of isolates considered to be HTLV-2 prototypes of subtype 2a (Mo
      isolate), 2b (NRA isolate), and 2d (Efe2 isolate) showed a global similarity of
      98.8, 95.6, and 93.3%, respectively, for the RP329 isolate, and of 99.1, 95.6,
      and 93.3%, respectively, for the K96 isolate. Phylogenetic analysis permitted the
      classification of the K96 and RP329 isolates as HTLV-2 subtype 2a. Detailed
      phylogenetic analyses of the LTR, env, and Tax regions showed that the Brazilian
      isolates tend to form a distinct phylogenetic subgroup within subtype 2a,
      previously called HTLV-2c, which differs from the subtype 2a isolates found in
      North America, Europe, and Africa. The K96 genome is the first HTLV-2 genome
      obtained from a Brazilian Indian that was completely sequenced, whereas the RP329
      genome represents the first specimen derived from an inhabitant of a Brazilian
      urban region who was not coinfected with HIV-1.

PMID- 13678472
TI  - Potent suppression of HIV type 1 infection by a short hairpin anti-CXCR4 siRNA.
AB  - The phenomenon of RNA interference (RNAi) sparked a new surge in the area of
      posttranscriptional gene silencing methodologies and their potential application
      for HIV-1 gene therapy. A potentially promising strategy is to exploit siRNAs to
      prevent viral entry at the cell surface by down-regulating essential cell surface
      HIV-1 coreceptors. In the present studies we targeted the CXCR4 coreceptor for
      disruption with siRNA to inhibit HIV-1 entry as a first step toward the ultimate
      goal of translating this to gene therapy for AIDS. A stem-loop hairpin structured
      anti-CXCR4 siRNA was designed and synthesized in vitro by transcription with T7
      polymerase. Down-regulation of the coreceptor was assayed in U373-Magi-CXCR4
      cells. FACS analysis showed marked down-regulation of CXCR4 on the cell surface
      and Western blot analysis confirmed the reduced levels of intracellular
      synthesis. When challenged with X4-tropic HIV-1 NL4-3, the siRNA-transfected
      cells exhibited marked viral resistance. Consistent with these results, siRNA
      transfected primary lymphocytes also exhibited significant resistance to HIV-1
      entry. These proof-of-concept studies demonstrated the efficacy of an siRNA
      targeted to an essential cellular coreceptor CXCR4 in protecting from HIV-1
      infection. Delivery of this siRNA into hematopoietic stem cells via lentiviral
      vectors may have potential gene therapeutic applications.

PMID- 13678473
TI  - Induction of stem cell-like plasticity in mononuclear cells derived from
      unmobilised adult human peripheral blood.
AB  - Undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells with flexible developmental potentials
      are not normally found in peripheral blood. However, such cells have recently
      been reported to reside in the bone marrow. Herein are reported methods of
      inducing pluripotency in cells derived from unmobilised adult human peripheral
      blood. In response to the inclusion of purified CR3/43 monoclonal antibody (mAb)
      to well-established culture conditions, mononuclear cells (MNC) obtained from a
      single blood donor are converted into pluripotent haematopoietic, neuronal and
      cardiomyogenic progenitor stem cells or undifferentiated stem cells. The
      haematopoietic stem cells are CD34+, clonogenic and have been shown to repopulate
      non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) mice. The neuronal
      precursors transcribe the primitive stem cell markers OCT-4 and nestin, and on
      maturation, differentially stain positive for neuronal, glial or oligodendrocyte
      specific antigens. The cardiomyogenic progenitor stem cells form large bodies of
      asynchronously beating cells and differentiate into mature cardiomyocytes which
      transcribe GATA-4. The undifferentiated stem cells do not express haematopoietic
      associated markers, are negative for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class
      I and II antigens, transcribe high levels of OCT-4 and form embryoid body (EB)
      like structures. This induction of stem cell-like plasticity in MNC may have
      proceeded by a process of retrodifferentiation but, in any case, could have
      profound clinical and pharmacological implications. Finally, the flexibility and
      the speed by which a variety of stem cell classes can be generated ex vivo from
      donor blood could potentially transfer this novel process into a less invasive
      automated clinical procedure.

PMID- 13678474
TI  - Esmolol versus diltiazem in atrial fibrillation following coronary artery bypass
      graft surgery.
AB  - PURPOSE: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmic complication
      following coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). The efficacy and safety of
      esmolol and diltiazem were compared in patients with post-CABG AF. METHODS: This
      study was a retrospective medical record review of consecutive patients with post
      CABG AF > or =15 min in duration with a ventricular rate > or =110 b.p.m. who
      received either i.v. esmolol (n = 59) or i.v. diltiazem (n = 48) with or without
      concomitant digoxin therapy at a single university-affiliated teaching hospital.
      Treatment success was defined as either cardioversion to sinus rhythm or a
      reduction in the ventricular rate to < or =90 b.p.m. at 24 h after the start of
      therapy. Time to treatment success and the occurrence of adverse effects were
      considered secondary outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 107 patients with post-CABG AF
      were treated with i.v. esmolol (n = 59) or i.v. diltiazem (n = 48). The mean
      maximum dose of esmolol and diltiazem were 115 +/- 38 microg/kg/min and 11.2 +/-
      3.5 mg/h, respectively. The average duration of the esmolol and diltiazem
      infusions were 19.3 +/- 8.5 h and 20.1 +/- 11.3 h, respectively. Based on the
      combined efficacy endpoint of cardioversion or ventricular rate control, esmolol
      was significantly more effective than diltiazem (90% vs 77%; p = 0.038). Time to
      treatment success was significantly better for esmolol than diltiazem at all time
      points (1, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 h post-treatment). The overall incidence of
      adverse effects was 44% with esmolol and 60% with diltiazem (p = 0.04). Rates of
      drug discontinuance for adverse effects were significantly less for esmolol (20%)
      compared with diltiazem (38%) (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Esmolol is significantly
      more effective than diltiazem in the management of post-CABG AF. More patients
      converted to sinus rhythm with esmolol as compared to diltiazem. Esmolol was
      associated with fewer adverse effects than diltiazem, including adverse effects
      leading to drug discontinuance. Due to study design limitations (retrospective
      data collection), an adequately powered randomised, controlled trial is needed to
      confirm these preliminary findings.

PMID- 13678475
TI  - Comparison of change in bone resorption and bone mineral density with once-weekly
      alendronate and daily risedronate: a randomised, placebo-controlled study.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of alendronate (ALN) 70 mg once weekly (OW) and
      risedronate (RIS) 5 mg daily between-meal dosing on biochemical markers of bone
      turnover and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with
      osteoporosis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This was a 3-month, randomised, double
      blind, placebo-controlled study with a double-blind extension to 12 months. The
      study enrolled 549 postmenopausal women (ALN 219, RIS 222 and placebo (PBO) 108)
      who were > or =60 years of age at outpatient centres. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The
      primary endpoint was reduction in urine N-telopeptides of type 1 collagen (NTx)
      corrected for creatinine level at 3 months. Secondary parameters included change
      in BMD at the spine and hip at 6 and 12 months, NTx at 1, 6 and 12 months, and
      serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP) at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. Adverse
      experiences (AEs) were recorded throughout the study for an assessment of
      treatment safety profiles and tolerability. RESULTS: Over 3 months, ALN produced
      a significantly greater mean reduction in urine NTx than did RIS (-52% vs -32%, p
      < 0.001), which was maintained at 12 months. ALN produced a significantly greater
      mean BMD increase than did RIS at 6 months, and it was maintained at 12 months at
      the lumbar spine (4.8% vs 2.8%, p < 0.001) and total hip (2.7% vs 0.9%, p <
      0.001), as well as at the trochanter and femoral neck. Significant reductions in
      BSAP with ALN compared to RIS were maintained over the 12 months of treatment.
      Study size did not allow for meaningful assessment of differences in fracture
      rates. Tolerability was generally similar between ALN, RIS and PBO, and the
      incidence of upper GI AEs causing discontinuation and oesophageal AEs was similar
      in the ALN and RIS groups. CONCLUSION: In this study, ALN 70 mg OW produced a 50%
      greater reduction in bone resorption as measured by urine NTx and significantly
      greater increases in lumbar spine and hip BMD than did RIS 5 mg daily. The
      treatments had similar safety profiles and were generally well-tolerated.
      Additional studies are needed comparing OW ALN with OW RIS, which became
      available after the commencement of the present study.

PMID- 13678476
TI  - Anaemia in patients with diabetes: unrecognised, undetected and untreated?
AB  - BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is one of the two most common causes of end-stage
      renal disease and significant proportions of patients with diabetes mellitus
      develop renal complications. Anaemia is a key indicator of renal disease yet most
      patients with diabetes are rarely tested for anaemia and are unaware of the link
      between anaemia and kidney disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A pan-European study
      was undertaken to assess patients' level of awareness and understanding of
      anaemia and of the complications of diabetes mellitus, and to determine the
      impact of anaemia on quality of life. The study comprised a questionnaire-based
      interview with 1,054 respondents from six countries (Belgium, France, Germany,
      Greece, Italy and the UK). Ages ranged from 18 to 85, the average duration of
      diabetes was 15 years and 69% of respondents had type 2 diabetes mellitus.
      RESULTS: Only 32% of respondents had been given information about anaemia,
      although 83% had heard of anaemia. Less than half were aware of being tested for
      anaemia and only 14% attributed anaemia to diabetes. Of 1,054 respondents, 132
      were known to be anaemic, one-fifth had received no treatment, 12 had received
      blood transfusions, five were receiving erythropoietin therapy and the remainder
      had been given iron and/or vitamin supplementation. Perceived state of health was
      worse in those with anaemia, 47% had either experienced periods of ill health or
      were feeling in poor health generally compared with only 28% of those without
      anaemia. Tiredness and lethargy were more marked in those with anaemia, 74%
      feeling tired and lethargic considerably more often or somewhat more often than
      others compared with only 52% of those without anaemia. With respect to
      complications of diabetes, respondents were most concerned about retinopathy
      (40%) but 23% were concerned about developing nephropathy. Only 46% had received
      information about renal complications. CONCLUSIONS: Anaemia has a significant
      impact on the quality of life of patients with diabetes. Although patients are
      aware of anaemia, their awareness of being tested for anaemia is low. A
      significant number of those in whom anaemia was detected received no treatment.
      It is likely that anaemia in patients with diabetes is unrecognised, undetected
      and untreated.

PMID- 13678477
TI  - Improved control of osteoarthritis pain and self-reported health status in non
      responders to celecoxib switched to rofecoxib: results of PAVIA, an open-label
      post-marketing survey in Spain.
AB  - METHODS: An open-label multicentre study was conducted in primary care centres in
      Spain to investigate the effect of a switch from celecoxib to rofecoxib among
      patients with osteoarthritis and to identify factors associated with a good
      response to rofecoxib treatment. Patients were eligible to participate in this
      study if their physicians considered that they might benefit from such a change
      of therapy. A total of 2,228 patients (1481 women) were enrolled in the study:
      participants' mean age was 66.37 years (SD 9.04). Mean duration of OA was 7.44
      (6.38) years. Predominant sites of OA included the knee (1,132 patients, 50.8%),
      lumbar spine (977 patients, 43.9%) and cervical spine (739 patients, 33.2%). At
      baseline, most patients (77%) were being prescribed celecoxib 200 mg/day; during
      the study most (92.5%) received rofecoxib 25 mg/day. The mean interval between
      switch to rofecoxib and follow-up interview was 33 days. PRINCIPAL RESULTS:
      Patients considered the therapeutic response to rofecoxib substantially and
      significantly superior to that previously obtained with celecoxib for the
      management of OA-related pain and OA-related health status (p < 0.001). Seventy
      two percent of patients classified their response to rofecoxib therapy as 'good'
      or 'very good' (vs 6.6% of patients at baseline with celecoxib) and 89.3% of
      patients expressed satisfaction with rofecoxib (vs 28.9% at baseline with
      celecoxib). Improvements reported in patient self-assessments following rofecoxib
      therapy were complemented by similar changes in physician perceptions. The number
      of patients considered by their doctors to have 'good' or 'very good' OA-related
      health status rose from 10.1% at baseline to 80.0% on completion of rofecoxib
      therapy. Ancillary indices such as the proportion of patients with self-reported
      depression were also favourably influenced by the switch to rofecoxib from
      celecoxib. Determinants of response: Patient characteristics identified in
      multivariate analysis as predictive of a favourable response to rofecoxib
      comprised age, obesity, depression, diabetes and OA-related overall health
      status. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this observational study indicate that
      rofecoxib 25 mg/day is likely to be more effective in patients with OA who do not
      respond well to celecoxib 200 mg/day and satisfies a large proportion of both
      patients and physicians. These data are of practical interest because they
      indicate that, at the doses most often used in primary practice in Spain to treat
      OA, many patients who are dissatisfied with the effects of celecoxib 200 mg/day
      may benefit from a switch to rofecoxib 25 mg/day. The data obtained in this study
      also reveal that younger OA patients with relatively uncomplicated clinical
      circumstances (a population in which use of Coxibs is relatively low at present)
      are likely to derive substantial benefit from a switch to rofecoxib therapy.

PMID- 13678478
TI  - Short-course therapy of acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis: a
      double-blind, randomized, multicenter comparison of extended-release versus
      immediate-release clarithromycin.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of
      two clarithromycin formulations given for 5 days to patients with acute bacterial
      exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (ABECB). PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a
      double-blind, randomized, multicenter study of ambulatory patients between 40 and
      75 years of age with a medical history of chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive
      pulmonary disease and a presumptive diagnosis of ABECB who met Anthonisen Type 1
      criteria (increased dyspnea, increased sputum volume and increased sputum
      purulence). Eligible patients received a 5-day course of clarithromycin extended
      release (ER) 500 mg once daily or clarithromycin immediate-release (IR) 250 mg
      twice daily. Clinical cure, bacteriological cure and pathogen eradication rates
      were determined at the end of therapy and at a follow-up visit. RESULTS: Clinical
      cure rates were similar at the test-of-cure visit for evaluable patients in the
      clarithromycin ER group (97%, 298/307) and clarithromycin IR group (98%, 300/307)
      (95% CI (-3.2, 1.9)). The bacteriological cure rate was 89% and the pathogen
      eradication rate was 90% in both treatment groups. Resolution or improvement in
      cough, sputum production, sputum volume and sputum appearance was observed in >
      90% of evaluable patients in each treatment group. The incidence of study drug
      related adverse events was 6.6% (23/351) in the clarithromycin ER group and 5.4%
      (19/352) in the clarithromycin IR group. The most frequently occurring study drug
      related adverse events were abdominal pain, diarrhea and taste perversion.
      CONCLUSION: Clarithromycin ER 500 mg once daily for 5 days is equivalent to
      clarithromycin IR 250 mg twice daily for 5 days in treating adults with ABECB.
      Both regimens were effective in resolving clinical signs and symptoms of ABECB
      and eradicating the target pathogens, and were well tolerated.

PMID- 13678479
TI  - Comparison of 5 days of extended-release clarithromycin versus 10 days of
      penicillin V for the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis/tonsillitis: results
      of a multicenter, double-blind, randomized study in adolescent and adult
      patients.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: This study compared a short-course of clarithromycin with a standard
      course of penicillin V in patients with tonsillopharyngitis caused by
      Streptococcus pyogenes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 539 patients,
      aged 12-75 years, were randomized to receive either clarithromycin extended
      release (ER) 500 mg once daily for 5 days or penicillin V 500 mg three times
      daily for 10 days in this multicenter, double-blind, parallel-group trial.
      Eligibility required a positive antigen test for group A beta-hemolytic
      streptococcus (GABHS) followed by confirmatory culture. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
      Bacteriological and clinical assessments were conducted at each study visit
      (visit 1: study day 1; visit 2: study day 3; visit 3: study days 8-12; visit 4:
      study days 13-20; and visit 5: study days 40-50). RESULTS: At the test-of-cure
      visit (visit 3 for clarithromycin ER patients and visit 4 for penicillin V
      patients) in per-protocol patients, 5 days of clarithromycin ER was comparable to
      10 days of penicillin V in eradicating S. pyogenes (89% (157/177) vs 90%
      (139/154) respectively; 95% CI for difference (-8.2, 5.1)). Bacterial eradication
      was sustained in both treatment groups at the follow-up visit (88% (135/153) vs
      91% (112/123) respectively; 95% CI for difference (-10.0, 4.4)). Clinical cure
      was achieved in > or = 94% of patients in each treatment group. The most commonly
      reported study drug-related adverse events (< or = 3% in either treatment group)
      were abdominal pain, diarrhea, dyspepsia and nausea. CONCLUSION: Clarithromycin
      ER 500 mg once daily for 5 days is equally effective as penicillin V 500 mg three
      times daily for 10 days in the treatment of adolescent and adult patients with
      streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis.

PMID- 13678480
TI  - Epoetins: differences and their relevance to immunogenicity.
AB  - Recombinant human erythropoietin (epoetin) is a highly active molecule and as
      such is used at very low therapeutic concentrations that require stabilisation.
      Commercially available epoetins differ in the stabilisers used in their
      formulations, which result in variations between epoetin preparations in storage
      and handling requirements. The stability and solubility of the epoetins are also
      affected by differences in the carbohydrate moieties that exist between them.
      However, it is the difference in stabilising agents that is thought to be the
      major cause of the upsurge in pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) cases observed
      predominantly with one epoetin alfa formulation, Eprex (Johnson & Johnson). In
      1998 the European formulation of Eprex was changed with the replacement of human
      serum albumin (HSA), by polysorbate 80 and glycine. This formulation change
      coincided with an increased incidence of PRCA. In contrast, the incidence of PRCA
      has remained low with other HSA-containing epoetin alfa products and with epoetin
      beta. Therefore, it appears that the change in Eprex formulation has resulted in
      reduced protein stability and increased immunogenicity.

PMID- 13678481
TI  - Relationship between biopharmaceutical immunogenicity of epoetin alfa and pure
      red cell aplasia.

PMID- 13678482
TI  - Introduction: the role of angiotensin receptor blockers in preventing stroke and
      cognitive decline.

PMID- 13678483
TI  - Update on the treatment and prevention of ischaemic stroke.
AB  - Stroke continues to have a devastating impact on public health. Recent
      epidemiological studies suggest that stroke is becoming more common, perhaps due
      to the ageing of the population and increased survival of patients with cardiac
      disease. There are specific and well-defined risk factors in patients with
      stroke, the most important being hypertension. Treatment options to reverse the
      effect of acute ischaemic stroke are limited. The only approved therapy is
      intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). The disadvantage of tPA treatment
      is a rate of symptomatic haemorrhage of about 6%. Newer stroke prevention options
      are currently being investigated including statins, oestrogen, angiotensin
      converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). The
      challenge for physicians is to select the most effective intervention, and this
      depends on our knowledge of the underlying stroke mechanism and the patient's
      risk factors.

PMID- 13678484
TI  - Stroke prevention: is it possible? If so, which antihypertensive agent should be
      used?
AB  - The importance of blood pressure control in stroke prevention is supported by a
      large body of clinical evidence. However, it is not known which antihypertensive
      agents are most effective in preventing stroke. As stroke is characterised by
      vascular remodelling and dysfunction and by effects on the cerebral circulation,
      selecting an agent that has a direct vascular protective effect beyond blood
      pressure control may be desirable. Results with the angiotensin receptor blockers
      (ARBs) in clinical trials (LIFE and SCOPE) support the findings in animal models
      that ARBs may be a promising therapeutic option for prevention of stroke and
      possibly, cognitive decline.

PMID- 13678485
TI  - Neurological protection provided by candesartan: reviewing the latest study
      results.
AB  - Arterial hypertension is closely correlated with the occurrence of stroke and
      also with the loss of cognitive function and dementia. The results of several
      trials, including Syst-Eur, PROGRESS, and the preliminary findings from SCOPE
      open the way to the possible prevention of dementia by antihypertensive
      treatment. In this respect, candesartan seems to be a promising drug as it has
      been shown to have neuroprotective effects in animal models of cerebral ischaemia
      and can prevent non-fatal strokes in elderly subjects with arterial hypertension.

PMID- 13678486
TI  - Inhibiting angiotensin receptors in the brain: possible therapeutic implications.
AB  - Although the angiotensin AT1-receptor is known to be involved in cognitive
      function, its potential role in neuroplasticity is unclear. Animal studies to
      date have shown that only an effective blockade of brain AT1-receptors has
      neuroprotective effects in ischaemic neuronal tissue and improves the
      neurological outcome of focal brain ischaemia. The requirements for such an
      antagonist include sufficient penetration to cross the blood-brain barrier when
      administered orally, effective and selective inhibition of AT1-receptors in the
      brain, and long-lasting receptor blockade. Candesartan was the most effective
      angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) in crossing the blood-brain barrier.

PMID- 13678488
TI  - An example from child analysis.

PMID- 13678487
TI  - The expanding role of angiotensin receptor blockers in the management of the
      elderly hypertensive.
AB  - The world faces the challenge of an ageing population, and for developed
      countries, the particular challenge is the increasing number of very old people,
      over 80 years of age. Hypertension is a condition associated with increasing age,
      but elderly patients with hypertension are often difficult to manage.
      Nevertheless, treatment of hypertension is of greatest value in older patients
      who often have additional risk factors or cardiovascular disease. Older patients
      have generally tolerated antihypertensive therapy well in randomised, placebo
      controlled trials. The tolerability of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) is
      better than that of many other classes of drugs currently used for the management
      of hypertension and these drugs have virtually no contraindications. Thus, ARBs
      have a bright future in the management of hypertension and in the treatment of
      stroke and cognitive decline in the elderly.

PMID- 13678491
TI  - Rethinking therapeutic action.
AB  - Like other core psychoanalytic constructs, the theory of therapeutic action is
      currently in flux, as theorists of differing persuasions propose different
      mechanisms. In this article, the authors attempt to integrate developments within
      and without psychoanalysis to provide a working model of the multifaceted
      processes involved in producing change in psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic
      psychotherapy. A theory of therapeutic action must describe both what changes
      (the aims of treatment) and what strategies are likely to be useful in
      facilitating those changes (technique). The authors believe that single-mechanism
      theories of therapeutic action, no matter how complex, are unlikely to prove
      useful at this point because of the variety of targets of change and the variety
      of methods useful in effecting change in those targets (such as techniques aimed
      at altering different kinds of conscious and unconscious processes).
      Interventions that facilitate change may be classified into one of three
      categories: those that foster insight, those that make use of various mutative
      aspects of the treatment relationship and a variety of secondary strategies that
      can be of tremendous importance. They propose that, in all forms of
      psychoanalytic treatment, we would be more accurate to speak of the therapeutic
      actions, rather than action.

PMID- 13678492
TI  - Mental models and language registers in the psychoanalysis of psychosis: an
      overview of a thirteen-year analysis.
AB  - The author suggests that the use of mental models and language registers may help
      an analysis to proceed, especially in psychosis, when the patient has not yet
      developed a mental space that will allow him/her the functions of knowledge and
      containment of emotions. Models, according to Bion, are a primitive approach to
      abstraction and a manifestation of the analyst's reverie that enables him/her to
      transform sense data into alpha-elements. Ferrari, in a further development of
      Bion's theories, hypothesises a relationship between the transference and the
      internal level of body-mind communication, and proposes the use of language
      registers to sustain the psychoanalytic process. The author presents several
      clinical examples from a thirteen-year, four-session-a-week analysis of a
      psychotic analysand who was initially confused, paranoid and altogether unable to
      bring self-reflective thought to bear on her overwhelming emotions and had, by
      the end of the analysis, completely recovered from her psychotic symptoms. The
      clinical material shows how the technical tools of mental models and language
      registers helped in the construction of a mental space and spatio-temporal
      parameters, permitting the patient to tolerate overwhelming concrete emotions and
      finally to recognise and work through the emotions of an intense transference.

PMID- 13678493
TI  - Questions about questions: new views on an old prejudice.
AB  - The belief that good analysts do not ask, and do not answer, questions is a still
      living strange recommendation, transmitted throughout psychoanalytic generations.
      The authors have extensively reviewed electronic databases and technical texts.
      They found that interrogative acts are largely omitted from technical
      considerations, generating a prejudice that does not consider questions as proper
      psychoanalytic tools, and they discuss possible foundations for this belief. The
      authors believe that the few authors that have touched on this issue have done so
      in a non-systematic and frequently incomplete form. Linguistic philosophy
      presents questions as speech acts: actions that are able to alter the equilibrium
      of dialogical discourses. This view permits psychoanalysts to understand the
      potentiality of questions to introduce psychic change because they can,
      simultaneously, interfere in the self, in the other and in the intersubjective
      relationship. An internal state of curiosity is described as a component of the
      mind of the analyst. Based on the argument of the ubiquity of the state of
      curiosity of the analyst, the authors carried out a set of technical
      propositions, regarding, on the one hand, when questions are not to be introduced
      (for instance, in the presence of free associations) and, on the other hand, when
      they would be useful as expanding factors of the preconscious-conscious system.
      Considering psychoanalyses as experiences of curiosity, they emphasize that both
      the internal state of curiosity of the analyst, and the eventual verbal questions
      put to the patient are potentially positive factors for psychic change. The
      authors present several clinical vignettes.

PMID- 13678494
TI  - The observing ego as voyeur.
AB  - A resistance to self-observation and self-reflection is discussed in which there
      is a perversion of the observing ego. The observing ego has been unconsciously
      recruited in the service of enacting an unconscious fantasy: the fantasy of being
      an excited observer of a primal scene who is punished for making forbidden
      observations. This voyeuristic observing ego is pathologically enmeshed in a love
      triangle with the patient's seductive superego (i.e. identification with the
      desired but unfaithful parent) and with the patient's punitive superego (i.e.
      identification with the rivalrous parent). This unconscious scenario is played
      out in the clinical situation as the patient unreflectively cycles through phases
      of denial (i.e. self-seduction) and moral masochism (i.e. self-betrayal). A case
      study illustrates how humor may be employed to free the observing ego from being
      enthralled by a perverse superego. Humor may unconsciously enable a rebellious
      attitude toward the omnipotent sadism of a perversely oppressive superego and
      thus enable the observing ego to break free from its pathological enmeshment.

PMID- 13678495
TI  - The incontinent analyst.
AB  - The author describes a group of phenomena that can affect the analyst and become
      the motivating force that pushes the analyst to break confidentiality. He
      describes the inevitable dialectic of symmetry and asymmetry in the
      psychoanalytic dyad during the analytic process, and asserts that, every time the
      analyst is in symmetry with the emerging material of the analysand,
      identification will occur. This identification with the material offered by the
      analysand activates the system of ideals and produces a value judgment. The
      author explores the anxiety, the loneliness, the narcissistic deficiencies and
      the symptom of the analyst as phenomena that can force the analyst to rupture the
      promise of confidentiality given in good faith to the analysand at the beginning
      of the treatment.

PMID- 13678496
TI  - The psychoanalytic vision of Hans Loewald.
AB  - Hans Loewald is a comprehensive and original theorist on a par with any major
      post-Freudian thinker, yet neither his ideas nor his person have become the basis
      for a Loewaldian school or approach, and he is not as well known as other
      innovators of comparable quality. In this paper the author attempts to
      characterize the scope and depth of Loewald's theory--his vision of the psyche
      and psychic life, or metapsychology, his characterization of the psychoanalytic
      process, and his vision of the clinical and human goals of psychoanalysis. She
      suggests that Loewald holds in all of these realms, and without apparent
      contradiction, a doubled--emphatically ego-psychological and emphatically object
      relational--perspective, and an equal commitment to both the first topography and
      the structural theory. His views throughout are undergirded by a bi-directional
      developmental view that centers on differentiation and integration. The paper
      includes brief reflections on how to assess psychoanalytic theories, like
      Loewald's, developed before empirical research that seems to challenge them.

PMID- 13678497
TI  - Life within death: towards a metapsychology of catastrophic psychic trauma.
AB  - In this paper the author offers a phenomenology and a metapsychology for the
      effects on the mind of catastrophic psychic trauma, defined as the reaction of
      the psyche to an utterly external event, which the person is helpless to resist,
      and against which there is no possible defense. The author affirms that the
      experience of 'infinite affliction' produces a radical break in being which
      disarticulates the psyche and causes a headlong descent to the most primitive
      levels of psychic functioning. When there is a complete surrender to the process
      of disarticulation, it continues until it extinguishes even the most basic level
      of mental activity, contact with sensation, producing psychic and then
      psychogenic death. The author then offers a phenomenological and
      metapsychological analysis of how the process of disarticulation is stopped so
      that the state of survival is assured, affirming that, faced with this situation
      of utter emergency, the survival urge instantly mobilizes the organism in furious
      activity to preserve life and regenerates psychic activity by sensing the ongoing
      existence of the psychesoma. Then anguish precipitates on to the body and is
      sensed as psychophysical pain, which diverts conscious attention from the
      infinite destruction of utter affliction which is thus encapsulated so that, as
      an experience, it is no longer present to the mind. This assures survival, but it
      leaves the psyche in a state of non-integration and begins the unending battle
      for mastery over the deadly inner object which ceaselessly threatens to become
      present. This constitutes the precariousness of the state of survival.

PMID- 13678498
TI  - On ethical issues at the foundation of the debate over the goals of
      psychoanalysis.
AB  - In this paper the author points to ethical issues that underlie the debate over
      the nature of the goals of psychoanalysis. While it has been suggested that the
      lack of consensus and clarity in this debate may be partially explained in terms
      of opposing attitudes to the importance of therapeutic benefit and variance in
      core values of analysts and patients, the author shows that these explanations do
      not fully resolve the ambiguity. The examination of the limitations of the
      existing explanations points to the value of introducing an ethical dimension.
      She discusses two ethical issues: the complex nature of the ethical value of self
      determination in psychoanalysis, and the ethical status of analytic change. The
      clarification of these two issues contributes to an understanding both of the
      inherently controversial nature of the debate over analytic goals, and of the
      place of ethical considerations in psychoanalytic theory and practice.

PMID- 13678499
TI  - Dream actors in the theatre of memory: their role in the psychoanalytic process.
AB  - The author notes that neuropsychological research has discovered the existence of
      two long-term memory systems, namely declarative or explicit memory, which is
      conscious and autobiographical, and non-declarative or implicit memory, which is
      neither conscious nor verbalisable. It is suggested that pre-verbal and pre
      symbolic experience in the child's primary relations is stored in implicit
      memory, where it constitutes an unconscious nucleus of the self which is not
      repressed and which influences the person's affective, emotional, cognitive and
      sexual life even as an adult. In the analytic relationship this unconscious part
      can emerge essentially through certain modes of communication (tone of voice,
      rhythm and prosody of the voice, and structure and tempo of speech), which could
      be called the 'musical dimension' of the transference, and through dream
      representations. Besides work on the transference, the critical component of the
      therapeutic action of psychoanalysis is stated to consist in work on dreams as
      pictographic and symbolic representations of implicit pre-symbolic and pre-verbal
      experiences. A case history is presented in which dream interpretation allowed
      some of a patient's early unconscious, non-repressed experiences to be
      emotionally reconstructed and made thinkable even though they were not actually
      remembered.

PMID- 13678500
TI  - Sanctioned social violence: a psychoanalytic view. Part II.
AB  - This paper is the second in a series of two papers. In Part I, the first paper,
      the author reviewed the influence on the development of socially sanctioned
      violence of psychodynamics of group psychology and mass psychology, the
      regressive pull of ideologies, personality features of social and political
      leadership, and historical trauma and social crises. In this Part II, the author
      explores, from a psychoanalytic perspective, the dehumanization processes related
      to fundamentalist ideologies and terrorism.

PMID- 13678501
TI  - Creativity and oedipal fantasy in Austen's Emma: 'An ingenious and animating
      suspicion'.
AB  - Austen's Emma is one of the great novels of the Western tradition. In this paper
      the author explores the meaning of Emma's 'ingenious and animating suspicion'
      that Jane Fairfax seduced her best friend's husband, Mr Dixon. The interpretation
      that a psychoanalytic understanding makes possible shows how this suspicion
      represents an oedipal fantasy projected on to Miss Fairfax. Further exploration
      demonstrates how the fantasy is linked both to Emma's systematic unkindness to
      Jane Fairfax and to Emma's famous insult to Jane's aunt, Miss Bates. Emma's
      suspicion projects an oedipal fantasy with its incestuous impulses on to her
      rival and satisfies an envious aggression at the same time. The author's purpose
      in this paper is to bring to light through psychoanalytic understanding Austen's
      dramatisation of the complexity and creativity of the oedipal situation. In
      addition to the regression in oedipal fantasy, the primary process also functions
      with a progressive quality that expands and enriches the ego, a double movement
      described in Keats's 'negative capability', which has been elaborated by Bion.
      The primal-scene fantasies are often brought alive in the analytic transference.
      These situations and painful emotions are dramatically portrayed through Austen's
      genius as vehicles for change. A sudden integration follows a phase of
      disorganization: 'It darted through her with the speed of an arrow. Mr Knightley
      must marry no-one but herself'. Emma, who is Austen's 'imaginist', moves from the
      projected fantasy of the sad love triangle through envy aggression and the
      narcissistic blows of self-doubt and loss of love to moments of illumination and
      connection.

PMID- 13678502
TI  - Magnitude of trauma and personality change.
AB  - In this paper the author postulates that, in post-traumatic personality
      structures caused by overwhelming traumatic experiences, pre-traumatic
      personality features and childhood experiences are of little or no relevance.
      Sixty-four survivors of Nazi concentration camps are examined, their
      concentration camp experiences detailed and pre-persecution histories and post
      persecution psychopathology studied. The significance of a concentration camp
      experience is analytically discussed and evaluated. This study shows that 52
      cases (81.2%) of the 64 survivors of concentration camps presented an almost
      identical depressive personality structure irrespective of their prepersecution
      life history. The 64 survivors of concentration camps are psychologically
      compared to 78 cases of people who, in view of the menacing circumstances,
      decided to emigrate and in this way were spared from becoming victims of the Nazi
      'final solution'. Finally, the author discusses the value of psychoanalytical
      treatment.

PMID- 13678503
TI  - Panic disorder and depression: a psychodynamic exploration of comorbidity.
AB  - Eight of twenty-one patients presenting for treatment in an open trial of brief
      psychodynamic psychotherapy for panic disorder also carried the diagnosis of
      major depression. For the patients who completed the study, depression remitted
      as well as panic disorder. The authors highlight psychodynamic factors that they
      hypothesize may contribute to the significant overlap between panic disorder and
      depression, and describe three videotaped cases to illustrate these points.

PMID- 13678504
TI  - Analysis of transference: a North American perspective.
AB  - Using detailed clinical vignettes, the author illustrates and compares several
      North American approaches to the analysis of transference, tracing their origins
      in Freud's works and in various post-Freudian conceptualizations, including the
      writings of Anna Freud and Charles Brenner. Particular attention is paid to the
      work of Merton Gill, Evelyne Schwaber, Paul Gray, and the British analyst, Betty
      Joseph. Discussed and illustrated are controversies over the broader and narrower
      views of transference, the interpretation of action in the analytic setting,
      earlier and later interpretations of transference with particular emphasis on the
      contrast between contemporary Kleinian and ego psychological perspectives, the
      role of extra-transference interpretation, and the concept of the transference
      neurosis. An argument is made for an integrative approach, drawing upon different
      emphases, depending on the clinical circumstances and the point of affective
      immediacy for the patient, which may or may not coincide with the point of
      affective immediacy for the analyst.

PMID- 13678505
TI  - Diagnosing a male hysteric: Don Juan-type.
AB  - The aim of this paper is to provide a clinical account of a male hysteric, Don
      Juan-type, taken from the early stages of treatment. The patient presented with a
      relationship problem but there soon emerged a form of compulsive sexuality or
      hypersexuality in his love relations that became a central feature of the
      clinical picture. This hypersexuality expressed itself in a compulsive need to
      stage, or to stage-manage, interpersonal scenaria of a sexual or sexualised
      nature. These scenaria, which were repeated in different variations and with
      different personnel, are seen by the author as a dramatisation of the primal
      scene with the patient taking up the position of the oedipal father. Explanations
      for the disappearance of male hysteria are given, including a new theory which
      claims that an imbalance in psychoanalytic theory itself led to the feminisation
      of hysteria. This critique allows certain forms of hypersexuality in men to be
      promoted as a form of hysteria, the most common example being Don Juanism-a form
      of compulsive sexuality that encompasses normative, conversion and character
      features. The paper also examines the male hysteric's developmental agenda. What
      the patient's compulsive sexual tableaux exposed was that he had never faced a
      separation that was not a triangular experience. This meant that his separations
      were experienced as two developmental agonies telescoped into one-separation (pre
      oedipal) and exclusion (early oedipal). This combination, the author suggests, is
      so frightening in a particular group of men as to explain the choice of hysteria
      as opposed to some other choice of neurosis.

PMID- 13678506
TI  - Savant syndrome and dreams.

PMID- 13678508
TI  - Report from the CDC. Awareness of perinatal group B streptococcal infection among
      women of childbearing age in the United States, 1999 and 2002.
AB  - BACKGROUND: The issuance in 2002 of new guidelines recommending universal
      screening for group B Streptococcus (GBS), a leading cause of neonatal sepsis in
      the United States, has created a new opportunity to educate women of childbearing
      age to be active partners in prevention. METHODS: To assess baseline levels of
      awareness about perinatal GBS, we analyzed responses to a question included in a
      health communications/social marketing survey in 1999 and 2002. RESULTS: Among
      the 2917 women under 50 who responded, 47% reported ever having heard of
      perinatal GBS. Among women pregnant at the time of the survey, awareness was 66%.
      Women with a high school education or less (OR = 0.60, 95% CI 0.50-0.73),
      household income <25,000 US dollars (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.54-0.79), or reporting
      black, Asian/Pacific Islander, or other race (ORs [95% CI] 0.70 [0.57-0.87], 0.61
      [0.41-0.90], 0.41 [0.20-0.85], respectively) had lower awareness of perinatal GBS
      than other women. Women currently pregnant (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.5-3.3) had higher
      awareness. CONCLUSIONS: Awareness of perinatal GBS is high among currently
      pregnant women, for whom this issue is most important. Efforts to raise awareness
      should be targeted to women from traditionally underserved populations, such as
      those who are of nonwhite race or who have lower educational attainment or
      household income.

PMID- 13678509
TI  - Toward optimal health: the experts discuss facial skin and related concerns in
      women.

PMID- 13678510
TI  - Is colposcopic biopsy overused among women with a cytological diagnosis of
      atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS)?
AB  - BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance
      (ASCUS) during cervical screening indicates cellular abnormality but is not
      sufficient for a definitive diagnosis of a squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL).
      Before the 2001 consensus guidelines for the management of women with cervical
      cytological abnormalities are introduced, follow-up management of ASCUS women by
      colposcopic biopsy is done at patient and physician discretion. METHODS: In this
      study, we examined variables associated with the method of follow-up (colposcopic
      biopsy, repeat Pap smear) in a sample of 651 women(ages 18-82 years) who were
      diagnosed with ASCUS and were then referred for either a colposcopic biopsy or a
      repeat Pap smear at their next follow-up appointment. RESULTS: In a multivariate
      logistic regression analysis (outcome variable = follow-up by colposcopic biopsy
      or by repeat Pap smear), we found that the odds of follow-up by colposcopic
      biopsy were 8-fold (OR 8.5, 95% CI 4.4-16.3) higher for high-income (>47,117 US
      dollars vs. <24,767 US dollars) women, 2-fold higher (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.5-5.1 )
      for women with private insurance (relative to Medicaid), and 3-fold higher (OR
      3.1, 95% CI 1.3-7.4) for middle-aged women (ages 36-45 vs. > 55 y). CONCLUSIONS:
      In stratified analyses, we found that high income was positively associated with
      odds of colposcopic biopsy in all strata of health coverage and that among those
      in the highest income category, private insurance remained an indicator of
      colposcopic biopsy use. Our findings raise the possibility that among women with
      ASCUS, there is an overuse of colposcopic biopsy by high-income and privately
      insured women who are likely to be at low risk of cervical malignancies.

PMID- 13678511
TI  - Family physicians' knowledge of risk factors for cervical cancer.
AB  - BACKGROUND: A woman's risk for cervical cancer has been used by physicians to
      guide the initiation and frequency of a Pap smear. The aim of this study was to
      determine family physicians' knowledge of risk factors for cervical cancer and
      perceived importance of risk in screening women. METHODS: The self-administered
      questionnaire was mailed to 5000 randomly selected active members of the American
      Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP). RESULTS: Data from 2748 usable
      questionnaires indicated the mean number of risks considered for cervical cancer
      was 4.5. Physician's age and the number of reported risks were inversely
      correlated (p = 0.0001). Female physicians reported significantly more risk
      factors than male physicians (p = 0.05). The number of Pap smears performed per
      month was positively correlated with the number of risk factors reported (p =
      0.001). Only 10% of the physicians indicated that they perform a Pap smear at the
      same interval regardless of the risk of the woman. CONCLUSIONS: This sample of
      family physicians has a limited understanding of the risk factors for cervical
      cancer. This was true regardless of the age, gender, training, race, geographic
      location, or practice setting of the responding physician. Yet the usual practice
      of screening for cervical cancer reported by these physicians would suggest that
      knowledge and use of risk factors would be a critical aspect of screening for
      cervical cancer.

PMID- 13678512
TI  - The effect of depressive symptoms and optimism on the risk of spontaneous
      abortion among innercity women.
AB  - BACKGROUND: The role of depressive symptoms and optimism on the risk of
      spontaneous abortion has not been well examined. Prior studies have documented
      that emotional stress can affect immune and endocrine function, which may in turn
      influence fertilization, implantation, embryogenesis, and successful fetal
      growth. METHODS: We enrolled pregnant women coming to the emergency department at
      the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania from January 1999 through August
      2001 to examine the role of depressive symptoms and optimism on spontaneous
      abortion. Cases were women who experienced a spontaneous abortion during the
      follow-up period (n = 174), and controls were women who maintained their
      pregnancy through 22 weeks (n = 798). Baseline interviews collected measures of
      depressive symptoms, using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale
      (CES-D) and optimism using the Life Oriented Test-Revised (LOT-R). RESULTS: We
      did not find a significant, prospective relationship between depressive symptoms
      or optimism and the risk of spontaneous abortion in our specific study
      population. CONCLUSIONS: The impact of depressive symptoms and optimism on
      pregnancy outcomes should be examined further in other populations.

PMID- 13678513
TI  - A population-based assessment of women's mental health and attitudes toward
      women's human rights in Afghanistan.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To assess the health status of Afghan women and attitudes of these
      women and their male relatives during the period of Taliban rule toward women's
      rights and community development needs in Afghanistan. METHODS: In household
      residences in two regions in Afghanistan (one Taliban controlled and the other
      not under the Taliban) and a refugee camp and repatriation center in Pakistan,
      structured interviews were conducted among a random sample of women and men
      exposed to Taliban policy and women living in a non-Taliban controlled area (724
      Afghan women and 553 male relatives). RESULTS: Major depression was far more
      prevalent among women exposed to Taliban policies (73%-78%) than among women
      living in a non-Taliban controlled area (28%). Sixty-five percent of women living
      in a Taliban-controlled area and 73% of women in Pakistan exposed to Taliban
      policies expressed suicidal ideation at the time of the study, compared with 18%
      of those in a non-Taliban controlled area. More than 90% of both women and men
      expressed support for equal work and educational opportunities, free expression,
      protection of women's rights, participation of women in government, and the
      inclusion of women's human rights concerns in peace talks. A majority of both
      women and men believed that guaranteeing civil and political rights (69%) and
      meeting basic needs (90%) were important for the health and development of their
      communities. CONCLUSIONS: In Afghanistan under the Taliban, policies restricting
      women's rights were not the product of years of tradition or of social and
      economic deprivation. Instead, they were man-made policies as easily and swiftly
      revoked as they were instituted. Depression rates among women in Afghanistan,
      especially in Taliban-controlled areas, were extraordinarily high. Current
      efforts to rebuild Afghanistan must address these high rates of depression and
      other mental health problems to ensure women's full participation in development.

PMID- 13678514
TI  - Pro bono work and nonmedical volunteerism among U.S. women physicians.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To determine women physicians' rates of pro bono work and nonmedical
      volunteerism. We examined data from the Women Physician's Health Study (WPHS), a
      cross-sectional survey conducted in 1993-1994 of 4501 U.S. women physicians aged
      30-70 years. RESULTS: Of this group, 71% participated in either pro bono work
      (among those participating, a median of 4 hours/week), nonmedical volunteering (2
      hours/week), or both. Predictors of pro bono work were subspecialty training,
      practice site, practice location, on-call nights, work hours, and hours
      nonmedical volunteering. Predictors of nonmedical volunteering were age,
      ethnicity, marital status, number of children, religion, practice site, practice
      location, work hours, political identification, and the performance of pro bono
      services. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial majority of women physicians volunteer their
      time. These data on characteristics of volunteers can help us understand and
      motivate physicians giving behaviors.

PMID- 13678515
TI  - Long-term follow-up in breast cancer survivors: a single institution survey.

PMID- 13678517
TI  - Classical conditioning and modification of the rabbit's (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
      unconditioned nictitating membrane response.
AB  - A fundamental tenet of behavior is that a reflex is automatic, unconscious,
      involuntary, and relatively invariant. However, we have discovered that a reflex
      can change dramatically as a function of classical conditioning, and this change
      can be demonstrated independently of the conditioned stimulus. We have termed
      this phenomenon conditioning-specific reflex modification (CRM). Although the
      behavioral laws and neural substrates of nonassociative reflex changes have been
      identified, the behavioral laws and neural substrates of CRM are only now being
      revealed. For example, CRM is similar to classical conditioning in that (a) it is
      a function of both the strength of conditioning and (b) the strength of the
      unconditioned stimulus, (c) it can be extinguished, and (d) it can be generalized
      from one unconditioned stimulus to another. Preliminary analysis suggests that
      CRM may have some features in common with post-traumatic stress disorder and may
      provide insights into treatment of the disorder.

PMID- 13678518
TI  - Social cognition and the prefrontal cortex.
AB  - Social cognitive neuroscience is a rapidly emerging field that utilizes cognitive
      neuroscientific techniques (e.g., lesion studies, neuroimaging) to address
      concepts traditionally in the social psychological realm (e.g., attitudes,
      stereotypes). The purpose of this article is to review published neuroscientific
      and neuropsychological research into social cognition. The author focuses on the
      role of the prefrontal cortex in social behavior and presents a framework that
      provides cohesion of this research. The article proposes that this framework will
      be useful in guiding future social cognitive neuroscientific research.

PMID- 13678519
TI  - The interface between emotion and attention: a review of evidence from psychology
      and neuroscience.
AB  - This review addresses the interconnections between emotional and attentional
      processing, with an emphasis on both behavioral and neuroscientific findings. Are
      emotional stimuli encoded automatically, and what does that mean? How are
      emotional stimuli selected for enhanced processing within a limited capacity
      system? Evidence suggests a two-stage process: First, emotional significance is
      evaluated preattentively by a sub-cortical circuit involving the amygdala; and
      second, stimuli deemed emotionally significant are given priority in the
      competition for access to selective attention. This process involves bottom-up
      inputs from the amygdala as well as top-down influences from frontal lobe regions
      involved in goal setting and maintaining representations in working memory. The
      review highlights limitations in the current literature, directions for fruitful
      future research, and the need to move beyond simple dichotomies such as
      'cognition' versus 'emotion.'

PMID- 13678520
TI  - The cognitive effect profiles of NMDA receptor modulating drugs are resolvable if
      stimulus complexity is varied in a number discernment task.
AB  - Number discernment is at the heart of task accuracy for laboratory animals
      performing Fixed Consecutive Number (FCN) operant tasks. Narrow-limit FCN tasks,
      in particular, are useful for measuring working memory in rat subjects because
      performance efficacy, which is set up to concord with food delivery, depends on a
      fairly precise quantification of cues generated by the rat's ongoing behavior.
      Reported here is a behavioral pharmacology study that utilized a group of
      overtrained and FCN-schedule-compliant rats injected in a randomized series of
      testing sessions with different types of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor
      modulating drugs. Modifications made to the narrow-limit FCN schedule permitted a
      simultaneous measure of drug-induced compromises in subjects' sensory integrative
      or motor coordinating capabilities. This highly sensitive model implicated the
      intrachannel and the glutamate recognition NMDA receptor binding sites as prime
      mediators of NMDA antagonist associated memory impairments because drugs acting
      at the mentioned sites lowered counting efficacy without altering sensorimotor
      function.

PMID- 13678521
TI  - Oxidative protein folding: recent advances and some remaining challenges.

PMID- 13678522
TI  - The influence of His94 and Pro149 in modulating the activity of V. cholerae DsbA.
AB  - DsbA is the primary catalyst of disulfide bond formation in the periplasm of gram
      negative bacteria. Numerous theoretical and experimental studies have been
      undertaken to determine the molecular mechanisms by which DsbA acts as a potent
      oxidant, whereas the homologous cytoplasmic protein, thioredoxin, acts as a
      reductant. Many of these studies have focused on the nature of the two residues
      that lie between the active-site cysteines. Although these are clearly important,
      they are not solely responsible for the differences in activity between these
      thiol-disulfide oxidoreductases. Q97 in the helical domain of E. coli DsbA has
      been implicated in influencing the redox potential of E. coli DsbA. In V.
      cholerae DsbA, the analogous residue is H94. In this study, the effect of H94 on
      the oxidase activity of DsbA is examined, along with the role of the conserved
      cis-proline residue P149. The DsbA mutant H94L shows a nearly fourfold increase
      in activity over the wild-type enzyme. To our knowledge, this is the first time
      an increase in the normal activity of a thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase has been
      reported. Potential reasons for this increase in activity are discussed.

PMID- 13678523
TI  - Defining the domain boundaries of the human protein disulfide isomerases.
AB  - The protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family of folding catalysts are constructed
      from combinations of redoxactive and redox-inactive domains, all of which are
      probably based on the thioredoxin fold. To understand the function of each domain
      in the variety of catalytic reactions that each family member can perform (to
      differing extents), the domain boundaries of each family member must be known. By
      using a technique based on sequence alignments and the known structure of the a
      and b domains of human PDI, we generated a large number of domain constructs for
      all six redox-active human PDIs: PDI, PDIp, ERp72, ERp57, P5, and PDIr. The
      ability to generate significant amounts of soluble protein in E. coli from most
      of these domain constructs strongly indicates that the domain boundaries are
      correct. The implications for these domain boundaries on the tertiary structure
      of the human PDIs are discussed.

PMID- 13678524
TI  - Characterization of the ERp57-Tapasin complex by rapid cellular acidification and
      thiol modification.
AB  - Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules bind and present short
      peptides to cells of the immune system. The oxidoreductase ERp57 is involved in
      the assembly of MHC class I molecules and is a component of the peptide loading
      complex, where it is found disulfide-bonded to tapasin. We have studied ERp57 and
      the ERp57-tapasin conjugate by rapid acidification of the intracellular
      environment with trichloroacetic acid (TCA), followed by thiol modification with
      the alkylating agent 4'-maleimidylstilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (AMS). By using
      TCA/AMS treatment, non-tapasin-associated ERp57 is shown to exist almost
      exclusively in a reduced state, suggesting that both thioredoxin-like CXXC motifs
      are exposed and reduced. A 110-kDa product is readily detected with this TCA/AMS
      protocol and is confirmed as an ERp57-tapasin conjugate by its absence from the
      tapasin-deficient .220 cell line and by immunoblotting with both ERp57- and
      tapasin-specific antisera. The ERp57-tapasin conjugate can also be modified with
      the oxidizing agent diamide, indicating that within the pool of ERp57-tapasin
      complexes the free, non-tapasin-linked CXXC motif exists in both oxidized and
      reduced states, suggesting availability to undergo redox reactions.

PMID- 13678525
TI  - Oxidation of ER resident proteins upon oxidative stress: effects of altering
      cellular redox/antioxidant status and implications for protein maturation.
AB  - Previous work showed that from all cellular proteins, the endoplasmic reticulum
      (ER) resident proteins are most sensitive to oxidative stress [hydrogen peroxide
      (H(2)O(2))], as determined using the oxidation-sensitive, membrane-permeable,
      acetylTyrFluo probe. Because of the importance of these proteins in proper
      cellular functioning, we studied (a) whether modifying the cellular redox
      state/antioxidant status alters the susceptibility of those proteins toward
      H(2)O(2) oxidative stress and (b) whether H(2)O(2) affects ER function with
      regard to protein folding. The cellular redox and/or antioxidative capacity was
      modified in several ways. Lowering the capacity increased H(2)O(2)-induced
      protein oxidation, and increasing the capacity lowered H(2)O(2)-induced protein
      oxidation. The effect of H(2)O(2) on ER-related protein maturation was
      investigated, using the maturation of the low-density lipoprotein receptor as a
      model. Its maturation was not affected at low concentrations of H(2)O(2) (< or =
      400 micro M), which do result in oxidation of ER resident proteins. Maturation
      was slowed down or reversibly inhibited at higher concentrations of H(2)O(2) (1.5
      2.0 mM). These results might be caused by several events, including oxidation of
      the low-density lipoprotein receptor itself or ER resident proteins resulting in
      decreased folding (capacity). Alternatively, oxidation of cytosolic proteins
      involved in ER Golgi transport might attenuate transport and maturation. Clearly,
      the mechanism(s) responsible for the impairment of maturation need further
      investigation.

PMID- 13678526
TI  - Cloning and initial characterization of the Arabidopsis thaliana endoplasmic
      reticulum oxidoreductins.
AB  - The oxidation and isomerization of disulfide bonds is necessary for the growth of
      all organisms. In yeast, the oxidative folding of secretory pathway proteins is
      catalyzed by protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), which requires Ero1p (endoplasmic
      reticulum oxidoreductin) for its own oxidation. In Homo sapiens, two homologues
      of Ero1p, Ero1-Lalpha and Ero1-Lbeta, have been cloned. Both Ero1-Lalpha and Ero1
      Lbeta interact via disulfide bonds with PDI and support the oxidation of
      immunoglobulin light chains. However, the function of Ero proteins in plants has
      not yet been analyzed. In this article, we report the cloning of the two Ero1p
      homologues present in Arabidopsis thaliana, demonstrating that one of the cDNAs
      has a shorter terminal exon than predicted and differs from the annotated
      sequence found in the genome database. Sequence analysis of the Arabidopsis
      endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductins (AEROs) reveals that both AERO1 and AERO2
      are more closely related to each other than to either of the human Eros. Both in
      vitro translated AERO proteins are targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum and
      glycosylated. The ability to use a genetically tractable multicellular organism
      in combination with biochemical approaches should further our understanding of
      redox networks and Ero function in both plants and animals.

PMID- 13678527
TI  - Genomics perspective on disulfide bond formation.
AB  - Disulfide bond formation, reduction, and isomerization in substrate proteins are
      catalyzed by designated pathways composed of thiol-dependent enzymes. Disulfides
      are generated in oxidizing environments, such as bacterial periplasm and
      eukaryotic endoplasmic reticulum (ER), but could also be formed in the cytosol.
      Major contributors to the formation of intramolecular disulfides in proteins are
      thiol/disulfide oxidoreductases containing a conserved CxxC motif (two cysteines
      separated by two other residues), which in turn transfer reducing equivalents to
      adapter or membrane-bound oxidoreductases. Disulfide bond formation is
      accompanied by disulfide bond reduction and isomerization processes, allowing
      disulfide repair and quality control. Higher eukaryotes evolved a complex network
      of thiol/disulfide oxidoreductases that are involved in disulfide bond formation
      and isomerization and thiol-dependent protein retention. Emerging evidence
      suggests that these ER functions might be assisted by mammalian selenocysteine
      containing oxidoreductases Sep15 and SelM.

PMID- 13678528
TI  - Functions of thiol-disulfide oxidoreductases in E. coli: redox myths, realities,
      and practicalities.
AB  - A large family of enzymes contributes to the thiol-disulfide redox environment of
      the cells of most organisms. These proteins belong to pathways that carry out a
      variety of reactions, including the promotion of disulfide bond formation in
      extracytoplasmic proteins, the isomerization of proteins with incorrect disulfide
      bonds, and the reduction of disulfide bonds in the active sites of cytoplasmic
      proteins. Although the redox activities of these proteins measured in vitro often
      is consistent with the role (oxidant or reductant) these proteins perform in
      vivo, this is not always the case. The measured redox potentials can even suggest
      a function for a protein opposite of that which it carries out in the cell.
      Structural features of such proteins can contribute to a direction of electron
      transfer inconsistent with the redox potential. Furthermore, the environment in
      which such proteins are found may determine the protein's physiological role.
      Detailed analysis of these proteins in Escherichia coli provides strains that are
      useful for biotechnological purposes. Increasing the activity of certain of these
      proteins in the cell envelope or altering the thiol-disulfide redox environment
      of the cytoplasm to make it more oxidizing enhances the yield of useful disulfide
      bond-containing proteins such as tissue plasminogen activator and
      immunoglobulins.

PMID- 13678530
TI  - Not every disulfide lasts forever: disulfide bond formation as a redox switch.
AB  - Cellular compartments differ dramatically in their redox potentials. This
      translates directly into variations in the extent of disulfide bond formation
      within proteins, depending on their cellular localization. It has long been
      assumed that proteins that are present in the reducing environment of the cytosol
      do not possess disulfide bonds. The recent discovery of a number of cytosolic
      proteins that use specific and reversible disulfide bond formation as a
      functional switch suggests that this view needs to be revised. Oxidative stress
      induced disulfide bond formation appears to be the main strategy to adjust the
      protein activity of the oxidative stress transcription factors Yap1 and OxyR, the
      molecular chaperone Hsp33, and the anti-sigma factor RsrA. This elegant and rapid
      regulation allows the cells to respond quickly to environmental changes that
      manifest themselves in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species.

PMID- 13678529
TI  - Catalysis of protein folding by protein disulfide isomerase and small-molecule
      mimics.
AB  - Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) catalyzes the formation of native disulfide
      pairings in secretory proteins. The ability of PDI to act as a disulfide
      isomerase makes it an essential enzyme in eukaryotes. PDI also fulfills other
      important roles. Recent studies have emphasized the importance of PDI as an
      oxidant in the endoplasmic reticulum. Intriguing questions remain regarding how
      PDI is able to catalyze both isomerization and oxidation in vivo. Studies of PDI
      and its homologues have led to the development of small-molecule folding
      catalysts that are able to accelerate disulfide isomerization in vitro and in
      vivo. PDI will continue to provide both an inspiration for the design of such
      artificial foldases and a benchmark with which to gauge the success of those
      designs. Here, we review current understanding of the chemistry and biology of
      PDI, its homologues, and small molecules that mimic its catalytic activity.

PMID- 13678531
TI  - Quartet signal transducers in gas biology.

PMID- 13678532
TI  - Induction of heme oxygenase-1 in monocytes suppresses angiotensin II-elicited
      chemotactic activity through inhibition of CCR2: role of bilirubin and carbon
      monoxide generated by the enzyme.
AB  - Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and the receptor for MCP-1, CCR2, play
      a pivotal role in the recruitment of monocytes to the subendothelium, which is
      the initial event in atherosclerosis. Heme oxygenase (HO) is a microsomal enzyme
      that catalyzes the degradation of heme into biliverdin, which is subsequently
      reduced to bilirubin, free iron, and carbon monoxide, and induction of HO-1 is
      potentially associated with cellular protection, especially against oxidative
      insults. The present study was designed to examine the role of HO-1 in monocytes
      in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced chemotactic response. Ang II significantly
      stimulated superoxide formation in monocytes, as measured by nitro blue
      tetrazolium reduction assay, as well as the chemotactic response to MCP-1 with
      the increased expression of CCR2 determined by RT-PCR and western blotting
      analysis. Hemin-treated monocytes displayed an enhanced HO activity with the
      increased accumulation of bilirubin determined by immunostaining, when compared
      with control monocytes. The induction of HO-1 in monocytes suppresses not only
      Ang II-stimulated superoxide formation, but also Ang II-enhanced chemotactic
      activity. Exogenously applied bilirubin and carbon monoxide mimicked the
      inhibitory effect of HO-1 on the chemotactic response. These findings suggest
      that monocytic HO-1 might be a new therapeutic target for atherosclerosis.

PMID- 13678533
TI  - Carbon monoxide stimulates mrp2-dependent excretion of bilirubin-IXalpha into
      bile in the perfused rat liver.
AB  - Although carbon monoxide (CO) has been reported to protect against hepatobiliary
      dysfunction, mechanisms for its actions remain unknown. This study aimed to
      examine actions of physiologically relevant concentrations of CO on biliary
      excretion. The effects of transportal administration of CO on bile output and
      constituents were examined in perfused rat livers. In livers of fed rats, CO
      regulated bile output biphasically in a dose-dependent manner; transportal
      administration of CO at 4 micro mol/L stimulated bile output by 10%. Under these
      circumstances, CO increased paracellular junctional permeability and consequently
      decreased biliary excretion of bile salts. Choleresis elicited by 4 micro mol/L
      CO coincided with significant increases in biliary excretion of bilirubin-IXalpha
      and glutathione. The CO-induced choleresis occurred independently of cyclic GMP,
      coincided with elevated excretion of K(+) and HCO(3)(-), and was abolished by
      tetraethylammonium, suggesting stimulatory effects of the gas on potassium
      channels. CO-mediated choleresis and increased excretion of organic anions
      appeared to be mediated by mrp2, because Eisai hyperbilirubinemia rats, which
      genetically lack the transporter, did not exhibit choleresis upon the CO
      administration. These results suggest that CO stimulates mrp2-dependent excretion
      of bilirubin-IXalpha through mechanisms involving potassium channels, serving as
      a cooperator standing behind the heme oxygenase reaction to facilitate hepatic
      heme detoxification.

PMID- 13678534
TI  - Aberrant utilization of nitric oxide and regulation of soluble guanylate cyclase
      in rat diabetic retinopathy.
AB  - Although nitric oxide (NO) was shown not only to exert biological activities
      through activation of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), but also to cause
      oxidative stress, mechanisms for switching these pathways are unknown. This study
      aimed to examine aberrant utilization of NO under disease conditions such as
      diabetes mellitus. Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by injecting
      streptozotocin (STZ; 50 mg/kg body weight, i.p.). Retina was perfusion-fixed for
      immunohistochemistry to detect the gas-mediated activation of sGC by anti-sGC
      antibodies that are function-sensitive [monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 3221] and 
      insensitive (MoAb28131). Regional lipid peroxidation was also examined by an anti
      acrolein MoAb. At 6 weeks after STZ injection, inducible NO synthase induction
      became evident, coinciding with the overproduction of nitrotyrosine, followed by
      that of acrolein. Despite such NO overproduction, sGC did not exhibit any notable
      activation. When STZ-treated animals were posttreated with a derivative of
      superoxide dismutase that stays in circulation without undergoing renal
      ultrafiltration, immunoreactivities to MoAb3221 but not to MoAb28131 increased
      markedly in diabetic retina, suggesting that superoxide cancels free NO for local
      sGC activation. These results provide evidence of aberrant utilization of NO and
      suggest that superoxide plays a role in interfering with NO-mediated sGC
      activation for phototransducing events in this neural tissue.

PMID- 13678535
TI  - HIF-1 in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and tumor progression.
AB  - Cells in a low oxygen, or hypoxic, microenvironment must have the ability to
      sense oxygen levels in the nucleus in order to maintain oxygen homeostasis by
      gene regulation. Hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) serves as a molecular bridge
      between the sensation and utilization of oxygen, and thus functions as a key
      player in oxygen homeostasis. HIF-1 is a heterodimeric transcription factor and
      is composed of two subunits, the oxygen-sensitive HIF-1alpha and constitutively
      expressed HIF-1beta. HIF-1 regulates the expression of a broad range of genes
      that facilitate acclimation to low oxygen conditions by changes in protein levels
      in circulation, metabolism, and proliferation. Appropriate temporal and spatial
      activation of HIF-1 is crucial not only in developmental and physiological
      processes, characterized by programmed cellular proliferation, but also in
      pathophysiological conditions such as tumorigenesis, which exhibit unregulated
      cellular proliferation. However, many contradictory reports as to the role of HIF
      1 in the regulation of cellular proliferation have been put forward in recent
      years. In this review, our first aim is to summarize the current knowledge of
      oxygen-dependent HIF-1 activation mechanisms based on its structure. Then we will
      describe the proposed mechanisms through which HIF-1 regulates cellular
      proliferation of different cell types, including tumor cells as well as non
      transformed, nonimmortalized cells under normoxic and hypoxic conditions.

PMID- 13678536
TI  - Cross talk of nitric oxide, oxygen radicals, and superoxide dismutase regulates
      the energy metabolism and cell death and determines the fates of aerobic life.
AB  - Although oxygen is required for the energy metabolism in aerobic organisms, it
      generates reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that impair a wide variety of
      biological molecules, including lipids, proteins, and DNA, thereby causing
      various diseases. Because mitochondria are the major site of free radical
      generation, they are highly enriched with enzymes, such as Mn-type superoxide
      dismutase in matrix, and antioxidants including GSH on both sides of inner
      membranes, thus minimizing oxidative stress in and around this organelle. We
      recently showed that a cross talk of nitric oxide and oxygen radicals regulates
      the circulation, energy metabolism, reproduction, and remodeling of cells during
      embryonic development, and functions as a major defense system against pathogens.
      The present work shows that Cu/Zn-type superoxide dismutase, which has been
      postulated for a long time to be a cytosolic enzyme, also localizes bound to
      inner membranes of mitochondria, thereby minimizing oxidative stress in and
      around this organelle, while mitochondrial association decreases markedly with
      the variant types of the enzyme found in patients with familial amyotrophic
      lateral sclerosis. We also report that a cross talk of nitric oxide, superoxide,
      and molecular oxygen cooperatively regulates the fates of pathogens and their
      hosts and that oxidative stress in and around mitochondria also determines cell
      death in the development of animals and tissue injury caused by anticancer agents
      by some carnitine-inhibitable mechanism.

PMID- 13678537
TI  - Mechanistic probing of gaseous signal transduction in microcirculation.
AB  - Nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) serve as activators of soluble
      guanylate cyclase (sGC) in vitro, and the latter serves as a microvascular
      relaxant for the liver, a major organ for heme oxygenase-dependent heme
      degradation and gas generation. Another important determinant of local sGC
      activities is superoxide anion, which scavenges NO and/or activates sGC directly.
      Altered bioavailability of the oxygen-derived species and its functional outcomes
      remain unknown, because information on amounts and distribution of these
      molecules has hardly been examined in vivo. Our recent studies provided evidence
      for such complex actions of multiple gases in vivo. Intravital visualization of
      NO in microcirculation revealed that two distinct sources, NO synthase-1 and -3,
      play a major role in the maintenance of NO in arteriolar and venular walls,
      respectively. Besides its vasorelaxing action in the hepatic microcirculation, CO
      could induce vasoconstriction in the resistant artery where NO is abundantly
      available; systemic blood pressure was elevated in transgenic mice overexpressing
      heme oxygenase-1 site-specifically in vascular smooth muscle cells. Such a
      relationship between the gases has also been demonstrated by mechanistic
      bioprobing of sGC function using novel monoclonal antibodies. This article aims
      to provide an overview of advances in visual assessment of the generation and
      reception of oxygen-derived gaseous mediators in vivo.

PMID- 13678538
TI  - The gasotransmitter role of hydrogen sulfide.
AB  - A novel concept of "gasotransmitter" arrived recently. Gasotransmitters are small
      molecules of endogenous gases with important physiological functions. Their
      production and metabolism are enzymatically regulated, and their effects are not
      dependent on specific membrane receptors. Following the identification of nitric
      oxide and carbon monoxide as gasotransmitters, hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) may be
      qualified as the third gasotransmitter. Recent studies have shown that H(2)S is
      generated from vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), catalyzed by specific H(2)S
      generating enzyme. At physiologically relevant concentrations, H(2)S relaxes
      vascular tissues, an effect mediated by the activation of ATP-sensitive K(+)
      (K(ATP)) channels in vascular SMCs. H(2)S directly alters the activity of K(ATP)
      channels without the involvement of second messengers. Furthermore, the
      endogenous production of H(2)S in the cardiovascular system is likely regulated
      by nitric oxide, whereas the vasorelaxant effect of nitric oxide is inhibited by
      H(2)S. It is anticipated that future studies will better reveal the molecular
      mechanisms underlying the effect of H(2)S on K(ATP) channel proteins, the
      interaction of H(2)S and other gasotransmitters in cardiovascular system, the
      endogenous stimulators and inhibitors of H(2)S metabolism, the role of H(2)S in
      the regulation of heart function, and the abnormal H(2)S production and action
      under various pathophysiological conditions.

PMID- 13678539
TI  - A brief picture of HIV/AIDS in Turkey.

PMID- 13678540
TI  - Development pharmaceutics of microbicide formulations. Part II: formulation,
      evaluation, and challenges.
AB  - In recent years, AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) have become a
      burgeoning problem and are spreading at an alarming rate. Microbicides are being
      developed as a new therapeutic category for prevention of transmission of
      sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV. Many of the microbicide
      formulations (MF) may fail to elicit a protective response either because of a
      lack of efficacy or inadequate formulation. Manufacturing a stable, efficacious,
      safe, and optimal product is the main objective of formulation development
      programs. Preformulation parameters (PP), as discussed in Part I of this series,
      influence formulation development significantly and should be considered
      carefully before designing a formulation strategy. Initially, based on PP and
      market research, a target product profile (TPP) is generated, which defines
      product attributes that can be normally classified as "essential" and
      "desirable." A complex and dynamic process begins thereafter that takes into
      consideration myriad factors starting from selection of delivery system,
      selection of excipients, compatibility study, prototype composition, selection of
      process and optimization, stability testing, scale up, manufacturing under good
      manufacturing practices (GMP), and packaging development. Prototype formulations
      are evaluated for several performance characteristics (e.g., dispersion behavior,
      bioadhesion, retention, spreading, rheology). These compositions are also
      subjected to biologic evaluation by various in vitro and in vivo models. Such a
      well-planned, well-coordinated, and well-implemented formulation development
      program not only accelerates overall development but also minimizes failures in
      subsequent clinical development studies. The objective of this review is to
      highlight the importance of formulation science, outline the steps involved in
      this process, and explore how these can be exploited for achieving optimal MF.

PMID- 13678541
TI  - Depression and drug use impact health status among marginally housed HIV-infected
      individuals.
AB  - A representative sample of HIV-positive homeless and marginally housed
      individuals completed SF-36 health surveys and responses were analyzed for
      associations with sociodemographic, health, health care, and drug use variables.
      Among 330 respondents, 83% were male, 43% were African American, and the median
      age was 39 years. Negative associations were found between female gender and
      vitality as well as physical functioning; older age and physical functioning;
      drug use or drug treatment and role-emotional, social functioning, body pain, as
      well as vitality; health care utilization and depression with all scales. It
      appeared that depression and drug-related variables were associated with multiple
      dimensions of health status in this population. Interventions to treat depression
      and addiction may improve the health status of HIV-infected HMH.

PMID- 13678542
TI  - Longitudinal study of mental health and psychosocial predictors of medical
      treatment adherence in mothers living with HIV disease.
AB  - Cross-sectional studies to date that examine psychosocial correlates of
      antiretroviral adherence have insufficiently addressed the challenges of long
      term adherence. This longitudinal study examined mental health, substance abuse,
      and psychosocial predictors of long-term adherence to antiretroviral medications
      and medical appointments among HIV-seropositive mothers recruited from an
      infectious disease clinic of a large urban medical center. Individual interviews
      were conducted at baseline and two follow-up points, 8 to 18 months after
      enrollment. Based on a model of health behavior, we examined psychiatric and
      psychosocial predictors of adherence to antiretroviral medications and medical
      appointments over time. Presence of a psychiatric disorder, negative stressful
      life events, more household members, and parenting stress were significantly
      associated with both missed pills and missed medical appointments at follow-up.
      Baseline substance abuse was associated with missed pills at follow-up and lack
      of disclosure to family members at baseline was associated with missed medical
      appointments at follow-up. These findings suggest that interventions that
      integrate mental health, substance abuse and medical care may be important to
      improving the medical adherence and health of HIV-seropositive women,
      particularly in multistressed populations with substantial caregiving and other
      life demands.

PMID- 13678543
TI  - A qualitative study on HIV risk behaviors and medical needs of sex workers in a
      China/Myanmar border town.
AB  - Ruili is a small border town between China and Myanmar where drugs and commercial
      sex are common, and rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) including HIV,
      are high. A qualitative study was carried out on 89 commercial sex workers there
      in 2001 to understand more about their HIV awareness, medical-seeking behaviors
      and needs. We found that the sex workers were young and the turnover rates were
      high. Contrary to common belief, many came from nearby villages or cities, but
      were probably reluctant to participate in organized activities. Their medical
      knowledge was very limited, often acquired from peers and self-medication was
      common. The contraception they used was inappropriate and screening for cervical
      cancer was nonexistent. They were very stigma conscious. Condoms were purchased
      in small quantities when required and used only if the clients were agreeable.
      These findings have strong implications for the future planning of services and
      HIV/STD prevention.

PMID- 13678544
TI  - Rape among incarcerated men: sex, coercion and STDs.
AB  - Male inmates fear being raped most of all. Criminologists have yet to reach
      consensus on the prevalence of male inmate-on-inmate rape. The leading prevalence
      studies found that 7-12% of the responding male inmates had been raped an average
      of nine times. With a national jail and prison population of 2 million at mid
      year 2002, the United States likely exposes tens of thousands of male inmates to
      rape, and consequently, to HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases
      (STDs). The release of inmates from jails and prisons-estimated at 11.5 million
      persons in 1998-transforms the consequences of male rape from a correctional
      matter into a public health crisis. The quest for dominance and control over
      other inmates-not sexual release-best explains male custodial rape. Prison sexual
      predators are typically heterosexual. Their victims, however, involuntarily
      assume female roles in the prison sexual system. Moreover, they experience
      stigmatization by inmates and staff as well as physical and mental trauma. Civil
      rights litigation on behalf of victims rarely succeeds and damage awards are
      usually small. In 2003, Congress provided $13 million for the study and
      prevention of rape in jails and prisons. Preventing custodial rape and treating
      its victims will require a sustained commitment by government.

PMID- 13678545
TI  - Viral patterns of unboosted 908 identified.

PMID- 13678546
TI  - Women not talking about STDs.

PMID- 13678547
TI  - The clinical and cost-effectiveness of patient education models for diabetes: a
      systematic review and economic evaluation.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To assess the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of
      educational interventions for patients with diabetes, compared with usual care or
      other educational interventions. DATA SOURCES: Electronic databases, reference
      lists and experts were all consulted in this study. Sponsor submissions to the
      National Institute of Clinical Excellence were also reviewed. REVIEW METHODS:
      Electronic databases were searched, references of all retrieved articles were
      checked for relevant studies, and experts were contacted for advice and peer
      review and to identify additional published and unpublished references.
      Randomised clinical trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) were
      included if they fulfilled pre-specified criteria, among which was follow-up from
      inception for 12 months or longer. Data were synthesised through a narrative
      review because the diversity of studies prevented a meta-analysis. RESULTS:
      Twenty-four studies (18 RCTs and six CCTs) that compared education with either a
      control group or with another educational intervention were included. The quality
      of reporting and methodology was generally found to be poor by today's standards.
      As part of treatment intensification, education in Type 1 diabetes (four studies)
      resulted in significant and long-lasting improvements in metabolic control and
      reductions in complications. In Type 2 diabetes (16 studies) a diversity of
      educational programmes did not yield consistent results on measures of metabolic
      control. Inconsistent results on metabolic control were also found in studies of
      diabetes of either type (four studies), with studies of lower quality producing
      significant effects. Few studies evaluated quality of life. Economic evaluations
      comparing education with usual care or other educational interventions were not
      identified. CONCLUSIONS: Education as part of intensification of treatment
      produces improvement in diabetic control in Type 1 diabetes. Mixed results in
      Type 2 diabetes mean that no clear characterisation is possible as to what
      features of education may be beneficial. Cost analysis and information from
      sponsor submissions indicated that where costs associated with patient education
      were in the region of 500-600 pounds sterling per patients, the benefits over
      time would have to be very modest to offer an attractive cost-effectiveness
      profile. Further research should focus on RCTs with clear designs based on
      explicit hypotheses and with a range of outcomes evaluated after long follow-up
      intervals.

PMID- 13678548
TI  - Systematic review of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of tension
      free vaginal tape for treatment of urinary stress incontinence.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of tension-free
      vaginal tape (TVT) in comparison with the standard surgical interventions
      currently used. DATA SOURCES: Literature searches were carried out on electronic
      databases and websites for data covering the period 1966--2002. Other sources
      included references lists of relevant articles; selected experts in the field;
      abstracts of a limited number of conference proceedings titles; and the Internet.
      REVIEW METHODS: A systematic review of studies including comparisons of TVT with
      any of the comparators was conducted. Alternative treatments considered were
      abdominal retropubic colposuspension (including both open and laparoscopic
      colposuspension), traditional suburethral sling procedures and injectable agents
      (periurethral bulking agents). The identified studies were critically appraised
      and their results summarised. A Markov model comparing TVT with the comparators
      was developed using the results of the review of effectiveness and data on
      resource use and costs from previously conducted studies. The Markov model was
      used to estimate costs and quality-adjusted life-years for up to 10 years
      following surgery and it incorporated a probabilistic analysis and also
      sensitivity analysis around key assumptions of the model. RESULTS: Based on
      limited data from direct comparisons with TVT and from systematic reviews,
      laparoscopic colposuspension and traditional slings have broadly similar cure
      rates to TVT and open colposuspension, whereas injectable agents appear to have
      lower cure rates. TVT is less invasive than colposuspension and traditional sling
      procedures, and is also usually performed under regional or local anaesthesia.
      The principal operative complication is bladder perforation. There are currently
      no randomised controlled trial (RCT) data beyond 2 years post-surgery, and long
      term effects are therefore currently not known reliably. TVT was more likely to
      be considered cost-effective compared with the other surgical procedures.
      Increasing the absolute probability of cure following TVT reduced the likelihood
      that TVT would be considered cost-effective. CONCLUSIONS: The long-term
      performance of TVT in terms of both continence and unanticipated adverse effects
      is not known reliably at the moment. Despite relatively few robust comparative
      data, it appears that in the short to medium term TVT's effectiveness approaches
      that of alternative procedures currently available, and is of lower cost. As TVT
      is a less invasive procedure, it is possible that some women who would currently
      be managed non-surgically will be considered eligible for TVT. Increased adoption
      of TVT will require additional surgeons proficient in the technique. It is likely
      that some of the higher rates of complications, e.g. bladder perforation,
      reported for TVT are associated with a 'learning curve'. Appropriate training
      will therefore be needed for surgeons new to the operation, in respect of both
      the technical aspects of the procedure and the choice of women suitable for the
      operation. Further research suggestions include unbiased assessments of longer
      term performance from follow-up of controlled trials or population-based
      registries; more data from methodologically sound RCTs using standard outcome
      measures; a surveillance system to detect longer term complications, if any,
      associated with the use of tape; and rigorous evaluation before extending the use
      of TVT to women who are currently managed non-surgically.

PMID- 13678549
TI  - Prioritisation of health technology assessment. The PATHS model: methods and case
      studies.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To develop a method of economic evaluation and triage for research
      prioritisation, before the funding decision. DATA SOURCES: Existing models were
      researched focusing on MEDLINE, HealthSTAR, IBSS and HEED. REVIEW METHODS: Papers
      of primary relevance that included a proposed model were reviewed in detail, and
      their models appraised using criteria adapted from the EUR-ASSESS project and the
      authors' previous experience. From this the PATHS model was developed. It assumes
      three or more possible alternative outcomes or scenarios in terms of research
      results: 'favourable' to the technology being assessed, 'unfavourable' or
      'inconclusive'. An associated flow of benefits or disbenefits, costs or savings
      is identified for each potential research outcome depending on the likely
      implementation of the results as judged by experts. These benefits and costs are
      weighted and discounted in the model to give an expected incremental cost
      effectiveness ratio (EICER). EICERS could be estimated for any number of research
      areas or proposals to inform funding prioritisation. The model was tested and
      evaluated on three case studies identified in liaison with the NHS R&D HTA
      programme and the UK Medical Research Council. These case studies were funded
      research projects, where full evaluation was underway and where results would be
      reported during the PATHS project. The studies were selected to include surgery
      or other invasive procedures, and non-invasive health services projects (a fourth
      case study did not complete during the course of the study). The three case
      studies included randomised controlled trials of early surgery or observation for
      small abdominal aortic aneurysms, infusion protocols for adult pre-hospital care,
      and postnatal midwifery support. RESULTS: Each of the three assessments indicated
      net clinical benefit or no clinical loss of benefit, in addition to health
      service cost savings in excess of the cost of the trial. For two case studies,
      the value of the proposed trial, as evaluated by the model in the prediction, was
      consistent with the ex post evaluation, thus providing positive tests of the
      value of the model. In the third case meaningful ex post analysis was not
      possible as very poor compliance with the trial protocol (indicated in the ex
      ante evaluation) seriously undermined its conclusions. During the study, at the
      request of the UK HTA programme, the model was also applied to a funding request
      for a large randomised trial of beta-interferon for multiple sclerosis treatment.
      CONCLUSION: The PATHS model has a useful part to play in the research
      prioritisation process. Its strengths lie in its emphasis on the impact of
      research results on policy and practice (the keystone for NHS research) and net
      effects on health benefits and costs. It assesses the cost-effectiveness of the
      research and may identify ways to enhance the research design, endpoints relevant
      to implementation, analytical methods and dissemination. Further research is
      recommended to investigate the scope for synthesising the strengths of the PATHS
      model with other approaches including value of information; to compare ex ante
      and immediate ex post assessments of implementation with long term follow-up of
      actual implementation; and to assess the robustness of such approaches to the
      choice and number of experts used.

PMID- 13678550
TI  - Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of acute hospital-based spinal cord injuries
      services: systematic review.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To examine four key areas: (1) the effectiveness and cost
      effectiveness of spinal fixation surgery, (2) the consequences of immediate
      versus delayed referral to a spinal injuries unit (SIU), (3) the number of people
      with a new spinal cord injury (SCI) who are discharged from hospital without ever
      being transferred to an SIU, and (4) the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of
      steroids for people with SCI. DATA SOURCES: Searches were carried out on several
      databases and also on the Internet. Specialist SCI and spinal injury related
      websites were searched, specifically the Spinal Injuries Association, the British
      Association of Spinal Cord Injury Specialists and the National Spinal Cord Injury
      Association. REVIEW METHODS: Three separate search strategies were devised to
      find studies relating to the four key areas. Two reviewers independently screened
      all study citations for inclusion. The lists of all retrieved studies were
      scanned for additional studies. Quality of studies was assessed and data were
      extracted by one reviewer then checked by the second. Data from included studies
      were summarised within each key area. For dichotomous data, relative risks were
      calculated with 95% confidence intervals. Pooled relative risks were calculated
      as appropriate. For continuous data, mean differences with 95% confidence
      intervals were calculated and, if data were pooled, weighted mean differences
      were calculated. Searches were carried out to identify economic evaluations,
      details of these together with a critical appraisal of quality are presented in
      structured tables. Quality was assessed using a checklist supplemented with
      additional comments on the adequacy of methodology where appropriate. RESULTS:
      For spinal fixation versus no fixation, 68 retrospective observational studies
      were found that suggested some benefits of fixation surgery. Only four studies
      were found on fixation surgery in SIUs compared with non-SIU hospitals and no
      significant differences were seen. All 28 studies concerning delayed referral to
      a SIU were retrospective observational studies. In most, study details were
      poorly reported and there was doubt over the comparability of groups at baseline
      and on confounding factors. Times of referral and transfer were not reported
      separately. Evidence suggested an effect in favour of the SIU group for
      neurological improvement. No relevant published studies of any design were found
      regarding how many people with a new SCI are discharged from hospital without
      ever being transferred to an SIU. Two systematic reviews were found that assessed
      the effectiveness of steroids. No studies were identified that considered both
      costs and the impact on patient outcomes of a given intervention. CONCLUSIONS:
      Although there was evidence to suggest some benefits of fixation surgery and also
      a benefit of immediate referral to SIUs compared with delayed or no referral,
      owing to the limitations of the data these should be interpreted with caution.
      Not enough data were found to assess whether surgery is more beneficial when
      carried out in SIUs and further research is required in this area. Well-designed
      prospective observational studies with appropriately matched controls are needed.
      High-dose methylprednisolone steroid therapy may be effective in promoting some
      degree of neurological recovery if given within 8 hours of injury. There is a
      need for more randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of pharmacological therapy for
      acute SCI. No published studies of any design were found to answer the question
      of how many people with acute SCI are discharged from hospital without ever being
      transferred to an SIU. Primary research involving audit of selected hospital
      records should be commissioned and published. The search strategy did not
      identify any full economic evaluations. Future research should include full
      economic evaluations, possibly alongside a large RCT, which fully consider the
      costs and consequences of implementing interventions.

PMID- 13678551
TI  - Towards efficient guidelines: how to monitor guideline use in primary care.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To develop a model for using routine data monitoring in the
      evaluation of clinical guideline usage in primary healthcare settings. DESIGN: A
      monitoring framework was developed following a number of semistructured
      interviews with potential users. These data informed a postal survey among a
      random sample of primary healthcare professionals. Then to test out the
      framework, a further semistructured interview study was used to explore the
      practical issues relating to monitoring guideline use. Case studies were then
      undertaken to investigate the use of evidence-based review criteria and patient
      centred outcome measures as methods for providing monitoring information. A case
      study in one general practice used interviews to examine the possible costs
      associated with guideline-use monitoring. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Interviews
      were undertaken with primary care professionals from one local health community.
      The postal survey was undertaken among staff from a purposive sample of Health
      Authorities in England and a random sample of general practitioners and practice
      nurses from the selected Health Authority areas. The second phase involved
      interviews with Health Authority, Primary Care Group and general practice staff
      from three Health Authority areas. Case studies were undertaken in volunteer
      general practices and among patients who consented to provide confidential health
      outcome information. RESULTS: Interviewees recognised some value in guideline-use
      monitoring, however they were concerned about the practicalities from two
      perspectives. First, although primary care computing systems were to be found in
      most general practices, the technology for monitoring was absent in many
      practices. Training in these skills would be required before monitoring of
      guideline use could be a practical reality. Second, there were clear signals of a
      more general lack of interest or awareness in the subject of continuous review of
      care. This, together with a feeling of being overloaded with new initiatives,
      meant that implementation of a monitoring framework could be problematic and
      might need considerable support in order to make progress. CONCLUSIONS: Effective
      methods can be developed for monitoring guideline use in primary care. However
      there is a need to address the degree of understanding that many primary
      healthcare professionals have of the concepts and practical issues in the area of
      guideline-use monitoring, and of expectations of this within the NHS. In addition
      there are a number of technical issues concerned with efficient capture of
      clinical information and its evaluation. Further research is recommended in the
      following areas: the extent to which patient concordance with the guideline
      recommendations be taken into account in the assessment of clinician conformance
      with guideline recommendations; the costs and benefits to patient care of
      guideline-use monitoring; the most efficient methods of developing valid and
      reliable review criteria which are policy and evidence (guidelines) based;
      whether review criteria are more useful than guidelines in improving quality of
      care; what additional benefits to patient care can offered by monitoring patient
      centred health outcomes in addition to process of care, and at what cost?

PMID- 13678552
TI  - Acupuncture for substance abuse.
AB  - Acupuncture, in the form of insertion of needles bilaterally in the outer ears,
      is widely used for the treatment of addiction in the US. However, support for
      this form of treatment from controlled studies has not been consistent. This
      article examines recent clinical trials of acupuncture for addiction treatment,
      with a goal of conveying to the reader some of the complex issues involved in
      conducting studies in this area. Acupuncture trials in addictions frequently have
      been conducted without preliminary dose-ranging studies to establish efficacious
      doses of the experimental treatment, use needle insertion controls of unknown
      degrees of activity, and present no rationale for the type or intensity of
      concurrently offered psychotherapy. At the present time, it is premature to put
      forth recommendations for or against acupuncture for the treatment of addiction
      based on evidence from extant studies.

PMID- 13678553
TI  - Pharmacotherapy for schizophrenia and co-occurring substance use disorders.
AB  - Research on the optimal pharmacotherapy for people with schizophrenia and co
      occurring substance use disorders remains in its infancy. This report reviews
      existing data and provides an update on recent research. The confluence of
      findings is consistent with a model of a reward dysfunction inherent in the
      neuropathology of schizophrenia, leading to a heightened vulnerability of people
      with schizophrenia to substance use disorders. Studies indicate that patients
      with dual disorders have difficulty tolerating conventional antipsychotics, have
      higher rates of medication nonadherence, and have greater impulsivity and
      sensation seeking. Limited evidence suggests that clozapine treatment may be
      associated with reduced substance abuse, with weaker evidence suggesting that
      other novel antipsychotics may have similar, but potentially less potent,
      effects. Controlled trials to test the effects of these medications are underway.
      A number of recent studies indicate that bupropion can facilitate reduced tobacco
      smoking among patients with schizophrenia. The preferential use of novel
      antipsychotics, a lower threshold for prescription of clozapine, the use of
      bupropion for smoking cessation, careful monitoring of compliance, and possible
      use of other medications for substance use disorders when indicated are
      recommended in pharmacologic management for people with co-occurring substance
      use disorders and schizophrenia.

PMID- 13678554
TI  - Hallucinogens: an update.
AB  - Research of hallucinogen abuse rarely extends beyond epidemiology and observed
      pathology. Even less research has been completed on the special circumstances
      surrounding the religious use of hallucinogens or on potential therapeutic
      applications. Rather than offer another basic review on the well-known hazards of
      illicit hallucinogen use, this paper provides an overview and practice
      recommendations on compounds the clinician may be less familiar with, such as the
      botanical plant Salvia divinorum, the drug 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine
      ("ecstasy") and synthetic hallucinogen analogs. The often-warned, but rarely
      occurring, hazard of hallucinogen persisting perception disorder ("flashbacks")
      is also reviewed with treatment recommendations provided. The current status of
      clinical research with the hallucinogens is presented, with case vignettes
      suggesting hallucinogens may have anti-addictive applications. The special
      circumstances surrounding the religious, nondrug use of hallucinogens as sacred
      sacraments in the US and elsewhere are also presented. It is hoped that the
      reader will gain a more nuanced understanding of how these physiologically
      nonaddictive drugs may offer legitimate benefits in modern society. By
      appreciating that such benefits may one day be borne out by careful,
      methodologically sound research, clinicians should be better armed in raising the
      topic of hallucinogen use and abuse with their patients.

PMID- 13678555
TI  - Neuroimaging in drug abuse.
AB  - Neuroimaging techniques, including positron emission tomography (PET), are
      ideally suited for studies of addiction. These minimally invasive modalities
      yield information about acute and long-term drug-induced structural and
      functional changes in the brain over time. Changes can be observed in the brains
      of human and animal subjects during drug self-administration. Neuroimaging with
      PET allows precise quantification and visualization of the drug and its rates of
      movement in the body. In addition, imaging reveals recovery of function and
      reappearance of neuronal markers in abstinent drug users. Evidence that suggests
      that PET may have use in identifying individuals predisposed to become addicted
      is emerging. Finally, candidate pharmacotherapies for drug addiction can be
      critically evaluated. These unique assets clearly point to the use of these
      strategies for addiction studies.

PMID- 13678556
TI  - Psychosocial treatments for cocaine dependence.
AB  - Psychosocial treatment remains the predominant modality of treatment for patients
      with cocaine dependence. This paper reviews several recent studies comparing
      different types of psychosocial treatments for this population. A number of forms
      of psychosocial treatment for cocaine dependence have shown promising results, as
      detailed in the study descriptions.

PMID- 13678557
TI  - The safety and efficacy of modafinil in multiple sclerosis-related fatigue.

PMID- 13678558
TI  - The efficacy of donepezil in schizophrenic cognitive deficits.

PMID- 13678559
TI  - Neuroimaging and neurocircuitry in post-traumatic stress disorder: what is
      currently known?
AB  - Neurobiologic, psychologic, and social factors interact jointly to create and
      perpetuate the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The fear
      conditioning paradigm in animal research helped researchers gather preclinical
      evidence for the possible contribution of several brain areas to PTSD symptoms.
      In the past 10 years, highly sophisticated neuroimaging techniques made it
      possible for researchers to look at the brain of patients with PTSD and draw
      conclusions about the neurocircuitry underlying PTSD symptoms. In this article,
      the author will review the evidence from neuroimaging studies for the involvement
      of the following brain areas in PTSD neurocircuitry: the amygdala, the anterior
      cingulate cortex and subcallosal gyrus, the inferior frontal gyrus, the posterior
      cingulate cortex, and the hippocampus. Neuroimaging studies have shown these
      areas as altered in structure or function in patients with PTSD. The author also
      presents the normal functions that these areas subserve and, whenever possible
      based on the evidence, infer how their dysfunction may contribute importantly to
      the symptomatology of PTSD.

PMID- 13678560
TI  - Cognitive and neuropsychiatric aspects of subclinical hypothyroidism:
      significance in the elderly.
AB  - The effects of overt hypothyroidism (HO) on cognition and mood are well
      established, and HO is considered a common cause of reversible dementia. There is
      now increasing evidence to suggest that subclinical hypothyroidism (ie, elevated
      thyroid stimulating hormone in the presence of normal thyroxine concentrations)
      may be a predisposing factor for depression, cognitive impairment, and dementia.
      Subclinical hypothyroidism is more common than HO and is most prevalent in the
      elderly, particularly in women. Older adults may be more vulnerable to the
      effects of subclinical hypothyroidism, given age-related changes to the
      hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, and there is an association between thyroid
      status and cognitive decline and dementia in the elderly. The purpose of this
      review is to summarize existing data on the cognitive and neuropsychiatric
      consequences of subclinical hypothyroidism, benefits of treatment, and
      recommendations for screening and monitoring in older adults.

PMID- 13678561
TI  - The cholinergic hypothesis of cognitive impairment caused by traumatic brain
      injury.
AB  - Cognitive impairments are among the most common neuropsychiatric sequelae of
      traumatic brain injury at all levels of severity. Cerebral cholinergic neurons
      and their ascending projections are particularly vulnerable to acute and chronic
      traumatically mediated dysfunction. In light of the important role of
      acetylcholine in arousal, attention, memory, and other aspects of cognition,
      cerebral cholinergic systems contribute to and may also be a target for
      pharmacologic remediation among individuals with post-traumatic cognitive
      impairments. This article will review the evidence in support of this hypothesis.
      Evidence of relatively selective damage to cholinergic injury, the development of
      persistent anticholinergic sensitivity, and the effects of cholinergic
      augmentation on memory performance are presented first. Thereafter,
      neuropathologic, electrophysiologic, and pharmacologic evidence of cholinergic
      dysfunction after traumatic brain injury in humans is reviewed. Finally, future
      directions for investigation of the cholinergic hypothesis and possible clinical
      applications of this information are discussed.

PMID- 13678562
TI  - Genetic polymorphisms in the expression and treatment of neuropsychiatric
      disorders.
AB  - Recent advances in molecular genetics have greatly increased the understanding of
      the pathophysiology of certain neurobehavioral disorders and the core symptoms of
      these disorders. This paper reviews key concepts important in understanding the
      genetics of neuropsychiatric disorders, and gives an overview of several
      different types of genetic disorders, including trinucleotide repeat disorders,
      and functional polymorphisms of monoamine neurotransmitter systems.

PMID- 13678564
TI  - Effect of treatment with low doses of hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone on
      mortality in patients with septic shock.

PMID- 13678563
TI  - Complex partial seizures and depression.
AB  - A long-recognized association exists between epilepsy and affective disturbance,
      especially depression. People with complex partial seizures that result from
      temporal lobe seizure foci are highly vulnerable to psychiatric disorders.
      Accurate diagnosis of such disorders is an important key to treatment. Interictal
      depression or dysphoria is the most clinically significant problem of this type.
      Pharmacotherapeutic treatments that have positive effects in other types of
      depressive illness are also effective for depression associated with epilepsy.
      Electroconvulsive therapy is helpful to some patients with depression that is
      refractory to drug treatment or psychotherapy. Surgical resection of seizure foci
      may lead to psychiatric improvement for some individuals, but can also have
      psychiatric complications.

PMID- 13678565
TI  - Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Sepsis.
AB  - Sepsis is an increasingly common problem, particularly among critically ill
      patients. Mechanisms by which sepsis induces organ dysfunction have not been
      elucidated. The coexisting findings (unique to sepsis) of metabolic acidosis yet
      increased tissue oxygen tensions suggest cellular availability but decreased use
      of oxygen (tissue dysoxia). Because mitochondria use more than 90% of total body
      oxygen consumption for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation, a bioenergetic
      abnormality is implied. Cell and animal data have shown that nitric oxide (and
      its metabolites), produced in considerable excess in patients with sepsis, can
      affect oxidative phosphorylation by inhibiting several of its component
      respiratory enzymes. Human data are scarce. However, in skeletal muscle biopsies
      taken from patients with sepsis, we have recently demonstrated a relationship
      between increased nitric oxide production, antioxidant depletion, reduced
      respiratory chain complex I activity, and low ATP levels. These findings
      correlated with severity of disease and outcome and support the notion that
      mitochondrial dysfunction resulting in bioenergetic failure may be an important
      factor in the pathophysiology of sepsis-associated multiorgan failure. However, a
      reasonable argument can be made that the reduction in energy supply could
      represent a last-ditch adaptive response to ongoing inflammation, resulting in a
      cellular shutdown analogous to hibernation that allows eventual restoration of
      organ function and long-term survival in patients fit enough to survive the acute
      phase.

PMID- 13678566
TI  - Can Enterococcal Infections Initiate Sepsis Syndrome?
AB  - Enterococci are the third most common nosocomial bloodstream pathogen and
      frequently are the causative pathogen(s) of intra-abdominal, genitourinary,
      surgical wound, endovascular, or other serious infections. In addition to a
      diverse spectrum of intrinsic and acquired antimicrobial resistance mechanisms,
      some strains of enterococci exhibit numerous virulence factors that facilitate
      mucosal adherence, tissue invasiveness, endovascular attachment, and inflammation
      production. However, the opportunistic nature of enterococcal infection coupled
      with animal models of experimental enterococcal and mixed infection have caused
      many to question the independent capacity of this organism to incite severe
      sepsis or septic shock. Despite evidence suggesting that this organism possesses
      low intrinsic virulence, observational and interventional trials of enterococcal
      bacteremia and sepsis strongly support the notion that Enterococcus is capable of
      promulgating sepsis as a solitary or copathogen with more serious sequelae in the
      immunocompromised hosts. Monomicrobial enterococcal bacteremia appears to be
      increasing during the glycopeptide-resistant era, which bolsters the notion that
      pure enterococcal sepsis is a real entity.

PMID- 13678567
TI  - Group A Streptococcal Sepsis.
AB  - The fulminant nature of group A streptococcal sepsis poses impressive challenges
      from diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives. Most patients are seen early in the
      course of infection by primary care providers or emergency department physicians
      and sent home, only to return in 12 to 24 hours with fully developed group A
      streptococcal sepsis. Early diagnosis is imperative, but the clinician must have
      a high index of suspicion. Often, the diagnosis is established only after
      aggressive interventional management has begun. This review emphasizes salient
      clinical features and provides general recommendations for critical care
      management.

PMID- 13678568
TI  - Are Respiratory Quinolones Useful for the Treatment of Skin and Soft Tissue
      Infections?

PMID- 13678569
TI  - Infections in Diabetic Foot Ulcerations.
AB  - Diabetic foot complications are the largest nontraumatic cause of lower extremity
      amputations, accounting for almost 90,000 amputations per year. Most of these
      amputations are the result of infections caused by ulcerations of the foot that
      are not recognized or treated in an appropriate and timely fashion. Often,
      cultures are taken when not warranted and antibiotics are administered when no
      infection is present, causing significant increases in resistant organisms.
      Although there have been many attempts to classify diabetic foot lesions, none of
      these systems are specific for infectious complications. This paper presents a
      system for identifying the presence and severity of infection with suggestions
      for appropriate empiric antibiotic therapy.

PMID- 13678570
TI  - Cutaneous Manifestations of Waterborne Infections.
AB  - Although waterborne pathogens are relatively uncommon causes of cutaneous
      infections, these agents are being recognized with increasing frequency. Humans
      are exposed to water through a variety of recreational and occupational
      activities. Poor sanitary conditions in developing nations place the human
      populations at constant risk. Some aquatically acquired skin infections respond
      well to therapy, whereas other diseases do not require a specific treatment.
      However, many of these infections are rare, and effective therapy has not been
      defined. Gram-negative bacilli constitute the largest group of aquatic pathogens
      that cause skin infections. Other agents include mycobacteria, fungi, viruses,
      and amoeba and other parasites. Toxins from aquatic animals and parasites are
      associated with cutaneous diseases. Because waterborne skin infections, which are
      caused by a wide variety of pathogens, occur infrequently, most of the literature
      on the topic are case reports. This paper reviews the aquatic pathogens
      associated with cutaneous infections in humans and the available treatments.

PMID- 13678571
TI  - Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections.
AB  - Necrotizing soft tissue infections are characterized by necrosis of skin and
      associated structures. Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of these
      infections, the mortality remains high. There have been increasing reports of
      necrotizing fasciitis caused by group A Streptococcus over the past decade.
      Recent information supports the role of superantigens in the pathogenesis of this
      infection. The approach to management requires expeditious evaluation with early
      surgery and appropriate antimicrobial agents. Limited data suggest that surgical
      debridement may be delayed in selected patients until the patient is stable by
      the use of intravenous immunoglobulin, which can neutralize superantigens.

PMID- 13678572
TI  - Bite Wound Infections.
AB  - Patients with mammalian bite wounds account for hundreds of thousands of
      emergency department, urgent care center, and physician office visits in the
      United States each year. The types of wounds encountered by physicians range from
      insignificant scratches to life-threatening neck and facial injuries. Infectious
      complications of bite wounds are common, and the consequences of these infections
      are significant and sometimes disabling. This article reviews the infectious
      complications of cat, dog, and human bite wounds. The prevention of tetanus and
      rabies virus infection, the appropriate antimicrobial treatment of bacterial
      infections, and the frequent need for surgical consultation and intervention are
      emphasized.

PMID- 13678573
TI  - Antiretroviral Therapy-associated Serious and Life-threatening Toxicities.
AB  - In the late 1980s and early 1990s, when HIV/AIDS had become the leading cause of
      death in 25- to 44-year-old persons in the United States, it was acceptable to
      prescribe newer antiretroviral therapy such as zidovudine, which has significant
      bone marrow toxicities but can potentially improve patient survival. Although
      current antiretroviral therapy is not likely to eradicate HIV-1 infection, the
      advances in the use of combination antiretroviral therapy (including protease
      inhibitors and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors) have dramatically
      improved the overall survival, immune status, and productivity of HIV-infected
      individuals in developed countries. Instead of prevention and treatment of HIV
      associated complications, many of the patients" clinic visits are focused on
      finding strategies to manage and prevent antiretroviral therapy-associated
      complications. Because only a few HIV-infected persons fulfilling stringent
      inclusion criteria were included in premarketing clinical trials and because the
      US Food and Drug Administration"s (FDA) accelerated approval process for
      antiretroviral therapy requires only 24-week safety and efficacy data, newly
      emerging and previously unrecognized adverse effects of antiretroviral therapy
      continue to surface when these drugs are administered to a larger patient
      population for a longer duration. Unfortunately, some of these adverse effects
      can be unpredictable and serious, and, if not recognized early and managed
      aggressively, can lead to fatality. This article reviews four of the most
      serious, life-threatening toxicities associated with antiretroviral therapy.

PMID- 13678575
TI  - Aurora A and mitotic commitment.
AB  - A remarkable study published in this issue of Cell reveals a key role of Aurora A
      protein kinase in G2/M progression. To achieve this role, Aurora A acts in
      conjunction with the LIM protein Ajuba, which functions as an activating factor.

PMID- 13678574
TI  - Recent Insights into HIV Accessory Proteins.
AB  - HIV produces structural, regulatory, and accessory proteins during viral
      replication in host cells. The accessory proteins include Nef, viral infectivity
      factor (Vif), viral protein R, and viral protein U or viral protein X. Although
      these accessory proteins are generally dispensable for viral replication in
      vitro, they are essential for viral pathogenesis in vivo. Consequently, there has
      been much interest in understanding how these accessory proteins function because
      this research may yield new antiviral targets to curb HIV pathogenesis in vivo.
      Therefore, this review highlights recent advances in understanding the HIV
      accessory proteins and emphasizes breakthrough insights into the elusive Vif
      protein and potential new targets for therapeutic intervention.

PMID- 13678576
TI  - Dynamic release of Cdc34 from SCF. the hand that rocks the cradle.
AB  - Polyubiquitylation is a complex but poorly understood biochemical reaction
      catalyzed by E3 ubiquitin ligases. In this issue of Cell, Deffenbaugh et al.
      provide experimental support for a model in which the dynamic release of the
      ubiquitin-charged E2 Cdc34 from its primary binding site within the rigid cradle
      like SCF E3 complex allows for unexpected spatial flexibility to assemble a
      polyubiquitin chain.

PMID- 13678577
TI  - Secrets of a secretase: N-cadherin proteolysis regulates CBP function.
AB  - Presenilin (PS-1) is part of the protease gamma-secretase that cleaves the
      membrane proteins APP and Notch. In this issue of Cell, Marambaud et al. report
      that PS-1 cleaves the cell adhesion molecule N-cadherin, releasing a C-terminal
      fragment that promotes degradation of the transcriptional coactivator CBP.
      Mutations in PS-1 associated with Alzheimer's disease interfere with CBP
      proteolysis, leading to abnormal transcription.

PMID- 13678578
TI  - Cryptochromes: enabling plants and animals to determine circadian time.
AB  - Cryptochromes are flavin-containing blue light photoreceptors related to
      photolyases-they are found in both plants and animals and have recently been
      described for bacteria. In plants, cryptochromes perform a variety of functions
      including the entrainment of circadian rhythms. They serve a similar role in
      Drosophila and mammals, where the cryptochromes also perform an additional
      function as an essential component of the circadian clock.

PMID- 13678579
TI  - Zic2 patterns binocular vision by specifying the uncrossed retinal projection.
AB  - During CNS development, combinatorial expression of transcription factors
      controls neuronal subtype identity and subsequent axonal trajectory. Regulatory
      genes designating the routing of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons at the optic
      chiasm to the appropriate hemisphere, a pattern critical for proper binocular
      vision, have not been identified. Here, we show that the zinc finger
      transcription factor Zic2, a vertebrate homolog of the Drosophila gene odd
      paired, is expressed in RGCs with an uncrossed trajectory during the period when
      this subpopulation grows from the ventrotemporal retina toward the optic chiasm.
      Loss- and gain-of-function analyses indicate that Zic2 is necessary and
      sufficient to regulate RGC axon repulsion by cues at the optic chiasm midline.
      Moreover, Zic2 expression reflects the extent of binocularity in different
      species, suggesting that Zic2 is an evolutionarily conserved determinant of RGCs
      that project ipsilaterally. These data provide evidence for transcriptional
      coding of axon pathfinding at the midline.

PMID- 13678580
TI  - Inositol pyrophosphates mediate chemotaxis in Dictyostelium via pleckstrin
      homology domain-PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 interactions.
AB  - Inositol phosphates are well-known signaling molecules, whereas the inositol
      pyrophosphates, such as diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate (InsP7/IP7) and bis
      diphosphoinositol tetrakisphosphate (InsP8/IP8), are less well characterized. We
      demonstrate physiologic regulation of Dictyostelium chemotaxis by InsP7 mediated
      by its competition with PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 for binding pleckstrin homology (PH)
      domain-containing proteins. Chemoattractant stimulation triggers rapid and
      sustained elevations in InsP7/InsP8 levels. Depletion of InsP7 and InsP8 by
      deleting the gene for InsP6 kinase (InsP6K/IP6K), which converts inositol
      hexakisphosphate (InsP6/IP6) to InsP7, causes rapid aggregation of mutant cells
      and increased sensitivity to cAMP. Chemotaxis is mediated by membrane
      translocation of certain PH domain-containing proteins via specific binding to
      PtdIns(3,4,5)P3. InsP7 competes for PH domain binding with PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 both
      in vitro and in vivo. InsP7 depletion enhances PH domain membrane translocation
      and augments downstream chemotactic signaling activity.

PMID- 13678581
TI  - Visualization of the target-membrane-inserted fusion protein of Semliki Forest
      virus by combined electron microscopy and crystallography.
AB  - Semliki Forest virus enters cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis. The acidic
      environment of the endosome triggers a membrane fusion reaction that is mediated
      by the E1 glycoprotein. During fusion, E1 rearranges from an E1/E2 heterodimer to
      a highly stable, membrane-inserted E1 homotrimer (E1HT). In this study, we
      analyzed E1HT by a combination of electron cryomicroscopy, electron
      crystallography of negatively stained 2D crystals, and fitting of the available X
      ray structure of the monomeric E1 ectodomain into the resulting 3D
      reconstruction. The visualized E1HT reveals that the ectodomain has reoriented
      vertically and inserted the distal tip of domain II into the lipid bilayer. Our
      data allow the visualization of a viral fusion protein inserted in its target
      membrane and demonstrate that insertion is a cooperative process, resulting in
      rings composed of five to six homotrimers.

PMID- 13678582
TI  - Aurora-A and an interacting activator, the LIM protein Ajuba, are required for
      mitotic commitment in human cells.
AB  - Aurora family kinases contribute to regulation of mitosis. Using RNA interference
      in synchronized HeLa cells, we now show that Aurora-A is required for mitotic
      entry. We found that initial activation of Aurora-A in late G2 phase of the cell
      cycle is essential for recruitment of the cyclin B1-Cdk1 complex to centrosomes,
      where it becomes activated and commits cells to mitosis. A two-hybrid screen
      identified the LIM protein Ajuba as an Aurora-A binding protein. Ajuba and Aurora
      A interact in mitotic cells and become phosphorylated as they do so. In vitro
      analyses revealed that Ajuba induces the autophosphorylation and consequent
      activation of Aurora-A. Depletion of Ajuba prevented activation of Aurora-A at
      centrosomes in late G2 phase and inhibited mitotic entry. Overall, our data
      suggest that Ajuba is an essential activator of Aurora-A in mitotic commitment.

PMID- 13678583
TI  - UV irradiation triggers ubiquitin-dependent degradation of p21(WAF1) to promote
      DNA repair.
AB  - p53-mediated increase in cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(WAF1) protein is
      thought to be the major mediator of cell cycle arrest after DNA damage.
      Previously p21 protein levels have been reported to increase or to decrease after
      UV irradiation. We show that p21 protein is degraded after irradiation of a
      variety of cell types with low but not high doses of UV. Cell cycle arrest occurs
      despite p21 degradation via Tyr(15) inhibitory phosphorylation of cdk2 and
      differs from the classical p21-dependent checkpoint elicited by ionizing
      radiation. In contrast to the basal turnover of p21, degradation of p21 switches
      to ubiquitin/Skp2-dependent proteasome pathway following UV irradiation. ATR
      activation after UV irradiation is essential for signaling p21 degradation.
      Finally, UV-induced p21 degradation is essential for optimal DNA repair. These
      results provide novel insight into regulation of p21 protein and its role in the
      cellular response to DNA damage.

PMID- 13678584
TI  - Release of ubiquitin-charged Cdc34-S - Ub from the RING domain is essential for
      ubiquitination of the SCF(Cdc4)-bound substrate Sic1.
AB  - The S. cerevisiae SCF(Cdc4) is a prototype of RING-type SCF E3s, which recruit
      substrates for polyubiquitination by the Cdc34 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme.
      Current models propose that Cdc34 ubiquitinates the substrate while remaining
      bound to the RING domain. In contrast, we found that the formation of a ubiquitin
      thiol ester regulates the Cdc34/SCF(Cdc4) binding equilibrium by increasing the
      dissociation rate constant, with only a minor effect on the association rate. By
      using a F72VCdc34 mutant with increased affinity for the RING domain, we
      demonstrate that release of ubiquitin-charged Cdc34-S - Ub from the RING is
      essential for ubiquitination of the SCF(Cdc4)-bound substrate Sic1. Release of
      ubiquitin-charged E2 from E3 prior to ubiquitin transfer is a previously
      unrecognized step in ubiquitination, which can explain both the modification of
      multiple lysines on the recruited substrate and the extension of polyubiquitin
      chains. We discuss implications of this finding for function of other ubiquitin
      ligases.

PMID- 13678585
TI  - RraA. a protein inhibitor of RNase E activity that globally modulates RNA
      abundance in E. coli.
AB  - Ribonuclease E (RNase E) has a key role in mRNA degradation and the processing of
      catalytic and structural RNAs in E. coli. We report the discovery of an
      evolutionarily conserved 17.4 kDa protein, here named RraA (regulator of
      ribonuclease activity A) that binds to RNase E and inhibits RNase E
      endonucleolytic cleavages without altering cleavage site specificity or
      interacting detectably with substrate RNAs. Overexpression of RraA circumvents
      the effects of an autoregulatory mechanism that normally maintains the RNase E
      cellular level within a narrow range, resulting in the genome-wide accumulation
      of RNase E-targeted transcripts. While not required for RraA action, the C
      terminal RNase E region that serves as a scaffold for formation of a multiprotein
      degradosome complex modulates the inhibition of RNase E catalytic activity by
      RraA. Our results reveal a possible mechanism for the dynamic regulation of RNA
      decay and processing by inhibitory RNase binding proteins.

PMID- 13678587
TI  - A molecular throttle: the recombination hotspot chi controls DNA translocation by
      the RecBCD helicase.
AB  - RecBCD enzyme is a heterotrimeric helicase/nuclease that initiates homologous
      recombination at double-stranded DNA breaks. Several of its activities are
      regulated by the DNA sequence chi (5'-GCTGGTGG-3'), which is recognized in cis by
      the translocating enzyme. When RecBCD enzyme encounters chi, the intensity and
      polarity of its nuclease activity are changed, and the enzyme gains the ability
      to load RecA protein onto the chi-containing, unwound single-stranded DNA. Here,
      we show that interaction with chi also affects translocation by RecBCD enzyme. By
      observing translocation of individual enzymes along single molecules of DNA, we
      could see RecBCD enzyme pause precisely at chi. Furthermore, and more
      unexpectedly, after pausing at chi, the enzyme continues translocating but at
      approximately one-half the initial rate. We propose that interaction with chi
      results in an enzyme in which one of the two motor subunits, likely the RecD
      motor, is uncoupled from the holoenzyme to produce the slower translocase.

PMID- 13678586
TI  - A CBP binding transcriptional repressor produced by the PS1/epsilon-cleavage of N
      cadherin is inhibited by PS1 FAD mutations.
AB  - Presenilin1 (PS1), a protein implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD), forms
      complexes with N-cadherin, a transmembrane protein with important neuronal and
      synaptic functions. Here, we show that a PS1-dependent gamma-secretase protease
      activity promotes an epsilon-like cleavage of N-cadherin to produce its
      intracellular domain peptide, N-Cad/CTF2. NMDA receptor agonists stimulate N
      Cad/CTF2 production suggesting that this receptor regulates the epsilon-cleavage
      of N-cadherin. N-Cad/CTF2 binds the transcription factor CBP and promotes its
      proteasomal degradation, inhibiting CRE-dependent transactivation. Thus, the PS1
      dependent epsilon-cleavage product N-Cad/CTF2 functions as a potent repressor of
      CBP/CREB-mediated transcription. Importantly, PS1 mutations associated with
      familial AD (FAD) and a gamma-secretase dominant-negative mutation inhibit N
      Cad/CTF2 production and upregulate CREB-mediated transcription indicating that
      FAD mutations cause a gain of transcriptional function by inhibiting production
      of transcriptional repressor N-Cad/CTF2. These data raise the possibility that
      FAD mutation-induced transcriptional abnormalities maybe causally related to the
      dementia associated with FAD.

PMID- 13678588
TI  - Eph/Ephrin signaling regulates the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition of the
      paraxial mesoderm during somite morphogenesis.
AB  - BACKGROUND: During somitogenesis, segmental patterns of gene activity provide the
      instructions by which mesenchymal cells epithelialize and form somites. Various
      members of the Eph family of transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinases and their
      Ephrin ligands are expressed in a segmental pattern in the rostral presomitic
      mesoderm. This pattern establishes a receptor/ligand interface at each site of
      somite furrow formation. In the fused somites (fss/tbx24) mutant, lack of
      intersomitic boundaries and epithelial somites is accompanied by a lack of Eph
      receptor/Ephrin signaling interfaces. These observations suggest a role for
      Eph/Ephrin signaling in the regulation of somite epithelialization. RESULTS: We
      show that restoration of Eph/Ephrin signaling in the paraxial mesoderm of fss
      mutants rescues most aspects of somite morphogenesis. First, restoration of
      bidirectional or unidirectional EphA4/Ephrin signaling results in the formation
      and maintenance of morphologically distinct boundaries. Second, activation of
      EphA4 leads to the cell-autonomous acquisition of a columnar morphology and
      apical redistribution of beta-catenin, aspects of epithelialization
      characteristic of cells at somite boundaries. Third, activation of EphA4 leads to
      nonautonomous acquisition of columnar morphology and polarized relocalization of
      the centrosome and nucleus in cells on the opposite side of the forming boundary.
      These nonautonomous aspects of epithelialization may involve interplay of EphA4
      with other intercellular signaling molecules. CONCLUSIONS: Our results
      demonstrate that Eph/Ephrin signaling is an important component of the molecular
      mechanisms driving somite morphogenesis. We propose a new role for Eph receptors
      and Ephrins as intercellular signaling molecules that establish cell polarity
      during mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition of the paraxial mesoderm.

PMID- 13678589
TI  - Elg1 forms an alternative PCNA-interacting RFC complex required to maintain
      genome stability.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Genome instability is a hallmark of cancer and plays a critical role
      in generating the myriad of phenotypes selected for during tumor progression.
      However, the mechanisms that prevent genome rearrangements remain poorly
      understood. RESULTS: To elucidate the mechanisms that ensure genome stability, we
      screened a collection of candidate genes for suppressors of gross chromosomal
      rearrangements (GCRs) in budding yeast. One potent suppressor gene encodes Elg1,
      a conserved but uncharacterized homolog of the large RFC subunit Rfc1 and the
      alternative RFC subunits Ctf18/Chl12 and Rad24. Our results are consistent with
      the hypothesis that Elg1 forms a novel and distinct RFC-like complex in both
      yeast and human cells. We find that Elg1 is required for efficient S phase
      progression and telomere homeostasis in yeast. Elg1 interacts physically with the
      PCNA homolog Pol30 and the FEN-1 homolog Rad27. The physical and genetic
      interactions suggest a role for Elg1 in Okazaki fragment maturation. Furthermore,
      Elg1 acts in concert with the alternative Rfc1-like proteins Rad24 and Ctf18 to
      enable Rad53 checkpoint kinase activation in response to replication stress.
      CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, these results reveal that Elg1 forms a novel and
      conserved alternative RFC complex. Furthermore, we propose that genome
      instability arises at high frequency in elg1 mutants due to a defect in Okazaki
      fragment maturation.

PMID- 13678590
TI  - Metaphase I arrest upon activation of the Mad2-dependent spindle checkpoint in
      mouse oocytes.
AB  - BACKGROUND: The importance of mitotic spindle checkpoint control has been well
      established during somatic cell divisions. The metaphase-to-anaphase transition
      takes place only when all sister chromatids have been properly attached to the
      bipolar spindle and are aligned at the metaphase plate. Failure of this
      checkpoint may lead to unequal separation of sister chromatids. On the contrary,
      the existence of such a checkpoint during the first meiotic division in mammalian
      oocytes when homologous chromosomes are segregated has remained controversial.
      RESULTS: Here, we show that mouse oocytes respond to spindle damage by a
      transient and reversible cell cycle arrest in metaphase I with high Maturation
      Promoting Factor (MPF) activity. Furthermore, the mitotic checkpoint protein Mad2
      is present throughout meiotic maturation and is recruited to unattached
      kinetochores. Overexpression of Mad2 in meiosis I leads to a cell cycle arrest in
      metaphase I. Expression of a dominant-negative Mad2 protein interferes with
      proper spindle checkpoint arrest. CONCLUSIONS: Errors in meiosis I cause
      missegregation of chromosomes and can result in the generation of aneuploid
      embryos with severe birth defects. In human oocytes, failures in spindle
      checkpoint control may be responsible for the generation of trisomies (e.g., Down
      Syndrome) due to chromosome missegregation in meiosis I. Up to now, the
      mechanisms ensuring correct separation of chromosomes in meiosis I remained
      unknown. Our study shows for the first time that a functional Mad2-dependent
      spindle checkpoint exists during the first meiotic division in mammalian oocytes.

PMID- 13678591
TI  - Reflexive social attention in monkeys and humans.
AB  - For humans, social cues often guide the focus of attention. Although many
      nonhuman primates, like humans, live in large, complex social groups, the extent
      to which human and nonhuman primates share fundamental mechanisms of social
      attention remains unexplored. Here, we show that, when viewing a rhesus macaque
      looking in a particular direction, both rhesus macaques and humans reflexively
      and covertly orient their attention in the same direction. Specifically, when
      performing a peripheral visual target detection task, viewing a monkey with
      either its eyes alone or with both its head and eyes averted to one side
      facilitated the detection of peripheral targets when they randomly appeared on
      the same side. Moreover, viewing images of a monkey with averted gaze evoked
      small but systematic shifts in eye position in the direction of gaze in the
      image. The similar magnitude and temporal dynamics of response facilitation and
      eye deviation in monkeys and humans suggest shared neural circuitry mediating
      social attention.

PMID- 13678592
TI  - Snapshot memories and landmark guidance in wood ants.
AB  - Insects are thought to pinpoint a place by using memorized "snapshots," i.e., two
      dimensional retinotopic views of the surrounding landmarks recorded when at the
      place (reviewed in ). Insects then reach the place by moving until their current
      view matches their snapshot. To determine when snapshots are recalled, and how
      differences between view and snapshot are translated into appropriate movements,
      we analyzed the approaches of wood ants to a feeding site that was located in the
      center of an array of two or three cylinders. In ants, contrary to flying
      hymenopterans, body orientation and direction of travel are collinear, so that an
      ant approaching an object always looks at it with frontal visual field. On their
      way to a food site, ants fixated and approached a cylinder predominantly when its
      angular size was smaller than when viewed from the food site. This finding
      implies that ants store snapshots at this place while fixating landmarks with
      frontal retina, so simplifying the later alignment of snapshots with their
      current view. It also means that ants recall snapshots well in advance of
      reaching the place. Although snapshots are centered on a landmark, we show that
      they extend at least 120 degrees into the periphery.

PMID- 13678593
TI  - Itk functions to control actin polymerization at the immune synapse through
      localized activation of Cdc42 and WASP.
AB  - Actin polymerization at the immune synapse is required for T cell activation and
      effector function; however, the relevant regulatory pathways remain poorly
      understood. We showed previously that binding to antigen presenting cells (APCs)
      induces localized activation of Cdc42 and Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome protein (WASP)
      at the immune synapse. Several lines of evidence suggest that Tec kinases could
      interact with WASP-dependent actin regulatory processes. Since T cells from Rlk-/
      , Itk-/-, and Rlk-/- x Itk-/- mice have defects in signaling and development, we
      asked whether Itk or Rlk function in actin polymerization at the immune synapse.
      We find that Itk-/- and Rlk-/- x Itk-/- T cells are defective in actin
      polymerization and conjugate formation in response to antigen-pulsed APCs. Itk
      functions downstream of the TCR, since similar defects were observed upon TCR
      engagement alone. Using conformation-specific probes, we show that although the
      recruitment of WASP and Arp2/3 complex to the immune synapse proceeds normally,
      the localized activation of Cdc42 and WASP is defective. Finally, we find that
      the defect in Cdc42 activation likely stems from a requirement for Itk in the
      recruitment of Vav to the immune synapse. Our results identify Itk as a key
      element of the pathway leading to localized actin polymerization at the immune
      synapse.

PMID- 13678594
TI  - Transcriptional activation of placental growth factor by the forkhead/winged
      helix transcription factor FoxD1.
AB  - Stromal-epithelial interactions play an important role in renal organogenesis.
      Expression of the forkhead/winged helix transcription factor FoxD1 (BF-2) is
      restricted to stromal cells in the embryonic renal cortex, but it mediates its
      effects on the adjacent ureteric bud and metanephric mesenchyme, which fail to
      grow and differentiate in BF-2 null mice. BF-2 is therefore likely to regulate
      transcription of factors secreted by stromal cells that modulate the
      differentiation of neighboring epithelial cells. Here, we used cells with
      inducible expression of BF-2, combined with microarray analysis, to identify
      Placental Growth Factor (PlGF), a Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)
      family member previously implicated in angiogenesis, as a downstream target of BF
      2. BF-2 binds to a conserved HNF3beta site in the PlGF promoter and activates
      transcription. PlGF is precisely coexpressed with BF-2, both temporally and
      spatially, within the developing renal stroma, and it is completely absent in BF
      2 null kidney stroma. Addition of PlGF to in vitro kidney organ cultures
      stimulates branching of the ureteric bud. Our observations indicate that PlGF is
      a direct and physiologically relevant transcriptional target of BF-2. The
      contribution of PlGF toward stromal signals that regulate epithelial
      differentiation suggests novel functions for a growth factor previously
      implicated in reactive angiogenesis.

PMID- 13678595
TI  - The role of the REPLUMLESS homeodomain protein in patterning the Arabidopsis
      fruit.
AB  - The outside of the Arabidopsis thaliana fruit consists of three principal
      tissues: the valves or seedpod walls, the replum or central ridge between the
      valves, and the valve margins where the valves separate from the replum to
      disperse the seeds. Previous studies have shown that valve margin formation is
      specified by the SHATTERPROOF MADS-box transcription factors and that valve
      development is controlled by the FRUITFULL MADS-box transcription factor.
      FRUITFULL negatively regulates SHATTERPROOF to prevent the valves from adopting a
      valve margin cell fate. Here we identify a gene called REPLUMLESS that is
      required for replum development. REPLUMLESS encodes a homeodomain protein that
      prevents replum cells from adopting a valve margin cell fate by negatively
      regulating expression of the SHATTERPROOF genes. Both REPLUMLESS and FRUITFULL
      are required to limit SHATTERPROOF expression to a narrow stripe of cells so that
      the valve margin differentiates precisely at the valve/replum boundary.

PMID- 13678596
TI  - Slow diffusion of proteins in the yeast plasma membrane allows polarity to be
      maintained by endocytic cycling.
AB  - Many cells show a polarized distribution of some plasma membrane proteins, which
      may be maintained either by a diffusion barrier or kinetically: as first
      demonstrated in fibroblasts, locally exocytosed proteins will remain polarized if
      they are endocytosed and recycled before they can diffuse to equilibrium. In
      yeast, actin cables direct exocytosis to the bud and to the tips of polarized
      mating intermediates termed shmoos. A septin ring at the bud neck retains some
      proteins, but shmoos lack this. Here, we show that the exocytic SNARE Snc1 is
      kinetically polarized. It is concentrated at bud and shmoo tips, and this
      requires its endocytosis. Kinetic polarization is possible in these small cells
      because proteins diffuse much more slowly in the yeast plasma membrane than would
      be expected from measurements in animal cells. Slow diffusion requires neither
      the cell wall nor polymerized actin, but it is affected in the ergosterol
      synthesis mutant erg6. Other proteins also require endocytosis for efficient
      polarization, and the plasma membrane SNARE Sso1 can be polarized merely by
      appending an endocytic signal. Thus, despite their small size, yeast cells can
      use localized exocytosis and endocytic recycling as a simple mechanism to
      maintain polarity.

PMID- 13678597
TI  - Chromosome-wide control of meiotic crossing over in C. elegans.
AB  - A central event in sexual reproduction is the reduction in chromosome number that
      occurs at the meiosis I division. Most eukaryotes rely on crossing over between
      homologs, and the resulting chiasmata, to direct meiosis I chromosome
      segregation, yet make very few crossovers per chromosome pair. This indicates
      that meiotic recombination must be tightly regulated to ensure that each
      chromosome pair enjoys the crossover necessary to ensure correct segregation.
      Here, we investigate control of meiotic crossing over in Caenorhabditis elegans,
      which averages only one crossover per chromosome pair per meiosis, by
      constructing genetic maps of end-to-end fusions of whole chromosomes. Fusion of
      chromosomes removes the requirement for a crossover in each component chromosome
      segment and thereby reveals a propensity to restrict the number of crossovers
      such that pairs of fusion chromosomes composed of two or even three whole
      chromosomes enjoy but a single crossover in the majority of meioses. This
      regulation can operate over physical distances encompassing half the genome. The
      meiotic behavior of heterozygous fusion chromosomes further suggests that
      continuous meiotic chromosome axes, or structures that depend on properly
      assembled axes, may be important for crossover regulation.

PMID- 13678598
TI  - Evolution of immunological memory and the regulation of competition between
      pathogens.
AB  - Memory is a central characteristic of immune responses. It is defined as an
      elevated number of specific immune cells that remain after resolution of
      infection and can protect the host against reinfection. The evolution of
      immunological memory is subject to debate. The advantages of memory discussed so
      far include protection from reinfection, control of chronic infection, and the
      transfer of immune function to the next generation. Mathematical models are used
      to identify a new force that can drive the evolution of immunological memory: the
      duration of memory can regulate the degree of competition between different
      pathogens. While a long duration of memory provides lasting protection against
      reinfection, it may also allow an inferior pathogen species to persist. This can
      be detrimental for the host if the inferior pathogen is more virulent. On the
      other hand, a shorter duration of memory ensures that an inferior pathogen
      species is excluded. This can be beneficial for the host if the inferior pathogen
      is more virulent. Thus, while in the absence of pathogen diversity memory is
      always expected to evolve to a long duration, under specific circumstances,
      memory can evolve toward shorter durations in the presence of pathogen diversity.

PMID- 13678599
TI  - Nuclear localization and transcriptional repression are confined to separable
      domains in the circadian protein CRYPTOCHROME.
AB  - Circadian rhythms are driven by molecular clocks composed of interlocking
      transcription/translation feedback loops. CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) proteins are
      critical components of these clocks and repress the activity of the transcription
      factor heterodimer CLOCK/BMAL1. Unlike the homologous DNA repair enzyme 6-4
      PHOTOLYASE, CRYs have extended carboxyl-terminal tails and cannot repair DNA
      damage (reviewed in ). Unlike mammals, Xenopus laevis contains both CRYs (xCRYs)
      and 6-4 PHOTOLYASE (xPHOTOLYASE), providing an excellent comparative tool to
      study CRY repressive function. We can extend findings to CRYs in general because
      xCRYs share high sequence homology with mammalian CRYs. We show here that
      deletion of xCRYs' C-terminal domain produces proteins that are, like
      xPHOTOLYASE, unable to suppress CLOCK/BMAL1 activation. However, these
      truncations also cause the proteins to be cytoplasmically localized. A
      heterologous nuclear localization signal (NLS) restores the truncation mutants'
      nuclear localization and repressive activity. Our results demonstrate that the
      CRYs' C termini are essential for nuclear localization but not necessary for the
      suppression of CLOCK/BMAL1 activation; this finding indicates that these two
      functions reside in separable domains. Furthermore, the functional differences
      between CRYs and PHOTOLYASE can be attributed to the few amino acid changes in
      the conserved portions of these proteins.

PMID- 13678600
TI  - Banking on genome data.

PMID- 13678601
TI  - How results will out.

PMID- 13678602
TI  - Q & A: Mriganka Sur.

PMID- 13678603
TI  - The contractile ring.

PMID- 13678604
TI  - Molecular caving.

PMID- 13678605
TI  - Aerial morphogenesis: enter the chaplins.
AB  - Filamentous bacteria produce aerial structures to allow spores to be dispersed. A
      new class of secreted, surface-active proteins called chaplins has been
      identified in Streptomyces coelicolor. Chaplins form unusual amyloid-like fibrils
      and act cooperatively to bring about aerial development.

PMID- 13678606
TI  - Calcium signalling: the ups and downs of protein kinase C.
AB  - Oscillations in intracellular calcium levels control a plethora of physiological
      processes, but how they are decoded by a cell remains unclear. In a recent study,
      advances in FRET technology have been used to describe how calcium oscillations
      are decoded through phase-locked oscillations in substrate phosphorylation
      catalysed by protein kinase C.

PMID- 13678607
TI  - GTPase regulation: getting aRnd Rock and Rho inhibition.
AB  - Rnd proteins are atypical members of the Rho small G protein family that inhibit
      the formation of actomyosin contractile fibers via activation of RhoGAPs and
      inhibition of a Rho effector, the Ser/Thr kinase Rock. These mechanisms might be
      used to fine-tune Rho GTPase inhibition locally at sites where particular actin
      structures need to be made.

PMID- 13678608
TI  - Bacterial shape: growing off this mortal coil.
AB  - Members of the actin-like MreB family of proteins localize as a helical filament
      in bacteria and are important for determining cylindrical cell shape. Recent
      results show that new cell wall biosynthesis occurs along a helical track
      dependent on one of these actin homologs, providing new insights into bacterial
      cell growth, division and shape.

PMID- 13678609
TI  - Evolution of segmentation: rolling back the clock.
AB  - Recent work has revealed striking similarities in the genetic mechanisms
      underpinning somitogenesis in zebrafish and segmentation in the spider. Could
      this mean that the bilaterian common ancestor was segmented after all?

PMID- 13678610
TI  - Cell polarity: a new mod(e) of anchoring.
AB  - Microtubules play a central role in the establishment of cell polarity by
      directing the transport of polarity determinants to their site of action. Recent
      work has revealed a novel membrane-anchoring mechanism which complements the
      microtubule transport of the fission yeast polarity determinant tea1p to ensure
      its retention at the cell tip.

PMID- 13678611
TI  - Rho factor: transcription termination in four steps.
AB  - Rho factor is a hexameric ring-shaped helicase which terminates transcription in
      Escherichia coli. Two recent crystal structures of Rho in complex with nucleic
      acid reveal how this helicase ring loads onto mRNA and encircles it.

PMID- 13678612
TI  - Cytokinesis: GAGs form the walls that separate our parts.
AB  - Cytokinesis, the final step of cell division, involves the formation of
      membranous barriers that partition cytosol and organelles between the resultant
      daughter cells. Recent studies reveal a crucial role for the extracellular
      glycosaminoglycan chondroitin in the completion of the cleavage furrow in
      dividing Caenorhabditis elegans embryos.

PMID- 13678613
TI  - Biophysics and the place of theory in biology.

PMID- 13678614
TI  - Polymer motors: pushing out the front and pulling up the back.
AB  - Mechanical work in cells is performed by specialized motor proteins that operate
      in a continuous mechanochemical cycle. Less complex, but still efficient, 'one
      shot' motors evolved based on the assembly and disassembly of polymers. We review
      the mechanisms of pushing and pulling by actin and microtubule filaments and the
      organizational principles of actin networks. We show how these polymer force
      generators are used for the propulsion of intracellular pathogens, protrusion of
      lamellipodia and mitotic movements. We discuss several examples of cellular
      forces generated by the assembly and disassembly of polymer gels.

PMID- 13678615
TI  - Biomimetic systems for studying actin-based motility.
AB  - Actin polymerization provides a major driving force for eukaryotic cell motility.
      Successive intercalation of monomeric actin subunits between the plasma membrane
      and the filamentous actin network results in protrusions of the membrane enabling
      the cell to move or to change shape. One of the challenges in understanding
      eukaryotic cell motility is to dissect the elementary biochemical and biophysical
      steps that link actin polymerization to mechanical force generation. Recently,
      significant progress was made using biomimetic, in vitro systems that are
      inspired by the actin-based motility of bacterial pathogens such as Listeria
      monocytogenes. Polystyrene microspheres and synthetic phospholipid vesicles
      coated with proteins that initiate actin polymerization display motile behavior
      similar to Listeria, mimicking the leading edge of lamellipodia and filopodia. A
      major advantage of these biomimetic systems is that both biochemical and physical
      parameters can be controlled precisely. These systems provide a test bed for
      validating theoretical models on force generation and polarity establishment
      resulting from actin polymerization. In this review, we discuss recent
      experimental progress using biomimetic systems propelled by actin polymerization
      and discuss these results in the light of recent theoretical models on actin
      based motility.

PMID- 13678616
TI  - Recurrent neural networks with trainable amplitude of activation functions.
AB  - An adaptive amplitude real time recurrent learning (AARTRL) algorithm for fully
      connected recurrent neural networks (RNNs) employed as nonlinear adaptive filters
      is proposed. Such an algorithm is beneficial when dealing with signals that have
      rich and unknown dynamical characteristics. Following the approach from, three
      different cases for the algorithm are considered; a common adaptive amplitude
      shared among all the neurons; each layer has its own adaptive amplitude;
      different adaptive amplitude for each neuron. Experimental results show the
      AARTRL outperforms the standard RTRL algorithm.

PMID- 13678617
TI  - Solving the XOR problem and the detection of symmetry using a single complex
      valued neuron.
AB  - This letter presents some results on the computational power of complex-valued
      neurons. The main results may be summarized as follows. The XOR problem and the
      detection of symmetry problem which cannot be solved with a single real-valued
      neuron (i.e. a two-layered real-valued neural network), can be solved with a
      single complex-valued neuron (i.e. a two-layered complex-valued neural network)
      with the orthogonal decision boundaries, which reveals the potent computational
      power of complex-valued neurons. Furthermore, the fading equalization problem can
      be successfully solved with a single complex-valued neuron with the highest
      generalization ability.

PMID- 13678618
TI  - A neural model of how the brain represents and compares multi-digit numbers:
      spatial and categorical processes.
AB  - Both animals and humans represent and compare numerical quantities, but only
      humans have evolved multi-digit place-value number systems. This article develops
      a Spatial Number Network, or SpaN, model to explain how these shared numerical
      capabilities are computed using a spatial representation of number quantities in
      the Where cortical processing stream, notably the inferior parietal cortex. Multi
      digit numerical representations that obey a place-value principle are proposed to
      arise through learned interactions between categorical language representations
      in the What cortical processing stream and the Where spatial representation.
      Learned semantic categories that symbolize separate digits, as well as place
      markers like 'ty,' 'hundred,' and 'thousand,' are associated through learning
      with the corresponding spatial locations of the Where representation. Such What
      to-Where auditory-to-visual learning generates place-value numbers as an emergent
      property, and may be compared with other examples of multi-modal cross-modality
      learning, including synesthesia. The model quantitatively simulates error rates
      in quantification and numerical comparison tasks, and reaction times for number
      priming and numerical assessment and comparison tasks. In the Where cortical
      process, transient responses to inputs are integrated before they activate an
      ordered spatial map that selectively responds to the number of events in a
      sequence and exhibits Weber law properties. Numerical comparison arises from
      activity pattern changes across the spatial map that define a 'directional
      comparison wave.' Variants of these model mechanisms have elsewhere been used to
      explain data about other Where stream phenomena, such as motion perception,
      spatial attention, and target tracking. The model is compared with other models
      of numerical representation.

PMID- 13678619
TI  - A neural network simulating human reach-grasp coordination by continuous updating
      of vector positioning commands.
AB  - We developed a neural network model to simulate temporal coordination of human
      reaching and grasping under variable initial grip apertures and perturbations of
      object size and object location/orientation. The proposed model computes reach
      grasp trajectories by continuously updating vector positioning commands. The
      model hypotheses are (1) hand/wrist transport, grip aperture, and hand
      orientation control modules are coupled by a gating signal that fosters
      synchronous completion of the three sub-goals. (2) Coupling from transport and
      orientation velocities to aperture control causes maximum grip apertures that
      scale with these velocities and exceed object size. (3) Part of the aperture
      trajectory is attributable to an aperture-reducing passive biomechanical effect
      that is stronger for larger apertures. (4) Discrepancies between internal
      representations of targets partially inhibit the gating signal, leading to
      movement time increases that compensate for perturbations. Simulations of the
      model replicate key features of human reach-grasp kinematics observed under three
      experimental protocols. Our results indicate that no precomputation of component
      movement times is necessary for online temporal coordination of the components of
      reaching and grasping.

PMID- 13678620
TI  - A model synapse that incorporates the properties of short- and long-term synaptic
      plasticity.
AB  - We propose a general computer model of a synapse, which incorporates mechanisms
      responsible for the realization of both short- and long-term synaptic plasticity
      the two forms of experimentally observed plasticity that seem to be very
      significant for the performance of neuronal networks. The model consists of a
      presynaptic part based on the earlier 'double barrier synapse' model, and a
      postsynaptic compartment which is connected to the presynaptic terminal via a
      feedback, the sign and magnitude of which depend on postsynaptic Ca(2+)
      concentration. The feedback increases or decreases the amount of neurotransmitter
      which is in a ready for release state. The model adequately reproduced the
      phenomena of short- and long-term plasticity observed experimentally in
      hippocampal slices for CA3-CA1 synapses. The proposed model may be used in the
      investigation of certain real synapses to estimate their physiological
      parameters, and in the construction of realistic neuronal networks.

PMID- 13678621
TI  - Back-propagation learning of infinite-dimensional dynamical systems.
AB  - This paper presents numerical studies of applying back-propagation learning to a
      delayed recurrent neural network (DRNN). The DRNN is a continuous-time recurrent
      neural network having time delayed feedbacks and the back-propagation learning is
      to teach spatio-temporal dynamics to the DRNN. Since the time-delays make the
      dynamics of the DRNN infinite-dimensional, the learning algorithm and the
      learning capability of the DRNN are different from those of the ordinary
      recurrent neural network (ORNN) having no time-delays. First, two types of
      learning algorithms are developed for a class of DRNNs. Then, using chaotic
      signals generated from the Mackey-Glass equation and the Rossler equations,
      learning capability of the DRNN is examined. Comparing the learning algorithms,
      learning capability, and robustness against noise of the DRNN with those of the
      ORNN and time delay neural network, advantages as well as disadvantages of the
      DRNN are investigated.

PMID- 13678622
TI  - Controlling chaos in a chaotic neural network.
AB  - The chaotic neural network constructed with chaotic neuron shows the associative
      memory function, but its memory searching process cannot be stabilized in a
      stored state because of the chaotic motion of the network. In this paper, a
      pinning control method focused on the chaotic neural network is proposed. The
      computer simulation proves that the chaos in the chaotic neural network can be
      controlled with this method and the states of the network can converge in one of
      its stored patterns if the control strength and the pinning density are chosen
      suitable. It is found that in general the threshold of the control strength of a
      controlled network is smaller at higher pinned density and the chaos of the
      chaotic neural network can be controlled more easily if the pinning control is
      added to the variant neurons between the initial pattern and the target pattern.

PMID- 13678623
TI  - Neural independent component analysis by 'maximum-mismatch' learning principle.
AB  - The aim of the present paper is to apply Sudjanto-Hassoun theory of Hebbian
      learning to neural independent component analysis. The basic learning theory is
      first recalled and expanded in order to make it suitable for a network of non
      linear complex-weighted neurons; then its interpretation and application is shown
      in the context of blind separation of complex-valued sources. Numerical results
      are given in order to assess the effectiveness of the proposed learning theory
      and the related separation algorithm on telecommunication signals; a comparison
      with other existing techniques finally helps assessing the performances and
      computational requirements of the proposed algorithm.

PMID- 13678624
TI  - Necessary and sufficient condition for absolute stability of normal neural
      networks.
AB  - Globally convergent dynamics of a class of neural networks with normal connection
      matrices is studied by using the Lyapunov function method and spectral analysis
      of the connection matrices. It is shown that the networks are absolutely stable
      if and only if all the real parts of the eigenvalues of the connection matrices
      are nonpositive. This extends an existing result on symmetric neural networks to
      a larger class including certain asymmetric networks. Further extension of the
      present result to certain non-normal case leads naturally to a quasi-normal
      matrix condition, which may be interpreted as a generalization of the so-called
      principle of detailed balance for the connection weights or the quasi-symmetry
      condition that was previously proposed in the literature in association with
      symmetric neural networks. These results are of particular interest in neural
      optimization and classification problems.

PMID- 13678629
TI  - The nature and prospects for gut membrane proteins as vaccine candidates for
      Haemonchus contortus and other ruminant trichostrongyloids.
AB  - Substantial progress has been made in the last decade in identifying several
      antigens from Haemonchus contortus which, in their native form, stimulate useful
      levels of protective immunity (70-95% reductions in faecal egg output) in the
      ovine host. Much work has focussed on proteins/protein complexes expressed on the
      surface of the worm gut which are exposed to the blood meal, and, hence, antibody
      ingested with it. The antigens generally, but not in all cases, show protease
      activity and antibody is thought to mediate protective immunity by blocking the
      activity of enzymes involved in digestion within the worm. This review summarises
      the protective efficacy, as well as the biochemical and molecular properties, of
      the principal candidate antigens which are expressed in the gut of these
      parasites. Of course, such antigens will have to be expressed as recombinant
      proteins to be sufficiently cost-effective for use in a commercial vaccine and
      the current status of recombinant antigen expression is discussed with particular
      reference to conformation and glycosylation. There is a need for continued
      antigen definition even in the confines of gut antigens and potential targets can
      be selected from the rapidly expanding genome/EST datasets on the basis of
      predicted functional homology. Gene knockout technologies such as RNA
      interference have the potential to provide high throughput, rapid and inexpensive
      methods to define whether the protein product of a particular gene would be a
      suitable vaccine candidate.

PMID- 13678630
TI  - The uptake of Texas Red-BSA in the excretory system of schistosomes and its
      colocalisation with ER60 promoter-induced GFP in transiently transformed adult
      males.
AB  - The excretory system of schistosomes has focused some attention during the last
      years since accumulating evidence suggests that it plays an important role in the
      host-parasite interaction. Signalling molecules such as phosphatases, but also
      proteases have been localised in the excretory system. To some extent, however,
      localisation studies are limited by the fact that sections of fixed specimens are
      used. In this study, we tested the fluorescent molecules FITC-dextran and Texas
      Red-BSA for their ability to enter the excretory system of living Schistosoma
      mansoni males. It is demonstrated that the dyes selectively stain the excretory
      tubules which are widely distributed along the worm body. This finding was used
      to investigate whether the staining of worms with Texas Red-BSA can help to
      localise transgene activity in worms which were transiently transformed by
      particle bombardment. A vector was used for transformation which contained the
      green fluorescent protein gene, under the control of the regulatory elements of
      the cysteine protease ER60 gene. After transformation and staining, confocal
      laser scanning microscopy revealed that ER60-induced green fluorescent protein
      activity colocalises with Texas Red-BSA in the excretory tubules. The results
      suggest a role for ER60 during the host-parasite interaction. Furthermore, the
      colocalisation approach introduced here opens further perspectives to
      characterise gene-expression profiles in this parasite.

PMID- 13678631
TI  - Analysis of differential gene expression in Echinococcus multilocularis larval
      stages by means of spliced leader differential display.
AB  - All parasitic helminths process a large subset of their mRNA molecules via
      spliced leader trans-splicing. Here we describe a rapid and efficient method,
      'spliced leader differential display', to generate comprehensive expression
      fingerprints of trans-spliced factors on silver-stained acrylamide gels. The
      method allows systematic screening of the entire trans-spliced transcriptome of
      parasitic organisms using only minute amounts of starting material. Spliced
      leader differential display selectively displays 5' end-fragments of trans
      spliced messages thus facilitating the identification of associated proteins and
      the full-length characterisation of corresponding mRNAs. We employed spliced
      leader differential display to analyse gene expression patterns of in vitro
      cultivated protoscoleces and metacestode vesicles from Echinococcus
      multilocularis. These analyses revealed that the majority of trans-spliced mRNAs
      are expressed at equal amounts in both larval stages whereas about 25% of the
      identified transcripts displayed stage-specific differential expression. Full
      length transcripts for several of the obtained fragments were isolated and their
      constitutive or differential expression was verified by competitive PCR and
      Virtual Northern blotting. Spliced leader differential display was further used
      to identify genes which are induced in the E. multilocularis metacestode stage
      under growth promoting conditions in the presence of host hepatocytes. One mRNA,
      encoding a putative member of the epidermal growth factor family of mitogens, was
      shown to be 10-fold induced upon co-incubation of metacestode vesicles with host
      cells which indicates a possible involvement of parasite-determined, epidermal
      growth factor-like signal transduction systems in metacestode proliferation and
      development. The successful application of spliced leader differential display to
      gene expression analyses of echinococcal larvae, combined with easy handling and
      a low rate of false positives, recommends this method not only for studies on the
      host-parasite interplay during alveolar echinococcosis, but also for
      investigations on other parasitic organisms.

PMID- 13678632
TI  - CD4+-dependent immunity to Onchocerca volvulus third-stage larvae in humans and
      the mouse vaccination model: common ground and distinctions.
AB  - Onchocerciasis is a major filarial disease and is the second most common cause of
      infectious blindness in the world. Disease development after infection with
      Onchocerca volvulus varies widely and is determined by the host's immune response
      to the parasite. Vector control and administration of ivermectin has reduced
      infection and disease rates significantly. However, limitations of these
      programmes, including ivermectin's selective activity on microfilariae, the need
      for 10-15 years of annual treatments, logistical obstacles and the potential
      emergence of drug-resistant strains demand alternative strategies. A vaccine that
      targets O. volvulus infective third-stage larvae (L3) could provide an additional
      tool to guarantee successful elimination of infection with O. volvulus. An
      essential step in the development of immunoprophylactic procedures and reagents
      is the identification of host immune responses toward antigens of O. volvulus L3
      and L3 developing to the fourth-stage larvae that are associated with protection
      against these stages of the parasite. This review summarises the recent
      advancements in understanding the immune mechanisms in particular the CD4(+)
      responses to L3 stages in humans and in the mouse vaccination model. Comparison
      between the two uncovered common immunological elements in naturally exposed
      humans and mice vaccinated with radiation attenuated L3 or recombinant O.
      volvulus antigens, as well as significant differences. These studies promisingly
      suggest that the O. volvulus mouse model is a very useful adjunct to the studying
      of natural infection in humans and could provide us with the tools to identify
      the target molecules and the effector immune correlates of protection in humans
      responsible for attrition of L3 stages. Since some of these antigens may exist in
      other nematodes, any insight gained into the mechanisms of vaccine-induced anti
      O. volvulus L3 protective immunity in both humans and mice could be applicable to
      the development of vaccines against other nematode infections.

PMID- 13678633
TI  - Fasciola hepatica cathepsin L-like proteases: biology, function, and potential in
      the development of first generation liver fluke vaccines.
AB  - Fasciola hepatica secretes cathepsin L proteases that facilitate the penetration
      of the parasite through the tissues of its host, and also participate in
      functions such as feeding and immune evasion. The major proteases, cathepsin L1
      (FheCL1) and cathepsin L2 (FheCL2) are members of a lineage that gave rise to the
      human cathepsin Ls, Ks and Ss, but while they exhibit similarities in their
      substrate specificities to these enzymes they differ in having a wider pH range
      for activity and an enhanced stability at neutral pH. There are presently 13
      Fasciola cathepsin L cDNAs deposited in the public databases representing a gene
      family of at least seven distinct members, although the temporal and spatial
      expression of each of these members in the developmental stage of F. hepatica
      remains unclear. Immunolocalisation and in situ hybridisation studies, using
      antibody and DNA probes, respectively, show that the vast majority of cathepsin L
      gene expression is carried out in the epithelial cells lining the parasite gut.
      Within these cells the enzyme is packaged into secretory vesicles that release
      their contents into the gut lumen for the purpose of degrading ingested host
      tissue and blood. Liver flukes also express a novel multi-domain cystatin that
      may be involved in the regulation of cathepsin L activity. Vaccine trials in both
      sheep and cattle with purified native FheCL1 and FheCL2 have shown that these
      enzymes can induce protection, ranging from 33 to 79%, to experimental challenge
      with metacercariae of F. hepatica, and very potent anti-embryonation/hatch rate
      effects that would block parasite transmission. In this article we review the
      vaccine trials carried out over the past 8 years, the role of antibody and T cell
      responses in mediating protection and discuss the prospects of the cathepsin Ls
      in the development of first generation recombinant liver fluke vaccines.

PMID- 13678634
TI  - The avermectin receptors of Haemonchus contortus and Caenorhabditis elegans.
AB  - Most of the recent evidence suggests that the avermectin/milbemycin family of
      anthelmintics act via specific interactions with glutamate-gated chloride
      channels. These channels are encoded by a small family of genes in nematodes,
      though the composition of the gene family and the function of the individual
      members of the family may vary between species. We review our current knowledge
      concerning the properties of the glutamate-gated chloride channels from
      Caenorhabditis elegans and the related parasite, Haemonchus contortus. We
      conclude that the biological effects of the avermectins/milbemycins can be
      largely explained by the known pharmacology and distribution of the glutamate
      gated chloride channels and that differences between the glutamate-gated chloride
      channels from different nematodes may underlie species-specific variations in
      anthelmintic action.

PMID- 13678635
TI  - Trehalose metabolism genes in Caenorhabditis elegans and filarial nematodes.
AB  - The sugar trehalose is claimed to be important in the physiology of nematodes
      where it may function in sugar transport, energy storage and protection against
      environmental stresses. In this study we investigated the role of trehalose
      metabolism in nematodes, using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model, and also
      identified complementary DNA clones putatively encoding genes involved in
      trehalose pathways in filarial nematodes. In C. elegans two putative trehalose-6
      phosphate synthase (tps) genes encode the enzymes that catalyse trehalose
      synthesis and five putative trehalase (tre) genes encode enzymes catalysing
      hydrolysis of the sugar. We showed by RT-PCR or Northern analysis that each of
      these genes is expressed as mRNA at all stages of the C. elegans life cycle.
      Database searches and sequencing of expressed sequence tag clones revealed that
      at least one tps gene and two tre genes are expressed in the filarial nematode
      Brugia malayi, while one tps gene and at least one tre gene were identified for
      Onchocerca volvulus. We used the feeding method of RNA interference in C. elegans
      to knock down temporarily the expression of each of the tps and tre genes.
      Semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis confirmed that expression of each gene was
      silenced by RNA interference. We did not observe an obvious phenotype for any of
      the genes silenced individually but gas-chromatographic analysis showed >90%
      decline in trehalose levels when both tps genes were targeted simultaneously.
      This decline in trehalose content did not affect viability or development of the
      nematodes.

PMID- 13678636
TI  - Molecular and genetic characterisation of the host-protective oncosphere antigens
      of taeniid cestode parasites.
AB  - Highly effective recombinant vaccines have been developed against Taenia ovis
      infection in sheep, Taenia saginata infection in cattle, Taenia solium infection
      in pigs, Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis infections in a
      variety of intermediate host species. These vaccines have been based on the
      identification and expression in Escherichia coli of antigens derived from the
      oncosphere life cycle stage, contained within the parasites' eggs. Investigation
      of the molecular aspects of these proteins and the genes encoding them have
      revealed a number of common features, including the presence of a predicted
      secretory signal sequence, and one or two copies of a fibronectin type III
      domain, each encoded by separate exons within the associated gene. Evidence has
      been obtained to confirm glycosylation of some of these antigens. Ongoing
      investigations will shed light on the biological roles played by the proteins
      within the parasites and the mechanism by which they make the parasites
      vulnerable to vaccine-induced immune responses.

PMID- 13678637
TI  - Genetics of susceptibility to human helminth infection.
AB  - Recent studies have shown that host genetics is an important determinant of the
      intensity of infection and morbidity due to human helminths. Epidemiological
      studies of a number of parasite species have shown that the intensity of
      infection (worm burden) is a heritable phenotype. The proportion of variance in
      human worm burden explained by genetic effects varies from 0.21 to 0.44. Human
      genome scans have identified a locus responsible for controlling Schistosoma
      mansoni infection intensity on chromosome 5q31-q33, and loci controlling Ascaris
      lumbricoides intensity on chromosomes 1 and 13, although the genes involved have
      not yet been identified. There is also evidence for genetic control of pathology
      due to S. mansoni, and linkage has been reported to a region containing the gene
      for the interferon-gamma receptor 1 subunit. There is some evidence for genetic
      control of filarial infection, though little information on filarial disease.
      Association studies have provided evidence for major histocompatibility complex
      control of pathology in schistosomiasis and onchocerciasis. Recent candidate gene
      studies suggest a role of other immune response genes in controlling helminth
      infection and pathology, but require replication. Identification of the genetic
      loci involved may be important in the understanding of helminth epidemiology and
      the mechanisms of resistance and pathology.

PMID- 13678638
TI  - Identification and characterisation of an aspartyl protease inhibitor homologue
      as a major allergen of Trichostrongylus colubriformis.
AB  - Allergens were identified from the gastrointestinal nematode of sheep,
      Trichostrongylus colubriformis, by probing Western blots of infective larvae
      (third stage) somatic antigen with IgE purified from the serum of sheep grazed on
      worm contaminated pasture. A 31 kDa allergen was frequently recognised by sera
      from immune sheep, particularly those deriving from a line that has been
      genetically selected over 23 years for parasite resistance. Using a proteomic
      approach, the 31 kDa allergen was identified as an aspartyl protease inhibitor
      homologue. The entire coding sequence of T. colubriformis aspartyl protease
      inhibitor (Tco-api-1) was obtained and the mature protein expressed in
      Escherichia coli. Anti-Tco-API-1 antibodies revealed that a commonly observed 21
      kDa T. colubriformis allergen species is a truncated form of Tco-API-1. Specific
      IgE responses to T. colubriformis aspartyl protease inhibitor were significantly
      correlated with the degree of resistance to nematode infection as measured by
      faecal egg count in sheep. Surprisingly, IgE responses to Tco-API-1 were not
      correlated with breech soiling (dag score), which is thought to be caused, in
      part, by allergic hypersensitivity to worms. Therefore, a specific IgE response
      to this allergen may be a suitable marker for identifying lambs at an early age
      that will develop strong immunity to gastrointestinal nematodes.

PMID- 13678640
TI  - Gene manipulation in parasitic helminths.
AB  - In light of recent growth in available DNA sequence information for a number of
      parasitic helminths, it is crucial that suitable gene manipulation technologies
      are developed to facilitate functional genomic studies in these organisms. In
      this review we discuss recent progress in the development of these technologies
      in nematode and platyhelminth parasites of medical and veterinary importance.
      Specifically, the current status of transient transfection, double-stranded RNA
      interference and antisense RNA as viable techniques for the manipulation of
      parasitic helminth gene expression is presented. In addition, the potential for
      the development of stable, or germ-line, transformation methods in these
      organisms is also discussed.

PMID- 13678639
TI  - Progress in the development of a recombinant vaccine for human hookworm disease:
      the Human Hookworm Vaccine Initiative.
AB  - Hookworm infection is one of the most important parasitic infections of humans,
      possibly outranked only by malaria as a cause of misery and suffering. An
      estimated 1.2 billion people are infected with hookworm in areas of rural poverty
      in the tropics and subtropics. Epidemiological data collected in China, Southeast
      Asia and Brazil indicate that, unlike other soil-transmitted helminth infections,
      the highest hookworm burdens typically occur in adult populations, including the
      elderly. Emerging data on the host cellular immune responses of chronically
      infected populations suggest that hookworms induce a state of host anergy and
      immune hyporesponsiveness. These features account for the high rates of hookworm
      reinfection following treatment with anthelminthic drugs and therefore, the
      failure of anthelminthics to control hookworm. Despite the inability of the human
      host to develop naturally acquired immune responses to hookworm, there is
      evidence for the feasibility of developing a vaccine based on the successes of
      immunising laboratory animals with either attenuated larval vaccines or antigens
      extracted from the alimentary canal of adult blood-feeding stages. The major
      antigens associated with each of these larval and adult hookworm vaccines have
      been cloned and expressed in prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems. However, only
      eukaryotic expression systems (e.g., yeast, baculovirus, and insect cells)
      produce recombinant proteins that immunologically resemble the corresponding
      native antigens. A challenge for vaccinologists is to formulate selected
      eukaryotic antigens with appropriate adjuvants in order to elicit high antibody
      titres. In some cases, antigen-specific IgE responses are required to mediate
      protection. Another challenge will be to produce anti-hookworm vaccine antigens
      at high yield low cost suitable for immunising large impoverished populations
      living in the developing nations of the tropics.

PMID- 13678641
TI  - Interactions between bacteria and plant-parasitic nematodes: now and then.
AB  - Based on genome-to-genome analyses of gene sequences obtained from plant
      parasitic, root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.), it seems likely that certain
      genes have been derived from bacteria by horizontal gene transfer. Strikingly, a
      common theme underpinning the function of these genes is their apparent direct
      relationship to the nematodes' parasitic lifestyle. Phylogenetic analyses
      implicate rhizobacteria as the predominant group of 'gene donor' bacteria. Root
      knot nematodes and rhizobia occupy similar niches in the soil and in roots, and
      thus the opportunity for genetic exchange may be omnipresent. Further, both
      organisms establish intimate developmental interactions with host plants, and
      mounting evidence suggests that the mechanisms for these interactions are shared
      too. We propose that the origin of parasitism in Meloidogyne may have been
      facilitated by acquisition of genetic material from soil bacteria through
      horizontal transfer, and that such events represented key steps in speciation of
      plant-parasitic nematodes. To further understand the mechanisms of horizontal
      gene transfer, and also to provide experimental tools to manipulate this
      promising bio-control agent, we have initiated a genomic sequence of the
      bacterial hyper-parasite of plant parasitic nematodes, Pasteuria penetrans.
      Initial data have established that P. penetrans is closely related to Bacillus
      spp., to the extent that considerable genome synteny is apparent. Hence, Bacillus
      serves as a model for Pasteuria, and vice versa.

PMID- 13678642
TI  - Developmental plasticity in schistosomes and other helminths.
AB  - Developmental plasticity in helminth life cycles serves, in most cases, to
      increase the probability of transmission between hosts, suggesting that the
      necessity to achieve transmission is a prominent selective pressure in the
      evolution of this phenomenon. Some evidence suggests that digenean trematodes
      from the genus Schistosoma are also capable of limited developmental responses to
      host factors. Here we review the currently available data on this phenomenon and
      attempt to draw comparisons with similar processes in the life cycles of other
      helminths. At present the biological significance of developmental responses by
      schistosomes under laboratory conditions remains unclear. Further work is needed
      to determine whether developmental plasticity plays any role in increasing the
      probability of schistosome transmission and life cycle propagation under adverse
      conditions, as it does in other helminth life cycles.

PMID- 13678643
TI  - Exploiting natural immunity to helminth parasites for the development of
      veterinary vaccines.
AB  - The development of subunit vaccines against most parasitic helminth infections
      will require a better understanding of the different components of a natural
      rejection process including (1) recognition of parasite antigens; (2) induction
      of protective immune response phenotypes; and (3) activation of appropriate
      immune effector mechanisms. While novel technologies have allowed significant
      progress to be made in the identification of candidate vaccine antigens, the
      large scale production of these antigens and their presentation to the host with
      appropriate adjuvant systems remains a major problem in vaccine research.
      Identification of the molecular interactions involved in the innate immune
      response to helminth infections and the application of new genomic and proteomic
      technologies are likely to lead to major advances in these research fields.
      Gastrointestinal nematode parasites and liver fluke are the most important
      helminth parasites of production animals. In recent years, a lot of new knowledge
      has been gathered on the immunobiology of the host-parasite interactions in these
      two infection systems, which has allowed new vaccination strategies to be
      considered. Functional genomic technologies such as gene expression analysis by
      microarrays, promise to further advance our understanding of the molecular
      pathways leading to protection against parasite infections. This will not only
      have implications for vaccine research, but also provide novel targets for drug
      development and genetic selection.

PMID- 13678644
TI  - Modulation of host immune responses by nematode cystatins.
AB  - Parasitic nematodes, living in the intestinal tract or within tissues of theirs
      hosts, are constantly exposed to an array of immune effector mechanisms. One
      strategy to cope with the immune response is the release of immunomodulatory
      components that block effector mechanisms or interact with the cytokine network.
      Among the secreted nematode immunomodulators, cysteine protease inhibitors
      (cystatins) are shown to be of major importance. Nematode cystatins inhibit,
      among others, proteases involved in antigen processing and presentation, which
      leads to a reduction of T cell responses. At the same time nematode cystatins
      modulate cytokine responses, the most prominent trait being the upregulation of
      IL-10, a Th2 cytokine, by macrophages. In this situation, IL-10 leads among
      others to downregulation of costimulatory surface molecules of macrophages. These
      properties contribute to induction of an anti-inflammatory environment,
      concomitant with a strong inhibition of cellular proliferation. This setting is
      believed to favour the survival of worms. An opposite activity of nematode
      cystatins is the upregulation of production of inducible nitric oxide by IFN
      gamma activated macrophages, an intrinsic property of natural cysteine protease
      inhibitors. This shows that these proteins can act as proinflammatory molecules
      under certain circumstances. A comparison of the immunomodulatory effects of
      cystatins of filarial nematodes with homologous proteins of the free-living
      nematode Caenorhabditis elegans revealed distinct differences. Caenorhabditis
      elegans cystatins induce the production of the Th1 cytokine IL-12, in contrast to
      filarial cystatins that upregulate IL-10. Caenorhabditis elegans cystatins hardly
      inhibit cellular proliferation. These data suggest that cystatins of parasitic
      nematodes have multiple, specific capacities for immunomodulation, acting in
      parallel on different immune effector mechanisms. Elucidation of the mechanisms
      involved might be useful in the development of immunotherapeutic reagents in the
      future.

PMID- 13678645
TI  - The effect of hypercholesterolemia on platelet soluble guanylyl cyclase.
AB  - We sought to determine whether hypercholesterolemia impacts on the NO-stimulated
      activity of platelet soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC). We investigated two groups
      of nine New Zealand white rabbits receiving either a standard (NC) or a
      cholesterol chow (HC, 0.75%) for 15 weeks. The plasma content of cGMP and the
      specific activity of sGC in intact platelets were measured by a cGMP-specific
      radioimmunoassay. In HC, 47.9+/-3.1% of the aortic intimal area was covered with
      atherosclerotic lesions, and plasma cGMP levels (pmol/ml) were increased from
      12.6+/-1.2 to 27.9+/-3.5 (P<.0001). In striking contrast, hypercholesterolemia
      had no effect on sGC activity stimulated by the NO donor SNAP. At 100 microM
      SNAP, the specific activities of sGC (pmol/10(9) platelets/min) were 81.8+/-14.5
      in NC and 86.2+/-8.1 in HC. Basal sGC activity (pmol/10(9) platelets/min) was
      also similar in NC (0.21+/-0.04) and HC (0.460+/-0.11, P=.7813). In accordance,
      washed platelets from both groups showed a similar SNAP-induced inhibition of
      aggregation. These data suggest that an impaired response of platelets to NO is
      most likely not involved in platelet hyperreactivity in hypercholesterolemia.

PMID- 13678646
TI  - Antiplatelet properties of a novel, non-NO-based soluble guanylate cyclase
      activator, BAY 41-2272.
AB  - Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in cardiovascular homeostasis,
      particularly in the regulation of vascular tone and the reactivity of platelets
      and circulating cells. Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) acts as the principal
      biological target for NO and catalyses the formation of the intracellular second
      messenger cyclic GMP (cGMP); activation of this enzyme is thought to be
      responsible for the majority of cardiovascular actions of NO. In the present
      study, we have evaluated the antiplatelet effects of a novel non-NO-based sGC
      activator, BAY 41-2272, in vitro and in vivo. BAY 41-2272 produced a marked
      inhibition of platelet aggregation in washed platelets with a potency (IC(50)
      approximately 100 nM) some threefold less than the NO donor S-nitrosoglutathione.
      BAY 41-2272 also prevented aggregation in platelet-rich plasma (PRP), albeit with
      a much lower potency. Both NO and prostacyclin exhibited synergistic activity
      with BAY 41-2272 to inhibit platelet aggregation. In vivo, at doses of BAY 41
      2272 that significantly reduced blood pressure, the compound had little effect on
      FeCl(3)-induced thrombosis. These data confirm that intraplatelet sGC activation
      results in inhibition of aggregation and suggests that novel non-NO-based sGC
      activators, which possess both hypotensive and antiplatelet activities, may be
      useful as therapeutic agents.

PMID- 13678648
TI  - The enhanced NO-induced cGMP response induced by long-term L-NAME treatment is
      not due to enhanced expression of NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase.
AB  - Most of the effects of the signalling molecule nitric oxide (NO) are mediated by
      the activation of NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase (GC). Subsequent to the NO
      induced stimulation of cGMP synthesis, the rise in the intracellular cGMP
      concentration induces the activation of the different cGMP effector molecules.
      Accumulating evidence has been presented that the sensitivity of the cGMP
      response is modulated by the amount of NO present, i.e., a lack of NO was shown
      to lead to an enhanced cGMP response in aortas in response to NO stimulation
      while preincubation with NO blunted this cGMP response. Here, we show that L-N
      nitro-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME) treatment of rats leads to a very much
      increased cGMP response toward sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in aortic tissue. In
      the aortic cytosolic fraction, enzyme activities of GC and phosphodiesterase
      (PDE) did not differ between the two animal groups. We did not detect any
      difference in the expression of NO-sensitive GC between L-NAME-treated and
      control animals, which could explain the enhanced NO response. The results show
      that a reduction of the endogenous NO production induced by long-term L-NAME
      treatment does not lead to an up-regulation of NO-sensitive GC on the level of
      protein expression.

PMID- 13678647
TI  - Down-regulation of soluble guanylyl cyclase in the inner medulla of DOCA-salt
      hypertensive rats.
AB  - Our laboratory has recently shown increased renal expression of NO synthase 3
      (NOS3) in the deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt rat model of hypertension
      suggesting an up-regulation of the nitric oxide (NO)-cyclic guanosine-3',5'
      monophosphate (cGMP) pathway. The present study was designed to determine changes
      in renal soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) activity and expression in the DOCA-salt
      hypertensive rat. Rats were uninephrectomized and subcutaneously implanted with
      either a placebo or DOCA-salt pellet. Placebo-treated animals were given tap
      water ad libitum, while DOCA-treated animals received 0.9% NaCl solution to
      drink. Each week, rats were placed in metabolic cages for 24 h collection of
      urine samples. Urine samples were measured for cGMP concentrations using a
      scintillation proximity method. After 3 weeks, kidneys were removed and dissected
      into cortex, outer medulla, and inner medulla. Each region of the kidney was
      further separated into detergent-soluble and detergent-insoluble fractions. DOCA
      treated rats exhibited significant increases in urinary cGMP excretion (27.0+/
      1.4 fmol/mg creatinine) after 1 week compared to placebo control animals (8.7+/
      0.6 fmol/mg creatinine). This was followed by a significant decrease by the
      second week of treatment (5.4+/-1.0 and 11.4+/-0.6 fmol/mg creatinine in DOCA
      salt and placebo, respectively) and a return to placebo values by the third week
      of treatment (16.2+/-3.1 and 12.9+/-1.0 fmol/mg creatinine in DOCA-salt and
      placebo, respectively). Western blot analysis of inner medullary detergent
      soluble fraction indicated a decrease in the expression of the beta(1)-subunit of
      sGC in the third week of DOCA-salt-treated animals as compared to placebo
      controls (n=5 animals per group) while expression of the alpha(1)-subunit was
      unchanged. Western blot analysis of cortex and outer medullary preparations
      comparing placebo controls and DOCA-salt-treated animals revealed no difference
      in alpha(1)- or beta(1)-sGC protein expression. These data suggest an uncoupling
      of NOS/NO and sGC/cGMP pathways in the renal inner medulla of the DOCA-salt
      hypertensive rat.

PMID- 13678649
TI  - Enoxaparin--a low molecular weight heparin, restores the altered vascular
      reactivity of resistance arteries in aged and aged-diabetic hamsters.
AB  - We questioned whether the low molecular weight heparin enoxaparin acts upon the
      altered vascular reactivity of the resistance arteries in normal biological aging
      and in aging associated with diabetes. Experiments were performed on isolated
      resistance arteries of young (4 months old), aged (16 months old), and aged
      diabetic hamsters (16 months old and 5 months since streptozotocin injection),
      and the reactivity was assessed by the myograph technique. The results showed
      that enoxaparin (60 microg/ml) had favorable effects on the vascular reactivity
      in aged and aged-diabetic conditions, i.e., diminished the contractility of the
      arterial wall to 10(-8)-10(-6) M noradrenaline (NA) and to K(+), and potentiated
      the impeded endothelium-dependent relaxation to 10(-8)-10(-4) M acetylcholine
      (ACh). The effect was more pronounced compared to that produced by unfractionated
      heparin (UFH). These pharmacological effects supplement the anticoagulant
      properties of enoxaparin and may be of relevance for improving
      perfusion/circulation in the microvasculature of aged and of aged-diabetic
      persons.

PMID- 13678650
TI  - Involvement of tyrosine kinase pathway in acute hypoxic vasoconstriction in sheep
      isolated pulmonary vein.
AB  - Tyrosine kinase pathway has been shown to be involved in the effects of hypoxia
      in pulmonary arteries, but its role in pulmonary vein is not known. The aims of
      this study were to determine the effect of hypoxia in sheep isolated pulmonary
      veins and to identify the role of tyrosine kinase pathway in hypoxic response.
      Genistein and tyrphostin were used as selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and
      sodium orthovanadate was administered for tyrosine kinase activation. Hypoxia
      (95% N(2) to 5% CO(2)) caused a vasoconstriction either under resting tone or in
      U46619-precontracted pulmonary veins. Genistein and tyrphostin inhibited hypoxia
      induced vasoconstriction both under resting tone and in precontracted veins,
      while sodium orthovanadate increased these hypoxic contractions. Our findings
      suggest that tyrosine kinase pathway is involved in hypoxic pulmonary
      vasoconstriction in sheep isolated pulmonary vein rings.

PMID- 13678651
TI  - Effects of novel safrole oxide derivatives, 1-methoxy-3-(3,4
      methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-propanol and 1-ethoxy-3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2
      propanol, on apoptosis induced by deprivation of survival factors in vascular
      endothelial cells.
AB  - Two safrole oxide derivatives, 1-methoxy-3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-propanol
      (MOD) and 1-ethoxy-3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-propanol (EOD), were newly
      synthesized as promoters of apoptosis in vascular endothelial cells (VECs). The
      purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of these two safrole oxide
      derivatives on cell growth and apoptosis induced by deprivation of survival
      factors (serum and fibroblast growth factors, aFGF and bFGF) in VECs.
      Morphological changes were observed with light microscopy. Cell growth was
      determined by using MTT (3-[4, 5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenytetrazolium)
      method. DNA fragmentation was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis and
      fluorescence microscopy. Apoptosis rate and cell cycle distribution were analyzed
      by flow cytometry (FCM). The cells deprived of FGF and serum were exposed to MOD
      10-40 mg l(-1) for 24 h. Cell growth was suppressed (P<.01), while detachment and
      DNA fragmentation of these cells were promoted (P<.01). When the cells were
      treated with MOD30 mg l(-1) for 24 h, apoptosis rate was 21.43% (P<.01). The fact
      that 66.50% of the cells were trapped in S phase of cell cycle indicated that the
      cell cycle was blocked at S phase. Treated with EOD 10-40 mg l(-1) for 24 h, the
      cells were observed; the results showed that VEC growth was inhibited and the
      apoptosis was triggered (P<.01). At 30 mg l(-1) concentration, EOD blocked 55.22%
      of the cells at S phase. The data suggested that MOD and EOD might promote
      apoptosis of VEC by blocking the cell cycle at S phase.

PMID- 13678652
TI  - Developmental exposure to chlorpyrifos alters reactivity to environmental and
      social cues in adolescent mice.
AB  - Neonatal mice were treated daily on postnatal days (pnds) 1 through 4 or 11
      through 14 with the organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos (CPF), at doses (1 or
      3 mg/kg) that do not evoke systemic toxicity. Brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE)
      activity was evaluated within 24 h from termination of treatments. Pups treated
      on pnds 1-4 underwent ultrasonic vocalization tests (pnds 5, 8, and 11) and a
      homing test (orientation to home nest material, pnd 10). Pups in both treatment
      schedules were then assessed for locomotor activity (pnd 25), novelty-seeking
      response (pnd 35), social interactions with an unfamiliar conspecific (pnd 45),
      and passive avoidance learning (pnd 60). AChE activity was reduced by 25% after
      CPF 1-4 but not after CPF 11-14 treatment. CPF selectively affected only the G(4)
      (tetramer) molecular isoform of AChE. Behavioral analysis showed that early CPF
      treatment failed to affect neonatal behaviors. Locomotor activity on pnd 25 was
      increased in 11-14 CPF-treated mice at both doses, and CPF-treated animals in
      both treatment schedules were more active when exposed to environmental novelty
      in the novelty-seeking test. All CPF-treated mice displayed more agonistic
      responses, and such effect was more marked in male mice exposed to the low CPF
      dose on pnds 11-14. Passive avoidance learning was not affected by CPF. These
      data indicate that developmental exposure to CPF induces long-term behavioral
      alterations in the mouse species and support the involvement of neural systems in
      addition to the cholinergic system in the delayed behavioral toxicity of CPF.

PMID- 13678653
TI  - Accumulation and metabolism of arsenic in mice after repeated oral administration
      of arsenate.
AB  - Exposure to the human carcinogen inorganic arsenic (iAs) occurs daily. However,
      the disposition of arsenic after repeated exposure is not well known. This study
      examined the disposition of arsenic after repeated po administration of arsenate.
      Whole-body radioassay of adult female B6C3F1 mice was used to estimate the
      terminal elimination half-life of arsenic after a single po dose of
      [(73)As]arsenate (0.5 mg As/kg). From these data, it was estimated that steady
      state levels of whole-body arsenic could be attained after nine repeated daily
      doses of [(73)As]arsenate (0.5 mg As/kg). The mice were whole-body radioassayed
      immediately before and after the repeated dosing. Excreta were collected daily
      and analyzed for arsenic-derived radioactivity and arsenicals. Whole-body
      radioactivity was determined 24 h after the last repeated dose, and five mice
      were then euthanized and tissues analyzed for radioactivity. The remaining mice
      were whole-body radioassayed for 8 more days, and then their tissues were
      analyzed for radioactivity. Other mice were administered either a single or nine
      repeated po doses of non-radioactive arsenate (0.5 mg As/kg). Twenty-four hours
      after the last dose, the mice were euthanized, and tissues were analyzed for
      arsenic by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Whole-body radioactivity was
      rapidly eliminated from mice after repeated [(73)As]arsenate exposure, primarily
      by urinary excretion in the form of dimethylarsinic acid (DMA(V)). Accumulation
      of radioactivity was highest in bladder, kidney, and skin. Loss of radioactivity
      was most rapid in the lung and slowest in the skin. There was an organ-specific
      distribution of arsenic as determined by AAS. Monomethylarsonic acid was detected
      in all tissues except the bladder. Bladder and lung had the highest percentage of
      DMA(V) after a single exposure to arsenate, and it increased with repeated
      exposure. In kidney, iAs was predominant. There was a higher percentage of DMA(V)
      in the liver than the other arsenicals after a single exposure to arsenate. The
      percentage of hepatic DMA(V) decreased and that of iAs increased with repeated
      exposure. A trimethylated metabolite was also detected in the liver. Tissue
      accumulation of arsenic after repeated po exposure to arsenate in the mouse
      corresponds to the known human target organs for iAs-induced carcinogenicity.

PMID- 13678654
TI  - Calpain released from dying hepatocytes mediates progression of acute liver
      injury induced by model hepatotoxicants.
AB  - Liver injury is known to progress even after the hepatotoxicant is long gone and
      the mechanisms of progressive injury are not understood. We tested the hypothesis
      that hydrolytic enzymes such as calpain, released from dying hepatocytes, destroy
      the surrounding cells causing progression of injury. Calpain inhibitor, N-CBZ-VAL
      PHE-methyl ester (CBZ), administered 1 h after a toxic but nonlethal dose of
      CCl(4) (2 ml/kg, ip) to male Sprague Dawley rats substantially mitigated the
      progression of liver injury (6 to 48 h) and also led to 75% protection against
      CCl(4)-induced lethality following a lethal dose (LD75) of CCl(4) (3 ml/kg).
      Calpain leakage in plasma and in the perinecrotic areas increased until 48 h and
      decreased from 72 h onward paralleling progression and regression of liver
      injury, respectively, after CCl(4) treatment. Mitigation of progressive injury
      was accompanied by substantially low calpain in perinecrotic areas and in plasma
      after CBZ treatment. Normal hepatocytes incubated with the plasma collected from
      CCl(4)-treated rats (collected at 12 h when most of the CCl(4) is eliminated)
      resulted in extensive cell death prevented by CBZ. Cell-impermeable calpain
      inhibitor E64 also protected against progression of CCl(4)-induced liver injury,
      thereby confirming the role of released calpain in progression of liver injury.
      Following CCl(4) treatment, calpain-specific breakdown of alpha-fodrin increased,
      while it was negligible in rats receiving CBZ after CCl(4). Hepatocyte cell death
      in incubations containing calpain was completely prevented by CBZ. Eighty percent
      of Swiss Webster mice receiving a lethal dose (LD80) of acetaminophen (600 mg/kg,
      ip) survived if CBZ was administered 1 h after acetaminophen, suggesting that
      calpain-mediated progression of liver injury is neither species nor chemical
      specific. These findings suggest the role of calpain in progression of liver
      injury.

PMID- 13678655
TI  - Chemical-specific alterations in ras, p53, and beta-catenin genes in
      hemangiosarcomas from B6C3F1 mice exposed to o-nitrotoluene or riddelliine for 2
      years.
AB  - The most prominent neoplastic lesions in mice in the 2-year studies of o
      nitrotoluene and riddelliine were hemangiosarcomas. Fifteen o-nitrotoluene
      induced hemangiosarcomas of the skeletal muscle, subcutaneous tissue, and
      mesentery; 12 riddelliine-induced hemangiosarcomas of the liver; and 15
      spontaneous subcutaneous hemangiosarcomas were examined for genetic alterations
      in ras, p53, and beta-catenin genes. Mutations in at least one of these genes
      were identified in 13 of 15 (87%) of the o-nitrotoluene-induced hemangiosarcomas
      with missense mutations in p53 exons 5-8 detected in 11 of 15 (73%) of these
      neoplasms. Seven of 15 (47%) hemangiosarcomas from mice exposed to o-nitrotoluene
      had deletions at exon 2 splice sites or smaller deletions in the beta-catenin
      gene. K-ras mutation was detected in only 1 of the 15 (7%) o-nitrotoluene-induced
      hemangiosarcomas. In contrast to the o-nitrotoluene study, 7/12 (58%) riddelliine
      induced hemangiosarcomas had K-ras codon 12 GTT mutations and, when screened by
      immunohistochemistry, 9/12 (75%) had strong staining for the p53 protein in
      malignant endothelial cells, the cells of origin of hemangiosarcomas. Riddelliine
      induced hemangiosarcomas were negative for the beta-catenin protein. Spontaneous
      hemangiosarcomas from control mice lacked both p53 and beta-catenin protein
      expression and ras mutations. Our data indicated that p53 and beta-catenin
      mutations in the o-nitrotoluene-induced hemangiosarcomas and K-ras mutations and
      p53 protein expression in riddelliine-induced hemangiosarcomas most likely
      occurred as a result of the genotoxic effects of these chemicals. It also
      suggests that these mutations play a role in the pathogenesis of the respective
      hemangiosarcomas in B6C3F1(1) mice.

PMID- 13678656
TI  - Copper, but not cadmium, is acutely toxic for trout hepatocytes: short-term
      effects on energetics and ion homeostasis.
AB  - The toxic effects of cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) on cellular energy metabolism
      and ion homeostasis were investigated in hepatocytes from the rainbow trout,
      Oncorhynchus mykiss. The metal content of cells did not increase during
      incubation with Cu, whereas a dose-dependent increase was seen with Cd. Cell
      viability was unaffected in the presence of 100 microM Cd and 10 microM Cu but
      was significantly reduced after 30 min of exposure to 100 microM Cu, both in the
      presence and absence of extracellular calcium. Oxygen consumption (VO(2)) was not
      affected by 100 microM Cd or 10 microM Cu, whereas 100 microM Cu caused a
      significant and calcium-dependent increase of VO(2). Lactate production and basal
      glucose release were not altered by either of the metals. However, the
      epinephrine-stimulated rate of glucose release was significantly reduced after 2
      h of incubation with 100 microM Cu. Hepatocytes exposed to Cd showed only a
      marginal increase of intracellular free calcium (Ca(i)(2+)), whereas with Cu a
      pronounced and dose-dependent increase of Ca(i)(2+) was induced after a delay of
      10 to 15 min, the calcium being of extracellular origin. Intracellular pH was not
      altered by Cd but decreased significantly in the presence of Cu. Overall our data
      demonstrate that Cu, but not Cd, is acutely toxic for trout hepatocytes. Since Cu
      does not enter the cells in the short term it appears to exert its acutely toxic
      effects at the cell membrane. Although Cu toxicity is associated with an uptake
      of calcium from extracellular space, leading to an elevation of cellular
      respiration, cytotoxicity does not appear to be dependent on the presence of
      extracellular calcium.

PMID- 13678657
TI  - Dosimetry by means of DNA and hemoglobin adducts in propylene oxide-exposed rats.
AB  - The main purpose of the study was to establish the relation between exposure dose
      of propylene oxide (PO) and dose in various tissues of male F344 rats exposed to
      the compound by inhalation. The animals were exposed to 0, 5, 25, 50, 300, or 500
      ppm PO in the air for 3 days (6 h/day) or 4 weeks (6 h/day, 5 days/week). Blood,
      nasal respiratory epithelium, lung, and liver were collected. 2
      Hydroxypropylvaline (HPVal) in hemoglobin was quantified using the N-alkyl Edman
      method and gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. 7-(2
      Hydroxypropyl)guanine (7-HPG) in DNA was quantified using (32)P postlabeling. The
      levels of 7-HPG in DNA of nasal respiratory epithelium and lung increased
      linearly with concentration as measured both after 3 days and 4 weeks of
      exposure. Similarly, 7-HPG in liver DNA and HPVal in hemoglobin showed a linear
      increase with PO concentration in the 3-day exposure group, whereas a deviation
      from linearity was observed above 300 ppm in the 4-week exposure group. The new
      results confirm previous observations of a dose difference between tissues with
      the highest dose present in the nasal respiratory epithelium. The measured adduct
      levels were used for calculation of adduct increments and corresponding tissue
      doses per unit of external exposure dose. For this purpose, the buildup of
      adducts was modeled considering the different kinetics of formation and
      elimination of adducts with DNA and hemoglobin, respectively, and also
      considering the increasing body weight of the animals. The half-life of 7-HPG in
      vivo, as well as tissue doses, could be solved from DNA adduct data at the 3rd
      and 26th days. Within the range of concentrations where the dose-response curves
      for adduct formation are linear, the relationship between exposure dose and
      resulting tissue doses could be based equally well on adduct data from the short
      term exposure as on adduct data from the prolonged exposure.

PMID- 13678658
TI  - Evaluation of genotoxic risk and oxidative DNA damage in mammalian cells exposed
      to mycotoxins, patulin and citrinin.
AB  - Mycotoxins are fungal secondary metabolites with very diversified toxic effects
      in humans and animals. In the present study, patulin (PAT) and citrinin (CTN),
      two prevalent mycotoxins, were evaluated for their genotoxic effects and
      oxidative damage to mammalian cells, including Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO
      K1), human peripheral blood lymphocytes, and human embryonic kidney cells
      (HEK293). PAT, but not CTN, caused a significant dose-dependent increase in
      sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequency in both CHO-K1 and human lymphocytes.
      PAT also elevated the levels of DNA gap and break in treated CHO-K1. In the
      single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assay, exposure of HEK293 to
      concentrations above 15 microM of PAT induced DNA strand breaks; the tail moment
      values also greatly increased after posttreatment with formamidopyrimidine-DNA
      glycosylase (Fpg). This suggests that in human cells PAT is a potent clastogen
      with the ability to cause oxidative damage to DNA. However, no significant change
      in the tail moment values in CTN-treated cultures was found, suggesting that CTN
      is not genotoxic to HEK293. Incubation of HEK293 with CTN increased the mRNA
      level of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), but not that of human 8-hydroxyguanine
      DNA glycosylase 1 (hOGG1). PAT treatment did not modulate the expression of
      either HSP70 or hOGG1 mRNA.

PMID- 13678659
TI  - Bioaccumulation and locomotor effects of manganese phosphate/sulfate mixture in
      Sprague-Dawley rats following subchronic (90 days) inhalation exposure.
AB  - Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) is an organic manganese (Mn)
      compound added to unleaded gasoline in Canada. The primary combustion products of
      MMT are Mn phosphate, Mn sulfate, and a Mn phosphate/Mn sulfate mixture. Concerns
      have been raised that the combustion products of MMT containing Mn could be
      neurotoxic, even at low levels of exposure. The objective of this study is to
      investigate exposure-response relationships for bioaccumulation and locomotor
      effects following subchronic inhalation exposure to a mixture of manganese
      phosphates/sulfate mixture. A control group and three groups of 30 male Sprague
      Dawley rats were exposed in inhalation chambers for a period of 13 weeks, 5 days
      per week, 6 h a day. Exposure concentrations were 3000, 300, and 30 microg/m(3).
      At the end of the exposure period, locomotor activity and resting time tests were
      conducted for 36 h using a computerized autotrack system. Rats were then
      euthanized by exsanguination and Mn concentrations in different tissues (liver,
      lung, testis, and kidney) and blood and brain (caudate putamen, globus pallidus,
      olfactory bulb, frontal cortex, and cerebellum) were determined by neutron
      activation analysis. Increased manganese concentrations were observed in blood,
      kidney, lung, testis, and in all brain sections in the highest exposure group. Mn
      in the lung and in the olfactory bulb were dose dependent. Our data indicate that
      the olfactory bulb accumulated more Mn than other brain regions following
      inhalation exposure. Locomotor activity was increased at 3000 microg/m(3), but no
      difference was observed in resting time among the exposed groups. At the end of
      the experiment, rats exposed to 300 and 3000 microg/m(3) exhibited significantly
      decreased body weight in comparison with the control group. Biochemical profiles
      also revealed some significant differences in certain parameters, specifically
      alkaline phospatase, urea, and chlorate.

PMID- 13678660
TI  - Microarray analysis of changes in bone cell gene expression early after cadmium
      gavage in mice.
AB  - We developed an in vivo model for cadmium-induced bone loss in which mice excrete
      bone mineral in feces beginning 8 h after cadmium gavage. Female mice of three
      strains [CF1, MTN (metallothionein-wild-type), and MT1,2KO (MT1,2-deficient)]
      were placed on a low-calcium diet for 2 weeks. Each mouse was gavaged with 200
      microg Cd or vehicle only. Fecal calcium was monitored daily for 9 days,
      beginning 4 days before cadmium gavage, to document the bone response. For CF1
      mice, bones were taken from four groups: +/- Cd, 2 h after Cd and +/- Cd, 4 h
      after Cd. MTN and MT1,2KO strains had two groups each: +/-Cd, 4 h after Cd.
      PolyA+ RNA preparations from marrow-free shafts of femura and tibiae of each +/-
      Cd pair were submitted to Incyte Genomics for microarray analysis. Fecal Ca
      results showed that bone calcium excreted after cadmium differed for the three
      mouse strains: CF1, 0.24 +/- 0.08 mg; MTN, 0.92 +/- 0.22 mg; and MT1,2KO, 1.7 +/-
      0.4 mg. Gene array results showed that nearly all arrayed genes were unaffected
      by cadmium. However, MT1 and MT2 had Cd+/Cd- expression ratios >1 in all four
      groups, while all ratios for MT3 were essentially 1, showing specificity. Both
      probes for MAPK 14 (p38 MAPK) had expression ratios >1, while no other MAPK
      responded to cadmium. Vacuolar proton pump ATPase and integrin alpha v
      (osteoclast genes), transferrin receptor, and src-like adaptor protein genes were
      stimulated by Cd; other src-related genes were unaffected. Genes for bone
      formation, stress response, growth factors, and signaling molecules showed little
      or no response to cadmium. Results support the hypothesis that Cd stimulates bone
      demineralization via a p38 MAPK pathway involving osteoclast activation.

PMID- 13678661
TI  - The neuroprotective effects of virally-derived caspase inhibitors p35 and crmA
      following a necrotic insult.
AB  - Neuronal excitotoxicity causes energetic impairment and the ensuing cell death
      has historically been regarded as necrotic. Recent findings, however, indicate
      that apoptosis may participate in excitotoxicity. Here we examined the
      neuroprotective mechanisms of the well-characterized viral caspase inhibitors,
      p35 and crmA, following domoic acid-induced excitotoxicity in hippocampal
      neurons. We show that though p35 and crmA rescued neurons from toxicity, they did
      so under conditions of negligible caspase activation and morphological apoptosis.
      Thus, we characterized the novel neuroprotective effects of p35 and crmA and
      found that they attenuated the drop in the mitochondrial potential and blunted
      the decline in ATP levels. These data, to our knowledge, are the first detailed
      descriptions of the cell death mechanisms following domoic acid treatment of
      neurons. Moreover, in demonstrating the previously unexplored modulation of these
      processes, these data underline the capacity for classically "anti-apoptotic"
      proteins to alter other branches of cell death processes.

PMID- 13678662
TI  - Evidence for peripheral clearance of cerebral Abeta protein following chronic,
      active Abeta immunization in PSAPP mice.
AB  - Immunization with amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptide in mouse models of Alzheimer's
      disease has been reported to decrease cerebral Abeta levels and improve
      behavioral deficits. Several mechanisms have been proposed, including antibody
      induced phagocytosis of Abeta by cerebral microglia and increased efflux of Abeta
      from the brain to the periphery. The latter mechanism was suggested in mice
      undergoing acute, passive transfer of an Abeta monoclonal antibody. Here, PSAPP
      transgenic mice were actively immunized by a single intraperitoneal injection of
      synthetic Abeta followed by chronic intranasal administration of Abeta with the
      mucosal adjuvant, Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin, LT, twice weekly for
      8 weeks. Serum from Abeta-immunized mice had an average of 240 microg/ml of anti
      Abeta-specific antibodies; these antibodies had epitope(s) within Abeta1-15 and
      were of immunoglobulin (Ig) isotypes IgG2b, IgG2a, and IgG1. Immunization led to
      a 75% decrease in plaque number (P < 0.0001) and a 58% decrease in Abetax-42
      levels (P < 0.026) in brain, and gliosis and neuritic dystrophy were diminished.
      No pathological effects of the immunization were observed in kidney, spleen, or
      snout. Serum Abeta levels increased 28-fold in immunized mice (53.06 ng/ml)
      compared to controls (1.87 ng/ml). Most of the Abeta in the serum of the
      immunized mice was bound to antibodies. We conclude that following active
      immunization, anti-Abeta antibodies sequester serum Abeta and may increase
      central nervous system to serum Abeta clearance.

PMID- 13678663
TI  - Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine and caspase genes promotes neuronal
      apoptosis in pontine reticular formation after spinal cord transection.
AB  - We identified apoptotic neurons in pontine reticular formation (PRF), the origin
      of pontine reticulospinal fibers, in adult Sprague-Dawley rats after complete
      spinal cord transection (SCT) at T8 level. SCT also increased the expression in
      PRF of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6,
      caspase-1, or caspase-3 mRNA. This was followed by an augmented expression of
      activated caspase-3 protein, an increase in caspase-3 activity, and expression of
      a cleaved fragment of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), a proteolytic substrate
      of the activated caspase-3. Microinjection bilaterally into the PRF of an
      antiserum against TNF-alpha attenuated the expression of IL-6 mRNA and up
      regulation of caspase-3 mRNA, and a caspase-3 inhibitor, DEVD-CHO, suppressed the
      augmentation in activated caspase-3 or cleaved PARP expression after SCT. Both
      treatments also reduced the number of SCT-induced apoptotic PRF neurons. We
      conclude that PRF neurons in adult mammalian brain may actively degrade
      themselves after SCT through apoptosis, via signaling processes that involve
      activation of proinflammatory cytokine genes and the intracellular caspase-3
      pathway.

PMID- 13678664
TI  - Folate deprivation induces neurodegeneration: roles of oxidative stress and
      increased homocysteine.
AB  - Clinical studies suggest a relationship between folate deficiency and
      neurological and disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD). To investigate
      mechanisms underlying this association, we examined the consequences of folate
      deprivation on neuronal cultures. Culturing embryonic cortical neurons and
      differentiated SH-SY-5Y human neuroblastoma cells in folate-free medium induced
      neurodegenerative changes characteristic of those observed in AD, including
      increased cytosolic calcium, reactive oxygen species (ROS), phospho-tau and
      apoptosis. In accord with clinical studies, generation of the neurotoxic amino
      acid homocysteine (HC) was likely to contribute to these phenomena, since (1) a
      significant increase in HC was detected following folate deprivation, (2)
      addition of the inhibitor of HC formation, 3-deazaadenosine, both prevented HC
      formation and eliminated the increase in ROS that normally accompanied folate
      deprivation, (3) direct addition of HC in the presence of folate induced the
      neurotoxic effects that accompanied folate deprivation, and (4) an antagonist of
      NMDA channels that blocks HC-induced calcium influx also blocked calcium influx
      following folate deprivation. Folate deprivation decreased the reduced form of
      glutathione, indicating a depletion of oxidative buffering capacity. This line of
      reasoning was supported by an increase in glutathione and reduction in ROS
      following supplementation of folate-deprived cultures with the cell-permeant
      glutathione precursor, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, or vitamin E. Folate deprivation
      potentiated ROS and apoptosis induced by amyloid-beta, while folate
      supplementation at higher concentrations prevented generation of ROS by amyloid
      beta, suggesting that folate levels modulate the extent of amyloid-beta
      neurotoxicity. These findings underscore the importance of folate metabolism in
      neuronal homeostasis and suggest that folate deficiency may augment AD
      neuropathology by increasing ROS and excitotoxicity via HC generation.

PMID- 13678665
TI  - Targeted expression of BCL-2 attenuates MPP+ but not 6-OHDA induced cell death in
      dopaminergic neurons.
AB  - Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease exhibit complex features
      of cell death reflecting both the primary lesion as well as surrounding
      interconnected events. Because Bcl-2 family members are intimately involved in
      cell death processes, the present study used dopaminergic cultures from control,
      Bcl-2-overexpressing, or Bax-deficient genetically modified animals to determine
      the in situ effects of parkinsonism-inducing toxins. MPP(+)-mediated cell death
      was attenuated by Bcl-2 but did not require Bax. Accordingly, mutations or
      deletions within Bax heterodimerization domains, BH1, BH2, or BH3 had no effect
      on Bcl-2's ability to prevent cell death, whereas the cell-death suppressing BH4
      domain did. Although both staurosporine and 6-OHDA induced apoptosis,
      overexpression of Bcl-2 only rescued cells from programmed cell death induced by
      staurosporine. Thus, differential cell death pathways are associated with these
      cytotoxic signals in primary models of Parkinson's disease.

PMID- 13678666
TI  - Activation of the cell stress kinase PKR in Alzheimer's disease and human amyloid
      precursor protein transgenic mice.
AB  - Accumulation of amyloid beta peptides (Abeta) in the brain, which is a hallmark
      of Alzheimer's disease (AD), is associated with progressive damage to neuronal
      processes resulting in extensive neuritic dystrophy. This process may contribute
      to cognitive decline, but it is not known how Abeta elicits neuritic injury. Our
      analysis of AD brains and related transgenic mouse models suggests an involvement
      of the interferon-induced serine-threonine protein kinase, PKR, which is best
      known for its activation upon binding to double-stranded RNA. PKR activation is a
      component of stress-activated pathways that mobilize somatic cell death programs,
      but its roles in neurological disease largely remain to be defined. An antibody
      specific to the activated form of PKR (phosphorylated at T451) was used to
      determine the pattern of PKR activation in postmortem brain tissues from humans
      or from transgenic mice that express high levels of familial AD-mutant human
      amyloid precursor protein (hAPP) and hAPP-derived Abeta in neurons. In contrast
      to nondemented controls, AD cases showed prominent granular phospho-PKR
      immunoreactivity in association with neuritic plaques and pyramidal neurons in
      the hippocampus and neocortex. The distribution of phospho-PKR matched the
      distributions of abnormally phosphorylated tau and active p38 MAP kinase in
      adjacent sections. Compared with nontransgenic controls, hAPP transgenic mice
      also showed strong increases in phospho-PKR in the brain, primarily in
      association with plaques and dystrophic neurites. These findings support a role
      for PKR activation in the pathogenesis of AD.

PMID- 13678667
TI  - Altered expression of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in human glaucomatous
      optic nerve head astrocytes.
AB  - 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3alpha-HSD) isoforms (AKR1C1-AKR1C4) are
      aldo-keto reductases that metabolize steroids and other substances in many
      tissues including the CNS. Here we demonstrated that in glaucomatous human optic
      nerve heads, increased expression of 3alpha-HSD was localized to reactive
      astrocytes in the lamina cribrosa. Similar, optic nerve head astrocytes exhibited
      increased expression of 3alpha-HSD in response to elevated intraocular pressure
      in a monkey model of experimental glaucoma, but not in monkeys with unilateral
      optic nerve transection. In vitro, glaucomatous optic nerve head astrocytes
      expressed higher levels of AKR1C1, AKR1C2, and AKR1C3 mRNA, than normal
      astrocytes, with significant differential increase of AKR1C2 expression, and
      exhibited higher enzymatic activity forming 3alpha-androstanediol a well
      recognized neurosteroid. Normal astrocytes exposed to elevated hydrostatic
      pressure selectively increased AKR1C2 expression. Our findings of increased
      expression of 3alpha-HSDs in glaucomatous optic nerve head astrocytes offer new
      insights into possible roles for neurosteroids in the pathophysiology of
      glaucoma.

PMID- 13678668
TI  - Message and protein-level elevation of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha)
      and TNF alpha-modulating cytokines in spinal cords of the G93A-SOD1 mouse model
      for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
AB  - Recent data indicate that certain pro-inflammatory cytokines are
      transcriptionally upregulated in the spinal cords of G93A-SOD1 mice, a model of
      amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We previously showed that the receptor for
      tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-R1) was notably elevated at late presymptomatic
      as well as symptomatic phases of disease (J. Neurochem. 82 (2002) 365). We now
      extend these findings by showing that message for TNFalpha, as well as mRNA for
      interferon gamma (IFNgamma) and transforming growth factor beta1/2 (TGFbeta1,
      TGFbeta2), is simultaneously increased. Furthermore, TNFalpha protein is
      significantly increased in G93A-SOD1 mouse spinal cords, as are protein levels
      for interleukin-6 (IL6), IFNgamma, and the chemokines RANTES (CCL5) and KC. The
      interaction of TNFalpha, IL6, and IFNgamma proteins was modeled in vitro using
      Walker EOC-20 murine microglia with nitrite (NO(2)(-)) efflux as a quantitative
      index of cell response. TNFalpha alone caused robust NO(2)(-) flux, while IL6 had
      a lesser effect and neither IFNgamma nor IL1beta was active when applied singly.
      The TNFalpha stimulus was potently magnified in the presence of IL6 or IFNgamma.
      When applied in combination at very low concentrations, IFNgamma co-synergized
      with IL6 to produce a multiplicative increase in NO(2)(-) after stimulation with
      TNFalpha. Taken together, these data suggest that modest increases in multiple
      synergistic cytokines could produce a disproportionately severe activation of
      microglia within the degenerating spinal cord. Our data support a model wherein
      TNFalpha acts as a principal driver for neuroinflammation, while several co
      stimulating cytokines and chemokines act to potentiate the TNFalpha effects.

PMID- 13678669
TI  - BACE1 (beta-secretase) knockout mice do not acquire compensatory gene expression
      changes or develop neural lesions over time.
AB  - The formation of Alzheimer's Abeta peptide is initiated when the amyloid
      precursor protein (APP) is cleaved by the enzyme beta-secretase (BACE1);
      inhibition of this cleavage has been proposed as a means of treating Alzheimer's
      disease. (AD) We have previously shown that young BACE1 knockout mice (BACE1 KO)
      do not generate Abeta but in other respects appear normal. Here we have extended
      this analysis to include both gene expression profiling and phenotypic assessment
      of older BACE1 KO animals to evaluate the impact of chronic Abeta deficiency. We
      did not detect global compensatory changes in neural gene expression in young
      BACE1 KO mice. In particular, expression of the beta-secretase homolog BACE2 was
      not upregulated. Furthermore, we found no structural alterations in any organ,
      including all central and peripheral neural tissues, of BACE1 KO mice up to 14
      months of age. Aged BACE1 KO mice engineered to overexpress human APP (BACE1
      KO/APPtg) did not develop amyloid plaques. These data provide evidence that
      neither beta-secretase nor Abeta plays a vital role in mouse physiology and that
      chronic beta-secretase inhibition could be a useful approach in treating AD.

PMID- 13678670
TI  - Hyperphosphorylated tau and paired helical filament-like structures in the brains
      of mice carrying mutant amyloid precursor protein and mutant presenilin-1
      transgenes.
AB  - Senile plaques composed mainly of beta-amyloid (Abeta) and neurofibrillary
      tangles principally composed of hyperphosphorylated tau are the major
      pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite the fact that
      increased expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and presenilin-1 (PS1)
      transgenes in mice lead to increased Abeta deposition in plaquelike structures in
      the brain, little is known about the nature and distribution of tau in these
      mice. Therefore the relationship between Abeta and hyperphosphorylated tau was
      investigated in mice carrying mutant APP and mutant PS1 transgenes using both
      light (LM) and electron microscopy (EM) with immunocytochemistry. LM
      immunocytochemistry revealed cerebral Abeta deposits to be present from 8 weeks
      of age, whereas hyperphosphorylated tau was not detected until 24 weeks of age,
      when it appeared as punctate deposits in close association with the Abeta
      deposits in the cortex and hippocampus. However, dystrophic neurites were not as
      heavily immunolabeled as they are in AD brain. EM revealed that aggregations of
      straight filaments (10-12 nm wide) were present in some cellular processes at the
      periphery of Abeta plaques in 8-month-old APP/PS1 mice. In one such mouse, single
      filaments and paired filaments showing a helical configuration (50-55 nm half
      period, 25 nm max. width) were present in a dark, atrophic hippocampal neuron.
      Immunogold labeling of APP/PS1 mouse brain revealed hyperphosphorylated tau
      epitopes in some dystrophic neurites from 24 weeks of age that were similar to
      those present in AD. These results suggest that hyperphosphorylated tau appears
      in APP/PS1 mouse brain after the onset of Abeta deposition and although it is
      associated with Abeta deposits, its distribution is not identical to that in AD.

PMID- 13678671
TI  - Denervation and repeated L-DOPA induce a coordinate expression of the
      transcription factor NGFI-B in striatal projection pathways in hemi-parkinsonian
      rats.
AB  - Repeated intermittent administration of L-DOPA in rats with a unilateral 6
      hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesion of the nigrostriatal pathway results in a
      progressive increase of contraversive circling behavior. In this study, we have
      investigated the effects of denervation and repeated L-DOPA administration on the
      expression of the nuclear receptor nerve growth factor inducible-B (NGFI-B) in
      striatal output pathways of unilaterally 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. The denervation
      process induced an increase of NGFI-B and enkephalin (ENK) mRNA levels and the
      increase of NGFI-B took place predominantly in ENK-containing cells. The
      percentage of cells colocalizing NGFI-B and dynorphin (DYN) was significantly
      reduced. Repeated L-DOPA treatment increased the striatal level of DYN mRNA but
      it further reduced the percentage of NGFI-B/DYN double-labeled cells. On the
      intact side, repeated L-DOPA treatment increased NGFI-B expression in both
      striatal subpopulations. Additional acute studies were performed in normal rats
      to determine the role of the denervation process in the coordinate expression of
      NGFI-B in striatal subpopulations. A combination of selective D(1) and D(2)
      agonists induced an important increase of striatal NGFI-B expression selectively
      in DYN-containing neurons. These results demonstrate that the denervation process
      causes a differential regulation of NGFI-B in the two striatal output pathways
      which is further exacerbated by L-DOPA treatment. These molecular changes in
      response to dopamine depletion and dopamine replacement therapy may contribute to
      the long-term effects of L-DOPA and to the development of behavioral
      sensitization.

PMID- 13678672
TI  - TrkB mediates BDNF-induced potentiation of neuronal necrosis in cortical culture.
AB  - In the present study, the signaling mechanisms underlying the effect of brain
      derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on neuronal necrosis were investigated.
      Exposure of mature mouse cortical cultures (more than 10 days in vitro (DIV)) to
      50-100 ng/ml BDNF for 48 h induced widespread neuronal necrosis that was
      antioxidant-sensitive. This neuronal necrosis was blocked by the selective NMDA
      antagonist MK-801, suggesting that prolonged BDNF exposure caused endogenous
      levels of NMDA receptor activation to become excitotoxic. We examined whether the
      p75(NTR) played a role in BDNF-induced neuronal death. However, p75(NTR)
      expression was low in cultured cortical cells, and neutralizing antibodies to
      p75(NTR) did not attenuate BDNF-triggered neuronal death. In contrast, trkB
      antisense oligonucleotides and inhibitors of Trk tyrosine kinase blocked BDNF
      triggered neuronal death as well as BDNF potentiation of iron-induced oxidative
      neuronal necrosis, suggesting a critical role for TrkB in this phenomenon.
      Furthermore, BDNF did not potentiate neuronal necrosis in cortical cultures
      prepared from embryonic TrkB-null mice. These results suggest that TrkB plays an
      important role in BDNF-mediated neuronal necrosis.

PMID- 13678673
TI  - Transient focal ischemia triggers neuronal expression of GAT-3 in the rat
      perilesional cortex.
AB  - We studied the expression of gamma-aminobutyric acid plasma membrane transporters
      GAT-1 and GAT-3 in the cerebral cortex of rats following transient middle
      cerebral artery occlusion. GAT-1 immunoreactivity exhibited minor changes and
      immunoblotting studies showed that the protein levels were unchanged. By
      contrast, GAT-3 immunoreactivity, which is normally expressed exclusively by
      distal astrocytic processes, was remarkably altered: (1) GAT-3-positive puncta
      were reduced in the perilesional cortex and disorganized in the remaining
      regions; (2) numerous GAT-3-positive cells were observed, mostly in the
      perilesional cortex; they were all NeuN positive and most of them were identified
      as pyramidal neurons. Immunoblotting studies showed that GAT-3 levels were not
      significantly altered. Confocal studies showed that virtually all GAT-3-positive
      neurons in the perilesional cortex were TUNEL negative and coexpressed heat shock
      protein 70 kDa. These findings suggest that ischemia triggers a novel neuronal
      expression of GAT-3 that is greatest in the perilesional cortex and may
      contribute to the reported reduction in GABAergic inhibition.

PMID- 13678674
TI  - Lipopolysaccharide-induced-neuroinflammation increases intracellular accumulation
      of amyloid precursor protein and amyloid beta peptide in APPswe transgenic mice.
AB  - The present study was designed to examine whether brain inflammation caused by
      systemic administration of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) alters the
      expression/processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and increases the
      generation of amyloid beta peptide (Abeta). APPswe transgenic (Tg) mice were
      treated with either LPS or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). In LPS-treated APPswe
      mice, Abeta1-40/42 was 3-fold and APP was 1.8-fold higher than those in PBS
      treated mice (P < 0.05) by ELISA, Western blots and immunoprecipitation-mass
      spectrometry (IP-MS) ProteinChip analysis. Numbers of Abeta- and APP
      immunoreactive neurons (Abeta(+) and APP(+) neurons) increased significantly in
      LPS-treated APPswe mice; APP(+) and Abeta(+) neurons in neocortex were associated
      with an increased number of F4/80-immunoreactive microglia (F4/80(+) microglia)
      in their anatomical environment. Our findings demonstrate that experimental
      neuroinflammation increases APP expression/processing and causes intracellular
      accumulation of Abeta. It remains to be seen whether such events can cause
      neuronal dysfunction/degeneration and, with time, lead to extracellular Abeta
      deposits, as they occur in Alzheimer's disease.

PMID- 13678675
TI  - Identification of peptides that specifically bind Abeta1-40 amyloid in vitro and
      amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease brain using phage display.
AB  - The accumulation of the amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptides in amyloid plaques
      correlates with pathologic changes that occur in the brains of patients with
      Alzheimer's disease (AD). The ability to directly target reagents to the amyloid
      form of the Abeta peptide may allow the delivery of neuroprotective agents to
      make amyloid plaques less toxic, the delivery of amyloid-destroying molecules to
      eliminate plaques, or the delivery of reagents to prevent amyloid plaque
      formation. In addition, such reagents may be useful as diagnostic tools to
      quantitate the extent of amyloid plaque formation in AD patients. As a step
      toward these goals, we have used phage peptide display technology to identify
      peptides that bind specifically to the amyloid form of the Abeta(1-40) peptide.
      Here we identify two 20-amino acid peptides with similar structural features that
      bind to the amyloid form of Abeta(1-40) but not to monomeric Abeta(1-40). A
      recombinant form of one of these peptides was produced in Escherichia coli as a
      fusion protein with thioredoxin. After purification, this reagent bound Abeta(1
      40) amyloid in vitro with a K(d) of 60 nM and specifically labeled amyloid
      plaques in AD brains. A chemically synthesized version of this peptide also bound
      Abeta(1-40) amyloid and specifically stained amyloid plaques in AD brain. These
      peptide sequences represent new potential carrier molecules to deliver medicines
      to amyloid plaques in AD patients and to image plaques in AD brains.

PMID- 13678676
TI  - Molecular evolution of rDNA external transcribed spacer and phylogeny of sect.
      Petota (genus Solanum).
AB  - The 5(') external transcribed spacer (ETS) region of ribosomal DNA of 30 species
      of Solanum sect. Petota and the European Solanum dulcamara were compared. Two
      structural elements can be distinguished in the ETS: (i). a variable region (VR),
      demonstrating significant structural rearrangements and (ii). a conservative
      region (CR), evolving mainly by base substitutions. In VR, a conservative element
      (CE) with similarity to the ETS of distantly related Nicotiana is present. The
      ancestral organization of ETS (variant A) was found for non-tuber-bearing species
      of ser. Etuberosa, tuber-bearing wild potatoes of Central American ser.
      Bulbocastana, Pinnatisecta, and Polyadenia and S. dulcamara. Duplication of CE
      took place in the ETS of species from ser. Commersoniana and Circaeifolia
      (variant B). South American diploids and Mexican polyploids from superser. Rotata
      also possess two CE, and additionally two duplications around CE1 are present in
      VR (variant C). Three major lineages could be distinguished: non-tuber-bearing
      species of ser. Etuberosa, tuber-bearing Central American diploids and all South
      American species radiated from a common ancestor at early stages of evolution,
      indicating a South American origin of the tuber-bearing species. Later, Central
      and South American diploids evolved further as independent lineages. South
      American species form a monophyletic group composed of series with both stellata
      and rotata flower morphology. Solanum commersonii represents a sister taxon for
      all rotata species, whereas ser. Circaeifolia diverged earlier. Two main groups,
      C1 and C2, may be distinguished for species possessing ETS variant C. C1 contains
      ser. Megistacroloba, Conicibaccata, Maglia, and Acaulia, whereas all diploids of
      ser. Tuberosa are combined into C2. A closer relationship of Solanum chacoense
      (ser. Yungasensa) to the C2 group was found. The origin of polyploid species
      Solanum maglia, Solanum acaule, Solanum tuberosum, Solanum iopetalum, and Solanum
      demissum is discussed.

PMID- 13678677
TI  - Phylogenetic utility of the second intron of LEAFY in Neillia and Stephanandra
      (Rosaceae) and implications for the origin of Stephanandra.
AB  - A homeotic gene, LEAFY, has been suggested to be a single-copy gene in diploid
      angiosperms. Nucleotide sequences of the second intron of this gene, along with
      those of several regions of the chloroplast genome (trnL-trnF, trnD-trnY-trnE
      trnT, and matK-trnK) and nuclear ribosomal ITS, were obtained from the species of
      Neillia and Stephanandra to examine the phylogenetic utility of the intron and to
      elucidate the phylogenetic relationships among species of the two genera. PCR
      amplification of the second intron of LEAFY using universal degenerate primers
      produced PCR products in sufficient quantity for successful direct sequencing.
      The length of the intron ranged from 591 to 622 base pairs (bp) in Neillia and
      Stephanandra, except in N. thibetica (ca. 1370 bp), and sequence analysis of this
      region from multiple accessions revealed low levels of infraspecific variation.
      Comparison of the LEAFY data with ITS and cpDNA data demonstrated that the LEAFY
      intron was the most variable and useful for phylogenetic analysis at the species
      level, providing many more phylogenetically informative characters per 100 bp
      (7.4) than either ITS (3.2) or cpDNA (0.7). Phylogenetic analyses of LEAFY data
      using both maximum parsimony and likelihood methods generated well supported and
      highly resolved gene trees with few homoplasies (CI=0.97). Stephanandra is
      monophyletic and is nested within Neillia in both LEAFY and cpDNA trees, while
      the relationship is poorly resolved by ITS data. LEAFY and cpDNA data, however,
      strongly conflicted with each other with respect to the position of Stephanandra:
      LEAFY trees placed Stephanandra as sister to the ((N. affinis, N. gracilis), N.
      thyrsiflora) clade whereas cpDNA data suggested Stephanandra is sister to N.
      uekii. Both gene trees, however, are nearly identical to each other when
      Stephanandra is excluded. A hybrid origin of Stephanandra is suggested as a
      plausible hypothesis to explain the incongruence between LEAFY and cpDNA data
      sets, though gene duplication/loss and lineage sorting events cannot be ruled out
      as possibilities.

PMID- 13678678
TI  - ITS secondary structure derived from comparative analysis: implications for
      sequence alignment and phylogeny of the Asteraceae.
AB  - An RNA secondary structure model is presented for the nuclear ribosomal internal
      transcribed spacers (ITS) based on comparative analysis of 340 sequences from the
      angiosperm family Asteraceae. The model based on covariation analysis agrees with
      structural features proposed in previous studies using mainly thermodynamic
      criteria and provides evidence for additional structural motifs within ITS1 and
      ITS2. The minimum structure model suggests that at least 20% of ITS1 and 38% of
      ITS2 nucleotide positions are involved in base pairing to form helices. The
      sequence alignment enabled by conserved structural features provides a framework
      for broadscale molecular evolutionary studies and the first family-level
      phylogeny of the Asteraceae based on nuclear DNA data. The phylogeny based on ITS
      sequence data is very well resolved and shows considerable congruence with
      relationships among major lineages of the family suggested by chloroplast DNA
      studies, including a monophyletic subfamily Asteroideae and a paraphyletic
      subfamily Cichorioideae. Combined analyses of ndhF and ITS sequences provide
      additional resolution and support for relationships in the family.

PMID- 13678679
TI  - Phylogeny and evolution of reproductive modes in Autolytinae (Syllidae,
      Annelida).
AB  - The phylogeny of 31 autolytine taxa (Syllidae, Polychaeta, and Annelida) was
      estimated based on 16S rDNA and 18S rDNA sequences. Outgroups included 12 non
      autolytine syllids and four other annelids from related groups. The phylogeny was
      used to trace the evolution of the various reproductive strategies (i.e.,
      epigamy, anterior and posterior scissiparity, and gemmiparity) within the group,
      and it will also serve as a basis for a forthcoming revision of autolytine
      taxonomy. The two genes were analysed both separately and in combination using
      parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference. Regardless of method used
      the combined analysis supported a division of Autolytinae into three major
      clades: one with epigamous Autolytus; a second comprising Autolytus and Myrianida
      with posterior scissiparity and gemmiparity; and a third containing Proceraea,
      Procerastea, and Virchowia with anterior scissiparity. The relationship between
      these three groups is uncertain. Ancestral reproductive states were reconstructed
      with parsimony and maximum likelihood, and the results unequivocally support
      epigamy as the plesiomorphic reproductive mode in Syllidae, and that schizogamy
      in Syllinae and Autolytinae are separate events. The evolution of reproductive
      traits is ambiguous within Autolytinae, and either of the different reproductive
      modes could represent the ancestral state.

PMID- 13678680
TI  - Phylogeny of magpies (genus Pica) inferred from mtDNA data.
AB  - We investigated the phylogenetic relationships of species and subspecies of the
      cosmopolitan genus Pica using 813 bp of the mitochondrial genome (including
      portions of 16s rDNA, tRNA-Leu, and ND1). The phylogenetic relationships within
      the genus Pica revealed in our molecular analyses can be summarized as follows:
      (1). the Korean magpie (Pica pica sericea) appears basal within the genus Pica;
      (2). the European magpie (Pica pica pica) shows a close relationship to the
      Kamchatkan magpie (Pica pica camtschatica); (3). two North American species (Pica
      hudsonia and Pica nuttalli) shows a sister-group relationship; (4). most
      importantly, the European+Kamchatkan clade appears more closely related to the
      North American clade than to Korean magpies. Based on these results and genetic
      distance data, it is possible that members of an ancestral magpie lineage in East
      Asia initially moved north to form Kamchatkan magpies and then crossed the Bering
      land bridge to found North American taxa. At a later date, a group might have
      split off from Kamchatkan magpies and migrated west to form the Eurasian
      subspecies. The divergence between the two North American taxa appears to have
      happened no later than the divergence of Eurasian subspecies and both processes
      appear to have been relatively rapid. Rather than the formation of P. hudsonia by
      re-colonization from an Asian magpie ancestor, as suggested by, our data suggest
      a shared ancestry between P. hudsonia and P. nuttalli. Based on the above
      findings, including phylogenetic placement of P. hudsonia and P. nuttalli as
      nested within the larger Pica pica clade, and the lack of evidence suggesting
      reproductive isolation within the genus Pica, we believe that the current
      classification may be inaccurate. A more conservative classification would
      recognize one monophyletic species (i.e., P. pica) and treat P. nuttalli and P.
      hudsonia as subspecies (i.e., P. p. nuttalli and P. p. hudsonia). More extensive
      studies on the population genetics and biogeography of magpies should be
      conducted to better inform any taxonomic decisions.

PMID- 13678681
TI  - Phylogenetic relationships among 28 spirotrichous ciliates documented by rDNA.
AB  - The contiguous sequence of the SSU rDNA, ITS 1, 5.8S, ITS 2, and approximately
      1370 bp at the 5(') end of the LSU rDNA was determined in 25 stichotrichs, one
      oligotrich, and two hypotrichs. Maximum parsimony, neighbor-joining, and quartet
      puzzling analyses were used to construct individual phylogenetic trees for SSU
      rDNA, for LSU rDNA, and ITS 1+5.8S+ITS 2, as well as for all these components
      combined. All trees were similar, with the greatest resolution obtained with the
      combined components. Phylogenetic relationships were largely consistent with
      classical taxonomy, with notable disagreements. DNA sequences indicate that
      Oxytricha granulifera and Oxytricha longa are rather distantly related. The
      oligotrich, Halteria grandinella, is placed well within the order Stichotrichida.
      Uroleptus pisces and Uroleptus gallina probably belong to different genera.
      Holosticha polystylata (family Holostichidae) and Urostyla grandis (family
      Urostylidae) are rather closely related. These rDNA sequence analyses imply the
      need for some modifications of classical taxonomic schemes.

PMID- 13678682
TI  - RAG-1 sequences resolve phylogenetic relationships within Charadriiform birds.
AB  - The Charadriiformes is a large and diverse order of shorebirds currently
      classified into 19 families, including morphologically aberrant forms that are of
      uncertain phylogenetic placement within non-passerine birds in general. Recent
      attempts using morphological characters have failed to recover a well-supported
      phylogeny depicting higher level relationships within Charadriiformes and the
      limits to the order, primarily because of inconsistency and homoplasy in these
      data. Moreover, these trees are incongruent with the relationships presented in
      the DNA hybridization tapestry of, including the location of the root and the
      branching order of major clades within the shorebirds. To help clarify this
      systematic confusion we therefore sequenced the large RAG-1 nuclear exon (2850
      bp) from 36 species representing 17 families of shorebirds for which DNA was
      available. Trees built with maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood or Bayesian
      methods are topologically identical and fully resolved, with high support at
      basal nodes. This further attests to the phylogenetic utility of the RAG-1
      sequences at higher taxonomic levels within birds. The RAG-1 tree is
      topologically similar to the DNA hybridization tree in depicting three major
      subordinal clades of shorebirds, the Charadrii (thick-knees, sheathbills,
      plovers, oystercatchers, and allies), Scolopaci (sandpipers and jacanas) and the
      Lari (coursers, pratincoles, gulls, terns, skimmers, and skuas). However, the
      basal split in the RAG-1 tree is between Charadrii and (Scolopaci+Lari), whereas
      in the DNA hybridization tree Scolopaci is the sister group to the
      (Charadrii+Lari). Thus in both of these DNA-based trees the Alcidae (auks,
      murres, and allies) are not basal among shorebirds as hypothesized in
      morphological trees, but instead are placed as a tip clade within Lari. The
      enigmatic buttonquails (Turnicidae), variously hypothesized as being allied to
      either the Galliformes, Gruiformes, or Charadriiformes, are shown to be a basal
      lineage in the more conventional Lari clade. Divergence times estimated with rate
      smoothing methods and minimum time constraints imposed at nodes with key fossils
      suggest that Charadriiformes originated in Gondwanaland.

PMID- 13678683
TI  - New insights into polychaete phylogeny (Annelida) inferred from 18S rDNA
      sequences.
AB  - Annelid systematics and the ingroup relationships of polychaete annelids are
      matter of ongoing debates in recent analyses. For the investigation of sedentary
      polychaete relationships a molecular phylogenetic analysis was conducted based on
      94 sequences of 18S rDNA, including unpublished sequences of 13 polychaete
      species. The data set was analyzed with maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood
      methods, as wells as Bayesian inference. As in previous molecular analyses the
      monophyly of many traditional polychaete families is confirmed. No evidence has
      been found for a possible monophyly of Canalipalpata or Scolecida. In all
      analyses a placement of the Echiura as a derived polychaete ingroup with a close
      relationship to the Capitellidae is confirmed. The orbiniids appear paraphyletic
      with regard to Questa. Travisia is transferred from Opheliidae to
      Scalibregmatidae. The remaining opheliids include a yet undescribed ctenodrilid
      species from Elba, whereas the other investigated ctenodrilid Ctenodrilus
      serratus groups with the Cirratulidae and shows a close affinity to the
      cirratulid genus Dodecaceria. A common ancestry of Branchiomaldane and Arenicola,
      which has been predicted on morphological data, is confirmed by the analysis and
      a sistergroup relationship between Arenicolidae and Maldanidae is also recovered.
      These results support our assumption that on the basis of a broader taxon
      sampling the phylogenetic position of controversially discussed taxa can be
      inferred by using 18S rDNA sequence data.

PMID- 13678684
TI  - Molecular systematics of primary reptilian lineages and the tuatara mitochondrial
      genome.
AB  - We provide phylogenetic analyses for primary Reptilia lineages including, for the
      first time, Sphenodon punctatus (tuatara) using data from whole mitochondrial
      genomes. Our analyses firmly support a sister relationship between Sphenodon and
      Squamata, which includes lizards and snakes. Using Sphenodon as an outgroup for
      select squamates, we found evidence indicating a sister relationship, among our
      study taxa, between Serpentes (represented by Dinodon) and Varanidae. Our
      analyses support monophyly of Archosauria, and a sister relationship between
      turtles and archosaurs. This latter relationship is congruent with a growing set
      of morphological and molecular analyses placing turtles within crown Diapsida and
      recognizing them as secondarily anapsid (lacking a skull fenestration). Inclusion
      of Sphenodon, as the only surviving member of Sphenodontia (with fossils from the
      mid-Triassic), helps to fill a sampling gap within previous analyses of reptilian
      phylogeny. We also report a unique configuration for the mitochondrial genome of
      Sphenodon, including two tRNA(Lys) copies and an absence of ND5, tRNA(His), and
      tRNA(Thr) genes.

PMID- 13678685
TI  - Gene tree parsimony vs uninode coding for phylogenetic reconstruction.
AB  - have suggested that there are important weaknesses of gene tree parsimony in
      reconstructing phylogeny in the face of gene duplication, weaknesses that are
      addressed by method of uninode coding. Here, we discuss Simmons and
      Freudenstein's criticisms and suggest a number of reasons why gene tree parsimony
      is preferable to uninode coding. During this discussion we introduce a number of
      recent developments of gene tree parsimony methods overlooked by Simmons and
      Freudenstein. Finally, we present a re-analysis of data from that produces a more
      reasonable phylogeny than that found by Simmons and Freudenstein, suggesting that
      gene tree parsimony outperforms uninode coding, at least on these data.

PMID- 13678686
TI  - Molecular systematics of the Asian mitten crabs, genus Eriocheir (Crustacea:
      Brachyura).
AB  - To help resolve phylogenetic relationships among the mitten crabs, complete
      sequences of the nuclear DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and portions of
      the mitochondrial genome corresponding to the cytochrome oxidase I (COI), were
      sequenced for all Asian mitten crabs of the genus Eriocheir and seven species of
      the Grapsoidea. The resulting phylogeny supports the establishment of a separate
      genus Neoeriocheir, but does not provide justification for the recognition of
      Platyeriocheir. A female mitten crab specimen from the Zhujiang River, China, was
      considered to be Eriocheir recta (), a species previously synonymized with
      Eriocheir japonica (de Haan, 1835). In the ITS analysis, a sequence from
      Eriocheir formosa (from Taiwan) falls within a well-supported E. recta group,
      which indicates that E. formosa may have to be synonymized with E. recta. Three
      previously recognized members of the genus, E. japonica, Eriocheir sinensis, and
      Eriocheir hepuensis constitute a monophyletic sister group to E. recta in all
      phylogenetic trees. We provide evidence for the conspecific status of these taxa.
      Phylogenetic trees based on COI and combined COI and ITS sequences indicate that
      E. japonica consists of three subgroups. Since the name E. japonica (de Haan,
      1835) takes precedence over E. sinensis (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) and E.
      hepuensis, we suggest that these three subgroups correspond to three subspecies
      of E. japonica: E. j. japonica, E. j. sinensis, and E. j. hepuensis.

PMID- 13678687
TI  - A tree island approach to inferring phylogeny in the ant subfamily Formicinae,
      with especial reference to the evolution of weaving.
AB  - The ant subfamily Formicinae is a large assemblage (2458 species (J. Nat. Hist.
      29 (1995) 1037), including species that weave leaf nests together with larval
      silk and in which the metapleural gland-the ancestrally defining ant character
      has been secondarily lost. We used sequences from two mitochondrial genes
      (cytochrome b and cytochrome oxidase 2) from 18 formicine and 4 outgroup taxa to
      derive a robust phylogeny, employing a search for tree islands using 10000
      randomly constructed trees as starting points and deriving a maximum likelihood
      consensus tree from the ML tree and those not significantly different from it.
      Non-parametric bootstrapping showed that the ML consensus tree fit the data
      significantly better than three scenarios based on morphology, with that of
      Bolton (Identification Guide to the Ant Genera of the World, Harvard University
      Press, Cambridge, MA) being the best among these alternative trees. Trait mapping
      showed that weaving had arisen at least four times and possibly been lost once. A
      maximum likelihood analysis showed that loss of the metapleural gland is
      significantly associated with the weaver life-pattern. The graph of the
      frequencies with which trees were discovered versus their likelihood indicates
      that trees with high likelihoods have much larger basins of attraction than those
      with lower likelihoods. While this result indicates that single searches are more
      likely to find high- than low-likelihood tree islands, it also indicates that
      searching only for the single best tree may lose important information.

PMID- 13678688
TI  - Phylogeny of Neotropical oryzomyine rodents (Muridae: Sigmodontinae) based on the
      nuclear IRBP exon.
AB  - Sigmodontine rodents are the most diverse family-level mammalian clade in the
      Neotropical region, with about 70 genera and 320 recognized species. Partial
      sequences (1266 bp) from the first exon of the nuclear gene encoding the
      Interphotoreceptor Retinoid Binding Protein (IRBP) were used to infer the
      phylogenetic relationships among 44 species representing all 16 currently
      recognized genera of the largest sigmodontine tribe, the Oryzomyini. Monophyly of
      the tribe was assessed relative to 15 non-oryzomyine sigmodontine taxa
      representing all major sigmodontine lineages. Twelve taxa from seven muroid
      subfamilies were used as outgroups. The resulting matrix included 71 taxa and 386
      parsimony-informative characters. Phylogenetic analysis of this matrix resulted
      in 16 equally parsimonious cladograms, which contained the following well
      supported groups: (i). a monophyletic Oryzomyini, (ii). a clade containing all
      oryzomyines except Scolomys and Zygodontomys, (iii). a clade containing Oecomys,
      Handleyomys, and several species of forest-dwelling Oryzomys, and (iv). a clade
      containing the remaining oryzomyine taxa. The last clade is composed of two large
      subclades, each with lower nodal support, containing the following taxa: (i).
      Microryzomys, Oligoryzomys, Neacomys, and Oryzomys balneator; (ii). Holochilus,
      Lundomys, Pseudoryzomys, Nectomys, Amphinectomys, Sigmodontomys, and several
      species of open-vegetation or semiaquatic Oryzomys. Regarding relationships among
      non-oryzomyine taxa, sigmodontines, neotomines, and tylomyines do not form a
      monophyletic group; a clade containing Rheomys and Sigmodon is basal relative to
      all other sigmodontines; and the remaining sigmodontines are grouped in three
      clades: the first containing Thomasomyini, Akodontini, and Reithrodon; the second
      containing Abrothrichini, and Phyllotini, plus Wiedomys, Juliomys, Irenomys, and
      Delomys; and the third containing the oryzomyines. No conflict is observed
      between IRBP results and previous robust hypotheses from mitochondrial data,
      while a single case of incongruence is present between the IRBP topology and
      robust hypothesis from morphological studies.

PMID- 13678689
TI  - Inference of higher-order relationships in the cycads from a large chloroplast
      data set.
AB  - We investigated higher-order relationships in the cycads, an ancient group of
      seed-bearing plants, by examining a large portion of the chloroplast genome from
      seven species chosen to exemplify our current understanding of taxonomic
      diversity in the order. The regions considered span approximately 13.5 kb of
      unaligned data per taxon, and comprise a diverse range of coding sequences,
      introns and intergenic spacers dispersed throughout the plastid genome. Our
      results provide substantial support for most of the inferred backbone of cycad
      phylogeny, and weak evidence that the sister-group of the cycads among living
      seed plants is Ginkgo biloba. Cycas (representing Cycadaceae) is the sister-group
      of the remaining cycads; Dioon is part of the next most basal split. Two of the
      three commonly recognized families of cycads (Zamiaceae and Stangeriaceae) are
      not monophyletic; Stangeria is embedded within Zamiaceae, close to Zamia and
      Ceratozamia, and not closely allied to the other genus of Stangeriaceae, Bowenia.
      In contrast to the other seed plants, cycad chloroplast genomes share two
      features with Ginkgo: a reduced rate of evolution and an elevated
      transition:transversion ratio. We demonstrate that the latter aspect of their
      molecular evolution is unlikely to have affected inference of cycad relationships
      in the context of seed-plant wide analyses.

PMID- 13678690
TI  - Meroles revisited: complementary systematic inference from additional
      mitochondrial genes and complete taxon sampling of southern Africa's desert
      lizards.

PMID- 13678691
TI  - Evaluating health utility in patients with melanoma, breast cancer, colon cancer,
      and lung cancer: a nationwide, population-based assessment.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Understanding the quality of life and health utility for cancer
      survivors is important; however, little data are available-particularly for long
      term (>5 year) survivors. Using "health utility" scores as a proxy for quality of
      life may be advantageous because it is a single value. Utility scores range from
      1.0 (perfect health) to 0 (death), and have been shown to be a good numerical
      summary of overall quality of life. Using a validated instrument for health
      utility (HALex), we calculated and report the scores of four different surgical
      cancers at multiple periods of follow-up, ranging from <1 year to >5 years after
      diagnosis. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with either breast, colon, melanoma, or
      lung cancer were studied using the 1998 National Health Information Survey.
      Responses to several validated questions were collected and health utility scores
      were calculated. Different time periods were measured; acute (<1 year), short
      term (1-5 years), and long term (>5 years). Once a single health utility score
      was calculated, multivariate analyses were performed to identify important
      predictors of better versus worse health utility scores. RESULTS: The total
      sample size was 692 (breast 377, colon 169, melanoma 92, lung 54). Mean ages at
      diagnosis for the cancer groups were 56, 61, 52, and 60 years, respectively. The
      mean health utility scores in the acute period after diagnosis were: breast 0.62,
      colon 0.67, melanoma 0.73, and lung 0.42. In this acute period, the mean utility
      score for lung cancer survivors was statistically lower versus the others in the
      acute period (P < 0.001). Although variable trends were noted in the short-term
      period, all cancers demonstrated an increase in mean scores in the long-term
      period; the percent increases were: breast 15% (P = 0.01), colon 12%, melanoma
      7%, and lung 47%. Multivariate regression analyses identified important
      associations of health utility scores. Significant predictors of lower health
      utility included the presence of pain and the presence of co-existent diseases,
      most commonly joint problems, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. CONCLUSIONS:
      For four surgical cancers in three time periods after diagnosis, health utility
      scores were lowest immediately after treatment and improved over time. Long-term
      (>5 year) survivors had the highest scores. Additionally, our analyses show that
      a part of health utility in this cohort is determined by the presence of pain and
      co-existent diseases, which are often items that can be improved by quality
      clinical care.

PMID- 13678692
TI  - Pancreatic duct obstruction itself induces expression of alpha smooth muscle
      actin in pancreatic stellate cells.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are thought to be responsible for
      pancreatic fibrosis. Although fibrosis is a major characteristic of chronic
      pancreatitis (CP) induced by pancreatic duct obstruction, it is unclear whether
      pancreatic duct obstruction itself activates PSCs. METHODS: To test the
      hypothesis that pancreatic duct obstruction activates PSCs, clinical and
      experimental analyses were performed using alpha smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA)
      as a marker of their activation. In clinical analysis, surgical specimens from
      the patients with pancreatic cancer or cancer of the papilla Vater were
      classified into two groups with or without duct obstruction. alpha-SMA expression
      was examined on these specimens, and the difference between two groups was
      evaluated. In animal experiment, duct ligation-induced pancreatitis was developed
      in rats by ligating the secondary pancreatic duct in duodenal segment, and the
      expression of alpha-SMA was examined. RESULTS: In clinical analysis, the
      specimens from the pancreas with duct obstruction (14 cases) expressed alpha-SMA
      significantly stronger than those from the pancreas without duct obstruction (7
      cases). All specimens in the former expressed alpha-SMA, but 4 specimens from the
      latter did not at all (P < 0.05). In animal experiment, alpha-SMA expression was
      detected 7 days after the ligation and was increased on the 10th day.
      CONCLUSIONS: We can assume that pancreatic duct obstruction itself activates
      PSCs. This mechanism may play roles in the development of CP from multiple
      origins.

PMID- 13678693
TI  - Beneficial effects of intraluminal nitroglycerin in intestinal ischemia
      reperfusion injury in rats.
AB  - BACKGROUND: We examined the effects of intraluminal nitroglycerin (NTG) on
      various physiologic functions and intestinal pathology in intestinal ischemia
      reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Intraluminal NTG (0.15
      3.75 mg/kg) was administered at different doses and stages during the
      experimental disease, and intestinal permeability and histology, bile flow, and
      systemic hemodynamics were measured. RESULTS: Prophylactic intraluminal NTG
      treatment at 0.75 mg/kg, but not at 0.15 mg/kg, significantly attenuated the
      deleterious changes in intestinal barrier function and mucosal injury caused by
      IR. However, administration of NTG after ischemia was not effective, even up to
      3.75 mg/kg. In vitro intestinal NTG metabolism was significantly decreased
      following intestinal ischemia. Intraluminal NTG at 0.75 mg/kg significantly
      attenuated the reduction in bile flow that accompanied IR. Reperfusion induced a
      precipitous and sustained decrease in mean arterial pressure, which was blunted
      by intraluminal NTG. CONCLUSIONS: Intraluminal NTG produced several beneficial
      local and systemic effects in a rat model of intestinal IR. In this disease
      model, 0.75 mg/kg intraluminal NTG did not exacerbate, but rather reduced, the
      hypotensive effects induced by IR.

PMID- 13678694
TI  - The role of a putative microfibrillar protein (80 kDa) in abdominal aortic
      aneurysm disease.
AB  - BACKGROUND: We previously have reported the partial amino acid sequence of a
      putative aortic autoantigen in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)
      disease that has homologies with an elastin-associated microfibrillar protein
      found in aorta of pigs. This study was conducted to further define the role that
      microfibrillar proteins may play as autoantigens in AAA disease. MATERIALS AND
      METHODS: An extraction procedure was performed on AAA tissue using high
      concentrations of guanidinium hydrochloride (GuHCl) under reducing conditions.
      The microfibrillar extract was then probed with immunoglobulin (Ig) G isolated
      with Protein A from phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) extracts of 10 AAA specimens
      and 6 atherosclerotic, nonaneurysmal aortas. Immunoblotting was also performed
      with serum IgG from 9 AAA patients and 9 normal control patients.
      Immunohistochemistry using goat anti-human IgG (Fc-specific) on AAA tissue and
      AAA wall IgG on normal aorta were also performed. RESULTS: Eight of 10 AAA wall
      IgG reacted with an 80-kDa protein from the aortic microfibrillar extract,
      compared to 0 out of 6 atherosclerotic wall IgG (P = 0.0035, Fischer's Exact
      Test). Staining of the 80-kDa band appeared to increase with progressive
      additions of GuHCl, up to extract SKGCGC. Immunoblotting using serum IgG from 9
      AAA patients and 9 normal control patients on the aneurysm microfibrillar
      extracts revealed no reactive bands. Immunohistochemistry using IgG from AAA wall
      showed the localization of the antibodies to the adventitial connective tissue
      matrix, mainly collagen fibers. CONCLUSIONS: These observations suggest that a
      collagen-associated protein, extractable by a microfibrillar extraction procedure
      from aortic aneurysm tissue, may be among the targets of an autoimmune response
      in AAA disease.

PMID- 13678695
TI  - A surgeon's guide to herbal supplements.
AB  - The use of herbal supplements has steadily increased in the United States over
      the last decade. Despite the increased awareness of alternative therapies by the
      government and lay public, many physicians do not ask their patients about their
      use of these alternative medications. In addition, many physicians are unaware of
      the possible side effects that may occur when a patient consumes these
      substances. Considering a number of these supplements have been associated with
      adverse reactions in the perioperative period, it is important for a surgeon to
      understand all of the herbs a patient may be taking. The purpose of this article
      is to discuss the growing trend of herbal use among surgical patients and give
      the reader some background on the most commonly used herbs.

PMID- 13678696
TI  - Anticoagulant potential of an antibody against factor VII.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Hypercoagulability often resulting from sepsis, trauma, and other
      conditions is widely associated with thrombotic and cardiovascular disorders. The
      development of effective and safe anticoagulation is in great demand to relieve
      complications and improve human health. OBJECTIVE: We study the anticoagulant
      potential of a polyclonal antibody to human FVII (anti-hFVII Ab). METHODS AND
      RESULTS: Preincubating FVII with anti-hFVII Ab, we showed the significantly
      blocked tissue factor (TF)-dependent FVII activation monitored by a two-stage
      chromogenic assay. Consistently, the antibody depressed TF/FVII-catalyzed FX
      activation was shown on Western blotting analysis. As a result, TF procoagulation
      derived from rabbit brain thromboplastin was prolonged significantly by the
      preincubation of human normal plasma with the antibody, which mimicked FVII
      deficient plasma in a single-stage clotting assay. In contrast, the anti-hFVII Ab
      had no effect on either FVIIa amidolytic activity or TF/FVIIa binary complex.
      CONCLUSIONS: Anti-hFVII Ab readily blocked clot formation, which was mediated by
      the upstream downregulation of the extrinsic coagulation of inhibiting FVII
      activation. Further research warrants establishing its in vivo application as an
      anticoagulant.

PMID- 13678697
TI  - Intracellular survival of Staphylococcus aureus within cultured enterocytes.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Little is known about the mechanisms involved in bacterial
      translocation from the intestinal lumen to extraintestinal sites. Because
      Staphylococcus aureus can colonize the intestinal tract, and because the
      intestinal tract is a reservoir for antibiotic resistant S. aureus, experiments
      were designed to clarify the interactions of S. aureus with cultured intestinal
      epithelial cells, and assays included measurements of bacterial internalization,
      enterocyte apoptosis, and epithelial barrier function. METHODS AND RESULTS:
      Mature, confluent enterocytes were incubated 1 h with S. aureus, and the
      gentamicin protection assay was used to quantify intracellular bacterial survival
      at various time intervals up to 120 h later. Enterocyte apoptosis was assessed
      using Annexin V, and the permeability of confluent enterocyte cultures was
      measured by transepithelial electrical resistance and by transmigration of
      Escherichia coli across confluent enterocytes.S. aureus was internalized by
      cultured enterocytes and remained viable for up to 120 h within both HT-29 and
      Caco-2 enterocytes. S. aureus intracellular survival was associated with
      enterocyte apoptosis and with decreased transepithelial electrical resistance
      across confluent Caco-2 enterocytes. S. aureus intracellular survival over time
      was also associated with increased E. coli transmigration across confluent Caco
      2, but not HT-29, enterocytes. CONCLUSIONS: S. aureus appeared to survive within
      cultured enterocytes for prolonged time periods, up to several days. Survival of
      S. aureus within host eukaryotic cells, such as enterocytes, might facilitate
      persistence of S. aureus in infected tissue despite appropriate antibiotic
      therapy.

PMID- 13678698
TI  - Hospital volume and surgical outcomes for elderly patients with colorectal cancer
      in the United States.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Recent emphasis has been placed on the quality of surgical care in
      the United States. As such, patients, providers, and payers are increasingly
      aware of the outcomes of surgical care as a marker of quality. The objective of
      this study was to determine the impact of hospital volume on mortality for
      patients of different age groups to determine whether elderly patients would
      derive more benefit from selective referral policies. METHODS: Data from the
      Nationwide Inpatient Sample for all patients undergoing surgery for colorectal
      cancer during 1997 were obtained (N = 20,862). Differences in mortality
      associated with increasing age and hospital volume quartiles were determined.
      Risk-adjusted analyses of mortality were performed using multiple logistic
      regression. RESULTS: The overall mortality rate was 3.1% for the 842 hospitals
      included. Patient age breakdown was the following: age <50, 7%; age 50 to 64,
      19%; age 65 to 80, 51%; and age >80, 22%. Increasing age was associated with
      higher mortality rates: age <50, 0.8%; age 51 to 65, 1.3%; age 66 to 80, 2.9%;
      and >80, 6.9%. Overall, the highest volume hospitals (HVH) (>150/year) had lower
      mortality than the lowest volume hospitals (LVH) (<55/year) (2.5% vs. 3.7%; P =
      0.006). However, the effect of volume on mortality was primarily due to
      differences in older patients. For patients greater than 65 years old, the
      mortality rate was 3.1% at HVH and 4.5% at LVH (P = 0.03). For patients greater
      than 80 years old, the mortality rate was 4.6% at HVH and 7.3% at LVH (P = 0.04).
      The results were unchanged after adjustment for patient demographics, comorbid
      disease, site of cancer, and type of resection. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of
      deaths after surgery for colorectal cancer occur in older patients. Hospitals
      that perform higher volumes of colorectal resection have lower mortality rates,
      especially for older patients. In the absence of other information about the
      quality of surgical care, provider volumes are a useful marker of postoperative
      outcomes for older patients in need of surgery for colorectal cancer.

PMID- 13678699
TI  - Intraoperative total serum calcium levels, unlike intraoperative intact PTH
      levels, do not correlate with cure of hyperparathyroidism.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Intraoperative intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) monitoring is useful
      in the operative management of hyperparathyroidism. Recent studies suggest that
      measurement of intraoperative total serum calcium (TSC) levels may be a more cost
      effective and readily available method of intraoperative guidance during neck
      dissection than iPTH levels, the gold standard. We compared the accuracy of
      intraoperative TSC to iPTH in predicting surgical cure during parathyroidectomy.
      PATIENTS AND METHODS: From September 1, 2001 to October 31, 2002, 88
      parathyroidectomies were performed. iPTH and TSC were measured at the start of
      the operation, and at 5 and 10 min after gland removal. Data were compared, and
      trends were analyzed with respect to removal of abnormal parathyroid tissue as
      confirmed by pathology. One-way analysis of variance was used to determine if
      decreases in TSC were significant. RESULTS: The mean baseline iPTH level (418 +/-
      610 pg/ml) dropped by 70% 5 min after removal of the abnormal glands (86 +/- 102
      pg/ml) and by 85% at 10 min (39 +/- 39 pg/ml). The mean baseline TSC level (10.0
      +/- 0.8 mg/dl) dropped by 4% at 5 min after removal of the abnormal glands (9.6
      +/- 0.9 mg/dl) and remained at 4% at 10 min (9.6 +/- 0.8 mg/dl). iPTH dropped by
      > or =50% in 73 patients (83%) at 5 min and in 87 patients (99%) at 10 min after
      gland resection. TSC decreased below baseline at 5 min and remained below
      baseline at 10 min in only 47 patients (54%). In the remaining patients,
      intraoperative TSC changes were less predictable and did not respond consistently
      to resection of abnormal glands. CONCLUSIONS: The decreases in TSC during
      parathyroidectomy, if present, are minimal. Unlike iPTH levels, TSC levels do not
      consistently decrease at 5 and 10 min after gland resection. While attractive in
      terms of cost and availability, intraoperative TSC levels are not clinically
      reliable in confirming removal of abnormal parathyroid tissue.

PMID- 13678700
TI  - Therapeutic significance of Y-27632, a Rho-kinase inhibitor, on the established
      liver fibrosis.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Recently, we demonstrated that Y-27632, a Rho-kinase inhibitor,
      inhibited hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation in terms of cellular
      morphology, improved the progression of carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced rat
      liver fibrosis. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects
      of Y-27632 on the established liver fibrosis. METHODS AND METHODS: Liver
      cirrhosis was induced by intragastric administration of CCl(4) once a week for 12
      weeks. After the first 6 weeks of CCl(4) injection, Y-27632 (30 mg/kg body
      weight) or saline was continuously administered to the rats via an
      intraperitoneally implanted osmotic pump during the final 6 weeks of CCl(4)
      injection. Two days after the last CCl(4) injection, 70% hepatectomy was
      performed. RESULTS: Y-27632 prevented the development of CCl(4)-induced liver
      fibrosis and improved the fibrotic changes, hydroxyproline content, and serum
      hyaluronic acid level in the liver. Moreover, Y-27632 reduced the number of
      smooth muscle alpha-actin- and transforming growth factor beta1-positive cells,
      and inhibited the expression of Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger mRNA which was reported to
      be an indicator of HSCs activation and liver fibrosis. Further, the Y-27632
      treated group showed markedly increased survival rate after hepatectomy.
      CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicated that Y-27632 may be useful therapeutically
      in liver cirrhosis.

PMID- 13678701
TI  - [D-Ala2, D-Leu5] enkephalin (DADLE) protects liver against ischemia-reperfusion
      injury in the rat.
AB  - BACKGROUND: [D-Ala(2), D-Leu(5)] enkephalin (DADLE) is a synthetic delta class of
      opioid and is reported to induce hibernation as well as hibernation induction
      trigger (HIT) in the serum of hibernating mammals. DADLE and HIT have been
      demonstrated to protect the heart, lung, and jejunum against ischemia-reperfusion
      (I-R) injury. In the present study, we examined the effect of DADLE on I-R injury
      of the liver in rats. METHODS: After administration of DADLE (DADLE group) or
      normal saline as a vehicle (Control group), partial hepatic ischemia was induced
      by occluding the vessels supplying 92% of the liver for 45 min, followed by
      declamping the vessels and resection of the non-ischemic lobe. After 120 min of
      reperfusion, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT), hyaluronic acid (HA)
      levels, and concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) of the liver tissue were
      measured. Additionally, bile output from the ischemic lobes was measured after
      reperfusion. RESULTS: GPT levels were significantly lower in the DADLE group as
      compared to those of the Control group (P < 0.05), but the serum levels of HA
      were not different between the two groups. The concentrations of MDA of the liver
      tissue were significantly lower in the DADLE group than in the Control group (P <
      0.01). The bile output after reperfusion was not significantly different between
      the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: DADLE protects against I-R injury in hepatocytes,
      but not in the sinusoidal endothelial cells of the liver in rats. An anti
      oxidative effect is suggested to be responsible for this effect.

PMID- 13678702
TI  - Intestinal graft versus native liver cytokine expression in a rat model of
      intestinal transplantation with and without donor-specific cell augmentation.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Immunomodulatory strategies such as donor-specific bone marrow or
      blood transfusions have been used to promote engraftment after intestinal
      transplants. We previously showed that delivery of donor antigen via the portal
      vein can effectively reduce the rate of intestinal graft rejection. The purpose
      of our current study was to investigate the impact of donor-specific cell
      augmentation (blood versus bone marrow) via the portal vein on cytokine
      expression in intestinal grafts versus native livers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We
      performed heterotopic small intestinal transplants between male Brown-Norway
      (donor) and female Lewis (recipient) rats. We studied 10 groups according to the
      type of donor-specific cell augmentation and the use and dose of
      immunosuppressive therapy. For cell augmentation, donor-specific blood or bone
      marrow was transfused via the donor portal vein immediately before graft
      implantation. For immunosuppression, tacrolimus was used post-transplant at a
      high or low dose. Control rats received neither immunosuppression nor cell
      augmentation. Tissue samples for histological assessment were obtained at
      designated time points. RNA was extracted from intestinal graft and native liver
      biopsies for cytokine measurements (IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL
      6, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and TNF-beta). Chimerism levels were determined using Q
      PCR analysis. RESULTS: Without concurrent immunosuppression, neither portal donor
      specific blood nor bone marrow transfusion reduced the rate of rejection. With
      immunosuppression, outcome was significantly better after portal donor-specific
      blood (versus bone marrow) transfusion. Irrespective of the type of donor
      specific cell augmentation, severe rejection caused strong cytokine expression in
      the grafts of IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha; in the native
      livers, mainly of TNF-alpha (with IFN-gamma showing hardly any increase). In
      general, rejection caused stronger cytokine expression in the grafts than in the
      native livers. Mild rejection correlated well with strong intragraft expression
      of IL-6, TNF-alpha, and TNF-beta (early rejection markers); severe rejection with
      IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha (late rejection markers). In
      addition to cell augmentation per se, the type of cell augmentation also had an
      impact on cytokine expression in both grafts and native livers. Cell-augmented
      (versus tacrolimus-treated) rats showed hardly any differences in intragraft
      cytokine expression, but the expression of almost all cytokines was significantly
      stronger in the native livers. With immunosuppression, bone marrow infusion
      increased intragraft cytokine expression of IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IFN-gamma, and
      TNF alpha, as well as liver cytokine expression of IL-1 beta, compared to blood
      transfusion. This finding reflected the more advanced rejection stages in the
      bone marrow infused group; different types of donor-specific cell augmentation
      had similar effects on liver cytokine expression. In the absence of myoablative
      therapy, chimerism levels were low, in both cell-augmented and non-cell-augmented
      groups. CONCLUSIONS: Rejection and donor-specific cell augmentation independently
      causes differences in intragraft versus native liver cytokine expression after
      intestinal transplants. Portal donor-specific blood transfusion, as compared with
      donor-specific bone marrow infusion, lowered the incidence of rejection and
      diminished intragraft cytokine up-regulation.

PMID- 13678703
TI  - Circulating alpha-2-macroglobulin levels and depression scores in patients who
      underwent abdominal cancer surgery.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Although depression is a predominant health care problem, it is
      difficult to diagnose in patients who underwent abdominal cancer surgery.
      Relevance of elevated levels of serum of alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M) to
      psychological depression has been recently suggested. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Serum
      A2M levels were measured and depression scores were determined by the Hospital
      Anxiety and Depression Scale before and 1 year after abdominal cancer surgery in
      45 patients. RESULTS: Serum levels of A2M and depression scores were
      significantly (P = 0.0006, P = 0.0045, respectively) increased after total
      gastrectomy compared with preoperative values, whereas there was no interval
      change in both measurements of patients having colorectal resection. Of the
      patients who had undergone distal or total gastrectomy for gastric cancer, serum
      A2M concentrations in a depressed group were significantly higher (P = 0.028)
      than those in non-depressed group. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with total gastrectomy
      are predisposed to depression, and circulating A2M elevation may be implicated in
      the development of postoperative depression in these patients.

PMID- 13678704
TI  - Peptide YY exhibits a mitogenic effect on pancreatic cells while improving acute
      pancreatitis in vitro.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Peptide YY (PYY), a gastrointestinal regulatory peptide, improves
      survival and histologic parameters in animal models of acute pancreatitis. Its
      effects on pancreatic cell growth and acute pancreatitis in pancreatic acinar and
      ductal cells are unknown. We hypothesized that PYY would affect cell growth and
      attenuate acute pancreatitis in pancreatic acinar and ductal cells in vitro.
      METHODS: Rat pancreatic acinar and ductal cells were cultured in the presence of
      1) cerulein, a synthetic cholecystokinin analog that induces pancreatitis, 2)
      PYY, or 3) a combination group pretreated with PYY prior to addition of cerulein.
      Cell survival was measured at 48 h using MTT assay. Amylase secretion, as marker
      for pancreatitis, was measured at 48 h using an amylase activity assay.
      Statistical significance was calculated using analysis of variance and the
      Student's t test. RESULTS: Peptide yy significantly increased cell growth and
      decreased amylase secretion compared with control and cerulein groups.
      Pretreatment with PYY significantly protected against the pancreatitis effects of
      cerulein. CONCLUSIONS: We have shown for the first time that PYY has a mitogenic
      effect on pancreatic acinar and ductal cells in vitro. In addition, it directly
      protects against cerulein-induced pancreatitis. Its potential therapeutic benefit
      in acute pancreatitis would therefore be twofold: amelioration of the
      inflammatory process, and augmenting growth of normal pancreas to replace
      necrotic or apoptotic cell loss.

PMID- 13678705
TI  - Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) conversion of L-arginine to nitric
      oxide (NO) decreases low density mononuclear cell (LD MNC) trans-endothelial
      migration and cytokine output.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Biochemical, molecular, and cellular events at the micro-vascular
      endothelial interface determine the integrity of the vascular system. Disruption
      of these events has been described to occur in accordance with
      ischemic/reperfusion injury leading to inflammation, cell adhesion, and
      endothelial permeability changes. It has also been suggested that nitric oxide
      (NO) participates in these events. However, the manner in which it does is
      debated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exogenous L
      arginine, an NO precursor, and L-N (G) nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a
      nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, upon inflammatory events at the
      endothelial interface. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fresh cultures of human umbilical
      vein endothelial cells were established and used to seed Transwell chemotaxic
      chambers, and then grown to confluence. Whole blood was obtained from the same
      healthy volunteer and processed for light density mononuclear cells. Following
      per-stimulation of the endothelial monolayer with IL-1beta or antigen-antibody
      complex, known numbers of mononuclear cells were seeded to the endothelium.
      Incubation with and without exogenous L-arginine or L-NAME for 48 h was done.
      Lower chamber supernatant was then collected, cell numbers and viability
      determined and levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and INF-lambda
      determined via ELISA assay. RESULTS: Tran-endothelial cellular migration was nil
      lacking pre-stimulation, regardless of the addition of exogenous L-arginine. With
      pre-stimulation trans-endothelial migration increased significantly, a response
      that was greatly enhanced by L-arginine. With the further addition of L-NAME
      cellular migration decreased substantially. Pro-inflammatory cytokine levels of
      TNF-alpha and INF-lambda followed levels of cellular migration. CONCLUSIONS: In
      vitro there was little to no trans-endothelial migration of inflammatory cells
      across an unstimulated monolayer of vascular endothelium. Pre-stimulation of the
      same endothelial monolayer with either a cytokine or antigen-antibody complex
      resulted in a significant trans-endothelial migration of inflammatory cells. This
      latter response was associated with a concurrent increase in the secretion of the
      pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and INF-gamma. The presence of the NO
      precursor L-arginine greatly enhanced the observed inflammatory response.
      Conversely, L-NAME, an inhibitor of NOS, depressed the inflammatory response.

PMID- 13678706
TI  - Infection density of Wolbachia and level of cytoplasmic incompatibility in the
      Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella.
AB  - Wolbachia, a causative agent of various reproductive changes in arthropods,
      induces cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) in the Mediterranean flour moth,
      Ephestia kuehniella. Two strains of E. kuehniella, Yokohama and Tsuchiura, harbor
      closely related Wolbachia, but the Yokohama strain expresses stronger CI than the
      Tsuchiura strain. A transinfected E. kuehniella strain that harbors the Wolbachia
      derived from the almond moth Cadra cautella, expresses weak CI at a similar level
      to the Tsuchiura strain. In the present study, we measured the Wolbachia density
      in the testis of the three E. kuehniella strains in order to examine the effects
      of bacterial strain and infection load on the expression of CI. When individuals
      of the same strain were compared, a correlation of bacterial density to CI level
      was observed. In addition, the Wolbachia density was higher in the Yokohama
      strain than the Tsuchiura strain in agreement with the CI levels expressed.
      However, this relationship did not hold in the comparison between the naturally
      infected and transinfected strains that carried phylogenetically distant
      Wolbachia.

PMID- 13678707
TI  - Characterization of a new densovirus infecting the green peach aphid Myzus
      persicae.
AB  - A new icosahedral DNA virus was isolated from aphids (Myzus persicae) that showed
      abnormal growth and development. The purified virus particles have a diameter of
      20 nm and contain a single-stranded DNA molecule of approximately 5.7 kb. The
      viral particles are composed of five structural proteins (92, 85, 68, 64, and 57
      kDa). As the main biophysical properties of this virus are similar to those of
      the members of the genus Densovirus it was tentatively named Myzus persicae
      densovirus (MpDNV). A PCR-based detection method and a polyclonal antiserum
      raised against MpDNV allowed the detection of the virus in a single-infected
      aphid. MpDNV is immunologically related to Junonia coenia densovirus, but not to
      other members of the subfamily Densovirinae. Biological assays showed that MpDNV
      could be both transmitted transovarially and horizontally via honeydew and
      saliva. MpDNV was able to infect whiteflies but not other aphid species tested.

PMID- 13678708
TI  - The effect of application time and soil factors on the occurrence of Beauveria
      brongniartii applied as a biological control agent in soil.
AB  - The effects of abiotic and biotic soil factors on occurrence of the
      entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria brongniartii after application at different
      times of the year were examined in Switzerland. Applications made from May to
      August generally resulted in an increase of 1-5 x 10(3) CFU g(-1) dry soil
      compared to untreated control plots. Conversely, soils treated in October and
      November yielded no increase. Soil temperatures between 20 and 25 degrees C, and
      high clay content of the soil had a positive effect on the occurrence and density
      of B. brongniartii whereas increased catalase activity and temperatures above 27
      degrees C had a negative influence. Laboratory experiments revealed that a higher
      number of CFUs developed after one month of incubation at 22 degrees C than at 12
      degrees C. Differences were not detected after three months of incubation,
      indicating that growth rate was simply slower at sub-optimal temperatures. The
      increase was different in three native soils, but was not correlated with
      different clay contents of the soil. In sterilized soil, though, the differences
      were not detected, suggesting that biotic factors have a greater influence rather
      than soil texture.

PMID- 13678709
TI  - The potential of virulent Wolbachia to modulate disease transmission by insects.
AB  - A virulent strain of Wolbachia has recently been identified in Drosophila that
      drastically reduces adult lifespan. It has been proposed that this phenotype
      might be introduced into insect disease vector populations to reduce pathogen
      transmission. Here we model the requirements for spread of such an agent and the
      associated reduction in disease transmission. First, a simulation of mosquito
      population age structure was used to describe the age distribution of mosquitoes
      transmitting dengue virus. Second, given varying levels of cytoplasmic
      incompatibility and fecundity effect, the maximum possible longevity reduction
      that would allow Wolbachia to invade was obtained. Finally, the two models were
      combined to estimate the reduction in disease transmission according to different
      introduction frequencies. With strong CI and limited effect of fecundity, an
      introduction of Wolbachia with an initial frequency of 0.4 could result in a 60
      80% reduction of transmitting mosquitoes. Greater reductions are possible at
      higher initial release rates.

PMID- 13678710
TI  - An improved baculovirus insecticide producing occlusion bodies that contain
      Bacillus thuringiensis insect toxin.
AB  - Baculovirus occlusion bodies, large proteinaceous structures which contain
      virions, have recently been engineered to incorporate foreign proteins. The major
      constituent protein of occlusion bodies from the baculovirus Autographa
      californica nucleopolyhedrovirus is polyhedrin, and assembly of recombinant
      occlusion bodies which incorporate a foreign protein depends on an interaction
      between native polyhedrin and a polyhedrin-foreign protein fusion. This
      technology has now been applied to the generation of a recombinant baculovirus
      (ColorBtrus) that produces occlusion bodies incorporating the Bacillus
      thuringiensis (Bt) insecticidal Cry1Ac toxin protein. ColorBtrus coexpresses
      native polyhedrin and a fusion protein in which polyhedrin is fused to the Bt
      toxin, which is in turn fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP). Analysis of
      ColorBtrus occlusion bodies confirmed that they include both Bt toxin and GFP,
      yet still incorporate virions. Bioassay of ColorBtrus demonstrated that its speed
      of action and pathogenicity are strikingly enhanced compared to wild-type virus.
      ColorBtrus represents a novel, powerful biological insecticide that combines
      positive attributes of both Bt toxin and baculovirus based systems.

PMID- 13678711
TI  - Effects of virulence, sporulation, and temperature on Metarhizium anisopliae and
      Beauveria bassiana laboratory transmission in Coptotermes formosanus.
AB  - Sporulation characteristics and virulence of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria
      bassiana were examined in relation to laboratory transmission in Coptotermes
      formosanus. Fungal isolates significantly affected disease prevalence in termite
      populations. Sporulation of M. anisopliae played a more important role than
      virulence in producing epizootics within small groups of termites, but this was
      not the case for B. bassiana. Isolates characterized by quick sporulation (day 2
      after death) did not exhibit better transmission in termites than those with high
      total sporulation (day 11 after death) in either fungal species. An isolate of M.
      anisopliae ranking highly in all three categories (virulence, quick sporulation,
      and total sporulation) produced better epizootics than an isolate that was
      inferior in all three characteristics. High temperatures (35 degrees C)
      significantly reduced fungal germination rates, leading to significant reduction
      of epizootics. M. anisopliae was better than B. bassiana in producing epizootics
      at 27 degrees C. Thus, fungal characteristics other than virulence should be
      considered for the seasonal colonization approach to termite microbial control.

PMID- 13678712
TI  - Susceptibility of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus larvae to Ascogregarina
      culicis and Ascogregarina taiwanensis (Apicomplexa: Lecudinidae) from Florida.
AB  - The susceptibility of Aedes aegypti to Ascogregarina culicis and Aedes albopictus
      to Ascogregarina taiwanensis was examined with mosquito and parasite strains from
      Tampa, FL. When each host was bioassayed with its natural gregarine, the
      infection intensity indicated that Ae. aegypti was 59% more susceptible to A.
      culicis (87 gamonts/larva) than Ae. albopictus to A. taiwanensis (47
      gamonts/larva). Infections in single and mixed host populations exposed to 100
      oocysts/larva of one and both parasites demonstrated that Ae. aegypti harbors
      higher A. culicis gamont loads than Ae. albopictus of A. taiwanensis. In dual
      gregarine exposures of single host populations, the A. culicis infection
      intensity in Ae. aegypti was reduced by approximately 50%. A. taiwanensis
      exhibited the same capability of infecting Ae. albopictus in single and dual
      exposures. In mixed host populations there were no cross infections, but A.
      taiwanensis in Ae. albopictus produced an infection intensity of approximately
      70% lower than that of A. culicis in Ae. aegypti.

PMID- 13678713
TI  - Effects of Nosema bombi and its treatment fumagillin on bumble bee (Bombus
      occidentalis) colonies.
AB  - We examined the effects of Nosema bombi (Microsporidia: Nosematidae) on colonies
      of bumble bees, Bombus occidentalis Greene (Hymenoptera: Apidae), used to
      pollinate tomatoes in commercial greenhouses. We assessed methods of detecting N.
      bombi and tested the effectiveness of fumagillin to control this parasite. N.
      bombi did not affect adult population size or amount of brood in B. occidentalis
      colonies. Fumagillin was not effective against N. bombi at the doses we tested,
      and frass samples did not provide accurate estimates of the intensity of N. bombi
      infections. The number of N. bombi spores per bee was highly variable among
      bumble bees within colonies, and accurate estimates could only be obtained by
      sampling a large proportion of bees in each colony. Therefore, whole bee and
      frass sampling is useful for determining if N. bombi is present or absent, but
      not for obtaining accurate estimates of the intensity of N. bombi infections.

PMID- 13678714
TI  - A newly discovered baculovirus induces reflex bleeding in the butterfly
      Heliconius himera (Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae).

PMID- 13678715
TI  - Preliminary observations on nematode parasites of phlebotomine sandflies in
      Pakistan. Communication II.

PMID- 13678716
TI  - Laparoscopic lymphadenectomy and laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy.

PMID- 13678717
TI  - Laparoscopic-assisted radical vaginal hysterectomy (LARVH): prospective
      evaluation of 200 patients with cervical cancer.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the survival of cervical
      cancer patients treated with laparoscopically assisted radical vaginal
      hysterectomy (LARVH). We quantify morbidity and correlate survival with known
      risk factors. METHODS: Between August 1994 and June 2002, 200 patients with
      cervical cancer (TNM stage 1a1, L1 n = 6, 1a2 n = 21, 1b1 n = 89, 1b2 n = 26, 2a
      n = 11, 2b n = 45, 3a n = 1, 4 n = 1; squamous cell carcinoma 76.5%,
      adenocarcinoma 23.5%) were treated with LARVH (type II n = 102, type III n = 98).
      RESULTS: Paraaortic lymphadenectomy was performed in 170 (85%) patients and
      pelvic lymphadenectomy was performed in all 200 patients. In 26 (13%) patients
      positive lymph nodes were found. Major intraoperative injuries occurred in 6% of
      patients. Postoperative complications occurred in 8% of patients. Incidence of
      complications decreased significantly when comparing the first half with the
      second half of patients. After a median follow-up time of 40 months, overall 5
      year survival could be projected to 83%; 18.5% of patients experienced recurrence
      with 35% exclusively extrapelvic and 11% of patients died of recurrence.
      Independent prognostic factors for recurrence-free survival were tumor stage,
      lymph node status, and combined involvement of lymphovascular and angiovascular
      space. In the absence of these risk factors projected 5-year survival was 98%.
      CONCLUSION: Patients with tumor <4 cm, negative lymph nodes, and the absence of
      the combination of angio- and lymphovascular space involvement can be identified
      by laparoscopic staging and are ideal candidates for LARVH.

PMID- 13678718
TI  - Expression of HOX gene products in normal and abnormal trophoblastic tissue.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The expression pattern of three homeobox genes products, HOX A11, HOX
      B6, and HOX C6, was examined in normal human placental tissue and abnormal
      trophoblastic tissue derived from complete hydatidiform moles and choriocarcinoma
      tumors. We sought to determine whether expression of these gene products during
      different states of trophoblastic differentiation and proliferation is constant
      or demonstrates variation. Variation in expression of these respective homeobox
      genes may provide insight into predicting which molar tissues are likely to
      develop into choriocarcinoma tumors. METHODS: Tissue sections from a total of 12
      samples were studied. Among these, six full-term human placentas, three complete
      hydatidiform moles, and three choriocarcinoma tumors were examined for expression
      of the homeobox HOX A11, HOX B6, and HOX C6 gene products, using
      immunohistochemistry staining methods. RESULTS: Expression of HOX homeobox gene
      products, HOX A11, HOX B6, and HOX C6, was detected in full-term human placenta
      and tissue from complete hydatiform moles. Abnormal trophoblasts from complete
      moles demonstrated an immunoreactivity expression pattern comparable to that of
      normal trophoblasts from term pregnancies. However, definitive expression of
      these respective homeobox genes was not identified in tissue obtained from
      choriocarcinoma tumors. CONCLUSION: Variation in expression of HOX homeobox gene
      products, HOX A11, HOX B6, and HOX C6, was established in trophoblast tissue
      obtained from full-term human placentas, complete hydatiform moles, and
      choriocarcinoma tumors. This finding indicates that normal full-term trophoblasts
      and abnormal molar trophoblasts may share similar fundamental regulatory control
      mechanisms. The absence of definitive expression of these HOX gene products in
      trophoblastic cells derived from choriocarcinoma tumors indicates that while HOX
      A11, HOX B6, and HOX C6 genes may be involved in maintenance of some
      trophoblastic cell states, they may be either downregulated or have alterations
      in their expression in trophoblasts from choriocarcinoma tumors.

PMID- 13678719
TI  - Clinically occult recurrent ovarian cancer: patient selection for secondary
      cytoreductive surgery using combined PET/CT.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of combined positron
      emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for identifying ovarian cancer
      tumor masses > or =1 cm in patients with clinically occult recurrent disease by
      conventional CT imaging. METHODS: Twenty-two patients with epithelial ovarian
      cancer, rising serum CA125 levels, and negative or equivocal conventional CT
      imaging > or =6 months after primary therapy underwent combined PET/CT imaging
      followed by surgical reassessment. Fisher's exact test was used to measure the
      ability of PET/CT to predict macroscopic disease > or =1 cm. RESULTS: The median
      patient age was 55 years, and 91% of patients had FIGO Stage IIIC/IV disease. The
      median increase in serum CA125 was 24 U/ml (range 10 to 330 U/ml). Conventional
      CT was reported as negative (n = 15) or equivocal (n = 7) in all cases. Eighteen
      patients were ultimately found to harbor recurrent ovarian cancer measuring > or
      =1 cm at the time of surgery, with a median maximal tumor diameter of 2.3 cm
      (range 1.5 to 3.2 cm). The overall patient-based accuracy of PET/CT in detecting
      recurrent disease > or =1 cm was 81.8%, with a sensitivity of 83.3% and positive
      predictive value of 93.8% (P = 0.046). Of patients with recurrent ovarian cancer
      > or =1 cm, complete cytoreduction to no gross residual tumor was accomplished in
      72.2%. CONCLUSION: PET/CT imaging demonstrates high sensitivity and positive
      predictive value in identifying potentially resectable, macroscopic recurrent
      ovarian cancer among patients with biochemical evidence of recurrence and
      negative or equivocal conventional CT findings. In appropriately selected
      patients, early identification of macroscopic recurrent disease may facilitate
      complete surgical cytoreduction.

PMID- 13678720
TI  - A phase II trial of cisplatin, ifosfamide, and mesna in patients with advanced or
      recurrent uterine malignant mixed mullerian tumors with evaluation of potential
      molecular targets.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of cisplatin,
      ifosfamide, and mesna in uterine malignant mixed mullerian tumor (MMMT) and to
      evaluate the expression of clinically relevant molecular markers. METHODS: Women
      with advanced or recurrent MMMT were treated every 28 days with cisplatin (75
      mg/m(2)), ifosfamide (1.2 gm/m(2)), and mesna (240 mg/m(2)). Treatment continued
      until disease progression or for six courses in the case of nonmeasurable
      disease. Immunohistochemical analysis for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone
      receptor (PR), HER-2/neu, C-kit, Abl, and PDGFR-beta expression were performed.
      RESULTS: Sixteen patients received 1-10 cycles; 2 died of disease progression
      after 1 cycle; 3 stopped after 1 cycle because of toxicity. Of 6 with measurable
      disease, 2 had a partial response, 1 had stable disease (SD), and 3 had
      progression (RR 33%). Partial response durations were 6 and 9 months; SD duration
      was 6 months. Of 5 patients without measurable disease, 4 received 6 cycles; 1
      received 4 cycles. Four died of recurrent disease and 1 was without disease 6.5
      years after treatment. Thirty-six percent experienced at least one neutropenic G3
      or G4 event. All experienced G1 gastrointestinal toxicity. Four required dose
      reductions. At 7.5 months, only 1 with measurable disease was still living.
      Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that 24% expressed ER or PR, 19% expressed
      HER-2/neu, and none expressed C-kit. However, 45% expressed Abl and 100%
      expressed PDGFR-beta. CONCLUSION: Although the combination of cisplatin,
      ifosfamide, and mesna in patients with MMMT had moderate activity, the high
      toxicity and short response duration in this uncommon, aggressive malignancy
      suggest that this regiment continues to be a disappointing treatment choice for
      uterine MMMT. HER-2/Neu, Abl, or PDGFR-beta expression may be of value in order
      to investigate novel multimodality treatment strategies.

PMID- 13678721
TI  - Improved outcome at 10 years for serous-papillary/clear cell or high-risk
      endometrial cancer patients treated by adjuvant high-dose whole abdomino-pelvic
      irradiation.
AB  - PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the 10-year treatment outcome of
      utilizing adjuvant high-dose whole abdominal irradiation (WAPI technique) with a
      pelvic/vaginal boost in patients with stage I-III endometrial carcinoma at high
      risk for intra-abdominopelvic recurrence, including serous-papillary and clear
      cell histologies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a prospective nonrandomized trial, 132
      patients were treated with adjuvant WAPI between November 1981 and October 2001.
      Forty-three patients (32%) were 1998 FIGO stage I-II and 89 (68%) were stage III.
      Pathological features included the following: 66 (52%) with deep myometrial
      invasion, 50 (38%) with positive peritoneal cytology, 89 (67%) with high-grade
      lesions, 25 (19%) with positive pelvic/para-aortic lymph nodes, and 58 (45%) with
      serous-papillary or clear cell histology. RESULTS: The mean follow up was 6.4
      years (range 0.6-16.1). For the entire group, the 5- and 10-year cause-specific
      survival (CSS) was 77 and 72%, whereas the disease-free survival (DFS) was 55 and
      45%. When stratified by histology the 5- and 10-year CSS for adenocarcinoma was
      75 and 70%, while serous-papillary/clear cell was 80 and 74% (P = 0.314). The 5-
      and 10-year DFS for adenocarcinoma was 59 and 49%, whereas serous-papillary/clear
      cell was 49 and 38% (P = 0.563). For surgical stages I-II, the 5-year CSS was 83%
      for adenocarcinoma and 89% for serous-papillary (P = 0.353). For stage III, it
      was 73 and 62% (P = 0.318), respectively. Forty-six patients (35%) relapsed. The
      first site of failure was the abdomen/pelvis in 27/46 (59%). When stratified by
      histologic variant, 34% of patients with adenocarcinoma and 41% with serous
      papillary developed recurrent disease. In multivariate regression analysis only
      advancing age was of prognostic significance for CSS (P = 0.025) and DFS (P =
      0.026). Chronic grade 3/4 GI toxicity was seen in 14%, and 2% of patients
      developed grade 3 renal toxicity. CONCLUSION: High-dose adjuvant WAPI is very
      effective treatment with excellent 10-year results for stage I-III endometrial
      carcinoma with risk factors for intra-abdominopelvic recurrence, including serous
      papillary or clear cell histology. The low long-term complication rate with high
      CSS makes high-dose WAPI the treatment of choice for these patients with
      significant comorbidities.

PMID- 13678722
TI  - A comparative analysis of human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 and expression of
      p53 gene and Ki-67 in cervical, vaginal, and vulvar carcinomas.
AB  - This study aimed to investigate the correlation between HPV positivity, p53
      overexpression, and cell proliferative activity in cervical, vaginal, and vulvar
      squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS: Sixteen vaginal and 31 vulvar squamous cell
      carcinomas were examined retrospectively for overexpression of p53 gene and Ki67
      antigen by immunohistochemistry and for the presence of HPV types 16 and 18 DNA
      using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The results were compared with
      those obtained from 40 cervical squamous cell carcinomas. RESULTS: HPV type 16 or
      18 DNA was detected in 21 (52.8%) of 40 cases of cervical carcinomas and p53
      overexpression in one (2.5%), while HPV DNA sequences were detected in seven
      (43.7%) of 16 cases of vaginal carcinoma and p53 overexpression in three (18.7%).
      With regard to vulvar carcinoma, HPV was harbored in four (12.8%) of 31 cases and
      p53 overexpression in 19 (61.2%). These results indicated statistically
      significant inverse correlations between HPV positivity and p53 overexpression (R
      = -0.999, P < 0.0001). Overexpression of Ki-67 was detected in 28 (70.0%) of 40,
      12 (75.0%) of 16, and 21 (67.7%) of 31, cervical, vaginal, and vulvar carcinomas,
      respectively. There was no significant difference among the three groups.
      CONCLUSIONS: In cervical carcinoma, HPV types 16 and 18 might play a common
      causal role, and in vulvar carcinoma, p53 gene mutations might be a main causal
      factor for carcinogenesis. Vaginal carcinoma, on the other hand, is considered to
      have transitional characteristics between cervical and vulvar carcinoma.

PMID- 13678723
TI  - Phase II study of cetrorelix, a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone antagonist
      in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The goal of this work was to study the anticancer activity of
      cetrorelix, a decapeptide with LHRH receptor antagonist properties in patients
      with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. About 80% of primary ovarian cancers and
      cell lines bear LHRH receptors. Cetrorelix has anticancer activity in in vitro
      and in vivo ovarian cancer models. METHODS: Eligible patients with ovarian or
      mullerian carcinoma resistant to platinum chemotherapy received cetrorelix 10 mg
      subcutaneously every day. Eligibility criteria included age > or = 18, PS < or =
      2, measurable disease, chemistries and blood counts in normal range, no estrogen
      replacement for at least 2 weeks, and no known allergic reactions to extrinsic
      peptide. In patients volunteering for a biopsy, tissue was taken to perform a
      LHRH receptor assay. RESULTS: Seventeen patients were treated. Median age was 58
      years. Median performance status was 0. Median number of prior chemotherapies was
      3. Three patients had partial remissions lasting 9, 16, and 17 weeks. Toxicities
      effects included grade 4 anaphylactoid reaction (one patient) controlled by
      cortisol and cimetidine, grade 2 histamine reaction (two patients), grade 2
      arthralgia (one patient) 20% cholesterol increase (two patients, who did not
      require specific treatment), minor hot flushes, headache, and local skin reaction
      at the injection site. Six of seven samples were LHRH receptor positive for mRNA
      and/or ligand assay. Two responding patients were LHRH receptor positive. The
      patient who had no receptor did not respond. CONCLUSION: Cetrorelix has activity
      against ovarian cancer in this refractory population, and has minimal toxicity,
      except for potential anaphylactoid reactions. Activity may be mediated through
      the LHRH receptor.

PMID- 13678724
TI  - A relationship between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase variants and the
      development of invasive cervical cancer.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Low red blood cell folate levels have been associated with
      hypomethylation of DNA in dysplastic tissue and an increased risk for cervical
      intraepithelial neoplasia in human papillomavirus (HPV)-infected women.
      Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a critical enzyme regulating the
      metabolism of folate and methionine, the important components of DNA synthesis
      and methylation. Two common genetic polymorphisms, causing reduced MTHFR
      activity, have been identified. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate
      these MTHFR variations as risk factors for invasive cervical cancer. METHODS: To
      overcome the failure to properly match cases and controls that can cause false
      positive inferences due to population stratification and unrecognized variables
      in a traditional case-control study, a family-based transmission/disequilibrium
      test (TDT) was used. We obtained samples from nuclear families of 102 women with
      invasive cervical cancer (ICC). One polymorphism was typed by a PCR-RFLP method,
      while a template-directed dye-terminator assay was developed for the other.
      RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We were unable to confirm a strong association of MTHFR
      polymorphisms and ICC using family-based controls and a
      transmission/disequilibrium test. The overall results of the TDT showed chi(2) (1
      df) of 0.28 (P = 0.60) for exon 4, chi(2) (1 df) of 0.81(P = 0.37) for exon 7,
      and chi(2) (3 df) of 2.56 (P = 0.46) for the haplotype, meaning that there was no
      transmission of those alleles significantly in excess of Mendelian expectations
      to affected women. In addition, there was no effect of these variants with
      increased parity or infection with high-risk-type human papillomavirus.

PMID- 13678725
TI  - The influence of microvessel density on ovarian carcinogenesis.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Tumor microvessel density, measured by CD31 immunohistochemistry,
      correlates with survival in patients with ovarian cancer. CA 125 is secreted by
      most ovarian cancers, and we have previously shown that the rate of decline of CA
      125 is also predictive of ovarian cancer survival. Because increased tumor
      vascularity may allow metastases on one hand, while facilitating the delivery of
      chemotherapy on the other, we investigated the relationship of tumor microvessel
      density to preoperative CA 125, residual disease, and the initial response to
      treatment. METHODS: FIGO stage, grade, age, residual disease, and CD31
      microvessel density count were correlated with consecutive patients (n = 202)
      diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer who met entry criteria. The relationship
      of CD31 staining to preoperative CA 125, and the rate of decline in CA 125
      (slope) as a measure of initial response to therapy, was also evaluated based on
      complete CA 125 data. Spearman correlation and the Wilcoxon rank sum test were
      used for bivariate analyses. Linear and logistic regression was used for
      multivariate analysis. RESULTS: There were 21 stage I, 14 stage II, 125 stage
      III, and 42 stage IV patients diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer included
      in the study. More than half (N = 126) of the patients were optimally
      cytoreduced. Elevated microvessel density was associated with advanced stage of
      disease (P = 0.0453), grade (P = 0.0002), and an increased amount of residual
      disease (P = 0.0144). CA 125 values were higher in patients with residual disease
      versus patients without residual disease (P = 0.0357), and the decline in the CA
      125 (slope) was less steep in patients without residual disease versus patients
      with residual disease (P = 0.0003). However, the initial response to chemotherapy
      was unrelated to the microvessel density count as measured by CD31 antibody
      staining (P = 0.7911). In multivariate analyses, CD31 counts remained significant
      in relationship to grade. Nonideal slopes, indicating decreased response, were
      associated with increasing age (P = 0.0008) and residual disease (P = 0.0035).
      CONCLUSION: Elevated ovarian cancer microvessel density count is related to
      advanced stage and grade of disease, and compromised potential for cytoreduction.
      Residual disease is associated with higher CA 125 levels and faster CA 125
      decline rates. The rate of decline of CA 125 during the initial response to
      treatment cannot be predicted based on CD31 counts, confirming a complex
      relationship between tumor vascularity, metastasis, and response to treatment.

PMID- 13678726
TI  - Occult supraclavicular lymph node metastasis identified by FDG-PET in patients
      with carcinoma of the uterine cervix.
AB  - PURPOSE: The objective was to evaluate the frequency and prognostic significance
      of occult supraclavicular lymph node metastases identified by 2-[(18)F]fluoro-2
      deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in patients with cervical
      carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between March 1998 and January 2002, 186
      patients with a new diagnosis of cervical cancer underwent whole-body FDG-PET
      before therapy. Fourteen patients had abnormal FDG uptake in left supraclavicular
      lymph nodes without palpable disease. All 14 patients underwent sonographically
      guided fine-needle aspiration of the left supraclavicular lymph nodes. One
      patient refused therapy, 6 were treated with palliative intent, and 7 received
      definitive irradiation and concurrent chemotherapy. Survival was calculated by
      the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: The overall frequency of FDG-positive left
      supraclavicular lymph nodes was 8% (14/186). Metastasis was pathologically
      confirmed in all 14 patients. Therefore, the positive predictive value of
      abnormal FDG uptake in left supraclavicular lymph nodes was 100%. Nineteen
      percent of all patients (35/186) had abnormal FDG uptake in para-aortic lymph
      nodes. The frequency of positive FDG uptake in the left supraclavicular lymph
      nodes was 40% (14/35) in those with para-aortic lymph node uptake and 15% in
      those with stage IIIb disease. The median overall survival was 7.5 months. At
      last follow-up, 11 patients were dead and 3 were alive with disease. All patients
      developed metastatic disease, most commonly to bone and lung. CONCLUSION: The
      positive predictive value of abnormal FDG uptake in left supraclavicular lymph
      nodes was 100%. Prognosis for these patients was dismal despite aggressive
      therapy.

PMID- 13678727
TI  - Loop-cone cerclage in pregnancy: a 5-year review.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and outcomes of
      patients undergoing conization utilizing a technique of loop-cone cerclage when a
      diagnostic cone biopsy was required in pregnancy. METHODS: All loop conizations
      between 1997 and 2001 were reviewed; 15 patients were identified who underwent
      cone- cerclage with 13 medical records completely available for review.
      Abstracted data included age, parity, pap smears prior to and during pregnancy,
      and histology obtained during colposcopy. The operative time for the procedure,
      estimated blood loss, complications, pathology of loop specimen, and pregnancy
      outcomes were recorded. RESULTS: Thirteen charts were available for complete
      review. The mean operating time was 22 min; 11 patients had less than 50 cc blood
      loss and two patients had a 250 cc blood loss. The median age was 26.5, average
      parity was 2, and mean gestational age was 24.1 weeks. Six patients had abnormal
      pap smears prior to pregnancy, one woman had previously undergone colposcopy, and
      there was no documentation of previous pap smears in six patients. During
      pregnancy, on pap smear, nine patients had HSIL, three patients had ASCUS/LSIL,
      and one patient had adenocarcinoma. Thirteen patients underwent colposcopy and
      biopsy; eight patients had the question of invasive disease, five patients had
      endocervical glandular involvement with carcinoma in situ, which were the
      indications for conization. There were no intraoperative or late postoperative
      complications. All patients delivered at term. CONCLUSIONS: While the need for
      conization during pregnancy is rare, there are indications when it is necessary.
      Loop-cone cerclage is a safe method for performing diagnostic and therapeutic
      conization during pregnancy.

PMID- 13678728
TI  - Cisplatin as second-line therapy in ovarian carcinoma treated initially with
      single-agent paclitaxel: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The platinum compounds are the most active agents in the treatment of
      ovarian carcinoma. Phase II trials demonstrated the activity of paclitaxel in
      patients with disease clinically resistant to platinum-based front-line therapy,
      and phase III studies confirmed that a combination of paclitaxel plus a platinum
      was superior to cyclophosphamide plus a platinum. This study evaluated the
      activity of platinum in patients with bulky advanced disease treated with single
      agent paclitaxel as front-line therapy on a Gynecologic Oncology Group protocol.
      Those patients who had persistent (stable) or progressive disease while receiving
      paclitaxel, or a recurrence of disease within 6 months of completing six cycles
      of paclitaxel therapy, received single-agent cisplatin. METHODS: Thirty-nine
      eligible patients with ovarian carcinoma persistent, progressive, or recurrent
      after initial treatment with paclitaxel 200 mg/m(2) over 24 h every 3 weeks
      received cisplatin 100 mg/m(2) every 3 weeks until disease progression or
      unacceptable toxicity. RESULTS: Among 37 patients evaluable for response, 8
      complete (22%) and 13 partial (35%) responses resulted. Twelve (32%) patients
      exhibited stable disease, while 4 (11%) had increasing disease. Median
      progression-free survival was 11.0 months. Median survival was 15.0 months. All
      but two patients were clinically resistant to paclitaxel (progression during or
      within 6 months after completion of paclitaxel). Grade 2 or worse adverse effects
      among 39 patients evaluable for toxicity included neutropenia (23),
      thrombocytopenia (3), anemia (10), nausea and vomiting (23), azotemia (7),
      neurotoxicity (9), fever (2), and tinnitus (1). CONCLUSION: These data provide
      evidence that cisplatin is active as second-line therapy in patients clinically
      resistant to paclitaxel. The overall response rate is high (57%) with excellent
      progression-free and overall survival in the second-line setting.

PMID- 13678729
TI  - Value of human papillomavirus testing after conization by loop electrosurgical
      excision for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate human papillomavirus (HPV)
      testing during the follow-up of patients after conization by loop electrosurgical
      excision for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. METHODS: A prospective
      study was conducted on 205 patients who underwent conization for high-grade
      squamous intraepithelial lesion (CIN 2 or 3). Loop electrosurgical excision
      procedure (LEEP) was used in all cases. High-risk HPV testing was realized by the
      Hybrid Capture II system before and 3 months after conization. RESULTS: Of the
      205 patients, 193 (94.1%) were positive for the HPV test before conization.
      Seventy-one were HPV positive after conization (34.6%). The margins were positive
      in 36.1%. Residual disease was observed in 27 cases (13.2%). Four patients (2%)
      developed a recurrence after a mean follow-up of 18.1 months (+/-12). There was
      no correlation between pretreatment HPV testing and the residual disease or
      recurrence. Patients with positive margins were significantly more likely to have
      residual disease than those with negative margins (P < 0.0001). Residual disease
      was more likely to occur when the posttreatment HPV test was positive (P < 10(
      7)). All recurrences were observed in patients with a positive posttreatment HPV
      test (P < 0.05). Residual disease and recurrence were correctly predicted with a
      sensitivity of 81 and 100%, respectively, and a negative predictive value of 96
      and 100%. CONCLUSION: Posttreatment HPV testing could be useful in the follow-up
      of patients after conization. In case of negative posttreatment HPV testing, the
      frequency of follow-up could be reduced, particularly in those patients with free
      margins.

PMID- 13678730
TI  - Phase 2 trial of single-agent gemcitabine in platinum-paclitaxel refractory
      ovarian cancer.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: There is a need to find agents with activity in platinum and taxane
      refractory ovarian cancer to be employed as second-line therapy in the
      malignancy. Limited clinical trial experience has suggested that gemcitabine
      possesses activity in this clinical setting. We wished to further define the
      level of activity of gemcitabine in women with well-characterized platinum/taxane
      refractory disease. METHODS: Patients with ovarian or fallopian tube cancer or
      primary carcinoma of the peritoneum, whose disease had either failed to respond
      to a platinum and taxane treatment, or had responded but the "treatment free
      interval (TFI)" was < or =3 months, or if the TFI was >3 months and they had been
      retreated with the agents and not responded (or experienced a TFI of <3 months),
      were eligible for treatment on this phase 2 single institution protocol.
      Gemcitabine was administered weekly (as a 1-h infusion) for 3 weeks, followed by
      1-week break. RESULTS: A total of 51 patients were treated on this trial. The
      initial dose level (1250 mg/m(2)/week) resulted in excessive toxicity (fatigue,
      fever/chills, bone marrow suppression). The modified starting dose (1000
      mg/m(2)/week) resulted in a more acceptable side effect profile. Eight patients
      (16%) with measurable disease (n = 4) or evaluable disease by CA-125 criteria (n
      = 4) achieved an objective response (median duration of response: 4 months; range
      2-13 months). CONCLUSION: Single agent gemcitabine possesses modest, but
      definite, activity in patients with well-characterized platinum/taxane resistant
      ovarian cancer. It is reasonable to consider this drug for second-line (or later)
      treatment in this clinical setting.

PMID- 13678731
TI  - Pap smear noncompliance among female obstetrics-gynecology residents.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: We wish to determine how well female obstetrics and gynecology
      (OB/GYN) residents in the United States follow recommendations for routine Pap
      smears in managing their own health care and to identify the reasons for
      noncompliance. METHODS: A survey was mailed to 1693 female OB/GYN residents in
      the U.S. Factors associated with noncompliance were determined by chi-square.
      Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent prognostic factors
      and calculate the odds ratio (OR). RESULTS: Six hundred eleven (36%) surveys were
      returned with compliance information. Noncompliance was reported by 33%. Lack of
      time or inconvenience was cited as the most common reason (93%) for
      noncompliance, followed by consideration of themselves as low risk for cervical
      disease (41%) and fear of or embarrassment in seeing a doctor (14%). On
      multivariate analysis, independent risk factors for noncompliance during
      residency included noncompliance prior to residency (OR 4.6, P<0.0001) and Asian
      ethnicity (OR 2.1, P = 0.02), whereas East Indian ethnicity (OR 3.0, P = 0.06)
      and having no children (OR 1.6, P = 0.07) were near significant. CONCLUSIONS: A
      substantial proportion of female OB/GYN residents do not follow standard
      recommendations for routine Pap smears. Although the principal reason for
      noncompliance given was lack of available time and/or inconvenience during
      residency, this behavior predated residency and was associated with specific
      ethnic groups.

PMID- 13678732
TI  - A case of T1N0M0 vulvar apocrine gland carcinoma with a positive outcome.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Apocrine carcinoma of the vulva is extremely rare; only two cases
      have been reported worldwide. Here we report a case of apocrine carcinoma of the
      vulva. CASE: A 58-year-old woman complaining of a small, asymptomatic genital
      tumor visited the gynecology clinic of Chiba Social Insurance Hospital. The
      biopsy specimen suggested that it was an adenocarcinoma derived from the apocrine
      gland. The diagnosis was confirmed by periodic acid-Schiff staining and
      immunohistochemical staining for gross cystic disease fluid protein 15. She
      underwent simple vulvectomy with hemilateral groin dissection. She has been
      followed as an outpatient for the past 7 years with no signs of recurrence or
      metastasis. CONCLUSION: Despite the positive outcome of this case, small,
      asymptomatic genital lesions should be regarded with caution.

PMID- 13678733
TI  - Accuracy of frozen section examination of pelvic lymph nodes in patients with
      FIGO stage IB1 to IIB cervical cancer.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the accuracy of intraoperative frozen section histology
      of pelvic lymph nodes in patients with FIGO stage IB1 to IIB cervical cancer.
      METHODS: A total of 96 patients with cervical cancer FIGO stage IB1 to IIB had
      surgery including systematic pelvic or pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy and
      intraoperative frozen section examination of pelvic lymph nodes at our department
      between January 1997 and October 2001. The results of frozen section were
      compared with those of final histology. RESULTS: A total of 1044 pelvic lymph
      nodes underwent intraoperative frozen section examination and node metastases
      were found in 29 patients (30%). Final histopathology yielded a total of 5042
      lymph nodes and identified an additional seven patients with node metastases for
      a false negative rate of 19%. The specificity and the positive predictive value
      of frozen section examination were 100%; the negative predictive value was 90%
      (60/67). CONCLUSION: The diagnostic accuracy of frozen section analysis of pelvic
      lymph nodes should be considered when intraoperative decisions are based on its
      results.

PMID- 13678734
TI  - Phase II study of liposomal doxorubicin and weekly paclitaxel for recurrent
      Mullerian tumors.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Pegylated liposomally encapsulated doxorubicin (Doxil. Ortho-Biotech)
      and paclitaxel (Taxol, Bristol Myers Squibb) are both active against Mullerian
      malignancies. A phase II trial was performed to determine the toxicity and
      efficacy of these agents when administered in combination. METHODS: Patients were
      initially treated with 30 mg/m(2) of liposomal doxorubicin every 21 days and 70
      mg/m(2) of paclitaxel every week for 18 weeks. The plasma pharmacokinetics of
      paclitaxel was determined when administered alone and concurrently with liposomal
      doxorubicin. RESULTS: Forty women with recurrent gynecologic malignancies of
      Mullerian origin including 34 with ovary and primary peritoneal cancer (85%) were
      enrolled. Toxicity was evaluated for all 508 cycles of therapy. Paclitaxel and
      liposomal doxorubicin were delivered at 95% (66.4 mg/m(2)/week) and 77% (7.65
      mg/m(2)/week) of their intended weekly dose intensities, respectively. Reductions
      in the dose of liposomal doxorubicin were frequently required for palmar plantar
      erythrodysesthesia during the latter cycles of therapy. There were 4 patients
      with a complete response and 7 with partial responses, for an overall objective
      response rate of 29%, among the 38 evaluable patients. Response rates for the
      subset of 13 women with tumor recurrence occurring at least 6 months after prior
      platinum-based therapy was 54%. The concurrent administration of liposomal
      doxorubicin did not alter the pharmacokinetic disposition of paclitaxel.
      CONCLUSION: Liposomal doxorubicin with weekly paclitaxel is active in Mullerian
      malignancies. The concurrent delivery of the weekly paclitaxel with liposomal
      doxorubicin may increase liposomal doxorubicin skin toxicity. Liposomal
      doxorubicin does not alter the pharmacokinetics of paclitaxel.

PMID- 13678735
TI  - Clinical disease course during the last year in ovarian cancer.
AB  - OBJECTIVE(S): The objective was to determine whether there were changes in the
      pattern and nature of hospitalizations during the last year that could be used in
      the assessment of whether chemotherapy should be continued. METHODS:
      Retrospective data were collected from patients who died from ovarian cancer
      between 1/2000 and 12/2001. Charts from four hospitals were reviewed to abstract
      chemotherapy, reason for hospitalization, and the incidence of three significant
      clinical events (bowel obstruction, pleural effusion requiring thoracentesis, and
      abdominal ascites requiring paracentesis). Data were analyzed in 3-month
      intervals. RESULTS: Sixty-two patient charts were reviewed. Quarterly admissions
      increased linearly over the year (7, 18, 27, and 47, P < 0.0001).
      Hospitalizations for ascites, bowel obstruction, and pleural effusion began
      increasing around 6 months preceding death. Twenty-two patients did not receive
      chemotherapy during the last 3 months. Of the 40 patients receiving chemotherapy
      in the last 3 months, over half were not hospitalized during the period 4-6
      months before death, and a further 20% were hospitalized for nonsignificant
      clinical events. Approximately one-quarter of the patients, however, continued to
      receive chemotherapy following hospitalization for a significant clinical event.
      CONCLUSION(S): There were significant changes in the pattern and nature of
      hospitalization during the last 6 months that included hospitalizations for bowel
      obstruction, pleural effusion, or ascites. The occurrence of these events
      suggests that further chemotherapy should be realistically evaluated with the
      patient, which may reduce the number of patients who receive chemotherapy during
      their last few months of life.

PMID- 13678736
TI  - Groin recurrence in patients with vulvar cancer with negative nodes on
      superficial inguinal lymphadenectomy.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the cause of groin
      recurrence in patients with vulvar cancer who had negative nodes in their
      superficial inguinal lymphadenectomy (SIL) specimens. METHODS: The records of
      patients with vulvar cancer treated at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center between 1986
      and 1997 were reviewed to identify patients with squamous histology, clinical and
      surgical stage I or II, depth of invasion greater than 1 mm, and primary
      treatment consisting of radical wide excision and SIL. One hundred four patients
      met these criteria. Among these, nine experienced recurrent disease that involved
      one or both of the groins. All of the original hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)
      stained slides were reviewed by one pathologist (AM). Then, each paraffin block
      containing nodal tissue was recut at 40 microm intervals to obtain five sections
      for H&E staining and two unstained sections to be used for cytokeratin
      immunostaining if necessary. RESULTS: The median age at diagnosis and primary
      surgery was 65 years and the median depth of invasion was 4 mm. Seven patients
      underwent bilateral, and two underwent unilateral, groin dissections. The median
      number of lymph nodes removed per groin was seven. The median time to recurrence
      was 22 months. A total of 785 additional H&E-stained slides were prepared and
      examined at 100x and 400x magnification. No micrometastases were identified, and
      there were no other suspicious findings. Therefore, immunohistochemical staining
      was not performed. At recurrence, one patient had a biopsy only, and eight had
      attempted surgical resection. In two patients, tumor was identified in
      fibroadipose tissue only; no lymph nodes were identified. Among the other six
      patients, the median number of lymph nodes resected at the time of the recurrence
      was five (range 1 to 10). At last report, six patients had died and three were
      alive and free of disease. Median follow-up for survivors was 63 months (range 42
      to 71). CONCLUSION: These data strongly suggest that groin relapse in patients
      with negative nodes on SIL is caused by metastatic disease in unresected inguinal
      nodes. SIL as performed on the patients in this study did not eliminate all sites
      of nodal metastasis.

PMID- 13678737
TI  - Familial vs sporadic ovarian tumors: characteristic genomic alterations analyzed
      by CGH.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to get an overview of the genetic events leading to
      the development of familial and sporadic ovarian tumors and to identify
      chromosomal regions that may contain genes important in tumor progression.
      METHODS: The comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) technique was employed in a
      total of 46 epithelial ovarian or peritoneal tumors: 27 sporadic tumors, 11
      tumors disected from BRCA1 mutation (185delAG) carriers, and eight from BRCA2
      mutation (6174delT) carriers (familial tumors). RESULTS: The average number of
      genetic alterations (deletions and amplifications) was significantly
      (alpha=0.0069) higher in familial tumors (9.17 +/- 4.25 alterations per tumor in
      the BRCA1 mutation carriers and 7.25 +/- 6.06 in the BRCA2 mutation carriers)
      compared to the sporadic group (4.26 +/- 3.61 alterations per tumor). The pattern
      of the chromosome amplifications resembled in the three groups and the most
      common amplifications detected were at chromosomes 8q, 3q, and 2q. The pattern of
      the chromosomal deletions varied between the groups. Among the BRCA1 group, the
      most common deletions were in chromosomes 9 and 19. The BRCA2 group showed a
      lower frequency of deletions. Deletion of chromosome 16 and 22 were the most
      frequent ones. No specific chromosomal deletion was significantly indicated in
      the sporadic group. CONCLUSIONS: Familial ovarian tumors exhibit a significantly
      higher number of chromosomal aberrations and genomic imbalances and nonrandom
      genetic changes were characterized in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 groups.

PMID- 13678738
TI  - First-line intraperitoneal carboplatin-based chemotherapy for 165 patients with
      epithelial ovarian carcinoma: results of long-term follow-up.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Currently, no long-term follow-up data are available on
      intraperitoneal (IP) carboplatin-based chemotherapy for ovarian carcinoma. In
      this study we evaluated retrospectively the survival and recurrence of a
      retrospective cohort of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer treated with
      first-line IP carboplatin-based therapy. METHODS: Records were reviewed of 174
      patients with epithelial ovarian cancer who received IP carboplatin-based therapy
      between 1990 and 2000. All patients underwent surgical staging, and implantable
      port systems were placed regardless of residual tumor size. The pathological
      slides were submitted and reviewed, and then nine patients were excluded because
      of borderline malignancies (n = 8), and wrong histology (n = 1). Therefore, the
      records of 165 patients were analyzed for survival. Tumor grade was determined by
      the Universal grading system. Statistical analysis included tests for association
      between potential prognostic factors, and between prognostic factors and
      survival. Survival probabilities were estimated by Kaplan-Meier methods, and
      prognostic factors for survival were evaluated by a Cox regression model.
      RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 53.7 years (range 21-83). The median
      follow-up was 41 months. The distribution by stage and histology was as follows:
      high risk (grade 2/3, clear cell, capsule rupture) stage I, 54; II, 21; III, 72;
      IV, 18; and serous, 75; clear cell, 30; mucinous, 27; endometrioid, 20; others,
      13. The chemotherapy regimen was either carboplatin alone (n = 22) or in
      combination with cyclophosphamide (n = 116) or paclitaxel (n = 27). Catheter
      related complications occurred in 16 (9.7%) cases. The chemotherapeutic response
      in 54 patients with measurable disease was 66.4%. The 5-year survival was 94.4%
      for stage I, and 87.9% for stage II. The median survival for optimal and
      suboptimal stage III/IV patients was 51 months and 34 months, respectively. The
      median survival of patients with stage III/IV disease was 51 months with
      carboplatin doses of 400 mg/m(2) or more, but it was only 25 months with
      carboplatin doses smaller than 400 mg/m(2). Poor prognostic factors, determined
      by Cox regression multivariate analysis, were clear cell histology (P < 0.001)
      and a carboplatin dose smaller than 400 mg/m(2) (P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS:
      Survival of patients who underwent carboplatin-based IP chemotherapy was
      excellent when the dose of carboplatin was higher than 400 mg/m(2). A prospective
      evaluation of IP carboplatin therapy with modern combination is warranted.

PMID- 13678739
TI  - Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for advanced ovarian cancer: the role of cytology in
      pretreatment diagnosis.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine the role of cytology in the
      pretreatment evaluation of women with clinical findings consistent with ovarian
      cancer who are being considered for neoadjuvant chemotherapy. METHODS:
      Pretreatment cytology slides were available for review from 60 of 72 consecutive
      patients treated with platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy who were believed
      to have ovarian cancer based on clinical findings. Fifty of the 72 patients had
      evidence of both intraabdominal and extraabdominal tumor spread prior to
      treatment. Fifty-three of 66 patients had CA125 values >500 U/mL, 34 being >1500
      U/mL. Pretreatment cytology was compared to surgical specimens obtained following
      chemotherapy. RESULTS: Cytologic findings were consistent with ovarian cancer in
      55 patients, not consistent with ovarian cancer in 4 cases, and insufficient for
      diagnosis in one case. Forty-seven of the 60 patients underwent surgery. Forty
      two of 43 patients with cytology consistent with ovarian cancer had epithelial
      ovarian cancers at surgery. One had no pathologic evidence of disease. Three of
      the 4 patients thought not to have cytology consistent with ovarian cancer
      underwent surgery following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Two had ovarian epithelial
      cancers and one had a mesonephric adenocarcinoma. The one patient with cytology
      insufficient for diagnosis also had an epithelial ovarian cancer at diagnosis.
      CONCLUSIONS: Cytology proved to be extremely helpful in supporting the clinical
      impression of an apparent advanced ovarian cancer. When the cytologic diagnosis
      does not match the clinical impression, communication between the cytologist or
      pathologist and the clinician is essential.

PMID- 13678740
TI  - Symptoms, coping strategies, and timing of presentations in patients with newly
      diagnosed ovarian cancer.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The purpose was to explore whether health education on symptoms of
      ovarian cancer would aid in early detection, by examining the relationship
      between symptoms, coping strategies, and timing of presentation in patients with
      newly diagnosed ovarian cancer. METHODS: Eighty women were included. A
      questionnaire consisting of a series of open questions was designed to collect
      information on the sequence of events from the onset of symptoms to the diagnosis
      of ovarian cancer. The Coping Response Inventory (CRI) was used to assess the
      coping strategies. RESULTS: A majority (90.0%) of women with ovarian cancer did
      have symptoms before the diagnosis. Abdominal pain or discomfort, abdominal
      distension, a palpable abdominal mass, menstrual, bowel, or urinary symptoms were
      the commonly reported symptoms. Eight (10.0%) patients were totally asymptomatic
      prior to the cancer diagnosis. The presence of bowel symptoms was significantly
      associated with late stage disease. Most of the patients sought medical advice
      within 2 weeks from the onset of symptoms. There was no association between the
      presence of any particular symptom(s) and the timing of presentation. There was
      also no correlation between the coping strategies and stage of disease and timing
      of presentation. On average, patients with early stage disease saw one more
      doctor compared to patients with late stage disease before the affirmative
      diagnosis of ovarian cancer. CONCLUSION: Most patients presented early after the
      onset of symptoms. Health education in this regard may not be useful for early
      diagnosis of ovarian cancer.

PMID- 13678741
TI  - Papillary squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix: an immunophenotypic
      appraisal of 12 cases.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The objective was to evaluate the role of human papillomavirus (HPV)
      in the pathogenesis of papillary squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) of the cervix and
      to determine cell proliferative activity and p53 abnormalities in these rare
      variants of cervical cancer. METHODS: Twelve examples of PSCC of the cervix were
      diagnosed between 1990 and 1999. Formalin-fixed paraffin sections of each tumor
      were stained by immunoperoxidase method using antibodies to p53 gene product (CM
      10) and Ki-67 (MIB-1). In situ hybridization for HPV DNA (ENZO) was used to
      detect specific sequences of DNA shared by most types of genital HPV, followed by
      confirmatory PCR analysis. The nuclear staining for Ki-67 was graded as minimal
      (<10% of cells), moderate (between 10 and 50% of cells), and high (>50% of
      cells). RESULTS: Fifty-percent of the tumors showed presence of HPV DNA. Three
      tumors (25%) showed nuclear accumulation of p53. Moderate and high proliferative
      activity was observed in four and eight of tumors, respectively. Eight patients
      presented with stage IB1 tumor (67%), 3 with stage IA1 tumor (25%), and 1 with
      stage IIIA tumor (8%). Eleven patients (92%) were alive as of last contact with a
      mean follow-up of 34.2 months (range: 5 days to 84 months). CONCLUSION: In this
      series of patient, PSCC of the uterine cervix had a low rate of HPV DNA in their
      genome and a low rate of p53 gene abnormality. These genotypic differences may
      explain the differences between the clinical behavior of PSCC and the common
      types of squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix.

PMID- 13678743
TI  - Primary choriocarcinoma of the uterine cervix in a postmenopausal patient: a case
      report.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Primary cervical choriocarcinoma seen in a postmenopausal patient is
      a very rare entity. CASE: Primary choriocarcinoma of the uterine cervix was
      diagnosed in a 54-year-old woman. She had admitted to our clinic with vaginal
      bleeding and had been postmenopausal for 1 year at the time of diagnosis. A
      cervical tumoral mass was seen in her pelvic examination and cervical biopsy
      revealed squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Pelvic examination under
      anesthesia was done and patient was accepted as FIGO Stage IIA. Type III
      hysterectomy with bilateral salphingoopherectomy and bilateral pelvic-paraaortic
      lymph node dissection was carried out. Postoperative pathological evaluation of
      the surgical specimen showed that case was a primary choriocarcinoma of the
      cervix. CONCLUSION: This is one of the few reported cases of cervical
      choriocarcinoma in a postmenopausal patient. The most appropriate theory for the
      development of this tumor is metaplastic differentiation of the tumor from
      another histologic type.

PMID- 13678742
TI  - Cushing's syndrome due to ovarian serous adenocarcinoma secreting multiple
      endocrine substances: a case report and immunohistochemical analysis.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Although Cushing's syndrome arises from various neuroendocrine tumors
      secreting adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) ectopically, ovarian carcinoma rarely causes
      this syndrome. CASE: A 66-year-old woman presented with facial swelling and skin
      pigmentation. She manifested hypercortisolemia, high plasma ACTH, and lack of
      dexamethasone suppression. MRI showed a solid ovarian tumor and resection of the
      tumor led to normalization of ACTH and cortisol levels. In addition, elevated
      serum vasopressin (ADH) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) were found, which were also
      normalized after removal of tumors. Pathological diagnosis was serous
      adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine and hepatoid features. Immunohistochemistry
      detected immunoreactivity of chromogranin A, ACTH, ADH, and AFP in tumor cells.
      CONCLUSION: This is a very rare case of successful treatment of Cushing's
      syndrome arising from an ovarian adenocarcinoma secreting multiple endocrine
      substances.

PMID- 13678744
TI  - Inflammatory skin metastases from ovarian carcinoma--a case report and review of
      the literature.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Skin metastases from ovarian carcinoma are rarely reported. Most
      cases present as cutaneous nodules, generally as periumbilical Sister Joseph's
      nodules. An uncommon presentation of cutaneous metastases from ovarian epithelial
      carcinoma is the inflammatory pattern, which mimics herpetiform lesions to the
      skin. CASE: A 48-year-old patient with refractory ovarian carcinoma, complicated
      by groin lymph node metastatic disease developed edema, in the form of "Peau
      d'orange," over the lower abdominal skin, the upper aspects of the lower
      extremities, and the gluteal skin. Large areas of multiple erythematous vesicular
      appearance that resembled herpes zoster lesions were noted. Biopsy of the skin
      lesions revealed ovarian skin metastases. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of ovarian
      skin metastases is uncommon. It mimics inflammatory viral infection as herpes
      zoster lesions. Supportive care is needed due to painful presentation.

PMID- 13678745
TI  - Adenoid cystic carcinoma stage Ib1 treated with radical surgery displaying human
      papilloma virus 33 (HPV 33): immunoelectron microscopy and review.
AB  - BACKGROUND: The presence of human papilloma virus (HPV) 33 and possible
      myoepithelial differentiation in an adenoid cystic carcinoma of the cervix (ACC)
      Ib1 and the clinical outcome are reported. CASE: The case is an ACC, stage Ib1
      harboring HPV 33, which was treated by radical hysterectomy and lymphadenectomy
      only. Human papilloma virus analysis of the tumor was done by means of
      nonisotopic in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction. Additionally
      immunoelectron microscopy was performed. CONCLUSION: Our patient had a vault
      recurrence 12 months after class III (Meigs) hysterectomy. The cancer tissue was
      totally excised, the lymphnodes (n = 31) were negative, and there was no lympho
      vascular invasion and no perineural infiltration. The primary tumor displayed HPV
      33 integration and features suggesting myoepithelial differentiation. We would
      recommend a low threshold for the use of radiotherapy in the management of
      similar findings.

PMID- 13678746
TI  - Recurrent perivascular epithelioid cell tumor of the uterus (PEComa): an
      immunohistochemical study and review of the literature.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Neoplasms of the perivascular epithelioid cell, first described in
      1992, comprise a family of tumors known as "PEComas." To the best of our
      knowledge, this is the third case of uterine PEComa reported in the literature to
      behave in a malignant fashion. The purpose of this report is to provide
      information that may be used to predict the future behavior of this tumor. CASE:
      The patient was a 79-year-old woman with a large uterine mass which recurred 2
      years following resection. The patient died within months after resection of the
      recurrent tumor. Retrospective immunohistochemical staining with newly
      commercially available antibodies including MART-1 was done on both the original
      and the recurrent tumor, confirming the diagnosis of uterine PEComa. CONCLUSION:
      Uterine PEComas should be regarded as tumors with uncertain malignant potential.

PMID- 13678747
TI  - Skin metastases in ovarian carcinoma: a report of nine cases and a review of the
      literature.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Cutaneous involvement is unusual at presentation and during the course
      of ovarian carcinoma. The aim of the present study was to determine the
      incidence, clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic factors of skin
      metastases in ovarian cancer patients. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was
      conducted on 220 patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma treated at our unit
      between 1991 and 2001. Pertinent clinical information, pathologic data,
      treatment, and prognostic factors for survival following documentation of skin
      metastases were collected. Survival time was calculated from the time of
      diagnosis of ovarian cancer and from the time of diagnosis of the cutaneous
      metastasis. RESULTS: FIGO stage at the time of ovarian cancer diagnosis was stage
      III = five patients (56%), and stage I and stage IV = two patients each (22%).
      Most patients had serous papillary cystoadenocarcinoma of the ovary (78%), and
      one each had endometrioid and mucinous carcinomas (12%). Seven patients (78%) had
      poorly differentiated tumors. Only one patient had a skin metastasis at the time
      of ovarian cancer diagnosis; in the remaining patients the average time of
      appearance of skin metastases after the diagnosis of ovarian cancer was 23.4 +/-
      12 months (range 4 to 37). The diameter of the skin lesions ranged between 0.5
      and 3 cm. Three patients had a single skin nodule, while six had multiple skin
      lesions. Eight patients (89%) have died of disease and median survival after
      diagnosis of the skin metastases was 4 months (range 2 to 65). One patient (Cases
      1) is alive without tumor 4 months after diagnosis of the skin metastases.
      Overall survival after diagnosis of skin metastasis from ovarian cancer was 4
      months (range 2 to 65). CONCLUSION: Skin involvement is a late complication that
      occurs rarely in ovarian cancer patients. Prognosis after skin metastases is poor
      and the most important prognostic factor associated with survival is the interval
      time between diagnosis of ovarian cancer and documentation of cutaneous
      involvement.

PMID- 13678752
TI  - Changing of the guard: new challenges await.

PMID- 13678749
TI  - What is the proper extent of an inguinal lymphadenectomy for early vulvar cancer?

PMID- 13678753
TI  - ANCA and anti-GBM antibodies in diagnosis and follow-up of vasculitic disease.
AB  - In the last decade, serological detection of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic
      antibodies (ANCA) and of anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibodies has
      tremendously facilitated the diagnosis of small vessel vasculitides. Once
      diagnosed, these diseases have proven to be treatable. However, in contrast to
      anti-GBM disease, ANCA-associated vasculitides are chronic diseases with a high
      relapse rate. Since morbidity in ANCA-associated vasculitides is dictated by the
      frequency and severity of relapses, much health benefit would be achieved if a
      relapse could be prevented or early treatment started. Increases in ANCA titers
      and persistently high ANCA levels indicate a high risk of relapse and warrant
      clinical evaluation of the patient for signs of relapse. This review will focus
      on the value of ANCA and anti-GBM antibody testing in diagnosis and on the
      importance of these tests in follow-up of disease.

PMID- 13678754
TI  - Relationship between myeloperoxidase promotor polymorphism and disease severity
      in sarcoidosis.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Previously, we demonstrated that the number of polymorphonuclear
      neutrophils (PMNs) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) is useful in
      distinguishing sarcoidosis patients with a favorable outcome from those having a
      more severe course of disease. Neutrophils contain the oxidant-generating enzyme
      myeloperoxidase (MPO). Cellular levels of MPO can be influenced by functional
      promotor polymorphisms, ?463G/A and ?129G/A, which may modify disease severity.
      METHODS: In the present study, we investigated two MPO promotor polymorphisms in
      110 sarcoidosis patients and in 191 ethnically matched controls. Pulmonary
      disease severity was evaluated by means of radiographic staging, HRCT scoring,
      lung function, and exercise capacity testing. RESULTS: No significant differences
      were found between sarcoidosis patients and healthy controls with regard to
      either polymorphism. Nor was any association observed between ?463 G/A and ?129
      G/A polymorphism and the severity of sarcoidosis. CONCLUSIONS: The functional MPO
      promotor polymorphisms ?463G/A and ?129G/A did not explain disease severity in
      the sarcoidosis population studied. Future studies are needed to identify
      predictive features useful in guiding therapeutic strategies and to determine
      difficult-to-treat cases.

PMID- 13678755
TI  - Causes of hyponatremia in the Departments of Internal Medicine and Neurosurgery.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte disorder in hospitalised
      patients. The distribution of the various causes of hyponatremia has been studied
      in hospitalised patients in general, but little is known about the distribution
      in specific departments. We performed a prevalence study on the aetiology of
      hyponatremia in two departments in our hospital, namely, the Department of
      Internal Medicine and the Department of Neurosurgery. METHODS: Consecutive adult
      patients with hyponatremia (serum sodium concentration</=130 mmol/l) who had been
      admitted to the Departments of Internal Medicine and Neurosurgery were included
      in the study. The cause of hyponatremia was determined on the basis of
      information obtained from medical records, estimation of extracellular fluid
      volume status, water balance and biochemical parameters in blood serum and urine.
      RESULTS: Out of 41 hyponatremic patients, 12 had hyponatremia due to normovolemic
      disorders, 10 due to hypervolemic disorders, 11 due to hypovolemic disorders with
      extrarenal sodium loss and eight due to hypovolemic disorders with renal sodium
      loss. The most frequent causes of hyponatremia were extrarenal sodium loss due to
      vomiting or diarrhoea, hepatic cirrhosis, drug-induced hyponatremia and the
      syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion. CONCLUSIONS: In the Departments of
      Internal Medicine and Neurosurgery, certain causes of hyponatremia are more
      prevalent than others. The use of clinical data, in combination with a few simple
      laboratory tests, can lead to a correct diagnosis of the principal cause of
      hyponatremia.

PMID- 13678756
TI  - The prognostic value of high-sensitive C-reactive protein and cardiac troponin T
      in young and middle-aged patients with chest pain without ECG changes.
AB  - BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence of the prognostic importance of
      inflammatory markers in angina pectoris. However, the independent value of high
      sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), cardiac troponin T (cTnT), or their
      combination has not been established in young patients with angina pectoris
      without ECG changes. Therefore, we assessed the 6-month prognostic values of
      serum hsCRP and cTnT in young and middle-aged patients who were admitted to the
      hospital with chest pain but without ECG changes. METHODS: Forty young or middle
      aged patients (45+/-10 years old; two females) were included in the study. All
      had chest pain for the first time without ST-T changes or any other ECG changes
      and with normal CPK-MB levels. Blood was drawn on admission, separated, and serum
      was frozen at -80 degrees C for 1 year until thawed and studied as one batch in
      order to measure hsCRP and cTnT levels. A clinical follow-up was done for 6
      months. RESULTS: Our findings showed that the strongest independent marker of an
      adverse outcome was the hsCRP level on admission (sensitivity 66.7%; specificity
      94.1%); cTnT level added a little to the specificity (97.1%), but did not add to
      the sensitivity that was found by hsCRP level. CONCLUSIONS: hsCRP level on
      admission could be an independent prognostic marker in young and middle-aged
      patients with angina pectoris without ECG changes and without CPK-MB elevation.

PMID- 13678757
TI  - The significance of clinical euthyroidism on reference range for thyroid
      hormones.
AB  - BACKGROUND: The reference range for thyroid hormones and thyroid stimulating
      hormone (TSH) is usually established either by using the manufacturer's
      recommendations or by analyzing blood tests from a serum bank or from the local
      laboratory staff, assuming that they are healthy and euthyroid. The aim of this
      study was to examine the significance of clinical euthyroidism and a normal basal
      oxygen consumption on the reference range for thyroid hormones and TSH. METHODS:
      A clinical examination, including information on medication, was performed on 31
      apparently healthy persons. The following determinations were made for all of the
      subjects: basal oxygen consumption, serum TSH, serum total T(3), and serum total
      T(4). T(4) uptake for calculation of FT(4)I was also measured. RESULTS: The
      clinical examination and determination of VO(2) reduced what initially appeared
      to be a euthyroid and healthy population by 32%. This also resulted in a narrower
      reference interval than that suggested by the manufacturer (range) (TSH: 0.35
      5.50 mU/l, T(4): 58-140 nmol/l, T(3): 0.9-2.8 nmol/l) or than that established in
      the initially selected population (TSH=0.76-3.90 mU/l, T(4)=54-168 nmol/l,
      T(3)=1.27-2.74 nmol/l, FT(4)I=64-123 a.u.). In the finally selected population,
      this was TSH=0.76-3.90 mU/l, T(4)=59-127 nmol/l, T(3)=1.45-2.74 nmol/l, and
      FT(4)I=64-120 a.u. CONCLUSION: The method of selecting the population for
      establishing the reference interval for thyroid hormones and TSH influences the
      reference ranges. Neglecting to deal with this problem may invalidate screening
      procedures, especially for subclinical diseases.

PMID- 13678758
TI  - Prevalence of thyroid cancer in Graves' disease: a retrospective study of a
      cohort of 103 patients treated surgically.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Thyroid nodules in patients with Graves' disease (GD) are common, and
      the incidence of coexisting thyroid carcinoma is a much debated subject, which is
      addressed in this study. METHODS: In order to determine the incidence rate of
      coexisting malignancy, a retrospective study was conducted on 103 patients who
      underwent surgery for GD between 1990 and 2000 at the Cliniques Universitaires
      Saint-Luc in Brussels, Belgium. The patients were classified into groups. Those
      in group I had a solitary palpable nodule (4.9%), those in group II multiple
      palpable nodules (12.6%), group IIIa had nodule(s) revealed by imaging techniques
      (incidentalomas: 17.5%), and group IIIb had diffuse non-nodular goiter (65%).
      RESULTS: Patients with nodules (groups I, II, and IIIa) were found to have
      significantly more thyroid carcinomas than those with diffuse non-nodular goiters
      (P=0.02), and the rate of malignancy was significantly increased when the nodules
      were palpable (groups I and II; P=0.03). Eight patients (7.8%) were diagnosed as
      having coexisting carcinomas, all but one being microcarcinomas. CONCLUSIONS:
      Well-differentiated papillary carcinomas are found to coexist with GD surgically
      treated (7.8%) and occur most frequently in GD with palpable nodular lesions
      (35%). Even though the majority (88%) of coexisting carcinomas are
      microcarcinomas, the presence of palpable nodules justifies further evaluation
      and follow-up.

PMID- 13678759
TI  - Neurological involvement in a case of hypophosphatemia.
AB  - Hypophosphatemia occasionally underlies neurological disorders such as
      encephalopathy, myopathy and neuropathy. Although several cases have been
      reported in the literature, severe hypophosphatemia as a cause of neurological
      disorders is rarely mentioned in neurological textbooks and is seldom thought of
      in practice. We present a 69-year-old woman who develops encephalopathy and
      rapidly progressive weakness due to hypophosphatemia. The cause of
      hypophosphatemia is often iatrogenic and multifactorial. Signs and symptoms are
      mostly non-specific, thus complicating correct diagnosis and appropriate
      treatment.

PMID- 13678760
TI  - Fulminant Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection with multi-organ involvement: a case
      report.
AB  - A 50-year-old man with no medical history was admitted because of progressive
      respiratory distress, aseptic meningitis, disseminated intravascular coagulation,
      cholestatic hepatitis, and renal failure. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection was
      confirmed serologically. The patient was treated with erythromycin and showed a
      favorable recovery. Although M. pneumoniae infection is usually a benign, self
      limited acute respiratory disease, on rare occasions it can manifest itself with
      a fulminant course and multi-organ involvement, even in normal healthy
      individuals.

PMID- 13678761
TI  - Pulmonary nodular lesions in a 70-year-old man.
AB  - Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) is an uncommon but
      increasingly recognized clinicopathologic syndrome. This report illustrates a
      proteiform clinical presentation of BOOP in a 70-year-old patient with cough, low
      grade fever, weight loss, and hemoptysis. Chest radiograph and computed
      tomography (CT scan) showed nodular lesions. A video-assisted thoracoscopic
      procedure for biopsy of the largest nodule was performed at the end of an
      extensive work-up. A diagnosis of BOOP was established and, because of persistent
      symptomatology, corticosteroid therapy was initiated. This observation
      illustrates that the clinical and radiological findings of BOOP are non-specific
      and can sometimes mimic primary and/or secondary pulmonary malignancies.

PMID- 13678762
TI  - A case of valproate-associated hepatotoxicity treated with L-carnitine.
AB  - Valproate is a major broad-spectrum anti-epileptic drug that is effective against
      many different types of epileptic seizures and that is usually well tolerated.
      Nevertheless, serious side effects can occur, including hepatotoxicity. This side
      effect is rare but often fatal, and it has been hypothesized that long-term
      valproate therapy may induce a carnitine deficiency and cause non-specific
      symptoms of hepatotoxicity and hyperammonemia. These factors suggest that L
      carnitine supplementation may play a role in preventing hepatotoxicity. We report
      a case of valproate-induced acute liver injury with a favorable evolution after L
      carnitine therapy.

PMID- 13678763
TI  - Infections in diabetic foot ulcers.
AB  - Foot ulcers and infections are common in diabetic patients. A 30-month-long
      descriptive study was conducted in our hospital in which we analyzed
      microbiological isolates of all patients admitted with diabetic foot infections.
      The predominant flora identified were Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase
      negative Staphylococcus, followed by Enterococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., and
      enterobacteriaceaes. In 27 positive cultures (42%) polymicrobial flora were
      found. There were only 5% anaerobic bacteria. There appears to be a relationship
      between the sample collection system and microbiological isolates.

PMID- 13678764
TI  - Internal medicine: yesterday, today, and tomorrow. III. Specialists versus
      generalists or hospitalists.

PMID- 13678765
TI  - Misconceptions (3): calcium leaves bone only by resorption and enters only by
      formation.

PMID- 13678766
TI  - How does bone support calcium homeostasis?

PMID- 13678767
TI  - TEM analysis of the nanostructure of normal and osteoporotic human trabecular
      bone.
AB  - Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to investigate the crystal
      collagen interactions in normal and osteoporotic human trabecular bone at the
      nanostructural level. More specifically, two-dimensional TEM observations were
      used to infer the three-dimensional information on the shape, the size, the
      orientation, and the alignment of apatite crystals in collagen fibrils in normal
      and osteoporotic bone. We found that crystals were of platelet shape with
      irregular edges and that there was no substantial difference in crystal length or
      crystal thickness between normal and osteoporotic trabecular bone. The crystal
      arrangement in cross-sectioned fibrils did not neatly conform to the parallel
      arrangement of crystals seen in longitudinally-sectioned fibrils. Instead, the
      crystal arrangement in both normal and osteoporotic trabecular bone took on more
      of a random, undulated arrangement, with certain localized areas demonstrating
      circular oriented patterns. The TEM imaging was done using bright fields only.
      Thus, the results presented are within the limitations of this approach.

PMID- 13678768
TI  - Increased bone remodeling due to ovariectomy dramatically increases tumoral
      growth in the 5T2 multiple myeloma mouse model.
AB  - Bone destruction is the main clinical consequence of multiple myeloma (MM). It is
      known that a "vicious circle" exists between bone and myeloma cells with plasma
      cells stimulating bone cells, which in return stimulate the neoplastic growth. We
      hypothesized that an accelerated bone remodeling induced by ovariectomy (OVX)
      could provide a more fertile environment for the myeloma cell growth. Ovariectomy
      performed on C57BL/KaLwRij mice resulted in reduced trabecular bone volume and
      increased osteoclast number. To test our hypothesis, we ovariectomized
      C57BL/KaLwRij mice one week before injection of 5T2MM myeloma cells. A non-OVX
      5T2MM group was used as control. Ovariectomy increased the tumor growth and
      induced an earlier development of osteolytic lesions. OVX 5T2MM mice were
      euthanized at 10 weeks, instead of 16 weeks, for the non-OVX 5T2MM, mice because
      of the accelerated development of disease in OVX animals. Treatment of OVX 5T2MM
      mice with pamidronate reduced osteolysis but had little effect on the time
      development of the tumor. This combined model (ovariectomy + 5T2MM) confirmed the
      interdependence of bone and myeloma cells and could explain the some sudden
      burden of indolent MM into aggressive MM in humans.

PMID- 13678769
TI  - Effect of raloxifene on the risk of new vertebral fracture in postmenopausal
      women with osteopenia or osteoporosis: a reanalysis of the Multiple Outcomes of
      Raloxifene Evaluation trial.
AB  - Raloxifene reduces vertebral fracture risk in postmenopausal women with
      osteoporosis and established osteoporosis, but its efficacy in women with
      osteopenia has not been studied. The objective of this study was to evaluate the
      effect of raloxifene hydrochloride on the risk of vertebral fractures in
      postmenopausal women with osteopenia and to compare this effect with that in
      women with osteoporosis as defined by the bone mineral density (BMD) T-score at
      the hip. We studied the 3204 postmenopausal women with osteopenia or osteoporosis
      without vertebral fractures at baseline in the Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene
      Evaluation trial. Compared with placebo, 60 mg/day raloxifene reduced the risk of
      new vertebral fractures at 3 years independent of baseline total hip BMD. The
      relative risk for new vertebral fractures for the raloxifene group compared with
      placebo was 0.53 (95% CI, 0.32-0.88) for those with osteopenia and 0.31 (0.06
      0.71) for those with osteoporosis. In raloxifene-treated women the rate of
      vertebral fracture was similar in women with osteoporosis (2%) to that in women
      with osteopenia (1.9%). For clinically apparent vertebral fractures, the relative
      risk of fracture in the osteopenia group for raloxifene was 0.25 (0.04-0.63)
      compared with placebo. There were no new clinical vertebral fractures in women
      with osteoporosis receiving raloxifene, whereas four occurred in the placebo
      group. We conclude that treatment with 60 mg/day raloxifene significantly
      decreases the risk of new vertebral fractures and new clinical vertebral
      fractures in postmenopausal women without baseline vertebral fracture who have
      osteopenia or osteoporosis.

PMID- 13678770
TI  - Alendronate has a residual effect on bone mass in postmenopausal Danish women up
      to 7 years after treatment withdrawal.
AB  - Alendronate has been shown to reduce bone turnover and increase bone mass.
      However, little is known about the duration of the effect on bone after treatment
      withdrawal. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term effects on
      bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover of various alendronate regimens
      after treatment withdrawal. In this study, we followed 203 postmenopausal women
      who previously participated in two alendronate randomized placebo-controlled
      trials. Daily oral treatment with various doses of alendronate (2.5-20 mg) were
      given for 2, 4, or 6 yr followed by no treatment for 7, 5, or 3 yr, respectively.
      Bone mineral density of the lumbar spine, hip, and forearm was measured by dual
      energy x-ray absorptiometry. Biochemical markers of bone turnover were induced
      serum C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (CTX) and osteocalcin. Women who
      received alendronate (2.5-10 mg per day) for 2 yr had a 3.8% higher BMD compared
      to those receiving placebo when assessed 7 yr after withdrawal. The residual
      effect was proportionally larger in women who had received treatment for 4 (5.9%,
      P=0.02) or 6 yr (8.6%, P=0.002), respectively. However, the largest residual
      effect was found in women treated with alendronate 20 mg per day for 2 yr (9.7%,
      P=0.01 vs. placebo). The rate of bone loss after alendronate withdrawal was
      comparable to the bone loss observed in the placebo group. Bone markers tended to
      reverse back to normal levels, but were still affected even several years after
      withdrawal of treatment. This study has demonstrated that the efficacy of
      alendronate in preventing bone loss was proportional to the duration of
      treatment. The rate of bone loss after withdrawal of alendronate corresponded to
      the normal postmenopausal rate of bone loss. A residual effect on BMD was found
      up to 7 yr after treatment withdrawal.

PMID- 13678771
TI  - Age, gender, and body mass effects on quantitative trait loci for bone mineral
      density: the Framingham Study.
AB  - A genome-wide scan was performed in participants from the Framingham Osteoporosis
      Study (1557 members of 330 mostly Caucasian pedigrees), with 401 microsatellite
      markers spaced on average at 10 cM. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at
      the femoral neck, trochanter, Ward's area, and lumbar spine with DXA. Our recent
      study (J Bone Mines Res 17 (2002), 1718) reported a number of regions with
      suggestive linkage to possible quantitative trait loci (QTL). The current study
      estimates the heterogeneity of linkage in these regions in subsamples of our
      pedigrees, stratified on the known biological contributors to bone mass of sex,
      age, and body mass index (BMI). The pedigree sample was stratified into three
      sets of subgroups by sex [males (age range 35- 96 years), females (29-91 years)],
      by age [60 or younger (29-60 years) and older than 60 (61-96 years)], and by BMI
      [stratified into low or high BMI, by median cut-off 27.7 in males (BMI range 17
      53) and 25.8 in females (14-54)]. Heritability estimates of BMD (adjusted for
      age, anthropometry, nutrition, physical activity, and, in females, estrogen use)
      in subsamples ranged from 0.47 to 0.69. Two-point and multipoint variance
      component linkage analyses of BMD (using SOLAR) in subsamples supported findings
      of previously reported suggestive linkage results in the total sample on 8q24.13
      and 14q31 (LODs>2.0). However, heterogeneity of linkage was observed on 6p21.2
      and 21qter, where findings in the total sample were not supported by subsamples.
      On the other hand, subsample-specific maxima were found, on 4q34.1 (males), 9q22
      9q31 (younger), 16p13.2 (high BMI), and 17p13.3 (older), which were not reflected
      by the total sample results. In conclusion, heterogeneity of QTL effects was
      revealed in pedigree members stratified by sex, age, and BMI; in some instances
      new loci were identified in subgroups. These findings may suggest that effects of
      genes on the determination of BMD differ between men and women, younger and
      older, and lean and obese adults. Evaluation of family members stratified in
      homogeneous groups may be warranted in genetic studies of bone mass.

PMID- 13678772
TI  - Growth in bone strength, body size, and muscle size in a juvenile longitudinal
      sample.
AB  - A longitudinal sample of 20 subjects, measured an average of 34 to 35 times each
      at approximately 6-month intervals from near birth through late adolescence, was
      used to investigate relationships between body size, muscle size, and bone
      structural development. The section modulus, an index of bone strength, was
      calculated from humeral and femoral diaphyseal breadth measurements obtained from
      serial radiographs. Muscle breadths of the forearm and thigh, also measured
      radiographically, were used to estimate muscle cross-sectional areas. Body size
      was assessed as the product of body weight and bone length (humeral or femoral).
      Stature was also investigated as a surrogate body size measure. Growth velocity
      in femoral strength was strongly correlated with growth velocity in body weight.
      femoral length (r2=0.65-0.80), very poorly correlated with growth velocity in
      stature (r2<0.06), and weakly but significantly correlated with growth velocity
      in thigh muscle size (r2=0.10-.25). Growth velocity in humeral strength was
      moderately correlated with that for body weight x humeral length (r2=0.40-0.73),
      very poorly correlated with that for stature (r2<0.05), and showed a marked sex
      difference with forearm muscle area velocity, with males having a stronger
      correlation (r2 approximately 0.65) and females a much weaker correlation (r2
      approximately 0.15). Ages at peak adolescent growth velocity were
      nonsignificantly different between bone strength, body weight x bone length, and
      muscle area, but significantly earlier for stature. Thus, while there was an
      early adolescent "lag" between stature and bone strength, there was no such "lag"
      between a more mechanically appropriate measure of body size and bone strength.
      "Infancy peaks" in bone strength velocities, earlier in the humerus than in the
      femur and not paralleled by similar changes in body size, may be the result of
      the initiation of walking, when mechanical loads relative to body size are
      changing in both the upper and lower limbs. These results argue strongly for the
      importance of mechanical factors in the development of the preadult skeleton.
      Body size is the most important element in the weight-bearing lower limb
      skeleton, while both body size and muscle strength are important in the upper
      limb, especially in males.

PMID- 13678773
TI  - The effects of hormone replacement therapy on cortical bone in postmenopausal
      women. A histomorphometric study.
AB  - Investigations of the actions of estrogen on the skeleton have mainly focused on
      cancellous bone and there are no reported histomorphometric studies of the
      effects of oestrogen on cortical bone in humans. The aim of this study was to
      investigate the effects of both conventional hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
      and high-dose oestradiol on cortical bone in postmenopausal women. Transiliac
      biopsies were obtained from nine postmenopausal women aged 54-71 yr before and
      after 2 yr (mean, 23.5 months) of conventional HRT and in seven postmenopausal
      women aged 52-67 yr after long-term, high-dose oestradiol implant therapy (at
      least 14 yr). Indices of bone turnover, remodeling, and cortical structure were
      assessed by image analysis. Cortical width was highest in the women treated with
      high-dose oestrogen therapy (2.29 +/- 0.78 mm; mean +/- SD) and lowest in
      untreated women (1.36 +/- 0.60 mm; P=0.014). The proportion of canals with an
      eroded surface was significantly lower in the high-dose oestrogen group than in
      women before or after conventional HRT (3.03 +/- 3.7% vs. 11.1 +/- 7.1% and 10.5
      +/- 8.6%; P=0.017 and 0.05, respectively). Bone formation rate
      (microm2/microm/day) in untreated women was significantly higher than in the high
      dose oestrogen group (0.121 +/- 0.072 vs. 0.066 +/- 0.045, respectively; P=0.05),
      values in women treated with conventional HRT being intermediate. Our results
      provide the first histomorphometric evidence in postmenopausal women of dose
      dependent oestrogen-induced suppression of bone turnover in iliac crest cortical
      bone. There was also a trend toward higher wall width with increasing dose of
      oestrogen, consistent with the previously reported anabolic effect in cancellous
      bone.

PMID- 13678774
TI  - The T869C TGF beta polymorphism is associated with fracture, bone mineral
      density, and calcaneal quantitative ultrasound in elderly women.
AB  - Osteoporosis is a disease that is strongly genetically determined and
      polymorphisms present in a range of candidate genes may be involved. A number of
      previous studies have shown an association between the T869C functional
      polymorphism of the gene for transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) and bone
      mineral density (BMD) and fracture, but these studies have been limited to
      relatively small studies of selected subjects. In a population-based study of
      1337 white women over age 70 we examined the TGF beta T869 polymorphism in
      relation to BMD, calcaneal quantitative ultrasound (QUS), and prevalent and
      incident fracture. The TGF beta C allele was observed in 50% of the subjects and
      was associated with reduced hip BMD at all sites (2.8% total hip, 2.4% femoral
      neck, 2.6% intertrochanter, and 3.4% trochanter) compared to the TGF beta TT
      genotype. The TGF beta C allele was also associated with a reduction in the QUS
      parameters BUA, SOS, and stiffness of 0.87%, 0.26%, and 2.4%, respectively,
      compared to the TGF beta TT genotype. After adjustment for body mass index in an
      analysis of variance model, the effect of the TGF beta C allele remained
      significant at the total hip, the femoral neck, and the trochanter, and for the
      QUS SOS and stiffness parameters. The TGF beta C allele was associated with an
      increase in osteoporosis [T score < or =-2.5 SD; odds ratio (OR) 2.07; 95%
      confidence interval (CI) 1.19-3.60] and prevalent fracture (1.37; 95% CI 1.06
      1.75). After adjustment for BMD and QUS stiffness, the association of the TGF
      beta C allele with prevalent fracture was still present (OR 1.40; 95% CI 1.04
      1.89), suggesting that the effect of the C allele on fracture was independent of
      a reduction in BMD and QUS stiffness. Subjects with normal BMD and a TGF beta C
      allele had an increased risk of incident fracture over 3 years compared to
      subjects with normal BMD and a TGF beta TT genotype (relative risk 3.95; 95% CI
      1.52-10.29). This association was not found in osteopenic or in osteoporotic
      subjects, indicating a BMD-TGF beta C allele interaction in relation to the
      association of the TGF beta C allele with fracture risk. These findings are of
      potential clinical usefulness, as the TGF beta T869C genotype could be used, in
      conjunction with other genetic and clinical information, to determine an
      individual's risk of osteoporosis.

PMID- 13678775
TI  - Intravenous intermittent neridronate in the treatment of postmenopausal
      osteoporosis.
AB  - Bisphosphonates have been used with success in the treatment of osteoporosis, but
      oral therapy often lacks compliance. Here we report the results of clinical trial
      with aminobisphosphonate neridronate administered intravenously (i.v.). The study
      included 78 postmenopausal women with spine bone mineral density (BMD) at least 
      2.5 SD below peak. Patients were randomized to receive for 2 years either 50 mg
      i.v. neridronate bimonthly and 500 mg calcium plus 400 U vitamin D supplements
      daily (n=39) or calcium-vitamin D supplements alone (control group, n=39).
      Treatment was continued over 2 years with an additional 1 year follow-up of
      calcium-vitamin D supplements alone. Neridronate was well tolerated with the
      appearance of typical clinical signs of an acute phase reaction in only 3 of the
      patients after the first infusion. In the control group no significant changes in
      BMD or bone markers were observed. In the neridronate group BMD rose
      progressively at the spine rose up to 7.4% +/- 6.1% (SD) and at the femoral neck
      up to 5.8% +/- 8.2% (SD) at the end of the second year. In the succeeding follow
      up these gains were maintained at both skeletal sites. Serum bone alkaline
      phosphatase (bone ALP) and serum type I collagen C-telopeptide (s-CTX)
      significantly decreased within 2 months. The bone ALP values reached a -35%
      plateau after 6 months, while s-CTX attained the lowest mean value (-47%) only by
      the end of the treatment with neridronate. Both bone markers returned almost to
      baseline values 1 year after treatment discontinuation. Treatment of
      postmenopausal osteoporosis with 50 mg i.v. neridronate bimonthly results in
      clinically relevant increases in BMD, among the largest so far observed with any
      other bisphosphonate.

PMID- 13678776
TI  - Biochemical markers of bone metabolism in bone marrow edema syndrome of the hip.
AB  - The aim of this study was to evaluate bone metabolism in patients with bone
      marrow edema syndrome of the hip. In 37 consecutive patients undergoing core
      decompression of the femoral head, biochemical markers of bone metabolism were
      measured in aspirates from cancellous bone and in samples obtained simultaneously
      from peripheral blood. The diagnosis was made by means of radiographs, magnetic
      resonance imaging (MRI), and core biopsy specimens. Undecalcified microtome
      section were available for histopathological evaluation. Bone specific alkaline
      phosphatase (bone ALP), osteocalcin (OC), procollagen Type I N-terminal
      propeptide (PINP), and C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide (ICTP) were studied.
      Mean serum levels of analytes were 13.1 ng/mL (OC), 11.2 ng/mL (bone ALP), 4.7
      ng/mL (ICTP), and 38.8 ng/mL (PINP). In samples obtained from cancellous bone,
      mean concentrations of all markers were elevated significantly. The mean bone to
      serum ratios for bone ALP and OC were 14.1 (P=0.005) and 4.1 (P=0.002),
      respectively. For collagen Type I metabolites, bone to serum ratios averaged 16.3
      (P=0.001) for ICTP and 9.6 (P=0.001) for PINP. Markers of bone formation
      correlated with each other in serum as well as in aspirates from cancellous bone.
      Elevation of all markers in aspirates from cancellous bone pointed at increased
      bone turnover, which correlated with histopathological findings of irregularly
      woven bone, osteoid seams, and lining cells. Mean serum concentrations of all
      markers, however, were not different from healthy individuals and thus did not
      provide any useful clue in the diagnosis of this disease. The lack of
      osteonecrotic regions in our specimens, the marked increase of bone turnover in
      samples obtained from edematous lesions, and the fact that none of the patients
      developed osteonecrosis of the femoral head so far seem to further support the
      contention that transient bone marrow edema syndrome of the hip is a distinct
      clinical entity.

PMID- 13678777
TI  - Cryopreservation with dimethyl sulfoxide sustains partially the biological
      function of osteochondral tissue.
AB  - The clinical routine use of bone allograft transplants dates back to the
      discovery that grafts devitalized by freezing bear a reduced antigenicity. Graft
      failures, caused by a host versus graft reaction, however, remain a clinical
      problem. Previous investigations on pancreatic islet allografts revealed improved
      survival and biological function when fast cryopreservation (-70 degrees C/min)
      was performed in the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The aim of this study
      was to determine the effect of fast freezing using DMSO on the biological
      function of osteochondral tissues. Organ culture was performed with neonatal
      femora of mice, untreated, rapidly frozen (-70 degrees C/min) with DMSO, or
      frozen without DMSO. After the culture, tissue morphology, cellular
      proliferation, osteoblast function, osteoclasts, and the presence of antigen
      presenting cells were investigated. In untreated control femora histology
      appeared normal and proliferating and collagen-synthesizing osteoblasts,
      osteoclasts, and B-cells and macrophages were present. In frozen femora (with and
      without DMSO) a disintegration of the periosteum and the epiphyseal growth plate
      were observed and no active osteoblasts could be detected. Osteoclasts were
      partially detached from the bone surface. Cell proliferation was fully blocked in
      femora frozen in the absence of DMSO, while freezing in the presence of DMSO
      preserved cell proliferation in the medullary canal. The proliferating cells do
      not express epitopes present on the cells of the B-cell or macrophage lineages.
      Although the biological function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts was lost upon
      freezing of osteochondral tissue, DMSO included in freezing protocols preserves
      some residual cell viability which may be of importance for early graft
      revascularization as has been previously demonstrated by our group.

PMID- 13678778
TI  - BMP signaling components are expressed in human fracture callus.
AB  - Of the various growth factors involved in the healing response after a fracture,
      bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are emerging as key modulators. BMPs exert
      their effects by binding to a complex of type I and type II receptors leading to
      the phosphorylation of specific downstream effector proteins called Smads. The
      current study examined the presence of BMP signaling components in human callus
      obtained from five nascent malunions undergoing fracture fixation. These callus
      samples represented various stages of bone healing and a mixture of endochondral
      and intramembraneous bone healing. We performed immunohistochemistry on the
      callus, using antibodies for BMP (BMP-2,-3,-4,-7), their receptors (BMPR-IA, -IB,
      -II), and phosphorylated BMP receptor-regulated Smads (pBMP-R-Smads). Active
      osteoblasts showed fairly consistent positive staining for all BMPs that were
      examined, with the immunoreactivity most intense for BMP-7 and BMP-3.
      Immunostaining for BMPs in osteoblasts appeared to colocalize with the expression
      of BMPR-IA, -IB, and -II. Positive immunostaining for pBMP-R-Smads suggests that
      the BMP receptors expressed in these cells are activated. Staining for BMPs in
      cartilage cells was variable. The immunostaining appeared stronger in more mature
      cells, whereas staining for BMP receptors in cartilage cells was less ubiquitous.
      However, the expression of pBMP-R-Smads in cartilage cells suggests active signal
      transduction. Fibroblast-like cells also had a variable staining pattern.
      Overall, our findings indicate the presence of BMPs, their various receptors, and
      activated forms of receptor-regulated Smads in human fracture callus. To the best
      of our knowledge, this is the first study that documents the expression of these
      proteins in human fracture tissue. Complete elucidation of the roles of BMP in
      bone formation will hopefully lead to improved fracture healing care.

PMID- 13678779
TI  - Anabolic and catabolic bone effects of human parathyroid hormone (1-34) are
      predicted by duration of hormone exposure.
AB  - Parathyroid hormone (PTH)(1-34), given once daily, increases bone mass in a
      variety of animal models and humans with osteoporosis. However, continuous PTH
      infusion has been shown to cause bone loss. To determine the pharmacokinetic
      profile of PTH(1-34) associated with anabolic and catabolic bone responses, PTH(1
      34) pharmacokinetic and serum biochemical profiles were evaluated in young male
      rats using dosing regimens that resulted in either gain or loss of bone mass.
      Once-daily PTH(1-34) or 6 PTH(1-34) injections within 1 h, for a total daily dose
      of 80 microg/kg, induced equivalent increases in proximal tibia bone mass. In
      contrast, 6 PTH(1-34) injections/day over 6 h for a total dose of 80
      microg/kg/day or 3 injections/day over 8 h for a total of 240 microg/kg/day
      decreased tibia bone mass. The PTH(1-34) pharmacokinetics of the different
      treatment regimens were distinctive. The magnitude of the maximum serum
      concentrations (Cmax) of PTH(1-34) and area under the curve (AUC) did not predict
      the catabolic bone outcome. Compared to the anabolic pharmacokinetic profile of a
      transient increase in PTH(1-34) with rapid decreases in serum calcium and
      phosphate, the catabolic regimen was associated with PTH(1-34) concentrations
      remaining above baseline values during the entire 6-h dosing period with a trend
      toward an increase in serum calcium and a prolonged decrease in phosphate. The
      pharmacokinetic profiles suggest that the anabolic or catabolic response of bone
      to PTH(1-34) is determined primarily by the length of time each day that serum
      concentrations of PTH(1-34) remain above baseline levels of endogenous PTH and
      only secondarily by the Cmax or AUC of PTH(1-34) achieved.

PMID- 13678780
TI  - Bone anabolic effects of subcutaneous treatment with basic fibroblast growth
      factor alone and in combination with estrogen in osteopenic ovariectomized rats.
AB  - Although basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is a potent stimulator of bone
      formation when administered intravenously, less is known regarding the effects of
      this peptide on bone following subcutaneous (s.c.) administration. In addition,
      it is unknown whether coadministration of estrogen enhances the bone response to
      treatment with bFGF. Therefore, the purpose of this study was (1) to characterize
      the skeletal response to s.c. injection of a high dose of bFGF, and (2) to
      determine whether concurrent administration of estrogen affects the skeletal
      response to bFGF treatment. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were ovariectomized (ovx)
      or sham-operated (sham) at 3 months of age and left untreated for 2 months to
      establish cancellous osteopenia in the ovx group. The sham rats (n=10) and one
      group of ovx rats (n=9) were then injected s.c. with vehicle alone for 3 weeks.
      Two additional groups of ovx rats were injected s.c. with bFGF (n=10) or with
      bFGF + estrogen (n=10) for 3 weeks. bFGF was administered s.c. at a daily dose of
      1 mg/kg/day and estrogen was administered s.c. 4 days per week at a dose of 10
      microg/kg for the 3-week duration of treatment. Lumbar vertebrae were collected
      and processed undecalcified for quantitative bone histomorphometry. Cancellous
      bone volume was lower and cancellous bone turnover was higher in vehicle-treated
      ovx rats than in vehicle-treated sham rats. Subcutaneous treatment of ovx rats
      with bFGF for 3 weeks resulted in a 4-fold increase in osteoblast surface and an
      8-fold increase in osteoid surface in comparison to vehicle treatment of ovx
      rats. Osteoid volume was also markedly increased in the bFGF-treated ovx rats (7
      +/- 4%) in comparison to vehicle-treated ovx rats (<0.1%). Osteoblast surface,
      osteoid surface, and osteoid volume were nearly identical in ovx rats treated
      with bFGF alone and with bFGF + estrogen. Although the majority of the osteoid in
      bFGF- and bFGF + estrogen-treated animals was deposited along mineralized bone
      surfaces, osteoid spicules without any connections to preexisting bone surfaces
      were also detected, providing definitive proof for bone formation within bone
      marrow in response to bFGF administration. Osteoclast surface, an index of bone
      resorption, was not affected by bFGF treatment. However, cotreatment of ovx rats
      with bFGF + estrogen resulted in lower osteoclast surface in comparison to
      treatment of ovx rats with either vehicle or bFGF alone. In summary, these
      findings indicate that administration of a high dose of bFGF via s.c. injection
      markedly increases bone formation and may be a useful treatment for cancellous
      osteopenia in the estrogen-deplete skeleton. The anabolic effects of bFGF on bone
      are not enhanced by concurrent treatment with estrogen at the replacement dose
      used in this study.

PMID- 13678781
TI  - Bone development and age-related bone loss in male C57BL/6J mice.
AB  - The objective of this study was to examine changes in the long bones of male
      C57BL/6J mice with growth and aging, and to consider the applicability of this
      animal for use in studying Type II osteoporosis. Male C57BL/6J mice were aged in
      our colony between 4 and 104 weeks (n=9-15/group). The right femur and humeri
      were measured for length and subjected to mechanical testing (3-point flexure)
      and compositional analysis. The left femurs were embedded and thick slices at the
      mid-diaphysis were assessed for morphology, formation indices, and bone
      structure. In young mice, rapid growth was marked by substantial increases in
      bone size, mineral mass, and mechanical properties. Maturity occurred between 12
      and 42 weeks of age with the maintenance of bone mass and mechanical properties.
      From peak levels, mice aged for 104 weeks experienced decreased whole femur mass
      (12.1 and 18.6% for dry and ash mass, respectively), percentage mineralization
      (7.4%), diminished whole bone stiffness (29.2%), energy to fracture (51.8%), and
      decreased cortical thickness (20.1%). Indices of surface-based formation
      decreased rapidly from the onset of the study. However, the periosteal perimeter
      and, consequently, the cross-sectional moments of inertia continued to increase
      through 104 weeks, thus maintaining structural properties. This compensated for
      cortical thinning and increased brittleness due to decreased mineralization and
      stiffness. The shape of the mid-diaphysis became increasingly less elliptical in
      aged mice, and endocortical resorption and evidence of subsequent formation were
      present in 20-50% of femurs aged > or =78 weeks. This, combined with the
      appearance of excessive endocortical resorption after 52 weeks, indicated a shift
      in normal mechanisms regulating bone shape and location, and was suggestive of
      remodeling. The pattern of bone loss at the femoral mid-diaphysis in this study
      is markedly similar to that seen in cortical bone in the human femoral neck in
      Type II osteoporosis. This study has thus demonstrated that the male C57BL/6J
      mouse is a novel and appropriate model for use in studying endogenous, aging
      related osteopenia and may be a useful model for the study of Type II
      osteoporosis.

PMID- 13678782
TI  - Fluid shear-induced NFkappaB translocation in osteoblasts is mediated by
      intracellular calcium release.
AB  - Bone formation in response to exogenous mechanical loading is dependent on
      prostaglandin synthesis by the inducible isoform of cyclooxygenase, COX-2. While
      several transcription factors target the COX-2 gene, we examined the role of
      nuclear factor kappa B (NFkappaB) on COX-2 upregulation in osteoblasts in
      response to fluid shear due to its involvement in immune and inflammatory
      responses in other cell types. Application of 12 dyn/cm2 laminar flow to MC3T3-E1
      osteoblast-like cells resulted in translocation of NFkappaB to the nucleus within
      1 h of the onset of shear, with NFkappaB returning to the cytoplasm after 2 h of
      continuous flow. NFkappaB translocation in response to shear was inhibited by the
      protease inhibitor, Nalpha-p-tosyl-L-lysine chloromethylketone hydrochloride
      (TLCK), or a cell-permeant peptide that blocks the nuclear localization sequence
      (NLS) on NFkappaB. Block of NFkappaB translocation with these inhibitors blocked
      the shear-induced upregulation of COX-2. We found that disruption of the actin
      cytoskeleton with cytochalasin D or microtubules with nocodozol did not alter
      NFkappaB translocation in response to shear. However, addition of the
      intracellular Ca2+ chelator BAPTA completely blocked NFkappaB translocation.
      While block of Ca2+ entry with channel blockers failed to inhibit NFkappaB
      translocation, inhibition of phospholipase C (PLC)-induced intracellular Ca2+
      release with the PLC inhibitor U73122 completely abrogated the NFkappaB response
      to shear. These data indicate that NFkappaB translocation to the nucleus is
      essential for the fluid shear-induced increase in COX-2. Further, these studies
      suggest that intracellular Ca2+ release, but not the cytoskeletal architecture,
      is important to NFkappaB translocation.

PMID- 13678783
TI  - Speed of sound measurements of the third metacarpal bone in young exercising
      thoroughbred racehorses.
AB  - The purpose of this longitudinal in-field study was to evaluate the influence of
      exercise, age, and gender on superficial cortical bone of the third metacarpal
      bone (MC III) in young Thoroughbreds by measuring speed of sound (SOS) values
      with an axial transmission technique (Omnisense, Sunlight Ltd, Israel). Both MC
      III of 75 racehorses, 2 to 4 years old, were monitored with SOS measurements in 5
      to 7-week intervals during a 9- month physical exercise period. Medical data and
      training programs (slow gallop, canter, and high-speed work) of each horse were
      recorded. SOS measurements began before 2-year-old horses started high-speed
      training. SOS values of the dorsal aspect of MC III were significantly lower in
      comparison with values obtained at the lateral and the medial aspect of MC III,
      and SOS values were inversely correlated with measurement cycles. Significant
      limb-associated differences in dorsal MC III SOS values were observed at
      measurement cycles 2, 3, and 4. SOS values obtained at the lateral and medial
      aspect of MC III increased with age. SOS values obtained at the dorsal aspect of
      MC III, decreased with age. Mares had significantly higher SOS values at the
      dorsal aspect of MC III, when compared with corresponding values in stallions. In
      2-year-old Thoroughbreds SOS values of the dorsal MC III were significantly
      different between cycles 1 and 2, between cycles 3 and 4, and between cycles 4
      and 5. Three-year-old horses showed significant differences between SOS values of
      the dorsal MC III obtained at cycles 3 and 4. Training intensities did not
      significantly influence SOS values. The results indicate that young exercising
      Thoroughbred racehorses have age-, gender-, and measurement-cycle-dependent
      variations in SOS values of MC III, which probably reflect adaptive variations in
      superficial cortical bone properties of MC III.

PMID- 13678784
TI  - Human chaperonin 60 (Hsp60) stimulates bone resorption: structure/function
      relationships.
AB  - It is established that the molecular chaperone, chaperonin 60, from various
      bacteria and from Homo sapiens has cell-cell signalling activity and is able to
      induce proinflammatory cytokine synthesis. We previously reported that chaperonin
      60 proteins from Gram-negative bacteria, but not mycobacteria, have the capacity
      to resorb cultured murine calvarial bone. We now report that lipopolysaccharide
      low human recombinant chaperonin 60 (Hsp60) is a relatively weak cytokine
      inducing agonist but is a potent stimulator of murine calvarial bone resorption.
      The osteolytic activity of Hsp60 was significantly inhibited by indomethacin,
      interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, and osteoprotegerin, but 5-lipoxygenase
      inhibitors were less effective. Analysis of Hsp60 truncation mutants revealed
      that N-terminal mutants (Delta1-137, Delta1-358, and Delta1-465) retained bone
      resorbing activity. In contrast, a C-terminal truncation mutant (Delta1-26 +
      Delta466-573) was inactive. This suggests that the active domain in this protein
      is found within residues 466-573. It is now established that Hsp60 is present in
      the blood of the majority of the population with the normal range encompassing
      levels able to activate bone cells. The possibility exists that this protein
      could play a role in bone remodelling.

PMID- 13678785
TI  - Bone morphogenetic protein 2 induces placental growth factor in mesenchymal stem
      cells.
AB  - Bone-forming osteoblasts differentiate from pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells
      (MSCs) in a multistage process that can be modeled in vitro using MSCs isolated
      from adult human trabecular bone or bone marrow. To identify new genes involved
      in osteoblast differentiation, we have performed large-scale gene expression
      profiling using high-density cDNA microarrays in primary human MSCs treated with
      the known osteogenic agent bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2). The vascular
      endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family member placental growth factor (PlGF) was
      found as an early regulated gene whose induction was already detected after 2 h
      treatment with BMP-2. Tissue distribution analysis of PlGF mRNA expression using
      microarrays revealed a very restricted expression of PlGF only in BMP-2-treated
      MSCs and in placenta as expected. Ribonuclease protection assay (RPA) confirmed
      the induction of PlGF and showed preferential expression of the PlGF-1 isoform
      over PLGF-2 in MSCs and MG63 cells. BMP-2 stimulated PlGF expression in MG63
      cells with an EC50 of about 50 ng/ml and mRNA levels peaked between 24 and 32 h
      after stimulation. Furthermore, induction of PlGF by BMP-2 appeared specific, as
      other osteogenic agents including vitamin D3, transforming growth factor beta,
      and basic fibroblast growth factor were inactive. BMP-2 stimulated PlGF secretion
      from MG63 and MSC cells, but PlGF had no effect on MSC proliferation and
      osteoblastic differentiation. Based on the known function of PlGF in the
      recruitment of endothelial and hematopoietic stem cells, these results suggest a
      paracrine role for MSC-derived PlGF in the angiogenesis and hematopoiesis that
      accompany BMP-2-induced bone formation.

PMID- 13678786
TI  - Osteoclastogenesis in fibrous dysplasia of bone: in situ and in vitro analysis of
      IL-6 expression.
AB  - Fibrous dysplasia of bone (FD) is caused by somatic mutations of the GNAS1 gene,
      which lead to constitutive activation of adenylyl cyclase and overproduction of
      cAMP in osteogenic cells. Previous in vitro studies using nonclonal,
      heterogeneous strains of FD-derived cells suggested that IL-6 might play a
      critical role in promoting excess osteoclastogenesis in FD. In this study, we
      investigated IL-6 expression in FD in situ and its relationship to the actual
      patterns of osteoclastogenesis within the abnormal tissue. We found that
      osteoclastogenesis is not spatially restricted to bone surfaces in FD but occurs
      to a large extent ectopicly in the fibrous tissue, where stromal cells diffusely
      express IL-6 mRNA and exhibit a characteristic cell morphology. We also observed
      specific expression of IL-6 mRNA in a proportion of osteoclasts, suggesting that
      an autocrine/paracrine loop may contribute to osteoclastogenesis in vivo in FD,
      as in some other bone diseases, including Paget's disease. We also generated
      homogeneous, clonally derived strains of wild-type and GNAS1-mutated stromal
      cells from the same individual, parent FD lesions. In this way, we could show
      that mutated stromal cells produce IL-6 at a basal magnitude and rate that are
      significantly higher than in the cognate wild-type cells. Conversely, wild-type
      cells respond to db-cAMP with a severalfold increase in magnitude and rate of IL
      6 production, whereas mutant strains remain essentially unresponsive. Our data
      establish a direct link between GNAS1 mutations in stromal cells and IL-6
      production but also define the complexity of the role of IL-6 in regulating
      osteoclastogenesis in FD in vivo. Here, patterns of osteoclastogenesis and bone
      resorption reflect not only the cell-autonomous effects of GNAS1 mutations in
      osteogenic cells (including IL-6 production) but also the local and systemic
      context to which non-osteogenic cells, local proportions of wild-type vs mutated
      cells, and systemic hormones contribute.

PMID- 13678788
TI  - Smart and genetically engineered biomaterials and drug delivery systems.
AB  - The design, synthesis, and properties of novel stimuli-sensitive and genetically
      engineered biomaterials and drug delivery systems are reviewed. Two approaches to
      their engineering are presented. One approach is to improve the traditional
      methods of synthesis, as demonstrated by the example of controlled
      copolymerization of alpha-amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides. The other approach,
      discussed in more detail, uses genetic engineering methods. The design of hybrid
      hydrogel systems whose components derive from at least two distinct classes of
      molecules, e.g., synthetic macromolecules and protein domains, is assessed. The
      design of self-assembling block copolymers is discussed in detail. Finally, the
      pharmaceutics related applications of these materials are presented.

PMID- 13678787
TI  - Destruxins, cyclodepsipeptides, block the formation of actin rings and prominent
      clear zones and ruffled borders in osteoclasts.
AB  - Bone-resorbing osteoclasts exhibit polarized morphological structures such as
      actin rings, clear zones, and ruffled borders. To gain insight into the mechanism
      of bone-resorbing activity of osteoclast and to discover new types of anti
      resorptive agents, we have screened for natural compounds that inhibit the bone
      resorbing activity of osteoclast-like multinucleated cells (OCLs). Destruxin B
      (DestB) and E (DestE), cyclodepsipeptides, were found to inhibit pit formation
      without affecting osteoclast differentiation and survival. Destruxins reversibly
      induced morphological changes in OCLs in a dose-dependent manner (DestB, 0.2-1
      microM; DestE, 0.01-0.05 microM) and inhibited pit formation. Destruxin-induced
      morphological changes were accompanied by disruption of the actin rings in OCLs.
      The formation of actin rings in OCLs after adhesion was also inhibited by
      destruxins. Electron microscopical analysis revealed that destruxin-treated OCLs
      on dentine slices have no prominent clear zones and ruffled borders. The
      effective concentrations of destruxins on the morphological changes were almost
      the same as those that inhibited bone resorption in organ culture system. These
      results suggest that the anti-resorptive effects of destruxins result from
      induction of a disorder of the morphological structures in polarized OCLs.

PMID- 13678789
TI  - Highly water-soluble derivatives of the anesthetic agent propofol: in vitro and
      in vivo evaluation of cyclic amino acid esters.
AB  - Cyclic amino acid esters of propofol were synthesized in an attempt to develop
      new water-soluble anesthetic agents. Their solubility and stability in aqueous
      solution, and their ability to release propofol in vitro under physiological
      conditions were determined. L-Proline (6a) and racemic nipecotic acid (6c) esters
      were found to be highly soluble in water. Sufficiently stable at physiological pH
      (half-lives >6 h), the alpha-amino acid esters, 6a and 6b, were found to be
      quantitatively hydrolyzed in plasma and liver esterase solutions within a few
      minutes, showing prodrug behavior. The in vitro activity of the esters,
      determined either by the [(35)S]tert-butylbicyclophosphorothionate ([(35)S]TBPS)
      binding assay or electrophysiological measurements of the action at cloned human
      receptors, proved to be a mechanism involving allosteric modulation of GABA(A)
      receptors. Indeed, L-proline (6a), and racemic pipecolinate (6b) and nipecotate
      (6c), like propofol, reduced [(35)S]TBPS binding, whereas isonipecotate (6d)
      showed bicuculline-like behavior, increasing [(35)S]TBPS binding. A nonlinear
      relation between GABA(A) receptor binding affinity and lipophilicity, as assessed
      by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, emerged as a trend. The
      in vivo anticonvulsant and anesthetic activities of prolinate 6a,
      intraperitoneally administered in water solution, showed that is a water-soluble
      propofol prodrug candidate for developing formulations useful for parenteral
      administration.

PMID- 13678791
TI  - Pharmaceutical industry's barriers and preferences to conduct clinical drug
      trials in Finland: a qualitative study.
AB  - The objectives of our study were to explore the barriers, preferences and
      attitudes of the pharmaceutical industry towards conducting clinical trials in
      Finland. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18
      representatives of the pharmaceutical industry with different amounts of
      experience of clinical trials. The interviews were audiotaped, transcribed
      verbatim and analysed qualitatively. Overall, the respondents had a positive
      attitude towards conducting clinical trials in Finland. The major barriers seemed
      to occur at the beginning of the trial and mostly consisted of bureaucratic
      obstacles. The informants hoped for a more positive attitude of the public
      sector, more flexibility in hospitals and professionalism in practical
      implementation, e.g. having special research centres or site management services.
      The most dismotivating factors were the high costs and the constraints imposed by
      bureaucracy. The variety in practices of local ethics committees was considered
      problematic, and the need for common standard operating procedures was pointed
      out. The smallest barriers were encountered in subject recruitment by the
      investigators and their clinical work, documentation, investigational product
      logistics and communication with the regulatory authorities. The quality, know
      how and reliability of the study personnel, the tightening of time lines in
      general, an investigator register/pool and collaboration with media in
      disseminating information about clinical trials to the general public were
      reported as the most appealing factors. Training in GCP, mainly incorporated in
      the medical education programme, and a certificate or equivalent were generally
      considered necessary, though a voluntary system was preferred. The barriers and
      preferences pointed out suggest various improvements and ways to produce high
      quality, GCP-compliant clinical drug research and to ensure the availability of
      sufficient conditions to carry out clinical trials also in the future.

PMID- 13678790
TI  - Effects of the permeability enhancers, tetradecylmaltoside and dimethyl-beta
      cyclodextrin, on insulin movement across human bronchial epithelial cells
      (16HBE14o-).
AB  - The permeability of human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE14o(-)) to
      radiolabelled insulin ([125I]insulin) formulated in the absence or presence of
      two different saccharide-containing permeability enhancers was investigated. In
      the absence of either enhancer, mannitol permeability and transepithelial
      electrical resistance (R(TE)) remained essentially unaffected for the duration of
      a 2-h experiment. Addition of either 0.125% tetradecylmaltoside (TDM) or 1%
      dimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin (DMBCD) to the apical surface of cells resulted in
      increased mannitol permeability and decreased R(TE), suggesting a loosening of
      cellular tight junctions and a concomitant increase in paracellular movement.
      Addition of [125I]insulin to the apical side of 16HBE14o(-) cells in the absence
      or presence of 1% DMBCD resulted in little or no [125I]insulin movement to the
      basolateral chamber or degradation in the apical chamber. However, in the
      presence of 0.125% TDM, the amount of intact [125I]insulin remaining in the
      apical chamber was substantially decreased, while [125I]insulin and 125I-labeled
      fragments were recovered on the basolateral side of the cells after 2 h. These
      findings provide evidence that the loosening of the tight junctions between cells
      achieved with DMBCD is not sufficient to stimulate transepithelial insulin
      movement, whereas exposure to 0.125% TDM causes an increase in [125I]insulin
      permeation and degradation.

PMID- 13678792
TI  - Role of a non-natural beta-C-nucleotide unit in DNA as a template for DNA and RNA
      syntheses and as a substrate for nucleolytic digestion.
AB  - A non-natural beta-C-nucleoside bearing a 3,4-dibenzyloxyphenyl group as a
      nucleobase (X) was synthesized and incorporated into a 34-mer oligomer with the
      sequence 5'-dTTTTTAAAAAAXATATAGCAGCGACATGTCACCG-3'. This synthetic
      oligonucleotide was examined for template activity in the enzymatic syntheses of
      DNA by the Klenow fragments of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I and the
      recombinant DNA polymerase I, and in the synthesis of RNA by the E. coli RNA
      polymerase core enzyme. As a result, the template-directed polymerization of both
      DNA and RNA was precisely terminated at the position of X. The X-containing
      oligonucleotide was also tested for digestion by an exonuclease, Exo III nuclease
      (Exo III), and an endonuclease, Mung Bean nuclease (MB). The results indicate
      that the artificial nucleobase X acts as a terminator for digestion by Exo III,
      whereas the site X becomes susceptible to digestion by MB. These findings provide
      a useful tool for the size control of products in the synthesis and degradation
      of nucleic acids.

PMID- 13678793
TI  - Study of the biodegradation and in vivo biocompatibility of novel biomaterials.
AB  - The degradation of two rosin-based biomaterials, the glycerol ester of maleic
      rosin (GMR) and the pentaerythritol ester of maleic rosin (PMR), was examined in
      vitro in phosphate-buffered saline at pH 7.4 and in vivo in a subcutaneous rat
      model. Free films of the two biomaterials with mean thickness 0.4+/-0.02 mm were
      used for the study. The initial biocompatibility was followed by microscopic
      examination of the inflammatory tissue response to the implanted films. Sample
      weight loss and molecular weight decline of the free films was used to monitor
      the degradation quantitatively, while surface morphological changes were analysed
      for qualitative estimation. Biocompatibility response was followed on post
      operative days 7, 14, 21 and 28 and compared with those of poly(DL-lactic-co
      glycolic acid) (PLGA) (50:50) films. Both biomaterials showed slow in vitro
      degradation when compared with the in vivo rate. The mechanism followed was,
      however, bulk degradation of the films. The penta-esterified form of maleic rosin
      was observed to degrade more rapidly than glycerol esterified maleic rosin. The
      acute and subacute inflammatory reactions were characterized by fibrosis at the
      end of 28 days. The biomaterials showed reasonable tissue tolerance to the extent
      evaluated. There was a total absence of tissue necrosis or abscess formation for
      all implanted films. The response, although not identical to that of PLGA, is
      reasonable, promising new drug delivery applications for rosin biomaterials.

PMID- 13678794
TI  - Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR): studies of inhibitors of
      tyrosine kinase.
AB  - A quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) study of the 1
      phenylbenzimidazoles as inhibitors of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor
      (PDGFR) was performed. Some new electronic parameters Q(o), Q(m) and Q(p) are
      suggested for characterizing the effect of substituents. Many other descriptors
      are also used which are selected by evolution algorithm (EA) using modified Cp as
      objective function proposed by the present authors. The descriptor Q(m) is shown
      to be an important variable to express effect of substituents. The variable
      selection shows that spatial descriptors are most important variables revealing
      important properties of the inhibitors. Electron-releasing substitutes at 5
      position and the absence of bulky groups at 4,7-positions of the parent structure
      can enhance inhibitor activity. Principal component analysis is performed to
      classify this series of compounds.

PMID- 13678795
TI  - The effect of a PEG versus a chitosan coating on the interaction of drug
      colloidal carriers with the ocular mucosa.
AB  - The influence of the surface characteristics of colloidal drug carriers in their
      interaction with different biological surfaces is becoming increasingly evident.
      In order to investigate the importance of these characteristics in their
      interaction with the ocular mucosa, we developed three types of nanocapsules that
      differ in their surface properties: poly- epsilon -caprolactone (PECL)
      nanocapsules, chitosan (CS)-coated PECL nanocapsules and poly(ethylene glycol)
      (PEG)-coated PECL nanocapsules. Two different approaches were used to form these
      polymer coated nanocapsules: (i) the electrostatic anchorage of the coating onto
      the PECL nanocapsules-in the case of CS-and (ii) the use of the previously
      synthesized copolymer PECL-PEG for the formation of the nanocapsules. In both
      cases, the systems, prepared by the interfacial deposition technique, were loaded
      with a fluorescent dye (rhodamine) in order to quantify and visualize their
      interaction with the ocular surface ex vivo and in vivo. An important conclusion
      from the ex vivo studies is that the developed systems, and specially the CS
      coated ones, enhanced the penetration of the encapsulated dye through the cornea.
      This effect was not simple due to the physical presence of the nanocapsules but
      to their ability to carry the encapsulated compound. The second conclusion from
      the confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) studies is that the systems were
      able to enter the corneal epithelium by a transcellular pathway and that the
      penetration rate was dependent on the coating composition. The images suggest
      that the PEG coating accelerates the transport of the nanocapsules across the
      whole epithelium, whereas the CS coating favours the retention of the
      nanocapsules in the superficial layers of the epithelium. The specific behaviour
      of CS-coated systems was also corroborated in vivo. These results indicate that
      the surface composition of colloidal drug carriers affects their biodistribution
      in the eye. Therefore, this surface modification approach can be used as a
      targeting strategy in ocular drug delivery.

PMID- 13678796
TI  - The retention of 14C-labelled poly(acrylic acids) on gastric and oesophageal
      mucosa: an in vitro study.
AB  - Polymers that bind from solution onto gastric mucosa can be used either as a
      means of facilitating localised drug delivery, or can act as therapeutic agents
      in their own right (e.g. by forming a protective layer or by inhibiting enzymes).
      In our previous study [Int. J. Pharm. 236 (2002) 87], the binding and retention
      of labelled poly(acrylic acid)s on sections of gastric mucosa from pigs was
      evaluated using 'dynamic flow' conditions and a high molecular weight
      poly(acrylic acid) was found to bind most avidly. In the current study, 3%
      solutions of 'low', 'high' and 'ultra high' molecular weight polymers were
      evaluated in the 'dynamic flow' model for their ability to bind to tissues from
      the fundic and pyloric regions of the stomach and the oesophagus of pigs. All the
      polymers tested were retained on each mucosa for extended periods; the high and
      ultra high molecular weight polymers showed the greatest retention. Examination
      of the kinetics of polymer elution suggested that two fractions exist, 'bound'
      and 'unbound' polymer, showing differing retention profiles. The high molecular
      weight polymer showed the greatest retention on pyloric tissue, particularly on
      the upper sections. The retention of the ultra high and high molecular weight
      polymer was similar on the fundic and oesophageal mucosa, and the distribution
      was even across the tissue. It was concluded that poly(acrylic acid) binding from
      solution presents a therapeutic opportunity, and the differences in binding and
      retention of the polymers on the different mucosae could present an opportunity
      for targeting.

PMID- 13678797
TI  - Examination of oral absorption and lymphatic transport of halofantrine in a
      triple-cannulated canine model after administration in self-microemulsifying drug
      delivery systems (SMEDDS) containing structured triglycerides.
AB  - The potential for lipidic self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS)
      containing triglycerides with a defined structure, where the different fatty
      acids on the glycerol backbone exhibit different metabolic fate, to improve the
      lymphatic transport and the portal absorption of a poorly water-soluble drug,
      halofantrine, were investigated in fasted lymph cannulated canines. Two different
      structured triglycerides were incorporated into the SMEDDS; 1,3-dioctanoyl-2
      linoleyl-sn-glycerol (C8:0-C18:2-C8:0) (MLM) and 1,3-dilinoyl-2-octanoyl-sn
      glycerol (C18:2-C8:0-C18:2) (LML). A previously optimised SMEDDS formulation for
      halofantrine, comprising of triglyceride, Cremophor EL, Maisine 35-1 and ethanol
      was selected for bioavailability assessment. The extent of lymphatic transport
      via the thoracic duct was 17.9% of the dose for the animals dosed with the MLM
      SMEDDS and 27.4% for LML. Also the plasma availability was affected by the
      triglyceride incorporated into the multi-component delivery system and
      availabilities of 56.9% (MLM) and 37.2% (LML) were found. These data indicate
      that the pharmaceutical scientist can use the structure of the lipid to affect
      the relative contribution of the two absorption pathways. The MLM formulation
      produced a total bioavailability of 74.9%, which is higher than the total
      absorption previously observed after post-prandial administration. This could
      indicate the utility of disperse lipid-base formulations based on structured
      triglycerides for the oral delivery of halofantrine, and potentially other
      lipophilic drugs.

PMID- 13678798
TI  - Paracellular and passive transcellular permeability in immortalized human corneal
      epithelial cell culture model.
AB  - A cell culture model of human corneal epithelium (HCE-model) was recently
      introduced [Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 42 (2001) 2942] as a tool for ocular
      drug permeation studies. In this study, passive permeability and esterase
      activity of the HCE-model were characterised. Immortalised human corneal
      epithelial cells were grown on collagen coated filters under air-lift. The
      sensitivity of transcellular permeability to lipophilicity was tested in studies
      using nine beta-blockers. The size selectivity of the paracellular route was
      investigated using 16 polyethylene glycol oligomers (PEG). An effusion-like
      approach was used to estimate porosity and pore sizes of the paracellular space
      in HCE membrane. Permeability and degradation of fluorescein diacetate to
      fluorescein in HCE-cells was used to probe the esterase activity of the HCE
      model. Drug concentrations were analyzed using HPLC (beta-blockers), LC-MS
      (PEGs), and fluorometry (fluorescein). Permeabilities were compared to those in
      the excised rabbit cornea. Penetration of beta-blockers increased with
      lipophilicity according to a sigmoidal relationship. This was almost similar to
      the profile in excised cornea. No apical to basolateral directionality was seen
      in the permeation of beta-blockers. Paracellular permeability of the HCE-model
      was generally slightly higher than that of the excised rabbit cornea. The HCE
      model has larger paracellular pores, but lower pore density than the excised
      cornea, but the overall paracellular space was fairly similar in both models. The
      HCE-model shows significant esterase activity (i.e. fluorescein diacetate was
      converted to free fluorescein). These data on permeability of 27 compounds
      demonstrate that the barrier of the HCE-model closely resembles that of the
      excised rabbit cornea. Therefore, the HCE-model is a promising alternative
      corneal substitute for ocular drug delivery studies.

PMID- 13678799
TI  - Epidermal cell culture model derived from rat keratinocytes with permeability
      characteristics comparable to human cadaver skin.
AB  - The permeability characteristics of an organotypic epidermal culture model
      derived from rat epidermal keratinocytes, ROC, and isolated human cadaver
      epidermis, HEM, were compared. Rat epidermal keratinocyte (REK) cell line was
      grown for 3 weeks on collagen gel in the absence of feeder cells in culture
      inserts at an air-liquid interface. Transdermal permeabilities of 18 compounds
      ranging from 92 to 504 in molecular weight and from -4.3 to 3.9 in log of octanol
      water partition coefficient, charged or uncharged, were measured in the culture
      model and isolated human epidermis. The REK organotypic culture model (ROC)
      provided a close estimate of human epidermal permeabilities over the whole range
      of the solutes used with on the average of 2-fold higher permeability
      coefficients (range 0.3-5.2) than those obtained from isolated human cadaver
      epidermis. The easily maintained and reproducible ROC model may be useful in
      screening transepidermal drug permeabilities together with possessing potential
      for research on dermal formulations, irritation, toxicity and gene therapy.

PMID- 13678800
TI  - Quantitative structure-pharmacokinetic relationships for disposition parameters
      of cephalosporins.
AB  - This study explores the utility of quantitative structure-pharmacokinetic
      relationship models of the disposition parameters: clearance (CL), apparent
      volume of drug distribution (V(ap)), fractal clearance (CL(f)), and fractal
      volume (v(f)), for a series of 23 cephalosporins used in therapeutics. Data for
      CL, V(ap) and elimination half-life were obtained from literature, whereas CL(f)
      and v(f) were calculated from the literature data for CL and V(ap), respectively.
      A variety of descriptors expressing acidity/basicity, lipophilicity, molecular
      size and hydrogen bonding properties were estimated using computer packages. For
      each pharmacokinetic parameter, projection to latent structures (PLS) was applied
      to the total dataset. Adequate PLS models, with one principal component, were
      derived for CL, CL(f), V(ap) and v(f). Identical descriptors were found to be
      significant for the two clearance as well as for the two volume of distribution
      terms. CL and CL(f) expressed similar performance while the predictive
      performance of v(f) was much higher than that of V(ap). Multiple linear and non
      linear regression models were developed. The regression results were in agreement
      with the PLS models. The non-linear models were superior to the relevant linear
      relationships. The worst models found were for V(ap) (R(2)=0.523 and R(2)=0.571
      for the linear and non-linear model, respectively) and the best models found were
      for v(f) (R(2)=0.729 and R(2)=0.824 for the linear and non-linear model,
      respectively).

PMID- 13678801
TI  - In vitro release of sodium diclofenac from a central core matrix tablet aimed for
      colonic drug delivery.
AB  - The present study was aimed at developing a novel sodium diclofenac formulation
      for colonic release. The proposed delivery system consisted in a polymeric matrix
      tablet containing a drug central core purposely designed for obtaining a time
      controlled release profile characterized by an initial phase of lag-time followed
      by a controlled release phase, according to zero order kinetics. The spheric
      central core was formed by a solid dispersion of the drug into the hydrophilic
      polymer PEG 4000, which enabled an improvement of drug dissolution properties
      with respect to other carriers such as lactose. Eudragit RS100 was used as inert
      polymeric matrix for the core coating, mixed (50:50, w/w) with sodium chloride
      and Emdex as channeling agents. Tablets containing the drug central core were
      prepared by direct compression, without any other excipient, and tested for
      dissolution properties according to the USP paddle method, under pH-gradient
      conditions. For both series of formulations, lag times increased with decreasing
      the channeling agent particle size, as a consequence of the smaller pores formed
      by its dissolution. However, formulations containing sodium chloride always
      showed longer lag times than the corresponding with Emdex and were more effective
      in providing prolonged zero-order release periods. This was mainly attributed to
      the plastic deformation properties under compression shown by sodium chloride,
      leading to a less porous, more compact network which more strictly controlled
      solvent penetration and drug dissolution and release rates. By varying the sodium
      chloride/Eudragit w/w ratio, it was possible to suitably modulate the length of
      both the lag time (for achieving colonic targeting) and zero-order release
      phases.

PMID- 13678803
TI  - Preventing heart disease in women--results from the conference, "Women and Heart
      Disease: Putting Prevention Into Primary Care".

PMID- 13678804
TI  - The primary prevention of heart disease in women through health behavior change
      promotion in primary care.
AB  - PURPOSE: To summarize recent evidence-based recommendations for physical activity
      promotion, dietary improvement, and tobacco cessation from the U.S. Preventive
      Services Task Force (USPSTF) and the Task Force on Community Preventive Services
      (CTF), and examine their applicability to the primary prevention of
      cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women through primary care interventions.
      METHODS: For the behaviors cited, USPSTF and CTF recommendations and their
      associated systematic evidence reviews (SERs) were retrieved. Individual articles
      from the USPSTF healthy diet and physical activity SERs that met our inclusion
      criteria were systematically examined to determine the applicability of this
      research to women. We supplemented findings from these sources with comprehensive
      federal research summaries and SERs from focused searches of systematic review
      databases relevant to primary CVD prevention in women through healthy behavior
      change. MAIN FINDINGS: The USPSTF strongly recommends primary care interventions
      for tobacco cessation. Strong CTF recommendations for multicomponent systems
      supports for clinicians, telephone support for quitters, and reduced patient
      costs for effective cessation therapies guide complementary approaches to assist
      clinicians. The USPSTF recommends intensive behavioral dietary counseling by
      specialists for high-risk CVD patients, but found insufficient evidence to
      recommend for routine healthy diet or physical activity promotion in primary
      care. The evidence base for these recommendations generally applies to women.
      Better reporting of gender and minority subgroup outcomes will assist more in
      depth understanding of potential differences in either the processes or outcomes
      of behavior change interventions. CONCLUSIONS: Primary care clinicians, including
      obstetrician-gynecologists, can contribute to preventing CVD in women through
      implementing credible evidence-based recommendations for clinical interventions
      in tobacco and healthy diet. Researchers can further our understanding of gender
      specific issues in healthy behavior interventions by reporting process and
      outcome data for gender and minority subgroups.

PMID- 13678805
TI  - Physician adherence to preventive cardiology guidelines for women.
AB  - Despite the publication of the American Heart Association/American College of
      Cardiology (AHA/ACC) "Guide to Preventive Cardiology for Women" primary care
      screening and treatment of women at risk for coronary heart disease risk is not
      optimal. The purpose of this article is to apply a framework of physician
      behavior to describe specific challenges in implementing clinical practice
      guidelines for women's cardiovascular health in the primary care setting.
      Specifically, we illustrate 1) underlying barriers to adherence, 2) attempts and
      interventions to overcome these barriers, and 3) future areas of research to
      improve physician adherence to guidelines for the prevention and treatment of
      heart disease in women.

PMID- 13678806
TI  - Improving women's quality of care for cardiovascular disease and diabetes: the
      feasibility and desirability of stratified reporting of objective performance
      measures.
AB  - Despite growing recognition of significant morbidity and mortality among women
      from cardiovascular disease, management of primary and secondary cardiac risk
      factors continues to be suboptimal for many women. Although there is a good deal
      of room to improve the care for cardiovascular disease and diabetes in men,
      existing gender differences in performance suggest much can be gained by
      specifically assessing and monitoring quality of care for these conditions in
      women. In this paper, we describe recent work showing gender differences in
      quality of ambulatory care in managed care plans with some plans having
      substantial gender differences on widely used measures of the quality of primary
      and secondary prevention of cardiac disease. We then discuss potential benefits
      of and barriers to routine reporting of objective measures of the quality of
      care, such as Health Plan Employer Data and Information Set (HEDIS) measures, by
      health plans.

PMID- 13678807
TI  - Older women and exercise: explanatory concepts.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Older women remain predominantly sedentary despite potential health
      benefits and reduced risks of cardiovascular disease associated with regular
      exercise. Primary care interventions to increase exercise need to focus on
      constructs amenable to intervention that predict exercise behavior. PURPOSE: The
      study tested an explanatory model of older women's exercise behavior using
      concepts from social cognitive theory, the transtheoretical model, and the theory
      of planned behavior (self-efficacy, outcome expectancy, perceived exercise
      barriers, processes of change, perceived health, and age). METHODS: Data were
      collected by interviews with 203 older community-dwelling women physically
      capable of some exercise. Ordinary least squares regression results were used to
      determine the direct and indirect effects in a path model. FINDINGS: All concepts
      and 13 hypothesized paths were retained in the trimmed model. The constructs
      accounted for 46% of the variance in exercise behavior. Outcome expectancy had
      the largest total effect. Processes of change had the largest direct effect on
      exercise behavior. Exercise self-efficacy and perceived exercise barriers
      accounted for similar amounts of variance in exercise behavior, whereas age and
      health had only modest effects. CONCLUSION: Important constructs for future
      exercise model testing and intervention research should include outcome
      expectancy, processes of change, exercise self-efficacy, and perceived barriers
      to exercise. Primary care interventions designed to increase older women's
      exercise should focus on these same constructs.

PMID- 13678808
TI  - Cardiovascular disease risk in lesbian women.
AB  - Lesbians may be a higher risk subpopulation of women for cardiovascular disease
      due to the prevalence of risk factors and attitudes about weight. In a survey of
      648 women, we compared various cardiovascular risk factors between 324 lesbians
      age 40 and older residing in California and their heterosexual sisters closest in
      age. Compared with their sisters, the lesbians had a significantly higher body
      mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). The lesbians were
      also more likely to have ever smoked, but were as likely as their sisters to be
      current smokers. They were significantly less likely to have eaten red meat in
      the past year, but did not differ significantly from their sisters on the other
      nutritional variables. They were more likely, however, to report a history of
      weight cycling. With regard to exercise, the lesbians were significantly more
      likely to exercise at least weekly. Yet the two groups did not differ in the
      number of times per week exercised, the length of the exercise session, nor the
      exercise vigor. This is the first study to report waist circumference
      measurements and WHR for lesbians. Our findings suggest that lesbians, as a
      group, may have greater abdominal/visceral adiposity and, thus, a metabolic
      profile placing them at higher risk for cardiovascular disease. Future studies of
      cardiovascular risk in lesbians should measure low-density lipoprotein, C
      reactive protein, and identifiers of the metabolic syndrome, namely blood
      pressure, triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein levels, and fasting glucose.
      Interventions designed to reduce abdominal/visceral adiposity in lesbians should
      also be examined in future studies.

PMID- 13678809
TI  - Structural and functional models for the dinuclear copper active site in catechol
      oxidases. Synthesis, X-ray crystal structures, magnetic and spectroscopic
      properties of mu-methoxo-bridged dinuclear copper(II) complexes with N
      substituted sulfonamide ligands.
AB  - Two new mu-methoxo-bridged dinuclear copper(II) complexes with a N-substituted
      sulfonamide, [Cu(mu-OMe)(L)(NH(3))](2) (1) and [Cu(mu-OMe)(L)(DMSO)](2) (2) [HL,
      N-2-(4-methylbenzothiazole)benzenesulfonamide], have been prepared and
      characterized by single-crystal X-ray difraction analyses. Compound 1
      crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C(2)/c with a=22.0678(18),
      b=7.9134(7), c=21.1186(18)A, beta=113.788(4) degrees and Z=8. Compound 2
      crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C(2)/c with a=18.0900(10),
      b=9.5720(10), c=24.2620(10) A, beta=98.7120(10) degrees and Z=8. In both
      complexes the copper atoms have square-planar environments bridged by two oxygen
      atoms from methoxide groups. Magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate a very
      strong antiferromagnetic coupling between the copper(II) ions in both complexes
      (2J<-1000 cm(-1)). Electronic Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectra of the two
      complexes both in solid and in solution are silent. 13C NMR spectra of the
      complexes in solid state have been studied. The complexes have been evaluated as
      model systems for the catechol oxidase enzyme using 3,5-di-tert-butylcatechol as
      the test substrate. Complex 2 is slightly more active than complex 1.

PMID- 13678810
TI  - cis-1,4-diaminocyclohexane-Pt(II) and -(IV) adducts with DNA bases and
      nucleosides.
AB  - A series of new platinum(II) and platinum(IV) adducts of type [P(II)(cis-1,4
      DACH)LCl]NO(3,) where cis-1,4-DACH=cis-1,4-diaminocyclohexane, and L=9
      ethylguanine, 1-methylcytosine, adenine, adenosine, cytosine, cytidine, guanine,
      and [Pt(IV)(cis-1,4-DACH)Ltrans-(X)(2)Cl]NO(3), (where Y=hydroxo or acetato),
      were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy,
      and 1H and 195Pt nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

PMID- 13678811
TI  - Synthesis, spectra, dioxygen affinity and antifungal activity of Ru(III) Schiff
      base complexes.
AB  - The reaction of ruthenium(III) complexes, [RuX(3)(EPh(3))(3)] (E=As, X=Cl or Br;
      E=P, X=Cl) and [RuBr(3)(PPh(3))(2)(CH(3)OH)] with bidendate Schiff base ligands
      derived by condensing salicylaldehyde with methylamine (Hsalmet), cyclohexylamine
      (Hsalchx), 2-aminopyridine (Hsalampy) have been carried out. The complexes were
      characterized by analytical and spectral studies (IR, electronic and EPR) and are
      formulated as [RuX(EPh(3))(LL')(2)] (where LL'=monobasic bidentate Schiff base
      ligand; E=P or As, X=Cl or Br). An octahedral geometry has been tentatively
      proposed for the new complexes. Dioxygen affinity of some of the Ru(III) Schiff
      base complexes was studied by cyclic voltammetry. The representative Schiff bases
      and their complexes were tested in vitro to evaluate their activity against
      fungi, namely, Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus) and Fusarium species.

PMID- 13678812
TI  - Coordination of aluminium with purpurogallin and theaflavin digallate.
AB  - Polyphenols are antioxidants, which are known to influence bioavailability of
      metals in the body. The theaflavins of black tea are important members of this
      family, which have been sparsely investigated. The complexation of aluminium with
      purpurogallin (2,3,4,6-tetrahydroxy-5H-benzocyclohepten-5-one) has been
      investigated using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, liquid
      chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR)
      spectroscopy. 1H NMR was used to determine the coordination site of the aluminium
      ion and LC-MS to determine the stoichiometry and molecular weight of the major
      complex formed in solution. FT-IR spectral comparisons were used to corroborate
      the proposed chelating moiety. The complexation of aluminium with the high
      molecular-weight, tea polyphenol theaflavin digallate was also investigated using
      1H NMR and heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence experiments. Structures of
      the major aluminium purpurogallin and aluminium theaflavin digallate complexes
      are proposed.

PMID- 13678813
TI  - Unusual reactivity of cytotoxic cis-dihydrazide Pt(II) complexes in aqueous
      solution.
AB  - Complexes of the general structure cis-[PtX(2)(hydrazide)(2)] and cis
      [PtX(2)NH(3)(hydrazide)], where X=Cl(-), Br(-) and I(-), and
      hydrazide=cyclohexylcarboxylic acid hydrazide (chcah), cyclopentylcarboxylic acid
      hydrazide (cpcah), 3-aminocyclohexanspiro-5-hydantoin (achsh) and 3
      aminocyclopentanspiro-5-hydantoin (acpsh), were investigated with respect to
      aqueous stability, DNA platination rates and cytotoxic activity on a panel of
      seven human cancer cell lines as well as a cisplatin-resistant cell line.
      Stabilities in aqueous solution, determined by RP-HPLC and UV-Vis methods, were
      highly dependent on the type of halide ligand, with stability decreasing in the
      order I(-)>Cl(-)>Br(-). Added chloride (100 mM) only stabilized the dichloro
      Pt(II) complexes containing the hydrazide as part of a hydantoin ring (i.e.,
      achsh). Platination of calf thymus DNA determined by AAS was most rapid with
      dichloro-Pt(II) complexes containing achsh ligand. The mixed-amine dichloro
      Pt(II) complexes with either chcah or cpcah ligands also platinated DNA >80%, but
      at a slower rate, while dihydrazide dichloro-Pt(II) complexes with either chcah
      or cpcah ligands resulted in <25% DNA platination at 24 h. cis
      [PtX(2)(hydrazide)(2)], where hydrazide=chcah or cpcah, were the most potent
      compounds (chcah>cpcah), but activity was independent of the halide ligand (I(
      )=Cl(-)=Br(-)). These complexes showed no cross-resistance with cisplatin, but
      they also showed little differentiation in potency over the seven cell lines.
      Complexes with the hydantoin ligands achsh and acpsh were inactive in all cell
      lines. Thus, neither stability in aqueous media nor covalent binding to DNA are
      correlated with biological activity, suggesting that cis-dihydrazide Pt(II)
      complexes act by a unique mechanism of action.

PMID- 13678814
TI  - Metalloporphyrin probes for antimalarial drug action.
AB  - Metal-substituted protoporphyrin IXs (Co(III)PPIX (1), Cr(III)PPIX (2),
      Mn(III)PPIX (3), Cu(II)PPIX (4), Mg(II)PPIX (5), Zn(II)PPIX (6) and Sn(IV)PPIX
      (7)), phthalocyanine tetrasulfonates (PcS (8) and Ni(II)PcS (9)), and anionic and
      cationic porphyrins (meso-tetra(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphine (TPPS4, 10), meso
      tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphine (TPPC4, 11), tetrakis(4-N
      trimethylaminophenyl)porphine (TMAP, 12) and meso-tetra(N-methyl-4
      pyridyl)porphine (TMPyP4, 13)) have been used as probes to compare two different
      assays for the inhibition of beta-hematin formation. The results demonstrate that
      the efficacy of these probes in either the beta-hematin inhibition assay (9, 7,
      6, 5>4>11, 3>10, 8>2, 1; 12 and 13 did not inhibit.) or the bionucleating
      template assay (8>1>11>9, 2>4>3>7>10>5>6; 12 and 13 did not inhibit.) differ
      significantly. These differences are examined in light of possible interactions
      between the inhibitor probes, heme, beta-hematin and the bionucleating template.
      This detailed analysis highlights the fact that while dominant modes of
      interactions may be occasionally identified, the precise mechanism of inhibition
      undoubtedly consists of the interplay between multiple interactions.

PMID- 13678815
TI  - Sugar complexation with calcium ion. Crystal structure and FT-IR study of a
      hydrated calcium chloride complex of D-ribose.
AB  - The single crystal structure of CaCl(2).C(5)H(10)O(5).3H(2)O was determined with
      M(r)=315.16, a=7.537(3), b=11.426(5), c=15.309(6) A, beta=90 degrees, V=1318.3(9)
      A(3), P2(1)2(1)2(1), Z=2, mu=0.71073 A and R=0.0398 for 2322 observed
      reflections. The ribose moiety of the complex exists as a furanose with alpha-D
      configuration. All five oxygen atoms of the ribose molecule are involved in
      calcium binding. Each calcium ion is shared by two such sugar molecules,
      coordinating through O(1), O(2), O(3) of one molecule and O(4) and O(5) of the
      other. The C-C, O-H, C-O and C-O-H vibrations are shifted and the relative
      intensities changed in the complex IR spectrum, corresponding to the changes in
      bond distances and angles of the sugar structure. All the hydroxyl groups, water
      molecules and chloride ions are involved in forming an extensive hydrogen-bond
      network of O-H...Cl...O-H structure, and the chloride ions play an important role
      in the crystal packing.

PMID- 13678816
TI  - Platinum complexes of diaminocarboxylic acids and their ethyl ester derivatives:
      the effect of the chelate ring size on antitumor activity and interactions with
      GMP and DNA.
AB  - A number of new Pt(II) complexes is described having the general formula
      PtCl(2)(LL), where LL is a chelating diamine ligand. Ligands LL were chosen as
      D,L-2,3-diaminopropionic acid and its ethyl ester, and D,L-2,4-diaminobutyric
      acid and its ethyl ester. The compounds were characterized using analytical and
      spectroscopic methods. The influence of the size of the chelate ring and its
      functionalization on the biological properties was studied. It was demonstrated
      by circular dichroism (CD) that the effects on the secondary structure of DNA
      induced by the four complexes are different. The interaction takes place at the
      N7 position of the purine bases, as shown by NMR studies. The platinum complexes
      of 2,3-diaminopropionic acid and 2,4-diaminobutyric acid are able to form
      intrastrand adducts with DNA and to distort the double helix by changing the base
      stacking. The ethyl ester derivatives uncoil the DNA from the B form to the C
      form. The interactions with 5'-GMP and DNA were compared with their antitumor
      activity. The platinum complexes of diaminocarboxylic acids exhibit cytotoxic
      activity in the A431, HeLa, and HL-60 cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent
      manner.

PMID- 13678817
TI  - 1H NMR of native and azide-inhibited laccase from Rhus vernicifera.
AB  - The 1H NMR spectra of the fully oxidized Rhus vernicifera laccase and of its 1:1
      and 2:1 azide adducts are reported for the first time. These spectra, which are
      the first so far reported for a multi copper oxidase, contain a number of broad
      hyperfine-shifted resonances in the high frequency region of the spectrum, which
      are attributed to the metal binding residues of the mononuclear T1 center. The
      differences between the patterns of the hyperfine resonances of the free enzyme
      and its azide derivatives suggest that the alterations in the structural
      properties of the T3 site induced by the binding of the first azide molecule
      induce a limited alteration of the spin density distribution over the T1 copper
      ligands. Overall, these data demonstrate that 1H NMR can be fruitfully applied to
      characterize the electronic properties of the metal sites of blue oxidases at
      room temperature.

PMID- 13678819
TI  - Protein-mediated transbilayer movement of lipids in eukaryotes and prokaryotes:
      the relevance of ABC transporters.
AB  - Lipid distribution across cellular membranes is regulated by specific membrane
      proteins controlling transbilayer movement of lipids. Flippases facilitate flip
      flop of lipids and allow them to equilibrate between the two membrane leaflets
      independent of ATP. Distinct P-Type-ATPases transport specific lipids
      unidirectionally across the membrane at the expense of ATP. A group of ATP
      dependent lipid transporters, the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family,
      was identified in studies originally related to multidrug resistance (MDR) in
      cancer cells. Meanwhile, lipid transport activity has been shown for full and
      half size ABC proteins in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. This activity may not
      only modify the organisation of lipids in membranes, but could also be of
      significant consequence for cell homeostasis. The various types of lipid movement
      mediating proteins and their cellular localisation in eukaryotes and prokaryotes
      are reviewed.

PMID- 13678820
TI  - ABC-transporters: implications on drug resistance from microorganisms to human
      cancers.
AB  - Resistance to chemotherapy is a common clinical problem in patients with
      infectious diseases as well as in patients with cancer. During treatment of
      infections or malignant tumors, the drug targets of prokaryotic or eukaryotic
      microorganisms and neoplastic cells are often found to be refractory to a variety
      of drugs that have different structures and functions. This phenomenon has been
      termed multidrug resistance (MDR). The mechanisms leading to MDR are frequently
      caused by trans-membrane xenobiotic transport molecules belonging to the
      superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. There is an urgent need
      to understand the structure-function relationships of these efflux pumps that
      underlie their transport mechanism and drug selectivity. This knowledge may allow
      the rational design of new drugs that can inhibit or circumvent the activity of
      these MDR transport molecules. Furthermore, the development of such
      chemosensitizing agents would help us learn more about the physiological
      functions and substrates of these pump proteins. This review will discuss the
      current state of knowledge of the functional and structural similarities among
      ABC-transporters in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and their impact on MDR.

PMID- 13678821
TI  - A new dimer interface for an ABC transporter.
AB  - The crystallization of MsbA, an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter involved
      in the transport of Lipid A in Escherichia coli, provided a fascinating glimpse
      into the high-resolution structure of an ABC transporter at 4.8 A. The E. coli
      crystal structure of MsbA reveals a dimer. Although the structure of the MsbA
      monomer is consistent with the biochemistry of ABC transporters, including the
      human multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein, the interface between the monomers in
      the MsbA dimer may not reflect the biologically relevant interface. We considered
      the interface in a two-armed MsbA dimer, named spiral. Our findings indicate that
      (i) the spiral MsbA dimer may have biological relevance for ABC transporters that
      interact with lipophilic substrates, and (ii) the dimer interface observed in the
      crystal structure of E. coli MsbA represents a crystallization artefact. A
      comparison of the spiral MsbA dimer with the recently published structure of MsbA
      in Vibrio cholera is also described.

PMID- 13678822
TI  - Mobile genes coding for efflux-mediated antimicrobial resistance in Gram-positive
      and Gram-negative bacteria.
AB  - Efflux mechanisms that account for resistance to a variety of antimicrobial
      agents are commonly found in a wide range of bacteria. Two major groups of efflux
      systems are known, specific exporters and transporters conferring multidrug
      resistance (MDR). The MDR systems are able to remove antimicrobials of different
      classes from the bacterial cell and occasionally play a role in the intrinsic
      resistance of some bacteria to certain antimicrobials. Their genes are commonly
      located on the bacterial chromosome. In contrast, the genes coding for specific
      efflux systems are often associated with mobile genetic elements which can easily
      be interchanged between bacteria. Specific efflux systems have mainly been
      identified with resistances to macrolides, lincosamides and/or streptogramins,
      tetracyclines, as well as chloramphenicol/florfenicol in Gram-positive and Gram
      negative bacteria. In this review, we focus on the molecular biology of
      antimicrobial resistance mediated by specific efflux systems and highlight the
      association of the respective resistance genes with mobile genetic elements and
      their distribution across species and genus borders.

PMID- 13678823
TI  - Solvent tolerance in bacteria: role of efflux pumps and cross-resistance with
      antibiotics.
AB  - Microorganisms have mechanisms that enable them to tolerate lethal concentrations
      of toxic compounds. This feature has been exploited in a wide range of
      bioprocesses that range from bioremediation applications to production of fine
      chemicals in two-phase reaction media. The ability to modify the physical
      properties of cellular membranes has long been put forward as a protection
      mechanism that enables microorganisms to tolerate solvents. More recently, efflux
      pumps have been shown to extrude deleterious compounds, such as antibiotics,
      drugs and solvents. An understanding of the mechanism of solvent tolerance and
      its relationship to cross-resistance of pathogenic organisms to antibiotics has
      major impact on the type and use of disinfectants and disinfecting procedures.
      The presence of solvents in the growth environment may lead to the emergence of
      solvent resistant strains and, therefore, overuse may propagate resistant
      microbial variants. In this paper, mechanisms that lead to solvent tolerance of
      microbes and accompanying specific antibiotic resistance are reviewed.

PMID- 13678824
TI  - Antiplasmid effect of promethazine in mixed bacterial cultures.
AB  - Promethazine has been recognised as an effective antiplasmid agent in cultures
      containing a single bacterial species such as Escherichia coli, Yersinia
      enterocolitica, Staphylococcus aureus and Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The
      objective of this study was to examine the effect of heterogenity of the
      microbial flora on plasmid elimination by promethazine in a laboratory based
      model system of mixed bacterial infection. F'lac plasmid elimination of E. coli
      K12 LE140 was studied in the presence of a numerically predominant Gram-positive
      species (Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus epidermidis) by promethazine (0-120
      mg/l) at 23, 37 and 39 degrees C. Growth kinetics of different bacterial species
      were studied at various temperatures without drug treatment in mixed bacterial
      cultures and it was found that the small number of added bacteria overgrew the
      pre-existing flora during the incubation period. We observed that bacterial
      bacterial interactions modified the growth rate of individual bacterial species
      and gave selective advantages to some bacterial species of the microbial
      community. Some interactions between coexisting bacterial species enhanced the
      frequency of plasmid curing by promethazine in mixed cultures with S.
      epidermidis. In our experiments the plasmid curing action of promethazine was
      more effective at elevated temperature than at lower temperatures.

PMID- 13678825
TI  - Enhancement of plasmid curing by 9-aminoacridine and two phenothiazines in the
      presence of proton pump inhibitor 1-(2-benzoxazolyl)-3,3,3-trifluoro-2-propanone.
AB  - Plasmid-containing bacteria often cause serious therapeutic failure during the
      treatment of infectious diseases. The selection of resistant-mutant strains and
      the transfer of mobile genetic determinants (such as plasmids and transposons) of
      resistance promote increased antibiotic resistance. In the last 30 years the
      antiplasmid effect of acridine dyes, ethidium bromide, sodium dodecyl sulphate
      and phenothiazines was described. The main aim of this study was to test the
      mechanism of the antiplasmid effect of promethazine and 9-aminoacridine on
      doxycycline-resistant enteric bacteria. The antiplasmid effects of promethazine
      and 9-aminoacridine were studied on plasmid elimination of native plasmid DNA and
      plasmid DNA isolated from drug-treated cells of plasmid-containing Escherichia
      coli, Citrobacter freundii and Enterobacter cloacae. The effects of some
      phenothiazines on plasmid profiles of bacterial strains isolated from urinary
      tract infections were analysed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Various complex of
      plasmid DNA were identified in the presence of promethazine, trifluoperazine and
      9-aminoacridine in the agarose gel electrophoresis. Doxycycline resistance of
      tested enteric bacteria was the target of "curing" in the presence of
      promethazine and trifluoperazine. The frequency of elimination of tetracycline
      resistance was low despite the formation of antiplasmid compounds complex with
      isolated plasmid DNA. Tetracycline resistance plasmid was isolated and re
      transformed. The plasmid curing effects of promethazine, trifluoperazine and 9
      aminoacridine were increased in the presence of a trifluoroketone proton pump
      inhibitor on E. coli K12 LE140 strain in a model experiment. We propose that the
      inefficient penetration of antiplasmid compounds could be responsible for the
      weak plasmid-curing effect in some clinical isolates and that membrane active,
      calmodulin- and proton pump inhibitors may be combined for plasmid curing in
      antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

PMID- 13678826
TI  - Msr(A) and related macrolide/streptogramin resistance determinants: incomplete
      transporters?
AB  - The gene msr(A) confers inducible resistance to 14-membered-ring macrolides and
      type B streptogramins (MS(B) resistance) in staphylococci. The encoded
      hydrophilic protein (Msr(A)) is 488 amino acids and contains two ATP-binding
      motifs characteristic of the ABC transporters. The classical organisation of ABC
      transporters requires interaction between the two cytoplasmically located ATP
      binding domains with two hydrophobic domains positioned in the membrane. Msr(A)
      appears to mediate drug efflux and yet contains no hydrophobic membrane spanning
      domains. In addition, Msr(A) functions in previously sensitive heterologous hosts
      such as Staphylococcus aureus in the absence of other plasmid encoded products.
      Current research on Msr(A) and related determinants in Gram-positive cocci and in
      antibiotic producing organisms is reviewed. Alternative hypotheses for the
      mechanism of action of Msr(A) (i.e. active transport vs. ribosomal protection)
      are discussed. Evidence indicating Msr(A) may have a role in virulence in
      addition to conferring antibiotic resistance is also considered.

PMID- 13678827
TI  - A phenylalanine-arginine beta-naphthylamide sensitive multidrug efflux pump
      involved in intrinsic and acquired resistance of Campylobacter to macrolides.
AB  - The macrolide erythromycin is the antibiotic of choice in the management of
      Campylobacter infections. Although mutation has been reported to account for
      resistance to the antibiotic, resistance may also be due to an efflux pump that
      extrudes the drug prior to reaching its target. Moreover, the efflux pump may be
      one that accommodates resistance to other related or unrelated drugs (multidrug
      resistance). We examined the possibility that resistance to erythromycin may
      involve an efflux pump whose presence may be identified by the use of the unique
      commercial inhibitor of the previously described efflux pumps phenylalanine
      arginine beta-naphtylamide (PAbetaN). We showed that PAbetaN is able to
      significantly increase the susceptibility of the reference strain NCTC 11168 to
      erythromycin, suggesting that an efflux pump functions at a basal level in the
      reference wild type strain. Erythromycin-resistant isolates were tested for their
      response to PAbetaN treatment. Among the strains tested, resistance of three
      isolates to erythromycin was reduced to a level comparable to that of the
      susceptible strain when the strains were grown in the presence of this inhibitor.
      To conclude, besides mutations, erythromycin resistance in Campylobacter may also
      be due to an efflux mechanism sensitive to PAbetaN.

PMID- 13678828
TI  - Cloning, expression, purification and properties of a putative multidrug
      resistance efflux protein from Helicobacter pylori.
AB  - Helicobacter pylori is a common pathogen of humans, which predisposes individuals
      to gastric inflammation and a variety of diseases including gastric cancer.
      Sequencing of the organism's genome reveals an extensive portfolio of predicted
      membrane transport proteins, although few of the proteins encoded by these genes
      have yet been isolated. We describe here the cloning and expression in
      Escherichia coli of the H. pylori gene hp1181 encoding a putative multidrug
      resistance membrane transport protein. Substantial overexpression was
      accomplished, and the protein was tagged with RGS(His)(6) at the C-terminus,
      which enabled its purification in mg quantities. Identification of the full
      length protein was achieved by N-terminal amino acid sequencing and Western
      blotting using an antibody to the RGS(His)(6) epitope. The retention of
      structural integrity and occurrence of predicted alpha-helix in the protein were
      verified by circular dichroism spectroscopy.

PMID- 13678829
TI  - Phenothiazines alter resistance of methicillin-resistant strains of
      Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to oxacillin in vitro.
AB  - Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance of bacteria include efflux pumps which
      extrude the antibiotic prior to reaching its target. Phenothiazines inhibit the
      activity of some efflux pumps thereby altering the susceptibility of bacteria.
      This study demonstrated that chlorpromazine and thioridazine reduce the
      susceptibility of methicillin-resistant strains (MRSA) but not that of
      methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) strains to oxacillin (MIC of
      oxacillin reduced from >500 to 10 mg/l). Reserpine, an inhibitor of antibiotic
      efflux pumps also reduced the resistance of MRSA strains to oxacillin suggesting
      the presence of an efflux pump that contributes to antibiotic resistance of MRSA
      strains.

PMID- 13678830
TI  - Phenylpiperidine selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors interfere with multidrug
      efflux pump activity in Staphylococcus aureus.
AB  - Structural variants of phenylpiperidine selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
      (P-SSRIs) inhibited the function of two unique Staphylococcus aureus multidrug
      efflux pumps. The most active compound was the paroxetine isomer NNC 20-7052,
      which had an IC(50) for ethidium, acriflavine, and pyronin Y efflux of 9, 53, and
      18% of its MIC, respectively, against the NorA pump. The unbalanced effect of NNC
      20-7052 on the efflux of different substrates suggests the possibility that P
      SSRIs function by a physical interaction with NorA. Under the conditions employed
      pump inhibition partially extended to the resistance-nodulation-division (RND)
      pump AcrAB-TolC, but not to the Pseudomonas aeruginosa RND pumps MexAB-OprM or
      MexCD-OprJ.

PMID- 13678831
TI  - The in-vitro antimicrobial effect of non-antibiotics and putative inhibitors of
      efflux pumps on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus.
AB  - The anti-microbial activity of six non-antibiotics (one amino-ethylchloride,
      three phenothiazines, two tricyclic antidepressives) were tested on 20 clinical
      isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, one clinical isolate of Klebsiella
      pneumoniae, 2 ATTC strains and 14 clinical isolates of Staphylococccus aureus,
      using the plate dilution method. The effects on P. aeruginosa were independent of
      antibiotic resistance pattern and the species Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was
      found to be the most susceptible to the non-antibiotics, with MIC values as low
      as 20 mg/l for some of the substances. The 16 S. aureus strains tested were all
      particularly susceptible to the anti-microbial effects of the putative inhibitors
      of efflux pumps thioridazine and trifluoperazine with MIC values of < or =16 mg/l
      independently of the methicillin resistance profile of the strains. Because
      phenothiazines are well known to inhibit efflux pumps our results may indicate
      the existence of such pumps. Current works in progress are attempts at reversing
      the antibiotic resistance of selected bacterial strains using specific non
      antibiotics and their stereo-chemical isomers.

PMID- 13678832
TI  - Thanatin activity on multidrug resistant clinical isolates of Enterobacter
      aerogenes and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
AB  - Efflux pumps protect bacterial cells by ejecting intracellular toxic molecules
      such as antibiotics, detergents and defensins that have penetrated the cell
      envelope. Some of these efflux pumps recognise structurally unrelated compounds
      (mdr pump) and account for the resistance of some organisms to two or more
      agents. It would be of interest to identify molecules that are able to circumvent
      the problems created by multidrug resistance phenotypes during antibiotic
      therapy. We have studied the activity of thanatin, a 21-residue cationic
      antimicrobial peptide produced by an insect, against three bacterial species. The
      antibacterial effect depended on the size of lipopolysaccharide side chains. In
      clinically resistant isolates of Enterobacter aerogenes and Klebsiella
      pneumoniae, the biological activity of thanatin is independent of the membrane
      permeability, possibly controlled by one or more porins, and/or the expression of
      drug efflux pumps, two mechanisms which confer high level antibiotic resistance.
      In addition, thanatin was able to improve the activity of structurally unrelated
      antibiotics (norfloxacin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline) on a multidrug-
      resistant E. aerogenes clinical isolate.

PMID- 13678833
TI  - 4-alkoxy and 4-thioalkoxyquinoline derivatives as chemosensitizers for the
      chloramphenicol-resistant clinical Enterobacter aerogenes 27 strain.
AB  - Enterobacter aerogenes is a Gram-negative bacteria frequently responsible for
      nosocomial respiratory tract infections. Strains resistant to chloramphenicol are
      frequently isolated. Alkoxy and thio-alkoxyquinolines have a potential to act as
      chemosensitizers that would render multi-drug-resistant (MDR) bacterial
      infections susceptible to antibiotics to which they were originally resistant.
      Several new quinoline derivatives have been prepared, characterized and studied
      for their ability to increase chloramphenicol sensitivity of E. aerogenes 27, a
      clinical strain that exhibits the MDR phenotype. Drugs investigated were either
      quinoline ethers or quinoline thio-ethers. Thio-ethers are much more efficient in
      increasing chloramphenicol sensitivity than other corresponding ethers. In
      particular, 4-piperidinoethylthio-quinoline increases the strain sensitivity to
      chloramphenicol by about 20 times at 2 mM concentration. Similarly, sensitivity
      to quinolone antibiotics dramatically increases. Because these quinoline
      derivatives act as inhibitors of the drug efflux pump responsible for bacterial
      resistance to chloramphenicol, they may serve as adjunct to conventional therapy
      of E. aerogenes infections.

PMID- 13678834
TI  - Mycobacterial efflux pumps and chemotherapeutic implications.
AB  - The demonstration of the existence of active efflux pumps in mycobacteria raises
      the question of whether or not these can increase in number and activity
      rendering wild-type mycobacteria increasingly resistant to a given antibiotic.
      This could be a mechanism by which mutated resistant strains become better fit to
      the selective environment. Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome analysis reveals
      several genes encoding putative drug efflux pumps. During the course of
      tuberculosis chemotherapy many of these pumps might play a role in the survival
      of the mycobacterial populations. Compounds capable of inactivating these pumps
      could improve anti-tuberculous therapeutics.

PMID- 13678835
TI  - Phenothiazines as potent modulators of yeast multidrug resistance.
AB  - Active efflux of antifungal, antibacterial and anticancer drugs by broad
      specificity multidrug resistance (MDR) transporters are major obstacles to
      successful chemotherapy of infectious diseases and cancer. We evaluated the
      growth inhibitory and MDR modulatory effect of a series of 36 phenothiazines and
      related compounds, against Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains exhibiting different
      levels of expression of MDR transporters Pdr5p, Snq2p and Yor1p. Several newly
      synthesized derivatives were identified as substrates of Pdr5p as their growth
      inhibitory properties were potentiated by deletion of PDR5. They were synergistic
      with the antifungal ketoconazole at micromolar concentrations. The most active
      phenothiazines contained the amino group at the end of the alkylene chain
      substituent.

PMID- 13678836
TI  - Screening for effectors that modify multidrug resistance in yeast.
AB  - The yeast transcription factors Pdr1p and Pdr3p regulate the expression of
      several genes that encode energy-dependent efflux pumps involved in multidrug
      resistance. They recognize specific pleiotropic drug resistance elements in the
      promoters of the target gene such as PDR5 coding for a major multidrug
      transporter. Gain-of-function mutations in Pdr1p/Pdr3p result in over-expression
      of transporter genes and establishment of multidrug resistance. We developed a
      novel yeast-based screening procedure designed to detect compounds that
      specifically modify multidrug resistance due to an interference with the
      expression of drug efflux transporter genes. The screening is based on the
      ability to abrogate the growth defect of cells suffering from the galactose
      induced Pdr3p driven over-expression of a dominant-lethal allele of the PMA1 gene
      placed under the control of the PDR5 promoter. Validation of the assay was
      achieved by showing that growth inhibition was relieved by mutant Pdr3p devoid of
      activation domain. This screening system may also be used to select the loss-of
      function pdr3 (or pdr1) mutants and to identify specific gene(s) whose over
      expression or deletion will suppress the expression of multidrug transporters and
      increase the susceptibility of yeast cells to antifungals.

PMID- 13678837
TI  - Reversal of antifungal resistance mediated by ABC efflux pumps from Candida
      albicans functionally expressed in yeast.
AB  - The enhanced efflux of antifungal drugs through ATP-binding cassette (ABC)
      transporters constitutes a major cause of clinical multidrug resistance (MDR).
      The inhibition of drug efflux pumps by specific compounds is considered to be a
      feasible strategy to overcome clinical antifungal resistance. Therefore, several
      blockers of mammalian and yeast ABC drug pumps, including FK506, propafenones, as
      well as the antifungal drug terbinafine were tested for their capacity to reverse
      CDR-mediated azole resistance in bakers yeast and in clinical isolates of Candida
      albicans. We have functionally expressed the C. albicans Cdr1p and Cdr2p
      transporters in hypersensitive Saccharomyces cerevisiae recipient strains lacking
      several endogenous ABC pumps. Cdr1p and Cdr2p were functional in yeast, as they
      conferred pronounced drug resistance to known antifungal drugs, including azoles
      and terbinafine. We employ two functional assays to demonstrate that ABC pump
      inhibitors reverse CDR-mediated antifungal resistance, thereby restoring drug
      susceptibility of yeast cells and resistant clinical isolates. Our results
      suggest that reversal of antifungal resistance can be achieved through ABC pump
      dependent and independent mechanisms.

PMID- 13678838
TI  - ABC transporters and drug resistance in parasitic protozoa.
AB  - Parasitic protozoa are responsible for a wide spectrum of diseases in humans and
      domestic animals. The main line of defence available against these organisms is
      chemotherapy. However, the application of chemotherapeutic drugs has resulted in
      the development of resistance mechanisms, which limit the number of antiprotozoal
      drugs that are effective in the treatment and control of parasitic diseases.
      Knowledge about the resistance mechanisms involved may allow the development of
      new drugs that minimise or circumvent drug resistance or may identify new targets
      for drug development. This review focuses on the role of protozoal ATP-binding
      cassette (ABC) transporters in drug resistance. These membrane proteins mediate
      the ATP-dependent transport of a wide variety of chemotherapeutic drugs away from
      their targets inside the parasites. The genome sequence of Plasmodium falciparum
      and Plasmodium yoelii has recently been completed, and the sequencing of other
      parasitic genomes are now underway. As a result, many new membrane transporters
      belonging to the ABC superfamily are being discovered. We review the ABC
      transporters in major parasitic protozoa, including Plasmodium, Leishmania,
      Trypanosoma and Entamoeba species. Transporters with an established role in drug
      resistance have been emphasised, but newly discovered transporters with a
      significant amino acid sequence identity to established ABC drug transporters
      have also been included.

PMID- 13678839
TI  - Cyclooctadepsipeptides--an anthelmintically active class of compounds exhibiting
      a novel mode of action.
AB  - There are three major classes of anthelmintics for veterinary use: the
      benzimidazoles/prebenzimidazoles, the tetrahydropyrimidines/imidazothiazoles, and
      the macrocyclic lactones. In nematodes, there are five targets for the existing
      anthelmintics: the nicotinergic acetylcholine receptor which is the target of
      tetrahydropyrimidines/imidazothiazoles and indirectly that of the
      acetylcholineesterase inhibitors; the GABA receptor which is the target of
      piperazine, the glutamate-gated chloride channel as the target of the macrocyclic
      lactones, and beta-tubulin as the target of prebenzimidazoles/benzimidazoles. All
      these anthelmintics are now in serious danger because of the worldwide spread of
      resistant nematodes in sheep, cattle, horses and pigs. The class of
      cyclooctadepsipeptides has entered the scene of anthelmintic research in the
      early 1990s. PF1022A, the first anthelmintically active member, is a natural
      compound from the fungus Mycelia sterilia that belongs to the microflora of the
      leaves of the Camellia japonica. PF1022A contains 4 N-Methyl-L-leucines, 2 D
      lactic acids and 2-D-phenyllactic acids arranged as a cyclic octadepsipeptide
      with an alternating L-D-L-configuration. Emodepside is a semisynthetic derivative
      of PF1022A with a morpholine ring at each of the two D-phenyllactic acids in para
      position. The anthelmintic activity is directed against gastrointestinal
      nematodes in chicken, mice, rats, meriones, dogs, cats, sheep, cattle and horses.
      Moreover, emodepside is active against Trichinella spiralis larvae in muscles,
      microfilariae and preadult filariae and Dictyocaulus viviparus. PF1022A and
      emodepside are fully effective against benzimidazole-, levamisole or ivermectin
      resistant nematodes in sheep and cattle. In Ascaris suum both
      cyclooctadepsipeptides lead to paralysis indicating a neuropharmacological action
      of these compounds. Using a PF1022A-ligand immunoscreening of a cDNA library from
      Haemonchus contortus a cDNA clone of 3569 base pairs could be identified. This
      clone codes for a novel 110 kDa heptahelical transmembrane receptor, named
      HC110R. Database- and phylogenetic analysis reveals that this receptor is a
      homolog to B0457.1 from Caenorhabditis elegans and has significant similarity to
      latrophilins from human, cattle and rat. HC110R is located in the plasma membrane
      and in lysosomes and endosomes. Alpha-latrotoxin, the poison of the black widow
      spider, binds at a 54 kDa aminoterminal fragment of HC110R. After binding a Ca2+
      influx into HEK293 cells is induced which can be blocked by EGTA, Cd2+ or
      nifedipin. PF1022A or emodepside also bind to this 54 kDa aminoterminal region of
      HC110R and interact with the functional responses of alpha-latrotoxin. In C.
      elegans antibodies against the C-or N-terminus of HC110R bind to the B0457.1
      protein located in the pharynx. Electrophysiological studies reveal that
      emodepside inhibits pharyngeal pumping of the nematodes in a concentration
      dependent way with an IC(50) value of about 4 nM. Thus, it is tempting to
      speculate that emodepside exerts its action on nematodes via a latrophilin-like
      receptor which might have an important regulatory function on pharyngeal pumping.

PMID- 13678840
TI  - P-glycoprotein in helminths: function and perspectives for anthelmintic treatment
      and reversal of resistance.
AB  - Infestation with parasitic helminths is a common problem in human populations of
      third world countries and is ubiquitous in livestock and other domestic animals.
      The cell-membrane efflux pump, P-glycoprotein (Pgp), appears to contribute to
      anthelmintic resistance. Pgp have been identified from both phyla of parasitic
      helminths, Platyhelmintha and Nematoda, and alterations in expression levels and
      allele frequencies of Pgp in anthelmintic-resistant populations have been
      observed in nematodes. Localisation of Pgp has been studied in the free-living
      nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and in the sheep parasite Haemonchus contortus
      using specific monoclonal antibodies or lectins. Reversing agents used in human
      studies, such as the calcium-channel blocker verapamil (VPL), appear to have
      similar effects in helminths as they do in human cancer cells: the efficacy of
      drug treatment is increased in drug-resistant parasites when reversing agents are
      co-administered with the anthelmintic. The functional role of the Pgp
      glycosylation was also studied using a lectin specific for the alpha-mannosyl
      residues and showed that resistance can be associated with a decreased affinity
      of the lectin for Pgp sites and that up to 50% reversion in the resistance to
      benzimidazoles (BZ) can be obtained using this lectin. Furthermore, the current
      knowledge on the role of Pgp in molecular mechanisms of drug resistance in the
      parasitic protozoan genus Trypanosoma is discussed. In some Trypanosoma species
      it was shown that drug resistance was associated with reduced uptake and in other
      ones with increased efflux. Several trypanosome Pgp-coding sequences have been
      described. In contrast to earlier data, most recent observations, based on
      experimentally overexpressed Pgp in Trypanosoma brucei, indicate a possible
      involvement in the mechanism of drug resistance in this parasite.

PMID- 13678841
TI  - Since phenothiazines alter antibiotic susceptibility of microorganisms by
      inhibiting efflux pumps, are these agents useful for evaluating similar pumps in
      phenothiazine-sensitive parasites?
AB  - Phenothiazines have activity against Schistosoma mansoni, Trypanosoma brucei,
      Trypanasoma gambiensi, Molinema dessetae, Leishmania spp., Plasmodium falciparum
      and free-living protozoa. These organisms and other parasitic infections are
      prevalent in HIV-infected humans. These infections are becoming more frequently
      resistant to commonly employed antibiotics, and due to the absence of economic
      motivation, new and effective compounds against these infections are not
      anticipated in the near future. Resistance of prokaryotes and eukaryotes to
      antibiotics is now known to be also due to the presence of efflux pumps that
      extrude the antibiotic prior to the agent reaching its target. Because
      phenothiazines are known to inhibit some efflux pumps and therefore alter the
      susceptibility of the organism to an antibiotic to which it is resistant, and
      also because of the sensitivity of the above parasites to phenothiazines, efflux
      pumps may play a role in emerging antibiotic resistance of these organisms.
      Furthermore, their prevalence is known to be greatest in areas that have high
      rates of HIV infection; therefore, it would be necessary that these agents should
      receive close scrutiny. This review concerns the attributes afforded by
      phenothiazines related to their effective activity against a wide range of
      parasites. Because these agents are inexpensive and many are no longer protected
      by patent, they may be exploited as anti-parasitic agents in the poorer areas of
      the world.

PMID- 13678842
TI  - Leishmaniasis: efflux pumps and chemoresistance.
AB  - Resistance of parasitic protozoa such as Leishmania to therapeutic drugs
      continues to escalate in developing countries. Treatment programs for human
      leishmaniasis are still based on pentavalent antimonials but resistance to these
      compounds has been a persistent problem. In many instances, resistance of the
      parasite is due to over-expressed ABC efflux pumps. In Leishmania different
      classes of ABC transporters extrude antimonials, azoles and folates resulting in
      drug-resistant phenotypes. Although some studies have focused on developing
      inhibitors against these resistant phenotypes, new efficient modulators that are
      able to inhibit drug efflux are needed.

PMID- 13678843
TI  - Photochemical characterization of water samples from Minnesota and Vermont sites
      with malformed frogs: potential influence of photosensitization by singlet
      molecular oxygen (1O(2)) and free radicals on aquatic toxicity.
AB  - Environmental pollutants activated by UV sunlight may have contributed to the
      recent decline in frog populations and the concomitant increase in malformations
      in the USA and abroad. UV radiation is able to mutate DNA and to initiate
      photosensitization processes that generate mutagenic and biologically disruptive
      oxygen transients. We have examined water from selected sites in Minnesota and
      Vermont using singlet molecular oxygen (1O(2)), detected by its phosphorescence
      and free radicals detected by spin trapping, as markers for photosensitization.
      Water from a pond in Minnesota with malformed frogs, which also causes
      malformations in the laboratory, photosensitized more 1O(2), even though it
      absorbed less UV light compared to water from a site that did not cause
      malformations. This suggested that unknown natural or pollutant agents were
      present, and that photosensitization may be involved. Although UV irradiation of
      the two Minnesota water samples in the presence of the spin trap 5,5-dimethyl-1
      pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) revealed the presence of the DMPO/*OH, DMPO/*H(e(aq)-)
      and DMPO/*C(unknown) adducts there were no qualitative or quantitative
      differences between them. We also examined water samples from several sites in
      Vermont, and compared them by measuring the quantum yield of 1O(2)
      photosensitization. While all the Vermont samples produced a small amount of
      1O(2), there was no clear correlation with the incidence of frog malformations.
      However, the samples differed strongly in absorption spectra and the ability to
      quench 1O(2). These factors may determine how much UV light is absorbed and
      converted into chemical reactions. Our results show that photochemical
      characterization of 1O(2) photosensitization is possible in untreated natural
      water samples. Photosensitization falls into the category of global factors that
      may be closely associated with the effects of UV irradiation of the Earth's
      environments. Thus, photosensitization might be an important component in global
      amphibian malformation and decline. The observation of 1O(2) emission directly
      from natural water may also provide new opportunities to investigate the
      involvement of 1O(2) in other complex environmental processes.

PMID- 13678844
TI  - Assessment of the toxicity of anthracene photo-modification products using the
      topminnow (Poeciliopsis lucida) hepatoma cell line (PLHC-1).
AB  - Many polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are acutely toxic to fish and other
      aquatic organisms in the presence of environmentally realistic intensities of
      solar ultraviolet radiation (SUVR). In this study, the cytoxicity/phototoxicity
      of anthracene photo-modified products to aquatic animals was assessed based on in
      vitro toxicity assays using a fish hepatoma cell line (PLHC-1 cell line). The
      results from this study showed that pre-exposure of anthracene/cell culture media
      to SUVR caused a significant amount of photo-modification and reduced the
      phototoxicity of parent anthracene compound. SUVR pre-exposed anthracene did not
      induce cytotoxicity in the absence of SUVR. It was shown that in comparison with
      anthracene, two major anthracene photo-modified products (anthraquinone, 1,2
      dihydroxyanthraquinone) were significantly less phototoxic to PLHC-1 cells. Also
      in the absence of SUVR, these chemicals did not induce any detectable
      cytotoxicity to PLHC-1 cells. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that photo
      modification reduced the phototoxicity of anthracene to PLHC-1 cells because
      major anthracene photo-modified products are not phototoxic. Also it was found
      that these photo-modified anthracene products were not cytotoxic in the absence
      of SUVR. This study indicated the need for separate toxicity assessments of
      individual photo-modified PAH products in both animal and plant models.

PMID- 13678845
TI  - Toxicity of copper-spiked sediments to Tubifex tubifex (Oligochaeta,
      Tubificidae): a comparison of the 28-day reproductive bioassay with a 6-month
      cohort experiment.
AB  - Results from a 28-day adult reproductive bioassay using the aquatic oligochaete
      Tubifex tubifex (Muller, 1774) are compared with life table statistics obtained
      from a 6-month experiment on cohorts of the same species. This was done by
      simultaneously performing the two tests on copper spiked sediments. Five
      concentrations and a control were tested. The 28-day bioassay was performed 3
      times in succession. Several endpoints were considered for each test and LOEC,
      IC10 and IC50 were calculated. IC50 estimates for the number of young produced in
      the 28-day bioassay range from 81 to 107 mg/kg; IC50 estimates for different
      endpoints of the cohort experiment ranged from 88 to 106 mg/kg. The 28-day
      bioassay showed essentially the same sensitivity as the cohort experiment to
      copper. This suggests that the 28-day reproductive bioassay does provide
      information that is relevant in assessing long-term toxic effects at the
      population level.

PMID- 13678846
TI  - Route of exposure affects the oestrogenic response of fish to 4-tert-nonylphenol.
AB  - When toxicants cause effects to aquatic organisms, it is often unclear by what
      route, or routes, the toxicant entered the affected organism. The toxicity of a
      compound depends on its degree of uptake, distribution and metabolism, as well as
      its molecular interactions at the site of action. It was hypothesised, that a
      hydrophobic chemical such as 4-tert-nonylphenol (4-NP), entering via the
      gills/skin, may be more oestrogenic than one entering through the diet, because
      in the latter case it will undergo metabolism in the small intestine and liver
      before entering the bloodstream. In this way, metabolism may reduce or eliminate
      the oestrogenic potential of 4-NP before it reaches target organs such as the
      gonads or liver. To compare the potency of 4-tert-nonylphenol when administered
      via different routes, male fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were exposed to
      4-NP either through waterborne exposure (experiment 1), or via the diet
      (experiment 2). Fish were exposed to 4-NP for 2 weeks either via the water at one
      of three nominal concentrations: 1, 10 or 50 microg/l (experiment 1) or 100, 500
      or 1000 microg/day via the diet (experiment 2). Liver and blood samples were
      taken for vitellogenin mRNA and plasma vitellogenin quantification, respectively.
      Exposure of male fathead minnows to 50 microg/l of 4-NP in the water (experiment
      1) and 500 and 1000 microg/day of 4-NP via the diet (experiment 2) induced
      vitellogenin mRNA. A similar pattern occurred for plasma vitellogenin induction,
      however, there was also a significant increase in plasma vitellogenin
      concentration in the fish exposed via the water to 10 microg/l of 4-NP. Using
      data from pharmacokinetics studies, an estimate for the total amount of 4-NP that
      entered the fish during each exposure was compared with the concentrations of
      plasma vitellogenin in each group of fish. The result showed a 10-fold greater
      sensitivity for 4-NP in fish exposed via the water compared with exposure via the
      oral route.Results obtained from this study indicate that a chemical such as 4-NP
      has a higher oestrogenic potential when it enters the bloodstream via the
      gills/skin of a fish compared with exposure through the diet.

PMID- 13678847
TI  - Modelling toxicity and mode of action of chemicals to analyse growth and
      emergence tests with the midge Chironomus riparius.
AB  - We present a new growth test data analysis for toxicity tests with the midge
      Chironomus riparius. The analysis is based on mathematical models which proved to
      be able to predict growth and emergence of non-exposed organisms for diverse
      feeding levels or densities. Here, we adapt these models to account for toxicity.
      We distinguish between two modes of action of the compounds: decrease of feeding
      or increase of growth energy costs. The models are used to analyse growth data
      with organisms exposed to copper spiked artificial sediments. Both models provide
      a good fitting of the data in the case of feeding ad libitum, but only the growth
      costs model can account for effects of copper in the case of food limitation. We
      also show that the threshold of effects do not depend on the age (the no effect
      concentrations (NOEC) are 6, 7 and 9 mg/kg, respectively, for second, third and
      fourth instars larvae), but that, as soon as this threshold is exceeded, fourth
      instar larvae are less affected by copper than earlier larvae. Our models
      constitute a step towards a more biologically relevant analysis of standardized
      tests, which should facilitate both the understanding of the mechanisms of
      toxicity and the change of scale from the individual to the population.

PMID- 13678848
TI  - Relationship between PCB accumulation and reproductive output in conditioned
      oysters Crassostrea virginica fed a contaminated algal diet.
AB  - Because of their resistance to environmental degradation, polychlorinated
      biphenyls (PCBs) are among the most widespread environmental contaminants. PCBs
      have high bioaccumulation potential and may affect a number of
      biological/physiological processes including disruption of the endocrine system
      function, lipid metabolism and reproduction. The objective of this study was to
      test whether conditioning sexually immature oysters with PCB-contaminated algal
      diets affects their subsequent reproductive success. Sexually immature oysters
      were conditioned in individual containers and fed daily with 0.7 g algal paste
      containing 0, 0.35 or 3.5 microg PCBs for up to 76 days. The impact of sediment
      load on PCB accumulation in oysters was also tested by exposure of a subset of
      oysters to clay particles. Oysters in different treatments were sampled 56 days
      after conditioning with PCB-contaminated algal diets to determine uptake and
      distribution of PCBs in gonad, digestive gland, mantle, gill and muscle, and the
      presence of gametes. Tissues from oysters exposed to PCBs alone for 56 days were
      also analyzed for lipid and fatty acid composition. Following 61 and 76 days of
      PCB exposure, remaining oysters from all treatments were induced to spawn via
      thermal stimulation. Non-spawned oysters were stripped to determine if sexual
      products were present. Oysters exposed to PCBs alone and PCBs plus clay particles
      showed similar trends in PCB accumulation, but concentrations were generally
      lower in the latter. PCB accumulation in oysters increased with an increase in
      algal-associated PCB concentrations, varied with organ types and was correlated
      with lipid content. The highest PCB concentration was in the gonad and the lowest
      in gill and muscle. PCB-153, -138/158, -118, -90/101 and -149 were the dominant
      congeners in all tissue compartments, except the muscle where PCB-28/31 was the
      dominant congener pair. PCB exposure appeared to impair both lipid metabolism and
      reproductive success. Although PCB exposure produced only slight changes in the
      lipid class composition in the oysters, decreases in phospholipids were observed
      in gonad, muscle and mantle of oysters exposed to 3.5 microg PCBs daily for 56
      days. After 56 days of conditioning with PCB-sorbed algal paste, no well
      developed mature eggs were observed in any of the oysters examined for the
      presence of sexual products. No significant difference was noted in reproductive
      success (production of spawned females and males) between sediment-treated and
      non-treated groups after 76 days of PCB exposure compared to controls, PCB
      exposed oysters produced fewer spawned females, but no dose-dependent
      relationship was observed.

PMID- 13678849
TI  - Early life exposure to environmental levels of the aromatase inhibitor
      tributyltin causes masculinisation and irreversible sperm damage in zebrafish
      (Danio rerio).
AB  - To determine whether early life exposure to tributyltin (TBT), an aromatase
      inhibitor, impaired reproductive function in fish, Danio rerio were exposed to
      environmentally realistic levels (0.01-100 ng l(-1)) of TBT from 0 to 30, 30 to
      60, and 0 to 70 days post-hatch, and the sex ratio and sperm motility of the
      adults examined 3-5 months after cessation of exposure. Fish exposed for 70 days
      to 0.1 ng l(-1) of TBT, a concentration presently below the detection limit in
      water, showed a male biased population which produced a high incidence of sperm
      lacking flagella. At 1 ng l(-1), the motility of sperm was significantly lower
      than that of control fish, while at 10 ng l(-1), all sperm lacked flagella and,
      at 100 ng l(-1), milt volume had increased. The effect of exposure on sex ratio
      was similar after exposure from 0 to 70 and 0 to 30 days, but even 100 ng l(-1)
      gave only 65% males after exposure from 30 to 60 days. Effects on sperm motility
      and morphology and on milt volume were less pronounced after 30 day than 70 day
      exposure. Our data suggest that screening for aromatase inhibiting activity and
      assessment of its risks in early life to human and wildlife fertility needs to be
      urgently addressed, and that the reproductive toxicity of TBT may presently be
      underestimated.

PMID- 13678850
TI  - Copper detection in the Asiatic clam Corbicula fluminea: optimum valve closure
      response.
AB  - When exposed to a contaminant, bivalves close their shell as a protective
      strategy. The aim of the present study was to estimate the maximum expected
      dissolved copper sensitivity in the freshwater bivalve Corbicula fluminea using a
      new approach to determine their potential and limit to detect contaminants. To
      take into account the rate of spontaneous closures, we integrated stress problems
      associated with fixation by a valve in usual valvometers and the spontaneous
      rhythm associated with nycthemeral activity, to optimize the response in
      conditions where the probability of spontaneous closing was lowest. Moreover, we
      used an original system with impedance valvometry, using lightweight impedance
      electrodes, to study free-ranging animals in low stress conditions combined with
      an analytical approach describing dose-response curves by logistic regression,
      with valve closure reaction as a function of response time and concentration of
      contaminant. In C. fluminea, we estimated that copper concentrations >4 microg/l
      (95% confidence interval (CI(95%)), 2.3-8.8 microg/l) must be detected within 5 h
      after Cu addition. Lower values could not be distinguished from background noise.
      The threshold values were 2.5 times higher than the values reported in the
      literature.

PMID- 13678851
TI  - Differences in susceptibility of various life stages of amphibians to pesticide
      exposure.
AB  - Pesticide exposure is discussed as one of the adverse factor that causes
      impairment of amphibian larval development. Susceptibility of tadpoles to
      pesticide exposure differs depending on the developmental stages at which
      individuals are contaminated. This study focused on the influence of the
      pyrethroid insecticide cypermethrin on the hatching success, mortality and
      deformities in further development, duration of metamorphosis, and growth of Rana
      arvalis tadpoles exposed at various life stages. Eggs were harmed significantly
      by exposure to different concentrations of alpha-cypermethrin dependent on
      exposure time. Amphibian embryos hatched with apparent abnormalities indicate
      insufficient protection by the jelly coat surrounding the embryo. Exposed
      individuals exhibited typical signs of cyano pyrethroid poisoning (twisting,
      writhing, abnormal swimming). During the life-stage treatments the observed
      morphological deformities and behavioral abnormalities lead mostly to death of
      the tadpoles in later development. Individuals exposed to alpha-cypermethrin in
      early life stages (as eggs or newly hatched tadpoles) metamorphosed earlier than
      in the corresponding control. However, exposure of the tadpoles throughout their
      whole development prolonged the metamorphosis. These metamorphs were
      distinguished by a much more compact physique (significant reduction in length
      and significant increase in weight compared to the corresponding control) so as
      to resist the adverse conditions. Observed effects of alpha-cypermethrin exposure
      on various life stages of R. arvalis tadpoles refer to the danger potential of
      this insecticide for amphibian development. Any kind of deformation influences
      the physiological fitness of the individuals (e.g. increased vulnerability to
      predation). Diminished hatching success, delays in metamorphosis and body growth
      impact negatively on the viability of amphibian populations in the long term. In
      combination with other anthropogenic influences (destruction or dissipation of
      habitats), these effects can cause the local extinction of amphibian species.

PMID- 13678852
TI  - Crossing the borders: archaeal rhodopsins go bacterial.

PMID- 13678853
TI  - Significance of anaerobic ammonium oxidation in the ocean.

PMID- 13678854
TI  - Gastric cell apoptosis and H. pylori: has the main function of VacA finally been
      identified?

PMID- 13678855
TI  - "Anti-virulence" genes--further muddling the lexicon? Response from Arturo
      Casadevall and Liise-anne Pirofski.

PMID- 13678856
TI  - Questions on viral population biology to complete dengue puzzle.

PMID- 13678857
TI  - Unlocking radiation resistance mechanisms: still a long way to go.

PMID- 13678858
TI  - Migration of Toxoplasma gondii across biological barriers.
AB  - The molecular mechanisms underlying migration of pathogens across biological
      barriers remain poorly characterized. Following oral infection, the apicomplexan
      parasite Toxoplasma gondii actively crosses non-permissive biological barriers
      such as the intestine, the blood-brain barrier and the placenta, thereby gaining
      access to tissues where it causes severe pathology. Recently, enhanced migration
      was found to be associated with virulent strains of Toxoplasma, suggesting that
      this phenotype contributes to pathogenesis. The migratory machinery appears to be
      morphologically and functionally well conserved within the phylum of apicomplexan
      parasites, however, the mechanisms for cellular traffic to breach biological
      barriers remain to be elucidated. As penetration of host tissue is a prerequisite
      for the establishment of infections by most apicomplexan parasites, understanding
      parasite migration is crucial for the development of new approaches to combat
      disease.

PMID- 13678859
TI  - The journey of tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins in neurons.
AB  - Anaerobic bacteria of the genus Clostridia are a major threat to human and animal
      health, being responsible for pathologies ranging from food poisoning to gas
      gangrene. In each of these, the production of sophisticated exotoxins is the main
      cause of disease. The most powerful clostridial toxins are tetanus and botulinum
      neurotoxins, the causative agents of tetanus and botulism. They are structurally
      organized into three domains endowed with distinct functions: high affinity
      binding to neurons, membrane translocation and specific cleavage of proteins
      controlling neuroexocytosis. Recent discoveries regarding the mechanism of
      membrane recruitment and sorting of these neurotoxins within neurons make them
      ideal tools to uncover essential aspects of neuronal physiology in health and
      disease.

PMID- 13678860
TI  - Virus-like particles as immunogens.
AB  - Subunit vaccines based on recombinant proteins can suffer from poor
      immunogenicity owing to incorrect folding of the target protein or poor
      presentation to the immune system. Virus-like particles (VLPs) represent a
      specific class of subunit vaccine that mimic the structure of authentic virus
      particles. They are recognized readily by the immune system and present viral
      antigens in a more authentic conformation than other subunit vaccines. VLPs have
      therefore shown dramatic effectiveness as candidate vaccines. Here, we review the
      current status of VLPs as vaccines, and discuss the characteristics and problems
      associated with producing VLPs for different viruses.

PMID- 13678861
TI  - Genetic susceptibility to infectious disease.
AB  - Our understanding of the variation in individual clinical responses to pathogens
      has become increasingly relevant, particularly in the face of new emerging
      epidemics as well as the increasing number of multi-drug-resistant organisms. An
      effective immune response to infection has contributed to the development of host
      genetic diversity through selective pressure, with an increasing number of
      studies characterizing the role that host genetics plays in disease
      susceptibility. Knowledge of the role host mechanisms play in the pathogenesis of
      infectious disease can contribute to the design of new therapeutic strategies.
      Rapid advances in the field of human genomics offer great opportunities for
      adopting this approach to find new insights into pathogenesis.

PMID- 13678862
TI  - WTO takes a first step.

PMID- 13678864
TI  - Candesartan and heart failure: the allure of CHARM.

PMID- 13678865
TI  - Should all patients with coronary disease receive angiotensin-converting-enzyme
      inhibitors?

PMID- 13678866
TI  - Improving antithrombotic treatment in patients after myocardial infarction.

PMID- 13678867
TI  - Global expression-profiling studies and oligodendrocyte dysfunction in
      schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

PMID- 13678868
TI  - Effects of candesartan on mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic heart
      failure: the CHARM-Overall programme.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) are at high risk of
      cardiovascular death and recurrent hospital admissions. We aimed to find out
      whether the use of an angiotensin-receptor blocker could reduce mortality and
      morbidity. METHODS: In parallel, randomised, double-blind, controlled, clinical
      trials we compared candesartan with placebo in three distinct populations. We
      studied patients with left-ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) 40% or less who
      were not receiving angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors because of previous
      intolerance or who were currently receiving angiotensin-converting-enzyme
      inhibitors, and patients with LVEF higher than 40%. Overall, 7601 patients (7599
      with data) were randomly assigned candesartan (n=3803, titrated to 32 mg once
      daily) or matching placebo (n=3796), and followed up for at least 2 years. The
      primary outcome of the overall programme was all-cause mortality, and for all the
      component trials was cardiovascular death or hospital admission for CHF. Analysis
      was by intention to treat. FINDINGS: Median follow-up was 37.7 months. 886 (23%)
      patients in the candesartan and 945 (25%) in the placebo group died (unadjusted
      hazard ratio 0.91 [95% CI 0.83-1.00], p=0.055; covariate adjusted 0.90 [0.82
      0.99], p=0.032), with fewer cardiovascular deaths (691 [18%] vs 769 [20%],
      unadjusted 0.88 [0.79-0.97], p=0.012; covariate adjusted 0.87 [0.78-0.96],
      p=0.006) and hospital admissions for CHF (757 [20%] vs 918 [24%], p<0.0001) in
      the candesartan group. There was no significant heterogeneity for candesartan
      results across the component trials. More patients discontinued candesartan than
      placebo because of concerns about renal function, hypotension, and hyperkalaemia.
      INTERPRETATION: Candesartan was generally well tolerated and significantly
      reduced cardiovascular deaths and hospital admissions for heart failure. Ejection
      fraction or treatment at baseline did not alter these effects.

PMID- 13678869
TI  - Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left
      ventricular systolic function taking angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors:
      the CHARM-Added trial.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers have favourable effects on
      haemodynamic measurements, neurohumoral activity, and left-ventricular
      remodelling when added to angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in
      patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). We aimed to find out whether these
      drugs improve clinical outcome. METHODS: Between March, 1999, and November, 1999,
      we enrolled 2548 patients with New York Heart Association functional class II-IV
      CHF and left-ventricular ejection fraction 40% or lower, and who were being
      treated with ACE inhibitors. We randomly assigned patients candesartan (n=1276,
      target dose 32 mg once daily) or placebo (n=1272). At baseline, 55% of patients
      were also treated with beta blockers and 17% with spironolactone. The primary
      outcome of the study was the composite of cardiovascular death or hospital
      admission for CHF. Analysis was done by intention to treat. FINDINGS: The median
      follow-up was 41 months. 483 (38%) patients in the candesartan group and 538
      (42%) in the placebo group experienced the primary outcome (unadjusted hazard
      ratio 0.85 [95% CI 0.75-0.96], p=0.011; covariate adjusted p=0.010). Candesartan
      reduced each of the components of the primary outcome significantly, as well as
      the total number of hospital admissions for CHF. The benefits of candesartan were
      similar in all predefined subgroups, including patients receiving baseline beta
      blocker treatment. INTERPRETATION: The addition of candesartan to ACE inhibitor
      and other treatment leads to a further clinically important reduction in relevant
      cardiovascular events in patients with CHF and reduced left-ventricular ejection
      fraction.

PMID- 13678870
TI  - Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left
      ventricular systolic function intolerant to angiotensin-converting-enzyme
      inhibitors: the CHARM-Alternative trial.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors improve outcome of
      patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). A substantial proportion of patients,
      however, experience no benefit from ACE inhibitors because of previous
      intolerance. We aimed to find out whether candesartan, an angiotensin-receptor
      blocker, could improve outcome in such patients not taking an ACE inhibitor.
      METHODS: Between March, 1999, and March, 2001, we enrolled 2028 patients with
      symptomatic heart failure and left-ventricular ejection fraction 40% or less who
      were not receiving ACE inhibitors because of previous intolerance. Patients were
      randomly assigned candesartan (target dose 32 mg once daily) or matching placebo.
      The primary outcome of the study was the composite of cardiovascular death or
      hospital admission for CHF. Analysis was by intention to treat. FINDINGS: The
      most common manifestation of ACE-inhibitor intolerance was cough (72%), followed
      by symptomatic hypotension (13%) and renal dysfunction (12%). During a median
      follow-up of 33.7 months, 334 (33%) of 1013 patients in the candesartan group and
      406 (40%) of 1015 in the placebo group had cardiovascular death or hospital
      admission for CHF (unadjusted hazard ratio 0.77 [95% CI 0.67-0.89], p=0.0004;
      covariate adjusted 0.70 [0.60-0.81], p<0.0001). Each component of the primary
      outcome was reduced, as was the total number of hospital admissions for CHF.
      Study-drug discontinuation rates were similar in the candesartan (30%) and
      placebo (29%) groups. INTERPRETATION: Candesartan was generally well tolerated
      and reduced cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in patients with symptomatic
      chronic heart failure and intolerance to ACE inhibitors.

PMID- 13678871
TI  - Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and preserved left
      ventricular ejection fraction: the CHARM-Preserved Trial.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Half of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) have preserved left
      ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), but few treatments have specifically been
      assessed in such patients. In previous studies of patients with CHF and low LVEF
      or vascular disease and preserved LVEF, inhibition of the renin-angiotensin
      system is beneficial. We investigated the effect of addition of an angiotensin
      receptor blocker to current treatments. METHODS: Between March, 1999, and July,
      2000, we randomly assigned 3023 patients candesartan (n=1514, target dose 32 mg
      once daily) or matching placebo (n=1509). Patients had New York Heart Association
      functional class II-IV CHF and LVEF higher than 40%. The primary outcome was
      cardiovascular death or admission to hospital for CHF. Analysis was done by
      intention to treat. FINDINGS: Median follow-up was 36.6 months. 333 (22%)
      patients in the candesartan and 366 (24%) in the placebo group experienced the
      primary outcome (unadjusted hazard ratio 0.89 [95% CI 0.77-1.03], p=0.118;
      covariate adjusted 0.86 [0.74-1.0], p=0.051). Cardiovascular death did not differ
      between groups (170 vs 170), but fewer patients in the candesartan group than in
      the placebo group were admitted to hospital for CHF once (230 vs 279, p=0.017) or
      multiple times. Composite outcomes that included non-fatal myocardial infarction
      and non-fatal stroke showed similar results to the primary composite (388 vs 429;
      unadjusted 0.88 [0.77-1.01], p=0.078; covariate adjusted 0.86 [0.75-0.99],
      p=0.037). INTERPRETATION: Candesartan has a moderate impact in preventing
      admissions for CHF among patients who have heart failure and LVEF higher than
      40%.

PMID- 13678872
TI  - Efficacy of perindopril in reduction of cardiovascular events among patients with
      stable coronary artery disease: randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled,
      multicentre trial (the EUROPA study).
AB  - BACKGROUND: Treatment with angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors reduces
      the rate of cardiovascular events among patients with left-ventricular
      dysfunction and those at high risk of such events. We assessed whether the ACE
      inhibitor perindopril reduced cardiovascular risk in a low-risk population with
      stable coronary heart disease and no apparent heart failure. METHODS: We
      recruited patients from October, 1997, to June, 2000. 13655 patients were
      registered with previous myocardial infarction (64%), angiographic evidence of
      coronary artery disease (61%), coronary revascularisation (55%), or a positive
      stress test only (5%). After a run-in period of 4 weeks, in which all patients
      received perindopril, 12218 patients were randomly assigned perindopril 8 mg once
      daily (n=6110), or matching placebo (n=6108). The mean follow-up was 4.2 years,
      and the primary endpoint was cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or
      cardiac arrest. Analysis was by intention to treat. FINDINGS: Mean age of
      patients was 60 years (SD 9), 85% were male, 92% were taking platelet inhibitors,
      62% beta blockers, and 58% lipid-lowering therapy. 603 (10%) placebo and 488 (8%)
      perindopril patients experienced the primary endpoint, which yields a 20%
      relative risk reduction (95% CI 9-29, p=0.0003) with perindopril. These benefits
      were consistent in all predefined subgroups and secondary endpoints. Perindopril
      was well tolerated. INTERPRETATION: Among patients with stable coronary heart
      disease without apparent heart failure, perindopril can significantly improve
      outcome. About 50 patients need to be treated for a period of 4 years to prevent
      one major cardiovascular event. Treatment with perindopril, on top of other
      preventive medications, should be considered in all patients with coronary heart
      disease.

PMID- 13678873
TI  - Oral ximelagatran for secondary prophylaxis after myocardial infarction: the
      ESTEEM randomised controlled trial.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Despite important advances in treatment, the risk of recurrent
      ischaemic events is high both early and late after an acute coronary syndrome. We
      aimed to assess the effectiveness of ximelagatran and acetylsalicylic acid for
      prevention of death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and severe recurrent
      ischaemia after a recent myocardial infarction. METHODS: In this placebo
      controlled, double-blind, multicentre, multinational dose-guiding study we
      assessed 1883 patients who had had recent ST-elevation or non-ST-elevation
      myocardial infarction. Within 14 days after the index event we randomised the
      participants in the proportions 1/1/1/1/2 to oral ximelagatran at doses of 24 mg,
      36 mg, 48 mg, or 60 mg twice daily, or placebo, respectively for 6 months. All
      patients received acetylsalicylic acid 160 mg once daily. The primary efficacy
      outcome was the dose response of ximelagatran by comparison with placebo for the
      occurrence of all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and severe
      recurrent ischaemia. Analysis was by intention to treat. FINDINGS: Oral
      ximelagatran significantly reduced the risk for the primary endpoint compared
      with placebo from 16.3% (102 of 638) to 12.7% (154 of 1245) (hazard ratio 0.76,
      95% CI 0.59-0.98, p=0.036) for the combined ximelagatran groups versus placebo.
      There was no indication of a dose response between the ximelagatran groups. Major
      bleeding events were rare, 1.8% (23 of 1245) and 0.9% (six of 638) (hazard ratio
      1.97, 95% CI 0.80-4.84) in the combined ximelagatran and placebo groups,
      respectively. We recorded no serious clinically adverse outcomes judged related
      to the investigational drug. INTERPRETATION: Oral direct thrombin inhibition with
      ximelagatran and acetylsalicylic acid is more effective than acetylsalicylic acid
      alone in preventing major cardiovascular events during 6 months of treatment in
      patients who have had a recent myocardial infarction.

PMID- 13678874
TI  - Intracranial tuberculomas.

PMID- 13678875
TI  - Oligodendrocyte dysfunction in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Results of array studies have suggested abnormalities in expression
      of lipid and myelin-related genes in schizophrenia. Here, we investigated
      oligodendrocyte-specific and myelination-associated gene expression in
      schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder. METHODS: We used samples from the
      Stanley brain collection, consisting of 15 schizophrenia, 15 bipolar affective
      disorder, and 15 control brains. Indexing-based differential display PCR was done
      to screen for differences in gene expression in schizophrenia patients versus
      controls. Results were cross-validated with quantitative PCR, which was also used
      to investigate expression profiles of 16 other oligodendrocyte and myelin genes
      in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. These genes were further investigated with
      an ongoing microarray analysis. FINDINGS: Results of differential display and
      quantitative PCR analysis showed a reduction of key oligodendrocyte-related and
      myelin-related genes in schizophrenia and bipolar patients; expression changes
      for both disorders showed a high degree of overlap. Microarray results of the
      same genes investigated by quantitative PCR correlated well overall.
      INTERPRETATION: Schizophrenia and bipolar brains showed downregulation of key
      oligodendrocyte and myelination genes, including transcription factors that
      regulate these genes, compared with control brains. These results lend support to
      and extend observations from other microarray investigations. Our study also
      showed similar expression changes to the schizophrenia group in bipolar brains,
      which thus lends support to the notion that the disorders share common causative
      and pathophysiological pathways.

PMID- 13678876
TI  - World Trade Organisation reaches agreement on generic medicines. New deal will
      make it easier for poorer countries to import cut-price generic drugs made under
      compulsory licensing.

PMID- 13678877
TI  - A Mexican man with "too much blood".

PMID- 13678878
TI  - Learning disability.
AB  - Learning disability is common, affecting 1-2.5% of the general population in the
      Western world, and encompasses many different conditions. It usually leads to
      major functional impairment and lifelong need for support and interventions, not
      the least important of which are medical and health-care services. Rapid progress
      is being made in the understanding of the cause and pathogenesis of many learning
      disability syndromes, and these advances are likely to improve targeted
      interventions in the next decade. Many countries have abolished a learning
      disability specialty for medical professionals, but there is a great need to
      revive this niche of medical knowledge. We know little about quality of life and
      effects on families of people with learning disability, and research is needed to
      address these issues.

PMID- 13678879
TI  - Introducing medical students to global health issues: a Bachelor of Science
      degree in international health.

PMID- 13678880
TI  - Children of bad memories.

PMID- 13678881
TI  - Democracy, accountability, and international health: Westminister from a medical
      perspective.

PMID- 13678882
TI  - Paying in potatoes: community-based health insurance for the rural and informal
      sector.

PMID- 13678883
TI  - Shaping health care in Tanzania--who's pulling the strings?

PMID- 13678884
TI  - Improvement of sexual and reproductive health requires focusing on adolescents.

PMID- 13678885
TI  - Measles-associated encephalitis in children with renal transplants: a predictable
      effect of waning herd immunity?

PMID- 13678886
TI  - Anastrozole for ductal carcinoma in situ.

PMID- 13678887
TI  - Traffic law enforcement and safety.

PMID- 13678888
TI  - Older cancer patients should be offered full treatment range.

PMID- 13678889
TI  - Traffic law enforcement and safety.

PMID- 13678890
TI  - Movies and smoking.

PMID- 13678891
TI  - US dietary committee criticised for ties to industry.

PMID- 13678892
TI  - Movies and smoking.

PMID- 13678893
TI  - The dark side of the UK National DNA Database.

PMID- 13678894
TI  - Diabetic environment in utero and predisposition to type 2 diabetes.

PMID- 13678895
TI  - Genetically modified crops in developing countries.

PMID- 13678896
TI  - Inadequate justice when medical negligence is alleged.

PMID- 13678897
TI  - Lord Carnarvon's death: the curse of aspergillosis?

PMID- 13678898
TI  - Influenza vaccine enlisted to prevent SARS confusion.

PMID- 13678899
TI  - John Williams.

PMID- 13678900
TI  - Many more eye specialists needed in Africa.

PMID- 13678901
TI  - Tibetan health care takes back seat to infrastructure. Government emphasises
      railway and other engineering works rather than public health.

PMID- 13678903
TI  - Plants talk, but are they deaf?

PMID- 13678904
TI  - Distinct photoperiodic responses are conferred by the same genetic pathway in
      Arabidopsis and in rice.

PMID- 13678905
TI  - Carbon cycling by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soil-plant systems.

PMID- 13678906
TI  - Spontaneous and thermoinduced photon emission: new methods to detect and quantify
      oxidative stress in plants.
AB  - Peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids is one of the main events triggered
      by oxidative stress in cells. Some lipid peroxidation products are light-emitting
      species, and their luminescence can be used as an internal marker of oxidative
      stress. However, this spontaneous chemiluminescence is weak and difficult to
      measure. Recent studies have shown that an alternative approach that involves
      measuring thermoluminescence bands at high temperature (in the range 80-150
      degrees C) is a simple way of detecting and quantifying lipid peroxidative damage
      and oxidative stress in plants.

PMID- 13678907
TI  - Gene arrays are not just for measuring gene expression.

PMID- 13678908
TI  - B chromosomes in plants: escapees from the A chromosome genome?
AB  - B chromosomes are dispensable elements that do not recombine with the A
      chromosomes of the regular complement and that follow their own evolutionary
      track. In some cases, they are known to be nuclear parasites with autonomous
      modes of inheritance, exploiting "drive" to ensure their survival in populations.
      Their "selfishness" brings them into conflict with their host nuclear genome and
      generates a host-parasite relationship, with anti-B-chromosome genes working to
      ameliorate the worst of their excesses in depriving their hosts of genetic
      resources. Molecular studies are homing in on their sequence organization to give
      us an insight into the origin and evolution of these enigmatic chromosomes, which
      are, with rare exceptions, without active genes.

PMID- 13678909
TI  - Growth signalling pathways in Arabidopsis and the AGC protein kinases.
AB  - Lipid-derived signals are central to regulating a multitude of cellular processes
      but, in plants, little is known of the downstream signalling pathways. The
      Arabidopsis 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase (PDK1) could couple lipid
      signals to the activation of several protein kinases of the so-called AGC kinase
      family. The Arabidopsis AGC kinases contain sequence motives required for the
      docking of PDK1 and phosphorylation of their activation loop in the kinase
      catalytic domain. It is becoming evident that specific members of the AGC kinases
      are implicated in key growth signalling pathways. For example, Arabidopsis
      p70(S6K) might be a nodal point able to integrate hormonal and developmental
      signals with nutritional inputs, together with the Arabidopsis Target of
      Rapamycin (TOR) protein.

PMID- 13678910
TI  - An evolutionary puzzle: chloroplast and mitochondrial division rings.
AB  - Consistent with their bacterial origin, chloroplasts and primitive mitochondria
      retain a FtsZ ring for division. However, chloroplasts and mitochondria have lost
      most of the proteins required for bacterial division other than FtsZ and certain
      homologues of the Min proteins, but they do contain plastid and mitochondrion
      dividing rings, which were recently shown to be distinct from the FtsZ ring.
      Moreover, recent studies have revealed that rings of the eukaryote-specific
      dynamin-related family of GTPases regulate the division of chloroplasts and
      mitochondria, and these proteins emerged early in eukaryotic evolution. These
      findings suggest that the division of chloroplasts and primitive mitochondria
      involve very similar systems, consisting of an amalgamation of rings from
      bacteria and eukaryotes.

PMID- 13678911
TI  - From flour to flower: how Polycomb group proteins influence multiple aspects of
      plant development.
AB  - Cell identity and differentiation are determined by patterns of regulatory gene
      expression. Spatially and temporally regulated homeotic gene expression defines
      segment identities along the anterior-posterior axis of animal embryos. Polycomb
      group (PcG) proteins form a cellular memory system that maintains the repressed
      state of homeotic gene expression. Conserved PcG proteins control multiple
      aspects of Arabidopsis development and maintain homeotic gene repression. In
      animals, PcG proteins repress their target genes by modifying histone tails
      through deacetylation and methylation, generating a PcG-specific histone code
      that recruits other chromatin remodeling proteins to establish a stable,
      heritable mechanism of epigenetic expression control. Plant PcG proteins might
      function through a similar biochemical mechanism owing to their conserved
      structural and functional relationship to animal PcG proteins.

PMID- 13678912
TI  - Cycads: evolutionary innovations and the role of plant-derived neurotoxins.
AB  - Cycads are an important relic from the past and represent the oldest living seed
      plants. Cycads have been instrumental in our understanding the evolution of
      angiosperms and gymnosperms because they have recognizable morphological
      characteristics intermediate between less-recently evolved plants such as ferns
      and more-derived (advanced) plants including the angiosperms. Cycads also produce
      several compounds that are carcinogenic and neurotoxic. Because of their unique
      placement in terrestrial plant evolution, molecular studies should help to define
      the origins of structures that led to the rise of seed plants and the role of
      neurotoxic compounds that are found in cycads.

PMID- 13678913
TI  - Cytokinins and shoot development.
AB  - Cytokinins promote the unfolding of a complex gene expression program in tissue
      culture that results in the formation of shoots. Much has been learned about
      cytokinin signaling in the past few years; the challenge now is to understand how
      known steps in cytokinin signaling interface with the process of shoot
      development in culture and in planta. Several ways have been found to block or
      bypass the requirement for cytokinins, and these findings have revealed key
      control steps in the shoot development process. Plant control is exercised not
      only in the promotion of shoot development, but also in its restraint under
      conditions where shoots are not ordinarily formed.

PMID- 13678914
TI  - Outcomes of optimal or "stent-like"balloon angioplasty in acutemyocardial
      infarction: the CADILLAC trial.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: We sought to compare outcomes between patients with acute myocardial
      infarction (AMI) undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)
      with an optimal or "stent-like" result versus patients who underwent routine
      stent placement. BACKGROUND: Recent studies in patients with AMI undergoing stent
      implantation have suggested that PTCA may no longer be a relevant treatment
      modality for stent eligible lesions. However, whether routine stent placement is
      superior or necessary when an optimal PTCA or "stent-like" result is achieved is
      unknown. METHODS: In the Controlled Abciximab and Device Investigation to Lower
      Late Angioplasty Complications (CADILLAC) trial, 2,082 patients with AMI were
      randomly assigned to undergo PTCA alone, PTCA + abciximab, stenting alone, or
      stenting + abciximab. Outcomes were compared in patients achieving an optimal
      acute PTCA result (residual core laboratory diameter stenosis <30% without
      significant dissection) versus those assigned to routine stenting. RESULTS:
      Optimal PTCA was achieved in 40.7% of patients randomized to balloon angioplasty,
      including 38.5% and 42.7% assigned to PTCA alone and PTCA + abciximab,
      respectively. Ischemic target vessel revascularization (TVR) at 30 days occurred
      more frequently after optimal PTCA than routine stenting (5.1% vs. 2.3%, p =
      0.007). The one-year composite adverse event rate (death, reinfarction, disabling
      stroke, or TVR) was greater after optimal PTCA than routine stenting (21.9% vs.
      13.8%, p < 0.001), driven largely by increased rates of ischemic TVR (19.1% vs.
      9.1%, p < 0.001); no significant differences were present in the rates of death,
      reinfarction, or disabling stroke between the two groups. Angiographic restenosis
      also was more common with optimal PTCA than routine stenting (36.2% vs. 22.2%, p
      = 0.003). Even a post-PTCA diameter stenosis of <20% (realized in 12% of
      patients) did not result in outcomes equivalent to stenting. CONCLUSIONS: Even if
      an optimal result is achieved after primary PTCA in AMI, early and late outcomes
      can be further improved with routine stent implantation.

PMID- 13678915
TI  - Counterintuitive contributions to the care of myocardial infarction and the need
      for randomized trials.

PMID- 13678916
TI  - Angiographic variables predict increased risk for adverse ischemic events after
      coronary stenting with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition: results from the TARGET
      trial.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: We sought to assess whether pre-procedural angiographic
      characteristics are associated with adverse clinical outcomes after coronary
      stenting with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition. BACKGROUND: Ischemic
      complications after balloon angioplasty are associated with pre- and post
      procedural angiographic variables. However, in the current era of stenting with
      IIb/IIIa inhibition, it is unknown whether angiographic features assessed before
      intervention confer an increased risk of adverse procedural and subsequent
      clinical outcomes. METHODS: In the Do Tirofiban and ReoPro Give Similar Efficacy
      Outcomes? Trial (TARGET), 4,809 patients undergoing planned stenting were
      randomized to tirofiban or abciximab. Baseline demographic, clinical, and
      angiographic variables were obtained. Clinical end points were recorded at 30
      days and six months. The relationship between angiographic variables and adverse
      clinical outcomes was assessed. RESULTS: Patients with the combination of
      thrombus, lesion eccentricity, and lesion length >20 mm had a 21.4% composite
      incidence of death, myocardial infarction, or urgent target vessel
      revascularization (TVR) at 30 days, compared with 4.2% in those patients without
      these high-risk features (hazard ratio [HR] 3.24, p < 0.001). After adjustment,
      the risk was independently associated with thrombus (HR 1.40, p = 0.034),
      eccentricity (HR 1.67, p < 0.001), and lesion length >20 mm (HR 1.89, p < 0.001).
      The risk of six-month TVR was independently associated with left anterior
      descending coronary artery lesions (HR 1.46, p < 0.001), restenotic lesions at
      baseline (HR 1.58, p = 0.006), and lesion length (HR 1.19, p = 0.03).
      CONCLUSIONS: Patients with thrombus, eccentric lesions, or lesion length >20 mm
      are at high risk for ischemic outcomes after coronary stenting, despite IIb/IIIa
      inhibition. Further research into novel anti-thrombotic therapies or procedural
      strategies is necessary for these patients.

PMID- 13678917
TI  - Angiographic predictors of adverse outcomes in the modern interventional era.

PMID- 13678918
TI  - Symptom-onset-to-balloon time and mortality in patients with acute myocardial
      infarction treated by primary angioplasty.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between symptom
      onset-to-balloon time and one-year mortality in patients with ST-segment
      elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated by primary angioplasty.
      BACKGROUND: Despite the prognostic implications demonstrated in patients with
      STEMI treated with thrombolysis, the impact of time-delay on prognosis in
      patients undergoing primary angioplasty has yet to be established. METHODS: Our
      study population consisted of 1,791 patients with STEMI treated by primary
      angioplasty from 1994 to 2001. All clinical, angiographic and follow-up data were
      collected. Subanalyses were conducted according to patient risk profile at
      presentation and preprocedural Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow.
      RESULTS: A total of 103 patients (5.8%) had died at one year. Symptom-onset-to
      balloon time was significantly associated with the rate of postprocedural TIMI 3
      flow (p = 0.012), myocardial blush grade (p = 0.033), and one-year mortality (p =
      0.02). A stronger linear association between symptom-onset-to-balloon time and
      one-year mortality was observed in non-low-risk patients (p = 0.006) and those
      with preprocedural TIMI flow 0 to 1 (p = 0.013). No relationship was found
      between door-to-balloon time and mortality. At multivariate analysis, a symptom
      onset-to-balloon time >4 h was identified as an independent predictor of one-year
      mortality (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that, in patients with STEMI
      treated by primary angioplasty, symptom-onset-to-balloon time, but not door-to
      balloon time, is related to mortality, particularly in non-low-risk patients and
      in the absence of preprocedural anterograde flow. Furthermore, a symptom-onset-to
      balloon time >4 h was identified as independent predictor of one-year mortality.

PMID- 13678919
TI  - Frequency and clinical significance of ischemic preconditioning during
      percutaneous coronary intervention.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: We sought to examine the short- and long-term clinical consequences
      of ischemic preconditioning (IP) during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
      BACKGROUND: Ischemic preconditioning has been demonstrated in animal models to
      significantly diminish the extent of myocardial necrosis consequent to coronary
      occlusion. Surrogate markers of ischemic injury (ST segment shift, lactate
      release, creatine kinase release) in humans have been shown to be similarly
      diminished with IP elicited during PCI. There are no studies of the frequency of
      inducibility of IP during PCI, nor are there longer-term data on the clinical
      relevance of IP. METHODS: A total of 382 patients underwent elective PCI
      employing a previously validated protocol to elicit IP. Procedural, in-hospital,
      and one-year outcomes were recorded. RESULTS: Ischemic preconditioning was
      elicited in 80% of patients and was associated with a significant reduction in
      the likelihood of in-hospital adverse cardiac events (IP group, 12.1%; non-IP
      group, 44.1%; p < 0.0001). Women and diabetic patients were less likely to
      exhibit IP. By one year, patients failing to manifest IP were at significantly
      greater risk of post-discharge death or non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) (non
      IP group, 25.9%; IP group, 11.1%; p < 0.002). Failure to manifest IP was
      significantly and independently associated with an increased risk of death or non
      fatal MI by one year. CONCLUSIONS: Clinically relevant short- and long-term
      cardioprotection can be found in association with IP during PCI. In-hospital
      adverse ischemic events are significantly diminished in patients with IP, as are
      the risks of death or non-fatal MI at one year. Failure to elicit IP during PCI
      serves as an independent marker of increased risk of future ischemic events.

PMID- 13678920
TI  - Myocardial response to ischemic preconditioning: is it a novel predictor of
      prognosis?

PMID- 13678921
TI  - Focal ischemia of the brain after neuroprotected carotid artery stenting.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: This study sought to assess the incidence of cerebral ischemia in
      nonselected patients undergoing neuroprotected carotid angioplasty and stenting
      (CAS) without preceding multiple-vessel diagnostic angiography. BACKGROUND:
      Protection devices to prevent distal embolization during CAS are presently under
      clinical investigation. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
      visualizes recent ischemia of the brain and may aid in assessing the efficacy of
      protection devices. METHODS: Elective CAS was performed in 42 consecutive
      patients (15 female, 27 male; mean age, 67 +/- 9 years) using six different types
      of cerebral protection systems. All patients underwent MRI of the brain before
      and after a total of 44 interventions. RESULTS: Placement and retrieval of the
      devices and stent deployment was achieved in all procedures. New ischemic foci
      were seen on postinterventional MRI in 10 cases (22.7%). One patient had
      sustained a major stroke, whereas no adverse neurological sequelae were
      associated with the other nine procedures. In the latter, one to three foci
      (maximum area 43.0 mm(2)) were detected in cerebral regions subtended by the
      ipsilateral carotid artery in eight cases and by the contralateral carotid artery
      in one case. In the stroke patient, 12 ischemic foci (maximum area 84.5 mm(2))
      were exclusively located in the contralateral hemisphere. Follow-up MRI at 4.1
      months (median, n = 7) identified residuals of cerebral ischemia only in this
      patient. CONCLUSIONS: Neuroprotected CAS is associated in about 25% of cases with
      predominantly silent cerebral ischemia. Our findings suggest manipulation of
      endoluminal equipment in the supraaortic vessels to be a major risk factor for
      cerebral embolism during neuroprotected CAS.

PMID- 13678922
TI  - Protecting the brain:how do we measure success?

PMID- 13678923
TI  - Sulfonylureas attenuate electrocardiographic ST-segment elevation during an acute
      myocardial infarction in diabetics.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether sulfonylureas
      attenuate ST-segment elevation in diabetics during acute myocardial infarction
      (AMI). BACKGROUND: Sulfonylureas block adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium
      channels found in the pancreas and heart. Animal studies have demonstrated that
      opening of these cardiac channels results in ST-segment elevation during AMI, and
      pretreatment with sulfonylureas blunts these ST-segment changes. METHODS: We
      performed a retrospective study of diabetic patients hospitalized with AMI over a
      four-year period in Framingham, Massachusetts. Electrocardiograms obtained on
      arrival were analyzed for standard ST-segment criteria for thrombolytic therapy
      (>1 mm in two or more contiguous leads). Results were compared between the study
      group (40 patients taking sulfonylureas) and control group (48 patients taking
      alternative hypoglycemic agent). RESULTS: Demographics were similar for both
      groups apart from a female preponderance in the study group. A significantly
      higher percentage of patients in the study group did not meet ST-segment criteria
      for thrombolytic therapy as compared with the control group (53% vs. 29%, p =
      0.02). This difference was most prominent in patients with peak creatinine
      phosphokinase levels between 500 and 1,000 mg/dl (86% vs. 22%, p = 0.04). The
      magnitude of ST-segment elevation and the frequency of thrombolytic therapy were
      significantly lower in the sulfonylurea group than in the control group (1.1 +/-
      1.0 mm vs. 2.1 +/- 2.7 mm, p = 0.02 and 20% vs. 40%, p = 0.04, respectively).
      CONCLUSIONS: Sulfonylurea therapy appears to attenuate the magnitude of ST
      segment elevation during an AMI, resulting in failure to meet criteria for
      thrombolytic therapy and as a consequence leading to inappropriate withholding
      therapy in this subset of diabetic patients.

PMID- 13678924
TI  - The sulfonylurea controversy: much ado about nothing or cause for concern?

PMID- 13678925
TI  - Clinical implications of carotid artery remodeling in acute coronary syndrome:
      ultrasonographic assessment of positive remodeling.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: We investigated the relationship between ultrasonographic features of
      the carotid artery and the angiographic features of coronary plaques in acute
      coronary syndrome (ACS). BACKGROUND: The carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) may
      be a marker of advanced coronary artery disease. METHODS: Consecutive ACS
      patients (N = 125) underwent B-mode ultrasonography within one week of the acute
      coronary event. Using a 7.5-MHz linear array transducer, the common carotid IMT,
      interadventitial diameter, and luminal diameter were examined. Carotid plaques
      were also assessed. Then patients were divided into two groups based on the
      number of complex plaques identified by coronary angiography. RESULTS: The
      carotid IMT of 75 patients with multiple complex coronary plaques was
      significantly larger than that of 50 patients with solitary plaques (p < 0.0003).
      The prevalence of soft and hard carotid plaques was higher in the group with
      multiple coronary plaques than in those with single plaques (28% vs. 12%, p <
      0.04 and 13% vs. 0%, p < 0.008, respectively). Additionally, the carotid
      interadventitial diameter was larger in the patients with multiple plaques than
      in those with single plaques (7.93 +/- 0.97 mm vs. 7.48 +/- 0.88 mm, p < 0.01),
      and a significant correlation was observed between the carotid IMT and
      interadventitial diameter (R = 0.54, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: In ACS, multiple
      complex coronary plaques are associated with positive carotid remodeling,
      suggesting that plaque vulnerability may be a systemic phenomenon.

PMID- 13678926
TI  - Acute coronary syndromes, plaque vulnerability, and carotid artery disease: the
      changing role of atherosclerosis imaging.

PMID- 13678927
TI  - The prognostic importance of endothelial dysfunction and carotid atheroma burden
      in patients with coronary artery disease.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to determine the relative prognostic
      importance of noninvasive measures of endothelial function and atheroma burden in
      patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). BACKGROUND: Direct measurement of
      atherosclerosis by carotid ultrasound and endothelial function assessment by
      brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) have both been shown to predict
      vascular events. The combined prognostic utility of carotid ultrasound and FMD
      relative to traditional risk markers and cardiovascular fitness has not been
      evaluated. METHODS: A total of 152 patients with CAD underwent metabolic testing,
      exercise stress tests, carotid ultrasound, and endothelial function measurements.
      RESULTS: Patients were followed for 34 +/- 10 months during which 22 vascular
      events occurred. Peak FMD (p = 0.012) and FMD/nitroglycerin-mediated dilation
      (NMD) ratio (p = 0.008) were lower in subjects with events. Univariate analysis
      with Cox proportional hazards modeling identified plaque area (p = 0.0047), total
      area (p = 0.0085), peak FMD (p = 0.01), FMD/NMD ratio (p = 0.008), stress test
      workload (p = 0.027), long-acting nitroglycerin (NTG) (p = 0.0071), and calcium
      blockers (p = 0.0057) as predictors of adverse events. Multivariate analysis
      showed that FMD/NMD ratio (p < 0.0001), carotid plaque area (p = 0.06), and NTG
      (p = 0.005) were independent predictors. Based on median values, subjects were
      divided into high and low "plaque burden" groups and into high and low FMD/NMD
      subgroups. Patients with high FMD/NMD had low event rates irrespective of the
      degree of carotid atheroma. Patients with low FMD/NMD and high "plaque burden"
      had the highest event rate (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The structural and functional
      status of the vasculature are independent predictors of coronary events as shown
      by noninvasive measurement of endothelial function and carotid atheroma burden in
      patients with CAD. Preserved endothelial function attenuates the risk of future
      events associated with a high plaque burden.

PMID- 13678928
TI  - Insulin ameliorates exercise ventilatory efficiency and oxygen uptake in patients
      with heart failure-type 2 diabetes comorbidity.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: This study sought to test whether insulin improves exercise
      ventilatory efficiency (VE/VCO2 slope) and oxygen uptake at peak exercise (peak
      VO2) in patients with type 2 diabetes-heart failure (HF) comorbidity. BACKGROUND:
      In type 2 diabetes-HF comorbidity, depression of alveolar-capillary diffusion
      (DL(CO)) correlates with deterioration of exercise VE/VCO2 slope and peak VO2.
      Insulin potentiates DL(CO) in these patients. METHODS: Exercise ventilatory
      efficiency and peak VO2 (cycle ergometry ramp protocol), as well as DL(CO) at
      rest and its subdivisions (membrane conductance [D(M)] and pulmonary capillary
      blood volume [V(C)]) were assessed in 18 patients with type 2 diabetes-HF
      comorbidity at baseline and after 50 ml of saline + regular insulin (10 IU), or
      saline, was infused on consecutive days, according to a random crossover design.
      Glycemia was kept at pre-insulin level for the experiment duration. RESULTS:
      Baseline DL(CO), D(M), peak VO2, and VE/VCO2 slope were compromised in these
      patients. At measurements performed in the 60 min after infusions, compared with
      at baseline, saline was ineffective, whereas insulin augmented peak VO2 (+13.5%)
      and lowered VE/VCO(2) slope (-18%), and also increased time to anaerobic
      threshold (+29.4%), maximal O2 pulse (+12.3%), aerobic efficiency (+21.2%),
      DL(CO) (+12.5%), and D(M) (+21.6%), despite a reduction in V(C) (-16.3%); insulin
      did not vary cardiac index and ejection fraction at rest. Changes in peak VO2 and
      VE/VCO2 slope (r = 0.67, p = 0.002; r = -0.73, p < 0.001, respectively)
      correlated with those in DL(CO). These responses were unrelated to
      glycohemoglobin and baseline fasting blood sugar. They were persistent at 6 h
      after insulin infusion, and were undetectable at 24 h. CONCLUSIONS: In diabetes
      HF comorbidity, insulin causes a prolonged improvement in physical performance
      through activation of multiple factors, among which facilitation of gas
      conductance seems to be predominant.

PMID- 13678929
TI  - Diabetes and heart failure: is insulin therapy the answer?

PMID- 13678930
TI  - Reduced myocardial perfusion reserve and transmural perfusion gradient in heart
      transplant arteriopathy assessed by magnetic resonance imaging.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to detect transplant arteriopathy (Tx-CHD)
      by a reduced myocardial perfusion reserve (MPR) and resting
      endomyocardial/epimyocardial perfusion ratio (Endo/Epi ratio). BACKGROUND:
      Transplant arteriopathy often lacks clinical symptoms and is the reason for
      frequent surveillance angiography in heart transplant (Tx) recipients. Magnetic
      resonance perfusion imaging (MRPI) allows noninvasive assessment of transmural
      and selective endomyocardial and epimyocardial perfusion. METHODS: Fifteen
      healthy volunteers (controls) and three groups (A, B, C) of Tx recipients were
      included. In controls and patients, MPR (hyperemic/resting perfusion) and
      Endo/Epi ratio were determined with MRPI after injection of gadolinium
      diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid at rest and during hyperemia (intravenous
      adenosine). Group A (n = 10) had no left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and/or
      prior rejection, while patients in group B (n = 10) had at least one of these
      characteristics. Patients in group A and B had a normal coronary angiogram and a
      coronary flow reserve (CFR) of > or =2.5 (CFR = hyperemic/resting blood flow).
      Group C (n = 7) had Tx-CHD diagnosed by angiography and a reduced CFR (<2.5).
      RESULTS: In group C, MPR (1.7 +/- 0.5) and Endo/Epi ratio (1.1 +/- 0.2) were
      significantly reduced compared with controls (4.2 +/- 0.7 and 1.6 +/- 0.3; both p
      < 0.0001), group A (3.6 +/- 0.7 and 1.6 +/- 0.2; both p < 0.0001) and B (2.7 +/-
      0.9, p < 0.01 and 1.4 +/- 0.1, p < 0.04). Transplant arteriopathy can be excluded
      by an MPR of >2.3 with sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 85%. If LV
      hypertrophy and prior rejection are excluded, Tx-CHD can be excluded by an
      Endo/Epi ratio of >1.3 with 100% and 80%. CONCLUSIONS: Magnetic resonance
      perfusion imaging detects Tx-CHD by a decreased MPR. After exclusion of LV
      hypertrophy and prior rejection, resting Endo/Epi ratio alone might be sufficient
      to indicate Tx-CHD.

PMID- 13678931
TI  - Hearts late after fontan operation have normal mass, normal volume, and reduced
      systolic function: a magnetic resonance imaging study.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess ventricular mass, volume, and
      systolic function in patients late after Fontan operation by cardiac magnetic
      resonance imaging. BACKGROUND: An assessment of determinants for ventricular
      function in post-Fontan patients was intended. METHODS: Twenty-three unselected
      patients (9 female, 14 male) at a median age of 19.4 years (range, 7.8 to 31.3
      years), at a median time of 10.5 years (range, 4.1 to 18 years) after Fontan
      operation were studied. A standard 1.5-T scanner was used, and analysis was
      performed using dedicated software. Ten healthy volunteers (median age 26.4,
      range 18 to 39.3 years) served as the control group. RESULTS: Median end-systolic
      mass index was 72.2 g/m(2) (range, 43 to 138 g/m(2)) and 86.6 g/m(2) (range, 52
      to 123 g/m(2)) in the control group (p = NS). Median end-diastolic ventricular
      volume was 64 ml/m(2) (range, 32 to 117 ml/m(2)) compared with 67.7 ml/m(2)
      (range, 59 to 75 ml/m(2)) in the control group (p = NS). Median ejection fraction
      was 49.3% (range, 20% to 63%) compared with 64.8% (range, 57% to 79%) in normals
      (p = 0.00001). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that long-term survivors of a Fontan
      operation have normal ventricular mass, normal volume, but reduced systolic
      ventricular function.

PMID- 13678932
TI  - Atrial anatomy in non-cardioembolic stroke patients: effect of medical therapy.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to assess the mechanism responsible for
      increased stroke risk in patients with atrial septal aneurysm (SA) and patent
      foramen ovale (PFO), and to determine the efficacy of medical therapy for
      preventing stroke recurrence or death. BACKGROUND: Atrial septal aneurysm and PFO
      are associated with stroke. However, the mechanism for this association is
      undefined, and the efficacy of medical therapy has not been investigated in a
      randomized fashion. METHODS: The Patent foramen ovale In Cryptogenic Stroke Study
      (PICSS) evaluated transesophageal echocardiography findings in patients enrolled
      in the Warfarin-Aspirin Recurrent Stroke Study, a randomized double-blind trial
      to evaluate the efficacy of warfarin compared with aspirin. RESULTS: Large PFO
      and prominent eustachian valve (EV) or right atrial (RA) filamentous strands were
      found more frequently in patients with SA compared with those without SA (37.7%
      vs. 10.9%, p < 0.001 and 59.4% vs. 43.1%, p = 0.02). Patients with SA and PFO had
      no significant difference in time to recurrent stroke or death compared with
      those having neither (hazard ratio [HR] 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.49
      to 2.38, p = 0.84; two-year event rates 15.9% vs. 14.5%). Patients with SA, PFO,
      and RA anatomy predisposing to paradoxical embolization also had no difference
      compared with those without these findings (HR 1.22, 95% CI 0.43 to 3.47, p =
      0.71; two-year event rates 18.2% vs. 14.2%). There was no significant difference
      in time to recurrent stroke or death between the patients treated with warfarin
      or aspirin (HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.22 to 4.47, p = 1.0; two-year event rates 16.0% vs.
      15.8%). CONCLUSIONS: Atrial septal aneurysm is associated with the presence of
      large PFO and prominent EV or RA filamentous strands. On medical therapy,
      patients with SA and PFO did not experience increased risk of adverse events, and
      there was no difference between treatment results for warfarin and for aspirin.

PMID- 13678933
TI  - Patent foramen ovale: friend or foe?

PMID- 13678935
TI  - Practical applications in stress echocardiography: risk stratification and
      prognosis in patients with known or suspected ischemic heart disease.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to define appropriate parameters for
      risk stratification and prognosis in patients undergoing stress echocardiography.
      BACKGROUND: Stress echocardiography is an established technique for the diagnosis
      of coronary artery disease. However, current data on risk stratification of
      patients undergoing stress echocardiography are limited. METHODS: We evaluated
      1,500 patients (59 +/- 13 years old; 51% male) undergoing stress echocardiography
      (34% with treadmill exercise and 66% with dobutamine). Resting left ventricular
      ejection fraction (EF) and regional wall motion were assessed by the consensus of
      two echocardiographers. Follow-up (mean 2.7 +/- 1.0 years) for confirmed non
      fatal myocardial infarction (n = 31) and cardiac death (n = 44) were performed.
      RESULTS: By univariate analysis, both the peak wall motion score index (WMSI) (p
      < 0.0001) and EF (p < 0.0001) were significant predictors of cardiac events. Peak
      WMSI effectively risk stratified patients into low (0.9%/year), intermediate
      (3.1%/year), and high (5.2%/year) risk groups (p < 0.0001). A threshold of 45% EF
      provided further risk stratification of all WMSI groups. By multivariate logistic
      regression analysis, peak WMSI (relative risk [RR] 2.1, 95% confidence interval
      [CI] 1.0 to 4.4; p = 0.04) and EF (RR 1.0, 95% CI 0.9 to 1.0; p = 0.01) were both
      predictors of cardiac events. CONCLUSIONS: Stress echocardiography yields
      prognostic information for risk stratification of patients with known or
      suspected ischemic heart disease. A normal stress echocardiographic study (peak
      WMSI = 1.0) confers a benign prognosis (0.9%/year cardiac event rate). Peak WMSI
      >1.7 and EF < or =45% are independent markers of patients at high risk of an
      adverse clinical outcome.

PMID- 13678934
TI  - Is aortic dilatation an atherosclerosis-related process? Clinical, laboratory,
      and transesophageal echocardiographic correlates of thoracic aortic dimensions in
      the population with implications for thoracic aortic aneurysm formation.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The study determined, in a population-based setting, whether
      dilatation of the thoracic aorta is an atherosclerosis-related process.
      BACKGROUND: The role of atherosclerosis in thoracic aortic dilatation and
      aneurysm formation is poorly defined. METHODS: The dimensions of the thoracic
      aorta were measured with transesophageal echocardiography in 373 subjects
      participating in a population-based study (median age 66 years; 52% men). The
      associations between clinical and laboratory atherosclerosis risk factors, aortic
      atherosclerotic plaques, and aortic dimensions were examined. RESULTS: Age, male
      gender, and body surface area (BSA) jointly accounted for 41%, 31%, 38%, and 47%
      of the variability in diameters of the sinuses of Valsalva, ascending aorta,
      aortic arch, and descending aorta, respectively. Adjusting for age, gender, and
      BSA: 1) smoking was associated with a greater aortic arch diameter, and diastolic
      blood pressure and diabetes were each associated with a greater descending aorta
      diameter (p < 0.05); 2) atherosclerotic plaques in the descending aorta were
      associated with a greater descending aorta diameter (0.18 +/- 0.08-mm increase in
      diameter per 1-mm increase in plaque thickness; p = 0.02); and 3) minor negative
      associations were noted between atherosclerotic plaques and risk factors for
      atherosclerosis and the dimensions of the proximal thoracic aorta. Notably,
      atherosclerosis risk factors and plaque variables each accounted for <2% of the
      variability in aortic dimensions, adjusting for age, gender, and BSA.
      CONCLUSIONS: Age, gender, and BSA are major determinants of thoracic aortic
      dimensions. Atherosclerosis risk factors and aortic atherosclerotic plaques are
      weakly associated with distal aortic dilatation, suggesting that atherosclerosis
      plays a minor role in aortic dilatation in the population.

PMID- 13678936
TI  - Beneficial pleiotropic vascular effects of rosuvastatin in two hypertensive
      models.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The goal of this research was to study the effects of rosuvastatin on
      systemic and regional hemodynamics in two hypertensive rat models, one genetic,
      the other induced with inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis. BACKGROUND: Rats
      naturally have low cholesterol levels that are generally unaffected by statin
      therapy, thus providing a good model for studying cardiovascular effects
      unrelated to lipid metabolism. METHODS: Male 20-week-old spontaneously
      hypertensive rats (SHR) were divided into five groups and given either vehicle or
      1, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg of rosuvastatin daily, by gavage, for 12 weeks. Wistar
      Kyoto rats (WKY) were divided into four groups; the first received vehicle and
      the second rosuvastatin (20 mg/kg). The third and fourth groups were given
      N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NAME) (15 mg/kg/day) in drinking water, and the
      fourth group received rosuvastatin daily, 20 mg/kg for six weeks. At the end of
      the respective treatments, systemic and organ hemodynamics (radionuclide-labeled
      microspheres) and cardiovascular mass were determined in all rats. RESULTS:
      Rosuvastatin reduced arterial pressure in SHR rats, but not in WKY/L-NAME rats.
      Total peripheral resistance decreased with rosuvastatin in both hypertensive
      models, whereas cardiac output increased with rosuvastatin in WKY/L-NAME rats.
      Neither cardiac nor aortic mass was changed. Regional hemodynamics improved with
      rosuvastatin in both hypertensive models, as evidenced by increased blood flows
      and decreased vascular resistances. No effect on plasma lipids was observed.
      CONCLUSIONS: These results showed that rosuvastatin reduced arterial pressure in
      genetic hypertension and improved systemic and regional hemodynamics in both
      hypertensive models independently of cholesterol levels. Thus rosuvastatin
      improved systemic and regional hemodynamics by reducing vascular resistance.

PMID- 13678937
TI  - Termination of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia by tecadenoson (CVT-510),
      a novel A1-adenosine receptor agonist.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate tecadenoson safety and efficacy
      during conversion of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) to sinus
      rhythm. BACKGROUND: Tecadenoson (CVT-510), a novel adenosine receptor (Ado R)
      agonist, selectively activates the A1 Ado R and prolongs atrioventricular (AV)
      nodal conduction at doses lower than those required to cause A2 Ado R-mediated
      coronary and peripheral vasodilation. Unlike adenosine, which non-selectively
      activates all four Ado R subtypes and produces unwanted effects, tecadenoson
      appears to terminate AV node-dependent supraventricular tachycardias without
      hypotension and bronchoconstriction. METHODS: In this open-label, multicenter,
      dose escalation study, tecadenoson was administered to 37 patients (AV node re
      entrant tachycardia, n = 29; AV re-entrant tachycardia, n = 8) with inducible
      PSVT sustained for > or =1 min during an electrophysiology study. Seven regimens
      (0.3 to 15 microg/kg) of up to two identical tecadenoson intravenous bolus doses
      were administered. RESULTS: After the first or second bolus, PSVT converted to
      sustained sinus rhythm for > or =5 min in 86.5% (32/37) of the patients, with 91%
      (29/32) of the conversions occurring after the first bolus (most within 30 s),
      coincident with anterograde conduction block in the AV node. No effects on sinus
      cycle length (SCL) or systolic blood pressure were observed. The atrial-His (AH),
      but not the His-ventricular (HV) interval was prolonged up to 5 min after the
      final tecadenoson bolus, returning to baseline by 10 min. Tecadenoson was
      generally well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, tecadenoson rapidly
      terminated sustained PSVT by depressing AV nodal conduction without causing
      hypotension. After sinus rhythm restoration, there was minimal AH interval
      prolongation without HV interval or SCL prolongation.

PMID- 13678938
TI  - Significant gender-related differences in radiofrequency catheter ablation
      therapy.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: We investigated possible differences between male and female patients
      regarding ablation therapy. BACKGROUND: Gender-related differences might have a
      major impact on different aspects of radiofrequency ablation therapy. Data on
      this topic are very limited, focusing almost exclusively on success and
      recurrence rates. METHODS: The study population consisted of 894 consecutive
      patients who underwent catheter ablation of accessory pathways (n = 519) and/or
      atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT) (n = 379). There were 418
      (46.8%) male and 476 (53.2%) female patients. RESULTS: Female patients were
      referred for ablation later than male patients (185 +/- 143 vs. 157 +/- 144
      months after onset of symptoms, p < 0.001) and after having been given more
      antiarrhythmic drugs (1.6 +/- 1.2 vs. 1.3 +/- 1.1, p < 0.001). Women were more
      symptomatic, with a higher number of patients having >1 tachycardia episode per
      month (80.3% vs. 70.3% in men, p < 0.001). Fluoroscopy time, radiofrequency
      applications, and procedure duration were similar in male and female patients
      undergoing accessory pathway ablation as well as in male and female patients
      undergoing AVNRT ablation. No difference was seen in success, complication, and
      recurrence rates between men and women. CONCLUSIONS: Physicians and/or patients
      tend toward a more conservative approach in female patients. Women are referred
      for ablation later than are men, after a longer duration of symptoms, and after
      having been given more antiarrhythmic drugs. However, potential concerns on
      behalf of physicians or female patients do not seem to be justified: ablation
      procedures in women had equally high success, low complication, and low
      recurrence rates as those procedures in male patients.

PMID- 13678939
TI  - Morphology of atrial myocardium in human pulmonary veins: a postmortem analysis
      in patients with and without atrial fibrillation.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: We report an in-depth postmortem morphologic analysis of atrial
      myocardium in human pulmonary veins (PVs) from patients with and without atrial
      fibrillation (AF). BACKGROUND: Electrophysiologic studies established the
      critical role of PVs in the initiation of AF. To date, a paucity of data exists
      about PV morphology as an arrhythmogenic substrate. METHODS: Longitudinal tissue
      strips of PVs were excised and histologically analyzed from the distal part to
      just beyond the atriovenous junction in the left atrium from 20 patients,
      obtained at autopsy. Anatomical measurements, including diameters, lengths, and
      wall-thicknesses of PVs, obtained at autopsy, were made. RESULTS: Histological
      analysis revealed extension of atrial myocardium into 89% of all PVs. Prevalence
      of myocardial extension was significantly higher in veins of 6 patients with
      compared with 14 patients without AF. Other significant differences in the
      histology of PVs between the two groups were a higher frequency of discontinuity
      and hypertrophy and a higher degree of fibrosis of the atrial myocardium in the
      PVs of patients with AF. A marked variation existed in anatomical dimensions of
      PVs, although no differences were observed between patients with or without AF.
      CONCLUSIONS: Atrial myocardium was more often present in the PVs of patients with
      compared with patients without AF. In the first group, the atrial myocardium in
      the PVs was characterized by more severe discontinuity, hypertrophy, and
      fibrosis. A marked variation in anatomical dimensions of the PVs existed.

PMID- 13678940
TI  - Resistance in vitro to low-dose aspirin is associated with platelet PlA1 (GP
      IIIa) polymorphism but not with C807T(GP Ia/IIa) and C-5T Kozak (GP Ibalpha)
      polymorphisms.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: We investigated whether three platelet gene polymorphisms, Pl(A1/A2),
      C807T, and C-5T Kozak (encoding, respectively, for platelet membrane
      glycoproteins (GP) IIIa, GP Ia/IIa, GP Ibalpha), could contribute to the
      resistance to a low dose of aspirin (160 mg/day). BACKGROUND: Aspirin
      antiplatelet effect is not uniform in all patients, and the mechanism by which
      some patients are in vitro resistant to aspirin remains to be determined.
      However, it has been suggested that polymorphisms of platelet membrane
      glycoproteins might contribute to aspirin resistance. METHODS: Ninety-eight
      patients on aspirin (160 mg/day) for at least one month were enrolled. Aspirin
      resistance was measured by the platelet function analyzer (PFA)-100 analyzer;
      genotyping of the three polymorphisms was performed using a polymerase chain
      reaction-based restriction fragment-length polymorphism analysis. RESULTS: Using
      a collagen/epinephrine-coated cartridge on the PFA-100, the prevalence of aspirin
      resistance was 29.6% (n = 29). Aspirin-resistant patients were significantly more
      often Pl(A1/A1) (86.2%; n = 25) than sensitive patients (59.4%; n = 41; p =
      0.01). Of the 29 patients, 25 were reevaluated after having taken 300 mg/day
      aspirin for at least one month. Only 11 patients still have nonprolonged collagen
      epinephrine closure time, and these were all Pl(A1/A1). No relation was found
      between resistance status and C-5T Kozak or C807T genotypes. CONCLUSIONS:
      Platelets homozygous for the Pl(A1) allele appear to be less sensitive to
      inhibitory action of low-dose aspirin. This differential sensitivity to aspirin
      may have potential clinical implications whereby specific antiplatelet therapy
      may be best tailored according to the patient's Pl(A) genotype.

PMID- 13678942
TI  - Retrograde coronary perfusion: a superior route to deliver therapeutics to the
      heart?*.

PMID- 13678941
TI  - Selective pressure-regulated retroinfusion of fibroblast growth factor-2 into the
      coronary vein enhances regional myocardial blood flow and function in pigs with
      chronic myocardial ischemia.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: We sought to improve regional myocardial delivery and subsequent
      collateral perfusion induced by basic fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) using
      selective pressure-regulated retroinfusion of coronary veins for delivery. This
      hypothesis was tested in a newly developed pig model with percutaneous induction
      of chronic ischemia. BACKGROUND: Selective pressure-regulated retroinfusion of
      coronary veins is a catheter-based procedure that has been shown to provide
      effective regional delivery of drugs and gene vectors into ischemic myocardium.
      METHODS: A high-grade stenosis with subsequent progression to total occlusion
      within 28 days was induced by implanting a reduction stent graft into the left
      anterior descending artery (LAD). After seven days, a 30-min retroinfusion
      (anterior cardiac vein) was performed with (n = 7) or without (n = 7) 150 microg
      FGF-2 and compared with a 30-min antegrade infusion of 150 microg FGF-2 into the
      LAD (n = 7). Sonomicrometry to assess regional myocardial function at rest and
      during pacing, and microspheres to assess regional myocardial blood flow, were
      performed 28 days after implantation of the reduction stent. RESULTS:
      Retroinfusion of FGF-2 compared favorably with controls and with antegrade
      infusion of FGF-2 with regard to regional myocardial function at rest (18.5 +/-
      4.1% vs. 5.7 +/- 2.9% vs. 7.9 +/- 1.8%, respectively, p < 0.05) and during
      pacing. Regional myocardial blood flow was also higher in the LAD territory after
      retroinfusion of FGF-2 (1.07 +/- 0.14 vs. 0.66 +/- 0.07 vs. 0.72 +/- 0.17 ml x
      min(-1) x g(-1), p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Selective pressure-regulated
      retroinfusion increased tissue binding of FGF-2 and enhanced functionally
      relevant collateral perfusion compared with antegrade intracoronary delivery in
      pigs with chronic myocardial ischemia.

PMID- 13678943
TI  - A novel point-of-care enoxaparin monitor for use during percutaneous coronary
      intervention. Results of the Evaluating Enoxaparin Clotting Times (ELECT) Study.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to discern a target range of
      anticoagulation for enoxaparin during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) as
      measured by the Rapidpoint ENOX (Pharmanetics Inc., Morrisville, North Carolina),
      a new point-of-care test. BACKGROUND: In the U.S., enoxaparin has been used in
      only a small proportion of PCI procedures, partly because a rapid enoxaparin
      specific assay was unavailable. METHODS: We analyzed data from 445 enrolled
      patients receiving subcutaneous or intravenous enoxaparin in a prospective,
      multicenter study. Serial anticoagulation measurements and clinical outcomes were
      recorded. RESULTS: The in-hospital composite occurrence of death, myocardial
      infarction, and urgent target vessel revascularization was 5.4%, and Thrombolysis
      In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) major bleeding, minor bleeding, and any reported
      bleeding occurred in 0.2%, 1.3%, and 7.9% of patients, respectively. No
      significant association between procedural ENOX times and ischemic events was
      observed (p = 0.222), although the event rate was 4.0% among those with ENOX
      times between 250 to 450 s versus 7.2% for those outside this range (p = 0.134).
      Increasing ENOX time at sheath removal was correlated with any bleeding (p =
      0.010) with a 1% increase for every approximately 30-s rise. CONCLUSIONS:
      Ischemic events were infrequent, and the rate appeared lowest in the mid-range of
      ENOX times. Bleeding events increased with increasing ENOX times. These
      observations, combined with a suggested procedural anti-Xa level of 0.8 to 1.8
      IU/ml, translate into a recommended ENOX time range of 250 to 450 s for PCI and
      <200 to 250 s for sheath removal.

PMID- 13678944
TI  - The T-786C endothelial nitric oxide synthase genotype and coronary artery
      disease.

PMID- 13678945
TI  - Response to renin-angiotensin system antagonists in hypertensive black subjects.

PMID- 13678947
TI  - Neopterin--a forgotten biomarker.

PMID- 13678948
TI  - Transient left ventricular apical ballooning and outflow tract obstruction.

PMID- 13678950
TI  - Are levels of C-reactive protein and troponin T the best predictors of mortality
      after acute coronary syndrome?

PMID- 13678953
TI  - HIDden targets of microRNAs for growth control.
AB  - How is the size of an animal determined? Why is it that humans grow larger than
      mice? Certainly, one of the most astonishing features of animal development is
      that every animal of a given species, and its organs and appendages, grow to
      approximately the same size. Surprisingly little is known about the biology of
      tissue growth and size control. Recent advances in Drosophila research have
      implicated a microRNA as an important regulator of animal size. These studies
      reveal an unexpected layer of size regulation in higher animals.

PMID- 13678954
TI  - New insights into the formation of active nonsense-mediated decay complexes.
AB  - In the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway, an exon-junction protein
      complex (EJC) and hUpf proteins mediate rapid downregulation of aberrant mRNAs
      that terminate translation upstream of the last splice junction. Two EJC
      subunits, Y14 and RNPS1, have been proposed to act as a link between splicing and
      NMD by recruiting hUpf3 and the other hUpf proteins. New studies now present
      evidence that Y14 is directly involved in NMD, and that Y14 is required for hUpf3
      activity. These findings suggest unforeseen intricacies in the formation of
      active NMD complexes.

PMID- 13678955
TI  - Light, redox state, thylakoid-protein phosphorylation and signaling gene
      expression.
AB  - Two recent publications concerning the chloroplast membrane-protein
      phosphorylation and state transition might lead to further progress in the
      elucidation of the mechanism and role of this process. A thylakoid-bound protein
      TSP9 is released to the chloroplast matrix upon redox-dependent stepwise
      phosphorylation of three threonine sites and might signal redox-dependent gene
      transcription. The state-transition process and phosphorylation of the light
      harvesting complex II require the activity of a novel protein kinase Stt7.

PMID- 13678956
TI  - CHRD, a novel domain in the BMP inhibitor chordin, is also found in microbial
      proteins.
AB  - CHRD (after SWISSPROT abbreviation for chordin) is a novel domain identified in
      chordin, an inhibitor of bone morphogenetic proteins. Database searches have
      revealed several microbial homologues to this domain. It is anticipated to have
      an immunoglobulin-like beta-barrel structure based on limited similarity to
      superoxide dismutases but, as yet, no clear functional prediction can be made.

PMID- 13678957
TI  - New types of conserved sequence domains in DNA-binding regions of homing
      endonucleases.
AB  - We have identified four new types of short conserved sequence domains in homing
      endonucleases and related proteins. These domains are modular, appearing in
      various combinations. One domain includes a motif known by structure as a novel
      sequence-specific DNA-binding helix. Sequence similarity shows two other domains
      to be new types of helix-turn-helix DNA-binding domains. We term the new domains
      nuclease-associated modular DNA-binding domains (NUMODs).

PMID- 13678959
TI  - Phototransduction: crystal clear.
AB  - Vertebrate visual phototransduction represents one of the best-characterized G
      protein-coupled receptor-mediated signaling pathways. Structural analyses of
      rhodopsin, G protein, arrestin and several other phototransduction components
      have revealed common folds and motifs that are important for function. Static and
      dynamic information has been acquired through the application of X-ray
      diffraction, solution and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy's,
      electron and atomic force microscopy's, and a host of indirect structural
      methods. A comprehensive understanding of phototransduction requires further
      structural work on individual components and their relevant complexes in solution
      and the native disk membrane. Given the accelerated pace of structure
      determination, it is anticipated that this will be the first G-protein-coupled
      pathway for which a complete molecular description is ultimately available.

PMID- 13678960
TI  - VEGF-receptor signal transduction.
AB  - The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family of ligands and receptors has
      been the focus of attention in vascular biology for more than a decade. There is
      now a consensus that the VEGFs are crucial for vascular development and
      neovascularization in physiological and pathological processes in both embryo and
      adult. This has facilitated a rapid transition to their use in clinical
      applications, for example, administration of VEGF ligands to enhance
      vascularization of ischaemic tissues and, conversely, inhibitors of VEGF-receptor
      function in anti-angiogenic therapy. More recent data indicate essential roles
      for the VEGFs in haematopoietic cell function and in lymphangiogenesis.

PMID- 13678961
TI  - The origins of RNA catalysis in ribozymes.
AB  - The discovery of RNA catalysis provided a paradigm shift in biology, insight into
      the evolution of life on the planet and a challenge to understand its mechanistic
      origins. RNA has limited catalytic resources that must be used to maximal effect.
      Consequently, RNA catalysis tends to be multifactorial, with several processes
      contributing to an overall significant enhancement of reaction rate. These
      include general acid-base catalysis, electrostatic effects, and substrate
      orientation and proximity. The main players are the RNA nucleobases and bound
      metal ions. Although most ribozymes carry out phosphoryl transfer, the same
      considerations appear to apply to peptidyl transfer in the ribosome.

PMID- 13678962
TI  - NADPH oxidases: not just for leukocytes anymore!
AB  - In addition to their role in bacterial killing by leukocytes, reactive oxygen
      species (ROS) have been increasingly recognized as important components of
      signaling and host defense in other cell types. The formation of ROS in both
      phagocytic- and non-phagocytic cells involves membrane-localized NADPH oxidases
      (Noxs). Nox proteins show structural homology to the cytochrome b(558) of
      leukocytes but, until recently, their regulation has been poorly understood.
      Here, we describe our current understanding of Nox function, and discuss emerging
      paradigms for regulation of Nox activity by Rac GTPase and/or other cytosolic
      components.

PMID- 13678963
TI  - Redox regulation of protein tyrosine phosphatases during receptor tyrosine kinase
      signal transduction.
AB  - In addition to protein phosphorylation, redox-dependent post-translational
      modification of proteins is emerging as a key signaling system that has been
      conserved throughout evolution and that influences many aspects of cellular
      homeostasis. Both systems exemplify dynamic regulation of protein function by
      reversible modification, which, in turn, regulates many cellular processes such
      as cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. In this article we focus on
      the interplay between phosphorylation- and redox-dependent signaling at the level
      of phosphotyrosine phosphatase-mediated regulation of receptor tyrosine kinases
      (RTKs). We propose that signal transduction by oxygen species through reversible
      phosphotyrosine phosphatase inhibition, represents a widespread and conserved
      component of the biochemical machinery that is triggered by RTKs.

PMID- 13678964
TI  - Afghanistan's health challenge.

PMID- 13678965
TI  - Long-term findings of HIVNET 012: the next steps.

PMID- 13678966
TI  - Membrane-repair machinery and muscular dystrophy.

PMID- 13678967
TI  - Intervention research for suicidal behaviour.

PMID- 13678968
TI  - The future of the nicotine-addiction market.

PMID- 13678969
TI  - Faster, higher, stronger...and deeper?

PMID- 13678970
TI  - Estimates of global mortality attributable to smoking in 2000.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Smoking is a risk factor for several diseases and has been increasing
      in many developing countries. Our aim was to estimate global and regional
      mortality in 2000 caused by smoking, including an analysis of uncertainty.
      METHODS: Following the methods of Peto and colleagues, we used lung-cancer
      mortality as an indirect marker for accumulated smoking risk. Never-smoker lung
      cancer mortality was estimated based on the household use of coal with poor
      ventilation. Relative risks were taken from the American Cancer Society Cancer
      Prevention Study, phase II, and the retrospective proportional mortality analysis
      of Liu and colleagues in China. Relative risks were corrected for confounding and
      extrapolation to other regions. RESULTS: We estimated that in 2000, 4.83
      (uncertainty range 3.94-5.93) million premature deaths in the world were
      attributable to smoking; 2.41 (1.80-3.15) million in developing countries and
      2.43 (2.13-2.78) million in industrialised countries. 3.84 million of these
      deaths were in men. The leading causes of death from smoking were cardiovascular
      diseases (1.69 million deaths), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (0.97
      million deaths), and lung cancer (0.85 million deaths). INTERPRETATION: Smoking
      was an important cause of global mortality in 2000. In view of the expected
      demographic and epidemiological transitions and current smoking patterns in the
      developing world, the health loss due to smoking will grow even larger unless
      effective interventions and policies that reduce smoking among men and prevent
      increases among women in developing countries are implemented.

PMID- 13678971
TI  - Local, regional, or general anaesthesia in groin hernia repair: multicentre
      randomised trial.
AB  - BACKGROUND: In specialised centres, local anaesthesia is almost always used in
      groin hernia surgery; whereas in routine surgical practice, regional or general
      anaesthesia are the methods of choice. In this three-arm multicentre randomised
      trial, we aimed to compare the three methods of anaesthesia and to determine the
      extent to which general surgeons can reproduce the excellent results obtained
      with local anaesthesia in specialised hernia centres. METHODS: Between January,
      1999, and December, 2001, 616 patients at ten hospitals, were randomly assigned
      to have either local, regional, or general anaesthesia. Primary endpoints were
      early and late postoperative complications. Secondary endpoints were duration of
      surgery and anaesthesia, length of postoperative hospital stay, and time to
      normal activity. Analysis was by intention to treat. FINDINGS: Intraoperative
      tolerance for local anaesthesia was high. In the early postoperative period,
      local anaesthesia was superior to the other two types with respect to almost all
      endpoints. At 8 days' and 30 days' follow-up, there were no significant
      differences between the three groups. Although the mean duration of surgery was
      longer, the total anaesthesia time-ie, time from the start of anaesthesia until
      the patient left the operating room-was significantly shorter than it was for
      regional or general anaesthesia. INTERPRETATION: Local anaesthesia has
      substantial advantages compared with regional or general anaesthesia, such as
      shorter duration of admission, less postoperative pain, and fewer micturition
      difficulties. The favourable results obtained with local anaesthesia in
      specialised hernia centres can, to a great extent, be reproduced by general
      surgeons in routine surgical practice.

PMID- 13678972
TI  - Brenner tumour.

PMID- 13678974
TI  - L1 expression as a predictor of progression and survival in patients with uterine
      and ovarian carcinomas.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Ovarian and uterine carcinomas are the most common cause of cancer
      related deaths in gynecological malignant diseases. We aimed to assess whether
      the L1 adhesion molecule, an important mediator for cell migration for neural and
      tumour cells, is expressed in these carcinomas. METHODS: We investigated L1
      expression by immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR, and Western blot analysis of tumour
      samples. Soluble L1 in the serum was detected by ELISA and immunoprecipitation.
      FINDINGS: We detected the L1 adhesion molecule in ovarian and uterine tumours in
      a stage-dependent manner. In a retrospective study L1 was found in 46 of 58
      ovarian carcinomas and 20 of 72 uterine adenocarcinomas. L1 expression was an
      excellent predictor of poor outlook (p<0.00001). Patients with L1 positive
      uterine tumours were at high risk for progression even in the endometrioid-type
      tumours, which usually have a favourable prognosis. In uterine tumours,
      expression of L1 in curettage samples enabled us to identify aggressive tumours
      before the operation. Soluble L1 was specifically detected in serum samples from
      patients with ovarian and uterine tumours. ADAM10, which was implicated in
      previous studies as L1 sheddase, was expressed in tumours in which soluble L1 was
      present in the serum. INTERPRETATION: L1 is overexpressed in ovarian and uterine
      carcinomas and is associated with short survival. L1 can serve as a new marker
      for prediction of clinical outcome and could be helpful to identify patients with
      uterine tumours who are at high risk for recurrent disease. L1 expression and
      cleavage could promote dissemination of tumours by facilitating cell migration.

PMID- 13678973
TI  - Intrapartum and neonatal single-dose nevirapine compared with zidovudine for
      prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Kampala, Uganda: 18-month
      follow-up of the HIVNET 012 randomised trial.
AB  - BACKGROUND: In 1999, we reported safety and efficacy data for short-course
      nevirapine from a Ugandan perinatal HIV-1 prevention trial when 496 babies were
      followed up to age 14-16 weeks. Safety and efficacy data are now presented for
      all babies followed up to 18 months of age. METHODS: From November, 1997, to
      April, 1999, HIV-1 infected pregnant women in Kampala, Uganda, were randomly
      assigned nevirapine (200 mg at labour onset and 2mg/kg for babies within 72 h of
      birth; regimen A) or zidovudine (600 mg orally at labour onset and 300 mg every 3
      h until delivery, and 4 mg/kg orally twice daily for babies for 7 days,
      regimenB). Infant HIV-1 testing was done at birth, age 6-8 and 14-16 weeks, and
      age 12 months by HIV-1 RNA PCR, and by HIV-1 antibody at 18 months. HIV-1
      transmission and HIV-1-free survival were assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis.
      We recorded adverse experiences through 6-8 weeks postpartum for mothers, and 18
      months for babies. Efficacy analyses were by intention to treat. FINDINGS: We
      enrolled 645 mothers to the study: 313 were assigned regimen A, 313 regimen B,
      and 19 placebo. Eight mothers were lost to follow-up before delivery. 99% of
      babies were breastfed (median duration 9 months). Estimated risks of HIV-1
      transmission in the zidovudine and nevirapine groups were 10.3% and 8.1% at birth
      (p=0.35); 20.0% and 11.8% by age 6-8 weeks (p=0.0063); 22.1% and 13.5% by age 14
      16 weeks (p=0.0064); and 25.8% and 15.7% by age 18 months (p=0.0023). Nevirapine
      was associated with a 41% (95% CI 16-59) reduction in relative risk of
      transmission through to age 18 months. Both regimens were well-tolerated with few
      serious side-effects. INTERPRETATION: Intrapartum/neonatal nevirapine
      significantly lowered HIV-1 transmission risk in a breastfeeding population in
      Uganda compared with a short intrapartum/neonatal zidovudine regimen. The
      absolute 8.2% reduction in transmission at 6-8 weeks was sustained at age 18
      months (10.1% [95% CI 3.5-16.6]). This simple, inexpensive, well-tolerated
      regimen has the potential to significantly decrease HIV-1 perinatal transmission
      in less-developed countries.

PMID- 13678975
TI  - Red herrings.

PMID- 13678976
TI  - Mortality in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS) and the Swiss general population.
AB  - Because of high death rates in the past, patients with HIV-1 cannot obtain life
      insurance. We measured mortality rates in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS) from
      1997 to 2001 and compared them with those of the Swiss reference population. In
      patients who were successfully treated with highly active anti-retroviral therapy
      (HAART), and who were not also infected with the hepatitis C virus, excess death
      rates were below five per thousand per year. Patients with successfully treated
      cancer have much the same excess death rates but are not excluded from life
      insurance policies.

PMID- 13678977
TI  - Tuberculosis.
AB  - Among communicable diseases, tuberculosis is the second leading cause of death
      worldwide, killing nearly 2 million people each year. Most cases are in less
      developed countries; over the past decade, tuberculosis incidence has increased
      in Africa, mainly as a result of the burden of HIV infection, and in the former
      Soviet Union, owing to socioeconomic change and decline of the health-care
      system. Definitive diagnosis of tuberculosis remains based on culture for
      Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but rapid diagnosis of infectious tuberculosis by
      simple sputum smear for acid-fast bacilli remains an important tool, and more
      rapid molecular techniques hold promise. Treatment with several drugs for 6
      months or more can cure more than 95% of patients; direct observation of
      treatment, a component of the recommended five-element DOTS strategy, is judged
      to be the standard of care by most authorities, but currently only a third of
      cases worldwide are treated under this approach. Systematic monitoring of case
      detection and treatment outcomes is essential to effective service delivery. The
      proportion of patients diagnosed and treated effectively has increased greatly
      over the past decade but is still far short of global targets. Efforts to develop
      more effective tuberculosis vaccines are under way, but even if one is
      identified, more effective treatment systems are likely to be required for
      decades. Other modes of tuberculosis control, such as treatment of latent
      infection, have a potentially important role in some contexts. Until tuberculosis
      is controlled worldwide, it will continue to be a major killer in less-developed
      countries and a constant threat in most of the more-developed countries.

PMID- 13678978
TI  - Ultrasound in tropical and parasitic diseases.
AB  - CONTEXT: Migration and worldwide travel mean that western clinicians and
      radiologists more and more face imported tropical diseases. Diseases with unclear
      signs and symptoms are likely to be investigated with ultrasound. Many tropical
      diseases have particular ultrasonographic features that are not familiar to the
      examiner and which may lead to further unnecessary or even harmful diagnostic
      investigations. In developing countries, ultrasound machines are becoming more
      widely distributed and are fairly cheap. Portable devices allow field use of
      ultrasound for population studies and individual diagnosis of tropical diseases.
      STARTING POINT: Recently, WHO introduced a standardised classification of
      ultrasonographic images of cystic echinococcosis (Acta Trop 2003; 85: 253-61), to
      obtain comparable results in patients worldwide and to link disease status with
      each morphological type of echinococcosis cyst. WHO also defined guidelines for
      the puncture, aspiration, injection of ethanol, and re-aspiration of such cysts.
      Ultrasound allows diagnosis of schistosomiasis-induced periportal fibrosis and
      bladder abnormalities. Liver abscesses can be differentiated from other focal
      lesions such as cysts or neoplasms. For amoebic abscesses, invasive procedures
      are usually not required. In doubtful cases ultrasound-guided puncture can give
      adequate material for microscopy and culture. Helminths (eg, ascaris), flukes,
      and filariae can be seen directly with ultrasound. Filaria-induced damage also
      includes hypoechogenic splenic foci and ultrasonographic abnormalities due to
      tropical hypereosinophilia. WHERE NEXT? Classification of cysts and procedures
      that are less invasive than conventional surgery are being developed further for
      cystic echinococcosis. Novel methods are needed for the assessment of polycystic
      and alveolar echinococcosis. Ultrasound protocols for schistosomiasis are being
      evaluated for interobserver reliability, relation to clinical disease status, and
      power to predict complications. A WHO expert-group is also developing a
      standardised protocol for Asian schistosomiasis. International consensus on an
      algorithm for managing amoebic liver abscesses is needed.

PMID- 13678979
TI  - Globalisation and the prevention and control of non-communicable disease: the
      neglected chronic diseases of adults.
AB  - The growing global burden of non-communicable diseases in poor countries and poor
      populations has been neglected by policy makers, major multilateral and bilateral
      aid donors, and academics. Despite strong evidence for the magnitude of this
      burden, the preventability of its causes, and the threat it poses to already
      strained health care systems, national and global actions have been inadequate.
      Globalisation is an important determinant of non-communicable disease epidemics
      since it has direct effects on risks to populations and indirect effects on
      national economies and health systems. The globalisation of the production and
      marketing campaigns of the tobacco and alcohol industries exemplify the
      challenges to policy makers and public health practitioners. A full range of
      policy responses is required from government and non-governmental agencies;
      unfortunately the capacity and resources for this response are insufficient, and
      governments need to respond appropriately. The progress made in controlling the
      tobacco industry is a modest cause for optimism.

PMID- 13678980
TI  - Surgical planning error: what's in a name?

PMID- 13678981
TI  - Global health goals: lessons from the worldwide effort to eradicate
      poliomyelitis.
AB  - The Global Polio Eradication Initiative was launched in 1988. Assessment of the
      politics, production, financing, and economics of this international effort has
      suggested six lessons that might be pertinent to the pursuit of other global
      health goals. First, such goals should be based on technically sound strategies
      with proven operational feasibility in a large geographical area. Second, before
      launching an initiative, an informed collective decision must be negotiated and
      agreed in an appropriate international forum to keep to a minimum long-term risks
      in financing and implementation. Third, if substantial community engagement is
      envisaged, efficient deployment of sufficient resources at that level
      necessitates a defined, time-limited input by the community within a properly
      managed partnership. Fourth, although the so-called fair-share concept is
      arguably the best way to finance such goals, its limitations must be recognised
      early and alternative strategies developed for settings where it does not work.
      Fifth, international health goals must be designed and pursued within existing
      health systems if they are to secure and sustain broad support. Finally,
      countries, regions, or populations most likely to delay the achievement of a
      global health goal should be identified at the outset to ensure provision of
      sufficient resources and attention. The greatest threats to poliomyelitis
      eradication are a financing gap of US 210 million dollars and difficulties in
      strategy implementation in at most five countries.

PMID- 13678982
TI  - Child survival.

PMID- 13678983
TI  - Child survival.

PMID- 13678984
TI  - Child survival.

PMID- 13678985
TI  - Child survival.

PMID- 13678986
TI  - Child survival.

PMID- 13678987
TI  - Tackling the "10-90 gap": a Canadian report.

PMID- 13678988
TI  - WHO's 3-by-5 target.

PMID- 13678989
TI  - NICE's citizen's council: what do we ask them, and how?

PMID- 13678990
TI  - Heart failure: treatment and ethnic origin.

PMID- 13678991
TI  - Heart failure: treatment and ethnic origin.

PMID- 13678992
TI  - Antioxidant vitamins for prevention of cardiovascular disease.

PMID- 13678993
TI  - Non-invasive stratification of patients at high risk from coronary disease.

PMID- 13678994
TI  - Investigation of deaths in prison in Japan.

PMID- 13678995
TI  - Heart transplant recipient climbs the Matterhorn. 42-year-old Kelly Perkins
      becomes the first person with a heart transplant to ascend the 4478-m peak.

PMID- 13678996
TI  - Conflicts of interest: honours or honoraria.

PMID- 13678997
TI  - Langerhans and Langhans: what's misleading in a name?

PMID- 13678998
TI  - Spain takes action to improve quality of life for the elderly.

PMID- 13678999
TI  - Consent for teaching procedures.

PMID- 13679000
TI  - Sale of Canadian doctors' drug data goes to court.

PMID- 13679001
TI  - Human rights organisation blasts China over HIV/AIDS cover-up. Human Rights Watch
      accuses Chinese government of being "in denial" over scale of HIV/AIDS epidemic.

PMID- 13679002
TI  - Children in chains.

PMID- 13679003
TI  - Forever young.

PMID- 13679004
TI  - High-dose biotin may down-regulate hepatic expression of acute phase reactants by
      mimicking the physiological role of nitric oxide.
AB  - There is recent evidence that nitric oxide blocks IL-6 signaling in hepatocytes
      by inhibiting activation of Stat3. If this effect is mediated by cGMP, then high
      dose biotin--which can directly activate guanylyl cyclase--may have the potential
      to suppress hepatic production of acute phase proteins.

PMID- 13679005
TI  - Are syndromes in environmental medicine variants of somatoform disorders?
AB  - To date, relatively little is known about the etiology, pathophysiology,
      diagnosis, therapy, prevention and prognosis of environment-related syndromes
      like multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS), idiopathic environmental intolerance
      (IEI), sick building syndrome (SBS), chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), candida
      syndrome (CS) and burnout syndrome (BS). Part of the reason is that these
      syndromes have not been clearly defined and classified in scientific categories
      distinct from each other, and that they show clinical similarities to classified
      somatoform disorders. Furthermore, there are at least three possible explanations
      for the existence of these syndromes: (1) The syndromes may result from the
      interaction of environmental factors, individual susceptibility and psychological
      factors (i.e., how they are perceived and seen by the patient); (2) they may
      reflect socially and culturally accepted methods of expressing distress; and/or
      (3) they may be iatrogenic. Despite all the uncertainties in evaluation of
      environmental syndromes, physicians have the duty to take the affected person's
      problems seriously. A comprehensive systematic classification which better
      accounts for these complex clinical manifestations is long overdue. Until these
      syndromes are well defined, the terms used for them should definitely not be
      applied to connote a specific disease process.

PMID- 13679006
TI  - Treatment of post-burns bacterial infections by Fenton reagent, particularly the
      ubiquitous multiple drug resistant Pseudomonas spp.
AB  - Post-burn microbial infections are a major problem in burns, and in cases of
      third degree burns, the survival of patients can depend not only upon the
      severity but also upon the extent and the type of infections. If proper measures
      are not employed, patients may suffer from opportunistic bacterial attacks, which
      can vary from simple infection, such as those easily treatable by antibiotics, to
      more complicated types, which may have natural or acquired resistance to drugs.
      Infection by multiple drug resistant (MDR) bacteria can create further complexity
      to the treatment. It is proposed that a combination of diluted hydrogen peroxide
      (H(2)O(2)) and ferrous sulphate (FeSO(4)), which generates hydroxyl radicals
      (*OH) via Fenton reaction, can effectively be used for the treatment of post
      burns bacterial infections. It should be particularly useful for the ubiquitous
      opportunistic pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, known to be notoriously resistant
      to various antibiotics. This reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced inactivation
      of the bacterial skin infections may be of particular importance in Third World
      countries where the incidence of burns and post-burns infections by MDR bacteria
      (due to the indiscriminate use of antibiotics, lack of stringent safety
      regulations and proper hygiene) may be more prevalent and where cocktails of
      antibiotics may be less affordable. Also, since the putative lack of development
      of bacterial resistance to *OH is not known, it provides an added advantage to
      the treatment. Finally, although this work addresses the control of bacterial
      infections in burns cases, it is envisaged that this ROS-induced chemotherapy may
      also be useful in combating other kinds of skin infections particularly those
      resisting antibiotic treatment.

PMID- 13679007
TI  - Low birth weight: a possible risk factor also for liver diseases in adult life?
AB  - Birth weight is a popular topic, because it is precisely recorded, a major
      determinant of infant survival, associated with infant mortality, and health
      outcomes later in life. Low birth weight (LBW) is a predisposing factor for
      metabolic abnormalities such as atherosclerosis, renal disease, non-insulin
      diabetes mellitus, asthma, low IQ, hypertension, obesity, psychological distress.
      They have all been reported to be more common among those who were small at
      birth. Due to lack of studies suggesting a linkage between LBW and diseases of
      liver; evidences, which support the hypothesis on the creation of a link between
      LBW, an indicator of unfavourable intrauterine environment, and liver diseases
      emerging in the adult life, and possible direct associations of LBW with liver
      diseases, e.g., hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cirrhosis,
      hepatoblastoma, or hepatocellular carcinoma were discussed. The associations
      between LBW and hepatitis vaccination as well as paediatric parental nutrition
      were also noted.

PMID- 13679008
TI  - Do cows fed BSE-infected meat and bone meal in the colostrum-producing stage pass
      on infectious BSE agent to their calves?
AB  - Direct ingestion of the infectious BSE agent via meat and bone meal (MBM) is
      commonly regarded as the main route of infection for cattle. I propose that
      another plausible route of infection has been overlooked so far, namely the
      ingestion of MBM by mother animals who susequently pass on the infectious agent
      in their colostrum and thus infect their offspring. This theory could explain
      why, although infection is thought to occur at very early stages in life, many
      BSE animals had not received MBM containing feeds when calves. Literature
      evidence on intact protein absorption in adult mammals, on the presence of the
      infectious BSE agent in the blood in the pre-symptomatic stage, and on the
      incorporation of intact dietary protein into colostrum or milk in humans and
      pigs, support this hypothesis. This hypothesis does not necessarily mean that
      colostrum or milk from BSE-positive animals is infectious. Rather, the mother
      animals in the hypothesis scenario will be themselves infected, but probably not
      develop the disease due to its long incubation period, thus occurring in
      statistics as 'negative' animals.

PMID- 13679009
TI  - Effect of methotrexate and folinic acid on accumulation of iron in mice.
AB  - A mouse-model was used to investigate the effect of methotrexate (MTX) and
      folinic acid on accumulation of iron in young growing mice. Four equal groups of
      Balb/c young male mice were treated (subcutaneously) with either MTX, or folinic
      acid, or MTX plus folinic acid, or physiological saline on every second day.
      After 3 weeks of treatment, liver, spleen, kidney, small intestine, brain,
      skeletal muscle and heart were removed and analyzed for iron contents using a
      spectrophotometric method. When the mean values of iron in liver of four groups
      were compared using one way ANOVA followed by Tukey's HSD test, the group
      receiving MTX alone was found to have significantly (p=0.004) more accumulation
      of iron in liver. The group receiving MTX plus folinic acid had iron accumulation
      in the liver similar to the placebo group. However, the mean values of iron in
      brain, kidney, small intestine, skeletal muscle, heart and spleen in all the
      groups, were not found to be statistically different. The data indicate that MTX
      shifts iron from being utilized in hemoglobin synthesis to liver stores. Folinic
      acid administration 8 h post-MTX, however, prevents this shift of iron to liver.
      Decreased levels of iron in plasma in mice treated with MTX alone suggest
      decreased availability of iron to other tissues for their normal growth and
      development.

PMID- 13679010
TI  - Subjective tinnitus, temporomandibular joint dysfunction, and serotonin
      modulation of neural plasticity: causal or casual triad?
AB  - Tinnitus and temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMJD) are among the most common
      complaints encountered by physicians. Though the relationship between tinnitus
      and TMJD has attracted great interest during the past several years, theories
      attempting to explain this association are still few and inconsistent.
      Conceivably, TMJD could irritate auricolo-temporal nerve (ATN), triggering a
      somatosensory pathway-induced disinhibition of dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN)
      activity in the auditory pathway. In genetically-predisposed TMJD patients,
      signals from cronically stimulated DCNs activating specific cortical neuronal
      networks, could yield plastic neural changes resulting in tinnitus. Based on
      current evidence of serotoninergic modulation of neural activity and plasticity
      in sensory pathways, reduced serotoninergic tone could promote plastic changes
      underlying tinnitus through diminished filtering of incoming signals. Therefore,
      the early establishment of specific treatments aimed at improving TMJD and/or
      boosting serotoninergic activity may be required to prevent the creation of
      'tinnitus memory circuits'.

PMID- 13679011
TI  - Fundamental physio-mitotic theory.
AB  - In differentiation division, the mitosis occurring within all tissues consists of
      more than one type of mitosis. It occurs as two antagonistic types: the essential
      duplication mitosis activated by the effect of duplication factor and the
      antagonistic maturation mitosis which develops from the essential type and is
      further stimulated by maturation factor. These different types of mitosis play
      antagonistic roles in histological development, while maintaining a specified
      physio-mitotic balance through their respective mitotic factors and mitotic
      regulatory mechanisms in the tissues. Depending on the physio-mitotic balance
      between duplication and maturation mitosis, each layer of organized tissue,
      comprised of intrinsic functional cells, differentiates from one of the three
      germ layers, without errors that create abnormal characteristics. In this way,
      the tissues establish histological identity and continuity while maintaining a
      prescribed histological organization without excess or reduced multiplication
      within the tissues. This forms the fundamental basis of the physio-mitotic
      theory.

PMID- 13679012
TI  - The A54T polymorphism of fatty acid-binding protein 2 may entail a reduction in
      fat-stimulated secretion of GIP that potentiates the adverse impact of fatty
      diets on insulin sensitivity.
AB  - A common polymorphism of the 54th codon of fatty acid-binding protein 2 (FABP2),
      in which threonine substitutes for alanine (T54), has been linked to insulin
      resistance and/or increased postprandial triglycerides in various studies. I
      propose that, in subjects expressing T54, the secretion of gastric inhibitory
      polypeptide (GIP) evoked by fatty meals is subnormal, such that adipocytes are
      less efficient in converting chylomicrons to stored triglyceride. The increased
      postprandial free fatty acid flux which this may imply could be expected to
      exacerbate insulin resistance syndrome--thus accounting for the association of
      T54 with insulin resistance in epidemiological studies. If this thesis proves to
      be correct, it will help to clarify the importance of appropriate GIP secretion
      to maintenance of insulin sensitivity in the context of fatty diets.

PMID- 13679013
TI  - Why women do not get micturition syncope?--a hypothesis.
AB  - In the present communication, the author hypothesises on the rarity of Indian
      women to suffer from micturition syncope while this is fairly common amongst men
      of all ages. Most Indian women adopt a squatting posture during micturition in
      contrast to men who prefer to stand. Squatting induced increased adrenergic drive
      and the resultant rise of blood pressure seems to negate the parasympathetic
      overactivity that results from bladder evacuation causing micturition syncope.
      Significant venous pooling in legs is also prevented by adopting a squatting
      posture and using a commode seat.

PMID- 13679014
TI  - Are lutein and zeaxanthin conditionally essential nutrients for eye health?
AB  - The carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin are found in the macula in high
      concentrations and may play a role in the pathogenesis of age-related macular
      degeneration (ARMD). Lutein and zeaxanthin may protect the macula and
      photoreceptor outer segments throughout the retina from oxidative stress and play
      a role in an antioxidant cascade that safely disarms the energy of reactive
      oxygen species. Although lutein and zeaxanthin are not essential nutrients,
      studies are beginning to suggest that they fit the criteria for conditionally
      essential nutrients. Low plasma lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations or dietary
      intake are associated with low macular pigment density and increased risk of
      ARMD. Dietary deprivation of lutein and zeaxanthin in primates causes
      pathological changes in the macula. Should controlled clinical trials show lutein
      and/or zeaxanthin supplementation protects against the development or progression
      of ARMD and other eye diseases, then lutein and zeaxanthin could be considered as
      conditionally essential nutrients for humans.

PMID- 13679015
TI  - A predictive equation for drug-induced lupus.
AB  - Objective was to quantify the chemical mechanisms of drug-induced lupus (DIL),
      and to make the data of different authors comparable between them. I have used
      seven assumptions as a starting point, based on empirical evidence; then an
      equation is drawn, describing the relationship between the quantity of the drug
      taken by the patient(s) and the probability of DIL appearance. The DIL-causing
      potential of each chemical group is a measurable intrinsic characteristic of that
      group, and the probability of DIL appearance is directly proportional to the
      total dosage of the drug in question. CONCLUSIONS: DIL is a syndrome that can be
      readily quantified and, as such, could be used as a model for idiopathic Systemic
      Lupus Erythematosus. On the other hand, the equation drawn here could be used to
      predict the lupus-inducing potential of many compounds that have not yet been
      studied. Other authors are encouraged to find similar equations in other drug
      induced syndromes.

PMID- 13679016
TI  - Role of sleep loss in the causation of puerperal psychosis.
AB  - Puerperal psychosis is a rare but serious psychiatric disorder following
      delivery. Although controversy continues to surround its nosological status,
      puerperal psychosis is generally considered a mood episode with psychotic
      features occurring in the context of bipolar disorder or schizoaffective
      disorder. Due to the close temporal association with childbirth, the etiological
      role of gonadal steroids, particularly estrogen, has been considered. Familial
      factors have also been implicated in the triggering of episodes of puerperal
      psychosis. Sleep deprivation arising from an array of diverse factors is a common
      occurrence surrounding parturition. The author suggests that sleep loss plays a
      pivotal role in the causation of puerperal psychosis. Clinical implications of
      this hypothesis are discussed. Studies on the aetiology and pathogenesis of
      puerperal psychosis are urgently needed not only for prevention and better
      treatment strategies of puerperal psychosis but also for understanding the
      biological underpinnings of bipolar disorder.

PMID- 13679017
TI  - Ageing purpose: another thrifty genotype.
AB  - For evolutionary biology, ageing is a non-adaptive process. The 'disposable soma'
      theory proposes that senescence is the consequence of a reduction in the energy
      invested in the processes of cell maintenance and repair due to the fact that it
      is more beneficial to invest it in reproduction. Recently, various genes have
      been identified whose mutations modify the life span of certain animals. Most of
      these genes are related to energy metabolism, especially insulin, IGF-1 and their
      receptors. Furthermore, it has also been demonstrated that there is a
      modification in metabolic pathways during ageing. As a result, the energy-storing
      pathways are strengthened and there is a reduction in the pathways that use
      energy. All these findings suggest that ageing is a strategy designed by natural
      selection to save energy, in accordance with other saving strategies. This way
      the energy that is not used can be dedicated to offspring to improve their pre
      reproductive survival.

PMID- 13679018
TI  - Justification of glioma biology beyond a cellular basis of interpretation.
AB  - Gliomas as neoplasms primarily arising from and constituted by glial cells would
      appear to implicate cell types that inherently reflect variation of aspects of a
      putative reparative process. The prominence of an astrocytic type cell of origin
      would further perhaps constitute a system of malignant transformation based on
      aberrant progression in cell proliferation and of cell pathology related to
      aspects on one hand of a gliosis and on the other of an autonomous process of
      progressiveness. In such terms, perhaps, one might consider the molecular aspects
      of gliomatous pathogenesis as simply a process of integral aberration of various
      aspects of astrocytic or glial cell responsiveness outside the normal confines of
      the normal reparative process and inherently beyond a strict cellular basis of
      interpretation in pathobiologic terms of such processes as anti-apoptosis and
      amplification of growth factor receptivity.

PMID- 13679019
TI  - An update on bronchopulmonary dysplasia: is there a relationship to the
      development of childhood asthma?
AB  - There appears to be some interesting commonalities between asthma and BPD. The
      prevalence of both conditions is on the rise, both conditions tend to cluster in
      families, and they share wheezing phenotypes, i.e., mild-moderate reversible
      airway obstruction and a similar degree of response to pharmacological
      provocation. Furthermore, significant overlap exists with regard to the presence
      of elevated concentrations of airway inflammatory mediators concurrent with
      reduced levels of anti-inflammatory activity, in serum and BAL fluid, as well as
      histological evidence for airway 'remodelling'. Both BPD and asthma are
      characterized by increased smooth muscle contraction, and in asthma, the smooth
      muscle may be involved in the primary development of the asthmatic phenotype.
      Since wheezing is a common finding among children with BPD, an interesting
      question is whether BPD is a phenotypic variant of asthma?

PMID- 13679020
TI  - Facilitation of horizontal transfer of antimicrobial resistance by transformation
      of antibiotic-induced cell-wall-deficient bacteria.
AB  - It is universally accepted that the use of antibiotics will lead to antimicrobial
      resistance. Traditionally, the explanation to this phenomenon was random mutation
      and horizontal gene transfer and amplification by selective pressure.
      Subsequently, a second mechanism of antibiotic-induced antimicrobial resistance
      acquisition was proposed, when Davies et al. discovered that genes encoding
      antimicrobial resistance are present in bacteria that produce antibiotics, and
      during the process of antibiotic purification from these antibiotic-producing
      organisms, remnants of the organisms' DNA that contain antibiotic resistance
      genes are also co-extracted, and can be recovered in antibiotic preparations. In
      addition to selective pressure and antimicrobial resistance genes in antibiotic
      preparations, we hypothesize the third mechanism by which administration of
      antibiotics leads to antimicrobial resistance. beta-Lactams and glycopeptides
      damage bacteria by inhibiting cell wall murein synthesis. During the process,
      cell-wall-deficient forms are generated before the bacteria die. These cell-wall
      deficient forms have an increased ability to uptake DNA by transformation. It has
      been demonstrated that plasmids encoding antimicrobial resistance of
      Staphylococcus aureus can be transformed to Bacillus subtilis after the B.
      subtilis was treated with penicillin or lysostaphin, a chemical that damage the
      cell walls of some Gram-positive bacteria; and that short treatment of
      Escherichia coli with antibiotics disturbing bacterial cell wall synthesis
      rendered the cells capable of absorbing foreign DNA. Since bacteria occupying the
      same ecological niche, such as the lower gastrointestinal tract, is common,
      bacteria are often incubated with foreign DNA encoding resistance coming from the
      administration of antibiotics or other bacteria that undergone lysis unrelated to
      antibiotic-induced killing. As few as a single antibiotic resistant gene is taken
      up by the cell-wall-deficient form, it will develop into a resistant clone,
      despite most of the other bacteria are killed by the antibiotic. If the
      hypothesis is correct, one should reduce the use of antibiotics that perturb
      bacterial cell wall synthesis, such as beta-lactams, which is the largest group
      being manufactured, in both humans and animals, in order to reduce the
      acquisition of antibiotic resistance through this mechanism. In contrast to the
      old theory that antibiotics only provide selective pressures for the development
      of antimicrobial resistance, antibiotics by themselves are able to generate the
      whole chain of events towards the development of antimicrobial resistance.
      Antibiotics provide a source of antimicrobial resistance genes, facilitate the
      horizontal transfer of antimicrobial resistance genes through facilitating
      transformation, and provide selective pressures for amplification of the
      antimicrobial resistance genes. That is perhaps an important reason why
      antimicrobial resistance is so difficult to control. Further experiments should
      be performed to delineate which particular type of beta-lactam antibiotics are
      associated with increase in transformation efficiencies more than the others, so
      that we can select those less resistance generating beta-lactam for routine
      usage.

PMID- 13679021
TI  - Turning an 'Achilles' Heel' into an asset--activation of HIF-1alpha during
      angiostatic therapy will increase tumor sensitivity to iron-catalyzed oxidative
      damage.
AB  - During angiostatic therapy, tumor hypoxia will activate the transcription factor
      hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha), and will select for mutations which
      up-regulate the activity of this factor. This adaptation will increase tumor
      angiogenic capacity, while aiding the survival of poorly nourished cancer cells.
      A further effect of HIF-1alpha is to increase expression of transferrin
      receptors. The natural antimalarial drug artemisinin is selectively toxic to iron
      loaded cells (such as malarial parasites), and it has recently been suggested
      that, inasmuch as many cancers overexpress transferrin receptors, such cancers
      might be treatable with a regimen comprised of iron supplementation and high-dose
      artemisinin. Thus, it can be anticipated that many tumors which evolve relative
      resistance to angiostatic therapy will be selectively susceptible to attack by
      the iron-loading/artemisinin strategy.

PMID- 13679022
TI  - Multispecies comparative analysis of a mammalian-specific genomic domain encoding
      secretory proteins.
AB  - The mammalian-specific casein gene cluster comprises 3 or 4 evolutionarily
      related genes and 1 physically linked gene with a functional association. To gain
      a better understanding of the mechanisms regulating the entire casein cluster at
      the genomic level we initiated a multispecies comparative sequence analysis.
      Despite the high level of divergence at the coding level, these studies have
      identified uncharacterized family members within two species and the presence at
      orthologous positions of previously uncharacterized genes. Also the previous
      suggestion that the histatin/statherin gene family, located in this region, was
      primate specific was ruled out. All 11 genes identified in this region appear to
      encode secretory proteins. Conservation of a number of noncoding regions was
      observed; one coincides with an element previously suggested to be important for
      beta-casein gene expression in human and cow. The conserved regions might have
      biological importance for the regulation of genes in this genomic "neighborhood."

PMID- 13679023
TI  - Variation in the protocadherin gamma A gene cluster.
AB  - We screened for variation in the 12 protocadherin gamma A (PCDHGA) genes of the
      protocadherin cluster on chromosome 5q31. We used denaturing high-performance
      liquid chromatography followed by sequencing to identify changes in the DNA
      sequence. We identified 24 nonsynonymous changes, 24 synonymous SNPs, and 9
      polymorphisms in the 5' flanking regions. The variant with the greatest predicted
      impact on the encoded protein was a frameshift polymorphism in PCDHGA8, caused by
      a deletion of one C base (Pro174fsdelC). The del variant was more common in 512
      controls compared to 506 schizophrenic (SZ) cases (10.6% vs 7.2%, p=0.007) but
      this trend was not replicated in an independent sample of 403 trios, in which it
      was transmitted 47 times and not transmitted 55 times from heterozygous parents
      (p=0.43). We screened 10 of the common polymorphisms for association with
      schizophrenia by genotyping pooled DNA from 540 SZ cases and 540 controls, but
      none of them showed a significant difference. It will be important to identify
      the phenotype associated with the loss of the PCDHGA8 gene.

PMID- 13679024
TI  - The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene family of the pufferfish, Fugu
      rubripes.
AB  - Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) mediate fast cholinergic synaptic
      transmission at nerve-muscle junctions and in the brain. However, the complete
      gene family of nAChRs has not so far been reported for any vertebrate organism.
      We have identified the complete nAChR gene family from the reference genome of
      the pufferfish, Fugu rubripes. It consists of 16 alpha and 12 non-alpha candidate
      subunits, making it the largest vertebrate nAChR gene family known to date. The
      gene family includes an unusual set of muscle-like nAChR subunits comprising two
      alpha1s, two beta1s, one delta, one epsilon, and one gamma. One of the beta1
      subunits possesses an aspartate residue and N-glycosylation sites hitherto shown
      to be necessary for delta-subunit function. Potential Fugu orthologs of neuronal
      nAChR subunits alpha2-4, alpha6, and beta2-4 have been identified. Interestingly,
      the Fugu alpha5 counterpart appears to be a non-alpha subunit. Fugu possesses an
      expanded set of alpha7-9-like subunits and no alpha10 ortholog has been found.
      Two new candidate beta subtypes, designated beta5 and beta6, may represent
      subunits yet to be found in the human genome. The Fugu nAChR gene structures are
      considerably more diverse than those of higher vertebrates, with evidence of
      "intron gain" in many cases. We show, using RT-PCR, that the Fugu nAChR subunits
      are expressed in a variety of tissues.

PMID- 13679025
TI  - High-resolution mapping of the sodium channel modifier Scnm1 on mouse chromosome
      3 and identification of a 1.3-kb recombination hot spot.
AB  - Variation between inbred strains of mice can be used to identify modifier genes
      affecting the susceptibility to inherited disease. The medJ allele of the sodium
      channel Scn8a contains a splice site mutation that results in sodium channel
      deficiency. The severity of the neurological disorder is determined by the
      modifier locus Scnm1. The wild-type allele of the modifier results in correct
      splicing of 10% of Scn8amedJ pre-mRNA and a dystonic phenotype. The susceptible
      allele of the modifier in strain C57BL/6J results in 5% correctly spliced
      transcripts and a lethal phenotype. A mapping cross with C3H using 26 new markers
      and 2304 affected F2 animals localized the modifier gene to a 950-kb interval on
      mouse chromosome 3. Fine mapping of recombination breakpoints revealed a
      recombination hot spot of 1.3 kb. The ratio of genetic to physical distance in
      the hot spot is 85 cM/Mb, two orders of magnitude higher than the mouse genome
      average of 0.5 cM/Mb. The role of the modifier in other disorders in human and
      mouse can be tested with linked markers described here.

PMID- 13679026
TI  - Organization of the mouse Zfhx1b gene encoding the two-handed zinc finger
      repressor Smad-interacting protein-1.
AB  - SIP1, a member of the deltaEF1 family of two-handed zinc finger transcriptional
      repressors, has been identified as a Smad-binding protein. Recently, mutations in
      the human SIP1 gene (ZFHX1B) have been implicated in Hirschsprung disease. Here
      we document extensively the structure and transcriptional pattern of the mouse
      SIP1 gene (Zfhx1b) and compare it to homologues from other species. The overall
      structure of Zfhx1b is highly similar to that of the deltaEF1 gene (Zfhx1a),
      confirming their close evolutionary relationship. In contrast to Zfhx1a, the 5'
      untranslated region of the SIP1-encoding mouse gene is very complex and includes
      several alternative exons. The corresponding 5'-UTR splicing pattern seems to be
      conserved between species and suggests a role in its transcriptional and/or
      translational regulation. The gene also codes for an antisense transcript that is
      highly conserved between human and mouse.

PMID- 13679027
TI  - The Xmrk oncogene can escape nonfunctionalization in a highly unstable
      subtelomeric region of the genome of the fish Xiphophorus.
AB  - The Xmrk oncogene involved in melanoma formation in the fish Xiphophorus was
      formed relatively recently by duplication of the epidermal growth factor co
      orthologue egfrb. In the platyfish X. maculatus, Xmrk is located close to the
      major sex-determining locus in a subtelomeric region of the X and Y sex
      chromosomes that frequently undergoes duplications and other rearrangements. This
      region accumulates repetitive sequences: more than 80% of the 33-kb region 3' of
      Xmrk is constituted by retrotransposable elements. The high degree of nucleotide
      identity between X- and Y-linked sequences and the rarity of gonosome-specific
      rearrangements indicated that the instability observed was not a manifestation of
      gonosome-specific degeneration. Seven other duplicated genes were found, all
      corresponding, in contrast to Xmrk, to pseudogenes (nonfunctionalization).
      Functional persistence of Xmrk in a highly unstable region in divergent
      Xiphophorus species suggests a beneficial function under certain conditions for
      this dispensable and potentially injurious gene.

PMID- 13679029
TI  - Global amplification of sense RNA: a novel method to replicate and archive mRNA
      for gene expression analysis.
AB  - We have developed a procedure to amplify mRNA into sense RNA (sRNA) so as to
      create a regenerating biorepository representing the complex mRNA profile in the
      original sample. The procedure exploits the template-switching activity of
      reverse transcriptase to incorporate RNA polymerase binding sites upstream of
      single-stranded cDNA (ss cDNA). Limited PCR was used for double-stranded DNA
      (dsDNA) synthesis. sRNA was synthesized from PCR products by in vitro
      transcription (IVT). sRNA was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription (RT)
      PCR. sRNA synthesis was successful with RNA from human cell lines and tissues,
      yielding 2000- to 2500-fold amplification of glyceraldeyde-3 phosphate
      dehydrogenase (G3PDH). The size of sRNA ranged from 3.0 to 0.1 kb. sRNA synthesis
      preserved the relative differences in plant mRNAs spiked at abundance ranging
      over 5 orders of magnitude (0.00001-0.1%). This reflects the high fidelity of
      sRNA synthesis for mRNA as low as 0.3 copies/cell. sRNA is amplified synthetic
      mRNA in the 5'-->3' direction; the appropriate template for any gene expression
      analysis.

PMID- 13679030
TI  - STI-571: an anticancer protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitor.
AB  - STI-571 (imatinib, Gleevec, Glivec, CGP 57148) is an inhibitor of the Abl group
      of protein-tyrosine kinases. One of these enzymes, the Bcr-Abl oncoprotein,
      results from the fusion of the BCR and ABL genes that result from the reciprocal
      chromosomal translocation that forms the Philadelphia chromosome. The
      Philadelphia chromosome occurs in 95% of people with chronic myeloid leukemia.
      ABL is the cellular homologue of the oncogene found in murine Abelson leukemia
      virus, and BCR refers to breakpoint cluster region. The Bcr-Abl oncoprotein
      exhibits elevated protein-tyrosine kinase activity, which is strongly implicated
      in the mechanism of development of chronic myeloid leukemia. STI-571 is effective
      in the treatment of the stable phase of chronic myeloid leukemia. The c-Abl
      protein kinase domain exists in an active and inactive conformation. STI-571
      binds only to the inactive state of the enzyme as shown by X-ray crystallography.
      The drug binds to a portion of the ATP-binding site and extends from there into
      adjacent hydrophobic regions. STI-571 is a competitive inhibitor of Abl kinase
      with respect to ATP. Resistance to STI-571 is often the result of mutations in
      residues of the Bcr-Abl kinase that ordinarily bind to the drug. Inhibition of
      target protein kinases represents an emerging therapeutic strategy for the
      treatment of cancer.

PMID- 13679028
TI  - Cloning, characterization, and mRNA expression analysis of novel human fetal
      cochlear cDNAs.
AB  - To identify novel genes that are expressed specifically or preferentially in the
      cochlea, we constructed a cDNA library enriched for human cochlear cDNAs using a
      suppression subtractive hybridization technique. We analyzed 2640 clones by
      sequencing and BLAST similarity searches. One hundred and fifty-five different
      cDNA fragments mapped in nonsyndromic hearing impairment loci for which the
      causative gene has not been cloned yet. Approximately 30% of the clones show no
      similarity to any known human gene or expressed sequence tag (EST). Clones
      mapping in nonsyndromic deafness loci and a selection of clones that represent
      novel ESTs were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT
      PCR) of RNA derived from 12 human fetal tissues. Our data suggest that a quarter
      of the novel genes in our library are preferentially expressed in fetal cochlea.
      These may play a physiologically important role in the hearing process and
      represent candidate genes for hereditary hearing impairment.

PMID- 13679031
TI  - Hmga2 promoter analysis in transgenic mice.
AB  - HMGA2(2) belongs to the high mobility group A (HMGA) family of architectural
      transcription factors which participate in a wide variety of nuclear processes
      ranging from transcription to recombination, playing an important role in
      chromatin remodelling. HMGA2 is expressed during embryogenesis but not by adult
      somatic tissues, yet it becomes re-expressed following neoplastic transformation.
      A role in development is underscored by the finding that the inactivation of the
      Hmga2 gene is responsible for the murine pygmy phenotype. To elucidate mechanisms
      that control HMGA2 expression, we have previously cloned the gene and identified
      functional elements involved in its regulation. In this paper, transgenic mice
      were generated to define genomic regions involved in Hmga2 developmental and
      tissue-specific transcriptional regulation. A genomic region from -8.1 to -3.7kb
      upstream from the initiation site has been found to recapitulate most of the
      spatial and temporal endogenous Hmga2 gene expression.

PMID- 13679032
TI  - A hierarchy of lipid constructs for the sperm plasma membrane.
AB  - We have presented a series of lipid constructs as models of the sperm plasma
      membrane. We also isolated the plasma membrane from rabbit sperm cells and
      characterized the lipid composition. The behavior of these various membrane
      systems was evaluated using a vesicle leakage assay, in which surfactant
      (nonoxynol-9, N-9; or benzalkonium chloride, BZK) exposure induced membrane
      permeabilization. These studies shed light on the relative importance and
      significance of particular components present in the lipid constructs. In
      particular, a highly unsaturated phospholipid component characterized by an ether
      linkage to position 1 of the glycerol backbone (as opposed to the more
      conventional ester linkage) as well as the presence of sulfogalactosyl ceramide
      were found to have an effect on the surfactant-induced leakage response. The
      presence of cholesterol had the greatest influence on membrane behavior. The
      construct series also demonstrated the ability of the surfactants studied to
      discriminate between different membrane systems. We found that N-9 displayed
      little sensitivity to membrane composition while BZK showed specific behavior
      with the various membrane systems.

PMID- 13679033
TI  - Isolation of a Zn-binding protein mediating cell adhesion from common carp.
AB  - Extraordinarily high concentrations of Zn (300-500 microg/[g fresh tissue]) are
      often found in the digestive tract tissue of common carp Cyprinus carpio, and
      most of the Zn is bound to membrane protein located on plasma membranes that are
      attached to basal laminae. To isolate the Zn-binding protein, the basolateral
      plasma membranes were separated from the extracellular matrix by treating the
      nuclei/cell debris fraction of the tissue with collagenase type IV and Arg-Gly
      Asp (RGD) peptide. The Zn-binding protein was isolated from the separated plasma
      membranes by immobilized metal affinity chromatography and affinity
      chromatography on laminin-Sepharose. A 43 kDa protein was bound by the laminin
      Sepharose and specifically eluted with tirofiban (a mimic of RGD). Affinity
      chromatography on wheat germ agglutinin and concanavalin A-Sepharose showed that
      the 43 kDa protein is a glycoprotein. The 43 kDa protein was labelled with 65Zn
      and became incorporated into liposomes at a high efficiency. Liposomes containing
      this protein were bound to laminin-Sepharose or reconstituted basement membrane.
      We propose that the Zn-binding protein is a cell surface receptor involved in the
      adhesion of cells to laminin.

PMID- 13679034
TI  - Single exon structures of the oxytocin/vasopressin superfamily peptides of
      octopus.
AB  - Two genes of the oxytocin/vasopressin superfamily in the cephalopod Octopus
      vulgaris, cephalotocin (CT) and octopressin (OP), lack introns and consist of a
      single exon in their protein-coding regions, which is unlike the 2 intron-3 exon
      structures in most vertebrates and Lys-conopressin in a pond snail Lymnaea
      stagnalis. Octopus may have lost introns during the evolutionary process in
      mollusks. mRNA that had deleted 202 bp from preproCT cDNA (CT-del) was also
      expressed in the brain. The deletion occurred in the central part of neurophysin.
      Immunohistochemical studies suggest that a translational product of CT-del mRNA
      may not be present in a stable form due to the loss of neurophysin. Genomic
      Southern blot analysis revealed that a single copy of each of OP-, CT-, and CT
      del-genes was present in the genome.

PMID- 13679035
TI  - Structural and evolutionary consequences of unpaired cysteines in trypsinogen.
AB  - Vertebrate trypsins usually contain six disulfide bonds but human trypsin 1
      (PRSS1) contains only five and human trypsin 2 (PRSS2) contains only four. To
      elucidate possible evolutionary pathways leading to the loss of disulfide bonds,
      we have constructed mutants lacking one or two cysteines of four disulfide bonds
      (C22-C157, C127-C232, C136-C201, and C191-C220) in rat anionic trypsinogen and
      followed their expression in the periplasm of Escherichia coli. When both
      cysteines of any of the above-mentioned disulfide bonds were replaced by alanines
      we found, as expected, proteolytically active enzymes. In the case of C127-C232
      (missing from both human trypsins) and C191-C220 both single mutants gave active
      enzymes although their yield was significantly reduced. In contrast, only one of
      the single mutants of disulfide bonds C22-C157 and C136-C201 (missing from human
      trypsin 2) was expressed in E. coli. In the case of these disulfide bonds, we
      obtained no expression when the solvent accessible molecular surface of the free
      cysteine residue was the smaller one, indicating that a buried unpaired cysteine
      was more deleterious than one on the surface of the molecule.

PMID- 13679036
TI  - Arachidonic acid activation of translation initiation signaling in vascular
      smooth muscle cells.
AB  - To understand the role of arachidonic acid (AA) in regulating vascular smooth
      muscle cell (VSMC) growth, its effects on phosphorylation of Akt, S6K1, ribosomal
      protein S6, 4EBP1, and eIF4E were studied. Arachidonic acid stimulated
      phosphorylation of Akt, S6K1, ribosomal protein S6, 4EBP1, and eIF4E in a time
      dependent manner in VSMC. Arachidonic acid stimulation of phosphorylation of the
      above signaling molecules is specific, as these events were not affected by other
      unsaturated or saturated fatty acids. Metabolic conversion of AA via the LOX/MOX
      and/or COX pathways, to some extent, was required for its effects on the
      phosphorylation of Akt, S6K1, ribosomal protein S6, 4EBP1, and eIF4E. In
      addition, AA increased PI3K activity in a time-dependent manner in VSMC.
      LY294002, an inhibitor of PI3K, completely blocked AA-induced phosphorylation of
      Akt, S6K1, ribosomal protein S6, 4EBP1, and eIF4E, suggesting a role for PI3K in
      these effects. Consistent with its effects on translation initiation signaling
      events, AA induced global protein synthesis in VSMC and this response was
      dependent, to some extent, on its metabolism via the LOX/MOX and/or COX pathways,
      and mediated by the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Thus, the above observations provide
      the first biochemical evidence for the role of AA in the activation of
      translation initiation signaling in VSMC.

PMID- 13679037
TI  - TGF-beta-induced SOCS3 expression augments TNF-alpha-induced osteoclast
      formation.
AB  - Osteoclast differentiation is dependent on TGF-beta to prime precursors to the
      osteoclast lineage. The mechanism by which TGF-beta enables osteoclast formation
      is unknown. One possibility is that TGF-beta opposes pro-inflammatory JAK/STAT
      signalling. Recently, we showed that TGF-beta-induces SOCS3, an inhibitor of the
      JAK/STAT pathway, in precursors and enhances SOCS3 in RANKL-induced osteoclasts.
      We therefore elected to test the role of SOCS3 in the effect of other regulators
      of osteoclastic differentiation. We found that TNF-alpha-induced osteoclasts also
      express SOCS3 and TGF-beta strongly up-regulates this. Moreover, TNF-alpha
      induced osteoclast differentiation and total resorbed bone area were enhanced in
      SOCS3-retrovirally infected precursors, whereas antisense knockdown of SOCS3
      suppressed formation and the augmentative effect of TGF-beta. Furthermore, SOCS3
      overexpression blunted the anti-osteoclastic effect of IFN-beta but not IL-10.
      This suggests that TGF-beta-induced expression of SOCS3 may represent a crucial
      mechanism by which TGF-beta antagonizes specific anti-osteoclastic JAK/STAT
      signals, priming precursors for resorption rather than inflammatory functions.

PMID- 13679038
TI  - Stat6-protease but not Stat5-protease is inhibited by an elastase inhibitor ONO
      5046.
AB  - A short isoform of Stat6 (65-kDa Stat6), a product of proteolytic processing by
      an undefined protease (Stat6-protease) in the nucleus, downregulates Stat6
      mediated signaling in mast cells. Similarly, Stat5-mediated signaling is
      downregulated by Stat5-protease in myeloid progenitors. These proteases share a
      number of characteristics, including their nuclear localization and
      susceptibility to protease inhibitors. Here, we further investigated these Stat
      proteases. Interestingly, the activity of Stat6-protease but not of Stat5
      protease was inhibited by ONO-5046, an elastase inhibitor that inhibits the
      activity of neutrophil elastase (NE) and NE-related protease proteinase 3 (PR3).
      Although both NE and PR3 were able to cleave Stat6 in vitro, the cleavage sites
      of Stat6 by NE or PR3 differed from that by Stat6-protease in mast cells. In
      addition, both NE and PR3 could also cleave Stat5, but they differed from Stat5
      protease in myeloid progenitors. These results suggest that Stat6-protease may
      belong to the elastase family but differs from NE or PR3.

PMID- 13679039
TI  - Identification of a novel serine/threonine kinase that inhibits TNF-induced NF
      kappaB activation and p53-induced transcription.
AB  - SINK is a p65-interacting protein that inhibits PKAc-induced phosphorylation of
      p65 and NF-kappaB transcriptional competence. We identified a SINK-homologous
      serine/threonine kinase SHIK. SHIK is ubiquitously expressed and is localized in
      the cytoplasm. Overexpression of SHIK inhibits TNF-triggered NF-kappaB activation
      in reporter gene assays. Overexpression of SHIK also inhibits p53-mediated
      transcription in reporter gene assays, while a point mutant (D197-->I) of SHIK
      potentiates p53-mediated transcription. Our findings suggest that SHIK is a
      negative regulator of NF-kappaB- and p53-mediated gene transcription.

PMID- 13679040
TI  - Structure and expression of the murine ADAM 15 gene and its splice variants, and
      difference of interaction between their cytoplasmic domains and Src family
      proteins.
AB  - The murine cell surface antigen ADAM 15 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is
      expressed in a variety of cells including monocytic and T cell lines and consists
      of a metalloprotease domain, a disintegrin domain, a cysteine-rich domain, and an
      epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domain in the extracellular region. The
      cytoplasmic domain comprises 103 amino acids containing proline-rich endophilin
      I, Src homology 3 (SH3), and phox homology domain-containing protein (SH3PX1)
      binding motifs. The ADAM15 gene is composed of 21 exons and 20 introns and spans
      approximately 10 kb. The transcription initiation site of the ADAM15 gene was
      defined by an oligonucleotide-capping method. Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR
      using primers of the cytoplasmic domain of ADAM15 revealed the presence of
      different ADAM15 species designated ADAM15v1 and ADAM15v2, respectively, that had
      characteristic SH3-binding class I and/or class II motifs. The ADAM15v1 and
      ADAM15v2 genes consist of an extra one exon and two exons, respectively, which
      exist in intron 19 of the ADAM15 gene. The expression of ADAM15v1 and ADAM15v2
      mRNA was found in T lymphocyte and monocyte lines. ADAM15v2 protein interacted
      more strongly with the Src family proteins Lck and Src than ADAM15 protein, when
      examined by pull-down and immunoprecipitation followed by immunoblot analysis
      using a T lymphocyte line. Phosphorylation of ADAM15v2 protein markedly enhanced
      the binding with Lck. These results suggest that the cytoplasmic domain of
      ADAM15v2 strongly interacts with Lck and plays an important role in T
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 13679041
TI  - Lack of recognition of Nepsilon-(carboxymethyl)lysine by the mouse liver reticulo
      endothelial system: implications for pathophysiology.
AB  - Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are known to be associated with a number
      of pathological conditions, such as diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer's disease,
      uremia, as well as with normal aging. This study was undertaken to investigate
      whether Nepsilon-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), a major structure among numerous
      AGEs, engenders hepatic AGE clearance. For this purpose uptake of BSA substituted
      with heterogeneous AGEs or with CML only was monitored in vivo and in cultured
      hepatic scavenger cells. Here, we show that following intravenous administration
      of 125I-AGE-BSA and 125I-CML-BSA, blood radioactivity was reduced by 50% after
      50s and >100 min, respectively. Recoveries from the circulation at 6 min after
      injection were: 5% for AGE-BSA, 95% for CML-BSA. More than 80% of the injected
      AGE-BSA was recovered from the liver. AGE-BSA, but not CML-BSA, was avidly
      endocytosed by cultured liver scavenger cells. Our results suggest that CML does
      not engender AGE-BSA clearance. Macromolecules substituted with CML only may
      escape elimination and cause pathological effects.

PMID- 13679042
TI  - Glucose conversion by multiple pathways in brain extract: theoretical and
      experimental analysis.
AB  - Experimental and model studies were performed to characterize the flux of glucose
      metabolism and the sharing of glucose-6-phosphate (Glu6P) by the upper parts of
      glycolytic and pentosephosphate pathways in the brain extract. A mathematical
      model based upon the kinetic equations of the individual enzymes was evaluated to
      fit the experimental data. Glucose is converted to glucose-6-phosphate by
      hexokinase that controls almost exclusively the glucose metabolism. Experiments
      showed that this crossroad-metabolite was shared between glycolysis and
      pentosephosphate pathway in the brain extract in a ratio of 1.5:1. This ratio was
      favorable to the pentosephosphate pathway by the addition of high excess of
      exogenous glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, standardly used for the activity
      assay of hexokinase, but still a significant part (17+/-3%) of the common
      intermediate was converted into the direction of glycolysis. Stimulation of
      glucose-6-phosphate formation via moderate (30-50%) increase of hexokinase
      activity by adding exogenous hexokinase or tubulin resulted in the slight
      increase of the relative flux into direction of glycolysis. The model correctly
      described all of these observations. However, when the activity of hexokinase was
      doubled with exogenous enzyme, significantly less glucose-6-phosphate was
      converted into direction of glycolysis than predicted. This discrepancy shows
      that the system did not behave in this case as an ideal one, which could be due
      to the formation of distinct pools for the intermediate.

PMID- 13679043
TI  - Expression profiles of pancreatic cancer cell lines infected with antisense K-ras
      expressing adenoviral vector.
AB  - The point mutations of the K-ras gene occur in as high as 70-90% of the cases
      with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas and apparently represent one of the key and
      early events in the carcinogenesis. However, the specific influence of the K-ras
      activation on global gene expression profiles in pancreatic cancer cells has not
      been elucidated. In this study, to promote elucidation of the K-ras-triggered
      molecular cascade(s) in pancreatic cancer, four pancreatic cancer cell lines with
      K-ras point mutations were infected with an adenovirus vector expressing an
      antisense K-ras RNA (AxCA-AS), and the change of gene expression was analyzed by
      oligonucleotide-based microarrays containing 12,626 genes. Among the genes
      showing more than 2-fold differences in the expression levels between the control
      and antisense-K-ras-transduced cells, 7 genes were commonly up-regulated and 4
      genes were commonly down-regulated in three or all of the four pancreatic cancer
      cell lines transduced with AxCA-AS. The altered gene expression levels observed
      by microarrays were confirmed by real-time RT-PCR methods. Then, the expression
      of the 4 down-regulated genes was examined in the untransduced surgical specimens
      of pancreatic cancer. The G-protein coupled receptor RE2 and phenylethanolamine N
      methyltransferase had negligible expression levels in all pancreatic cancers,
      whereas the syntaxin 1A and p120 catenin isoform were significantly up-regulated
      in pancreatic cancers containing K-ras mutations compared with a pancreatic
      cancer with wild type K-ras gene. The transcriptional regulation of those genes
      may be a part of the molecular cascades triggered by K-ras activation leading to
      the development and/or progression of pancreatic cancer.

PMID- 13679044
TI  - Cell surface expression and bile acid transport function of one topological form
      of m-epoxide hydrolase.
AB  - The bifunctional hepatic protein, microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEH), plays a
      central role in the metabolism of many xenobiotics as well as mediating the Na(+)
      dependent uptake of bile acids in parallel with the Na(+)-taurocholate co
      transporting protein (ntcp). Previous studies have established that mEH is
      expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum with two topological orientations, where
      the type II form is targeted to the plasma membrane. In this report the topology
      and transport properties of mEH as a function of plasma membrane expression in
      cultured hepatocytes, transfected Madin-Darby canine kidney cells expressing mEH
      (MDCK[mEH]), and the human hepatoma cell line, HepG2, were studied using confocal
      fluorescence microscopy and substrate uptake measurements. Analysis of mEH
      localization with an anti-mEH monoclonal antibody demonstrated the expression of
      one topological form on the plasma membrane of hepatocytes and MDCK[mEH] cells
      where both systems exhibited Na(+)-dependent bile acid uptake. In contrast, Na(+)
      dependent bile acid transport in HepG2 cells and hepatocytes in culture (72 h)
      was substantially reduced as was the expression of ntcp. Although the total mEH
      level was undiminished, the decrease of bile acid transport was associated with
      the loss of mEH surface expression possibly resulting from an alteration in mEH
      endoplasmic reticulum topology and/or the plasma membrane protein targeting
      system in these de-differentiated cells.

PMID- 13679045
TI  - A minimal model of non-hyperbolic enzyme and receptor kinetics.
AB  - A simplified version of P.W. Kuhl's Recovery Model [Biochem. J. 298 (1994) 171
      180] has been developed in which the duration of the recovery phase of receptor
      or enzyme (macro)molecule was assumed to be a random value distributed
      exponentially like other model parameters. The model has been shown to retain all
      the properties of the original Recovery Model except for its ability to yield
      asymmetric dose-response curves (if plotted in semi-logarithmic scale). Due to
      its simplicity, the present model is applicable for routine fitting to
      experimental data. In enzyme kinetics, the model yields a diversity of non
      hyperbolic dose-response curves both with higher and lower steepness than that of
      Henri-type ones. In receptor kinetics, the diversity of dose-response curves is
      further increased due to virtually no restraints being imposed on the efficacies
      of any state of the macromolecule.

PMID- 13679046
TI  - Gene organization of human transporter associated with antigen processing-like
      (TAPL, ABCB9): analysis of alternative splicing variants and promoter activity.
AB  - The gene organization of human TAPL (TAP-like, ABCB9) was determined. The TAPL
      gene consists of 12 exons including the first non-coding exon on human chromosome
      12q23.34. Three alternative splicing variants of the 12th exon have been
      identified by 3(')RACE using RNA from human cell lines and isolated lymphocytes.
      As expected from the similarity of the amino acid sequences of TAP1, TAP2, and
      TAPL, the intron insertion points in these three genes are essentially the same.
      However, the TAP2 and TAPL genes are closely related, since each has common non
      coding exon and splicing isoforms. The novel splicing variants of TAPL termed 12B
      and 12C have shorter carboxyl terminal amino acid sequences than 12A, reportedly
      a conserved isoform in rodents and human. The proximal promoter region of the
      TAPL gene lacks a canonical TATA-box but contains several GC-box elements. The
      60bp upstream sequence containing two GC-boxes from the human TAPL
      transcriptional start site confers basal promoter activity.

PMID- 13679047
TI  - Interaction of synapsin I with membranes.
AB  - The synapsins (I, II, and III) comprise a family of peripheral membrane proteins
      that are involved in both regulation of neurotransmitter release and
      synaptogenesis. Synapsins are concentrated at presynaptic nerve terminals and are
      associated with the cytoplasmic surface of synaptic vesicles. Membrane-binding of
      synapsins involves interaction with both protein and lipid components of synaptic
      vesicles. Synapsin I binds rapidly and with high affinity to liposomes containing
      anionic lipids. The binding of bovine synapsin I to liposomes was studied using
      fluoresceinphosphatidyl-ethanolamine (FPE) to measure membrane electrostatic
      potential. Synapsin binding to liposomes caused a rapid increase in FPE
      fluorescence, indicating an increase in positive charge at the membrane surface.
      Synapsin I binding to monolayers resulted in a substantial increase in monolayer
      surface pressure. At higher initial surface pressures, the synapsin-induced
      increase in monolayer surface pressure is dependent on the presence of anionic
      lipids in the monolayer. Synapsin I also induced rapid aggregation of liposomes,
      but did not induce leakage of entrapped carboxyfluorescein, while other
      aggregation-inducing agents promoted extensive leakage. These results are in
      agreement with the presence of amphipathic stretches of amino acids in synapsin I
      that exhibit both electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions with membranes, and
      offer a molecular explanation for the high affinity binding of synapsin I to
      liposomes and for stabilization of membranes by synapsin I.

PMID- 13679048
TI  - APC 3 x 15 beta-catenin-binding domain potentiates beta-catenin association to
      TBP and upregulates TCF-4 transcriptional activity.
AB  - Beta-catenin plays a dual role as a regulatory component of adherens junctions
      and as a transcriptional cofactor. The nuclear activity of this protein is
      controlled by adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) protein. We have analyzed the
      effect on beta-catenin-dependent transcription of a beta-catenin binding domain
      present in APC, consisting in three 15-amino acid repeats (APC 3 x 15).
      Association of this fragment prevents the interaction of beta-catenin with E
      cadherin but not with TCF-4. Transfection of this fragment to several cell lines
      increases the transcriptional activity of the beta-catenin-TCF-4 complex and
      promotes the translocation of beta-catenin to the nucleus. Moreover, previous
      binding of APC 3 x 15 facilitates the association of beta-catenin to the TATA box
      associated protein. Therefore, APC 3 x 15 domain plays a positive role in the
      control of transcriptional activity of beta-catenin-TCF-4 and can contribute to
      explain the role of the truncated forms of APC in colon tumorigenesis.

PMID- 13679049
TI  - RGS8 expression in developing cerebellar Purkinje cells.
AB  - The regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins modulate heterotrimeric G
      protein signaling. RGS8 belongs to B/R4 subfamily of RGS proteins and is
      specifically expressed in Purkinje cells of adult cerebellum. Here, to examine
      the expression of RGS8 mRNA in developing cerebellum, we performed in situ
      hybridization. Apparent signals for expression of RGS8 mRNA were first detected
      on day 9 after birth, then RGS8 mRNA expression in Purkinje cells increased up to
      day 21, and its levels decreased to some extent in adult Purkinje cells. We also
      studied the expression of RGS7, which is expressed in Golgi cells in the granule
      cell layer of adult cerebellum. The expression of RGS7 mRNA was recognized in 7
      day neonatal cerebellum. When examined with anti-RGS8 antibody, the RGS8 protein
      was already excluded from nucleus on day 9, and was distributed in cell body and
      dendrites in differentiating Purkinje cells of 14 day neonates.

PMID- 13679050
TI  - Effects of prolonged delivery of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on the fate of
      neural stem cells transplanted into the developing rat retina.
AB  - One of the major roles of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is to promote
      the differentiation and support the survival of neurons in the central nervous
      system. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of BDNF on
      the fate of adult rat hippocampus-derived neural stem cells (AHPCs) transplanted
      into the developing rat retina. Immunohistochemical analysis showed a significant
      increase in the ratio of grafted AHPCs stained for MAP2ab (P<0.05) and a marked
      decrease in the ratio of nestin-positive grafted cells in the slow-releasing BDNF
      group compared with the control group. The respective changes in the ratios of
      MAP5 and GFAP-positive grafted cells were comparable for the two groups. The
      results reported here suggest a potentially beneficial role for extended delivery
      of BDNF in the differentiation of grafted neural stem cells, which may lead to a
      novel modification of stem cell transplantation.

PMID- 13679051
TI  - Effects of deficiencies of STAMs and Hrs, mammalian class E Vps proteins, on
      receptor downregulation.
AB  - The STAM family proteins, STAM1 and STAM2/EAST/Hbp, are phosphotyrosine proteins
      that contain SH3 domains and ubiquitin-interacting motifs. Their yeast homologue,
      Hse1, and its binding protein, Vps27, are involved in the vacuolar membrane
      transport machinery. Here we show that STAM1 and STAM2 are localized to the
      endosomal membrane. Some of these complexes contain Eps15, an endocytic protein,
      which accumulates in clumps upon expression of a dominant-negative form of Vps4
      A, an AAA-type ATPase, that is required for normal endosome function. These
      results support the idea that the STAMs are mammalian vacuolar protein sorting
      (Vps) proteins. We also demonstrate that ligand-mediated epidermal growth factor
      receptor (EGFR) degradation is partially but not completely impaired in both Hrs(
      /-) and STAM1(-/-)STAM2(-/-) mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Furthermore, endosome
      swelling is seen in both Hrs(-/-) and STAM1(-/-)STAM2(-/-) cells. These results
      suggest that the STAMs and Hrs play important roles in the mammalian
      endosomal/vacuolar protein sorting pathway.

PMID- 13679052
TI  - Interleukin 6 and hepatocyte regeneration in acetaminophen toxicity in the mouse.
AB  - To determine the importance of IL-6 in acetaminophen (APAP) toxicity, wild type
      (WT) and IL-6 knock out (KO) mice were dosed with APAP (300 mg/kg i.p.) and
      sacrificed at 4 and 24h. No differences were found between the two groups by
      analysis of serum AST levels or histopathology. Also, the relative amounts of
      APAP protein binding and nitrotyrosine formation were equal. Subsequently, WT and
      KO mice were dosed with APAP (300 mg/kg i.p.) and sacrificed at 24, 48, and 72 h.
      AST normalized by 48 h in the WT mice, but not until 72 h in the KO mice. The
      severity of the histopathological alterations was comparable in the two groups of
      mice; however, fewer regenerating hepatocytes were present in the KO mice.
      Immunohistochemistry for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) showed reduced
      staining in the KO mice. Pretreatment of KO mice with IL-6 lowered AST and
      normalized PCNA staining in the IL-6 KO mice. These data suggest that IL-6 is
      important in hepatocyte regeneration following APAP toxicity in the mouse.

PMID- 13679053
TI  - Mass-production of human ACAT-1 and ACAT-2 to screen isoform-specific inhibitor:
      a different substrate specificity and inhibitory regulation.
AB  - Recently, acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase was found to be present as two
      isoforms, ACAT-1 and ACAT-2, in mammalian tissues with different metabolic
      functions and tissue-specific locations. In this study, the isoforms were mass
      produced individually from insect cells to establish a more sensitive and
      reliable screening method for specific inhibitors against each isoform. The
      expressed hACAT-1 and hACAT-2 appeared as a 50 kDa- and a 46 kDa-band on SDS
      PAGE, respectively, from Hi5 cells and they preferred to exist in oligomeric
      form, from dimer to tetramer, during the purification process. They also
      exhibited an approximate 3.4 to 3.7-fold increase in activities when compared to
      rat liver microsomal fractions at the same protein concentration. Known ACAT
      inhibitors, pyripyropene A, oleic acid anilide, and diethyl pyrocarbonate, were
      tested to evaluate the inhibitory specificity and sensitivity of the expressed
      enzymes. Interestingly, pyripyropene A inhibited only the hACAT-2 fraction with
      IC(50)=0.64 microM but not the hACAT-1 fraction; whereas the fatty acid anilide
      did not show a significant difference in inhibitory activity with either hACAT-1
      or hACAT-2. Furthermore, cholesterol was more rapidly utilized by hACAT-1, but
      hACAT-2 esterified other cholic acid derivatives more efficiently. These results
      suggest that the specificity of each substrate and inhibitor was highly
      different, depending on each isoform from the viewpoint of the regulatory site
      and the substrate binding site location.

PMID- 13679054
TI  - Correct identification of the chloroplastic protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase N
      terminus places the biochemical data in frame.
AB  - Maize (Zea mays) protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPO: EC 1.3.3.4) possesses a
      chloroplast transit peptide (CTP) that delivers the enzyme into the chloroplast.
      The cleavage site yielding the mature protein was predicted by using the ChloroP
      software and by comparing conserved regions of the available plant PPO sequences.
      In parallel, the processed NH(2)-terminus of native PPO was identified
      experimentally by microsequencing the immunoprecipitated plant PPO from maize
      etioplasts. The cleavage sites identified using the bioinformatic approaches did
      not match the experimental result. The three sequences have been cloned and
      expressed in bacteria and their kinetics were compared in order to understand if
      the generated proteins had biochemically relevant differences. Recombinant PPO
      corresponding to the native PPO accumulated at higher level and was more active
      than the two homologues. A cysteine present in the CTP seems to be able to modify
      the redox state of the enzyme and to be responsible for the alteration of the
      kinetic features. In contrast, the sensitivity to different herbicides was
      unaffected by modifications at the NH(2)-terminus, suggesting that the mode of
      action is non-competitive and that the NH(2)-terminus is involved in the
      recognition of the natural substrate.

PMID- 13679055
TI  - Indolicidin, a 13-residue basic antimicrobial peptide rich in tryptophan and
      proline, interacts with Ca(2+)-calmodulin.
AB  - Indolicidin, ILPWKWPWWPWRR-NH(2), a short 13-residue antimicrobial and cytolytic
      peptide characterized from bovine neutrophils, has the calmodulin-recognition 1-5
      10 hydrophobic pattern (indicated by amino acids in bold), is cationic, and
      thereby fulfills the requirements to interact with calmodulin. Hence, we have
      investigated the calmodulin-binding properties of indolicidin. Indolicidin
      interacted with calmodulin with fairly high affinity in a Ca(2+)-dependent
      manner. However, when bound, the peptide did not adopt helical conformation.
      Indolicidin also inhibited calmodulin-stimulated phosphodiesterase activity with
      IC(50) values in the nanomolar range. Replacement of either the proline residues
      of indolicidin with alanines or tryptophan residues with phenylalanines did not
      affect binding to calmodulin. However, these replacements had distinctive effects
      on the conformations of the bound peptides. While the alanine analog of
      indolicidin adopted predominantly alpha-helical conformation, the phenylalanine
      analog remained largely unordered. Differences in the ability of these analogs to
      inhibit the calmodulin-stimulated phosphodiesterase activity were observed. While
      the alanine analog was capable of inhibiting the activity with IC(50) values
      comparable to that of indolicidin, the phenylalanine analog did not inhibit the
      activity. Our results indicate that ability to adopt amphiphilic alpha-helical
      structure is not a prerequisite for binding to calmodulin and also binding does
      not necessarily result in inhibition of calmodulin-stimulated enzyme activities.

PMID- 13679056
TI  - Metabolism of 20-epimer of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 by CYP24: species-based
      difference between humans and rats.
AB  - The 20-epi form of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1alpha,25(OH)(2)-20-epi-D(3))
      is expected as drugs for leukemia, other cancers or psoriasis, because it shows
      several-hundred fold enhanced ability to induce cell differentiation and growth
      inhibition than 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) while its calcemic activity is
      only slightly elevated. In this study, we compared the human and rat CYP24
      dependent metabolism of 1alpha,25(OH)(2)-20-epi-D(3) by using the Escherichia
      coli expression system. The HPLC and LC-MS analyses of the metabolites revealed
      that rat CYP24 converted 1alpha,25(OH)(2)-20-epi-D(3) to 25,26,27-trinor
      1alpha(OH)-24(COOH)-20-epi-D(3) through 1alpha,24,25(OH)(3)-20-epi-D(3) and
      1alpha,25(OH)(2)-24-oxo-20-epi-D(3). The binding affinity of trinor-1alpha(OH)
      24(COOH)-20-epi-D(3) for vitamin D receptor (VDR) was less than 1/4000 of that of
      1alpha,25(OH)(2)-20-epi-D(3). These results suggest that rat CYP24 can almost
      completely inactivate 1alpha,25(OH)(2)-20-epi-D(3). On the other hand, human
      CYP24 mainly converted 1alpha,25(OH)(2)-20-epi-D(3) to its putative demethylated
      compound with a hydroxyl group, via 1alpha,24,25(OH)(3)-20-epi-D(3),
      1alpha,25(OH)(2)-24-oxo-20-epi-D(3), and 1alpha,23,25(OH)(3)-24-oxo-20-epi-D(3).
      All of these metabolites showed considerable affinity for vitamin D receptor.
      These results clearly demonstrate the species-based difference between human and
      rat on the CYP24-dependent metabolism of 1alpha,25(OH)(2)-20-epi-D(3).

PMID- 13679057
TI  - Biphasic action of midazolam on GABAA receptor-mediated responses in rat sacral
      dorsal commissural neurons.
AB  - The effect of the benzodiazepine agonist midazolam on gamma-aminobutyric acid(A)
      (GABA(A)) receptor-mediated currents was investigated in neurons acutely
      dissociated from the rat sacral dorsal commissural nucleus (SDCN) using the
      nystatin-perforated patch-recording configuration under voltage-clamp conditions.
      Midazolam displayed a biphasic effect on GABA responses. Low concentrations of
      midazolam (1nM-10 microM) reversibly potentiated GABA (3 microM)-activated Cl(-)
      currents (I(GABA)) in a bell-shaped manner, with the maximal facilitary effect at
      0.1 microM; whereas at higher concentrations (above 10 microM), midazolam had an
      antagonistic effect on I(GABA). Our further study indicated that midazolam
      changed GABA(A) receptor affinity to GABA and the effects of midazolam on I(GABA)
      were voltage-independent. The benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, flumazenil,
      abolished the facilitary effect of low concentrations of midazolam rather than
      the antagonism of I(GABA) induced by high doses of midazolam. In addition,
      activation of protein kinase C prevented the inhibitory effect of midazolam at
      higher concentrations, but did not influence the effect of midazolam at low
      concentrations. These results indicate that midazolam interacts with another
      distinct site other than the central benzodiazepine receptors on GABA(A)
      receptors as an antagonist at higher concentrations in SDCN neurons.

PMID- 13679058
TI  - Oxidative modulation of NF-kappaB signaling by oxidized low-density lipoprotein.
AB  - Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) modifies macrophage inflammatory
      responses in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In the present study, we
      focused on gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (gamma-GCS), a rate limiting enzyme
      of glutathione synthesis, and examined whether inflammatory stimulation of gamma
      GCS gene in macrophages by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is modified when the cells
      were exposed to oxLDL. We found that the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB)
      mediated induction of gamma-GCS by LPS (100 ng/ml) was suppressed by a 48-h pre
      treatment with oxLDL (50 micro/ml), and this was due to a decrease in the DNA
      binding activity of NF-kappaB. Furthermore, pre-treatment with oxLDL caused a
      carbonylation of NF-kappaB subunit p65. With alpha-tocopherol, the oxLDL-induced
      carbonylation of proteins decreased with a restoration of DNA-binding activity of
      NF-kappaB. Together, these indicate that oxidative modification of NF-kappaB
      suppresses LPS-induced expression of gamma-GCS gene in ox-LDL-treated cells,
      suggesting an implication of oxLDL-induced modulation of NF-kappaB signaling with
      atherosclerosis.

PMID- 13679059
TI  - Characterization of novel splicing variants of the mouse MCF-2 (DBL) proto
      oncogene.
AB  - MCF-2 (DBL) proto-oncogene is a prototype guanine nucleotide exchange factor
      (GEF) that modulates Rho GTPases such as Rho, Rac, and Cdc42. Although the
      partial sequence of mouse MCF-2 has been determined, its full-length cDNA and
      biochemical functions had not been elucidated. We isolated the complete mouse MCF
      2 cDNA and obtained recombinant functional protein. Homology between the mouse
      and human MCF-2 (DBL) cDNAs is 75.08% identity and between the mouse and human
      amino acid sequences 74.52% identity. Analysis of tissue distribution showed that
      mouse MCF-2 mRNA is expressed in brain, kidney, intestine, and testis. The brain
      specific transcript is an alternatively spliced derivative that omits the 48bp
      exon 11. A similar alternatively spliced mRNA product is also found in humans
      (DBL). Guanine nucleotide exchange activities of the testis-expressed mouse Mcf-2
      and human Dbl were analyzed using RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 as substrates. RhoA and
      Cdc42 were activated similarly by both gene products, but Rac1 was activated only
      by the mouse product. The brain-specific Mcf-2 gene product, and its human
      counterpart, was less active than the respective testis-specific products. This
      indicates that the element encoded by the 48bp exon missing in the brain
      transcripts is necessary for full GEF activity. This report provides fundamental
      data on the structure of Mcf-2, which regulates a variety of cellular signaling
      pathways.

PMID- 13679060
TI  - Effect of cysteamine on redox-sensitive thiol-containing proteins in the duodenal
      mucosa.
AB  - Recent studies from our laboratory demonstrated that Egr-1 is upregulated in the
      rat duodenal mucosa during cysteamine-induced duodenal ulceration and that
      antisense egr-1 oligonucleotide aggravates the duodenal ulcers. This study was
      aimed to determine the effects of cysteamine on redox-sensitive Egr-1
      transcriptional activity and on other thiol-containing proteins such as redox
      factor-1 (Ref-1) and thioredoxin (Trx). Here we demonstrate for the first time
      that cysteamine increases the expression and nuclear translocation of Egr-1, Ref
      1, and Trx, and activates binding of Egr-1 to DNA. Moreover, we also show that
      Egr-1 forms a complex with other redox-sensitive transcription factors (e.g., AP
      1, AP-2, NFATc, Sp1, PAX-5, MTF-1, c-Myb, and CREB) in rat duodenal mucosa and
      that cysteamine enhances the formation of these complexes. The antioxidant
      ebselen markedly elevated the nuclear Ref-1 expression and Egr-1/DNA binding, and
      decreased the ulcerogenic effect of cysteamine as did catalase. Thus, redox
      sensitive signaling systems seem to play an important role in cysteamine-induced
      duodenal ulceration.

PMID- 13679061
TI  - Structural basis for inhibition of human PNP by immucillin-H.
AB  - Purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) catalyzes the phosphorolysis of the N
      ribosidic bonds of purine nucleosides and deoxynucleosides. PNP is a target for
      inhibitor development aiming at T-cell immune response modulation. This work
      reports on the crystallographic study of the complex of human PNP-immucillin-H
      (HsPNP-ImmH) solved at 2.6A resolution using synchrotron radiation. Immucillin-H
      (ImmH) inhibits the growth of malignant T-cell lines in the presence of
      deoxyguanosine without affecting non-T-cell tumor lines. ImmH inhibits activated
      normal human T cells after antigenic stimulation in vitro. These biological
      effects of ImmH suggest that this agent may have utility in the treatment of
      certain human diseases characterized by abnormal T-cell growth or activation.
      This is the first structural report of human PNP complexed with immucillin-H. The
      comparison of the complex HsPNP-ImmH with recent crystallographic structures of
      human PNP explains the high specificity of immucillin-H for human PNP.

PMID- 13679062
TI  - Docking and small angle X-ray scattering studies of purine nucleoside
      phosphorylase.
AB  - Docking simulations have been used to assess protein complexes with some success.
      Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is a well-established technique to
      investigate protein spatial configuration. This work describes the integration of
      geometric docking with SAXS to investigate the quaternary structure of
      recombinant human purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP). This enzyme catalyzes
      the reversible phosphorolysis of N-ribosidic bonds of purine nucleosides and
      deoxynucleosides. A genetic deficiency due to mutations in the gene encoding for
      PNP causes gradual decrease in T-cell immunity. Inappropriate activation of T
      cells has been implicated in several clinically relevant human conditions such as
      transplant rejection, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and T-cell lymphomas. PNP is
      therefore a target for inhibitor development aiming at T-cell immune response
      modulation and has been submitted to extensive structure-based drug design. The
      present analysis confirms the trimeric structure observed in the crystal. The
      potential application of the present procedure to other systems is discussed.

PMID- 13679063
TI  - Hydrodynamics-based transfer of PCR-amplified DNA fragments into rat liver.
AB  - A high level of plasmid DNA expression in rat liver can be achieved by the rapid
      injection of a large volume of a naked DNA solution into the tail vein, called
      the 'hydrodynamics-based procedure.' The preparation of PCR-amplified DNA
      fragments is easier than that of naked DNA. In this paper we evaluated the
      effects of expressing the erythropoietin (Epo) gene in the rat liver by injecting
      fCAGGS-Epo, an Epo-expressing PCR-amplified DNA fragment, via the tail vein.
      After injection of 5 pmol fCAGGS-Epo (10 microg) or pCAGGS-Epo (18.4 microg),
      plasmid DNA, the serum Epo levels peaked at week 1, then persisted for at least
      12 weeks. Transgene-derived Epo secretion resulted in significant erythropoiesis.
      These results demonstrated that transfer of PCR-amplified DNA fragments into the
      rat liver via rapid tail vein injection can be achieved. This method may provide
      a useful means for studying the physiologic function of a putative gene.

PMID- 13679064
TI  - Functional androgen receptor confers sensitization of androgen-independent
      prostate cancer cells to anticancer therapy via caspase activation.
AB  - Therapeutic resistance remains an unresolved problem in the clinical management
      of human prostate cancer (PC). Despite initial positive response to androgen
      ablation therapy (AAT), virtually all PC patients will relapse due to acquisition
      of hormone refractory disease and selective outgrowth of tumor cells with
      multidrug resistance phenotype. We here provide the first experimental evidence
      that restoring a functional androgen receptor (AR) in the androgen-independent
      prostate cancer PC3 cells enhances their sensitivity to growth arrest and
      suppresses their colony-forming ability in response to paclitaxel and gamma
      irradiation. Furthermore, functional AR increases the susceptibility of these
      cells to the apoptotic potentials of therapeutic agents, as evidenced by an
      increase in caspase activity, annexin V binding, and internucleosomal DNA
      fragmentation, by inducing caspase activation. The abrogation of the cytotoxic
      effects by 4-hydroxyflutamide suggests a crucial role for AR activation in
      enhancing the therapeutic sensitivity of these cells in a ligand-independent
      fashion. Our data thus demonstrate that a functional AR is a prerequisite for
      effective therapeutic response and that aberrant expression or blockade by AAT
      may trigger pathways leading to emergence of PC cells with therapeutic resistance
      phenotype. Since the mainstay of primary therapy for PC has been AAT by pharmaco
      therapeutic or surgical means, this study thus provides a new frontier for
      revising the AAT therapeutic strategy in conjunction with radiation and/or
      chemotherapeutic agents.

PMID- 13679065
TI  - Single chain Fv antibody against angiopoietin-2 inhibits VEGF-induced endothelial
      cell proliferation and migration in vitro.
AB  - Angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) promotes tumor growth and metastasis by specifically
      priming endothelial cells for angiogenesis. Multiple angiogenic factors up
      regulate expression of Ang2, suggesting that Ang2 may be the common pathway in
      growth factor initiated-angiogenesis. Using phage display technology, we
      generated single chain Fv molecule against human Ang2 (scFv-Ang2) with high
      affinity (K(d)=0.01 microM) from a mouse phage antibody library. Compared with
      control scFv, the mouse scFv-Ang2 completely inhibited the proliferation of human
      umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with vascular endothelial
      growth factor (VEGF, 10 ng/ml), but not that of the cells treated with either
      basic fibroblast growth factor, or angiotensin II, or Ang2. Chemotaxis assay
      showed that scFv-Ang2 could block completely Ang2-induced (100%) and partially
      VEGF-induced (49%) migration of HUVECs. The results indicate that Ang2 takes part
      in the VEGF-induced angiogenesis and scFv-Ang2 might be a promising compound in
      blocking both VEGF and Ang2 induced angiogenesis.

PMID- 13679066
TI  - Protein kinase C mediates induced secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor
      by human glioma cells.
AB  - To understand how vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production is
      activated in malignant glioma cells, we employed protein tyrosine kinase (PTK)
      and protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors to evaluate the extent to which these
      protein kinases were involved in signal transduction leading to VEGF production.
      PTK inhibitors blocked glioma proliferation and epidermal growth factor (EGF)
      induced VEGF secretion, while H-7, a PKC inhibitor, inhibited both EGF-induced
      and baseline VEGF secretion. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a non
      specific activator of PKC, induced VEGF secretion by glioma cells, which was
      enhanced by calcium ionophore A23187, but completely blocked after prolonged
      treatment of cells with 1 microM PMA, by presumably depleting PKC. All inhibitors
      (genistein, AG18, AG213, H-7, prolonged PMA treatment) which inhibited EGF
      induced VEGF secretion in glioma cells also inhibited cell proliferation at
      similar concentrations. However, PKC inhibition only blocked 50% of the VEGF
      secretion induced by growth factors (EGF, platelet-derived growth factor-BB, or
      basic fibroblast growth factor). This reserve capacity could be ascribed to a PKC
      independent effect, or to PKC isoenzymes not down-regulated by PMA. These
      findings extend our previous assertion that VEGF secretion is tightly coupled
      with proliferation by suggesting that activation of convergent growth factor
      signaling pathways will lead to increased glioma VEGF secretion. Understanding of
      signal transduction of growth factor-induced VEGF secretion should provide a
      rational basis for the development of novel strategies for therapy.

PMID- 13679067
TI  - Reactive oxygen species mediate TGF-beta1-induced plasminogen activator inhibitor
      1 upregulation in mesangial cells.
AB  - Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) promotes tissue fibrosis by
      upregulating genes encoding extracellular matrix proteins and by increasing the
      synthesis of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). TGF-beta1 induces
      cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and PAI-1 promoter region has binding
      sites for redox sensitive transcription factors. We, therefore, hypothesized that
      TGF-beta1-induced upregulation of PAI-1 is ROS-dependent. Using cultured
      glomerular mesangial cells, we confirmed that TGF-beta1 induces cellular ROS,
      upregulates PAI-1 mRNA and protein expression, and suppresses plasmin activity.
      We further demonstrated that H(2)O(2) stimulates PAI-1 expression and suppresses
      plasmin activity and that N-acetylcysteine effectively reverses TGF-beta1- and
      H(2)O(2)-induced changes in PAI-1 expression and plasmin activity. Basal as well
      as TGF-beta1- and H(2)O(2)-induced PAI-1 expression was upregulated by depletion
      of intracellular GSH. The present data demonstrate that TGF-beta1-induced PAI-1
      in mesangial cells is ROS-dependent and imply that cellular ROS may be potential
      therapeutic targets in glomerular fibrosis.

PMID- 13679068
TI  - Red pigment-concentrating hormone is not limited to crustaceans.
AB  - A peptide that was previously assumed to occur exclusively in crustaceans is
      found in the corpora cardiaca of the stinkbug, Nezara viridula. The sequence of
      the peptide was deduced from the multiple MS(N) electrospray mass data as that of
      an octapeptide: pGlu-Ile/Leu-Asn-Phe-Ser-Pro-Gly-Trp amide. This peptide with Leu
      at position 2 is known as crustacean red pigment-concentrating hormone and code
      named Panbo-RPCH. The ambiguity about the amino acid at position 2, Leu or Ile,
      was solved by isolating the peptide in a single-step by reversed-phase HPLC and
      establishing co-elution with authentic Panbo-RPCH but not with the Ile(2)-analog.
      When injected into stinkbugs, synthetic Panbo-RPCH elicited an increase of lipids
      in the haemolymph. Thus, it is assumed that Panbo-RPCH functions in the stinkbug
      as a lipid-mobilizing hormone.

PMID- 13679069
TI  - Stage-specific profiling of Plasmodium falciparum proteases using an internally
      quenched multispecificity protease substrate.
AB  - Novel internally quenched fluorescence peptide substrates containing sequence
      specific sites for cleavage by multiple proteases were designed and synthesized.
      The 28 and 29 residue peptides contain an N-terminal fluorescence acceptor group,
      4-(4-dimethylaminophenylazo)benzoic acid (DABCYL), and a C-terminal fluorescence
      donor group, 5-(2-aminoethylamino)naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid (EDANS). Efficient
      energy transfer between the donor and acceptor groups flanking the peptide
      sequence was achieved by incorporation of a central DPro-Gly segment, which
      serves as a conformation nucleating site, inducing hairpin formation. This
      multispecificity protease substrate was used to profile the proteolytic
      activities in the malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum in a stage dependent
      manner using a combination of fluorescence and MALDI mass spectrometry. Cysteine
      protease activity was shown to be dominating at neutral pH, whereas aspartic
      protease activity contributed predominantly to the proteolytic repertoire at
      acidic pH. Maximum proteolysis was observed at the trophozoite stage followed by
      the schizonts and the rings.

PMID- 13679071
TI  - Isoform composition of antithrombin in a covalent antithrombin-heparin complex.
AB  - Antithrombin (AT) circulates in two isoforms, alpha- (90-95%) and beta-AT (5
      10%). AT inhibits clotting factors such as thrombin and factor Xa, a reaction
      catalyzed by heparin. Heparin has been used in many clinical situations but
      suffers from limitations such as a short intravenous half-life, bleeding risk,
      and the inability to inhibit thrombin bound to fibrin clots. In order to overcome
      some of heparin's limitations, we prepared a covalent AT-heparin complex (ATH)
      that has increased intravenous half-life, reduced bleeding risk, and can directly
      inhibit clot-bound thrombin. However, structural analysis is required to further
      develop this promising antithrombotic agent. It was found that the proportion of
      isoforms in ATH (55% alpha-AT, and 45% beta-AT) was significantly different than
      that in the commercial AT starting material (80% alpha-AT and 20% beta-AT).
      Further analysis of the rate of heparin-catalyzed inhibition of thrombin by AT
      isoforms prepared from ATH revealed that the beta-variant reacted approximately 2
      fold faster.

PMID- 13679070
TI  - Casper/c-FLIP is physically and functionally associated with NF-kappaB1 p105.
AB  - Casper/c-FLIP is a caspase-8-related molecule critically involved in regulation
      of death receptor-induced apoptosis. It has been shown that Casper can either
      promote or antagonize apoptosis and can activate the transcription factor NF
      kappaB. The exact functions of Casper are controversial. To further understand
      how Casper signals, we searched Casper-interacting proteins by yeast two-hybrid
      screening. This effort identified NF-kappaB1 (p105), an atypical IkappaB molecule
      and the precursor of NF-kappaB subunit p50. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments
      indicated that Casper interacted with p105 in 293 cells and this interaction was
      mediated through the C-terminal IkappaB-like domain (IkappaBgamma).
      Overexpression of p105 and IkappaBgamma inhibited Casper-induced NF-kappaB
      activation and potentiated Casper-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, Casper and its
      C-terminal caspase-like domain inhibited p105 processing into p50. Our findings
      suggest that p105 is involved in Casper-mediated regulation of apoptosis and NF
      kappaB activation.

PMID- 13679072
TI  - Porcine CD58: cDNA cloning and molecular dissection of the porcine CD58-human CD2
      interface.
AB  - The porcine ligands of human CD2 remain unknown in xenotransplantation despite
      being an important pathway of T cell costimulation. Of the two main candidates,
      i.e., CD48 and CD58, the cDNA of the most likely ligand poCD58 was cloned from
      CD48-negative endothelial cells costimulating human CD4(+) T cells through the
      CD2 pathway. The deduced protein sequence is 244 residues long and is 43%
      homologous to the human sequence. Based on similarity between porcine and human
      CD58 external V-set Ig-type domains, a structural model of poCD58-huCD2
      interaction was built. Most of the charged residues located at the interface with
      huCD2 are highly conserved. Six putative hydrogen bonds between poCD58 and huCD2
      were identified; five involve the same residues as in the syngeneic combination
      while the sixth is formed between an additional tyrosine in poCD58 and Arg48 in
      huCD2, increasing the complementarity between the two molecules. These structural
      data will help us to develop poCD58 blocking agents for xenotransplantation.

PMID- 13679073
TI  - Mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae sterol C5-desaturase conferring resistance
      to the CYP51 inhibitor fluconazole.
AB  - Understanding fluconazole resistance is important as it emerged as a serious
      clinical problem for this CYP51, sterol 14alpha-demethylase, inhibitor. One
      mechanism, observed first in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was through defective
      sterol C5-desaturase (Erg3p) required to form the fungistatic sterol end-product
      resulting from CYP51 inhibition, 14alpha-methylergosta-8,24(28)-dien-3beta,6alpha
      diol. Here, we report molecular changes resulting in both blocked mutants and
      also leaky mutants in which reduced ergosterol levels were detected. Blocked
      mutants exhibited nonsense and frameshift mutations, while leaky mutants
      contained missense mutations that were generally in conserved positions based on
      the alignment of sterol C5-desaturases and located mainly between residues 250
      and 282.

PMID- 13679074
TI  - In vitro characterization of four novel non-functional variants of the thiopurine
      S-methyltransferase.
AB  - Human thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) is an enzyme responsible for the
      detoxification of widely used thiopurine drugs such as azathioprine (Aza). Its
      activity is inversely related to the risk of developing severe hematopoietic
      toxicity in certain patients treated with standard doses of thiopurines. DNA
      samples from four leucopenic patients treated with Aza were screened by PCR-SSCP
      analysis for mutations in the 10 exons of the TPMT gene. Four missense mutations
      comprising two novel mutations, A83T (TPMT*13, Glu(28)Val) and C374T (TPMT*12,
      Ser(125)Leu), and two previously described mutations, G430C (TPMT*10,
      Gly(144)Arg) and T681G (TPMT*7, His(227)Gln) were identified. Using a recombinant
      yeast expression system, kinetic parameters (K(m) and V(max)) of 6-thioguanine S
      methylation of the four TPMT variants were determined and compared to those
      obtained with wild-type TPMT. This functional analysis suggests that these rare
      allelic variants are defective TPMT alleles. The His(227)Gln variant retained
      only 10% of the intrinsic clearance value (V(max)/K(m) ratio) of the wild-type
      enzyme. The Ser(125)Leu and Gly(144)Arg variants were associated with a
      significant decrease in intrinsic clearance values, retaining about 30% of the
      wild-type enzyme, whereas the Glu(28)Val variant produced a more modest decrease
      (57% of the wild-type enzyme). The data suggest that the sporadic contribution of
      the rare Glu(28)Val, Ser(125)Leu, Gly(144)Arg, and His(227)Gln variants may
      account for the occurrence of altered metabolism of TPMT substrates. These
      findings improve our knowledge of the genetic basis of interindividual
      variability in TPMT activity and would enhance the efficiency of genotyping
      methods to predict patients at risk of inadequate responses to thiopurine
      therapy.

PMID- 13679075
TI  - Comparative transductions of breast cancer cells by three DNA viruses.
AB  - Defining the ideal vectors to transduce breast cancer using viruses is currently
      under intense pre-clinical evaluation. Our study constitutes the first direct
      comparison of the infection efficiencies of a human serotype 5 (Ad5), a canine
      serotype 2 (CAV-2) adenovirus, and a human serotype 2 adeno-associated virus (AAV
      2) in breast cancer cells. We observed an excellent infection efficiency for Ad5
      vector, whereas both CAV-2 and AAV-2 vectors lead to low infection of these
      cells. Real-time PCR, flow cytometry, and antibody blocking studies suggest that
      Ad5 and CAV-2 infection ability is not strictly dependent on coxsackie adenovirus
      receptor (CAR) or alpha(v) integrin levels. In conclusion, our data suggest that
      human adenoviruses are excellent transducers of breast cancer cells, though it
      may be difficult to predict the extent of infection solely on CAR or alpha(v)
      integrin levels.

PMID- 13679076
TI  - Resveratrol scavenges reactive oxygen species and effects radical-induced
      cellular responses.
AB  - Scavenging or quenching of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) involved in
      oxidative stress has been the subject of many recent studies. Resveratrol, found
      in various natural food products, has been linked to decreased coronary artery
      disease and preventing cancer development. The present study measured the effect
      of resveratrol on several different systems involving the hydroxyl, superoxide,
      metal/enzymatic-induced, and cellular generated radicals. The rate constant for
      reaction of resveratrol with the hydroxyl radical was determined, and resveratrol
      was found to be an effective scavenger of hydroxyl, superoxide, and metal-induced
      radicals as well as showing antioxidant abilities in cells producing ROS.
      Resveratrol exhibits a protective effect against lipid peroxidation in cell
      membranes and DNA damage caused by ROS. Resveratrol was also found to have a
      significant inhibitory effect on the NF-kappaB signaling pathway after cellular
      exposure to metal-induced radicals. It was concluded that resveratrol in foods
      plays an important antioxidant role.

PMID- 13679077
TI  - 8-Nitroxanthine, a product of myeloperoxidase, peroxynitrite, and activated human
      neutrophils, enhances generation of superoxide by xanthine oxidase.
AB  - Reactive nitrogen and oxygen species are implicated in the damage of ischemic
      tissue that is reperfused. One important pathway may involve xanthine oxidase.
      Xanthine oxidase uses xanthine, a product of ATP degradation in ischemic tissue,
      to produce superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. Superoxide reacts rapidly with
      nitric oxide to form peroxynitrite, a powerful oxidant. Another potential source
      of reactive nitrogen species is the myeloperoxidase-hydrogen peroxide-nitrite
      system of activated phagocytes. We demonstrate that peroxynitrite and
      myeloperoxidase nitrate xanthine in vitro. Through 13C NMR spectroscopy,
      UV/visible spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry, the major product was identified
      as 8-nitroxanthine. Xanthine nitration by peroxynitrite was optimal at neutral pH
      and was markedly stimulated by physiological concentrations of bicarbonate.
      Xanthine nitration by myeloperoxidase required hydrogen peroxide and nitrite.
      However, it was independent of chloride ion and little affected by scavengers of
      hypochlorous acid, suggesting that the reactive agent is a nitrogen dioxide-like
      species. 8-Nitroxanthine was generated by a low, steady flux of peroxynitrite,
      and also by the myeloperoxidase-hydrogen peroxide-nitrite system of activated
      human neutrophils, suggesting that the reactions may be physiologically relevant.
      8-Nitroxanthine may exert biological effects because it markedly increased the
      production of superoxide by the xanthine oxidase-xanthine system. Our
      observations suggest a mechanism for the enhanced formation of superoxide in
      reperfused tissue, which might increase the production of peroxynitrite and 8
      nitroxanthine. Generation of 8-nitroxanthine by peroxynitrite and myeloperoxidase
      could represent a positive feedback mechanism that enhances further the
      production of both reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in ischemic tissue that
      is reperfused.

PMID- 13679078
TI  - Characterization of 'basparin A,' a prothrombin-activating metalloproteinase,
      from the venom of the snake Bothrops asper that inhibits platelet aggregation and
      induces defibrination and thrombosis.
AB  - A prothrombin activator, named 'basparin A,' was isolated from the venom of the
      crotaline snake Bothrops asper, the species responsible for the majority of
      snakebite cases in Central America. It is an acidic (pI 5.4), 70kDa, single chain
      P-III metalloproteinase comprising, in addition to the metalloproteinase domain,
      disintegrin-like, and high-cysteine domains. Basparin A is a glycoprotein
      displaying immunological cross-reactivity with BaH1, a P-III hemorrhagic
      metalloproteinase isolated from the same venom. It activates prothrombin through
      the formation of meizothrombin, without requiring additional cofactors; it is,
      therefore, a class A snake venom prothrombin activator. In contrast with most
      venom metalloproteinases, it does not degrade components of the extracellular
      matrix. Apart from its clotting activity, basparin A inhibits collagen-dependent
      platelet aggregation in vitro, an effect that does not depend on proteolytic
      activity. Clotting activity on human plasma is not abrogated by the plasma
      proteinase inhibitors alpha(2) macroglobulin and murinoglobulin, whereas activity
      is completely inhibited by Costa Rican polyvalent (Crotalinae) anti-venom.
      Basparin A does not induce local tissue alterations, such as hemorrhage,
      myonecrosis, and edema, in mice. Moreover, it does not induce systemic
      hemorrhage, thrombocytopenia nor prolongation of the bleeding time following
      intravenous administration. At low doses, the only observed effect induced by
      basparin A, when injected intravenously or intramuscularly into mice, is
      defibrin(ogen)ation. At higher doses, intravenous administration resulted in
      sudden death due to numerous occluding thrombi in pulmonary vessels. Basparin A
      is likely to play an important role in the coagulopathy associated with B. asper
      envenoming.

PMID- 13679079
TI  - Evidence of the residues involved in ligand recognition in the second
      extracellular loop of the prostacyclin receptor characterized by high resolution
      2D NMR techniques.
AB  - In previous studies, we have determined the solution structure of the second
      extracellular loop (eLP(2)) of the human thromboxane A(2) receptor (TP) and
      identified the residues in the eLP(2) domain involved in ligand recognition, by
      using a combination of approaches including a constrained synthetic peptide, 2D
      NMR spectroscopy, and recombinant proteins. These findings led us to hypothesize
      that the specific ligand recognition sites may be localized in the eLP(2) for all
      the prostanoid receptors. To test this hypothesis, we have investigated the
      ligand recognition site for another prostanoid receptor, the prostacyclin
      receptor (IP), which mediates an opposite biological function compared to that of
      the TP receptor. The identification of the interaction between the IP receptor
      and its agonist, iloprost, was achieved with a constrained synthetic peptide
      mimicking the eLP(2) region of the receptor. The IP eLP(2) segment was designed
      and synthesized to form a constrained loop, using a homocysteine disulfide bond
      connecting the ends of the peptide, based on the distance predicted from the IP
      receptor model created by homology modeling using the crystal structure of bovine
      rhodopsin as a template. The evidence of the constrained IP eLP(2) interaction
      with iloprost was found by the identification of the conformational changes of
      the eLP(2) induced by iloprost using fluorescence spectroscopy, and was further
      confirmed by 1D and 2D 1H NMR experiments. In addition, the IP eLP(2)-induced
      structure of iloprost in solution was elucidated through a complete assignment of
      the 2D 1H NMR spectra for iloprost in the presence of the IP eLP(2) segment. In
      contrast, no ordered structure was observed in the 2D 1H NMR experiments for
      iloprost alone in solution. These studies not only identified that the eLP(2)
      segment of the IP receptor is involved in ligand recognition, but also solved the
      3D solution structure of the bound-form of iloprost, which could be used to study
      the receptor-ligand interaction in structural terms.

PMID- 13679080
TI  - Characterization of the branching patterns of glycogen branching enzyme truncated
      on the N-terminus.
AB  - Truncation of 112 amino acids at the N-terminus (Nd(1-112)) changes the chain
      transfer pattern of the Escherichia coli glycogen branching enzyme (GBE) [Arch.
      Biochem. Biophys. 397 (2002) 279]. We investigated further the role of the N
      terminus by engineering other truncated GBEs and analyzing the branching pattern
      by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography. The wild type GBE transfers
      mainly chains with a degree of polymerization (d.p.) of 8-14, the Nd(1-112)
      enzyme transfers a greater proportion of chains with higher d.p. 15-20, whereas
      the 63- and 83-amino acid deleted enzymes had an intermediate pattern of
      transferred chains (d.p. 10-20). These data showed that a progressive shortening
      of the N-terminus leads to a gradual increase in the length of the transferred
      chains, suggesting that the N-terminus provides a support for the glucan
      substrate during the processes of cleavage and transfer of the alpha-(1-4) glucan
      chains.

PMID- 13679081
TI  - In vitro cellular aging is associated with enhanced proliferative capacity, G1
      cell cycle modulation, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 regulation in mouse aortic
      smooth muscle cells.
AB  - Cellular and molecular events in young (passage 1-3) and aged (passage 25-30)
      primary mouse aortic smooth muscle cells (MASMC) were investigated. Immunoblot
      and immunofluorescence analyses indicated that smooth muscle alpha-actin (SM
      alpha-actin) levels were significantly reduced with increasing in vitro age. Aged
      MASMC showed an increased proliferative capacity in response to fetal bovine
      serum (FBS) in comparison with young MASMC. The cell cycle-associated proteins
      such as cyclin D1, cyclin E, CDK2, and CDK4, and kinase activities associated
      with CDK2 and CDK4 were increased in aged MASMC. In addition, CDK inhibitor p21
      was elevated in aged cell, whereas p27 was decreased. These changes of G1 cell
      cycle machinery could be explained by the increased proliferative capacity.
      Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression was also increased in response to
      tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in aged MASMC, as evidenced by zymography
      and immunoblot analysis. Transient transfection assays showed an age-dependent
      increase in transcription from MMP-9 promoter activity in response to TNF-alpha.
      In addition, the transcription factors NF-kappaB and AP-1 that are involved in
      the MMP-9 regulation of aged MASMC in response to TNF-alpha were identified by
      means of mutation analysis and gel shift assays. These results suggest that the
      age-associated increase in SMC proliferative capacity, accumulative cell cycle
      regulators, and MMP-9 expression may play a role in vascular remodeling during in
      vitro aging.

PMID- 13679082
TI  - Kinetic and biochemical analysis of the mechanism of action of lysine 5,6
      aminomutase.
AB  - Lysine 5,6-aminomutase (5,6-LAM) catalyzes the reversible and nearly isoenergetic
      transformations of D-lysine into 2,5-diaminohexanoate (2,5-DAH) and of L-beta
      lysine into 3,5-diaminohexanoate (3,5-DAH). The activity of 5,6-LAM depends on
      pyridoxal-5(')-phosphate (PLP) and adenosylcobalamin. The currently postulated
      multistep mechanism involves at least 12 steps, two of which involve hydrogen
      transfer. The deuterium kinetic isotope effects on k(cat) and k(cat)/K(m) have
      been found to be 10.4+/-0.3 and 8.3+/-1.9, respectively, in the reaction of DL
      lysine-3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6-d(8). The corresponding isotope effects for reaction of DL
      lysine-4,4,5,5-d(4) are 8.5+/-0.7 and 7.1+/-1.2, respectively. Neither
      cob(II)alamin nor a free radical can be detected in the steady state by UV-Vis
      spectrophotometry or electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy.
      Therefore, hydrogen abstraction from carbon-5 of the substrate side chain is rate
      limiting in the mechanism. DL-4-Oxalysine is an alternative substrate for 5,6
      LAM. DL-4-Oxalysine reacts irreversibly because the product breaks down into
      ammonia, acetaldehyde, and DL-serine. The value of K(m) for the reaction of DL-4
      oxalysine is lower than that for DL-lysine and that of k(cat) for DL-4-oxalysine
      is slightly lower than that for DL-lysine. As measured by values of k(cat)/K(m),
      5,6-LAM uses DL-4-oxalysine essentially as efficiently as the best substrates, D
      lysine and L-beta-lysine, and more efficiently than DL-lysine. DL-4-Oxalysine
      induces the same suicide inactivation by electron transfer as do the biological
      substrates. The putative substrate-related radical intermediate is not
      sufficiently stabilized by the nonbonding 4-oxa electrons to be detectable by EPR
      spectroscopy.

PMID- 13679083
TI  - The role of transmembrane span 2 in the structure and function of subunit a of
      the ATP synthase from Escherichia coli.
AB  - The importance of the second transmembrane span of subunit a of the ATP synthase
      from Escherichia coli has been established by two approaches. First, biochemical
      analysis of five cysteine-substitution mutants, four of which were previously
      constructed for labeling experiments, revealed that only D119C, found within the
      second transmembrane span, was deleterious to ATP synthase function. This mutant
      had a greatly reduced growth yield, indicating inefficient ATP synthesis, but it
      retained a significant level of ATP-driven proton translocation and sensitivity
      to N,N(')-dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide, indicating more robust function in the
      direction of ATP hydrolysis. Second, the entire second transmembrane span was
      probed by alanine-insertion mutagenesis at six different positions, from residues
      98 to 122. Insertions at the central four positions from residues 107 to 117
      resulted in the inability to grow on succinate minimal medium, although normal
      levels of membrane-bound ATPase activity and significant levels of subunit a were
      detected. Double mutants were constructed with a mutation that permits cross
      linking to the b subunit. Cross-linked products in the mutant K74C/114iA were
      seen, indicating no major disruption of the a-b interface due to the insertion at
      114. Analysis of the K74C/110iA double mutant indicated that K74C is a partial
      suppressor of 110iA. In summary, the results support a model in which the amino
      terminal, cytoplasmic end of the second transmembrane span has close contact with
      subunit b, while the carboxy-terminal, periplasmic end is important for proton
      translocation.

PMID- 13679084
TI  - Equilibria and kinetics of the intercalation of Pt-proflavine and proflavine into
      calf thymus DNA.
AB  - The interaction of the cis-platinum derivative of proflavine
      [[PtCl(tmen)(2)][HNC(13)H(7)(NHCH(2)CH(2))(2)]](+) (PRPt) with CT-DNA is
      investigated by spectrophotometry and T-jump relaxation in 0.11M NaCl, pH 7.0,
      and 25 degrees C. The DNA-proflavine (PR) system is investigated under the same
      conditions. Static measurements indicate that base-dye interactions prevail and
      their analysis reveals that the site size for PRPt (n=2.6) is twice that found
      for PR (n=1.3). One relaxation effect is observed for the DNA/PR system and two
      effects for the DNA/PRPt system, the faster of them being similar to that of
      DNA/PR. The kinetics of the process are discussed in terms of the three-step
      sequence D+S <= => DS(I) <= => DS(II) <= => DS(III), where PR and the aromatic
      residues of PRPt intercalate into DNA by the same mechanism. The third step
      represents the penetration of platinum residues between base-pairs and is
      associated to remarkable enthalpy and entropy changes. Further mechanistic
      details are discussed.

PMID- 13679085
TI  - Glyceryl trinitrate, a nitric oxide donor, abrogates ferric nitrilotriacetate
      induced oxidative stress and renal damage.
AB  - Ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA), a common water pollutant and a known renal
      carcinogen, acts through the generation of oxidative stress and
      hyperproliferative response. In the present study, we show that the nitric oxide
      (NO) generated by the administration of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) affords
      protection against Fe-NTA-induced oxidative stress and proliferative response.
      Administration of Fe-NTA resulted in a significant (P<0.001) depletion of renal
      glutathione (GSH) content with concomitant increase in lipid peroxidation and
      elevated tissue damage marker release in serum. Parallel to these changes, Fe-NTA
      also caused down-regulation of GSH metabolizing enzymes including glutathione
      peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione-S-transferase and
      several fold induction in ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and rate of DNA
      synthesis. Subsequent exogenous administration of GTN at doses of 3 and 6mg/kg
      body weight resulted in significant (P<0.001) recovery of GSH metabolizing
      enzymes and amelioration of tissue GSH content, in a dose-dependent manner. GTN
      administration also inhibited malondialdehyde (MDA) formation, induction of ODC
      activity, enhanced rate of DNA synthesis, and pathological deterioration in a
      dose-dependent fashion. Further, administration of NO inhibitor, N(G)-nitro-L
      arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), exacerbated Fe-NTA-induced oxidative tissue
      injury, hyperproliferative response, and pathological damage. Overall, the study
      suggests that NO administration subsequent to Fe-NTA affords protection against
      ROS-mediated damage induced by Fe-NTA.

PMID- 13679086
TI  - Monoterpene double-bond reductases of the (-)-menthol biosynthetic pathway:
      isolation and characterization of cDNAs encoding (-)-isopiperitenone reductase
      and (+)-pulegone reductase of peppermint.
AB  - Random sequencing of a peppermint essential oil gland secretory cell cDNA library
      revealed a large number of clones that specified redox-type enzymes. Full-length
      acquisitions of each type were screened by functional expression in Escherichia
      coli using a newly developed in situ assay. cDNA clones encoding the monoterpene
      double-bond reductases (-)-isopiperitenone reductase and (+)-pulegone reductase
      were isolated, representing two central steps in the biosynthesis of (-)-menthol,
      the principal component of peppermint essential oil, and the first reductase
      genes of terpenoid metabolism to be described. The (-)-isopiperitenone reductase
      cDNA has an open reading frame of 942 nucleotides that encodes a 314 residue
      protein with a calculated molecular weight of 34,409. The recombinant reductase
      has an optimum pH of 5.5, and K(m) values of 1.0 and 2.2 microM for (-)
      isopiperitenone and NADPH, respectively, with k(cat) of 1.3s(-1) for the
      formation of the product (+)-cis-isopulegone. The (+)-pulegone reductase cDNA has
      an open reading frame of 1026 nucleotides and encodes a 342 residue protein with
      a calculated molecular weight of 37,914. This recombinant reductase catalyzes the
      reduction of the 4(8)-double bond of (+)-pulegone to produce both (-)-menthone
      and (+)-isomenthone in a 55:45 ratio, has an optimum pH of 5.0, and K(m) values
      of 2.3 and 6.9 microM for (+)-pulegone and NADPH, respectively, with k(cat) of
      1.8s(-1). Deduced sequence comparison revealed that these two highly substrate
      specific double-bond reductases show less than 12% identity. (-)-Isopiperitenone
      reductase is a member of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily and
      (+)-pulegone reductase is a member of the medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase
      superfamily, implying very different evolutionary origins in spite of the
      similarity in substrates utilized and reactions catalyzed.

PMID- 13679087
TI  - Interference of methyl trachyloban-19-oate ester with CF(0) of spinach
      chloroplast H(+)-ATPase.
AB  - In isolated spinach chloroplasts, low concentrations (I(50)=14 microM) of methyl
      trachyloban-19-oate ester inhibited ATP synthesis and coupled electron transport
      as well as light-activated membrane-bound Mg(2+)-ATPase activity. Basal (-Pi) and
      uncoupled electron transport and heat-activated Ca(2+)-dependent ATPase activity
      of isolated coupling factor proteins were unaffected by methyl trachyloban-19
      oate. Thylakoids partially stripped of coupled factor by EDTA were unable to
      accumulate protons in the light. However, increasing concentrations of methyl
      trachyloban-19-oate ester restored this ability. It is concluded that the methyl
      trachyloban-19-oate ester effects result from blocking proton transport through
      the CF(0) channel. Methyl trachyloban-19-oate ester exhibited non-competitive
      kinetics with DCCD and triphenyltin. These results suggest that the natural
      products, DCCD and triphenyltin, access inhibition sites in CF(0). The K(i) is 75
      microM.

PMID- 13679090
TI  - Differential inhibition of Helicoverpa armigera gut proteinases by proteinase
      inhibitors of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) and its wild relatives.
AB  - The seeds of 36 pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L) Millsp.] cultivars, resistant and
      susceptible to pests and pathogens and 17 of its wild relatives were analysed for
      inhibitors of trypsin, chymotrypsin, and insect gut proteinases to identify
      potential inhibitors of insect (Helicoverpa armigera) gut enzymes. Proteinase
      inhibitors (PIs) of pigeonpea cultivars showed total inhibition of trypsin and
      chymotrypsin, and moderate inhibition potential towards H. armigera proteinases
      (HGP). PIs of wild relatives exhibited stronger inhibition of HGP, which was up
      to 87% by Rhynchosia PIs. Electrophoretic detection of HGPI proteins and
      inhibition of HGP isoforms by few pigeonpea wild relative PIs supported our
      enzyme inhibitor assay results. Present results indicate that PIs exhibit wide
      range of genetic diversity in the wild relatives of pigeonpea whereas pigeonpea
      cultivars (resistant as well as susceptible to pests and pathogens) are
      homogeneous. The potent HGPIs identified in this study need further exploration
      for their use in strengthening pigeonpea defence against H. armigera.

PMID- 13679089
TI  - Kava lactones and the kava-kava controversy.
AB  - Kava-kava is a traditional beverage of the South Pacific islanders and has had
      centuries of use without major side effects. Standardised extracts of kava-kava
      produced in Europe have led to many serious health problems and even to death.
      The extraction process (aqueous vs. acetone in the two types of preparations) is
      responsible for the difference in toxicity as extraction of glutathione in
      addition to the kava lactones is important to provide protection against
      hepatotoxicity. The Michael reaction between glutathione and kava lactones,
      resulting in opening of the lactone ring, reduces the side effects of the kava
      kava extracts. This protective activity was demonstrated using Acanthamoebae
      castellanii in which 100% cell death occurred with 100 mg ml(-1) kava lactones
      alone, and 40% cell death with a mixture of 100 mg ml (-1)glutathione and 100 mg
      ml (-1) kava lactones. A comparison of kava lactone toxicity with other
      pharmaceutical products is discussed and recommendations made for safe usage of
      kava-kava products

PMID- 13679091
TI  - Isolation and characterisation of phytase from dormant Corylus avellana seeds.
AB  - Phytase (myo-inositol-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate phosphohydrolase, EC
      3.1.3.26), which catalyses the step-wise hydrolysis of phytic acid, was purified
      from cotyledons of dormant Corylus avellana L. seeds. The enzyme was separated
      from the major soluble acid phosphatase by successive (NH4)(2)SO(4)
      precipitation, gel filtration and cation exchange chromatography resulting in a
      300-fold purification and yield of 7.5%. The native enzyme positively interacted
      with Concanavalin A suggesting that it is putatively glycosylated. After size
      exclusion chromatography and SDS-PAGE it was found to be a monomeric protein with
      molecular mass 72+/-2.5 kDa. The hazel enzyme exhibited optimum activity for
      phytic acid hydrolysis at pH 5 and, like other phytases, had broad substrate
      specificity. It exhibited the lowest Km (162 microM) and highest specificity
      constant (V(max)/Km) for phytic acid, indicating that this is the preferred in
      vivo substrate. It required no metal ion as a co-factor, while inorganic
      phosphate and fluoride competitively inhibited enzymic activity (Ki=407 microM
      and Ki=205 microM, respectively).

PMID- 13679092
TI  - Molecular and structural analysis of electrophoretic variants of soybean seed
      storage proteins.
AB  - Soybean (Glycine max L.) storage proteins are composed mainly of two major
      components, beta-conglycinin and glycinin. Electrophoretic variants of the beta
      subunit of beta-conglycinin and the A3 polypeptide of glycinin were detected on
      SDS-PAGE, and designated them as beta* and A3*, respectively. beta* and A3*
      exhibited higher and lower mobilities, respectively, than the common beta subunit
      and A3 polypeptide. The N-terminal nine and 10 amino acid sequences of beta* and
      A3* were completely identical to the previously reported sequences of the beta
      subunit and the A3 polypeptide, respectively. Analysis using concanavalin A
      horseradish peroxidase and treatment with N-glycosidase indicated that glycans
      were not responsible for the difference in electrophoretic mobility of beta* or
      A3*. Furthermore, five clones of beta* or beta and three clones of A3*,
      respectively, were sequenced but we could not detect deletions and insertions
      except for a single or a few amino acid substitutions as compared with the common
      beta subunit and A3 polypeptide. These results indicate that a single or a few
      amino acid substitution affects the electrophoretic mobilities of beta* and A3*.

PMID- 13679093
TI  - Formation of novel flavonoids in apple (Malusxdomestica) treated with the 2
      oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase inhibitor prohexadione-Ca.
AB  - Novel flavonoids were formed in young leaves of apple (Malusxdomestica) after
      treatment with the dioxygenase inhibitor prohexadione-Ca, which is known to
      reduce the incidence and severity of fire blight caused by Erwinia amylovora and
      other plant diseases. The compounds were isolated and identified as
      luteoliflavan, luteoliflavan 5-glucoside, eriodictyol 7-glucoside and 6"-O-trans
      p-coumaroyleriodictyol 3'-glucoside. These flavonoids represent a novel
      biosynthetic pathway in apple leading to the formation of 3-deoxyflavans.
      Concomitantly, the content of regularly occurring phenylpropanoids is also
      influenced by prohexadione-Ca with increasing amounts of hydroxycinnamic acids
      and decreasing flavan-3-ols and flavonols. The altered flavonoid metabolism may
      be related to the lowered pathogen incidence though the isolated novel flavonoids
      do not exhibit antibacterial activity.

PMID- 13679094
TI  - High isoflavone content and estrogenic activity of 25 year-old Glycine max tissue
      cultures.
AB  - Soy isoflavones are phytoestrogens which have been associated with several health
      benefits. In the present study, we report the production of isoflavones in a
      collection of 40 strains of soya cell cultures established in 1975. A large
      variability in the isoflavone composition was observed and high-producing
      strains, with an isoflavone content of up to 46.3 mg g(-1) dry wt., were found.
      In comparison with soybeans, many callus strains had a higher isoflavone
      concentration (10-40 times) and a different ratio of genistin to daidzin forms.
      The highest producing strain was transferred to liquid medium in an Erlenmeyer
      flask and in a 10 l stirred-tank bioreactor where high isoflavone content (7% dry
      wt.), concentration (880 mg l(-1)) and a maximum productivity estimated to 60 mg
      l(-1) d(-1) were obtained. We further studied the estrogenic activity of pure
      compounds compared to plant cell culture extracts in the estrogen-responsive
      human endometrial Ishikawa cell line. Estrogen was confirmed to be 1000-10,000
      times more active than isoflavones. The estrogenic activity of the extracts
      correlated to their isoflavone content. The activity of the malonyl isoflavones,
      assessed here for the first time, was lower than the aglycones. Taken together,
      these results suggest that soya cell cultures can be used as an alternative
      source to soybeans to provide high concentrations of bioactive isoflavones.

PMID- 13679095
TI  - Effects of temperature on the production of hydrogen peroxide and volatile
      halocarbons by brackish-water algae.
AB  - Marine algae produce volatile halocarbons, which have an ozone-depleting
      potential. The formation of these compounds is thought to be related to oxidative
      stress, involving H2O2 and algal peroxidases. In our study we found strong
      correlations between the releases of H2O2 and brominated and some iodinated
      compounds to the seawater medium, but no such correlation was found for CHCl3,
      suggesting the involvement of other formation mechanisms as well. Little is known
      about the effects of environmental factors on the production of volatile
      halocarbons by algae and in the present study we focused on the influence of
      temperature. Algae were sampled in an area of the brackish Baltic Sea that
      receives thermal discharge, allowing us to collect specimens of the same species
      that were adapted to different field temperature regimes. We exposed six algal
      species (the diatom Pleurosira laevis, the brown alga Fucus vesiculosus and four
      filamentous green algae, Cladophora glomerata, Enteromorpha ahlneriana, E.
      flexuosa and E. intestinalis) to temperature changes of 0-11 degrees C under high
      irradiation to invoke oxidative stress. The production rates, as well as the
      quantitative composition of 16 volatile halocarbons, were strongly species
      dependent and different types of responses to temperature were recorded. However,
      no response patterns to temperature change were found that were consistent for
      all species or for all halocarbons. We conclude that the production of certain
      halocarbons may increase with temperature in certain algal species, but that the
      amount and composition of the volatile halocarbons released by algal communities
      are probably more affected by temperature-associated species shifts. These
      results may have implications for climatic change scenarios.

PMID- 13679096
TI  - Purine alkaloids in Paullinia.
AB  - Among the few purine alkaloid-containing genera consumed as stimulants, Paullinia
      is the least investigated with respect to both chemotaxonomy and within-the-plant
      allocation of caffeine and its allies. Since purine alkaloids (PuA) have been
      proved to be valuable marker compounds in chemotaxonomy, 34 species of Paullinia
      and related genera were screened for them, but only one, P. pachycarpa, was
      positive in addition to the already known P. cupana and P. yoco. The PuA
      allocation in P. pachycarpa was examined and found to be restricted to
      theobromine in the stem, leaves and flowers. Moreover, the theobromine
      concentration in the stem cortex increased significantly towards the base of the
      plant. Since the stem cortex of P. yoco is traditionally used by the natives of
      Colombia and Ecuador to prepare a caffeine-rich beverage, we suspected that
      within the genus Paullinia the PuA are preferentially allocated to the older
      parts of the stem and not to young shoots like e.g., in the coffee plant (Coffea
      spp.). Indeed, the axis (greenhouse) of P. cupana (guarana), known for its
      caffeine-rich seeds, exhibited a basipetal PuA gradient (0.005-0.145%). Moreover,
      the analysis of young cortex samples (herbarium) and of one piece of old stem
      (museum collection) revealed the same for P. yoco, even though we found much less
      (0.5 vs 2.5%) caffeine in the old cortex as compared to the only two analyses in
      1926 of similar material. However, this discrepancy may be explained by the high
      variability of the PuA pattern we detected among yoco, the diversity of which the
      Indians take advantage.

PMID- 13679097
TI  - Essential oil analysis and antimicrobial activity of eight Stachys species from
      Greece.
AB  - The volatile composition of eight Stachys species has been studied. The
      investigated taxa were St. alopecuros (L.) Bentham., St. scardica (Griseb.)
      Hayek, St. cretica L. ssp. cretica, St. germanica L. ssp. heldreichii (Boiss.)
      Hayek, St. recta L., St. spinulosa L., St. euboica Rech. and St. menthifolia
      Vis., growing wild in Greece. The essential oils were obtained by
      hydrodistillation in a modified Clevenger-type apparatus, and their analyses were
      performed by GC and GC-MS. Identification of the substances was made by
      comparison of mass spectra and retention indices with literature records.
      Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were shown to be the main group of constituents of all
      taxa. Furthermore, the obtained essential oils were tested against the following
      six bacteria: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Escherichia coli (ATCC 35210),
      Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 10907), Bacillus cereus (clinical isolates), Micrococcus
      flavus (ATCC 10240), Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 2228), as well as against
      the following five fungi: Aspergillus niger (ATCC 6275), Penicillium ochrochloron
      (ATCC 9112), Epidermophyton floccosum (clinical isolates), Candida albicans
      (clinical isolates) and Trichophyton mentagrophytes (clinical isolates). The
      tested essential oils showed better activity against bacterial species than
      against fungi. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most resistant strain, as none of
      the essential oils was active against this strain. The essential oil of St.
      scardica has been proven most active against both bacteria and fungi.

PMID- 13679098
TI  - Isoflavonoids from roots of Erythrina zeyheri.
AB  - Five isoflavonoids, (+/-)-7,2',4'-trihydroxy-8,3'-di(gamma,gamma
      dimethylallyl)isoflavanone, (3R)-7,4'-dihydroxy-2'-methoxy-6,8-di(gamma,gamma
      dimethylallyl)isoflavanone, (3R)-7,2',4'-trihydroxy-6,8-di(gamma,gamma
      dimethylallyl)isoflavan, 2',4'-dihydroxy-8-gamma,gamma-dimethylallyl-2",2"
      dimethylpyrano-[5,6:6,7]isoflavan and (6aS, 11aS)-3,6a-dihydroxy-9-methoxy-4,10
      di(gamma,gamma-dimethylallyl)pterocarpan, along with five known compounds, were
      isolated from the roots of Erythrina zeyheri. Their structures were established
      on the basis of spectroscopic evidence, and their antibacterial activities
      against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were estimated by
      determining minimum inhibitory concentrations.

PMID- 13679099
TI  - Stilbenes from the roots of Pleuropterus ciliinervis and their antioxidant
      activities.
AB  - Two stilbene glycosides, pieceid-2"-O-gallate and pieceid-2"-O-coumarate, were
      isolated from the MeOH extract of the roots of Pleuropterus ciliinervis Nakai
      (Polygonaceae), together with two known compounds, resveratrol and pieceid. Their
      structures were determined spectroscopically, particularly by 2D NMR
      spectroscopic analysis. The antioxidant activities of stilbenes isolated were
      determined in vitro against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals,
      superoxide radicals and by determining their lipid peroxidation inhibitory
      activities. Among the compounds isolated, pieceid-2"-O-gallate had the most
      potent inhibitory scavenging effect on DPPH, superoxide radicals and upon lipid
      peroxidation inhibition with IC50 values of 16.5, 23.9 and 5.1 microM,
      respectively.

PMID- 13679101
TI  - Anti-plasmodial activities and X-ray crystal structures of rotenoids from
      Millettia usaramensis subspecies usaramensis.
AB  - The dichloromethane extract of the stem bark of Millettia usaramensis subspecies
      usaramensis showed anti-plasmodial activity against the chloroquine sensitive
      (D6) and chloroquine resistant (W2) strains of Plasmodium falciparum.
      Chromatographic separation of the extract led to the identification of a new
      rotenoid, (6aR,12aS)-2,3-methylenedioxy-9-methoxy-8-(3,3-dimethylallyl)-12a
      hydroxyrotenoid (trivial name, usararotenoid C) along with known flavonoids
      (usararotenoid A, 12a-epimillettosin, 6a,12a-dehydromillettone, barbigerone and
      4'-O-geranylisoliquiritigenin) as the anti-plasmodial principles. The structures
      were determined by spectroscopic analyses. CD and X-ray analyses established
      absolute configurations.

PMID- 13679100
TI  - Lignans from Saururus chinensis inhibiting the transcription factor NF-kappaB.
AB  - The sesquineolignans, saucerneol D and saucerneol E were isolated from the roots
      of Saururus chinensis together with four known lignans, manassantin A,
      manassantin B, (-)-saucerneol methyl ether, and (+)-saucernetin. Structure
      elucidation was based on the analysis of spectroscopic data and anti-inflammatory
      activity was studied using HeLa cells transfected with NF-kappaB reporter
      construct. All compounds except for (+)-saucernetin inhibited NF-kappaB dependent
      reporter gene expression with IC50 values of 2.5-16.9 microM.

PMID- 13679102
TI  - Oleanolic glycosides from Pometia ridleyi.
AB  - Six triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the stem bark of Pometia ridleyi
      along with two known saponins, acutoside A and calenduloside C. Their structures
      were established using one- and two-dimensional NMR and mass spectrometry as 3-O
      beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1-->3)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta-D
      glucopyranosyl-, 3-O-beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1-->3)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-
      >3)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-, 3-O-beta-D
      apiofuranosyl-(1-->3)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->3)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-
      >2)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-, 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->3)-[beta-D
      glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-, 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1
      ->3)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-, 3-O-beta-D
      apiofuranosyl-(1-->3)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->3)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-
      >2)]-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-oleanolic acid. The EtOH and EtOAc extracts of the
      stem bark showed no cytotoxic activity. At a concentration of 23 microg/ml, the
      saponin mixture showed haemolytic activity and caused 50% haemolysis of a 10%
      suspension of sheep erythrocytes.

PMID- 13679103
TI  - Bazzanins L-R, chlorinated macrocyclic bisbibenzyls from the liverwort Lepidozia
      incurvata.
AB  - Seven new chlorinated bisbibenzyls (bazzanins L-R), of the isoplagiochin C type,
      as well as isoplagiochin C have been isolated from the liverwort Lepidozia
      incurvata. The structures have been elucidated based on extensive NMR spectral
      evidence and by mass spectrometry.

PMID- 13679104
TI  - Cornutins C-L, neo-clerodane-type diterpenoids from Cornutia grandifolia var.
      intermedia.
AB  - Ten novel neo-clerodane diterpenoids, named cornutins C-L, have been isolated
      from the leaves of Cornutia grandifolia var. intermedia. Their structures have
      been elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis. In addition, the in vitro
      antiplasmodial activity of four isolated compounds (cornutin C-F) has been
      evaluated, revealing only a marginal activity.

PMID- 13679109
TI  - Introduction to a communication regarding the reorganization of study sections in
      the Center for Scientific Review, National Institutes of Health, of interest to
      researchers in the biomedical aspects of alcohol and alcoholism.

PMID- 13679110
TI  - Histiotypic electrophysiological responses of cultured neuronal networks to
      ethanol.
AB  - Embryonic murine neuronal networks cultured on substrate-integrated
      microelectrode arrays were used to quantify acute electrophysiological effects of
      ethanol by using extracellular, multichannel recording of action potentials.
      Spontaneously active frontal cortex cultures showed repeatable, concentration
      dependent sensitivities to ethanol, with initial inhibition at 20 mM and a spike
      rate 50% effective concentration (EC50) of 48.8+/-5.4 mM. Ethanol concentrations
      of greater than 100 mM led to cessation of activity. The ethanol inhibitions up
      to the maximum tested 160 mM were reversible. Although ethanol did not change the
      shape of action potentials, unit-specific spike pattern effects were found. At 40
      mM, ethanol decreased neuronal firing in 71%, increased firing in 20%, and
      generated no effect in 9% of all units observed (14 cultures, 200 discriminated
      units). The effects of combined application of ethanol and fluoxetine were
      additive. Excellent agreement with findings obtained from experimental studies
      with animals validates the use of these in vitro systems for alcohol research.

PMID- 13679111
TI  - Effects of alcohol infusion on smoking-induced cerebrovascular changes in rat in
      vivo.
AB  - The combined effects of alcohol and cigarette smoking on the cerebral circulation
      are unknown. The current study was designed (1) to compare the acute effects on
      cerebral vessels of cigarette smoking alone with those of alcohol plus cigarette
      smoking and (2) to clarify the mechanism or mechanisms underlying the
      cerebrovascular responses. In pentobarbital-anesthetized, mechanically ventilated
      Sprague-Dawley rats, we measured pial vessel diameters with the use of a cranial
      window preparation. Rats, pretreated with alcohol (n = 6; 1 g/kg/h, i.v.; 1-h
      infusion from t = -60 min to t = 0) or with saline (n = 6), were exposed to 60
      puffs per minute of mainstream smoke from a 1 mg-nicotine cigarette. Inhalation
      of smoke caused pial arterioles to constrict at t = 30 s (8.4%) and,
      subsequently, to dilate (peak at t = 5-10 min; 18.7%). Pretreatment with alcohol
      caused pial vasodilation (14.0%), and, after inhalation of cigarette smoke, the
      pial vasodilation occurred earlier (peak at t = 1-5 min; 30.2%) and was larger,
      without an initial vasoconstriction. The plasma concentration of thromboxane (TX)
      B2 (a stable metabolite of TXA2) increased after this smoking, and alcohol
      pretreatment attenuated this increase (protocol as above). Cigarette smoking had
      a significant biphasic effect on cerebral arteriolar tone. However, alcohol
      suppressed the initial vasoconstriction, probably, at least in part, by
      attenuating the smoking-induced TXA2 production.

PMID- 13679112
TI  - Effects of ethanol on gut-associated lymphoid tissues in a model of bacterial
      translocation: a possible role of apoptosis.
AB  - Chronic ethanol intake has been shown to be associated with immune suppression
      and impairment of epithelial barrier function. We investigated the effects of
      ethanol on intestinal immunity and its relation to bacterial translocation (BT).
      Male Wistar rats were assigned to one of three groups and received respective
      diets for 28 days. The ethanol-fed group [(EG); n=11] received a liquid diet
      containing 5% [volume/volume (vol./vol.)] ethanol; a pair-fed group [(PFG); n=11]
      received an isocaloric diet without ethanol; and a third (control) group [(CG);
      n=11] received water and chow ad libitum. On experimental day 29, animals in the
      EG and the PFG underwent distal ileum ligature and small intestine inoculation of
      a tetracycline-resistant Escherichia coli strain (TcR E. coli R6), by means of
      gastric intubation, followed by duodenal ligature. One hour after inoculation,
      mesenteric lymph nodes, right lobe of liver, spleen, and left kidney were excised
      for bacterial studies. Sections of jejunum and colon were immunostained, with the
      use of antibodies against immunoglobulin (Ig) A, T cells, macrophages, and
      proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Apoptosis was determined by the
      terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase TdT-mediated dUDP-biotin nick end labeling
      (TUNEL) method. Bacterial translocation rates were greater in the PFG compared
      with findings for the EG. Lamina propria of the jejunum of the EG showed a
      reduction in the densities of IgA+ cells and T cells compared with findings for
      the PFG and the CG. Colonic lamina propria of the EG showed reduced densities of
      IgA+ cells and macrophages compared with findings for the PFG and the CG.
      Apoptotic index was increased in the EG compared with findings for the PFG and
      the CG, in both jejunum and colon. Proliferation index was not significantly
      different among groups. Results of the current study show that chronic ethanol
      ingestion led to a reduction of cellular and humoral components of the intestinal
      mucosa, possibly by cell loss as a result of ethanol-induced apoptosis. The
      reduced rates of BT observed after chronic ethanol intake seem to indicate that
      factors irrespective of immune function might be involved in BT inhibition.

PMID- 13679113
TI  - Spectral analyses of sleep EEG in depressed offspring of fathers with or without
      a positive history of alcohol abuse or dependence: a pilot study.
AB  - The current study was designed to examine the effects of family history of
      alcohol use disorders on spectral electroencephalographic (EEG) sleep measures
      obtained in a sample of youth with depression. We evaluated sleep in 32 depressed
      youth (8-16 years of age) with and without a family history of alcohol use
      disorders. Eighteen of the participants (10 males and 8 females) reported a
      positive paternal history of alcohol use disorders and made up the family history
      positive (FHP) group. Power-spectral analyses revealed that increased power in
      the 7.50-11.00 Hz band (slow alpha) was associated with boys in the FHP group for
      the first and second non-rapid eye movement (REM) periods, second REM period,
      awake during the night, and entire night period. Results also showed increased
      power in the higher alpha frequencies (11.00-12.25 Hz) for non-REM, REM, and
      awake periods. A significant increase in spectral power was also observed in boys
      in the FHP group in the delta frequencies (0.75-4.50 Hz) during the second REM
      period. These findings are consistent with results from previous studies,
      demonstrating that EEG alpha power is positively associated with a family history
      of alcohol use disorders.

PMID- 13679114
TI  - Differential associations of sex and D2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) genotype with
      negative affect and other substance abuse risk markers in children of alcoholics.
AB  - Children of alcoholics have increased risk for substance abuse problems. Self
      medication of negative affect may be one developmental path to future substance
      abuse. Because the 146 young (adolescent) children of alcoholics in the current
      sample had not used enough abused substances to study substance use directly, the
      relation of substance abuse risk markers to negative affect was assessed. Because
      the D2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) A1 allele has been associated with alcoholism and
      other substance use disorders, negative affect, measured by the Beck Depression
      Inventory (BDI), was determined in four groups of children: boys and girls with
      the A1+ allele (A1A1 and A1A2 genotypes) and with the A1- allele (A2A2 genotype).
      The other risk markers were stress, low amplitude of the P300 evoked potential,
      poor visuospatial functioning, novelty seeking (NS), and harm avoidance (HA).
      Stress was correlated with BDI scores in all groups. In contrast, low P300 was
      associated with BDI scores only in boys with the A1+ allele (P = .04), NS was
      associated with BDI scores only in girls with the A1+ allele (P = .02), and HA
      was associated with BDI scores only in boys with the A1- allele (P = .01). In
      addition, boys with the A1+ allele had lower BDI (P = .05) and HA (P = .005)
      scores than the respective scores for boys with the A1- allele. Girls with the A1
      allele had lower HA scores compared with scores for boys with the A1- allele (P
      = .02). Girls with the A1+ allele had lower visuospatial functioning than that of
      boys with the A1+ allele (P<.001). Results indicate that both sex and DRD2
      genotype modify associations between negative affect and other substance abuse
      risk markers.

PMID- 13679115
TI  - Chorda tympani nerve transection does not alter operant oral self-administration
      of ethanol in the rat.
AB  - In experimental conditions, it has been suggested that taste factors may
      contribute to ethanol preference in rodents. The aim of the current study was to
      assess the effects of transection of a gustatory branch of the seventh cranial
      nerve, the chorda tympani (CT), on operant self-administration of ethanol in
      rats. Male Wistar rats were trained to lever press for 8% [volume/volume
      (vol./vol.)] ethanol solution. When 8% ethanol intake stabilized, the CT nerve
      was transected bilaterally in six subjects. Another group received sham
      operations. There were no between-group differences in terms of self
      administration of 8% ethanol, either before or after surgery. In addition, self
      administration of 2% and 4% ethanol, measured after surgery, did not differ
      between the groups. In a control experiment, two-bottle consumption of as well as
      preference for 0.625% [weight/volume (wt./vol.)] sucrose were significantly
      decreased in the lesioned subjects. The results may indicate that gustatory input
      of the CT nerve is not necessary for maintenance of operant oral self
      administration of ethanol.

PMID- 13679116
TI  - Is mental retardation a defect of synapse structure and function?
AB  - Mental retardation is believed to be a result of alterations in molecular
      pathways underlying neuronal processes involved in cognitive functions. It is not
      fully understood, however, which molecular pathways are critical for cognitive
      mechanisms. Furthermore, whether mental retardation is a developmental or ongoing
      disorder of cognitive functions is unknown. Answering these questions will help
      elucidate the etiology of mental retardation and possibly lead to new therapies.
      Several recently published studies suggested that mental retardation might be
      caused by defects in synapse structure and function. Four genes mutated in
      families with mental retardation encode proteins known as Rho guanine nucleotide
      exchange factor 6, oligophrenin-1, p21-activated kinase, and guanine dissociation
      inhibitor 1. Each of these interacts with various guanine nucleotide-binding
      proteins involved in signaling pathways that regulate the actin cytoskeleton,
      neurite outgrowth, neurotransmitter release, and dendritic spine morphology. The
      goal is to understand the roles of these genes in normal cognitive functions.

PMID- 13679117
TI  - Factors predictive of seizures and neurologic outcome in perinatal depression.
AB  - To identify which early clinical variables are predictive of outcome in newborns
      with perinatal depression, we prospectively examined newborns with persistently
      abnormal neurologic examinations at 48 hours and (1) arterial pH </= 7.15, (2) 5
      minute Apgar </= 5, (3) requirement for positive pressure ventilation in the
      delivery room, or (4) fetal heart rate monitoring abnormalities. Eighty-four such
      infants completed neurodevelopmental assessment at 1 year. Five-minute Apgar (P =
      0.0064), arterial pH (P = 0.0065) and base excess (P = 0.0003), neonatal
      encephalopathy grade at 48 hours and 7 days (both P = 0.0001), EEG at 48 hours
      and 7 days (both P = 0.0001), cranial ultrasound (US) at 48 hours (P = 0.0013)
      and 7 days (P = 0.0002), and the occurrence of neonatal seizures (P = 0.0001) all
      correlated significantly with developmental outcome, whereas fetal heart rate
      monitoring, mode of delivery, and presence of the non-neurologic hypoxic-ischemic
      encephalopathy syndrome did not. In the multivariate analysis, a combination of
      the 48-hour EEG and 48-hour cranial ultrasound provided the best model to predict
      developmental outcome, and a point system to predict developmental outcome based
      on these two variables is proposed.

PMID- 13679118
TI  - Probing striated muscle mitochondrial phenotype in neuromuscular disorders.
AB  - Multisystemic disorders with predominantly neurologic manifestations often
      present with mitochondrial abnormalities in striated muscle biopsies. Decreased
      respiratory complex activities and abnormalities in mitochondrial structure and
      DNA constitute the spectrum of mitochondrial changes used as diagnostic and
      prognostic indicators in patients with neuromuscular disorders. This study
      assessed mitochondrial defects present in a cohort of 154 young patients to
      determine diagnostic efficiency and probe the relationship of mitochondrial to
      clinical phenotype. Striated muscle biopsies were analyzed for mitochondrial
      structure and number, levels of enzyme activities of complex I-V and citrate
      synthase, mitochondrial DNA and specific mitochondrial DNA deletions, and
      presence of 15 pathogenic mitochondrial DNA point mutations. Reduced complex I,
      III, IV, and V activities were the most ubiquitous finding, with complex III most
      commonly affected. Mitochondrial structural defects (39%) included changes in
      mitochondria sizes/shapes and number and aberrant cristae formation.
      Mitochondrial DNA deletions were evident in 15 patients, three displayed
      mitochondrial DNA depletion, and only two harbored pathogenic point mutations.
      Reductions in specific enzyme activities may be the most sensitive diagnostic
      indicator, whereas defects in ultrastructure and mitochondrial DNA integrity were
      frequently accompanied by the full spectrum of mitochondrial abnormalities. Some
      phenotypes displayed specific mitochondrial abnormalities; however, most clinical
      phenotypes displayed little specificity with regard to mitochondrial phenotype.

PMID- 13679119
TI  - Discourse plasticity in children after stroke: age at injury and lesion effects.
AB  - Studies of children with stroke indicate remarkable recovery of language after
      some initial delay. However, complex language abilities as measured by discourse
      (connected language) may be required to detect the full impact of stroke on
      subsequent cognitive-linguistic development. This study examined discourse
      ability in children with stroke as compared with orthopedic controls, age-at
      injury, and lesion effects. Discourse between two groups of children was compared
      [stroke (n = 17) vs orthopedic control (n = 17)]. The stroke group was subdivided
      into early age at stroke (<1 year) and late age at stroke (>1 year). The
      discourse samples were analyzed along two dimensions: language and information
      structure. Results revealed that the stroke group performed at significantly
      lower levels than the orthopedic control group across discourse measures. The
      most important finding was a poorer outcome for early age at stroke as compared
      with later age at stroke. These findings alter the widespread belief of
      optimistic language outcomes after childhood stroke. Interestingly, no site or
      size-of-lesion effects, common to adult stroke, were identified. These findings
      identify poor long-term outcome with early brain insults at stages far removed
      from the onset of injury. The implication is that childhood stroke management
      should be revised to provide protracted follow-up and treatment.

PMID- 13679120
TI  - The diagnostic value of sensory evoked potentials in pediatric Wilson disease.
AB  - We studied the sensory evoked potentials in pediatric Wilson disease to verify
      their subclinical neurologic involvement and to elucidate the role of cirrhosis
      in abnormal evoked potentials in non-neurologic Wilson disease. Thirty children
      (17 male, 13 female), diagnosed with Wilson disease before 18 years, were
      enrolled. The mean age during studies was 15.8 +/- 6.3 years, and disease
      duration since diagnosis was 3.0 +/- 3.3 years. In 12 neurologic Wilson disease
      cases, there were prolonged interpeak latencies of brainstem auditory evoked
      potentials III-V, I-V, somatosensory evoked potentials N13-N20 (P < 0.01 vs
      controls and non-neurologic cases), and P100 latency (P < 0.01 vs controls). All
      12 patients had at least one abnormal evoked potential, including 91.7% brainstem
      auditory, 58.3% somatosensory, and 25% visual evoked potentials. In 18 non
      neurologic Wilson disease cases, there were still prolonged interpeak latencies
      for brainstem auditory evoked potentials I-V and somatosensory evoked potentials
      N13-N20 (P < 0.05 vs controls), with 27.8% of them having at least one abnormal
      evoked potential, including 16.6% brainstem auditory, 5.6% somatosensory, and
      11.1% visual evoked potentials. In those with non-neurologic Wilson disease,
      there were no significant differences in all the evoked potential parameters
      between the cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients.

PMID- 13679121
TI  - Early predictors of medical intractability in childhood epilepsy.
AB  - The goal of this study is identify early predictors of intractability in
      childhood epilepsy. A cohort of epileptic children living in the northwest sector
      of Hong Kong was prospectively identified and monitored. Treatment effect was
      analyzed at the last follow-up before July 1, 2000. Cases were patients who had
      an average of at least one unprovoked seizure per month during an observational
      period of at least 2 years. Controls were children having achieved at least 2
      seizure-free years. Strong univariate association was observed between
      intractability and the following factors: high initial seizure frequency, remote
      symptomatic etiology, infantile spasms and mixed seizure types, abnormal
      neurologic status, history of status epilepticus, neonatal seizures, and early
      breakthrough attacks after treatment initiation. Independent predictors of
      intractability with multiple regression were abnormal neurodevelopmental status,
      symptomatic etiology, and more than three seizures in the second 6 months after
      treatment. Our study suggested that risk of developing intractable epilepsy might
      be predicted, to some extent, at the early course of illness in children with
      abnormal neurologic status and lack of early response to treatment.

PMID- 13679122
TI  - Use of complementary medicine in children with attention deficit hyperactivity
      disorder and epilepsy.
AB  - We retrospectively studied use of complementary medicine in children with
      Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, epilepsy, and controls. Parents of
      patients with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (n = 120; mean age 11.0 +/
      3.1 years), epilepsy (n = 115; 10.9 +/- 5.5), and healthy children seen in the
      emergency room during an acute illness (n = 115; 5.0 +/- 4.9) were individually
      interviewed regarding past and present use of complementary medicine. We found
      that 34 children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, 37 with epilepsy,
      and 24 controls had, at some time during their life, received complementary
      medicine: diet (n = 50), homeopathy (n = 46), acupuncture (n = 23), and
      biofeedback (n = 9). Current use was significantly less: Attention Deficit
      Hyperactivity Disorder- 7.5%, epilepsy-14%, and controls-7%. No differences among
      groups were found for either past use or method of complementary medicine
      employed. However, the most significant predictor for current use of
      complementary medicine was past use (OR 3.2, P < 0.001), followed by level of
      father's education (OR = 1.16, P = 0.01). There was a trend for more children
      with epilepsy (OR = 1.7) and children from religious families (OR = 1.51) to be
      currently receiving complementary medicine. In summary, only a small minority of
      patients with either Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder or epilepsy used
      complementary medicine as part of their current medical regimen, although during
      their lifetime a third had received complementary medicine. Complementary
      medicine was more consistently used in children who had previously received
      complementary medicine, regardless of their medical diagnosis.

PMID- 13679123
TI  - Biotinidase deficiency: clinical and MRI findings consistent with myelopathy.
AB  - Spastic paraparesis has been described in children with biotinidase deficiency
      and onset in later childhood and early adolescence. A 3-year-old male with
      biotinidase deficiency presented with rash, ataxia, and paraparesis and magnetic
      resonance imaging findings of myelopathy. Improvement occurred after treatment
      with biotin. Myelopathy should be added to the features that may be found on
      clinical examination and neuroimaging of children with biotinidase deficiency,
      regardless of age of presentation.

PMID- 13679124
TI  - Lissencephaly and mongolian spots in Hurler syndrome.
AB  - Hurler disease or syndrome is a disorder of mucopolysaccharide metabolism,
      inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. We describe a case of a 15-month-old
      female exhibiting with clinical and laboratory characteristics of the syndrome,
      central nervous system lesions (lissencephaly, excessive ventricular enlargement
      and Dandy Walker malformation with vermis atrophy, cerebellar cyst) and mongolian
      spots in the trunk and extremities. The combination of mongolian spots and severe
      central nervous system lesions in Hurler syndrome is considered a rare clinical
      occurrence, while the association with lissencephaly has never been reported.

PMID- 13679125
TI  - Fulminant subacute sclerosing panencephalitis:two cases with atypical
      presentation.
AB  - From 1972 to 2002, we diagnosed and treated 22 cases of subacute sclerosing
      panencephalitis. We report on two pediatric patients with fulminant subacute
      sclerosing panencephalitis who had atypical clinical manifestations. In both
      patients diagnosis was confirmed by elevated titers of CSF and serum antimeasles
      antibodies. Patient 1 presented with behavioral disorder, dysarthria, and drop
      attacks, while Patient 2 presented with partial complex seizures. Mental
      difficulties, personality changes, or myoclonus were not noticed in Patient 2. In
      both our patients stage I was not prominent, and stage II was of shortened
      duration. In spite of treatment with isoprinosine and interferon-alpha, both our
      patients deteriorated rapidly and died 2.5 and 4 months, respectively, after the
      onset of neurologic symptoms. Both atypical presentation and rapid clinical
      course observed in our patients could cause problems in making final diagnosis of
      subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Therefore, subacute sclerosing
      panencephalitis should be included in differential diagnosis of acute unexplained
      encephalopathic diseases.

PMID- 13679126
TI  - Bilateral cerebrovascular accidents in incontinentia pigmenti.
AB  - Incontinentia Pigmenti is an X-linked dominant neurocutaneous disorder with
      central nervous system manifestations in 30% of cases, including seizures and
      mental retardation. Ischemic or hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accidents have been
      reported rarely in incontinentia pigmenti. Chart review and literature search was
      performed following identification of the index case. We describe a patient with
      incontinentia pigmenti who developed bilateral cerebrovascular accidents in the
      neonatal period, with resultant severe neurologic sequelae. This is the second
      reported case of bilateral cerebrovascular accidents in a patient with
      incontinentia pigmenti. This finding may be secondary to cerebrovascular
      anomalies, similar to those observed in the retina. Recognition of
      cerebrovascular accidents as a complication of incontinentia pigmenti will
      hopefully lead to earlier recognition and treatment.

PMID- 13679127
TI  - Herpes simplex encephalitis and radiotherapy.
AB  - The pathogenesis underlying the reactivation of latent herpes simplex virus
      remains undefined. This article presents the case of a 15-year-old male who
      developed herpes simplex encephalitis, as proven by a positive cerebrospinal
      fluid polymerase chain reaction and supported by magnetic resonance imaging
      findings during radiotherapy for pontine glioma. The temporal relation of
      radiotherapy to the occurrence of herpes simplex encephalitis suggests that
      cranial irradiation may play a role in the reactivation of latent herpes simplex
      virus. This finding suggests that herpes simplex encephalitis should be a part of
      the differential diagnosis of acute neurologic decline in patients undergoing
      cranial radiotherapy.

PMID- 13679128
TI  - Peroneal neuropathy from ankle-foot orthoses.
AB  - Mononeuropathies are uncommon in childhood but can be a cause of significant
      disability. A considerable proportion of pediatric peroneal palsies arise as
      iatrogenic complications of casting, footboards, and intraoperative positioning.
      This article provides a description of a patient who developed bilateral peroneal
      palsies after cardiac transplantation. Factors predisposing this patient to
      neuropathy included hemophilia and prolonged immobilization, with focal
      involvement of the peroneal nerves being likely related to the use of ankle-foot
      orthoses. Peroneal nerve palsies are a significant, but potentially avoidable,
      iatrogenic complication of lower-extremity orthoses.

PMID- 13679129
TI  - Transient parkinsonism in bilateral striopallidodentate calcinosis.
AB  - A normally developed 12-year-old female drank a cup of tea and could not sleep
      that night. The next morning, symptoms suggestive of parkinsonism developed,
      including progressive rigidity, akinesia, and a mask-like face. These signs
      lasted for 10 days. Brain computed tomography revealed multiple calcification,
      and thus she was diagnosed as having bilateral striopallidodentate calcinosis.
      Patients with bilateral striopallidodentate calcinosis exhibit various movement
      disorders. However, there have been no reports of transient parkinsonism
      associated with bilateral striopallidodentate calcinosis, including in children.

PMID- 13679130
TI  - Onset of generalized seizures after intrathecal interferon therapy of SSPE.
AB  - An 11-year-old male was admitted with inability to walk and speech abnormality.
      He was diagnosed with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis on the basis of
      clinical and laboratory findings. Therapy with inosiplex (100 mg/kg/day orally)
      plus intrathecal interferon-alpha (3 million units/dose twice per week) and
      ribavirin (15 mg/kg/day orally) was initiated. Ribavirin was given orally because
      of a lack of parenteral form in our country. During follow-up, he complained
      about fever and widespread body pains after intrathecal therapy. On the sixth
      month of follow-up, generalized tonic-clonic seizures, associated with high
      fever, and lasting approximately 1-2 minutes occurred about 6 hours after giving
      interferon-alpha. Four days after the first seizures, a similar seizure attack
      reoccurred after intrathecal IFN-alpha. An antiepileptic agent was not
      administered because electroencephalogram results did not indicate epileptic
      discharges. At the current time, he is in the ninth month of follow-up and
      remains seizure-free. In conclusion, our case demonstrated that standard dose
      intrathecal interferon-alpha might cause seizures in children. We think that this
      unfortunate condition was more common in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
      children treated with intrathecal interferon-alpha.

PMID- 13679132
TI  - Binaural interaction in the human auditory cortex revealed by neuromagnetic
      frequency tagging: no effect of stimulus intensity.
AB  - Frequency tagging of magnetoencephalographic signals was recently introduced as a
      new tool to study binaural interaction in the human auditory cortex [Fujiki et
      al., J. Neurosci. 22 (2002) RC205]. As the method has potential value for
      assessing brain plasticity in patients with unilateral hearing deficits, we
      studied binaural interaction in 10 healthy adults at different intensity levels.
      Cortical steady-state fields were measured with a 306-channel whole-scalp
      neuromagnetometer to amplitude-modulated sounds (carrier frequency 1 kHz),
      presented monaurally or binaurally at 45, 60 and 75 dB SL. The modulation
      frequencies were 39.1 Hz for the right ear and 41.1 Hz for the left. During
      binaural stimulation, the ipsilateral responses were suppressed more than the
      contralateral ones in both hemispheres, and the hemispheric balance shifted
      towards the contralateral hemisphere for inputs from both ears. The patterns of
      binaural interaction were similar at all three stimulus intensities. These data
      could be useful in examining patients who suffer from auditory disorders as well
      as in revealing basic mechanism of human auditory processing.

PMID- 13679133
TI  - The origin of SFOAE microstructure in the guinea pig.
AB  - Human stimulus-frequency otoacoustic emissions (SFOAEs) evoked by low-level
      stimuli have previously been shown to have properties consistent with such
      emissions arising from a linear place-fixed reflection mechanism with SFOAE
      microstructure thought to be due to a variation in the effective reflectance with
      position along the cochlea [Zweig and Shera, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 98 (1995) 2018
      2047]. Here we report SFOAEs in the guinea pig obtained using a nonlinear
      extraction paradigm from the ear-canal recording that show amplitude and phase
      microstructure akin to that seen in human SFOAEs. Inverse Fourier analysis of the
      SFOAE spectrum indicates that SFOAEs in the guinea pig are a stimulus level
      dependent mix of OAEs arising from linear-reflection and nonlinear-distortion
      mechanisms. Although the SFOAEs are dominated by OAE generated by a linear
      reflection mechanism at low and moderate stimulus levels, nonlinear distortion
      can dominate some part of, or all of, the emission spectrum at high levels.
      Amplitude and phase microstructure in the guinea pig SFOAE is evidently a
      construct of (i). the complex addition of nonlinear-distortion and linear
      reflection components; (ii). variation in the effective reflectance with position
      along the cochlea; and perhaps (iii). the complex addition of multiple intra
      cochlear reflections.

PMID- 13679134
TI  - Age-related synaptic changes in the anteroventral cochlear nucleus of Fischer-344
      rats.
AB  - Previous studies have demonstrated age-related decreases in the transmitters
      glycine and glutamate in the cochlear nucleus (CN) of the Fischer-344 (F344) rat,
      along with declining levels of binding for glycine receptors. The purpose of this
      study was to evaluate structural correlates to the transmitter and receptor
      losses that accompany aging in the anteroventral CN (AVCN). Thin sections were
      obtained from the middle-frequency area of the right AVCNs from five 3-month-,
      four 19-month-, and five 28-month-old F344 rats. Montages were constructed from
      electron micrographs taken of several sites in each AVCN section. The presynaptic
      terminals were classified by vesicle type and postsynaptic target, and their
      perimeters and synaptic lengths were traced using morphometry software. The
      calibers of all dendritic profiles were also measured, and cell counts were
      performed on semi-thin sections. The data were compared among the three age
      groups using analysis of variance followed by Tukey's Honestly Significant
      Difference for pairwise comparisons. There were significant age-related decreases
      in the size of terminals contacting small-caliber (<2 microm) dendrites.
      Dendrites of this size comprised the largest percentage of dendrites in the AVCN.
      On these targets, round and pleomorphic-vesicle terminals were reduced in volume
      by nearly 44% and 24%, respectively, in 28-month olds when compared to the 3
      month olds. On the other hand, the densities and numbers of synaptic terminals
      and dendritic profiles did not differ among age groups, and no neuronal losses
      were evident in the older animals. Also, there were no detectable changes in
      synaptic area among groups. The decrease in terminal size may be related to age
      associated reductions in neurotransmitter levels previously described in the F344
      CN. The observations presented here contrast with those previously described in
      the inferior colliculus (IC), in which there were significant age-related losses
      of synaptic terminals and dendrites, but no change in the size of synaptic
      terminals. The lack of synaptic and dendritic losses suggests that the structural
      connectivity of the rat AVCN remains relatively intact during aging, which is
      interesting in light of the synaptic and dendritic changes evident in the IC, a
      major target of its projections.

PMID- 13679135
TI  - The functional age of hearing loss in a mouse model of presbycusis. II.
      Neuroanatomical correlates.
AB  - This report relates patterns of age-related outer hair cell (OHC) loss to
      auditory behavioral deficits in C57BL/6J mice. Hair cell counts were made from
      serial sections of the cochlear partition in three subject groups representing
      young (2-3 months), middle (8-9 months), and old ages (12-13 months). The
      cochlear location of OHC counts was determined from three-dimensional
      computerized reconstructions of the serial sections. Comparisons of the
      topographic distribution of surviving OHCs across the subject groups confirmed an
      orderly base-to-apex progression of cochlear degeneration that is well known in
      this mouse strain. All mice appeared to follow the same progression of OHC loss,
      although subjects showed considerable variation in the rate at which they
      advanced through a uniform sequence of structural changes. Behavioral
      implications of the magnitude and location of OHC loss were investigated by
      correlating the histological status of individual mice with sound detection
      thresholds from the same subjects [Hear. Res. 183 (2003) 44-56]. The analysis
      revealed regionalized patterns of OHC loss that were correlated with frequency
      dependent changes in hearing thresholds, and validates the use of 'functional
      age' as an indicator of age-related cochlear degeneration and dysfunction. In the
      absence of physiologically defined cochlear frequency maps for C57BL/6J mice,
      these structure-function correlation techniques offer an alternative approach for
      linking anatomical results to hearing abilities.

PMID- 13679136
TI  - Auditory nerve fibre responses to salicylate revisited.
AB  - Ototoxicity of salicylate is accompanied by a temporary hearing loss and tinnitus
      and has therefore been used to study tinnitus in animal models. Salicylate
      induced elevated central auditory activity has been interpreted as a correlate of
      tinnitus. Whether this elevated activity in the central auditory system is due to
      an increased activity in the auditory nerve is still under discussion. To explore
      this issue, we recorded the activity of single auditory nerve fibres in
      anaesthetised gerbils following systemic injection of salicylic acid. Firstly,
      compound action potential (CAP) thresholds were determined at 5-0 min intervals.
      Fifteen to 30 min after 200 mg/kg salicylic acid, threshold loss developed in the
      high frequency range. At 2 h CAP threshold loss reached a plateau amounting to 15
      20 dB above 16 kHz, 0-5 dB below 2 kHz. An almost immediate start of threshold
      loss was observed after 400 mg/kg salicylic acid. A plateau of threshold loss was
      reached after 1.5 h with values of 25 dB in the high, 5-10 dB in the low
      frequency range. Secondly, responses of single auditory nerve fibres were studied
      after administration of 200 mg/kg salicylic acid. Frequency tuning curves and
      rate intensity (RI) functions at characteristic frequency (CF) were measured. Two
      hours and more after application, single fibre thresholds were elevated by about
      20 dB at all CFs. Sharpness of tuning was reduced. Mean spontaneous rate was
      significantly reduced at CFs below 5 kHz (mean: 44 vs 28 AP/s). At CFs above 5
      kHz mean spontaneous rate remained unchanged. In RI functions no change in
      maximum discharge rate was observed. The altered response properties can be
      interpreted by the known effects of salicylate on the prestin mediated active
      process of the outer hair cells. The elevated activity in the central auditory
      system after salicylate intoxication thus cannot be caused by cochlear nerve
      hyperactivity.

PMID- 13679137
TI  - The functional age of hearing loss in a mouse model of presbycusis. I. Behavioral
      assessments.
AB  - Presbycusis is a common form of hearing loss that progresses from high to low
      frequencies with advancing age. C57BL/6J mice experience a rapid progression of
      presbycusis-like hearing deficits and thus provide a convenient animal model for
      evaluating behavioral, physiological and anatomical correlates of the disorder.
      Previous studies of C57BL/6J mice have relied on short-term observations of age
      matched subject groups to reconstruct a time course for auditory pathologies.
      Such statistical approaches are weakened by the variability of hearing thresholds
      in young mice and the inconsistent timing of degenerative effects in older mice.
      The present study was designed to resolve these ambiguities by tracking the
      hearing abilities of individual C57BL/6J mice from age 16 weeks until the onset
      of hearing loss in specific listening conditions. Testing at frequencies of 8 and
      16 kHz in quiet confirmed the high-to-low frequency progression that is
      characteristic of presbycusis. Often the hearing loss developed in two phases,
      one gradual and the other abrupt. Testing in noise revealed deficits that were
      first manifested as threshold instability and then an increased susceptibility to
      masking. These changes occurred before hearing loss in quiet. CBA/CaJ mice did
      not show significant loss during a similar period of observation. Our findings
      provide a well-ordered chronology for isolating the functional consequences of
      multiple cochlear pathologies that arise during the time course of presbycusis.
      This neurobehavioral assessment is termed the functional age of hearing loss.
      Neuroanatomical assessments of behaviorally characterized C57BL/6J mice are
      presented in the companion paper [Hear. Res. 183 (2003) 29-36].

PMID- 13679138
TI  - The effects of early bilateral deafening on calretinin expression in the dorsal
      cochlear nucleus of aged CBA/CaJ mice.
AB  - The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that calretinin (CR) levels in
      the aged mouse auditory brainstem depend upon hearing ability. Old animals with
      good hearing, and thus higher sound-evoked activity levels, were predicted to
      have higher levels of CR immunoreactivity than old animals with hearing loss. CR
      immunoreactivity was analyzed in the deep layer (layer III) of the dorsal
      cochlear nucleus (DCN) in CBA/CaJ mice that were bilaterally deafened at 3 months
      of age with kanamycin, and then aged until 24 months. This manipulation partially
      mimics the lack of sound-evoked auditory activity experienced by old C57BL/6J
      mice, who are deaf at 24 months of age (but show residual hearing at 15 months)
      and have lower levels of CR immunoreactivity than old CBA mice with normal
      hearing [Hear. Res. 158 (2001) 131]. Cell counts revealed that the density of CR+
      cells in DCN layer III of the deafened CBA mice was statistically different from
      old intact CBA mice raised under identical conditions. Old deafened CBAs showed a
      decline of 47% in the mean density of CR+ cells compared to old hearing CBAs,
      thus supporting the hypothesis. Interestingly, while there tended to be fewer CR+
      cells in the old deaf C57s as compared to young C57s and young and old CBAs with
      normal hearing, the difference was not statistically significant. It is possible
      that the residual hearing of C57 mice at 15 months may provide sufficient
      auditory input to maintain CR at levels higher than CBA mice that are deafened
      completely at 3 months of age, and are profoundly deaf for a much longer time (21
      months).

PMID- 13679139
TI  - A nitrergic projection from the superior olivary complex to the inferior
      colliculus of the rat.
AB  - The present study was conducted to test whether the ascending auditory projection
      from the superior olivary complex (SOC) of the brainstem to the inferior
      colliculus (IC) may use nitric oxide (NO) as a neuroactive compound. We
      identified olivo-collicular projection neurons in subnuclei of the SOC by
      retrograde neuronal tracing with Fluoro-Gold (FG) injected into the central
      nucleus of the IC. Sections containing retrograde labelled neurons were subjected
      to immunohistochemical incubation in an antiserum directed against the enzyme
      responsible for NO production in nerve cells, neuronal NO synthase (nNOS). The
      analysis showed that FG-containing neurons as well as nNOS-immunoreactive neurons
      were present in the lateral superior olive (LSO), superior paraolivary nucleus
      (SPO), ventral nucleus of the trapezoid body (VNTB), medial superior olive (MSO)
      and in dorsal and ventral periolivary regions to different amounts. However, only
      in the LSO, SPO and VNTB double-labelled neurons were found. They made up to less
      than 10% of all nNOS neurons in the SOC. Considering that only about 5% of the
      nNOS cells in the SOC are olivocochlear neurons [Riemann and Reuss, 1999], it is
      still open whether the majority of nitrergic neurons of the SOC project to other
      sites or whether they rather have intrinsic actions in providing NO to the SOC.

PMID- 13679140
TI  - Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 in the cochlea of newborn rats.
AB  - Hypoxia/ischemia is a major pathogenetic factor in the development of hearing
      loss. An important transcription factor involved in the signaling and adaptation
      to hypoxia/ischemia is the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1). To study HIF-1
      expression we used an in vitro hypoxia model of explant and dissociated cultures
      of the stria vascularis, the organ of Corti with limbus and the modiolus from the
      cochlea of 3-5-day-old Wistar rats. Hypoxia differentially increased HIF-1
      activity as measured by a reporter gene. Twenty-four hour hypoxia increased HIF-1
      activity 14.1+/-3.5-fold in the modiolus, 9.4+/-3.0-fold in the organ of Corti
      with limbus, and 6.4+/-1.5-fold in the stria vascularis. The HIF-1alpha mRNA
      level was measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain
      reaction and showed a lower expression in the modiolus (1.3+/-0.2 pg/microg RNA)
      than in both the organ of Corti with limbus and the stria vascularis (2.7-3.2+/
      1.3, P<0.01). Hypoxia had no effect on the HIF-1alpha mRNA levels. The region
      specific regulation of HIF-1 expression on the transcriptional and
      posttranslational levels may expand the possibilities for adaptation of the
      cochlea to hypoxia.

PMID- 13679141
TI  - Immunohistochemical localization of urea transporters A and B in the rat cochlea.
AB  - Urea is present in the inner ear, and when it is administered, induces rapid
      changes in the volume and osmolality of the inner ear fluid. However, the
      regulating mechanisms are unknown. Two groups of urea transporters (UTs), the
      renal urea transporter (UT-A) and the erythrocyte urea transporter (UT-B) have
      been cloned recently. The aims of the current study were to investigate the
      cellular localization of UTs in the cochlea of male Sprague-Dawley rats by
      immunohistochemistry. Both UT-A1 and UT-B were expressed in the inner and outer
      pillar cells, inner and outer hair cells, Boettcher's cells, and Deiters' cells
      in the organ of Corti. Immunoreactivity for UT-A3 was localized only in the
      mesothelial cells underlying the basilar membrane. In the stria vascularis, UT-A1
      was expressed only in the marginal cells, whereas UT-B was expressed only in the
      basal cells. In the spiral ganglion, most cells had strong UT-A1 immunoreactivity
      whereas UT-B was not expressed. In the spiral limbus, UT-B was expressed in the
      interdental cells whereas UT-A was not expressed. In the crista ampullaris, UT-A1
      was expressed in the dark cells, and UT-B expressed in the apical membrane of
      supporting cells in the neuroepithelium. The distribution of UT-A and UT-B in the
      inner ear suggests that the cells that surround the inner ear fluids may be
      involved in urea transport and thus play an important role in fluid homeostasis
      in the inner ear. The expression of UT-A and UT-B in the hair cells raises the
      possibility that UTs may be involved in volume regulation in these cells and
      mediate hair cell turgor.

PMID- 13679142
TI  - Purinergic receptors in auditory neurotransmission.
AB  - The effects of ATP (adenosine 5' triphosphate) analogs on gross cochlear
      potentials and single primary afferent discharge properties were studied by
      intracochlear perfusion in anesthetized guinea pigs. ATP-gamma-S was most potent,
      with betagammamethylene-ATP and Bz-ATP being significantly less effective. These
      data are consistent with the notion that purinergic receptors activated by scala
      tympani perfusion contain subunits of the P2X(2) variant. The relative
      ineffectiveness of Bz-ATP (a P2X(7) agonist) suggests that while this variant has
      been reported to be expressed in the cochlea, it may not play a major functional
      role under normal conditions. Changes in the threshold of the gross DC receptor
      potential (summating potential, SP) and the compound action potential (CAP) were
      consistent with a combination of effects on both early and final stages of the
      transduction process, as reported by previous workers. Effects of ATP-gamma-S on
      single-neuron spontaneous firing rates varied according to the initial
      spontaneous rate of each primary afferent. Effects on single-neuron tuning curves
      were consistent with an action mainly on the outer hair cell transduction with
      betagammamethylene-ATP (elevation of tuning curve tips), but with ATP-gamma-S
      changes in sensitivity across the full extent of the tuning curve indicated an
      additional action on inner hair cell-afferent neurotransmission. In agreement
      with previous reports on ATP-gamma-S, it was found that all ATP analogs produced
      significant increases in the DC potential in scala media (endocochlear potential,
      EP). However, the relationship between changes in EP (a major component of the
      driving force on ions through hair cells) and the alterations in gross and single
      unit measures of cochlear activity was not clear.

PMID- 13679143
TI  - Intracortical microstimulation induced changes in spectral and temporal response
      properties in cat auditory cortex.
AB  - Intracortical microstimulation (ICMS), consisting of a 40 ms burst (rate 300 Hz)
      of 10 microA pulses, repetitively administered once per second, for a total
      duration of 1 h, induced cortical reorganization in the primary auditory cortical
      field of the anesthetized cat. Multiple single-unit activity was simultaneously
      recorded from three to nine microelectrodes. Spiking activity was recorded from
      the same units prior to and following the application of ICMS in conjunction with
      tone pips at the characteristic frequency (CF) of the stimulus electrode. ICMS
      produced a significant increase in the mean firing rate, and in the occurrence of
      burst activity. There was an increase in the cross-correlation coefficient (R)
      for unit pairs recorded from sites distant from the ICMS site, and a decrease in
      R for unit pairs that were recorded at the stimulation site. ICMS induced a shift
      in the CF, dependent on the difference between the baseline CF and the ICMS
      paired tone pip frequency. ICMS also resulted in broader tuning curves, increased
      driven peak firing rate and reduced response latency. This suggests a lasting
      reduction in inhibition in a small region surrounding the ICMS site that allows
      expansion of the frequency range normally represented in the vicinity of the
      stimulation electrode.

PMID- 13679144
TI  - Hyperpolarization-activated (I(h)) conductances affect brainstem auditory neuron
      excitability.
AB  - Blockade of the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic-nucleotide-gated mixed
      cationic conductance (I(h)) by ZD7288 markedly reduces excitability of neurons in
      the superior olivary complex (SOC), in vivo. Following pressure ejection
      application of 100 microM ZD7288, extracellular recorded single unit responses of
      47/47 SOC neurons to monaural or binaural pure tone best frequency (BF) stimuli
      (30 dB above threshold) decreased by 49.7+/-19%, and background activity
      decreased by 56.3+/-18.1%. Pressure ejection of the vehicle did not affect
      excitability. The dose- and time-dependence of ZD7288 (10-100 microM) effects are
      consistent with specific blockade of I(h) currents. SOC neuron responses to
      pressure-ejected glutamate were also decreased following application of 100
      microM ZD7288 by 76.7+/-28.0%, which suggests a predominant direct effect of
      ZD7288 on auditory cell excitability. The considerable variability in the
      magnitude of ZD7288 effects between cells was only partially accounted for by
      greater effects on neurons with BFs greater than 16 kHz. Therefore, I(h) channels
      significantly contribute to auditory brainstem neuron excitability, affecting
      their response level to acoustic stimuli. The variability in the ZD7288 reduction
      in excitability and its variation with the BF of units could be an indication of
      regulation and plasticity in neuronal encoding of sounds.

PMID- 13679145
TI  - Changes in spontaneous neural activity immediately after an acoustic trauma:
      implications for neural correlates of tinnitus.
AB  - Changes in spontaneous activity, recorded over 15-min periods before, immediately
      after and within hours after an acute acoustic trauma, were studied in primary
      auditory cortex of ketamine-anesthetized cats. We focused on the spontaneous
      firing rate (SFR), the peak cross-correlation coefficient (rho) and burst-firing
      activity. Multi-units (MUs) were grouped according to characteristic frequency
      (CF): MUs with a CF below the trauma-tone frequency (TF) were labeled as Be,
      those with a CF within 1 octave above the TF were labeled as Ab1 and those with a
      CF more than 1 octave above the TF were labeled as Ab2. Immediately after the
      trauma, the SFR was not significantly changed. The percentage of time that
      neurons were bursting, the mean burst duration, the number of spikes per burst
      and the mean inter-spike interval in a burst were enhanced. rho was locally
      increased in the Ab1-Ab2 and Ab2-Ab2 groups. A few hours post trauma, the SFR was
      increased in the Be and Ab2 groups, whereas burst-firing returned to pre-exposure
      levels. Moreover, rho was elevated in the Be-Ab2, Ab1-Ab2 and Ab2-Ab2 groups;
      this increase was significantly correlated to the changes in SFR. The results are
      discussed in the context of a neural correlate of tinnitus.

PMID- 13679146
TI  - Biological functions of translesion synthesis proteins in vertebrates.

PMID- 13679147
TI  - Association of XRCC1 and tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase (Tdp1) for the repair of
      topoisomerase I-mediated DNA lesions.
AB  - DNA topoisomerase I (Top1) is converted into a cellular poison by camptothecin
      (CPT) and various endogenous and exogenous DNA lesions. In this study, we used X
      ray repair complementation group 1 (XRCC1)-deficient and XRCC1-complemented EM9
      cells to investigate the mechanism by which XRCC1 affects the cellular responses
      to Top1 cleavage complexes induced by CPT. XRCC1 complementation enhanced
      survival to CPT-induced DNA lesions produced independently of DNA replication.
      CPT-induced comparable levels of Top1 cleavage complexes (single-strand break
      (SSB) and DNA-protein cross-links (DPC)) in both XRCC1-deficient and XRCC1
      complemented cells. However, XRCC1-complemented cells repaired Top1-induced DNA
      breaks faster than XRCC1-deficient cells, and exhibited enhanced tyrosyl DNA
      phosphodiesterase (Tdp1) and polynucleotide kinase phosphatase (PNKP) activities.
      XRCC1 immunoprecipitates contained Tdp1 polypeptide, and both Tdp1 and PNKP
      activities, indicating a functional connection between the XRCC1 single-strand
      break repair pathway and the repair of Top1 covalent complexes by Tdp1 and PNKP.

PMID- 13679148
TI  - ATP-dependent selection between single nucleotide and long patch base excision
      repair.
AB  - DNA base excision repair (BER) constitutes a major mechanism to restore the
      integrity of the genome following modifications of nucleobases. Although it is
      well established that poly(ADP-ribosylation) facilitates BER, the mechanism of
      this stimulation has remained unknown. Previous observations suggested that
      poly(ADP-ribose), which is synthesised from NAD(+), could serve as a unique
      source of ATP required for the ligation step in BER. This pathway of ATP
      generation is thought to compensate ATP shortage and relies on the release of
      pyrophosphate during DNA repair synthesis. Here, we present evidence that, in
      situations of cellular energy depletion, the synthesis of poly(ADP-ribose) is
      indeed stimulated. Simultaneously, single nucleotide repair is reduced. Rather,
      the number of nucleotides incorporated by DNA polymerase beta (Pol beta) during
      DNA repair synthesis is increased. Using a reconstituted system including the
      recombinant BER proteins Pol beta, AP endonuclease 1 (APE 1), X-ray repair cross
      complementing group-1 (XRCC1), DNA ligase III (Lig III), flap endonuclease 1 (FEN
      1), and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), it is demonstrated that in the
      absence of ATP, both long patch DNA synthesis by Pol beta and poly(ADP
      ribosylation) catalysed by PARP-1 are stimulated. Consequently, the preferred use
      of either long patch or single nucleotide BER depends on the availability of ATP.
      It is proposed that long patch BER is required for ATP generation from poly(ADP
      ribose) and, therefore, predominant under conditions of ATP shortage.

PMID- 13679149
TI  - Down modulation of topoisomerase I affects DNA repair efficiency.
AB  - Topoisomerase I (topo I) relaxes supercoiled DNA through a breakage/rejoining
      reaction which involves a transient covalent bond between topo I and the 3' end
      of the cleaved DNA strand. Topo I activity is now shown to be involved in DNA
      damage/repair pathway in vivo. Down regulating topo I levels using anti-sense RNA
      approach inhibits repair of UV-induced DNA lesions, negatively affects clonogenic
      survival following UV-irradiation, and reduces the formation of repair patches at
      the cytological level. Finally, topo I is actively recruited onto genomic DNA
      following DNA damage by UV light without inducing ubiquitin-dependent degradation
      of topo I. Thus, topo I activity is important, possibly required, for pre- or
      post-DNA damage processing in nucleotide excision repair (NER).

PMID- 13679150
TI  - The Rad52-Rad59 complex interacts with Rad51 and replication protein A.
AB  - The RAD52 gene is essential for homology-dependent repair of double-strand breaks
      in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Rad52 forms complexes with Rad51, replication
      protein A (RPA) or Rad59 and its presence is essential for the formation of Rad51
      Rad52-Rad59 and RPA-Rad52-Rad59 complexes. The N-terminal region of Rad52, which
      is required for self-interaction to form a ring structure, is required for
      interaction with Rad59. Rad59 also shows self-interaction suggesting the
      formation of heteromeric and homomeric rings of Rad52 and Rad59. In wild-type
      cells, we propose the Rad51-Rad52-Rad59 complex is involved in conservative
      recombination events, including gene conversion and reciprocal recombination,
      whereas the Rad52-Rad59 complex participates in single-strand annealing.

PMID- 13679151
TI  - Roles of MGMT and MLH1 proteins in alkylation-induced apoptosis and mutagenesis.
AB  - To examine involvement of mismatch repair system in alkylation-induced apoptosis
      and mutagenesis, cell lines defective in the Mgmt gene encoding a DNA repair
      enzyme, O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase, and/or the Mlh1 gene encoding a
      protein involved in mismatch repair were established from gene-targeted mice.
      Mgmt(-/-) cells are hypersensitive to the killing effect of N-methyl-N
      nitrosourea (MNU) and this effect of MNU was overcome by introducing an
      additional mutation in the Mlh1 gene. Mgmt(-/-)Mlh1(-/-) cells are more resistant
      to MNU than are wild-type cells. When the human Mgmt cDNA sequence with a strong
      promoter was introduced, the wild-type cells acquired the same high level of
      resistance to MNU as that of Mgmt(-/-)Mlh1(-/-) cells. Although no apparent
      increase in MNU-induced mutant frequency was observed in such methyltransferase
      overproducing wild-type cells, mutant frequency of Mgmt(-/-)Mlh1(-/-) cells
      became 10-fold higher after being treated with MNU. Mgmt(-/-)Mlh1(+/-) cells
      carrying approximately half the normal level of MLH1 protein showed a normal
      level of spontaneous mutant frequency, yet were still highly responsive to the
      mutagenic effect of the alkylating carcinogen. This haploinsufficient character
      of Mlh1 mutation was also observed in cell survival assays; Mgmt(-/-)Mlh1(+/-)
      cells were as resistant to MNU as were Mgmt(-/-)Mlh1(-/-) cells. While caspase-3
      was induced in Mgmt(-/-)Mlh1(+/+) cells after treatment with MNU, no induction
      occurred in Mgmt(-/-)Mlh1(+/-) cells or in Mgmt(-/-)Mlh1(-/-) cells. The cellular
      content of MLH1 protein seems to be critical for determining if damaged cells
      enter into either a death or mutation-inducing pathway. The haploinsufficient
      phenotype of Mlh1-heterozygous cells may be explained by competition in
      heterodimer formation between MLH1 homologues.

PMID- 13679152
TI  - The mutagenic potential of a single DNA double-strand break in a mammalian
      chromosome is not influenced by transcription.
AB  - In eukaryotes, DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are repaired by competing HR and
      non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathways. DSB repair by HR is highly accurate,
      while NHEJ can result in deletions and insertions. Transcription enhances certain
      DNA repair pathways and spontaneous homologous recombination (HR). As a means to
      promote accurate repair in active genes, we thought it possible that the balance
      between HR and NHEJ would be shifted toward HR in highly transcribed regions. We
      tested this idea by examining products of DSB repair in integrated neo-direct
      repeats under conditions of low-level constitutive, or high-level induced
      transcription regulated by the dexamethasone (Dex)-responsive mouse mammary tumor
      virus (MMTV) promoter. DSBs were introduced into one copy of neo by expressing I
      SceI nuclease, and DSB repair products were isolated and characterized with an
      efficient, non-selective assay. We found that transcription does not
      significantly change the relative frequencies of HR and NHEJ, the relative
      frequencies of sequence capture and gross chromosomal rearrangement, nor the
      average size of deletions. About one-third of DSB repair products showed large
      scale rearrangements, indicating that a single DSB in a mammalian chromosome has
      significant mutagenic potential.

PMID- 13679154
TI  - Comparative QSAR of the sulfonamide function.
AB  - The aromatic SO(2)NH(2) function has been characterized in biological reactions
      and in physical organic chemical reactions using the Hammett constant sigma, the
      Swain-Lupton parameter F and steric constants. The results allow comparable
      support for the biological processes from the much better understood mechanistic
      organic reactions. The approach is applied to the enzyme carbonic anhydrase and
      the rate of excretion of Na(+) by rats. From the study of QSAR on the ionization
      of the amide function, it is clearly apparent that it is the ionized form of
      SO(2)NH(2) that promotes the biological processes. It is clear from Fujita
      Nishioka proposal that, in dealing with ortho substituents, one should routinely
      test sigma, F and a steric parameter to account for substituent effects.

PMID- 13679155
TI  - Synthesis and antimycobacterial activity of (3,4-diaryl-3H-thiazol-2-ylidene)
      hydrazide derivatives.
AB  - [5-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-ylthio]acetic acid (3,4-diaryl-3H-thiazol-2
      ylidene)-hydrazide derivatives were synthesized and tested for their in vitro
      antimycobacterial activity. Some compounds showed an interesting activity against
      a strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H(37)Rv and three clinical isolates of M.
      tuberculosis.

PMID- 13679156
TI  - Quinoxaline chemistry. Part 16. 4-substituted anilino and 4-substituted
      phenoxymethyl pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines and N-[4-(pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalin-4
      yl)amino and hydroxymethyl]benzoyl glutamates. Synthesis and evaluation of in
      vitro biological activity.
AB  - Twenty eight pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines bearing at position 4 various
      substituents related to the moieties present in classical and non classical
      antifolic agents were prepared and evaluated in vitro for antiproliferative
      activity. In an in vitro screening performed at NCI, several compounds emerged as
      potent antiproliferative agents at concentrations ranging between 10 and 100
      microM. Interestingly, some of these compounds proved active also against bovine
      and murine DHFR (Farmaco 53 (1998) 480). More recently, a compound of classical
      antifolate type has been reported to be a potent inhibitor of hDHFR in vitro
      (Farmaco 58 (2003) 51). We then synthesized new derivatives that, in our hands,
      were endowed with in vitro antiproliferative activities as low as 3.4 microM
      against a panel of cell lines derived from hematological and solid tumours. In
      addition, a complete screening of cytotoxicity, antiretroviral HIV-1 and
      antimicrobial activity has been carried out.

PMID- 13679157
TI  - Synthesis and antagonistic activity at muscarinic receptor subtypes of some
      derivatives of diphenidol.
AB  - A series of new derivatives, related to diphenidol and to its 2-carbonyl
      analogue, were designed as antimuscarinic agents. The synthesized compounds were
      evaluated both as hydrochlorides and as methiodides by functional tests at guinea
      pig heart (M(2)), guinea-pig ileum (M(3)) and rabbit vas deferens (putative
      M(4)). Two derivatives (3a and 5a) showed an M(3)-selective profile similar to
      that of the reference compounds, though they resulted less potent.

PMID- 13679158
TI  - 3D QSAR studies for the beta-tubulin binding site of microtubule-stabilizing
      anticancer agents (MSAAs): a pseudoreceptor model for taxanes based on the
      experimental structure of tubulin.
AB  - The antimitotic agent paclitaxel continues to play an important role in the
      cancer chemotherapy. However, its inefficacy on certain resistant cells and toxic
      side effects have led to the search of new taxanes with improved biological
      activity. By means of a pseudoreceptor modeling approach, we have developed a
      binding site model for a series of taxanes. It is the first 3D QSAR model derived
      from the experimentally determined tubulin structure obtained by electron
      crystallography studies. The model is able to correlate quantitatively the
      structural properties of the studied compounds with their biological data.

PMID- 13679159
TI  - N-homolupinanoyl and N-(omega-lupinylthio)alkanoyl derivatives of some tricyclic
      systems as ligands for muscarinic M1 and M2 receptor subtypes.
AB  - A set of N-homolupinanoyl- and N-(omega-lupinylthio)alkanoyl derivatives of
      tricyclic systems (as phenothiazine, iminodibenzyl and
      dihydropyridobenzodiazepinone) has been prepared and tested for affinity for rat
      muscarinic M(1) and M(2) receptor subtypes labeled with [3H]pirenzepine and
      [3H]AF-DX 384. Good affinity for both M(1) and M(2) subtypes was displayed by
      most compounds, often with nanomolar K(i) values, which for lupinylthiopropionyl-
      and lupinylthiobutyryl-phenothiazines (13-16) were comparable to those of
      pirenzepine and methoctramine, respectively. However, only moderate selectivity
      for one or the other subtype was seen.

PMID- 13679160
TI  - Synthesis and vasodilating properties of N-alkylamide derivatives of 4-amino-3
      furoxancarboxylic acid and related azo derivatives.
AB  - A series of N-alkylamide derivatives of 4-amino-3-furoxancarboxylic acids 5a-11a
      and their oxidation products, the azo derivatives 5b-11b, were synthesised and
      studied for their vasodilating properties. All the products were able to release
      rat aorta strips precontracted with (-)noradrenaline. Azo derivatives proved to
      be 20-200 times more potent than the parent amines. The large variation of
      lipophilicity within the two series does not seem to influence significantly the
      activity. Experiments carried out in the presence of oxyhaemoglobin (HbO(2))
      suggest the involvement of nitric oxide (NO*) in the vasodilation.

PMID- 13679161
TI  - Synthesis and biological evaluation of new amino acids structurally related to
      the antitumor agent acivicin.
AB  - A set of racemic conformationally constrained analogues of the antitumor
      antibiotic acivicin (+)-1 has been prepared through a strategy based on 1,3
      dipolar cycloaddition of bromonitrile oxide to suitable dipolarophiles. The bromo
      analogue (2) of acivicin was also synthesized and tested as a reference compound,
      together with its stereoisomer 3. The antitumor properties of novel amino acids 4
      7 were evaluated in vitro against human tumor cell lines. Their efficacy to
      inhibit glutamate synthase (GltS) from Azospirillum brasilense was also assayed.
      None of the studied compounds, but 2, showed significant activity.

PMID- 13679162
TI  - Docking experiments showing similar recognition patterns of paclitaxel when
      interacting with different macromolecular targets.
AB  - Using the Protein Data Bank crystallographic model of paclitaxel with tubulin as
      reference, a comparative interaction study of the antitumor drug with known
      macromolecular targets such as beta-cyclodextrin and Dickerson's DNA dodecamer
      was carried out by molecular modeling techniques. AMBER* united atoms was found
      to be the most appropriate force field for our study. Conformational search of
      paclitaxel was performed using a water environment. A large set of conformers was
      selected for automatic "quasi-flexible" docking calculations performed by the "in
      house" software MOLINE. A proper docking protocol was based on a crystallographic
      model and validated by a remarkable low atomic coordinate deviation. Using this
      method, a similar pattern via benzamide interaction was established for molecular
      recognition of paclitaxel cyclodextrin and DNA. The results are supported by our
      previous observations and other author's experimental data.

PMID- 13679163
TI  - Ibuprofen quality control by electrochromatography.
AB  - The quality control of drugs is generally made by HPLC. This control could be
      made also by capillary electrochromatography (CEC). In this paper we report the
      analysis by CEC of ibuprofen, a well-known anti-inflammatory non steroidic drug,
      and some of its impurities. The analyses were performed in a 100-microm inner
      diameter (I.D.) fused silica capillary, packed with RP-18 stationary phase. The
      mobile phase was a mixture of 100 mM formic acid solution (pH 2.5), water and
      acetonitrile (ACN). The ACN percentage in the mobile phase and the applied
      voltage were carefully studied to well resolve the drug from each impurity. The
      results, obtained determining ibuprofen and related compounds by CEC, showed the
      selectivity and efficiency of the method.

PMID- 13679164
TI  - Synthesis and prostaglandin synthase inhibitory activity of new aromatic O
      alkyloxime ethers substituted with methylsulfonamido or methylsulfonyl groups on
      their aliphatic portion.
AB  - Some aromatic O-alkyloxime ethers substituted with methylsulfonamido (7) or
      methylsulfonyl (8) groups on their aliphatic portions were prepared as analogues
      of structurally related cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors (6) bearing a carboxylic
      group typical of the classic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in
      the place of the sulfurated moiety. In addition, also analogues of compounds 8 in
      which the aliphatic chain is further lengthened by 1 (9), 2 (10), or 3 (11)
      carbon atoms were synthesized. All compounds (7-11) were tested in vitro towards
      COX2, and compounds 7-9 towards COX1, by measuring prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2))
      production in activated J774.2 macrophages and U937 cell lines, respectively.
      While all new compounds were found to possess little or no activity on the COX2
      isoenzyme, some of these (7a-7d, 8a, 8d, 9e and 9f) appeared to possess an
      appreciable activity on COX1, with % inhibition values at a concentration of 1
      microM ranging from 30% of 8a to 76% of 9e. The COX1 selectivity of the new
      compounds was tentatively explained by means of a docking study of one of the
      more active compounds tested on both COX isoenzymes (7d), which indicated a
      different number of hydrogen bonding interactions with the Arg120 of the active
      sites of the two enzymes, and therefore, an energetically favored interaction
      (3.5 kcal/mol) with COX1, compared with COX2.

PMID- 13679165
TI  - 2-pyrrolidinone moiety is not critical for the cognition-enhancing activity of
      piracetam-like drugs.
AB  - Following the indications of previous work, 2-pyrrolidinone moiety of piracetam
      and piracetam-like compounds has been opened to the corresponding amide
      derivatives. As found previously in the case of 1,4-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-9
      one compounds, the cognition-enhancing activity of 2-pyrrolidinone compounds is
      maintained in most cases, suggesting that this moiety is not crucial for
      activity.

PMID- 13679166
TI  - Benzoazepine derivative as potent antagonists of the glycine binding site
      associated to the NMDA receptor.
AB  - A series of benzoazepine derivatives, bearing suitable substituents at the C-3
      position, was designed and evaluated by superimposition with the pharmacophore
      model of the glycine binding site. To fully explore the SAR of this class of
      compounds and to allow the preparation of new different compounds at the C-3
      position, appropriate synthetic routes were set up. The benzoazepines were
      evaluated in terms of in vitro affinity using [3H]glycine binding assay and in
      vivo potency by inhibition of convulsions induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)
      in mice. This further analysis confirmed the preliminary results previously
      reported and that compound 27 is the most promising compound (Ki=32 nM,
      ED(50)=0.09 mg/kg, i.v.) in this series. Significant neuroprotective effect was
      observed after both pre- and post-ischaemia administration in the MCAo model. In
      particular, after post-ischaemia administration, it was found to be still
      effective when the administration was delayed up to 6 h after occlusion of the
      middle cerebral artery.

PMID- 13679167
TI  - Synthesis and in vitro pharmacology of novel heterocyclic muscarinic ligands.
AB  - A set of novel heterocyclic ligands (7a-9a, 7b-9b, and 9c) structurally related
      to oxotremorine 2 was designed, synthesized, and tested at muscarinic receptor
      subtypes. In the binding experiments at cloned hm1-5, the presence of the 2
      methylimidazole/2-methyl-3-alkylimidazolium moiety in place of the pyrrolidine
      ring revealed, in derivatives 8a, 8b, and 9c, a moderate selectivity for some
      receptor subtypes. The functional in vitro assays yielded results that correlated
      closely to binding data. In general, on passing from agonists bearing the
      pyrrolidine moiety to their analogues carrying the 2-methylimidazole function,
      the overall pharmacological efficacy profile is shifted from agonism toward
      partial agonism. The insertion of the 2-methyl-3-alkylimidazolium moiety advances
      the effect such that the compounds are pure antagonists. Quite similarly, chiral
      3-oxo-Delta(2)-isoxazoline (+/-)-10 behaved as a weak antagonist unable to
      discriminate the different muscarinic receptor subtypes.

PMID- 13679168
TI  - Chromophore-modified bis-benzo[g]indole carboxamides: synthesis and
      antiproliferative activity of bis-benzo[g]indazole-3-carboxamides and related
      dimers.
AB  - Tricyclic pyrazole dimers that comprise two kinds of CONH-(CH(2))(n)-N(CH(3))
      (CH(2))(n)-NHCO bridges to which are linked potential DNA-intercalating groups
      such as 1H-benzo[g]indazole, 2H-benzo[g]indazole and 1,4-dihydroindeno[1,2
      c]pyrazole were designed, synthesized and some of them evaluated in vitro by NCI
      (Bethesda, USA) against nine types of cancer cells. Compounds 2a, 2f-i and 2o-r
      demonstrated significant antiproliferative activity, all with GI(50) values in
      the low micromolar range. Preliminary analysis of the structure-activity
      relationship for dimers 2 indicated that: (i) in the ground terms (2a and 2k)
      antitumor activities were strongly related to the type of chromophore, (ii) in
      contrast, either 1H-benzo[g]indazole- or 1,4-dihydroindeno[1,2-c]pyrazole-dimers
      when bore a N(1)-aryl group (2g, 2h, 2i, 2o, 2p, 2q and 2r) generally showed a
      good level of antitumor potency and (iii) for the most representative compounds
      (pairs of compounds: 2g,2h; 2o,2p and 2q,2r) the length of the bridges did not
      significantly contribute to the variations in cytotoxicity. Two members of this
      series, 2f and 2q, were selected and tested in the hollow fiber cell assay to
      evaluate in a preliminary fashion their in vivo antitumor activity. Finally,
      viscosity measurement of 2f with poly(dA-dT)(2), confirmed that these promising
      compounds behaved as typical DNA-intercalating agents.

PMID- 13679169
TI  - Synthesis of N-substituted-N-acylthioureas of 4-substituted piperazines endowed
      with local anaesthetic, antihyperlipidemic, antiproliferative activities and
      antiarrythmic, analgesic, antiaggregating actions.
AB  - Three series of N-acyl and N-cyclohexyl- or N-methyl or N-phenyl-thioureas of 4
      substituted (methyl, phenyl, 2-pyridyl)piperazines (4-12) were synthesised
      according to a highly convergent one-pot procedure and tested in vivo (local
      anaesthetic, anti-hyperlipoproteinemic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory,
      antiarrythmic activities) and in vitro (antiaggregating and, for some selected
      derivatives, antiproliferative activities) experiments. All the test compounds
      showed local anaesthesia in particular 4Ar(4), 5Ar(4), 12Ar(3) (after 5 min) and
      5Ar(2), 5Ar(3), 9Ar(4) (after 30 min) were equipotent to lidocaine. In lowering
      triglyceride levels, compounds 6Ar(4) and 7Ar(3) were more active than nicotinic
      acid, whereas 7Ar(4) and 11Ar(4) were approximately equipotent. As concerns
      analgesic activity, 5Ar(2) and 5Ar(4) were as active as indomethacin. Appreciable
      anti-inflammatory activity was found in 8Ar(1), 5Ar(2) and 11Ar(2), but inferior
      to that of indomethacin. High levels of antiarrythmic activity, comparable with
      that of quinidine, were found in derivatives 4Ar(2) and 10Ar(1). Compounds 4Ar(2)
      and 8Ar(2), assayed in antitumor in vitro screening system at National Cancer
      Institute (NCI), showed significant antiproliferative activity against ACHN cell
      line (GI50: 0.13 microM) and NCI-H226 cell line (GI50: 1.03 microM),
      respectively.

PMID- 13679170
TI  - Isolation and pharmacological activities of the Tecoma stans alkaloids.
AB  - Tecoma stans is a plant traditionally used in Mexico for the control of diabetes.
      Amongst the alkaloids isolated from the plant harvested in Egypt, Tecomine was
      shown to be one of the compounds responsible for the hypoglycemic action. Given
      the interest in substances able to treat type II diabetes, we isolated the main
      alkaloids present in the plant growing in Egypt and Brazil and tested them in
      vivo on db/db mice. Contrary to previous literature reports on different animal
      models, Tecomine was unable to modify glycemia; the only effect seen being a
      decrease in plasma cholesterol levels. On the contrary, when tested in vitro on
      glucose uptake in white adipocytes, the compound showed a marked effect. The two
      other alkaloids isolated, namely 5beta-Hydroxyskitanthine, early called Base C,
      and Boschniakine were inactive both in vivo and in vitro assays.

PMID- 13679171
TI  - Synthesis and activity of novel glutathione analogues containing an urethane
      backbone linkage.
AB  - The new GSH analogues H-Glo(-Ser-Gly-OH)-OH (5), its O-benzyl derivative 4, and H
      Glo(-Asp-Gly-OH)-OH (9), characterized by the replacement of central cysteine
      with either serine or aspartic acid, and containing an urethanic fragment as
      isosteric substitution of the scissile gamma-glutamylic junction, have been
      synthesized and characterized. Their ability to inhibit human GST P1-1 (hGST P1
      1) in comparison with H-Glu(-Ser-Gly-OH)-OH and H-Glu(-Asp-Gly-OH)-OH, which are
      potent competitive inhibitors of rat GST 3-3 and 4-4, has been evaluated. In
      order to further investigate the effect of the isosteric substitution on the
      binding abilities of the new GSH analogues 4, 5 and 9, the previously reported
      cysteinyl-containing analogue H-Glo(-Cys-Gly-OH)-OH has been also evaluated as a
      co-substrate for hGSTP1-1.

PMID- 13679172
TI  - 4-substituted 1,5-diarylpyrazole, analogues of celecoxib: synthesis and
      preliminary evaluation of biological properties.
AB  - A number of 5-aryl-1-[4-(methylsulfonyl)-phenyl]-1H-pyrazoles and 4-(5-aryl-1H
      pyrazol-1-yl)benzenesulfonamides 3, 4, 5, 6, analogues of the COX-2 selective
      inhibitor celecoxib (celebrex), were synthesized. In order to verify the effects
      on the biological properties of certain substituents put on position 4 of the
      pyrazole nucleus, some of these compounds were screened in vivo for their anti
      inflammatory and analgesic activities. Moreover, sodium salts of carboxylic acids
      4 were tested in vitro for their platelet anti-aggregating properties. The
      results of these preliminary biological assays showed that new derivatives are
      not endowed with improved anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, in
      comparison with celecoxib. In addition, docking studies were carried out on the
      most significative compounds to evaluate their interaction mode at the active
      site of both COX-1 and COX-2. Some remarks about the SAR of this class of COX
      inhibitors are drown out.

PMID- 13679173
TI  - Preliminary biological assay on cerebroside mixture from Euphorbia nicaeensis
      All. Isolation and structure determination of five glucocerebrosides.
AB  - Preliminary studies of in vitro cytostatic activity on less polar fraction of the
      MeOH extract of the plant Euphorbia nicaeensis All., carried out on KB cells,
      have evinced a relatively low ability of extract to inhibit cell growth.
      Successive, five glucocerebrosides were isolated from the cerebroside molecular
      species obtained from this extract using normal and reversed phase column 'flash
      chromatography'. The structures of these cerebrosides were determined on the
      basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidences. Mass spectrometry of dimethyl
      disulfide derivatives was useful for the determination of the double-bond
      positions in the long-chain bases.

PMID- 13679174
TI  - In vitro anti-acanthamoeba action by thioureidic derivatives.
AB  - The anti-amoebic power of a series of bis-thioureidic derivatives against amoeba,
      responsible for a serious form of keratitis of the cornea, has been analysed. The
      synthesis of these products is also described.

PMID- 13679175
TI  - Antioxidant activity of thioureidic derivatives I.
AB  - Recent developments in biomedical science have shown that free radicals are
      involved in many diseases. They attack the unsaturated fatty acids in the
      biomembrane resulting in membrane lipid peroxidation, which is strongly connected
      to aging, carcinogenesis and atherosclerosis. Free radicals also attack DNA and
      cause mutation leading to cancer. In addition lipid peroxidation is an important
      factor of deterioration in the processing and storage of food. Therefore, it is
      important to search for new effective radical scavengers (Sci. Rev. 2 (1997) 152;
      J. Nat. Prod. Rev. 63 (2000) 1035). In this manuscript we describe the
      antioxidant activity of new thioureidic compounds.

PMID- 13679176
TI  - Enzyme activities of tryptophan metabolism along the kynurenine pathway in
      various species of animals.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to investigate variations in the enzyme activities
      of the kynurenine pathway in various mammals (rabbit, mouse, rat, guinea-pig).
      Liver tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase, small intestine indole 2,3-dioxygenase, liver
      and kidney kynurenine 3-monooxygenase, kynureninase, kynurenine-oxoglutarate
      transaminase, 3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase and aminocarboxymuconate
      semialdehyde decarboxylase were analysed. Small intestine superoxide dismutase
      activity and free and total serum tryptophan were also measured. Liver tryptophan
      2,3-dioxygenase was present as both holoenzyme and apoenzyme only in rat, while
      in the other species only holoenzyme activity was observed. Also, small intestine
      indole 2,3-dioxygenase activity was more abundant in rat than in the other
      animals studied. The highest activity of small intestine superoxide dismutase was
      found in rat, and the lowest in rabbit. Liver and kidney kynurenine 3
      monooxygenase activity was very elevated and higher in mouse, followed by rat;
      rabbit showed the lowest activity. Kynureninase activity appeared to be much
      lower among the enzymes of the kynurenine pathway. However, guinea-pig showed
      higher activity in both liver and kidney in comparison with other species. With
      regard to kynurenine-oxoglutarate transaminase, all species examined here
      presented more abundant enzyme activity in kidney, the value being similar
      between rat and mouse. Guinea-pig was the animal with the lowest activity. 3
      Hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase showed the highest activity of all the
      enzymes evaluated in the study, but with different levels in liver and kidney,
      varying among species. The most elevated activity of aminocarboxymuconate
      semialdehyde decarboxylase was present in kidney of guinea-pig, and the lowest in
      rabbit. Serum concentrations of tryptophan were higher in rat, followed by mouse,
      rabbit and guinea-pig. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that the
      enzyme activities of the kynurenine pathway are very active in tissues of the
      four species of mammals investigated. The proposed method of in vitro enzyme
      determination represents a valid alternative to study of the tryptophan metabolic
      route.

PMID- 13679177
TI  - Determination of a novel angiotensin-AT1 antagonist CR 3210 in biological samples
      by HPLC.
AB  - A simple and sensitive method for the determination of a new angiotensin-AT(1)
      antagonist i.e. CR 3210, 4-[4-[(2-ethyl-5,7-dimethylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-3
      yl)methyl]phenyl]-3-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)quinoline, is described. The assay was
      utilised to describe the pharmacokinetic profile of the title compound after
      intravenous and intraperitoneal administration to Sprague Dawley rats. CR 3210
      and the internal standard CR 1505 (loxiglumide, 4-[(3,4-dichlorobenzoyl)amino-5
      [(3-methoxypropyl)pentylamino]-5-oxopentanoic acid) were isolated from rat plasma
      by solid-phase extraction. The sorbent extraction material along with the pH in
      the conditioning solution and the washing volume were considered pivotal
      parameters for the optimisation of the procedure. The separations were performed
      by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet
      detection. The samples were injected onto the analytical column (Tracer Extrasil
      ODS1) and detected at 238 nm, giving a retention time of 6.19 min for CR 3210 and
      4.39 min for the internal standard, respectively. The selectivity of the method
      showed to be satisfactory. The mean recovery of CR 3210 from spiked rat plasma
      was 80.3 at 1 microg/ml and 79.9 at 2 microg/ml. The lower limit of detection
      (LOD) was taken as 0.014 microg/ml in plasma samples. The lower limit of
      quantification (LOQ) was taken as 0.02 microg/ml, the lowest calibration standard
      using 500 microg rat plasma. The procedures were validated according to
      international standards with a good reproducibility and linear response from 0.02
      to 2 microg/ml. The sensitivity of the method allowed for its application to
      pharmacokinetic studies. The maximal concentration was detected 5' after the IV
      administration, whereas no significant absorption was evident after IP
      administration of CR 3210 to Sprague-Dawley rats. Our study suggests the absence
      of extensive bio-transformation of the drug in vivo, supported by the evidence
      that no metabolites were detected in plasma samples.

PMID- 13679178
TI  - 2-aryl-3-phenylamino-4,5-dihydro-2h-benz[g]indazoles with analgesic activity.
AB  - A series of 2-aryl-3-phenylamino-4,5-dihydro-2H-benz[g]indazoles was synthesized
      and tested for antiarrhythmic, local anaesthetic and analgesic activity. The
      title compounds showed a good antinociceptive activity.

PMID- 13679179
TI  - Towards new neuroprotective agents: design and synthesis of 4H-thieno[2,3-c]
      isoquinolin-5-one derivatives as potent PARP-1 inhibitors.
AB  - An excessive activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), a nuclear
      enzyme able to catalyze the transfer of ADP-ribose from NAD to acceptor proteins,
      is involved in the progression of neuronal damage after brain insult. Potent and
      selective PARP-1 inhibitors have neuroprotective properties in experimental
      models of brain ischemia. As a follow up of our previous structure-activity
      relationship study and in search for novel potent PARP-1 inhibitors, a series of
      4H-thieno[2,3-c]-isoquinolin-5-one derivatives was designed and synthesized.
      Tested for their ability to inhibit PARP-1, these novel derivatives showed high
      inhibitory potency. The unsubstituted derivative TIQ was selected for further
      characterization and found to be endowed with strong neuroprotective properties
      in models of cerebral ischemia.

PMID- 13679180
TI  - Synthesis of 3- or 4-phenyl-1,8-naphthyridine derivatives and evaluation of
      antimycobacterial and antimicrobial activity.
AB  - A series of 3- or 4-phenyl-1,8-naphthyridine derivatives variously substituted in
      the positions 2, 6 and 7 were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro evaluation
      for their antimycobacterial activity as part of a TAACF TB screening program
      under the direction of the US National Institute of Health, NIAID division.
      Several compounds showed an interesting activity when tested at a concentration
      of 6.25 microg/ml against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H(37)Rv and in particular
      compounds 2a, 4a,d, 8a,d and 8i, exhibit a % inhibition from 91 to 99. Among
      these, compounds 2a, 8a and 8d appeared to have a good activity with minimum
      inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 6.25 microg/ml. On the basis of the
      biological results, the most effective substituent in position 2 or 7 seems to be
      the piperidinyl group. The introduction of a morpholinyl group either in position
      2 or 7 of the heterocycle ring caused a decrease in activity. The 1,8
      naphthyridine derivatives were also tested in vitro for their antimicrobial
      activity against Staphylococcus aureus as Gram-positive bacteria and Escherichia
      coli as Gram-negative bacteria.

PMID- 13679181
TI  - Photostability studies on the furosemide-triamterene drug association.
AB  - The photostability of the diuretic drugs triamterene and furosemide, individually
      and combined, was evaluated. Spectrophotometric, spectrofluorimetric and
      chromatographic (HPLC) methods were applied to monitor the drug photodegradation.
      Furosemide was confirmed to be highly photolable in both pH 7.4 solution and
      methanol. Differently triamterene proved to be highly fluorescent (emission
      quantum yield: 0.9 in methanol and 0.8 in pH 7.4 solution), but essentially
      photostable (photochemical reaction quantum yield: congruent with 5 x 10(-4))
      under exposure at 365 and 313 nm radiations. When the combined drugs in pH 7.4
      solutions were exposed to 365 nm radiations a significant photoprotective effect
      of triamterene on furosemide was observed. The photoreactivity of the drugs was
      exploited to develop an HPLC method involving a post-column on-line photochemical
      derivatization useful to confirm the analyte identity in a commercial dosage form
      (tablets). The commercial product, containing the combined drugs, proved to be
      photostable also after long (65 h) light exposure.

PMID- 13679182
TI  - Synthesis, X-ray crystal structure and biological properties of acetylenic
      flavone derivatives.
AB  - The reactions of iodoflavone with 3-methyl-3-hydroxybut-1-yne and 3-methylbut-3
      en-2-yne are described and the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of the
      obtained compounds have been tested. The molecular structures of 6-(3-hydroxy-3
      methylbut-1-ynyl)-flavone (1a) and 6-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-ynyl) flavone (1b) have
      been determined by X-ray crystallography. The planar configuration of the two
      compounds has been attributed to intramolecular hydrogen bond interactions. In
      1a, the presence of the hydroxyl group determines a dimeric arrangement of the
      molecules. In both compounds in the crystal state, molecular stacking has been
      observed.

PMID- 13679183
TI  - Structural characterization of a dipeptide compound with immunostimulant
      activity: 3-(5-thioxo-L-prolyl)-L-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid.
AB  - The structural characteristics of an immunostimulating agent (3-(5-thioxo-L
      prolyl)-L-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid) have been established using a
      combination of 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, molecular mechanic calculations (in
      vacuo and in solution) and X-ray crystallographic analyses. Conformational
      calculations and NMR spectra identify two classes of conformers, cis and trans,
      around the peptide bond between the rings, while in the solid state only the cis
      form has been found.

PMID- 13679184
TI  - The role of HB-donor groups in the heterocyclic polar fragment of H3-antagonists.
      I. Synthesis and biological assays.
AB  - It has been recently reported that compounds composed of an imidazole connected
      through an alkyl spacer to a 2-aminobenzimidazole showed high affinity towards
      the H(3)-receptor. The guanidine fragment of the 2-aminobenzimidazole is probably
      involved in hydrogen bond interactions at the binding site, and is referred to as
      the 'polar fragment'. In the present work, starting from 2-aminobenzimidazole
      derivatives with a di-methylene spacer 1 (pK(i)=7.25) or a tri-methylene one 2
      (pK(i)=8.90), we investigated the importance of the hydrogen bond (HB) donor
      groups at the polar fragment in the interaction with the H(3)-receptor. The
      replacement of 2-aminobenzimidazoles with different moieties [2
      aminobenzothiazole, 3, 4; 2-thiobenzimidazole, 5, 6; 2-thiobenzothiazole, 7, 8; 2
      thio-4-phenyl- or 2-thio-5-phenyl-N-methylimidazoles, 9-12] highlighted the
      effect of the polar group basicity on the optimal length of the alkyl chain:
      longer spacers were preferred with polar groups of moderate basicity whereas, in
      the presence of neutral polar groups, the best affinity values were obtained with
      di-methylene chains. Moreover, N-methylation at the 2-aminobenzimidazole moiety
      13-16 revealed different behaviour for compounds having different spacer lengths.
      In fact, methylation of the exocyclic NH group maintained high affinity for the
      tri-methylene 2-aminobenzimidazole derivative, while a drop in affinity was
      observed for the annular N-methylation. An opposite trend characterised di
      methylene derivatives. These observed SAR suggest that, within this class of
      compounds, the number of HB-donor groups can be lowered while maintaining high
      receptor affinity. Since the presence of HB-donor groups strongly affects brain
      access, this observation could be useful to design and prepare new H(3)
      antagonists.

PMID- 13679185
TI  - Inhibition of drug binding to human serum albumin by cholecystographic agents.
AB  - The binding of two cholecystographic agents to human serum albumin (HSA) was
      evaluated by means of two different complementary methodologies. In particular,
      the inhibition of drug HSA binding caused by iopanoic- and iophenoxic-acid was
      investigated by circular dichroism (CD) and resonant mirror (RM) optical
      biosensor techniques. The CD study allowed to obtain information both on the
      cholecystographic agent binding site and on the effect of the binding on the
      protein conformation. Iopanoic acid (IOP), a drug potentially useful for
      thyrotoxic disorders, resulted a direct competitor for ligands that selectively
      bind to site II, in agreement to literature data. No definite evidence was
      obtained for the highest affinity binding site of iophenoxic acid (IOPH),
      however, this diagnostic tool markedly affected the binding of ligands to the
      most characterized high affinity sites on HSA, namely sites I, II and III.
      Binding parameters were obtained by optical biosensor analysis: K(D) values were
      3.6 x 10(-7) and 2.8 x 10(-8) M for IOP and IOPH, respectively.

PMID- 13679186
TI  - Multivariate least squares regression applied to the spectrophotometric analysis
      of manidipine and its main photoproduct.
AB  - The simultaneous quantitative assay of 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium antagonist
      manidipine and its main photodegradation by-product has been defined by using a
      multivariate calibration on UV spectra based on a classical least squares
      regression. Optimization of the procedure was achieved by means of a calibration
      model using suitable wavelength ranges singled out from a fractionation scheme
      thereat defined. Recovery values of 99 and 96% for the drug and the by-product,
      respectively, were found either in appropriately prepared mixtures and commercial
      formulations. Quantification limit for the photoproduct concentration was
      estimated as 1.0% for the reference samples.

PMID- 13679187
TI  - Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of ambenonium derivatives as AChE
      inhibitors.
AB  - Ambenonium (1), an old AChE inhibitor, is endowed with an outstanding affinity
      and a peculiar mechanism of action that, taken together, make it a very promising
      pharmacological tool for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
      Unfortunately, the bisquaternary structure of 1 prevents its passage through the
      blood brain barrier. In a search of centrally active ambenonium derivatives, we
      planned to synthesize tertiary amines of 1, such as 2 and 3. In addition, to add
      new insights into the binding mechanism of the inhibitor, we designed constrained
      analogues of ambenonium by incorporating the diamine functions into cyclic
      moieties (4-12). The biological evaluation of the new compounds has been assessed
      in vitro against human AChE and BChE. All tertiary amine derivatives resulted
      more than 1000-fold less potent than 1 and, unlike prototype, did not show any
      selectivity between the two enzymes. This result, because of recent findings
      concerning the role of BChE in AD, makes our compounds, endowed with a well
      balanced profile of AChE/BChE inhibition, valuable candidates for further
      development. To better clarify the interactions that account for the high
      affinity of 1, docking simulations and molecular dynamics studies on the AChE-1
      complex were also carried out.

PMID- 13679188
TI  - Congo red analogues as potential anti-prion agents.
AB  - 'Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies' (TSE) are a group of degenerative,
      progressive and fatal disorders of CNS which affect both humans and animals,
      characterised by a long incubation time. The pathogenetic mechanism in TSE is the
      conversion of normal prion protein (PrP(sen)) to an altered protease resistant
      isoform (PrP(res)) that accumulates in amyloid deposits into the brain;
      therefore, PrP(res) is the primary target for therapeutic strategies. The
      discovery that the sulphonated azo dye Congo red (CR) is able to inhibit the
      replications of TSE agents and the accumulation of PrP(res) in animals and in
      scrapie infected mouse neuroblastoma cells induced us to designe molecules
      structurally related to CR (1a-f, 2f,g). The compounds were tested in vitro to
      evaluate their interaction with 263K PrP(res). Six of the tested compounds were
      found to interact with PrP(res) molecules and to over-stabilise the PrP(res)
      aggregates, as CR does. However, none of them induced the reversion of PrP(res)
      to PrP(sen).

PMID- 13679189
TI  - Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of new N-methyl-arylpyrrolidinols with
      analgesic activity.
AB  - In the present paper, we report on the synthesis and antinociceptive activity of
      a new series of N-methyl-arylpyrrolidinols that we designed for a rational
      structure-activity relationship (SAR) study. The antinociceptive properties were
      investigated in vivo by the hot plate and formalin tests in mice and control on
      the locomotory activity was also monitored by the rota rod test. With this aim,
      the evaluation of the lipophilicity of all compounds was performed by the
      Daylight computational method in order to better understand the SAR. Interesting
      properties were proven for the compounds of the entire series.

PMID- 13679190
TI  - Validation of a GC/MS method for the determination of tramadol in human plasma
      after intravenous bolus.
AB  - Tramadol quantitative determination by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
      (GC/MS) using nefopam hydrochloride as internal standard (IS) and two calibration
      curves because of the large range of concentration attended in the plasmatic
      samples is described. Plasma samples drawn from subjects in postoperative period
      treated with two different initial intravenous (iv) bolus of tramadol (50 and 100
      mg) followed by tramadol at the same infusion rate (12 mg h(-1)) are analysed. We
      operated for the qualitative analysis in Scan mode while for the quantitative
      analysis in SIM mode, selecting the ion m/z 58 for tramadol and m/z 179 for IS.
      The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.01 microg ml(-1) and the limit of
      quantification was 0.04 microg ml(-1).

PMID- 13679191
TI  - An investigation of the biological effect of structural modifications of
      isothiosemicarbazones and their cyclic analogues.
AB  - Several arylideneisothiosemicarbazones and arylidenehydrazothiazoles have been
      synthesised to obtain new antimicrobial agents. Their activity against both
      bacteria and fungi has been tested and some interesting informations about their
      biological activity have been obtained.

PMID- 13679192
TI  - 2-(dialkylamino)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one derivatives modify chloride conductance in
      CFTR expressing cells.
AB  - Some 2-(diethylamino)-7-hydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one derivatives, potentially
      useful as activators of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
      (CFTR), were prepared. The synthesized compounds were tested, together with
      others 2-(dialkylamino)-7-hydroxybenzopyran-4-one derivatives, by measuring their
      capacity to modify the kinetics of iodide influx in Fisher rat thyroid cells
      expressing wild type CFTR and the halide-sensitive yellow fluorescent protein.
      Among the tested compounds the dinitrile derivatives 8 and 9 are endowed with an
      activity comparable to the reference compound apigenin.

PMID- 13679193
TI  - A study on the release mechanism of drugs from hydrophilic partially coated
      perforated matrices.
AB  - Partially coated perforated systems (PCPS) based on low-viscosity hydroxypropyl
      methylcellulose (HPMC) as the polymeric material were formerly designed, prepared
      and evaluated in terms of in vitro behaviour. These systems proved to afford the
      pursued linear release with model drugs (metoprolol tartrate and benfluorex) of
      different solubility. To the aim of exploring the mechanisms concurring in the
      definition of zero-order kinetics, studies of drug release, polymer dissolution
      and medium penetration were performed on PCPS and constant release area systems
      (CRAS). According to the obtained results, PCPS release kinetics has to be mainly
      attributed to the progressive outward erosion of the core and to the related
      variation of the release area. The special geometry of the system, in fact,
      involves a gradual increase in the release surface, which allows the diffusional
      path lengthening to be offset. By properly selecting the shape and dimensions of
      the device as well as the physico-chemical characteristics of the hydrophilic
      polymer, the advantage of a zero-order release kinetics with programmable rate
      can be achieved.

PMID- 13679194
TI  - Synthesis and affinity for serotonin and dopamine transporters of some
      benzophenone oxime ether derivatives.
AB  - In a previous study, we reported the synthesis of several 3
      (methylenaminoxymethyl)-substituted piperidine derivatives and their ability to
      interfere with the transmission mediated by biogenic amines. The present study
      describes the preparation of some new oxime derivatives and their capacity to
      inhibit serotonin (SERT) and dopamine (DAT) transporters expressed at the level
      of the rabbit cortex and the striatal membranes, respectively. All the compounds
      showed K(i) values in the micromolar range on both transporters.

PMID- 13679195
TI  - Effects of leflunomide on human cartilage.
AB  - Modern therapeutic approach in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) includes early use of
      disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). DMARDs may influence the course
      of disease progression, and their introduction in early RA is recommended to
      limit irreversible joint damage. Among DMARDs, leflunomide and methotrexate are
      more utilised in pharmacological therapy. In the present work, we considered the
      effects of leflunomide, in comparison with those of methotrexate and to those of
      leflunomide-methotrexate combination on human cartilage to verify its
      effectiveness in arthritic disease, simulated by our experimental model. We
      measured in vitro the amount of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and the production of
      nitric oxide (NO) released into the culture medium of human articular cartilage
      treated with interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), which promotes the cartilage
      destruction during articular disease. Leflunomide, in the presence of IL-1beta
      decreased NO production and GAGs release respect IL-1beta alone treated samples,
      in dose-related manner. Our results suggest that leflunomide is able to protect
      cartilage matrix from degradative factors induced by IL-1beta with respect to
      methotrexate and leflunomide-methotrexate combination.

PMID- 13679196
TI  - pH-partition profiles of 4-(3-oxo-1,2-benzisothiazolin-2-yl)phenyl and
      phenoxyalkanoic acids.
AB  - The 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one nucleus is well known in the medicinal chemistry
      literature for the variety of biological effects exerted by its derivatives. In
      the present paper, the dependence of the n-octanol/buffer distribution
      coefficient (D) on pH of four 4-(3-oxo-1,2-benzisothiazolin-2-yl)phenyl and
      phenoxyalkanoic acids was investigated, employing the reference shake-flask
      method. From the analysis of the pH-partition profiles in the chosen partition
      system, the logP(AH), the logP(A(-)) and the pK(a) values for each compound were
      determined. The physico-chemical data obtained were compared to the pK(a) and
      logP values of the corresponding phenyl and phenoxyalkanoic acids, and an
      estimation of the lipophilic and electronic contribution of the 1,2
      benzisothiazolin-3-one substituent in the para-position is proposed. The 1,2
      benzisothiazolin-3-one nucleus behaves as a lipophilic, moderately electron
      withdrawing group.

PMID- 13679197
TI  - 1,2-dithiolan-3-ones and derivatives structurally related to leinamycin.
      Synthesis and biological evaluation.
AB  - Leinamycin, an antitumor antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces sp., shows a 1,2
      dithiolan-3-one 1-oxide heterocycle that appears to be involved in the biological
      activity. Several derivatives related to 1,2-dithiolan-3-one 1-oxide have been
      prepared and their activity as antineoplastic agents have been investigated. The
      synthesized compounds did not display a significative antitumor or cytotoxic
      activity in vitro.

PMID- 13679198
TI  - Molecular based treatment of oral cancer.
AB  - Given the increase in the age distribution of the population, an increase in
      cancer incidence rates are to be expected. Oral cancer is a disfiguring disease
      that continues to increase in incidence, particularly in the young, and to an
      extent that cannot be fully explained by increased exposure to known risk
      factors. Despite extensive research on treatment modalities towards oral cancer,
      the 5-year survival rate of this disease has not been improved over the last 4-5
      decades. These facts strongly favour chemoprevention-systemic medication to
      revert, stop, or delay the carcinogenic process-as an approach to treating oral
      cancer. A chemopreventive approach to oral cancer most likely should encompass a
      combination of drugs targeting metabolic pathways relevant to oral
      carcinogenesis. Candidate drugs are retinoids and selective inhibitors of
      cyclooxygenase-2, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and peroxisome
      proliferator activated receptors (PPARs). Chemopreventive trials so far have used
      surrogate intermediate biomarkers as measurement of treatment effect. However,
      the efficiency of any drug for chemopreventive use should be assessed through a
      prospective randomized trial and evaluated by the only definitive end point for
      prevention of cancer, the incidence rates of new carcinomas.

PMID- 13679199
TI  - Laser surgery as a treatment for oral leukoplakia.
AB  - Various treatment procedures for oral leukoplakia have been reported. However,
      after some treatments, oral leukoplakia show recurrence and/or malignant
      transformation, even following complete resection. Furthermore, patients with
      oral leukoplakia may develop new lesions in other oral cavity locations. Laser
      surgery for oral mucosal lesions has been reported to have many advantages, and
      it is widely used in the treatment of oral leukoplakia. In previous studies,
      recurrence and malignant transformation from the lesion have occasionally been
      observed following laser surgery. We reviewed the records of oral leukoplakia
      patients treated with laser surgery to assess its clinical usefulness. It has
      been reported that the rate of recurrence was 7.7-38.1%, while malignant
      transformation was 2.6-9% for oral leukoplakia treated with laser surgery. In the
      present study, there was 29.3% recurrence and 1.2% malignant transformation after
      laser surgery. This was similar to previous findings. This suggests that non
      homogeneous leukoplakia on nonkeratinized epithelia, i.e. the tongue mucosa has a
      high risk for malignant transformation, so lesions should be excised after
      detecting abnormal epithelia using vital tissue staining. The wound healing
      process after laser surgery was satisfactory and no significant complications
      were observed. Management of oral leukoplakia prevents not only recurrence and
      malignant transformation, but also postoperative dysfunction: laser surgery is an
      excellent procedure that is able to overcome these problems.

PMID- 13679200
TI  - Pooled estimate of world leukoplakia prevalence: a systematic review.
AB  - This study was aimed at estimating the pooled global leukoplakia prevalence using
      both well-designed studies, which were too few to be representative of the world
      situation, and less valuable studies. The inverse variance weighting and the
      random effect methods were used. The latter is based on the principle that if
      primary studies are heterogeneous, the between-study variance is higher than
      zero, and its effect must be taken into account in choosing the weighting scheme.
      The robustness of the estimates was assessed by means of sensitivity analyses.
      Including 23 primary studies from all over the world published between 1986 and
      2002, the point estimates were 1.49% (inverse variance, 95% confidence interval
      1.42%-1.56%) and 2.60% (random effect, 95% confidence interval 1.72%-2.74%). The
      high between-study heterogeneity and the sensitivity analyses suggested that the
      second estimate was more reliable. Leukoplakia was significantly more prevalent
      among males (prevalence ratio 3.22), but no difference was found between
      geographical areas and between younger and older adults. Using these data, the
      crude annual oral cancer incidence rate attributable to leukoplakia would be
      between 6.2 and 29.1 per 100000, thus suggesting that the global number of oral
      cancer cases is probably underreported.

PMID- 13679201
TI  - Factors associated with diagnostic delay of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
AB  - Shortening the diagnostic delay from the onset of symptoms to the final diagnosis
      leads to early cancer detection and a reduced incidence of advanced cases. To
      analyze factors contributing to delays in the diagnosis of oral cancer,
      information was collected from the medical charts of 152 consecutive patients
      with oral squamous cell carcinoma, and factors associated with diagnostic delay
      were examined retrospectively. No characteristic was significantly associated
      with delay caused by patients. Referral by a non-initial professional, initial
      visit to a dentist, T1 cancer, and the presence of an ulcerative lesion were
      significantly associated with delay caused by the initial professionals. Patients
      with N0 were significantly associated with diagnostic delay caused by the final
      professional. These results re-emphasize the important role of the initial
      professional, particularly the dentist, and the diagnostic difficulty posed by
      ulcerative lesions and small-sized or early-stage oral cancer.

PMID- 13679202
TI  - Demonstration of cytokeratin-5 non-expression in tobacco related oral
      carcinogenesis--use of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction as a
      sensitive assay.
AB  - Cytokeratins (CK) are the epithelia specific intermediate filament proteins. We
      have shown consistent non-expression of CK-5 protein in human oral pre-cancer and
      cancer, in earlier studies. To investigate whether non-expression of CK-5 protein
      is the result of transcriptional or translational block and to evaluate the
      possibility if CK-5 non-expression can be used as a marker for early diagnosis of
      tobacco related oral cancer, RT-PCR using CK-5 specific primers was conducted.
      Out of 36 precancerous lesions and 29 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of buccal
      mucosa (BM) samples studied, 11 and 13 samples respectively of precancer and SCC
      did not show CK-5 product in RT-PCR. Down regulation of CK-5 mRNA expression was
      also observed in some samples. Thus, in conclusion, our results have shown that
      CK-5 non-expression is the result of transcriptional block. We proposed CK-5 non
      expression as a potential marker for the early diagnosis of tobacco related oral
      cancer.

PMID- 13679203
TI  - Allelic loss on chromosomes 2q, 3p and 21q: possibly a poor prognostic factor in
      oral squamous cell carcinoma.
AB  - Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) correlates with inactivate tumor suppressor gene.
      The aim of this study was to see if LOH on chromosomes 2q, 3p and 21q correlated
      with a poor prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We analyzed
      chromosomes 2q, 3p and 21q for LOH in 40 primary oral SCCs using 30 markers and
      constructed a deletion map for these chromosome arms. Significant LOH (>20%)
      occurred at alleles in chromosome bands 2q14-21 (21.7%), 2q32-35 (31.6%), 2q35
      (21.1%), 2q36 (36.7%), 3p25 (32.4%), 3p21.3 (23.8%), 21q11.1 (52.4%), 21q21
      (21.6%) and 21q22.1 (22.2%). A significant correlation was observed between the
      number of regions showing LOH at 2q and TNM clinical stage (P=0.0063), consistent
      with the progressive accumulation of genetic errors during the development oral
      SCC. The number at more than two LOH loci was significant with a poor prognosis
      at 2q (P=0.0208). These findings demonstrate that oral SCC exhibits genetic
      alterations at multiple loci and that allelic loss at more than two locations is
      indicative of a poor prognosis. This is the first study to demonstrate the
      prognostic significance of LOH at 2q, 3p and 21q for oral cancer and may help to
      identify patient who should receive more aggressive treatment.

PMID- 13679204
TI  - Establishment and characterization of a cell line from smokeless tobacco
      associated oral squamous cell carcinoma.
AB  - A cell line, AMOS-III has been established from the surgically resected specimen
      of an untreated primary human oral squamous cell carcinoma of the floor of mouth
      from a chronic smokeless tobacco consumer. Immunocytochemical analysis showed
      epithelial specific antigen, cytokeratins 5, 10, 13 and 16 and integrin alpha(6)
      markers in AMOS-III cells, confirming the epithelial lineage of the cell line.
      Analyses of morphology, ultrastructure, karyotype, anchorage independent growth
      and immunocytochemical properties of the cell line demonstrated the transformed
      phenotype of epithelial cells. AMOS-III cells have doubling time of 42-44 h.
      Giemsa-banding patterns of chromosomes confirmed the human origin of the AMOS-III
      cells. Molecular analysis of cancer-related gene products, p53 and p21(cip1/waf1)
      showed the presence of wild type p21(cip1/waf1) and truncated p53 proteins. The
      molecular mechanism underlying the action of retinoids in preventing the
      occurrence of second primary tumors in oral cancer patients remain to be clearly
      defined. Treatment of AMOS-III cells with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) at 10(
      4) microM resulted in 81% cell death. ATRA treatment resulted in enhanced
      expression of p21(cip1/waf1), nuclear translocation of retinoic acid receptors
      and apoptotic cell death. Thus, this cell line provides an in vitro model for
      elucidating the mechanism involving p53 inactivation and p21(cip1/waf1)
      overexpression in smokeless tobacco-induced oral cancer. Furthermore, the ATRA
      responsiveness of the cell line underscores its potential utility in identifying
      the retinoid responsive molecular targets in oral cancer cells.

PMID- 13679205
TI  - Human papillomaviruses in the normal oral cavity of children in Japan.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of human papillomavirus
      (HPV) infections in the normal oral cavity of children in Japan. Oral squamous
      cell specimens were collected from 77 children (44 boys and 33 girls), aged 3 and
      5 years. Extracted DNA was evaluated for HPV infections by polymerase chain
      reaction (PCR) methods, using consensus primers for the L1 region, specific
      primers, and direct DNA sequencing analysis. Thirty-seven of 77 specimens (48.1%)
      were positive for HPV DNA. Positive rates of boys and girls in all specimens were
      28.3 (22/77) and 19.5 (15/77)%, respectively. The positive rate in 3-year-old
      children was 45.2 (14/31)%, and positive rates in boys and girls were 52.6
      (10/19) and 33.3 (4/12)%, respectively. The positive rate in 5-year-old children
      was 50.0 (23/46)%, and positive rates in boys and girls were 48.0 (12/25) and
      52.4 (11/21)%, respectively. HPV types were determined by specific PCR and direct
      DNA sequencing analysis. Frequent HPV types in the specimens of all children were
      HPV-16 (11/37; 29.7%),-1 (6/37; 16.2%),-2 (6/37; 16.2%),-75 (6/37; 16.2%). The
      results of the present investigation indicate that many HPVs, including HPV-16 (a
      high-risk type for cancer), are present in the oral cavity of 3- and 5-year-old
      children. It is suggested, therefore, that the oral cavity is already a reservoir
      of HPVs in childhood where later HPV-associated diseases, such as oral cancer and
      other oral lesions, may develop.

PMID- 13679206
TI  - Immunohistochemical study on overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 in squamous cell
      carcinoma of the oral cavity: its importance as a prognostic predictor.
AB  - Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is known as one of the critical prognostic factors in
      carcinomas of the various organs. However, the importance of COX-2 overexpression
      in oral squamous cell carcinomas has not been fully described yet. We
      investigated overexpression of COX-2 by immunohistochemistry in 72 surgical
      specimens from patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, and
      evaluated correlations between COX-2 overexpression and clinicopathologic
      variables. The immunoreactivity of COX-2 was cytoplasmic. COX-2 overexpression
      was observed in 10 (13.9%) of 72 tumours and it was well correlated with lymph
      node involvement at the time of surgical treatment (P=0.011) and postoperative
      recurrence (P=0.025), but not with the other clinicopathologic variables
      including age, gender, tumour stage and histological grade. In addition, COX-2
      overexpression showed a close association with postoperatively disease-free
      survival (P=0.039) and overall survival as well (P=0.043), and multivariate
      analyses revealed that COX-2 overexpression was an independent predictor for
      disease-free survival but not for overall survival. The current study suggests
      that overexpression of COX-2 could impact on disease-free survival for patients
      with oral squamous cell carcinoma and that selective inhibition of COX-2 is a
      possible target for the therapeutic strategies.

PMID- 13679207
TI  - Overexpression of tuberous sclerosis complex 2 exerts antitumor effect on oral
      cancer cell lines.
AB  - Tuberous sclerosis is caused by mutations in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) 2
      on chromosome 16p13.3, encoding tuberin which is thought to be essential for
      p27(Kip1) to regulate the cell cycle. In this study, we conducted to examine
      whether overexpression of TSC2 can affect the growth of oral cancer cells which
      have different expression level of p27(Kip1) protein. We constructed an
      expression vector containing sense-oriented rat TSC2 cDNA with pcDNA3.1. We
      transfected oral cancer cells, B88t (high expression of p27(Kip1) protein) and HI
      (low expression of p27(Kip1) protein) with the sense expression vector to up
      regulate the expression of TSC2 gene. Overexpression of TSC2 exerted the growth
      inhibitory effect of B88t and HI in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest
      that overexpression of TSC2 may exert the antitumor effect on oral cancer cells
      whether they have high expression of p27(Kip1) protein or not.

PMID- 13679208
TI  - Oral cytology assessment by flow cytometry of DNA adducts, aneuploidy,
      proliferation and apoptosis shows differences between smokers and non-smokers.
AB  - Oral cytology and morphometric staining is used to identify malignant
      keratinocytes in oral premalignant or malignant lesions. To detect and to begin
      to assess changes in oral keratinocytes exposed to tobacco-derived carcinogens,
      which are at risk for malignant transformation, a novel method is required. The
      approach uses oral cytology harvested oral keratinocytes analyzed using flow
      cytometry (FC) for changes in DNA content, damage, cell cycle and apoptosis. Six
      smoker and six non-smoker oral keratinocytes were evaluated using flow cytometry
      in the form of laser scanning cytometry (LSC) and laser microdissection (LMD).
      Among smokers compared to non-smokers, the method detected and assessed DNA
      damage from tobacco smoke exposure quantifying an enhanced formation of DNA
      adducts, such as, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanine (8-OHdG) which creates oxidation
      lesions and benzo[a]pyrene(B[a]P), which produces a B[a]P)-N2-dG bulky adduct.
      Increased DNA content, aneuploidy, percentage of cells in synthesis (S) and
      G(2)+Mitosis (M), and apoptosis were recorded. Tissue and cell controls were used
      to verify these relationships. Data suggested healthy smokers were at increased
      risk for malignant transformation of oral keratinocytes because of the changes
      stated above. Using identical methods, keratinocytes exposed to the tobacco
      derived carcinogen, B[a]P parallel results obtained from smoke exposure
      indicating a direct link. Flow cytometric evaluation of oral cytology harvested
      keratinocytes can be used to measure exposure to tobacco carcinogens, and
      possibly establish a link to premalignant and malignant transformation before a
      lesion is noted.

PMID- 13679209
TI  - Thiazolidinediones inhibit cell growth of human oral squamous cell carcinoma in
      vitro independent of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma.
AB  - Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) is a member of the
      nuclear receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors. Recently,
      we have demonstrated that PPARgamma is expressed in human salivary gland tumors
      and its ligands inhibit the growth of cultured salivary gland cancer cells.
      However, expression and function of PPARgamma in normal and neoplastic human oral
      squamous epithelium remains unclear. In the present study, we examined PPARgamma
      expression in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and tested its ligands
      for any antitumor effect. PPARgamma mRNA was detected by RT-PCR in some OSCC
      tissues and cultured cells, but the PPARgamma protein showed neither expression
      nor ligand-induced transcriptional activity. Despite loss of PPARgamma function,
      synthetic PPARgamma ligands caused significant dose-dependent inhibition of
      cancer cell growth. These results suggest that PPARgamma function is inactivated
      in OSCC cells and the anti-proliferative effect of its synthetic ligands is
      independent of PPARgamma.

PMID- 13679210
TI  - Phenotypic switching of VEGF and collagen XVIII during hypoxia in head and neck
      squamous carcinoma cells.
AB  - The present study sought to determine the potential role of stress activated MAPK
      and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathways in mediating
      phenotypic switching between angiogenic and angiostatic elements among squamous
      cell carcinoma (SCC) cell lines. In particular, we investigated the effects of
      hypoxia and those of cobalt chloride (CoCl(2)), which mimics the hypoxic response
      including the production of reactive oxygen species, on such phenotypic shifts.
      The expression and production of collagen XVIII, and CBP2/Hsp47 provided a
      measure of an angiostatic phenotype, while vascular endothelial growth factor
      (VEGF) expression was used to assess potential angiogenic states. These studies
      revealed that hypoxia produced a slight up-regulation of collagen XVIII and
      CBP2/Hsp47 that was inhibited by the stress kinase inhibitor SB203580 but was
      unaffected by N-acetylcysteine (NAC). In addition, VEGF expression was increased
      following hypoxia and this effect was reversed with inhibition of by SB203580.
      Conversely, CoCl(2) significantly diminished the expression of both collagen
      XVIII and CBP2/Hsp47 and enhanced VEGF expression. These changes were reversed by
      the PI3K inhibitor wortmannin and by treating cells with NAC. These studies show
      that phenotypic switching between collagen XVIII and VEGF is controlled by stress
      activated kinases under hypoxia, and PI3K signaling pathways as well as reactive
      oxygen species (ROS) following CoCl(2) treatment. Furthermore, modulation of the
      angiogenic switch is most profound during Akt activation than during activation
      of stress activated kinases.

PMID- 13679211
TI  - Haloperidol and clozapine affect social behaviour in rats postnatally lesioned in
      the ventral hippocampus.
AB  - Neonatal ibotenic acid lesion of the ventral hippocampus results in altered
      patterns of social behaviour. After puberty, lesioned animals spent less time in
      social interaction and the nonaggressive/aggressive behaviour ratio shifted
      towards increased aggressiveness. In this study, the effects on social behaviour
      of the neuroleptic drugs haloperidol (HAL) and clozapine (CLO) after acute and
      subchronic treatment were studied. Seven-day-old rats were lesioned and social
      behaviour was tested at the age of 13 weeks. Drug effects were tested after acute
      (HAL 0.025 mg/kg, CLO 1.0 mg/kg) and subchronic (10 injections, HAL 0.075 mg/kg,
      CLO 5.0 mg/kg) administration. For comparison, diazepam (DZP, 0.5 mg/kg) was used
      in the acute experiment. After acute administration, DZP had no effect on social
      behaviour in sham-lesioned rats, but nonaggressive behaviour increased
      significantly in lesioned animals. CLO and HAL did reduce the time sham-lesioned
      rats spent in social contact, and CLO also increased % nonaggressive behaviour in
      lesioned rats. Here, HAL had no effect. Subchronic administration did not alter
      social behaviour in sham-lesioned animals. However, CLO increased the time
      lesioned animals spent in social interaction, whereas HAL had an effect on
      nonaggressive behaviour. The results of this study indicate that the lesion model
      is sensitive to differentiated effects of classical neuroleptic drugs such as HAL
      and atypical neuroleptic drugs like CLO. It might be a useful tool in the search
      for potential neuroleptic drugs.

PMID- 13679212
TI  - Altered glutamate receptor and corticoliberin gene expression in brain regions
      related to hedonic behavior in rats.
AB  - Present experiments in rats were aimed to verify the hypothesis that
      glutamatergic neurotransmission and stress hormones play a role in impairment of
      hedonic behavior, a sign of depression-like state. On the basis of individual
      variability in sucrose preference, test rats were divided into anhedonic and
      hedonic groups. Anhedonic animals showed higher basal concentrations of
      adrenocorticotropin and corticosterone but reduced hormonal responses during
      novelty stress compared to hedonic animals. Acute administration of citalopram
      (10 mg/kg ip) induced similar effects in both groups. Corticotropin-releasing
      hormone (CRH) mRNA levels in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) were
      higher in anhedonic rats. Oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin gene expression in the
      PVN and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) expression in the anterior pituitary failed to
      show any significant differences. Gene expression of NR1 receptor subunit of N
      methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor in the ventral tegmental area (VTA)
      was found to be lower in anhedonic rats. In the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and the
      hippocampus of anhedonic animals, higher mRNA levels of NR2A subunit compared to
      those of hedonic rats were detected. Thus, low sucrose preference is associated
      with altered HPA axis activity, NMDA receptor subunits and CRH gene expression in
      selected brain regions. These mechanisms may operate in the disposition to
      develop hedonic deficit in some mental disorders.

PMID- 13679213
TI  - Functional role of exogenous administration of substance P in chronic
      constriction injury model of neuropathic pain in gerbils.
AB  - Substance P (SP) acts as a transmitter of nociception in both the peripheral and
      the central nervous system. Because the NK-1 receptors in gerbils are comparable
      to those in humans, gerbil models could be used to study the role of SP in
      neuropathic pain. A modification of the rat chronic constriction injury (CCI)
      model of neuropathic pain was produced in male gerbils by placing four loose
      chromic catgut ligatures around the sciatic nerve. This procedure clearly
      resulted in mechanical hypersensitivity. Intraplantar injections of SP and the
      selective NK-1 receptor agonist, [Sar(9)-Met(O(2))(11)]-substance P (Sar-SP), to
      the paw ipsilateral to the nerve injury and intrathecal administration of these
      peptides produced paw-lifting behavior in the CCI gerbils in thermoneutral
      conditions. In sham-operated and nonoperated controls, no such effects were
      observed. Systemic administration of the NK-1 antagonist R116301 attenuated the
      SP and the Sar-SP-induced paw-lifting behavior in the CCI gerbils indicating the
      role of NK-1 receptors in these effects. Intraplantar injection of the highest
      dose of SP (200 ng) to the paw contralateral to the CCI produced lifting of the
      paw ipsilateral to the injury, indicative for spinal mechanisms especially since
      administration of SP to the ipsilateral front paw or even intracardially did not
      have any effect at all. The SP-induced responses were not antagonized by the NMDA
      antagonist MK801. These results indicate that the peripheral and spinal SP reveal
      an increased reactivity in a neuropathic pain model. This increased pain
      sensitivity seems to involve spinal NK-1 mechanisms.

PMID- 13679214
TI  - Effects of a partial dopamine D2-like agonist on the cocaine-induced behavioral
      sensitization of preweanling rats.
AB  - Partial D(2)-like receptor agonists act as functional antagonists when given
      during periods of high dopaminergic tone (e.g., when self-administering cocaine
      or amphetamine). For this reason, we determined whether pretreatment with the
      partial D(2)-like agonist terguride would block the induction and/or expression
      of cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization in preweanling rats. More
      specifically, we examined (a). whether repeated administration of terguride alone
      (0.4-1.6 mg/kg) would support behavioral sensitization (Experiment 1); (b).
      whether injecting preweanling rats with terguride (0.1-1.6 mg/kg) during the
      pretreatment phase would block the induction and ultimate expression of cocaine
      induced behavioral sensitization (Experiment 2); and (c). whether injecting rats
      with terguride (0.2-0.8 mg/kg) on the test day would block the expression of
      cocaine sensitization (Experiment 3). Results showed that repeated terguride
      administration did not induce behavioral sensitization by itself, nor did it
      block the induction of cocaine sensitization in preweanling rats. Interestingly,
      terguride reduced, but did not fully attenuate, the locomotor activity of cocaine
      treated rats during the pretreatment phase. When given on the test day, terguride
      also depressed cocaine-induced locomotor activity, but rather than blocking the
      expression of behavioral sensitization, terguride seemed to cause a general
      reduction in locomotion. Because partial D(2)-like agonists attenuate cocaine-
      and amphetamine-induced reward, it has been proposed that this class of drug
      might serve as an effective pharmacotherapy for psychostimulant abuse. Although
      partial D(2)-like agonists may prove useful in this regard, results from the
      present study suggest that terguride would not block sensitization components of
      the addiction process.

PMID- 13679215
TI  - Flight reactions to nitric oxide in the inferior colliculus of rats depend on
      NMDA receptor activation.
AB  - The dorsolateral periaqueductal grey (dlPAG) is proposed to play a role in the
      elaboration of defensive behaviors. Nitric oxide (NO) donors, injected into this
      region, induce flight reactions. The reactions have also been observed after
      electrical or chemical stimulation of the inferior colliculus (IC). The enzyme
      responsible for NO formation, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), is expressed
      in the IC. The aims of this study were to investigate if NO donors injected into
      the IC would also cause aversive reactions and if these reactions would involve
      activation of NMDA receptors. The results showed that 3-morpholinosylnomine
      hydrochloride (SIN-1; 300 nmol), an NO donor, injected into the central nucleus
      but not into the dorsal cortex of the IC (CIC and DCIC, respectively) of male
      Wistar rats induced flight reactions characterized by galloping and jumps.
      Pretreatment (10 min) with methylene blue (MB; 100 or 200 nmol), a guanylate
      cyclase (GC) inhibitor, partially inhibited this flight reaction, decreasing the
      number of jumps. 8-Bromo-cGMP (8-Br-GMP), a membrane-permeable cGMP analogue,
      increased the number of contralateral turnings. Pretreatment (10 min) with the
      NMDA receptor antagonist amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid (AP7; 2 nmol) completely
      prevented the effects of SIN-1. It is concluded that NO may induce aversive
      reactions in the CIC and that these reactions depend on NMDA receptor activation.
      They may also partially involve facilitation of GC activity.

PMID- 13679216
TI  - GABAergic modulation of the ANG II-induced drinking response in the rat medial
      preoptic nucleus.
AB  - The present study was designed to examine the participation of gamma-aminobutyric
      acid (GABA) receptor mechanisms in the medial preoptic nucleus (MPO) in the
      drinking response caused by angiotensin II (ANG II) activation of the subfornical
      organ (SFO) in the awake rat. Local administration of ANG II (5 pmol, 50 nl) into
      the SFO elicited drinking. The water intake induced was significantly attenuated
      by previous injections (50 nl) into the MPO of the GABA(A) agonist muscimol (0.5,
      5 and 50 pmol), but not by the GABA(B) agonist baclofen (0.5, 5 and 50 pmol) or
      vehicle, into the MPO. On the other hand, the ANG II-induced water intake was
      significantly enhanced by previous injections (50 nl) into the MPO of the GABA(A)
      antagonist bicuculline (0.5 and 5 pmol), but not the GABA(B) antagonist phaclofen
      (0.05, 0.5 and 5 pmol). Muscimol (50 nmol) injected into the MPO significantly
      reduced the water intake elicited by intracellular fluid depletion (i.e.,
      hypertonic saline: 2 M, 2 ml/kg bw ip), whereas bicuculline (5 pmol) was without
      effect. These results show the involvement of the GABAergic system within the MPO
      in the dipsogenic responses induced by ANG II acting at the SFO and intracellular
      fluid depletion, and suggest that the system may serve to attenuate the ANG II
      induced dipsogenic response through GABA(A) receptors.

PMID- 13679217
TI  - Role of cholinergic receptors in locomotion induced by scopolamine and
      oxotremorine-M.
AB  - Mesopontine cholinergic neurons activate dopamine neurons important for reward
      seeking and locomotor activity. The present studies tested whether cholinergic
      receptor blockade in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) altered locomotion induced
      by scopolamine (3 mg/kg i.p.) or by oxotremorine-M (0.1 microg bilaterally in the
      VTA). It was predicted that cholinergic blockers in the VTA would attenuate these
      cholinergic-induced locomotor increases. Locomotor activity was increased by
      scopolamine and oxotremorine-M administration in all treatments. When dihydro
      beta-erythroidine (DHBE), a nicotinic receptor antagonist, was applied in VTA
      prior to oxotremorine-M, locomotion was reduced to slightly above saline baseline
      levels, but atropine, a muscarinic antagonist, had no effect. This suggests that
      the locomotor effect of oxotremorine-M at this dose was mediated mainly via
      nicotinic, not muscarinic, receptors. Intra-VTA injections of DHBE, however, did
      not attenuate scopolamine-induced locomotion indicating that scopolamine-induced
      locomotion is not mediated mainly via VTA cholinergic receptors. In mutant mice
      with a deletion in the M5 muscarinic receptor gene, scopolamine-induced
      locomotion was increased versus wild type mice after scopolamine injection. This
      suggests that the M5 receptor has an inhibitory effect on scopolamine-induced
      locomotion.

PMID- 13679218
TI  - Restraint accentuates the effects of 5-HT2 receptor antagonists and a 5-HT1A
      receptor agonist on lordosis behavior.
AB  - The effect of restraint on lordosis behavior was examined in proestrous and
      ovariectomized, hormone-primed rats. Restraint durations from 5 to 60 min had no
      effect on lordosis behavior of proestrous rats. There was also no effect of 5 min
      restraint on lordosis behavior of ovariectomized rats hormonally primed with 10
      microg estradiol benzoate and 500 microg progesterone. However, after
      intraperitoneal treatment with 1.0 mg/kg ketanserin tartrate (ketanserin), 5 min
      of restraint significantly reduced lordosis behavior of both groups of rats. The
      5-min restraint combined with 0.50 or 0.75 mg/kg ketanserin reduced lordosis to
      mount (L/M) ratios of ovariectomized rats, while L/M ratios of proestrous rats
      were inhibited only by the 1.0 mg/kg dose. Increasing the restraint duration (10
      or 15 min) reduced the dose of ketanserin necessary to reduce the L/M ratios of
      proestrous rats. Treatment with the selective serotonin (5-HT)(2C) receptor
      antagonist, SB206553 (2.5 or 5.0 mg/kg), in combination with 5 min of restraint,
      also reduced L/M ratios of hormonally primed, ovariectomized rats. The neural
      sites responsible for ketanserin's additivity with restraint are unknown, but
      infusion of the drug into the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMN) did
      not mimic the systemic treatment. However, 5 min of restraint did enhance the
      effects of VMN infusion with the 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist, 8-OH-DPAT. In
      contrast, 8-OH-DPAT's systemic potency was not enhanced by restraint. These
      findings support the hypothesis that a mild stressor increases the lordosis
      inhibiting effects of 5-HT(1A) receptor agonists and that 5-HT(2) receptors may
      protect against such disruption of lordosis behavior.

PMID- 13679219
TI  - Nicotine-alcohol interactions and attentional performance on an operant visual
      signal detection task in female rats.
AB  - Nicotine and alcohol are very often co-used and co-abused. Thus, it is important
      to understand their interactions. In many ways, nicotine and alcohol have
      opposing effects. This can be clearly seen in terms of their effects on cognitive
      function. Nicotine effectively improves attention while alcohol impairs it. The
      current study was conducted to determine in a rat model the interaction of
      nicotine and alcohol on attention using an operant visual signal detection task.
      It is hypothesized that nicotine would reverse the alcohol-induced impairment in
      accuracy of performance in this task. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (N=35) were
      trained on a visual operant signal detection task for food reinforcement with 300
      trials/session in three equal time blocks. The rats were divided into poor and
      good performers according to their predrug baseline performance accuracy. The
      first experiment examined the dose-effect function of alcohol (0, 0.375, and 0.75
      g/kg i.p.) on this task. The lower alcohol dose significantly impaired percent
      correct rejection in the high-performing rats but not the low-performing rats.
      The higher alcohol dose significantly impaired percent hit performance during the
      first two thirds of the session in both high- and low-performing groups. The
      second experiment examined alcohol (0.75 g/kg i.p.) interactions with nicotine
      (0, 12.5, 25, and 50 microg/kg s.c.) on attentional performance. The 25 and 50
      microg/kg nicotine doses caused a significant (P<.05) improvement in hit
      accuracy. Alcohol blocked this nicotine-induced improvement, even though at this
      later time it no longer had an effect of its own. In the high baseline group, the
      25 microg/kg nicotine dose also caused a significant (P<.025) improvement in hit
      accuracy. As in Experiment 1, the high baseline group was not significantly
      impaired by 0.75 g/kg of alcohol. However, this alcohol dose did eliminate the
      nicotine-induced improvement. These results suggest that alcohol, when given
      alone, impairs sustained attention and blocks nicotine-induced attentional
      improvements even when it does not cause impairments on its own.

PMID- 13679220
TI  - Effect of angiotensin IV on the acquisition of the water maze task and ryanodine
      channel function.
AB  - In the present study, we investigated the effect of angiotensin IV (Ang IV) on
      the acquisition of spatial task by rats, expression and function of ryanodine
      receptors (RyRs) and on Ca(2+) transport in microsomal membranes isolated from
      rat hippocampus, the brain structure essential for spatial memory.Wistar rats,
      injected intracerebroventricularly with 1 nmol of Ang IV or saline were subjected
      to the water maze training using hidden (learning) or visible (nonlearning)
      escape platform. Rats showed overall good acquisition of the task and mean escape
      latency decreased from 55 s to less than 10 s during the 5-day training. Learning
      significantly increased [3H]-ryanodine binding to microsomal RyRs and markedly
      decreased both receptor affinity constant for the ligand and microsomal Ca(2+)
      uptake. Ang IV was without effect on the rate of acquisition of the spatial task
      but increased (by 47%) maximal ryanodine binding in hippocampal microsomes of the
      trained rats. The peptide, however, did not affect decreased net Ca(2+) uptake in
      rats subject to learning procedure. Since microsomal Ca(2+)-ATPase activity was
      similar in all tested groups, the lower net Ca(2+) uptake in the trained rats
      could be attributed to the elevated expression of RyRs and resulting to increased
      Ca(2+) release.

PMID- 13679221
TI  - Social and environmental enrichment enhances sensitivity to the effects of kappa
      opioids: studies on antinociception, diuresis and conditioned place preference.
AB  - Previous studies have reported that social and environmental enrichment can have
      a marked impact on the functional maturation of the central nervous system and
      may influence an organism's sensitivity to psychotropic drugs. The purpose of the
      present study was to examine the effects of social and environmental enrichment
      on sensitivity to drugs possessing activity at the kappa opioid receptor. Rats
      were obtained at weaning and randomly assigned to one of two housing conditions:
      isolated rats were housed individually with no visual or tactile contact with
      other rats; enriched rats were housed in groups of four in large cages and given
      various novel objects on a regular basis. After 7 weeks under these conditions,
      the effects of spiradoline, U69,593 and nalorphine were examined in the warm
      water, tail-withdrawal procedure. The effects of spiradoline were also examined
      on urine output and in the conditioned place preference procedure. Enriched rats
      were more sensitive to the antinociceptive effects of all the opioids examined in
      the tail-withdrawal procedure, and were more sensitive to the effects of
      spiradoline on urine output and in the conditioned place preference procedure.
      Following the conclusion of these tests, housing conditions were reassigned, such
      that isolated rats were transferred to enrichment cages, and enriched rats were
      transferred to isolation cages. After 7 weeks under these new conditions, the two
      groups were equally sensitive to the antinociceptive effects of spiradoline,
      indicating that the effects of the initial housing conditions were, in part,
      reversible. Collectively, these data suggest that enriched rats are more
      sensitive than isolated rats to the effects of kappa opioids, and that the kappa
      opioid receptor system is sensitive to social and environmental manipulations
      after weaning.

PMID- 13679222
TI  - Protective effects of pseudoginsenoside-F11 on methamphetamine-induced
      neurotoxicity in mice.
AB  - In the present study, pseudoginsenoside-F(11) (PF(11)), a saponin that existed in
      American ginseng, was studied on its protective effect on methamphetamine (MA)
      induced behavioral and neurochemical toxicities in mice. MA was intraperitoneally
      administered at the dose of 10 mg/kg four times at 2-h intervals, and PF(11) was
      orally administered at the doses of 4 and 8 mg/kg two times at 4-h intervals, 60
      min prior to MA administration. The results showed that PF(11) did not
      significantly influence, but greatly ameliorated, the anxiety-like behavior
      induced by MA in the light-dark box task. In the forced swimming task, PF(11)
      significantly shortened the prolonged immobility time induced by MA. In the
      appetitively motivated T-maze task, PF(11) greatly shortened MA-induced prolonged
      latency and decreased the error counts. Similar results were also observed in the
      Morris water maze task. PF(11) significantly shortened the escape latency
      prolonged by MA. There were significant decreases in the contents of dopamine
      (DA), 3,4-dihydroxyphenacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA), and 5
      hydroxyindoacetic acid (5-HIAA) in the brain of MA-treated mice. PF(11) could
      partially, but significantly, antagonize MA-induced decreases of DA. The above
      results demonstrate that PF(11) is effective in protection of MA-induced
      neurotoxicity and also suggest that natural products, such as ginseng, might be
      potential candidates for the prevention and treatment of the neurological
      disorders induced by MA abuse.

PMID- 13679223
TI  - Studies on the anticonvulsant effect of U50488H on maximal electroshock seizure
      in mice.
AB  - The present study was designed to investigate the effect of U50488H, a prototype
      non-peptide kappa opioid agonist on convulsive behaviour using a maximal
      electroshock (MES) seizure test in mice. An attempt was also made to explore the
      role of possible receptors involved. MES seizures were induced via transauricular
      electrodes (60 mA, 0.2 s). Seizure severity was evaluated by means of two
      parameters, i.e., (1). duration of tonic hindlimb extensor phase and (2).
      mortality due to convulsions. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of U50488H
      dose dependently (5-20 mg/kg) decreased the hindlimb extensor phase of MES. The
      anticonvulsant effect of U50488H was attenuated by the general opioid antagonist,
      naloxone at a high dose, and by MR2266, a selective kappa antagonist, but not by
      naltrindole, a delta antagonist. Coadministration of gamma-aminobutyric acid
      (GABA)ergic drugs (diazepam, GABA, muscimol, and baclofen) and the N-methyl-D
      aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, dizocilpine (MK801), with U50488H augmented
      the anticonvulsant effect of the latter drug in mice. On the other hand,
      flumazenil, a central benzodiazepine (BZD) receptor antagonist, reversed the
      protective effect of diazepam and similarly, delta-aminovaleric acid (DAVA), a
      GABA(B) receptor antagonist, blocked the protective effect of baclofen, a GABA(B)
      agonist on the anti-MES action of U50488H. These BZD-GABAergic antagonists,
      namely, flumazenil or DAVA, on their own also counteracted the anti-electroshock
      seizure effect of U50488H given alone. However, mortality was not significantly
      altered in any of the above animal groups. Taken together, the findings have
      shown a possible role for multitude of important neurotransmitter systems, i.e.,
      opioid (kappa), NMDA channel, GABA(A)-BZD-chloride channel complex, and GABA(B)
      receptors in the anticonvulsant action of U50488H.

PMID- 13679224
TI  - Prevention of memory loss for a brightness change in adult and middle-aged rats
      by postacquisition treatment with glucose.
AB  - Following 2 h of unrestricted access to a black and a white arm of a Y maze, 8
      month-old "adult" and 21-month-old "middle-aged" rats were injected
      intraperitoneally with 0 (vehicle), 50 or 100 mg/kg D-glucose. Twenty-four hours
      later they were allowed free access to two black arms. When treated with vehicle,
      there was no evidence of any memory for change as determined by first and total
      entries of, and time spent in the changed arm. However, the adult "younger" rats
      showed significant awareness of the changed arm following treatment with the
      higher dose of glucose. It was concluded that, for adult rats only, treatment
      with glucose prevented forgetting of their pretreatment experience with the maze
      arms thereby enabling detection and choice of the changed alternative. It was
      also suggested that the experimental procedure might have potential as a measure
      of memory, in particular, one not dependent on deprivation and reinforcement, in
      the absence of current effects of glucose or other enhancing agents.

PMID- 13679225
TI  - A novel choice method for studying drugs as punishers.
AB  - In contrast to reinforcing effects, little is known about the neurobehavioral
      pharmacology of aversive effects of drugs that may limit their self
      administration. The present study was designed to develop a novel choice method
      for studying drugs as punishers. Rhesus monkeys (n=4) were trained in a two-lever
      choice procedure. During a trial, completion of a variable-ratio 10 (VR10)
      schedule on one lever resulted in the simultaneous injection of a drug and
      delivery of two food pellets. Completion of an independent VR10 on the other
      lever resulted in simultaneous delivery of a saline injection and two food
      pellets. Reinforcer delivery ended a trial and began a time-out (TO) of 10 min.
      Sessions ended after approximately 4 h. When a preference was observed,
      injection/lever pairings were reversed to ensure reinforcer preference. When the
      drug injection was histamine (0.0015-0.006 mg/kg/injection), preference for the
      drug+food option decreased in a dose-related manner to near 0% in all monkeys.
      Effective doses of histamine were approximately 10-fold lower than in previously
      published experiments. In contrast, when the drug was cocaine (0.012-0.2
      mg/kg/injection), preference for the drug+food option increased in a dose-related
      manner to near 100% in all monkeys. Choice may be a sensitive and selective
      method for studying aversive effects of drugs.

PMID- 13679226
TI  - Lobeline-induced learning improvement of rats in the radial-arm maze.
AB  - Lobeline is a nicotinic ligand with some nicotine-like effects, but with some
      atypical effects as well, including actions as a nicotinic antagonist. Lobeline,
      like nicotine, has been found to significantly improve memory function as well as
      provide anxiolytic-like effects in the elevated plus maze. Lobeline effects on
      learning remain to be fully characterized. Nicotine has been found to improve
      learning of shock avoidance tasks. Other nicotinic agonists also have been shown
      to improve learning performance. However, this effect is limited. In some tasks,
      nicotine has been found to cause deficits. In the current study, effects of
      lobeline and nicotine injections were assessed in a repeated acquisition
      procedure in the radial-arm maze for 3 weeks of drug administration. Lobeline
      (0.3 and 0.9 mg/kg) improved learning on the radial-arm maze. Neither nicotine
      dose (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg) improved learning. This nicotine dose range was
      previously found to improve post-acquisition working memory performance in the
      radial-arm maze. The atypical effects of lobeline may underlie its greater
      efficacy than nicotine for improving repeated acquisition. The effect of lobeline
      improving learning may be useful in the development of novel treatments for
      learning deficits.

PMID- 13679227
TI  - MDMA exposure alters cognitive and electrophysiological sensitivity to rapid
      tryptophan depletion in rhesus monkeys.
AB  - Repeated treatment with (+/-)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) produces
      lasting depletions in serotonin (5-HT) markers in the brains of New and Old World
      monkeys. We have previously shown that macaques treated with MDMA (4 days, 10
      mg/kg im, b.i.d.), exhibit an immediate, approximately 50% reduction of the 5-HT
      metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and
      76-93% reductions in neocortical 5-HT content postmortem, but no lasting
      behavioral deficits under unchallenged conditions. Those monkeys were, however,
      more behaviorally sensitive to challenge with the 5-HT(2C) agonist 1-(3
      chlorophenyl)piperazine (mCPP ) 1 year after the MDMA regimen. A rapid tryptophan
      depletion protocol was employed to determine further if these MDMA-exposed
      monkeys are more behaviorally and electrophysiologically sensitive to
      perturbation of 5-HT neurotransmission. Acute intragastric administration of a
      tryptophan-deficient (TRYP(-)) mixture of amino acids resulted in significant
      reductions in CSF 5-HIAA in both MDMA-exposed and control monkeys. The TRYP(-)
      mixture also reduced the brainstem auditory-evoked potential (BSAEP) P4 latency
      in MDMA-exposed monkeys, similar to an effect observed for 13 weeks post-MDMA.
      Spatial working memory performance was improved by the TRYP(-) mixture in the
      control group, but not the MDMA-exposed monkeys. Other behavioral capabilities
      [visual recognition memory, reaction time (RT), reinforcer efficacy and fine
      motor control] were not significantly affected by the TRYP(-) mixture in either
      group of monkeys. Thus, underlying alterations in brain function resulting from
      prior exposure to MDMA, that were not observed under normal conditions, may be
      revealed following perturbation of 5-HT signaling. The BSAEP response and spatial
      working memory appear particularly sensitive to lasting functional differences
      associated with MDMA exposure.

PMID- 13679228
TI  - Activation of the immune system in rats with lipopolysaccharide reduces voluntary
      sucrose intake but not intraoral intake.
AB  - Traditional intake measures of voluntary consumption of food or fluid from a
      specific location involve both appetitive and consummatory behaviors. Appetitive
      behaviors are food finding behaviors displayed by an animal prior to the
      consumption of the food, whereas consummatory behaviors are the behaviors
      involved in the actual consumption of the food. Intraoral intake of a fluid can
      be measured by directly infusing it into the oral cavity of an animal and
      quantifying the consummatory behaviors. The present study compared the effects of
      immune activation (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) and toxin (lithium chloride, LiCl)
      induced changes on both a traditional intake measure (bottle drinking) and an
      intraoral intake measure. In Experiment 1, rats were injected intraperitoneally
      with LPS (200 microg/kg), LiCl (0.15 M, 20 ml/kg) or NaCl vehicle, and voluntary
      sucrose (0.3 M) intake was monitored for 1 h from a graduated drinking tube.
      Voluntary intake was again assessed on a second test day, 72 h later under the
      same conditions. In Experiment 2, a continuous intraoral infusion of sucrose (0.3
      M) was given via intraoral cannulae following systemic injections of LPS, LiCl or
      NaCl vehicle on two different test days, 72 h apart. Rats injected with LiCl
      displayed reduced sucrose intake on both the voluntary intake measure and the
      intraoral intake measure relative to controls (P's<.05). The reduced intake
      observed was of greater magnitude on the second test day of both experiments,
      consistent with conditioning effects. In contrast, LPS reduced sucrose intake
      only when assessed with the traditional intake measure. Intraoral sucrose intake
      remained unchanged relative to controls. The present results provide further
      evidence that activation of the immune system has adverse effects on the
      appetitive phase of ingestion, whereas the consummatory aspects are unaffected.

PMID- 13679229
TI  - Adrafinil disrupts performance on a delayed nonmatching-to-position task in aged
      beagle dogs.
AB  - Previous studies in humans and dogs have reported beneficial effects of adrafinil
      on specific cognitive functions. The effects in dogs are limited to a single
      study examining discrimination learning. We wanted to further explore the
      cognitive effects of adrafinil in dogs. The purpose of the present study was to
      determine the effect of oral administration of adrafinil on visuospatial function
      in dogs. Eighteen aged beagle dogs were tested on a delayed nonmatching-to
      position (DNMP) task 2 h following one of three possible treatments; 20 mg/kg of
      adrafinil, 10 mg/kg of adrafinil or a placebo control. All dogs were tested under
      each treatment for eight test sessions. A 2-day washout period was given between
      treatments and the order of treatments was varied. Treatment with 20 mg/kg of
      adrafinil produced a significant impairment in working memory as indicated by an
      increase in the number of errors over the 8-day test period. The disturbance of
      memory functions from adrafinil could be a result of increased noradrenergic
      transmission in the prefrontal cortex.

PMID- 13679230
TI  - Interaction of astemizole, an H1 receptor antagonist, with conventional
      antiepileptic drugs in mice.
AB  - Histamine is one of the aminergic neurotransmitters, playing an important role in
      the regulation of a number of physiological processes. There are several subtypes
      of histamine receptors-H(1), H(2), H(3) and the recently discovered H(4). H(1)
      receptors exist on mast cells, basophils, enterochromaffin cells and in the
      central nervous system, being located postsynaptically. H(1) receptor
      antagonists, including classical antiallergy drugs, occasionally have been
      expected to induce convulsions in children and epileptics. The aim of this study
      was to evaluate the effects of astemizole-given intraperitoneally, singly or for
      7 days on the anticonvulsant activity of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) against
      maximal electroshock (MES)-induced convulsions in mice. The following AEDs were
      administered intraperitoneally: valproate magnesium, carbamazepine,
      diphenylhydantoin and phenobarbital. Adverse effects were evaluated in the
      chimney test (motor performance) and passive avoidance task (long-term memory).
      Brain and plasma levels of AEDs were measured by immunofluorescence. Astemizole
      (a single dose and following a 7-day treatment at 2-6 mg/kg) reduced the
      threshold for electroconvulsions, being without effect upon this parameter at
      lower doses. Astemizole (1 mg/kg) did not significantly alter the protective
      effect of AEDs against MES (after acute and 7-day administration). Also, acute
      astemizole (2 mg/kg) remained ineffective in this respect. Astemizole (2 mg/kg),
      following chronic administration, significantly reduced the protective efficacy
      of phenobarbital and diphenylhydantoin, reflected by an increase in their ED(50)
      values (50% effective dose necessary to protect 50% of animals tested against
      MES) from 21.1 to 34.0 mg/kg and from 10.4 to 19.2 mg/kg, respectively.
      Astemizole (2 mg/kg) did not alter the protective activity of the remaining AEDs.
      Moreover, astemizole (2 mg/kg) did not influence the free plasma levels and brain
      concentration of the studied AEDs. Also, this H(1) receptor antagonist did not
      impair long-term memory or motor coordination when given acutely. However, 7-day
      treatment with astemizole (2 mg/kg) significantly decreased TD(50) (50% toxic
      dose required to induce motor impairment in 50% of animals) value of
      phenobarbital, being without effect on carbamazepine, valproate and
      diphenylhydantoin in this respect. Similarly, phenobarbital and
      diphenylhydantoin, administered alone at their ED(50)s against MES, or combined
      with astemizole, disturbed long-term memory in mice. The results of this study
      indicate that astemizole may need to be used with caution in epileptic patients.

PMID- 13679231
TI  - Nicotine and ethanol enhancements of acoustic startle reflex are mediated in part
      by dopamine in C57BL/6J mice.
AB  - Nicotine has been shown to have additive as well as antagonistic effects on
      behavior stimulated by ethanol. Here, we examine the effects of nicotine,
      ethanol, and the coadministration of each drug on acoustic startle responding in
      C57BL/6J mice. Mice were tested at a range of decibel levels (80-115 dB, 5 dB
      increments), with administration of 0.031, 0.062, 0.125, and 0.25 mg/kg nicotine
      or 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g/kg ethanol. Nicotine and ethanol each caused an
      increase in the acoustic startle response at the highest and lowest doses tested,
      respectively. Mecamylamine, a nicotinic receptor antagonist, administered in
      combination with nicotine or ethanol attenuated these increases in acoustic
      startle responding. Nicotine and ethanol, administered together, did not produce
      greater enhancement of startle than when administered alone. Haloperidol (1
      mg/kg) was administered in combination with nicotine or ethanol to investigate if
      dopamine modulated nicotine or ethanol enhancement of acoustic startle. It was
      found that the increase in acoustic startle responses observed with ethanol or
      nicotine was attenuated by haloperidol. Thus, ethanol or nicotine may enhance the
      acoustic startle reflex through a common dopaminergic mechanism.

PMID- 13679232
TI  - The NO-cGMP-K+ channel pathway participates in the antinociceptive effect of
      diclofenac, but not of indomethacin.
AB  - The aim of this study was to examine if the peripheral antinociceptive effects of
      diclofenac and indomethacin involve the sequential participation of NO and cGMP
      synthesis followed by potassium channel opening. The peripheral antinociceptive
      effects of diclofenac, indomethacin, pinacidil (a potassium channel opener) and
      atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP, which increases cGMP content in a NO-independent
      manner) were assayed using the formalin test in the rat. All compounds produced
      significant local antinociception. Diclofenac effect was reverted by N(G)-L-nitro
      arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, an inhibitor of NO synthesis), by 1 H-(1,2,4)
      oxadiazolo (4,2-a) quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ, an inhibitor soluble guanylyl cyclase),
      and by the potassium channel blockers glibenclamide, tolbutamide, charybdotoxin
      and apamin. Pinacidil effect was blocked by glibenclamide, tolbutamide,
      charybdotoxin and apamin, strongly suggesting that potassium channel opening
      results in antinociception. ANP effect was inhibited by the potassium channel
      blockers, but not by L-NAME, suggesting that potassium channel opening is a
      consequence of an increased cGMP content. Indomethacin was effective, but at
      doses higher than those of diclofenac, and could not be blocked by L-NAME nor by
      potassium channel blockers. The present results suggest that the L-arginine-NO
      cGMP-potassium channel pathway is involved in the peripheral antinociceptive
      effect of diclofenac, but not of indomethacin, and thus provide evidence for
      differences in mechanisms of action among nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
      (NSAIDs).

PMID- 13679233
TI  - Associative and nonassociative learning after chronic imipramine in rats.
AB  - We investigated effects of 15 daily injections of imipramine (20 mg/kg; in one
      experiment also 10 and 30 mg/kg). The associative learning types (place learning
      and object recognition) as well as nonassociative learning (habituation of
      exploration in an open field and within the object recognition test) were
      studied. Tests were performed immediately after the final injection (early test)
      and 24 h after the final injection (late test). The 5-HT(1A), 5-HT(1B/D), 5
      HT(2A), beta-adrenergic, D(2) receptors were assayed 24 h after the final
      injection and the 5-HT(2A) and beta-adrenergic receptors were also measured 60
      and 96 h after the final injection. While associative types of learning were
      impaired in early tests, they remained unaffected in late tests and, while the
      nonassociative learning (habituation of exploration) remained unaffected in early
      tests, it was changed in late tests. Measured 24 h after the final injection,
      imipramine (20 and 30 mg/kg per day) down-regulated the concentration of beta
      adrenergic and 5-HT(2A) receptors, while leaving all other measured receptors
      unaffected. However, only the down-regulation of the 5-HT(2A) receptor outlasted
      the initial 24-h period after the final injection. On the basis of present and
      previous results, we interpret the impairment of associative types of learning in
      early tests as a reflection of anticholinergic effects of imipramine, while the
      modifications of habituation of exploration in late tests are likely primarily to
      be mediated by imipramine-provoked regulations of serotonergic receptors.

PMID- 13679234
TI  - A new bisphosphonate, YM529 induces apoptosis in HL60 cells by decreasing
      phosphorylation of single survival signal ERK.
AB  - It is believed that bisphosphonates (BPs) induce apoptosis in cells such as
      myeloma cells, as they inhibit prenylation of G-proteins. However, the details of
      the apoptosis-inducing mechanism remain obscure. In the present study, we
      attempted to clarify the mechanism by which YM529, a new bisphosphonate, induces
      apoptosis. YM529 induced cell deaths in HL60 cells in a concentration-dependent
      manner. At that time, we observed an increase in Caspase-3 activity and
      morphological fragmentation of the nuclei. We could confirm that these cell
      deaths were evidence of apoptosis. The apoptosis induced by YM529 was not
      inhibited by the addition of farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP), but was by the
      addition of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP). When we examined the survival
      signals at the time of apoptotic induction, we also observed that the
      administration of YM529 caused a remarkable decrease in the phosphorylation of
      extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). However, other survival
      signals such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB), protein kinase B (Akt), and
      p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38) exhibited no change. In addition, no
      quantitative change was observed in Bcl-2, which is an anti-apoptosis protein. It
      was also observed that apoptosis was induced when U0126, an MEK inhibitor, was
      added to the cells to inhibit ERK. These results suggest that YM529, the new
      bisphosphonate, induced apoptosis when inhibit GGPP synthase and consequently
      decreased the levels of phosphorylated ERK, which is a survival signal; moreover,
      during this process, there is no influence on NF-kappaB, Akt, p38, and Bcl-2. The
      results of this study also suggest that YM529 can be used as an anticancer agent,
      in addition to its use as a therapeutic agent to treat osteoporosis.

PMID- 13679235
TI  - Mechanisms of 17beta-estradiol on the production of ET-1 in ovariectomized rats.
AB  - In order to clarify the mechanism underlying the possible preventive effect of
      estrogen on atherogenesis, we investigated the role of 17beta-estradiol (E2) in
      the regulation of endothelin-1 (ET-1) production in ovariectomized rats, which
      may contribute to atherogenesis. Female Spragure-Dawly rats were randomly divided
      into three groups: sham-operated group (sham), ovariectomized group (OVX) and
      17beta-estradiol replacement group (OVX + E2, 20 microg(-1).kg.d(-1),s.c.). 4
      weeks after operation, the plasma concentration of ET-1, clearance of ET-1,
      functional ECE activity and preproET-1 mRNA expression in aorta were measured.
      Concentration of plasma ET-1 change from 107.8 +/- 18.3 pg/ml (sham) and 135.5 +/
      27.6 pg/ml (OVX + E2) to 190.7 +/- 25.5 pg/ml (OVX ) (n = 8, p < 0.05). There
      was no significant difference in the clearance of 125IET-1 among three groups (p
      > 0.05). Functional ECE activity was increased in OVX group in comparison to that
      in sham group (p < 0.05). The OVX increased the preproET-1 mRNA expression in
      sham, whereas treatment with estrogen reversed these changes (p < 0.05). The
      present study have shown that estrogen down-regulates plasma ET-1 levels by
      inhibiting the preproET-1 mRNA expression and functional ECE activity. Clearance
      of ET-1 was not affected. Inhibition of ET-1 production mediated by modulating
      ECE activity may be one of the novel mechanisms of the protective of estrogens on
      the cardiovascular system.

PMID- 13679236
TI  - Effects of moxifloxacin in zymogen A or S. aureus stimulated human THP-1
      monocytes on the inflammatory process and the spread of infection.
AB  - Antimicrobial agents have been reported to exhibit immunomodulatory and anti
      inflammatory activities, both in vivo and in vitro (e.g., in human lymphocytes,
      macrophages and monocytes). The effects of moxifloxacin on cytokine
      immunomodulatory mediators, free radical generation and hydrolytic enzyme
      activities in zymogen A-stimulated human THP-1 monocytes were evaluated. An
      increase in c-AMP levels, protein kinase C activity, and the release of nitric
      oxide and hydrogen peroxide with a decrease in pH occurred within the first hour.
      Further, the effects of moxifloxacin were reduced by agents which blocked the
      oxygen burst, lysosome-phagosome fusion, and the energy generation within the
      cell. After 4 h, there was a decrease in NAG and cathepsin D activities, lipid
      peroxidation and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These data indicate
      that moxifloxacin may modify the acute-phase inflammatory responses through
      inhibition of cytokine release in monocytes. Moxifloxacin inhibited the release
      of TNFalpha, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8 in a concentration-dependent manner across a
      range of 0.004 to 4 microg/mL. After 4 h, there was a decrease in the release of
      these cytokines, thus interfering with the inflammation process to reduce
      infection and its spread. The effects of moxifloxacin appear initially to
      activate monocytes to kill bacteria through the innate immune process by
      releasing ROS and lysosomal hydrolytic enzymes as well as phagocytosis of the
      organism. At a later time the bacteria are killed through a Bacterialstatic
      mechanism of protein synthesis inhibition and there is a reversal of the effects
      of moxifloxacin on cytokine release, free radical generation and hydrolytic
      enzymes so that lipid peroxidation and tissue destruction by the infection
      process is suppressed.

PMID- 13679237
TI  - Effects of keishi-ka-jutsubu-to (traditional herbal medicine: Gui-zhi-jia-shu-fu
      tang) on in vivo insulin action in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
AB  - This study investigated the effects of the traditional herbal medicine, Keishi-ka
      jutsubu-to (KJT) on insulin action in vivo and insulin signaling in skeletal
      muscle in STZ-induced diabetes. Rats were divided into single and 7-days oral
      administration groups. Euglycemic clamp (insulin infusion rates: 3 and 30
      mU/kg/min) was used in awaked rats and the insulin signaling in skeletal muscle
      was evaluated. At low-dose insulin infusion, the decreased metabolic clearance
      rates of glucose (MCR) in diabetic rats were improved by a single and 7-days
      administration of KJT (800 mg/kg BW, p.o.; acute effect: 6.7 +/- 0.6 vs. 12.3 +/-
      1.2, and 7-days effect: 6.3 +/- 0.5 vs. 13.9 +/- 1.0 ml/kg/min, P<0.001,
      respectively). During high-dose insulin infusion, the MCR was increased in 7-days
      KJT treated diabetes compared with saline diabetes, but, these changes were not
      observed after a single KJT treatment. About 90% of the increasing effect in MCR
      induced by the 7-days KJT treatment was blocked by L-NMMA. However, no further
      additive effects were seen in KJT + SNP treatment. IRbeta protein increase and
      decreased IRS-1 protein expression in diabetes were significantly improved by KJT
      treatment. KJT had no effect on the GLUT4 protein content. The increased tyrosine
      phosphorylation level of IRbeta, IRS-1, and IRS-1 associated with PI 3-kinase
      were significantly inhibited in KJT treated diabetes. The present study suggests
      that the improvement of impaired insulin action in STZ-diabetes by administration
      of KJT may be due, at least in part, to enhanced insulin signaling, which may be
      involved with production of nitric oxide (NO).

PMID- 13679238
TI  - Impact of single neonatal serotonin treatment (hormonal imprinting) on the brain
      serotonin content and sexual behavior of adult rats.
AB  - Hormonal imprinting takes place perinatally at the first encounter between the
      developing receptor and its target hormone. As a consequence of imprinting the
      receptor accomplishes its maturation and reaches the binding capacity
      characteristic to the adult age. In the excess of target hormone or presence of
      molecules similar to the target hormone, which are able to bind to the unmatured
      receptors, faulty imprinting develops with life-long consequences. At present,
      serotonin was given to neonatal rats and their sexual activity, brain serotonin
      level and steroid receptor's binding capacity was measured in adult age. Brain
      serotonin level was significantly reduced in male's striatum and parallel with
      this, male's sexual activity significantly increased. In other regions of the
      male brain (prefrontal cortex, hypothalamus, hippocampus) there was a
      statistically non-significant tendency for a decrease in serotonin level. No
      significant differences were detected in female brain values, and there was only
      slight change in female's sexual activity. There was also no change in the
      binding capacity of thymic glucocorticoid and uterine estrogen receptors. The
      experiments call attention to the possibility of perinatal imprinting by a
      neurotransmitter causing changes in brain neurotransmitter level for life, which
      is manifested in altered sexual activity.

PMID- 13679240
TI  - Cardioprotective effect of the alcoholic extract of Terminalia arjuna bark in an
      in vivo model of myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury.
AB  - The present study was designed to investigate the effects of chronic
      administration of the alcoholic extract of Terminalia arjuna (TAAE) bark on
      isoproterenol induced myocardial injury. The TAAE was administered orally to
      Wistar albino rats (150-200 g) in three different doses, by gastric gavage [3.4
      mg/kg: (T1), 6.75 mg/kg: (T2) and 9.75 mg/kg: (T3)] 6 days/week for 4 weeks. At
      the end of this period, all the animals, except the normal untreated rats that
      served as the control group, were administered isoproterenol (ISO) 85 mg/kg,
      S.C., for two consecutive days to induce in vivo myocardial injury. After 48
      hours rats were anaesthetized with anaesthetic ether, then sacrificed and the
      hearts were harvested for biochemical and histological studies. A significant
      rise in myocardial thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and loss of
      reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (suggestive of
      increased oxidative stress) occurred in the hearts subjected to in vivo
      myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury. The 6.75 mg/kg TAAE treatment group
      (baseline) shows a significant increase in myocardial TBARS as well as endogenous
      antioxidants (GSH, SOD, and catalase), but not in the other treatment groups. In
      in vivo ischemic reperfusion injury of the TAAE treated rats there was a
      significant decrease in TBARS in all the groups. In 6.75 mg/kg treatment group, a
      significant rise in the levels of GSH, SOD and catalase were observed, and it
      shows better recovery profile than the other groups subjected to in vivo ischemic
      reperfusion injury. In histological studies, all the groups, except the
      isoproterenol treated group, showed preserved myocardium. The present study
      demonstrates that the 6.75 mg/kg TAAE augments endogenous antioxidant compounds
      of the rat heart and also prevents the myocardium from isoproterenol induced
      myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury.

PMID- 13679239
TI  - Enhancement of endotoxin-induced vascular hyporeactivity to phenylephrine in the
      thoracic aortas of Mg-deficient rats ex vivo.
AB  - Since endotoxin lethality is enhanced by Mg deficiency in animals, we determined
      whether endotoxin-induced vascular hyporeactivity to phenylephrine (PE) is
      enhanced in Mg-deficient rats. Normal and Mg-deficient adult male Wistar rats
      were injected with Escherichia coli 011: B4 lipopolysaccharide (1 or 5 mg/kg,
      i.p.). Six h later, rings prepared from their thoracic aortas showed severe
      hyporeactivity to PE. This was more pronounced in the Mg-deficient rats, and was
      reversed by in vitro treatment with a highly selective inducible nitric oxide
      (NO) synthase inhibitor, 1400 W, or a highly selective soluble guanylyl cyclase
      inhibitor, ODQ. However, reversal required high doses of both inhibitors in Mg
      deficient rats. Endotoxemia for 6 h was associated with elevated serum
      interleukin (IL)-1beta and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha levels, and strong
      TNF receptor mRNA expression in the abdominal aortas, which were significantly
      greater in the Mg-deficient rats. Treatment of the thoracic aortas, isolated from
      control and Mg-deficient rats before endotoxic challenge, with IL-1beta or TNF
      alpha for 6 h in vitro caused hyporeactivity to PE, but its severity did not
      differ significantly between the two groups. These results suggest that high
      serum IL-1beta and TNF-alpha levels, and increased TNF receptor production in the
      vascular tissue, contribute to vascular hyporeactivity to PE in endotoxemia, and
      to its enhancement in Mg-deficient rats, via NO/cGMP signaling.

PMID- 13679241
TI  - The cannabinoid agonist WIN 55, 212-2 increases nociception threshold in
      cholestatic rats: implications for the treatment of the pruritus of cholestasis.
AB  - Dronabinol, a synthetic agonist at cannabinoid receptors, was reported to
      decrease the pruritus of cholestasis, in an uncontrolled observation. We
      hypothesized that the reported antipruritic effect of dronabinol might have
      resulted from an increased threshold to experience nociception (i.e. pruritus) by
      the drug. To test this hypothesis, we studied the effect of WIN 55, 212-2, a
      cannabinoid agonist, on the threshold to experience nociception, using a tail
      flick assay in rats with cholestasis secondary to bile duct resection and in sham
      resected controls. The administration of WIN 55, 212-2 was associated with a
      significant increase in the mean tail-flick latency in both groups as compared to
      baseline. Pruritus is a nociceptive stimulus; accordingly, drugs that increase
      the threshold to nociception in human beings may be a novel approach to the
      treatment of this symptom in patients with liver disease.

PMID- 13679242
TI  - Cloning of rat telomerase catalytic subunit functional domains, reconstitution of
      telomerase activity and enzymatic profile of pig and chicken tissues.
AB  - Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein polymerase which adds TTAGGG repeats to
      telomeric ends. Recent studies reported the reverse transcription enzyme activity
      mostly from the catalytic subunit (TERT) of the enzyme complex. Both human
      telomerase catalytic subunit (hTERT) and mouse telomerase catalytic subunit
      (mTERT) had been previously cloned but not rat telomerase catalytic subunit
      rTERT. In this study, the rTERT functional domains were cloned and was found that
      its function resemble to mouse and human telomerase. In addition, chicken and pig
      telomerase activity profile were studied and its enzyme activity is related to
      its proliferation capability of individual tissues. However, its catalytic
      subunit does not like mouse, rat and human cases that the telomerase activity
      could not reconstituted by the in-vitro transfection of mTERT and hTERT cloned
      vectors. Here we demonstrated that rTERT is similar to mTERT and hTERT but not
      pig and chicken telomerase. Further studies are needed to verify the malignancy
      characteristics because nowadays artificial organs/tissues from these animals are
      used for the transplantation to human body.

PMID- 13679243
TI  - Circulating leptin levels in newborn rats: a significant post- natal
      developmental effect, independent of dietary polyunsaturated fat levels.
AB  - Leptin expression exhibits developmental and dietary regulation, but it is
      unknown whether there is an interaction of the regulation by dietary fat and
      postnatal development. The purpose of this study was to test the effect of
      different levels of dietary polyunsaturated fat on circulating leptin levels at
      different post-natal developmental stages. Pregnant (Sprague-Dawley) rats
      consumed from day 15 of pregnancy through day 9 of lactation a low fat, (11% of
      energy; LF) polyunsaturated safflower oil diet. From day 9 of lactation, dams and
      their respective pups were fed low, moderate (40% of energy; MF) or high (67% of
      energy; HF) polyunsaturated safflower oil diets to full maturation (56 days).
      Diets were iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous. Milk fatty acid content reflected
      the mothers and pups diet, with 15 to 100 fold less C10:0 and 2.6 to 3.3 fold
      more C18:2 in MF and HF groups compared to LF diet. In newborn rats through post
      natal day 56, levels of polyunsaturated fat in mothers' milk and mothers/pups
      diet had no effect on the levels of circulating leptin. The post-natal
      development period significantly affected circulating leptin levels (p < 0.001,
      15 days = 56 days > 21 days > 28 days). In summary, the developmental postnatal
      stage regulates leptin levels, independently of the polyunsaturated fat levels in
      the diet.

PMID- 13679244
TI  - The vasorelaxation of Antrodia camphorata mycelia: involvement of endothelial
      Ca(2+)-NO-cGMP pathway.
AB  - Antrodia camphorata, a medicinal fungus, has been used to treat cardiovascular
      diseases such as hypertension for many years. The purpose of this study was to
      examine the effects of mycelia extracts, from five Antrodia camphorata strains,
      on vascular tension and underlying mechanisms were explored. In isolated rat
      aortic rings, accession B86 caused concentration-dependent vasorelaxation with
      maximal relaxation of 40.34 +/- 7.53% whereas accessions 35398, 35396 and B71 had
      mild vasorelaxing effects. Strain B85 evoked potent vasorelaxation, partly
      through an endothelium-dependent mechanism that was inhibited by Nomega-nitro-L
      arginine and 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxaline-1-one (ODQ) but not by
      antagonist of K+ channels, tetraethylammonium. In cultured endothelial cells, B85
      stimulated nitric oxide (NO) release and augmented the level of the intracellular
      Ca2+ concentration. HPLC and LC-MS-MS analysis revealed the presence of
      adenosine. Our results suggest that B85 produced strongest vasorelaxation in
      aortic preparations among five test strains. B85 acts in part on endothelial
      cells by activating the Ca(2+)-NO-cGMP pathway to reduce smooth muscle tone.
      However, K+ channels had no apparent roles. Adenosine could possibly be involved
      in the endothelium-dependent pathway of B85-induced vasorelaxation.

PMID- 13679245
TI  - Standardization and statistical approaches to therapeutic trials in the R6/2
      mouse.
AB  - The R6/2 mouse is the most widely used animal model of Huntington's disease (HD),
      a genetic disorder causing movement disorders, personality changes, dementia, and
      premature death, for which there is currently no effective therapy. Use of animal
      models to assess novel therapeutic approaches to HD is currently a major focus of
      research. Progress in this field will depend upon careful standardization of
      experimental protocols, and a sophisticated statistical approach. Here we
      investigate the sources of phenotypic variability in R6/2, and make
      recommendations for the future use of such models in therapeutic trials.

PMID- 13679246
TI  - Effects of V1 and angiotensin receptor subtypes of the paraventricular nucleus on
      the water intake induced by vasopressin injected into the lateral septal area.
AB  - In this study, we investigated the influence of d(CH(2))(5)-Tyr (Me)-AVP (AAVP)
      an antagonist of V(1) receptors of arginine(8)-vasopressin (AVP) and the effects
      of losartan and CGP42112A (selective ligands of the AT(1) and AT(2) angiotensin
      receptors, respectively) injections into the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) on the
      thirst effects of AVP stimulation of the lateral septal area (LSA). AVP injection
      into the LSA increased the water intake in a dose-dependent manner. AAVP injected
      into the PVN produced a dose-dependent reduction of the drinking responses
      elicited by LSA administration of AVP. Both the AT(1) and AT(2) ligands
      administered into the PVN elicited a concentration-dependent inhibition in the
      water intake induced by AVP injected into the LSA, but losartan was more
      effective than CGP42112A the increase in the AVP response. These results indicate
      that LSA dipsogenic effects induced by AVP are mediated primarily by PVN AT(1)
      receptors. However, doses of losartan were more effective when combined with
      CGP42112A than when given alone, suggesting that the thirst induced by AVP
      injections into LSA may involve activation of multiple angiotensin II (ANG II)
      receptor subtypes. These results also suggests that facilitatory effects of AVP
      on water intake into the LSA are mediated through the activation of V(1)
      receptors and that the inhibitory effect requires V(2)-receptors. Based on the
      present findings, we suggest that the administration of AVP into the LSA may play
      a role in the PVN control of water control.

PMID- 13679247
TI  - Ventral hippocampal NMDA blockade and nicotinic effects on memory function.
AB  - Nicotinic acetylcholine and NMDA glutamate receptors play critical roles in
      memory function. The brain areas involved in their interaction are still under
      investigation. One likely area is the hippocampus. Ventral hippocampal
      administration of nicotinic antagonists impair memory. Hippocampal administration
      of NMDA antagonists also cause memory impairments. We evaluated the importance of
      ventral hippocampal NMDA receptors for nicotinic actions on memory by testing the
      impact of systemic nicotine on memory with and without administration of the NMDA
      antagonist dizocilpine into the ventral hippocampus. Sprague-Dawley rats (N=11)
      trained on the 16-arm radial maze were bilaterally implanted with local infusion
      cannulae in the ventral hippocampus. The effects on memory function of ventral
      hippocampal infusions of 0, 2, 6 and 18 microg per side of dizocilpine were
      examined with and without acute systemic nicotine administration (0 or 0.4
      mg/kg). The dizocilpine doses tested did not cause memory deficits by themselves
      but only did so when given in combination with systemic nicotine. Blocking NMDA
      ventral hippocampal actions revealed an impairing action of nicotine on memory.
      Nicotine effects on other non-NMDA hippocampal receptor systems or extra
      hippocampal systems may have been left unchecked by the diminished nicotinic
      effect on ventral hippocampal NMDA receptors.

PMID- 13679248
TI  - Activation of cholinergic pathways from the septum to the subfornical organ area
      under hypovolemic condition in rats.
AB  - In urethane-anesthetized rats, extracellular concentrations of acetylcholine
      (ACh) in the region of the subfornical organ (SFO) in response to electrical
      stimulation of the septum and hypovolemia were monitored with in vivo
      microdialysis methods. Repetitive electrical stimulation (500 microA, 5-20 Hz) of
      the medial septum significantly increased dialysate ACh concentrations in the
      region of the SFO. Non-hypotensive hypovolemia caused by subcutaneous
      administration of polyethylene glycol (PEG, 30%, 5 ml) elicited significantly
      increased ACh levels in the region of the SFO. The hypovolemia-induced ACh
      release was attenuated by microinjection of the local anesthetic lidocaine (2%,
      0.2 microl) into the medial septum. These results suggest that septal cholinergic
      pathways to the SFO area may be activated under the hypovolemic condition.

PMID- 13679249
TI  - Projections from the caudal part to the rostral part of the lateral septal area
      mediate blood pressure increase.
AB  - We previously demonstrated that restraint stress-induced pressor responses were
      inhibited by bilateral microinjection of muscimol into the rostral part of the
      ventral zone of the lateral septal area (LSV). The caudal part of the lateral
      septal area is also reported to be involved in blood pressure regulation. In this
      study, we examined whether the LSV receives projections from the caudal part of
      the dorsal zone of the lateral septal area (LSD) in rats. Injections of a
      fluorescent tracer into the LSV produced maximal retrograde labeling within the
      LSD. Microinjection of carbachol (10-100 pmol) into the LSD produced a dose
      dependent pressor response. The pressor response to carbachol was inhibited by
      microinjection of muscimol (80 pmol) or 4-DAMP (1 nmol) into the ipsilateral side
      of the LSV. Microinjection of muscimol (80 pmol) into the LSD also inhibited the
      pressor response induced by restraint stress. Repeated injections of carbachol
      (30 pmol) into the LSD produced Fos immunoreactivity in the ipsilateral side of
      the LSV. These findings suggest that the LSD projects to the LSV and that these
      projections may be involved in blood pressure increase.

PMID- 13679250
TI  - High fat feeding is associated with increased blood pressure, sympathetic nerve
      activity and hypothalamic mu opioid receptors.
AB  - Obesity and high fat diets are associated with an increased prevalence of
      diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and hypertension. However, the mechanism(s)
      linking obesity and high fat diet to these metabolic and cardiovascular disorders
      are not fully elucidated. Leptin stimulates the formation of pro-opiomelanocortin
      and its products. The stimulation of the central nervous system (CNS) opioids and
      their receptors is associated with an increase in cardiovascular dynamics. In
      this study we hypothesized that obesity changed the CNS opioids and their
      receptors that could play a role in altered cardiovascular and autonomic nervous
      regulation in obesity. Male Wistar rats were fed either a high fat (HF) or
      regular chow (control) diet. After 12 weeks, rats were anesthetized and
      instrumented to record mean arterial pressure (MAP) and renal sympathetic nerve
      activity (RSNA). A blood sample was collected and plasma glucose, insulin,
      leptin, beta-endorphins were measured. The brains were subsequently processed for
      immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. The HF rats were larger and had a
      greater percentage of body fat. Leptin and insulin levels were also higher in the
      HF animals. Basal MAP and RSNA were significantly higher in HF rats.
      Additionally, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization demonstrated that HF
      rats had increased hypothalamus mu opioid receptors compared to controls. These
      studies suggest that HF feeding is associated with increased body fat, plasma
      leptin, insulin, and hypothalamic mu opioid receptors. The increased mu opioid
      receptors may contribute to the higher MAP and RSNA observed in HF animals.

PMID- 13679251
TI  - LHRH release depends on Locus Coeruleus noradrenergic inputs to the medial
      preoptic area and median eminence.
AB  - We tested the hypothesis that Locus Coeruleus (LC) inputs to the medial preoptic
      area (MPOA) and median eminence (ME) are essential for gonadotropin release.
      Proestrus and ovariectomized (OVX) rats were decapitated at 16:00 h. LC
      electrolytic lesion was performed at 11:00 h during proestrus and 24h before
      decapitation in OVX rats. Plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle
      stimulating hormone (FSH) were measured and MPOA and ME were microdissected for
      LHRH content measurement. In addition, FOS protein in LC and MPOA were studied in
      proestrus and OVX rats at 12:00, 15:00, and 17:00 h. On proestrus, LC lesion
      blocked the LH surge and only decreased plasma FSH; in OVX rats the lesion
      induced only a slight decrease on plasma LH without affecting FSH secretion. An
      increased content of LHRH in the MPOA and ME of both groups accompanied the
      decreases of plasma LH. In proestrus, the number of FOS-immunoreactive (FOS-ir)
      neurons increased from 12:00 to 17:00 h in the LC and MPOA. In OVX rats, there
      was an increase at 15:00 h in the LC and a decrease at 17:00 h in both areas. The
      number of FOS-ir neurons was lower in OVX than in proestrus animals. Thus, LC (1)
      is responsible, at least in part, for gonadotropin release through the activation
      of LHRH neurons, (2) is more closely related to the positive than the negative
      feedback, and (3) seems to show an intrinsic cyclic activity which is amplified
      by ovarian steroids.

PMID- 13679252
TI  - Physiological release of striatal acetylcholine (in vivo): effect of somatostatin
      on dopaminergic-cholinergic interaction.
AB  - The effects of somatostatin (SOM) on the release of acetylcholine (ACh) and
      dopamine (DA) from striatum of freely moving rats were studied by transversal
      microdialysis. Acetylcholine (ACh) and dopamine (DA) were detected by high
      performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection.
      Somatostatin (0.1, 0.5 and 1 microM), administered locally through the
      microdialysis probe to the striatum, was able to release dose-dependently ACh
      from the cholinergic neurons of the striatum. The increase in the extracellular
      levels of ACh produced by 1 microM SOM in the striatum reached a maximum of 200%.
      ACh-releasing effect of SOM was completely inhibited by tetrodotoxin indicating
      that neuronal firing is involved in its effect. Local infusion of sulpiride, 10
      microM, D(2) receptor antagonist, potentiated (about 100%) the SOM (1 microM)
      induced release of ACh. SOM, 1 microM, was more effective in enhancing the
      release of ACh in the striatum (two-fold increase) after degeneration of the
      nigrostriatal DA pathway with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) (250 microg/animal,
      i.c.v.). The D(2) receptor agonists bromcriptine, 10 microM, or apomorphine, 10
      microM, completely antagonize SOM-induced release. SOM, 1 microM, enhanced the
      release of DA (about 400%). These findings indicate that SOM is capable of
      releasing both ACh and DA in the striatum, however, its effect on ACh release is
      partially masked unless the D(2) receptor-mediated tonic inhibitory effect of
      released DA from the nigro-striatal pathway is attenuated.

PMID- 13679253
TI  - Effects of local and intravenous anesthetics on the activity of glutamate
      transporter type 2.
AB  - Glutamate transporters may be important targets for anesthetic action in the
      central nervous system. The authors investigated the effects of the intravenous
      anesthetics, thiopental and ketamine, and the local anesthetics, lidocaine and
      bupivacaine, on the activity of glutamate transporter type 2, EAAT2. EAAT2 was
      expressed in Xenopus oocytes by injection of its mRNA. By using two-electrode
      voltage clamping, membrane currents were recorded after the application of L
      glutamate (30 microM) in the presence or absence of various concentrations of
      anesthetics. Lidocaine and bupivacaine did not change glutamate-induced inward
      currents at the tested concentrations (1-1000 microM). Thiopental and ketamine
      also did not affect the activity of EAAT2 at the tested concentrations (0.3-300
      microM). Our results suggest that the two commonly used local anesthetics
      (lidocaine and bupivacaine) and intravenous anesthetics (thiopental and ketamine)
      do not affect the activity of EAAT2 expressed in oocytes. EAAT2 may not be a
      target for these anesthetics.

PMID- 13679254
TI  - Intracerebroventricular injection of erythropoietin enhances sleep in the rat.
AB  - Systemic injection of erythropoietin (EPO) over several days reduces sleep
      fragmentation in patients with periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS). However,
      there are no studies concerning the effects of EPO on spontaneous sleep. In this
      study, we determined the effects of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.)
      administration of EPO on spontaneous rat sleep. Three doses of EPO (25, 75, and
      125 ng) were injected i.c.v. at the onset of the dark period. All doses of EPO
      increased non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS). In addition, high and low doses
      of EPO (125 and 25 ng) increased rapid eye movement sleep (REMS), but the medium
      dose of EPO (75 ng) inhibited REMS. Electroencephalogram slow-wave activity
      during NREMS also increased following the two higher doses of EPO. In contrast,
      EPO injection during the light period failed to affect sleep. Brain temperature
      (Tbr) was not affected by any dose of EPO. These results suggest that EPO could
      be part of the cytokine network involved in sleep regulation.

PMID- 13679255
TI  - Primary cell culture of suprachiasmatic nucleus.
AB  - In mammals, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) contains a biological clock that
      drives circadian rhythms in vivo and in vitro. Primary dissociated neuronal
      culture is a useful research tool, which allows cell-by-cell morphological and
      physiological study of the SCN. A long-term primary dissociated SCN neuron
      culture is the prerequisite to understanding how neural activity and morphology
      interact in the SCN. The essential details of recent effective SCN culture
      methods are reviewed, including preparation of cells, medium and substrate,
      maintenance of cultures, and characterization of cultured SCN neurons. This
      technique is growing in importance, especially with the advent of multi-electrode
      array (MEA) recording.

PMID- 13679257
TI  - Cerebral hemodynamics in carotid occlusive disease.

PMID- 13679258
TI  - Perfusion MR and the evaluation of meningiomas: is it important surgically?

PMID- 13679260
TI  - Horner syndrome related to ipsilateral carotid wall hematoma after stent
      placement for the treatment of carotid stenoses.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We prospectively studied the incidence and natural
      history of Horner syndrome following stent-supported percutaneous angioplasty of
      the carotid artery (SPAC). We assessed the hypothesis that postinterventional
      Horner syndrome is related to ipsilateral carotid wall hematoma. METHODS: We
      performed duplex sonography of the carotid arteries and clinical examination in
      28 consecutive patients before and 4 hours +/- 2, 24 hours +/- 2, and 7 days +/-
      1 after SPAC. RESULTS: Within 24 hours +/- 2 after SPAC, 11 of the 28 patients
      developed ipsilateral Horner syndrome. Ten of these 11 patients had a
      postinterventional sonographic appearance of a carotid wall hematoma, whereas
      only two of the 17 patients without Horner syndrome had this finding (P <.001).
      In all patients, both Horner syndrome and carotid wall hematoma had resolved 7
      days +/- 1 after SPAC. CONCLUSION: Horner syndrome appears to be a common yet
      transient event after SPAC. Although postinterventional Horner syndrome is
      significantly related to ipsilateral carotid wall hematoma, causality of the
      procedure-related formation of a carotid wall hematoma and oculosympathetic
      disturbance remains unproven.

PMID- 13679261
TI  - Small-vessel stents for intracranial angioplasty: in vitro comparison of
      different stent designs and sizes by using CT angiography.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Our purpose was to evaluate whether CT angiography is a
      suitable alternative to conventional angiography in the evaluation of small
      vessel stents for intracranial angioplasty. METHODS: CT angiographic appearances
      of 23 stents of different designs and sizes (2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 mm) were
      investigated after they were filled with a solution of 0.9% NaCl or diluted
      contrast medium. For each stent, artificial lumen narrowing (ALN) was measured,
      and the difference in the number of pixels with a Hounsfield value below 200 HU
      between the two filling states, DIFF(HU<200), was calculated to provide an
      objective indicator of the size of the evaluable stent diameter. RESULTS: With a
      window width of 1500 HU at a window level of 400 HU, ALN ranged from 66.8% to
      97.7% in the group of 2.0-mm stents and from 38.6% to 66.8% in the groups of 3.0-
      and 4.0-mm stents. For the 2.0-mm stents, DIFF(HU<200) was zero. In the groups of
      3.0- and 4.0-mm stents, DIFF(HU<200) ranged from 0.3 to 6.7, corresponding to a
      diameter of 0.13-3.0 mm, when the pixel size was presupposed to be 0.449 mm.
      CONCLUSION: CT angiographic evaluation of small-vessel patency after stent
      placement is considerably impaired by ALN. Stent manufacturers should be aware of
      potential artifacts caused by their stents during noninvasive diagnostic studies
      such as CT angiography.

PMID- 13679259
TI  - Short-term changes in cerebral microhemodynamics after carotid stenting.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The cerebral hemodynamic sequelae of interventions in
      patients with severe internal carotid artery (ICA) stenoses are not fully
      understood. In this study, we sought to determine the immediate changes in
      cerebral perfusion characteristics, determined by MR imaging in patients who have
      undergone unilateral transluminal angioplasty and stent placement. METHODS:
      Eleven patients with symptomatic high-grade ICA stenosis underwent MR imaging
      within 4 hours before and within 3 hours after carotid stent placement. First
      pass gadolinium-enhanced imaging of perfusion was performed by using a gradient
      recalled echo-planar technique. Localized relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV)
      and bolus first-moment transit time (TT(FM)) were calculated for different
      vascular territories (middle, anterior, and posterior cerebral arteries) in each
      hemisphere. RESULTS: Significantly longer TT(FM) (P <.005) was observed in the
      symptomatic territory of the middle cerebral artery before intervention. After
      intervention, TT(FM) remained significantly longer in this territory (P <.05).
      However, the magnitude of the interhemispheric asymmetry had declined
      significantly (50-60% reduction; P <.05). No significant differences or changes
      in rCBV were identified between hemispheres, between images, or in areas of
      unilateral leptomeningeal enhancement after intervention. CONCLUSION: MR can
      demonstrate short-term partial resolution of timing asymmetry in interhemispheric
      perfusion after angioplasty and stent insertion for severe stenosis of the ICA.

PMID- 13679262
TI  - Transfer of a self-expanding stent to a braided microcatheter with the aid of
      transcatheter illumination: technical report and illustrative case.
AB  - A new self-expanding stent approved for the treatment of wide-necked intracranial
      aneurysms can be difficult to deploy in tortuous vascular anatomy. Some of the
      difficulty may be attributed to deformation of the delivery microcatheter. We
      describe a technique for transferring the stent into a braided microcatheter.

PMID- 13679263
TI  - Neurophysiological monitoring in the endovascular therapy of aneurysms.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Endovascular aneurysm therapy has associated risks of
      ischemic complications. We undertook this study to evaluate the efficacy of
      neurophysiological monitoring (NPM) techniques in the detection of ischemic
      changes that may be seen during endovascular treatment of cerebral aneurysms.
      METHODS: Thirty-five patients underwent NPM during endovascular treatment of
      cerebral aneurysms. The patients underwent a total of 50 endovascular procedures,
      including balloon test occlusion (19 patients), GDC embolization (22 patients),
      and permanent vessel occlusion (nine patients). NPM included
      electroencephalography, somatosensory evoked potentials, and/or brain stem
      auditory evoked potentials, depending on the location of the aneurysm. RESULTS:
      NPM changes were seen in nine (26%) of 35 patients and altered the management in
      five (14%) of 35 patients. In three of the five cases, NPM changes were observed
      without corresponding neurologic physical examination changes after balloon test
      occlusion (performed while the patients were under general anesthesia in two
      cases). In the two other cases in which NPM changes altered management, ischemia
      was detected at the time of intra-aneurysmal therapy while the patients were
      under general anesthesia. Overall, 18 of 35 patients underwent a total of 19
      balloon test occlusion procedures. Of the 17 remaining patients, 13 underwent
      aneurysm coiling, two were not treated because of inability to safely place
      coils, and two were treated for distal aneurysms. Two patients developed
      transient neurologic deficits without concurrent NPM changes, representing false
      negative NPM test results. CONCLUSION: NPM is a valuable adjunct to endovascular
      treatment of cerebral aneurysms. Our study suggests that these monitoring
      techniques may reduce ischemic complications and can be used to help guide
      therapeutic decisions.

PMID- 13679264
TI  - Ventriculostomy-related cerebral hemorrhages after endovascular aneurysm
      treatment.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Recent evidence suggests that endovascular treatment of
      acutely ruptured aneurysms is equivalent, if not superior, to surgical treatment.
      Not all patients who undergo endovascular treatment do well, however. We have
      identified ventriculostomy-related hemorrhage to be a potential source of
      morbidity and mortality. METHODS: Prospectively gathered data on patients (n =
      51) admitted to a hospital for the endovascular treatment of acutely ruptured
      aneurysms during a 2.5-year period was analyzed. RESULTS: Twenty-four patients
      had drains inserted, and three suffered symptomatic ventriculostomy-related
      cerebral hemorrhages. Two of the three patients were being treated with heparin,
      one of whom also received clopidogrel, and the third was being treated with low
      molecular weight heparin at the time. The latter had a normal platelet count,
      prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time. All cerebral
      hemorrhages were deemed to have occurred as a result of drain manipulation.
      CONCLUSION: The risk of hemorrhage must be considered when using anticoagulation
      and antiplatelet therapy in patients requiring ventriculostomy.
      Interventionalists must not only work closely with neurosurgeons when it is
      anticipated that a ventriculostomy may be needed but also ensure that there is
      good communication with the neurosurgical team during the postprocedural period.

PMID- 13679265
TI  - Technical feasibility of embolizing aneurysms with glue (N-butyl 2
      cyanoacrylate): experimental study in rabbits.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Liquid embolic agents may have potential as a therapeutic
      option to reconstruct a defective vessel wall. We evaluated the feasibility of
      transarterial glue embolization in surgically constructed carotid artery
      aneurysms. METHODS: Reconstruction of arterial wall defects with use of glue
      casts was performed in 16 surgically constructed aneurysms of carotid arteries in
      rabbits. Via the transfemoral route, glue was injected without balloon protection
      through a microcatheter into the aneurysmal sac with (n = 8) and without (n = 8)
      a framework of coils. To identify safe and effective methods, four concentrations
      (28%, 33%, 40%, 50%) of glue-iodized oil mixtures were used in four aneurysms
      each. Immediate (n = 16) and 2-month follow-up (n = 10) postembolization
      angiograms were obtained to evaluate the residual aneurysmal sac and the carotid
      artery patency. RESULTS: Continuous column injection of glue was possible in all
      aneurysms, without fragmented migration of the injected glue cast. Catheter
      sticking or breakage did not occur during catheter retrieval. Glue embolization
      without a framework of coils (n = 8) resulted in complete obliteration of the
      aneurysmal sac in five aneurysms and incomplete obliteration with a small
      residual lumen in three. Two aneurysms resulted in carotid occlusion after
      catheter removal. A follow-up angiogram (n = 4) showed decreased residual lumen
      in two aneurysms, no change in the complete aneurysm occlusion in one, and
      carotid occlusion in one. Glue embolization with a coil framework (n = 8)
      resulted in complete obliteration of the aneurysmal sac in six aneurysms and
      incomplete obliteration with a small residual lumen in two. A small amount of
      spillage occurred in one owing to the improper position of the microcatheter
      caused by a difficult neck angle to the parent artery. Follow-up angiograms (n =
      6) showed decreased residual lumen in one of two aneurysms and no change of the
      complete occlusion in five of six aneurysms. CONCLUSION: Effective glue
      embolization into the aneurysmal sac is technically feasible. Microcatheter
      position within the aneurysm, concentration of glue, and direction of the
      aneurysmal neck angle all must be considered. With a coil framework, glue
      injection was more complete, without deformity or spillage of the glue from the
      aneurysm.

PMID- 13679266
TI  - Hydroxyapatite ceramics as a particulate embolic material: report of the physical
      properties of the hydroxyapatite particles and the animal study.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Hydroxyapatite ceramic microparticles are newly developed
      embolic materials. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics,
      embolic properties of hydroxyapatite ceramic microparticles, and effects of
      transcatheter embolization from an angiographic standpoint and to
      histopathologically evaluate the results of animal experimentation. METHODS:
      After physical evaluation of the characteristics and embolic properties of
      hydroxyapatite microparticles (100-250 micro m in diameter), microcatheter
      superselective renal artery embolization was performed in rabbits by using this
      material. Follow-up angiography and histopathologic study of 18 rabbits were
      performed at different intervals within 24 weeks after embolization. RESULTS: No
      microcatheter clogging was observed because of excellent visibility of this
      material in the suspension and because of its excellent navigability due to its
      nearly oval shape with no "spines." Angiographic renal arterial devascularization
      was consistently obtained without unexpected proximal occlusions; follow-up
      angiography showed persistent occlusion. Histopathologic evaluation confirmed
      satisfactory embolization of peripheral arteries. Chronic inflammatory cells were
      observed in several vessels containing hydroxyapatite microparticles. No evidence
      of angionecrosis, hemorrhage, or extraluminal migration was noted in any
      sections. CONCLUSION: Hydroxyapatite microparticles are excellent biocompatible
      embolic materials with good visibility during injection control, capable of
      producing effective occlusion of the distal arteriocapillary bed.

PMID- 13679268
TI  - Transvenous sonographically guided percutaneous access for treatment of an
      indirect carotid cavernous fistula.
AB  - When standard transarterial or transvenous interventional techniques failed to
      provide access to treat an indirect carotid cavernous fistula, we used
      sonographically guided direct percutaneous access through the facial vein to
      successfully embolize a lesion.

PMID- 13679267
TI  - Hydroxyapatite ceramics as a particulate embolic material: report of the clinical
      experience.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Our newly developed biocompatible embolic materials,
      hydroxyapatite ceramic microparticles, have good visibility during injection
      control and were shown to be capable of producing effective occlusion of the
      distal arteriocapillary bed in an experimental animal study. The purpose of this
      present study was to evaluate hydroxyapatite ceramic microparticles for use in
      human meningioma embolization. METHODS: Thirteen patients with meningiomas
      underwent preoperative superselective embolization with the use of hydroxyapatite
      microparticles. Radiologic and histopathologic studies of the surgical specimens
      were performed. RESULTS: During embolization, no microcatheter clogging was
      observed and angiographic devascularization was consistently obtained without
      unexpected proximal occlusions. Histopathologic findings showed that there was
      mild inflammatory response in the thrombosed lumen. CONCLUSION: Hydroxyapatite
      microparticles are excellent embolic materials for the treatment of human
      meningioma. They have excellent biocompatibility and good injection control,
      which produces occlusion of the distal arteriocapillary bed.

PMID- 13679269
TI  - Glaucoma as a complication of superselective ophthalmic angiography.
AB  - We report a case of glaucoma that resulted as a complication of superselective
      ophthalmic angiography in a 67-year-old man with a recurrent olfactory groove
      meningioma. Superselective angiography in the right ophthalmic artery was
      performed to confirm the orifice of the feeding arteries during preoperative
      embolization. Immediately after the fourth injection of contrast medium, the
      patient suffered from acute angle-closure glaucoma with elevation of intraocular
      pressure. Early treatment, including laser iridotomy, relieved the symptoms
      completely.

PMID- 13679271
TI  - Diagnosing variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease with the pulvinar sign: MR imaging
      findings in 86 neuropathologically confirmed cases.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) is a rare but
      important cause of dementia and death in young patients and is causally linked to
      bovine spongiform encephalopathy. Symmetrical hyperintensity in the pulvinar
      (posterior) nuclei of the thalamus (pulvinar sign) on brain MR images was
      described as a specific, noninvasive, diagnostic sign of vCJD in a previous small
      series. This purpose of this larger study was to evaluate this sign prospectively
      and further define the MR imaging characteristics of vCJD. METHODS: As part of
      the ongoing surveillance program in the United Kingdom, MR images of suspected
      cases of vCJD were collected during a 6-year period. All available images were
      assessed prospectively by one observer for the presence of the pulvinar sign.
      Images of neuropathologically confirmed cases were then assessed independently by
      two neuroradiologists for the degree of hyperintensity of the pulvinar on images
      of different MR sequences, and for the presence of abnormal hyperintensity in
      other areas of the brain. Discrepancies were reviewed jointly and a consensus
      opinion formed. RESULTS: Prospective analysis identified the pulvinar sign in 74
      of 82 cases of vCJD. In the retrospective study, the pulvinar sign, as defined by
      hyperintensity of the pulvinar relative to the anterior putamen, was present on
      seven (9%) of 75 T1-weighted, 77 (71%) of 108 T2-weighted, 47 (81%) of 58 proton
      density-weighted, and 30 (100%) of 30 fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR)
      images. Diffusion-weighted images were available in two cases and were positive
      for the pulvinar sign in one. Other features were hyperintensity of the
      dorsomedial thalamic nuclei (93%), caudate head (40%), and periaqueductal gray
      matter (83%) on FLAIR images. CONCLUSION: In the appropriate clinical context,
      demonstration of the pulvinar sign on MR images is a highly accurate diagnostic
      sign for vCJD. FLAIR sequence is more sensitive than other sequences. Positive MR
      images may obviate more invasive diagnostic tests in most cases.

PMID- 13679270
TI  - Dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion MR imaging measurements of endothelial
      permeability: differentiation between atypical and typical meningiomas.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The measurement of relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV)
      and the volume transfer constant (K(trans)) by means of dynamic contrast-enhanced
      (DCE) perfusion MR imaging (pMRI) can be useful in characterizing brain tumors.
      The purpose of our study was to evaluate the utility of these measurements in
      differentiating typical meningiomas and atypical meningiomas. METHODS: Fifteen
      patients with pathologically confirmed typical meningiomas and seven with
      atypical meningiomas underwent conventional imaging and DCE pMRI before
      resection. rCBV measurements were calculated by using standard intravascular
      indicator dilution algorithms. K(trans) was calculated from the same DCE pMRI
      data by using a new pharmacokinetic modeling (PM) algorithm. Results were
      compared with pathologic findings. RESULTS: Mean rCBV was 8.02 +/- 4.74 in the 15
      typical meningiomas and 10.50 +/- 2.1 in the seven atypical meningiomas. K(trans)
      was 0.0016 seconds(-1) +/- 0.0012 in the typical group and 0.0066 seconds(-1) +/-
      0.0026 in the atypical group. The difference in K(trans) was statistically
      significant (P <.01, Student t test). Other parameters generated with the PM
      algorithm (plasma volume, volume of the extravascular extracellular space, and
      flux rate constant) were not significantly different between the two tumor types.
      CONCLUSION: DCE pMRI may have a role in the prospective characterization of
      meningiomas. Specifically, the measurement of K(trans) is of use in
      distinguishing atypical meningiomas from typical meningiomas.

PMID- 13679272
TI  - The natural history of cerebellar hemangioblastomas in von Hippel-Lindau disease.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cerebellar hemangioblastomas (HBs) are traditionally
      classified into different morphologic types: cystic and solid. We have observed
      the progression from solid to cystic and have reviewed the cases seen at the
      regional von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) clinic to document the frequency of this
      progression. METHODS: A retrospective review of the notes and images of all
      patients with VHL disease seen at a regional referral clinic since its inception
      in 1991. Sporadic HBs were not included in this study. RESULTS: In eight
      patients, a total of 28 tumors were detected. Fourteen of these had or developed
      cysts. Of the 14 cystic tumors, eight increased in size over the follow-up
      period. Of the 14 solid tumors, only one increased in size without cystic change.
      In four patients, the tumor progressed from a cerebellar nodule to an enlarging
      cyst with a nodule, with the subsequent development of symptoms requiring
      surgical excision. CONCLUSION: We have demonstrated that, in VHL, cerebellar HBs
      begin as nodules, and some subsequently develop enlarging cysts that cause
      pressure symptoms. In our patient population, tumors that remained solid were
      asymptomatic and well tolerated in the cerebellum.

PMID- 13679273
TI  - Morphology of the inner structure of the hippocampal formation in Alzheimer
      disease.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To our knowledge, inner structural alterations of the
      hippocampus have never been demonstrated because of the lack of contrast between
      the hippocampus proper and the superficial medullary lamina. We sought to
      demonstrate the anatomic details of the inner hippocampus and to elucidate its
      alterations in Alzheimer disease (AD) in vivo. METHODS: We obtained multishot
      diffusion- and T2-weighted MR images in 14 healthy control subjects and 26
      patients with mild or moderate AD (diagnosis based on Mini-Mental Status
      Examination scores). We measured the width of the subiculum, CA1 and CA3-4, and
      the height of CA3-4 on coronal images. RESULTS: The subiculum and hippocampus
      proper were demonstrated as whirlpool-shaped hyperintense areas, and the
      superficial medullary lamina was visible as a hypointense structure along the
      inner margin of the hippocampus proper. Regarding the width of the subiculum and
      CA1, intergroup analysis revealed significant differences between the control and
      mild or moderate AD groups. In the width of CA3-4, we found no significant
      difference between the control and mild AD groups; however, differences between
      the control and moderate AD groups and between the mild and moderate AD groups
      were significant. In the height of CA3-4, we observed no significant differences
      between groups. CONCLUSION: We clearly visualized the inner structure of the
      hippocampal formation by using multishot diffusion-weighted imaging. The
      subiculum and CA1 are the most vulnerable regions in AD, and atrophy of these
      structures was evident in both mild and moderate AD.

PMID- 13679274
TI  - Apparent diffusion coefficient measurements in the hippocampi in patients with
      temporal lobe seizures.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Loss of neurons results in a relative increase in
      extracellular space that may lead to altered apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)
      values in the hippocampi of patients with seizures. Our purpose was to determine
      if ADC values along the long axis of hippocampi are useful in evaluating patients
      with partial complex seizures. METHODS: Hippocampi of 23 patients with partial
      complex seizures and 25 healthy volunteers were evaluated with MR imaging and ADC
      maps. MR images were evaluated for loss of volume and/or high signal intensity on
      T2-weighted images and compared with ADC maps. ADCs were compared between
      patients and controls, as were ADCs along the length of each hippocampus. Mean
      and SDs were obtained for each measurement, and level of significance was
      determined (P <.05). The relationship between clinical lateralization and MR
      imaging and ADCs was studied. RESULTS: No significant variations were found in
      the ADCs in controls (side to side and along hippocampi). In patients,
      abnormalities were seen with MR imaging alone in 16, with ADC in 14, and with
      both in 21. Of 23 hippocampi with an abnormal MR appearance, 14 had abnormal
      ADCs. Nine hippocampi with a normal MR appearance had abnormal ADCs. Normal MR
      appearance and ADCs were seen in 13 hippocampi. Most abnormal ADCs were seen in
      the anterior aspect of the hippocampi. All differences were statistically
      significant. Of 19 patients who underwent clinical testing, unequivocal
      lateralization was established in 10. Concordance between clinical tests and MR
      imaging, ADC, and MR imaging plus ADC was found in five, five, and seven
      patients, respectively. CONCLUSION: Visual assessment was better than ADCs alone
      for detection of abnormal hippocampi. MR imaging plus ADCs was better than either
      technique alone. ADCs may be abnormal when MR images are unremarkable.
      Concordance with clinical lateralization was better when MR imaging and ADC were
      jointly evaluated than when either technique was evaluated separately.

PMID- 13679275
TI  - Whole-brain N-acetylaspartate level and cognitive performance in HIV infection.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In the brain of HIV-infected patients, proton MR
      spectroscopic studies are typically used to examine small volumes of tissue with
      single-voxel methods. Since brain disease is diffuse in patients with HIV, such
      studies preclude assessment of the true extent of the metabolic burden. To assess
      this extent, the relationship between global neuronal integrity, reflected by the
      whole-brain N-acetylaspartate (WBNAA) concentration, was correlated with
      neuropsychological function and the AIDS dementia complex (ADC) stage score.
      METHODS: WBNAA levels were compared between 15 HIV-infected patients (seven
      symptomatic, eight asymptomatic) and 13 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects.
      The patients' WBNAA level was correlated with cognitive performance, as measured
      with a battery of eight tests (NPZ-8), including the ADC stage score and four
      total-memory, mood, motor, and processing speed subtests. RESULTS: WBNAA levels
      were significantly different between patients and healthy subjects (mean +/-
      sigma, 11.82 +/- 1.40 and 12.91 +/- 1.03 mmol/L, respectively; P =.032) after we
      adjusted for age and sex effects. Intermediate negative correlations were found
      between the WBNAA level, the processing speed subtest score (r = -0.50, P =.03),
      and the ADC stage score (r = -0.44, P =.05). CONCLUSION: The WBNAA concentration
      complements brain atrophy data with information about the quality of the
      remaining neuronal and axonal tissue in patients with HIV infection. In HIV
      infected patients, its correlation with processing speed and the ADC score
      indicates that the latter reflects pathologic deficits, which are extensive
      throughout the brain.

PMID- 13679276
TI  - Delayed encephalopathy of acute carbon monoxide intoxication: diffusivity of
      cerebral white matter lesions.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Carbon monoxide intoxication has delayed effects on the
      cerebral white matter characterized by bilateral, confluent lesions that reflect
      diffuse demyelination. To increase our understanding of this process, we assessed
      the diffusion characteristics of these lesions. METHODS: Five consecutive
      patients with delayed encephalopathy of CO intoxication were examined with
      diffusion MR imaging. Diffusion-weighted images (DWIs) were obtained 25-95 days
      after their exposure to CO and during a relapse of neuropsychiatric symptoms,
      which occurred after an initial recovery. Imaging was performed at 1.5 T by using
      a spin-echo echo-planar sequence with diffusion gradients of 0, 500, and 1000
      s/mm(2). DWIs and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were visually
      evaluated, and mean ADCs were calculated from the periventricular white matter
      and the centrum semiovale, where confluent hyperintensity was seen on T2-weighted
      images. Findings were compared with those of normal-looking white matter.
      RESULTS: In all five patients, both T2-weighted images and DWIs showed the white
      matter lesions as bilateral, diffuse, confluent areas of hyperintensity in the
      periventricular white matter and centrum semiovale. On ADC maps, these lesions
      were isointense, with focal areas of hypointensity (n = 4) or diffuse
      hypointensity (n = 1). Mean ADC values of the white matter lesions were
      significantly lower than those of normal-looking white matter, regardless of
      their isointensity or hypointensity on ADC maps (P <.05). CONCLUSION: Bilateral,
      confluent, white matter lesions in patients with delayed encephalopathy of CO
      intoxication show decreased diffusivity.

PMID- 13679277
TI  - Anatomy and frequency of large pontomesencephalic veins on 3D CT angiograms of
      the circle of Willis.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The pontomesencephalic veins (PMVs), especially the
      anterior PMV, are sometimes large enough that they could potentially affect the
      interpretation of CT angiograms of the circle of Willis. We investigated the
      frequency and anatomy of visible PMVs on 3D CT angiograms. METHODS: CT angiograms
      of 211 consecutive patients who underwent CT angiography for a variety of
      clinical indications were evaluated retrospectively. Images evaluated by
      consensus between two neuroradiologists were maximum intensity projection and
      volume-rendered 3D CT angaiograms. RESULTS: Visible PMVs were present on 3D CT
      angiograms in 11 (5.2%) of 211 patients. Eight of 11 patients had a visible
      anterior PMV behind the basilar artery. In four patients, the venous caliber of
      the anterior PMV was sufficiently large enough to be potentially confused with
      arterial structures. In one patient, 3D CT angiography revealed a large anterior
      PMV (approximately 2.6 mm in diameter) in the interpeduncular cistern, which had
      been mistaken for subarachnoid hemorrhage on a nonenhanced CT scan. Two patients
      had interpeduncular veins of the anterior PMV draping over the dome of a basilar
      tip aneurysm. In only one patient was the anterior PMV visible possibly owing to
      arteriovenous malformation. One patient had visible lateral mesencephalic veins,
      and four patients had visible transverse pontine veins. In one case, on certain
      views, the transverse pontine veins appeared to arise from the basilar artery.
      CONCLUSION: Because of their small size, PMVs were seen only infrequently on 3D
      CT angiograms, but neuroradiologists should be familiar with the normal variants
      of large PMVs to avoid diagnostic and anatomic confusion.

PMID- 13679278
TI  - MR imaging of dural arteriovenous fistulas draining into cerebellar cortical
      veins.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Retrograde leptomeningeal venous drainage (RLVD) in a
      dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) is associated with intracerebral hemorrhage,
      nonhemorrhagic neurologic deficit, or death, and recognizing the presence of this
      drainage is important. We investigated the MR findings of DAVFs draining into
      cerebellar cortical veins and compared these findings with those of conventional
      angiography. METHODS: The MR and angiographic findings of six patients (five men,
      one woman; mean age, 73.4 years) with DAVF with RLVD into cerebellar cortical
      veins were reviewed retrospectively. Signal intensity characteristics, contrast
      material enhancement, topography of the lesion, and presence of signal voids were
      evaluated on MR images. Site of the shunt, feeding arteries, and draining veins
      were evaluated on angiograms. RESULTS: In all patients, MR images showed high
      signal intensity on T2-weighted images and peripheral enhancement on gadolinium
      enhanced T1-weighted images at the inferior aspect of the cerebellar hemisphere.
      A combination of posterior meningeal and occipital arteries was the most frequent
      blood supply (83%) for these DAVFs. In all six patients, the inferior hemispheric
      vein was the primary draining vein. CONCLUSION: The characteristic MR findings of
      DAVF draining into cerebellar cortical veins represent venous congestive
      encephalopathy in the territory of the involved cortical vein.

PMID- 13679279
TI  - Relationship between caffeine-induced changes in resting cerebral perfusion and
      blood oxygenation level-dependent signal.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Recent interest has emerged in the use of pharmacologic
      methods to maximize blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal intensity
      changes in functional MR imaging (fMRI). Adenosine antagonists, such as caffeine
      and theophylline, have been identified as potential agents for this purpose. The
      present study was designed to determine whether caffeine-induced decreases in
      cerebral perfusion result in enhanced BOLD responses to visual and auditory
      stimuli. METHODS: MR imaging was used to measure resting cerebral perfusion and
      stimulus-induced BOLD signal intensity changes in 19 patients. We evaluated the
      relationship between resting cerebral perfusion and the magnitude of BOLD signal
      intensity induced by visual and auditory stimulation under caffeine and placebo
      conditions. RESULTS: The data showed that changes in resting cerebral perfusion
      produced by caffeine are not a consistent predictor of BOLD signal intensity
      magnitude. Although all cerebral perfusion was reduced in all study participants
      in response to caffeine, only 47% of the participants experienced BOLD signal
      intensity increase. This finding was independent of the participants' usual
      caffeine consumption. CONCLUSION: The data presented herein show that the
      relationship between resting cerebral perfusion and the magnitude of BOLD signal
      intensity is complex. It is not possible to consistently enhance BOLD signal
      intensity magnitude by decreasing resting perfusion with caffeine. Future studies
      aimed at evaluating the relationship between perfusion and BOLD signal intensity
      changes should seek a means to selectively modulate known components of the
      neural and vascular responses independently.

PMID- 13679280
TI  - Neuro-Behcet's disease: diffusion MR imaging and proton MR spectroscopy.
AB  - We herein report the case of a 53-year-old woman with Behcet's disease and an
      acute T2-hyperintense lesion in left side of the pons. Echo-planar "trace"
      diffusion MR imaging revealed high signal intensity changes at the lesion site on
      b = 1000 s/mm(2) images, initially suggesting restricted diffusion. On
      corresponding apparent diffusion coefficient maps, however, the lesion had high
      signal intensity and high apparent diffusion coefficient values (1.22 x 10(-3)
      mm(2)/s), compared with the contralateral normal side of the pons (0.86 x 10(-3)
      mm(2)/s) and compared with the normal temporal white matter (0.80 x 10(-3)
      mm(2)/s). This was consistent with the presence of increased diffusion, hence
      vasogenic edema. Proton MR spectroscopy excluded acute infarction. This
      particular pattern (high signal intensity on b = 1000 s/mm(2) images in
      association with high apparent diffusion coefficient values) likely represented
      the acute inflammatory process associated with disrupted brain-blood barrier in
      the fulminant form of neuro-Behcet's disease. Follow-up examinations </=2 years
      later revealed a remaining gliotic lesion.

PMID- 13679281
TI  - MR imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging changes in metronidazole (Flagyl)
      induced cerebellar toxicity.
AB  - We describe a case demonstrating reversible MR imaging findings, including
      diffusion-weighted imaging changes in association with metronidazole (Flagyl)
      toxicity. The diagnosis of metronidazole toxicity was made clinically and
      supported by the MR imaging findings. Quantitative apparent diffusion coefficient
      (ADC) maps demonstrated edema with associated increased ADC values within the
      dentate nuclei of the cerebellum on initial imaging. Follow-up imaging performed
      8 weeks after cessation of metronidazole therapy demonstrated resolution of
      imaging findings, including diffusion changes.

PMID- 13679282
TI  - The frontal sinus drainage pathway and related structures.

PMID- 13679283
TI  - Discrimination of metastatic cervical lymph nodes with diffusion-weighted MR
      imaging in patients with head and neck cancer.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Metastasis to the regional cervical lymph nodes may be
      associated with alterations in water diffusivity and microcirculation of the
      node. We tested whether diffusion-weighted MR imaging could discriminate
      metastatic nodes. METHODS: Diffusion-weighted echo-planar and T1- and T2-weighted
      MR imaging sequences were performed on histologically proved metastatic cervical
      lymph nodes (25 nodes), benign lymphadenopathy (25 nodes), and nodal lymphomas
      (five nodes). The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was calculated by using
      two b factors (500 and 1000 s/mm(2)). RESULTS: The ADC was significantly greater
      in metastatic lymph nodes (0.410 +/- 0.105 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s, P <.01) than in
      benign lymphadenopathy (0.302 +/- 0.062 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s). Nodal lymphomas showed
      even lower levels of the ADC (0.223 +/- 0.056 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s). ADC criteria for
      metastatic nodes (>/= 0.400 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s) yielded a moderate negative
      predictive value (71%) and high positive predictive value (93%). Receiver
      operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that the criteria of abnormal
      signal intensity on T1- or T2-weighted images (A(z) = 0.8437 +/- 0.0230) and ADC
      (A(z) = 0.8440 +/- 0.0538) provided similar levels of diagnostic ability in
      differentiating metastatic nodes. The ADC from metastatic nodes from highly or
      moderately differentiated cancers (0.440 +/- 0.020 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s, P <.01) was
      significantly greater than that from poorly differentiated cancers (0.356 +/-
      0.042 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s). CONCLUSION: Diffusion-weighted imaging is useful in
      discriminating metastatic nodes.

PMID- 13679284
TI  - MR imaging of traumatic lesions of the inferior alveolar nerve in patients with
      fractures of the mandible.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to assess whether MR
      imaging can image the neurovascular bundle in patients with fractures of the
      mandible. In addition, an attempt was made to evaluate whether MR images provide
      information regarding the continuity of the inferior alveolar nerve before
      surgery and regarding signal intensity changes after trauma. METHODS: We analyzed
      preoperative MR images of 23 patients with mandibular fractures. Object-oriented
      sagittal view proton density- and T1-weighted sequences (before and after the
      administration of contrast agent) were used not only in an attempt to obtain
      purely qualitative information regarding nerve continuity in the neurovascular
      bundle (inferior alveolar nerve, artery, vein) but also to perform quantitative
      region-of-interest measurements of signal intensities at four defined measurement
      sites. The measurements were compared with those obtained for a patient
      population with healthy mandibles. RESULTS: It was possible to interpret MR
      images in 21 cases. MR imaging findings showed that the neurovascular bundle had
      been cut in two patients and was intact in the remaining 19 patients. These MR
      imaging findings were confirmed intraoperatively in all cases. Although we found
      no significant signal intensity differences between patients with intact nerves
      and patients with cut nerves, we found significant differences between patients
      with mandibular fractures and patients with unremarkable mandibles. CONCLUSION:
      It is possible to diagnose the interruption of nerve continuity by using MR
      imaging. Signal intensity measurements in the neurovascular bundle provide no
      information regarding nerve continuity.

PMID- 13679285
TI  - Sinonasal ossifying fibroma with fluid-fluid levels on MR images.
AB  - Ossifying fibroma is a rare benign neoplasm that usually affects mandibular and
      maxillary bones. In this report, we present a case of sinonasal ossifying fibroma
      with fluid-fluid levels and posterior extension toward the torus tubarius on MR
      images.

PMID- 13679286
TI  - Intralabyrinthine meningioma.
AB  - An 18-year-old female patient with unilateral hearing loss underwent evaluation
      with CT and MR imaging. A partially ossified, enhancing lesion in the bony
      labyrinth, with replacement of adjacent structures, was identified. Surgical
      biopsy revealed a meningioma arising primarily within the bony labyrinth. To our
      knowledge, this entity has not been previously described.

PMID- 13679287
TI  - Diffusion tensor brain imaging findings at term-equivalent age may predict
      neurologic abnormalities in low birth weight preterm infants.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Low birth weight preterm infants are at high risk of
      brain injury, particularly injury to the white matter. Diffusion tensor imaging
      is thought to be more sensitive than conventional MR imaging for detecting subtle
      white matter abnormalities. The objective of this study was to examine whether
      diffusion tensor imaging could detect abnormalities that may be associated with
      later neurologic abnormalities in infants with otherwise normal or minimally
      abnormal conventional MR imaging findings. METHODS: We prospectively studied 137
      low birth weight (<1800 g) preterm infants. Neonatal conventional MR imaging and
      diffusion tensor imaging were performed near term-equivalent age before
      discharge, and neurologic development of the infants was later followed up at 18
      to 24 months of age. RESULTS: Among the preterm infants who were fully studied,
      63 underwent normal conventional MR imaging. Three of these infants developed
      cerebral palsy, and 10 others showed abnormal neurologic outcome. Diffusion
      tensor imaging results for these infants showed a significant reduction of
      fractional anisotropy in the posterior limb of the internal capsule in
      neurologically abnormal infants (including those with cerebral palsy) compared
      with control preterm infants with normal neurologic outcomes. CONCLUSION: These
      results suggest that neonatal diffusion tensor imaging may allow earlier
      detection of specific anatomic findings of microstructural abnormalities in
      infants at risk for neurologic abnormalities and disability. The combination of
      conventional MR imaging and diffusion tensor imaging may increase the predictive
      value of neonatal MR imaging for later neurologic outcome abnormalities and may
      become the basis for future interventional clinical studies to improve outcomes.

PMID- 13679288
TI  - T2 relaxation values in the developing preterm brain.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: MR imaging is increasingly used to assess maturation and
      disease in the preterm brain. Knowledge of the changes in T2 values with
      increasing postmenstrual age (PMA) will aid image interpretation and help in the
      objective assessment of maturation and disease of the brain in infants. The aim
      of this study was to obtain T2 values in the preterm brain from 25 weeks'
      gestational age (GA) until term-equivalent age in infants who had normal
      neurodevelopmental findings at a minimum corrected age of 1 year. METHODS: The
      study group consisted of 18 preterm infants, born at 33 weeks' GA or sooner. The
      median GA of the infants at birth was 27 weeks (range, 23-33 weeks), and the
      median PMA at imaging was 31 weeks (range, 25-41 weeks). T2 measurements were
      obtained using a 1.0-T MR system and a four-echo pulse sequence (TR/TE, 2500/ 30,
      60, 110, and 600). T2 values were measured in the thalami, lentiform nuclei,
      frontal white matter, occipital white matter, and central white matter at the
      level of the centrum semiovale. RESULTS: A significant negative linear
      correlation between T2 values and PMA was demonstrated in the lentiform nuclei (P
      =.003), frontal white matter (P <.0001), occipital white matter (P <.0001), and
      central white matter at the level of the centrum semiovale (P <.0001). T2 values
      were not significantly reduced with increasing PMA in the thalami (P =.06).
      CONCLUSION: T2 values decrease with increasing PMA in the preterm brain.

PMID- 13679289
TI  - Comparing the diagnosis of white matter injury in premature newborns with serial
      MR imaging and transfontanel ultrasonography findings.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The accurate identification of white matter injury in
      premature neonates is important for counseling parents and for targeting these
      high risk neonates for appropriate rehabilitation services. The objective of this
      study was to compare the diagnosis of white matter injury detected by serial MR
      imaging and ultrasonography of a contemporary cohort of premature neonates.
      METHODS: Each of the 32 consecutively enrolled neonates was studied with MR
      imaging at a median postconceptional age of 31.9 weeks (range, 27.6-38.1 weeks)
      and again at a median postconceptional age of 36.5 weeks (range, 33.4-42.9 weeks)
      and with serial ultrasonography according to a clinical protocol. Because
      periventricular echogenicity shown on ultrasonograms evolves over time, both the
      highest grade of echogenicity and the grade of echogenicity shown on the last
      neonatal ultrasonogram were used in the analysis to determine the predictive
      values and correlation (Spearman's rho) of ultrasonography for predicting white
      matter abnormalities shown on MR images. RESULTS: White matter abnormalities were
      diagnosed in 18 (56%) neonates based on MR imaging, consisting of foci of
      scattered T1 hyperintensity in the periventricular white matter, and in 22 (69%)
      neonates based on ultrasonography, consisting of abnormal periventricular
      echogenicity. The severity of white matter abnormalities shown by MR imaging was
      not correlated with the highest grade of white matter abnormalities detected with
      ultrasonography (rho=0.18, P=.3) or with the grade of white matter abnormalities
      shown on the last ultrasonogram (rho = 0.16, P=.4). CONCLUSION: Although
      ultrasonography is commonly used to screen premature neonates for white matter
      injury, it was not a sensitive predictor of the milder spectrum of MR imaging
      defined white matter abnormalities.

PMID- 13679290
TI  - Anterior temporal changes on MR images of children with hippocampal sclerosis: an
      effect of seizures on the immature brain?
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Ipsilateral loss of anterior temporal gray-white matter
      definition, due mainly to white matter signal intensity abnormality, is
      frequently seen on MR images of patients with hippocampal sclerosis. Our aim was
      to determine the prevalence and clinical correlations of these anterior temporal
      changes in pediatric cases of hippocampal sclerosis and to determine whether
      cumulative damage from seizures is important for their development. METHODS: We
      reviewed the MR images and clinical details of 54 children (age range, 1.5-19
      years) with typical hippocampal sclerosis. Specific imaging features noted
      included hippocampal sclerosis, anterior temporal changes, anterior temporal
      atrophy, and extra-hippocampal abnormality. RESULTS: Thirty-one (57%) of 54
      children with hippocampal sclerosis had associated ipsilateral anterior temporal
      changes. Ipsilateral anterior temporal atrophy was associated with anterior
      temporal changes (P <.03). Children whose images showed anterior temporal changes
      were younger at onset of epilepsy (P <.01) and younger at antecedent cerebral
      insult (P <.03) than those with normal anterior temporal lobes. Most (84%)
      children whose images showed anterior temporal changes had experienced the onset
      of epilepsy or antecedent cerebral insult before the age of 2 years (P <.0009).
      Eighty-one percent of children with anterior temporal changes shown on their
      images experienced seizures at the time of antecedent insult. CONCLUSION:
      Ipsilateral anterior temporal changes identical to those observed in adult cases
      are seen on the MR images of young children with hippocampal sclerosis, with a
      similar prevalence, and are associated with either epilepsy onset or seizure
      related cerebral insult before the age of 2 years. We suggest that the loss of
      gray-white matter definition may represent a persistent immature appearance,
      including an abnormality of myelin or myelination, possibly a result of seizures
      occurring during maturation of the temporal pole.

PMID- 13679291
TI  - Orbit deformities in craniofacial neurofibromatosis type 1.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The possible relationship of orbit deformities in
      neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) to plexiform neurofibromas (PNFs) have not been
      fully elucidated. Our purpose was to review orbital changes in patients with
      craniofacial NF1. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed CT and MR imaging
      abnormalities of the orbit in 31 patients (18 male, 13 female; mean age, 14
      years; age range 1-40 years) with craniofacial NF1. RESULTS: Orbital
      abnormalities were documented in 24 patients. Six had optic nerve gliomas with
      enlarged optic canals. Twenty had PNFs in the orbit or contiguous to the anterior
      skull. The posterior orbit was distorted by encroachment from an expanded middle
      cranial fossa in 13 patients, and 18 had enlargement of the orbital rim. Other
      changes included focal decalcification or remodeling of orbital walls adjacent to
      PNFs in 18 patients and enlargement of cranial foramina resulting from tumor
      infiltration of sensory nerves in 16. These orbital deformities were sometimes
      progressive and always associated with orbital infiltration by PNFs. CONCLUSION:
      In our patients with craniofacial neurofibromatosis, bony orbital deformity
      occurred frequently and always with an optic nerve glioma or orbital PNF. PNFs
      were associated with orbital-bone changes in four patterns: expansion of the
      middle cranial fossa into the posterior orbit, enlargement of the orbital rim,
      bone erosion and decalcification by contiguous tumor, and enlargement of the
      cranial foramina. Orbital changes support the concept of secondary dysplasia, in
      which interaction of PNFs with the developing skull is a major component of the
      multifaceted craniofacial changes possible with NF1.

PMID- 13679292
TI  - Proton MR spectroscopic imaging in Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Pelizeaus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) is a clinically and
      molecularly heterogeneous disorder linked to deletion, mutations, or duplication
      of the proteolipid protein (PLP1) gene locus at Xq22. The current study was
      conducted to characterize the results of proton MR spectroscopic (MRS) imaging in
      PMD. METHODS: Three boys with PMD (one with the severe connatal form and two with
      a more mild clinical phenotype [spastic paraplegia type 2]). and three age
      matched healthy control subjects (age range, 2-7 years) underwent MR and MRS
      imaging. All imaging was performed at 1.5 T. For MRS imaging, oblique-axial
      sections (thickness, 15 mm; intersection gap, 2.5 mm) were recorded parallel to
      the anterior commissure-posterior commissure line (TR/TE/NEX, 2300/272/1) with
      lipid and water suppression. Ratios of metabolite peak areas were calculated, and
      spectra were bilaterally evaluated. RESULTS: Diffuse or focal reductions in N
      acetylaspartate were observed in the affected white matter in all three cases.
      These reductions seemed to be consistent with axonal damage. In addition, mild
      increases in choline and creatine levels were observed; these may have been due
      to astrocytic changes. CONCLUSION: Proton MRS imaging may be helpful in
      evaluating regional pathophysiologic abnormalities in PMD and in distinguishing
      PMD from other leukodystrophies, which exhibit different metabolic profiles.

PMID- 13679293
TI  - Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration: MR imaging, proton MR
      spectroscopy, and diffusion MR imaging findings.
AB  - We herein report the case of a 15-year-old male patient with pantothenate kinase
      associated neurodegeneration. The classic "eye-of-the-tiger" appearance was
      initially present on the globus pallidi on T2-weighted MR images and had
      disappeared by the time of the 10-month follow-up examination. Fluid-attenuated
      inversion recovery images revealed marked hypointensity in the globus pallidi and
      dentate nuclei and high signal intensity changes in the deep cerebral white
      matter. Proton MR spectroscopy revealed markedly decreased N-acetylaspartate in
      the globus pallidi, associated with decreased N-acetylaspartate and increased
      myoinositol in the deep cerebral white matter. Diffusion MR images (b=1000
      s/mm(2)) were negative (normal appearing) for deep cerebral white matter lesions,
      whereas apparent diffusion coefficient values were slightly increased (1.08-1.12
      x 10(-3) mm(2)/s), compared with the apparent diffusion coefficient values from
      the normal white matter regions. Apparent diffusion coefficient values in the
      globus pallidi were lower than those in the unaffected thalamus.

PMID- 13679294
TI  - Craniocervical CT and MR imaging of Schwartz-Jampel syndrome.
AB  - Schwartz-Jampel syndrome is a rare, inherited disorder characterized by myotonia,
      skeletal deformities, facial dysmorphism, and growth retardation. In this report
      of an adolescent male patient with Schwartz-Jampel syndrome, CT and MR imaging
      revealed basilar invagination, platybasia, Chiari I malformation,
      hyperpneumatized mastoids with intramastoid dural sinuses, platyspondyly, bulbous
      zygoma, and blunted pterygoid processes.

PMID- 13679295
TI  - Percutaneous vertebroplasty: complication avoidance and technique optimization.

PMID- 13679296
TI  - Enlarging vertebral body pneumatocysts in the cervical spine.
AB  - An intravertebral pneumatocyst is a relatively rare condition, and its natural
      course and etiology are unclear. We report a case of intravertebral pneumatocysts
      in the C5 vertebra that gradually enlarged during a 16-month period as documented
      by follow-up CT. In addition, direct communication was observed between the gas
      in the intervertebral disk and another pneumatocyst in the C6 vertebral body,
      which suggests that the gas in the pneumatocyst had an association with the gas
      in the degenerated intervertebral disk.

PMID- 13679297
TI  - Dynamic CT myelography: a technique for localizing high-flow spinal cerebrospinal
      fluid leaks.
AB  - In some patients with spontaneous spinal CSF leaks, leaks are numerous or tears
      are so large that extrathecal myelographic contrast material is seen at multiple
      levels during CT, making identification of their source impossible. This study
      introduces a dynamic CT myelographic technique that provides high temporal and
      spatial resolution. In this technical note, we describe the utility of this
      technique in four patients with challenging high-flow spinal CSF leaks.

PMID- 13679299
TI  - Visualization of subdural electrodes.

PMID- 13679300
TI  - Flow voids and carotid MR angiography.

PMID- 13679301
TI  - Coexpression of complementary fragments of ClC-5 and restoration of chloride
      channel function in a Dent's disease mutation.
AB  - The human hereditary disorder Dent's disease is linked to loss-of-function
      mutations of the chloride channel ClC-5. Many of these mutations involve
      insertion of premature stop codons, resulting in truncation of the protein. We
      determined whether the functional activity of ClC-5 could be restored by
      coexpression of the truncated protein (containing the NH2-terminal region) with
      its complementary "missing" COOH-terminal region. Split channel constructs for
      ClC-5, consisting of complementary N and C protein regions, were created at an
      arbitrary site in the COOH-terminal region (V655) and at four Dent's disease
      mutation sites (R347, Y617, R648, and R704). Coexpression of complementary
      fragments for the split channel at V655 produced currents with anion and pH
      sensitivity similar to those of wild-type ClC-5. Channel activity was similarly
      restored when complementary split channel constructs made for Dent's mutation
      R648 were coexpressed, but no ClC-5 currents were found when split channels for
      mutations R347, Y617, or R704 were coexpressed. Immunoblot and immunofluorescence
      studies of COS-7 cells revealed that N or C protein fragments could be
      transiently expressed and detected in the plasma membrane, even in split channels
      that failed to show functional activity. The results suggest that ClC-5 channel
      activity can be restored for specific Dent's mutations by expression of the
      missing portion of the ClC-5 molecule.

PMID- 13679302
TI  - Beneficial effects of GH/IGF-1 on skeletal muscle atrophy and function in
      experimental heart failure.
AB  - Muscle atrophy is a determinant of exercise capacity in heart failure (CHF).
      Myocyte apoptosis, triggered by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or its
      second messenger sphingosine (SPH), is one of the causes of atrophy. Growth
      hormone (GH) improves hemodynamic and cardiac trophism in several experimental
      models of CHF, but its effect on skeletal muscle in CHF is not yet clear. We
      tested the hypothesis that GH can prevent skeletal muscle apoptosis in rats with
      CHF. CHF was induced by injecting monocrotaline. After 2 wk, 2 groups of rats
      were treated with GH (0.2 mg.kg(-1).day(-1) and 1.0 mg.kg(-1).day(-1))
      subcutaneously. A third group of controls had saline. After 2 additional weeks,
      rats were killed. Tibialis anterior cross-sectional area, myosin heavy chain
      (MHC) composition, and a study on myocyte apoptosis and serum levels of TNF-alpha
      and SPH were carried out. The number of apoptotic nuclei, muscle atrophy, and
      serum levels of TNF-alpha and SPH were decreased with GH at high but not at low
      doses compared with CHF rats. Bcl-2 was increased, whereas activated caspases and
      bax were decreased. The MHC pattern in GH-treated animals was similar to that of
      controls. Monocrotaline slowed down both contraction and relaxation but did not
      affect specific tetanic force, whereas absolute force was decreased. GH treatment
      restored contraction and relaxation to control values and brought muscle mass and
      absolute twitch and tetanic tension to normal levels. These findings may provide
      an insight into the therapeutic strategy of GH given to patients with CHF to
      improve exercise capacity.

PMID- 13679304
TI  - Suppression of mitochondria-dependent neutrophil apoptosis with thermal injury.
AB  - Neutrophil apoptosis is delayed under trauma and/or sepsis conditions. The
      mechanism for the delay has remained unclear. We hypothesize that modulation of
      the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis contributes to the delay in neutrophil
      apoptosis with burn injury. Rats were subjected to burn injury (30% of total body
      surface area, 98 degrees C for 10 s) and euthanatized 24 h postinjury. Blood
      neutrophils from sham and burn-injured rats were isolated by Ficoll gradient
      centrifugation and cultured for 2 or 8 h. Neutrophil apoptosis was determined by
      annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) labeling and flow cytometry. Neutrophil
      mitochondrial morphology was assessed via histochemical staining (MitoTracker
      GreenFM) and confocal microscopy. Neutrophils from rats with burn injury showed a
      decreased level of apoptosis compared with sham rat neutrophils at both 2 and 8 h
      of incubation. In incubated sham rat neutrophils, mitochondria showed a change
      from normal "tubular" to an "aggregated" morphology. In contrast, cultured
      neutrophils from burn rats did not exhibit this mitochondrial morphological
      transition until 8 h of incubation. Compared with sham rat neutrophils,
      neutrophils from burn rats showed decreased levels of active caspase-9 and -3.
      Whereas an upregulation of Bcl-xL and a downregulation of Bax seemed to
      contribute to decreased apoptosis in burn rat neutrophils at 2 h of incubation,
      the decreased apoptosis at 8 h appeared to be associated with a decrease in Bax
      and increased phosphorylated Bad. These data suggest that suppression of the
      mitochondrial pathway plays an essential role in the delay of polymorphonuclear
      neutrophil apoptosis with burn injury.

PMID- 13679303
TI  - Conformational coupling of DHPR and RyR1 in skeletal myotubes is influenced by
      long-range allosterism: evidence for a negative regulatory module.
AB  - Four ryanodine receptor type 1 and 2 chimeras (R4, R9, R10, and R16) and their
      respective wild-type ryanodine receptors (type 1 and 2; wtRyR1 and wtRyR2) were
      expressed in dyspedic 1B5 to identify possible negative regulatory modules of the
      Ca2+ release channel that are under the influence of the dihydropyridine receptor
      (DHPR). Responses of intact 1B5 myotubes expressing each construct to caffeine in
      the absence or presence of either La3+ and Cd2+ or the organic DHPR blocker
      nifedipine were determined by imaging single 1B5 myotubes loaded with fluo 4. The
      presence of La3+ and Cd2+ or nifedipine in the external medium at concentrations
      known to block Ca2+ entry through the DHPRs significantly decreased the caffeine
      EC50 of wtRyR1 (2.80 +/- 0.12 to 0.83 +/- 0.09 mM; P < 0.05). On the other hand,
      DHPR blockade did not significantly alter the caffeine EC50 values of wtRyR2,
      chimeras R10 and R16, whereas the caffeine EC50 values of chimeras R4 and R9 were
      significantly increased (1.27 +/- 0.05 to 2.60 +/- 0.16 mM, and 1.15 +/- 0.03 to
      2.11 +/- 0.32 mM, respectively; P < 0.05). Despite the fact that all the chimeras
      form fully functional Ca2+ release channels in situ, sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)
      containing R4, R10, and R16 did not possess high-affinity binding of
      [3H]ryanodine regardless of Ca2+ concentration. These results suggest the
      presence of an interaction between RyR1 and the DHPR, which is not present in
      RyR2, that contributes negative control of SR Ca2+ release induced by direct
      agonists such as caffeine. Although we were unable to define the negative module
      using RyR1-RyR2 chimeras, they further demonstrated that the RyR is very
      sensitive to long-range allosterism.

PMID- 13679305
TI  - IgE alone-induced actin assembly modifies calcium signaling and degranulation in
      RBL-2H3 mast cells.
AB  - In the mast cell signaling pathways, the binding of immunoglobulin E (IgE) to
      FcepsilonRI, its high-affinity receptor, is generally thought to be a passive
      step. In this study, we examined the effect of IgE alone, that is, without
      antigen stimulation, on the degranulation in mast cells. Monomeric IgE (500-5,000
      ng/ml) alone increased cytosolic Ca2+ level ([Ca2+]i) and induced degranulation
      in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL)-2H3 mast cells. Monomeric IgE (5,000 ng/ml)
      alone also increased [Ca2+]i and induced degranulation in bone marrow-derived
      mast cells. Interestingly, monomeric IgE (5-50 ng/ml) alone, in concentrations
      too low to induce degranulation, increased filamentous actin content in RBL-2H3
      mast cells. We next examined whether actin dynamics affect the IgE alone-induced
      RBL-2H3 mast cell activation pathways. Cytochalasin D inhibited the ability of
      IgE alone (50 ng/ml) to induce de novo actin assembly. In cytochalasin D-treated
      cells, IgE (50 ng/ml) alone increased [Ca2+]i and induced degranulation. We have
      summarized the current findings into two points. First, IgE alone increases
      [Ca2+]i and induces degranulation in mast cells. Second, IgE, at concentrations
      too low to increase either [Ca2+]i or degranulation, significantly induces actin
      assembly, which serves as a negative feedback control in the mast cell Ca2+
      signaling and degranulation.

PMID- 13679306
TI  - Cruzipain, a major Trypanosoma cruzi antigen, promotes arginase-2 expression and
      survival of neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes.
AB  - An intense myocarditis is frequently found in the acute phase of Trypanosoma
      cruzi infection. Despite the cardiac damage, infected individuals may remain
      asymptomatic for decades. Thus T. cruzi may directly prevent cardiomyocyte death
      to keep heart destruction in check. Recently, it has been shown that Schwann cell
      invasion by T. cruzi, their prime target in the peripheral nervous system,
      suppressed host cell apoptosis caused by growth factor deprivation. Likewise, the
      trans-sialidase of T. cruzi reproduced this antiapoptotic activity of the
      parasite. In this study, we have investigated the effect of cruzipain, another
      important T. cruzi antigen, on survival and cell death of neonatal BALB/c mouse
      cardiomyocyte cultures. We have found that cruzipain, as well as T. cruzi
      infection, promoted survival of cardiomyocytes cultured under serum deprivation.
      The antiapoptotic effect was mediated by Bcl-2 expression but not by Bcl-xL
      expression. Because arginase activity is involved in cell differentiation and
      wound healing in most cell types and it favors parasite growth within the cell,
      we have further investigated the effect of cruzipain on the regulation of l
      arginine metabolic pathways. Our results have revealed that cruzipain enhanced
      arginase activity and the expression of arginase-2 isoform but failed to induce
      nitric oxide synthase activity. In addition, the inhibition of arginase activity
      by NG-hydroxy-l-arginine, abrogated the antiapoptotic action of cruzipain. The
      results demonstrate that cruzipain may act as a survival factor for
      cardiomyocytes because it rescued them from apoptosis and stimulated arginase-2.

PMID- 13679307
TI  - Involvement of PKCdelta and PKD in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell
      hyperpermeability.
AB  - The involvement of PKC, the isoforms of which are categorized into three
      subtypes: conventional (alpha, betaI, betaII, and gamma), novel [delta, epsilon,
      eta, and mu (also known as PKD), theta], and atypical (zeta and iota/lambda), in
      the regulation of endothelial monolayer integrity is well documented. However,
      isoform activity varies among different cell types. Our goal was to reveal
      isoform-specific PKC activity in the microvascular endothelium in response to
      phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and diacylglycerol (DAG). Isoform activity
      was demonstrated by cytosol-to-membrane translocation after PMA treatment and
      phosphorylation of the myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS)
      protein after PMA and DAG treatment. Specific isoforms were inhibited by using
      both antisense oligonucleotides and pharmacological agents. The data showed
      partial cytosol-to-membrane translocation of isoforms alpha, betaI, and epsilon
      and complete translocation of PKCdelta and PKD in response to PMA. Furthermore,
      antisense treatment and pharmacological studies indicated that the novel isoform
      PKCdelta and PKD are both required for PMA- and DAG-induced MARCKS
      phosphorylation and hyperpermeability in pulmonary microvascular endothelial
      cells, whereas isoforms alpha, betaI, and epsilon were dispensable with regard to
      these same phenomena.

PMID- 13679308
TI  - Gonadotropin and steroid regulation of matrix metalloproteinases and their
      endogenous tissue inhibitors in the developed corpus luteum of the rhesus monkey
      during the menstrual cycle.
AB  - The factors regulating the dynamic expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)
      and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) in the primate corpus luteum (CL) during the
      menstrual cycle are unknown. We hypothesized that LH or progesterone (P) regulate
      interstitial-collagenase (MMP-1), the gelatinases (MMP-2 and -9), TIMP-1, and
      TIMP-2 in the CL. Hormone ablation/replacement was performed in rhesus monkeys on
      Days 9-11 of the luteal phase in five treatment groups (n = 4/group): control (no
      treatment), antide (GnRH antagonist), antide + LH; antide + LH + trilostane (TRL;
      3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitor), and antide + LH + TRL + R5020
      (nonmetabolizable progestin). On Day 12, the CL was removed and the RNA and
      protein isolated for real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoassays,
      respectively. The MMP-1 mRNA increased 20-fold with antide, whereas LH
      replacement maintained MMP-1 mRNA at control levels. Likewise, TRL increased MMP
      1 mRNA 54-fold, and R5020 prevented this effect. Immunodetectable MMP-1 protein
      also increased with antide or TRL; these increases were abated with LH or R5020.
      Gelatinase mRNA and/or protein levels increased with antide (e.g., 3-fold, MMP-2
      mRNA), and LH replacement reduced protein levels (e.g., 11-fold, MMP-2). The TRL
      increased MMP-9, but not MMP-2, expression; however, R5020 replacement had no
      effect on mRNA or protein levels. The LH treatment increased TIMP-1 and -2 mRNA
      and TIMP-1 protein expression compared to controls and antide groups, whereas
      R5020 enhanced only immunodetectable TIMP-1. These data strongly suggest that LH
      suppresses MMP-1 in the primate CL via P and that it also suppresses gelatinases,
      either at the mRNA (MMP-2) or protein (MMP-2 and -9) levels, perhaps in part via
      steroids, including P. In contrast, LH promotes TIMP expression, perhaps via
      steroids, including P.

PMID- 13679309
TI  - Estrogen induces a systemic growth factor through an estrogen receptor-alpha
      dependent mechanism.
AB  - Estrogen induces proliferation of uterine epithelium through a paracrine action
      of estrogen receptor (ERalpha) in the underlying stroma. In ovariectomized mice
      primed with progesterone, estrogen stimulates proliferation in both the
      epithelium and the stroma. We set out to test whether a paracrine mode of action
      is involved in estrogen-induced proliferation of the uterine stroma. Epithelial
      and mesenchymal tissues derived from uteri of neonatal ERalpha null mice
      (ERalphaKO) or wild-type mice were separated and recombined in all four possible
      configurations (ERalpha+ or ERalpha- epithelium with ERalpha+ or ERalpha-
      mesenchyme) and grafted into female athymic mice. After 5 wk, hosts were
      ovariectomized and challenged with hormone treatment, and cellular proliferation
      was monitored by thymidine autoradiography. Results showed that, although the
      full response of the epithelium was dependent on an ERalpha-positive mesenchyme,
      stromal cell proliferation was independent of tissue ERalpha. This latter
      observation suggests that the response of the stroma was due to a systemic factor
      induced in the ERalpha-positive hosts. To test this possibility, pieces of whole
      uterus from neonatal wild-type or ERalphaKO mice were grafted into syngeneic wild
      type or ERalphaKO hosts. In these whole-uterus grafts, estradiol stimulated
      ERalphaKO uterine stroma when they were grown in wild-type hosts but not when
      grown in ERalphaKO hosts. The epithelium of whole-uterus ERalphaKO grafts did not
      respond to estrogen, regardless of the host phenotype. These observations suggest
      that treatment of progesterone-primed mice with estradiol stimulates production
      of a systemic factor that is capable of inducing uterine stromal cell
      proliferation and that this systemic factor is produced by an ERalpha-dependent
      mechanism.

PMID- 13679310
TI  - Cloned calves from chromatin remodeled in vitro.
AB  - We have developed a novel system for remodeling mammalian somatic nuclei in vitro
      prior to cloning by nuclear transplantation. The system involves permeabilization
      of the donor cell and chromatin condensation in a mitotic cell extract to promote
      removal of nuclear factors solubilized during chromosome condensation. The
      condensed chromosomes are transferred into enucleated oocytes prior to
      activation. Unlike nuclei of nuclear transplant embryos, nuclei of chromatin
      transplant embryos exhibit a pattern of markers closely resembling that of normal
      embryos. Healthy calves were produced by chromatin transfer. Compared with
      nuclear transfer, chromatin transfer shows a trend toward greater survival of
      cloned calves up to at least 1 mo after birth. This is the first successful
      demonstration of a method for directly manipulating the somatic donor chromatin
      prior to transplantation. This procedure should be useful for investigating
      mechanisms of nuclear reprogramming and for making improvements in the efficiency
      of mammalian cloning.

PMID- 13679311
TI  - Cloned cattle fetuses with the same nuclear genetics are more variable than
      contemporary half-siblings resulting from artificial insemination and exhibit
      fetal and placental growth deregulation even in the first trimester.
AB  - The cloning of cattle by somatic cell nuclear transfer (NT) is associated with a
      high incidence of abnormal placentation, excessive fluid accumulation in the
      fetal sacs (hydrops syndrome), and fetal overgrowth. Fetal and placental
      development was investigated at Day 50, during placentome formation; at Day 100,
      when placentation was completed; and at Day 150, when the hydrops syndrome
      frequently develops. The NT fetuses were compared with contemporary half-siblings
      generated from in vitro-produced embryos or by artificial insemination (AI).
      Fetal cotyledon formation and vascularization of the chorioallantoic membranes
      was initiated normally in NT conceptuses, but fewer cotyledons successfully
      formed placentomes. By Day 100, the mean number of placentomes was significantly
      lower in surviving NT fetuses. Only those with normal placentome numbers were
      represented in surviving NT pregnancies at Day 150. The mean total caruncle
      tissue weight of the placentomes was significantly higher in the surviving NT
      groups at Days 100 and 150, irrespective of the placentome numbers, indicating
      that increased NT placental weight was caused by excessive uterine tissue growth.
      By Day 100, NT fetuses exhibited growth deregulation, and those that survived to
      Day 150 were 17% heavier than contemporary AI controls. Placentome, liver, and
      kidney overgrowth accompanied the hydrops syndrome at Day 150. The NT fetal
      overgrowth was not a consequence of in vitro embryo culture and showed no
      correlation with placental overgrowth. However, in vitro culture and incomplete
      reprogramming of the donor genome are epigenetic effects that may override
      genetic traits and contribute to the greater variability in placental and fetal
      development in the NT group compared with AI half-siblings.

PMID- 13679312
TI  - Porcine endometrial expression of kininogen, factor XII, and plasma kallikrein in
      cyclic and pregnant gilts.
AB  - Establishment of pregnancy in the pig is accompanied by a localized uterine acute
      inflammatory response and increase in uterine blood flow. Following rapid
      trophoblast elongation on Day 12 of pregnancy there is an increase in tissue
      kallikrein activity and release of bradykinin into the uterine lumen, suggesting
      the kallikrein-kininogen-kinin system is active in the porcine uterus. The
      present study investigated endometrial expression and presence of the various
      factors of the kallikrein-kininogen-kinin system. Endometrial L- and H-kininogen
      gene expression as well as presence of kininogens in the uterine flushings was
      evaluated throughout the estrous cycle and early pregnancy in the pig. The
      possible involvement of plasma kallikrein and Factor XII, activators of the
      kallikrein-kininogen-kinin system, were evaluated through analysis of gene
      expression in endometrial and conceptus tissues. Gene expression for plasma
      kallikrein, Factor XII, and H-kininogen were detected in endometrium but not
      early conceptus tissues. Factor XII and H-kininogen gene expression were similar
      across the days of the estrous cycle and early pregnancy. Endometrial plasma
      kallikrein gene expression was low but increased on Day 15 of the estrous cycle,
      whereas expression was similar across the days of early pregnancy. In comparison
      to cyclic gilts, endometrial L-kininogen gene expression increased fourfold on
      Days 15 and 18 of pregnancy. Both L- and H-kininogen were detected in the uterine
      flushings of cyclic and pregnant gilts. Presence of L- and H-kininogen in the
      porcine uterus and endometrial gene expression of plasma kallikrein and Factor
      XII provide evidence that the kallikrein-kininogen-kinin system is biologically
      active during establishment of pregnancy in the pig.

PMID- 13679313
TI  - Marsupial anti-Mullerian hormone gene structure, regulatory elements, and
      expression.
AB  - During male sexual development in reptiles, birds, and mammals, anti-Mullerian
      hormone (AMH) induces the regression of the Mullerian ducts that normally form
      the primordia of the female reproductive tract. Whereas Mullerian duct regression
      occurs during fetal development in eutherian mammals, in marsupial mammals this
      process occurs after birth. To investigate AMH in a marsupial, we isolated an
      orthologue from the tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii) and characterized its
      expression in the testes and ovaries during development. The wallaby AMH gene is
      highly conserved with the eutherian orthologues that have been studied,
      particularly within the encoded C-terminal mature domain. The N-terminus of
      marsupial AMH is divergent and larger than that of eutherian species. It is
      located on chromosome 3/4, consistent with its autosomal localization in other
      species. The wallaby 5' regulatory region, like eutherian AMH genes, contains
      binding sites for SF1, SOX9, and GATA factors but also contains a putative SRY
      binding site. AMH expression in the developing testis begins at the time of
      seminiferous cord formation at 2 days post partum, and Mullerian duct regression
      begins shortly afterward. In the developing testis, AMH is localized in the
      cytoplasm of the Sertoli cells but is lost by adulthood. In the developing ovary,
      there is no detectable AMH expression, but in adults it is produced by the
      granulosa cells of primary and secondary follicles. It is not detectable in
      atretic follicles. Collectively, these studies suggest that AMH expression has
      been conserved during mammalian evolution and is intimately linked to upstream
      sex determination mechanisms.

PMID- 13679314
TI  - Differential activation of the luteinizing hormone beta-subunit promoter by
      activin and gonadotropin-releasing hormone: a role for the mitogen-activated
      protein kinase signaling pathway in LbetaT2 gonadotrophs.
AB  - LH consists of alpha- and beta-subunits, and synthesis of the beta-subunit has
      been reported to be the rate-limiting step in LH production. In this study, we
      found that activin A increased both the LHbeta mRNA level and LH content in cells
      of the gonadotroph cell line, LbetaT2. We next examined the effects of activin A
      and GnRH on LHbeta promoter activity by reporter gene assay and compared the
      signal transduction pathways. Activin A and GnRH activated the LHbeta promoter,
      and the response to a combination of activin A and GnRH was higher than that to
      activin A or GnRH alone. The effects of activin A and GnRH were specifically
      inhibited by inhibin-like peptide and antide, a GnRH antagonist, respectively.
      The activation of the LHbeta promoter by GnRH was inhibited by PD098059 and
      U0126, MAP kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitors. In contrast, these protein kinase
      inhibitors did not inhibit the activin A-induced activation. GnRH, but not
      activin A, activated MAP kinase in LbetaT2 cells. Overexpression of
      constitutively active MEK1 or MEK kinase activated both MAP kinase and the LHbeta
      promoter. Furthermore, GnRH, but not activin A, strongly induced SRE-mediated
      transcription, a known target of the MAP kinase pathway. These results suggest
      that GnRH activates the LHbeta promoter via the MAP kinase pathway and that
      activin A-induced activation of the LHbeta promoter is independent of the MAP
      kinase pathway.

PMID- 13679315
TI  - Interferon-tau blocks the stimulatory effect of tumor necrosis factor-alpha on
      prostaglandin F2alpha synthesis by bovine endometrial stromal cells.
AB  - Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) has been shown to be a potent stimulator
      of prostaglandin (PG) F2alpha synthesis in bovine endometrial stromal cells. The
      aims of the present study were to determine the effect of interferon-tau (IFNtau)
      on TNFalpha-stimulated PGF2alpha synthesis and the intracellular mechanisms of
      TNFalpha and IFNtau action in the stromal cells. When cultured bovine stromal
      cells were exposed to TNFalpha (0.006-0.6 nM) for 24 h, the production of
      PGF2alpha and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 gene expression were stimulated by TNFalpha
      (0.06-0.6 nM, P < 0.05). Moreover, a specific COX-2 inhibitor (NS-398; 5 nM)
      blocked the stimulatory effect of TNFalpha on PGF2alpha production (P < 0.05).
      Although IFNtau (0.03-30 ng/ml) did not stimulate basal PGF2alpha production in
      the stromal cells, it suppressed TNFalpha action in PGF2alpha production dose
      dependently (P < 0.05). Moreover, the stimulatory effect of TNFalpha (0.6 nM) on
      COX-2 gene expression was completely blocked by IFNtau (30 ng/ml; P < 0.05),
      although the gene expression of COX-2 was not influenced by IFNtau. The overall
      results indicate that the stimulatory effect of TNFalpha on PGF2alpha production
      is mediated by the up-regulation of COX-2 gene expression and suggest that one of
      the mechanisms of the inhibitory effect of IFNtau on luteolysis is the inhibition
      of TNFalpha action in PGF2alpha production in the stromal cells by the down
      regulation of COX-2 gene expression stimulated by TNFalpha.

PMID- 13679316
TI  - Goliath, a ring-H2 mitochondrial protein, regulated by luteinizing hormone/human
      chorionic gonadotropin in rat leydig cells.
AB  - We have cloned the rat homologue of the ring-H2 protein Goliath involved in
      Drosophila development. The rat Goliath mRNA (1.85 kb) was translated as a major
      ubiquitous protein species of 28-kDa and three larger isoforms (50, 46, and 36
      kDa) expressed mainly in liver, lung, stomach, heart, and thymus and barely
      detectable in other tissues (kidney, skeletal muscle, brain, testis, intestine,
      and spleen). By immunohistochemistry on rat testis sections, we localized the
      protein in interstitial tissue and seminiferous tubules. In tubules, Goliath was
      expressed mainly in postmeiotic germ cells and to a much lesser extent in Sertoli
      cells. In the interstitium, Goliath was exclusively present in Leydig cells.
      Using a series of immunolabeling, cellular fractionation, and electron microscopy
      experiments, we established that Goliath is present in mitochondria of the R2C
      Leydig cell line. Using short-term hypophysectomized animals, we showed that
      Goliath is regulated by LH/hCG in Leydig cells but not in germ cells. This
      regulation in Leydig cells concerned only the 50-kDa isoform. This report is the
      first description of a differential regulation of the Goliath protein between
      germ cells and Leydig cells.

PMID- 13679317
TI  - Effect of interleukin-10 null mutation on maternal immune response and
      reproductive outcome in mice.
AB  - Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory and immune-deviating cytokine
      expressed in the endometrium and placenta. IL-10 null mutant (IL-10-/-) mice have
      been employed to examine the role of IL-10 in regulating immune events in early
      pregnancy and its significance in implantation and pregnancy success. The
      inflammatory response elicited in endometrial tissue by insemination was
      amplified in IL-10-/- mice, with a 66% increase in leukocytes in the endometrial
      stroma on Day 3 of pregnancy. Despite this, no evidence of abnormal type 1/type 2
      skewing was seen in T-lymphocytes from lymph nodes draining the uterus. On Day 18
      of gestation, IL-10-/- females mated with IL-10-/- males had 15% more
      implantation sites and 27% more viable fetuses than pregnant wild-type (IL-10+/+)
      mice. Placental weight was unaffected, but fetal weight and the fetal:placental
      weight ratio were higher in IL-10-/- pregnancies. Similar data were obtained in
      allogeneic pregnancies when IL-10-/- females were mated with major
      histocompatibility complex (MHC) disparate IL-10-/- males. Pups delivered by IL
      10-/- mothers had increased birth weight and followed an altered growth
      trajectory, with growth impairment evident from early postnatal life into
      adulthood, which was reflected in alterations in body composition at 14 wk of
      age. This study shows that although IL-10 is not essential for maternal immune
      tolerance or successful pregnancy irrespective of MHC disparity in the fetus,
      maternal IL-10 is a determinant of growth trajectory in progeny in utero and
      after birth.

PMID- 13679318
TI  - Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating
      factor in the endometrial epithelium of the cow is up-regulated during early
      pregnancy and in response to intrauterine infusions of interferon-tau.
AB  - On the basis of results obtained in vitro, we previously proposed a model in
      which signals from the conceptus, namely interferon-tau (IFN-tau) and
      prostaglandin E2, increase the expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 or
      granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in immune and nonimmune
      cells of the bovine endometrium. Two experiments were conducted to verify the
      validity of this hypothesis in vivo. In experiment 1, the in vivo expression of
      COX-2 and GM-CSF during early pregnancy was monitored. Uteri from heifers were
      collected at different days (d) of the estrous cycle and pregnancy (P). In
      experiment 2, the effects of intrauterine infusions of IFN-tau on the expression
      of COX-2 and GM-CSF were analyzed. Immunohistochemistry was performed on uterine
      sections, and image analysis was used to evaluate the staining intensity in the
      conceptus, the luminal epithelium (LE), and the subepithelial stroma. In
      experiment 1, staining for COX-2 was maximal between d18P and d24P, both in the
      LE and in the conceptus, whereas staining for GM-CSF reached a plateau between
      d18P and d30P in the LE. In experiment 2, in response to IFN-tau, COX-2 was up
      regulated in the LE of the ipsilateral horn, whereas GM-CSF was enhanced in both
      uterine horns. The current report supports the view that the conceptus, through
      its secretion of IFN-tau, stimulates maternal epithelial expression of COX-2 and
      GM-CSF during the peri-attachment period in the cow.

PMID- 13679319
TI  - Temporal distribution of CDK4, CDK6, D-type cyclins, and p27 in developing mouse
      oocytes.
AB  - Various molecular interactions not operating in other cell types are most likely
      required for mammalian oocytes to develop into fully competent eggs. This study
      seeks to initiate analyses of the potential oocyte-specific functions of
      regulators of G1/S progression-CDK4, CDK6, D-type cyclins, and p27-by first
      determining their expression patterns in growing and maturing mouse oocytes and
      in mouse embryos early after fertilization. Western blot and immunofluorescence
      analyses on isolated oocytes were employed to evaluate both their levels and
      their localization. The data show that 1). mouse oocytes contain significant
      amounts of all studied regulators; 2). their amounts and localization undergo
      dramatic changes as the oocytes grow, meiotically mature, and transit into
      embryogenesis; and 3). some regulators (CDK4, CDK6, cyclin D2, and p27) appear in
      unusual, most likely posttranslationally modified, forms. These data distinguish
      G1/S regulators as the potential players in molecular processes that are
      important for oocytes to function normally.

PMID- 13679320
TI  - Disturbed expression of Sox9 in pre-sertoli cells underlies sex-reversal in mice
      b6.Ytir.
AB  - Sry in some varieties of Mus musculus domesticus fails to form normal testis when
      introduced into the C57BL/6J (B6) strain. We studied the developmental pattern of
      pre-Sertoli cells that express Sox9 by immunofluorescence and the profile levels
      of Sox9 transcripts by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain
      reaction and in situ hybridization in developing gonads of B6-Ytir mice. Sox9
      positive cells (pre-Sertoli cells) appeared in all B6.Ytir genital ridges at 11.5
      and 12.5 days postcoitum (dpc). However, at 13.5 dpc, Sox9-positive cells were
      not detected only in 50% of the B6.Ytir gonads compared with 100% of B6 gonads.
      Although pre-Sertoli cells formed the seminiferous cords after 14.5 dpc in the
      medial region of the B6.Ytir gonad, the cranial and caudal regions formed ovarian
      tissue. Further, B6.Ytir ovaries have lower levels of Sox9 than ovotestes at all
      fetal stages. These results suggest that although the pre-Sertoli cell lineage
      forms in B6.Ytir genital ridges, its further differentiation into Sertoli cells
      is apparently prevented. The cause may be the low levels of Sox9 and down
      regulation of its product. Results suggest that inhibitory signals of Sox9 acting
      along the whole genital ridge or only at its cranial and/or caudal regions
      underlie formation of B6.Ytir ovaries or ovotestes, respectively. Furthermore,
      our results suggest that infertility of B6.Ytir females may be due to the
      abnormal presence of Sox9 transcripts in their ovaries.

PMID- 13679321
TI  - Epithelial cell-derived neutrophil-activating peptide-78 is present in fetal
      membranes and amniotic fluid at increased concentrations with intra-amniotic
      infection and preterm delivery.
AB  - Intra-amniotic secretion and abundance of epithelial cell-derived neutrophil
      activating peptide (ENA)-78, a potent chemoattractant and activator of
      neutrophils, was studied in the context of term and preterm parturition. Staining
      of ENA-78 immunoperoxidase was localized predominantly to chorionic trophoblasts
      and amniotic epithelium in term and preterm gestational membranes, with weaker
      and less consistent staining in decidual cells. The abundance of ENA-78 in
      membrane tissue homogenates was significantly increased ( approximately 4-fold)
      with term labor in amnion (n = 15), and with preterm labor ( approximately 30
      fold) in amnion and choriodecidua (n = 31). In amnion tissue homogenate extracts,
      ENA-78 levels were positively correlated with the degree of leukocyte
      infiltration (r2 = 0.481). In amniotic fluids, median ENA-78 levels from
      pregnancies with preterm labor without intra-amniotic infection were
      significantly lower (P < 0.01 by ANOVA) than those from pregnancies with preterm
      deliveries with infection; levels in samples derived from term pregnancies were
      similar before and after labor. Production of ENA-78 by amnion monolayers was
      stimulated in a concentration-dependent fashion by both interleukin-1beta and
      tumor necrosis factor alpha. Production of ENA-78 by choriodecidual explants was
      increased modestly after 2-4 h of exposure to lipopolysaccharide (5 microg/ml).
      An immunoreactive doublet ( approximately 8 kDa) was detected in choriodecidual
      explant-conditioned media by immunoblotting. We conclude that ENA-78, derived
      from the gestational membranes, is present in increased abundance in the amniotic
      cavity in response to intrauterine infection and, hence, may play a role in the
      mechanism of infection-driven preterm birth and rupture of membranes secondary to
      leukocyte recruitment and activation.

PMID- 13679322
TI  - The relationship among previous antimicrobial use, antimicrobial resistance, and
      treatment outcomes for Helicobacter pylori infections.
AB  - BACKGROUND: The relationship between previous antimicrobial treatments and
      infection with drug-resistant Helicobacter pylori is unknown. OBJECTIVES: To
      determine whether previous use of antimicrobial agents predicts subsequent
      antibiotic resistance of H. pylori and whether resistance affects treatment
      outcome. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort analysis of adults recruited sequentially
      from a clinical practice. SETTING: A referral hospital in Anchorage, Alaska.
      PATIENTS: 125 adults infected with H. pylori. MEASUREMENTS: Medical records were
      reviewed for antimicrobial agents prescribed in the 10 years before diagnosis
      with H. pylori infection. Antimicrobial susceptibility of H. pylori isolates
      obtained from endoscopic gastric biopsy was determined by using agar dilution.
      Cure was determined by using the urea breath test 2 months after antimicrobial
      treatment. RESULTS: Among the 125 patients, 37 (30%) were found to have H. pylori
      isolates resistant to clarithromycin and 83 (66%) were found to have H. pylori
      isolates resistant to metronidazole. Resistance to clarithromycin was associated
      with previous use of any macrolide antibiotic (P < 0.001), and resistance to
      metronidazole was associated with previous use of metronidazole (P < 0.001). The
      odds of isolates being resistant to clarithromycin increased in relation to the
      number of courses of macrolides received (P < 0.001). Among 53 persons treated
      with clarithromycin-based regimens, treatment failed in 77% of those carrying
      clarithromycin-resistant H. pylori (10 of 13) and 13% of those with
      clarithromycin-susceptible strains (5 of 40) (relative risk, 6.2 [95% CI, 1.9 to
      37.1]; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Previous use of macrolides and metronidazole is
      associated with H. pylori resistant to these antimicrobial agents. Clarithromycin
      resistance is associated with a greater risk for failure with clarithromycin
      based treatments.

PMID- 13679323
TI  - The rate of progression to polycythemia vera or essential thrombocythemia in
      patients with erythrocytosis or thrombocytosis.
AB  - BACKGROUND: The clinical relevance of mild erythrocytosis (hematocrit > 0.48 in
      women or > 0.51 in men) or thrombocytosis (platelet count > 400 x 10(9) cells/L)
      in asymptomatic persons is uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the frequency of
      polycythemia vera or essential thrombocythemia in persons with erythrocytosis or
      thrombocytosis in a general population. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: Vicenza,
      Italy. PARTICIPANTS: 10 000 community dwellers age 18 to 65 years and enrolled in
      the Vicenza Thrombophilia and Atherosclerosis project. MEASUREMENTS: Platelet
      count and hematocrit at baseline in all participants and at second follow-up if
      baseline results were abnormal. Measurement of erythrocyte sedimentation rate,
      peripheral arterial saturation, serum erythropoietin level, and leukocyte
      alkaline phosphatase level; chest radiography; abdominal ultrasonography; and
      occult fecal blood testing were done in persons with confirmed high hematocrit or
      platelet counts. Polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia were diagnosed
      according to the Polycythemia Study Group criteria. RESULTS: At baseline
      examination, 1 person had polycythemia vera, 1 had essential thrombocythemia, 88
      had erythrocytosis, and 99 had thrombocytosis. Second examination confirmed
      erythrocytosis in 40% (95% CI, 29% to 51%) and thrombocytosis in 8% (CI, 4% to
      15%) of those with abnormal baseline results. Among persons with confirmed
      abnormalities, further evaluation revealed 11 with idiopathic erythrocytosis, 2
      with polycythemia vera (3/10 000 [CI, 0.6 to 8.7/10 000]), and 3 with essential
      thrombocythemia (4/10 000 [CI, 1.09 to 10.2/10 000]). After 5 years of follow-up,
      1 additional person with a high platelet count developed essential
      thrombocythemia, and no persons developed hemorrhagic or thrombotic
      complications. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalences of polycythemia vera and essential
      thrombocythemia were higher than expected in this general population. However,
      the risks for developing polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, or
      associated vascular complications in persons with erythrocytosis or
      thrombocytosis were low.

PMID- 13679324
TI  - Thiazide diuretics and the risk for hip fracture.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Since most hip fractures are related to osteoporosis, treating
      accelerated bone loss can be an important strategy to prevent hip fractures.
      Thiazides have been associated with reduced age-related bone loss by decreasing
      urinary calcium excretion. OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between dose and
      duration of thiazide diuretic use and the risk for hip fracture and to study the
      consequences of discontinuing use. DESIGN: Prospective population-based cohort
      study. SETTING: The Rotterdam Study. PARTICIPANTS: 7891 individuals 55 years of
      age and older. MEASUREMENTS: Hip fractures were reported by the general
      practitioners and verified by trained research assistants. Details of all
      dispensed drugs were available on a day-to-day basis. Exposure to thiazides was
      divided into 7 mutually exclusive categories: never use, current use for 1 to 42
      days, current use for 43 to 365 days, current use for more than 365 days,
      discontinuation of use since 1 to 60 days, discontinuation of use since 61 to 120
      days, and discontinuation of use since more than 120 days. RESULTS: 281 hip
      fractures occurred. Relative to nonuse, current use of thiazides for more than
      365 days was statistically significantly associated with a lower risk for hip
      fracture (hazard ratio, 0.46 [95% CI, 0.21 to 0.96]). There was no clear dose
      dependency. This lower risk disappeared approximately 4 months after thiazide use
      was discontinued. CONCLUSIONS: Thiazide diuretics protect against hip fracture,
      but this protective effect disappears within 4 months after use is discontinued.

PMID- 13679325
TI  - Long-term persistence of resistant Enterococcus species after antibiotics to
      eradicate Helicobacter pylori.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Antibiotic treatment selects for resistance not only in the pathogen
      to which it is directed but also in the indigenous microflora. OBJECTIVE: To
      determine whether a widely used regimen (clarithromycin, metronidazole, and
      omeprazole) for Helicobacter pylori eradication affects resistance development in
      enterococci. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: Endoscopy units at 3 community
      hospitals in Sweden. PATIENTS: 5 consecutive dyspeptic patients who were
      colonized with H. pylori, had endoscopy-confirmed duodenal ulcer, and received
      antibiotic treatment, and 5 consecutive controls with dyspepsia but no ulcer who
      did not receive treatment. MEASUREMENTS: Fecal samples were obtained from
      patients and controls before, immediately after, 1 year after, and 3 years after
      treatment. From each patient and sample, enterococci were isolated and analyzed
      for DNA fingerprint, clarithromycin susceptibility, and presence of the erm(B)
      gene. RESULTS: In treated patients, all enterococci isolated immediately after
      treatment showed high-level clarithromycin resistance due to erm(B). In 3
      patients, resistant enterococci persisted for 1 to 3 years after treatment. No
      resistance developed among controls. CONCLUSION: A common H. pylori treatment
      selects for highly resistant enterococci that can persist for at least 3 years
      without further selection.

PMID- 13679326
TI  - Hepatic injury in 12 patients taking the herbal weight loss AIDS Chaso or
      Onshido.
AB  - BACKGROUND: The Chinese herbal dietary supplements Chaso and Onshido are marketed
      for weight loss in Japan. The safety of these weight loss aids is unknown.
      OBJECTIVE: To describe patients who developed liver injury while taking Chaso or
      Onshido. DESIGN: Case series. SETTING: Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan,
      and other hospitals in Japan. PATIENTS: 6 patients who took Chaso and 6 patients
      who took Onshido before presenting with liver injury. MEASUREMENTS: Pathologic,
      clinical, and laboratory evaluations and chemical analysis of the herbal weight
      loss aids. RESULTS: All 12 patients developed acute liver injury characterized by
      a marked increase in serum liver chemistry values (mean alanine aminotransferase
      level, 1978 U/L [range, 283 to 4074 U/L]) after ingesting these products. Two
      patients developed fulminant hepatic failure: 1 patient required liver
      transplantation, and the other patient died. N-nitroso-fenfluramine, a variant of
      the appetite-depressant drug fenfluramine, was present in these products.
      CONCLUSIONS: The use of the weight loss aids Chaso and Onshido may be associated
      with acute liver injury. N-nitroso-fenfluramine is a possible hepatotoxic
      ingredient.

PMID- 13679327
TI  - Standardized reporting of clinical practice guidelines: a proposal from the
      Conference on Guideline Standardization.
AB  - Despite enormous energies invested in authoring clinical practice guidelines, the
      quality of individual guidelines varies considerably. The Conference on Guideline
      Standardization (COGS) was convened in April 2002 to define a standard for
      guideline reporting that would promote guideline quality and facilitate
      implementation. Twenty-three people with expertise and experience in guideline
      development, dissemination, and implementation participated. A list of candidate
      guideline components was assembled from the Institute of Medicine Provisional
      Instrument for Assessing Clinical Guidelines, the National Guideline
      Clearinghouse, the Guideline Elements Model, and other published guideline
      models. In a 2-stage modified Delphi process, panelists first rated their
      agreement with the statement that "[Item name] is a necessary component of
      practice guidelines" on a 9-point scale. An individualized report was prepared
      for each panelist; the report summarized the panelist's rating for each item and
      the median and dispersion of rankings of all the panelists. In a second round,
      panelists separately rated necessity for validity and necessity for practical
      application. Items achieving a median rank of 7 or higher on either scale, with
      low disagreement index, were retained as necessary guideline components.
      Representatives of 22 organizations active in guideline development reviewed the
      proposed items and commented favorably. Closely related items were consolidated
      into 18 topics to create the COGS checklist. This checklist provides a framework
      to support more comprehensive documentation of practice guidelines. Most
      organizations that are active in guideline development found the component items
      to be comprehensive and to fit within their existing development methods.

PMID- 13679328
TI  - Update in pulmonary diseases.

PMID- 13679329
TI  - Giant-cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica.
AB  - Giant-cell arteritis is an immune-mediated disease characterized by granulomatous
      infiltrates in the wall of medium-size and large arteries. The immunopathology
      consists of 2 components. Excessive cytokine production (for example, of
      interleukin-1 and interleukin-6) induces systemic inflammation with an exuberant
      acute-phase response. In parallel, interferon-gamma, which is released by T cells
      captured in the arterial wall, activates tissue-injurious macrophages. In
      response to the immune injury, the artery generates hyperplasia of the intima
      that leads to luminal occlusion and subsequent tissue ischemia. Despite the
      systemic character of the disease, distinct vascular territories are
      preferentially affected. On the basis of the predominant involvement, clinical
      subtypes can be distinguished: cranial giant-cell arteritis with ischemic
      complications in the eye, the face, and the central nervous system; large-vessel
      giant-cell arteritis with occlusions in the subclavian or axillary vessels;
      aortic giant-cell arteritis; giant-cell arteritis presenting as an intense
      systemic inflammatory syndrome with nonstenosing vasculitis; and "isolated"
      polymyalgia rheumatica with myalgias, systemic inflammation, and subclinical
      vasculitis. Temporal artery biopsy remains the diagnostic procedure of choice to
      detect arteritis in cranial vessels. In other vascular territories, giant-cell
      arteritis is most commonly diagnosed by vascular imaging. Laboratory studies
      characteristically document the marked elevations of nonspecific acute-phase
      reactants, such as C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
      Cytokines, such as interleukin-6, that induce the acute-phase reaction are
      currently being explored as more sensitive biological markers of disease
      activity. Corticosteroids are highly effective in suppressing systemic
      inflammation, but they do not eliminate the immune responses in the vessel wall.
      In general, the clinical outcome of giant-cell arteritis is excellent, and
      efforts must now concentrate on tailoring therapies to the needs of the
      individual patient.

PMID- 13679330
TI  - Ultrasonographic screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms.
AB  - Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) occur in 1 of 20 older men, remain asymptomatic
      for many years, and, if left untreated, cause death from rupture in about one
      third of patients. Ultrasonography is a suitable screening test for AAA, and
      elective repair can prevent rupture. Although these features suggest a promising
      target for a screening program, evidence of benefit from AAA screening has only
      recently become available. Four randomized trials of ultrasonographic screening
      involving more than 125 000 men have been reported, and each trial observed a
      reduction in AAA-related mortality (which was statistically significant in 2
      trials), ranging from 21% to 68%. One trial in women found no benefit. Other
      studies indicate that screening can begin in men older than 65 years of age and
      does not need to be repeated if results are negative. An AAA larger than 5.5 cm
      in diameter should be considered for elective open or endovascular repair. Most
      aneurysms detected at screening are smaller and should be kept under surveillance
      with periodic imaging measurement. Widespread elective repair of small AAAs could
      reduce the benefits and increase the costs of screening. No medical treatments
      have been proven to reduce the enlargement rate. If elective repair is reserved
      for larger AAAs, one-time ultrasonographic screening for AAA can be recommended
      for men 65 to 79 years of age who have ever smoked [correction].

PMID- 13679331
TI  - Collateral damage.

PMID- 13679332
TI  - Empty pockets.

PMID- 13679333
TI  - Deferred care for emergency department users with nonacute conditions.

PMID- 13679334
TI  - Deferred care for emergency department users with nonacute conditions.

PMID- 13679335
TI  - Deferred care for emergency department users with nonacute conditions.

PMID- 13679336
TI  - Pneumonitis with antiandrogens.

PMID- 13679337
TI  - Management of acute renal failure.

PMID- 13679338
TI  - Management of acute renal failure.

PMID- 13679339
TI  - Management of acute renal failure.

PMID- 13679340
TI  - Screening for prostate cancer.

PMID- 13679341
TI  - Screening for prostate cancer.

PMID- 13679342
TI  - Iron overload related to excessive vitamin C intake.

PMID- 13679343
TI  - How cloning could change medicine.

PMID- 13679344
TI  - Summaries for patients. Past antibiotic use affects resistance and outcomes of
      Helicobacter pylori infection.

PMID- 13679345
TI  - Summaries for patients. Polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia in a
      general population.

PMID- 13679346
TI  - Summaries for patients. Thiazide diuretics and hip fracture risk.

PMID- 13679347
TI  - Summaries for patients. Effects of antibiotic treatment for Helicobacter pylori
      on normal bowel bacteria.

PMID- 13679348
TI  - Summaries for patients. Liver injury in 12 patients taking the herbal weight loss
      aids Chaso or Onshido.

PMID- 13679349
TI  - Summaries for patients. Giant-cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica.

PMID- 13679350
TI  - Summaries for patients. Ultrasound screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm.

PMID- 13679351
TI  - Thickness of the roof of the glenoid fossa and condylar bone change: a CT study.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the
      thickness of the roof of the glenoid fossa in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
      and the existence and types of condylar bone change. MATERIALS AND METHODS:
      Helical CT was used to measure the thickness of the roof of the glenoid fossa at
      its thinnest part in 37 orthodontic patients with temporomandibular disorders.
      Condylar bone changes were classified into four types: no bone change (24
      joints); flattening (19 joints); osteophyte formation (13 joints); and erosion
      (18 joints). RESULTS: The roof of the glenoid fossa was significantly thicker in
      joints with bone change than in joints with no bone change (Mann-Whitney U-test,
      P<0.05). There was also a significant difference in relation to the type of
      condylar bone change: the thickness of the roof of the glenoid fossa in the
      erosion group was significantly greater than in the no bone change (P<0.01),
      flattening (P<0.05) and osteophyte formation (P<0.05) groups (Kruskal-Wallis and
      Games-Howell tests). CONCLUSION: Compensative bone formation in the roof of the
      glenoid fossa might help to withstand the increased stress in the TMJ
      accompanying condylar bone change, especially erosion.

PMID- 13679352
TI  - Does decreased T1 signal intensity in the retrodiscal tissue of the
      temporomandibular joint reflect increased density of collagen fibres?
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether decreased signal intensity on T(1) weighted MR
      images of the retrodiscal tissue of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) reflects
      increased density of collagen fibres. METHODS: Corrected sagittal T(1) weighted
      MR images of six TMJs from six fresh cadavers (three males and three females; age
      range 76-87 years, mean 80.8 years) were obtained. Following MRI, slices of
      tissue samples were taken from the cadavers that exactly matched the planes of
      the MR image. These samples were fixed, decalcified and stained (haematoxylin
      eosin stain, Elastica van Gieson's stain) for light microscopy. The samples were
      evaluated for density of collagen fibres according to Hall et al (1984) and for
      vascularity, arterial wall thickness, fat content and elastin. In these sagittal
      samples, the retrodiscal tissue was divided anteroposteriorly and vertically into
      six areas and each area was classified by histological parameters. The MR images
      were similarly divided into six areas. Areas with reduced signal intensity were
      classified as the low signal group and those with no reduced signals were
      classified as the control group. RESULTS: Collagen density assessed
      histologically differed between the low signal intensity group and the control
      group, and loose collage density on the histological samples was observed
      significantly more often in the low signal group (Fisher's exact test, P=0.03).
      There were no statistically significant differences in the other categories
      between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that reduced T1 signals
      of retrodiscal tissue do not necessarily reflect a dense distribution of collagen
      fibres.

PMID- 13679353
TI  - Dosimetry of two extraoral direct digital imaging devices: NewTom cone beam CT
      and Orthophos Plus DS panoramic unit.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: This study provides effective dose measurements for two extraoral
      direct digital imaging devices, the NewTom 9000 cone beam CT (CBCT) unit and the
      Orthophos Plus DS panoramic unit. METHODS: Thermoluminescent dosemeters were
      placed at 20 sites throughout the layers of the head and neck of a tissue
      equivalent RANDO phantom. Variations in phantom orientation and beam collimation
      were used to create three different CBCT examination techniques: a combined
      maxillary and mandibular scan (Max/Man), a maxillary scan and a mandibular scan.
      Ten exposures for each technique were used to ensure a reliable measure of
      radiation from the dosemeters. Average tissue-absorbed dose, weighted equivalent
      dose and effective dose were calculated for each major anatomical site. Effective
      doses of individual organs were summed with salivary gland exposures (E(SAL)) and
      without salivary gland exposures (E(ICRP60)) to calculate two measures of whole
      body effective dose. RESULTS: The effective doses for CBCT were: Max/Man scan,
      E(ICRP60)=36.3 micro Sv, E(SAL)=77.9 micro Sv; maxillary scan, E(ICRP60)=19.9
      micro Sv, E(SAL)=41.5 micro Sv; and mandibular scan, E(ICRP60)=34.7 micro Sv,
      E(SAL)=74.7 micro Sv. Effective doses for the panoramic examination were
      E(ICRP60)=6.2 micro Sv and E(SAL)=22.0 micro Sv. CONCLUSION: When viewed in the
      context of potential diagnostic yield, the E(ICRP60) of 36.3 micro Sv for the
      NewTom compares favourably with published effective doses for conventional CT
      (314 micro Sv) and film tomography (2-9 micro Sv per image). CBCT examinations
      resulted in doses that were 3-7 (E(ICRP60)) and 2-4 (E(SAL)) times the panoramic
      doses observed in this study.

PMID- 13679354
TI  - Detection of caries with local CT.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: An in vitro observer study of the detection of interproximal caries
      by local CT. METHODS: Detection of caries by means of conventional two
      dimensional (2D) digital radiography and by two CT modalities was compared.
      Ground truth was obtained from histological examination of the sectioned teeth.
      Twenty-three extracted teeth (46 surfaces) were placed in groups of six in two
      dry mandibles. The observers (n=10) scored the proximal surfaces for the presence
      of caries on a 1-5 confidence scale. Data analysis used analysis of variance (a
      General Linear Model). Observer and method were entered into the model as within
      subject variables and lesion depth was entered as a between-subjects variable.
      RESULTS: The analysis showed observer, method and lesion depth effects as well as
      several interaction effects to be significant. Observers performed significantly
      better with the vertically reformatted CT slices than with conventional
      radiographs (P=0.025). Furthermore, there were significant differences between
      observers, and several interactions were found to be significant. This means that
      although the reformatted slices performed best overall, this performance differed
      significantly depending on observer and on lesion depth. CONCLUSIONS: Vertically
      reformatted CT slices obtained with local CT performed significantly better than
      conventional 2D digital radiographs in visually detecting caries. Axial slices
      did not perform better than conventional radiographs. When vertically reformatted
      slices are used, local CT is a promising tool for the detection of interproximal
      caries.

PMID- 13679355
TI  - Influence of displayed image size on radiographic detection of approximal caries.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the validity of approximal caries detection on digital
      bitewing radiographs displayed at different image sizes on either a cathode ray
      tube (CRT) monitor or a thin film transistor (TFT) monitor. METHODS: Five
      observers assessed digital radiographs of a charge-coupled device (CCD)-based
      sensor system (Sidexis) of 160 unrestored premolars and molars for approximal
      caries using a six category caries rating scale. Images were displayed at ratios
      of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:7 on a CRT monitor (Nokia 446 XS) and a TFT display (Panasonic
      LC 50S). Histological assessments of serial sections were used as the validation
      standard. Diagnostic accuracy was expressed as area under the receiver operating
      characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) and was calculated at two levels of caries
      penetration: presence of caries (I) and presence of a lesion in the dentine (II).
      The influence of the factors "monitor type", "image size" and "validation
      threshold" were analysed with repeated measures analysis of variance. RESULTS:
      The ROC curve areas for approximal caries detection at both histological
      penetration levels were not influenced by the type of monitor display, whereas
      image size had a significant impact (P<0.01). AUCs for image size 1:7 (I, 0.62;
      II, 0.65) were smaller compared with ratios of 1:1 and 1:2 (P<0.01). No
      differences were observed between image size ratios 1:1 (I, 0.69; II, 0.74) and
      1:2 (I, 0.68; II, 0.73). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the type of monitor did not
      influence approximal caries detection on digital radiographs. Image sizes with a
      display ratio of 1:1 and 1:2 resulted in better diagnostic validity than those
      with a ratio of 1:7.

PMID- 13679356
TI  - Effects of oestrogen deficiency on rat mandibular and tibial microarchitecture.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of oestrogen deficiency on the
      microarchitecture of trabecular bone in the mandible and the tibia and to test
      whether they are correlated. METHODS: Twenty-four age-matched Lewis-Brown-Norway
      female rats underwent surgical intervention either to remove ovaries
      (ovariectomy, n=12) or to create a complementary control group (sham-operated,
      n=12). Sixteen weeks later, the animals were sacrificed and the left side of the
      mandibles and the tibias were scanned with high resolution micro-CT (15 micro m).
      Multiple morphological measures including the ratio of bone volume/tissue volume,
      trabecular thickness, trabecular separation and structure model index were
      obtained from the experimental and control groups. RESULTS: Ovariectomy
      significantly decreased the ratio of bone volume/soft tissue volume and
      trabecular thickness, whilst significantly increasing trabecular separation and
      structure model index in the mandible (P<0.005) and the tibia (P<0.005). There
      were significant positive correlations between the mandible and the tibia for
      trabecular separation (r=0.68, P<0.01) and structure model index (r=0.60,
      P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Oestrogen deficiency results in microarchitectural
      alterations of trabecular bone in both the mandible and the tibia within 16
      weeks. The size of marrow spaces and the shape of trabeculae in the mandible
      correlate with osteoporotic changes in the long bone.

PMID- 13679357
TI  - Tuberculous lymph node calcification detected on routine panoramic radiography: a
      case report.
AB  - Cervical lymph node calcification is usually asymptomatic and may be found on a
      routine panoramic survey. Such calcifications in tuberculosis occur most often
      after caseation of the node or after treatment. Our patient had lymph node
      tuberculosis about 50 years ago. On the panoramic radiograph, several massive,
      irregular, radiopaque masses were detected. These masses were regarded as
      submandibular cervical lymph node calcifications. We suggest that lymph node
      tuberculosis may have been due to ingesting milk infected with Mycobacterium
      bovis, and that both the delay in the diagnosis and the successful treatment was
      the cause of lymph node calcification.

PMID- 13679358
TI  - Hair artefacts in the head and neck region.
AB  - Three cases illustrating hair artefacts in conventional and panoramic radiography
      are reported. Hairstyles may create a considerable range of radiopaque patterns,
      including simple representation of synthetic hair braid extensions or findings
      that seem inexplicable without thorough reconstruction of the imaging situation.
      It may be concluded that hair artefacts should be considered in all questionable
      opacities of the head and neck region.

PMID- 13679360
TI  - From proteins and protein models to their use in immunology and immunotherapy.

PMID- 13679361
TI  - Oxyanion hole-stabilized stereospecific isomerization in ribose-5-phosphate
      isomerase (Rpi).
AB  - Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase (Rpi) acts as a key enzyme in the oxidative and
      reductive pentose-phosphate pathways for the conversion of ribose-5-phosphate
      (R5P) to ribulose-5-phosphate and vice versa. We have determined the crystal
      structures of Rpi from Thermus thermophilus HB8 in complex with the open chain
      form of the substrate R5P and the open chain form of the C2 epimeric inhibitor
      arabinose-5-phosphate as well as the apo form at high resolution. The crystal
      structures of both complexes revealed that these ring-opened epimers are bound in
      the active site in a mirror symmetry binding mode. The O1 atoms are stabilized by
      an oxyanion hole composed of the backbone amide nitrogens in the conserved motif.
      In the structure of the Rpi.R5P complex, the conversion moiety O1-C1-C2-O2 in cis
      configuration interacts with the carboxyl oxygens of Glu-108 in a water-excluded
      environment. Furthermore, the C2 hydroxyl group is presumed to be highly
      polarized by short hydrogen bonding with the side chain of Lys-99. R5P bound as
      the ring-opened reaction intermediate clarified the high stereoselectivity of the
      catalysis and is consistent with an aldose-ketose conversion by Rpi that proceeds
      via a cis-enediolate intermediate.

PMID- 13679362
TI  - Enhanced viscoelasticity of human cystic fibrotic sputum correlates with
      increasing microheterogeneity in particle transport.
AB  - Current biochemical characterizations of cystic fibrosis (CF) sputum do not
      address the high degree of microheterogeneity in the rheological properties of
      the mucosal matrix and only provide bulk-average particle diffusion coefficients.
      The viscoelasticity of CF sputum greatly reduces the diffusion rates of colloidal
      particles, limiting the effectiveness of gene delivery to underlying lung cells.
      We determine diffusion coefficients of hundreds of individual amine-modified and
      carboxylated polystyrene particles (diameter 100-500 nm) embedded in human CF
      sputum with 5 nm and 33 ms of spatiotemporal resolution. High resolution multiple
      particle tracking is used to calculate the effective viscoelastic properties of
      CF sputum at the micron scale, which we relate to its macroscopic
      viscoelasticity. CF sputum microviscosity, as probed by 100- and 200-nm
      particles, is an order of magnitude lower than its macroviscosity, suggesting
      that nanoparticles dispersed in CF sputum are transported primarily through lower
      viscosity pores within a highly elastic matrix. Multiple particle tracking
      provides a non-destructive, highly sensitive method to quantify the high
      heterogeneity of the mucus pore network. The mean diffusion coefficient becomes
      dominated by relatively few but fast-moving particles as particle size is reduced
      from 500 to 100 nm. Neutrally charged particles with a diameter <200 nm undergo
      more rapid transport in CF sputum than charged particles. Treatment with
      recombinant human DNase (Pulmozyme) reduces macroviscoelastic properties of CF
      sputum by up to 50% and dramatically narrows the distribution of individual
      particle diffusion rates but surprisingly does not significantly alter the
      ensemble-average particle diffusion rate.

PMID- 13679363
TI  - Xenopus cold-inducible RNA-binding protein 2 interacts with ElrA, the Xenopus
      homolog of HuR, and inhibits deadenylation of specific mRNAs.
AB  - Xenopus cold-inducible RNA-binding protein 2 (xCIRP2) is a major cytoplasmic RNA
      binding protein in oocytes. In this study, we identify another RNA-binding
      protein ElrA, the Xenopus homolog of HuR, as an interacting protein of xCIRP2 by
      yeast two-hybrid screening. As ElrA stabilizes the RNA body in the in vitro mRNA
      stability system, we examine the role of xCIRP2 in the stabilization of mRNA and
      find that xCIRP2 inhibits deadenylation of AU-rich element-containing mRNA. These
      results suggest that xCIRP2 and ElrA may be involved in the regulation of mRNA
      stability at different steps. By immunoprecipitation with anti-xCIRP2 antibody,
      we find that xCIRP2 interacts with several mRNAs including mRNA encoding the
      centrosomal kinase Nek2B in oocytes. xCIRP2 also inhibits deadenylation of the
      mRNA substrate containing the 3'-untranslated region of Nek2B mRNA in the in
      vitro system. Our results suggest that xCIRP2 associates with specific mRNAs and
      can regulate the length of poly(A) tail in Xenopus oocytes.

PMID- 13679364
TI  - Polysialic acid and mucin type o-glycans on the neural cell adhesion molecule
      differentially regulate myoblast fusion.
AB  - Polysialic acid attached to the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) is thought
      to play a critical role in development. NCAM in muscle tissue contains a muscle
      specific domain (MSD) to which mucin type O-glycans are attached. In the present
      study, using the C2C12 myoblast system, we show that NCAM containing MSD is
      increasingly expressed on the cell surface as myotubes form. Polysialic acid is
      primarily attached to N-glycans of NCAM, and polysialylated NCAM is expressed on
      the outer surface of myotube bundles. By transfecting cDNAs encoding wild type
      and mutant forms of NCAM, we found that NCAM containing MSD facilitates myoblast
      fusion, and this effect is diminished by mutating O-glycosylation sites at MSD.
      By contrast, forced expression of polysialic acid in early differentiation stages
      reduces myotube formation and delays the expression of NCAM containing the MSD
      domain. Strikingly, inhibition of polysialic acid synthesis by antisense DNA
      approach induced differentiation in both human rhabdomyosarcoma cells, which
      overexpress polysialic acid, and C2C12 cells. These results indicate that
      polysialic acid and mucin type O-glycans on NCAM differentially regulate myoblast
      fusion, playing critical roles in muscle development.

PMID- 13679365
TI  - Mcm4,6,7 uses a "pump in ring" mechanism to unwind DNA by steric exclusion and
      actively translocate along a duplex.
AB  - Mcm4,6,7 is a ring-shaped heterohexamer and the putative eukaryotic replication
      fork helicase. In this study, we examine the mechanism of Mcm4,6,7. Mcm4,6,7
      binds to only one strand of a duplex during unwinding, corresponding to the
      leading strand of a replication fork. Mcm4,6,7 unwinding stops at a nick in
      either strand. The Mcm4,6,7 ring also actively translocates along duplex DNA,
      enabling the protein to drive branch migration of Holliday junctions. The
      Mcm4,6,7 mechanism is very similar to DnaB, except the proteins translocate with
      opposite polarity along DNA. Mcm4,6,7 and DnaB have different structural folds
      and evolved independently; thus, the similarity in mechanism is surprising. We
      propose a "pump in ring" mechanism for both Mcm4,6,7 and DnaB, wherein a single
      stranded DNA pump is situated within the central channel of the ring-shaped
      helicase, and unwinding is the result of steric exclusion. In this example of
      convergent evolution, the "pump in ring" mechanism was probably selected by
      eukaryotic and bacterial replication fork helicases in order to restrict
      unwinding to replication fork structures, stop unwinding when the replication
      fork encounters a nick, and actively translocate along duplex DNA to accomplish
      additional activities such as DNA branch migration.

PMID- 13679366
TI  - An extended winged helix domain in general transcription factor E/IIE alpha.
AB  - Initiation of eukaryotic mRNA transcription requires melting of promoter DNA with
      the help of the general transcription factors TFIIE and TFIIH. Here we define a
      conserved and functionally essential N-terminal domain in TFE, the archaeal
      homolog of the large TFIIE subunit alpha. X-ray crystallography shows that this
      TFE domain adopts a winged helix-turn-helix (winged helix) fold, extended by
      specific alpha-helices at the N and C termini. Although the winged helix fold is
      often found in DNA-binding proteins, we show that TFE is not a typical DNA
      binding winged helix protein, because its putative DNA-binding face shows a
      negatively charged groove and an unusually long wing, and because the domain
      lacks DNA-binding activity in vitro. The groove and a conserved hydrophobic
      surface patch on the additional N-terminal alpha-helix may, however, allow for
      interactions with other general transcription factors and RNA polymerase.
      Homology modeling shows that the TFE domain is conserved in TFIIE alpha,
      including the potential functional surfaces.

PMID- 13679367
TI  - Molecular identification and functional roles of a Ca(2+)-activated K+ channel in
      human and mouse hearts.
AB  - The repolarization phase of cardiac action potential is prone to aberrant
      excitation that is common in cardiac patients. Here, we demonstrate that this
      phase is markedly sensitive to Ca2+ because of the surprising existence of a Ca2+
      activated K+ currents in cardiac cells. The current was revealed using recording
      conditions that preserved endogenous Ca2+ buffers. The Ca2+-activated K+ current
      is expressed differentially in atria compared with ventricles. Because of the
      significant contribution of the current toward membrane repolarization in cardiac
      myocytes, alterations of the current magnitude precipitate abnormal action
      potential profiles. We confirmed the presence of a small conductance Ca2+
      activated K+ channel subtype (SK2) in human and mouse cardiac myocytes using
      Western blot analysis and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and
      have cloned SK2 channels from human atria, mouse atria, and ventricles. Because
      of the marked differential expression of SK2 channels in the heart, specific
      ligands for Ca2+-activated K+ currents may offer a unique therapeutic opportunity
      to modify atrial cells without interfering with ventricular myocytes.

PMID- 13679368
TI  - The human polymeric immunoglobulin receptor binds to Streptococcus pneumoniae via
      domains 3 and 4.
AB  - Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) is a major cause of bacterial
      pneumonia, middle ear infection (otitis media), sepsis, and meningitis. Our
      previous study demonstrated that the choline-binding protein A (CbpA) of S.
      pneumoniae binds to the human polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) and
      enhances pneumococcal adhesion to and invasion of cultured epithelial cells. In
      this study, we sought to determine the CbpA-binding motif on pIgR by deletional
      analysis. The extra-cellular portion of pIgR consists of five Ig-like domains (D1
      D5), each of which contains 104-114 amino acids and two disulfide bonds.
      Deletional analysis of human pIgR revealed that the lack of either D3 or D4
      resulted in the loss of CbpA binding, whereas complete deletions of domains D1,
      D2, and D5 had undetectable impacts. Subsequent analysis showed that domains D3
      and D4 together were necessary and sufficient for the ligand-binding activity.
      Furthermore, CbpA binding of pIgR did not appear to require Ca2+ or Mg2+.
      Finally, treating pIgR with a reducing agent abolished CbpA binding, suggesting
      that disulfide bonding is required for the formation of CbpA-binding motif(s).
      These results strongly suggest a conformational CbpA-binding motif(s) in the
      D3/D4 region of human pIgR, which is functionally separated from the IgA-binding
      site(s).

PMID- 13679369
TI  - Enzymic, phylogenetic, and structural characterization of the unusual papain-like
      protease domain of Plasmodium falciparum SERA5.
AB  - Serine repeat antigen 5 (SERA5) is an abundant antigen of the human malaria
      parasite Plasmodium falciparum and is the most strongly expressed member of the
      nine-gene SERA family. It appears to be essential for the maintenance of the
      erythrocytic cycle, unlike a number of other members of this family, and has been
      implicated in parasite egress and/or erythrocyte invasion. All SERA proteins
      possess a central domain that has homology to papain except in the case of SERA5
      (and some other SERAs), where the active site cysteine has been replaced with a
      serine. To investigate if this domain retains catalytic activity, we expressed,
      purified, and refolded a recombinant form of the SERA5 enzyme domain. This
      protein possessed chymotrypsin-like proteolytic activity as it processed
      substrates downstream of aromatic residues, and its activity was reversed by the
      serine protease inhibitor 3,4-diisocoumarin. Although all Plasmodium SERA enzyme
      domain sequences share considerable homology, phylogenetic studies revealed two
      distinct clusters across the genus, separated according to whether they possess
      an active site serine or cysteine. All Plasmodia appear to have at least one
      member of each group. Consistent with separate biological roles for members of
      these two clusters, molecular modeling studies revealed that SERA5 and SERA6
      enzyme domains have dramatically different surface properties, although both have
      a characteristic papain-like fold, catalytic cleft, and an appropriately
      positioned catalytic triad. This study provides impetus for the examination of
      SERA5 as a target for antimalarial drug design.

PMID- 13679370
TI  - Mouse ephrinB3 augments T-cell signaling and responses to T-cell receptor
      ligation.
AB  - Ephrins (EFN) are cell-surface ligands of Ephs, the largest family of cell
      surface receptor tyrosine kinases. The function of EFNs in the immune system has
      not been well studied, although some EFNs and Ephs are expressed at high levels
      on certain leukocytes. We report here that EFNB3 and its receptors (collectively
      called EFNB3Rs, as EFNB3 binds to multiple EphBs) were expressed in peripheral T
      cells and monocytes/macrophages, with T cells being the dominant EFNB3+ and
      EFNB3R+ cell type. Solid-phase EFNB3-Fc in the presence of suboptimal anti-CD3
      crosslinking enhanced T-cell responses in terms of proliferation, activation
      marker expression, interferon-gamma but not interleukin-2 production, and
      cytotoxic T-cell activity. EFNB3R costimulation in the presence of phorbol 12
      myristate 13- acetate was insensitive to cyclosporin A, similar to CD28
      costimulation, suggesting they might share a part of the signaling pathway. After
      crosslinking, T-cell receptor and EFNB3R congregated into aggregated rafts, and
      this provided a morphological basis for signaling pathways of T-cell receptor and
      EFNB3R to interact. Solid-phase EFNB3-Fc augmented p38 and p44/42 MAPK activation
      further downstream of the signaling pathway. These data suggest that EFNB3 is
      important in T-cell/T-cell and T-cell/antigen-presenting cell collaboration to
      enhance T-cell activation and function.

PMID- 13679371
TI  - Suramin and suramin analogues inhibit merozoite surface protein-1 secondary
      processing and erythrocyte invasion by the malaria parasite Plasmodium
      falciparum.
AB  - Malarial merozoites invade erythrocytes; and as an essential step in this
      invasion process, the 42-kDa fragment of Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface
      protein-1 (MSP142) is further cleaved to a 33-kDa N-terminal polypeptide (MSP133)
      and an 19-kDa C-terminal fragment (MSP119) in a secondary processing step.
      Suramin was shown to inhibit both merozoite invasion and MSP142 proteolytic
      cleavage. This polysulfonated naphthylurea bound directly to recombinant P.
      falciparum MSP142 (Kd = 0.2 microM) and to Plasmodium vivax MSP142 (Kd = 0.3
      microM) as measured by fluorescence enhancement in the presence of the protein
      and by isothermal titration calorimetry. Suramin bound only slightly less tightly
      to the P. vivax MSP133 (Kd = 1.5 microM) secondary processing product
      (fluorescence measurements), but very weakly to MSP119 (Kd approximately 15 mM)
      (NMR measurements). Several residues in MSP119 were implicated in the interaction
      with suramin using NMR measurements. A series of symmetrical suramin analogues
      that differ in the number of aromatic rings and substitution patterns of the
      terminal naphthylamine groups was examined in invasion and processing assays. Two
      classes of analogue with either two or four bridging rings were found to be
      active in both assays, whereas two other classes without bridging rings were
      inactive. We propose that suramin and related compounds inhibit erythrocyte
      invasion by binding to MSP1 and by preventing its cleavage by the secondary
      processing protease. The results indicate that enzymatic events during invasion
      are suitable targets for drug development and validate the novel concept of an
      inhibitor binding to a macromolecular substrate to prevent its proteolysis by a
      protease.

PMID- 13679372
TI  - Gating of shaker-type channels requires the flexibility of S6 caused by prolines.
AB  - The recent crystallization of a voltage-gated K+ channel has given insight into
      the structure of these channels but has not resolved the issues of the location
      and the operation of the gate. The conserved PXP motif in the S6 segment of
      Shaker channels has been proposed to contribute to the intracellular gating
      structure. To investigate the role of this motif in the destabilization of the
      alpha-helix, both prolines were replaced to promote an alpha-helix (alanine) or
      to allow a flexible configuration (glycine). These substitutions were
      nonfunctional or resulted in drastically altered channel gating, highlighting an
      important role of these prolines. Combining these mutations with a proline
      substitution scan demonstrated that proline residues in the midsection of S6 are
      required for functionality, but not necessarily at the positions conserved
      throughout evolution. These results indicate that the destabilization or bending
      of the S6 alpha-helix caused by the PXP motif apparently creates a flexible
      "hinge" that allows movement of the lower S6 segment during channel gating and
      opening.

PMID- 13679373
TI  - The interleukin 1 (IL-1) receptor accessory protein Toll/IL-1 receptor domain:
      analysis of putative interaction sites in vitro mutagenesis and molecular
      modeling.
AB  - The Toll/interleukin 1 (IL-1) receptor family plays an important role in both
      innate and adaptive immunity. These receptors are characterized by a C-terminal
      homology motif called the Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain. A principal function
      of the TIR domain is mediating homotypic protein-protein interactions in the
      signal transduction pathway. To suggest interaction sites of TIR domains in the
      IL-1 receptor complex, we modeled the putative three-dimensional structure of the
      TIR domain within the co-receptor chain, IL-1 receptor accessory protein. The
      model was based on homology with the crystal structures of human TLR1 and TLR2.
      The final structure of the IL-1 receptor accessory protein TIR domain suggests
      the conserved regions box 1 and 2, including Pro-446, as well as box 3 within the
      C-terminal alpha-helix as possible protein-protein interaction sites due to their
      exposure and their electrostatic potential. Pro-446, corresponding to the Pro/His
      mutation in dominant negative TLR4, is located in the third loop at the outmost
      edge of the TIR domain and does not play any structural role. Inhibition of IL-1
      responsiveness seen after substitution of Pro-446 by charged amino acids is due
      to the loss of an interaction site for other TIR domains. Amino acids 527-534 as
      part of the loop close to the conserved box 3 are critical for recruitment of
      myeloid differentiation factor 88 and to a lesser extent for IL-1 responsiveness.
      Modeling suggests that native folding of the TIR domain may be approached by the
      responsive deletion mutants delta528-534 and delta527-533, whereas the C-terminal
      beta-strand and/or alpha-helix is displaced in the nonresponsive mutant delta527
      534.

PMID- 13679374
TI  - Fis stabilizes the interaction between RNA polymerase and the ribosomal promoter
      rrnB P1, leading to transcriptional activation.
AB  - It has been shown that Fis activates transcription of the ribosomal promoter rrnB
      P1; however, the mechanism by which Fis activates rrnB P1 transcription is not
      fully understood. Paradoxically, although Fis activates transcription of rrnB P1
      in vitro, transcription from the promoter containing Fis sites (as measured from
      rrnB P1-lacZ fusions) is not reduced in a fis null mutant strain. In this study,
      we further investigated the mechanism by which Fis activates transcription of the
      rrnB P1 promoter and the role of Fis in rRNA synthesis and cell growth in
      Escherichia coli. Like all other stringent promoters investigated so far, open
      complex of rrnB P1 has been shown to be intrinsically unstable, making open
      complex stability a potential regulatory step in transcription of this class of
      promoters. Our results show that Fis acts at this regulatory step by stabilizing
      the interaction between RNA polymerase and rrnB P1 in the absence of NTPs.
      Mutational analysis of the Fis protein demonstrates that there is a complete
      correlation between Fis-mediated transcriptional activation of rrnB P1 and Fis
      mediated stabilization of preinitiation complexes of the promoter. Thus, our
      study indicates that Fis-mediated stabilization of RNA polymerase-rrnB P1
      preinitiation complexes, presumably at the open complex step, contributes
      prominently to transcriptional activation. Furthermore, our in vivo results show
      that rRNA synthesis from the P1 promoters of several rRNA operons are reduced 2
      fold in a fis null mutant compared with the wild type strain, indicating that Fis
      plays an important role in the establishment of robust rRNA synthesis when E.
      coli cells are emerging from a growth-arrested phase to a rapid growth phase.
      Thus, our results resolve an apparent paradox of the role of Fis in vitro and in
      vivo in the field.

PMID- 13679375
TI  - Integrin alpha2beta1 inhibits Fas-mediated apoptosis in T lymphocytes by protein
      phosphatase 2A-dependent activation of the MAPK/ERK pathway.
AB  - The mechanisms by which T lymphocytes escape apoptosis during their activation
      are still poorly defined. In this study, we elucidated the intracellular
      signaling pathways through which beta1 integrins modulate Fas-mediated apoptosis
      in T lymphocytes. In experiments done in Jurkat T cells and activated peripheral
      blood T lymphocytes, engagement of alpha2beta1 integrin with collagen type I
      (Coll I) was found to significantly reduce Fas-induced apoptosis and caspase-8
      activation; Annexin V binding and DNA fragmentation were reduced by approximately
      42 and 38%, respectively. We demonstrated that the protective action of Coll I
      does not require new protein synthesis but was dependent on the activation of the
      MAPK/Erk pathway. Furthermore, we found that activation of protein phosphatase 2A
      (PP2A) by Coll I was required for both Coll I-mediated activation of Erk, and
      inhibition of Fas-induced caspase-8 activation and apoptosis. Other ligands of
      beta1 integrins, fibronectin (Fbn), and laminin (Lam), did not sustain
      significant Erk activation and had no effect on Fas-induced apoptosis. Taken
      together, these results provide the first evidence of a PP2A-dependent activation
      of the MAPK/Erk pathway downstream of alpha2beta1 integrin, which has a
      functional role in regulating Fas-mediated apoptosis in T lymphocytes. As such,
      this study emphasizes the potential importance that Coll I interactions may have
      on the control of T lymphocyte homeostasis and their persistence in chronic
      inflammatory diseases.

PMID- 13679376
TI  - Cross-linked hemoglobin converts endotoxically inactive pentaacyl endotoxins into
      a physiologically active conformation.
AB  - The interaction of purified alpha alpha cross-linked hemoglobin (alpha alpha Hb)
      with a pentaacylated mutant lipopolysaccharide (pLPS) and the corresponding lipid
      A (pLA) was studied biophysically and the effects correlated with data from
      biological assays, i.e. cytokine induction (tumor necrosis factor-alpha) in human
      mononuclear cells and the Limulus amebocyte lysate assay. Fourier transform
      infrared spectroscopic and Zeta-Sizer experiments indicated an electrostatic as
      well as a non-electrostatic binding of alpha alpha Hb to the hydrophilic and to
      the hydrophobic moieties of the endotoxins with an increase of the inclination
      angle of the pLA backbone, with respect to the membrane surface, from 25 degrees
      to more than 50 degrees. Small angle synchrotron radiation x-ray diffraction
      measurements indicated a reorientation of the lipid A aggregates from a
      multilamellar into a cubic structure as a result of alpha alpha Hb interaction.
      Thus, in the absence of alpha alpha Hb, the molecular shape of the pentaacyl
      samples was cylindrical with a moderate inclination of the diglucosamine
      backbone, whereas, in the presence of the protein, the shape was conical, and the
      inclination angle was high. The cytokine-inducing capability in human mononuclear
      cells, negligible for the pure pentaacylated compounds, increased markedly in the
      presence of alpha alpha Hb in a concentration-dependent manner. In the Limulus
      assay, the pentaacylated samples were active a priori, and their activity was
      enhanced following binding to alpha alphaHb, at least at the highest protein
      concentrations. The data can be understood in the light of a reaggregation of the
      endotoxins because of alpha alpha Hb binding, with the endotoxin backbones then
      readily accessible for serum and membrane proteins. By using fluorescence
      resonance energy transfer spectroscopy, an uptake of the endotoxin-Hb complex
      into phospholipid liposomes was observed, which provides a basis for cell
      activation.

PMID- 13679377
TI  - Multimerization of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL)
      isoforms and regulation of osteoclastogenesis.
AB  - The receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL), a member of the
      tumor necrosis factor family, is a transmembrane protein, which is known as an
      essential initiation factor of osteoclastogenesis. Previously, we identified
      three RANKL isoforms. RANKL1 was identical to the originally reported RANKL.
      RANKL2 had a shorter intracellular domain. RANKL3 did not have the intracellular
      or transmembrane domains and was suggested to act as a soluble form protein.
      Here, we show that RANKL forms homo- or heteromultimers. NIH3T3 cells transfected
      with RANKL1 or RANKL2 form mononuclear tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase
      positive preosteoclasts in an in vitro osteoclastogenesis assay system.
      Coexpression of RANKL1 and RANKL2 induces multinucleated osteoclasts. RANKL3 has
      no effect on the formation of preosteoclasts or osteoclasts but significantly
      inhibits fusion of preosteoclasts when coexpressed with RANKL1 and RANKL2. These
      findings imply the presence of multiple multimeric structures of RANKL, which may
      regulate bone metabolism.

PMID- 13679378
TI  - The RuvAB branch migration complex can displace topoisomerase IV.quinolone.DNA
      ternary complexes.
AB  - Quinolone antimicrobial drugs target both DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV (Topo
      IV) and convert these essential enzymes into cellular poisons. Topoisomerase
      poisoning results in the inhibition of DNA replication and the generation of
      double-strand breaks. Double-strand breaks are repaired by homologous
      recombination. Here, we have investigated the interaction between the RuvAB
      branch migration complex and the Topo IV.quinolone.DNA ternary complex. A strand
      displacement assay is employed to assess the helicase activity of the RuvAB
      complex in vitro. RuvAB-catalyzed strand displacement requires both RuvA and RuvB
      proteins, and it is stimulated by a 3'-non-hybridized tail. Interestingly, Topo
      IV.quinolone.DNA ternary complexes do not inhibit the translocation of the RuvAB
      complex. In fact, Topo IV.quinolone.DNA ternary complexes are reversed and
      displaced from the DNA upon their collisions with the RuvAB complex. These
      results suggest that the RuvAB branch migration complex can actively remove
      quinolone-induced covalent topoisomerase.DNA complexes from DNA and complete the
      homologous recombination process in vivo.

PMID- 13679379
TI  - Multiple cis-elements mediate the transcriptional activation of human fra-1 by 12
      O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in bronchial epithelial cells.
AB  - Recent studies indicate a potential role for Fra-1, a heterodimeric partner of
      activator protein 1 (AP1), in toxicant-induced epithelial injury, repair, and
      cellular transformation. Here, we have investigated the transcriptional
      regulation of fra-1 by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in human
      bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells, which are the direct targets of inhaled
      toxins/carcinogens. In contrast to a transient induction by H2O2, TPA
      persistently activated fra-1 transcription, principally at the transcriptional
      level. A deletion analysis of the fra-1 promoter revealed that several cis
      elements located between -105/+32 and -283/-105 bp mediate minimal and basal
      promoter activities, respectively. A region between -379 and -283 bp, which
      harbors a putative TPA response element, a GC box, and an Ets-like binding site,
      was required for high level TPA-inducible expression. Mutations in any of these
      cis-elements markedly reduced both basal and TPA-inducible expression. Thus,
      cooperative interactions between factors binding to multiple cis-elements of the 
      379/-283 promoter region appear to regulate TPA-induced fra-1 transcription in
      HBE cells. Consistent with this finding, electrophoretic mobility shift assays
      indicated the formation of multiple complexes consisting of the AP1-, Sp-, and
      ETS-specific family of transcription factors with the -379/-283 fragment. Members
      of the AP1 family distinctly regulated the fra-1 promoter. In particular,
      coexpression of c-Jun, Jun-D, and Fra-2 up-regulated fra-1 transcription.
      Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed an enhanced recruitment of c-Jun,
      Jun-D, and Fra-2 to the endogenous fra-1 promoter upon TPA stimulation. These
      results underscore the regulatory role of c-Jun, Jun-D, and Fra-2 in TPA
      inducible fra-1 expression in HBE cells in vivo.

PMID- 13679380
TI  - Cystatin 10, a novel chondrocyte-specific protein, may promote the last steps of
      the chondrocyte differentiation pathway.
AB  - This study attempts to characterize cystatin 10 (Cst10), which we recently
      identified as a novel protein implicated in endochondral ossification. Expression
      of Cst10 was specific to cartilage, localized in the cytosol of prehypertrophic
      and hypertrophic chondrocytes of the mouse growth plate. In the mouse
      chondrogenic cell line ATDC5, Cst10 expression preceded type X collagen
      expression and increased in synchrony with maturation. When we compared ATDC5
      cells transfected with Cst10 cDNA with cells transfected with a mock vector,
      hypertrophic maturation and mineralization of chondrocytes were promoted by Cst10
      gene overexpression in that type X collagen expression was observed earlier, and
      alizarin red staining was stronger. On the other hand, type II collagen
      expression and Alcian blue staining, both of which are markers of the early stage
      of chondrocyte differentiation, were similar in both cells. Overexpression of the
      Cst10 gene also caused fragmentation of nuclei, the appearance of annexin V, a
      change in the mitochondrial membrane potential, and activation of caspases. These
      results strongly suggest that Cst10 may play an important role in the last steps
      of the chondrocyte differentiation pathway as an inducer of maturation, followed
      by apoptosis of chondrocytes.

PMID- 13679381
TI  - Age-related changes in the response of human articular cartilage to IL-1alpha and
      transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta): chondrocytes exhibit a diminished
      sensitivity to TGF-beta.
AB  - Cartilage glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis and composition, upon which its
      structural integrity depends, varies with age, is modified by anabolic and
      catabolic stimuli, and is regulated by UDP-glucuronate availability. However, how
      such stimuli, prototypically represented by transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF
      beta1) and IL-1alpha, modify GAG synthesis during aging of normal human articular
      cartilage is not known. Using explants, we show that chondroitin sulfate
      (CS):total GAG ratios decrease, whereas C6S:C4S ratios increase with cartilage
      maturation, and that chondrocytes in the cartilage mid-zone, but not the
      superficial or deep zones, exhibit uridine 5'-diphosphoglucose dehydrogenase
      (UDPGD) activity, which is also increased in mature cartilage. We also show that
      IL-1alpha treatment reduces both total GAG and CS synthesis, decreases C6S:C4S
      ratios (less C6S), but fails to modify chondrocyte UDPGD activity at all ages. On
      the other hand, TGF-beta1 increases total GAG synthesis in immature, but not
      mature, cartilage (stimulates CS but not non-CS), age-independently decreases
      C6S:C4S (more C4S), and increases chondrocyte UDPGD activity in a manner
      inversely correlated with age. Our findings show that TGF-beta1, but not IL
      1alpha, modifies matrix synthesis such that its composition more closely
      resembles "less mature" articular cartilage. These effects of TGF-beta1, which
      appear to be restricted to periods of skeletal immaturity, are closely associated
      although not necessarily mechanistically linked with increases in chondrocyte
      UDPGD activity. The antianabolic effects of IL-1alpha are, on the other hand,
      likely to be independent of any direct modification in UDPGD activity and
      manifest equally in human cartilage of all ages.

PMID- 13679382
TI  - Deoxyribonucleotide pool imbalance stimulates deletions in HeLa cell
      mitochondrial DNA.
AB  - Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy (MNGIE) is an autosomal
      recessive disorder associated with multiple mutations in mitochondrial DNA, both
      deletions and point mutations, and mutations in the nuclear gene for thymidine
      phosphorylase. Spinazzola et al. (Spinazzola, A., Marti, R., Nishino, I., Andreu,
      A., Naini, A., Tadesse, S., Pela, I., Zammarchi, E., Donati, M., Oliver, J., and
      Hirano, M. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 277, 4128-4133) showed that MNGIE patients have
      elevated circulating thymidine levels and they hypothesized that this generates
      imbalanced mitochondrial deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) pools, which in
      turn are responsible for mitochondrial (mt) DNA mutagenesis. We tested this
      hypothesis by culturing HeLa cells in medium supplemented with 50 microM
      thymidine. After 8-month growth, mtDNA in the thymidine-treated culture, but not
      the control, showed multiple deletions, as detected both by Southern blotting and
      by long extension polymerase chain reaction. After 4-h growth in thymidine
      supplemented medium, we found the mitochondrial dTTP and dGTP pools to expand
      significantly, the dCTP pool to drop significantly, and the dATP pool to drop
      slightly. In whole-cell extracts, dTTP and dGTP pools also expanded, but somewhat
      less than in mitochondria. The dCTP pool shrank by about 50%, and the dATP pool
      was essentially unchanged. These results are discussed in terms of the recent
      report by Nishigaki et al. (Nishigaki, Y., Marti, R., Copeland, W. C., and
      Hirano, M. (2003) J. Clin. Invest. 111, 1913-1921) that most mitochondrial point
      mutations in MNGIE patients involve T --> C transitions in sequences containing
      two As to the 5' side of a T residue. Our finding of dTTP and dGTP elevations and
      dATP depletion in mitochondrial dNTP pools are consistent with a mutagenic
      mechanism involving T-G mispairing followed by a next-nucleotide effect involving
      T insertion opposite A.

PMID- 13679383
TI  - HBsAg/HLA-A2 transgenic mice: a model for T cell tolerance to hepatitis B surface
      antigen in chronic hepatitis B virus infection.
AB  - A humanized murine model was developed to study T cell tolerance to the hepatitis
      B surface antigen (HBsAg) that is present in sera of hepatitis B virus chronic
      carriers. The HBsAg/HLA-A2 double-transgenic mice express a chimeric HLA-A2 MHC
      class I molecule and a high amount of the HBsAg in the liver that is secreted and
      present in sera during the animal's lifetime. In these mice, injection of plasmid
      DNA encoding HBsAg induced a high frequency of CD8(+) T cells secreting IFN-gamma
      in the periphery, with in vitro cytolytic activity and specificity for two
      dominant HBs-specific HLA-A2-restricted epitopes. Nevertheless, the DNA-based
      immunization elicited neither T(h)1 nor T(h)2 CD4(+) T cell responses. Despite a
      high concentration of HBsAg in sera, these mice developed an immunocompetent
      CD8(+) T cell repertoire towards the viral self-antigen, whereas the CD4(+) T
      cell repertoire was tolerized. In the absence of a CD4(+) T cell response, the
      IFN-gamma-secreting CD8(+) T cells primed by DNA-based immunization were unable
      to exert their antiviral functions in vivo on liver cells expressing the
      transgene product. However, when pro-inflammatory stimuli were given before or
      after DNA-based immunization, the HBsAg was cleared from the serum. This effect
      was antibody dependent and associated with the detection of an HBs-specific T(h)1
      CD4(+) T cell response in the periphery. This model provides evidence that HBsAg
      displayed a strong tolerogenic effect on the CD4(+) T cell compartment that is
      associated with a defect in CD8(+) T cell effector functions in vivo.

PMID- 13679384
TI  - Transitional and marginal zone B cells have a high proportion of unmasked CD22:
      implications for BCR signaling.
AB  - CD22, a B cell-specific member of the Siglec family, is an important inhibitor of
      B cell signaling. The first Ig-like domain of CD22 specifically binds to alpha2,6
      linked sialic acids. Through these interactions CD22 can mediate adhesion to
      other cells in trans, but can also bind endogenous ligands on the B cell surface
      in cis. Cis binding of CD22 to sialylated ligands enhances the efficiency of
      inhibition and thereby reduces the BCR signaling strength. In this study we used
      a newly developed oligomeric streptavidin-based sialylated probe as an artificial
      CD22 ligand. We found that CD22 is bound to ligands in cis on most B cells.
      However, there is a proportion of B cells with unbound (unmasked) CD22. The
      subpopulation with unmasked CD22 is 2-fold increased in transitional and marginal
      zone B cells in the spleen and on B1 cells in the peritoneum, when compared to
      mature B cells. Also, B cells with unmasked CD22 have an activated phenotype.
      Unmasking of CD22 could be functionally involved in lowering the signaling
      threshold on developmental checkpoints such as transitional B cells and during B
      cell activation or could be a consequence of such activation processes.

PMID- 13679385
TI  - Identification of cooperative monomeric Brachyury sites conferring T-bet
      responsiveness to the proximal IFN-gamma promoter.
AB  - The T-box transcription factor T-bet has been reported to augment the activity of
      IFN-gamma reporter constructs and to be required for CD4(+), but not CD8(+), T
      cell production for IFN-gamma. Despite these observations, the precise sequence
      targets of T-bet within the IFN-gamma locus have not been identified and the
      nature of T-bet's role in selectively augmenting IFN-gamma production in CD4(+) T
      cells has not been elucidated. As an initial step in this process, we examined
      the basis of T-bet-dependent augmentation of IFN-gamma reporter constructs to
      identify specific targets of this factor within the IFN-gamma locus. Deletion of
      previously proposed TDB and TRU elements left T-bet-induced IFN-gamma reporter
      activity unchanged, suggesting the existence of additional T-bet-responsive
      elements. We identified several additional monomeric Brachyury consensus elements
      within the proximal IFN-gamma promoter that operate cooperatively to increase
      both constitutive and stimulated promoter activity. The most proximal of these
      Brachyury elements is most significant quantitatively in mediating T-bet
      dependent promoter augmentation. Mutation of this with any of the other Brachyury
      elements leads to a near eradication of T-bet-dependent promoter activation. The
      identification of these individual monomeric Brachyury-binding sites within the
      IFN-gamma locus should facilitate the in vivo analysis of the function of T-bet
      in the lineage- and background-dependent requirement for T-bet in IFN-gamma gene
      regulation.

PMID- 13679386
TI  - The B subunit of Shiga toxin coupled to full-size antigenic protein elicits
      humoral and cell-mediated immune responses associated with a Th1-dominant
      polarization.
AB  - A number of studies in animal models and humans have shown that both humoral
      andcell-mediated immune responses play an important role in the control of viral
      infection and tumor development. In most cases, vaccination with non-vectorized
      peptides or proteins induces low antibody responses and fails to elicit specific
      cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). In order to make vaccination more efficient, we
      chemically coupled the non-toxic B subunit of Shiga toxin (STxB) to a full-size
      antigenic model protein, ovalbumin (OVA), yielding STxB-OVA. We found that STxB
      OVA delivers OVA-derived peptides into both the MHC class I- and II-restricted
      presentation pathways in mouse dendritic cells. Accordingly, the study of STxB
      trafficking in these cells revealed that, after internalization, a fraction of
      STxB followed the retrograde transport pathway to the endoplasmic reticulum,
      while another fraction was targeted to late endosomes/lysosomes. Vaccination of
      mice with STxB-OVA primed a specific anti-OVA CTL response without the use of
      adjuvants. Splenocytes and, particularly, CD4(+) T cells from mice immunized with
      STxB-OVA also produced higher amounts of the T(h)1 cytokine IFN-gamma and IgG2a
      type antibodies than mice immunized with non-vectorized ovalbumin. In conclusion,
      this study identifies a unique non-live vaccine delivery system for polyepitopic
      antigens that elicits antigen-specific CTL, a humoral immune response and a T(h)1
      type polarization without the use of adjuvant.

PMID- 13679387
TI  - Lack of patent liver autoimmunity after breakage of tolerance in a mouse model.
AB  - We report in this work that a cellular and humoral autoreactive response can be
      induced against liver-specific self-determinants by repeated immunization with a
      chimeric tissue-specific self-antigen carrying a heterologous T(h) epitope.
      Epitope spreading rendering the autoimmune reaction independent of the presence
      of the cognate heterologous help is also demonstrated. Although neutrophil
      infiltrates can be demonstrated in the livers of treated mice, no clinical sign
      of organ damage is observed. These findings suggest that breakage of tolerance by
      this means leads the process only up to the next checkpoint in the progression of
      autoimmune disease and that further events are required to precipitate functional
      organ impairment.

PMID- 13679388
TI  - Immunogenicity of Peptide-25 of Ag85B in Th1 development: role of IFN-gamma.
AB  - Ag85B (also known as alpha antigen or MPT59) is immunogenic, and induces
      expansion and differentiation of TCRVbeta11(+)CD4(+) T cells to IFN-gamma
      producing cells in C57BL/6 (I-A(b)) mice. We reported that Peptide-25 (amino
      acids 240-254) of Ag85B is a major T cell epitope, and its amino acid residues at
      position 244, 247, 249 and 252 are I-A(b) contact residues. Here we examined
      roles of IFN-gamma in the generation of Peptide-25-reactive CD4(+) TCRVbeta11(+)
      T cells and the efficacy of mutant peptides of Peptide-25 for T(h)1 development
      in mice other than C57BL/6 mice. Immunization of C57BL/6 mice with Peptide-25
      included in incomplete Freund's adjuvant led to preferential induction of CD4(+)
      TCRVbeta11(+) IFN-gamma- and tumor necrosis factor-alpha-producing T cells.
      Compared with other I-A(b)-binding peptides such as Peptide-9 of Ag85B, 50V of
      pigeon cytochrome c and ovalbumin (OVA)(265-280) peptide, only Peptide-25 was
      capable of inducing enormous expansion of TCRVbeta11(+) IFN-gamma-producing T
      cells. Treatment of C57BL/6 mice with anti-Vbeta11 antibody before Peptide-25
      immunization reduced the development of CD4(+) IFN-gamma-producing T cells.
      Furthermore, B10.A(3R) mice, I-A(b)-positive and TCRVbeta11(-) strain, showed
      remarkably lower response to Peptide-25 immunization than C57BL/6 mice. Peptide
      25-primed IFN-gamma(-/-) cells showed significantly decreased expansion of CD4(+)
      TCRVbeta11(+) T cells as compared with wild-type cells. Interestingly, Peptide-25
      primed cells from MyD88-deficient mice responded to Peptide-25 and differentiated
      into IFN-gamma-producing cells to a similar extent as wild-type mice, indicating
      Toll-like receptor-independent IFN-gamma production. These results imply that IFN
      gamma plays important roles for the generation and expansion of CD4(+)
      TCRVbeta11(+) T cells in response to Peptide-25. Although Peptide-25 was non
      immunogenic in C3H/HeN mice, a substituted mutant of Peptide-25, 244D247V,
      capable of binding to I-A(k), induced T(h)1 development. These results clearly
      demonstrate important roles of IFN-gamma in the expansion of CD4(+) TCRVbeta11(+)
      T cells, and will provide useful information for delineating the regulatory
      mechanisms of T(h)1-cell development and for analyzing mechanisms on T(h)1
      dominant immune responses.

PMID- 13679389
TI  - Phosphorylation of class II transactivator regulates its interaction ability and
      transactivation function.
AB  - The MHC class II transactivator (CIITA) plays a central role in adaptive immune
      responses by controlling the expression of MHC class II genes. CIITA binds DNA
      binding proteins and co-activator proteins to form an enhanceosome complex
      necessary for MHC class II gene expression. Here we demonstrate that CIITA
      interactions depend upon the phosphorylation status of CIITA. Hyper
      phosphorylated CIITA interacts with co-activator p300, RFX5 and CIITA itself,
      which in turn results in induction of MHC class II promoter activity. Moreover,
      the C-terminal region of CIITA containing leucine-rich repeats (LRR) is a
      regulatory domain for CIITA self-association and LRR binding to CIITA is
      negatively regulated by phosphorylation. cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA)
      phosphorylates CIITA, and serine residues residing in a region between the
      proline/serine/threonine-rich domain and the GTP-binding domain are
      phosphorylated by PKA in vitro. The maximum transactivation potential of CIITA
      requires PKA phosphorylation as demonstrated by reduced transactivation
      activities of the mutant bearing substitutions of serine residues at the PKA
      site.

PMID- 13679390
TI  - Activation of mast cells by incorporation of cholesterol into rafts.
AB  - IgE plus antigen-stimulated mast cells degranulate, synthesize leukotrienes and
      secrete cytokines. According to the coalescence model this process is initiated
      in specific membrane compartments termed rafts. There, enhanced levels of
      glycosphingolipids and cholesterol stabilize the interaction of FcepsilonRI and
      Lyn, and thus facilitate the first steps of signal transduction. Enforced changes
      in raft architecture by cholesterol deprivation and exogenous application of
      glycosphingolipids influence these early events by loss of tyrosine kinase
      activity or receptor-independent signal initiation respectively. Here we show
      that exogenously added cholesterol accumulates in rafts and activates mast cells.
      An investigation of the signaling events reveals that in contrast to IgE plus
      antigen-mediated stimulation, cholesterol triggers p38 mitogen-activated protein
      kinase and preferentially induces expression of FosB. Consequently, a comparative
      large-scale microarray analysis demonstrates that a number of IgE plus antigen
      induced immediate early genes (peak expression at 30 min after induction) are
      repressed by cholesterol. These changes further translate into altered expression
      levels and time kinetics of a number of early genes (peak expression at 2 h after
      stimulation). As the most prominent example for cholesterol-dependent genes, we
      identified PAI1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor 1), a protein regarded as a risk
      factor for atherosclerosis.

PMID- 13679391
TI  - A high endothelial venule-expressing promiscuous chemokine receptor DARC can bind
      inflammatory, but not lymphoid, chemokines and is dispensable for lymphocyte
      homing under physiological conditions.
AB  - Chemokines displayed on the luminal surface of blood vessels play pivotal roles
      in inflammatory and homeostatic leukocyte trafficking in vivo. However, the
      mechanisms underlying the functional regulation of chemokines on the endothelial
      cell surface remain ill-defined. A promiscuous chemokine receptor, the Duffy
      antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC), has been implicated in the regulation of
      chemokine functions. Here we show that DARC is selectively expressed at the mRNA
      and protein levels in the high endothelial venules (HEV) of unstimulated lymph
      nodes (LN). To examine the biological significance of DARC expression in HEV, we
      performed competitive binding experiments with 20 different chemokines. The
      results showed that DARC selectively bound distinct members of the pro
      inflammatory chemokines such as CXCL1, CXCL5, CCL2, CCL5 and CCL7, but not
      lymphoid chemokines such as CCL21, CCL19, CXCL12 and CXCL13 that are normally
      expressed in HEV. CCL2 bound to DARC failed to induce a significant cytosolic
      [Ca(2+)] elevation in CCR2B-expressing cells, whereas the free form of CCL2
      induced a distinct [Ca(2+)] elevation, suggesting that DARC down-regulates
      activities of pro-inflammatory chemokines upon binding. Targeted disruption of
      the gene encoding DARC did not induce any obvious changes in the cell number or
      leukocyte subsets in the peripheral and mesenteric LN. Neither did DARC
      deficiency significantly affect lymphocyte migration into LN. These results
      suggest that DARC may be a scavenger for pro-inflammatory chemokines, but not a
      presenting molecule for lymphoid chemokines at HEV and that it is probably
      functionally dispensable for lymphocyte trafficking to HEV-bearing lymphoid
      tissues under physiological conditions.

PMID- 13679392
TI  - Comparative analysis of linear antibody epitopes on human and mycobacterial 60
      kDa heat shock proteins using samples of healthy blood donors.
AB  - Growing evidence suggests that anti-Hsp60 antibodies might be involved in the
      pathogenesis of different autoimmune diseases. Attempts were reported also on the
      characterization of epitope specificity of anti-Hsp60 antibodies in different
      infectious and autoimmune diseases. However, there is a lack of data on the
      occurrence and epitope specificity of anti-Hsp60 antibodies in the healthy human
      antibody repertoire. Therefore, the aim of our study was to demonstrate the
      presence of anti-Hsp60 antibodies and to investigate the epitope specificity of
      these antibodies using a large set of synthetic 10 mer peptides covering regions
      of Hsp60 with high probability of antigenicity. Here we report the identification
      of several linear epitopes using serum Ig (IVIG) and sera from healthy subjects
      by ELISA assay. We have identified two epitopes 'specific' for human Hsp60 and
      two different epitopes 'specific' for Hsp65. In addition, six epitopes were cross
      reactive in nature, detected on both proteins. The presence of these 'specific'
      epitopes may explain the differences in epitope structure between Hsp60 and Hsp65
      observed earlier in patients with cardiovascular disease. The binding of the IVIG
      preparation to Hsp60 epitopes might indicate that anti-Hsp60 autoantibodies are
      present in the healthy human natural autoantibody repertoire.

PMID- 13679393
TI  - Gene expression analysis of thymocyte selection in vivo.
AB  - Self versus non-self discrimination is a key feature of immunorecognition.
      Through TCR-activated apoptotic mechanisms, autoreactive thymocytes are purged at
      the CD4(+)CD8(+) double-positive (DP) precursor stage prior to maturation to
      CD4(+) or CD8(+) single-positive (SP) thymocytes. To investigate this selection
      process in vivo, gene expression analysis by oligonucleotide array was performed
      in TCR transgenic mice. In total, 244 differentially expressed DP thymocyte genes
      induced or repressed by TCR triggering in vivo were identified. Genes involved in
      the biological processes of apoptosis, DNA recombination, antigen processing and
      adhesion are coordinately engaged. Moreover, analysis of gene expression in
      thymocyte subsets revealed that TCR ligand-induced expression profiles vary
      according to their developmental stage, with 48 genes showing DP preference and
      nine showing SP thymocyte preference. Finally, our data suggest that both the
      extrinsic and the intrinsic apoptosis pathways are operating in thymic selection.

PMID- 13679394
TI  - The MHC class II beta chain cytoplasmic tail overcomes the invariant chain p35
      encoded endoplasmic reticulum retention signal.
AB  - The human-specific p35 isoform of the invariant chain (Ii) includes an R-X-R
      endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention motif that is inactivated upon HLA-DR
      binding. Although the masking is assumed to involve the cytoplasmic tails of
      class II molecules, the mechanism underlying this function remains to be
      investigated. Moreover, in light of the polymorphic nature of the class II
      cytosolic tails, little is known about the capacity of various isotypes or
      alleles to overcome the retention signal of Iip35. To gain further insights into
      these issues, we first addressed the proposed role of the HLA-DR cytoplasmic
      tails. As shown by flow cytometry, the presence of Iip35 in transfected HeLa
      cells prevented surface expression of HLA-DR molecules lacking their cytoplasmic
      tails (DRalphaTM/betaTM). These truncated class II molecules and Iip35
      accumulated in the ER, and co-localized with calnexin, as determined by confocal
      microscopy. Sensitivity of DRalphaTM/betaTM to endoglycosidase H treatment
      confirmed that these molecules do not reach the trans-Golgi network when
      associated with Iip35. Further characterization revealed that the beta chain
      cytosolic tail is critical for efficient ER egress of class II/Iip35 complexes.
      Interestingly, our results clearly demonstrate for the first time that DP and DQ
      isotypes can also overcome the retention motif of Iip35 through a mechanism
      involving their very distinctive polymorphic beta chain cytoplasmic tails.
      Altogether, these results further dissect the masking of di-basic retention
      signals, and emphasize the interplay between class II molecules and Ii for the
      transport of the complex to the endocytic pathway.

PMID- 13679395
TI  - Efficient priming of antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes by human cord blood
      dendritic cells.
AB  - Previous studies have suggested that defective immune responses in early life may
      be related to the immaturity of neonatal antigen-presenting cells. To test this
      hypothesis, we assessed the capacity of neonatal dendritic cells (DC) to prime
      and polarize in vitro human naive antigen-specific T cells. We report that mature
      cord blood DC efficiently prime an oligoclonal population of antigen-specific CD8
      T cells, capable of cytolytic activity and IFN-gamma secretion. In contrast,
      cells primed by immature cord blood DC do not acquire cytolytic activity and
      secrete lower amounts of IFN-gamma. Upon priming by either immature or mature DC,
      neonatal T cells acquire markers of activation and differentiation towards
      effector-memory cells. Our results demonstrate that, if appropriately activated,
      neonatal DC can prime efficient cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses.
      Furthermore, these findings have important implications for the development of
      vaccine strategies in early life and for the reconstitution of a functional CTL
      repertoire after bone marrow transplantation.

PMID- 13679396
TI  - Transmitter metabolism as a mechanism of synaptic plasticity: a modeling study.
AB  - The nervous system adapts to experience by changes in synaptic strength. The
      mechanisms of synaptic plasticity include changes in the probability of
      transmitter release and in postsynaptic responsiveness. Experimental and
      neuropharmacological evidence points toward a third variable in synaptic
      efficacy: changes in presynaptic transmitter concentration. Several groups,
      including our own, have reported changes in the amplitude and frequency of
      postsynaptic (miniature) events indicating that alterations in transmitter
      content cause alterations in vesicular transmitter content and vesicle dynamics.
      It is, however, not a priori clear how transmitter metabolism will affect
      vesicular transmitter content and how this in turn will affect pre- and
      postsynaptic functions. We therefore have constructed a model of the presynaptic
      terminal incorporating vesicular transmitter loading and the presynaptic vesicle
      cycle. We hypothesize that the experimentally observed synaptic plasticity after
      changes in transmitter metabolism puts predictable restrictions on vesicle
      loading, cytoplasmic-vesicular transmitter concentration gradient, and on
      vesicular cycling or release. The results of our model depend on the specific
      mechanism linking presynaptic transmitter concentration to vesicular dynamics,
      that is, alteration of vesicle maturation or alteration of release. It also makes
      a difference whether differentially filled vesicles are detected and
      differentially processed within the terminal or whether vesicle filling acts back
      onto the terminal by presynaptic autoreceptors. Therefore, the model allows one
      to decide, at a given synapse, how transmitter metabolism is linked to
      presynaptic function and efficacy.

PMID- 13679397
TI  - Plasticity in the visual system is correlated with a change in lifestyle of
      solitarious and gregarious locusts.
AB  - We demonstrate pronounced differences in the visual system of a polyphenic locust
      species that can change reversibly between two forms (phases), which vary in
      morphology and behavior. At low population densities, individuals of Schistocerca
      gregaria develop into the solitarious phase, are cryptic, and tend to avoid other
      locusts. At high densities, individuals develop instead into the swarm-forming
      gregarious phase. We analyzed in both phases the responses of an identified
      visual interneuron, the descending contralateral movement detector (DCMD), which
      responds to approaching objects. We demonstrate that habituation of DCMD is
      fivefold stronger in solitarious locusts. In both phases, the mean time of peak
      firing relative to the time to collision nevertheless occurs with a similar
      characteristic delay after an approaching object reaches a particular angular
      extent on the retina. Variation in the time of peak firing is greater in
      solitarious locusts, which have lower firing rates. Threshold angle and delay are
      therefore conserved despite changes in habituation or behavioral phase state. The
      different rates of habituation should contribute to different predator escape
      strategies or flight control for locusts living either in a swarm or as isolated
      individuals. For example, increased variability in the habituated responses of
      solitarious locusts should render their escape behaviors less predictable.
      Relative resistance to habituation in gregarious locusts should permit the
      continued responsiveness required to avoid colliding with other locusts in a
      swarm. These results will permit us to analyze neuronal plasticity in a model
      system with a well-defined and controllable behavioral context.

PMID- 13679398
TI  - Microstimulation of the frontal eye field and its effects on covert spatial
      attention.
AB  - Many studies have established that the strength of visual perception and the
      strength of visual representations within visual cortex vary according to the
      focus of covert spatial attention. While it is clear that attention can modulate
      visual signals, the source of this modulation remains unknown. We have examined
      the possibility that saccade related mechanisms provide a source of spatial
      attention by studying the effects of electrical microstimulation of the frontal
      eye fields (FEF) on spatial attention. Monkeys performed a task in which they had
      to detect luminance changes of a peripheral target while ignoring a flashing
      distracter. The target luminance change could be preceded by stimulation of the
      FEF at current levels below that which evoked saccadic eye movements. We found
      that when the target change was preceded by stimulation of FEF, the monkey could
      detect smaller changes in target luminance. The increased sensitivity to the
      target change only occurred when the target was placed in the part of the visual
      field represented by neurons at the stimulation site. The magnitude of
      improvement depended on the temporal asynchrony of the stimulation onset and the
      target event. No significant effect of stimulation was observed when long
      intervals (>300 ms) between stimulation and the target event were used, and the
      magnitude of the increased sensitivity decreased systematically with increasing
      asynchrony. At the shortest asynchrony, FEF stimulation temporally overlapped the
      target event and the magnitude of the improvement was comparable to that of
      removing the distracter from the task. These results demonstrate that transient,
      but potent improvements in the deployment of covert spatial attention can be
      obtained by microstimulation of FEF sites from which saccadic eye movements are
      also evoked.

PMID- 13679399
TI  - Hyperosmolar solutions selectively block action potentials in rat myelinated
      sensory fibers: implications for diabetic neuropathy.
AB  - Diabetic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus patients. It is
      a wide range of abnormalities affecting proximal and distal peripheral sensory
      and motor nerves. Although plasma hyperosmolality is a common finding in diabetes
      mellitus, the effects of hyperosmolality on conduction of various sensory signal
      components have not been addressed in detail. Here we show that in rat dorsal
      root ganglion (DRG) preparations from normal rats, hyperosmolar solutions (360
      mmol/kg, containing increased glucose, sucrose, NaCl, or mannitol) produce a
      selective block of signal propagation in myelinated sensory A-fibers. In compound
      action potential (CAP) recordings with suction electrodes, peak A-fiber CAP
      amplitude was selectively decreased (20%), while the C-fiber peak remained intact
      or was slightly increased. Hyperosmolar solutions had smaller effects on
      conduction velocity (CV) of both A- and C-fibers (approximately 5% decrease).
      Hyperosmolality-induced CAP changes could not be observed during recordings from
      isolated spinal nerves but were evident during recordings from desheathed spinal
      nerves. In intracellular recordings, hyperosmolar solutions produced a block of
      spinal nerve-evoked action potential invasion into the somata of some A-fiber
      neurons. Removal of extracellular calcium completely prevented the
      hyperosmolality-induced CAP decreases. Based on these data, we propose that the
      decreased CAP amplitudes recorded in human patients and in animal models of
      diabetes are in part due to the effects of hyperosmolality and would depend on
      the extracellular osmolality at the time of sensory testing. We also hypothesize
      that hyperosmolality may contribute to both the sensory abnormalities
      (paresthesias) and the chronic pain symptoms of diabetic neuropathy.

PMID- 13679400
TI  - Neural circuit of tail-elicited siphon withdrawal in Aplysia. II. Role of gated
      inhibition in differential lateralization of sensitization and dishabituation.
AB  - In the preceding report, we observed that tail-shock-induced sensitization of
      tail-elicited siphon withdrawal reflex (TSW) of Aplysia was expressed
      ipsilaterally but that dishabituation induced by an identical tail shock was
      expressed bilaterally. Here we examined the mechanisms of this differential
      lateralization. We first isolated the modulatory pathway responsible for the
      induction of contralateral dishabituation by making selective nerve cuts. We
      found that an intact pleural-abdominal connective, the descending pathway
      connecting the ring ganglia with the abdominal ganglion, ipsilateral to the shock
      was required for contralateral dishabituation. We examined whether network
      inhibition suppresses the contralateral effects of tail shock in nonhabituated
      preparations. We found that blockade of inhibitory transmission in the CNS by the
      nicotinic ACh inhibitor d-tubocurarine (d-TC) rendered tail shock capable of
      inducing bilateral sensitization. We next asked whether serotonin (5-HT), a
      neuromodulator released in the CNS in response to tail shock, was affected by d
      TC. We found that d-TC does not alter 5-HT processes in the ring ganglia: it had
      no effect on the lateralized pattern of tail nerve shock-induced changes in tail
      sensory neuron excitability, a 5-HT-dependent process, and it did not alter tail
      nerve shock-evoked release of 5-HT. By contrast, d-TC enhanced 5-HT release in
      the abdominal ganglion. Consistent with this observation, restricting d-TC to the
      abdominal ganglion rendered tail nerve shock capable of producing bilateral
      sensitization. Together with the results of the preceding paper, our results
      suggest a model in which TSW sensitization and dishabituation can be dissociated
      both anatomically and mechanistically.

PMID- 13679401
TI  - Neural circuit of tail-elicited siphon withdrawal in Aplysia. I. Differential
      lateralization of sensitization and dishabituation.
AB  - The tail-elicited siphon withdrawal reflex (TSW) has been a useful preparation in
      which to study learning and memory in Aplysia. However, comparatively little is
      known about the neural circuitry that translates tail sensory input (via the P9
      nerves to the pleural ganglion) to final reflex output by siphon motor neurons
      (MNs) in the abdominal ganglion. To address this question, we examined the
      functional architecture of the TSW circuit by selectively severing nerves of semi
      intact preparations and recording either tail-evoked responses in the siphon MNs
      or measuring siphon withdrawal responses directly. We found that the neural
      circuit underlying TSW is functionally lateralized. We next tested whether the
      expression of learning in the TSW reflects the underlying circuit architecture
      and shows side-specificity. We tested behavioral and physiological correlates of
      three forms of learning: sensitization, habituation, and dishabituation.
      Consistent with the circuit architecture, we found that sensitization and
      habituation of TSW are expressed in a side-specific manner. Unexpectedly, we
      found that dishabituation was expressed bilaterally, suggesting that a modulatory
      pathway bridges the two (ipsilateral) input pathways of the circuit, but this
      path is only revealed for a specific form of learning, dishabituation. These
      results suggest that the effects of a descending modulatory signal are
      differentially "gated" during sensitization and dishabituation.

PMID- 13679402
TI  - Spatiotemporal tuning of motor cortical neurons for hand position and velocity.
AB  - A pursuit-tracking task (PTT) and multielectrode recordings were used to
      investigate the spatiotemporal encoding of hand position and velocity in primate
      primary motor cortex (MI). Continuous tracking of a randomly moving visual
      stimulus provided a broad sample of velocity and position space, reduced
      statistical dependencies between kinematic variables, and minimized the
      nonstationarities that are found in typical "step-tracking" tasks. These
      statistical features permitted the application of signal-processing and
      information-theoretic tools for the analysis of neural encoding. The
      multielectrode method allowed for the comparison of tuning functions among
      simultaneously recorded cells. During tracking, MI neurons showed heterogeneity
      of position and velocity coding, with markedly different temporal dynamics for
      each. Velocity-tuned neurons were approximately sinusoidally tuned for direction,
      with linear speed scaling; other cells showed sinusoidal tuning for position,
      with linear scaling by distance. Velocity encoding led behavior by about 100 ms
      for most cells, whereas position tuning was more broadly distributed, with leads
      and lags suggestive of both feedforward and feedback coding. Individual cells
      encoded velocity and position weakly, with comparable amounts of information
      about each. Linear regression methods confirmed that random, 2-D hand
      trajectories can be reconstructed from the firing of small ensembles of randomly
      selected neurons (3-19 cells) within the MI arm area. These findings demonstrate
      that MI carries information about evolving hand trajectory during visually guided
      pursuit tracking, including information about arm position both during and after
      its specification. However, the reconstruction methods used here capture only the
      low-frequency components of movement during the PTT. Hand motion signals appear
      to be represented as a distributed code in which diverse information about
      position and velocity is available within small regions of MI.

PMID- 13679403
TI  - Hereditary cerebellar ataxia progressively impairs force adaptation during goal
      directed arm movements.
AB  - We investigated how humans with hereditary cerebellar degeneration
      [spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) type 6 and 8, n = 9] and age- and sex-matched
      healthy controls (n = 9) adapted goal-directed arm movements to an unknown
      external force field. We tested whether learning could be generalized to
      untrained regions in the workspace, an aspect central to the idea of an internal
      model, and if any learning could be retained. After removal of the force field,
      SCA patients showed little or no learning-related aftereffects indicating that
      repeated force-field exposure never led to successful force compensation. In
      contrast, healthy control subjects quickly adapted their movements to the new
      force field. The difference in force adaptation was significant for movements to
      targets that required both the shoulder and elbow joint (P < 0.001). Moreover,
      the generalization of learned movements to targets outside the learned workspace
      was prevented by the cerebellar degeneration (P < 0.01). Retention of force
      adaptation was significantly lower in SCA patients (P = 0.003). The severity of
      ataxia in SCA patients correlated negatively with the extent of learning (r = 
      0.84, P = 0.004). Our findings imply that progressive loss of cerebellar function
      gradually impairs force adaptation. The failure to generalize learning suggests
      that cerebellar degeneration prevents the formation of an internal representation
      of the limb dynamics.

PMID- 13679404
TI  - Functional imaging of the human lateral geniculate nucleus and pulvinar.
AB  - In the human brain, little is known about the functional anatomy and response
      properties of subcortical nuclei containing visual maps such as the lateral
      geniculate nucleus (LGN) and the pulvinar. Using functional magnetic resonance
      imaging (fMRI) at 3 tesla (T), collective responses of neural populations in the
      LGN were measured as a function of stimulus contrast and flicker reversal rate
      and compared with those obtained in visual cortex. Flickering checkerboard
      stimuli presented in alternation to the right and left hemifields reliably
      activated the LGN. The peak of the LGN activation was found to be on average
      within +/-2 mm of the anatomical location of the LGN, as identified on high
      resolution structural images. In all visual areas except the middle temporal
      (MT), fMRI responses increased monotonically with stimulus contrast. In the LGN,
      the dynamic response range of the contrast function was larger and contrast gain
      was lower than in the cortex. Contrast sensitivity was lowest in the LGN and V1
      and increased gradually in extrastriate cortex. In area MT, responses were
      saturated at 4% contrast. Response modulation by changes in flicker rate was
      similar in the LGN and V1 and occurred mainly in the frequency range between 0.5
      and 7.5 Hz; in contrast, in extrastriate areas V4, V3A, and MT, responses were
      modulated mainly in the frequency range between 7.5 and 20 Hz. In the human
      pulvinar, no activations were obtained with the experimental designs used to
      probe response properties of the LGN. However, regions in the mediodorsal right
      and left pulvinar were found to be consistently activated by bilaterally
      presented flickering checkerboard stimuli, when subjects attended to the stimuli.
      Taken together, our results demonstrate that fMRI at 3 T can be used effectively
      to study thalamocortical circuits in the human brain.

PMID- 13679405
TI  - Heartbeat control in leeches. II. Fictive motor pattern.
AB  - The rhythmic beating of the tube-like hearts in the medicinal leech is driven and
      coordinated by rhythmic activity in segmental heart motor neurons. The motor
      neurons are controlled by rhythmic inhibitory input from a network of heart
      interneurons that compose the heartbeat central pattern generator. In the
      preceding paper, we described the constriction pattern of the hearts in quiescent
      intact animals and showed that one heart constricts in a rear-to-front wave
      (peristaltic coordination mode), while the other heart constricts in near unison
      over its length (synchronous coordination mode) and that they regularly switch
      coordination modes. Here we analyze intersegmental and side-to-side-coordination
      of the fictive motor pattern for heartbeat in denervated nerve cords. We show
      that the intersegmental phase relations among heart motor neurons in both
      coordination modes are independent of heartbeat period. This finding enables us
      to combine data from different experiments to form a detailed analysis of the
      relative phases, duty cycle, and intraburst spike frequency of the bursts of the
      segmental heart motor neurons. The fictive motor pattern and the constriction
      pattern seen in intact leeches closely match in their intersegmental and side-to
      side coordination, indicating that sensory feedback is not necessary for properly
      phased intersegmental coordination. Moreover, the regular switches in
      coordination mode of the fictive motor pattern mimic those seen in intact animals
      indicating that these switches likely arise by a central mechanism.

PMID- 13679406
TI  - Heartbeat control in leeches. I. Constriction pattern and neural modulation of
      blood pressure in intact animals.
AB  - Two tubular hearts propel blood through the closed circulatory system of the
      medicinal leech. The hearts are myogenic but are driven by a centrally generated
      motor pattern that controls heart rate and intersegmental coordination. In two
      consecutive papers, we address the question of how the motor pattern is
      translated into the pattern of diastole and systole of leech hearts. We imaged
      the constriction patterns of the hearts in quiescent intact animals. In one
      heart, systole progresses rear-to-front (peristaltic coordination mode), whereas
      systole occurs nearly simultaneously in the other heart (synchronous coordination
      mode) with regular switches between these two coordination modes. Intersegmental
      phase relations between heart segments do not vary with changes in the heartbeat
      period. The peristaltic heart drives blood forward through itself and then
      rearward through the other longitudinal vessels. The synchronous heart does not
      seem to contribute to rearward flow along the body axis and may support segmental
      circulation instead. Simultaneous monitoring of heart motor neuron discharge and
      the constriction of the corresponding heart segment in innervated, reduced
      preparations enabled us later to meld the constriction pattern with the fictive
      motor pattern described in the following paper. Current injections into one heart
      modulatory neuron while monitoring intravascular pressure from the corresponding
      heart showed that these neurons can acutely change diastolic and systolic
      pressure. However, they do not determine the different systolic pressure profiles
      associated with the two coordination modes, which appear to result from the
      constriction pattern.

PMID- 13679407
TI  - Dynamic regulation of sensorimotor integration in human postural control.
AB  - Upright stance in humans is inherently unstable, requiring corrective action
      based on spatial-orientation information from sensory systems. One might
      logically predict that environments providing access to accurate orientation
      information from multiple sensory systems would facilitate postural stability.
      However, we show that, after a period in which access to accurate sensory
      information was reduced, the restoration of accurate information disrupted
      postural stability. In eyes-closed trials, proprioceptive information was altered
      by rotating the support surface in proportion to body sway (support surface "sway
      referencing"). When the support surface returned to a level orientation, most
      subjects developed a transient 1-Hz body sway oscillation that differed
      significantly from the low-amplitude body sway typically observed during quiet
      stance. Additional experiments showed further enhancement of the 1-Hz oscillation
      when the surface transitioned from a sway-referenced to a reverse sway-referenced
      motion. Oscillatory behavior declined with repetition of trials, suggesting a
      learning effect. A simple negative feedback-control model of the postural control
      system predicted the occurrence of this 1-Hz oscillation in conditions where too
      much corrective torque is generated in proportion to body sway. Model simulations
      were used to distinguish between two alternative explanations for the excessive
      corrective torque generation. Simulation results favor an explanation based on
      the dynamic reweighting of sensory contributions to postural control rather than
      a load-compensation mechanism that scales torque in proportion to a fixed
      combination of sensory-orientation information.

PMID- 13679408
TI  - Differential roles of mGluR1 and mGluR5 in brief and prolonged nociceptive
      processing in central amygdala neurons.
AB  - The laterocapsular division of the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) is now
      defined as the "nociceptive amygdala" because of its high content of neurons that
      respond to painful stimuli. The majority of these neurons become sensitized in a
      model of arthritis pain. Here we address the role of G protein-coupled group I
      metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes mGluR1 and mGluR5 in nociceptive
      processing under normal conditions and in pain-related sensitization.
      Extracellular single-unit recordings were made from 65 CeA neurons in
      anesthetized rats. Each neuron's responses to brief mechanical stimuli,
      background activity, receptive field size, and threshold were measured before and
      after induction of the kaolin/carrageenan mono-arthritis in one knee and before
      and during applications of agonists and antagonists into the CeA by
      microdialysis. All neurons received excitatory input from the knee(s) and
      responded most strongly to noxious stimuli. Before arthritis, a group I mGluR1
      and mGluR5 agonist (DHPG, n = 10) potentiated the responses to innocuous and
      noxious stimuli. This effect was mimicked by an mGluR5 agonist (CHPG, n = 15). In
      the arthritis pain state (>6 h after induction), the facilitatory effects of DHPG
      (n = 9), but not CHPG (n = 7), increased. An mGluR1 antagonist (CPCCOEt) had no
      effect before arthritis (n = 12) but inhibited the responses of sensitized
      neurons in the arthritis pain state (n = 8). An mGluR5 antagonist (MPEP)
      inhibited brief nociceptive responses under normal conditions (n = 19) and
      prolonged nociception in arthritis (n = 8). These data suggest a change of mGluR1
      function and activation in the amygdala in pain-related sensitization, whereas
      mGluR5 is involved in brief as well as prolonged nociception.

PMID- 13679409
TI  - Kv1.2-containing K+ channels regulate subthreshold excitability of striatal
      medium spiny neurons.
AB  - A slowly inactivating, low-threshold K(+) current has been implicated in the
      regulation of state transitions and repetitive activity in striatal medium spiny
      neurons. However, the molecular identity of the channels underlying this current
      and their biophysical properties remain to be clearly determined. Because
      previous work had suggested this current arose from Kv1 family channels, high
      affinity toxins for this family were tested for their ability to block whole cell
      K(+) currents activated by depolarization of acutely isolated neurons. alpha
      Dendrotoxin, which blocks channels containing Kv1.1, Kv1.2, or Kv1.6 subunits,
      decreased currents evoked by depolarization. Three other Kv1 family toxins that
      lack a high affinity for Kv1.2 subunits, r-agitoxin-2, dendrotoxin-K, and r
      margatoxin, failed to significantly reduce currents, implicating channels with
      Kv1.2 subunits. RT-PCR results confirmed the expression of Kv1.2 mRNA in
      identified medium spiny neurons. Currents attributable to Kv1.2 channels
      activated rapidly, inactivated slowly, and recovered from inactivation slowly. In
      the subthreshold range (ca. -60 mV), these currents accounted for as much as 50%
      of the depolarization-activated K(+) current. Moreover, their rapid activation
      and relatively slow deactivation suggested that they contribute to spike
      afterpotentials regulating repetitive discharge. This inference was confirmed in
      current-clamp recordings from medium spiny neurons in the slice preparation where
      Kv1.2 blockade reduced first-spike latency and increased discharge frequency
      evoked from hyperpolarized membrane potentials resembling the "down-state" found
      in vivo. These studies establish a clear functional role for somato-dendritic
      Kv1.2 channels in the regulation of state transitions and repetitive discharge in
      striatal medium spiny neurons.

PMID- 13679410
TI  - In vitro study of odor-evoked behavior in a terrestrial mollusk.
AB  - To explore neural mechanisms how olfactory information is processed in the brain
      and finally converted into behavior, it would be useful to have isolated whole
      brains that include both olfactory organs and motor output. In the present study,
      we identified an in vitro index of odor-evoked behavior in the terrestrial
      mollusk Limax and also studied the modulation of this in vitro index of the
      behavior. We determined that shortening of the mantle muscles is one of the
      withdrawal responses selectively induced by aversive odors and that the
      shortening is mediated by a pair of parietal nerves. We also identified a
      motoneuron (named the posterior visceral neuron, p-VN) that projects to the
      parietal nerve and innervates the mantle muscles. When we applied various odors
      to the nose in these isolated molluscan brains, only aversive odors induced
      discharges in the p-VN. These results indicate that p-VN discharges can serve as
      an in vitro index of odor-induced aversive behavior. We also identified a novel
      serotonergic neuron (named the posterior cerebral serotonergic cell, p-CSC).
      Discharges in the p-CSC released serotonin to the tentacle ganglion (TG);
      serotonin in the TG then inhibited odor-induced discharges in the p-VN, the in
      vitro index of aversive behavior. These results suggest that the serotonergic
      system is involved in the regulation of approach and avoidance behavior in Limax.

PMID- 13679411
TI  - A modeling study suggests complementary roles for GABAA and NMDA receptors and
      the SK channel in regulating the firing pattern in midbrain dopamine neurons.
AB  - Midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons in vivo exhibit two major firing patterns:
      single-spike firing and burst firing. The firing pattern expressed is dependent
      on both the intrinsic properties of the neurons and their excitatory and
      inhibitory synaptic inputs. Experimental data suggest that the activation of N
      methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and GABAA receptors is a crucial contributor to the
      initiation and suppression of burst firing, respectively, and that blocking
      Ca(2+)-activated potassium SK channels can facilitate burst firing. A multi
      compartmental model of a DA neuron with a branching structure was developed and
      calibrated based on in vitro experimental data to explore the effects of
      different levels of activation of NMDA and GABAA receptors as well as the
      modulation of the SK current on the firing activity. The simulated tonic
      activation of GABAA receptors was calibrated by taking into account the
      difference in the electrotonic properties in vivo versus in vitro. Although NMDA
      evoked currents are required for burst generation in the model, currents evoked
      by GABAA-receptor activation can also regulate the firing pattern. For example,
      the model predicts that increasing the level of NMDA receptor activation can
      produce excessive depolarization that prevents burst firing, but a concurrent
      increase in the activation of GABAA receptors can restore burst firing. Another
      prediction of the model is that blocking the SK channel current in vivo will
      facilitate bursting, but not as robustly as blocking the GABAA receptors.

PMID- 13679412
TI  - Alpha-conotoxin PIA is selective for alpha6 subunit-containing nicotinic
      acetylcholine receptors.
AB  - Until now, there have been no antagonists to discriminate between heteromeric
      nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) containing the very closely related
      alpha6 and alpha3 subunits. nAChRs containing alpha3, alpha4, or alpha6 subunits
      in combination with beta2, occasionally beta4, and sometimes beta3 or alpha5
      subunits, are thought to play important roles in cognitive function, pain
      perception, and the reinforcing properties of nicotine. We cloned a novel gene
      from the predatory marine snail Conus purpurascens. The predicted peptide, alpha
      conotoxin PIA, potently blocks the chimeric alpha6/alpha3beta2beta3 subunit
      combination as expressed in oocytes but neither the muscle nor the major neuronal
      nAChR alpha4beta2. Additionally, this toxin is the first described ligand to
      discriminate between nAChRs containing alpha6 and alpha3 subunits. Exploiting the
      unusual intron conservation of conotoxin genes may represent a more general
      approach for defining conotoxin ligand scaffolds to discriminate among closely
      related receptor populations.

PMID- 13679413
TI  - Age-dependent cerebrovascular abnormalities and blood flow disturbances in APP23
      mice modeling Alzheimer's disease.
AB  - Neuropathological changes associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) such as
      amyloidplaques, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, and related pathologies are
      reproduced in APP23 transgenic mice overexpressing amyloid precursor protein
      (APP) with the Swedish mutation. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) was applied
      to probe, in vivo, the cerebral arterial hemodynamics of these mice. Flow voids
      were detected at the internal carotid artery of 11-month-old APP23 mice. At the
      age of 20 months, additional flow disturbances were observed in large arteries at
      the circle of Willis. Vascular corrosion casts obtained from the same mice
      revealed that vessel elimination, deformation, or both had taken place at the
      sites where flow voids were detected by MRA. The detailed three-dimensional
      architecture of the vasculature visible in the casts assisted the identification
      of smaller vessels most likely formed as substitution or anastomosis within the
      circle of Willis. Angiograms and corrosion casts from nontransgenic, age-matched
      mice manifested no major abnormalities in the cerebrovascular arterial flow
      pattern. Because no transgene overexpression has been found in the
      cerebrovasculature of APP23 mice and no deposits of amyloid-beta (Abeta) were
      observed in large arteries in the region of the circle of Willis, the present
      results suggest that soluble Abeta may exert deleterious effects on the
      vasculature. Our findings support the idea that cerebral circulatory
      abnormalities evolving progressively could contribute to AD pathogenesis. The
      study also shows the power of MRA to identify changes of vascular function in
      genetically engineered mice. MRA as a noninvasive technique could be applied to
      test new therapeutic concepts in animal models of AD and in humans.

PMID- 13679414
TI  - Functional-anatomic correlates of sustained and transient processing components
      engaged during controlled retrieval.
AB  - Controlled processing is central to episodic memory retrieval. In the present
      study, neural correlates of sustained, as well as transient, processing
      components were explored during controlled retrieval using a mixed blocked event
      related functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm. Results from 29
      participants suggest that certain regions in prefrontal cortex, including
      anterior left inferior prefrontal cortex near Brodmann's Area (BA) 45/47 and more
      posterior and dorsal left prefrontal cortex near BA 44, increase activity on a
      trial-by-trial basis when high levels of control are required during retrieval.
      Providing direct evidence for control processes that participate on an ongoing
      basis, right frontal-polar cortex was strongly associated with a sustained
      temporal profile during high control retrieval conditions, as were several
      additional posterior regions, including those within left parietal cortex. These
      results provide evidence for functional dissociation within prefrontal cortex.
      Frontal-polar regions near BA 10 associate with temporally extended control
      processes that may underlie an attentional set, or retrieval mode, during
      controlled retrieval, whereas more posterior prefrontal regions associate with
      individual retrieval attempts. In particular, right frontal-polar cortex
      involvement in sustained processes reconciles a number of disparate findings that
      have arisen when contrasting blocked-trial paradigms with event-related
      paradigms.

PMID- 13679415
TI  - Reduced inhibition and increased output of layer II neurons in the medial
      entorhinal cortex in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
AB  - Temporal lobe epilepsy is the most common type of epilepsy in adults, and its
      underlying mechanisms are unclear. To investigate how the medial entorhinal
      cortex might contribute to temporal lobe epilepsy, we evaluated the histology and
      electrophysiology of slices from rats 3-7 d after an epileptogenic injury
      (pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus). Nissl staining, NeuN
      immunocytochemistry, and in situ hybridization for GAD65 mRNA were used to verify
      the preferential loss of glutamatergic neurons and the relative sparing of
      GABAergic interneurons in layer III. From slices adjacent to those that were used
      for anatomy, we obtained whole-cell patch recordings from layer II medial
      entorhinal cortical neurons. Recordings under current-clamp conditions revealed
      similar intrinsic electrophysiological properties (resting membrane potential,
      input resistance, single spike, and repetitive firing properties) to those of
      controls. Spontaneous IPSCs were less frequent (68% of controls), smaller in
      amplitude (57%), and transferred less charge (51%) than in controls. However, the
      frequency, amplitude, and rise time of miniature IPSCs were normal. These
      findings suggest that after epileptogenic injuries the layer II entorhinal
      cortical neurons receive less GABA(A) receptor-mediated synaptic input because
      presynaptic inhibitory interneurons become less active. To investigate the
      possible consequences of reduced spontaneous inhibitory input to layer II
      neurons, we recorded field potentials in the dentate gyrus, their major synaptic
      target. At 5 d after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus the spontaneous field
      potentials recorded in vivo were over three times more frequent than in controls.
      These findings suggest that an epileptogenic injury reduces inhibition of layer
      II neurons and results in excessive synaptic input to the dentate gyrus.

PMID- 13679416
TI  - Mitogen-activated protein kinase regulates dopamine transporter surface
      expression and dopamine transport capacity.
AB  - The dopamine transporter (DAT) regulates the clearance of dopamine (DA) released
      into the extracellular space and is an important site on which psychostimulants
      act to produce their effects. Here, we show that mitogen-activated protein kinase
      (MAPK) regulates the transport capacity and intracellular trafficking of DAT.
      Incubation of striatal synaptosomes or epitope-tagged human DAT (hDAT) human
      embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells with the MAPK kinase (MEK) inhibitors 1,4
      diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis(o-aminophenylmercapto) butadiene and 2-(2-amino-3
      methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one decreased DA uptake in a concentration- and
      time-dependent manner. Kinetic studies revealed a decrease in the capacity of
      transport (Vmax) but no change in Km. Immunoblotting confirmed labeling of p42
      and p44 MAPK in untreated striatal synaptosomes and HEK 293 cells, consistent
      with constitutive MAPK activation, and the inhibitors used decreased MAPK
      phosphorylation. Biotinylation and confocal imaging studies showed that MAPK
      inhibition promoted the clathrin-associated redistribution of hDAT from the
      plasma membrane to the cytosol. In contrast, transient transfection of hDAT
      expressing cells with constitutively active MEK increased the Vmax of DA
      transport without altering Km. However, only a small increase in hDAT cell
      surface expression was seen. These data demonstrate an involvement of the MAPK
      cascade in regulating DAT transport capacity in striatum and that inhibition of
      this cascade decreases DAT cell surface expression in HEK 293 cells. Furthermore,
      they highlight the potential role of MAPK as a presynaptic mechanism that
      regulates DA signaling.

PMID- 13679417
TI  - Responses of tonically active neurons in the monkey striatum discriminate between
      motivationally opposing stimuli.
AB  - The striatum is involved in the control of appetitively motivated behavior. We
      found previously that tonically active neurons (TANs) in the monkey striatum show
      discriminative responses to different stimuli that are appetitive or aversive.
      However, these differential responses may reflect the sensory qualities of the
      stimulus rather than its motivational value. In the present study, we sought to
      define more precisely the relationship between the particular aspect of the
      response of TANs and the motivational value of stimuli. For this purpose, three
      monkeys were presented with two types of aversive stimuli (loud sound and air
      puff) and one appetitive stimulus (fruit juice). In most instances, the TAN
      responses to the loud sound and the air puff were similar, in terms of response
      pattern and duration, whereas responses to the liquid reward showed distinct
      features. Using classical appetitive conditioning, we reversed the motivational
      value of a stimulus so that a previously aversive stimulus was now associatively
      paired with a reward and found that this manipulation selectively modifies the
      expression of TAN responses to the stimulus. These data indicate that the
      characteristics of neuronal responses undergo modifications when the valence of
      the stimulus is changed from aversive to appetitive during associative learning,
      suggesting that TANs may contribute to a form of stimulus encoding that is
      dependent on motivational attributes. The adaptation of TAN responses such as
      observed in the present study likewise reflects a neuronal system that adjusts to
      the motivational information about environmental events.

PMID- 13679418
TI  - Presynaptic remodeling contributes to activity-dependent synaptogenesis.
AB  - Induction of long-term potentiation and application of short periods of
      anoxia/hypoglycemia result in the growth of dendritic filopodia and formation of
      new spines. Here we investigated whether these conditions also affected the
      morphology of presynaptic structures. Using confocal imaging of DiI-labeled
      axons, electron microscopy, and stereological analyses, we show that short
      anoxia/hypoglycemia and theta burst stimulation induced rapid, calcium-dependent
      growth of presynaptic filopodia-like protrusions and remodeling of presynaptic
      varicosities. Three-dimensional reconstruction of axonal outgrowths revealed
      that, within 30 min, they made contacts and triggered the formation of a
      postsynaptic density on the target cell. Interestingly, these axonal filopodia
      first established synapses with the dendritic shaft and later mostly with spines.
      They also contributed to the formation of multi-innervated spines. Because these
      presynaptic growth mechanisms depended on NMDA receptor activation, we
      investigated whether a diffusing messenger could be involved. We found that
      blockade of nitric oxide synthase prevented these changes, and conversely, a
      nitric oxide donor could reproduce them. A model is presented that proposes that
      activation of NMDA receptors and subsequent release of nitric oxide could trigger
      the growth of presynaptic filopodia, which, in turn, play an active role in
      synaptogenesis and spine formation.

PMID- 13679419
TI  - Distinct roles of D1 and D5 dopamine receptors in motor activity and striatal
      synaptic plasticity.
AB  - Stimulation of dopamine (DA) receptors in the striatum is essential for voluntary
      motor activity and for the generation of plasticity at corticostriatal synapses.
      In the present study, mice lacking DA D1 receptors have been used to investigate
      the involvement of the D1-like class (D1 and D5) of DA receptors in locomotion
      and corticostriatal long-term depression (LTD) and long-term potentiation (LTP).
      Our results suggest that D1 and D5 receptors exert distinct actions on both
      activity-dependent synaptic plasticity and spontaneous motor activity.
      Accordingly, the ablation of D1 receptors disrupted corticostriatal LTP, whereas
      pharmacological blockade of D5 receptors prevented LTD. On the other side,
      genetic ablation of D1 receptors increased locomotor activity, whereas the D1/D5
      receptor antagonist SCH 23390 decreased motor activity in both control mice and
      mice lacking D1 receptors. Endogenous DA stimulated D1 and D5 receptors in
      distinct subtypes of striatal neurons to induce, respectively, LTP and LTD. In
      control mice, in fact, LTP was blocked by inhibiting the D1-protein kinase A
      pathway in the recorded spiny neuron, whereas the striatal nitric oxide-producing
      interneuron was presumably the neuronal subtype stimulated by D5 receptors during
      the induction phase of LTD. Understanding the role of DA receptors in striatal
      function is essential to gain insights into the neural bases of critical brain
      functions and of dramatic pathological conditions such as Parkinson's disease,
      schizophrenia, and drug addiction.

PMID- 13679420
TI  - Analysis of neurons created from wild-type and Alzheimer's mutation knock-in
      embryonic stem cells by a highly efficient differentiation protocol.
AB  - It is impossible to obtain and amplify live neurons from Alzheimer's disease (AD)
      patients. To establish the neurons harboring AD abnormality, we constructed mouse
      embryonic stem (ES) cells, in which the AD-causative V642I mutation was
      introduced to the endogenous amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene, in combination
      with a protocol to efficiently differentiate ES cells into postmitotic neurons
      without using a cell sorter. By this protocol, ES cells differentiated into >90%
      of the central type of adult postmitotic neurons. Neurons derived from V642I-APP
      knock-in ES cells were indistinguishable from wild-type ES-derived neurons, as
      determined by the expression of various markers for neuronal differentiation.
      Notably, V642I-APP knock-in ES cell-derived neurons exhibited significantly
      increased secretion of Abeta42 without AD-related hyperphosphorylation of tau,
      indicating that the direct output of the AD-causative mutation is increased
      Abeta42 secretion. In this study, we analyze created neurons with wild-type and
      AD genotypes and propose a new strategy for generating neurons for any dominantly
      inherited neurodegenerative diseases. The strategy can be applied to create human
      neurons with AD or any other neurodegenerative disease by using human ES cells.

PMID- 13679421
TI  - Fas/tumor necrosis factor receptor death signaling is required for axotomy
      induced death of motoneurons in vivo.
AB  - Activation of the Fas death receptor leads to the death of motoneurons in
      culture. To investigate the role of Fas in programmed cell death and pathological
      situations, we used several mutant mice deficient for Fas signaling and made a
      novel transgenic FADD-DN (FAS-associated death domain-dominant-negative) strain.
      In vitro, motoneurons from all of these mice were found to be resistant to Fas
      activation and to show a delay in trophic deprivation-induced death. During
      normal development in vivo, no changes in motoneuron survival were observed.
      However, the number of surviving motoneurons was twofold higher in animals
      deficient for Fas signaling after facial nerve transection in neonatal mice.
      These results reveal a novel role for Fas as a trigger of axotomy-induced death
      and suggest that the Fas pathway may be activated in pathological degeneration of
      motoneurons.

PMID- 13679422
TI  - Amyloid-beta immunization effectively reduces amyloid deposition in FcRgamma-/-
      knock-out mice.
AB  - Direct immunization with amyloid beta protein (Abeta) and passive transfer of
      anti-Abeta antibodies reduce Abeta accumulation and attenuate cognitive deficits
      in transgenic models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The reduction in Abeta
      deposition has been proposed to involve microglial phagocytosis of Abeta immune
      complexes via Fc receptors (FcRs). We have examined the efficacy of Abeta
      immunization in amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic mice crossed into FcR
      gamma chain knock-out mice (FcRgamma-/-). As might be expected from previous
      studies on macrophages, phagocytosis of Abeta immune complexes via FcR was
      completely impaired in microglia cells isolated from FcRgamma-/- mice. Thus, we
      immunized APP Tg2576 transgenic mice that were crossed in the FcRgamma-/-
      background with Abeta1-42 and then analyzed the effect on Abeta accumulation. In
      APP Tg2576 transgenic mice crossed to FcRgamma-/-, Abeta1-42 immunization
      significantly attenuated Abeta deposition, as assessed by both biochemical and
      immunohistological methods. The reduction in Abeta accumulation was equivalent to
      the reduction in deposition seen in Abeta1-42 immunized, age-matched, FcR
      sufficient Tg2576 mice. We conclude that after Abeta immunization, the effects of
      anti-Abeta antibodies on Abeta deposition in APP Tg2576 transgenic mice are not
      dependent on FcR-mediated phagocytic events.

PMID- 13679423
TI  - Identification of individual neurons reflecting short- and long-term visual
      memory in an arthropodo.
AB  - Ideally, learning-related changes should be investigated while they occur in
      vivo, but physical accessibility and stability limit intracellular studies.
      Experiments with insects and crabs demonstrate their remarkable capacity to learn
      and memorize visual features. However, the location and physiology of individual
      neurons underlying these processes is unknown. A recently developed crab
      preparation allows stable intracellular recordings from the optic ganglia to be
      performed in the intact animal during learning. In the crab Chasmagnathus, a
      visual danger stimulus (VDS) elicits animal escape, which declines after a few
      stimulus presentations. The long-lasting retention of this decrement is mediated
      by an association between contextual cues of the training site and the VDS,
      therefore, called context-signal memory (CSM). CSM is achieved only by spaced
      training. Massed training, on the contrary, produces a decline of the escape
      response that is short lasting and, because it is context independent, is called
      signal memory (SM). Here, we show that movement detector neurons (MDNs) from the
      lobula (third optic ganglion) of the crab modify their response to the VDS during
      visual learning. These modifications strikingly correlate with the rate of
      acquisition and with the duration of retention of both CSM and SM. Long-term CSM
      is detectable from the response of the neuron 1 d after training. In contrast to
      MDNs, identified neurons from the medulla (second optic ganglion) show no
      changes. Our results indicate that visual memory in the crab, and possibly other
      arthropods, including insects, is accounted for by functional changes occurring
      in neurons originating in the optic lobes.

PMID- 13679424
TI  - Efficacy of retinal spikes in driving cortical responses.
AB  - How does a single retinal ganglion cell (RGC) affect the firing of simple cells
      in the visual cortex? Although much is known of the functional connections
      between the retina and the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and between LGN and
      visual cortex, it is hard to infer the effect of disynaptic connections from
      retina to visual cortex. Most importantly, there is considerable divergence from
      retina to LGN, so cortical neurons might be influenced by ganglion cells through
      multiple feedforward pathways. We recorded simultaneously from ganglion cells in
      the retina and cortical simple cells in the striate cortex with overlapping
      receptive fields and evaluated disynaptic connections with cross-correlation
      analysis. In all disynaptically connected pairs, the retinal receptive field
      center and overlapping cortical subregion always shared the same sign (either
      both ON or both OFF). Connected pairs were similar in other respects, such as
      relative position and timing of their receptive fields, and thus obeyed the same
      rules of connectivity found previously for retinothalamic and thalamocortical
      connections. We found that a single RGC directly contributed on average to
      approximately 3% of the activity of its cortical target. The relative timing of
      pairs of spikes from the retinal cell affected their efficacy in driving the
      cortical cell. When two retinal spikes were closely spaced (<10 msec), the second
      spike was several times more likely to drive the cortical target. The relative
      magnitude of this disynaptic paired spike enhancement was considerably larger
      than has been found previously for retinogeniculate and geniculocortical
      connections. The amplified paired spike enhancement from retina to cortex ensures
      that signal transmission from retina to cortex is particularly effective when the
      retina fires a series of closely spaced action potentials.

PMID- 13679425
TI  - Supralinear Ca2+ influx into dendritic tufts of layer 2/3 neocortical pyramidal
      neurons in vitro and in vivo.
AB  - Pyramidal neurons in layer 2/3 of the neocortex are central to cortical
      circuitry, but the intrinsic properties of their dendrites are poorly understood.
      Here we study layer 2/3 apical dendrites in parallel experiments in acute brain
      slices and in anesthetized rats using whole-cell recordings and Ca2+ imaging. We
      find that backpropagation of action potentials into the dendritic arbor is
      actively supported by Na+ channels both in vitro and in vivo. Single action
      potentials evoke substantial Ca2+ influx in the apical trunk but little or none
      in the dendritic tuft. Supralinear Ca2+ influx is produced in the tuft, however,
      when an action potential is paired with synaptic input. This dendritic
      supralinearity enables layer 2/3 neurons to integrate ascending sensory input
      from layer 4 and associative input to layer 1.

PMID- 13679426
TI  - Functional coupling between sulfonylurea receptor type 1 and a nonselective
      cation channel in reactive astrocytes from adult rat brain.
AB  - We previously identified a novel, nonselective cation channel in native reactive
      (type R1) astrocytes (NR1As) from injured rat brain that is regulated by
      cytoplasmic Ca2+ and ATP (NC(Ca-ATP)) and exhibits sensitivity to block by
      adenine nucleotides similar to that of sulfonylurea receptor type 1 (SUR1). Here
      we show that SUR1 is involved in regulation of this channel. NR1As within the
      site of injury and after isolation exhibited specific binding of FITC-tagged
      glibenclamide and were immunolabeled with anti-SUR1 antibody, but not with anti
      SUR2, anti-Kir6.1 or anti-Kir6.2 antibodies, indicating absence of ATP-sensitive
      K+ (KATP) channels. RT-PCR confirmed transcription of mRNA for SUR1 but not SUR2.
      Several properties previously associated exclusively with SUR1-regulated KATP
      channels were observed in patch-clamp experiments using Cs+ as the charge
      carrier: (1) the sulfonylureas, glibenclamide and tolbutamide, inhibited NCCa-ATP
      channels with EC50 values of 48 nm and 16.1 microm, respectively; (2) inhibition
      by sulfonylureas was lost after exposure of the intracellular face to trypsin or
      anti-SUR1 antibody; (3) channel inhibition was caused by a change in kinetics of
      channel closing, with no change in channel amplitude or open-channel dwell times;
      and (4) the SUR activator ("KATP channel opener"), diazoxide, activated the NCCa
      ATP channel, whereas pinacidil and cromakalin did not. Also, glibenclamide
      prevented cell blebbing after ATP depletion, whereas blebbing was produced by
      exposure to diazoxide. Our data indicate that SUR1 is functionally coupled to the
      pore-forming portion of the NC(Ca-ATP) channel, providing the first demonstration
      of promiscuity of SUR1 outside of the K+ inward rectifier family of channels.

PMID- 13679427
TI  - Metabolic regulation of fertility through presynaptic and postsynaptic signaling
      to gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons.
AB  - Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons form the final common pathway for
      the central regulation of reproduction and are inhibited by negative energy
      balance. In normal adults, these neurons maintain elevated intracellular chloride
      so that GABA(A) receptor activation is excitatory. We hypothesized that fasting
      alters homeostatic mechanisms to eliminate excitatory responses to GABA but
      rejected this hypothesis when brief, local GABA application elicited action
      currents in GnRH neurons from fed and fasted mice. This response was specific to
      GABA(A) receptors, because glycine elicited no response. We next found that
      fasting reduced the frequency of spontaneous GABAergic postsynaptic currents
      (PSCs) and that this was reversed by in vivo treatment with leptin during the
      fast. In the presence of tetrodotoxin to minimize presynaptic actions, leptin
      also potentiated the postsynaptic response of these cells to GABA(A) receptor
      activation. Postsynaptic effects of leptin on GABAergic miniature PSCs were
      eliminated by inhibiting JAK2/3 (Janus kinase), the tyrosine kinase through which
      leptin receptors signal. In all experiments, elimination of PSCs at ECl or by
      treatment with the GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline confirmed that PSCs were
      specifically mediated by GABA(A) receptor chloride channels. These data
      demonstrate that fasting and leptin act presynaptically and postsynaptically to
      alter GABAergic drive to GnRH neurons, providing evidence for GABAergic
      communication of metabolic cues to GnRH neurons, and suggest the possibility for
      functional leptin receptors on GnRH neurons. They further demonstrate cytokine
      modulation of the postsynaptic response to GABA in mammals, which may be
      important to central neural regulation in both healthy and diseased states.

PMID- 13679428
TI  - Reciprocal inhibition of p53 and nuclear factor-kappaB transcriptional activities
      determines cell survival or death in neurons.
AB  - The tumor suppressor and transcription factor p53 is a key modulator of cellular
      stress responses, and activation of p53 precedes apoptosis in many cell types.
      Controversial reports exist on the role of the transcription factor nuclear
      factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) in p53-mediated apoptosis, depending on the cell type
      and experimental conditions. Therefore, we sought to elucidate the role of NF
      kappaB in p53-mediated neuron death. In cultured neurons DNA damaging compounds
      induced activation of p53, whereas NF-kappaB activity declined significantly. The
      p53 inhibitor pifithrin-alpha (PFT) preserved NF-kappaB activity and protected
      neurons against apoptosis. Immunoprecipitation experiments revealed enhanced p53
      binding to the transcriptional cofactor p300 after induction of DNA damage,
      whereas binding of p300 to NF-kappaB was reduced. In contrast, PFT blocked the
      interaction of p53 with the cofactor, whereas NF-kappaB binding to p300 was
      enhanced. Most interestingly, similar results were observed after oxygen glucose
      deprivation in cultured neurons and in ischemic brain tissue. Ischemia-induced
      repression of NF-kappaB activity was prevented and brain damage was reduced by
      the p53 inhibitor PFT in a dose-dependent manner. It is concluded that a balanced
      competitive interaction of p53 and NF-kappaB with the transcriptional cofactor
      p300 exists in neurons. Exposure of neurons to lethal stress activates p53 and
      disrupts NF-kappaB binding to p300, thereby blocking NF-kappaB-mediated survival
      signaling. Inhibitors of p53 provide pronounced neuroprotective effects because
      they block p53-mediated induction of cell death and concomitantly enhance NF
      kappaB-induced survival signaling.

PMID- 13679429
TI  - A peptide inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase protects against both
      aminoglycoside and acoustic trauma-induced auditory hair cell death and hearing
      loss.
AB  - Hearing loss can be caused by a variety of insults, including acoustic trauma and
      exposure to ototoxins, that principally effect the viability of sensory hair
      cells via the MAP kinase (MAPK) cell death signaling pathway that incorporates c
      Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). We evaluated the otoprotective efficacy of D-JNKI-1,
      a cell permeable peptide that blocks the MAPK-JNK signal pathway. The
      experimental studies included organ cultures of neonatal mouse cochlea exposed to
      an ototoxic drug and cochleae of adult guinea pigs that were exposed to either an
      ototoxic drug or acoustic trauma. Results obtained from the organ of Corti
      explants demonstrated that the MAPK-JNK signal pathway is associated with injury
      and that blocking of this signal pathway prevented apoptosis in areas of
      aminoglycoside damage. Treatment of the neomycin-exposed organ of Corti explants
      with D-JNKI-1 completely prevented hair cell death initiated by this ototoxin.
      Results from in vivo studies showed that direct application of D-JNKI-1 into the
      scala tympani of the guinea pig cochlea prevented nearly all hair cell death and
      permanent hearing loss induced by neomycin ototoxicity. Local delivery of D-JNKI
      1 also prevented acoustic trauma-induced permanent hearing loss in a dose
      dependent manner. These results indicate that the MAPK-JNK signal pathway is
      involved in both ototoxicity and acoustic trauma-induced hair cell loss and
      permanent hearing loss. Blocking this signal pathway with D-JNKI-1 is of
      potential therapeutic value for long-term protection of both the morphological
      integrity and physiological function of the organ of Corti during times of
      oxidative stress.

PMID- 13679430
TI  - Sedation and anesthesia mediated by distinct GABA(A) receptor isoforms.
AB  - The specific mechanisms underlying general anesthesia are primarily unknown. The
      intravenous general anesthetic etomidate acts by potentiating GABA(A) receptors,
      with selectivity for beta2 and beta3 subunit-containing receptors determined by a
      single asparagine residue. We generated a genetically modified mouse containing
      an etomidate-insensitive beta2 subunit (beta2 N265S) to determine the role of
      beta2 and beta3 subunits in etomidate-induced anesthesia. Loss of pedal
      withdrawal reflex and burst suppression in the electroencephalogram were still
      observed in the mutant mouse, indicating that loss of consciousness can be
      mediated purely through beta3-containing receptors. The sedation produced by
      subanesthetic doses of etomidate and during recovery from anesthesia was present
      only in wild-type mice, indicating that the beta2 subunit mediates the sedative
      properties of anesthetics. These findings show that anesthesia and sedation are
      mediated by distinct GABA(A) receptor subtypes.

PMID- 13679431
TI  - Response of mitochondrial traffic to axon determination and differential branch
      growth.
AB  - Mitochondria are concentrated in regions of the neuron where the demand for
      mitochondrial function is high, such as nodes of Ranvier, synapses, and active
      growth cones. Does mitochondrial transport respond to changes in neuronal energy
      consumption and architecture, or does it precede and perhaps predict them? We
      have used axon determination, elongation, and alternating branch growth in
      hippocampal neurons to analyze the cellular cues that control mitochondrial
      traffic. During the stage 2-3 transition, when one minor process becomes the axon
      and accelerates its growth, mitochondria do not uniformly cluster at the base of
      the prospective axon. There is increased entry of mitochondria into the nascent
      axon, but this does not require accumulation near the axon. After axonal
      elongation is under way, the mitochondrial density of the minor processes
      decreases. Axonal towing experiments showed that elongation alone does not result
      in transport of mitochondria into the axon; thus, cytoplasmic flow cannot explain
      the entry of mitochondria into growing axons. Analysis of mitochondrial transport
      during alternating growth of axonal branches showed that mitochondrial traffic
      responds to changes in growth through regulation of entry into, but not exit
      from, branches. Branch-towing experiments showed that this response is not caused
      by axonal elongation alone, nor does it require an active growth cone. We propose
      that mitochondrial traffic in axons responds to changes in axonal outgrowth, and
      that the mechanism by which sorting at branch points occurs is different from the
      mechanism responsible for concentrating mitochondria at the growth cone.

PMID- 13679433
TI  - Identification of CARS-ALK fusion in primary and metastatic lesions of an
      inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor.
AB  - Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare childhood neoplasm. The
      natural history of this disease is poorly understood. Recently chromosomal
      rearrangements involving the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene have been
      implicated in this tumor. We have studied a case of ALK-positive soft tissue IMT
      showing clinical and morphologic features of malignancy. Interphase fluorescence
      in situ hybridization demonstrated ALK rearrangements in both primary and
      metastatic lesions. Rapid amplification of cDNA ends (5'RACE) identified
      cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase (CARS) gene fused to ALK, which predicts an in-frame
      chimeric protein with the preserved functional catalytic domain of ALK at the C
      terminus. Amplification and sequencing of tumor DNA confirmed the breakpoint at
      the genomic level. Restriction analysis of DNA from primary soft tissue and
      recurrent lung tumors showed identical patterns, indicating the same clonal
      origin of both lesions. Western blot analysis with C-terminus ALK antibody showed
      expression of an aberrantly sized chimeric protein of approximately 130 kd in
      tumor tissue. This is the second case of IMT demonstrating CARS as the ALK fusion
      partner, which confirms the recurring involvement of ALK in IMT by a common
      genetic mechanism. Moreover, identical clonality of separate lesions involving
      different sites supports metastasis in IMT.

PMID- 13679434
TI  - Renal damage in the SHR/N-cp type 2 diabetes model: comparison of an angiotensin
      converting enzyme inhibitor and endothelin receptor blocker.
AB  - SUMMARY: The pathomechanisms that cause renal damage in diabetes have not been
      completely clarified. Treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
      (ACE-i) is highly effective but fails to completely prevent end-stage renal
      disease. The effects of ET(A)-receptor blockers (ET(A)-RB) on renal damage are
      controversial and have rarely been investigated in type 2 diabetes. We compared
      the influence of the selective ET(A)-RB LU135252 and the ACE-i Trandolapril on
      renal structure in the SHR/N-cp rat model of type 2 diabetes. Three-month-old
      male SHR/N-cp rats were left untreated or received daily either Trandolapril or
      LU135252. The experiment was terminated after 6 months. The glomerulosclerosis
      index; tubulointerstitial damage index; and glomerular geometry, glomerular cell
      number, and capillary density were investigated. Proliferating cell nuclear
      antigen and desmin expression of podocytes, renal mRNA expression of endothelin
      (ET-1) and transforming growth factor-beta, blood pressure, and urine albumin
      excretion were measured. The glomerulosclerosis index was significantly higher in
      untreated diabetic animals than in the groups that were treated with ACE-i and
      ET(A)-RB. There were analogous changes in tubulointerstitial damage index.
      Treatment with either substance comparably lowered urinary albumin excretion in
      diabetic SHR/N-cp. Podocyte and endothelial cell numbers per glomerulus decreased
      in untreated diabetic animals; this was prevented by the ACE-i but not by the
      ET(A)-RB. Glomerular capillary length density was lower in SHR/N-cp, and this was
      normalized by ACE-i only. Increased expression of desmin and proliferating cell
      nuclear antigen expression of podocytes in the SHR/N-cp was abrogated by ACE-i
      but not by ET(A)-RB. Treatment with ACE-i or ET(A)-receptor antagonist resulted
      in less structural and functional alterations, but the ET(A)-RB was inferior to
      the ACE-i. This is particularly the case for podocyte changes pointing to
      angiotensin II-dependent pathomechanisms.

PMID- 13679435
TI  - Evaluation of skin tumors by magnetic resonance imaging.
AB  - In vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful noninvasive technique in
      medical diagnosis; however, its application to analyze skin disorders is still at
      initial stages. To check whether MRI can be used as a noninvasive tool to analyze
      skin tumors, we carried out MRI of mice after treatment with benzo[a]pyrene (BP),
      a well known carcinogen. MRI was done on whole mice and was particularly focused
      on various layers and regions of interest of the skin: dermis, epidermis, and
      tumor. Initial MRIs of mice bearing skin tumors of 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks after
      inducing BP clearly revealed the appearance of tumor. The MRIs of tumor-bearing
      mice with 20-week-old tumor development showed invasion to adjacent internal
      anatomic structures. The MRI data were in good agreement with the extent of
      cellular atypia and neoplastic changes that are typical of squamous cell
      carcinoma as noticed from the histopathologic findings. Therefore, MRI seems to
      have the potential to evaluate the tumor invasions equally well as that of
      histopathology or other clinical findings.

PMID- 13679436
TI  - Morphometric analysis of mouse airways after chronic allergen challenge.
AB  - Understanding the mechanisms of airway remodeling in chronic allergic conditions
      such as asthma is increasingly dependent on the use of animal models. Techniques
      for quantifying structural changes are required that are reproducible and
      responsive and that can be applied to different staining techniques in both human
      and animal airway tissues. Here, we characterize a morphometric technique to
      quantify changes in extracellular matrix and contractile tissue as two indices of
      airway remodeling in mice. Specific aims were to establish the optimum projection
      beneath the epithelium to assess remodeling changes and to determine whether such
      changes are reproducible within different areas of the lung. Finally, based on
      the variance within measurements, we calculated sample size requirements for
      research applications of this technique. BALB/c mice were sensitized to ovalbumin
      and studied after chronic allergen challenge. Lungs were formalin fixed and
      sectioned were then assayed for extracellular matrix or contractile tissue using
      morphometric/colorimetric techniques. In this model, the optimum projected
      distance to measure changes in extracellular matrix or contractile tissue was 20
      micro m beneath the epithelium; projecting beyond this depth resulted in
      decreased ability to detect allergen-induced changes (signal) because of
      increased irrelevant staining of surrounding parenchymal tissue (noise). The
      technique was responsive, because an allergen-induced signal was detected in all
      airway sections and all lung regions studied (p < 0.05). The power of this
      analysis was such that allergen-induced changes can be reliably (>80% power)
      detected using 8 to 10 mice. This morphometric technique provides a valid and
      objective method to assess structural changes in the airways of mice after
      chronic allergen exposure.

PMID- 13679437
TI  - Genetic and genetic expression analyses of clear cell sarcoma of the kidney.
AB  - Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney (CCSK) represents a significant diagnostic and
      clinical challenge. In search of diagnostically useful or biologically
      significant genetic abnormalities, we screened 30 CCSKs from the National Wilms
      Tumor Study Group. Genetic gains and losses were analyzed using comparative
      genomic hybridization; loss of heterozygosity at 11p15 was studied using
      microsatellite analysis. Loss of imprinting (LOI) was studied using allele
      specific expression or methylation analysis at the ApaI polymorphic site for
      IGF2, AluI and RsaI sites for H19, and Cfo I site for SNRPN. Comparative genomic
      hybridization analysis revealed quantitative abnormalities in only 4 of 30 CCSKs.
      Two showed gain of 1q, one also showed loss of 10q, and the other also showed
      loss of terminal 4p. The other two cases demonstrated chromosome 19 loss and
      chromosome 19p gain, respectively. All 22 cases informative for 11p15 showed
      retention of both alleles. Of 14 CCSKs informative for IGF2, six showed biallelic
      expression; all three CCSKs informative for H19 exhibited monoallelic expression.
      The normal imprint pattern was present in all six CCSKs analyzed for SNRPN
      methylation. These data demonstrate an absence of consistent genetic gains or
      losses in CCSKs using these methods. The high frequency of LOI for IGF2 in CCSKs
      (43%) is comparable to that reported in Wilms tumors. The retention of imprinting
      at the SNRPN and H19 loci confirm that LOI is not a ubiquitous epigenetic change.
      This suggests that IGF2, a potent growth factor, may play a role in the
      development or progression of CCSK.

PMID- 13679438
TI  - Attenuation of androgen receptor-dependent transcription by the serine/threonine
      kinase Pim-1.
AB  - Androgens play a key role in the regulation of the normal prostate as well as in
      the promotion and progression of prostate cancer. Recently, an oncogenic
      serine/threonine kinase, Pim-1, was reported to be overexpressed in prostate
      cancer. To elucidate whether Pim-1 is capable of modulating androgen signaling,
      we studied the effects of Pim-1 on androgen receptor (AR)-dependent
      transcription. Under transient transfection conditions, Pim-1 attenuated
      transcriptional activity of AR in a dose-dependent fashion in PC-3, HeLa, and COS
      1 cells, whereas a kinase-negative mutant of Pim-1, Pim-1(K67M), showed no
      repressive activity. In contrast, ectopic expression of Pim-1 did not influence
      the activity of endogenous AR in LNCaP cells. This was, however, not a result of
      the T877A mutation present in AR of LNCaP cells, because that AR mutant was
      repressed by Pim-1 as efficiently as wild-type AR when expressed in PC-3 prostate
      cancer cells. Pim-1 inhibited AR mutants devoid of the ligand-binding domain or
      the core amino-terminal transactivation function but failed to influence the DNA
      binding of AR. Because we found no evidence for phosphorylation of AR by Pim-1 or
      for direct interaction between these proteins, Pim-1 is likely to influence AR
      activity via an indirect mechanism, possibly involving phosphorylation of a
      coregulator and/or a component of the transcription machinery. Overexpression of
      Pim-1 may thus attenuate androgen response during progression of prostate cancer
      in a cell context-dependent fashion.

PMID- 13679439
TI  - Nonrandom chromosomal numerical abnormality predicting prognosis of gastric
      cancer: a retrospective study of 51 cases using pathology archives.
AB  - Chromosomal or centromerical numerical abnormality (CNA) is a well-known
      characteristic of human cancer, but the extensive and specific documentation of
      CNA in gastric cancer is still sparse, partly because of difficulty in obtaining
      cytogenetic information. Taking advantage of a recently developed fluorescence in
      situ hybridization protocol for formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues, we
      investigated CNA of 51 gastric cancer cases with a panel of 18 chromosome
      specific alpha-satellite probes (for chromosomes 1-4, 6-12, 15-18, 20, X and Y)
      and region specific probes (c-myc and p53) to enumerate respective chromosome
      numbers in interphase nuclei. The involved chromosomes exhibiting CNA were
      nonrandom in gastric cancer. Aberrations of chromosomes 1, 8, 17, 20, and X were
      frequent regardless of histologic types, whereas aberrations chromosomes 10, 15,
      and 18 occurred less often (p < 0.001). From a histopathologic standpoint, the
      mucocellular type had stable CNA in comparison with the tubular type
      (mucocellular type vs tubular type carcinoma: 21.0 +/- 10.63% vs 62.8 +/- 12.79%,
      p < 0.001). Interestingly, there was less extensive CNA in women (men vs women:
      54.3 +/- 9.49% versus 24.9 +/- 12.23%, p < 0.001). A dramatic difference in the
      outcome was detected according to the involvement of chromosomes 3, 10, 11, 12,
      17, and Y; that is, the cases with CNA of these chromosomes had worse prognosis.

PMID- 13679440
TI  - Thioredoxin reductase 1 expression in colon cancer: discrepancy between in vitro
      and in vivo findings.
AB  - Thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase 1 (TR1) are redox proteins that have been
      implicated in cellular events such as proliferation, transformation, and
      apoptosis. Analysis of the expression and localization of TR1 in different normal
      and cancer cell lines and in colon tissues (normal, neoplastic, or inflamed) was
      performed using reverse transcription-PCR and in situ hybridization. TR1 mRNA was
      expressed in all analyzed tissues with TR mRNA-positive cells restricted to the
      stroma of colon crypts, partly being CD3 or CD56 positive. In neoplastic areas of
      colonic cancer tissue, a loss of TR was obvious. None of the epithelial cells in
      colonic mucosa expressed TR mRNA, whereas more than 70% of HT-29 cells grown in
      monolayer were positive for TR. In contrast, HT-29 cells, grown as spheroids or
      as tumors in SCID mice, were negative for TR. In contrast to these in vitro
      findings and previous studies, there is no evidence that TR plays a significant
      role in vivo in normal cell growth in colonic epithelial cells. The mechanism
      underlying the loss of TR1-positive/CD3-positive/CD56-positive cells or the
      biologic consequence of this phenomenon observed in neoplastic colonic tissue
      remains to be clarified.

PMID- 13679441
TI  - Epidermal growth factor receptor regulates normal urothelial regeneration.
AB  - Members of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family and their receptors are
      involved in many cellular processes, including proliferation, migration, and
      differentiation. We have previously reported that these growth factors are
      expressed and have specific regulatory functions in an organ-like culture model
      of normal human urothelial cells. Here, we used this model to investigate the
      involvement of EGF receptor (EGFR) in human urothelial regeneration. Three 4-mm
      diameter damaged areas were made in confluent normal human urothelial cell
      cultures with a biopsy punch. Regeneration was measured, on fixed stained
      cultures, with an image analyzer, at 4, 24, and 48 hours after injury. Cell
      proliferation was assessed by 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine incorporation. To identify
      EGF family factors potentially involved in the healing process, we studied the
      effect of these factors on damaged confluent cultures and the level of expression
      of mRNAs extracted from these cultures. EGFR inhibition of the proliferation and
      migration of urothelial cells was tested with (1). a specific tyrosine kinase
      inhibitor (AG1478) and (2). a blocking anti-EGFR antibody (LA22). Exogenously
      added amphiregulin, EGF, transforming growth factor-alpha and heparin-binding EGF
      (HB-EGF) stimulated urothelial regeneration. The damaged areas were repaired by
      regrowth within 48 hours. Both AG1478 and LA22 inhibited the repair (by 50% and
      30%, respectively), as well as proliferation and migration. This regeneration was
      accompanied by increased HB-EGF mRNA expression in cultures of cells from four of
      six subjects, but no corresponding change in EGFR protein level was observed.
      These results indicate that the EGFR signaling pathway is involved in urothelial
      regeneration. Our data support an autocrine role of HB-EGF in this process and
      suggest that the EGFR pathway is a potential therapeutic target for modulating
      urothelial cell proliferation.

PMID- 13679442
TI  - Expression of cytoplasmic TFF2 is a marker of tumor metastasis and negative
      prognostic factor in gastric cancer.
AB  - Trefoil factor family 2 (TFF2) is a small peptide constitutively expressed in the
      gastric mucosa, where it plays a protective role in restitution of gastric
      mucosa. TFF2 has also been shown to be expressed in some gastric cancers, but its
      role in tumor metastasis and patient prognosis has not been examined. In this
      study, we examined TFF2 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels and
      correlated these results with the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis
      of gastric cancer patients. Among the 144 curatively resected samples, 43 (30%)
      were positive for TFF2. TFF2 expression was preferentially observed in the
      infiltrating tumor cells sparing the superficial cells. Significantly increased
      expression of TFF2 was noted in large tumors of the diffuse type. An increased
      prevalence of TFF2 expression was also found in tumors with advanced T and N
      stage and in patients with lymphatic and venous invasion. Accordingly, patients
      with TFF2-expressing tumors had a significantly worse disease-free survival, and
      in multivariate analysis, this finding remained significant as an independent
      prognostic factor. Taken together, our results suggest that TFF2 expression may
      play a role in gastric cancer invasion and as such could be a useful target for
      therapeutic intervention.

PMID- 13679443
TI  - Regulation of interleukin 12 p40 and p70 production by blood and alveolar
      phagocytes during severe sepsis.
AB  - Paradoxically, the host response to severe sepsis may lead to immunosuppression,
      thereby favoring nosocomial infections. We examined the role of the two IL-12
      isoforms, bioactive IL-12p70 and regulatory IL-12p40, in 16 patients with severe
      sepsis. We compared the capacity of purified blood and alveolar phagocytes
      [polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and monocytes/macrophages] to secrete each
      isoform. Blood monocytes had normal basal secretions. In contrast, a marked
      imbalance was observed after ex vivo stimulation by lipopolysaccharide plus IFN
      gamma, with significantly lower IL-12p70 production and higher IL-12p40
      production. Conversely, stimulated IL-12p40 production by the patients' blood PMN
      tended to be impaired, as was their cell-surface beta2 integrin and L-selectin
      expression, known as markers of cell activation. In the patient's bronchoalveolar
      lavage fluid, the production of both IL-12 isoforms after ex vivo stimulation was
      significantly lower with alveolar macrophages than with autologous blood
      monocytes and significantly higher with alveolar PMN than with autologous blood
      PMN. This sheds new light on the potential role of PMN in local modulation of
      inflammation, via secretion of the anti-inflammatory IL-12 p40 subunit. The
      imbalance between the bioactive and regulatory IL-12 isoforms, which is probably
      designed to control excessive inflammation, may also make septic patients more
      susceptible to nosocomial infection.

PMID- 13679444
TI  - Evaluation of NF2 and NF1 tumor suppressor genes in distinctive gastrointestinal
      nerve sheath tumors traditionally diagnosed as benign schwannomas: s study of 20
      cases.
AB  - A significant percentage of conventional schwannomas, whether sporadic or
      associated with neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2), show loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at
      NF2 and/or NF2 inactivating mutations. Similarly, a significant percentage of
      neurofibromas show LOH at NF1 and/or NF1 inactivating mutations. There are no
      molecular genetic data on gastrointestinal (GI) nerve sheath tumors traditionally
      diagnosed as benign schwannomas, rare neoplasms possibly derived from the
      schwannian elements dispersed between the smooth muscle fibers. In this study, we
      analyzed 1 esophageal, 16 gastric, 1 small intestinal, and 2 colonic tumors of
      such type. Histologically, all were spindle cell neoplasms positive for S-100
      protein, vimentin, and glial fibrillary acidic protein, and negative for smooth
      muscle markers, KIT, CD34, neurofilament proteins, and HMB45. Focal or extensive
      lymphoid cuffs, often containing germinal centers, were present in most cases.
      None of the patients had NF2 or NF1. Chromosomes 22 and 17, particularly NF2 and
      NF1 loci, were analyzed for LOH in all GI tumors and for comparative purposes in
      10 conventional schwannomas. LOH on 22q was seen in 40% of conventional
      schwannomas but in only 5% (1 of 20) of GI schwannomas. PCR amplification
      followed by direct sequencing of PCR products failed to identify mutations in NF2
      coding sequences (exons 1-15) in 13 cases, including a case with LOH on 22q.
      Losses on 17q involving NF1 were seen in both GI and conventional schwannomas in
      50% and 33% of analyzed tumors, respectively. LOH at NF1 might be one of the
      genetic features seen in peripheral nerve sheath tumors from different locations
      and should be interpreted with caution. However, lack of NF2 alterations strongly
      supports the hypothesis that GI schwannomas represent a morphologically and
      genetically distinct group of peripheral nerve sheath tumors that are different
      from conventional schwannomas.

PMID- 13679445
TI  - Alteration of migration and maturation of dendritic cells and T-cell depletion in
      the course of experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection.
AB  - Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, induces infection that
      affects most immunocompetent cells. However, its effect on dendritic cells (DC)
      is still unknown in vivo. In this report, we show, by immunohistochemical
      staining, that T. cruzi infection triggers a huge increase in the number of
      CD11c(+) DC in the spleen of infected mice at Days 14 and 21 post-inoculation
      (pi). In mice reaching the chronic phase (starting on Day 35 pi), the number of
      splenic DC (sDC) returned progressively to normal (ending on Day 98 pi). In the
      spleens of noninfected mice, most of the CD8alpha(+)CD11c(+) and CD8alpha(
      )CD11c(+) DC were found in the red pulp and the marginal and T-cell zones.
      However, starting on Day 14 pi, a progressive decline of CD8alpha(+)CD11c(+) was
      observed. In addition, sDC expressed low levels of the costimulatory molecule
      B7.2 at Days 14 and 21 pi, suggesting that they remained immature in the course
      of the infection. As expected, in lipopolysaccharide-treated and noninfected
      mice, the expression of B7.2 molecules was sharply up-regulated on sDC that
      migrated toward the T-cell zone. In contrast, upon lipopolysaccharide
      stimulation, sDC from T. cruzi-infected mice did not migrate toward the T-cell
      zone nor did they undergo maturation. Finally, white pulp was severely depleted
      in both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells at the peak of infection. Taken together, these
      results indicate that profound alterations of migration and maturation of sDC and
      depletion/redistribution of T cells occur during the acute phase of T. cruzi
      infection and could be part of another strategy to escape immune surveillance and
      to persist in the host.

PMID- 13679446
TI  - Telomerase reactivation is an early event in laryngeal carcinogenesis.
AB  - The exact role and timing of reactivation of telomerase, a key enzyme implicated
      in cellular immortalization and transformation in the multistep process of
      laryngeal carcinogenesis, is still unknown. We attempted to (1) determine that
      quantitative differences exist in the levels of telomerase catalytic subunit
      (hTERT) mRNA expression among different grades of laryngeal epithelial
      abnormalities classified according to the Ljubljana classification; (2) determine
      that telomerase reactivation is an important, most probably early event in
      laryngeal carcinogenesis; and (3) analyze whether the relative quantity of hTERT
      mRNA can be used as a molecular biomarker in the early detection of precancerous
      lesions. The relative quantity of hTERT mRNA, expressed as an hTERT index, was
      analyzed in 140 frozen laryngeal tissue specimens representing different
      morphological stages of laryngeal carcinogenesis by using a commercially
      available LightCycler Telo TAGGG hTERT Quantification kit. The presence and
      relative quantity of hTERT mRNA in laryngeal epithelium increases progressively
      with the degree of epithelial abnormalities. hTERT mRNA was detectable in 1/15
      normal laryngeal epithelia (7%, mean hTERT index 0.02), 3/15 simple hyperplasias
      (20%, mean hTERT index 0.09), 10/27 abnormal hyperplasias (37%, mean hTERT index
      0.18), 9/12 atypical hyperplasias (75%, mean hTERT index 0.74), 8/9
      intraepithelial carcinomas (89%, mean hTERT index 1.82), and 53/62 invasive
      laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (85%, mean hTERT index 2.51). Statistical
      analysis revealed two groups of laryngeal epithelial changes with significant
      differences in the levels of hTERT mRNA expression (P <.0033): (1) normal and
      reactive hyperplastic laryngeal epithelium (simple and abnormal hyperplasia) and
      (2) atypical hyperplasia (precancerous lesion), intraepithelial and invasive
      laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. The results of the present study suggest that
      telomerase reactivation is an early event in laryngeal carcinogenesis, detectable
      already at the stage of precancerous laryngeal epithelial changes. Nevertheless,
      other genetic abnormalities appear to be necessary for progression of these
      epithelial abnormalities toward invasive laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

PMID- 13679447
TI  - p53 alterations and their relationship to SDHD mutations in parasympathetic
      paragangliomas.
AB  - Experimental and observational evidence suggests that chronic hypoxic stimulation
      can induce parasympathetic paraganglioma. This is emphasized by the
      identification of germline mutations in genes of the mitochondrial succinate
      dehydrogenase enzyme complex II in hereditary paraganglioma. Because of
      inactivating mutations in the succinate dehydrogenase subunit B (SDHB), C (SDHC),
      or D (SDHD) gene, the paraganglia undergo a chronic hypoxic stimulus leading to
      proliferation of the paraganglionic cells. Hypoxia is a known inducer of p53 up
      regulation, which triggers cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Inactivation of the
      p53 pathway, by gene mutation or by MDM2 overexpression, would enable cells to
      escape from cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and could contribute to
      tumorigenesis. To determine whether p53 inactivation plays a role in
      paraganglioma tumorigenesis, we investigated a series of 43 paragangliomas from
      41 patients (of whom 24 patients harbored a germline SDHD mutation) for mutations
      in p53 exons 5-8 by PCR-SSCP. In addition, these tumors were investigated for p53
      and MDM2 protein expression by immunohistochemistry, and the results were
      compared with clinical data and the presence of SDHD mutations. No aberrations in
      p53 exons 5-8 were found. The immunohistochemical experiments showed nuclear p53
      expression in 15 tumors. Three tumors were positive for MDM2 that were also
      positive for p53. There was no correlation between p53 and MDM2 expression and
      clinical data or SDHD status. Given the fact that hypoxia induces p53 expression
      and regarding the absence of p53 mutations, these results suggest that p53
      inactivation does not play a major role in the tumorigenesis of hereditary and
      sporadic paragangliomas.

PMID- 13679448
TI  - Value of the CD8-CD3 ratio for the diagnosis of mycosis fungoides.
AB  - Histopathological diagnosis of mycosis fungoides is difficult, especially in
      early lesions that may be indistinguishable from inflammatory dermatoses. Mycosis
      fungoides is a clonal proliferation of mature epidermotropic CD4+ lymphocytes.
      The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of the CD8-CD3 ratio to
      the diagnosis of mycosis fungoides. We retrospectively compared the
      immunophenotypic characteristics of 30 mycosis fungoides with 28 inflammatory
      dermatoses. The diagnosis of mycosis fungoides was reinforced in all cases by the
      presence of a cutaneous dominant T-cell clonal population. To analyze exclusively
      the lymphocytic infiltrates, CD4, which is also expressed by histiocytes, was not
      considered. The CD8-CD3 ratio was determined separately in the epidermis and the
      dermis using two methods, one quantitative and the other semiquantitative.
      Concordance rates between the two methods were higher in epidermal than dermal
      infiltrates. The mean CD8-CD3 ratio was significantly lower for mycosis fungoides
      than control cases, with the difference being greater in the epidermal than the
      dermal component. Although not absolutely specific, a low CD8-CD3 ratio in the
      epidermal component of a lymphocytic infiltrate supports the diagnosis of mycosis
      fungoides. It can be evaluated in routine practice using a semiquantitative
      approach.

PMID- 13679449
TI  - Loss of cables, a novel gene on chromosome 18q, in ovarian cancer.
AB  - Cables, a cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) interacting protein, has recently been
      identified and mapped to human chromosome 18q11. Cables appears to be primarily
      involved in cell cycle regulation and cell proliferation. Overexpression of
      Cables in Hela and other cell lines inhibits cell proliferation and tumor
      formation. We hypothesize that loss of Cables expression is associated with
      ovarian cancer. To test our hypothesis, we examined Cables expression in the four
      most common subtypes of ovarian carcinomas: serous, endometrioid, mucinous, and
      clear cell. In addition, mucinous and serous borderline tumors were also
      included. Loss of Cables expression was observed at high frequency in ovarian
      serous (11 of 14 cases, 79%) and endometrioid (5 of 10 cases, 50%) carcinomas. In
      contrast, strong Cables staining was detected in all clear cell carcinomas (10
      cases) and mucinous tumors (5 carcinomas and 5 borderline tumors). The majority
      of serous borderline tumors (11 of 14 cases, 79%) showed positive Cables
      staining, with the rest showing focal loss of Cables expression. Furthermore, RT
      PCR revealed the lack of Cables mRNA in a human ovarian cancer xenograft. No
      correlation was noted between loss of Cables and histologic grade, tumor stage,
      and survival. In conclusion, our results indicate that loss of Cables is common
      in ovarian serous and endometrioid carcinomas and imply that Cables may be
      involved in the pathogenesis of these two types of ovarian carcinomas.

PMID- 13679451
TI  - Benign CD10-positive T cells in reactive lymphoid proliferations and B-cell
      lymphomas.
AB  - Recent reports have indicated that the neoplastic T cells of angioimmunoblastic T
      cell lymphoma express CD10. It has been suggested that the demonstration of a
      CD10+ T-cell population may assist in establishing a diagnosis of
      angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma and in distinguishing angioimmunoblastic T
      cell lymphoma from other peripheral T-cell lymphomas. It has been unclear,
      however, whether this phenotypically unusual T-cell population might be present
      in other settings as well. In this report, we have retrospectively examined 64
      cases of lymph node and solid tissue biopsies for the presence of CD10+ T cells
      using multicolor flow cytometry. Discrete populations of CD10+ T cells were found
      in 5 of 28 cases (18%) of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia, 4 of 17 cases (23%) of
      follicular lymphoma, and 9 of 19 cases (47%) of marginal zone B-cell lymphomas.
      The CD10+ T cells constituted 1-6% of total cells analyzed and </=14% of the
      total T-cell population. Using two-color immunohistochemical stains, many of the
      CD10+ PAX5-negative presumptive T cells were found to be located within germinal
      centers. These findings indicate that a normal small subset of CD10+ peripheral T
      cells exists and, at least when present in small numbers, should not be
      considered an indication of a T-cell neoplasm.

PMID- 13679450
TI  - P16 and p53 expression in (pre)malignant epidermal tumors of renal transplant
      recipients and immunocompetent individuals.
AB  - Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a prevailing factor implicated in the etiology of
      keratinocytic intraepidermal neoplasia (KIN) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs),
      as evidenced by the high frequency of UV-related mutations in the p53 and p16
      tumor suppressor genes. In renal transplant recipients (RTRs), immunosuppression
      is considered another important risk factor in the enhanced carcinogenesis in
      these patients. So far, effects of UV and immune status on p53 and p16
      immunoexpression in SCCs and precursors have not been studied. The aims of this
      study were to assess (1) the relation between risk factors for carcinogenesis,
      sun exposure and immune status, and p16 or p53 expression, and (2) to assess
      differences in p16 and p53 expression between KINs and SCCs. Immunostaining for
      p16 and p53 was performed on paraffin-embedded sections of 23 low-grade KIN
      (LKIN) lesions, 28 high-grade KINs (HKINs), and 35 SCCs from 44 RTRs and 42
      immunocompetent controls (ICIs). In 74/86 lesions (86%), p53 was expressed, and
      in 63/86 (76%) lesions, p16 expression was present. Negativity for both p16 and
      p53 was found in 4/86 (5%) cases, whereas combined p53/p16 staining was most
      prevalent (55/86 lesions, 64%). P16 staining proved independent of p53 expression
      (P =.8), and immune status, sun exposure, and histological diagnosis (LKIN-HKIN
      SCC) had no influence on this independence. Transplantation was associated with
      p53 expression in SCCs (P =.02; power = 34%) caused by higher prevalence of p53
      negative SCCs in RTRs than in ICIs (30% versus 0). In HKINs, p16 was more
      frequently positive than in LKINs (P =.003; power = 49%) and SCCs (P =.03; power
      = 53%). HKINs showed more frequent transepidermal p16 and p53 staining than LKIN
      lesions (P <.001; power >/= 99%). This study demonstrates that in KIN lesions and
      cutaneous SCCs, p16 expression is independent of p53 expression, and immune
      status, sun exposure, and histological diagnosis have no influence on this
      independence. Furthermore, HKIN lesions express significantly more p16 than LKINs
      and SCCs.

PMID- 13679452
TI  - Cyclin D3 immunoreactivity in gastrointestinal stromal tumors is independent of
      cyclin D3 gene amplification and is associated with nuclear p27 accumulation.
AB  - An abnormal expression of cyclin D3, a key regulator of the cell cycle, has been
      documented in a variety of human malignancies, and the cyclin D3 gene, mapping to
      6p21, may be deregulated in human tumors as a result of the t(6;14)(p21.1;q32.3)
      translocation or gene amplification. In the current study, we for the first time
      investigated by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization
      (FISH) the prevalence of cyclin D3 abnormalities in gastrointestinal stromal
      tumors (GISTs), comparing the results with traditional pathological
      characteristics, p27 immunoreactivity (IR), and Ki-67 labeling index (LI). All
      the tumors showed nuclear cyclin D3 IR, with a percentage of immunostained
      neoplastic cells ranging from 10 to 95% (mean, 67.3 +/- 22.9%). In 4 (40%) of the
      10 cases analyzed by FISH, cyclin D3 extrasignals were detected. Cohybridization
      with probes specific for the centromeric region and the long arm of chromosome 6
      indicated trisomy in one case, whereas in the remaining three cases the pattern
      was highly suggestive for the occurrence of an isochromosome 6p. There was no
      association between the cyclin D3 gene copy number and IR for the encoded
      protein. Cyclin D3 IR was positively associated with p27 IR (P =.004) but not
      with Ki-67 LI or tumor malignant potential. On the contrary, p27 IR was inversely
      associated with Ki-67 LI (P =.004) and was more prevalent in tumors of low or
      intermediate malignant potential, though at a borderline level of statistical
      significance (P =.066) only. These data suggest that cyclin D3 expression in
      GISTs is independent of gene amplification and that this protein may be involved
      in the pathogenesis of GISTs by counteracting the inhibitory activities of p27.

PMID- 13679453
TI  - Metaplastic spindle cell breast tumors arising within papillomas, complex
      sclerosing lesions, and nipple adenomas.
AB  - Micropapillomas/papillomas and complex sclerosing lesions of the breast have been
      associated with a slightly increased risk for subsequent carcinoma, although
      benign squamous metaplasia and reactive hypercellular stroma are seen within
      these lesions. There are few reports of these fibrosclerotic lesions associated
      with metaplastic tumors. Here we describe a series of metaplastic tumors arising
      within fibrosclerotic breast lesions. Thirty-three metaplastic tumors associated
      with fibrosclerotic lesions were selected from a breast pathology consultative
      practice. Relevant clinical and pathological features were reviewed.
      Representative sections were evaluated immunohistochemically for expression of
      cytokeratins, vimentin, and smooth muscle and muscle-specific actins. Both the
      metaplastic component (spindled and squamous cells) and the glandular elements
      were graded. The metaplastic tumors arose within papillomas (20 cases), complex
      sclerosing lesions (7 cases), both papilloma and complex sclerosing lesions (3
      cases), and nipple adenoma (3 cases). A majority of the metaplastic tumors showed
      a dominant spindle cell component with various degrees of atypia, ranging from
      fibromatosis-like (16 cases) to low-grade (13 cases), intermediate-grade (2
      cases), and high-grade (2 cases) fibrosarcoma phenotype. Squamous metaplasia was
      present in 25 cases, and low-grade glandular elements, in 21 cases. Eleven tumors
      had a low-grade adenosquamous growth pattern. Ductal carcinoma in situ was
      present in 7 cases, and invasive mammary carcinoma, in 5 cases. The very low
      grade tumors were histologically similar to limited areas of stromal reaction and
      myofibroblastic proliferation, seen in partially sclerotic
      micropapillomas/papillomas and complex sclerosing lesions, but usually more
      cellular. Cytokeratin positivity (13+/13 tested) supports the metaplastic nature
      of the more plump spindled cells. The spindle cells were also positive for
      vimentin (8+/8 tested) and smooth muscle (2+/5 tested) and muscle-specific actins
      (6+/6 tested). Spindle cell metaplastic tumors, from fibromatosis-like to
      fibrosarcoma, may arise within a variety of fibrosclerotic breast lesions.

PMID- 13679454
TI  - Multicomponent analysis of the pancreatic adenocarcinoma progression model using
      a pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia tissue microarray.
AB  - A multistep model for pancreatic adenocarcinoma has been proposed recently. In
      this model, well-defined, noninvasive ductal lesions are recognized as precursors
      of invasive cancer and have been classified under the nomenclature of pancreatic
      intraepithelial neoplasia, or PanIN. Increasing evidence suggests that PanINs
      represent true neoplasms of the pancreatic ductal epithelium, accumulating
      histologic and genetic abnormalities in their progression toward invasive cancer.
      We have constructed a tissue microarray containing 55 PanIN lesions of all
      histologic grades in order to perform a multicomponent analysis of the pancreatic
      adenocarcinoma progression model. The protein products of 14 genes encompassing a
      variety of functional classes, such as tumor suppressor genes (p53, Smad4/Dpc4),
      oncogenes (beta-catenin), cell cycle antigens (p16, cyclin D1), proliferation
      antigens (Ki-67, topoisomerase II alpha), and epithelial apomucins (MUC1, MUC2,
      MUC5), as well as "novel" genes described as differentially up-regulated in
      invasive pancreas cancer by global microarray expression analysis (mesothelin,
      prostate stem cell antigen, fascin, and 14-3-3varsigma), were analyzed by
      immunohistochemistry on the PanIN tissue microarray. Comparison of the results
      from the current study with previously published data performed on routine
      histologic sections of PanINs demonstrates that tissue microarrays are a valid
      platform for molecular analysis not only of invasive cancers but of precursor
      lesions as well. In addition, this study demonstrates that molecular
      abnormalities in PanINs are not random but can usually be stratified into "early"
      changes (e.g., expression of MUC5 and prostate stem antigen, or loss of p16),
      "intermediate" changes (e.g., expression of cyclin D1), and "late" changes (e.g.,
      expression of p53, proliferation antigens, MUC1, mesothelin, and 14-3-3varsigma,
      or loss of Smad4/Dpc4). Understanding the molecular pathogenesis of precursor
      lesions of invasive pancreatic adenocarcinomas using a high-throughput tissue
      microarray-based approach is a valuable adjunct to designing rational strategies
      for early detection of this lethal neoplasm.

PMID- 13679455
TI  - Cdx2 protein expression in normal and malignant human tissues: an
      immunohistochemical survey using tissue microarrays.
AB  - Cdx2 has been identified as a marker of colon cancer in RNA-profiling
      experiments. We show here that the detection of Cdx2 protein by
      immunohistochemistry correlates well with RNA transcript levels as detected by
      oligonucleotide microarrays. Using tissue microarrays containing most normal
      tissue types and an antibody to the Cdx2 protein, strong diffuse Cdx2 staining
      was only seen in the nuclei of small and large intestinal epithelium and portions
      of the pancreatic duct system. In tissue microarrays containing 745 cancers from
      many anatomic sites, colonic adenocarcinomas showed strong extensive staining in
      90% of cases, with adenocarcinomas of the stomach, esophagus, and ovary
      (endometrioid and mucinous types) showing extensive staining in only 20-30% of
      cases. Other types of carcinomas showed extensive staining in only </=1% of
      cases. Of 30 neuroendocrine tumors examined, carcinoids of the midgut and hindgut
      had the most cases with extensive staining (73% and 44%, respectively), thus
      paralleling the distribution of Cdx2 expression in adenocarcinomas. Cdx2 shows a
      limited range of expression in the spectrum of human tissues and neoplasia and
      thus may have utility in determining the site of origin of tumors in certain
      clinical situations.

PMID- 13679456
TI  - Tyrosinase RT-PCR as a supplement to histology for detecting melanoma and nevus
      cells in paraffin sections of sentinel lymph nodes.
AB  - The detection of tyrosinase mRNA in sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) by reverse
      transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is a sensitive indicator for the
      presence of melanoma or nevus cells, but it does not enable a distinction between
      both. We have established an efficient method for extraction and reverse
      transcription of tyrosinase mRNA from paraffin sections that permits the close
      correlation of the RT-PCR results with (immuno)histologic findings in adjacent
      sections. One hundred fifty-three SLNs and 6 non-SLN specimens originating from
      92 melanoma and 4 nonmelanoma patients were studied to test the reliability of
      this approach. The predictive value of positive RT-PCR results was 0.98 for the
      presence of melanoma or nevus cells; the corresponding negative predictive value
      was 0.83. Furthermore, the detection rate of tyrosinase mRNA significantly
      correlated with tumor burden. Among the 33 melanoma-positive SLNs without nevus
      cells, positive RT-PCR results were obtained in all specimens with extended
      peripheral (S2) or deeply invasive (S3) micrometastases but in only 46% of the
      cases with few localized melanoma cells in the subcapsular zone (S1). Routine
      (immuno)histologic evaluation alone had missed microclusters of melanoma cells in
      one SLN and small nevus cell aggregates in six other SLNs. They were detected
      only during microscopic reexamination caused by a positive RT-PCR result. We
      conclude that histology and immunohistochemistry remain the indispensable gold
      standard for the identification of melanoma and nevus cells in SLNs. Additional
      molecular analyses using adjacent paraffin sections may further improve the
      diagnostic accuracy by sensitizing and guiding the microscopist's attention.

PMID- 13679457
TI  - Small cells in hepatoblastoma lack "oval" cell phenotype.
AB  - Hepatoblastoma, a childhood tumor of the liver, is composed of epithelial and
      mesenchymal elements in varying proportions and at various stages of
      differentiation. The epithelial element recapitulates the stages of hepatocyte
      development from the primitive blastema through embryonal hepatocytes to fetal
      hepatocytes. The blastemal or undifferentiated cells have been postulated to
      represent neoplastic hepatocyte progenitor cells. In this study, we examine the
      immunophenotype of the various epithelial cells of hepatoblastoma with special
      emphasis on the small undifferentiated cell component and compare it with that of
      adult hepatocytes and hepatic stem (oval) cells. Putative stem cells in the liver
      can express all of the following markers: alpha-feto protein, CK19 (OV-6),
      chromogranin A, Bcl-2, HepPar-1, and alpha1 microglobulin. The latter, like alpha
      feto protein, is a plasma protein synthesized by hepatocytes. Both alpha1
      microglobulin and HepPar-1 are expressed in fetal liver cells as early as 7 weeks
      of intrauterine life. They are also expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma and in
      hepatocytic cell lines derived from normal fetal or adult liver. Formalin-fixed,
      paraffin-embedded archival tissues from 10 predominantly epithelial
      hepatoblastomas were immunostained with antibodies directed against CD 34, alpha1
      microglobulin, Bcl-2, HepPar 1, and CK19 using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase
      method. The undifferentiated small cell component did not express any of the
      markers studied, namely, Bcl-2, HepPar-1, alpha(1) microglobulin, CD34, or CK19.
      Hepatocyte-like cells were alpha1 microglobulin- and HepPar-1-positive, with the
      intensity of staining correlating with the degree of hepatocytic differentiation.
      Bcl-2 expression was restricted to areas of ductular differentiation. CK19 was
      detected in foci that showed duct formation. The small cells of hepatoblastoma
      did not express HepPar-1, Bcl-2, CK19, alpha1 microglobulin, or CD34, markers
      that characterize the immunophenotype of hepatic stem cells ("oval" cells). Thus,
      this observation raises the following questions: (1) is "hepatoblastoma" a
      misnomer? (2) is the expression of tumor antigens dysregulated in hepatoblastoma?
      (3) does the liver have two different types of progenitor cells, oval cells and
      blastemal cells, with differing immunophenotypes? and (4) do the blastemal cells,
      rather than oval cells, represent the more primitive progenitor cells of the
      liver?

PMID- 13679458
TI  - Comparing fluorescence in situ hybridization and chromogenic in situ
      hybridization methods to determine the HER2/neu status in primary breast
      carcinoma using tissue microarray.
AB  - Identification of HER2/neu status is important for predicting response to
      specific chemotherapy in breast carcinoma. Chromogenic in situ hybridization was
      performed using tissue microarray technology on 188 primary breast carcinomas. To
      validate the reliability of novel chromogenic in situ hybridization technology,
      the results of chromogenic in situ hybridization were correlated with the results
      of two-color fluorescence in situ hybridization done with the same tumors. On
      tissue microarray panels containing 188 breast carcinoma tissues, fluorescence in
      situ hybridization and chromogenic in situ hybridization were conducted
      simultaneously. HER2/neu amplification was detected in 46 tumors (24.5%) by
      fluorescence in situ hybridization and in 43 tumors (22.9%) by chromogenic in
      situ hybridization. Results of each method agreed with each other in 177 tumors
      (concordance: 94.1%). HER2/neu amplification by fluorescence in situ
      hybridization was associated with nuclear pleomorphism (P =.021), and HER2/neu
      amplification by chromogenic in situ hybridization was associated with poor
      nuclear grade (P =.037). High concordance between fluorescence in situ
      hybridization and chromogenic in situ hybridization indicated that chromogenic in
      situ hybridization can be a tempting alternative to fluorescence in situ
      hybridization for the detection of HER2/neu amplification in breast carcinoma
      because of its accuracy and relative low cost. HER2/neu appeared to have a
      prognostic implication because its amplification was associated with aggressive
      biologic features of the breast carcinoma. Integration of tissue microarray
      technology enabled high-throughput determination of HER2/neu amplification
      profile with rapidity and accuracy in large cohorts of the breast carcinoma.

PMID- 13679459
TI  - The p16 (CDKN2a/INK4a) tumor-suppressor gene in head and neck squamous cell
      carcinoma: a promoter methylation and protein expression study in 100 cases.
AB  - The p16 (CDKN2a/INK4a) gene is an important tumor-suppressor gene, involved in
      the p16/cyclin-dependent kinase/retinoblastoma gene pathway of cell cycle
      control. The p16 protein is considered to be a negative regulator of the pathway.
      The gene encodes an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6, which regulate
      the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma gene and the G1 to S phase transition of
      the cell cycle. In the present study, p16 gene promoter hypermethylation patterns
      and p16 protein expression were analyzed in 100 consecutive untreated cases of
      primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by methylation-specific PCR and
      immunohistochemical staining. The p16 promoter hypermethylation and apparent loss
      of p16 protein expression were detected in 27% and 74% of head and neck squamous
      cell carcinoma, respectively. By chi(2) test, history of alcohol or tobacco use
      was significantly correlated with the loss of p16 protein expression (P =.005
      and.05, respectively). When patient follow-up data were correlated with various
      clinical and molecular parameters, tumor size and nodal and clinical stage were
      the strongest prognostic predictors for disease-free survival (tumor recurrence)
      and for cause-specific and overall survival in patients with head and neck
      squamous cell carcinoma. Neither p16 promoter hypermethylation nor apparent loss
      of p16 protein expression appears to be an independent prognostic factor,
      although loss of p16 protein may be used to predict overall patient survival in
      early-stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

PMID- 13679460
TI  - Interobserver reproducibility of MIB-1 labeling index in astrocytic tumors using
      different counting methods.
AB  - MIB-1 labeling index has been used as a complementary method to differentiate
      better and worse prognostic groups of astrocytic tumors. However, its
      reproducibility has been doubted because of the interlaboratory and interobserver
      variability. We studied the interobserver reproducibility of four manual counting
      methods of MIB-1 labeling index, including direct counting, area fraction, line
      intersection with a graticule, and line intersection without a graticule to
      estimate the total number of the cells. Using line intersection estimate, either
      with or without a graticule, yielded a worse result. Those MIB-1 labeling indices
      of astrocytomas were overlapping with those of anaplastic astrocytomas and
      glioblastomas. Besides, the intraclass correlation coefficient was smaller, and
      the coefficient of variation was greater than that attained when using a
      graticule and counting the total number of cells either directly or by area
      fraction estimate. The level of interobserver agreement using an MIB-1 labeling
      index cutoff value of 11.0 was moderate to substantial when applying the line
      intersection estimate, and it was almost perfect when applying the direct
      counting or the area-fraction estimate. The interobserver reproducibility and
      agreement of MIB-1 labeling index in astrocytic tumors were different depending
      on the counting methods. Direct counting with a graticule yielded the best
      result. Before establishing reference standards for staining and counting, the
      reproducibility of MIB-1 labeling index should be verified.

PMID- 13679461
TI  - Virtual reality demonstration of surgical specimens, including links to
      histologic features.
AB  - The demonstration of surgical specimens, whether using 35-mm slides or digital
      images, tends to consist of the sequential presentation of images. Current
      digital technology permits a more flexible and effective way of communication,
      with the opportunity to more easily "navigate" between different aspects of
      specimens. We demonstrate a "virtual reality" method, based on QuickTime VR
      technology, that permits the interactive review of a complete profile of surgical
      specimens in the horizontal plane. Specimens were placed individually on a
      circular rotating platform. Thirty-six images of each specimen were captured
      using a digital camera, with rotation of the platform at 10 degrees intervals.
      The images were transferred to a computer and processed using specialized
      software (VRWorx). Histologic images were separately captured from tissue
      sections on glass slides using a digital camera mounted on a microscope. The
      final product is viewed using the QuickTime Viewer software application. A 360
      degrees horizontal view of the specimens is achieved, with the capacity to
      actively rotate the specimen and to zoom in for closer review. Additionally, the
      user/presenter can click in predetermined "hot spots," which will open histologic
      images linked to those spots. This methodology, which uses readily available
      computer technology, helps provide a better three-dimensional understanding of
      surgical specimens and also a better correlation between gross and microscopic
      features.

PMID- 13679463
TI  - Kidney remodelling and scarring: the plasticity of cells.

PMID- 13679464
TI  - Macrophage heterogeneity in renal inflammation.

PMID- 13679465
TI  - The mechanisms underlying altered vascular resistance of glomerular afferent and
      efferent arterioles in diabetic nephropathy.

PMID- 13679466
TI  - Difficult blood pressure control: watch out for non-compliance!

PMID- 13679467
TI  - Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers: what
      to do if the serum creatinine and/or serum potassium concentration rises.

PMID- 13679468
TI  - Interleukin-10 (IL-10): an update on its relevance for cardiovascular risk.

PMID- 13679469
TI  - Transplantation tolerance: a journey from ignorance to memory.

PMID- 13679470
TI  - Stopping a medical research project for financial reasons.

PMID- 13679471
TI  - Aldosterone receptor blockade and the role of eplerenone: evolving perspectives.

PMID- 13679472
TI  - Cardiovascular complications in the diabetic patient with renal disease: an
      update in 2003.

PMID- 13679473
TI  - Strain differences in the development of hypertension and glomerular lesions
      induced by deoxycorticosterone acetate salt in mice.
AB  - BACKGROUND: The genetic background may exert important modifying effects on the
      course and severity of experimental kidney diseases in mice. We investigated its
      influence on the development of hypertension and renal injury following treatment
      with deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) salt in several mouse strains. METHODS:
      Four mouse strains were used for comparison: 129/Sv, C57BL/6 and F1 and F2
      intercrosses of 129/Sv x C57BL/6. Male mice were uninephrectomized and DOCA
      hypertension was induced for 6 weeks. DOCA animals and controls received 1% NaCl
      for drinking. Renal damage was evaluated following measurements of blood
      pressure, urine albumin and renal matrix expansion. RESULTS: DOCA-induced blood
      pressure increase, glomerulosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis and albuminuria were
      markedly higher in 129/Sv than in C57BL/6 mice. F1 and F2 intercrosses displayed
      intermediate blood pressure, glomerular and interstitial fibrosis comparable to
      C57BL/6 but albuminuria as high as 129/Sv mice. CONCLUSIONS: 129/Sv mice are more
      susceptible to the development of DOCA-induced high blood pressure and renal
      damage than C57BL/6 mice. Intercrosses of both strains show a complex and non
      uniform segregation of the susceptibility to DOCA-salt hypertension and
      nephrosclerosis.

PMID- 13679474
TI  - Beneficial and adverse renal and vascular effects of the vasopeptidase inhibitor
      omapatrilat in renovascular hypertensive rats.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Vasopeptidase inhibitors are a new class of compounds that inhibit
      both angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and neutral endopeptidase. This study
      determined whether treatment with the vasopeptidase inhibitor omapatrilat (OMA)
      produced different effects on renal and cardiovascular structure compared with
      inhibition of ACE by enalapril (ENP) in rats with two-kidney, one clip
      hypertension (2K1C). METHODS: Hypertensive 2K1C rats were randomized into four
      groups and studied for another 8 weeks: no treatment, OMA, ENP or ENP combined
      with the diuretic hydrochlorothiazide (ENP + HCTZ). Albuminuria, vascular and
      renal histology as well as glomerular expression of transforming growth factor
      beta (TGF-beta) were determined at the end of the experiment. RESULTS: OMA
      decreased blood pressure slightly better than ENP. However, combination of ENP
      with a diuretic lowered blood pressure equally effective as OMA. OMA was
      numerically more efficient in reducing cardiovascular and renal hypertensive
      changes compared with ENP. In contrast, the combination of ENP + HCTZ was as
      efficient as OMA. However, OMA lowered overexpression of TGF-beta in the non
      clipped kidney better than ENP or ENP +HCTZ. Antihypertensive therapy
      surprisingly decreased renal function as shown by increased plasma creatinine and
      urea and decreased creatinine clearance. CONCLUSION: OMA is marginally more
      potent compared with ENP alone in lowering blood pressure and preventing
      cardiovascular and renal injury. This effect may be due to slightly better blood
      pressure reduction because addition of HCTZ enhances the cardio- and
      nephroprotective capacity of ENP. In contrast, OMA reduces TGF-beta
      overexpression in the non-clipped kidney better than ENP or ENP + HCTZ.
      Therefore, vasopeptidase inhibition is not superior to ACE inhibition in the
      prevention of cardiovascular and renal damage Goldblatt hypertension.

PMID- 13679475
TI  - Sevelamer hydrochloride, a phosphate binder, protects against deterioration of
      renal function in rats with progressive chronic renal insufficiency.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Dietary phosphate restriction prevents renal function deterioration
      in animal models. This study examined whether sevelamer hydrochloride
      (Renagel(R); 'sevelamer' hereafter), a non-calcaemic phosphate binder could slow
      deterioration of renal function in rats with progressive renal insufficiency.
      METHODS: Wistar Kyoto male rats were singly injected with normal rabbit serum or
      rabbit anti-rat glomerular basement membrane serum. Three days later, rats were
      fed a powder diet containing 0, 1 or 3% sevelamer for 58 days. Time course
      changes of serum levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, calcium,
      phosphorus and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were measured throughout, and creatinine
      clearance (CCr), kidney calcium content and renal histology examined at the end
      of the study. RESULTS: Sevelamer partially inhibited elevation of BUN and serum
      creatinine, and completely inhibited increases in serum phosphorus, PTH and
      calcium xphosphorus product. Sevelamer significantly prevented the decrease in
      CCr and kidney calcium content elevation. Kidney calcium content and BUN and
      serum creatinine were strongly positively correlated, and kidney calcium content
      and CCr strongly negatively correlated. Kidney calcium content correlated well
      with serum phosphorus, serum calcium x phosphorus product and PTH, but not serum
      calcium. Sevelamer treatment partly prevented histological deterioration of both
      glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions of the kidney. CONCLUSIONS: The results
      suggest that sevelamer protects against renal function deterioration by
      maintaining kidney calcium at a low level as a result of reducing serum
      phosphorus and PTH.

PMID- 13679476
TI  - A comparison between cystatin C, plasma creatinine and the Cockcroft and Gault
      formula for the estimation of glomerular filtration rate.
AB  - BACKGROUND: In clinical practice, the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is often
      estimated from plasma creatinine. Several studies have shown cystatin C (cys C)
      to be a better parameter for the diagnosis of impaired renal function. No data
      are available, however, on the performance of cys C in follow-up of patients,
      compared with creatinine. Also, comparisons of cys C with the Cockcroft and Gault
      (C&G) formula for estimation of GFR are few. METHODS: Plasma samples were
      obtained from 93 consecutive patients seen for GFR determination and from 30
      patients with diabetes mellitus type 2, of whom 23 were investigated a second
      time after 2 years. GFR was determined with [125I]iothalamate. Plasma creatinine
      was determined enzymatically and the creatinine clearance calculated according to
      C&G. Cys C was measured with a particle-enhanced immunonephelometric method.
      RESULTS: GFR correlated with 1/cys C (r = 0.873) as well as with C&G (r = 0.876).
      The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating curves (ROCs), a measure
      of diagnostic accuracy, for cys C (0.931) and C&G (0.938) were equal (P = 0.815)
      and both better than the creatinine AUC (0.848; P = 0.006). Bland and Altman
      analysis showed that the simple formula GFR = -4.32 + 80.35 x 1/cys C, derived
      from our data, gave more accurate (P < 0.0001) and more precise (P = 0.024) GFR
      estimates than obtained with the C&G formula. The day-to-day variation
      (biological +analytical) for cys C was small (3.1%, SD 2.51%) in diabetic
      patients. In the follow-up study in diabetic patients, cys C was the parameter
      which had the best correlation (r = 0.66) with changes in GFR. CONCLUSIONS: Cys C
      shows a high correlation with GFR. With a very simple formula, cys C gives a good
      estimate of GFR, more accurate and precise than C&G. Because biological variation
      is low, cys C gives also a good assessment of GFR changes during follow-up. Cys C
      is the preferred endogenous parameter for GFR.

PMID- 13679477
TI  - Influence of ACE (I/D) and G460W polymorphism of alpha-adducin in autosomal
      dominant polycystic kidney disease.
AB  - BACKGROUND: The deleterious effect of the DD genotype of ACE in autosomal
      dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) remains controversial. Small sample
      size, population admixture and lack of consideration of parameters modulating the
      effects of ACE genotype, such as gender or alpha-adducin (ADD) genotype, might
      explain the discrepancy. METHODS: We investigated the effect of ACE (I/D)
      polymorphism on the age at end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in a homogeneous
      population of 191 ADPKD patients, according to gender and genotype for the G460W
      polymorphism of ADD. Cumulative renal survival was assessed in 276 patients from
      the same families. RESULTS: Though no effect was detected in the whole
      population, analysis of the male subset (n = 97) showed that patients harbouring
      the DD genotype of ACE had a 5-year lower mean age at ESRD than DI + II patients
      [47.8 +/- 1.8 (n = 31) vs 52.8 +/- 1.1 (n = 66), respectively] (P = 0.02).
      Furthermore, cumulative renal survival was lower in the corresponding pedigrees
      [47 +/- 1 years, 95% confidence interval (CI) 45-49, vs 51 +/- 1 years, 95% CI 48
      54]. The G460W polymorphism of ADD had no effect on the age at ESRD and
      cumulative renal survival, either alone or in combination with the ACE (I/D)
      polymorphism. CONCLUSIONS: In this large series of ADPKD patients, we found no
      effect of the ACE (I/D) polymorphism on the age at ESRD, either alone or in
      combination with the G460W polymorphism of ADD. However, a deleterious effect of
      the DD genotype of ACE on renal disease progression was observed in ADPKD males.

PMID- 13679478
TI  - Prognosis in proliferative lupus nephritis: the role of socio-economic status and
      race/ethnicity.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Studies of proliferative lupus nephritis (PLN) suggest that African
      Americans have a poorer prognosis than Whites. However, no study has
      simultaneously examined socio-economic status. We studied rates of progression of
      PLN among a tri-ethnic population with respect to socio-economic status and
      race/ethnicity. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was carried out using
      individual and census-based neighbourhood data. Consecutive patients in urban
      tertiary care centres with biopsy-proven PLN were studied. The main outcome was
      time to doubling of serum creatinine. RESULTS: Among 128 patients with PLN, the
      percentage of patients who did not double their serum creatinine at 5 years was
      67.0% (+/-4.8%) and at 10 years was 58.9% (+/-5.7%). In bivariate analyses,
      residence in a poor neighbourhood was positively associated with progression (P =
      0.03), as was African-American and Hispanic race/ethnicity (P = 0.01). Residence
      in a poor neighbourhood remained associated with progression of disease after
      adjustment for age, sex, creatinine, hypertension, cyclophosphamide treatment and
      race/ethnicity [relative risk (RR) 3.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-11, P =
      0.03]. After adjustment for poverty and insurance, the RR for African-American
      race/ethnicity was reduced from 3.5 to 2.7 and was not statistically associated
      with progression of disease in the full model (P = 0.10). A similar reduction in
      RR from 5.5 to 3.6 was seen for Hispanic race/ethnicity, but this retained
      statistical significance (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Poverty is an important risk
      factor for progression of PLN, independent of race/ethnicity. Hispanics have an
      elevated risk similar to or greater than African-Americans. Given these findings,
      some of the poorer prognosis of African-American patients with PLN may result
      from socio-economic rather than biological or genetic factors.

PMID- 13679479
TI  - The rate of progression of renal disease may not be slower in women compared with
      men: a patient-level meta-analysis.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Some studies suggest that progression of renal disease is slower in
      women than in men. However, other factors that are also associated with
      progression of renal disease have not always been taken into account. Therefore,
      we undertook this analysis to explore the independent association of renal
      disease progression with gender. METHODS: We analysed a pooled database of
      patients with non-diabetic renal disease enrolled in 11 randomized controlled
      trials evaluating the efficacy of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
      (ACEIs) for slowing renal disease progression. The primary end point was the
      combined outcome of doubling of baseline serum creatinine or onset of end-stage
      renal disease (ESRD). The secondary end point was the onset of ESRD alone. We
      performed multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis to study the
      independent effect of gender on these end points after adjusting for baseline
      patient characteristics, and changes from baseline to follow-up systolic blood
      pressure (SBP) and urine protein (UP) excretion. RESULTS: The total number of
      patients was 1860: 645 (35%) females and 1215 (65%) males. Mean duration of
      follow-up was 2.2 years. The proportions randomized to ACEI (51%), mean baseline
      serum creatinine (2.2 mg/dl) and mean age (52 years) were similar for both
      genders. Mean baseline SBP was greater in women than in men: 151 vs 147 mmHg (P <
      0.001). Mean baseline UP was significantly lower in women compared with men: 1.3
      vs 2.1 g/day (P < 0.001). A total of 311 (16.7%) patients developed the primary
      end point, and 176 (9.5%) developed the secondary end point. The unadjusted
      relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for the primary end point in
      women vs men was 0.98 (0.77-1.24). It became 1.32 (1.03-1.69) after adjusting for
      the baseline variables and interaction between ACEIs and baseline UP, and 1.36
      (1.06-1.75) after adjusting for baseline variables and changes in SBP and UP
      during follow-up. Similar results were found for the outcome of ESRD.
      CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the rate of renal disease progression may
      not be slower, and may even be faster in women compared with men, after adjusting
      for other factors associated with a faster rate of progression. We caution that
      most women in our database were of post-menopausal age, and thus our findings may
      not extend to younger women.

PMID- 13679480
TI  - Pulse cyclophosphamide inadequately suppresses reoccurrence of minimal change
      nephrotic syndrome in corticoid-dependent children.
AB  - BACKGROUND: In minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MNCS), the most common primary
      nephrotic syndrome in children, approximately 95% of cases show excellent
      responses to steroid therapy. However, responding patients may become steroid
      dependent and experience serious side effects. Although oral cyclophosphamide has
      been recommended in these patients, long-term side effects such as gonadal
      toxicity are an important concern. Therefore, cyclophosphamide pulses given
      intravenously may provide an option that maintains remission with less-frequent
      side effects. METHODS: We treated 20 primary steroid-dependent MCNS patients (15
      boys and five girls) with intravenous cyclophosphamide. The patients were
      children with ages ranging from 3 to 15 years of age. Remission was induced by
      steroids followed by cyclophosphamide at a dose of 500 mg/m2 body surface area
      per month for 6 months. During this period, we attempted to completely withdraw
      steroids and maintain patients on cyclophosphamide alone. We monitored the
      patients for the occurrence of relapse and side effects during this period and
      for an additional 6 months after withdrawal of cyclophosphamide. RESULTS: At the
      end of the 6-month cyclophosphamide treatment period (i.e. 4 months after steroid
      discontinuation), nine patients (45%) were in remission on cyclophosphamide
      alone. However, patients that maintained treatment-free remission
      (cyclophosphamide responders) decreased to five (25%), two (10%) and one (5%) at
      6 months, 1 year and 2 years, respectively. CONCLUSION: We found that a 6-month
      course of pulse cyclophosphamide produced unfavourable effects in the majority of
      paediatric patients with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome.

PMID- 13679481
TI  - An economic evaluation of irbesartan in the treatment of patients with type 2
      diabetes, hypertension and nephropathy: cost-effectiveness of Irbesartan in
      Diabetic Nephropathy Trial (IDNT) in the Belgian and French settings.
AB  - BACKGROUND: In the Irbesartan in Diabetic Nephropathy Trial (IDNT), treatment
      with irbesartan demonstrated 23 and 20% reductions in the combined endpoint of
      doubling of serum creatinine (DSC), end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or death in
      patients with hypertension, type 2 diabetes and overt nephropathy compared with
      amlodipine and control, respectively. A simulation model was developed to project
      long-term cost consequences of the IDNT in Belgium and France. METHODS: A Markov
      model simulated progression from nephropathy to DSC, ESRD and death in patients
      with hypertension, type 2 diabetes and overt nephropathy. Treatment-specific
      probabilities were derived from IDNT. Country-specific ESRD-related data were
      retrieved from published sources. Delay in onset of ESRD, life expectancy and
      mean lifetime costs were calculated for patients with a baseline age of 59 years.
      Future costs were discounted at 3% per annum (p.a.), and clinical benefits were
      discounted at 0 and 3% p.a. Extensive sensitivity analyses were performed.
      RESULTS: Onset of ESRD was delayed with irbesartan by 1.41 and 1.35 years vs
      amlodipine and control, respectively. When a 10-year time horizon was considered,
      delay in ESRD onset led to anticipated improvements in life expectancy of 0.13
      years vs amlodipine and 0.26 years vs control. Irbesartan was associated with
      cost savings of 14 949 and 9205/patient in Belgium, and 20 128 and 13 337 in
      France, vs amlodipine and control, respectively. The results were robust under a
      wide range of plausible assumptions. CONCLUSIONS: Treating patients with
      hypertension, type 2 diabetes and overt nephropathy using irbesartan was both
      cost- and life-saving compared with amlodipine and control.

PMID- 13679482
TI  - The influence of uraemia and haemodialysis on neutrophil phagocytosis and
      antimicrobial killing.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Neutrophil functions in haemodialysis (HD) patients are altered by
      uraemia and by HD procedure. We investigated details of the neutrophil
      dysfunction as its nature and origin is not well understood. This is reflected by
      conflicting results about neutrophil phagocytosis activity and by scarce data on
      the neutrophil killing capability in HD patients. METHODS: Using a flow
      cytometric test system we have measured simultaneously phagocytosis and the
      production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) of neutrophils and in parallel
      antimicrobial killing of yeast by neutrophils. 117 whole-blood samples of healthy
      controls and 50 pre- and 50 post-dialysis samples of HD patients, half of them
      with diabetes mellitus (DM), have been evaluated. We have constructed a model to
      account for the dependence on the stimulus-to-cell ratio and obtain means for
      phagocytosis and killing at different incubation times. RESULTS: (i) HD patients
      have significantly lower neutrophil killing (20%) than healthy controls. (ii)
      Dialysis improves the killing capability by 10-15%, after dialysis the killing
      activity remains significantly (10%) below that of the controls. (iii) The
      percentage of neutrophils, which exhibit phagocytosis and produce ROS, does not
      differ significantly between HD patients and healthy controls. (iv) Age has no
      significant influence on phagocytosis and killing. CONCLUSION: The neutrophil
      killing capability is reduced in HD patients while the amount of neutrophils that
      phagocyte and produce ROS remains unchanged. Functional impairment of uraemic
      neutrophils is therefore mainly a result of their reduced capability to kill
      microorganisms intracellularly.

PMID- 13679483
TI  - Atrophy of non-locomotor muscle in patients with end-stage renal failure.
AB  - BACKGROUND: All previous histological studies of skeletal muscles of patients
      with renal failure have used locomotor muscle biopsies. It is thus unclear to
      what degree the observed abnormalities are due to the uraemic state and how much
      is due to disuse. The present study was undertaken to attempt to investigate this
      question by examining a non-locomotor muscle (rectus abdominis) in patients with
      end-stage renal failure. METHODS: Biopsies from rectus abdominis were obtained
      from 22 renal failure patients (RFPs) undergoing surgical Tenchkoff catheter
      implantation for peritoneal dialysis and 20 control subjects undergoing elective
      abdominal surgery. Histochemical staining of frozen sections and morphometric
      analysis was used to estimate the proportion of each fibre type, muscle fibre
      area and capillary density. Myosin heavy chain composition was examined by SDS
      PAGE. RESULTS: There were no differences in fibre type distribution between RFPs
      and controls. All RFPs showed fibre atrophy [mean cross-sectional area (CSA) 3300
      +/- 1100 microm2, compared to 4100 +/- 1100 microm2 in controls (P < 0.05)]. All
      fibre types were smaller in mean CSA in RFPs than in controls (15, 26 and 28% for
      types I, IIa and IIx, respectively). These differences could not be accounted for
      by differences in age, gender or cardiovascular or diabetic comorbidity. Muscle
      fibre capillarization, expressed as capillaries per fibre or capillary contacts
      per fibre, was significantly less in RFPs. CONCLUSIONS: Since a non-locomotor
      muscle was examined, the effects of disuse as a cause of atrophy have been
      minimized. It is likely, therefore, that the decreased muscle fibre CSA and
      capillary density of RFPs compared to controls were due predominantly to uraemia
      itself.

PMID- 13679484
TI  - Prediction of time-averaged concentration of haemoglobin in haemodialysis
      patients.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Haemoglobin (Hb) concentration is not stable in most haemodialysis
      patients due to ultrafiltration-induced haemoconcentration. Pre-dialysis Hb
      concentrations might therefore significantly deviate from the time-averaged
      concentration (Hb-tac) which is more likely to represent the patients 'true' Hb.
      This study was performed to quantify these differences in our chronic
      haemodialysis population and to develop a formula for prediction of Hb-tac.
      METHODS: In 55 stable patients, serial blood samples were taken over a period of
      2 weeks before and immediately after each haemodialysis as well as 30 min post
      haemodialysis to account for post-dialytic fluid rebound. Hb-tac was calculated
      for every patient from the area under the time-dependent Hb curve. We compared
      the differences between Hb-tac and pre-dialysis Hb (Hb-pre) and various
      prediction formulae for Hb-tac generated by multiple linear regression analysis
      which included Hb-pre and post-dialysis Hb (Hb-post) and/or ultrafiltration rate
      (UFR). RESULTS: Mean Hb-pre after the long dialysis interval was significantly
      lower than after the short interval (11.47 vs 11.85 g/dl, P < 0.0001), both
      underestimating mean Hb-tac (11.97 g/dl). More interestingly, Hb-pre after the
      long interval deviated >0.5 g/dl from Hb-tac in 50% of measurements. After the
      short interval, 20% still lay outside this tolerance range. The best formula to
      predict Hb-tac was Hb-pre x 0.5 + Hb-post x 0.38 + 1.28 (6% outside +/- 0.5
      g/dl). Hb-pre +(Hb-post - Hb-pre)/3 may be used for quick estimation of Hb-tac.
      CONCLUSIONS: Hb-tac can be predicted from pre- and post-dialysis blood samples
      after the short interval, using a simple new formula. Because Hb-tac more
      reliably reflects a 'true' Hb level of haemodialysis patients, it represents a
      potentially useful tool for future scientific and clinical work.

PMID- 13679485
TI  - Increased platelet-monocyte aggregates and cardiovascular disease in end-stage
      renal failure patients.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity
      and mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease. This excess morbidity
      cannot be entirely explained by well-recognized conventional and novel risk
      factors alone, and occurs irrespective of dialysis modality. Recent evidence
      suggests that the activation of platelets and their interaction with circulating
      cells are important independent risk factors for atherosclerosis in non-uraemic
      patients. We therefore studied platelet activation and circulating platelet
      leucocyte aggregates in stable patients without evidence of cardiovascular
      disease on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and haemodialysis and
      investigated an association with cardiovascular events. METHODS:
      Immunofluorescent flow cytometry was used to measure the percentage of P-selectin
      (CD62P) positive platelets, the percentage of platelet-neutrophil and platelet
      monocyte aggregates, and the expression of the P-selectin ligand, P-selectin
      glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1, CD162) on leucocytes in haemodialysis and CAPD
      patients and normal controls. The platelet count and the mean platelet component
      (MPC, a measure of platelet activation) were determined on the ADVIATM 120
      Haematology System (Bayer, NY). RESULTS: Platelet activation as assessed by MPC
      or CD62P expression was significantly increased in haemodialysis but not CAPD
      patients compared with controls. Circulating platelet-monocyte aggregates were
      significantly increased in parallel with a significant reduction in PSGL-1
      expression on monocytes in both patient groups compared with normal controls. The
      presence of higher platelet-monocyte aggregates in dialysis patients was
      associated with increased cardiovascular events. CONCLUSION: We describe
      increased platelet-monocyte aggregates with reduced leucocyte PSGL-1 expression
      in patients with end-stage renal disease irrespective of dialysis modality,
      associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. These findings may
      suggest a novel mechanism by which accelerated atherosclerosis occurs in uraemic
      patients.

PMID- 13679486
TI  - Optimal anticoagulation strategy in haemodialysis with heparin-coated
      polyacrylonitrile membrane.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Binding of polycationic unfractionated heparin onto the modified AN69
      polyacrylonitrile membrane, whose surface electronegativity has been neutralized
      by layering polyethyleneimine (AN69ST), produces stable coating. We investigated
      whether the heparin-coated membrane was suitable for regular haemodialysis with
      low heparin doses. METHODS: Sheep were instrumented for extracorporeal
      circulation perfusing a dialyser equipped with either the AN69ST or the original
      AN69 membrane. Dialysis sessions were performed after priming the dialyser with
      heparinized saline. The session was conducted without systemic administration of
      heparin. In chronic haemodialysis patients, the AN69ST membrane was tested for
      safety, clotting and thrombin generation according to protocols of 4-h
      haemodialysis sessions with tapered heparin doses. The goal was to define optimal
      heparin requirements with the heparin-coated membrane in the setting of
      continuous or intermittent administration of heparin. Both unfractionated and low
      molecular weight heparin (LMWH) (enoxaparin) were tested. RESULTS: In sheep,
      systemic heparin-free haemodialysis was conducted for 6 h without clotting using
      the heparin-coated dialyser. In the same conditions, massive clotting was
      observed within 90 min of dialysis with the native AN69 membrane. In man, through
      kinetic measurements of activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), heparin
      anti-Xa concentration and thrombin-anti-thrombin complexes levels (TAT),
      significant dialyser clotting was avoided when APTT and anti-Xa concentration at
      180 min of dialysis, were maintained at >40 s and >0.2 IU/ml, respectively. With
      the AN69ST heparin-coated membrane, thrombin generation was reduced then
      suppressed, as compared with the original AN69, primed in the same conditions.
      Safety of haemodialysis conducted with the AN69ST heparin-coated membrane and low
      doses of unfractionated heparin (50% reduction of the reference dose) was
      validated by a survey of 2590 sessions in 32 patients. Doses of LMWH were also
      safely reduced by 50%. In addition, haemodialysis without systemic administration
      of heparin was possible with minor risk of clotting. CONCLUSION: During the
      rinsing phase, the ionic interactions between the new AN69ST polyacrylonitrile
      membrane and unfractionated heparin induce stable heparin coating. This allows a
      significant reduction of systemic anticoagulant requirements without increasing
      the risk of clotting, both in the experimental setting and in the chronic
      haemodialysis patients. Further studies are required to assess this advantage in
      patients with acute renal failure and at risk of bleeding and to reduce the
      metabolic consequences of long-term treatment with heparin.

PMID- 13679487
TI  - Effects of biofilm formation on haemodialysis monitor disinfection.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Biofilms are composed of communities of micro-organisms adhering to
      essentially any surface. We evaluated whether biofilm formation in the hydraulic
      circuit of a purposely contaminated haemodialysis monitor would modify the
      efficacy of different disinfection modalities against bacteria and endotoxin
      concentrations. METHODS: A water-borne Pseudomonas aeruginosa (109) suspension
      was recirculated for 1 h and was left standing for 72 h (stationary phase) in the
      hydraulic circuit of the monitor. The monitor was then washed and disinfected by
      different physical (heat, 85 degrees C) or chemical (hypochlorite or peracetic
      acid) disinfection modalities (protocol A). In protocol B, the bacterial
      suspension was also recirculated for 1 h, but the monitor was then immediately
      washed and disinfected by different chemical disinfection modalities
      (hypochlorite or peracetic acid). RESULTS: Biofilm formation was revealed by
      scanning and confocal laser electron microscopy after the stationary phase
      (protocol A), but was absent when the monitor was immediately washed and
      disinfected (protocol B). In the presence of biofilm (protocol A), heat in
      association with citric acid was the most effective modality for reducing both
      colony forming units and endotoxin concentrations, whereas heat by itself was the
      least effective method of disinfection. Dwelling (60 h) with diluted peracetic
      acid completely prevented the formation of biofilm. In the absence of biofilm
      (protocol B), chemical disinfection proved to be effective against both colony
      forming units and endotoxin concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: We found that biofilm
      formation may markedly reduce the efficacy of presently available disinfection
      modalities. Therefore, different disinfection modalities and the combined action
      of descaling (by citric acid) and disinfection (physical/chemical agents) should
      be used periodically in haemodialysis monitors. In addition, dwelling with
      diluted peracetic acid should be adopted whenever monitors are not in use.

PMID- 13679488
TI  - Risk factors for increased variability in dialysis delivery in haemodialysis
      patients.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Numerous events may occur during a haemodialysis session, leading to
      variation in the quantity of dialysis received. The purpose of this study was to
      identify risk factors for variability in haemodialysis delivery. METHODS:
      Variability in dialysis delivery was expressed by the coefficient of variation
      (CV%) and calculated for the volume of blood processed (VBP) for all treatments
      and the monthly urea reduction ratio (URR) in each patient over an 8 month
      period. The univariate and multivariate relationships between various predictor
      variables and the URR and VBP CV% were determined. RESULTS: Eighty-nine patients
      were identified who met study criteria. The mean VBP and URR CV% were 10.3 +/-
      4.7 and 5.4 +/- 3.8%, respectively. Patients with tunnelled catheters and total
      nursing-care patients had higher VBP and URR CV%, as evaluated by multivariate
      analysis. Patients with inadequate dialysis (mean URR <65%) had a higher VBP CV%
      than those patients with mean URR values > or =65% (14.8 +/- 5.4 vs 9.7 +/- 4.5%;
      P = 0.01). An accurate determination of the URR in 90% of patients required 14
      measurements in patients with catheters vs three and two measurements in
      arteriovenous fistulae and polytetrafluoroethylene grafts, respectively.
      CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that the use of a venous tunnelled catheter
      and dialysis in a total nursing-care unit were the only factors independently
      associated with greater variability in both VBP and URR. Attention to individual
      dialysis sessions in patients with tunnelled catheters or in a total nursing-care
      unit is prudent, particularly when identifying reasons for under-dialysis.

PMID- 13679489
TI  - A timesaving method to create a fixed puncture route for the buttonhole
      technique.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Up to now, for a successful buttonhole puncture of the vascular
      access vessel, the fistula should be punctured by the same experienced medical
      staff for 2-3 months, using sharp needles, until a fixed puncture route is
      established. METHODS: We developed a timesaving method to create the fixed
      puncture route for the buttonhole technique. In this method, after the usual
      haemodialysis (HD), a newly developed thumbtack-shaped polycarbonate peg is
      thrust toward the access vessel along the same path as the puncture needle that
      has just been removed. Then, at the beginning of the next HD, the peg is removed
      and a dull puncture needle is inserted along the track already formed by the peg
      left in place. These steps are repeated at each HD session for 14 days.
      Thereafter, the vascular access is achieved at HD sessions by inserting a dull
      puncture needle through the established puncture route. RESULTS: This buttonhole
      puncture approach was used in 37 patients for 3 months. While the polycarbonate
      peg was in place, patients experienced no restrictions in their normal activities
      of daily living, except during bathing and showering. As for puncture pain, no
      patient found the pain of the buttonhole technique to be greater than that of the
      conventional puncture technique. Moreover, no significant bleeding was noted
      during HD. With this buttonhole puncture approach, only one patient had enough
      erythema at the puncture site to suggest possible infection. After HD, the time
      for bleeding to stop was <10 min in 95% of patients. CONCLUSION: This study
      showed the new timesaving method for creating a buttonhole to be safe and useful.

PMID- 13679490
TI  - Costs of dialysis for elderly people in the UK.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Growing acceptance rates of elderly patients for dialysis requires a
      careful planning of renal services expansion. As little is known about the actual
      resource use in patients 70 years and over, we evaluated the entire range of
      costs related to treatment, hospitalization, medication and other health and
      social service use, and assessed the impact of socio-demographic and clinical
      factors on costs. METHODS: Service use and costs were assessed in a 12-month
      prospective cohort study of 171 dialysis patients, 70 years of age and over, from
      four hospital-based renal units in London, UK. RESULTS: Total costs ranged
      between 14,940 pounds and 58,250 pounds per annum. The average annual cost was
      22,740 pounds [95% confidence interval (CI), 21,470-24,020 pounds]. The majority
      of costs were allocated to dialysis treatment and transport (70%),
      hospitalizations (12%) and medication (12%). Other health and social services
      accounted for only 6% of total costs. Dialysis and hospitalization costs were
      pound 68.4 per day on average. Univariate subgroup analyses showed no significant
      difference between patients on peritoneal dialysis (64.5 pounds) and
      haemodialysis (71.5 pounds, P = 0.13). Age 80 years and over and presence of
      peripheral vascular disease (PVD) were associated with higher daily costs of 73.3
      pounds compared with 63.2 pounds in the 70-74 age group (P = 0.033) and 76.9
      pounds vs 63.8 pounds in patients without PVD (P = 0.022), respectively.
      Proximity to death was associated with a nearly pound 40 increase in daily costs
      (96.8 vs 59.7 pounds; P < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analyses confirmed
      these findings and showed that age 80 years and over and presence of peripheral
      and cerebrovascular disease were significant predictors of costs. There was a
      large but marginally significant difference in costs in patients with cancer. We
      found no evidence that diabetes was associated with higher dialysis and
      hospitalization costs. CONCLUSIONS: The costs of providing dialysis for patients
      70 years and over are largely shaped by the treatment costs rather than by use of
      community health and social services. Though age above 80 and co-morbidity are
      associated with increased resource use, average treatment costs are not higher
      than estimates for dialysis patients in general. This suggests that there is no
      case for providing treatment to younger patients and denying it to elderly
      patients on grounds of cost.

PMID- 13679491
TI  - Inferior vena cava diameter determines left ventricular geometry in continuous
      ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients: an echocardiographic study.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Changes in left ventricular (LV) geometry are frequent in patients
      with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Geometric adaptation of LV
      to various stimuli was reported to have adverse prognosis. This study aimed to
      identify independent risk factors, which contribute to the development of LV
      geometric remodelling in CAPD patients. METHODS: The left ventricles of 69 CAPD
      patients were classified echocardiographically into four different geometric
      patterns on the basis of LV mass and relative wall thickness. With respect to
      volume factor, we measured inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter and its decrease on
      deep inspiration [collapsibility index (CI)] by echocardiography. We modelled a
      stepwise multiple regression analysis to determine the predictors of LV geometry.
      RESULTS: All four geometric models of LV were identified in our group of 69 CAPD
      patients. Eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy (eLVH) was observed in 32 (46%),
      concentric LVH (cLVH) in 19 (28%), normal geometry (NG) in 10 (14%) and
      concentric remodelling (CR) in eight (12%) CAPD patients. Mean IVC index of the
      eLVH group (10.72 +/- 2.19 mm/m(2)) was significantly higher than corresponding
      indexes of NG (7.90 +/- 1.54 mm/m(2)), CR (8.51 +/- 1.28 mm/m(2)) and cLVH (8.04
      +/- 2.00 mm/m(2)) groups (P < 0.001 for each comparisons). The eLVH group also
      had significantly lower mean CI value (0.48 +/- 0.11) than CR (0.58 +/- 0.09) and
      cLVH (0.57 +/- 0.07) groups (ANOVA P = 0.008). Stepwise multiple regression
      analysis revealed that IVC index, CI and haemoglobin were the independent
      predictors of LV geometric stratification (R2 = 0.36, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION:
      Hypervolaemia, identified by IVC index and CI, and anaemia contribute
      independently to LV geometry in CAPD patients. Echocardiography as a non-invasive
      tool is not only useful to determine LV geometry, but also to assess the volume
      status of CAPD patients.

PMID- 13679492
TI  - Is malnutrition an independent predictor of mortality in peritoneal dialysis
      patients?
AB  - BACKGROUND: It has been established that malnutrition (MN) is a strong predictor
      of mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. However, MN is often the
      consequence of co-morbid diseases (CMD), and the confounding effect of CMD on
      mortality in malnourished PD patients has not been clearly defined. In this
      study, we tested the hypothesis that MN without CMD may not be associated with
      significant mortality. This study was, therefore, designed to dissociate the
      influence of CMD on mortality in PD patients from that of MN. METHODS: A total of
      153 consecutive PD patients (88 males, mean age 53.3 +/- 12.3 years) were
      included in this study. All underwent initial assessment of nutrition, CMD survey
      and peritoneal equilibration test at a mean of 7 days (range 3-24 days) after
      beginning PD. Nutritional status was assessed by subjective global assessment
      (SGA) and other methods. CMD surveyed included diabetes, cardiovascular disease,
      liver disease and respiratory disease, and co-morbidity was graded by Davies
      index. Based on the nutritional status as assessed by SGA and presence of CMD,
      patients were divided into four groups; MN with (n = 50) or without (n = 14) CMD,
      and normal nutrition (NN) with (n = 53) or without (n = 36) CMD. RESULTS: Of 153
      patients, 64 (41.8%) were malnourished and 103 (67.3%) had one or more CMD. Of
      the 103 patients with CMD, 48.5% had MN, and 78% of the 64 patients with MN had
      CMD. Patients with MN and CMD were older and had lower initial serum albumin
      (sAlb), serum creatinine, fat-free oedema-free body mass, percentage lean body
      mass and SGA score and higher initial dialysate/plasma creatinine concentration
      ratio at 4 h dwell (D4/P4 Cr) and co-morbidity score. On Kaplan-Meier analysis, 2
      year patient survival was significantly lower in patients with MN and CMD than in
      the other groups (63.1, 90.9, 87.5 and 96.4% for subgroups with both MN and CMD,
      MN without CMD, NN with CMD and NN without CMD, respectively, P = 0.001). On Cox
      proportional hazards analysis, age, co-morbidity score and D4/P4 Cr, but not SGA
      score or sAlb concentration, were found to be independent risk factors for
      mortality. After adjustment for age, gender, sAlb, residual renal function and
      D4/P4 Cr, patients with both MN and CMD had a risk of mortality that was 3.3
      times that of patients with MN but without CMD (risk ratio 9.01 vs 2.72).
      Patients with MN without CMD had a risk ratio of 2.72 compared with NN without
      CMD, but this difference was not statistically significant. In patients with NN
      and CMD, the risk ratio for mortality was five times that of patients with NN
      without CMD. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that there is a high prevalence
      of MN and CMD at the start of PD and that the combined presence of CMD and MN is
      associated with high mortality. MN alone is associated with a statistically
      insignificant increase in mortality. This underlines the importance of CMD as a
      cause of poor clinical outcome in malnourished PD patients. However, in the
      present study, a relatively limited number of patients with MN but without CMD
      were analysed and a type two error therefore cannot be excluded.

PMID- 13679493
TI  - Kidney transplantation in children: impact of young recipient age on graft
      survival.
AB  - BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that recipient age may have an effect on renal
      graft survival due to its potential influence on the competence of the immune
      system. A comparison of graft survival between children and elderly adults,
      however, has never been performed. METHODS: Forty patients </=18 years old were
      included in the study group and compared with a control group of patients >/=65
      years using a case-control analysis. Apart from age, matching criteria were the
      number of HLA mismatches and the date of transplantation. RESULTS: The mean age
      differed by 57 years between study and control group (10 +/- 5 vs 67 +/- 2, P <
      0.001). There was no difference in the number of initially non-functioning
      grafts, sex distribution, immunosuppression, number of HLA mismatches on the HLA
      DR, -B and -A locus, cold ischaemia time and the number of patients with panel
      reactive antibodies. The only difference was a lower donor age in the study group
      (17 +/- 14 vs 35 +/- 16, P < 0.001) compared with the control group. During the
      follow-up of 109 +/- 54 and 79 +/- 49 months, respectively, acute rejections were
      more frequent in the study group (25 vs 12, P < 0.01). There was no significant
      difference in graft survival between both groups when death with functioning
      graft was excluded. CONCLUSIONS: This study which compares two groups of patients
      with a mean age difference of 57 years could not demonstrate an effect of young
      recipient age on graft survival, though the incidence of acute rejections
      appeared to be significantly higher in the paediatric population. Thus paediatric
      renal transplanted patients do not seem to have a disadvantage regarding graft
      survival due to their young recipient age.

PMID- 13679494
TI  - Amlodipine reduces cyclosporin-induced hyperuricaemia in hypertensive renal
      transplant recipients.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Hypertension and hyperuricaemia are common side-effects of
      cyclosporin A (CsA) treatment in renal transplant recipients. While it is well
      established that the calcium channel blocker amlodipine can control CsA-induced
      hypertension effectively in this patient population, recent evidence suggests
      amlodipine might also reduce hyperuricaemia. The present study was designed to
      compare the effects of the calcium channel blocker amlodipine (5-10 mg/day) and
      the beta-adrenoceptor antagonist tertatolol (5-10 mg/day) on CsA-induced
      hyperuricaemia in post-renal transplant recipients with hypertension. METHODS:
      Forty-eight hypertensive renal transplant recipients on a stable dose of CsA were
      randomized in a double-blind, parallel-group manner to receive either amlodipine
      (n = 24) or tertatolol (n = 24) for 60 days. The primary outcome measure was the
      change from baseline in serum uric acid concentration. Secondary analyses of
      efficacy were based on changes in renal function and blood pressure. RESULTS:
      Amlodipine significantly decreased serum uric acid levels from 483 +/- 99 to 431
      +/- 110 microM/l (P < 0.001), while tertatolol significantly increased uric acid
      from 450 +/- 98 to 476 +/-84 microM/l (P = 0.006). Amlodipine also significantly
      increased glomerular filtration rate (P = 0.0048) and the clearance rate of uric
      acid (P = 0.023) and it reduced the fractional proximal tubular reabsorption of
      sodium (P < 0.001), compared with tertatolol. Renal plasma flow and filtered
      fraction were unaffected by both treatments, as was trough CsA blood
      concentration. Amlodipine lowered systolic blood pressure to a significantly
      greater extent than did tertatolol (P = 0.007). The time-dependent profile of
      diastolic blood pressure did not differ significantly between treatment groups.
      Both drugs were well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: Amlodipine could be more appropriate
      than tertatolol for CsA-induced hypertension and hyperuricaemia in renal
      transplant recipients.

PMID- 13679495
TI  - A 6-year prospective study on new onset diabetes mellitus, insulin release and
      insulin sensitivity in renal transplant recipients.
AB  - BACKGROUND: It is well known that both insulin resistance and insulin deficiency
      are involved in the pathogenesis of post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM), but
      the relative importance of the two different mechanisms is still under debate.
      The present prospective longitudinal study was performed over 6 years to
      investigate the impact of impaired insulin secretion (ISec) and insulin
      sensitivity (IS) in the development of PTDM in renal transplant recipients.
      METHODS: A total of 95 non-diabetic patients underwent a 75 g oral glucose
      tolerance test (OGTT) 10 weeks post-transplant. Six years later, 63 of these
      recipients were re-examined, the majority (n = 58) with an OGTT. Fasting, 1- and
      2-h insulin and glucose levels were measured and used to estimate the insulin
      secretory response and IS both at baseline and at follow-up. RESULTS: The
      proportion of recipients with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) rose from 46%
      (baseline) to 65% (follow-up) (P = 0.008), and median fasting and 2-h serum
      glucose were reduced by 0.7 mmol/l (P < 0.001) and 1.3 mmol/l (P = 0.039),
      respectively. The recipients with PTDM at follow-up had a significant decline in
      the estimated median first and second phase ISec (-58 and -47%, respectively, P =
      0.005 for both). The patients who normalized their glucose tolerance from PTDM or
      IGT at baseline to NGT at follow-up increased their IS significantly (68%, P =
      0.002) without significant alterations in ISec. CONCLUSIONS: Impaired ISec seems
      to be the dominant mechanism in the development of PTDM after renal
      transplantation. In contrast, normalization of glucose intolerance is associated
      with improved IS.

PMID- 13679496
TI  - The antiproteinuric effect of losartan is systemic blood pressure dependent.
AB  - BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that high doses of angiotensin II receptor
      antagonists (AIIAs) may reduce proteinuria by a non-haemodynamic action
      additional to their effect on systemic blood pressure. METHODS: We tested this
      for the AIIA losartan using a prospective single-blind randomized design in
      patients with proteinuria (>1 g/24 h) due to non-diabetic chronic renal failure
      (stable creatinine clearance >20 ml/min) and mild to moderate hypertension
      (130/80 < blood pressure < 160/110 mmHg). Twenty-one patients were randomized
      into two groups: group A received losartan 50 mg daily for 4 weeks, then 100 mg
      daily for 4 weeks; group B received losartan 50 mg daily for 8 weeks. Twenty-four
      hour ambulatory blood pressure and renal parameters were measured at baseline and
      at 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: Overall there was a 7 +/- 2 mmHg fall
      (mean +/- SEM) in mean daytime systolic blood pressure at 4 weeks, and a 22 +/-
      7% fall in protein/creatinine ratio (both P < 0.05), with no difference between
      groups A and B or between 4 and 8 weeks. These two changes were highly correlated
      (r = 0.64, P = 0.006, taking both groups together). Changes in diastolic pressure
      and in night-time systolic pressure did not reach statistical significance.
      Changes in renal plasma flow (measured by Tc 99m MAGIII), glomerular filtration
      rate and filtration fraction (measured by 51Cr EDTA) did not reach statistical
      significance, did not differ between the two groups and did not correlate with
      effects on proteinuria. CONCLUSION: This study provides no evidence that the
      effect of losartan on proteinuria has a non-haemodynamic component.

PMID- 13679497
TI  - Outcome of kidney transplantation in autosomal dominant medullary cystic kidney
      disease type 1.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Autosomal dominant medullary cystic kidney disease (ADMCKD) is an
      inherited, distinct, chronic, tubulointerstitial, cystic-type nephropathy, often
      described together with juvenile nephronophthisis as a single disease complex
      (NPH-MCD). However, since the recent localization of two genes responsible for
      ADMCKD, namely MCKD1 and MCKD2, ADMCKD has gained independent status.
      Unfortunately, there appears to be a distinct lack of up-to-date information in
      the currently available medical literature concerning worldwide patient and graft
      survival after renal transplantation in ADMCKD. This report is based on all 41
      transplanted patients [19 suffering from autosomal dominant medullary cystic
      kidney disease type 1 (ADMCKD1) and 22 from other causes] who were referred for
      kidney transplantation from our centre in Pafos, Cyprus between 1976 and 2000.
      All patients had regular follow-up examinations. This report aims to present the
      results of kidney transplantation of the 19 ADMCKD1 patients and to compare them
      with those for the 22 non-ADMCKD patients. METHODS: Patient and graft survival
      times in both groups were recorded, analysed and compared 1 and 5 years post
      transplant. Patient and graft survival times were calculated according to the
      Kaplan-Meier method and some descriptive statistical comparisons were based on
      the chi(2)-test. RESULTS: The 1 year patient and graft survival rates for ADMCKD1
      (group A) were 100%, while the 5 year figures were 100% and 90%, respectively.
      For non-ADMCKD1 patients (group B) the 1 year figures were 95% for both
      parameters, while the 5 year figures were 93.3% for both parameters. There were
      no statistically significant differences in patient and graft survival times
      between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Kidney transplantation is the treatment of
      choice for patients suffering from ADMCKD, with an excellent outcome and no
      specific complications.

PMID- 13679498
TI  - Association between albuminuria and proteinuria in the general population: the
      AusDiab Study.
AB  - BACKGROUND: The relationship between urinary albumin and total protein excretion
      and the appropriateness of one test over the other are unclear due to the paucity
      of large epidemiological studies of albuminuria and proteinuria. In screening for
      renal and cardiovascular disease, whether to measure albuminuria, proteinuria or
      both, is currently an unanswered question. METHODS: Random urine samples from
      10,596 (94.2%) participants of the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle
      Study were tested for albuminuria (urine albumin:creatinine > or =30 mg/g) and
      proteinuria (urine protein:creatinine > or =0.20 mg/mg). This study was a
      representative sample of the national non-institutionalized population drawn from
      42 randomly selected urban and non-urban areas (census collector districts)
      across Australia. RESULTS: Among a representative cross-section of the Australian
      adult population, urine albumin excretion was strongly correlated with total
      protein excretion, particularly among the elderly, and those with diabetes
      mellitus, hypertension, obesity and renal impairment (P <0.001). Albuminuria
      performed well as a screening test for proteinuria: sensitivity 91.7% [95%
      confidence interval (CI) 87.7-94.5%], specificity 95.3% (95% CI 94.9-95.7%) and
      negative predictive value 99.8% (95% CI 99.7-99.9%). However, among those with
      proteinuria, 8% excreted albumin within the normal range. CONCLUSIONS: While
      albuminuria may be a suitable test for general population screening for renal and
      cardiovascular disease, it should not replace testing for proteinuria in those
      with known or suspected renal disease.

PMID- 13679499
TI  - Recovery of acute renal failure and nephrotic syndrome following autologous stem
      cell transplantation for primary (AL) amyloidosis.

PMID- 13679500
TI  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome in haemodialysis patients: a report of two
      cases.

PMID- 13679501
TI  - Treatment by haemodialysis in a case of adult-onset (type II) citrullinaemia in a
      Chinese patient with pulmonary tuberculosis.

PMID- 13679502
TI  - Osteolysis induced by AV-fistula in idiopathic carpotarsal osteolysis.

PMID- 13679503
TI  - Carbon dioxide as a valuable contrast agent for identifying iatrogenic
      arteriovenous fistulas in transplanted kidneys.

PMID- 13679504
TI  - A pregnant woman with de novo polyuria-polydipsia and elevated liver enzymes.

PMID- 13679505
TI  - Colchicum ad nauseum.

PMID- 13679506
TI  - Are plasma S-nitrosothiol levels elevated in chronic renal failure?

PMID- 13679507
TI  - Acute hydrothorax in a peritoneal dialysis patient: long-term efficacy of
      autologous blood cell pleurodesis associated with small-volume peritoneal
      exchanges.

PMID- 13679508
TI  - Acute renal failure and nephrotic syndrome associated with zafirlukast therapy.

PMID- 13679509
TI  - Tetrahymena telomerase is active as a monomer.
AB  - Telomerase is an enzyme that utilizes an internal RNA molecule as a template for
      the extension of chromosomal DNA ends. The catalytic core of telomerase consists
      of the RNA subunit and a protein reverse transcriptase subunit, known as
      telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT). It has previously been shown that both
      yeast and human telomerase can form dimers or multimers in which one RNA in the
      complex can influence the activity of another. To test the proposal that
      dimerization might be essential for telomerase activity, we sought to determine
      whether Tetrahymena thermophila telomerase is active as a dimer or a monomer.
      Recombinant Tetrahymena telomerase eluted from a gel filtration column at the
      size of a monomeric complex (one RNA plus one TERT), and those fractions showed
      processive telomerase activity. We were unable to detect dimerization of
      Tetrahymena telomerase by coprecipitation experiments, by using tags on either
      the TERT protein or telomerase RNA. Therefore, a majority, if not all, of the
      recombinant Tetrahymena telomerase in our reconstitution system is present as a
      monomeric complex. We were also unable to detect dimerization of native
      telomerase from mating and vegetative Tetrahymena cell extracts. These results
      demonstrate that Tetrahymena telomerase does not need to dimerize to be active
      and processive.

PMID- 13679510
TI  - Importin alpha/beta and Ran-GTP regulate XCTK2 microtubule binding through a
      bipartite nuclear localization signal.
AB  - The small GTPase Ran is essential for spindle assembly. Ran is proposed to act
      through its nuclear import receptors importin alpha and/or importin beta to
      control the sequestration of proteins necessary for spindle assembly. To date,
      the molecular mechanisms by which the Ran pathway functions remain unclear. Using
      purified proteins, we have reconstituted Ran-regulated microtubule binding of the
      C-terminal kinesin XCTK2, a kinesin important for spindle assembly. We show that
      the tail of XCTK2 binds to microtubules and that this binding is inhibited in the
      presence of importin alpha and beta (alpha/beta) and restored by addition of Ran
      GTP. The bipartite nuclear localization signal (NLS) in the tail of XCTK2 is
      essential to this process, because mutation of the NLS abolishes importin
      alpha/beta-mediated regulation of XCTK2 microtubule binding. Our data show that
      importin alpha/beta directly regulates the activity of XCTK2 and that one of the
      molecular mechanisms of Ran-regulated spindle assembly is identical to that used
      in classical NLS-driven nuclear transport.

PMID- 13679511
TI  - The annexin 2/S100A10 complex controls the distribution of transferrin receptor
      containing recycling endosomes.
AB  - The Ca2+- and lipid-binding protein annexin 2, which resides in a tight
      heterotetrameric complex with the S100 protein S100A10 (p11), has been implicated
      in the structural organization and dynamics of endosomal membranes. To elucidate
      the function of annexin 2 and S100A10 in endosome organization and trafficking,
      we used RNA-mediated interference to specifically suppress annexin 2 and S100A10
      expression. Down-regulation of both proteins perturbed the distribution of
      transferrin receptor- and rab11-positive recycling endosomes but did not affect
      uptake into sorting endosomes. The phenotype was highly specific and could be
      rescued by reexpression of the N-terminal annexin 2 domain or S100A10 in annexin
      2- or S100A10-depleted cells, respectively. Whole-mount immunoelectron microscopy
      of the aberrantly localized recycling endosomes in annexin 2/S100A10 down
      regulated cells revealed extensively bent tubules and an increased number of
      endosome-associated clathrin-positive buds. Despite these morphological
      alterations, the kinetics of transferrin uptake and recycling was not affected to
      a significant extent, indicating that the proper positioning of recycling
      endosomes is not a rate-limiting step in transferrin recycling. The phenotype
      generated by this transient loss-of-protein approach shows for the first time
      that the annexin 2/S100A10 complex functions in the intracellular positioning of
      recycling endosomes and that both subunits are required for this activity.

PMID- 13679512
TI  - Identification of novel recognition motifs and regulatory targets for the yeast
      actin-regulating kinase Prk1p.
AB  - Prk1p is a serine/threonine kinase involved in the regulation of the actin
      cytoskeleton organization in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Previously, we
      have identified LxxQxTG as the phosphorylation site of Prk1p. In this report, the
      recognition sequence for Prk1p is investigated more thoroughly. It is found that
      the presence of a hydrophobic residue at the position of P-5 is necessary for
      Prk1p phosphorylation and L, I, V, and M are all able to confer the
      phosphorylation at various efficiencies. The residue flexibility at P-2 has also
      been identified to include Q, N, T, and S. A homology-based three-dimensional
      model of the kinase domain of Prk1p provided some structural interpretations for
      these substrate specificities. The characterization of the
      [L/I/V/M]xx[Q/N/T/S]xTG motif led to the identification of a spectrum of
      potential targets for Prk1p from yeast genome. One of them, Scd5p, which contains
      three LxxTxTG motifs and is previously known to be important for endocytosis and
      actin organization, has been chosen to demonstrate its relationship with Prk1p.
      Phosphorylation of Scd5p by Prk1p at the three LxxTxTG motifs could be detected
      in vitro and in vivo, and deletion of PRK1 suppressed the defects in actin
      cytoskeleton and endocytosis in one of the scd5 mutants. These results allowed us
      to conclude that Scd5p is likely another regulatory target of Prk1p.

PMID- 13679513
TI  - Gangliosides that associate with lipid rafts mediate transport of cholera and
      related toxins from the plasma membrane to endoplasmic reticulm.
AB  - Cholera toxin (CT) travels from the plasma membrane of intestinal cells to the
      endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where a portion of the A-subunit, the A1 chain,
      crosses the membrane into the cytosol to cause disease. A related toxin, LTIIb,
      binds to intestinal cells but does not cause toxicity. Here, we show that the B
      subunit of CT serves as a carrier for the A-subunit to the ER where disassembly
      occurs. The B-subunit binds to gangliosides in lipid rafts and travels with the
      ganglioside to the ER. In many cells, LTIIb follows a similar pathway, but in
      human intestinal cells it binds to a ganglioside that fails to associate with
      lipid rafts and it is sorted away from the retrograde pathway to the ER. Our
      results explain why LTIIb does not cause disease in humans and suggest that
      gangliosides with high affinity for lipid rafts may provide a general vehicle for
      the transport of toxins to the ER.

PMID- 13679514
TI  - The Drosophila kinesin-like protein KLP67A is essential for mitotic and male
      meiotic spindle assembly.
AB  - We have performed a mutational analysis together with RNA interference to
      determine the role of the kinesin-like protein KLP67A in Drosophila cell
      division. During both mitosis and male meiosis, Klp67A mutations cause an
      increase in MT length and disrupt discrete aspects of spindle assembly, as well
      as cytokinesis. Mutant cells exhibit greatly enlarged metaphase spindle as a
      result of excessive MT polymerization. The analysis of both living and fixed
      cells also shows perturbations in centrosome separation, chromosome segregation,
      and central spindle assembly. These data demonstrate that the MT plus end
      directed motor KLP67A is essential for spindle assembly during mitosis and male
      meiosis and suggest that the regulation of MT plus-end polymerization is a key
      determinant of spindle architecture throughout cell division.

PMID- 13679515
TI  - Modification of a ubiquitin-like protein Paz2 conducted micropexophagy through
      formation of a novel membrane structure.
AB  - Microautophagy is a versatile process in which vacuolar or lysosomal membranes
      directly sequester cytosolic targets for degradation. Recent genetic evidence
      suggested that microautophagy uses molecular machineries essential for
      macroautophagy, but the details of this process are still unknown. In this study,
      a ubiquitin-like protein Paz2 essential for micropexophagy in the yeast Pichia
      pastoris has been shown to receive modification through the function of Paz8 and
      Gsa7, yielding a modified form Paz2-I, similar to the ubiquitin-like lipidation
      of Aut7 that is essential for macroautophagy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We
      identified a novel membrane structure formed after the onset of micropexophagy,
      which we suggest is necessary for the sequestration of peroxisomes by the
      vacuole. Assembly of this newly formed membrane structure, which is followed by
      localization of Paz2 to it, was found to require a properly functioning Paz2
      modification system. We herein show that Paz2 and its modification system conduct
      micropexophagy through formation of the membrane structure, which explains the
      convergence between micropexophagy and macroautophagy with regard to de novo
      membrane formation.

PMID- 13679516
TI  - The calcium binding loops of the cytosolic phospholipase A2 C2 domain specify
      targeting to Golgi and ER in live cells.
AB  - Translocation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) to Golgi and ER in response
      to intracellular calcium mobilization is regulated by its calcium-dependent lipid
      binding, or C2, domain. Although well studied in vitro, the biochemical
      characteristics of the cPLA2C2 domain offer no predictive value in determining
      its intracellular targeting. To understand the molecular basis for cPLA2C2
      targeting in vivo, the intracellular targets of the synaptotagmin 1 C2A (Syt1C2A)
      and protein kinase Calpha C2 (PKCalphaC2) domains were identified in Madin-Darby
      canine kidney cells and compared with that of hybrid C2 domains containing the
      calcium binding loops from cPLA2C2 on Syt1C2A and PKCalphaC2 domain backbones. In
      response to an intracellular calcium increase, PKCalphaC2 targeted plasma
      membrane regions rich in phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate, and Syt1C2A
      displayed a biphasic targeting pattern, first targeting phosphatidylinositol-4,5
      bisphosphate-rich regions in the plasma membrane and then the trans-Golgi
      network. In contrast, the Syt1C2A/cPLA2C2 and PKCalphaC2/cPLA2C2 hybrids targeted
      Golgi/ER and colocalized with cPLA2C2. The electrostatic properties of these
      hybrids suggested that the membrane binding mechanism was similar to cPLA2C2, but
      not PKCalphaC2 or Syt1C2A. These results suggest that primarily calcium binding
      loops 1 and 3 encode structural information specifying Golgi/ER targeting of
      cPLA2C2 and the hybrid domains.

PMID- 13679517
TI  - A protein complex containing Mdm10p, Mdm12p, and Mmm1p links mitochondrial
      membranes and DNA to the cytoskeleton-based segregation machinery.
AB  - Previous studies indicate that two proteins, Mmm1p and Mdm10p, are required to
      link mitochondria to the actin cytoskeleton of yeast and for actin-based control
      of mitochondrial movement, inheritance and morphology. Both proteins are integral
      mitochondrial outer membrane proteins. Mmm1p localizes to punctate structures in
      close proximity to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) nucleoids. We found that Mmm1p and
      Mdm10p exist in a complex with Mdm12p, another integral mitochondrial outer
      membrane protein required for mitochondrial morphology and inheritance. This
      interpretation is based on observations that 1) Mdm10p and Mdm12p showed the same
      localization as Mmm1p; 2) Mdm12p, like Mdm10p and Mmm1p, was required for
      mitochondrial motility; and 3) all three proteins coimmunoprecipitated with each
      other. Moreover, Mdm10p localized to mitochondria in the absence of the other
      subunits. In contrast, deletion of MMM1 resulted in mislocalization of Mdm12p,
      and deletion of MDM12 caused mislocalization of Mmm1p. Finally, we observed a
      reciprocal relationship between the Mdm10p/Mdm12p/Mmm1p complex and mtDNA.
      Deletion of any one of the subunits resulted in loss of mtDNA or defects in mtDNA
      nucleoid maintenance. Conversely, deletion of mtDNA affected mitochondrial
      motility: mitochondria in cells without mtDNA move 2-3 times faster than
      mitochondria in cells with mtDNA. These observations support a model in which the
      Mdm10p/Mdm12p/Mmm1p complex links the minimum heritable unit of mitochondria
      (mtDNA and mitochondrial outer and inner membranes) to the cytoskeletal system
      that drives transfer of that unit from mother to daughter cells.

PMID- 13679518
TI  - Human immunodeficiency virus-1 Nef expression induces intracellular accumulation
      of multivesicular bodies and major histocompatibility complex class II complexes:
      potential role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase.
AB  - Nef alters the cell surface expression of several immunoreceptors, which may
      contribute to viral escape. We show that Nef modifies major histocompatibility
      complex class II (MHC II) intracellular trafficking and thereby its function. In
      the presence of Nef, mature, peptide-loaded MHC II were down-modulated at the
      cell surface and accumulated intracellularly, whereas immature (invariant [Ii]
      chain-associated) MHC II expression at the plasma membrane was increased.
      Antibody internalization experiments and subcellular fractionation analyses
      showed that immature MHC II were internalized from the plasma membrane but had
      limited access to lysosomes, explaining the reduced Ii chain degradation.
      Immunoelectron microscopy revealed that Nef expression induced a marked
      accumulation of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) containing Nef, MHC II, and high
      amounts of Ii chain. The Nef-induced up-regulation of surface Ii chain was
      inhibited by LY294002 exposure, indicating the involvement of a
      phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, whose products play a key role in MVB biogenesis.
      Together, our results indicate that Nef induces an increase of the number of MVBs
      where MHC II complexes accumulate. Given that human immunodeficiency virus
      recruits the MVB machinery for its assembly process, our data raise the
      possibility that Nef is involved in viral assembly through its effect on MVBs.

PMID- 13679520
TI  - Orientational order of the lamellipodial actin network as demonstrated in living
      motile cells.
AB  - Lamellipodia of crawling cells represent both the motor for cell advance and the
      primary building site for the actin cytoskeleton. The organization of actin in
      the lamellipodium reflects actin dynamics and is of critical importance for the
      mechanism of cell motility. In previous structural studies, the lamellipodial
      actin network was analyzed primarily by electron microscopy (EM). An
      understanding of lamellipodial organization would benefit significantly if the EM
      data were complemented and put into a kinetic context by establishing
      correspondence with structural features observable at the light microscopic level
      in living cells. Here, we use an enhanced phase contrast microscopy technique to
      visualize an apparent long-range diagonal actin meshwork in the advancing
      lamellipodia of living cells. Visualization of this meshwork permitted a
      correlative light and electron microscopic approach that validated the underlying
      organization of lamellipodia. The linear features in the light microscopic
      meshwork corresponded to regions of greater actin filament density. Orientation
      of features was analyzed quantitatively and compared with the orientation of
      actin filaments at the EM level. We infer that the light microscopic meshwork
      reflects the orientational order of actin filaments which, in turn, is related to
      their branching angle.

PMID- 13679519
TI  - Phosphoinositides, ezrin/moesin, and rac1 regulate fusion of rhodopsin transport
      carriers in retinal photoreceptors.
AB  - The post-Golgi trafficking of rhodopsin in photoreceptor cells is mediated by
      rhodopsin-bearing transport carriers (RTCs) and regulated by the small GTPase
      rab8. In this work, we took a combined pharmacological-proteomic approach to
      uncover new regulators of RTC trafficking toward the specialized light-sensitive
      organelle, the rod outer segment (ROS). We perturbed phospholipid synthesis by
      activating phospholipase D with sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) or inhibiting
      phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase by propranolol (Ppl). S1P stimulated the
      overall rate of membrane trafficking toward the ROS. Ppl stimulated budding of
      RTCs, but blocked membrane delivery to the ROS. Ppl caused accumulation of RTCs
      in the vicinity of the fusion sites, suggesting a defect in tethering, similar to
      the previously described phenotype of the rab8T22N mutant. Proteomic analysis of
      RTCs accumulated upon Ppl treatment showed a significant decrease in
      phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate-binding proteins ezrin and/or moesin. Ppl
      induced redistribution of moesin, actin and the small GTPase rac1 from RTCs into
      the cytosol. By confocal microscopy, ezrin/moesin and rac1 colocalized with rab8
      on RTCs at the sites of their fusion with the plasma membrane; however, this
      distribution was lost upon Ppl treatment. Our data suggest that in photoreceptors
      phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate, moesin, actin, and rac1 act in concert
      with rab8 to regulate tethering and fusion of RTCs. Consequentially, they are
      necessary for rhodopsin-laden membrane delivery to the ROS, thus controlling the
      critical steps in the biogenesis of the light-detecting organelle.

PMID- 13679522
TI  - Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus--the high cost of viral survival.

PMID- 13679521
TI  - Binding of the essential Saccharomyces cerevisiae kinetochore protein Ndc10p to
      CDEII.
AB  - Chromosome segregation at mitosis depends critically on the accurate assembly of
      kinetochores and their stable attachment to microtubules. Analysis of
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae kinetochores has shown that they are complex structures
      containing >/=50 protein components. Many of these yeast proteins have orthologs
      in animal cells, suggesting that key aspects of kinetochore structure have been
      conserved through evolution, despite the remarkable differences between the 125
      base pair centromeres of budding yeast and the Mb centromeres of animal cells. We
      describe here an analysis of S. cerevisiae Ndc10p, one of the four protein
      components of the CBF3 complex. CBF3 binds to the CDEIII element of centromeric
      DNA and initiates kinetochore assembly. Whereas CDEIII binding by Ndc10p requires
      the other components of CBF3, Ndc10p can bind on its own to CDEII, a region of
      centromeric DNA with no known binding partners. Ndc10p-CDEII binding involves a
      dispersed set of sequence-selective and -nonselective contacts over approximately
      80 base pairs of DNA, suggesting formation of a multimeric structure. CDEII-like
      sites, active in Ndc10p binding, are also present along chromosome arms. We
      propose that a polymeric Ndc10p complex formed on CDEII and CDEIII DNA is the
      foundation for recruiting microtubule attachment proteins to kinetochores. A
      similar type of polymeric structure on chromosome arms may mediate other
      chromosome-spindle interactions.

PMID- 13679523
TI  - Decisions at the end of life.

PMID- 13679524
TI  - New revelations about the role of STATs in stature.

PMID- 13679525
TI  - Expression of human herpesvirus 8 in primary pulmonary hypertension.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Severe pulmonary hypertension constitutes a group of diseases
      characterized by complex, lumen-occluding vascular lesions that develop in
      genetically susceptible persons. The only viral infection associated with severe
      pulmonary hypertension has been that due to human immunodeficiency virus type 1,
      but neither the viral genome nor viral antigens have been demonstrated in
      pathologic lesions. METHODS: We examined lung-tissue samples from 16 patients
      with sporadic primary pulmonary hypertension and 14 patients with secondary
      pulmonary hypertension for evidence of infection with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV
      8). HHV-8 infection was ascertained immunohistochemically with use of an antibody
      directed against latency-associated nuclear antigen 1 (LANA-1), and a polymerase
      chain-reaction (PCR) assay was performed on lung DNA to detect the viral cyclin
      gene of HHV-8. Sequence analysis was also performed. RESULTS: In lung tissue from
      10 of 16 patients with primary pulmonary hypertension (62 percent), cells within
      the plexiform lesions as well as cells outside the lesions were positive for LANA
      1 on immunohistochemical analysis. Tissue from the same 10 patients contained
      viral cyclin on PCR analysis. No LANA-1 was detected in lung tissue from patients
      with secondary pulmonary hypertension, although one such patient had PCR evidence
      of viral cyclin. Plexiform lesions from patients with primary pulmonary
      hypertension had a histologic and immunohistochemical resemblance to cutaneous
      Kaposi's sarcoma lesions. CONCLUSIONS: The spectrum of trigger factors and
      molecular mechanisms leading to severe pulmonary hypertension and the formation
      of plexiform lesions is apparently wide, including both genetic and epigenetic
      factors. Our data suggest that infection with the vasculotropic virus HHV-8 may
      have a pathogenetic role in primary pulmonary hypertension.

PMID- 13679526
TI  - Withdrawal of mechanical ventilation in anticipation of death in the intensive
      care unit.
AB  - BACKGROUND: In critically ill patients who are receiving mechanical ventilation,
      the factors associated with physicians' decisions to withdraw ventilation in
      anticipation of death are unclear. The objective of this study was to examine the
      clinical determinants that were associated with the withdrawal of mechanical
      ventilation. METHODS: We studied adults who were receiving mechanical ventilation
      in 15 intensive care units, recording base-line physiological characteristics,
      daily Multiple Organ Dysfunction Scores, the patient's decision-making ability,
      the type of life support administered, the use of do-not-resuscitate orders, the
      physician's prediction of the patient's status, and the physician's perceptions
      of the patient's preferences about the use of life support. We examined the
      relation between these factors and withdrawal of mechanical ventilation, using
      Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis. RESULTS: Of 851 patients who were
      receiving mechanical ventilation, 539 (63.3 percent) were successfully weaned,
      146 (17.2 percent) died while receiving mechanical ventilation, and 166 (19.5
      percent) had mechanical ventilation withdrawn. The need for inotropes or
      vasopressors was associated with withdrawal of the ventilator (hazard ratio,
      1.78; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.20 to 2.66; P=0.004), as were the
      physician's prediction that the patient's likelihood of survival in the intensive
      care unit was less than 10 percent (hazard ratio, 3.49; 95 percent confidence
      interval, 1.39 to 8.79; P=0.002), the physician's prediction that future
      cognitive function would be severely impaired (hazard ratio, 2.51; 95 percent
      confidence interval, 1.28 to 4.94; P=0.04), and the physician's perception that
      the patient did not want life support used (hazard ratio, 4.19; 95 percent
      confidence interval, 2.57 to 6.81; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Rather than age or the
      severity of the illness and organ dysfunction, the strongest determinants of the
      withdrawal of ventilation in critically ill patients were the physician's
      perception that the patient preferred not to use life support, the physician's
      predictions of a low likelihood of survival in the intensive care unit and a high
      likelihood of poor cognitive function, and the use of inotropes or vasopressors.

PMID- 13679527
TI  - A comparison of two intensities of warfarin for the prevention of recurrent
      thrombosis in patients with the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Many patients with the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and
      recurrent thrombosis receive doses of warfarin adjusted to achieve an
      international normalized ratio (INR) of more than 3.0. However, there are no
      prospective data to support this approach to thromboprophylaxis. METHODS: We
      performed a randomized, double-blind trial in which patients with
      antiphospholipid antibodies and previous thrombosis were assigned to receive
      enough warfarin to achieve an INR of 2.0 to 3.0 (moderate intensity) or 3.1 to
      4.0 (high intensity). Our objective was to show that high-intensity warfarin was
      more effective in preventing thrombosis than moderate-intensity warfarin.
      RESULTS: A total of 114 patients were enrolled in the study and followed for a
      mean of 2.7 years. Recurrent thrombosis occurred in 6 of 56 patients (10.7
      percent) assigned to receive high-intensity warfarin and in 2 of 58 patients (3.4
      percent) assigned to receive moderate-intensity warfarin (hazard ratio for the
      high-intensity group, 3.1; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.6 to 15.0). Major
      bleeding occurred in three patients assigned to receive high-intensity warfarin
      and four patients assigned to receive moderate-intensity warfarin (hazard ratio,
      1.0; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.2 to 4.8). CONCLUSIONS: High-intensity
      warfarin was not superior to moderate-intensity warfarin for thromboprophylaxis
      in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies and previous thrombosis. The low
      rate of recurrent thrombosis among patients in whom the target INR was 2.0 to 3.0
      suggests that moderate-intensity warfarin is appropriate for patients with the
      antiphospholipid antibody syndrome.

PMID- 13679529
TI  - Images in clinical medicine. Gigantic pulmonary arteries.

PMID- 13679528
TI  - Growth hormone insensitivity associated with a STAT5b mutation.

PMID- 13679530
TI  - Molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis.

PMID- 13679531
TI  - Developmental pharmacology--drug disposition, action, and therapy in infants and
      children.

PMID- 13679532
TI  - Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological
      exercises. Case 29-2003. A 60-year-old man with fever, rigors, and sweats.

PMID- 13679533
TI  - Treatment of the antiphospholipid syndrome.

PMID- 13679534
TI  - The charitable trust as a model for genomic biobanks.

PMID- 13679535
TI  - Use of MRI to detect lymph-node metastases in prostate cancer.

PMID- 13679536
TI  - Chemotherapy for Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 13679537
TI  - Radiotherapy for advanced Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 13679538
TI  - Staging of non-small-cell lung cancer with integrated PET and CT.

PMID- 13679539
TI  - Preventing fungal infections in chronic granulomatous disease.

PMID- 13679540
TI  - HIV infection masquerading as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance.

PMID- 13679541
TI  - Preventing Lyme disease.

PMID- 13679542
TI  - Images in clinical medicine. Ectopic calcinosis.

PMID- 13679543
TI  - Herbal medicines.

PMID- 13679545
TI  - Fear of pregnancy and childbirth.
AB  - Pregnancy is a major life event for all women. However, when a psychiatric
      disorder is added to or exacerbated by the pregnancy then the problem requires
      expert knowledge from more than one area of medicine. This paper looks at
      pregnancy and the relationship with depression, eating disorders, and
      pathological fear of childbirth or tokophobia. It also examines the outcome for
      these women and their babies. Mental illness is a serious concern. It is now
      recognised that death from suicide is the leading cause of maternal death
      overall. Research in these areas is relatively sparse but an attempt is made to
      collate what is known.

PMID- 13679544
TI  - The electrocardiogram in ST elevation acute myocardial infarction: correlation
      with coronary anatomy and prognosis.
AB  - The electrocardiogram is considered an essential part of the diagnosis and
      initial evaluation of patients with chest pain. This review summarises the
      information that can be obtained from the admission electrocardiogram in patients
      with ST elevation acute myocardial infarction, with emphasis on: (1) prediction
      of infarct size, (2) estimation of prognosis, and (3) the correlations between
      various electrocardiographic patterns and the localisation of the infarct and the
      underlying coronary anatomy.

PMID- 13679547
TI  - What is a Caldicott guardian?
AB  - A review of patient confidentiality issues was commissioned and its findings
      published as the Caldicott Report in December 1997. It made 16 recommendations
      and formulated six principals. To help in remembering these principles the
      mnemonic FIONA C can be used: Formal justification of purpose; Information
      transferred only when absolutely necessary; Only the minimum required; Need to
      know access controls; All to understand their responsibilities; Comply with and
      understand the law. Since the Caldicott Report in 1997 the following acts have
      become law. Data Protection Act 1998, Human Rights Act 1998, Public Interest
      Disclosure Act 1998, Audit Commission Act 1998, Terrorism Act 2000, section 60 of
      the Health and Social Care Act 2001 and Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act
      2000, and by 2005 The Freedom of Information Act 2000 will become law and affect
      the NHS. Consequently it can be seen that the role and responsibility of
      Caldicott guardians has grown significantly into what is now known as information
      governance.

PMID- 13679546
TI  - Giant cell arteritis.
AB  - Giant cell arteritis (GCA), temporal arteritis or Horton's arteritis, is a
      systemic vasculitis which involves large and medium sized vessels, especially the
      extracranial branches of the carotid arteries, in persons usually older than 50
      years. Permanent visual loss, ischaemic strokes, and thoracic and abdominal
      aortic aneurysms are feared complications of GCA. The treatment consists of high
      dose steroids. Mortality, with a correct treatment, in patients with GCA seems to
      be similar that of controls.

PMID- 13679548
TI  - Role of microbiological investigations in the management of non-perineal
      cutaneous abscesses.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Pus samples for microbiological examination are routinely sent after
      incision and drainage of abscesses. There is no evidence that microbiology
      reports influence treatment for non-perineal cutaneous abscesses. AIMS: This
      study assessed (1) how often the microbiology report is used to manage patients'
      treatment after incision and drainage of an abscess and (2) junior surgical
      trainees' opinions on sending pus for microbiological examination. METHOD: A
      retrospective analysis of the notes of all patients undergoing incision and
      drainage of abscesses from January 2001 to January 2002 was made. A telephone
      poll of junior surgical trainees was also undertaken. RESULTS: Most patients,
      91%, had specimens referred for microbiology. Of these 43% yielded no growth.
      Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism (55.9% of all positive
      cultures). Anaerobes were a frequent finding from axilla and groin abscesses.
      Mycobacterium tuberculosis was grown in two patients. Other less common organisms
      cultured were methicillin resistant S aureus (n=1) and Proteus sp (n=1). Follow
      up of microbiology reports was found to be inadequate. CONCLUSION: The bacteria
      present in non-perineal cutaneous abscesses are, for the most part, predictable.
      However, a significant number grow less common organisms. It is concluded that
      pus specimens should be sent routinely for culture and sensitivity and there
      should be further emphasis on following up microbiology reports by junior medical
      staff.

PMID- 13679550
TI  - Cellular profile of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in Turkish miners.
AB  - Pneumoconiosis is still a health problem in Turkey and has a relatively high
      incidence. Retired underground miners were investigated to document alveolitis,
      and to observe the difference in the cellular profiles of bronchoalveolar lavage
      (BAL) fluid with or without pneumoconiosis. Twenty nine retired male miners and
      17 controls, eight non-smokers (four male, four female) and nine smokers (six
      male, three female), without any dust exposure were evaluated. According to the
      International Labor Office 1980 classification system, the miners were allocated
      to three subgroups: eight without pneumoconiosis, 11 with simple pneumoconiosis,
      and 10 with progressive massive fibrosis (PMF). Spirometric tests and arterial
      blood gases analysis were done and fibreoptic bronchoscopy and BAL were performed
      in all subjects. The study and the control subjects were comparable in respect to
      age, smoking habits, except the non-smoker controls, and the duration of dust
      exposure, except the controls. The amount of recovered BAL fluid was lower in all
      miners compared with the non-smoker controls (p<0.05). The amount of recovered
      BAL fluid and the total cell count correlated significantly (r = 0.48, p<0.01).
      The percentage of lymphocytes in the BAL fluid of miners without pneumoconiosis
      and with PMF (p<0.05) and that of simple pneumoconiosis (p<0.01) was
      significantly lower compared with the non-smoker controls. Alveolitis was not a
      representative feature of Turkish subjects with an occupational history of
      underground mining, and BAL fluid cellular profile did not seem to be different
      in miners with or without pneumoconiosis.

PMID- 13679549
TI  - Effects of diltiazem on platelet activation and cytosolic calcium during
      percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.
AB  - AIMS: To evaluate effects of diltiazem on platelet hyper-reactivity in situations
      associated with endothelial injury and their possible relationship to cytosolic
      calcium concentration. METHODS: Blood samples were collected at seven time points
      from 35 patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)
      who received combined diltiazem and aspirin/ticlopidine therapy or
      aspirin/ticlopidine therapy alone. Platelet expression of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa
      and P-selectin, production of thromboxane B(2), and cytosolic calcium
      concentration were measured, respectively, by whole blood flow cytometry,
      radioimmunoassay, and fluorospectrophotometry. The effects of diltiazem of
      different concentrations on expression of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa and P-selectin
      were also studied in vitro in blood samples from patients with chronic stable
      angina. RESULTS: Of the two treatments, aspirin/ticlopidine therapy did not
      prevent an acute increase of expression of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa and P-selectin
      and plasma thromboxane B(2) five minutes and 10 minutes after first inflation and
      10 minutes after PTCA, whereas combined diltiazem and aspirin/ticlopidine therapy
      had a significant inhibitory effect. In the group receiving aspirin/ticlopidine
      therapy, there was a short term increase of platelet [Ca(2+)](i) immediately
      after PTCA which was significantly reduced by diltiazem treatment. Expression of
      glycoprotein IIb/IIIa and P-selectin was significantly inhibited in vitro by
      diltiazem in the concentration of 200 ng/ml or higher, but not 50 ng/ml.
      CONCLUSIONS: Combined diltiazem and aspirin/ticlopidine therapy significantly
      inhibited platelet activation that continued in the presence of conventional
      aspirin/ticlopidine treatment. Antiplatelet effects of diltiazem were probably a
      consequence of reduction of platelet [Ca(2+)](i) and may only be achieved in
      higher than therapeutic concentrations.

PMID- 13679551
TI  - Retrobulbar haemorrhage associated with chronic Gingko biloba ingestion.
AB  - Retrobulbar haemorrhage is a rare and potentially sight threatening complication
      after peribulbar local anaesthetic injection for cataract surgery. A case is
      reported of a woman who developed this complication and was subsequently found to
      have been taking Gingko biloba extract tablets which may have predisposed her to
      developing the haemorrhage.

PMID- 13679552
TI  - Three channelled aortic dissection.

PMID- 13679553
TI  - Laparoscopic colon resection with intraoperative polyp localisation with high
      resolution ultrasonography coupled with colour power Doppler.
AB  - A 40-year-old woman with a 3 cm sigmoid polyp lesion who underwent a laparoscopic
      colon resection after intraoperative localisation of the lesion using
      laparoscopic ultrasonography coupled with colour power Doppler is described. She
      has successful intraoperative detection of the polyp followed by radical
      laparoscopic removal of the lesion. The advantage of using laparoscopic high
      resolution ultrasonography coupled with colour power Doppler to locate colonic
      polyp lesions during a laparoscopic colon resection is that intraoperative
      colonoscopy can be avoided. Intraoperative ultrasonography of the colon can
      accurately localise colonic polyp lesions that are not detectable during
      laparoscopy and represents a quick and effective alternative to other imaging
      techniques.

PMID- 13679554
TI  - Sarcoidosis and HIV infection: a case report and a review of the literature.
AB  - Sarcoidosis occurring in patients with AIDS is rare. This infrequent association
      has been attributed to the impairment of the immune system that may interfere
      with the granuloma formation in HIV infected patients. However, the introduction
      of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has brought about a substantial
      and sustained increase in CD4+ T lymphocyte cells, and has consequently led to
      the development of the so called "immune restoration disease". The case of an HIV
      infected man who developed sarcoidosis after the initiation of HAART is
      described. Skin nodule images and histological specimens are reported. The
      association between sarcoidosis and HIV infection is also reviewed.

PMID- 13679555
TI  - Technetium-99m labelled red blood cell blood pool imaging versus contrast
      venography in a patient with extensive blue rubber bleb naevi.

PMID- 13679556
TI  - An unusual electrocardiographic abnormality.

PMID- 13679557
TI  - A diagnostic conundrum.

PMID- 13679558
TI  - Progressive furrowing of skin with digital clubbing.

PMID- 13679559
TI  - An odd case of multiple "cannonball metastases".

PMID- 13679560
TI  - Red eyes, reduced vision, and vomiting.

PMID- 13679561
TI  - A rare cause of wheeze in a young adult.

PMID- 13679562
TI  - Deep jaundice in an adolescent.

PMID- 13679570
TI  - Sneddon's syndrome: additional neurological feature in antiphospholipid (Hughes')
      syndrome.

PMID- 13679571
TI  - Measuring stem cell frequency in epidermis: a quantitative in vivo functional
      assay for long-term repopulating cells.
AB  - Epidermal stem cells play a central role in tissue homeostasis, wound repair,
      tumor initiation, and gene therapy. A major impediment to the purification and
      molecular characterization of epidermal stem cells is the lack of a quantitative
      assay for cells capable of long-term repopulation in vivo, such as exists for
      hematopoietic cells. The tremendous strides made in the characterization and
      purification of hematopoietic stem cells have been critically dependent on the
      availability of competitive transplantation assays, because these assays permit
      the accurate quantitation of long-term repopulating cells in vivo. We have
      developed an analogous functional assay for epidermal stem cells, and have
      measured the frequency of functional epidermal stem cells in interfollicular
      epidermis. These studies indicate that cells capable of long-term reconstitution
      of a squamous epithelium reside in the interfollicular epidermis. We find that
      the frequency of these long-term repopulating cells is 1 in 35,000 total
      epidermal cells, or in the order of 1 in 104 basal epidermal cells, similar to
      that of hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow, and much lower than
      previously estimated in epidermis. Furthermore, these studies establish a novel
      functional assay that can be used to validate immunophenotypic markers and
      enrichment strategies for epidermal stem cells, and to quantify epidermal stem
      cells in various keratinocyte populations. Thus further studies using this type
      of assay for epidermis should aid in the progress of cutaneous stem cell-targeted
      gene therapy, and in more basic studies of epidermal stem cell regulation and
      differentiation.

PMID- 13679572
TI  - Expression of the type 2 receptor for cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLT2R) by human
      mast cells: Functional distinction from CysLT1R.
AB  - Cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) mediate vascular leakage and bronchoconstriction
      through the smooth muscle-associated CysLT type 1 receptor (CysLT1R), one of at
      least two loosely homologous cysLT-binding G protein-coupled receptors. We
      previously reported that CysLT1R is expressed by cultured human mast cells
      (hMCs), and that priming these cells with IL-4 enhances their sensitivity to
      calcium flux and cytokine generation in response to cys-LTs and the nucleotide
      ligand, uridine diphosphate (UDP), without increasing their surface expression of
      CysLT1R. We now report that hMCs express the type 2 receptor for cysLTs (CysLT2R)
      as well, and that the amount of surface CysLT2R protein increases in response to
      priming with IL-4. The selective function of CysLT2R was evident based on
      uninhibited IL-8 secretion by IL-4-primed hMCs stimulated with cys-LTs or UDP in
      the presence of the selective CysLT1R antagonist MK571. MK571 did inhibit IL-5
      generation, calcium flux, and phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated
      kinase. IL-8 secretion was inhibited by pertussis toxin and a selective p38
      kinase inhibitor, SB203580. The CysLT2 response may permit the cys-LTs and
      nucleotides generated in infection and tissue injury to elicit IL-8 generation by
      hMCs, potentially leading to neutrophilic infiltration, a characteristic of
      aerosol challenge-induced late-phase responses and of sudden death associated
      with asthma.

PMID- 13679573
TI  - Widespread cytoplasmic mRNA transport in yeast: identification of 22 bud
      localized transcripts using DNA microarray analysis.
AB  - Cytoplasmic mRNA localization provides a means of generating cell asymmetry and
      segregating protein activity. Previous studies have identified two mRNAs that
      localize to the bud tips of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. To identify
      additional localized mRNAs, we immunoprecipitated the RNA transport components
      She2p, She3p, and Myo4p and performed DNA microarray analysis of their associated
      RNAs. A secondary screen, using a GFP-tagged RNA reporter assay, identified 22
      mRNAs that are localized to bud tips. These messages encode a wide variety of
      proteins, including several involved in stress responses and cell wall
      maintenance. Many of these proteins are asymmetrically localized to buds.
      However, asymmetric localization also occurs in the absence of RNA transport,
      suggesting the existence of redundant protein localization mechanisms. In
      contrast to findings in metazoans, the untranslated regions are dispensable for
      mRNA localization in yeast. This study reveals an unanticipated widespread use of
      RNA transport in budding yeast.

PMID- 13679574
TI  - Beta-arrestin-mediated activation of MAPK by inverse agonists reveals distinct
      active conformations for G protein-coupled receptors.
AB  - It is becoming increasingly clear that signaling via G protein-coupled receptors
      is a diverse phenomenon involving receptor interaction with a variety of
      signaling partners. Despite this diversity, receptor ligands are commonly
      classified only according to their ability to modify G protein-dependent
      signaling. Here we show that beta2AR ligands like ICI118551 and propranolol,
      which are inverse agonists for Gs-stimulated adenylyl cyclase, induce partial
      agonist responses for the mitogen-activated protein kinases extracellular signal
      regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 thus behaving as dual efficacy ligands. ERK1/2
      activation by dual efficacy ligands was not affected by ADP-ribosylation of
      Galphai and could be observed in S49-cyc- cells lacking Galphas indicating that,
      unlike the conventional agonist isoproterenol, these drugs induce ERK1/2
      activation in a Gs/i-independent manner. In contrast, this activation was
      inhibited by a dominant negative mutant of beta-arrestin and was abolished in
      mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking beta-arrestin 1 and 2. The role of beta
      arrestin was further confirmed by showing that transfection of beta-arrestin 2 in
      these knockout cells restored ICI118551 promoted ERK1/2 activation. ICI118551 and
      propranolol also promoted beta-arrestin recruitment to the receptor. Taken
      together, these observations suggest that beta-arrestin recruitment is not an
      exclusive property of agonists, and that ligands classically classified as
      inverse agonists rely exclusively on beta-arrestin for their positive signaling
      activity. This phenomenon is not unique to beta2-adrenergic ligands because
      SR121463B, an inverse agonist on the V2 vasopressin receptor-stimulated adenylyl
      cyclase, recruited beta-arrestin and stimulated ERK1/2. These results point to a
      multistate model of receptor activation in which ligand-specific conformations
      are capable of differentially activating distinct signaling partners.

PMID- 13679575
TI  - Helix-stabilized cyclic peptides as selective inhibitors of steroid receptor
      coactivator interactions.
AB  - The interaction between nuclear receptors and coactivators provides an arena for
      testing whether protein-protein interactions may be inhibited by small molecule
      drug candidates. We provide evidence that a short cyclic peptide, containing a
      copy of the LXXLL nuclear receptor box pentapeptide, binds tightly and
      selectively to estrogen receptor alpha. Furthermore, as shown by x-ray analysis,
      the disulfide-bridged nonapeptide, nonhelical in aqueous solutions, is able to
      adopt a quasihelical conformer while binding to the groove created by ligand
      attachment to estrogen receptor alpha. An i, i+3 linked analog, H-Lys-cyclo(d-Cys
      Ile-Leu-Cys)-Arg-Leu-Leu-Gln-NH2 (peptidomimetic estrogen receptor modulator 1),
      binds with a Ki of 25 nM, significantly better than an i, i+4 bridged cyclic
      amide, as predicted by molecular modeling design criteria. The induction of
      helical character, effective binding, and receptor selectivity exhibited by this
      peptide analog provide strong support for this strategy. The stabilization of
      minimalist surface motifs may prove useful for the control of other
      macromolecular assemblies, especially when an amphiphilic helix is crucial for
      the strong binding interaction between two proteins.

PMID- 13679576
TI  - Redirecting tyrosine kinase signaling to an apoptotic caspase pathway through
      chimeric adaptor proteins.
AB  - Signal transduction pathways are typically controlled by protein-protein
      interactions, which are mediated by specific modular domains. One hypothetical
      use of such interaction domains is to generate new signaling pathways and
      networks during eukaryotic evolution, through the joining of distinct binding
      modules in novel combinations. In this manner, new polypeptides may be formed
      that make innovative connections among preexisting proteins. Adaptor proteins are
      specialized signaling molecules composed exclusively of interaction domains, that
      frequently link activated cell surface receptors to their intracellular targets.
      Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) recruit adaptors, such as Grb2 and ShcA, that
      activate signaling pathways involved in growth and survival, whereas death
      receptors bind adaptors, such as Fadd, that promote apoptosis. To test the
      ability of interaction domains to create new signaling pathways, we have fused
      the phosphotyrosine recognition domains of Grb2 (Scr homology 2 domain) or ShcA
      (phosphotyrosine-binding domain) to the death effector domain of Fadd. We find
      that these chimeric adaptors can reroute mitogenic or transforming RTK signals to
      induce caspase activation and cell death. These hybrid adaptors can be used to
      selectively kill oncogenic cells in which RTK activity is deregulated.

PMID- 13679577
TI  - Insulin-induced phosphorylation of FKHR (Foxo1) targets to proteasomal
      degradation.
AB  - Forkhead transcription factor FKHR (Foxo1) is a key regulator of glucose
      homeostasis, cell-cycle progression, and apoptosis. It has been shown that FKHR
      is phosphorylated via insulin or growth factor signaling cascades, resulting in
      its cytoplasmic retention and the repression of target gene expression. Here, we
      investigate the fate of FKHR after cells are stimulated by insulin. We show that
      insulin treatment decreases endogenous FKHR proteins in HepG2 cells, which is
      inhibited by proteasome inhibitors. FKHR is ubiquitinated in vivo and in vitro,
      and insulin enhances the ubiquitination in the cells. In addition, the signal to
      FKHR degradation from insulin is mediated by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
      pathway, and the mutation of FKHR at the serine or threonine residues
      phosphorylated by protein kinase B, a downstream target of phosphatidylinositol 3
      kinase, inhibits the ubiquitination in vivo and in vitro. Finally, efficient
      ubiquitination of FKHR requires both phosphorylation and cytoplasmic retention in
      the cells. These results demonstrate that the insulin-induced phosphorylation of
      FKHR leads to the multistep negative regulation, not only by the nuclear
      exclusion but also the ubiquitination-mediated degradation.

PMID- 13679578
TI  - ASH1, a Drosophila trithorax group protein, is required for methylation of lysine
      4 residues on histone H3.
AB  - Covalent modifications of histone tails modulate gene expression via chromatin
      organization. As examples, methylation of lysine 9 residues of histone H3 (H3)
      (H3-K9) is believed to repress transcription by compacting chromatin, whereas
      methylation of lysine 4 residues of H3 (H3-K4) is believed to activate
      transcription by relaxing chromatin. The Drosophila trithorax group protein
      absent, small, or homeotic discs 1 (ASH1) is involved in maintaining active
      transcription of many genes. Here we report that in extreme ash1 mutants, no H3
      K4 methylation is detectable. Within the limits of our assays, this lack of
      detectable H3-K4 methylation implies that ASH1 is required for essentially all H3
      K4 methylation that occurs in vivo. We report further that the 149-aa SET domain
      of ASH1 is sufficient for H3-K4 methylation in vitro. These findings support a
      model in which ASH1 is directly involved in maintaining active transcription by
      conferring a relaxed chromatin structure.

PMID- 13679579
TI  - Competing ligands stabilize alternate conformations of the energy coupling motif
      of a TonB-dependent outer membrane transporter.
AB  - BtuB is a TonB-dependent outer-membrane transporter for vitamin B12 (or
      cyanocobalamin, CN-Cbl) in Escherichia coli. The binding of CN-Cbl is believed to
      promote an unfolding or undocking of the Ton box, the conserved N-terminal energy
      coupling motif at the periplasmic surface of the transporter. This structural
      change may facilitate the interaction of BtuB with the inner membrane protein
      TonB. In this work, the effect of the receptor binding fragment of colicin E3
      (E3R) on the conformation of the Ton box was examined with site-directed spin
      labeling. Addition of E3R reverses the undocking of the Ton box that is promoted
      by CN-Cbl, consistent with a competitive binding between the substrate and the
      colicin fragment. EPR spectroscopy indicates that the Ton box is in a two-state
      equilibrium between docked and undocked conformations. In the absence of
      substrate, the docked conformation is the predominant state; however, the
      equilibrium can be shifted to the undocked state by the addition of detergents or
      site-specific proline substitutions. Even when the undocking is induced by
      detergents or by certain proline mutations, E3R binding shifts the equilibrium to
      the docked conformation. Thus, two competitive extracellular ligands, CN-Cbl and
      ER3, transduce opposite conformations of the N-terminal Ton box. Substrate
      binding stabilizes an undocked conformation, whereas E3R binding stabilizes a
      docked conformation of the Ton box.

PMID- 13679580
TI  - A noncognate aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase that may resolve a missing link in protein
      evolution.
AB  - Efforts to delineate the advent of many enzymes essential to protein translation
      are often limited by the fact that the modern genetic code evolved before
      divergence of the tree of life. Glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase (GlnRS) is one
      noteworthy exception to the universality of the translation apparatus. In
      eukaryotes and some bacteria, this enzyme is essential for the biosynthesis of
      Gln-tRNAGln, an obligate intermediate in translation. GlnRS is absent, however,
      in archaea, and most bacteria, organelles, and chloroplasts. Phylogenetic
      analyses predict that GlnRS arose from glutamyl-tRNA synthetase (GluRS), via gene
      duplication with subsequent evolution of specificity. A pertinent question to ask
      is whether, in the advent of GlnRS, a transient GluRS-like intermediate could
      have been retained in an extant organism. Here, we report the discovery of an
      essential GluRS-like enzyme (GluRS2), which coexists with another GluRS (GluRS1)
      in Helicobacter pylori. We show that GluRS2's primary role is to generate Glu
      tRNAGln, not Glu-tRNAGlu. Thus, GluRS2 appears to be a transient GluRS-like
      ancestor of GlnRS and can be defined as a GluGlnRS.

PMID- 13679581
TI  - Electron microscopic evidence for nucleation and growth of 3D acetylcholine
      receptor microcrystals in structured lipid-detergent matrices.
AB  - Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) belong to a superfamily of oligomeric
      proteins that transduce electric signals across the cell membrane on binding of
      neurotransmitters. These receptors harbor a large extracellular ligand-binding
      domain directly linked to an ion-conducting channel-forming domain that spans the
      cell membrane 20 times and considerably extends into the cytoplasm. Thus far,
      none of these receptor channels has been crystallized in three dimensions. The
      crystallization of the AChR from Torpedo marmorata electric organs is challenged
      here in lipidic-detergent matrices. Detergent-soluble AChR complexed with alpha
      bungarotoxin (alphaBTx), a polypeptidic competitive antagonist, was purified. The
      AChR-alphaBTx complex was reconstituted in a lipidic matrix composed of monoolein
      bilayers that are structured in three dimensions. The alphaBTx was conjugated to
      a photo-stable fluorophore, enabling us to monitor the physical behavior of the
      receptor-toxin complex in the lipidic matrix under light stereomicroscope, and to
      freeze fracture regions containing the receptor-toxin complex for visualization
      under a transmission electron microscope. Conditions were established for forming
      2D receptor-toxin lattices that are stacked in the third dimension. 3D AChR
      nanocrystals were thereby grown inside the highly viscous lipidic 3D matrix. Slow
      emulsification of the lipidic matrix converted these nanocrystals into 3D
      elongated thin crystal plates of micrometer size. The latter are stable in
      detergent-containing aqueous solutions and can currently be used for seeding and
      epitaxial growth, en route to crystals of appropriate dimensions for x-ray
      diffraction studies.

PMID- 13679582
TI  - Activation of ATP-sensitive K+ (K(ATP)) channels by H2O2 underlies glutamate
      dependent inhibition of striatal dopamine release.
AB  - In many cells, ATP-sensitive K+ channels (KATP channels) couple metabolic state
      to excitability. In pancreatic beta cells, for example, this coupling regulates
      insulin release. Although KATP channels are abundantly expressed in the brain,
      their physiological role and the factors that regulate them are poorly
      understood. One potential regulator is H2O2. We reported previously that dopamine
      (DA) release in the striatum is modulated by endogenous H2O2, generated
      downstream from glutamatergic alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic
      acid (AMPA)-receptor activation. Here we investigated whether H2O2-sensitive KATP
      channels contribute to DA-release modulation by glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric
      acid (GABA). This question is important because DA-glutamate interactions
      underlie brain functions, including motor control and cognition. Synaptic DA
      release was evoked by using local electrical stimulation in slices of guinea pig
      striatum and monitored in real time with carbon-fiber microelectrodes and fast
      scan cyclic voltammetry. The KATP-channel antagonist glibenclamide abolished the
      H2O2-dependent increase in DA release usually seen with AMPA-receptor blockade by
      GYKI-52466 [1-(4-aminophenyl)-4-methyl-7,8-methylenedioxy-5H-2,3-benzodiazepine
      hydrochloride] and the decrease in DA release seen with GABA-type-A-receptor
      blockade by picrotoxin. In contrast, 5-hydroxydecanoate, a mitochondrial KATP
      channel blocker, was ineffective, as were sulpiride, a D2-receptor antagonist,
      and tertiapin, a G protein-coupled K+-channel inhibitor. Diazoxide, a
      sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1)selective KATP-channel opener, prevented DA
      modulation by H2O2, glutamate, and GABA, whereas cromakalim, a SUR2-selective
      opener, did not. Thus, endogenous H2O2 activates SUR1-containing KATP channels in
      the plasma membrane to inhibit DA release. These data not only demonstrate that
      KATP channels can modulate CNS transmitter release in response to fast-synaptic
      transmission but also introduce H2O2 as a KATP-channel regulator.

PMID- 13679584
TI  - Modification by docosahexaenoic acid of age-induced alterations in gene
      expression and molecular composition of rat brain phospholipids.
AB  - Advanced age is associated with reduced brain levels of long-chain
      polyunsaturated fatty acids, arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid
      (DHA). Memory impairment is also a common phenomenon in this age. Two-year-old,
      essential fatty acid-sufficient rats were fed with fish oil (11% DHA) for 1
      month, and fatty acid as well as molecular composition of the major
      phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), was
      compared with that of 2-month-old rats on the same diet. DHA but not AA was
      significantly reduced in brains of old rats but was restored to the level of
      young rats when they received rat chow fortified with fish oil. This effect was
      pronounced with diacyl 18:0/22:6 PE species, whereas levels of 18:1/22:6 and
      16:0/22:6 remained unchanged in all of the three PE subclasses. Fish oil reduced
      the AA in the old rat brains, diacyl and alkenylacyl 18:0/20:4 PE being most
      affected. Phosphatidylcholines gave less pronounced response. Six genes were up
      regulated, whereas no significant changes were observed in brains of old rats
      receiving fish oil for 1 month. None of them except synuclein in young rat brains
      could be related to mental functions. Old rats on the fish-oil diet did not
      perform better in Morris water maze test than the control ones. A 10% increase in
      levels of diacyl 18:0/22:6 PE in young rat brains resulted in a significant
      improvement of learning capacity. The results are interpreted in terms of the
      roles of different phospholipid molecular species in cognitive functions coupled
      with differential responsiveness of the genetic machinery of neurons to n-3
      polyunsaturated fatty acids.

PMID- 13679583
TI  - One strategy for cell and gene therapy: harnessing the power of adult stem cells
      to repair tissues.
AB  - Most recent evidence suggests that the process of tissue repair is driven by stem
      like cells that reside in multiple tissues but are replenished by precursor cells
      from bone marrow. Among the candidates for the reparative cells are the adult
      stem cells from bone marrow referred to as either mesenchymal stem cells or
      marrow stromal cells (MSCs). We recently found that after MSCs were replated at
      very low densities to generate single-cell-derived colonies, they did not exit a
      prolonged lag period until they synthesized and secreted considerable quantities
      of Dickkopf-1, an inhibitor of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. We also found
      that when the cells were cocultured with heat-shocked pulmonary epithelial cells,
      they differentiated into epithelial cells. Most of the MSCs differentiated
      without evidence of cell fusion but up to one-quarter underwent cell fusion with
      the epithelial cells. A few also underwent nuclear fusion. The results are
      consistent with the interesting possibility that MSCs and similar cells repair
      tissue injury by three different mechanisms: creation of a milieu that enhances
      regeneration of endogenous cells, transdifferentiation, and perhaps cell fusion.

PMID- 13679585
TI  - Antiangiogenic proteins require plasma fibronectin or vitronectin for in vivo
      activity.
AB  - Fragmentation of various extracellular matrix and blood proteins generates
      antiangiogenic substances that are physiological regulators of angiogenesis. Some
      of these compounds are in clinical trials as inhibitors of tumor angiogenesis.
      Anastellin, an antiangiogenic protein fragment derived from fibronectin, was
      unable to inhibit matrigel plug angiogenesis in mice that lack plasma
      fibronectin. Anastellin was fully active in mice that are null for vitronectin,
      which, like fibronectin, is a major adhesion protein in the blood. An
      antiangiogenic form of antithrombin showed the opposite pattern. The activity of
      endostatin was impaired in both fibronectin- and vitronectin-deficient mice.
      These results suggest a shared mechanism of action for antiangiogenic factors
      derived from extracellular matrix and plasma proteins: these factors form
      complexes with adhesion proteins in plasma to create an active antiangiogenic
      substance.

PMID- 13679586
TI  - Single metallic nanoparticle imaging for protein detection in cells.
AB  - We performed a visualization of membrane proteins labeled with 10-nm gold
      nanoparticles in cells, using an all-optical method based on photothermal
      interference contrast. The high sensitivity of the method and the stability of
      the signals allows 3D imaging of individual nanoparticles without the drawbacks
      of photobleaching and blinking inherent to fluorescent markers. A simple
      analytical model is derived to account for the measurements of the signal
      amplitude and the spatial resolution. The photothermal interference contrast
      method provides an efficient, reproducible, and promising way to visualize low
      amounts of proteins in cells by optical means.

PMID- 13679587
TI  - Dissecting the roles of beta-catenin and cyclin D1 during mammary development and
      neoplasia.
AB  - A considerable body of circumstantial data suggests that cyclin D1 is an
      attractive candidate to mediate the effects of beta-catenin in mammary tissue. To
      test the functional significance of these correlative findings, we investigated
      the genetic interaction between transcriptionally active beta-catenin
      (DeltaN89beta-catenin) and its target gene cyclin D1 in the mouse mammary gland
      during pubertal development, pregnancy, and tumorigenesis. Our data demonstrate
      that cyclin D1 is dispensable for the DeltaN89beta-catenin-stimulated initiation
      of alveologenesis in virgin females, for the de novo induction of alveoli in
      males, and for the formation of tumors. Indeed, lack of cyclin D1 accentuates and
      enhances these hyperplastic and tumorigenic DeltaN89beta-catenin phenotypes.
      Although alveologenesis is initiated by DeltaN89beta-catenin in a cyclin D1
      independent fashion, up-regulation of cyclin D1 occurs in DeltaN89beta-catenin
      mice and its expression remains essential for the completion of alveolar
      development during the later stages of pregnancy. Thus, alveologenesis is a two
      step process, and cyclin D1 activity during late alveologenesis cannot be
      replaced by the activity of other beta-catenin target genes that successfully
      drive proliferation at earlier stages.

PMID- 13679588
TI  - Beyond the conventional description of dynamic force spectroscopy of adhesion
      bonds.
AB  - Dynamic force spectroscopy of single molecules is described by a model that
      predicts a distribution of rupture forces, the corresponding mean rupture force,
      and variance, which are all amenable to experimental tests. The distribution has
      a pronounced asymmetry, which has recently been observed experimentally. The mean
      rupture force follows a (lnV)2/3 dependence on the pulling velocity, V, and
      differs from earlier predictions. Interestingly, at low pulling velocities, a
      rebinding process is obtained whose signature is an intermittent behavior of the
      spring force, which delays the rupture. An extension to include conformational
      changes of the adhesion complex is proposed, which leads to the possibility of
      bimodal distributions of rupture forces.

PMID- 13679589
TI  - Liposomal anthracyclines for breast cancer: overview.

PMID- 13679590
TI  - Liposomal anthracyclines in metastatic breast cancer: clinical update.
AB  - Anthracyclines are a mainstay of therapy for patients with metastatic breast
      cancer. However, their use has been limited by associated toxicities, including
      myelosuppression, alopecia, nausea and vomiting, stomatitis, and most
      importantly, cardiotoxicity. Liposomal anthracyclines were developed to increase
      the therapeutic index of conventional anthracyclines by maintaining antitumor
      efficacy while improving the safety profile. There are currently three liposomal
      formulations: liposomal daunorubicin, liposomal doxorubicin (D-99), and pegylated
      liposomal doxorubicin. Only one phase I study has been conducted with liposomal
      daunorubicin for metastatic breast cancer. Liposomal doxorubicin has shown
      comparable efficacy with conventional doxorubicin and less toxicity. Pegylated
      liposomal doxorubicin is the most widely studied of the liposomal anthracyclines
      and has demonstrated similar efficacy to conventional doxorubicin and a better
      safety profile, including significantly less cardiotoxicity, in patients with
      metastatic breast cancer. Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin has shown efficacy as a
      single agent and in combination with many agents, including cyclophosphamide,
      paclitaxel, docetaxel, and gemcitabine, with response rates ranging from 33%-75%.
      Growing evidence supports the use of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin as first
      line treatment for patients with metastatic breast cancer, owing to its antitumor
      activity in both anthracycline-naive patients and in patients with previous
      anthracycline exposure.

PMID- 13679591
TI  - Liposomal anthracyclines: adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy for breast cancer.
AB  - Conventional anthracyclines, particularly doxorubicin, have played an important
      role in the treatment of patients with breast cancer for many decades.
      Conventional doxorubicin has shown excellent antitumor activity in the
      metastatic, neoadjuvant, and adjuvant settings. However, its clinical utility is
      limited due to acute and chronic toxicities, particularly cardiotoxicity,
      myelosuppression, nausea and vomiting, and alopecia. Liposomal doxorubicin
      formulations (liposomal doxorubicin [D-99] and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin)
      currently under investigation for the treatment of breast cancer have
      demonstrated similar efficacies and favorable toxicity profiles compared with
      conventional doxorubicin in patients with metastatic breast cancer. These agents
      have also shown efficacy and tolerability in several small studies as neoadjuvant
      therapy in patients with locally advanced breast cancer. While there are
      currently no studies with liposomal doxorubicin or pegylated liposomal
      doxorubicin as adjuvant therapy, their demonstrated activities and tolerabilities
      in the metastatic and neoadjuvant settings provide the rationale for the future
      study of these agents in adjuvant therapy for patients with early-stage breast
      cancer.

PMID- 13679592
TI  - Cardiac safety of liposomal anthracyclines.
AB  - Anthracyclines have demonstrated antitumor activity in a variety of cancers;
      however, irreversible cardiac damage is a major dose-limiting toxicity,
      restricting lifetime cumulative dose. The most successful strategy to improve the
      cardiac safety of anthracyclines to date involves liposomal encapsulation, which
      alters the tissue distribution and pharmacokinetics of these agents. The cardiac
      safeties of liposomal daunorubicin, liposomal doxorubicin (D-99), and pegylated
      liposomal doxorubicin have been studied in several clinical trials. The lack of
      published data comparing liposomal daunorubicin with conventional daunorubicin
      makes it difficult to draw meaningful conclusions regarding the relative cardiac
      safeties of these formulations. Studies indicate that the risk of anthracycline
      induced cardiotoxicity is considerably lower with liposomal doxorubicin
      formulations than with conventional doxorubicin. Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin
      has been studied most extensively and has demonstrated the most significant
      reductions in risk for cardiotoxicity. Compared with conventional doxorubicin,
      pegylated liposomal doxorubicin has shown similar efficacy with a significantly
      lower incidence of cardiotoxicity and significantly fewer cardiac events.
      Although the long-term cardiac safety of these agents is unknown, data suggest
      that liposomal anthracyclines, particularly pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, may
      offer a significant clinical benefit for patients with higher risks for
      anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity.

PMID- 13679593
TI  - Liposomal anthracyclines and new treatment approaches for breast cancer.
AB  - Breast cancer research is entering a new and promising phase, with greater focus
      on patient quality of life and therapy selection based on specific targets of
      interest. Growth factor pathway modulators represent an area of increasing
      interest for clinicians treating various cancer types, including breast cancer.
      Therapeutic strategies combining cytotoxic drugs with specific targets using
      small molecules and targeted antibody therapy may help circumvent potential
      growth factor survival mechanisms in solid tumors. One of the challenges when
      combining these agents, however, is the potential for pharmacodynamic and
      pharmacokinetic interactions, making safety an important consideration. An
      example of a growth factor pathway modulator with clinical application in breast
      cancer is trastuzumab. Based on its efficacy in metastatic disease, ongoing
      clinical trials are examining trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy in the
      adjuvant setting. Concerns about the cardiac safety of trastuzumab given
      concomitantly with conventional anthracyclines support ongoing investigations of
      regimens combining it with liposomal anthracyclines, based on available data
      indicating a more favorable cardiac safety profile with liposomal formulations.

PMID- 13679594
TI  - How does the Huntington's disease mutation damage cells?
AB  - Huntington's Disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative condition
      with devastating consequences. HD is caused by the expansion of a CAG
      trinucleotide repeat stretch in the coding sequence of the HD gene that gives
      rise to a long polyglutamine tract in the huntingtin protein. How this mutated
      protein gives rise to the disease state is controversial. In this Perspective, I
      discuss the results of a new study on the effects of the mutated huntingtin
      protein in light of previous findings and suggest that the HD mutation damages
      cells by perturbing multiple parallel pathways by gain-of-function and possibly
      also dominant negative mechanisms.

PMID- 13679595
TI  - Herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein B sorting in hippocampal neurons.
AB  - Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a neuroinvasive human pathogen that
      spreads in the nervous system in functionally connected neurons. Determining how
      HSV-1 components are sorted in neurons is critical to elucidate the mechanisms of
      virus neuroinvasion. By using recombinant viruses expressing glycoprotein B (gB)
      tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP), the subcellular localization of this
      envelope protein was visualized in infected hippocampal neurons in culture.
      Results obtained using a fully infectious recombinant virus containing GFP
      inserted into the ectodomain of gB support the view that capsids and gB are
      transported separately in neuron processes. Moreover, they show that during
      infection gB is sorted to the dendritic tree and the axons of polarized
      hippocampal neurons. However, GFP insertion into the cytoplasmic tail of gB
      impaired the maturation of the resulting fusion protein and caused its retention
      in the endoplasmic reticulum. The defective protein did not gain access to axons
      of infected neurons. These results suggest that the cytoplasmic tail of gB plays
      a role in maturation and transport and subsequently in axonal sorting in
      differentiated hippocampal neurons.

PMID- 13679597
TI  - Infection of macrophages by a lymphotropic herpesvirus: a new tropism for Marek's
      disease virus.
AB  - Marek's disease virus (MDV) is classified as an oncogenic lymphotropic
      herpesvirus of chickens. MDV productively and cytolytically infects B, alphabetaT
      and gammadeltaT lymphocytes and latently infects T-helper lymphocytes. The aims
      of this study were to identify whether MDV infects macrophages in vivo and, if
      so, whether quantitative differences in macrophage infection are associated with
      MDV strain virulence. Chickens were infected with either virulent MDV (HPRS-16)
      or 'hypervirulent' MDV (C12/130). Flow cytometry with monoclonal antibodies
      recognizing MDV pp38 antigen and leukocyte antigens was used to identify MDV
      lytically infected cells. Macrophages from HPRS-16- and C12/130-infected chickens
      were pp38(+). It is demonstrated that macrophages are pp38(+) because they are
      infected and not because they have phagocytosed MDV antigens, as assessed by
      confocal microscopy using antibodies recognizing MDV antigens of the three
      herpesvirus kinetic classes: infected cell protein 4 (ICP4, immediate early),
      pp38 (early) and glycoprotein B (gB, late). Spleen macrophages from MDV-infected
      chickens were ICP4(+), pp38(+) and gB(+), and ICP4 had nuclear localization
      denoting infection. Finally, MDV pp38(+) macrophages had high inherent death
      rates, confirming cytolytic MDV infection, although production of virus particles
      has not been detected yet. These results have two fundamental implications for
      understanding MDV pathogenesis: (i) MDV evolved to perturb innate, in addition to
      acquired, immunity and (ii) macrophages are excellent candidates for transporting
      MDV to primary lymphoid organs during the earliest stages of pathogenesis.

PMID- 13679596
TI  - Identification of equine herpesvirus-1 antigens recognized by cytotoxic T
      lymphocytes.
AB  - Equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) causes serious disease in horses throughout the
      world, despite the frequent use of vaccines. CTLs are thought to be critical for
      protection from primary and reactivating latent EHV-1 infections. However, the
      antigen-specificity of EHV-1-specific CTLs is unknown. The aim of this study was
      to identify EHV-1 genes that encode proteins containing CTL epitopes and to
      determine their MHC I (or ELA-A in the horse) restriction. Equine dendritic
      cells, transfected with a series of EHV-1 genes, were used to stimulate
      autologous CTL precursor populations derived from previously infected horses.
      Cytotoxicity was subsequently measured against EHV-1-infected PWM lymphoblast
      targets. Dendritic cells were infected with EHV-1 (positive control) or
      transfected with plasmids encoding the gB, gC, gD, gE, gH, gI, gL, immediate
      early (IE) or early protein of EHV-1 using the PowderJect XR-1 research device.
      Dendritic cells transfected with the IE gene induced CTL responses in four of six
      ponies. All four of these ponies shared a common ELA-A3.1 haplotype. Dendritic
      cells transfected with gC, gD, gI and gL glycoproteins induced CTLs in individual
      ponies. The cytotoxic activity was ELA-A-restricted, as heterologous targets from
      ELA-A mismatched ponies were not killed and an MHC I blocking antibody reduced
      EHV-1-specific killing. This is the first identification of an EHV-1 protein
      containing ELA-A-restricted CTL epitopes. This assay can now be used to study CTL
      specificity for EHV-1 proteins in horses with a broad range of ELA-A haplotypes,
      with the goal of developing a multi-epitope EHV-1 vaccine.

PMID- 13679598
TI  - In vivo transcription of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) BamHI-A region without
      associated in vivo BARF0 protein expression in multiple EBV-associated disorders.
AB  - The in vivo expression of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) BamHI-A rightward
      transcripts (BARTs) as well as the putative BART-encoded BARF0 and RK-BARF0
      proteins in various EBV-associated malignancies was investigated. RT-PCRs
      specific for the different splice variants of the BARTs and both a nucleic acid
      sequence-based amplification assay and an RT-PCR specific for the BARF0 ORF were
      used. Abundant transcription of BARTs was found in EBV-associated Hodgkin's
      lymphomas, Burkitt's lymphomas (BL), T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, post
      transplant lymphoproliferative disorders, AIDS-related lymphomas and gastric
      carcinomas. Using RNA in situ hybridization (RISH), BARTs were detected within
      the neoplastic cells of these malignancies. BARTs encoding RK-BARF0 were not
      detected. The BARTs detected were shown possibly to encode the RPMS1 and BARF0
      proteins, based on their splicing. However, BARTs actually harbouring the BARF0
      ORF were detected only in specimens containing a relatively large number of EBV
      positive cells. New monoclonal antibodies against the BARF0 protein were
      generated that efficiently recognized prokaryotic and eukaryotic recombinant
      BARF0. However, the BARF0 protein was not detected in clinical samples, nor in
      EBV-positive cell lines, even though these were positive for BARTs by RISH and/or
      BARF0 RNA in vitro analysis. Using immunoblot analysis, no antibodies against
      baculovirus-expressed BARF0 protein were detected in the sera of nasopharyngeal
      carcinoma patients, BL patients and Hodgkin's disease patients, patients with
      chronic EBV infection, infectious mononucleosis patients or EBV-positive healthy
      donors. Thus, BARTs containing the BARF0 ORF are expressed in vivo but the BARF0
      protein cannot be detected and may be expressed only marginally. It is concluded
      that the BARF0 protein is unlikely to play a role in vivo in EBV-positive
      malignancies.

PMID- 13679599
TI  - Molecular comparison of isolates of an emerging fish pathogen, koi herpesvirus,
      and the effect of water temperature on mortality of experimentally infected koi.
AB  - Koi herpesvirus (KHV) has been associated with devastating losses of common carp
      (Cyprinus carpio carpio) and koi (Cyprinus carpio koi) in North America, Europe,
      Israel and Asia. A comparison of virion polypeptides and genomic restriction
      fragments of seven geographically diverse isolates of KHV indicated that with one
      exception they represented a homogeneous group. A principal environmental factor
      influencing the onset and severity of disease is water temperature. Optimal
      growth of KHV in a koi fin cell line occurred at temperatures from 15-25 degrees
      C. There was no growth or minimal growth at 4, 10, 30 or 37 degrees C.
      Experimental infections of koi with KHV at a water temperature of 23 degrees C
      resulted in a cumulative mortality of 95.2 %. Disease progressed rapidly but with
      lower mortality (89.4-95.2 %) at 28 degrees C. Mortality (85.0 %) also occurred
      at 18 degrees C but not at 13 degrees C. Shifting virus-exposed fish from 13-23
      degrees C resulted in the rapid onset of mortality.

PMID- 13679600
TI  - Spontaneous excision of BAC vector sequences from bacmid-derived baculovirus
      expression vectors upon passage in insect cells.
AB  - Repeated baculovirus infections in cultured insect cells lead to the generation
      of defective interfering viruses (DIs), which accumulate at the expense of the
      intact helper virus and compromise heterologous protein expression. In
      particular, Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedovirus (AcMNPV) DIs
      are enriched in an origin of viral DNA replication (ori) not associated with the
      homologous regions (hrs). This non-hr ori is located within the coding sequence
      of the non-essential p94 gene. We investigated the effect of a deletion of the
      AcMNPV non-hr ori on the heterologous protein expression levels following serial
      passage in Sf21 insect cells. Using homologous ET recombination in E. coli,
      deletions within the p94 gene were made in a bacterial artificial chromosome
      (BAC) containing the entire AcMNPV genome (bacmid). All bacmids were equipped
      with an expression cassette containing the green fluorescent protein gene and a
      gene encoding the classical swine fever virus E2 glycoprotein (CSFV-E2). For the
      parental (intact) bacmid only, a strong accumulation of DIs with reiterated non
      hr oris was observed. This was not observed for the mutants, indicating that
      removal of the non-hr ori enhanced the genetic stability of the viral genome upon
      passaging. However, for all passaged viruses it was found that the entire BAC
      vector including the expression cassette was spontaneously deleted from the viral
      genome, leading to a rapid decrease in GFP and CSFV-E2 production. The rationale
      for the (intrinsic) genetic instability of the BAC vector in insect cells and the
      implications with respect to large-scale production of proteins with bacmid
      derived baculoviruses are discussed.

PMID- 13679601
TI  - Chimeric pneumovirus nucleocapsid (N) proteins allow identification of amino
      acids essential for the function of the respiratory syncytial virus N protein.
AB  - The nucleocapsid (N) protein of the pneumovirus respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
      is a major structural protein which encapsidates the RNA genome and is essential
      for replication and transcription of the RSV genome. The N protein of the related
      virus pneumonia virus of mice (PVM) is functionally unable to replace the RSV N
      protein in a minigenome replication assay. Using chimeric proteins, in which the
      immediate C-terminal part of the RSV N protein was replaced with the equivalent
      region of the PVM N protein, it was shown that six amino acid residues near the C
      terminus of the N protein (between residues 352-369) are essential for its
      function in replication and for the ability of the N protein to bind to the viral
      phosphoprotein, P.

PMID- 13679602
TI  - Isolation of Kaeng Khoi virus from dead Chaerephon plicata bats in Cambodia.
AB  - A virus isolated from dead Chaerephon plicata bats collected near Kampot,
      Cambodia, was identified as a member of the family Bunyaviridae by electron
      microscopy. The only bunyavirus previously isolated from Chaerephon species bats
      in South-East Asia is Kaeng Khoi (KK) virus (genus Orthobunyavirus), detected in
      Thailand over 30 years earlier and implicated as a public health problem. Using
      RT-PCR, nucleotide sequences from the M RNA segment of several virus isolates
      from the Cambodian C. plicata bats were found to be almost identical and to
      differ from those of the prototype KK virus by only 2.6-3.2 %, despite the
      temporal and geographic separation of the viruses. These results identify the
      Cambodian bat viruses as KK virus, extend the known virus geographic range and
      document the first KK virus isolation in 30 years. These genetic data, together
      with earlier serologic data, show that KK viruses represent a distinct group
      within the genus Orthobunyavirus.

PMID- 13679603
TI  - Phylogenetic analysis reveals a low rate of homologous recombination in negative
      sense RNA viruses.
AB  - Recombination is increasingly seen as an important means of shaping genetic
      diversity in RNA viruses. However, observed recombination frequencies vary widely
      among those viruses studied to date, with only sporadic occurrences reported in
      RNA viruses with negative-sense genomes. To determine the extent of homologous
      recombination in negative-sense RNA viruses, phylogenetic analyses of 79 gene
      sequence alignments from 35 negative-sense RNA viruses (a total of 2154
      sequences) were carried out. Powerful evidence was found for recombination, in
      the form of incongruent phylogenetic trees between different gene regions, in
      only five sequences from Hantaan virus, Mumps virus and Newcastle disease virus.
      This is the first report of recombination in these viruses. More tentative
      evidence for recombination, where conflicting phylogenetic trees were observed
      (but were without strong bootstrap support) and/or where putative recombinant
      regions were very short, was found in three alignments from La Crosse virus and
      Puumala virus. Finally, patterns of sequence variation compatible with the action
      of recombination, but not definitive evidence for this process, were observed in
      a further ten viruses: Canine distemper virus, Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever
      virus, Influenza A virus, Influenza B virus, Influenza C virus, Lassa virus,
      Pirital virus, Rabies virus, Rift Valley Fever virus and Vesicular stomatitis
      virus. The possibility of recombination in these viruses should be investigated
      further. Overall, this study reveals that rates of homologous recombination in
      negative-sense RNA viruses are very much lower than those of mutation, with many
      viruses seemingly clonal on current data. Consequently, recombination rate is
      unlikely to be a trait that is set by natural selection to create advantageous or
      purge deleterious mutations.

PMID- 13679604
TI  - The di-leucine motif in the cytoplasmic tail of CD4 is not required for binding
      to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef, but is critical for CD4 down
      modulation.
AB  - The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) nef gene encodes a 205 residue,
      myristoylated phosphoprotein that has been shown to play a critical role in the
      replication and pathogenesis of the virus. One of the most studied functions of
      the Nef protein is the down-modulation of cell surface CD4. Nef has been reported
      to interact with both the cytoplasmic tail of CD4 and proteins that are
      components of the endocytic machinery, thereby enhancing the endocytosis of CD4
      through clathrin-coated pits. A di-leucine motif in the cytoplasmic tail of CD4
      (residues 413/414) was reported to be essential both for Nef mediated down
      modulation and for Nef binding. In order to further characterize the involvement
      of this di-leucine motif in CD4 down-modulation we generated a CD4 mutant in
      which the leucines were substituted by alanines, termed CD4(LL-AA). We
      demonstrate here that, contrary to previous data obtained with the cytoplasmic
      tail of CD4 alone, full-length CD4(LL-AA) bound to Nef both in vivo, in
      recombinant baculovirus-infected Sf9 cells, and in vitro. In contrast the di
      leucine motif was required for both Nef-mediated and phorbol ester-induced CD4
      down-modulation, suggesting that the essential requirement for the di-leucine
      motif in CD4 down-modulation reflects the fact that this motif is needed for the
      interactions of CD4 with the endocytic machinery, not for the interaction with
      Nef. We have also exploited the observation that CD4(LL-AA) is refractory to Nef
      mediated down-modulation to provide the first experimental evidence for a
      physical interaction between Nef and CD4 in intact mammalian cells.

PMID- 13679605
TI  - In vivo characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 intersubtype
      recombination: determination of hot spots and correlation with sequence
      similarity.
AB  - Recombination plays a pivotal role in the evolutionary process of many different
      virus species, including retroviruses. Analysis of all human immunodeficiency
      virus type 1 (HIV-1) intersubtype recombinants revealed that they are more
      complex than described initially. Recombination frequency is higher within
      certain genomic regions, such as partial reverse transcriptase (RT), vif/vpr, the
      first exons of tat/rev, vpu and gp41. A direct correlation was observed between
      recombination frequency and sequence similarity across the HIV-1 genome,
      indicating that sufficient sequence similarity is required upstream of the
      recombination breakpoint. This finding suggests that recombination in vivo may
      occur preferentially during reverse transcription through the strand displacement
      assimilation model rather than the copy-choice model.

PMID- 13679606
TI  - A novel, divergent simian T-cell lymphotropic virus type 3 in a wild-caught red
      capped mangabey (Cercocebus torquatus torquatus) from Nigeria.
AB  - We present here a novel, distinct simian T-cell lymphotropic virus (STLV) found
      in a red-capped mangabey (Cercocebus torquatus) (CTO-NG409), wild-caught in
      Nigeria, that showed an HTLV-2-like Western blot (WB) seroreactivity. The
      complete genome (8920 bp) of CTO-NG409 STLV was related to but different from
      STLV-3/PHA-PH969 (13.5 %) and STLV-3/PPA-F3 (7.6 %), and STLV-3/CTO604 (11.3 %),
      found in Eritrean and Senegalese baboons, and red-capped mangabeys from Cameroon,
      respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of a conserved tax (180 bp) sequence and the
      env gene (1482 bp) confirmed the relatedness of STLV-3/CTO-NG409 to the STLV-3
      subgroup. Molecular clock analysis of env estimated that STLV-3/CTO-NG409
      diverged from East and West/Central African STLV-3s about 140,900+/-12,400 years
      ago, suggesting an ancient African origin of STLV-3. Since phylogenetic evidence
      suggests multiple interspecies transmissions of STLV-1 to humans, and given the
      antiquity and wide distribution of STLV-3 in Africa, a search for STLV-3 in human
      African populations with HTLV-2-like WB patterns is warranted.

PMID- 13679607
TI  - Recombination analysis of human-tropic porcine endogenous retroviruses.
AB  - Prevention of cross-species infection of porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERV)
      is crucial for xenotransplantation. The potential risk of infection is caused by
      replication-competent PERV as well as by hybrid viruses derived from
      recombination events of distinct PERV genomes. Recently, human-tropic,
      replication-competent PERV genomes obtaining hybrid sequences have been observed.
      Here, complete polymorphism pattern analysis was performed on the full-length
      PERV gamma1 clones and on the complete envelope (env) gene sequences published to
      date. Several recombined full-length clones and a high number of different
      recombination patterns in the env gene were identified. In addition,
      recombinations with retroviral genomes not yet known were found. Thus, the
      potential risk of infection also exists for recombination products, including
      defective PERV loci.

PMID- 13679608
TI  - Persistence and transmission of natural type I feline coronavirus infection.
AB  - To examine the mode of natural transmission and persistence of feline coronavirus
      (FCoV), FCoV strains shed by domestic cats were investigated over periods of up
      to 7 years. An RT-PCR that amplified part of the 3' end of the viral spike (S)
      gene was devised to distinguish FCoV types I and II. All but 1 of 28 strains of
      FCoV from 43 cats were type I. Nucleotide identities of the amplified 320 bp
      product from 49 type I FCoVs ranged from 79 to 100 %. The consensus partial S
      sequence of isolates recovered from persistently infected cats at time intervals
      spanning years was generally conserved. While most cats were infected with a
      single strain, a few may have been infected by more than one strain. Cats that
      were transiently infected and ceased shedding could be re-infected with either
      the same, or a different, strain. In most cases, whether a cat became
      persistently or transiently infected was independent of the virus strain.
      However, one strain was unusual in that it infected the majority of cats in the
      household simultaneously and was still being shed 18 months later. Factors that
      influence whether FCoV establishes lifelong infection in some cats and not others
      are determined mainly by the host response to infection.

PMID- 13679609
TI  - Detection of equine arteritis virus (EAV)-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocyte
      precursors from EAV-infected ponies.
AB  - Equine arteritis virus (EAV) causes a systemic infection in equids with variable
      outcome, ranging from subclinical infections to severe disease, and also has the
      capacity to induce abortion in pregnant mares and persistent infections in
      stallions. The serum virus-neutralizing antibody response that invariably
      develops in the infected animal lasts for many months or years and is believed to
      play an important role in virus clearance. However, very little is known about
      cellular immunity against EAV because of a lack of methods for evaluating these
      immune responses. In the present study, we describe methods for detecting
      cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) precursors in the peripheral blood of EAV
      convalescent ponies using a (51)Cr release cytolysis assay. Primary equine dermal
      cells, used as CTL targets, were shown to express MHC I but not MHC II and to
      retain (51)Cr efficiently and support EAV replication. Peripheral blood
      mononuclear cells (PBMC) collected from EAV-convalescent ponies that had been
      incubated with or without live EAV were used as effectors. EAV-induced PBMC
      cultures showed evidence of expansion and activation of lymphoblasts, with an
      increase in the CD8(+)/CD4(+) ratio in comparison with mock-induced PBMC. The
      cytotoxicity induced by EAV-stimulated PBMC was virus specific, showed genetic
      restriction, was mediated by CD8(+) T lymphocytes and could be detected for
      periods of 4 months to more than 1 year post-infection. These findings and
      methods will hopefully contribute to an understanding of virus-host interactions
      in horses, in particular the mechanisms of virus clearance occurring during EAV
      infection.

PMID- 13679610
TI  - Upregulation of interleukin-10 gene expression in the leukocytes of pigs infected
      with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.
AB  - Recent studies suggest that porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
      (PRRSV) may have immunomodulatory effects on the host immune system by
      upregulating interleukin (IL)-10 gene expression. To determine the effect of
      PRRSV on porcine cytokine gene expression in vivo, we infected pigs with either
      the European or North American strain of PRRSV and monitored cytokine gene
      expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and bronchoalveolar
      lavage cells (BALC) using a multiplex PCR assay. Our results showed that both
      European and North American strains of PRRSV significantly upregulated IL-10 gene
      expression in PBMC of infected pigs from 5 days post-infection (p.i.). In
      addition, upregulation of IL-10 and interferon (IFN)-gamma gene expression was
      observed in BALC starting from 9 days p.i. The upregulation of cytokine gene
      expression in BALC was observed concurrent with an increased percentage of
      lymphocytes in the BALC population, suggesting a role for peripheral leukocytes
      in cytokine production in lungs. Our results showed that PRRSV infection resulted
      in an upregulation of IL-10 gene expression in vivo and that both European and
      North American strains induced comparable levels of IL-10 gene expression in the
      infected pigs, despite differences in the clinical signs. Our data support the
      notion that induction of IL-10 production may be one of the strategies used by
      PRRSV to modulate the host's immune responses, and this may contribute to the
      unique clinical picture observed following PRRSV infection.

PMID- 13679611
TI  - Replication of hepatitis C virus RNA occurs in a membrane-bound replication
      complex containing nonstructural viral proteins and RNA.
AB  - Biochemical studies revealed that nonstructural proteins of hepatitis C virus
      (HCV) interacted with each other and were associated with intracellular
      membranes. The goals of this study were to determine whether nonstructural viral
      proteins are colocalized at specific intracellular sites where HCV RNA is
      replicated and to identify the virus components of the HCV replication complex
      (RC). Immunofluorescence and subcellular fractionation studies were performed to
      determine the intracellular colocalization of nonstructural HCV proteins and the
      replicating RNA in a human hepatoma cell line, Huh7, in which a subgenomic HCV
      RNA was replicated persistently. The replicating HCV RNA was labelled with 5
      bromouridine 5'-triphosphate (BrUTP). Results show that each of the nonstructural
      HCV proteins was colocalized predominantly with the newly synthesized HCV RNA
      labelled with BrUTP and an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein, calnexin.
      Consistent with these findings, subcellular fractionation and Western blot
      analyses revealed that the nonstructural HCV proteins were colocalized with HCV
      RNA mainly in the membrane fractions. Conversely, the viral nonstructural
      proteins and RNA remained in the soluble fractions upon treatment with detergent,
      confirming the membrane association of the HCV RC. HCV RNA in the membrane-bound
      RC was resistant to RNase treatment, whereas it became sensitive to RNases once
      the membranes were disrupted by treatment with detergent, suggesting that the HCV
      RC is assembled within membrane structures. Collectively, these findings
      demonstrate that HCV RNA replication occurs in the perinuclear ER membrane-bound
      HCV RC, containing nonstructural viral proteins and RNA.

PMID- 13679612
TI  - Identification of a dengue virus type 2 (DEN-2) serotype-specific B-cell epitope
      and detection of DEN-2-immunized animal serum samples using an epitope-based
      peptide antigen.
AB  - In this study, a serotype-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb), D(2) 16-1 (Ab4),
      against dengue virus type 2 (DEN-2) was generated. The specificity of Ab4, which
      recognized DEN-2 non-structural protein 1, was determined by ELISA,
      immunofluorescence and immunoblotting analyses. The serotype-specific B-cell
      epitope of Ab4 was identified further from a random phage-displayed peptide
      library; selected phage clones reacted specifically with Ab4 and did not react
      with other mAbs. Immunopositive phage clones displayed a consensus motif, His
      Arg/Lys-Leu/Ile, and a synthetic peptide corresponding to the phage-displayed
      peptide bound specifically to Ab4. The His and Arg residues in this epitope were
      found to be crucial for peptide binding to Ab4 and binding activity decreased
      dramatically when these residues were changed to Leu. The epitope-based synthetic
      peptide not only identified serum samples from DEN-2-immunized mice and rabbits
      by ELISA but also differentiated clearly between serum samples from DEN-2- and
      Japanese encephalitis virus-immunized mice. This mAb and its epitope-based
      peptide antigen will be useful for serologic diagnosis of DEN-2 infection.
      Furthermore, DEN-2 epitope identification makes it feasible to dissect antibody
      responses to DEN and to address the role of antibodies in the pathogenesis of
      primary and secondary DEN-2 infections.

PMID- 13679613
TI  - Dengue virus M protein contains a proapoptotic sequence referred to as ApoptoM.
AB  - The induction of apoptotic cell death is a prominent cytopathic effect of dengue
      (DEN) viruses. One of the key questions to be addressed is which viral components
      induce apoptosis in DEN virus-infected cells. This study investigated whether the
      small membrane (M) protein was involved in the induction of apoptosis by DEN
      virus. This was addressed by using a series of enhanced green fluorescent protein
      fused DEN proteins. Evidence is provided that intracellular production of the M
      ectodomains (residues M-1 to M-40) of all four DEN serotypes triggered apoptosis
      in host cells such as mouse neuroblastoma Neuro 2a and human hepatoma HepG2
      cells. The M ectodomains of the wild-type strains of Japanese encephalitis, West
      Nile and yellow fever viruses also had proapoptotic properties. The export of the
      M ectodomain from the Golgi apparatus to the plasma membrane appeared to be
      essential for the initiation of apoptosis. The study found that anti-apoptosis
      protein Bcl-2 protected HepG2 cells against the death-promoting activity of the
      DEN M ectodomain. This suggests that the M ectodomain exerts its cytotoxic
      effects by activating a mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. The cytotoxicity of the
      DEN M ectodomain reflected the intrinsic proapoptotic properties of the nine
      carboxy-terminal amino acids (residues M-32 to M-40) designated ApoptoM: Residue
      M-36 was unique in that it modulated the death-promoting activity of the M
      ectodomain. Defining the ApoptoM-activated signalling pathways leading to
      apoptosis will provide the basis for studying how the M protein might play a key
      role in the fate of the flavivirus-infected cells.

PMID- 13679614
TI  - Association of Japanese encephalitis virus NS3 protein with microtubules and
      tumour susceptibility gene 101 (TSG101) protein.
AB  - Previously reported findings by our group showed that non-structural protein 3
      (NS3) of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) was localized mainly in the JEV
      induced convoluted membrane (CM), which has been proposed to originate from rough
      endoplasmic reticulum (rER), Golgi apparatus or the trans-Golgi network (TGN),
      and serves as a reservoir for viral proteins during virus assembly. Earlier
      findings indicated that NS3 of Kunjin virus interacts with microtubules. In
      addition, one of the Golgi-associated proteins, tumour susceptibility protein 101
      (TSG101), associates with microtubules and is required for budding of retroviral
      particles. To clarify the association of NS3 with microtubules or with TSG101
      during JEV assembly, we applied immunofluorescence, co-immunoprecipitation and
      immunoelectron microscopic methods. Virus infection, as well as transfection with
      an NS2B-NS3 expression plasmid, induced microtubule rearrangement. When cells
      were treated with colchicine, which interferes with microtubule polymerization,
      NS3 still associated with tubulin and TSG101. Furthermore, tubulin and TSG101
      were co-localized with NS3 in the CM by immunogold labelling. Our observations
      indicate that microtubules and TSG101 associate with NS3, which is incorporated
      into the JEV-induced structure during JEV replication.

PMID- 13679615
TI  - Serological evidence of West Nile virus, Usutu virus and Sindbis virus infection
      of birds in the UK.
AB  - The introduction and rapid dispersal of the African flavivirus West Nile virus
      (WNV) throughout North America, and the high fatality rate due to encephalitis in
      birds, horses, other wildlife species and humans, has attracted major attention
      worldwide. Usutu virus, another flavivirus, came to prominence in 2001, when it
      was identified as the agent responsible for a drop in the bird population in
      Austria; previously this encephalitic virus was found only in birds and
      mosquitoes in Africa. Sindbis virus, a pathogenic alphavirus that causes
      arthritis, is widespread throughout Africa, Europe, Asia and Australia, infecting
      a range of arthropods and vertebrates and is genetically related to encephalitic
      viruses in North America. Currently there is no evidence that any of these
      viruses cause disease in the UK. Here the presence of virus-specific neutralizing
      antibodies is reported in the sera of resident and migrant birds in the UK,
      implying that each of these viruses is being introduced to UK birds, possibly by
      mosquitoes. This is supported by nucleotide sequencing that identified three
      slightly different sequences of WNV RNA in tissues of magpies and a blackbird.
      The detection of specific neutralizing antibodies to WNV in birds provides a
      plausible explanation for the lack of evidence of a decrease in the bird
      population in the UK compared with North America. The potential health risk posed
      to humans and animals by these viruses circulating in the UK is discussed.

PMID- 13679616
TI  - Pathogenesis of poliovirus infection in PVRTg mice: poliovirus replicates in
      peritoneal macrophages.
AB  - The pathogenesis of poliovirus infection, responsible for the induction of a
      poliovirus-specific mucosal immune response following intraperitoneal (i.p.)
      inoculation of virus in mice transgenic for the poliovirus receptor (PVRTg mice),
      was studied. Following inoculation of poliovirus, replication was determined by
      increase in virus titre (TCID(50)) and by PCR of poliovirus-specific negative
      strand RNA in peritoneal macrophages, mesenteric lymph nodes, Peyer's patches,
      duodenum, brain, kidney and liver. The presence of poliovirus antigens in several
      cell types was detected by immunolabelling. It was demonstrated that poliovirus
      replicated in the peritoneal macrophages of PVRTg mice, since the virus titre in
      peritoneal cells was increased compared to the titre in the inoculum. Negative
      strand RNA was detected in these cells and most of the poliovirus-immunostained
      cells had the morphology of macrophages and expressed the macrophage-specific
      markers CD86 and M1/70 on their surface. Furthermore, in peritoneal lavage,
      poliovirus was also present in CD19(+) B cells, but not in dendritic or T cells.
      Moreover, poliovirus was detected in macrophage-like cells in the lamina propria
      of the intestine, but not in epithelial cells. Replication of poliovirus in
      mesenteric lymph nodes, Peyer's patches and brain was followed by excretion of
      virus in the faeces. This suggests that the virus is transported due to migration
      of macrophages from the peritoneal cavity to mesenteric lymph nodes and the
      lamina propria of Peyer's patches. It is likely that this route is responsible
      for the induction of virus-specific IgA in the gut.

PMID- 13679617
TI  - Mouse respiratory epithelial cells support efficient replication of human
      rhinovirus.
AB  - Human rhinoviruses (HRV) are responsible for the majority of virus infections of
      the upper respiratory tract. Furthermore, HRV infection is associated with acute
      exacerbation of asthma and other chronic respiratory diseases of the lower
      respiratory tract. A small animal model of HRV-induced disease is required for
      the development of new therapies. However, existing mouse models of HRV infection
      are difficult to work with and until recently mouse cell lines were thought to be
      generally non-permissive for HRV replication in vitro. In this report we
      demonstrate that a virus of the minor receptor group, HRV1B, can infect and
      replicate in a mouse respiratory epithelial cell line (LA-4) more efficiently
      than in a mouse fibroblast cell line (L). The major receptor group virus HRV16
      requires human intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) for cell entry and
      therefore cannot infect LA-4 cells. However, transfection of in vitro-transcribed
      HRV16 RNA resulted in the replication of viral RNA and production of infectious
      virus. Expression of a chimeric ICAM-1 molecule, comprising mouse ICAM-1 with
      extracellular domains 1 and 2 replaced by the equivalent human domains, rendered
      the otherwise non-permissive mouse respiratory epithelial cell line susceptible
      to entry and efficient replication of HRV16. These observations suggest that the
      development of mouse models of respiratory tract infection by major as well as
      minor group HRV should be pursued.

PMID- 13679618
TI  - Identification of a calicivirus isolate of unknown origin.
AB  - Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells manifesting striking cytopathogenic changes in
      culture were investigated to determine the causative agent. Electron microscopic
      analyses revealed viral particles of about 40 nm in diameter, displaying typical
      calicivirus morphology. To date, this virus, designated isolate 2117, exclusively
      replicates in CHO cells, achieving only moderate titres. After cloning, the
      coding region of 7928 nucleotides, the 3' non-coding region and the poly(A) tail
      were sequenced. The genome consists of three open reading frames (ORFs), with the
      first and second ORF having the same reading frame. The overall genomic
      organization as well as the nucleotide sequence of isolate 2117 is most similar
      to that of a recently described canine calicivirus, but also shows significant
      similarity to the sequences of mink calicivirus and other caliciviruses within
      the genus Vesivirus: In Western blots, using antibodies against the viral
      protease, a stable, unprocessed 3CD protein of 68 kDa was identified in
      homogenates of 2117-infected CHO cells. Furthermore, antibodies raised against
      ORF 3 reacted with the respective protein in 2117-virions, demonstrating that
      this predicted 9 kDa protein is a minor structural component of the virion. In
      addition, an RT-PCR assay was established to detect 2117 viral RNA in biological
      products such as foetal bovine serum, which will aid the discovery of the origin
      and host of the virus.

PMID- 13679619
TI  - Virions of Pariacoto virus contain a minor protein translated from the second AUG
      codon of the capsid protein open reading frame.
AB  - Virions of the alphanodavirus Pariacoto virus (PaV) have T=3 icosahedral symmetry
      and are assembled from multiple copies of a precursor protein that is cleaved
      into two mature capsid proteins after assembly. The crystal structure of PaV
      shows that the N-terminal approximately 30 amino acid residues of the subunits
      surrounding the 5-fold axes interact extensively with icosahedrally ordered
      regions of the encapsidated positive-sense genomic RNAs. We found that wild-type
      PaV particles also contain a minor capsid protein that is truncated by 24
      residues at its N terminus. Reverse genetic experiments showed that translation
      of this protein initiated at the second AUG of the capsid protein open reading
      frame. When either the longer or shorter version of the capsid protein was
      expressed independently of the other, it assembled into virus particles and
      underwent maturational cleavage. Virions that lacked the shorter capsid protein
      retained infectivity for cultured insect cells and Galleria mellonella larvae.

PMID- 13679620
TI  - The ability of a bymovirus to overcome the rym4-mediated resistance in barley
      correlates with a codon change in the VPg coding region on RNA1.
AB  - The genome difference(s) that enable the European pathotype 2 isolates of Barley
      yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV-2) to infect barley genotypes with the rym4 resistance
      gene were investigated. Stable deletions of different sizes occurred in RNA2 of
      laboratory isolates of the common pathotype (BaYMV-1) and BaYMV-2. After
      mechanical inoculation of susceptible or rym4 genotypes with a mixture of both
      isolates, immunocapture-RT-PCR with RNA2-specific primers flanking stable
      deletion regions was used to detect and distinguish the two pathotypes.
      Individual leaves contained RNA2 of either or both isolates, showing that RNA2 of
      BaYMV-1 can replicate and move systemically in rym4 plants when co-inoculated
      with BaYMV-2. In contrast, sequences of RNA1-specific RT-PCR fragments showed
      that in resistant plants these were always BaYMV-2, suggesting that the
      pathogenicity determinant was on RNA1. The complete ORFs of RNA1 of three BaYMV-1
      and four BaYMV-2 isolates from the UK and Germany were sequenced, and the RNA2
      sequences of one BaYMV-1 and two BaYMV-2 isolates from the UK were also
      determined. All sequences were very similar to one another and to the published
      German BaYMV-1 isolate. The only consistent amino acid difference between the
      BaYMV-1 and BaYMV-2 isolates was in the RNA1-encoded polyproteins and this was
      confirmed by sequencing the relevant region of eight further German isolates. All
      BaYMV-1 isolates had lysine at aa 1307, whereas BaYMV-2 isolates had asparagine
      (or, in one isolate, histidine). The polymorphism occurred in the central region
      of VPg, which has been shown to be required for pathogenicity on genotypes
      carrying recessive resistance genes in several potyvirus/dicotyledonous plant
      pathosystems.

PMID- 13679621
TI  - The central and C-terminal domains of VPg of Clover yellow vein virus are
      important for VPg-HCPro and VPg-VPg interactions.
AB  - Interactions between the major proteins of Clover yellow vein virus (ClYVV) were
      investigated using a GAL4 transcription activator-based yeast two-hybrid system
      (YTHS). Self-interactions manifested by VPg and HCPro and an interaction between
      NIb and NIaPro were observed in ClYVV. In addition, a strong HCPro-VPg
      interaction was detected by both YTHS and by in vitro far-Western blot analysis
      in ClYVV. A potyvirus HCPro-VPg interaction has not been reported previously.
      Using YTHS, domains in ClYVV for the VPg self-interaction and the HCPro-VPg
      interaction were mapped. The VPg C-terminal region (38 amino acids) was important
      for the VPg-VPg interaction and the central 19 amino acids were needed for the
      HCPro-VPg interaction.

PMID- 13679622
TI  - Fluorescent labelling reveals spatial separation of potyvirus populations in
      mixed infected Nicotiana benthamiana plants.
AB  - The distribution of potyviruses in mixed infected Nicotiana benthamiana plants
      was investigated by using green and red fluorescent proteins (GFP, DsRed). Full
      length cDNA clones of Plum pox virus (PPV-NAT-AgfpS; PPV-NAT-red), Tobacco vein
      mottling virus (TVMV-gfp; TVMV-red) and Clover yellow vein virus (ClYVV-GFP)
      expressing fluorescent proteins, referred to here as labelled viruses, were used
      to characterize the distribution of different potyviral populations (e.g. TVMV
      gfp/PPV-NAT-red), as well as populations of identical, but differently labelled
      potyviruses (e.g. PPV-NAT-AgfpS/PPV-NAT-red) or in mixed infections of
      potyviruses with labelled Potato virus X (PVX). Plants infected by any of the
      PVX/potyvirus combinations exhibited synergistic symptoms and large numbers of
      cells were doubly infected. In contrast, co-infections of differently labelled
      potyvirus populations appeared non-synergistic and remained predominantly
      separate in the infected plants, independent of whether different viruses or
      identical but differently labelled viruses were co-infecting. Contact of
      differently labelled virus populations that exhibited spatial separation was
      restricted to a small number of cells at the border of different fluorescent cell
      clusters.

PMID- 13679623
TI  - Suppressor activity of potyviral and cucumoviral infections in potyvirus-induced
      transgene silencing.
AB  - The process known as 'recovery' by which virus-infected plants become resistant
      to the infection is an interesting phenomenon where both RNA silencing and virus
      resistance fully converge. In a previous study, we showed that transgenic
      Nicotiana benthamiana NIbV3 plants, transformed with a mutated NIb coding
      sequence from Plum pox virus (PPV), showed a delayed, very specific, resistance
      phenotype, which was induced by the initial infection. This recovery was the
      consequence of the activation of an RNA silencing mechanism in the PPV-infected
      plant, which took place even though PPV encodes a silencing suppressor (HCPro).
      Making use of plants regenerated from the recovered tissue, which maintained the
      transgene silencing/virus resistance phenotype, we have demonstrated that both
      Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Tobacco vein mottling virus (TVMV), expressing
      the silencing suppressor 2b and HCPro, respectively, were able to reactivate
      transgene expression. Surprisingly, only the silencing suppression caused by CMV,
      but not that originating from TVMV, was able to revert the recovered NIbV3 plants
      to a PPV-susceptible phenotype.

PMID- 13679624
TI  - Association of an 11-12 kDa protease-resistant prion protein fragment with
      subtypes of dura graft-associated Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and other prion
      diseases.
AB  - Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease can develop in subjects given a cadaveric dura mater
      graft (dCJD). This disease has a phenotypic heterogeneity despite the lack of
      genetic variation. Numerous plaque-type prion protein (PrP) deposits are found in
      the brain of some but not all subjects; hence, there may be two subtypes of this
      clinical entity. To validate dCJD subtypes further, we carried out a larger-scale
      clinicopathological analysis and typing of protease-resistant PrP (PrP(Sc)) in
      dCJD cases. Cases with plaque-type PrP deposits (p-dCJD) were shown to be
      distinct from those without PrP plaques (np-dCJD), from several
      clinicopathological aspects. Analysis of PrP(Sc) revealed that, while the major
      PrP(Sc) species from both subtypes was of 21 kDa after deglycosylation (type 1
      PrP(Sc)), a C-terminal PrP fragment of 11-12 kDa (fPrP11-12) was associated with
      np-dCJD but not with p-dCJD. The disease type-specific association of fPrP11-12
      was also observed in subjects with other prion diseases. An fPrP11-12-like C
      terminal PrP fragment was detected in brain lysates from patients associated with
      fPrP11-12, but not from patients or normal subjects unassociated with fPrP11-12.
      Results indicated that fPrP was produced by CJD-associated processes in vivo. The
      present data provide several lines of evidence that support the need for
      subtyping of dCJD and contribute to the understanding of the processing of
      disease-specific PrP species. The unique relationship of fPrP11-12 with CJD
      phenotype supports the view that the phenotypic heterogeneity of CJD is related
      to the formation of different types of disease-specific PrP and fragments
      thereof.

PMID- 13679625
TI  - When is behavioral data evidence for a control theory? Tau-coupling revisited.
AB  - Before an aspect of a movement that is predicted by a control theory can be
      considered as evidence for that theory, it should be clear that this aspect is
      not the result of some other property of the movement. We investigate whether
      this condition is met in studies that claim to provide evidence for the tau
      coupling theory. This theory proposes that moving targets are intercepted at a
      specified goal zone by maintaining a constant ratio between the tau (time to
      closure) of the gap between the hand and the goal zone and the tau of the gap
      between the hand and the moving target. In line with the theory, previous
      research has found a linear relationship between these two decreasing taus during
      the last part of such a movement. To investigate whether this linear relationship
      was a side-effect of smooth successful movements, we modeled smooth ballistic
      hand movements that were independent of the target's movement but led to
      successful interception. We found that the resulting taus of decreasing gaps were
      also related linearly. We conclude that this relationship cannot be considered as
      evidence for the tau-coupling theory.

PMID- 13679626
TI  - Slow motor performance in girls with Turner Syndrome is not related to increased
      neuromotor noise.
AB  - This study examined the relationship between decreased speed-accuracy trade-off
      and increased neuromotor noise in girls with Turner Syndrome (TS). Fifteen girls
      with TS and 15 age-matched controls performed isometric force contractions with
      both index fingers separately at 5 force levels, based on their maximum voluntary
      contraction. The results revealed that (a) groups did not differ in speed
      accuracy tradeoff or neuromotor noise, (b) output-variability increased linearly
      with force level, (c) signal-to-noise ratio changed according to an inverted U
      shaped function, (d) broadening in the frequency profile is highest at the lower
      force levels, (e) with increasing force level, the power peak in the 0-4 Hz
      domain dominates, (f) frequency profile broadens more in the dominant hand. These
      findings suggest that, in girls with TS, motor performance is not diminished in
      an isometric force task, that motor recruitment is intact, and that neuromotor
      noise is not increased. The findings are discussed with respect to motor control
      and neuromotor noise.

PMID- 13679627
TI  - Interactions between rhythmic and discrete components in a bimanual task.
AB  - An asymmetric bimanual task was investigated in which participants performed a
      rhythmic movement with their dominant arm and initiated a second movement with
      their nondominant arm at a random phase of the continued oscillations. The
      objective was to examine whether different constraints existed between rhythmic
      and discrete movements and, more generally, whether rhythmic and discrete
      movements can be regarded as two different movement primitives. Participants
      performed rhythmic forearm rotations at 1 of 4 prescribed metronome periods.
      After a random interval, a trigger signaled to initiate either a discrete or
      rhythmic movement with the left forearm as fast as possible while continuing the
      oscillations. Analyses extracted the mutual influences that the two movements
      exerted on each other and contrasted discrete-rhythmic and rhythmic-rhythmic
      coupling. (a) The initiation of the rhythmic movement was constrained to occur in
      phase with the ongoing rhythmic movement, while the discrete movement could be
      initiated at any arbitrary phase. (b) Reaction time of the initiated rhythmic
      movement scaled with the oscillation period, while the discrete movement's
      reaction time was invariant across periods. (c) Peak velocity of the initiated
      movement scaled with the oscillatory period in both tasks but more strongly in
      the discrete movement. (d) Synchronization of EMG bursts of both arm flexors was
      evident in both tasks but more strongly in the rhythmic-rhythmic combination. The
      results are interpreted as support for the hypothesis that discrete and rhythmic
      actions are two different control regimes, and coupling occurs at a higher level
      in the central nervous system.

PMID- 13679628
TI  - On the nature of stopping an earlier intended voluntary action.
AB  - The ability to inhibit an earlier intended action in a stop-signal task is
      commonly assessed using the measures of latency and probability. The usual
      findings from stop-signal trials of lower response probabilities and shorter
      reaction latencies at reduced stop-signal delays were reported, as described in
      previous studies in terms of an independent race between stochastic processes. In
      addition, using the less common measure of amplitude, a continuum of reductions
      in surface EMG onsets was reported. Weakened motor discharges have yet to be
      explained in terms of a mechanism of inhibitory control. Using computer
      simulations of neural functioning, the properties of independence and non
      independence were examined for their effects on motor pool output in terms of
      probability, latency, and EMG onsets. The data provided support to question the
      requirement of independent processes for a theory of inhibitory control.

PMID- 13679629
TI  - Drift in blind reciprocal aiming movements.
AB  - There is anecdotal evidence of drift in various reciprocal motor tasks, but as
      far as is known, no investigations into this phenomenon have been reported. Yet,
      systematic drift can potentially explain a significant proportion of the total
      variability in motor output. Three experiments were conducted to ascertain the
      nature of drift in reciprocal aiming tasks and to develop methods and measures to
      isolate and quantify drift for analyses. We also evaluated a computational
      posture-based model of reaching movements with respect to the findings of the
      experiments. Drift was observed in all three experiments, generally toward the
      middle of the joint motility range. Simulations based on the model produced drift
      to the middle of the task movement range rather than middle of the joint movement
      range. Adding noise to the model could increase its power for simulating the
      underlying principles of movement control as reflected in performance features
      such as drift.

PMID- 13679631
TI  - The Fas/Fas ligand system and cancer: immune privilege and apoptosis.
AB  - The Fas/FasL system has been suggested to play an important role in the
      establishment of immune privilege status for tumors by inducing Fas-mediated
      apoptosis in tumor-specific lymphocytes. However, the role of cell-surface
      expressed FasL in tumor cell protection has recently become controversial. Our
      laboratory has focused on the study of the role of the Fas/FasL system in the
      normal tissue remodeling of the female reproductive tract and in immune
      privileged organs. Our studies have demonstrated a connection between sex
      hormones and the regulation of the Fas/FasL pathway in immune and reproductive
      cells. More recently, we have investigated the resistance of tumor cells to Fas
      mediated apoptosis. We have also characterized a new form of FasL, different from
      the classical membranal form, which is secreted by ovarian cancer cells. In this
      review we describe the main techniques used in these studies.

PMID- 13679632
TI  - Potentiated autologous tumor cell and peripheral blood lymphocyte lysate
      vaccination.
AB  - Immune stimulation is a promising prospect in cancer therapy. Immunotherapy may
      be local or systemic, aspecific or targeted and may use monoclonal antibodies or
      vaccines. The aim of using vaccines is to stimulate the body to produce its own
      antibodies. Autologous tumor-cell vaccination has no contraindications or side
      effects, since the patients own materials (lymphocytes, tumor cells) are used. We
      describe a method for producing an autologous cancer vaccine. The material to be
      injected as a vaccine derives from a mixed culture of autologous lymphocytes
      cocultured with autologous cancer cells. Peripheral blood lymphocytes are
      obtained by lymphocytapheresis. Cancer cells may be obtained from tissue biopsies
      or biological fluids, or from long-term cultures from the patient who is to be
      vaccinated. The culture medium (RPMI 1640) is free of fetal calf serum (FCS). The
      coculture is mixed with autologous plasma in a 1:1 ratio with the addition of 200
      IU of recombinant human interleukin-2/mL, and is incubated at 37 degrees C in a
      humidified 5% CO2-enriched atmosphere for 48 h. The cocultured material is
      frozen, thawed to lyse cells, aliquoted and stored at -20 degrees C.

PMID- 13679633
TI  - Laser immunotherapy: a novel treatment modality for metastatic tumors.
AB  - Laser immunotherapy is a novel approach for the treatment of metastatic tumors.
      It combines a selective photothermal laser-tissue interaction for direct tumor
      destruction and an immunoadjuvant-directed simulation for immune responses. In
      experiments using a rat metastatic tumor model, laser immunotherapy resulted in
      the eradication of both treated primary tumors and untreated metastases at remote
      sites. It also induced anti-tumor resistance.

PMID- 13679634
TI  - Detection of anti-tumor immunity induced by laser immunotherapy.
AB  - Metastatic mammary tumors in rats were treated by laser immunotherapy. Tumors
      injected by a laserabsorbing dye and an immunoadjuvant were irradiated non
      invasively by a near-infrared laser. The successfully cured rats developed a long
      term resistance to repeated tumor challenges. Using the sera from cured rats as
      the source of primary antibodies, immune responses induced by laser immunotherapy
      were observed in both cellular and molecular levels using histochemical assays
      and Western blot analysis.

PMID- 13679635
TI  - Mimotopes of tumor-associated T-cell epitopes for cancer vaccines determined with
      combinatorial peptide libraries.
AB  - Cytotoxic T-cells are the most important effector cells in immune responses
      against tumors. The identification of tumor-associated epitopes for these cells,
      therefore, has become a key aspect of the development of cancer vaccines. Here,
      we describe a new approach to the determination of tumor-associated T-cell
      epitopes which employs combinatorial peptide libraries with singly defined
      sequence positions in a randomized context. The analysis of the responses of a T
      cell clone to these libraries yields the amino acid constituents of the epitope
      which can be combined to obtain mimotopes that are suitable as vaccine antigens
      for the induction of tumor-specific responses.

PMID- 13679630
TI  - Recombinant antibodies for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
AB  - The advent of recombinant antibody technology led to an enormous revival in the
      use of antibodies as diagnostic and therapeutic tools for fighting cancer. This
      review provides a brief historical sketch of the development of recombinant
      antibodies for the diagnosis and immunotherapy of cancer and summarizes the most
      significant clinical data for the best established reagents to date. It also
      discusses clinically relevant aspects of the use of recombinant antibodies in
      cancer patients.

PMID- 13679636
TI  - Hybrid-cell vaccines for cancer immune therapy.
AB  - Hybrid cells generated by fusing allogenic-presenting cells, such as dendritic
      cells, with tumor cells are a new tool in cancer immunotherapy which are designed
      to enhance the immunogenicity of antigenic tumors by presenting the whole
      spectrum of tumor-associated antigens, by providing the co-stimulatory molecules
      required for T-cell activation, and by the expression of allogenic MHC molecules
      for recruitment and activation of T-cell help. This approach has been
      successfully tested in animal models as well as in clinical phaseI/II trials with
      various tumors. Besides clinical repsonses, induction of tumor-specific cytolytic
      Tcells were observed. The electrofusion protocol described here has the advantage
      of high fusion efficiency, high hybrid-cell viability, as well as high
      reproducibility, and can be used for various tumor cell types after minor
      adjustments are made to the instrument settings in order to process large numbers
      of dendritic cells with consistent efficiencies.

PMID- 13679637
TI  - Biochemical determination of natural tumor-associated T-cell epitopes.
AB  - The knowledge of tumor-associated T-cell epitopes is important for the
      understanding of tumor biology and the development of cancer vaccines. We
      describe here a biochemical approach for the identification of tumor-associated T
      cell epitopes. Peptides are extracted from immunoaffinity isolated MHC class I
      molecules of tumor cells and separated by HPLC. The HPLC fractions are then
      tested for biological activity of the peptides which are then sequenced by mass
      spectrometry. The tumor association of the identified T-cell epitopes is
      confirmed using synthetic analogs and T-cells of cancer patients.

PMID- 13679638
TI  - Modification of tumor cells with Fas (CD95) antigen gene and Fas ligand (CD95L)
      gene transfection by electroporation for immunotherapy of cancer.
AB  - Electroporation is a method for introducing DNA into cells by using a high
      voltage electric field. This method is very simple and easily manipulated. We
      describe here a method for the modification of tumor cells with the Fas/Apo-1
      (CD95) antigen-gene and Fas ligand (FasL)-gene transfection through the use of
      electroporation, and suggest that the Fas-FasL system is a good target for the
      induction of apoptosis-mediated antitumor activity. The Fas receptor/ligand
      system induces apoptosis and plays an important role in regulation of the immune
      system. In the method described, hepatoma MH134 (Fas- and FasL-) is transfected
      with murine Fas and FasL cDNA. A single administration of monoclonal anti-Fas
      antibody efficiently suppresses the growth of F6b (MH134+Neo+Fas) tumors but not
      that of N1d (MH134+Neo) tumors in gld/gld lpr/lpr mice. MH134+Neo+FasL tumor
      cells were rejected after the induction of inflammation with infiltration of
      neutrophils in mice. These results suggest that electroporation and Fas-mediated
      apoptosis are a good method for inducing of antitumor activity.

PMID- 13679639
TI  - A novel method for modification of tumor cells with bacterial superantigen with a
      heterobifunctional cross-linking agent in immunotherapy of cancer.
AB  - Bacterial superantigens (SAGs) bind to cognate Vbeta elements of T-cell receptors
      on T-cells and to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules on
      antigen-presenting cells to activate T-cell subsets expressing the Vbeta
      elements. We examined the possibility that the direct binding of SAGs
      (staphylococcal enterotoxins B [SEB] and A [SEA]) to tumor cells decreases the
      toxicity of SAGs, and that antitumor immunity can be induced with the aid of T
      helper-1 (Th1)-type cytokines and monokines released from T-cells and monocytes,
      respectively, by activation with SAGs. In this context, we have developed a
      general method for conjugating SEB and SEA directly to tumor cells with a
      heterobifunctional cross linking agent, N-(gamma- maleimidobutyryloxy)
      sulfosuccinimide sodium salt. Using this method, we have succeeded in conjugating
      SEB to a sufficient extent as to induce strong tumor immunity. Both in vitro T
      cell culture with SEB-bearing Meth A cells and in vivo immunization with SEB
      bearing Meth A cells induce strong antitumor activity. These results suggest that
      the direct conjugation of SAGs including SEB and SEA to tumor cells is a powerful
      and useful method for immunotherapy of cancer.

PMID- 13679642
TI  - Strategies to increase the resectability of liver metastases from colorectal
      cancer.
AB  - Liver resection can provide long-term survival and cure for patients with
      colorectal liver metastases but is feasible in only 15-25% of patients. In the
      last few years several major developments have contributed to increase this
      resectability rate. Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy can provide response rates as high
      as 50%, allowing surgery in about 10-15% of patients initially deemed
      unresectable. Patients requiring extensive liver resections with an anticipated
      small residual liver volume can undergo portal vein embolization to reduce the
      risk of postoperative liver failure by inducing hypertrophy of the remnant liver.
      Extensive bilobar disease can be treated by two-stage hepatectomy, with an
      interval to allow liver regeneration. Ablation techniques can be combined with
      hepatic resection to reduce local recurrence from incomplete surgical resection
      margins or to destroy contralateral tumor deposits. Finally, for patients with
      tumors involving the inferior vena cava or the hepatic veins, in which
      conventional resection is not feasible, in situ hypothermia or bench resection
      with reimplantation are suitable for very selected patients. Downstaging
      strategies may increase the resectability rate of colorectal liver metastases by
      over 20%.

PMID- 13679640
TI  - Preparation of peptide-loaded dendritic cells for cancer immunotherapy.
AB  - Dendritic cell-based vaccines are being evaluated in clinical trials to determine
      their ability to activate clinically relevant tumor antigen-specific immune
      responses. Although some groups isolate dendritic cells from peripheral blood,
      most have found it more efficient to generate large numbers from peripheral blood
      progenitors, particularly plastic adherent or CD14+ monocytes, in media
      supplemented with GM-CSF and IL-4. These DC may then be matured, if desired, and
      loaded with antigen, such as tumor-associated peptides, prior to administration.
      We describe the scheme that we are currently using to generate peptide-loaded
      dendritic cells for our clinical trials of cancer immunotherapy.

PMID- 13679643
TI  - Venous thrombosis: the history of knowledge.
AB  - Venous thrombosis is a frequent disease. It is surprising, therefore, that no
      case truly compatible with a diagnosis of venous thrombosis was apparently
      reported in the antiquity. There is no case that could be reasonably attributed
      to a venous thrombus in the writings of Hippocrates, Galenus, Celius Aurelianus,
      Ibn an-Nafiz, Avicenna and others. Venous thrombosis is not among the many
      diseases mentioned in the Bible. The term "leucophlegmasia", first used by
      Hippocrates and then by Celius Aurelianus, refers to cases of bilateral leg
      edema, most likely due to conditions such as heart failure, liver cirrhosis and
      renal insufficiency. Nothing compatible with a diagnosis of venous thrombosis can
      be found in pieces of art from ancient Egypt, Greece, Rome, Persia and South
      America. While in these sources there are sometimes representations of varicose
      veins and ulcers, unilateral leg edema or other pictures compatible with venous
      thrombosis are not featured. The first well documented case of venous thrombosis
      is depicted in a beautifully illustrated manuscript written in the 13th century
      and currently preserved in Paris at the Bibliotheque Nationale (MS Fr 2829, Folio
      87). The manuscript describes the case of a young man from Normandy named Raoul
      who at the age of twenty developed unilateral edema in the right ankle that
      subsequently extended up to the thigh, with no obvious symptoms in the
      contralateral leg. Raoul was advised to visit the tomb of Saint Louis who was
      buried in the church of Saint Denis, where the patient spent several days
      confessing his sins and praying the saint. Afterwards he chose to collect the
      dust accumulating below the stone that covered the tomb and to apply it on the
      fistulae and ulcers of his foot. The openings stopped running and were filled
      with flesh. He was first obliged to use crutches but subsequently he could walk
      with a cane, to be eventually able to dispose of all devices, even though his
      foot throbbed a little. Raoul was cured as described above in the year 1271 and
      was still alive and well in 1282. Not only this is the first case of venous
      thrombosis, the young age of the patients leads us to suspect that Raoul had a
      thrombophilic condition.

PMID- 13679644
TI  - Haemostatic gene polymorphisms in venous and arterial thrombosis.
AB  - Haemostatic gene polymorphisms are potential risk factors for thrombosis.
      Considerable attention has been focussed on identifying risk alleles. Progress
      has undoubtedly been made in venous thrombosis. Factor V Leiden and the
      prothrombin G20210A substitution are now established risk factors, and a number
      of other polymorphisms are candidates. The initial promise that genetic risk
      factors might contribute appreciably to an explanation of the development of
      arterial thrombotic disorders has largely been unfulfilled and the expectations
      raised by early reports of positive associations have been tempered by
      inconsistent results with almost all genes studied. The problems seen in arterial
      disease are replicated in investigations of other complex diseases. In the
      optimistic rush to show positive associations of genetic factors with diseases,
      sight has been lost of the need for stringent study design. Furthermore, the
      scale of studies needed to produce reproducible conclusions has been
      underestimated. The lessons learnt from accumulated experience should now enable
      progress to be made.

PMID- 13679645
TI  - Glanzmann thrombasthenia: a model disease which paved the way to powerful
      therapeutic agents.
AB  - Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) is an autosomal recessive bleeding disorder
      characterized by deficient or dysfunctional glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa compexes.
      The hallmark of the disease is impaired platelet aggregation stemming from
      defective fibrinogen binding to GPIIb/IIIa. Based on deciphering the abnormality
      in GT a monoclonal antibody, peptides and peptidominetic agents, all interfering
      with fibrinogen binding to GPIIb/III complex, have been developed and
      successfully used to create a transient thrombasthenia-like state in patients
      with imminent arterial thrombosis. Currently, the main benefit afforded by these
      agents has been observed in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary
      interventions who are at high risk of thrombosis but more indications for their
      use are evolving.

PMID- 13679646
TI  - Biochemistry and clinical pharmacology of new anticoagulant agents.
AB  - New anticoagulants have been designed using advances in the biotechnology and the
      biochemistry of the clotting factors. They are classified according to their
      target or their mechanism of action (AT-dependent or AT-independent).
      Antithrombotic activity after oral administration is another important property.
      This abstract is restricted to the synthetic pentasaccharide and the
      ximelagatran/melagatran. Fondaparinux (Arixtra) is a chemically synthesized
      methoxy derivative of the natural pentasaccharide (MW=1728 Da). Fondaparinux has
      nearly complete bioavailabity after subcutaneous injection. The elimination half
      life is about 17 hours. Fondaparinux is cleared from the kidneys. In contrast to
      heparin, fondaparinux does not interact with plasma proteins other than
      antithrombin and it does not cross-react in vitro with heparin induced
      thrombocytopenia antibodies. Fondaparinux inhibits specifically FXa, although
      some other targets are suspected (FIXa and FVIIa). Endogenous levels of AT are
      the rate limiting factor for its anti-Xa activity. Fondaparinux, in contrast to
      direct FXa inhibitors (i.e. DX-9065a) inhibits free FXa but not the FXa bound to
      prothrombinase, and it does not prolong PT and aPTT. Fondaparinux inhibits
      thrombin generation in human plasma. We have shown that the inhibition of
      thrombin generation by fondaparinux is inversely correlated with thromboplastin
      concentration. This original observation may explain the absence of any effect of
      fondaparinux on PT. Melagatran dipeptide (MW=430 Da) is a specific, reversible
      direct thrombin inhibitor. It inhibits free and clot bound thrombin. Its half
      life is 1.7-2.5 hours after i.v. or s.c. administration. Ximelagatran (Exantas),
      is a pro-drug with a hydroxyamidino instead of amidino-group and an esterified
      carboxyl-group. It is the first clinically used direct orally acting thrombin
      inhibitor. Ximelagatran after intestinal absorption is metabolized to melagatran.
      Melagatran is not metabolized and is cleared through the kidney. Among the
      specific FXa inhibitors the synthetic pentasaccharide (Fondaparinux-Arixtra) has
      been approved by FDA and several European health organizations for the
      prophylaxis of VTE in major orthopedic surgery. No specific antidote has been
      described for the new antithrombotics. Encouraging results have been obtained
      from our group on the possible use of rFVIIa (Novoseven). The general opinion is
      that there is no need for laboratory monitoring of the new antithrombotic agents.
      Conclusion. The research for safer and more effective anticoagulants has been
      successful by targeting specific steps in coagulation. These single-targeted
      agents are challenging multi-targeted drugs (heparins and vitamin-K antagonists).
      Other drugs including orally active FXa direct inhibitors will probably enrich
      the armentarium of antithrombotic drugs.

PMID- 13679647
TI  - Pathogenesis of the acute coronary syndromes and therapeutic implications.
AB  - Atherosclerosis is characterized by the thickening and obstruction of the
      arterial lumen and thrombosis associated with vulnerable disrupted plaques seems
      to be responsible for the accelerated process of clinical syndrome presentation.
      Strategies to promote plaque stabilization and reduce thrombus burden have been
      one of the major targets of recent times. Modification of diet and lifestyle has
      important benefit in reducing coronary risk. Several pharmacological strategies
      for reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality have demonstrated
      effectiveness. Statins and angiotensin converting enzyme, fibrinolytics,
      inhibitors of the intrinsic coagulation cascade and anti-platelet agents have
      been developed to reduce the impact of atherosclerosis and inhibit
      thrombogenesis.

PMID- 13679648
TI  - Advances in the genotyping of thrombosis genetic risk factors: clinical and
      laboratory implications.
AB  - Since FV-Leiden polymorphism was first described in 1994, a growing number of
      polymorphic loci have been identified in association with increased genetic risk
      for thrombophilia. Often however, these risk factors have been studied in
      isolation of the remaining known phenotype linked polymorphisms. This fact has,
      at least in part, been justified by the laborious techniques traditionally used
      in the genotyping studies, as well as its relatively high costs. Another major
      problem concerning these studies has been the non-negligible incidence of dubious
      genotypes, resulting from the manual, labour intensive techniques applied, and
      their sometimes difficult to read output's. These difficulties have also hampered
      the widespread use of genotyping data in the clinical assessment of the genetic
      risk levels both in patients and their relatives, leaving some clinicians less
      than convinced about its clinical usefulness. Recently however, the introduction
      of new genetic techniques in the clinical genetics laboratory has started to
      change this picture. Most notably, the advent of Real-time-PCR has brought the
      possibility of genotyping patients and controls at a large scale, with increased
      specificity, automation and speed. Moreover, the use of these techniques in the
      clinical genetics setting has not only increased the quality of the results, but
      most importantly has also increased our capability of answering questions at a
      deeper level. Among the new questions that can now be answered without increased
      costs and uncertainty is the study of the association of genetic risk factors in
      thrombophilia. Our results show that indeed even common polymorphic loci may
      increase our ability to further discriminate the genetic thrombosis risk of
      individual patients and relatives. It must however be noted that the innovation
      level in the clinical genetics lab is just starting to grow. In fact we haven't
      even started to experience the advantages brought about by the genome program,
      and its massive identification of SNP's. The technology to test these is also
      presently being refined, and is expected to go from research to the clinical lab
      in the near future. Only then, can we expect to define with high certainty the
      combined genetic risks for such complex pathologies as the thrombophilias.

PMID- 13679649
TI  - Inherited abnormalities in the protein C activation pathway.
AB  - The protein C (PC) anticoagulant pathway plays a crucial role in the regulation
      of fibrin formation via proteolytic degradation of the procoagulant cofactors
      factor Va and VIIIa by activated PC (APC). PC circulates in plasma as a zymogen,
      which is activated, on the surface of endothelial cells by the thrombin
      thrombomodulin complex. Another endothelial cell-specific protein, the
      endothelial cell PC/APC receptor (EPCR), binds PC on the endothelial cell surface
      and further enhances the rate of PC activation. Normal APC generation depends on
      the precise assemblage, on the surface of endothelial cells, of at least four
      proteins: thrombin, thrombomodulin (TM), PC and EPCR. Therefore, any change in
      the efficiency of this assemblage may cause reduced APC generation and an
      increase in the risk of thrombosis. In the last years, several reports have
      suggested the association between mutations in TM and EPCR genes and venous and
      arterial thrombosis. Surprisingly, no studies have been reported linking
      mutations with levels of circulating APC, the final product of the interaction
      between thrombin, TM, PC and EPCR. Here, we describe the previously reported
      mutations in the TM and EPCR genes, and present the design and evaluation of a
      new strategy to investigate TM, EPCR, PC and prothrombin gene mutations in
      arterial and venous thrombosis.

PMID- 13679650
TI  - Laboratory diagnosis of thrombophilic states: where do we stand?
AB  - Until recently the laboratory diagnosis of thrombophilia consisted on
      investigation of the plasmatic anticoagulant pathways and the search for
      dysfibrinogenemia and antiphospholipid antibodies/lupus anticoagulants. More
      recently, the laboratory investigation has been expanded by including activated
      protein C (APC) resistance, due or not to the presence of the factor V Leiden
      mutation; hyperprothrombinemia, due to the presence of the prothrombin mutation
      G20210A and hyperhomocysteinemia, due to impairment of the relevant metabolic
      pathway because of enzymatic and/or vitamin deficiency. Testing for thrombophilia
      may be useful for many reasons. First, the results of testing may provide
      valuable information to assess the risk of recurrence in the proband. Second,
      testing family members is useful for prophylactic and diagnostic purposes. Third,
      the identification of patients bearing combined defect helps to identify those at
      increased risk for thrombosis. Testing is recommended for patients with a past
      history of thrombosis and should be extended to their first-degree family
      members. Since most of the tests are not reliable during anticoagulation, it is
      preferable to postpone laboratory testing until after discontinuation of the
      treatment. Whenever possible testing should be performed by means of functional
      assays. DNA analysis is required for the prothrombin mutation G20210A. Laboratory
      diagnosis for antiphospholipid antibodies/lupus anticoagulant should be performed
      by a combination of tests including phospholipid-dependent clotting assays and
      solid phase anticardiolipin antibodies. Hyperhomocysteinemia may be assessed by
      high-pressure liquid chromatography methods, or by fluorescence polarization
      immunoassays.

PMID- 13679651
TI  - The calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT): a universal routine test for hyper-
      and hypocoagulability.
AB  - By using a "slow" fluorogenic thrombin substrate and continuous comparison to a
      simultaneously run calibrator, thrombin generation can be monitored
      automatically, on line, in clotting PPP or PRP at a throughput of up to 100
      samples per hour. The resulting "Thrombogram" in PPP measures hypocoagulability
      (haemophilias, oral anticoagulants, heparins (-likes), direct inhibitors) and
      hypercoagulabilities (AT deficiency, prothrombin hyperexpression, prot. C and S
      deficiency, factor V Leiden, oral contraceptives). In PRP it is diminished in
      thrombopathies, in von Willebrand disease, by antibodies blocking GPIIb-IIIa or
      GPIb, or by antiplatelet drugs like aspirin and clopidogrel. Lupus anticoagulant
      both retards and increases thrombin generation. The thrombogram thus appears to
      be a broad function test of the haemostatic-thrombotic mechanism of the blood.

PMID- 13679652
TI  - Problems related to counseling in genetic thrombophilias.
AB  - Venous Thrombosis is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in Western
      populations and in 30% of cases is associated to genetic susceptibility. Ideally,
      the identification of carriers of such susceptibility, known as thrombophilia,
      may allow for predicting the likelihood of recurrence in symptomatic patients and
      the risk of thrombosis in their relatives, leading to tailored plans of therapy
      and prophylaxis. In practice, this is greatly complicated by the high
      heterogeneity of both genotype and phenotype of inherited thrombophilia and by
      the lack of evidence-based guidelines for managing carriers. These issues and
      their impact on the process of genetic counseling for individuals suspected to
      have an inherited thrombophilia are discussed.

PMID- 13679653
TI  - Clinical aspects of venous thrombophilia.
AB  - Venous thrombophilia is the result of clotting changes namely of a
      hypercoagulable state together with blood flow and vessel wall changes. There is
      no need for all these components to be present in order for thrombosis to occur.
      As the matter of fact, thrombosis may occur even if only one of these conditions
      is present. In clinical practice a combination of factors is usualy seen. In
      comparison with arterial thrombophilia, clotting changes and blood flow seen to
      play a major role in venous thrombosis. Venous thrombophilia may remain
      asynptomatic or may result in a series of clinical syndromes. The commonest of
      these are: 1. Superficial vein thrombosis, 2. Deep vein thrombosis of legs, 3.
      Deep vein thrombosis of arms, 4. Caval veins thrombosis, 5. Portal vein
      thrombosis, 6. Hepatic veins thrombosis, 7. Renal vein thrombosis, 8. Cerebral
      sinuses thrombosis, 9. Right heart thrombosis, 10. Miscellaneous (ovarian,
      adrenal veins thrombosis, etc.). Since the first two are widely and easily
      recognized, these is no need for an extensive discussion. Deep vein thromboses of
      upper limbs are not as frequent as those of lower limbs or of superficial
      phlebitis but they can still be recognized on clinical grounds and non invasive
      techniques. The remaining 7 syndromes are less common and therefore less
      frequently suspected and recognized. Of particular interest, among these less
      common manifestations of venous thrombophilia are hepatic vein and renal vein
      thrombosis. Hepatic veins thrombosis, sometimes part of inferior vena cava
      thrombosis is most frequently due to an isolated occlusion of hepatic veins
      thereby causing a form of venocclusive disease. Occasionally diagnosis may be
      difficult because of slow onset of symptoms (hepatomegaly, right flank pain,
      fever, ascites etc.). The same is true for renal vein thrombosis which may also
      be of difficult diagnosis since it causes proteinuria and flank pain. The
      proteinuria is often interpreted as due to a nephrotic syndrome which,
      incidentally, may cause by its turn renal vein thrombosis. Portal vein thrombosis
      and cerebral sinuses thrombosis on the contrary are more easily suspected because
      of ascites, adominal pain, jaundice or headache, eye proptosis, vomiting. Right
      heart thrombosis should be suspected in cases of recurrent pulmonary
      embolization. Ovarian or adrenal veins thrombosis are rare. The competent
      physician should always consider, given certain congenital or acquired
      conditions, the possibility to be facing a special form of venous thrombosis or a
      venous thrombosis in unusual sites. An early diagnosis, as often in medicine, is
      of paramount importance for a prompt treatment and a satisfactory outcome.

PMID- 13679654
TI  - The red blood cell in vascular occlusion.
AB  - Red blood cells (RBC) have unique flow-affecting properties--namely,
      aggregability, deformability and adherence to endothelial cells (EC)--which play
      major roles in blood flow. Under normal flow-induced shear stress RBC are
      dispersed, their adherence to EC is insignificant, and they are sufficiently
      deformable to enable tissue perfusion. However, in pathological conditions that
      are associated with low-flow states (e.g., trauma, ischemia), elevated plasma
      components (mainly fibrinogen), or altered RBC properties (e.g.,
      hemoglobinopathies, oxidative stress, inflammation, diabetes), RBC flow
      properties are altered and present a circulatory risk.

PMID- 13679655
TI  - The insulin resistance syndrome: implications for thrombosis and cardiovascular
      disease.
AB  - The insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) with obesity is large-word wide-spread and
      represents a strong risk factor for vascular disease. Atherothrombotic
      complications in IRS are partly attributed to a dysregulation of hemostasis
      inducing a prothrombotic state which includes endothelial activation,
      hyperactivity of platelets, hypercoagulability and hypofibrinolysis. This latter,
      due to elevated PAI-1 levels, is a core feature of the IRS. Most of the
      prothrombotic modifications can be reversed by loosing weight. Low grade
      inflammation with prolonged cytokines mediated acute phase reaction is actually
      considered as strongly related to the IRS and is involved in the dysregulation of
      hemostasis. TNF pathway and TGFb play an important role in the regulation of PAI
      1 synthesis in the adipose tissue and the liver with steatosis. Interestingly,
      modulation of PAI-1 expression in adipose tissue influences adipose tissue
      growth, increasing once more the spectrum of the non hemostatic functions of
      coagulation/fibrinolysis parameters.

PMID- 13679656
TI  - Endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease.
AB  - Healthy endothelium plays a central role in cardiovascular control. Therefore
      endothelial dysfunction (ED), which is characterized by an imbalance between
      relaxing and contracting factors, procoagulant and anticoagulant substances, and
      between proinflammatory and antiinflammatory mediators, may play a particularly
      significant role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular
      disease. ED is thought to be an early physiologic event in the development of
      atherosclerosis, occurring before morphologic changes in the vessel wall can be
      detected. It is closely related to different risk factors of atherosclerosis, to
      their intensity and their duration. The involvement of risk factors in ED is also
      supported by results of intervention studies that showed regression of ED with
      treatment of risk factors. Further, it was shown that ED is significantly and
      directly correlated with the occurrence of cardiac events. The common denominator
      whereby different risk factors cause ED is most probably increased oxidative
      stress and consequently decreased bioavailability of nitrogen oxide. Endothelial
      dysfunction promotes atherosclerosis and probably plays an important role in the
      development of thrombotic complications in late stages of the disease. As ED is a
      key underlying factor in the atherosclerotic process, markers of endothelial
      abnormalities have been proposed, but loss of endothelium-dependent vasodilation
      has became a broadly accepted indicator of endothelial dysfunction. Using these
      non-invasive tests it is possible to follow the dose-response of harmful effects
      or risk factors, and the effects of preventive procedures on vessel wall
      function.

PMID- 13679657
TI  - Value and limitation of meta-analysis.
AB  - Meta-analysis is a valuable method of aggregating data sets of different trials
      which are inadequate or unconvincing on their own. There are strict rules on the
      retrieval and selection of data which are crucial in terms of the validity of a
      meta-analysis. Many so-called meta-analyses are flawed because of lack of a
      protocol or non adherence to it. Also underreporting of clinical trials is
      haunting the validity of meta-analysis. This hidden information is not a random
      process but is affecting mainly trials with negative results. To avoid this
      publication bias all clinical trials should enter an international online
      database.

PMID- 13679658
TI  - Clinical use of novel antithrombotic agents in the management of acute coronary
      syndromes.
AB  - Among patients with ST elevation-acute coronary syndrome (ACS) novel thrombolytic
      agents can be given as a bolus (reteplase, tenecteplase) and their delivery is
      easier and may shorten the time to treatment, providing the ideal tool in the pre
      hospital setting. Reinfarction after thrombolysis occurs in the 3-5% range in all
      major trials. Reinfarction after thrombolysis rate may be reduced by abciximab
      and enoxaparin. However major hemorrhage is doubled by abciximab (but not by
      enoxaparin). When primary angioplasty is preferred to thrombolysis, adjunctive
      abciximab decreases the need for urgent target vessel revascularization. A whole
      body of literature tells that aspirin is not enough in patients without ST
      elevation ACS. Most patients benefit from concomitant clopidogrel. High-risk
      patients are candidate to the use GP IIb-IIIA blockers, particularly if they need
      coronary angioplasty. All patients with glomerular filtration rate > or = 30
      ml/min should receive low molecular weight heparin. Evidence for that is mainly
      driven by studies using enoxaparin.

PMID- 13679659
TI  - Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: pathophysiology and new treatment options.
AB  - Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a severe complication of heparin
      therapy. It is generally accompanied by a paradoxical decrease in platelets
      leading to activation of platelets and of the coagulation system. HIT type I is a
      mild, transient, non-immune disorder. HIT type II is an immune-mediated reaction
      towards neo-antigen on PF4, which is platelet factor 4 (PF4) that is exposed upon
      binding to heparins. A low sulfated octasaccharide is required for binding to
      PF4. The generated immunoglobulines bridge platelets by binding to the FcgRIIa
      receptor. In patients with HIT type II heparin/LMW-heparin has to be discontinued
      immediately upon clinical suspicion. Diagnosis can be confirmed by laboratory
      tests. As patients are at high risk for or because they have developed
      thromboembolism, anticoagulation is mandatory, despite thrombocytopenia.
      Treatment options are danaparoid, r-hirudin, bivalirudin, argatroban,
      dextransulfate, and dermatansulfate. In future, fondaparinux and ximelagatran may
      be considered for treatment.

PMID- 13679660
TI  - Juvenile arteritis revisited. Buerger's disease-Takayasu's disease.
AB  - Thromboangiitis obliterans is defined as an inflammatory disease involving small
      and medium sized arteries and veins. As no clinical symptoms, signs, radiological
      or laboratory abnormalities nor pathological features are specific, the diagnosis
      is usually made according the criteria proposed by Adar in a young smoker, male
      or female, with distal arterial occlusions sometimes associated with
      thrombophlebitis and with negative aetiological investigations. Recently,
      rheumatic manifestations were identified in about 10% of patients. If new
      developments in vascular medicine, as ultrasound explorations or CT scan limit
      the indications for angiography, others, especially in the field of
      thrombophilia, make more difficult the differential diagnosis. If the strong link
      between the disease activity and smoking habits is confirmed, medical or surgical
      approach remain disappointing. Takayasu's disease or non specific aorto-arteritis
      is an inflammatory disease of young women that primarily affects the aorta its
      main branches and the pulmonary arteries. The disease often start in children.
      The prevalence of the disease as the arterial lesions show geographical
      variations. That and the different associations with infectious, rheumatic or
      systemic diseases could justify to consider Takayasu's disease as a syndrome. B
      mode ultrasonography and electron beam computed tomography are usually sufficient
      to characterize the arterial involvement and are essential for the follow up of
      patients. In some rare cases arterial biopsy is necessary to confirm the
      diagnosis. The surgical treatment concerns specific lesions with ischemic
      symptoms and failure of the medical approach, however endovascular techniques are
      often discussed in first intention. During inflammatory phases with evolutive
      lesions corticosteroids are often used. In case of failure cyclophosphamide or
      methotrexate have been used.

PMID- 13679661
TI  - Regional thrombolysis in lower limb ischemia: new pharmacological and non
      pharmacological aspects.
AB  - Regional thrombolytic therapy for arterial occlusion of the limbs uses several
      catheter-guided techniques and various infusion methods and therapeutic schemes.
      There is no definite proof of superiority of any agent in terms of efficacy and
      safety. A meta-analysis of randomized trials comparing surgery to thrombolysis in
      leg ischemia shows no significant difference in major amputation and mortality
      between these two management options. Major bleeding is the main complication.
      Recent developments include the introduction of new thrombolytic agents,
      associated infusion of glycoprotein IIb-IIIa blockers and use of ultrasound to
      disrupt thrombi or facilitate thrombolysis.

PMID- 13679662
TI  - Dermatan sulphate as an antithrombotic drug.
AB  - Dermatan sulphate (DS) is a glycosaminoglycan which selectively catalyzes the
      inactivation of thrombin by Heparin Cofactor II without interacting with
      Antithrombin III. DS does not interact with other coagulation factors and, unlike
      heparin, is able to inactivate thrombin bound to fibrin or to the surface of an
      injured vessel. Efficacy and safety of DS have been validated in studies on
      thromboprophylaxis and on the anticoagulation for hemodialysis. Studies on
      thromboprophylaxis have been performed in "medical" patients as well as in
      general, orthopedic and oncological surgery. In this last setting, DS proved to
      be more efficacious than heparin, in the absence of excess bleeding. No
      statistically significant differences were observed between DS and heparin in
      hemodialysis. A low-molecular-weight DS,which shows a higher bioavailability
      after s.c. administration, has been tested in pilot studies on the treatment of
      venous thromboembolism with encouraging results. Two DS-containing compounds,
      sulodexide and, particularly, mesoglycan, have been clinically studied in a
      number of trials and found to be effective in the treatment of venous and
      arterial leg diseases.

PMID- 13679663
TI  - Retinal vein thrombosis: risk factors, pathogenesis and therapeutic approach.
AB  - Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a relatively common disease, often associated
      with the presence of diseases related to internal medicine. It is well known that
      RVO is associated with common systemic vascular disorders such as hypertension,
      arteriosclerosis and diabetes. Several studies using hospital-based controls have
      shown an increased risk of RVO in patients with arteriopathy, or high levels of
      plasma glucose and arterial blood pressure. Patients are categorized into six
      types of RVO based on the site of occlusion and on the type of consequent
      vascular damage. Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is the most frequently
      occurring and clinically relevant type of RVO. In addition to the well-known
      classical risk factors, new haemostasis-related ones have been investigated in
      patients affected by CRVO. While data concerning a number of parameters remain
      contradictory, high levels of type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) and
      hyperhomocysteinemia appear to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of
      this disease. Although based on a limited number of studies, this new knowledge
      could eventually provide important indications regarding prognosis and
      therapeutic strategies. There is no established treatment for CRVO. Treatment
      consists primarily of managing any identified underlying systemic disease. The
      increasing role of hypercoagulability in patients with CRVO supports the use of
      antithrombotic drugs in the treatment of this disease. Vitamin treatment to
      correct hyperhomocysteinemia should also be taken into consideration. However,
      the approach to CRVO treatment with antithrombotic drugs is not evidence-based
      yet. There is urgent need of intervention trials to evaluate the role of these
      drugs in CRVO patients.

PMID- 13679664
TI  - Thrombophilia in young women candidate to the pill: reasons for and against
      screening.
AB  - Screening for thrombophilia in women candidate to the pill is still a matter of
      debate. Oral contraceptives may trigger venous thromboembolic events in carriers
      of common inherited thrombophilic defects. General screening is not cost
      effective from an epidemiological point of view if the objective is to prevent
      death due to venous thromboembolism during oral contraception (OC). However,
      clinicians deal with single patients and personal and/or family history for
      venous thromboembolism have limited value for identifying those women at risk of
      VTE complications during OC. A pharmacogenetics approach in prescribing OC on the
      basis of each woman's genetic make-up could increase drug safety. A proper
      evaluation of the cost-effectiveness, the medical, psychosocial and legal
      consequences is needed before general screening with genetic testing for
      inherited thrombophilia can be recommended before OC.

PMID- 13679665
TI  - Thrombophilias as risk factors for disorders of pregnancy and fetal damage.
AB  - Inherited thrombophilias have been suggested as a possible condition of increased
      susceptibility to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Although there is no consensus on
      the association between the factor V Leiden mutation and early (less than 10
      weeks) pregnancy loss, the evidence suggests an association between the mutation
      and second-, and third-trimester fetal loss and severe preeclampsia. At present
      the relationship between the prothrombin G20210A mutation and inherited
      thrombophilias and adverse pregnancy outcomes remains controversial. Due to the
      low prevalence, AT and PC deficiencies have been rarely found as the cause of
      complicated pregnancy, whereas increased risk for preeclampsia and fetal losses
      has been found in relation to PS deficiency. Concerning the association between
      pathological pregnancies and PAI-1 4G/5G deletion/insertion polymorphism, only
      few controversial data are available. A meta-analysis of ten case-control studies
      suggested an association between hyperhomocysteinemia, MTHFR C677T mutation and
      repeated pregnancy losses before 16 weeks. Recently a role for Angiotensin
      Converting Enzyme I/D polymorphism in obstetrical complications has been
      suggested.

PMID- 13679666
TI  - Thrombosis during pregnancy: risk factors, diagnosis and treatment.
AB  - Venous thromboembolism occurs infrequently but is a leading cause of illness and
      death during pregnancy and the puerperium and remains a diagnostic and
      therapeutic challenge. In the general population the incidence of pregnancy
      associated VTE has been estimated to vary from 1 in 1000 to 1 in 2000 deliveries.
      The risk of VTE is five times higher in a pregnant woman than in a nonpregnant
      woman of similar age. Postpartum VTE is more common than antepartum VTE. Women
      with congenital abnormalities or persistent presence of antiphospholipid
      antibodies have an increased risk of VTE during pregnancy and the puerperium. In
      individuals with well defined hereditary thrombosis risk factors, such as the
      factor V:R506Q mutation, the factor II:G20210A variation, antithrombin-deficiency
      or protein C-deficiency, a relative risk of pregnancy associated VTE between 3.4
      and 15.2 has been found. Women with previous VTE have an approximately 3.5 fold
      increased risk of recurrent VTE during pregnancy compared to non-pregnant
      periods. Our ability to diagnose deep-vein thrombosis clinically is generally
      poor and is further hampered during pregnancy since dyspnea, tachypnea, swelling
      and discomfort in the legs are common. Objective diagnosis is essential for
      treatment decisions. Exposure to radiation of less than 50,000 microGy (5 rad)
      has not been associated with a significant risk of fetal injury. Therefore,
      besides sonography, routine diagnostic procedures should be performed, if
      clinically necessary. Heparin does not cross the placenta and is therefore the
      anticoagulant treatment of choice during pregnancy. In case of acute new onset of
      thrombosis during pregnancy, treatment is performed like in non-pregnant patients
      with acute deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. There is ongoing debate,
      whether or not pregnant women with previous venous thrombosis should routinely
      receive prophylactic anticoagulation. In patients who have hereditary
      antithrombin deficiency, antiphospholipid antibodies, a combined abnormality or a
      history of a severe thrombotic event (pulmonary embolism, extended deep vein
      thrombosis) should be advised to use prophylactic heparin during pregnancy,
      starting during the first trimester. Post partum prophylaxis should be given in
      all women with an increased risk for VTE.

PMID- 13679667
TI  - Menopause and cardiovascular risk.
AB  - Menopause is not a disease, but a physiologic phase of a woman's life, due to the
      changes of their hormonal status. Fastidious symptoms may be associated with
      changes in the metabolism together with new cardiovascular risk factors,
      particularly aggressive for the female cardiovascular system, unprepared because
      of the protection due to the fertile period. Changes of the lipid profile,
      obesity, hypertension, glucose intolerance and diabetes mellitus may intervene as
      severe risk factors. Cardiovascular disease represents therefore the most
      frequent cause of mortality and morbidity also in the female gender more than
      cancer either in the United States as in Europe. The risks related to post
      menopause are mainly due to the abrupt interruption of estrogen, which has
      indirect protective effects on lipid, glycidic metabolism and direct effects on
      vessel function. They have, in fact, vasodilator action due to nitric oxide
      release, calcium-antagonist like action and an antiproliferative effect on smooth
      muscle cells. Post-menopause is also frequently associated with hypertension, the
      most frequent related factor to coronary artery disease. Hypertension is due to
      increased body mass index, with insulin-resistance, sodium retention, increased
      blood viscosity and estrogen deficiency with increased smooth muscle cell
      proliferation which determines an increase in systemic vascular resistance. Age
      and estrogen deficiency are together the most important cause of cardiovascular
      risk in post-menopause. The discovery of alpha and recently beta estrogen
      receptors on coronary female vessels unaffected by atherosclerosis either during
      pre and post-menopause phase are possible key of interpretation of
      pathophysiology of coronary artery disease in women, with important therapeutic
      consequence.

PMID- 13679668
TI  - Modulation of Thrombophilia Genes by Environmental Factors.

PMID- 13679669
TI  - Search for new thrombosis-related genes through intermediate phenotypes. Genetic
      and household effects.
AB  - As a complex disease, thrombosis is determined by environmental and genetic
      factors and by the interaction of these factors. One of the objectives of modern
      epidemiology is to understand the underlying complexity in complex diseases by
      means of disentangling the genetic from the environmental factors and quantifying
      the relative influence of each factor on the disease. Often it is easier and more
      fruitful to study intermediate phenotypes than the diseases themselves. The first
      step of these analyses is to determine the relative contributions of genes
      (heritability), measured environmental factors that are specific to an
      individual, and environmental factors that are shared by members of a household
      (household effects), to variation in the complex phenotype. Currently there are
      published data on 56 phenotypes involved in these kind of genetic studies of
      hemostasis and potentially related to thromboembolic disease. The main conclusion
      of these studies is that genetic effects (as measured by heritabilities) are
      major contributors to the phenotypic variability. Only in 16 of the 56 (29%) of
      the studied phenotypes, were household effects reported. These results are
      primordial in the design of further studies consisting in wide-genome
      explorations in the search for the underlying genes.

PMID- 13679670
TI  - Air travel and thrombosis.

PMID- 13679671
TI  - Unusual forms of venous thrombosis and thrombophilia.
AB  - Venous thromboembolism (VTE) results from multiple interactions between inherited
      and environmental risk factors. The lower limbs are the most common site of VTE,
      but more rarely other venous sites can be involved. The role of risk factors for
      VTE can be different in the various thrombotic manifestations, and there are
      specific risk factors for specific sites. Coagulation abnormalities causing
      inherited thrombophilia are frequently found in patients with cerebral vein
      thrombosis, but are more rare in those with "isolated" pulmonary embolism, upper
      limb or retinal vein thrombosis. Transient situations, such as surgery, trauma,
      prolonged immobilization, the use of oral contraceptives or hormone replacement
      therapy, and pregnancy or puerperium, are often recognized in patients with lower
      limb deep vein thrombosis, "isolated" pulmonary embolism, abdominal and cerebral
      vein thrombosis, but not in patients with upper limb deep vein thrombosis. Major
      risk factors for deep vein thrombosis of the upper limbs are strong efforts with
      the arms, whereas for abdominal vein thrombosis are myeloproliferative disorders
      and liver cirrhosis. In conclusion, there is increasing evidence that inherited
      and environmental risk factors may interact differently in determining VTE in
      different sites.

PMID- 13679672
TI  - Infection and venous thrombosis.
AB  - Chlamydia pneumoniae infection has been linked to atherosclerosis, but a possible
      relationship with venous thromboembolism (VTE) had not been sought. We determined
      circulating anti-C. pneumoniae antibody levels in patients with VTE. Fifty-four
      percent of the cases and 15.9% of the controls had specific IgG titers of at
      least 256 (p<0.0001). The crude odds ratio for VTE was 6.2 (95% CI, 3.8-10.1),
      and rose to 7.7 (4.5-13.2) after excluding subjects carrying the factor V Arg 506
      Gln or factor II G 20210 A mutations. Other studies did not confirm such an
      association or found a lower odds ratio. This association remains to be confirmed
      in other case-control or prospective studies.

PMID- 13679673
TI  - Air pollution and thrombosis: an experimental approach.
AB  - Air pollution is associated with cardiovascular mortality. Inhaled ultrafine
      particles translocate into the blood. Amine-polystyrene ultrafine particles
      significantly enhance experimental thrombus formation in a damaged hamster vessel
      and shorten the closure time in the Platelet Function Analyser. Diesel exhaust
      particles are thrombogenic within one hour of intratracheal instillation and
      shorten the closure time ex vivo. These experimental observations provide a
      plausible biological explanation for the epidemiologically established link
      between air pollution and acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 13679674
TI  - A meta-analysis of studies on wine and beer and cardiovascular disease.
AB  - Many epidemiologic studies have evaluated whether different alcoholic beverages
      protect against cardiovascular disease. We performed a meta-analysis of 26
      studies on relationship between wine or beer consumption and vascular risk.
      General variance-based method and fitting models were applied to pooled data
      derived from 26 studies that gave quantitative estimation of the vascular risk
      associated with either beverage consumption. From 13 studies involving 209,418
      persons, the relative risk of vascular disease associated with wine intake was
      0.68 (95% CI: 0.59-0.77) relative to nondrinkers. There was strong evidence from
      10 studies involving 176,042 persons to support a J-shaped relationship between
      different amounts of wine intake and vascular risk. A statistically significant
      inverse association was found up to a daily intake of 150 ml of wine. The overall
      relative risk of moderate beer consumption, which was measured in 15 studies
      involving 208,036 persons, was 0.78 (95% CI: 0.70-0.86). However, no significant
      relationship between different amounts of beer intake and vascular risk was found
      after meta-analyzing 7 studies involving 136,382 persons. These findings show
      evidence of a significant inverse association between light to moderate wine
      consumption and vascular risk. A similar, although smaller association was also
      apparent in beer consumption studies. The latter finding, however, is difficult
      to interpret because no meaningful relationship could be found between different
      amounts of beer intake and vascular risk.

PMID- 13679675
TI  - Red and white wine differently affect collagen-induced platelet aggregation.
AB  - Moderate consumption of wine is associated with reduced cardiovascular events,
      but the mechanism is not fully elucidated. Aim of the study was to seek if
      consumption of red or white wine, that are known to have different amount of
      polyphenols, differently influenced platelet aggregation. 20 healthy subjects
      were randomly allocated to consume for two weeks 300 ml of red or white wine;
      both wines had the same concentration of alcohol. At baseline and 12 hours after
      last drink collagen-induced platelet aggregation was performed. At baseline no
      difference of laboratory values was observed between the two groups. At the end
      of treatment subjects given red wine had lower response to platelet agonist than
      those given white wine (<0.005). No ethanol could be found in plasma 12 hours
      after last drink. This study shows that red and white wine have different effect
      on platelet activation likely because of the different content of polyphenols
      present in the two types of wine.

PMID- 13679676
TI  - Oxidative stress in endothelial cell dysfunction and thrombosis.
AB  - Endothelial dysfunction (ECD) is the earliest phenotypic change in the
      vasculature following exposure to atherothrombotic risk factors. ECD is
      associated with decreased synthesis and increased oxidative inactivation of
      nitric oxide (NO). Critical antioxidant enzymes essential for eliminating
      reactive oxygen species that can inactivate NO include the superoxide dismutases,
      the glutathione peroxidases, catalase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.
      Deficiencies of these enzymes increase oxidative stress and NO inactivation and,
      as such, can either lead to ECD or account for the underlying mechanism of ECD
      associated with a given atherothrombotic risk factor. Selected antioxidants
      improve intracellular redox state and reverse ECD by improving the
      bioavailability of NO. These observations provide mechanistic insights into the
      molecular basis of ECD in vascular disease and its treatment.

PMID- 13679677
TI  - Polyunsaturated fatty acids, thrombosis and vascular disease.
AB  - In the 80's, retrospective studies showed an inverse relation between fish
      consumption and ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality. In parallel, fish fats
      containing the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) eicosapentaenoic (EPA) were
      shown to impair platelet aggregation and thromboxane formation. The results of
      the large prospective trials, the Diet and Reinfarction Trial (DART) and the Lyon
      Heart Study in the secondary prevention of myocardial infarction, have further
      supported the interrelationships between diet and dietary prevention of IHD. In
      the DART Study, the cardioprotection by EPA was paralleled by an increase plasma
      content of EPA. In the Lyon, in addition to changes in the content of EPA,
      changes in other well known variables (i.e. leukocytes and vitamin E), often
      abnormal in subjects prone to arterial thrombosis, have been found. The GISSI
      Prevenzione Trial was a prospective, multicentric, open labeled trial with a
      factorial design, in which 11,324 recent (<3 mo) survivors of a first myocardial
      infarction were assigned to receive, in addition to the usual strategy, a
      supplementation of n-3 PUFA, vitamin E, or the combination of the two.
      Cardiovascular death (-30%), coronary heart disease death (-35%), total death (
      20%) and sudden death (-45%) were all significantly reduced by the n-3 PUFA
      supplementation. The reduced tendency to sudden death of survivors of myocardial
      infarction on treatment with n-3 PUFA are in keeping with a series of scanty but
      reliable clinical data as well as of experimental studies. However, we believe
      that large-scale prospective multicentric randomized trials aimed at preventing
      sudden death in high-risk patients as well as at testing the effects of n-3 PUFA
      in patients with intracoronary devices and sustained ventricular arrhythmias, are
      a major direction to be followed to better understand the n-3 PUFA and sudden
      death issue.

PMID- 13679678
TI  - Cardiovascular risk assessment using ultrasound: the value of arterial wall
      changes including the presence, severity and character of plaques.
AB  - Conventional cardiovascular risk factors have been used to identify subgroups at
      increased risk of cardiovascular events. The British Regional Heart Study Score
      (BRHSS) using such risk factors at best identifies only 59% of individuals that
      develop coronary heart disease (CHD) in the subsequent 5 years. To identify a
      high risk subgroup in the BRHS a new approach has been the use of ultrasound to
      study arterial wall thickening, presence or absence of plaques and plaque type,
      to try and increase the predictive value of the BRHS Score. METHODS: Two towns
      (Dewsbury and Maidstone) of the British Regional Heart Study were selected
      because they have the highest and lowest prevalence of cardiovascular disease in
      the U.K. respectively. A total of 418 men and 397 women were surveyed and their
      carotid and common femoral bifurcations scanned. RESULTS: Total plaque thickness,
      carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), ultrasonic arterial score (UAS) and sum of
      plaque types reversed, were found to be the most significant explanatory
      variables in a multiple linear regression model with an r = 0.505 and R2 = 0.255.
      They could identify a subgroup of 25% of the population that contained 78% of
      cardiovascular deaths. CONCLUSION: These findings appear to suggest the presence
      of plaques, the collective information from the echomorphology of these lesions
      and their absolute measures are far more predictive of risk.

PMID- 13679679
TI  - Ultrasound plaque characterisation, genetic markers and risks.
AB  - The arterial wall changes detected by ultrasound are the end result of all risk
      factors (exogenous, endogenous and genetic) known and unknown and are better
      predictors of risk than any combination of conventional risk factors. However,
      ultrasound cannot be used in people younger than 45 because characteristic
      changes occur after this age. Nevertheless, it can be used in individuals over 45
      to identify the genetic risk factors associated with atherosclerosis. The
      identification of genetic factors will subsequently provide a means of
      identifying individuals at risk at an early age, even childhood. In addition,
      knowledge of the genetic abnormalities associated with increased risk in a
      particular individual will provide a means of targeting prophylactic therapy.

PMID- 13679680
TI  - The natural history of patients with carotid stenosis.
AB  - Atherosclerosis is a systemic disease affecting the circulatory system throughout
      the body. Thus, patients with atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries are not
      only at risk of stroke but also of other manifestations of the disease, i.e.
      vascular death, myocardial infarction etc. So far, intervention trials evaluating
      the effect of treatment of this patient group, i.e. by surgical removal of the
      carotid lesion, has focussed on degree of stenosis of the lesion. However, many
      other factors may be of importance: local factors of the lesion (morphology,
      degree of stenosis), hemodynamic factors (collateral compensation) and systemic
      factors (clinical symptoms, accompanying diseases, risk factor control). Recent
      findings suggest that plaque morphology (composition and structure) may be of
      greater importance than the degree of stenosis and it may be speculated if
      current indications for carotid endarterectomy are optimal.

PMID- 13679681
TI  - Management of patients with carotid stenosis.
AB  - Carotid atherosclerosis is one of the main risk factors for ischemic stroke. The
      annual risk of ipsilateral stroke for asymptomatic, albeit severe stenoses is as
      low as 1 to 2%, but increases to 13% in patients with recent ischemic symptoms.
      However the risk decreases after the first 2-3 years from the symptomatic
      episode, dropping to 3%. Echo-color Doppler ultrasonography is the screening
      method of choice, being highly accurate, noninvasive and low-cost. Carotid
      angiography still represents the gold standard, however, less invasive techniques
      as RM angiography and Angio-CT are becoming increasingly common. Based on NASCET,
      ECST and ACAS results, carotid endarterectomy (CE) is strongly recommended for
      severe symptomatic stenoses, while for the moderate symptomatic and the severe
      asymptomatic ones the benefit in terms of stroke risk reduction is modest and
      surgery should be restricted to selected cases in surgical centers of high
      experience. For severe asymptomatic stenoses NNT is too high to recommend
      indiscriminate surgery; we are waiting for the results of ACSRS trial, designed
      to identify a subset of patients at risk of ipsilateral stroke greater than 4%/y,
      that may be considered for CE, while patients at low risk will be spared from
      unnecessary operation. Apart from surgery, in all patients with carotid
      atherosclerosis correction of cardiovascular risk factors is mandatory.
      Antiplatelet therapy (ASA alone or with dypiridamole, ticlopidine) is effective
      in secondary prophylaxis of athero-thrombotic stroke; its use in asymptomatic
      carotid stenoses can be recommended, even if more because of a plausible
      rationale than of clinical trial-based evidences.

PMID- 13679682
TI  - Gene therapy for bypass graft failure and restenosis.
AB  - Recently, it has become clear that the concept of gene therapy has changed.
      Whilst it was once thought that gene therapy merely required insertion of a
      transgene into a gene transfer vector with subsequent delivery to the target
      tissue to provide a therapeutic effect, this is now entirely too simplistic.
      Rather, there are many critical steps in the design and implementation of gene
      medicines and each step requires exhaustive testing and optimisation for a given
      target disease to increase efficiency and safety. Within cardiovascular diseases
      there are many potential target pathologies for gene-based interventions. Bypass
      graft failure and restenosis are two such examples.

PMID- 13679683
TI  - Areas of uncertainty and unresolved issues in the management of venous
      thromboembolism.

PMID- 13679684
TI  - Emerging concepts in thromboprophylaxis.

PMID- 13679685
TI  - Pharmacology of second generation low molecular weight heparins.

PMID- 13679686
TI  - Prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in orthopaedic surgery.

PMID- 13679687
TI  - Treatment of venous thromboembolism: experience with bemiparin.

PMID- 13679688
TI  - [Monitoring the efficacy of immunotherapy by symptom scores and the skin prick
      test in patients with allergic rhinitis].
AB  - OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the role of the skin prick test, symptom scores, and
      total and specific IgE levels in monitoring the efficacy of immunotherapy in
      allergic rhinitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty patients with allergic rhinitis
      were assigned to two treatment groups depending on their preferences and their
      conditions to comply with follow-ups. Thus, 20 patients (12 females, 8 males;
      mean age 26 years; range 12 to 40 years) and 10 controls (6 females, 4 males;
      mean age 28 years; range 16 to 48 years) received immunotherapy and medical
      treatment, respectively. All the patients were evaluated by skin prick tests,
      symptom scores, and total and specific IgE levels before, and after 6, 12, 24,
      and 36 months of, the treatment. RESULTS: Symptom scores and skin test results
      differed significantly after treatment in the immunotherapy group (p<0.01),
      whereas similar results were obtained in the control group. These two parameters
      also differed significantly between the two groups (p<0.05). No significant
      differences were found between the total IgE and specific IgE results.
      Immunotherapy-associated adverse events were few, and none required
      discontinuation. CONCLUSION: Skin prick tests and symptom scores can be used in
      monitoring the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with allergic rhinitis.

PMID- 13679689
TI  - [The effect of laryngectomy and postoperative radiotheraphy on thyroid gland
      functions].
AB  - OBJECTIVES: We investigated the frequency of hypothyroidism in patients treated
      with total laryngectomy, hemithyroidectomy-isthmectomy, and postoperative
      radiotherapy for T3 or T4 larynx cancers. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-nine male
      patients (mean age 54 years; range 43 to 72 years) with T3 or T4 larynx cancers
      were prospectively included in the study. Preoperatively, thyroid function tests
      were normal in all the patients. Following radiotherapy, serum thyroid
      stimulating hormone (sTSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4)
      levels were measured every three months at least for a year. Detection of an
      increased level of sTSH together with decreased or normal levels of FT3 and/or
      FT4 indicated clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism, respectively. The
      relationship was assessed between hypothyroidism and both age and radiotherapy
      dosage. Statistical analyses were made with the use of the Student's t- test and
      Mann-Whitney U-test. RESULTS: Following radiotherapy, thyroid function tests
      remained normal in 12 patients (41%), while 12 patients (41%) and five patients
      (18%) developed subclinical and clinical hypothyroidism, respectively. No
      significant relationship was found between age and thyroid dysfunction (p>0.05),
      whereas radiotherapy dosage was found in significant relationship with the
      development of hypothyroidism (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Due to high rates of
      subclinical or clinical hypothyroidism following combined therapy, thyroid
      functions should be closely monitored in patients undergoing laryngectomy for T3
      or T4 larynx cancers.

PMID- 13679690
TI  - [The importance of the Delphian lymph node in subtotal laryngeal surgery].
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The study was designed to investigate the incidence of the Delphian
      lymph node in patients who underwent supracricoid laryngectomy (SL) for squamous
      cell carcinoma of the larynx and to evaluate our surgical approach to the primary
      tumor and the neck. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty patients underwent SL for
      squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. Laryngeal reconstruction was performed
      with cricohyoidopexy in 17 patients and cricohyoidoepiglottopexy in three
      patients. The presence of the Delphian lymph node was evaluated, together with
      its effect on the surgical technique, tumor metastasis, and prognosis. RESULTS:
      Preoperatively, no Delphian lymph nodes were detected by palpation.
      Intraoperative exploration revealed 13 lymph nodes in eight patients.
      Histopathologic examination showed metastatic spread in only one patient, the
      other nodes were found reactive. Surgical resection of the patient with Delphian
      node metastasis included the perichondrium of the cricoid cartilage as the lowest
      surgical margin, and neck dissection was extended to include the sixth level and
      postoperative radiation therapy was administered including the superior
      mediastinum. The patient died eight months after surgery from lung metastasis and
      neck recurrence. CONCLUSION: Evaluation of the Delphian lymph node existence
      particularly in patients with tumors involving the anterior commissure, anterior
      subglottic area, epiglottic petiole, and the pyriform sinus is important in
      excluding the possibility of leaving metastatic nodes behind in surgical
      techniques in which partial or total preservation of the cricoid cartilage is
      considered.

PMID- 13679691
TI  - A case of giant cholesteatoma extending to the posterior fossa.
AB  - We present a 43-year-old male patient who developed a giant cholesteatoma with
      lateral sinus obliteration and involvement of the posterior cranial fossa. The
      only complaints were left-sided aural discharges and total sensorineural hearing
      loss. Examination revealed a mass lesion consistent with cholesteatoma within the
      left middle ear. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed an
      extensive acquired cholesteatoma in the left middle ear, invading the posterior
      cranial fossa and leading to lateral sinus obliteration. The patient underwent
      left radical mastoidectomy. He had an uneventful postoperative follow-up for 13
      months. This case emphasizes the value of preoperative radiologic assessment of
      giant cholesteatomas that may present with relatively few or limited symptoms.

PMID- 13679692
TI  - [Dysphagia due to a cervical osteophyte: a case report].
AB  - Cervical osteophytes and other hypertrophic changes of the cervical spine may
      lead to dysphagia, odynophagia, otalgia, and sensation of a foreign body in the
      throat when they protrude from the anterior edge of the cervical vertebrae to the
      pharynx or upper esophagus. A fifty-three-year-old male patient presented with a
      complaint of dysphagia. Physical examination showed no abnormality. Barium
      esophagography revealed osteophytic spurs in the anterior aspect of C4-5
      vertebrae, in close approximation to the inlet of esophagus, obstructing the
      esophagus passage by external compression. Anti-inflammatory therapy administered
      for three weeks did not provide relief of the patient's complaint. Surgical
      treatment recommended was refused by the patient.

PMID- 13679693
TI  - Metastatic spread of occult papillary carcinoma of the thyroid to the
      parapharyngeal space: a case report.
AB  - Metastasis from thyroid carcinomas to the parapharyngeal space is very rare. A
      forty-year-old male presented with progressive dysphagia and enlargement in the
      right upper neck. Examination showed medial displacement of the right palatine
      tonsil and the lateral oropharyngeal wall. A firm, submucosal mass measuring 4 x
      3 cm was palpated. Computed tomography revealed a hypodense and heterogenic
      parapharyngeal mass with a calcified border. The mass was totally removed by a
      transcervical approach. Although frozen-section diagnosis was a benign lesion,
      histopathologic evaluation showed metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma to
      the parapharyngeal lymph nodes. Total thyroidectomy and bilateral selective neck
      dissection were performed, after which the tumor turned out to be papillary
      microcarcinoma (0.8 x 0.8 cm) in the right upper lobe of the thyroid gland. No
      locoregional recurrences or distant metastasis were observed during a three-year
      follow-up. The differential diagnosis of parapharyngeal masses should include
      metastatic thyroid carcinomas, for which a lymphatic route has been suggested
      between the thyroid gland and the parapharyngeal lymph nodes.

PMID- 13679694
TI  - [Did you say lentigo?].

PMID- 13679695
TI  - [Methicilline-sensitive and methicilline-resistant Staphylococcus aureus related
      morbidity in chronic wounds: a prospective study].
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Staphylococcus aureus is the most common bacteria responsible for
      cutaneous infections. Its capacity to adapt has led to the selection of
      methicilline-resistant strains (MRSA). These strains create specific problems in
      their management in dermatology (mode of contamination, treatment, added costs,
      increased nosocomial risks). The objective of our study was to search for
      morbidity of MRSA in chronic cutaneous wounds in hospital settings and assess the
      need of systemic antibiotic therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We have conducted a
      one-year prospective study. All the patients hospitalized in the department with
      leg ulcers or foot wounds were included. Following local sampling for
      bacteriological examination, three groups were constituted: methicilline
      sensitive patients with staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), methicilline-resistant
      staphylococcus aureus patients and patients in whom these bacteria were absent.
      Only the first two groups were compared after studying the past history, clinical
      description of the wound at the start of the study, results of the infectious
      bacteriology and of the clinical and bacteriological evolution of the wounds.
      RESULTS: The two groups studied were similar in number, past history, clinical
      aspect and therapeutic management. Only malnutrition was more frequent in
      patients exhibiting MRSA. There was no difference with the evolution of the
      wounds. CONCLUSION: Our study did not reveal any difference in the morbidity of
      staphylococcus aureus in the cutaneous wounds whether methicilline sensitive or
      resistant. Systematic antibiotherapy is not justified in the absence of signs of
      infection.

PMID- 13679696
TI  - [Postmenopausal frontal fibrosing alopecia: 20 cases].
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Postmenopausal frontal fibrosing alopecia is a scarring alopecia
      that has been recently described by Kossard in 1994 and rarely reported in the
      literature. OBSERVATIONS: We have conducted a retrospective clinical and
      histological study of a series of 20 cases of postmenopausal frontal fibrosing
      alopecia. The results, in agreement with those in the literature, revealed the
      stereotyped nature of this entity. DISCUSSION: All the clinical and histological
      data suggest that postmenopausal frontal fibrosing alopecia is a clinical form of
      lichen planopilaris occurring in elderly women. As with lichen planopilaris its
      physiopathology is unknown. However, in analogy with other lichen-like
      dermatoses, a lymphocyte T-mediated autoimmune reaction appears to play a
      predominant part in its genesis.

PMID- 13679698
TI  - [Leprosy in Guadeloupe (French West Indies): declining disease, increasing
      diagnosis delay].
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Endemic for nearly three centuries, leprosy is declining in
      Guadeloupe: its prevalence has decreased by 75 p. 100 over the last decade.
      Because it has become rare, it may well be overlooked. PATIENTS AND METHODS:
      Retrospective study of all the new cases of leprosy diagnosed in Guadeloupe from
      May 1996 to May 2001. RESULTS: In 10 cases of the 41 reported in this study,
      diagnosis had been delayed by more than 6 months. Nine of these 10 cases
      presented with classical clinical signs. The mean delay before diagnosis in these
      10 cases was of 22 months (range: 7-36 months); the mean number of consultations
      with a physician before the final diagnosis was of 3.2 (range: 2-8). The mean age
      at the time of diagnosis in patients in whom diagnosis was delayed was
      significantly greater than those in whom diagnosis was confirmed rapidly (55 vs.
      37 years). DISCUSSION: In Guadeloupe, one patient out of 4 presenting with
      leprosy is diagnosed with a delay of more than 6 months, despite a classical
      clinical presentation. This is deleterious to the patients and health economics.
      The patients in whom diagnosis was delayed were older. This epidemiological
      tendency appears inherent to this form of "residual leprosy". The present
      rareness of the disease is responsible for a lack of knowledge of the disease by
      the physicians through lack of experience. This phenomenon is also observed for
      syphilis and measles. There is a real risk of underestimation or erroneous
      diagnosis.

PMID- 13679697
TI  - [Drugs associated with acute generalized exanthematic pustulosis].
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis is a severe eruption
      which is usually drug related. If the causative drug is discontinued, acute
      generalized exanthematous pustulosis resolves spontaneously in ten days. The aim
      of this study was to compare drugs suspected of causing acute generalized
      exanthematous pustulosis reported to French Pharmacovigilance centres and those
      reported in the literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All cases of "pustular
      eruption" qualified as "serious" reported to the French Pharmacovigilance Centers
      between January 1985 and December 2001 were analyzed. Cases for which the
      diagnosis of acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis was not clearly
      identified were reviewed by a dermatologist. The relationship between acute
      generalized exanthematous pustulosis and drug exposure was re-examined by one of
      us. An exhaustive review of the literature was also performed. RESULTS: Review of
      the data base revealed 207 cases of serious acute generalized exanthematous
      pustulosis leading to death in 4 cases (2%). Of these cases of acute generalized
      exanthematous pustulosis, only one drug was suspected in 107 cases (51.6%). The
      main drugs involved were: pristinamycin (18 cases), amoxicillin (+/- clavulanic
      acid) (16 cases), hydroxychloroquine (8 cases) and a combination of spiramycin +
      metronidazole (5 cases). DISCUSSION: The most frequent causal drugs in our study
      and in the literature are: amoxicillin +/- clavulanic acid, pristinamycin,
      hydroxychloroquine, ampicillin, diltiazem, co-trimoxazole, terbinafine,
      carbamazepine and spiramycin +/- metronidazole. Only pristinamycin and diltiazem
      have information in their summary of product characteristics regarding the risk
      of acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis. Because it is essential to
      discontinue the causative drug as soon as possible if a pustular eruption occurs,
      physicians must be informed of the risk, which should be added to the "adverse
      events", and "warnings" sections of the summary of product characteristics of the
      drugs concerned. CONCLUSION: Our results show the relevance of notification of
      side effects by physicians to pharmacovigilance centres, leading to the
      identification of a signal and public health dissemination of warnings.

PMID- 13679699
TI  - [Breast metastases of an ovarian adenocarcinoma].
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Breast metastases are rare. Primary tumors are cutaneous,
      pulmonary, digestive and prostatic. A malignant tumor of the ovary is rarely
      responsible. OBSERVATION: A 69-year-old women presented a voluminous unilateral
      mastitis in a poly-metastatic context 3 years after the discovery of an ovarian
      adenocarcinoma. The anatomo-pathological examination confirmed the ovarian origin
      of the breast nodules observed. Progression was poor and the patient died 8
      months after the first clinical signs in the breast. COMMENTS: The difficulty in
      differentiating a primary from a secondary carcinomatous mastitis is enhanced
      when the primary cancer is unknown. In our patient, the immunohistochemical study
      did not discriminate between the breast and ovarian origin. The diagnosis was
      finally made on the basis of standard histology and the anatomoclinical
      correlation. Since immunohistochemical examinations may not be specific enough,
      such as was the case in our patient, the anatomoclinical confrontation is
      essential.

PMID- 13679700
TI  - [Papulo-erythematous eruption of neonatal lupus].
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Neonatal lupus is rare and cutaneous lesions are usually suggestive
      of the diagnosis. We describe the case an infant with atypical clinical and
      histological aspects. CASE REPORT: A female newborn, 6 weeks of life, presented
      since 3 weeks a papulo-erythematous eruption involving the trunk and the 4 limbs.
      Cutaneous biopsy showed a dermal infiltrate of mononuclear cells, which
      corresponded morphologically to lymphocytes. But myelo-monocytic origin was
      proved by immunostaining. This result could be seen in hematodermia and
      macrophagic activation syndrome, but we had no clinical sign for these diagnosis.
      Later, she presented an erythema of the eyelids and erythematous papules of the
      face leading to suspicion of neonatal lupus. Questioning the mother revealed that
      she had Raynaud's syndrome since 1995. Antinuclear factors were positive in the
      patient and her mother, corresponding to antiSSA and antiSSB antibodies. She
      exhibited cytolytic hepatitis but no congenital heart block. Direct
      immunofluorescence was negative. The clinical evolution was good with complete
      clearing of the eruption at the age of 3 months. At 10 months, clinical and
      biological examinations were normal, with no arguments for haematological
      disease. DISCUSSION: This observation is original because of the initial papulo
      erythematous eruption which is rare in neonatal lupus. Diagnosis was confirmed
      when specific secondary cutaneous lesions appeared. The biopsy of the first
      eruption showed a myelo-monocytic infiltrate which has never been described in
      neonatal lupus. However cutaneous biopsies are rarely performed in neonatal lupus
      and immunostaining is lacking in the literature.

PMID- 13679701
TI  - [Malignant dermohypodermic melanoma of the soft tissues].
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Melanoma of the soft tissue is a rare tumor that develops in most
      cases in the deep structures, only rarely involving the skin surface. We report
      an exceptional case of melanoma of the superficial soft tissue, exclusively
      involving the skin surface. OBSERVATION: A 35-year-old man presented with a
      superficial, pink, soft, mobile, lesion on the thigh. The histological
      examination revealed a tumoral proliferation of the reticular dermis and
      hypodermis, composed of pale giant cells grouped in nests or in lobules separated
      by connective ducts. Immunostaining was positive for HMB45, protein S-100,
      vimentine and NKIC3. It was negative for EMA, CD34, smooth muscle actin,
      cytokeratine and desmine. The search for a metastatic localization was negative.
      Extensive exeresis was performed. Three years later, the patient was still in
      complete remission. The macroscopic, histological and immunohistochemical
      examinations concluded in the diagnosis of a strictly dermohypodermic melanoma of
      the soft tissues. DISCUSSION: Our case report of a melanoma of the soft tissues
      is original because of the superficial localization of the tumor that, to our
      knowledge, has never been reported. It underlines the interest of performing
      systematic biopsies of any fast growing cutaneous lesion of recent discovery.

PMID- 13679702
TI  - [Acquired circinated ichthyosis revealing a lymph node tuberculosis].
AB  - BACKGROUND: Acquired ichthyosis usually reveals or is associated with an internal
      disease. The classical clinical aspect is vulgaris ichthyosis. We report a case
      of acquired ichthyosis, presenting original clinical features, revealing a lymph
      node tuberculosis. CASE REPORT: A 63-year-old male patient without past history
      of skin disease consulted for a generalized eruption. The eruption was composed
      of multiple erythemato-squamous plaques. The edge of the plaque was raised and
      circinated. Histologic examination of the edge and the centre of the lesion
      supported the clinical diagnosis of ichthyosis. The diagnosis of lymph node
      tuberculosis based on large inguinal nodes was confirmed by the fast acid-bacilli
      found in the lymph node. Initiation of antituberculosis therapy was followed by
      the rapid and complete disappearance of the skin lesions. DISCUSSION: We report a
      case of acquired ichthyosis with original clinical features and we propose to
      coin the term "acquired circinated ichthyosis". This entity was clinically
      distinct from ichthyosis vulgaris or pityriasis rotunda. This dermatosis was
      concomitant to lymph node tuberculosis and healed under antituberculosis therapy.

PMID- 13679703
TI  - [Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma bullosa: 2 cases].
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Since the first case described by Kaposi in 1887, bullous forms of
      cutaneous T-cell lymphomas are extremely. CASE-REPORT: We describe an unusual
      case of mycosis fungoides bullosa with palmoplantar dyshidrosis-like eruption
      and, to our knowledge, the first case of pleomorphic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
      bullosa. DISCUSSION: Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma bullosa can be very misleading,
      particularly when the bullous lesions are inaugural. Differential diagnosis have
      to be excluded (autoimmune blistering diseases or contact dermatitis during
      topical treatment of lymphoma or bacterial or viral cutaneous infections) by
      biopsy, direct immunofluorescence and bacteriological examinations. In these
      cutaneous lymphoma bullosa, the blisters appear to de due to excessive
      epidermotropism and/or toxicity of the tumoral infiltrate.

PMID- 13679704
TI  - [Lentigos of the thumbs occurring in an adult].

PMID- 13679705
TI  - [Localized pemphigus].

PMID- 13679706
TI  - [Transformation of hemoglobulin into methemoglobulin during heating of blood: its
      role in the treatment of vascular lesions using an Nd: YAG (1.06 m) laser
      treatment of vascular lesions].
AB  - Clinical modifications are usually observed during the irradiation of a blood
      vessel with a laser. These modifications are due to the heating of the blood.
      Photothermal modifications of oxy-hemoglobin (Hb-O(2)) and des-oxyhemoglobin (Hb)
      induce formation of met-hemoglobin (Met-Hb), not normally present in healthy
      human blood. In the near-infrared, the optical absorption of Met-Hb is 3 to 4
      times higher that the other chemical constituents of blood. Consequently, after
      the conformational change of the molecule of heme, the near-infrared (1.06
      microm) absorption is considerably enhanced. In order to improve the Nd: YAG
      laser treatment of vascular lesions, using a non uniform pulse sequence appears
      to be a much better and safer solution than using a single pulse. The non uniform
      pulse sequence consists of 3 pulses. The first one induces the optical
      modification of the blood. After a few hundreds of milliseconds, a 2(nd) and a
      3(rd), carrying an energy 3 to 4 times lower than the 1(st) one, are applied.
      These two pulses maintained a constant temperature inside the vessel. In order to
      achieve the complete destruction of the vessel, the total duration of the non
      uniform pulse sequence is similar to the thermal relaxation time of the blood
      vessel. In conclusion; a better knowledge of the laser tissue interaction process
      can lead to a better use of a laser. In this particular case, the efficiency of
      the Nd: YAG laser treatment of vascular lesions can be considerably improved
      while preserving non-targeted structures.

PMID- 13679707
TI  - [Micropapular eruption in a 6-year-old girl].

PMID- 13679708
TI  - [Orbital-palpebral edema].

PMID- 13679709
TI  - [Behcet's disease].

PMID- 13679710
TI  - [The hypereosinophilic syndrome].

PMID- 13679711
TI  - [Epidermoid carcinomas].

PMID- 13679712
TI  - [Fox Fordyce's disease].

PMID- 13679713
TI  - [Search for herpes simplex infection 1 and 2: direct diagnosis].

PMID- 13679714
TI  - [Chlorhexidine and anaphylaxis].

PMID- 13679715
TI  - [The molecular genetics of meningiomas and genotypic/phenotypic correlations].
AB  - The WHO classification divides meningiomas in three grades. In grade 1 tumors, by
      far the most common (90 p. cent), inactivation of the NF2 gene (associated to the
      loss of chromosome 22) is the most frequent alteration. However, a subset of
      grade 1 meningiomas does not involve the NF2 gene and is less likely to evolve
      towards higher grade tumors. After NF2 inactivation, additional events may occur
      and are related to greater aggressiveness, such as loss of 1p, 14q, 10 q and 9p
      chromosomes, reactivation of telomerase, inactivation of the p16/CDKN2A gene. All
      these alterations are much more frequent in grades 2 (atypical) and 3 (malignant)
      of the WHO classification. In addition to reviewing the available literature, we
      pooled together the individual cases in order to refine the correlation between
      genotype and phenotype (histological grading, location) and to propose a model
      for tumoral progression of meningiomas.

PMID- 13679716
TI  - [Chemotherapeutic neurotoxicity].
AB  - Not uncommonly, damage to the nervous system occurs as a complication of
      antineoplastic therapy. Neurotoxicity can be induced by synergistic or additive
      effects of cytotoxic treatments and nervous system exposure is related to routes
      and doses. Improvements in treating systemic malignancy have been accompanied by
      reports of neurologic toxicity that has important impact on quality of life and
      may even limit use of the treatment. Neurological toxicity may be a dose-limiting
      factor that prevents more aggressive use of that form of treatment. With the
      increasing use of multi-modality therapy, dose-intensive therapy and experimental
      therapy, the incidence of neurological toxicity continues to rise. It points out
      the need for continuous clinical evaluation to detect their appearance. When
      neurological complications are diagnosed late, they are rarely reversible.
      Neuroprotective agents are still under evaluation.

PMID- 13679717
TI  - [Risk of recurrent stroke in adults aged under 45 years following a first
      ischemic stroke: a five-year study of 95 patients].
AB  - Few data are available concerning the risk of recurrence of cerebral ischemic
      infarction in young adults (less than 45-years-old) after a first episode of
      ischemic stroke. From 1992 to 1996, 95 patients less than 45 years old were
      enrolled in a prospective study in order to define the etiology of their ischemic
      infarction with systematic and exhaustive explorations. They were recalled five
      years later (mean follow-up of 67,07 +/- 25,6 months) to determine the risk of
      stroke recurrence, the rate of cardiac and vascular events and the mortality. At
      5 years, 4 patients had a recurrence of ischemic stroke (4.7 p. cent). Seven
      patients had a coronary event (4 myocardial infarction and 4 angina). Eleven
      patients died (6 during the acute period). No recurrence of stroke was noticed in
      patients with stroke of undetermined cause or with minor cardiopathy
      (abnormalities of the atrial septum). The risk of recurrence of ischemic stroke
      in young adults appears to be very low.

PMID- 13679718
TI  - [The profile of memory disturbance in early Lewy body dementia differs from that
      in Alzheimer's disease].
AB  - It may be difficult to distinguish Lewy body dementia (LBD) from Alzheimer's
      disease (AD) especially at an early stage. Clinical diagnostic criteria for LBD
      still lack sensitivity. We compared memory performance in early AD and LBD to
      identify features that may help to distinguish these two conditions. Patients
      with Mini Mental State scores equal or above 18 were consecutively selected
      retrospectively from the University Out-patient Memory Clinic database. Probable
      LBD and AD were respectively diagnosed according to the international consensus
      criteria and the NINCDS-ADRDA criteria. Short-term memory was assessed with the
      digit span subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale and the Corsi block-tapping test.
      Long term verbal memory was assessed with a French version of the Grober and
      Buschke test. Long-term visual memory was tested with the recall of four
      geometric figures of the CERAD battery. There was no difference between the two
      groups in short-term or long-term visual memory. Except for the immediate and
      first free recalls, DCL patients performed significantly better than AD patients
      in all subtests of the Grober and Buschke test. The more striking differences
      were seen with the third total and delayed total recall. These results highlight
      the differences of memory impairment pattern in early LBD and AD. Episodic verbal
      memory is better in LBD patients who benefit more from cues, reflecting the
      subcortical component of the disease. Such neuropsychological data should be
      validated prospectively and further be part of the diagnostic criteria.

PMID- 13679719
TI  - [Handipark: a simple test of the impact of Parkinson's disease on activities of
      daily living].
AB  - Handipark, a new score for measuring the impact of Parkinson's disease on daily
      life activities is presented. The global score ranging from 1 to 10 (without half
      points) is easy to determine. For a given patient, the score takes into account 5
      items describing the global impact of the disease;Inter- and intra-observer
      reproducibility were determined. The reliability of the score was tested during
      two sessions separated by a 3-week interval. Five qualified neurologists scored
      30 Parkinson's patients presented randomly for scoring using a semi-structured
      video-recorded interview. Intra-observer reproducibility was good (concordance
      coefficient; k=0.74, Spearman's correlation coefficient; r=0.88). Inter-observer
      reproducibility was also good: r=0.96 (first session), r=0.87 (second session);
      the agreement coefficient between the 5 observers was k=0.85 (first session),
      k=0.82 (second session). Distribution curves of the Hanipark score was described
      in 150 Parkinson's disease patients to study the correlation with items of other
      scales specific for Parkinson's disease (UPDRS, Hoehn & Yahr). A number
      significant correlations were found. Handipark is a reliable tool easy to use in
      clinical practice by a large panel of physicians caring for Parkinson's disease
      patients to assess the impact of Parkinson's disease. Further studies are needed
      to assess its usefulness for the follow-up of patients and assess the therapeutic
      impact.

PMID- 13679720
TI  - [Symptomatic carriers of dystrophinopathy with chromosome X inactivation bias].
AB  - Several studies have recently highlighted the fact that the clinical involvement
      in females carrying a mutation in the dystrophin gene could be more frequent than
      usually thought, suggesting the need of a careful cardiac follow-up. Except for
      the classical chromosomal rearrangements, it was shown that a bias in the X
      chromosome inactivation process could be found in some affected females. We
      report two families illustrating different situations. The propositus of the
      first family, aged 32, presented with a proximal muscular weakness, increasing
      for three years, as well as elevated muscular enzymes in blood. Her brother
      suffered from classical Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Her mother was more severely
      affected, whereas her sister remained asymptomatic. A duplication of exons 3 to 7
      of the dystrophin gene was found in all four patients. The affected carrier from
      the second family was a sporadic case. She has been suffering from proximal
      muscular weakness for six years. Muscle biopsy showed a mosaic pattern of the
      immunostaining using specific antidystrophin antibodies. A stop mutation was
      found in exon 52. Her ten year-old daughter, carrying the mutation, was
      asymptomatic. In both families, the inactivation profiles were in accordance with
      the clinical presentation. We discuss the different mechanisms that may lead to
      the inactivation bias in these patients, as well as the advantage and limits of
      using the X chromosome inactivation test as a tool for diagnosis and prognosis
      purpose in symptomatic carriers for dystrophinopathies.

PMID- 13679721
TI  - [An ischemic syndrome of the oculumotor nucleus: associated clinical and
      anatomical variations on a theme].
AB  - Nuclear syndrome of the oculomotor nerve was first described in 1981, it is
      characterized by the association of an ipsilateral third nerve palsy with a
      paresis of elevation in the contralateral eye. This syndrome can be caused by
      vascular or tumoral lesions in the upper midbrain. It is rarely due to ischemic
      unilateral mesencephalic lesions, because ischemic lesions of the midbrain are
      usually integrated in a diffuse involvement of the brainstem and the thalamo-sub
      thalamic region. In case of nuclear syndrome of the third nerve due to isolated
      upper midbrain infarct in the paramedian territory, dependent on branches of the
      basilar artery, oculomotor symptoms are frequently isolated. On the contrary, in
      fascicular syndromes of the third nerve, resulting from stroke in more lateral
      territories upon branches of the posterior cerebral artery, many neurological
      symptoms are associated with the oculomotor signs. We describe 3 patients
      presenting with a characteristic nuclear syndrome of the third nerve, resulting
      from a unilateral paramedian ischemic stroke in the upper midbrain, confirmed by
      cerebral CT scan or MRI examination. Clinical presentation differed in each case,
      and marked contralateral hemiparesia, cerebellar syndrome and focal asterixis
      were associated in various ways with the stereotyped oculomotor disorders. In the
      3 cases, the nuclear syndrome of the third nerve was associated with fascicular
      involvement of the nerve, in an unusual clinical picture. The theoretical
      distinction between nuclear and fascicular syndromes is supported by the
      anatomical description of the arterial segmentation in the upper midbrain, which
      remains debated since the first description. According to the variability of
      clinical presentations, it seems that the arterial territories may be more
      variable than initially described. Therefore, ischemic lesions of the upper
      midbrain may involve some vascular borderzones with a high inter-individual
      variability. Upper midbrain strokes may thus lead to variable clinical pictures.

PMID- 13679722
TI  - [Analysis of gait disorders in Parkinson's disease assessed with an
      accelerometer].
AB  - The objective of this study was to analyse stabilized gait disorders in newly
      diagnozed Parkinson patients using an accelerometric device, which had been
      previously validated for human locomotion analysis (Auvinet et al., 1999), and to
      compare Parkinson's gait variables with those obtained in a matched normal
      population (same gender, age, height and weight). The patient group included 22
      subjects (women: 9, men: 13; age: 69+/-9 y; height: 164+/-9 cm; weight: 71+/-15
      kg) with motor score from 4 to 59 (mean: 23.5+/-3.0). Gait analysis system
      included two accelerometers held over the middle of the low back by means of a
      semi-elastic belt, cranio-caudal and side to side accelerations were recorded at
      a frequency of 50 Hz. Subjects were asked to walk at their own speed along a
      straight 40 meter long corridor. A 20 second period of stabilized walking was
      used to calculate stride frequency, step symmetry, stride regularity and cranio
      caudal activity (related to hypokinesia). The walking speed was measured with an
      electronic stop watch. Parkinson's gait was characterized by a reduction of
      walking velocity (p<0.0001) which was explained by reduction of stride frequency
      (p<0.001) and step length (p<0.001), but mainly we noticed a reduction of walking
      regularity (p<0.0001) and of the cranio-caudal activity (p<0.0001). These two
      last variables were strongly correlated to the motor score ((r=-0.59 (p<0.01); r=
      0.65 (p<0.003), respectively)). In conclusion regularity and cranio-caudal
      activity appeared as the most interesting variables to characterize stabilized
      Parkinson's gait.

PMID- 13679723
TI  - [Pituitary tumour as a presenting symptom of a systemic lymphoma].
AB  - Pituitary non Hodgkin malignant lymphomas are rare. We report a case of large
      cell systemic lymphoma with pituitary and meningeal localizations in a 40-year
      old patient. The clinical picture was panhypopituitarism with MRI appearance of
      pituitary adenoma and VII and VIII cranial nerves involvement. Diagnosis was made
      by identification of lymphomatous cells in CSF. The patient deceased in less than
      one year despite chemotherapy.

PMID- 13679724
TI  - [Hashimoto's encephalitis and sleep disorders].
AB  - Hashimoto's encephalitis is a rare cause of encephalitis which is improved by
      corticosteroid treatment. We report the case of a 42-year-old woman who developed
      progressive dementia associated with episodes of recurrent discorders of
      consciousness which rapidly improved with corticosteroids. During these episodes,
      no sleep activity was recorded on the holter EEG. These discorders were
      reversible with treatment and a normal EEG sleep pattern reappeared. At physical
      examination, Hashimoto's encephalitis can mimic Creutzfeld-Jakob disease.
      Systematic sleep-EEG recordings can be helpful for diagnosis of sleep disorders
      related Hashimoto's encephalitis. This case illustrates the importance of
      searching for antithyroid antibodies in patients with unexplained encephalitis.

PMID- 13679725
TI  - [Cerebral tuberculomas].
AB  - We report eight cases of brain tuberculoma. The clinical presentation was
      polymorphous: partial epilepsy (n=4), headache (n=3), hemiplegia (n=1),
      meningitis (n=1), cerebellar syndrome (n=1). Six patients also had pulmonary
      tuberculosis, one had tuberculosis of the genital organs, and one had HIV co
      infection. The brain CT scan and MRI were highly contributive to diagnosis and
      follow-up. Despite good compliance with an anti-tuberculosis regimen for at least
      14 months, the course was favorable in only six patients. Adjunction of
      corticosteroids led to radiological improvement. Assessment of cell immunity
      demonstrated a diminished immunomodulator ratio. Cerebral tuberculoma should be
      searched for in patients with unexplained neurological manifestations and several
      intracerebral lesions, particularly if pulmonary or visceral tuberculosis and/or
      immunodepression is part of the clinical picture.

PMID- 13679726
TI  - [Horner's syndrome associated with Guillain-Barre syndrome].
AB  - Autonomic dysfunctions are classically described during the acute phase of
      Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). This involvement concerns visceral afferent,
      parasympathetic and/or sympathetic efferent fibers and is closely related to
      sudden deaths in the acute phase of the disease. We report a case of a patient
      suffering from a GBS associated with a transient Horner syndrome without
      extraocular muscle involvement. Pharmacological tests of the pupils pointed to an
      orthosympathetic pre-ganglionic disturbance. Neither clinical nor
      electrophysiological parameter suggested a broader involvement of the autonomic
      nervous system.

PMID- 13679728
TI  - [Other uses for botulinum toxin in neurology].

PMID- 13679729
TI  - [The treatment of Alzheimer's disease].

PMID- 13679730
TI  - [Treatment of psychiatric and behavioural symptoms in Alzheimer's disease].

PMID- 13679731
TI  - [Health and social issues].

PMID- 13679733
TI  - [Social capital, from sociology to epidemiology: critical analysis of a transfer
      across disciplines].
AB  - In recent years, social capital has emerged in epidemiological studies as a new
      concept, improving our understanding of the relationships between social
      inequalities and health inequalities. This concept, borrowed from social
      sciences, has three distinct sociological sources. However, only the most recent
      theory, which emphasizes the role of civic trust and is useful for analysis at
      community level, has been used in epidemiological studies. Social capital poses
      three kinds of problem: i) theoretical problems, because it is defined by its
      effects rather than by its causes, and because it is presumed that these effects
      are positive, although they can in fact be negative; ii) methodological problems,
      because of the heterogeneity of empirical scales, from micro to macro, and
      because of the diversity of its semantic content, including contradictions; iii)
      political problems, because of the emphasis placed on individual responsibility
      and due to the imposition of a model of civic virtue, to the detriment of
      structural analysis.

PMID- 13679732
TI  - [Epidemiology and social determinants of health inequalities].
AB  - BACKGROUND: The general approach of social epidemiology is based on the
      observation of a strong social stratification of health outcomes within
      populations: a similar stratification of factors associated with health must
      therefore also exist according to social status. To explain social differences in
      health, the natural approach for epidemiologists is to consider an imbalanced
      distribution of established risk factors according to the social position of
      individuals. As this approach has largely failed, two main other research areas
      were recently explored: (i) identification of "new" social risk factors; (ii)
      research of possible mechanisms of social differences in health. METHODS AND
      RESULTS: Identification of social risk factors: early events and life course,
      occupational factors, social relationships (social networks and support,
      discrimination, neighborhood characteristics), health care. Research of possible
      mechanisms of social differences in health in the context of specific theoretical
      frameworks: the materialist model, the psychosocial model and the eco-social
      model integrating the interaction between individuals'characteristics and their
      environment. COMPLEX METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS: definition and measurement of
      variables characterizing the social situation of individuals; quantification of
      social inequalities at population level. Observational methods must often rely on
      very long-lasting cohorts, and imply statistical methods that account for
      longitudinal data or are able to manage simultaneously individual and contextual
      data.

PMID- 13679734
TI  - [Analysis of generic drug supply in France].
AB  - BACKGROUND: The list of generic medicines (LGM), published since 1997 by the
      Agence Francaise de Securite Sanitaire des Produits de Sante (AFFSSaPS), the
      French Medicine Agency, concerns a special part of the medicines reimbursed by
      the National Health Insurance (Social Security). The objectives of the present
      study were: i) to describe the components of this list, based on pharmaceutical,
      economical and therapeutic characteristics, ii) to study differences between
      generic and reference products (formulations, excipients, prices, etc.), iii) to
      analyze information on excipients provided to health care professionals. METHODS:
      The 21st version of the LGM (April 2001) was used. Therapeutic value was
      retrieved from the 2001 AFSSaPS report on the therapeutic value of 4490
      reimbursed medicines. Information on excipients in the LGM and the Vidal
      dictionary (reference prescription book in France) was compared. RESULTS: The
      products included in the LGM represent 20% of all reimbursed medicines. The mean
      price differences between generics and their reference products vary between 30
      and 50% for more than two thirds of the generic groups. The therapeutic value of
      the products of the LGM was judged important in 71% of cases (vs 63% for the 4409
      assessed medicines) and insufficient in 13% of cases (vs 19%). Information on
      excipients is often missing and sometimes erroneous. CONCLUSION: Although the LGM
      is regularly revised and thus the generic market in perpetual change, the 2001
      cross description of this pharmaceutical market provides much informations and
      raises some concern.

PMID- 13679735
TI  - [Evaluating the effectiveness of child lead poisoning prevention programs].
AB  - PROBLEM: A multi annual screening and prevention program against lead poisoning
      was implemented in a suburb of the Paris area. We attempted to assess the
      effectiveness of this program based on data available from children screening and
      follow-up. METHODS: Indicators of effectiveness included the evolution of blood
      lead levels at screening and the frequency of secondary increases in blood lead
      levels. Buildings inclusion dates were used to control for the increasing
      selection of less exposed children. RESULTS: A total of 3,660 children were
      screened between 1992 and 2000. We observed a regular decrease in blood lead
      levels at screening, in the highest blood lead levels obtained for each child and
      in the proportion of children whose blood lead levels increased after screening:
      the proportion of children with initial blood lead levels >=15 micro g/dl fell
      from 17.4% in the 1992-1996 period to 4.1% in the 1997-2000 period. A
      multivariate analysis taking into account the first year that children were
      screened in a given building showed that less exposed children were included over
      time, but found also an additional independent decrease in blood lead levels that
      can be related to the effectiveness of prevention efforts. A "building by
      building" analysis of 30 buildings where more than 20 children were located over
      the whole study period confirmed that the incidence of lead poisoning decreased
      within most of these buildings. CONCLUSIONS: Taking into account
      buildings'inclusion dates makes it possible to distinguish program effectiveness
      from the consequences of including less exposed children The effectiveness of
      preventive actions is associated with several interacting factors, including the
      participation of families and the active involvement of local technical staff and
      policy makers. The finding that the decrease in blood lead levels leveled off
      after 1997 calls for further actions.

PMID- 13679736
TI  - [Extra-abdominal desmoid tumors: 7-year outcome after surgical treatment in 12
      patients].
AB  - PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The purpose of this study was to report the clinical course
      and outcome in 12 patients with extra-abdominal desmoid tumors. MATERIAL AND
      METHODS: This retrospective series included 12 patients with extra-abdominal
      desmoid tumors treated between 1987 and 1996. Female gender predominated (8/12)
      and age ranged from 4 months to 60 years. The tumors were identified in the
      thoracic wall (n=2), the upper limb (n=4), and the lower limb (n=6) with a bony
      localization in the upper femoral metaphysis. Magnetic resonance imaging was
      highly contributive to the search for extension. Surgical treatment was given in
      all cases. All patients were living at last follow-up. RESULTS: Complete
      resection was achieved in three patients and incomplete resection in nine. Mean
      follow-up was seven years. There was one case of sarcomatous transformation and
      nine cases of recurrence. Mean time to recurrence was one year (range 6 months-4
      years). Two tumors, in the forearm and the leg, did not recur. Secondary surgery
      was not attempted in four patients whose clinical situation has remained stable
      after recurrence. A second resection was performed for recurrence in four other
      patients who then remained recurrence-free to last follow-up. One tumor recurred
      three times after surgical resection. Functional outcome was good in nine
      patients. DISCUSSION: The poorly limited nature of extra-abdominal desmoid tumors
      makes resection a difficult task, particularly when located in the girdles or the
      most proximal part of the limbs. Wide first-intention surgical resection is
      recommended but mutilation must be avoided due to the benign nature of the tumor,
      its slow progression, and the possibility of regression or stability after
      recurrence. Nevertheless, surgical treatment of recurrent tumors is difficult and
      often insufficient, compromising functional outcome. Complementary treatment
      (radiotherapy) has been advocated for better control tumor growth.

PMID- 13679737
TI  - [Total elbow arthroplasty in rheumatoid arthritis using GUEPAR prosthesis].
AB  - PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: We report a retrospective analysis of 16 patients with
      rheumatoid arthritis treated with a total humero-ulnar and humero-radial GUEPAR
      prosthesis (GIII). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The GUEPAR III elbow prosthesis is an
      anatomic polyethylene-metal gliding prosthesis designed to maintain physiological
      valgus. Right and left models are available in two sizes. On the humero-ulnar
      side of the prosthesis, was associated with a radial head, born on an
      intramedullary metallic stem, that can be fit with several sizes of mobile
      polyethylene cups. The 16 GIII prostheses were implanted in 1997 to 2001 in
      accordance with the manufacturers instructions. Mean follow-up was 2 years.
      RESULTS: Before surgical treatment, all patients had moderate or severe but
      invalidating pain. The Mayo Clinic score was 33 points. The Larsen radiographic
      score was grade III (7 elbows) or grade IV (9 elbows). Patients were reassessed 1
      to 5 years after implantation of the GIII (mean follow-up 2 years). At last
      follow-up the mean Mayo Clinic score had improved from 33 to 90 points. Outcome
      was considered excellent for 15 elbows and fair for 1. DISCUSSION: We review the
      indications for total elbow arthroplasty in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
      Semi-constrained prostheses are useful and necessary for the treatment of elbows
      exhibiting massive destruction, but the use of minimally constrained prostheses
      such as the GUEPAR III is becoming increasingly widespread. We use the GUEPAR III
      for 70% of our patients, particularly those with rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 13679738
TI  - [Epidemiological survey of wrist fractures in children].
AB  - PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The incidence of wrist fractures is increasing in children.
      We undertook an epidemiological survey in western France to determine
      characteristic features. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective multicentric study
      was conducted over one year in five university hospital centers in western
      France. The survey included 839 wrist fractures in children aged 6 to 16 years.
      The following criteria were recorded: age and gender, date and energy of the
      trauma, side and description of the fracture. Displacement was measured on the AP
      and lateral radiographs. RESULTS: The boys were older than the girls at the time
      of the wrist fractures, generally during the summer season (May to October). The
      left wrist was involved in 55% of the fractures; 83% were metaphyseal fractures.
      Fractures with epiphyseal detachment were more frequent in adolescents and
      occurred after high-energy trauma. Metaphyseal fractures were more common in
      girls than in boys. Displacement was greater in older children, particularly in
      case of epiphyseal detachment. DISCUSSION: We did not observe the male
      predominance often reported in our country. The girls probably practice sports as
      much as boys.

PMID- 13679739
TI  - [Overgrowth of femoral fractures in childhood].
AB  - PURPOSE: The purpose of this work was to define the role of different factors
      which can accelerate overgrowth of femoral fractures in childhood. MATERIAL AND
      METHODS: Fifty-one fractures of the femur observed in 28 boys and 23 girls, mean
      age four years, were treated orthopedically. Twelve fractures involved the upper
      third of the femur, 34 the middle third and five the lower third. There were 30
      transverse, 13 oblique, and eight spiral fractures. Overgrowth (OG) was assessed
      on x-rays obtained two years after bone healing and defined as the sum of the
      initial shortening (RI) plus leg length difference (LLD): OG=RI + LLD. RESULTS:
      OG was 11.3 mm in boys and 7.55 in girls, mean 9.5 mm. OG was greatest between
      the ages of 3 and 7 years. OG was 18.62 mm in spiral fractures, 9.15 mm in
      oblique fractures and 7.59 mm in transverse fractures. OG was 12.41, 9.46, and
      2.49 mm for the upper, middle, and lower femur. Mean OG was 5.46, 9.43, and 18.09
      mm for RI<5 mm, 5 mm<RI<10 mm, and RI > 10 mm respectively. There was a linear
      relationship between RI and OG: OG=0.84 RI + 3.4. DISCUSSION: Taking into account
      different factors, bony overgrowth can be estimated from the initial shortening
      in fractures of the femur in children. It is tolerated better in boys, between
      the age of 3 and 7 years, and for proximal and spiral fractures.

PMID- 13679740
TI  - [Anatomic study of the anterior patellar groove in the fetal period].
AB  - PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: We performed a biometric analysis of the femoral trochlea
      in the fetus and compared our findings with those observed in adults in order to
      search for correlations with other biometric parameters of the femur. MATERIAL
      AND METHOD: Twenty-two fetuses (44 knees) conserved in formol and free of known
      orthopedic disease were studied. Fetal age ranged from 26 to 40 weeks. After
      anatomic dissection, digitalized images were used to obtain angle measurements
      with a dedicated software. Measurements made on the distal epiphyseal view were:
      anteroposterior dimension of the condyles, medial and lateral protrusion of the
      trochlear borders, difference in condyle height, length of the trochleal borders,
      alpha angle of the trochlear groove, trochlear slope. Measurements made on the AP
      femoral view were: femoral anteversion, length of the femoral neck, neck-shaft
      angle. Spearman's test was used to search for correlations. Results were compared
      with measurements obtained under the same conditions in a series of 32 adult
      knees published by Wanner. RESULTS: The trochlear alpha angle was 148 degrees
      (coefficient of variation 4%). The angle was greater than 150 degrees for 18
      trochleae. The lateral border of the trochela was higher than the medial border
      in 37 of the 44 knees. There was no correlation with age and gender. Femoral
      anteversion was 27.01 degrees, with a high coefficient of variation (46%), and no
      correlation with the trochlear alpha angle. Comparison with measurements made on
      the adult knees revealed no significant difference. DISCUSSION: This is the first
      report of statistically significant biometric data of the fetal trochlea. The
      morphology of the lower femur observed during the third trimester of fetal live
      is the same as observed in adults. Morphological changes in the proximal femur
      occurring during growth do not appear to modify the morphology of the distal
      femur. The asymmetrical ingression of the patella into the trochlea,
      characteristic of modern man, is considered to result from bipedalism. Our study
      would suggest that the anatomic characteristics of the trochlea could have been
      integrated into the genoma during the course of evolution. This would be in favor
      of a genetic origin of trochlear dysplasia.

PMID- 13679741
TI  - [Patellar tendon-bone autograft reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament
      for advanced-stage chronic anterior laxity: is an extra-articular plasty
      necessary? A prospective randomized study of 100 patients with five year follow
      up].
AB  - PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: This prospective randomized study was conducted to analyze
      the anatomic and functional impact of an extra-articular lateral plasty
      associated with patellar tendon-bone autograft in anterior cruciate ligament
      reconstruction. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A consecutive series of 100 patients with
      grade II (Noyes classification) chronic anterior laxity confirmed on stress x
      rays were included in the study. All patients had a positive Trillat-Lachman
      test, a direct anterior drawer at 90 degrees flexion confirmed on the lateral x
      ray, and an instrumental differential laxity greater than 5 mm (manual
      arthrometry, Medmetric KT1000). Mean patient age was 27 years (range 16-29 years)
      and time from the accident to ligamentoplasty was 29 months (range 3-156 months).
      In the operating theater, the patients were assigned at random to two groups.
      Group 1 (50 patients) underwent arthroscopic free patellar tendon-bone autograft
      reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament. In the second group (50
      patients) the same reconstruction was further supported by a lateral extra
      articular plasty using the quadriceps tendon. All patients were followed
      prospectively. At 58 months follow-up (none of the patients were lost to follow
      up) residual laxity (Medmetric KT1000) was noted and functional outcome was
      assessed using the IKDC criteria. The Aglietti method was used to assess the
      position of the drill holes. RESULTS: The two groups were strictly identical at
      inclusion. At last follow-up, the statistical analysis did not reveal any
      significant difference between the groups for subjective outcome, joint motion,
      instrumental residual laxity, meniscal stock, or radiological changes. The
      overall IKDC score was A or B in 80% of the patients in group 1 and 88% of the
      patients in group 2. Delay to resumed sports activities (about 12 months) was
      also equivalent in the two groups with a trend towards lower intensity and sports
      producing less stress on the knee. A minimally positive pivot test with no effect
      on stability was observed in 4 patients in group 1 (intra-articular plasty alone)
      and in 2 patients in group 2 (intra- and extra-articular plasty). 16% of the
      insufficient results (IKDC C and D) were related to repeated tears (n=8, 6
      patients in group 1 and 2 patients in group 2, p=0.268), and failure (n=8, 4 in
      each group) due to defective motion and pain. Repeated tears were strongly
      correlated with incorrect drill hole position in the tibia (p=0.01) or femur
      (p=0.024). Despite the stabilization, radiological remodeling was observed in 31%
      of the patients in both groups. DISCUSSION: The results in this consecutive
      series of patients demonstrated the good results obtained with intra-articular
      ligamentoplasy using the mid third of the patellar tendon. The rate of repeated
      tears or minimally positive pivot tests was higher in group 1 with intra
      articular plasty alone but did not reach statistical significance and was
      generally related to a technical error in positioning the autograft, making it
      difficult to draw any conclusion concerning the anatomic superiority of mixed
      plasty. CONCLUSION: At the current follow-up of 5 years, this study was unable to
      demonstrate any advantage of systematic conjunction of an extra-articular lateral
      support for advanced chronic anterior laxity of the knee treated by a free
      patellar tendon graft.

PMID- 13679742
TI  - [Segmental tibia fractures: a critical retrospective analysis of 49 cases].
AB  - PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Segmental tibia fracture is defined by the presence of two
      distinct fracture lines separating the cortical and completely isolating an
      intermediary segment of the tibia. Little work has been published on this
      clinical entity. We report a retrospective analysis of 49 patients treated in one
      center for segmental tibia fracture in order to determine more precisely the
      indications for three surgical techniques: locked intramedullary nailing with or
      without reaming, and external fixation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The series included
      34 men and 15 women, mean age 40.8 years. All patients had traffic accident: 25
      had multiple fractures, 17 had multiple organ injury, and 9 had floating knees.
      There were 30 open fractures; 2 patients developed compartment syndrome. The
      segments were: distal-proximal metaphyso-metaphyseal (n=1), proximal diaphyso
      metaphyseal (n=17), diaphyso-diaphyseal (n=27), and distal diaphyso-metaphyseal
      (n=4). The mean length of the intermediary segment was 14.1 cm. The emergency
      procedure involved intramedullary nailing with reaming (Grosse-Kempf nail) in 32
      patients, intramedullary nailing without reaming in 7 patients (Collin nail in 5
      and UTN in 2) and external fixation with non-transfixing pins in 10 patients
      (Orthofix). External fixation was converted early to intramedullary nailing in
      three patients (Grosse-Kempf nail in 2 and Collin nail in 1). RESULTS: Three
      patients were excluded: 2 underwent amputation after failure of vessel repair and
      1 developed septic necrosis of a free latissimus dorsi flap; 1 patient died from
      multiple organ failure. Outcome at at least 18 months was known for 42 patients
      (4 patients lost to follow-up). There were 4 cases of post-nailing compartment
      syndrome; one case of deep infection on a Grosse-Kempf nail was treated by
      external fixation. Among the 27 patients with segment tibia fractures finally
      stabilized with a Grosse-Kempf nail, nonunion developed in 8; mean time to bone
      healing was 10 +/- 4.8 months (with dynamization in 13 patients). For the 7
      external fixations, nonunion developed in 2; mean time to bone healing was 9.2 +/
      2.9 months. For the 8 nailings without reaming, nonunion developed in 2; mean
      time to bone healing was 9.5 +/- 2.5 months. Bone healing was not simultaneous in
      the two foci in more than half of patients. Two patients developed clinical
      sequelae of their compartment syndrome with deficient knee flexion in two. The 12
      cases of aseptic nonunion were successfully treated by nailing with reaming and
      early weight bearing. DISCUSSION: Comparing our results with the therapeutic
      modalities used in published reports on segmentary tibia fractures showed that
      time to bone healing and the rate of nonunion were generally greater than in our
      series. A critical analysis of these results allows us to propose a more
      interventionalistic attitude before the development of late healing. We also
      propose a classification of segmental tibia fractures and a decisional tree for
      choosing between the three techniques based on the presence of soft tissue
      damage, the presence of compartment syndrome (nailing without reaming), and the
      presence of proximal or distal metaphyseal fractures (distal locked nail).
      Nailing with moderate reaming remains the preferred method.

PMID- 13679743
TI  - [Evaluation of a long-distance data transmission network in foot and ankle
      surgery].
AB  - PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: This prospective work was designed to evaluate the
      concordance of the opinions of four experts interrogated via a long-distance
      inter-hospital data transmission system by an orthopedic surgeon seeking advise
      on foot and ankle surgery patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The surgeon requested
      advice concerning patients presenting difficult diagnostic or therapeutic
      situations. The requests were submitted via email to four experts working in
      regional referral centers. A standardized method defined by pathological
      categories was used for case description and imaging. RESULTS: Requests
      concerning 30 among 450 patients presenting surgical foot and ankle disorders
      were addressed to the experts. The surgical problem involved the forefoot (46%),
      the mid foot (16%), the hind foot (7%) and the ankle (31%). Mean delay to
      response was 11 days. The index of diagnostic agreement was 3.2/4 and the index
      of therapeutic agreement was 2.6/4. DISCUSSION: This study was designed to
      analyze the operating procedures involved (respective responsibility of the
      requesting surgeon and the regional experts, remuneration due to the different
      participants) and the potential patient benefit. The appropriateness of the email
      transmission system was also examined. For this type of study, email transmission
      was indicated because of the low cost, easy use, and image quality. This work
      illustrated the very good diagnostic and therapeutic concordance between experts
      in foot and ankle surgery and thus demonstrated the potential usefulness of long
      distance expert systems. Furthermore, implication of several experts provided
      greater precision and complementary information facilitating management of
      difficult cases.

PMID- 13679744
TI  - [Patient-rated wrist questionnaire: preliminary report on a proposed French
      version of a North American questionnaire designed to assess wrist pain and
      function].
AB  - We present a French translation of a North American self-assessment questionnaire
      (Patient Rated Wrist Questionnaire or PRWE). This questionnaire was developed by
      Joy MacDermid and members of the IWI (International Wrist Investigators). Three
      years were needed to establish the specific items and questions to get a valid
      and reliable questionnaire. It includes 5 questions on pain and 10 questions on
      function. All the questions were rated on a 0-10 scale. The questionnaire
      provides several scoring options with a total of 100. MacDermid assessed the
      responsiveness of three questionnaires (DASH, SF-36 and PRWE) in 59 patients
      after distal radius fractures. Standardised response means (SRM) were calculated
      to indicate responsiveness. The PRWE was the most responsive. The French version
      was evaluated on 20 patients. All the questions were understood. The mean writing
      time was 5 minutes (3 min - 7 min).

PMID- 13679745
TI  - [Pseudo-winging of the scapula and snapping scapula secondary to solitary
      exostosis: two cases].
AB  - Pseudo-winging of the scapula and scapular snapping are two clinical signs of
      upper girdle insufficiency. The association of these two signs is highly
      suggestive, if not pathognomonic, of exostosis of the ventral aspect of the
      scapula. Resection of the exostosis is recommended to prevent pain and
      sarcomatous degeneration.

PMID- 13679746
TI  - [Lateral dislocation of the elbow: pathophysiological and therapeutic analysis].
AB  - Lateral dislocation of the elbow is exceptional, and its pure form even more so.
      We report a case of lateral dislocation of the elbow observed in a 65-year-old
      woman following a fall on the medial aspect of the elbow in the flexion position.
      Reduction could not be achieved because of the anconeus muscle interposition.
      Analysis of the mechanism involved and the displacements observed enabled to
      propose a reduction manoeuvre using gentle traction on the elbow with extension
      and progressive supination of the forearm, pushing the olecranon backward then
      pulling it medialy. This enabled avoiding incarceration of the nerve bundle or
      capsulo-ligamentary structures.

PMID- 13679747
TI  - [Extra-spinal cause of recurrent sciatalgia after disk surgery: a case report].
AB  - There is a general consensus concerning the clinical and radiological approach to
      diagnosis and proper management strategy in patients with sciatalgia subsequent
      to disk herniation. Recurrent herniation is the most probable diagnosis when pain
      recurs the same territory long after surgery. Despite advances in computed
      tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging, it may be difficult to identify the
      real source of the pain in some patients. We report a patient with renal cell
      cancer who developed recurrent sciatic pain which did not respond to disk
      surgery. This case illustrates the need for an extensive work-up before
      implicating the spine as the cause of recurrent sciatalgia.

PMID- 13679748
TI  - [Osteoid osteoma of the tarsal navicular bone: an uncommon localization].
AB  - We report a case of subchondral osteoid osteoma of the tarsal navicular bone.
      Osteoid osteomas are often located in the foot, mainly in the talus. This is the
      first report in the literature of a tarsal navicular bone localization. Diagnosis
      was difficult and established late due to misleading clinical presentation
      simulating mediotarsal arthritis.

PMID- 13679749
TI  - [Are academic radiologists evaluating the professional ethics of their
      residents?].

PMID- 13679750
TI  - [Imaging of mandibular malformations and deformities].
AB  - Mandibular deformities and malformations are quite various. They are mostly
      identified by clinical examination, but imaging is very useful for surgical
      planning. CT imaging is essential to evaluate patients with dystrophies such as
      fibrous dysplasia, neurofibromatosis, Gorlin syndrome and cherubism. Some growth
      abnormalities lead to a pseudomalformative appearance. Sequelae and ankylosis
      from condylar fracture, and unilateral mandibular hypoplasia due to capillary
      venous malformation require CT or/and MR evaluation. CT with 3D reformations is
      performed as a complement to clinical evaluation in patients with other growth
      abnormalities such as orthognathic problems, hypercondylia, and some
      malformations like lateral facial clefts. MR is helpful for soft tissue
      evaluation in patients with Parry-Romberg syndrome and Pierre Robin dysostosis.

PMID- 13679751
TI  - [Cardiac imaging by means of four-detector row computed tomography and cardiac
      gating].
AB  - Electrocardiographically-assisted imaging is a recent development in multislice
      spiral computed tomography. In this article, we summarize the principles of four
      detector row CT for cardiac applications. Following is an overview of the
      potential of this technique to evaluate the heart, the thoracic aorta, and the
      paracardiac pulmonary parenchyma. Technical considerations for optimal imaging
      are highlighted.

PMID- 13679752
TI  - [Are academic radiologists evaluating the professional ethics of their
      residents?].
AB  - PURPOSE: Ethics is a challenging topic to teach and calls for competencies
      complex to pin point. Nevertheless, evaluation of ethics is a milestone on the
      way to autonomous medical practice. Our objectives were 1; To describe the
      "hidden knowledge" of academic radiologists evaluating the ethics of their
      residents; 2; To look for common denominators by comparing the evaluative
      practice of academic radiologists from France and Quebec. METHOD: 8 academic
      radiologists were interviewed on a critical episode of ethics evaluation of
      residents. The 8 transcripts were coded then co-coded using a USA reference from
      the radiology literature. RESULTS: 8/8 radiologists referred to 8 common issues
      of ethics, 7/8 shared an extra one, related to the teaching setting and 3/8 added
      the specific issue of consent to radiological procedure. CONCLUSION: The same
      ethical issues are shared by radiologists working in USA, France and Quebec.
      There are great similarities in evaluating ethics of residents among academic
      radiologists from France and Quebec, the diffusion of which being potentially
      useful to medical ethics training.

PMID- 13679753
TI  - [Interpretation of chest radiographs in the intensive care unit: a hard- versus
      soft-copy comparative study].
AB  - PURPOSE: To compare the reliability of hard- versus soft-copy interpretation of
      intensive care unit chest radiographs, using a non-specialized standard
      resolution computer screen. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 104 chest radiographs were
      included in this study. Three physicians (one radiology resident, one intensive
      care unit resident and one experienced intensive care unit physician) gave their
      interpretations on computerized grids. Results were analyzed statistically using
      ROC curves and Kappa (kappa) index of concordance with experts. RESULTS: Results
      for reanimation equipment detection are almost independent from the modality
      (kappa(soft-copy)=0.891+/-0.037, kappa(hard-copy)=0.899+/-0.037). Regarding
      pathology detection, a global analysis only shows a difference at the limits of
      significance to the advantage of hard-copy films (kappa(soft)=0.514 +/-0.028,
      kappa(hard)=0.572+/-0.028). Overall results were significantly better for the
      radiologist compared to the intensive care unit physicians
      (kappa(radiologist)=0.751+/-0.048, kappa(intensive-care)=0.405+/-0.048).
      CONCLUSION: Concerning the task that is studied here, which requires only routine
      computer equipment, our results suggest that human factors can be more important
      than material factors.

PMID- 13679754
TI  - [Anomalous insertion of the pectoralis minor muscle: ultrasound findings].
AB  - PURPOSE: With anomalous insertion of the pectoralis minor muscle, its distal
      fibers pass over the coracoid process instead of inserting on it, following
      sometimes a trajectory very similar to that of the coracohumeral ligament. The
      aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the frequency of detection of this
      anomalous insertion by ultrasonography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ultrasound
      demonstrated the abnormal insertion of the pectoralis minor muscle by directly
      visualizing its fibers slipping over the coracoid process during external and
      internal rotation of the humerus. Three hundred and three individuals underwent
      ultrasound of the shoulders (64,7% female, mean age of 45 years), for a total of
      six hundred and six shoulders; 30% (183/606) were symptomatic. RESULTS: An
      abnormal insertion was demonstrated in 9,57% of the examined shoulders (58/606),
      with a statistically significant predominance on the left side (12,2%) compared
      to the right side (6,9%), and of women (12,2%) compared to men (4,7%).
      CONCLUSION: Ultrasound demonstrated an abnormal insertion of the pectoralis minor
      muscle in 9,57% of 606 examined shoulders. There was a female and left side
      predominance and no significant correlation with symptoms.

PMID- 13679755
TI  - [Is the rings and arcs pattern of mineralization specific for chondroid matrix
      tumors?].
AB  - The rings and arcs pattern of mineralization is considered pathognomonic for
      cartilaginous tumors. The authors report four cases of osteoblastomas in which
      the presence of such a pattern of mineralization mistakenly lead to a diagnosis
      of cartilaginous tumor. These densities are not explained by the histologic
      findings.

PMID- 13679756
TI  - [True isolated atherosclerotic aneurysm of the axillary artery].
AB  - The true atherosclerotic aneurysm of the axillary artery is a rare condition. It
      either presents as a pulsatile axillary mass or arterial emboli in the hand and
      fingers. We report the case of a 70-year-old man with a 5 cm aneurysm of the
      axillary artery presenting with embolic disease to the hand. Angiography is
      helpful and provides valuable preoperative anatomic details. Surgery remains the
      treatment of choice but endovascular treatment can also be considered.

PMID- 13679757
TI  - [A rare cause of spinal cord compression: osteochondroma of the thoracic spine. A
      case report].
AB  - Osteochondroma or exostosis is the most common benign tumor of bone, but
      vertebral involvement is rare. The authors report the case of a 16 years old male
      with a family history of hereditary multiple exostoses who presented with spinal
      cord compression. MR examination showed an intraspinal extradural bone lesion at
      the T1-T2 level, hyperintense on T1 weighted and hypointense on T2 weighted
      images, causing marked cord deformity. The CT scan showed a tumor of the body and
      left pedicle of T2 with severe narrowing of the spinal canal.

PMID- 13679758
TI  - [Quid? Lipomatous macrodystrophy of the static type].

PMID- 13679759
TI  - [Helical CT pelvimetry: advantages of a low dose volume acquisition technique].
AB  - The authors evaluate the accuracy of a new CT pelvimetry technique that allows
      faster and low dose acquisition, and provides an axial view of the true conjugate
      as well as a 3D view of the maternal pelvis. Made possible by the availability of
      MDCT, this new technique may be a good alternative to standard CT pelvimetry even
      if MR pelvimetry still appears as the gold standard.

PMID- 13679762
TI  - [Radio-anatomy of the paranasal sinuses].
AB  - The imaging anatomy of the paranasal sinuses presents some complexity. The
      paranasal sinuses develop within facial and cranial bones. They communicate with
      one another and with the nasal cavity. Knowledge of normal anatomy is mandatory
      for accurate diagnosis of sinonasal pathology. The most frequent anatomical
      variants should be identified to decrease surgical risks. CT is the main imaging
      modality for the evaluation of sinonasal pathology. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: to
      review the normal sinonasal anatomy and its frequent anatomical variants at CT
      imaging.

PMID- 13679763
TI  - [Radiologic imaging of chronic sinusitis in the adult].
AB  - The diagnosis of chronic sinusitis is based on clinical presentation, nasal
      endoscopy and CT scan. As a matter of fact, the CT scan of the paranasal sinuses
      is absolutely necessary to characterise the lesions, to visualise anatomic
      variations which are risk factors for the endoscopic surgery and to follow up
      treated and/or operated patients with recurrent symptoms. Nowadays, plain films
      of paranasal sinuses do not have any indication. MR Imaging may be indicated in
      selected cases of complicated sinusitis and of pseudotumors associated to
      sinusitis.

PMID- 13679764
TI  - [Imaging of paranasal sinus trauma].
AB  - The role of imaging in the management of maxillofacial trauma is to describe
      anatomical lesions and to detect complications and associated injuries. Plain
      films are still useful for minimal trauma, but CT-scan is the gold standard for
      complex trauma. Helical CT and multidetector row CT simplify the emergency
      imaging of horizontal struts (skull base, orbital floor, alveolar ridge and
      palate). The diagnosis, and sometimes the treatment of complications may require
      CT cisternography, MRI and angiography. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: review mechanisms
      and classification of paranasal sinuses trauma; present the imaging techniques
      with special emphasis on CT; describe paranasal sinuses trauma features and
      pseudo-fracture patterns; describe complications and associated injuries.

PMID- 13679765
TI  - [Paranasal sinuses: postoperative imaging].
AB  - Radiologic assessment after sinus surgery requires not only a good knowledge of
      the primary disease, but also a mandatory understanding of every surgical
      technique and approach. After having described these techniques, we will
      illustrate immediate, possible but rare, post-operative complications. The
      various pathologies responsible for a delayed recurrence will also be
      illustrated. A chapter will be dedicated to paranasal sinuses malignant tumors
      follow up after surgery.

PMID- 13679766
TI  - [Paranasal sinuses and facial imaging: exploratory strategies].
AB  - Advances in radiological and endoscopic imaging allow more accurate location and
      spread of nasosinusal diseases. These developments have led to a better
      understanding of sinusal anatomy and to widespread of surgical techniques as
      endoscopic sinus surgery. CT becomes the primary imaging modality for assessment
      of chronic rhinosinusitis and complex traumatic injury. Associated to CT, MRI is
      used to distinguish between inflammatory and neoplastic pathology and to assess
      lesions involving the skull base or intracranial structures. However,
      optimization of technical parameters according to the pathology is necessary.

PMID- 13679767
TI  - [Giving research its proper value: what's at stake for surgery].

PMID- 13679768
TI  - [Doctor, why do you want to remove my colon cancer by laparoscopy?].

PMID- 13679769
TI  - [Management of severe acute colitis].
AB  - Severe acute colitis remains a challenge at every stage of its management. Once
      the diagnosis of acute colitis has been made, its severity is assessed according
      to the clinical and pathologic criteria of Truelove and Witt, in particular by
      morphologic and endoscopic criteria. Their recent descriptions may be used for
      prognostic evaluation and to guide therapeutic decision-making. In any case, the
      severe and complicated forms of acute colitis (perforation, massive hemorrhage,
      toxic megacolon) demand surgical intervention. In less severe cases, it is
      important to determine specific etiologies which may respond to medical therapy
      (primarily infections causes). The most frequent etiology by far is Inflammatory
      Bowel Disease (Crohn's Disease or Ulcerative Colitis); it is not always possible
      to make the distinction between these two entities. The first line of medical
      therapy for IBD is intravenous corticosteroids (1 mg/Kg) shifting over to an
      equivalent oral dose promptly if there has been a good response. If
      corticosteroids are ineffective, the second line of treatment is Cyclosporin (2
      mg/Kg); this requires specific precautions and surveillance. If neither of these
      therapies is effective, surgical resection is indicated. Subtotal colectomy with
      proximal ileostomy and rectosigmoid mucous fistula is the best interventional
      choice to minimize septic complications and it does not limit the possibilities
      for a later stage reestablishment of intestinal continuity.

PMID- 13679770
TI  - [Post-operative bowel obstruction. Part 1: Intraperitoneal bands and adhesions-
      causes and prevention].
AB  - Postoperative peritoneal bands and adhesions are very common and may occur after
      any surgical procedure within the peritoneal cavity. Certain factors have been
      shown to contribute to their formation. The abdominal surgeon should take account
      of these factors in his daily practice; a reasoned and preventive surgical
      approach and the use of techniques and products with proven clinical efficacity
      are to be recommended. This should permit the surgeon to simplify and minimize
      post surgical work and to diminish the incidence and complications of adhesions
      in both the immediate and long-term post-operative periods such as post-surgical
      pain syndromes, mechanical bowel obstruction, and adhesive peritonitis
      complicating reinterventional surgery.

PMID- 13679772
TI  - [Surgical treatment of bleeding duodenal ulcer by antroduodenectomy without ulcer
      excision].

PMID- 13679773
TI  - [Access and exposure in thoracoscopy].

PMID- 13679771
TI  - [Colon cancer in pregnancy].
AB  - Colon cancers arise only rarely in the course of a pregnancy. Yet colon
      obstruction, perforation and metastatic spread seem to occur more frequently in
      this setting than with the average colon cancer. Perhaps this is due to the
      immunotolerance which accompanies pregnancy. No case of epidermoid (squamous
      cell) cancer of the colon has been previously described in a pregnant woman. This
      conjunction has a catastrophic prognosis: the diagnosis of colon tumor is delayed
      since symptoms are masked by the pregnancy, and epidermoid colon cancer is a
      particularly aggressive lesion. A major sub-diaphragmatic surgical procedure can
      be performed with reasonable safety to mother and fetus. Radiotherapy is
      contraindicated. Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy can be administered although the risks
      to the fetus are not well known. During the first trimester, a therapeutic
      abortion can be proposed to optimise the treatment of the mother. During the
      second and third trimesters, treatment of the mother exposes the fetus to the
      risk of malformations or premature delivery; delay in maternal treatment in hopes
      of prolonging the pregnancy in order to obtain a viable neonate diminish the
      chances of maternal survival.

PMID- 13679774
TI  - [Approach to the cervical esophagus].

PMID- 13679775
TI  - [Giant diverticula of the duodenum].

PMID- 13679776
TI  - [Giant diverticula of the sigmoid].

PMID- 13679777
TI  - [39th congress of the American Society of Clinical Oncology].

PMID- 13679778
TI  - [Preoperative diagnosis of a strangulated obturator hernia using helical computed
      tomography].

PMID- 13679779
TI  - Colon cancer. Screening can save your life.

PMID- 13679780
TI  - Fine-tuning blood pressure control.

PMID- 13679781
TI  - Alcohol and its effects on women.
AB  - Women and men respond differently to alcohol. The most obvious reason for this is
      that women generally are smaller and have a higher percentage of body fat than do
      men, and they metabolize alcohol less efficiently than do men. But the effects of
      alcohol on women go far beyond size and metabolism.

PMID- 13679782
TI  - Fish oil and fish oil supplements.

PMID- 13679785
TI  - Does premenstrual syndrome (PMS) get worse as you near menopause?

PMID- 13679784
TI  - Feeling stiff in your hips? Exercises to stretch and strengthen.

PMID- 13679786
TI  - I just had a pneumonia shot. How long will it protect me?

PMID- 13679787
TI  - Can shoe inserts help reduce knee pain?

PMID- 13679788
TI  - Mayo Clinic office visit: breast pain. An interview with Robin Smith, M.D.

PMID- 13679790
TI  - Progress toward global eradication of dracunculiasis, January-June 2003.
AB  - In 1986, when the World Health Assembly adopted a resolution calling for the
      eradication of dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease), an estimated 3.5 million
      persons in 20 countries had the disease, and approximately 120 million persons
      were at risk for infection. By the end of 2002, annual incidence of the disease
      had been reduced >98%; seven countries in which dracunculiasis formerly was
      endemic (Cameroon, Chad, India, Kenya, Pakistan, Senegal, and Yemen) were free of
      the disease, and four countries (Central African Republic, Ethiopia, Mauritania,
      and Uganda) reported <100 cases each. During 1993-2002, the number of villages
      outside Sudan that reported cases decreased from approximately 23,000 to 2,022.
      This report describes the status of the global Dracunculiasis Eradication Program
      (DEP)* as of June 2003. The data indicate that incidence of the disease outside
      Ghana and Sudan has declined substantially since June 2002. Continuing efforts in
      all countries in which the disease is endemic, intensified efforts in Ghana, and
      an end to the ongoing war in Sudan are required for the eradication of
      dracunculiasis.

PMID- 13679791
TI  - Decline in annual incidence of varicella--selected states, 1990-2001.
AB  - Varicella (chickenpox) is a common, highly infectious, and vaccine-preventable
      disease. Before the introduction of the live attenuated varicella vaccine in
      1995, approximately 4 million cases of varicella occurred annually in the United
      States, resulting in approximately 11,000 hospitalizations and 100 deaths. In
      1996, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended routine
      vaccination of all children at age 12-18 months, catch-up vaccination of all
      susceptible children before age 13 years, and vaccination of susceptible persons
      with close contact to persons at high risk for serious complications. In 1999,
      ACIP updated these recommendations to include vaccination requirements for child
      care and school entry and for postexposure; ACIP also strengthened
      recommendations for vaccination of susceptible adults and indicated that
      varicella vaccine should be considered for outbreak control. Changes in the
      national annual reported incidence of varicella disease during 1972-1997 have
      been reported previously. This report summarizes trends in the annual reported
      incidence of varicella disease in selected states during 1990-2001. The findings
      underscore the continued need to improve varicella surveillance to monitor the
      impact of the varicella vaccination program and assess any changes in varicella
      transmission and disease.

PMID- 13679792
TI  - Wound botulism among black tar heroin users--Washington, 2003.
AB  - During August 22-26, 2003, four injection-drug users (IDUs) in Yakima County,
      Washington, sought medical care at the same hospital with complaints of several
      days of weakness, drooping eyelids, blurred vision, and difficulty speaking and
      swallowing. All four were regular, nonintravenous injectors of black tar heroin
      (BTH), and one also snorted BTH. This report summarizes the investigation of
      these cases, which implicated wound botulism (WB) as the cause of illness.

PMID- 13679793
TI  - Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors about West Nile virus--Connecticut, 2002.
AB  - Since West Nile virus (WNV) was first recognized in the United States in 1999,
      the geographic distribution has widened progressively, and the resulting human
      morbidity and mortality has increased. The cornerstones of WNV control and
      prevention are 1) surveillance with sustained and integrated mosquito control to
      detect the presence of WNV in areas where humans are at risk and 2) public
      education on the use of personal protective behaviors (PPBs) and peridomestic
      mosquito control to reduce the risk for mosquito bites. In Connecticut,
      strategies to improve public education and WNV-risk awareness consist of issuing
      graded warnings after assessing local surveillance findings during the
      transmission season. In 2002, three of the 17 Connecticut patients with confirmed
      WNV infection reported having used any PPBs. To assess knowledge, attitudes, and
      behaviors about WNV during the transmission season, the Connecticut Department of
      Public Health added questions about WNV to its Behavioral Risk Factor
      Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey conducted during August-November 2002. This
      report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicate that general
      awareness of WNV and knowledge of elderly persons being at risk for more severe
      illness were high; however, awareness of local surveillance findings was poor,
      and belief in the local presence of WNV did not predict the use of PPBs. The
      findings underscore the need for continued public education about the risk for
      WNV infection and the use of PPBs and the need for regular systematic evaluations
      of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors to refine and improve public health
      messages effectively.

PMID- 13679794
TI  - Public health dispatch: measles epidemic--Majuro Atoll, Republic of the Marshall
      Islands, July 13-September 13, 2003.
AB  - During July 13-September 13, 2003, a total of 647 clinically diagnosed measles
      cases* were reported on Majuro Atoll in the Republic of the Marshall Islands
      (RMI); this is the first measles outbreak reported in RMI since 1988. An
      additional 74 suspected measles cases are under investigation. This report
      describes the clinically diagnosed measles cases and the public health response
      to stop the epidemic. Of the 647 cases, 15 (2%) are laboratory confirmed, either
      by serology, polymerase chain reaction, or viral culture. The age of patients
      ranged from 2 weeks to 43 years (median: 12 years); 479 (74%) patients were aged
      <20 years. The overall measles incidence on Majuro Atoll (estimated 2003
      population: 25,097) is 26 cases per 1,000 population. The incidence is highest
      among infants aged <1 year (160 per 1,000 population), followed by children aged
      1-4 years (40).

PMID- 13679795
TI  - West Nile virus activity--United States, September 11-17, 2003.
AB  - This report summarizes West Nile virus (WNV) surveillance data reported to CDC
      through ArboNET as of 3 a.m., Mountain Daylight Time, September 17, 2003.

PMID- 13679801
TI  - Potential adverse effects of the inhaled corticosteroids.
AB  - The purpose of this review is to provide the clinician with an update on the
      potential adverse effects caused by the inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs). The
      systemic effects of ICSs are a result of that portion swallowed and absorbed
      through the gastrointestinal tract and not eliminated by first-pass metabolism
      and that portion delivered to the lung and absorbed. If administered in high
      enough doses, any of the ICSs will produce clinically significant systemic
      activity. This review will explore the risks for clinically significant adverse
      effects from sustained use of ICSs, as recommended by the current guidelines. The
      standard method for assessing systemic activity in short-term studies is
      measurement of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function. The ICSs provided in
      the medium dose range can produce measurable effects on the hypothalamic
      pituitary-adrenal axis. However, clinically significant suppression is unlikely
      to occur except at high doses. The effect on growth in children over 1 to 4 years
      occurs at low to medium doses, might be dependent on the specific ICS, and is
      small (1-2 cm). The data are insufficient to determine whether there is an effect
      on attainment of predicted adult height. The ICSs affect bone mineral density and
      risk of fractures in a dose-dependent fashion that appears significant at high
      doses.

PMID- 13679803
TI  - Regulatory T cells control the development of allergic disease and asthma.
AB  - The role of T(H)2 cells in the pathogenesis of allergy and asthma has been well
      described. However, the immunologic mechanisms that downmodulate and protect
      against the development of these disorders are poorly characterized. A spectrum
      of CD4+ T cells, including T(H)1 cells, T(H)3 cells, regulatory T cells, CD25+ T
      cells, and natural killer T cells might play a critical role in regulating these
      diseases and are discussed in this review.

PMID- 13679805
TI  - Adherence intervention research: what have we learned and what do we do next?
AB  - Although there is general agreement from studies demonstrating that adherence to
      inhaled corticosteroid therapy is often inadequate to establish consistent
      control, relatively little concurrence exists in reports of interventions to
      correct the problem. Half of the studies reviewed found that the experimental
      intervention did not change adherence, and behavior change reported by patients
      was often not accompanied by changes in treatment success. Studies used a variety
      of methods that differed in quality with findings that were often contradictory.
      Key limitations in many studies included reliance on inadequate adherence
      measures, inclusion of convenience samples of well-motivated patients, and
      assessments of intervention outcomes artificially boosted by attrition of least
      adherent participants. Research is encouraged into innovative interventions that
      are brief, easily implemented, and can be tailored to individual patients and
      diverse clinical settings. Of particular importance is inclusion of hard-to-reach
      patients, including urban and rural poor and the use of valid measures of
      adherence at intervals sufficient to establish enduring benefit.

PMID- 13679806
TI  - Negative venom skin test results in patients with histories of systemic reaction
      to a sting.
AB  - For more than 20 years venom immunotherapy has been the preferred treatment for
      Hymenoptera allergy and venom skin testing the preferred diagnostic test. Most
      allergists consider venom skin tests to be highly accurate and interpret a
      negative venom skin test result to indicate the absence of insect allergy.
      Furthermore, current practice guidelines do not adequately address the question
      of how best to manage the patient with a convincing history of insect allergy but
      negative skin test results. Recent case reports and published studies have forced
      us to reexamine this important management issue and to consider what role in
      vitro venom testing might have in the management of insect allergy. We reviewed
      the current status of what is known about the management of individuals with a
      history of insect allergy but negative venom skin test results and suggested
      modifications of current working guidelines.

PMID- 13679807
TI  - Childhood asthma, behavior problems, and family functioning.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Studies of families of asthmatic children indicate associations
      between psychological factors and asthma symptoms. OBJECTIVE: We investigated
      relations between psychosocial factors and the development of respiratory
      symptoms within a large prospective cohort study. METHODS: The children were
      prenatally assigned to high, medium, or low risk for asthma development on the
      basis of parental atopy and family history of allergic disease. When the children
      were 3 years of age, parents completed the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory
      (ECBI), Family Relationships Index (FRI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
      (HAD), and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). RESULTS: Data from 663
      participants were analyzed. ECBI intensity scores were significantly higher for
      children with parentally reported respiratory symptoms. Symptomatic low-risk
      children (both parents nonatopic, no family history of allergic disease) were
      particularly likely to have elevated behavior problem ratings. None of the other
      family psychosocial variables showed this pattern. Child behavior problems were,
      however, significantly positively correlated with the other family psychosocial
      variables. Logistic regression indicated that behavior problem scores were
      associated with 3 or more attacks of wheeze (P =.03, OR = 1.023), irrespective of
      risk group. CONCLUSIONS: Children at 3 years of age with symptoms suggestive of
      asthma are at elevated risk of behavior problems. Children from families without
      a history of asthma and allergic diseases may be particularly vulnerable to
      behavioral disturbance. Families may benefit from additional advice on management
      of their child's behavior, particularly if parents do not have the experience of
      having the illness themselves.

PMID- 13679808
TI  - Differential effects of aspirin and misoprostol on 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic
      acid generation by leukocytes from aspirin-sensitive asthmatic patients.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Although the mechanisms of aspirin-induced rhinosinusitis-asthma
      appear to be related to arachidonic acid abnormalities, only recently has a
      specific aspirin-triggered enhancement of 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15
      HETE) generation in nasal polyp epithelial cells from aspirin-sensitive patients
      been demonstrated. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess generation of
      15-HETE and other eicosanoids by peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) from aspirin
      sensitive and aspirin-tolerant asthmatic patients and modulation of 15-HETE
      generation by a prostaglandin (PG) E(1) analogue (misoprostol). METHODS: Twenty
      four aspirin-sensitive patients with asthma-rhinosinusitis and 18 aspirin
      tolerant asthmatic patients were studied, and eicosanoids released from PBLs were
      assessed by means of enzyme immunoassays. RESULTS: Unstimulated PBLs from aspirin
      sensitive and aspirin-tolerant patients generated similar amounts of PGE(2),
      leukotriene C(4), and 15-HETE, but lipoxin A(4) release was significantly less in
      aspirin-sensitive patients (300 +/- 70 pg/mL) in comparison with that seen in
      aspirin-tolerant patients (690 +/- 100 pg/mL, P <.05). Cell incubation with 2,
      20, or 200 micromol/L aspirin resulted in a dose-dependent increase in 15-HETE
      generation (mean change of +85%, +189%, and +284% at each aspirin concentration,
      respectively) only in aspirin-sensitive asthmatic patients. Naproxen stimulated
      15-HETE generation in aspirin-sensitive asthmatic patients, but indomethacin or
      specific COX-2 inhibitors (NS-398 and celecoxib) did not affect 15-HETE release.
      A synthetic PGE(1) analogue (misoprostol) inhibited aspirin-induced 15-HETE
      release but enhanced 15-HETE generation by aspirin in leukocytes from aspirin
      tolerant patients. After preincubation with misoprostol, aspirin induced a dose
      dependent production of lipoxin A(4) in both groups. CONCLUSION: PBLs from
      patients with aspirin-sensitive rhinosinusitis-asthma might be specifically
      triggered by aspirin to generate 15-HETE. Metabolism of 15-HETE is differentially
      regulated by misoprostol in aspirin-tolerant and aspirin-sensitive asthmatic
      patients.

PMID- 13679809
TI  - Elevated serum melatonin is associated with the nocturnal worsening of asthma.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Increased airway inflammation at night contributes to the nocturnal
      worsening of asthma. In vitro studies have shown exogenous melatonin to be pro
      inflammatory in asthma, but it is unknown whether endogenous melatonin levels are
      a controller of airway inflammation in nocturnal asthma. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was
      to determine 24-hour patterns of serum melatonin and their relationship to
      overnight decline in physiology in subjects with nocturnal asthma, non-nocturnal
      asthma, and in healthy controls. METHODS: Observational study of pulmonary
      physiology and melatonin levels in patients with nocturnal asthma (n = 7), non
      nocturnal asthma (n = 13), and healthy controls (n = 11). Subjects maintained a
      constant sleep-wake regimen for 7 days. On day 8, serum melatonin was measured
      every 2 hours by radioimmunoassay and analyzed by cosinor modeling. The
      correlation between serum melatonin levels and overnight change in spirometry was
      evaluated by Spearman's rank correlation analysis. RESULTS: In subjects with
      nocturnal asthma, peak melatonin levels were significantly elevated compared with
      healthy controls (67.6 +/- 5.0 pg/mL versus 53.5 +/- 4.0 pg/mL, P =.03).
      Melatonin acrophase was delayed in nocturnal asthma (02:54 versus 01:58 in
      healthy controls, P =.003, and 02:15 in non-nocturnal asthma, P =.01). In
      subjects with nocturnal asthma, increasing melatonin levels were significantly
      and inversely correlated with overnight change in FEV(1) (r = -.79, P =.04), a
      relationship that was not observed in non-nocturnal asthma or healthy controls.
      CONCLUSIONS: Nocturnal asthma is associated with elevation and phase delay of
      peak serum melatonin levels. Elevated melatonin levels might contribute to the
      pathogenesis of nocturnal asthma.

PMID- 13679810
TI  - Ciliary beat pattern is associated with specific ultrastructural defects in
      primary ciliary dyskinesia.
AB  - BACKGROUND: The main symptoms of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) are nasal
      rhinorrhea or blockage and moist-sounding cough. Diagnosis can be difficult and
      is based on an abnormal ciliary beat frequency, accompanied by specific
      abnormalities of the ciliary axoneme. It is unknown whether determining ciliary
      beat pattern related to specific ultrastructural ciliary defects might help in
      the diagnosis of PCD. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine ciliary beat pattern and
      beat frequency (CBF) associated with the 5 common ultrastructural defects
      responsible for PCD. METHODS: Nasal brushings were performed on 56 children with
      PCD. Ciliary movement was recorded using digital high-speed video imaging to
      assess beat frequency and pattern. Electron microscopy was performed. RESULTS: In
      patients with an isolated outer dynein arm or with an outer and inner dynein arm
      defect, 55% and 80% of cilia were immotile, respectively. Cilia that moved were
      only flickering. Mean CBF (+/- 95% CI) was 2.3 Hz (+/- 1.2) and 0.8 Hz(+/- 0.8),
      respectively. Cilia with an isolated inner dynein arm or a radial spoke defect
      had similar beat patterns. Cilia appeared stiff, had a reduced amplitude, and
      failed to bend along their length. Immotile cilia were present in 10% of cilia
      with an inner dynein arm defect and in 30% of radial spoke defects. Mean CBF was
      9.3 Hz (+/- 2.6) and 6.0 Hz (+/- 3.1), respectively. The ciliary transposition
      defect produced a large circular beat pattern (mean CBF, 10.7 Hz [+/- 1.1]). No
      cilia were immotile. CONCLUSIONS: Different ultrastructural defects responsible
      for PCD result in predictable beat patterns. Recognition of these might help in
      the diagnostic evaluation of patients suspected of having PCD.

PMID- 13679811
TI  - Elevated complement C3a in plasma from patients with severe acute asthma.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Complement component C3a, an anaphylatoxin, provokes acute
      inflammatory responses, including smooth muscle contraction, mucus
      hypersecretion, increase in vascular permeability, and recruitment of
      inflammatory cells. Thus C3a may be related to airway inflammation and
      bronchoconstriction in acute asthma exacerbation. OBJECTIVE: We sought to
      determine whether plasma C3a is elevated in patients presenting for emergency
      treatment of acute asthma exacerbations and to correlate C3a concentrations with
      response to therapy. METHODS: Plasma C3a and serum eosinophil cationic protein
      were measured in 52 patients with acute asthma with peak expiratory flow of < or
      =50% the predicted value. Control subjects were 42 patients with stable chronic
      asthma. Patients with severe acute asthma were classified into 2 groups (admitted
      and discharged), according to how effective inhaled bronchodilators and systemic
      corticosteroids were in the first 2 hours of treatment. RESULTS: Concentrations
      of C3a in plasma from subjects in the admitted group (median, 256 ng/mL; range,
      94 to 454) were significantly higher than those in the discharged group (197
      ng/mL; 72 to 300) or those in patients with stable chronic asthma (166 ng/mL; 89
      to 254; P <.0001). Elevated plasma C3a concentrations in admitted asthmatic
      patients decreased significantly by 7 days after admission (P =.0005). No
      significant difference was evident in serum eosinophil cationic protein
      concentration between the admitted group (33.1 microg/L; 6.3 to 143) and the
      discharged group (32.7 microg/L; 14.6 to 160; P =.99). CONCLUSIONS:
      Concentrations of C3a, which can induce airway inflammation and
      bronchoconstriction, were associated with differences in response to emergency
      treatment of severe asthma exacerbation.

PMID- 13679812
TI  - Nitric oxide production by alveolar macrophages in response to house dust mite
      fecal pellets and the mite allergens, Der p 1 and Der p 2.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Allergens are frequently found within or attached to particulate
      material. For example, house dust mite fecal pellets (HDMFP) contain the major
      mite allergens, exposure to which have been implicated in the development of
      asthma. Although several studies have examined the ability of purified allergens
      to generate inflammatory responses, few studies have investigated whether HDMFP
      per se, are biologically active. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to examine the
      ability of whole HDMFP to stimulate nitric oxide (NO) release from alveolar
      macrophages. METHODS: The rat alveolar macrophage cell line, NR8383, was exposed
      to HDMFP, Der p 1, or Der p 2, and nitrite levels in the culture supernatants
      were measured with the Griess reagent. NO synthase mRNA expression was determined
      by RT-PCR. RESULTS: HDMFP stimulated the production of NO in a dose-dependent and
      time-dependent manner, with maximum NO levels measured after 48 hours of
      exposure. Inclusion of polymyxin B did not influence NO production, suggesting
      that LPS was not responsible for NO production. HDMFP-mediated NO release was
      down-modulated after treatment with N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME),
      dexamethasone, EDTA, and cysteine, but not heat treatment. Inducible nitric oxide
      synthase mRNA was observed 3 hours after HDMFP exposure, with maximum levels
      after 48 hours. Both purified Der p 1 and Der p 2 induced NO production, and
      inhibition of the cysteine protease activity of Der p 1 had little effect on NO
      production. CONCLUSIONS: HDMFP, Der p 1 and Der p 2 are potent inducers of NO.
      Neither LPS nor the enzymatic activity of Der p 1 was responsible for NO
      production observed.

PMID- 13679813
TI  - Human gamma/delta T-cell proliferation and IFN-gamma production induced by
      hexamethylene diisocyanate.
AB  - BACKGROUND: The human immune response to isocyanate, a leading cause of
      occupational asthma, remains incompletely characterized, including the cell types
      involved and the form of the chemical that acts as an antigen. OBJECTIVE: The
      purpose of this investigation was to characterize human T cells that respond to
      hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), an aliphatic isocyanate routinely used in the
      automobile body industry. METHODS: Human T-cell lines were generated and
      characterized from peripheral blood of HDI-exposed and HDI-unexposed subjects,
      using two different HDI antigens, HDI-conjugated albumin and HDI-exposed human
      airway epithelial cells (NCI-H292). Flow cytometry was used to characterize the
      phenotype of HDI-responsive T cells. ELISA and intracellular staining techniques
      were used to evaluate HDI-induced cytokine production. DNA sequence analysis of T
      cell receptors was used to further define clonal populations of HDI-responsive T
      cells. RESULTS: HDI antigen preparations but not "mock exposed" control antigens
      lead to increased proliferation of specific cell types, CD3+CD4-CD8(dim) and/or
      CD3+CD4-CD8- cells, from HDI-exposed but not from HDI-unexposed subjects. These
      HDI-responsive T cells expressed unique oligoclonal gamma/delta rather than
      alpha/beta T-cell receptors, with characteristics suggestive of antigen-mediated
      selection and specificity. The HDI-stimulated gamma/delta T cells were associated
      with T(H)1-like cytokines and produce IFN-gamma but not IL-5 or IL-13.
      CONCLUSIONS: These data are the first to demonstrate that HDI can selectively
      stimulate gamma/delta T cells with the potential to modulate the human immune
      response to exposure.

PMID- 13679814
TI  - The effects of CD8+gammadelta T cells on late allergic airway responses and
      airway inflammation in rats.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Gamma-delta (gammadelta) T cells regulate immune responses to foreign
      protein at mucosal surfaces. Whether they can modify allergen-induced early (EAR)
      and late airway responses (LAR) is unknown. OBJECTIVE: We have tested the
      hypothesis that the CD8+ subtype of gammadelta T cells decreases allergen-induced
      LAR and airway eosinophilia in the rat. METHODS: Brown Norway rats were
      administered, intraperitoneally, 3.5 x 10(4) lymph node CD8+gammadelta T cells
      from naive or sensitized rats. The recipients were sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA)
      in Al(OH)(3) 3 days after cell transfer and challenged with aerosolized OVA 14
      days later. Serum IgE was measured before allergen challenge. After challenge,
      lung resistance was monitored for 8 hours and then bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL)
      was analyzed for eosinophil major basic protein (MBP), IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IFN
      gamma messenger RNA-expressing cells. RESULTS: gammadelta T cells from naive
      donors significantly decreased LAR in OVA-challenged sensitized rats, whereas
      MBP(+) eosinophils were decreased by both gammadelta T cells from naive and
      sensitized donors. EAR and serum IgE levels were unchanged. The expression of IL
      4, IL-5, and IL-13 by BAL cells of gammadelta T cell recipients was attenuated
      compared with OVA-challenged controls. This was accompanied by an increase in the
      expression of IFN-gamma. CONCLUSIONS: Our results are consistent with a
      suppressive role of CD8+gammadelta T cells on allergic airway responses. However,
      only gammadelta T cells from naive donors inhibit LAR.

PMID- 13679815
TI  - Chemokine receptor expression on human eosinophils from peripheral blood and
      bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after segmental antigen challenge.
AB  - BACKGROUND: The recruitment of circulating eosinophils to the lung is a
      characteristic feature of allergic airway inflammation. Chemokine receptors
      likely play a role in this complex process. However, reports of chemokine
      receptor expression on human eosinophils are conflicting. OBJECTIVE: The aim of
      this study was to determine whether the chemokine receptor profile of human
      eosinophils change when these cells are recruited to the airway after an antigen
      challenge and development of an allergic inflammatory response. METHODS: Blood
      and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells were obtained from 13 allergic subjects 48
      hours after segmental bronchoprovocation with antigen. The CC chemokine receptor
      (CCR) 1 to 7, 9, and CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR) 1 to 4 were determined by flow
      cytometric analysis of whole blood and unseparated BAL cells. RESULTS: Compared
      with their circulating counterparts, airway eosinophils had decreased CCR3 and
      increased CCR4, CCR9, and CXCR3 expression on their cell surface. Furthermore,
      expression of CCR3, CCR4, and CXCR3 was significantly correlated with the
      percentage of eosinophils in BAL fluid at 48 hours. Eosinophils also expressed
      CXCR4, but this receptor did not change after antigen-induced recruitment to the
      airway. In contrast, the expression of CCR1, CCR2, CCR5, CCR6, CCR7, CXCR1, and
      CXCR2 remained undetectable on either blood or BAL eosinophils. CONCLUSIONS: Our
      data suggest that recruitment of eosinophils to the airway is associated with a
      modulation of their chemokine receptor profiles. These changes in chemokine
      receptors could be involved in determining eosinophil function and antigen
      induced airway inflammation.

PMID- 13679816
TI  - Allergic asthma and an anti-CD23 mAb (IDEC-152): results of a phase I, single
      dose, dose-escalating clinical trial.
AB  - BACKGROUND: CD23, a cell-surface molecule, is involved in a variety of pathways
      likely to influence IgE production and inflammation in allergic disorders, such
      as allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the
      safety, clinical activity, and pharmacokinetic profile of IDEC-152, an IgG1 anti
      CD23 antibody, in patients with mild-to-moderate persistent allergic asthma.
      METHODS: This single-dose, dose-escalating, placebo-controlled study involved 30
      patients. Cohorts of 3 to 6 patients received single intravenous infusions of
      either placebo or IDEC-152 (0.05, 0.25, 1.0, 4.0, 10.0, or 15.0 mg/kg) on study
      day 1. Safety, clinical activity, and pharmacokinetics were assessed for 12 weeks
      after treatment. RESULTS: IDEC-152 was well tolerated. Adverse events (AEs) were
      mild, no grade 4 or serious AEs were reported, and no relationships were apparent
      between the dose of IDEC-152 and the frequency, severity, or type of event. The
      most common AEs in the IDEC-152 group included ecchymosis at the injection site,
      sinusitis, headache, arthralgia, cold syndrome, infection, throat irritation, and
      dysmenorrhea. Commonly reported AEs in the placebo group included headache,
      abdominal pain, and infection. Sustained and dose-dependent decreases in mean IgE
      concentrations were noted. The mean maximum concentration and area under the
      curve of IDEC-152 were proportional to the dose administered for the dose range
      4.0 to 15.0 mg/kg. The serum half-life of the IDEC-152 antibody increased from 2
      to 10 days with increasing doses. After single-dose administration of IDEC-152,
      no dose-dependent change in FEV(1) was observed, and most changes in peak
      expiratory flow rate were within 10% of baseline values. CONCLUSION: These data
      suggest that IDEC-152 is safe and has the potential for clinical activity in
      allergic asthma.

PMID- 13679817
TI  - Bacterial DNA in house and farm barn dust.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Early in life, natural exposure to microbial components (eg,
      endotoxin) may mitigate allergy and asthma development in childhood. Bacterial
      DNA is a potent stimulus for the innate immune system; its immune stimulatory
      potential in dust is unknown. OBJECTIVES: We sought to quantify bacterial DNA and
      endotoxin content in dust from urban homes, rural homes, farm homes, and farm
      barns and to determine if dust DNA is immune-stimulatory. METHODS: Total DNA,
      bacterial DNA, and endotoxin were measured in 32 dust samples. To measure
      bacterial DNA content, a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay specific
      for bacterial ribosomal DNA was developed. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
      from 5 adults were stimulated with endotoxin-free dust DNA with/without
      lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from selected dust samples. IL-12p40, IL-10, and tumor
      necrosis factor-alpha were measured in cell supernatants by enzyme-linked
      immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Bacterial DNA in dust correlated with endotoxin (r
      = 0.56, P <.001) and total DNA content (r = 0.51, P =.003). The highest bacterial
      DNA levels were measured in farm barns (mean, 22.1 microg/g dust; range, 1.3 to
      56.2), followed by rural homes (6.3 microg/g; 0.2 to 20), farm homes (2.2
      microg/g; 0.1 to 9.1), and urban homes (0.6 microg/g; 0.1 to 1.2). Farm barn DNA
      significantly potentiated (P < or =.05) LPS-induced IL-10 and IL-12 p40 but not
      tumor necrosis factor-alpha release (13-fold, 3-fold, and 1.5-fold increases,
      respectively). DNA from 6 urban homes did not demonstrate this LPS-potentiating
      effect. CONCLUSIONS: Endotoxin is a marker for bacterial DNA, which is also
      higher in locales of lower asthma and allergy prevalence. DNA from farm barn dust
      augments the immune modulatory effects of endotoxin and may combine with exposure
      to other such naturally occurring microbial components to mitigate allergy and
      asthma development.

PMID- 13679818
TI  - TH1-promoting DNA immunization against allergens modulates the ratio of
      IgG1/IgG2a but does not affect the anaphylactic potential of IgG1 antibodies: no
      evidence for the synthesis of nonanaphylactic IgG1.
AB  - BACKGROUND: In mouse, IgG1 has been reported to make up 2 functionally distinct
      phenotypes that also differ in their induction requirements. One of these
      phenotypes lacks anaphylactic activity. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that
      nonanaphylactic IgG1 could modulate allergic reactions and investigated whether
      such antibodies are induced by DNA immunization. METHODS: Mice were immunized
      with allergen-encoding plasmid DNA or with recombinant allergens and alum. Sera
      were analyzed for IgG subclasses by ELISA for anaphylactic IgE by rat basophil
      degranulation, and after heat inactivation of IgE for anaphylactic IgG by passive
      cutaneous anaphylaxis assay. IFN-gamma and IL-5 from in-vitro restimulated spleen
      cells were quantitated by ELISA. RESULTS: After protein immunization, mice
      produced IgG1 and IgE, whereas DNA immunization elicited IgG1 and IgG2a but no
      IgE. However, all sera were positive for non-IgE-mediated passive cutaneous
      anaphylaxis. In the presence of anaphylactic IgG1, the additional occurrence of
      nonanaphylactic IgG1 cannot be strictly ruled out. To circumvent this problem, we
      immunized IL-4 receptor-deficient mice against Bet v 1a, because anaphylactic but
      not nonanaphylactic IgG1 has been reported to depend on IL-4. These animals
      produced only low amounts of IgG1, but sera were again positive for non-IgE
      mediated anaphylactic activity. CONCLUSIONS: Our results revealed no evidence for
      the production of nonanaphylactic IgG1. Furthermore, our data indicate that the
      development of non-IgE-mediated anaphylaxis does not require IL-4 receptor
      signaling.

PMID- 13679819
TI  - Dual effects of vitamin D-induced alteration of TH1/TH2 cytokine expression:
      enhancing IgE production and decreasing airway eosinophilia in murine allergic
      airway disease.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Vitamin D, a common food additive, has been shown to prevent the
      induction of experimental autoimmune diseases in mice. A possible immune
      deviation from T(H)1 to T(H)2 responses has been postulated. Although there is no
      doubt about the beneficial effects of vitamin D, its role in allergy has not been
      investigated. OBJECTIVE: To define the role of vitamin D in modulating the
      development of a T(H)2-mediated disease, we used a murine model of pulmonary
      eosinophilic inflammation. METHODS: Five-week-old mice were primed on day 0 with
      ovalbumin intraperitoneally. Then they were nasally challenged with ovalbumin on
      days 7, 8, 9, and 10, and on day 11, samples were studied. Some mice received
      subcutaneous injections of vitamin D every second day as follows: days -3, -1, 1,
      3, 5, 7, and 9. The control groups received PBS on the same days. RESULTS: Early
      treatment with vitamin D augmented allergen-induced T-cell proliferation along
      with T(H)2 cytokine (IL-4 and IL-13) and IgE production. Surprisingly, the local
      inflammatory response in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung tissue was
      significantly ameliorated with impaired recruitment of eosinophils and inferior
      levels of IL-5. These findings were attributed to late treatment with vitamin D
      after establishment of an early immune response. CONCLUSION: We suggest that
      excess supplementation of vitamin D could influence the development of a
      sustained T(H)2 response, leading to an increasing prevalence of allergy, whereas
      vitamin D might hold promising beneficial effects in airway eosinophilia.

PMID- 13679820
TI  - Association between novel GM-CSF gene polymorphisms and the frequency and
      severity of atopic dermatitis.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Genetic factors are known to be important in determining an
      individual's predisposition to atopic dermatitis. The specific genes that are
      clinically important in this process are still largely unknown. OBJECTIVE:
      Because dendritic cells initiate immune responses and thus are critical to the
      priming of an individual to potential allergens, we hypothesized that genetic
      factors controlling the activity of these cells determine an individual's
      propensity to atopic dermatitis. METHODS: We studied known functional
      polymorphisms of the IL-1beta and TNF-alpha genes and describe novel
      polymorphisms of the GM-CSF gene in 113 children with atopic dermatitis and 114
      controls. All 3 factors are known to be important modulators of the function of
      skin Langerhans' (dendritic) cells. RESULTS: The inheritance of a homozygous GM
      CSF -677*C/C genotype was associated with complete absence of severe atopic
      dermatitis within this cohort of children (P <.001). Furthermore, the odds ratio
      of having atopic dermatitis in children who were not of this genotype was 7.5
      (2.2-25). CONCLUSION: The GM-CSF genotype is an important genetic marker
      predicting an individual's predisposition to atopic dermatitis.

PMID- 13679821
TI  - Identification of IgE-binding epitopes of the major peach allergen Pru p 3.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) are clinically relevant plant food
      panallergens and have been proposed as ideal tools to study true food allergy.
      Pru p 3, the major peach allergen in the Mediterranean area, is among the best
      characterized allergenic members of the LTP family. Its diagnostic value for
      Rosaceae fruit allergy has been demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro.
      OBJECTIVE: We sought to locate major IgE-binding epitopes of Pru p 3. METHODS: A
      serum pool and individual sera from patients with peach allergy and positive skin
      prick test results to Pru p 3 were used. Three-dimensional modeling was achieved
      by using experimentally available structures of Pru p 3 homologues as templates.
      Theoretical prediction of potential IgE-binding regions was performed by
      selecting specific residues on the molecular surface displaying prominent
      electrostatic potential features. Point mutants of Pru p 3 were constructed by
      standard polymerase chain reaction procedures with the appropriate primers.
      Mutants were expressed in P pastoris by means of the pPIC 9 vector and purified
      from the corresponding supernatants by gel-filtration chromatography followed by
      RP-HPLC. IgE binding by Pru p 3 mutants was tested by immunodetection and
      quantified by ELISA and ELISA inhibition assays. Synthetic peptides (10 mer; 5
      amino acids overlapping) covering the full Pru p 3 sequence were used to detect
      IgE epitopes by (125)I-anti-IgE immunodetection. RESULTS: Pru p 3 showed a 3
      dimensional structure comprising 4 alpha-helixes and a nonstructured C-terminal
      coil (residues 73 to 91). Regions around amino acids in positions 23 to 36, 39 to
      44, and 80 to 91, particularly residues R39, T40, and R44, K80 and K91, were
      predicted as potential antibody recognition sites according to their relevant
      surface and electrostatic properties. Point mutants K80A and K91A were found to
      have an IgE-binding capacity similar to that of recombinant Pru p 3, but the
      triple mutant R39A/T40A/R44A showed a substantial decrease (approximately 5
      times) of IgE binding. IgE immunodetection of synthetic peptides led to the
      identification of Pru p 3 sequence regions 11 to 25, 31 to 45, and 71 to 80 as
      major IgE epitopes. CONCLUSIONS: Main IgE-binding regions of the Pru p 3 amino
      acid sequence were identified. The three major ones comprised the end of an alpha
      helix and some residues of the following interhelix loop. These data can help to
      search for Pru p 3 hypoallergenic forms.

PMID- 13679822
TI  - T-cell responses and hypersensitivity to influenza and egg antigens among adults
      with asthma immunized with the influenza vaccine.
AB  - BACKGROUND: The American Lung Association Asthma Clinical Research Centers (ALA
      ACRC) reported that the inactivated influenza vaccine is safe for patients with
      asthma and recommended its use to reduce the morbidity associated with infection.
      OBJECTIVE: Because the ALA-ACRC's recommendation would include vaccination of all
      patients with asthma, including those with severe asthma and first-time
      vaccinees, we conducted a parallel study to address whether patients with asthma
      who report bronchospasm after vaccination might be demonstrating a
      hypersensitivity response to the vaccine. METHODS: Thirty-two adult patients with
      asthma from the ALA-ACRC cohort were recruited. Subjects were randomly assigned
      to receive influenza vaccine or placebo and then recorded asthma symptoms and
      peak expiratory flow rates for 14 days. On day 14, influenza vaccine and egg
      antigen-induced mononuclear cell proliferation and IFN-gamma, IL-5, and IL-4
      production were measured and compared with symptoms. RESULTS: Increased influenza
      but not egg antigen-induced mononuclear cell proliferation was present among
      vaccinated subjects. These responses were unrelated to asthma exacerbations after
      vaccine. There were no differences in cytokine production in response to either
      influenza or egg antigen in association with asthma exacerbations. CONCLUSIONS:
      Episodes of bronchospasm after influenza vaccination do not seem related to
      hypersensitivity to the vaccine.

PMID- 13679823
TI  - IFN-gamma-producing effector CD8+ T cells and IL-10-producing regulatory CD4+ T
      cells in fixed drug eruption.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Although effector and regulatory T cells play roles in the
      progression and resolution of inflammatory diseases, respectively, little in vivo
      data exist regarding the T-cell dynamics in the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin
      diseases in humans. OBJECTIVE: Our aim is to phenotypically and functionally
      characterize the T cells responsible for initiation and regulation of
      inflammatory events in fixed drug eruption (FDE) as a disease model to study the
      role of cytokines produced within the epidermis in the pathogenesis of
      inflammatory skin disease. METHODS: By use of flow cytometry, we phenotypically
      and functionally characterized the intraepidermal T cells that persist as a
      stable population in resting (pigmented) FDE lesions and that are present in
      active FDE lesions. RESULTS: In resting FDE lesions, most of the intraepidermal T
      cells were of the CD8 phenotype, most of which expressed cutaneous lymphocyte
      associated antigen, alpha4beta1, CD11a, alphaEbeta7, and CD45RA but not CD27,
      CD62L, CCR4, or CCR7. This population selectively expressed CD122 but not CD25.
      Intracellular staining demonstrated that most intraepidermal CD8+ T cells were
      capable of producing IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha but produced little IL-2 and IL-4.
      On the other hand, in the FDE lesions that arose after challenge, a significant
      number of CD4+ T cells capable of producing IL-10 migrated into the lesional
      epidermis. Moreover, nearly 70% of the CD4+ T cells migrating into the lesional
      epidermis expressed CD25. CONCLUSIONS: Effector IFN-gamma-producing CD8+ T cells
      and regulatory IL-10-producing CD4+ T cells might be responsible for the
      progression and resolution of FDE, respectively.

PMID- 13679824
TI  - Antacid medication inhibits digestion of dietary proteins and causes food
      allergy: a fish allergy model in BALB/c mice.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Digestible proteins were supposed to be irrelevant for oral
      sensitization and induction of food allergy. Approximately 10% of the adult
      population uses antacids for the treatment of dyspeptic disorders, drugs that
      hinder peptic digestion. In these patients, proteins that are normally degradable
      might act as food allergens. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to study the influence of
      antacid intake on the allergenicity of dietary proteins, taking sturgeon caviar
      and parvalbumin, the major fish allergen, as examples. METHODS: Caviar proteins
      and recombinant parvalbumin from carp, rCyp c 1, were applied for intragastric
      feedings with or without the antacids sucralfate, ranitidine or omeprazole, using
      a Balb/c mouse model. RESULTS: Both caviar proteins and parvalbumin were rapidly
      degraded in an in vitro digestion assay at pH 2.0, but not at pH 5.0, imitating
      the effect of antacids. The groups fed with caviar in combination with ranitidine
      hydrochloride intramuscularly or sucralfate orally had significant levels of
      caviar-specific IgE antibodies (P <.01), T-cell reactivity, and elevated counts
      of gastrointestinal eosinophils and mast cells. Food allergy in these groups was
      further evidenced by oral provocation tests and positive immediate-type skin
      reactivity. In contrast, feedings with caviar alone led to antigen-specific T
      cell tolerance. None of the groups showed immune reactivity against the daily
      mouse diet. As a proof of the principle, feeding mice with parvalbumin in
      combination with ranitidine or omeprazole intramuscularly induced allergen
      specific IgE antibodies (P <.05). CONCLUSIONS: When antacid medication impairs
      the gastric digestion, IgE synthesis toward novel dietary proteins is promoted,
      leading to food allergy.

PMID- 13679825
TI  - Clothing--potentially a significant source of endotoxin exposure.

PMID- 13679826
TI  - Influence of age on the outcome of the atopy patch test with food in children
      with atopic dermatitis.

PMID- 13679827
TI  - Springtime confusion: are consumers getting the right information on how to treat
      seasonal allergies?

PMID- 13679828
TI  - Nonirritating intradermal skin test concentrations for commonly prescribed
      antibiotics.

PMID- 13679829
TI  - Subcutaneous immunoglobulin infusion as an alternative to intravenous
      immunoglobulin.

PMID- 13679830
TI  - US physician adherence to standards in asthma pharmacotherapy varies by patient
      and physician characteristics.

PMID- 13679831
TI  - Effects of steroids on inflammation and cytokine gene expression in airway
      inflammation.

PMID- 13679835
TI  - The gift of fear: understanding your mind's highest function.

PMID- 13679837
TI  - What's the rhythm?

PMID- 13679839
TI  - Innovations in EMS education. A look at EMS educational programs & teaching
      concepts that work for the adult learner.

PMID- 13679840
TI  - Training for acts of terrorism. The University of Miami introduces a new
      curriculum for EMS personnel emphasizing practical skills & simulation training.

PMID- 13679841
TI  - Videoconferencing technology capabilities. Distance education support for
      geographically isolated EMS providers.

PMID- 13679842
TI  - Best practices in injury prevention: the Nicholas Rosecrans Award.

PMID- 13679843
TI  - Introducing the pelvic sling. Pelvic fracture stabilization made simple.

PMID- 13679844
TI  - Sleeping too soundly: the effects of sedative/hypnotic drug overdoses.

PMID- 13679846
TI  - Helping the helpless: assistive technologies for the elderly & disabled.

PMID- 13679849
TI  - The little program that could.

PMID- 13679850
TI  - Induction of a caffeine-sensitive S-phase cell cycle checkpoint by psoralen plus
      ultraviolet A radiation.
AB  - Induction of interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) in chromosomal DNA is considered a
      major reason for the antiproliferative effect of psoralen plus ultraviolet A
      (PUVA). It is unclear as to whether PUVA-induced cell cycle arrest is caused by
      ICLs mechanically stalling replication forks or by triggering cell cycle
      checkpoints. Cell cycle checkpoints serve to maintain genomic stability by
      halting cell cycle progression to prevent replication of damaged DNA templates or
      segregation of broken chromosomes. Here, we show that HaCaT keratinocytes treated
      with PUVA arrest with S-phase DNA content. Cells that had completed DNA
      replication were not perturbed by PUVA and passed through mitosis. Cells treated
      with PUVA during G1-phase continued traversing G1 until arresting in early S
      phase. PUVA induced rapid phosphorylation of the Chk1 checkpoint kinase at Ser345
      and a concomitant decrease in Cdc25A levels. Chk1 phosphorylation, decrease of
      Cdc25 A levels and S-phase arrest were abolished by caffeine, demonstrating that
      active checkpoint signaling rather than passive mechanical blockage by ICLs
      causes the PUVA-induced replication arrest. Overexpression of Cdc25A only
      partially overrode the S-phase arrest, suggesting that additional signaling
      events implement PUVA-induced S-phase arrest.

PMID- 13679851
TI  - Comparative studies of a new subfamily of human Ste20-like kinases:
      homodimerization, subcellular localization, and selective activation of MKK3 and
      p38.
AB  - The Sterile-20 or Ste20 family of serine/threonine kinases is a group of
      signaling molecules whose physiological roles within mammalian cells are just
      starting to be elucidated. Here, in this report we present the characterization
      of three human Ste20-like kinases with greater than 90% similarity within their
      catalytic domains that define a novel subfamily of Ste20s. Members of this kinase
      family include rat thousand and one (TAO1) and chicken KFC (kinase from chicken).
      For the lack of a consensus nomenclature in the literature, in this report, we
      shall call this family hKFC (for their homology to chicken KFC) and the three
      members hKFC-A, hKFC-B, and hKFC-C, respectively. These kinases have many
      similarities including an aminoterminal kinase domain, a serine-rich region, and
      a coiled-coil configuration within the C-terminus. All three kinases are able to
      activate the p38 MAP kinase pathway through the specific activation of the
      upstream MKK3 kinase. We also offer evidence, both theoretical and biochemical,
      showing that these kinases can undergo self-association. Despite these
      similarities, these kinases differ in tissue distribution, apparent subcellular
      localization, and feature structural differences largely within the carboxyl
      terminal sequence.

PMID- 13679852
TI  - Mitogen-responsive expression of RhoB is regulated by RNA stability.
AB  - The small GTPase-encoding gene RhoB is strongly induced as part of the immediate
      early response of serum-stimulated fibroblasts. In this report, we have
      characterized the mechanism for growth factor responsiveness of RhoB in Rat-2
      fibroblasts. By Northern blotting and ribonuclease protection, we observed low or
      barely detectable levels of RhoB mRNA in quiescent cells, but expression was
      transiently induced in response to serum stimulation, such that the mRNA peaked
      within 30 min and then declined over the next hour. Analysis of the rat promoter
      revealed cis-elements conserved with the mouse and human genes, including a pair
      of CEBP sites near the transcriptional start site. However, in contrast to the
      analysis of RNA, RhoB promoter fusions were constitutively expressed in quiescent
      cells in transient transfections, and were unaffected by serum. Similarly, stable
      RhoB promoter integrants were highly expressed in quiescent cells, and growth
      factor caused a slight decrease in activity. This indicates that growth factor
      inducible RhoB expression cannot be mediated by transcriptional activation. We
      then examined decay of the RhoB mRNA and found that serum caused significant
      stabilization. Additionally, fusion of the 3' RhoB untranslated region (UTR) to a
      constitutively expressed reporter gene caused serum and growth factor as well as
      DNA damage-inducible expression. These observations are consistent with the view
      that RhoB mRNA is produced constitutively but its abundance is controlled in
      response to growth factors, and other signals including DNA damage, by
      stabilization through elements within the 3' UTR.

PMID- 13679853
TI  - Low molecular weight inhibitors of Myc-Max interaction and function.
AB  - c-Myc is helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper (HLH-ZIP) oncoprotein that is frequently
      deregulated in human cancers. In order to bind DNA, regulate target gene
      expression, and function in a biological context, c-Myc must dimerize with
      another HLH-ZIP protein, Max. A large number of c-Myc target genes have been
      identified, and many of the encoded proteins are transforming. Such functional
      redundancy, however, complicates therapeutic strategies aimed at inhibiting any
      single target gene product. Given this consideration, we have instead attempted
      to identify ways by which c-Myc itself could be effectively disabled. We have
      used a yeast two-hybrid approach to identify low-molecular-weight compounds that
      inhibit c-Myc-Max association. All of the compounds prevented transactivation by
      c-Myc-Max heterodimers, inhibited cell cycle progression, and prevented the in
      vitro growth of fibroblasts in a c-Myc-dependent manner. Several of the compounds
      also inhibited tumor growth in vivo. These results show that the yeast two-hybrid
      screen is useful for identifying compounds that can be exploited in mammalian
      cells. More specifically, they provide a means by which structural analogs, based
      upon these first-generation Myc-Max inhibitors, can be developed to enhance
      antitumor efficacy.

PMID- 13679854
TI  - Association of a lung tumor suppressor TSLC1 with MPP3, a human homologue of
      Drosophila tumor suppressor Dlg.
AB  - We have previously identified the tumor suppressor in lung cancer 1 (TSLC1) gene
      as a novel tumor suppressor in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by
      functional complementation. TSLC1 encodes a membrane glycoprotein belonging to an
      immunoglobulin superfamily and participates in cell adhesion. A truncating
      mutation of the TSLC1 corresponding to its cytoplasmic domain in a primary NSCLC
      tumor suggests that this domain is important for tumor suppressor activity. Here,
      we report that TSLC1 directly associates with MPP3, one of the human homologues
      of a Drosophila tumor suppressor gene, Discs large (Dlg). This interaction was
      dependent on the presence of a PDZ-binding motif at the carboxyl terminus of
      TSLC1. Furthermore, TSLC1 and MPP3 were colocalized at the cell-cell attachment
      sites in both a low and a high cell density. The MPP3 gene was expressed in
      normal lung as well as in many tissues examined except for peripheral blood
      lymphocytes but lost its expression in one of the nine NSCLC cell lines. These
      results suggest that TSLC1 and MPP3 are involved in the same cascade of cell-cell
      interaction, and that the disruption of this cascade might lead cells to
      malignant growth and tumor formation in lung cancer.

PMID- 13679855
TI  - Development of CD30+ lymphoproliferative disease in mice lacking interferon
      regulatory factor-1.
AB  - Human lymphomas continue to represent a major challenge in oncology, and in
      particular occur at very high frequencies in AIDS patients. We report here the
      development of a CD30+ lymphoproliferative disease in mice lacking the
      proapoptotic transcription factor, interferon regulatory factor-1. These mice
      most closely represent a model of human anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL).
      This mouse model of lymphoma will likely be useful in understanding the
      development of ALCL and in understanding the development of other closely related
      CD30+ forms of lymphoma, such as CD30+ Hodgkin's disease and CD30+ cutaneous T
      cell lymphoma. This mouse model will also be useful in testing therapies for
      different forms of CD30+ lymphoma, in particular anti-CD30-based therapies.

PMID- 13679856
TI  - ARK5 suppresses the cell death induced by nutrient starvation and death receptors
      via inhibition of caspase 8 activation, but not by chemotherapeutic agents or UV
      irradiation.
AB  - AMPK is a serine/threonine protein kinase family and we recently identified a
      novel member, ARK5. The activation of ARK5 is triggered by Akt, and ARK5 induces
      tumor cell survival during nutrient starvation. In the current study, we
      investigated the mechanisms of induction of cell survival by ARK5. Human hepatoma
      HepG2 cells undergo necrotic cell death within 24 h after the start of glucose
      starvation, and the cell death signaling has been found to be mediated by death
      receptor-independent activation of caspase 8. When HepG2 cells were transfected
      with ARK5 expression vector and subjected to several cell death stimuli, ARK5 was
      found to suppress cell death by glucose starvation, TRAIL, and TNF-alpha, but not
      by ultraviolet irradiation, camptothecin, or doxorubicin. Western blotting
      analysis revealed that both TRAIL and glucose starvation induced Bid cleavage and
      FLIP degradation following caspase 8 activation in a time-dependent manner, and
      ARK5 overexpression clearly delayed Bid cleavage, FLIP degradation, and caspase 8
      activation. On the basis of the results of this study, we report that cell
      survival induced by ARK5 is, at least in part, due to inhibition of caspase 8
      activation.

PMID- 13679857
TI  - Mitogenic effects of gastrin-releasing peptide in head and neck squamous cancer
      cells are mediated by activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor.
AB  - Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are characterized by upregulation
      of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), where EGFR serves as a potential
      therapeutic target. We previously reported that a gastrin-releasing
      peptide/gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRP/GRPR) autocrine growth pathway is
      activated early in HNSCC carcinogenesis. In the present study, we examined the
      mechanism of EGFR activation by GRP/GRPR in HNSCC proliferation. In HNSCC cells
      that express elevated levels of both GRPR and EGFR, we found that GRP induced
      rapid phosphorylation of EGFR as well as p44/42-MAPK activation. Using several
      EGFR-specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors and cells derived from EGFR knockout
      mice, we demonstrated that GRP-induced p44/42-MAPK activation was dependent upon
      EGFR activation. Further investigation demonstrated that cleavage of transforming
      growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) by matrix metalloproteinases mediated GRP-induced
      MAPK activation. In addition, HNSCC proliferation stimulated by GRP was
      eliminated upon specific inhibition of EGFR or MEK, and GRP failed to stimulate
      proliferation in EGFR-deficient cells. These results imply that the mitogenic
      effects of GRP in HNSCC are mediated by extracellular release of TGF-alpha and
      require the activation of an EGFR-dependent MEK/MAPK-dependent pathway.

PMID- 13679858
TI  - Loss of expression of tropomyosin-1, a novel class II tumor suppressor that
      induces anoikis, in primary breast tumors.
AB  - Suppression of tropomyosins (TMs), a family of actin-binding, microfilament
      associated proteins, is a prominent feature of many transformed cells. Yet it is
      unclear whether downregulation of TMs occur in human tumors. We have investigated
      the expression of tropomyosin-1 (TM1) in human breast carcinoma tissues by in
      situ hybridization and immunofluorescence. TM1 mRNA and protein are readily
      detectable in normal mammary tissue. In contrast, TM1 expression is abolished in
      the primary human breast tumors. Expression of other TM isoforms, however, is
      variable among the tumors. The consistent and profound downregulation of TM1
      suggests that TM1 may be a novel and useful biomarker of mammary neoplasms. These
      data also support the hypothesis that suppression of TM1 expression during the
      malignant conversion of mammary epithelium as a contributing factor of breast
      cancer. In support of this hypothesis, we show that the ability to suppress
      malignant growth properties of breast cancer cells is specific to TM1 isoform.
      Investigations into the mechanisms of TM1-induced tumor suppression reveal that
      TM1 induces anoikis (detachment induced apoptosis) in breast cancer cells.
      Downregulation of TM1 in breast tumors may destabilize microfilament architecture
      and confer resistance to anoikis, which facilitates survival of neoplastic cells
      outside the normal microenvironment and promote malignant growth.

PMID- 13679859
TI  - Histone deacetylase 1 represses the small GTPase RhoB expression in human
      nonsmall lung carcinoma cell line.
AB  - The dynamic balance between histone acetylation and deacetylation plays a
      significant role in the regulation of gene transcription. Much of our current
      understanding of this transcriptional control comes from the use of HDAC
      inhibitors such as trapoxin A (TPX), which leads to hyperacetylated histone,
      alters local chromatin architecture and transcription and results in tumor cell
      death. In this study, we treated tumor cells with TPX and HDAC1 antisense
      oligonucleotides, and analysed the transcriptional consequences of HDAC
      inhibition. Among other genes, the small GTPase RhoB was found to be
      significantly upregulated by TPX and repressed by HDAC1. The induction of RhoB by
      HDAC inhibition was mediated by an inverted CCAAT box in the RhoB promoter.
      Interestingly, measurement of RhoB transcription in approximately 130 tumor
      derived cell lines revealed low expression in almost all of these samples, in
      contrast to RhoA and RhoC. Accumulating evidence indicates that the small GTPase
      Rho proteins are involved in a variety of important processes in cancer,
      including cell transformation, survival, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis.
      This study for the first time demonstrates a link between HDAC inhibition and
      RhoB expression and provides an important insight into the mechanisms of HDAC
      mediated transcriptional control and the potential therapeutic benefit of HDAC
      inhibition.

PMID- 13679860
TI  - Interaction between HIV-1 Tat and pRb2/p130: a possible mechanism in the
      pathogenesis of AIDS-related neoplasms.
AB  - Tat protein is an early nonstructural protein necessary for virus replication,
      which is secreted by infected cells and taken up by uninfected cells. Extensive
      evidence indicates that Tat may be a cofactor in the development of AIDS-related
      neoplasms. The molecular mechanism underlying Tat's oncogenic activity may
      include deregulation of cellular genes. Among these genes, it has recently been
      shown that pRb2/p130 oncosuppressor protein is one of the targets in the
      interaction between HIV gene product Tat and host proteins. However, whether the
      HIV-1 gene product Tat may inactivate the oncosuppressive function of pRb2/p130
      has not yet been elucidated. Here, we show that mRNA levels of pRb2/p130 increase
      in the presence of Tat, whereas no change in the phosphorylation status of
      pRb2/p130 is observed. In addition, Tat can inhibit the growth control activity
      exerted by pRb2/p130 in the T98G cell line. Finally, Tat does not compete with
      E2F-4 in binding to pRb2/p130. The interaction between Tat and pRb2/p130 seems to
      result in the deregulation of the control exerted by pRb2/p130 on the cell cycle.
      Taken together, these results open a window on the role of pRb2/p130 in AIDS
      related oncogenesis.

PMID- 13679861
TI  - The chemopreventive agent N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide induces apoptosis through
      a mitochondrial pathway regulated by proteins from the Bcl-2 family.
AB  - N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (4-HPR, fenretinide) is a potent chemopreventive
      agent whose effect has been suggested to involve apoptosis induction. 4-HPR
      induces a loss of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential and the mitochondrial
      release of cytochrome c before caspase activation. Inhibition of mitochondrial
      membrane permeabilization (MMP) by transfection with Bcl-2 or the Cytomegalovirus
      UL37 gene product vMIA prevented caspase activation and cell death. In contrast
      to other retinoid derivatives, 4-HPR has no direct MMP-inducing effects when
      added to isolated mitochondria or when added to proteoliposomes containing the
      MMP-regulatory permeability transition pore complex (PTPC). Moreover, although
      reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction appears to be instrumental for 4-HPR
      induced MMP and apoptosis, inhibition of the NF-kappaB or p53-mediated signal
      transduction pathways failed to modulate 4-HPR-induced apoptosis. 4-HPR was found
      to cause an antioxidant-inhibitable conformational change of both Bax and Bak,
      leading to the exposure of their N-termini and to the mitochondrial
      relocalization of Bax. Cells with a Bax(-/-) Bak(-/-) genotype were resistant
      against the 4-HPR-induced MMP, overproduction of ROS and cell death. Altogether,
      these data indicate that 4-HPR induces MMP through an ROS-mediated pathway that
      involves the obligatory contribution of the proapopotic Bcl-2 family members Bax
      and/or Bak.

PMID- 13679862
TI  - Inhibition of PI-3 kinase sensitizes human leukemic cells to histone deacetylase
      inhibitor-mediated apoptosis through p44/42 MAP kinase inactivation and
      abrogation of p21(CIP1/WAF1) induction rather than AKT inhibition.
AB  - Effects of the PI-3 kinase inhibitor LY294002 (LY) have been examined in relation
      to responses of human leukemia cells to histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDIs).
      Coexposure of U937 cells for 24 h to marginally toxic concentrations of LY294002
      (e.g., 30 microM) and sodium butyrate (SB; 1 mM) resulted in a marked increase in
      mitochondrial damage (e.g., cytochrome c and Smac/DIABLO release, loss of
      DeltaPsi(m)), caspase activation, and apoptosis. Similar results were observed in
      Jurkat, HL-60, and K562 leukemic cells and with other HDIs (e.g., SAHA, MS-275).
      Exposure of cells to SB/LY was associated with Bcl-2 and Bid cleavage, XIAP and
      Mcl-1 downregulation, and diminished CD11b expression. While LY blocked SB
      mediated Akt activation, enforced expression of a constitutively active
      (myristolated) Akt failed to attenuate SB/LY-mediated lethality. Unexpectedly,
      treatment of cells with SB+/-LY resulted in a marked reduction in phosphorylation
      (activation) of p44/42 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase. Moreover, enforced
      expression of a constitutively active MEK1 construct partially but significantly
      attenuated SB/LY-induced apoptosis. Lastly, cotreatment with LY blocked SB
      mediated induction of p21(CIP1/WAF1); moreover, enforced expression of
      p21(CIP1/WAF1) significantly reduced SB/LY-mediated apoptosis. Together, these
      findings indicate that LY promotes SB-mediated apoptosis through an AKT
      independent process that involves MEK/MAP kinase inactivation and interference
      with p21(CIP1/WAF1) induction.

PMID- 13679863
TI  - Rap1A and rap1B ras-family proteins are prominently expressed in the nucleus of
      squamous carcinomas: nuclear translocation of GTP-bound active form.
AB  - We recently showed that rap1 regulates growth and proliferation in normal
      keratinocytes, which provoked us to investigate its expression and regulation in
      malignant cells. Rap1 is variably expressed in whole cell lysates of squamous
      cell carcinoma (SCC) cell lines. Immunoblot analysis of nuclear and cytosolic
      fractions and immunohistochemistry revealed that in addition to cytoplasmic
      expression, SCC cells also exhibit prominent punctate rap1 expression in the
      nucleus. This unexpected nuclear distribution was confirmed by the evaluation of
      human oral cancer specimens by immunohistochemistry, which showed both nuclear
      and cytoplasmic localization. Cytoplasmic rap1 expression was observed mostly in
      large differentiated cells, whereas nuclear localization was found in
      morphologically less differentiated cells. Quantitative reverse transcriptase
      polymerase chain reaction and Northern blot analysis showed that both rap1A and
      rap1B are expressed in SCC cell lines although rap1B signals are more prominent.
      Transfection with enhanced GFP-tagged constitutively active and inactive forms of
      rap1B demonstrated that the active GTP-bound form translocates to the nucleus
      whereas inactive rap1B(GDP) is retained in the cytoplasm, much of which is in a
      perinuclear distribution. Furthermore, growth factors induce nuclear
      translocation of rap1 in oral cancer cells. This novel discovery that active, GTP
      bound rap1 translocates to the nucleus makes it only the second of over 100 small
      GTP-binding proteins to be identified in the nucleus, and the striking prominence
      of rap1 expression in the nucleus of SCC cells suggests that activated rap1 plays
      a role in the malignant process.

PMID- 13679864
TI  - Farnesyltransferase inhibitors are potent lung cancer chemopreventive agents in
      A/J mice with a dominant-negative p53 and/or heterozygous deletion of Ink4a/Arf.
AB  - Mutations in the Kras2 gene are seen in both human and mouse lung
      adenocarcinomas. The protein product (p21ras) encoded by the Kras2 gene must be
      post-translationally modified at a terminal CAAX motif in order to be
      biologically active. In this study, we systematically investigated the
      chemopreventive efficacy of two different farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTIs):
      one is a peptidomimetic (FTI-276) and the other is an imidazole (L778-123). Both
      FTIs are designed to inhibit the post-translational modification of p21ras
      proteins with a terminal CAAX motif. In a complete chemoprevention study, where
      the inhibitor was administered before carcinogen was given, and throughout the
      study, FTI-276 treatment significantly reduced both the tumor multiplicity by
      41.7% (P<0.005), and the total tumor volume by 79.4% (P<0.0001). In the late
      treatment study, where mice were treated with an inhibitor 12 to 20 weeks after
      carcinogen administration, FTI-276 treatment resulted in a 60% reduction in tumor
      multiplicity and 58% reduction in tumor volume. Next, we examined the
      chemopreventive efficacy of a new FTI, L-778,123, on lung tumor development in
      A/J mice and transgenic mice with a dominant-negative p53 mutation and/or
      heterozygous deletion of Ink4a/Arf. Treatment of mice with L-778,123 for a period
      of 10 weeks from 20 weeks to 30 weeks post carcinogen initiation resulted in an
      approximately 50% decrease in tumor multiplicity in wild-type mice and mice with
      a dominant-negative p53 mutation and/or heterozygous deletion of the Ink4a/Arf
      tumor suppressor genes. Interestingly, tumor volume was decreased approximately
      50% in wild-type mice and in mice with an Ink4a/Arf heterozygous deletion, while
      tumor volume was decreased approximately 75% in animals with a dominant-negative
      p53 and in mice with both a p53 mutation and heterozygous deletion of Ink4a/Arf.
      This result suggests that FTI exhibited a significantly (P<0.05) more efficacious
      chemopreventive effect in animals with alterations of p53 and Ink4a/Arf as
      contrasted with wild-type mice. Thus, FTIs are potent lung chemopreventive agents
      in both A/J mice and transgenic mice harboring a dominant-negative p53 and
      heterozygous deletion of Ink4a/Arf. In fact, L-778,123 is more effective in
      inhibiting primary lung progression in mice with a p53 mutation and/or an
      Ink4a/Arf deletion than in wild-type animals.

PMID- 13679865
TI  - Sustained hepatic expression of FoxM1B in transgenic mice has minimal effects on
      hepatocellular carcinoma development but increases cell proliferation rates in
      preneoplastic and early neoplastic lesions.
AB  - Increased hepatic expression of the Forkhead transcription factor FoxM1B in adult
      mice accelerates hepatocyte proliferation after partial hepatectomy, while in
      hepatocytes in intact liver the transgenic (Tg) protein is inactive and has no
      effect on proliferation. To investigate the influence of FoxM1B on liver tumor
      formation, we examined the effect of sustained enrichment of FoxM1B in the
      hepatocytes of mice treated with a diethylnitrosamine (DEN)/phenobarbital tumor
      induction protocol. Tg enrichment of FoxM1B in hepatocytes did not increase the
      proliferation rate in normal liver tissue even when the protein was localized to
      the nucleus. However, it did cause an increase in the proliferation rate and size
      of preneoplastic and early neoplastic lesions, although having no effects on the
      total numbers of these lesions. As tumors progressed to hepatocellular
      carcinomas, the additional Tg FoxM1B protein had no effect on cell proliferation,
      and there was no increase in tumor burden compared to wild-type animals. This
      suggests that the artificial enrichment of FoxM1B in the liver, which has been
      suggested as a gene therapy protocol for liver dysfunction with aging, may not be
      tumorigenic in that organ.

PMID- 13679866
TI  - Homodimeric galectin-7 (p53-induced gene 1) is a negative growth regulator for
      human neuroblastoma cells.
AB  - The extracellular functions of galectin-7 (p53-induced gene 1) are largely
      unknown. On the surface of neuroblastoma cells (SK-N-MC), the increased GM1
      density, a result of upregulated ganglioside sialidase activity, is a key factor
      for the switch from proliferation to differentiation. We show by solid-phase and
      cell assays that the sugar chain of this ganglioside is a ligand for galectin-7.
      In serum-supplemented proliferation assays, galectin-7 reduced neuroblastoma cell
      growth without the appearance of features characteristic for classical apoptosis.
      The presence of galectin-3 blocked this effect, which mechanistically resembles
      that of galectin-1. By virtue of carbohydrate binding, galectin-7 thus exerts
      neuroblastoma growth control similar to galectin-1 despite their structural
      differences. In addition to p53-linked proapoptotic activity intracellularly,
      galectin-7, acting as a lectin on the cell surface, appears to be capable of
      reducing cancer cell proliferation in susceptible systems.

PMID- 13679867
TI  - Preferential killing of PTEN-null myelomas by PI3K inhibitors through Akt
      pathway.
AB  - We recently reported that internal deletion of PTEN tumor suppressor gene in OPM2
      and Delta47 myeloma lines led to high Akt activation. Re-expression of PTEN
      induced strong apoptosis and growth inhibition. To understand the biologic
      importance of the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt activation affected by
      PTEN deletion, we analysed apoptosis and growth inhibition by applying PI3K
      inhibitors to myeloma lines and by expressing Akt constructs. The PI3K inhibitors
      preferentially suppressed PTEN-null myeloma growth to those expressing PTEN,
      indicating that PI3K activation is more critical for growth and survival of those
      lines with PTEN mutations than others expressing a functional PTEN gene. Since
      PTEN-null myeloma lines exhibited much stronger Akt activation than PTEN
      expressing cells in response to insulin-like growth factor I stimulation, we
      determined whether Akt could be responsible for PI3K-mediated cell survival and
      growth of PTEN-null myeloma lines. Expression of an active Akt, but not its
      kinase dead mutant, reversed wortmannin- and dexamethasone-induced apoptosis and
      growth inhibition in PTEN-null myeloma lines, suggesting that Akt lies downstream
      of PI3K for PTEN-null myeloma survival and dexamethasone resistance. In summary,
      we have provided evidence that PTEN-null myeloma cells are stringently dependent
      on the PI3K/Akt activation for cell survival. These results may provide a basis
      to treat myeloma patients with PI3K and Akt inhibitors.

PMID- 13679868
TI  - Superoxide-dependent and -independent mitochondrial signaling during apoptosis in
      multiple myeloma cells.
AB  - Superoxide (O2-) radicals have been linked to apoptosis. Here, we show that 2
      methoxyestradiol (2ME2)-induced apoptosis in multiple myeloma (MM) cells is
      associated with O2- generation, whereas dexamethasone (Dex)-induced apoptosis
      occurs without concurrent increase in O2-. In contrast, both these agents
      decrease mitochondrial transmembrane potential (Deltapsi(m)). Treatment of MM
      cells with an antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine blocks 2ME2, but not Dex-induced
      apoptosis as well as release of mitochondrial proteins cytochrome c (cyto c) and
      Smac. Taken together, these results demonstrate that there are at least two
      distinct apoptotic pathways: one dependent on O2-, which is induced by 2ME2 and
      is associated with release of cyto c and Smac; and the other an independent of O2
      , which is triggered by Dex and associated with Smac release.

PMID- 13679869
TI  - A candidate gene for Drosophila genome methylation.
AB  - Like vertebrates, the genome of Drosophila melanogaster also contains methylated
      cytosines. However, the enzyme(s) responsible for this methylation has been
      elusive. By DNA transfection and sodium bisulfite sequencing, we show here that
      overexpression of dDnmt2, which is the only expressed and cloned Drosophila
      protein consisting of motifs conserved among the DNA cytosine methyltransferases,
      results in genomic DNA methylation of Drosophila S2 cells. The data provide the
      first evidence for dDnmt2 being one candidate gene encoding the Drosophila DNA
      methyltransferase(s).

PMID- 13679870
TI  - Differential expression of DOC-1 in microsatellite-unstable human colorectal
      cancer.
AB  - The precise genetic mechanism of malignant transformation in DNA mismatch repair
      deficient, microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer (CRC) has yet to be
      elucidated. We employed cDNA microarray to identify patterns of gene expression
      among CRC cell lines and to compare directly lines with and without
      microsatellite instability. This study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that
      microsatellite-unstable CRC cell lines demonstrate specific patterns of gene
      expression that differ significantly from those observed among microsatellite
      stable CRC. Multiple differential expression patterns were identified. Genes
      demonstrating differential expression included deleted-in-oral-cancer-1 (DOC-1),
      a highly conserved growth suppressor. DOC-1 expression correlated with
      microsatellite status, with significantly decreased expression in microsatellite
      unstable cell lines and constitutive expression in microsatellite-stable cell
      lines. We also observed alterations in the biologic behavior of p12(DOC-1)
      deficient cell lines, with increased S phase and decreased apoptosis compared to
      microsatellite-stable (DOC-1+) cell lines. Transfection of p12(DOC-1) into SW48,
      which lacks p12(DOC-1) expression, resulted in cell cycle and apoptosis profiles
      similar to other p12(DOC-1)+ cell lines. These results support the hypothesis
      that microsatellite-unstable CRC is characterized by novel patterns of gene
      expression different from those associated with microsatellite-stable CRC, and
      demonstrate that p12(DOC-1) has tumor suppressor potential in colon epithelial
      cells.

PMID- 13679871
TI  - The genetic basis of mammalian neurulation.
AB  - More than 80 mutant mouse genes disrupt neurulation and allow an in-depth
      analysis of the underlying developmental mechanisms. Although many of the genetic
      mutants have been studied in only rudimentary detail, several molecular pathways
      can already be identified as crucial for normal neurulation. These include the
      planar cell-polarity pathway, which is required for the initiation of neural tube
      closure, and the sonic hedgehog signalling pathway that regulates neural plate
      bending. Mutant mice also offer an opportunity to unravel the mechanisms by which
      folic acid prevents neural tube defects, and to develop new therapies for folate
      resistant defects.

PMID- 13679872
TI  - Ecstasy's after-effects.

PMID- 13679873
TI  - A necessary setback for world trade.

PMID- 13679874
TI  - Drug companies snub antibiotics as pipeline threatens to run dry.

PMID- 13679875
TI  - Europe offers grants to young stars.

PMID- 13679876
TI  - Software mogul turns to mouse for genetic atlas of the brain.

PMID- 13679877
TI  - California laboratory mourns loss of H-bomb pioneer.

PMID- 13679878
TI  - Chemists seek image overhaul.

PMID- 13679879
TI  - Worm genes harnessed to tackle snail fever.

PMID- 13679880
TI  - African institute ready for meeting of mathematical minds.

PMID- 13679881
TI  - Academics sidelined in battle against computer worms.

PMID- 13679882
TI  - Flight veteran embraces NASA's science wing.

PMID- 13679883
TI  - Galileo gears up for swansong as crash-landing looms.

PMID- 13679886
TI  - Science education: spare me the lecture.

PMID- 13679885
TI  - Gene regulation: switched on to RNA.

PMID- 13679887
TI  - It's time for the US and Muslims to work together.

PMID- 13679888
TI  - Bomb dosimetry unlikely to change risk estimates.

PMID- 13679889
TI  - Nothing new under the Sun?

PMID- 13679894
TI  - Climate forecasting: possible or probable?

PMID- 13679895
TI  - Nanotechnology: wires on water.

PMID- 13679896
TI  - Molecular biology: microRNA is here to stay.

PMID- 13679897
TI  - Electronics: nanotechnology goes large.

PMID- 13679898
TI  - Quantum optics: single atom lases orderly light.

PMID- 13679899
TI  - Cancer: cues for migration.

PMID- 13679900
TI  - Palaeobotany: fishing for the first plants.

PMID- 13679901
TI  - Global change: probing early atmospheres.

PMID- 13679902
TI  - Developmental biology: a tadpole's tale.

PMID- 13679903
TI  - Viral genetics: deadly partnerships.

PMID- 13679907
TI  - Kinematics: wide shear zones in granular bulk flow.

PMID- 13679906
TI  - Aquatic ecology: delivery of pollutants by spawning salmon.

PMID- 13679908
TI  - The formation of cluster elliptical galaxies as revealed by extensive star
      formation.
AB  - The most massive galaxies in the present-day Universe are found to lie in the
      centres of rich clusters. They have old, coeval stellar populations suggesting
      that the bulk of their stars must have formed at early epochs in spectacular
      starbursts, which should be luminous phenomena when observed at submillimetre
      wavelengths. The most popular model of galaxy formation predicts that these
      galaxies form in proto-clusters at high-density peaks in the early Universe. Such
      peaks are indicated by massive high-redshift radio galaxies. Here we report deep
      submillimetre mapping of seven high-redshift radio galaxies and their
      environments. These data confirm not only the presence of spatially extended
      regions of massive star-formation activity in the radio galaxies themselves, but
      also in companion objects previously undetected at any wavelength. The
      prevalence, orientation, and inferred masses of these submillimetre companion
      galaxies suggest that we are witnessing the synchronous formation of the most
      luminous elliptical galaxies found today at the centres of rich clusters of
      galaxies.

PMID- 13679909
TI  - Experimental realization of a one-atom laser in the regime of strong coupling.
AB  - Conventional lasers (from table-top systems to microscopic devices) typically
      operate in the so-called weak-coupling regime, involving large numbers of atoms
      and photons; individual quanta have a negligible impact on the system dynamics.
      However, this is no longer the case when the system approaches the regime of
      strong coupling for which the number of atoms and photons can become quite small.
      Indeed, the lasing properties of a single atom in a resonant cavity have been
      extensively investigated theoretically. Here we report the experimental
      realization of a one-atom laser operated in the regime of strong coupling. We
      exploit recent advances in cavity quantum electrodynamics that allow one atom to
      be isolated in an optical cavity in a regime for which one photon is sufficient
      to saturate the atomic transition. The observed characteristics of the atom
      cavity system are qualitatively different from those of the familiar many-atom
      case. Specifically, our measurements of the intracavity photon number versus pump
      intensity indicate that there is no threshold for lasing, and we infer that the
      output flux from the cavity mode exceeds that from atomic fluorescence by more
      than tenfold. Observations of the second-order intensity correlation function
      demonstrate that our one-atom laser generates manifestly quantum (nonclassical)
      light, typified by photon anti-bunching and sub-poissonian photon statistics.

PMID- 13679910
TI  - Quantum critical behaviour in a high-T(c) superconductor.
AB  - Quantum criticality is associated with a system composed of a nearly infinite
      number of interacting quantum degrees of freedom at zero temperature, and it
      implies that the system looks on average the same regardless of the time- and
      length scale on which it is observed. Electrons on the atomic scale do not
      exhibit such symmetry, which can only be generated as a collective phenomenon
      through the interactions between a large number of electrons. In materials with
      strong electron correlations a quantum phase transition at zero temperature can
      occur, and a quantum critical state has been predicted, which manifests itself
      through universal power-law behaviours of the response functions. Candidates have
      been found both in heavy-fermion systems and in the high-transition temperature
      (high-T(c)) copper oxide superconductors, but the reality and the physical nature
      of such a phase transition are still debated. Here we report a universal
      behaviour that is characteristic of the quantum critical region. We demonstrate
      that the experimentally measured phase angle agrees precisely with the exponent
      of the optical conductivity. This points towards a quantum phase transition of an
      unconventional kind in the high-T(c) superconductors.

PMID- 13679911
TI  - High-performance thin-film transistors using semiconductor nanowires and
      nanoribbons.
AB  - Thin-film transistors (TFTs) are the fundamental building blocks for the rapidly
      growing field of macroelectronics. The use of plastic substrates is also
      increasing in importance owing to their light weight, flexibility, shock
      resistance and low cost. Current polycrystalline-Si TFT technology is difficult
      to implement on plastics because of the high process temperatures required.
      Amorphous-Si and organic semiconductor TFTs, which can be processed at lower
      temperatures, but are limited by poor carrier mobility. As a result, applications
      that require even modest computation, control or communication functions on
      plastics cannot be addressed by existing TFT technology. Alternative
      semiconductor materials that could form TFTs with performance comparable to or
      better than polycrystalline or single-crystal Si, and which can be processed at
      low temperatures over large-area plastic substrates, should not only improve the
      existing technologies, but also enable new applications in flexible, wearable and
      disposable electronics. Here we report the fabrication of TFTs using oriented Si
      nanowire thin films or CdS nanoribbons as semiconducting channels. We show that
      high-performance TFTs can be produced on various substrates, including plastics,
      using a low-temperature assembly process. Our approach is general to a broad
      range of materials including high-mobility materials (such as InAs or InP).

PMID- 13679912
TI  - High CO2 levels in the Proterozoic atmosphere estimated from analyses of
      individual microfossils.
AB  - Solar luminosity on the early Earth was significantly lower than today.
      Therefore, solar luminosity models suggest that, in the atmosphere of the early
      Earth, the concentration of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane
      must have been much higher. However, empirical estimates of Proterozoic levels of
      atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations have not hitherto been available. Here
      we present ion microprobe analyses of the carbon isotopes in individual organic
      walled microfossils extracted from a Proterozoic ( approximately 1.4-gigayear
      old) shale in North China. Calculated magnitudes of the carbon isotope
      fractionation in these large, morphologically complex microfossils suggest
      elevated levels of carbon dioxide in the ancient atmosphere--between 10 and 200
      times the present atmospheric level. Our results indicate that carbon dioxide was
      an important greenhouse gas during periods of lower solar luminosity, probably
      dominating over methane after the atmosphere and hydrosphere became pervasively
      oxygenated between 2 and 2.2 gigayears ago.

PMID- 13679913
TI  - Fragments of the earliest land plants.
AB  - The earliest fossil evidence for land plants comes from microscopic dispersed
      spores. These microfossils are abundant and widely distributed in sediments, and
      the earliest generally accepted reports are from rocks of mid-Ordovician age
      (Llanvirn, 475 million years ago). Although distribution, morphology and
      ultrastructure of the spores indicate that they are derived from terrestrial
      plants, possibly early relatives of the bryophytes, this interpretation remains
      controversial as there is little in the way of direct evidence for the parent
      plants. An additional complicating factor is that there is a significant hiatus
      between the appearance of the first dispersed spores and fossils of relatively
      complete land plants (megafossils): spores predate the earliest megafossils (Late
      Silurian, 425 million year ago) by some 50 million years. Here we report the
      description of spore-containing plant fragments from Ordovician rocks of Oman.
      These fossils provide direct evidence for the nature of the spore-producing
      plants. They confirm that the earliest spores developed in large numbers within
      sporangia, providing strong evidence that they are the fossilized remains of bona
      fide land plants. Furthermore, analysis of spore wall ultrastructure supports
      liverwort affinities.

PMID- 13679914
TI  - Inferring the palaeoenvironment of ancient bacteria on the basis of resurrected
      proteins.
AB  - Features of the physical environment surrounding an ancestral organism can be
      inferred by reconstructing sequences of ancient proteins made by those organisms,
      resurrecting these proteins in the laboratory, and measuring their properties.
      Here, we resurrect candidate sequences for elongation factors of the Tu family
      (EF-Tu) found at ancient nodes in the bacterial evolutionary tree, and measure
      their activities as a function of temperature. The ancient EF-Tu proteins have
      temperature optima of 55-65 degrees C. This value seems to be robust with respect
      to uncertainties in the ancestral reconstruction. This suggests that the ancient
      bacteria that hosted these particular genes were thermophiles, and neither
      hyperthermophiles nor mesophiles. This conclusion can be compared and contrasted
      with inferences drawn from an analysis of the lengths of branches in trees
      joining proteins from contemporary bacteria, the distribution of thermophily in
      derived bacterial lineages, the inferred G + C content of ancient ribosomal RNA,
      and the geological record combined with assumptions concerning molecular clocks.
      The study illustrates the use of experimental palaeobiochemistry and assumptions
      about deep phylogenetic relationships between bacteria to explore the character
      of ancient life.

PMID- 13679915
TI  - Patterns of predation in a diverse predator-prey system.
AB  - There are many cases where animal populations are affected by predators and
      resources in terrestrial ecosystems, but the factors that determine when one or
      the other predominates remain poorly understood. Here we show, using 40 years of
      data from the highly diverse mammal community of the Serengeti ecosystem, East
      Africa, that the primary cause of mortality for adults of a particular species is
      determined by two factors--the species diversity of both the predators and prey
      and the body size of that prey species relative to other prey and predators.
      Small ungulates in Serengeti are exposed to more predators, owing to
      opportunistic predation, than are larger ungulates; they also suffer greater
      predation rates, and experience strong predation pressure. A threshold occurs at
      prey body sizes of approximately 150 kg, above which ungulate species have few
      natural predators and exhibit food limitation. Thus, biodiversity allows both
      predation (top-down) and resource limitation (bottom-up) to act simultaneously to
      affect herbivore populations. This result may apply generally in systems where
      there is a diversity of predators and prey.

PMID- 13679916
TI  - The evolutionary inheritance of elemental stoichiometry in marine phytoplankton.
AB  - Phytoplankton is a nineteenth century ecological construct for a biologically
      diverse group of pelagic photoautotrophs that share common metabolic functions
      but not evolutionary histories. In contrast to terrestrial plants, a major schism
      occurred in the evolution of the eukaryotic phytoplankton that gave rise to two
      major plastid superfamilies. The green superfamily appropriated chlorophyll b,
      whereas the red superfamily uses chlorophyll c as an accessory photosynthetic
      pigment. Fossil evidence suggests that the green superfamily dominated Palaeozoic
      oceans. However, after the end-Permian extinction, members of the red superfamily
      rose to ecological prominence. The processes responsible for this shift are
      obscure. Here we present an analysis of major nutrients and trace elements in 15
      species of marine phytoplankton from the two superfamilies. Our results indicate
      that there are systematic phylogenetic differences in the two plastid types where
      macronutrient (carbon:nitrogen:phosphorus) stoichiometries primarily reflect
      ancestral pre-symbiotic host cell phenotypes, but trace element composition
      reflects differences in the acquired plastids. The compositional differences
      between the two plastid superfamilies suggest that changes in ocean redox state
      strongly influenced the evolution and selection of eukaryotic phytoplankton since
      the Proterozoic era.

PMID- 13679917
TI  - Predicted recurrences of mass coral mortality in the Indian Ocean.
AB  - In 1998, more than 90% of shallow corals were killed on most Indian Ocean reefs.
      High sea surface temperature (SST) was a primary cause, acting directly or by
      interacting with other factors. Mean SSTs have been forecast to rise above the
      1998 values in a few decades; however, forecast SSTs rarely flow seamlessly from
      historical data, or may show erroneous seasonal oscillations, precluding an
      accurate prediction of when lethal SSTs will recur. Differential acclimation by
      corals in different places complicates this further. Here I scale forecast SSTs
      at 33 Indian Ocean sites where most shallow corals died in 1998 (ref. 1) to
      identify geographical patterns in the timing of probable repeat occurrences.
      Reefs located 10-15 degrees south will be affected every 5 years by 2010-2025.
      North and south from this, dates recede in a pattern not directly related to
      present SSTs; paradoxically, some of the warmest sites may be affected last.
      Temperatures lethal to corals vary in this region by 6 degrees C, and acclimation
      of a modest 2 degrees C by corals could prolong their survival by nearly 100
      years.

PMID- 13679918
TI  - Monkeys reject unequal pay.
AB  - During the evolution of cooperation it may have become critical for individuals
      to compare their own efforts and pay-offs with those of others. Negative
      reactions may occur when expectations are violated. One theory proposes that
      aversion to inequity can explain human cooperation within the bounds of the
      rational choice model, and may in fact be more inclusive than previous
      explanations. Although there exists substantial cultural variation in its
      particulars, this 'sense of fairness' is probably a human universal that has been
      shown to prevail in a wide variety of circumstances. However, we are not the only
      cooperative animals, hence inequity aversion may not be uniquely human. Many
      highly cooperative nonhuman species seem guided by a set of expectations about
      the outcome of cooperation and the division of resources. Here we demonstrate
      that a nonhuman primate, the brown capuchin monkey (Cebus apella), responds
      negatively to unequal reward distribution in exchanges with a human experimenter.
      Monkeys refused to participate if they witnessed a conspecific obtain a more
      attractive reward for equal effort, an effect amplified if the partner received
      such a reward without any effort at all. These reactions support an early
      evolutionary origin of inequity aversion.

PMID- 13679919
TI  - cdx4 mutants fail to specify blood progenitors and can be rescued by multiple hox
      genes.
AB  - Organogenesis is dependent on the formation of distinct cell types within the
      embryo. Important to this process are the hox genes, which are believed to confer
      positional identities to cells along the anteroposterior axis. Here, we have
      identified the caudal-related gene cdx4 as the locus mutated in kugelig (kgg), a
      zebrafish mutant with an early defect in haematopoiesis that is associated with
      abnormal anteroposterior patterning and aberrant hox gene expression. The blood
      deficiency in kgg embryos can be rescued by overexpressing hoxb7a or hoxa9a but
      not hoxb8a, indicating that the haematopoietic defect results from perturbations
      in specific hox genes. Furthermore, the haematopoietic defect in kgg mutants is
      not rescued by scl overexpression, suggesting that cdx4 and hox genes act to make
      the posterior mesoderm competent for blood development. Overexpression of cdx4
      during zebrafish development or in mouse embryonic stem cells induces blood
      formation and alters hox gene expression. Taken together, these findings
      demonstrate that cdx4 regulates hox genes and is necessary for the specification
      of haematopoietic cell fate during vertebrate embryogenesis.

PMID- 13679920
TI  - Chemokine receptor CXCR4 downregulated by von Hippel-Lindau tumour suppressor
      pVHL.
AB  - Organ-specific metastasis is governed, in part, by interactions between chemokine
      receptors on cancer cells and matching chemokines in target organs. For example,
      malignant breast cancer cells express the chemokine receptor CXCR4 and commonly
      metastasize to organs that are an abundant source of the CXCR4-specific ligand
      stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha (ref. 1). It is still uncertain how an
      evolving tumour cell is reprogrammed to express CXCR4, thus implementing the
      tendency to metastasize to specific organs. Here we show that the von Hippel
      Lindau tumour suppressor protein pVHL negatively regulates CXCR4 expression owing
      to its capacity to target hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) for degradation under
      normoxic conditions. This process is suppressed under hypoxic conditions,
      resulting in HIF-dependent CXCR4 activation. An analysis of clear cell renal
      carcinoma that manifests mutation of the VHL gene in most cases revealed an
      association of strong CXCR4 expression with poor tumour-specific survival. These
      results suggest a mechanism for CXCR4 activation during tumour cell evolution and
      imply that VHL inactivation acquired by incipient tumour cells early in
      tumorigenesis confers not only a selective survival advantage but also the
      tendency to home to selected organs.

PMID- 13679921
TI  - The BTB protein MEL-26 is a substrate-specific adaptor of the CUL-3 ubiquitin
      ligase.
AB  - Many biological processes, such as development and cell cycle progression are
      tightly controlled by selective ubiquitin-dependent degradation of key
      substrates. In this pathway, the E3-ligase recognizes the substrate and targets
      it for degradation by the 26S proteasome. The SCF (Skp1-Cul1-F-box) and ECS
      (Elongin C-Cul2-SOCS box) complexes are two well-defined cullin-based E3-ligases.
      The cullin subunits serve a scaffolding function and interact through their C
      terminus with the RING-finger-containing protein Hrt1/Roc1/Rbx1, and through
      their N terminus with Skp1 or Elongin C, respectively. In Caenorhabditis elegans,
      the ubiquitin-ligase activity of the CUL-3 complex is required for degradation of
      the microtubule-severing protein MEI-1/katanin at the meiosis-to-mitosis
      transition. However, the molecular composition of this cullin-based E3-ligase is
      not known. Here we identified the BTB-containing protein MEL-26 as a component
      required for degradation of MEI-1 in vivo. Importantly, MEL-26 specifically
      interacts with CUL-3 and MEI-1 in vivo and in vitro, and displays properties of a
      substrate-specific adaptor. Our results suggest that BTB-containing proteins may
      generally function as substrate-specific adaptors in Cul3-based E3-ubiquitin
      ligases.

PMID- 13679923
TI  - Working for peanuts.

PMID- 13679922
TI  - BTB proteins are substrate-specific adaptors in an SCF-like modular ubiquitin
      ligase containing CUL-3.
AB  - Programmed destruction of regulatory proteins through the ubiquitin-proteasome
      system is a widely used mechanism for controlling signalling pathways. Cullins
      are proteins that function as scaffolds for modular ubiquitin ligases typified by
      the SCF (Skp1-Cul1-F-box) complex. The substrate selectivity of these E3 ligases
      is dictated by a specificity module that binds cullins. In the SCF complex, this
      module is composed of Skp1, which binds directly to Cul1, and a member of the F
      box family of proteins. F-box proteins bind Skp1 through the F-box motif, and
      substrates by means of carboxy-terminal protein interaction domains. Similarly,
      Cul2 and Cul5 interact with BC-box-containing specificity factors through the
      Skp1-like protein elongin C. Cul3 is required for embryonic development in
      mammals and Caenorhabditis elegans but its specificity module is unknown. Here we
      report the identification of a large family of BTB-domain proteins as substrate
      specific adaptors for C. elegans CUL-3. Biochemical studies using the BTB protein
      MEL-26 and its genetic target MEI-1 (refs 12, 13) indicate that BTB proteins
      merge the functional properties of Skp1 and F-box proteins into a single
      polypeptide.

PMID- 13679924
TI  - Biomedicine meets engineering.

PMID- 13679925
TI  - Europe chips in for training.

PMID- 13679926
TI  - Engineering your own path.

PMID- 13679927
TI  - Total parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis: prematurity or amino acids?

PMID- 13679928
TI  - Extended spectrum beta lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae infections: a
      review of the literature.
AB  - Infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing pathogens,
      particularly Klebsiella pneumoniae, are increasing. The epidemiology of ESBL
      producing K. pneumoniae, the mechanisms of resistance, and treatment strategies
      for infections caused by these organisms are reviewed.

PMID- 13679929
TI  - Increased incidence of parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis with aminosyn
      PF compared to trophamine.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To compare the incidence of parenteral nutrition-associated
      cholestasis (PNAC) between two pediatric parenteral amino-acid formulations,
      Aminosyn PF (APF) and Trophamine (TA). STUDY DESIGN:  SETTING: Tertiary newborn
      intensive-care nursery. SUBJECTS: A total of 661 neonates who received either TA
      or APF. DESIGN: Retrospective. The incidence of PNAC was determined in three
      groups: Group I (TA, 8/19/97 to 8/19/98, n=335), Group II (APF, 8/20/98 to
      1/28/99, n=157), and Group III (TA, 1/29/99 to 8/1/99, n=169). RESULTS: No PNAC
      developed in any infant receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) for < 3 weeks. Of 141
      patients given PN for > or =21 days, 24 were diagnosed with PNAC: Group I (TA,
      10/78, 12.8%), Group II (APF, 9/27, 33.3%), and Group III (TA, 5/36, 13.9%). The
      incidence of PNAC was significantly higher in infants who received APF (p=0.043).
      Using logistic regression, only birth weight, duration of PN, and use of APF were
      significant risk factors for the development of PNAC. Despite an earlier
      initiation of enteral feedings, APF recipients developed PNAC sooner, had higher
      peak direct bilirubin levels, and remained jaundiced longer. CONCLUSIONS: The use
      of APF was temporally associated with a greater than two-fold increase in the
      incidence of PNAC compared to periods of exclusive TA use. In the absence of
      significant differences in parenteral nutrient or energy intake in neonates who
      developed PNAC, we speculate that possible differences between the amino-acid
      compositions of TA and APF may be responsible for the observed differences in the
      incidence of PNAC.

PMID- 13679930
TI  - Safety, reliability, and validity of a physiologic definition of bronchopulmonary
      dysplasia.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the focus of many intervention
      trials, yet the outcome measure when based solely on oxygen administration may be
      confounded by differing criteria for oxygen administration between physicians.
      Thus, we wished to define BPD by a standardized oxygen saturation monitoring at
      36 weeks corrected age, and compare this physiologic definition with the standard
      clinical definition of BPD based solely on oxygen administration. METHODOLOGY: A
      total of 199 consecutive very low birthweight infants (VLBW, 501 to 1500 g
      birthweight) were assessed prospectively at 36+/-1 weeks corrected age. Neonates
      on positive pressure support or receiving >30% supplemental oxygen were assigned
      the outcome BPD. Those receiving < or =30% oxygen underwent a stepwise 2%
      reduction in supplemental oxygen to room air while under continuous observation
      and oxygen saturation monitoring. Outcomes of the test were "no BPD" (saturations
      > or =88% for 60 minutes) or "BPD" (saturation < 88%). At the conclusion of the
      test, all infants were returned to their baseline oxygen. Safety (apnea,
      bradycardia, increased oxygen use), inter-rater reliability, test-retest
      reliability, and validity of the physiologic definition vs the clinical
      definition were assessed. RESULTS: A total of 199 VLBW were assessed, of whom 45
      (36%) were diagnosed with BPD by the clinical definition of oxygen use at 36
      weeks corrected age. The physiologic definition identified 15 infants treated
      with oxygen who successfully passed the saturation monitoring test in room air.
      The physiologic definition diagnosed BPD in 30 (24%) of the cohort. All infants
      were safely studied. The test was highly reliable (inter-rater reliability,
      kappa=1.0; test-retest reliability, kappa=0.83) and highly correlated with
      discharge home in oxygen, length of hospital stay, and hospital readmissions in
      the first year of life. CONCLUSIONS: The physiologic definition of BPD is safe,
      feasible, reliable, and valid and improves the precision of the diagnosis of BPD.
      This may be of benefit in future multicenter clinical trials.

PMID- 13679931
TI  - Maternal epidural analgesia and rates of maternal antibiotic treatment in a low
      risk nulliparous population.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Epidural analgesia is associated with an increased rate of fever in
      prospective randomized trials. While the evidence suggests that epidural fever is
      not infectious, epidural analgesia has been associated with increased rates of
      antibiotic use, the indications that prompt treatment have not been examined.
      METHODS: We analyzed 1235 nulliparous women with singleton term pregnancies
      presenting in labor with a temperature of < 99.5 degrees F. Antibiotic use during
      labor was categorized by indication. RESULTS: A total of 59.6% of women received
      epidural analgesia. The rate of antibiotic use was significantly higher in women
      receiving epidural analgesia (28 vs 10.8%). After adjusting for confounders using
      logistic regression, epidural analgesia was associated with a relative risk of
      2.6 (95% CI 2.0, 3.4) for antibiotic treatment. The majority of the increased
      risk was due to significantly higher rates of antibiotic treatment for presumed
      chorioamnionitis (9.0 vs 0.4%) in the epidural analgesia group. CONCLUSION:
      Epidural-related fever results in excess maternal antibiotic treatment for
      presumed chorioamnionitis.

PMID- 13679932
TI  - Risk factors for pulmonary edema in triplet pregnancies.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Multiple gestations are known to be at increased risk for pulmonary
      edema. Our objective was to characterize this morbidity in a cohort of triplet
      pregnancies. STUDY DESIGN: Charts from triplet pregnancies managed by the
      Georgetown University Hospital Maternal-Fetal Medicine service were abstracted
      for demographic information and complications. Cases who developed pulmonary
      edema were compared with those who did not using Fisher exact test, chi(2) and
      Student's t-test with p <0.05 considered significant. RESULTS: Of 66 triplet
      pregnancies with complete records, 15 (22.7%) were complicated by pulmonary
      edema. Patients developing this condition were more likely to be receiving
      magnesium sulfate therapy than those who did not [14/15 (93.3%) vs 32/51 (62.7%)
      p=0.049]. There was no difference between patients developing pulmonary edema and
      those who did not in terms of maternal age (mean+/-SD: 34.5+/-6.8 vs 34+/-4.3
      years, p=0.8) or gestational age at delivery (33.3+/-2.3 vs 32.8+/-3.5 weeks,
      p=0.6), but the former group had smaller babies than the latter (1739+/- 369 vs
      1891+/-538 g, p=0.04). Among the patients treated with magnesium sulfate, those
      who developed the more severe form of pulmonary edema were more likely than those
      who did not to have been treated for pre-eclampsia than preterm labor (6/10 (60%)
      vs 7/33 (21.2%), p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary edema is a common complication
      of triplet pregnancy. Patients receiving magnesium sulfate, having pre-eclampsia
      or fetal growth restriction are at increased risk for pulmonary edema,
      particularly in its worst clinical presentation.

PMID- 13679933
TI  - Immediate and delayed cord clamping in infants born between 24 and 32 weeks: a
      pilot randomized controlled trial.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: This pilot study's aim was to establish feasibility of a protocol for
      delayed cord clamping (DCC) versus immediate cord clamping (ICC) at preterm birth
      and to examine its effects on initial blood pressure and other outcomes. STUDY
      DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial recruited 32 infants between 24 and 32
      weeks. Immediately before delivery, mothers were randomized to ICC (cord clamped
      at 5 to 10 seconds) or DCC (30- to 45-second delay in cord clamping) groups.
      RESULTS: Intention-to-treat analyses revealed that the DCC group were more likely
      to have higher initial mean blood pressures (adjusted OR 3.4) and less likely to
      be discharged on oxygen (adjusted OR 8.6). DCC group infants had higher initial
      glucose levels (ICC=36 mg/dl, DCC=73.1 mg/dl; p=0.02). CONCLUSION: The research
      design is feasible. The immediate benefit of improved blood pressure was
      confirmed and other findings deserve consideration for further study.

PMID- 13679934
TI  - Randomized trial of normal saline versus 5% albumin for the treatment of neonatal
      hypotension.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to assess the comparative efficacy of normal
      saline (NS) and 5% albumin (ALB) for treatment of hypotension in the acutely ill
      newborn. STUDY DESIGN: Newborn infants who were < 24 hours old and were admitted
      to the Holden Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at the University of Michigan were
      randomized to receive one of the two solutions for volume expansion. Hypotension
      was defined as a sustained (> or =30 minutes) mean arterial pressure (MAP) of <
      30 mmHg for infants weighing < or =2500 g, or a MAP of < 40 mmHg for those
      weighing > 2500 g. The short-term outcome measure was the resolution of
      hypotension defined as a MAP over the minimum limits set for birthweight
      sustained for > or =30 minutes. RESULTS: In total 41 infants met criteria and
      were entered. Of these, 21 infants received ALB and 20 received NS. Successful
      treatment was seen in 17/21 (81%) of infants in the ALB group and 17/20 (85%) of
      infants in the NS group. There was no statistically significant difference in
      response to treatment (p=0.30). In addition, there was no statistically
      significant difference in the magnitude of change in MAP between the two
      (p=0.41). CONCLUSIONS: NS was shown to be as effective as ALB for the correction
      of acute hypotension in the newborn infant. Given comparable efficacy of NS,
      along with its relatively low cost and availability, it should be considered the
      initial treatment of choice in this setting.

PMID- 13679935
TI  - Postnatal malnutrition of extremely low birth-weight infants with catch-up growth
      postdischarge.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To assess nutritional intakes and subsequent growth of extremely low
      birth-weight (BW) infants. STUDY DESIGN: Chart review of 69 extremely low BW
      infants stratified into two groups by BW: < or =750 g (group 1; n=27) or 751 to
      1000 g (group 2; n=42). Dietary intakes, weights, and head circumferences (HC)
      were collected through discharge and at 1 month postdischarge. The differences
      between goals and intakes were calculated weekly during hospitalization.
      Descriptive comparisons were made between growth parameters at birth, discharge,
      and follow-up. RESULTS: Total energy and protein deficits were inversely related
      to BW. Both groups exhibited extrauterine growth retardation while hospitalized.
      After discharge, the rates of weight gain and HC growth increased, leading to
      some growth recovery at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Existing feeding methods resulted
      in sizeable deficits in energy and protein, particularly for the smallest
      infants. Changing current practices to limit these deficits is essential to
      improving postnatal growth.

PMID- 13679936
TI  - Pacing as a treatment technique for transitional sucking patterns.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To ascertain whether the implementation of a paced feeding protocol in
      a sample of preterm infants with respiratory diagnoses will result in the
      development of more efficient sucking patterns, increased weight gain, decreased
      incidence of bradycardia during feeding, and shorter length of hospital stay.
      METHOD: A total of 36 premature infants were enrolled into a nonrandomized
      clinical trial conducted in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The first 18
      infants were traditionally bottle-fed. Following this cohort's discharge from
      NICU, nursing staff completed continuing education on implementing a paced
      feeding protocol and the next 18 infants were delivered paced feedings. RESULTS:
      The two cohorts were equivalent at the initiation of oral feedings on gestational
      age, birth weight, 1 and 5 minute Apgar scores, weight, and postconceptual age.
      The paced infants demonstrated statistically and clinically significant decreases
      in bradycardic incidences during feeding and gains in development of more
      efficient sucking patterns at discharge. Discharge and average weekly weight gain
      did not differ between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: The incorporation of pacing
      into NICU care practices appears to be beneficial for preterm infants with
      respiratory disease.

PMID- 13679937
TI  - Reducing acquired infections in the NICU: observing and implementing meaningful
      differences in process between high and low acquired infection rate centers.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Acquired infection is one of the most prevalent sources of concern in
      neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Center-to-center variation has been noted
      by both the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System and the Vermont
      Oxford Network suggesting that site of care influences outcomes including
      acquired infection. OBJECTIVE: To reduce the acquired infection rate by isolating
      and then implementing meaningful process differences between high and low
      infection rate centers. DESIGN/METHOD: A multistaged observation and intervention
      study. The primary outcome measure was defined as a positive blood culture,
      collected more than 3 days after birth. Hospital patient days along with
      infection episodes were collected for all NICU admissions in the network during
      the baseline and post-implementation periods. A detailed observation guide was
      used during site visits to high and low infection rate centers. The observations
      recorded in the guide allowed the team to isolate meaningful differences, which
      were shared with the network. Individual NICUs decided which of the meaningful
      differences, if any, to implement. To estimate the impact on costs, additional
      data were gathered in a case-matched series of infants in one demonstration site.
      RESULTS: In all, 15 meaningful differences were isolated and shared with the
      network. The network rate for acquired infection dropped from 3.8 to 2.9 episodes
      per 1000 patient days. In the demonstration site, the infection rate dropped from
      7.4 to 4.0 per 1000 patient days. CONCLUSION: Isolation of process level
      differences between high and low performing centers followed by implementation of
      these meaningful differences may reduce acquired infections. Other targeted areas
      of care may benefit from this quality improvement methodology.

PMID- 13679938
TI  - Effect of recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on blood neutrophil
      concentrations among patients with "idiopathic neonatal neutropenia": a
      randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: We previously described a severe, prolonged, idiopathic, but self
      resolving, variety of neutropenia among preterm neonates. In the present study,
      we sought to assess the marrow neutrophil reserves of these patients by serially
      measuring blood neutrophils following the administration of recombinant
      granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rG-CSF) or placebo. STUDY DESIGN:
      Prospective, randomized trial of rG-CSF vs placebo for infants with "idiopathic
      neonatal neutropenia". RESULTS: During 36 consecutive months, 2407 neonates were
      admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit; 429 weighed less than 1500 g at
      birth, 14 of these were later diagnosed with "idiopathic neonatal neutropenia";
      10 were enrolled in this trial. The five rG-CSF recipients had an immediate,
      marked increase in blood neutrophil concentration, indicating adequate rG-CSF
      mobilizable marrow neutrophil reserves. This effect persisted to day 5, but
      counts were not different from those of the five placebo recipients on days 12
      and 15. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with "idiopathic neonatal neutropenia" have a
      substantial rG-CSF-mobilizable marrow neutrophil reserve. On that basis, we
      speculate that this variety of neonatal neutropenia does not constitute a
      significant deficiency in antibacterial defense.

PMID- 13679939
TI  - Perinatal outcome following amniotic septostomy in chronic TTTS is independent of
      placental angioarchitecture.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To determine whether the vascular anatomy of monochorial placenta
      influences the success of amniotic septostomy for the treatment of chronic mid
      trimester twin-twin transfusion syndrome, we report placental anastomoses and
      perinatal data of 13 pregnancies treated by amniotic septostomy in combination
      with amnioreduction (AR). The placental anastomoses were delineated postnatally
      by perfusion studies. Perinatal outcome was also evaluated in relation to
      umbilical artery Doppler waveform of the donor twin. RESULTS: The median
      gestational age at septostomy was 21 weeks (range 18 to 25.5 weeks). Amniotic
      septostomy in combination with single AR procedure successfully resolved
      polyhydramnios in all cases. The median gestational age at delivery and the
      septostomy to delivery interval were 27 weeks (range 20 to 34 weeks) and 4 weeks
      (range 0.3 to 13.6 weeks), respectively. Of the 26 fetuses, 10 died in utero and
      four died within a week of life, with a combined survival rate of 46%. There was
      no relation between the clinical outcome and angioarchitecture of the placenta.
      However, pregnancy loss was higher in the donor twin with absent end-diastolic
      flow umbilical artery Doppler waveform than those with end-diastolic flow (85 vs
      17%; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that although amniotic
      septostomy is a promising method for the correction of oligohydramnios and/or
      polyhydramnios, perinatal survival rate does not depend on angioarchitecture of
      the placenta. Instead, umbilical artery Doppler waveform of the donor twin may be
      a better marker for survival rate.

PMID- 13679940
TI  - Our unrequited love for simple explanation.
AB  - In the complex and often perplexing field of perinatology, it is often tempting
      to extrapolate the results of the latest published study to our daily clinical
      practice, especially when the study appears to provide simple answers to
      difficult questions. This tendency is further encouraged by sensational media
      coverage and commentaries that, by necessity, further simplify the issues and
      hype the speculation. Without a critical appraisal of the study population,
      methodology, analysis and conclusions stated, globalizing a single study's
      results to anyone's clinical practice can be well-intentioned but misguided. As
      an example, approximately 1 year ago the results of an NICHD study involving home
      uterine activity monitoring (HUAM) were released. The study concluded that, while
      the likelihood of preterm delivery increased with an increased baseline frequency
      of uterine contractions, measurement of this contractility was not a clinically
      efficient predictor of preterm delivery. Through the media and editorials that
      followed, the study results became translated so as to indicate that HUAM was not
      effective in preventing preterm delivery or improving perinatal outcomes. In our
      desire for a simple and definitive conclusion on HUAM, key facts about this study
      were forgotten. In the NICHD study, uterine contraction data were blinded to both
      physician and patient, and only intermittent preterm monitoring was used with no
      provision for emergency monitoring; a study design that guaranteed patient
      management and outcomes would not be affected by HUAM. Using the NICHD HUAM study
      as an example to be learned from, we should be more critical and independent in
      our appraisal of published trials. Evidence-based medicine is only useful when we
      pay as much attention to the methodology as we do to the results.

PMID- 13679941
TI  - Tin-mesoporphyrin in the treatment of severe hyperbilirubinemia in a very-low
      birth-weight infant.
AB  - Tin-mesoporphyrin (SnMP) is a competitive inhibitor of microsomal heme oxygenase
      (the rate-limiting enzyme in the heme catabolic pathway). It was administered as
      a single intramuscular dose at 46 hours of life to a very-low-birth-weight infant
      with severe hemolytic hyperbilirubinemia who had been awaiting an exchange
      transfusion. This case documents the effective elimination of the need for an
      exchange transfusion in a very-low-birth-weight infant and is a confirmation of
      the experience of others for the use of SnMP in reducing bilirubin production.

PMID- 13679942
TI  - Profound fetal bradycardia: a case report highlighting treatment options.
AB  - A case report of a fetus that presented at 33 weeks gestation with profound
      bradycardia associated with ventricular rates of < 50 beats per minute. Possible
      management strategies include continued observation, medical intervention of the
      mother with stimulants and urgent delivery of the fetus. The differential
      diagnosis, management and ultimate course of this patient are discussed.

PMID- 13679943
TI  - Tricuspid valve thrombus and pulmonary embolus in an infant with homozygous
      thermolabile methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and heterozygous prothrombin
      G20210A variant.
AB  - We describe an unusual and interesting case of a full-term infant presenting at 7
      days of life with HSV pneumonitis and a tricuspid valve thrombus ultimately
      requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The infant subsequently developed
      a pulmonary embolus. The infant was found to be heterozygous for the prothrombin
      G20210A mutation and homozygous for the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C667T
      mutation. The patient was treated with low molecular weight heparin for a total
      of 3 months and has not had a recurrent thrombosis. This case illustrates that a
      combination of congenital and acquired thrombophilic risk factors can contribute
      to a significant thrombotic event.

PMID- 13679944
TI  - Percutaneous catheter evacuation of a pneumatocele in an extremely premature
      infant with respiratory failure.
AB  - Progression of pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE) to single or multiple
      pneumatoceles is uncommon, but may be seen in extremely premature infants with
      respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) on mechanical ventilation, after bacterial
      pneumonia and after suction catheter-induced airway trauma. While most premature
      infants with pneumatoceles are managed conservatively, mechanical decompression
      may be necessary.(1-3) Prior descriptions of neonatal intensive-care management
      of pneumatoceles in premature infants are individual case reports. We report the
      case of a 1-month-old extremely premature infant with RDS and respiratory failure
      from superimposed respiratory syncytial viral pneumonitis, PIE, and an enlarging
      pneumatocele, which was successfully managed with a percutaneously placed pigtail
      catheter.

PMID- 13679945
TI  - Neonatal hand casting method.
AB  - This article describes the methods used to make hand or foot molds of infants in
      the neonatal intensive care unit. Parents seem appreciative of the mementos of
      their infant's stay and infancy. These castings also have teaching as well as
      fund-raising value.

PMID- 13679946
TI  - Response to Struthers et al.

PMID- 13679949
TI  - Background to the INTERMAP study of nutrients and blood pressure.

PMID- 13679950
TI  - INTERMAP: background, aims, design, methods, and descriptive statistics
      (nondietary).
AB  - Blood pressure (BP) above optimal (< or =120/< or =80 mmHg) is established as a
      major cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. Prevalence of adverse BP is high
      in most adult populations; until recently research has been sparse on reasons for
      this. Since the 1980s, epidemiologic studies confirmed that salt, alcohol intake,
      and body mass relate directly to BP; dietary potassium, inversely. Several other
      nutrients also probably influence BP. The DASH feeding trials demonstrated that
      with the multiple modifications in the DASH combination diet, SBP/DBP (SBP:
      systolic blood pressure, DBP: diastolic blood pressure) was sizably reduced,
      independent of calorie balance, alcohol intake, and BP reduction with decreased
      dietary salt. A key challenge for research is to elucidate specific nutrients
      accounting for this effect. The general aim of the study was to clarify
      influences of multiple nutrients on SBP/DBP of individuals over and above effects
      of Na, K, alcohol, and body mass. Specific aims were, in a cross-sectional
      epidemiologic study of 4680 men and women aged 40-59 years from 17 diverse
      population samples in China, Japan, UK, and USA, test 10 prior hypotheses on
      relations of macronutrients to SBP/DBP and on role of dietary factors in inverse
      associations of education with BP; test four related subgroup hypotheses; explore
      associations with SBP/DBP of multiple other nutrients, urinary metabolites, and
      foods. For these purposes, for all 4680 participants, with standardized high
      quality methods, assess individual intake of 76 nutrients from four 24-h dietary
      recalls/person; measure in two timed 24-h urine collections/person 24-h excretion
      of Na, K, Ca, Mg, creatinine, amino acids; microalbuminuria; multiple nutrients
      and metabolites by nuclear magnetic resonance and high-pressure liquid
      chromatography. Based on eight SBP/DBP measurements/person, and data on multiple
      possible confounders, utilize mainly multiple linear regression and quantile
      analyses to test prior hypotheses and explore relations of multiple dietary and
      urinary variables to SBP/DBP of individuals. The 4680 INTERMAP participants are
      equally divided across four age/gender strata: diverse in ethnicity, education,
      occupation, physical activity; use of cigarettes, alcohol; diagnosed high BP,
      CVD, diabetes; CVD family history; women vary in parity, use of contraceptive
      medication and hormone replacement therapy.

PMID- 13679951
TI  - INTERMAP: the dietary data--process and quality control.
AB  - The aim of this report is to describe INTERMAP standardized procedures for
      assessing dietary intake of 4680 individuals from 17 population samples in China,
      Japan, UK and USA: Based on a common Protocol and Manuals of Operations,
      standardized collection by centrally trained certified staff of four 24 h dietary
      recalls, two timed 24-h urines, two 7-day histories of daily alcohol intake per
      participant; tape recording of all dietary interviews, and use of multiple
      methods for ongoing quality control of dietary data collection and processing
      (local, national, and international); one central laboratory for urine analyses;
      review, update, expansion of available databases for four countries to produce
      comparable data on 76 nutrients for all reported foods; use of these databases at
      international coordinating centres to compute nutrient composition. Chinese
      participants reported 2257 foods; Japanese, 2931; and UK, 3963. In US, use was
      made of 17,000 food items in the online automated Nutrition Data System. Average
      time/recall ranged from 22 min for China to 31 min for UK. Among indicators of
      dietary data quality, coding error rates (from recoding 10% random samples of
      recalls) were 2.3% for China, 1.4% for Japan, and UK; an analogous US procedure
      (re-entry of recalls into computer from tape recordings) also yielded low
      discrepancy rates. Average scores on assessment of taped dietary interviews were
      high, 40.4 (Japan) to 45.3 (China) (highest possible score: 48); correlations
      between urinary and dietary nutrient values--similar for men and women--were, for
      all 4680 participants, 0.51 for total protein, range across countries 0.40-0.52;
      0.55 for potassium, range 0.30-0.58; 0.42 for sodium, range 0.33-0.46. The
      updated dietary databases are valuable international resources. Dietary quality
      control procedures yielded data generally indicative of high quality performance
      in the four countries. These procedures were time consuming. Ongoing recoding of
      random samples of recalls is deemed essential. Use of tape recorded dietary
      interviews contributed to quality control, despite feasibility problems, deemed
      remediable by protocol modification. For quality assessment, use of correlation
      data on dietary and urinary nutrient values yielded meaningful findings,
      including evidence of special difficulties in assessing sodium intake by dietary
      methods.

PMID- 13679952
TI  - Nutrient intakes of middle-aged men and women in China, Japan, United Kingdom,
      and United States in the late 1990s: the INTERMAP study.
AB  - The purpose of the study was to compare nutrient intakes among Chinese, Japanese,
      UK, and US INTERMAP samples, and assess possible relationships of dietary
      patterns to differential patterns of cardiovascular diseases between East Asian
      and Western countries. Based on a common Protocol and Manuals of Operations, high
      quality dietary data were collected by four standardized 24-h dietary recalls and
      two 24-h urine collections from 17 population samples in China (three samples),
      Japan (four samples), UK (two samples), and USA (eight samples). There were about
      260 men and women aged 40-59 years per sample--total N=4680. Quality of dietary
      interview and data entry were monitored and enhanced by extensive systematic
      ongoing quality control procedures at local, country, and international level.
      Four databases on nutrient composition of foods from the four countries were
      updated and enhanced (76 nutrients for all four countries) by the Nutrition
      Coordinating Center, University of Minnesota, in cooperation with Country
      Nutritionists. The mean body mass index was much higher for Western than East
      Asian samples. Macronutrient intakes differed markedly across these samples, with
      Western diet higher in total fat, saturated and trans fatty acids, and Keys
      dietary lipid score, lower in total carbohydrate and starch, higher in sugars.
      Based on extensive published data, it is a reasonable inference that this pattern
      relates to higher average levels of serum total cholesterol and higher mortality
      from coronary heart disease in Western than East Asian populations. The rural
      Chinese diet was lower in protein, especially animal protein, in calcium,
      phosphorus, selenium, and vitamin A. Dietary sodium was higher, potassium lower,
      hence Na/K ratio was higher in the Asian diet, especially for Chinese samples.
      This pattern is known to relate to risks of adverse blood pressure level and
      stroke. At the end of the 20th century, East Asian and Western diets remain
      significantly different in macro- and micronutrient composition. Both dietary
      patterns have aspects that can be regarded, respectively, as adverse and
      protective in relation to the major adult cardiovascular diseases. In both Asian
      and Western countries, public efforts should be targeted at overcoming adverse
      aspects and maintaining protective patterns for prevention and control of
      cardiovascular diseases.

PMID- 13679953
TI  - Differences in cardiovascular disease risk factors between Japanese in Japan and
      Japanese-Americans in Hawaii: the INTERLIPID study.
AB  - Despite increase in serum total cholesterol, high smoking rate, and frequency of
      adverse blood pressure levels in Japan, coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence
      and mortality apparently remain substantially lower at all ages in Japan than in
      the US and other Western societies. To better understand these differences, we
      compared CHD biomedical risk factors and dietary variables in Japanese living in
      Japan and 3rd and 4th generation Japanese emigrants living a primarily Western
      lifestyle in Hawaii, in an ancillary study of the INTERMAP. Men and women aged 40
      59 years were examined by common standardized methods-four samples in Japan (574
      men, 571 women) and a Japanese-American sample in Hawaii (136 men, 131 women).
      Average systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures were significantly
      higher in men in Japan than in Hawaii; there were no significant differences in
      women. The treatment rate of hypertension was much lower in Japan than Hawaii.
      Smoking prevalence was higher, markedly so for men, in Japan than Hawaii. Body
      mass index, serum total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HbA1c, and
      fibrinogen were significantly lower in Japan than in Hawaii; high-density
      lipoprotein cholesterol was higher in Japan. Total fat, saturated fatty acid
      intake, and Keys dietary lipid score were lower in Japan than in Hawaii.
      Polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio and omega-3 fatty acid intake were
      higher in Japan than in Hawaii. In conclusion, levels of several, especially
      lipid, CHD risk factors were generally lower in Japanese in Japan than in
      Japanese in Hawaii. These differences were smaller for women than men between
      Japan and Hawaii. They may partly explain lower CHD incidence and mortality in
      Japan than Western industrialized countries.

PMID- 13679954
TI  - Dietary intake in male and female smokers, ex-smokers, and never smokers: the
      INTERMAP study.
AB  - This report examines dietary intakes in smokers, ex-smokers, and never smokers in
      INTERMAP. The 4680 participants aged 40-59 years-from 17 population samples in
      four countries (China, Japan, UK, USA)-provided four 24-h recalls to assess
      nutrient intakes and two 24-h urine collections to assess excretion of urea,
      sodium (Na), potassium (K), etc. Compared to never smokers, current smokers
      generally consumed more energy from alcohol and saturated fats (SFA), less energy
      from vegetable protein and carbohydrates, less dietary fibre, vitamin E, beta
      carotene, vitamin C, thiamine, riboflavin, folate, vitamin B6, calcium, iron,
      phosphorus, magnesium (Mg), and K per 1000 kcal, excreted less K and urea (marker
      of dietary protein), had a lower ratio of polyunsaturated fat (PFA) to SFA
      intake, higher Keys dietary lipid score, and higher dietary and urinary Na/K.
      There were few differences between smokers and never smokers for total energy
      intake, energy from total and animal protein, monounsaturated fats, PFA, omega 3
      and omega 6 PFA, dietary cholesterol, total vitamin A, retinol, vitamin D,
      vitamin B12, and urinary and dietary Na. Compared to ex-smokers, smokers
      generally consumed less energy from vegetable protein, omega 3 PFA,
      carbohydrates, less dietary fibre, beta carotene, vitamin E, vitamin C, thiamine,
      riboflavin, folate, vitamin B6, iron, phosphorus, Mg, had lower PFA/SFA, and
      excreted less urea and K. In conclusion, INTERMAP results are consistent with
      other reports indicating that smokers have less healthful diets than nonsmokers.
      Public health interventions in smokers should focus not only on helping them to
      quit smoking but also on improving their diets to further reduce cancer and
      cardiovascular disease risks.

PMID- 13679955
TI  - Higher blood pressure in middle-aged American adults with less education-role of
      multiple dietary factors: the INTERMAP study.
AB  - Extensive evidence exists that an inverse relation between education and blood
      pressure prevails in many adult populations, but little research has been carried
      out on reasons for this finding. A prior goal of the INTERMAP Study was to
      investigate this phenomenon further, and to assess the role of dietary factors in
      accounting for it. Of the 4680 men and women aged 40-59 years, from 17 diverse
      population samples in Japan, People's Republic of China, UK, and USA, a strong
      significant inverse education-BP relation was manifest particularly for the 2195
      USA participants, independent of ethnicity. With participants stratified by years
      of education, and assessment of 100+ dietary variables from four 24-h dietary
      recalls and two 24-h urine collections/person, graded relationships were found
      between education and intake of many macro- and micronutrients, electrolytes,
      fibre, and body mass index (BMI). In multiple linear regression analyses with
      systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) of individuals the dependent variables
      (controlled for ethnicity, other possible nondietary confounders), BMI markedly
      reduced size of education-BP relations, more so for women than for men. Several
      nutrients considered singly further decreased size of this association by > or
      =10%: urinary 24-h Na and K excretion, Keys dietary lipid score, vegetable
      protein, fibre, vitamins C and B6, thiamin, riboflavin, folate, calcium,
      magnesium, and iron. Combinations of these dietary variables and BMI attenuated
      the education-SBP inverse coefficient by 54-58%, and the education-DBP inverse
      coefficient by 59-67%, with over half these effects attributable to specific
      nutrients (independent of BMI). As a result, the inverse education-BP
      coefficients ceased to be statistically significant. Multiple specific dietary
      factors together with body mass largely account for the more adverse BP levels of
      less educated than more educated Americans. Special efforts to improve eating
      patterns of less educated strata can contribute importantly to overcoming this
      and related health disparities in the population.

PMID- 13679958
TI  - [Food allergy in the XXI century].
AB  - Food allergy is a clinical state of high frequency and possible risk to life.
      This article reviews the foodstuffs most often responsible for serious reactions,
      including data from the Autonomous Community of Navarre. Given that dietetic
      elimination is the primordial long term treatment for food allergy, its
      difficulties, limitations and risks are analyzed. Finally, we set out the new
      perspectives offered by technology in the field of food allergy, both in the
      production of hypoallergens and in the development of new forms of immunotherapy.

PMID- 13679959
TI  - [Allergy to asparagus].
AB  - Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) is a widely grown vegetable; together with
      garlic, the onion and the leek, it belongs to the Liliaceae family. Both delayed
      cell-mediated reactions and IgE-mediated reactions secondary to asparagus have
      been described. While the former (allergic contact dermatitis) are a fairly
      common cause of occupational disease, only a few case-reports of IgE-mediated
      reactions have been published. IgE-mediated reactions can be further grouped into
      food allergy and reactions due to cutaneous or respiratory exposure, which is
      often occupational. Anaphylaxis is the most common clinical picture of food
      allergy, while contact urticaria, rhinitis and asthma, appearing either isolated
      or associated, are clinical pictures of the latter. Sensitization to different
      allergens is the likely cause of the different clinical pictures due to
      asparagus. Their detection and early diagnosis is of prime importance due to the
      different prognosis and treatment. In the present article we resume our
      experience over the last 5 years.

PMID- 13679960
TI  - [Allergy to Anisakis simplex].
AB  - Anisakis simplex is a parasite, belonging to the Anisakidae family. The life
      cycle of the parasite can include one or more intermediary hosts, their final
      hosts being marine mammals or large fish, in which the larvae develop until the
      adult stage is reached. Man is an accidental host who acquires the larvae by
      eating raw or undercooked fish. Since the mid-50s, when the first case studies
      were published in Holland and Japan, new cases have been emerging in different
      countries including Spain. Parasitization of man by the living larva is known as
      anisakiasis, principally giving rise to digestive symptomology, with other rare
      cases described of invasion of other organs such as the lung, the liver, the
      spleen, the pancreas, etc. Clinical pictures of allergy to IgE mediated anisakis
      simplex have also been described: reactions by thermostable antigens of the
      parasite that develop in spite of the fish being cooked or frozen, and an acute
      digestive parasitization with allergic symptoms called gastro-allergic
      anisakiasis. In the diagnosis of anisakiasis and/or allergy to Anisakis, the
      antecedent of the prior ingestion of fish as well as the clinical accompaniment
      can form basic data of considerable orientational value, and endoscopy can reveal
      the presence of the larvae and make possible their extraction. Besides, in cases
      of allergy the detection test for specific IgE facing Anisakis simplex, and
      cutaneous tests with fish should be carried out. The best treatment for avoiding
      this parasitization is prophylactic, avoiding the consumption of raw or
      undercooked fish, while a fish free diet is necessary in cases of true allergy to
      the thermostable proteins of the parasite.

PMID- 13679961
TI  - [Epicutaneous test with inhalers in the study of atopic dermatitis].
AB  - In some 80% of patients with atopic dermatitis, the presence of specific IgE is
      found when facing food or environmental allergens. It has also been demonstrated
      in a sub-group of patients with atopic dermatitis that the dermatitis lesions are
      exacerbated following the ingestion or inhalation of allergens, and that they
      improve with reduction of exposure to allergens. Although the prick method and
      the determination of specific IgE in serum are highly sensitive techniques,
      epicutaneous tests, applying the allergen directly to the skin, might be the
      ideal diagnostic method since they reproduce the characteristic inflammatory
      response of the disease on the affected organ itself, the skin. However, there is
      great variability in the results obtained through epicutaneous tests with
      aeroallergens, basically due to methodological differences, which are reviewed in
      this paper. Finally, we present the results of carrying out epicutaneous tests
      with inhalant allergens on our patients with atopic dermatitis and controls,
      where some 27% of positive patches were obtained, basically with acari, and in
      those patients with more severe dermatitis, without there being complete
      concordance with the prick technique. For this reason, the epicutaneous test
      appears to be a method of allergological diagnosis that might be useful and
      complementary to the routine techniques of the prick method and the determination
      of specific IgE in serum, but it is in need of suitable standardization.

PMID- 13679962
TI  - [Basophil activation test in the diagnosis of allergy to medicines].
AB  - In this paper we study the reliability of the basophil activation test (BAT) in
      the "in-vitro" diagnosis of allergy to betalactams and to metamizol, and the
      sensitivity and specificity of the technique are analyzed. To this end, we
      studied 58 patients allergic to betalactam antibiotics with a positive cutaneous
      test facing any derivative of penicillin and 30 healthy controls who tolerated
      betalactams, and 26 patients allergic to metamizol with an immediate reaction and
      30 healthy controls who tolerated the medicine. Sensitivity to BAT in allergy to
      betalactams was 52.8%, and specificity was 92.6%. For metamizol, sensitivity was
      42.3% and specificity was 100%. The positive predictive value of BAT in allergy
      to betalactams was 18.9% and the negative predictive value was 98.4%. For
      metamizol, the positive predictive value of the technique was 100% and the
      negative predictive value was 99.4%. The joint use of BAT and CAP (specific IgE)
      makes it possible to diagnose some 65% of patients allergic to betalactams. The
      combined use of cutaneous tests and BAT in allergy to metamizol detects 70% of
      the cases. BAT is a useful, non-invasive technique in the "in-vitro" diagnosis of
      allergy to betalactams and metamizol.

PMID- 13679963
TI  - [From rhinitis to asthma, one or two diseases?].
AB  - Rhinitis and asthma commonly coexist in allergic patients. This observation might
      be attributable to their coexistence in time, but it is also possible that both
      diseases are the opposite poles of a single disease affecting the respiratory
      system, or even an anomalous systemic immune response to the allergen. Nose-lung
      interactions have been widely studied from epidemiological, physiopathological,
      aetiological and pharmacological aspects. In the present article we review this
      topic and its main clinical implications.

PMID- 13679964
TI  - [New techniques in the study of asthma].
AB  - Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that is functionally
      characterized by variability of lung function and bronchial hyper-responsiveness.
      Its diagnosis and management is commonly hampered by the lack of objective
      parameters. This article reviews additional techniques for evaluating both, lung
      function (bronchial challenge with adenosin-monophosphate, lung resistance
      measurement by either the impulse oscillometry system or whole body
      pletismography) and bronchial immuno-inflammatory response (induced sputum,
      condensates of exhaled air, monitoring of nitric oxide in exhaled air), as well
      as our experience with them.

PMID- 13679965
TI  - [Asthma and allergy due to carmine dye].
AB  - Cochineal carmine, or simply carmine (E120), is a red colouring that is obtained
      from the dried bodies of the female insect Dactylopius coccus Costa (the
      cochineal insect). We have evaluated the prevalence of sensitization and asthma
      caused by carmine in a factory using natural colouring, following the diagnosis
      of two workers with occupational asthma. The accumulated incidence of
      sensitization and occupational asthma due to carmine in this factory are 48.1%
      and 18.5% respectively, figures that make the introduction of preventive measures
      obligatory. Occupational asthma caused by inhaling carmine should be considered
      as a further example of the capacity of certain protein particles of arthropods
      (in this case cochineal insects) to act as aeroallergens. Carmine should be added
      to the list of agents capable of producing occupational asthma, whose mechanism,
      according to our studies, would be immunological mediated by IgE antibodies in
      the face of diverse allergens of high molecular weight, which can vary from
      patient to patient. Nonetheless, given the existence of different components in
      carmine, it cannot be ruled out that substances of low molecular weight, such as
      carminic acid, might act as haptenes. Besides, since we are dealing with a
      colouring that is widely used as a food additive, as a pharmaceutical excipient
      and in the composition of numerous cosmetics, it is not surprising that allergic
      reactions can appear both through ingestion and through direct cutaneous contact.
      We find ourselves facing a new example of an allergen that can act through both
      inhalation and digestion, giving rise to an allergolical syndrome that can show
      itself clinically with expressions of both respiratory allergy and alimentary
      allergy.

PMID- 13679966
TI  - [Latex allergy. Clinical manifestations in the general population and reactivity
      crossed with foodstuffs].
AB  - Because of widespread latex manufacturing in the last decades, latex allergy has
      become an important clinical problem, not only in high-risk groups (health
      workers) but also among the general population. Latex is used to produce a large
      variety of natural rubber products (medical equipment, household gloves, condoms,
      balls and balloons, footwear, baby pacifiers...) employed in the ordinary life,
      with high risk for patients allergic to latex. Among general population, children
      affected by myelomeningocele or spina bifida, have a higher risk to develop latex
      allergy. Clinical manifestations range from local reactions(contact dermatitis,
      urticaria), rhino-conjunctivitis, asthma, pharyngeal edema to severe systemic
      reactions such anaphylactic shock. Furthermore, latex can crossreact with some
      plant foods, and patients suffering from latex allergy often associate food
      allergy.

PMID- 13679967
TI  - [Latex. An important aeroallergen involved in occupational asthma].
AB  - Latex has become one of the most frequent aetiological agents of occupational
      asthma in the last decade, especially amongst health personnel. The prevalence of
      occupational asthma due to latex in the different affected occupations varies
      between 2.5 and 10%, figures that give an idea of the magnitude of the problem.
      Latex proteins, absorbed in the dust of cornstarch, used as a lubricant, are
      responsible for asthma due to latex gloves. This cornstarch dust that covers the
      inside of the gloves acts as a vehicle for dispersing allergenic proteins. Latex
      aeroallergens are found in particles of different dimensions. The levels of latex
      aeroallergens in the environment capable of causing sensitization and of
      unleashing symptoms are not well defined. The determination of these levels of
      exposure to latex is complicated, since with latex one is dealing with a complex
      mixture of allergens with differing stability and bio-availability. The
      bioaerosol of latex is mainly produced by the active use of powdered gloves, but
      rugs or carpets and coverings act as important reservoirs of the allergen.
      Besides, the movement of people from areas with a high environmental
      concentration of latex constitutes an important means of dispersing the allergen,
      and probably ventilation systems as well. As in other cases of occupational
      asthma, diagnosis in many cases requires that a bronchial challenge be realized.
      The specific challenge tests through inhalation with latex have been carried out
      by different methods, which can be grouped by those that use an aqueous extract
      of latex and those that consist in handling or shaking gloves, which thus
      generate a dust aerosol. Each method has its advantages and drawbacks as
      described. Once the sensitized patient begins manifestations of the disease, his
      prognosis is poor if measures aimed at a maximum reduction of exposure to latex
      are not applied.

PMID- 13679968
TI  - [Perspectives in the treatment of allergy to latex: immunotherapy].
AB  - At present, allergy to latex is an important problem due to the severity of the
      symptomatology that it produces and the risk groups involved. Complete avoidance
      of latex is practically impossible, which is why in recent years there has been
      intense work on standardizing an extract in order not only to improve its
      clinical diagnosis but also to be able to offer a therapeutic alternative other
      than avoidance, such as immunotherapy. Since 1998, timely approaches to
      immunotherapy with latex have been published, with oral desensitization (three
      patients), subcutaneous (one patient) and sublingual (one patient). In every case
      there was an evident clinical improvement. At present, subcutaneous immunotherapy
      with latex, although efficient, is a high risk treatment. Sublingual
      immunotherapy with latex has recently been commercialized in Spain and we know of
      its efficacy through the results of an open test on 26 adult patients. The safety
      expectations are shown to be better than those for subcutaneous immunotherapy.

PMID- 13679969
TI  - [Anaphylaxis].
AB  - Anaphylaxis is a potentially mortal, underdiagnosed clinical picture. The most
      frequent triggering agents are drugs and foodstuffs. The first therapeutic
      option, adrenaline, although clearly indicated, is not carried out with the
      desired frequency due basically to the high number of cases of anaphylaxis that
      are not diagnosed as such. In patients with a first episode of anaphylaxis,
      posterior aetiological diagnosis is crucial to avoid the appearance of new
      episodes. The only case of anaphylaxis in which immunotherapy with the allergen
      must be evaluated, is that in which the causal agent is the poison of
      hymenopters.

PMID- 13679970
TI  - [Local immunotherapy].
AB  - Specific immunotherapy, together with avoidance of the allergen and symptomatic
      treatment, forms part of the treatment of allergic pathology. The oldest, best
      known and most studied form is subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT), whose efficacy,
      both in the short and the long term, has been widely demonstrated in numerous
      studies. However, in spite of having been shown to be safe, it is not free of
      adverse effects and must be administered under the supervision of medical
      personnel. This has encouraged the search for new ways of administration of
      similar efficacy, with a good safety profile and good adherence on the patient's
      side. Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is the most relevant of the different
      alternatives studied. In this alternative the antigen is administered in the form
      of drops under the tongue. There are different dosages of administration
      depending on the allergen involved. The optimum treatment dose has still to be
      determined, at present a wide range of dosages are found in comparison with
      subcutaneous immunotherapy. Its mechanism of action is little known although
      immunological changes have been observed in different studies. SLIT has shown a
      good safety profile with scarce secondary effects, normally of a local character.
      Similarly, different clinical tests have been carried out in which its efficacy
      has been shown in the treatment of respiratory allergy both in children and in
      adults. For this reason, although there are still unresolved data concerning this
      way of administering the immunotherapy, it has been proposed by the WHO as a
      valid alternative to SCIT.

PMID- 13679971
TI  - [Immunotherapy with grouped doses].
AB  - Once the efficacy and safety of immunotherapy with allergen extracts has been
      shown, recently it has become evident the need for perfecting those aspects of
      the treatment that can be improved, such as its dosage form. The conventional
      dosage of subcutaneous immunotherapy in the phase of dose increase is slow in
      reaching an efficient level. For this reason other alternative dosages to the
      conventional one have been tried out, such as grouped dosages, which shorten this
      period of dose increase. On condition that the safety of the treatment is
      guaranteed, these doses offer the advantages of reducing the economic cost and
      the time involved, of reducing the discomfort of the treatment and of improving
      the patient's adherence to the treatment, and possibly of reaching clinical
      efficacy more rapidly. Nonetheless, it is not easy to determine the suitable
      dosage of administration (the shortest and with the least number of adverse
      reactions) and this article reviews the existing problems when it comes to
      designing these grouped doses. Finally, we present the results of a comparative
      study between the conventional dose and a grouped dose, with a double blind
      design, carried out by us, which shows that the grouped dose is quicker in
      achieving the desired clinical efficacy, shortens the times of reduction of
      cutaneous sensitivity to the allergen and of modification of the immunological
      parameters, all with a low frequency of adverse reactions that is similar to that
      registered with the conventional dosage.

PMID- 13679972
TI  - [Treatment of allergy to mushrooms].
AB  - The treatment of patients with respiratory allergy is based on environmental
      control measures, pharmacological and immunotherapy treatment. The third cause of
      allergic respiratory disease in our environment is mushrooms, the most frequently
      involved being the Alternaria class. However, due to the great difficulties in
      their diagnosis and specific treatment, there are few controlled studies on
      immunotherapy with mushroom extracts. A clinical test was carried out with a
      suitable, biologically standardized extract for the diagnosis and treatment of
      patients allergic to Alternaria. A second phase determined the maximum tolerated
      dosage of this extract administered through immunotherapy, in depot preparation
      and in conventional dosage, which was 0.1 mg/ml of Alt a I. This dosage was
      established as the maintenance dosage in the following phase (double blind test
      controlled with placebo), in which the efficacy and safety of the immunotherapy
      with this extract was determined, administered in immunotherapy to the mentioned
      maintenance dosage, to 28 patients with rhinitis and/or asthma due to allergy to
      Alternaria. All the patients reached the pre-established maintenance dosage of
      1670 BSU. The treatment proved efficient, producing an improvement in the
      symptoms, respiratory function, subjective evaluation of patient and doctor, and
      severity of the disease. The immunological response supported the clinical
      efficacy, with an increase in the IgG and a fall in the IgE over the course of
      the study. Tolerance to the treatment was excellent, with only two light systemic
      reactions registered in the 711 dosages administered (0.28% reactions/dosages
      administered).

PMID- 13679973
TI  - [Inhalation techniques in the treatment of asthma].
AB  - In the pharmacological treatment of asthma, the most suitable way is by
      inhalation, since this enables us to achieve a greater concentration of medicine
      in the affected organ than systemic medication, and besides the latter's
      secondary effects are minimized. The suitable use of inhalers and hence their
      efficacy depends on very different factors. Some of those of a merely technical
      kind are as follows: A suitable volume of inhalation. The rhythm of inhalation.
      The length of the inspiratory apnea following administration of the medicine. The
      coordination between the inspiration of the aerosol and activation of the device,
      in the case of the metered dose inhaler (MDI). One of the reasons for the
      incorrect use of MDI aerosols is the lack of coordination between activation of
      the device and inspiration. This has led to the design of different devices that
      avoid the need for this coordination, such as: inhalation chambers and devices
      for inhaling dry dust. It has also been suggested in the literature that the
      causes of these mistakes are to be found in the health professionals not knowing,
      or not suitably teaching the patients how to handle the devices. In spite of
      being designed to facilitate correct administration, suitable knowledge of the
      technique of their use by the patient is required.

PMID- 13679974
TI  - [Associations of allergic and asthmatic patients in Europe].
AB  - Patients' associations are NGOs that emerge as a result of the needs of patients
      with chronic diseases that cannot be solved in the doctor's surgery. At the
      start, the role of the health personnel, in guiding and collaborating with them,
      was fundamental, and their aims and interests coincided to a high degree. Their
      healthy operation favored both the patients and, indirectly, the health
      professionals related to them. However, we must bear in mind that those interests
      are not identical and, on occasion, can be clearly divergent. This is why the
      independence of these associations cannot be renounced upon, and they are managed
      according to the growth in their size and social influence.

PMID- 13679975
TI  - Medicago truncatula EST-SSRs reveal cross-species genetic markers for Medicago
      spp.
AB  - Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) are important resources for gene discovery and
      molecular marker development. From over 147,000 ESTs of Medicago truncatula, we
      have identified 4,384 ESTs containing perfect simple sequence repeats (EST-SSR)
      of di-, tri-, tetra- or pentanucleotides. Six hundred sixteen primer pairs (PPs)
      were designed and screened over a panel of eight genotypes representing six
      Medicago spp. and subspecies. Nearly, 74% (455) of the PPs produced
      characteristic SSR bands of expected size length in at least one Medicago
      species. Four hundred six (89%) of these 455 PPs produced SSR bands in all eight
      genotypes tested. Only 17 PPs were M. truncatula -specific. High levels of
      polymorphism (>70%) were detected for these markers in alfalfa, M. truncatula,
      and other annual medics. About 48% of the reported markers are part of gene
      transcripts linked to putative functions. Our results indicate that the SSR
      markers developed from M. truncatula ESTs are valuable genetic markers for the
      Medicago genus. These markers will be useful in establishing the genomic
      relationships of M. truncatula to important forage legume crops such as alfalfa
      and other annual medics.

PMID- 13679976
TI  - Narrowing down the region of the Vf locus for scab resistance in apple using AFLP
      derived SCARs.
AB  - A narrow-down strategy to restrict the Vf region, which controls resistance to
      the fungal disease apple scab in apple, to a genetic distance of 0.4 cM is
      presented. Using 11 AFLP-derived SCARs and three RAPD-derived SCARs, all linked
      to the Vf gene, we subjected 1,412 scab-resistant individuals from 16 mapping
      populations to genotype analysis. Eleven recombinant individuals were identified
      within a genetic distance of 0.9 cM around the Vf gene. Using these 11
      recombinants, we achieved fine-resolution of several AFLP-derived SCAR markers
      surrounding the Vf gene, resulting in the following genetic linkage map: ACS-6
      and ACS are located left of the Vf gene at genetic distances of 0.2 cM and 0.1
      cM, respectively; ACS-7 and ACS-9 are inseparable from the Vf gene; ACS-8, ACS
      10, and ACS-4 are located to the right of the Vf gene at genetic distances of 0.1
      cM, 0.4 cM, and 0.5 cM, respectively; the remaining five SCARs-ACS-11, ACS-5, ACS
      2, ACS-1, and AL07-are inseparable and are located right of the Vf gene at a
      genetic distance of 0.7 cM. By integrating this linkage data with our previous
      physical map, we generated a revised map of the narrowed-down region of Vf.

PMID- 13679977
TI  - Identification and mapping of genetic loci affecting the free-threshing habit and
      spike compactness in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.).
AB  - Recombinant inbred lines of the International Triticeae Mapping Initiative (ITMI)
      mapping population were used to localize genetic loci that affect traits related
      to the free-threshing habit (percent threshability, glume tenacity, and spike
      fragility) and to spike morphology (spike length, spikelet number, and spike
      compactness) of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). The ITMI population was planted in
      three environments during 1999 and 2000, and phenotypic and genotypic data were
      used for composite interval mapping. Two quantitative trait loci (QTL) that
      consistently affected threshability-associated traits were localized on
      chromosomes 2D and 5A. Coincident QTL on the short arm of 2D explained 44% of the
      variation in threshability, 17% of the variation in glume tenacity, and 42% of
      the variation in rachis fragility. QTL on chromosomes 2D probably represent the
      effect of Tg, a gene for tenacious glumes. Coincident QTL on the long arm of 5A
      explained 21% and 10% of the variation in glume tenacity and rachis fragility,
      respectively. QTL on 5A are believed to represent the effect of Q. Overall, free
      threshing-related characteristics were predominantly affected by Tg and to a
      lesser extent by Q. Other QTL that were significantly associated with
      threshability-related traits in at least one environment were localized on
      chromosomes 2A, 2B, 6A, 6D, and 7B. Four QTL on chromosomes 1B, 4A, 6A, and 7A
      consistently affected spike characteristics. Coincident QTL on the short arm of
      chromosome 1B explained 18% and 7% of the variation in spike length and spike
      compactness, respectively. QTL on the long arm of 4A explained 11%, 14%, and 12%
      of the variation in spike length, spike compactness, and spikelet number,
      respectively. A QTL on the short arm of 6A explained 27% of the phenotypic
      variance for spike compactness, while a QTL on the long arm of 7A explained 18%
      of the variation in spikelet number. QTL on chromosomes 1B and 6A appear to
      affect spike dimensions by modulating rachis internode length, while QTL on
      chromosomes 4A and 7A do so by affecting the formation of spikelets. Other QTL
      that were significantly associated with spike morphology-related traits, in at
      least one environment, were localized on chromosomes 2B, 3A, 3D, 4D, and 5A.

PMID- 13679978
TI  - Molecular characterization of Buffalograss germplasm using sequence-related
      amplified polymorphism markers.
AB  - Buffalograss [ Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Englem] germplasm has a broad resource
      of genetic diversity that can be used for turfgrass, forage and conservation.
      Buffalograss is the only native grass that is presently used as a turfgrass in
      the Great Plains region of North America. Its low growth habit, drought tolerance
      and reduced requirement for fertilizer and pesticides contribute to interest in
      its use. The objectives of this study were to use sequence-related amplified
      polymorphism (SRAP) markers in the evaluation of genetic diversity and phenetic
      relationships in a diverse collection of 53 buffalograss germplasms, and to
      identify buffalograss ploidy levels using flow cytometry. Based on their DNA
      contents, buffalograss genotypes were grouped into four sets, corresponding to
      their ploidy levels. Thirty-four SRAP primer combinations were used. This is the
      first report of the detection of differentiating diploid, tetraploid, pentaploid
      and hexaploid buffalograss genotypes, representing diverse locations of origin,
      using SRAP markers. Cluster analysis by the unweighted pair-group method with
      arithmetic averages based on genetic similarity matrices indicated that there
      were eight clusters. The coefficients of genetic distance among the genotypes
      ranged from 0.33 up to 0.99 and averaged D=0.66. The genetic diversity estimate,
      He, averaged 0.35. These results demonstrated that genotypes with potential
      traits for turfgrass improvement could readily be distinguished, based on SRAP.
      The use of PCR-based technologies such as SRAP is an effective tool for
      estimating genetic diversity, identifying unique genotypes as new sources of
      alleles for enhancing turf characteristics, and for analyzing the evolutionary
      and historical development of cultivars at the genomic level in a buffalograss
      breeding program.

PMID- 13679979
TI  - An AFLP-based genome-wide mapping strategy.
AB  - To efficiently determine the chromosomal location of phenotypic mutants, we
      designed a genome-wide mapping strategy that can be used in any crop for which a
      dense AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) map is available or can be
      made. The AFLP technique is particularly suitable to initiate map-based cloning
      projects because it detects many markers per reaction. First a standard set of
      AFLP primer combinations that results in a framework of AFLP markers well
      dispersed over the genome is selected. These primer combinations are applied to a
      limited number of mutant individuals from a segregating population to register
      linkage and non-linkage of the AFLP markers to the gene-of-interest. Further
      delineation of the area of interest is accomplished by analyzing the remaining
      recombinants and additional mutant individuals with AFLP markers that lie within
      the identified region. We illustrate the usefulness of the method by mapping
      three rotunda ( ron) leaf-form mutant loci of Arabidopsis thaliana and show that
      in the initial phase of map-based cloning projects a 400-600 kb interval can be
      identified for the average mutant locus within a few weeks. Once such an area is
      identified and before initiating the more time-consuming fine-mapping procedure,
      it is essential to examine publicly available databases for candidate genes and
      known mutants in the identified region. The 390-kb interval on chromosome 4 that
      harbors the ron2 mutation, also carries a known flower mutant, leunig ( lug);
      upon crossing, the two mutants appeared to be allelic. When no such candidates
      are found, the mapping procedure should be continued. We present a strategy to
      efficiently select recombinants that can be used for fine mapping.

PMID- 13679980
TI  - Sex-specific SCAR markers in the dioecious plant Rumex nivalis (Polygonaceae) and
      implications for the evolution of sex chromosomes.
AB  - We developed SCAR primers based on isolated and sequenced male-specific fragments
      as identified in an AFLP analysis of the dioecious plant Rumex nivalis. PCR
      amplification using these primers on females and males resulted in fragments
      exclusively present in males. Co-amplification of the nuclear rDNA internal
      transcribed spacer 2 together with the male-specific fragment was applied as an
      internal control for successful PCR reactions to avoid false-negative sex
      scoring. With a length of about 164 bp, the AFLP fragment was of a similar size
      as the tandemly arranged, repetitive sequences of 180 bp located on the Y
      chromosomes of Rumex acetosa. The genetic distances between the Y-chromosomal
      sequences of R. nivalis and R. acetosa, both members of the section Acetosa, were
      substantial. We found intra-individual divergence among cloned sequences of the
      male-specific fragment in R. nivalis. The patterns of interspecific and intra
      individual sequence variation found are in accordance with proposed modes of the
      evolution of sex chromosomes. Y chromosomes possibly arose only once in the genus
      Rumex and consist mainly of heterochromatic DNA. Due to the almost complete
      absence of selection on them, Y chromosomes are likely to accumulate large
      numbers of mutations.

PMID- 13679981
TI  - A fluorogenic 5' nuclease (TaqMan) assay to assess dosage of a marker tightly
      linked to red skin color in autotetraploid potato.
AB  - We have recently identified an allele of dihydroflavonol 4-reductase ( dfr) that
      cosegregates with the ability of potato ( Solanum tuberosum L) to produce red
      pelargonidin-based anthocyanin pigments. A rapid assay to assess dosage of this
      allele in cultivated potato, an autotetraploid, would be useful for breeding
      programs that develop red-skinned cultivars. To identify regions of dfr that are
      conserved between alleles, as well as regions that are variable, a portion of the
      gene was sequenced from several cultivated and wild potato clones. In one region
      the sequence of the 'red' dfr allele differed at two nucleotide positions from
      the three other sequence classes observed. A fluorogenic oligonucleotide probe
      labeled with 6-FAM was designed to anneal specifically to the red allele in this
      region, while a second probe labeled with VIC was designed to anneal to the 'not
      red' dfr alleles. PCR primers that annealed to conserved sequences flanking the
      variable region were also developed. When subjected to a fluorogenic 5' nuclease
      (TaqMan) allelic discrimination assay all diploid clones tested clustered into
      three distinct groups based on the relative amounts of FAM and VIC released.
      These three groups represented clones homozygous for the red allele, heterozygous
      for the red allele, and homozygous for the not-red allele(s). When tetraploid
      clones were tested they separated into five distinct clusters, three of which
      were shared with diploid clones. The five clusters were interpreted to represent
      clones quadruplex, triplex, duplex, simplex and nulliplex for the red dfr allele.
      This interpretation was supported by monitoring the segregation of red allele
      dosage in several tetraploid crosses. To the best of our knowledge this is the
      first report of a fluorogenic 5' nuclease assay being used for allelic
      discrimination in an autopolyploid.

PMID- 13679982
TI  - Evidence on the evolution of polymorphism of microsatellite markers in varieties
      of Vitis vinifera L.
AB  - This paper contributes a description of four mutations in microsatellite allele
      length found within strains of each of the varieties known as Muscat d'Alsace,
      Greco di Tufo, Primitivo and Corvina veronese: the comparison of microsatellite
      sequences of wild and mutated strains showed in all cases an increase of one or
      more repeats of the core GA sequence. Whereas studies on animals reported
      mutations which originated in gametes, in grapevines somatic cell-mutations take
      place and are eventually fixed and transmitted to new individuals through
      vegetative propagation. The mutations detected in 1998 were found again 3 years
      later in seven out of eight plants. A chimeric situation was clearly noted and
      resolved in three of the four cases described. Considerations about the genesis
      of microsatellite alleles and the reliability of fingerprinting with these
      markers are provided.

PMID- 13679983
TI  - QTL for relative water content in field-grown barley and their stability across
      Mediterranean environments.
AB  - A quantitative genetics approach was developed to identify the genomic regions
      that control relative water content (RWC) in field-grown barley. The trait was
      previously demonstrated to be a relevant screening tool of drought-tolerance in
      cereals, as well as a good indicator of plant water-status. The trait was
      measured at the heading stage on flag leaves recorded from 167 recombinant inbred
      lines grown in several Mediterranean sites (Montpellier, France; Meknes, Morocco;
      Le Kef, Tunisia). The results obtained confirmed that several genomic regions are
      implicated in the total phenotypic variation of RWC. A total of nine chromosomal
      regions were identified. One region situated on the long arm of chromosome 6H
      contains the most-consistent QTL obtained in the present study. This region was
      previously identified as controlling RWC, as well as leaf osmotic potential under
      water stress and osmotic adjustment, from an experiment conducted in growth
      chamber conditions with the same genetic background. The confirmation of the role
      of this region in the genetic control of water and turgor status underlined its
      interest for breeding purposes in the Mediterranean area. In addition, the
      presence of several dehydrin loci in the same chromosomal area reinforce its
      interest for genomics analyses to confirm, or not to confirm, the implication of
      these genes in the variation of RWC.

PMID- 13679984
TI  - First RFLP linkage map of red clover ( Trifolium pratense L.) based on cDNA
      probes and its transferability to other red clover germplasm.
AB  - We constructed a genetic linkage map of red clover ( Trifolium pratense L., 2n=2
      x=14) using RFLP markers from cDNA probes of a backcrossed mapping population,
      and investigated the transferability of the markers to other red clover
      germplasm. The map contains 157 RFLP markers and one morphological marker on
      seven linkage groups. The total map distance was 535.7 cM and the average
      distance between two markers was 3.4 cM. All of the cDNA probes of the map were
      hybridized to the fragments of genomic DNA from 12 plants derived from three
      varieties, and 87% of the cDNA probes detected polymorphic bands that
      corresponded to those of mapping parents. This result indicated that RFLP markers
      on the present map were transferable to the genome analysis of other red clover
      germplasm. This is the first report to construct a linkage map of Trifolium
      species; it should provide fundamental and useful genetic information relevant to
      the breeding of red clover and genus Trifolium.

PMID- 13679985
TI  - Chromosome mapping and identification of amphiphilic proteins of hexaploid wheat
      kernels.
AB  - Amphiphilic proteomic analysis was carried out on the ITMI (International
      Triticae Mapping Population) population resulting from a cross between
      "Synthetic", i.e.: "W7984" and "Opata". Out of a total of 446 spots, 170 were
      specific to either of the two parents, and 276 were common to both. Preliminary
      analysis, which was performed on 80 progenies (Amiour et al. 2002a), was
      completed here using a total of 101 selfed lines. Seventy two Loci of amphiphilic
      spots placed at LOD = 5 were conclusively assigned to 15 chromosomes. Some spots
      mapped during the first analysis were eliminated because of the significant
      distortion segregation observed in the second analysis. Group-1 chromosomes had
      by far the greatest number of mapped spots (51). Using the Quantitative Trait
      Loci (QTLs) approach, analysis of the quantitative variation of each spot
      revealed that 96 spots out of the 170 specific ones showed at least one Protein
      Quantity Locus (PQL). These PQLs were distributed throughout the genome. With
      Matrix Laser Desorption Ionisation Time Of Flight (MALDI-TOF) spectrometry and
      Database interrogation, a total of 93 specific and 41 common spots were
      identified. This enabled us to show that the majority of these proteins are
      associated with membranes and/or play a role in plant defence against external
      invasions. Using multiple-regression analysis, other amphiphilic proteins, in
      addition to puroindolines, were shown to be involved in variation in kernel
      hardness in the ITMI population.

PMID- 13679986
TI  - Cloning and characterization of receptor kinase class disease resistance gene
      candidates in Citrus.
AB  - The rice gene Xa21 represents a unique class of plant disease resistance ( R)
      genes with distinct protein structure and broad-spectrum specificity; few
      sequences or genes of this class have been cloned and characterized in other
      plant species. Degenerate primers were designed from the conserved motifs in the
      kinase domains of Xa21 and tomato Pto, and used in PCR amplification to identify
      this class of resistance gene candidate (RGC) sequences from citrus for future
      evaluation of possible association with citrus canker resistance. Twenty-nine RGC
      sequences highly similar to the kinase domain of Xa21 (55%-60% amino-acid
      identity) were cloned and characterized. To facilitate recovery of full-length
      gene structures and to overcome RGC mapping limitations, large-insert genomic
      clones (BACs) were identified, fingerprinted and assembled into contigs. Southern
      hybridization revealed the presence of 1-3 copies of receptor-like kinase
      sequences (i.e., clustering) in each BAC. Some of these sequences were sampled by
      PCR amplification and direct sequencing. Twenty-three sequences were thus
      obtained and classified into five groups and eight subgroups, which indicates the
      possibility of enhancing RGC sequence diversity from BACs. A primer-walking
      strategy was employed to derive full-length gene structures from two BAC clones;
      both sequences 17o6RLK and 26m19RLK contained all the features of the rice Xa21
      protein, including a signal peptide, the same number of leucine-rich-repeats, and
      transmembrane and kinase domains. These results demonstrate that PCR
      amplification with appropriately designed degenerate primers is an efficient
      approach for cloning receptor-like kinase class RGCs. Utilization of BAC clones
      can facilitate this approach in multiple ways by improving sequence diversity,
      providing full-length genes, and assisting in understanding gene structures and
      distribution.

PMID- 13679987
TI  - Identification of QTLs related to cocoa resistance to three species of
      Phytophthora.
AB  - This study aimed to compare the genetic control of cacao resistance to three
      species of Phytophthora: Phytophthora palmivora, Phytophthora megakarya and
      Phytophthora capsici. The study was conducted on 151 hybrid progenies created in
      Cote d'Ivoire and grown in a green-house in Montpellier. Phytophthora resistance
      was screened by leaf-test inoculation with two different strains per species.
      Selection of the best individuals for resistance to P. palmivora at a 10%
      selection rate, would lead to a genetic progress of 47% in the disease evaluation
      for this species and a genetic progress of 42% and 21% for the two other species.
      A genetic map with a total length of 682 cM was built with 213 markers, 190 AFLPs
      and 23 microsatellites. QTLs were identified using composite interval mapping.
      QTLs were found located in six genomic regions. One of these was detected with
      five strains belonging to the three Phytophthora species. Two other regions were
      detected with two or three strains of two different species. Three additional
      QTLs were detected for only one species of Phytophthora. Each QTL explained
      between 8 to 12% of the phenotypic variation. For each strain, between 11.5% to
      27.5% of the total phenotypic variation could be explained by the QTLs
      identified. The identification of multiple QTLs involved in resistance to
      Phytophthora offers the possibility to improve durability of resistance in cocoa
      by a possible cumulation of many different resistance genes located in different
      chromosome regions using marker-aided selection.

PMID- 13679988
TI  - Molecular mapping of capsaicinoid biosynthesis genes and quantitative trait loci
      analysis for capsaicinoid content in Capsicum.
AB  - Quantitative variation in the accumulation of two major capsaicinoids responsible
      for pungency in the fruit of chile peppers, capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin, was
      analyzed in a cross between the non-pungent Capsicum annuum parent cv. Maor and a
      pungent Capsicum frutescens parent, accession BG 2816. In order to identify
      quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for capsaicinoid content, we employed the bulked
      segregant analysis method and screened bulked DNA from F2 individuals at the
      extremes of the distribution of capsaicinoid content with RAPD primers. Screening
      with 400 primers allowed the identification of three loci that were polymorphic
      between the bulks. These RAPD markers were converted to SCARs and subsequently
      mapped with additional RFLP markers to chromosome 7 of pepper. QTL interval
      analysis for individual and total capsaicinoid content identified a major QTL,
      termed cap, which explained 34-38% of the phenotypic variation for this trait in
      two growing environments. For all measurements, the allele of the pungent parent
      BG 2816 at cap contributed to the increased level of pungency. To determine
      whether known structural genes in the pathway could define a candidate for this
      QTL, 12 clones obtained from differentially expressed transcripts from placental
      tissue in pungent peppers were also mapped. None of them had a significant effect
      on this trait, nor did the allelic state at the locus C, the on/off switch for
      pungency in pepper, located on chromosome 2. The identity of cap and its effect
      on capsaicin content in other backgrounds will be addressed in future studies.

PMID- 13679989
TI  - Assessment of cytochrome P450 sequences offers a useful tool for determining
      genetic diversity in higher plant species.
AB  - To investigate and develop new genetic tools for assessing genome-wide diversity
      in higher plant-species, polymorphisms of gene analogues of mammalian cytochrome
      P450 mono-oxygenases were studied. Data mining on Arabidopsis thaliana indicated
      that a small number of primer-sets derived from P450 genes could provide
      universal tools for the assessment of genome-wide genetic diversity in diverse
      plant species that do not have relevant genetic markers, or for which, there is
      no prior inheritance knowledge of inheritance traits. Results from PCR
      amplification of 51 plant species from 28 taxonomic families using P450 gene
      primer sets suggested that there were at least several mammalian P450 gene
      mammalian-analogues in plants. Intra- and inter- specific variations were
      demonstrated following PCR amplifications of P450 analogue fragments, and this
      suggested that these would be effective genetic markers for the assessment of
      genetic diversity in plants. In addition, BLAST search analysis revealed that
      these amplified fragments possessed homologies to other genes and proteins in
      different plant varieties. We conclude that the sequence diversity of P450 gene
      analogues in different plant species reflects the diversity of functional regions
      in the plant genome and is therefore an effective tool in functional genomic
      studies of plants.

PMID- 13679990
TI  - Molecular diversity and multilocus organization of the parental lines used in the
      International Rice Molecular Breeding Program.
AB  - One hundred and ninety three parental lines obtained from 26 countries for an
      international rice molecular breeding program were evaluated using 101 well
      distributed simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. An overall genetic diversity of
      0.68 and an average of 6.3 alleles per locus were revealed, indicating a high
      level of genetic variation in these lines. Cluster analysis of the 193 accessions
      showed three major groups and nine subgroups. Group I corresponded to the
      classical indica subspecies, whereas groups II and III belong to the japonica
      subspecies. Indica and japonica differentiation accounted for only 6.5% of the
      total variation in the entire sample and 93.5% was due to within-subspecies
      diversity. Differentiation among eco-geographic regions accounted for 24% of the
      diversity within the subspecies. Larger amounts of the eco-geographical
      differentiation were resolved within japonica than within indica. The largest
      indica-japonica differentiation based on the single locus level was detected by
      markers on chromosomes 9 and 12, while the smallest differentiation was detected
      by markers on chromosomes 4 and 8. Furthermore, genetic differences at the single
      locus and two-locus levels, as well as components due to allelic and gametic
      differentiation, were revealed between indica and japonica and among the main
      geographic regions. The multilocus analysis in genetic diversity showed a higher
      proportion of variation caused by predominant non-random associations of
      different loci within and among the classified subspecies and geographic
      subdivisions. The results suggest that selection for eco-geographical adaptation
      on multilocus associations was largely responsible for the maintenance of the
      extensive variation in the primary gene pool of rice.

PMID- 13679991
TI  - Additive transgene expression and genetic introgression in multiple green
      fluorescent protein transgenic crop x weed hybrid generations.
AB  - The level of transgene expression in crop x weed hybrids and the degree to which
      crop-specific genes are integrated into hybrid populations are important factors
      in assessing the potential ecological and agricultural risks of gene flow
      associated with genetic engineering. The average transgene zygosity and genetic
      structure of transgenic hybrid populations change with the progression of
      generations, and the green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgene is an ideal marker
      to quantify transgene expression in advancing populations. The homozygous T(1)
      single-locus insert GFP/ Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) transgenic canola ( Brassica
      napus, cv Westar) with two copies of the transgene fluoresced twice as much as
      hemizygous individuals with only one copy of the transgene. These data indicate
      that the expression of the GFP gene was additive, and fluorescence could be used
      to determine zygosity status. Several hybrid generations (BC(1)F(1), BC(2)F(1))
      were produced by backcrossing various GFP/Bt transgenic canola ( B. napus, cv
      Westar) and birdseed rape ( Brassica rapa) hybrid generations onto B. rapa.
      Intercrossed generations (BC(2)F(2) Bulk) were generated by crossing BC(2)F(1)
      individuals in the presence of a pollinating insect ( Musca domestica L.). The
      ploidy of plants in the BC(2)F(2) Bulk hybrid generation was identical to the
      weedy parental species, B. rapa. AFLP analysis was used to quantify the degree of
      B. napus introgression into multiple backcross hybrid generations with B. rapa.
      The F(1) hybrid generations contained 95-97% of the B. napus-specific AFLP
      markers, and each successive backcross generation demonstrated a reduction of
      markers resulting in the 15-29% presence in the BC(2)F(2) Bulk population.
      Average fluorescence of each successive hybrid generation was analyzed, and
      homozygous canola lines and hybrid populations that contained individuals
      homozygous for GFP (BC(2)F(2) Bulk) demonstrated significantly higher
      fluorescence than hemizygous hybrid generations (F(1), BC(1)F(1) and BC(2)F(1)).
      These data demonstrate that the formation of homozygous individuals within hybrid
      populations increases the average level of transgene expression as generations
      progress. This phenomenon must be considered in the development of risk
      management strategies.

PMID- 13679992
TI  - Molecular discrimination of Bx7 alleles demonstrates that a highly expressed high
      molecular-weight glutenin allele has a major impact on wheat flour dough
      strength.
AB  - High-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) are important determinants of
      wheat dough quality as they confer visco-elastic properties to the dough required
      for mixing and baking performance. With this important role, the HMW-GS alleles
      are key markers in breeding programs. In this work, we present the use of a PCR
      marker initially designed to discriminate Glu1 Bx7 and Glu1 Bx17 HMW-GS. It was
      discovered that this marker also differentiated two alleles, originally both
      scored as Glu1 Bx7, present in the wheat lines CD87 and Katepwa respectively, by
      a size polymorphism of 18 bp. The marker was scored across a segregating doubled
      haploid (DH) population (CD87 x Katepwa) containing 156 individual lines and
      grown at two sites. Within this population, the marker differentiated lines
      showing the over-expression of the Glu1 Bx7 subunit (indicated by the larger PCR
      fragment), derived from the CD87 parent, relative to lines showing the normal
      expression of the Glu1 Bx7 subunit, derived from the Katepwa parent. DNA sequence
      analysis showed that the observed size polymorphism was due to an 18 bp
      insertion/deletion event at the C-terminal end of the central repetitive domain
      of the Glu1 Bx 7 coding sequence, which resulted in an extra copy of the
      hexapeptide sequence QPGQGQ in the deduced amino-acid sequence of Bx7 from CD87.
      When the DH population was analysed using this novel Bx7 PCR marker, SDS PAGE and
      RP HPLC, there was perfect correlation between the Bx7 PCR marker results and the
      expression level of Bx7. This differentiation of the population was confirmed by
      both SDS-PAGE and RP-HPLC. The functional significance of this marker was
      assessed by measuring key dough properties of the 156 DH lines. A strong
      association was shown between lines with an over expression of Bx7 and high dough
      strength. Furthermore, the data demonstrated that there was an additional impact
      of Glu-D1 alleles on dough properties, with lines containing both over-expressed
      Bx7 and Glu-D1 5+10 having the highest levels of dough strength. However, there
      was no statistically significant epistatic interaction between Glu-B1 and Glu-D1
      loci.

PMID- 13679993
TI  - Evidence of a secondary grapevine domestication centre detected by SSR analysis.
AB  - The origin of the grapevine was investigated with archaeobotanical, cultural and
      historical data. A primary domestication centre was located in the Near East
      region but there is no agreement on the existence or role of secondary
      domestication centres. In this work, PCR-based microsatellite analysis has been
      applied to study the origin of some Italian cultivated grapevines from in situ
      direct domestication of the wild autoctonous grapevine. Three different Italian
      locations in Grosseto, Cosenza and Nuoro were identified for this study, and
      domesticated grapevine as well as wild local accessions growing in these
      location, were analysed by SSR markers. Cluster analysis performed on Cosenza and
      Grosseto samples showed a high value of genetic distance between domesticated and
      wild accessions. On the contrary two cultivars (Bovale Murru and Bovale
      Muristellu) recovered in Nuoro (in the Sardinia island) were very close to some
      wild varieties. This suggests that the latter two cultivars may have originated
      from wild grapevines and consequently that in this location a secondary grapevine
      domestication event occurred. Six Lambrusco varieties were also included in this
      analysis as ancient putative ancestors of the cultivated grapevines. The
      molecular analysis excluded this hypothesis and suggest Lambrusco as an
      independent Vitis taxon.

PMID- 13679994
TI  - HMW and LMW glutenin alleles among putative tetraploid and hexaploid European
      spelt wheat (Triticum spelta L.) progenitors.
AB  - The allelic compositions of high- and low-molecular-weight subunits of glutenins
      (HMW-GS and LMW-GS) among European spelt ( Triticum spelta L.) and related
      hexaploid and tetraploid Triticum species were investigated by one- and two
      dimensional polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and capillary
      electrophoresis (CE). A total of seven novel glutenin alleles (designated A1a*,
      B1d*, B1g*, B1f*, B1j*, D1a* at Glu-1 and A3h at the Glu-3 loci, respectively) in
      European spelt wheat were detected by SDS-PAGE, which were confirmed further by
      employing A-PAGE and CE methods. Particularly, two HMW-GS alleles, Glu-B1d*
      coding the subunits 6.1 and 22.1, and Glu-B1f* coding the subunits 13 and 22*,
      were found to occur in European spelt with frequencies of 32.34% and 5.11%,
      respectively. These two alleles were present in cultivated emmer (Triticum
      dicoccum), but they were not observed in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The
      allele Glu-B1g* coding for 13* and 19* subunits found in spelt wheat was also
      detected in club wheat (Triticum compactum L.). Additionally, two alleles coding
      for LMW-GS, Glu-A3h and Glu-B3d, occurred with high frequencies in spelt, club
      and cultivated emmer wheat, whereas these were not found or present with very low
      frequencies in bread wheat. Our results strongly support the secondary origin
      hypothesis, namely European spelt wheat originated from hybridization between
      cultivated emmer and club wheat. This is also confirmed experimentally by the
      artificial synthesis of spelt through crossing between old European emmer wheat,
      T. dicoccum and club wheat, T. compactum.

PMID- 13679996
TI  - BRCA1 and p53: compensatory roles in DNA repair.
AB  - The BRCA1 breast cancer susceptibility gene has been implicated in many cellular
      processes, yet its specific mechanism of tumor suppression remains unclear. BRCA1
      plays a role in several DNA repair pathways including nucleotide excision repair
      (NER). Loss of the p53 tumor suppressor gene, a key regulator of NER, is an
      important and necessary event in the pathogenesis of BRCA1-mutated tumors. Here
      we discuss the role of BRCA1 and NER in breast cancer and the interactions of
      BRCA1 with p53 in breast tumorigenesis and suggest approaches for risk assessment
      and chemotherapeutic management of BRCA1-related breast cancer.

PMID- 13679995
TI  - Anti-inflammatory properties of lipid oxidation products.
AB  - Oxidative modification of lipids occurs during inflammatory processes and leads
      to the formation and accumulation of biologically active lipid oxidation products
      that induce specific cellular reactions. These reactions lead to a modulation of
      the inflammatory process and may determine the fate and outcome of the body's
      reaction in acute inflammation during host defense. The processes by which
      oxidized lipids may play an important role include resolution of inflammation
      involving apoptosis, chronic inflammatory processes, and innate and adaptive
      immune responses. The classical view of lipid oxidation products is that they can
      induce and propagate chronic inflammatory reactions. However, evidence is
      accumulating that cells and tissues respond towards these oxidatively formed
      stress signals also by activation of anti-inflammatory processes. These include
      defense strategies such as (a) induction of signaling pathways leading to the
      upregulation of anti-inflammatory genes, (b) inhibition of signaling pathways
      coupled to the expression of proinflammatory genes, and (c) preventing the
      interaction of proinflammatory bacterial products with host cells. This
      contribution summarizes recent findings on the anti-inflammatory action of
      oxidized lipoproteins and lipid oxidation products. We discuss confirmed and
      suggested mechanisms as well as the (patho)physiological significance of these
      findings.

PMID- 13679997
TI  - Inhibition of angiogenesis by NSAIDs: molecular mechanisms and clinical
      implications.
AB  - Angiogenesis, the formation of new capillary blood vessels, is a fundamental
      process essential for reproduction and embryonic development. It is crucial to
      the healing of tissue injury because it provides essential oxygen and nutrients
      to the healing site. Angiogenesis is also required for cancer growth and
      progression since tumor growth requires an increased nutrient and oxygen supply.
      Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most widely used drugs
      worldwide for treating pain, arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, and more
      recently for colon cancer prevention. However, NSAIDs produce gastrointestinal
      ulcers and delay ulcer healing. Recently NSAIDs have been demonstrated to inhibit
      angiogenesis, but the underlying mechanisms are only beginning to be elucidated.
      The inhibition of angiogenesis by NSAIDs is a causal factor in the delay of ulcer
      healing, and it is becoming clear that this is also likely to be one of the
      mechanisms by which NSAIDs can reduce or prevent cancer growth. Based on the
      experimental data and the literature, the mechanisms by which NSAIDs inhibit
      angiogenesis appear to be multifactorial and likely include local changes in
      angiogenic growth factor expression, alteration in key regulators and mediators
      of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), increased endothelial cell
      apoptosis, inhibition of endothelial cell migration, recruitment of inflammatory
      cells and platelets, and/or thromboxane A2 mediated effects. Some of these
      mechanisms include: inhibition of mitogen-activated protein (Erk2) kinase
      activity; suppression of cell cycle proteins; inhibition of early growth response
      (Egr-1) gene activation; interference with hypoxia inducible factor 1 and VEGF
      gene activation; increased production of the angiogenesis inhibitor, endostatin;
      inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and spreading; and
      induction of endothelial apoptosis.

PMID- 13679998
TI  - Lack of association between the G protein beta3 subunit gene and essential
      hypertension in Chinese: a case-control and a family-based study.
AB  - A C825T polymorphism of the gene encoding the G protein beta3 subunit (GNB3) is
      associated with enhanced G protein activity and increased intracellular signal
      transduction. The 825T allele has been implicated in the development of
      hypertension in some ethnic groups, especially in whites. Studies in Asians and
      blacks are more controversial, and little information is available on this
      polymorphism in the susceptibility to hypertension in the Chinese population.
      Furthermore, the inconsistency between studies may be due to genetic
      heterogeneity of the population selected and/or the lack of statistical power. We
      investigated the relationship of this polymorphism with hypertension in two
      independent northern Chinese populations using both a case-control and a family
      based study design. The GNB3 C825T polymorphism was determined by polymerase
      chain reaction and restriction enzyme digestion. In the case-control study which
      included 585 hypertensive case subjects and 580 normotensive control subjects
      there was no significant association between the polymorphism and hypertension
      status or blood pressure levels. The lack of association was confirmed by the
      results obtained in 181 hypertensive families using both transmission
      disequilibrium test and sib transmission disequilibrium test. No preferential
      transmission was observed for the GNB3 825T allele to the affected subjects.
      Furthermore, there was no significant association between the polymorphism and
      body mass index in the case-control study. Therefore our work does not provide
      evidence in favor of GNB3 C825T being a candidate gene for conferring genetic
      susceptibility to hypertension or obesity in northern Chinese population.

PMID- 13679999
TI  - Mesenteric lymphadenopathy in children examined by US for chronic and/or
      recurrent abdominal pain.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Children with recurrent abdominal pain often undergo US to confirm or
      exclude organic disease. OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of mesenteric
      lymphadenopathy on US in these children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively
      studied 189 children with recurrent abdominal pain with US of the abdomen, using
      graded compression. The results were compared with 73 children in a control
      group. The children in both groups were divided into three age groups. The size,
      number, morphology and location of mesenteric lymph nodes were noted, as well as
      additional findings. Pediatricians followed the patients from 3 months to 1 year,
      and a repeat US study was done in 30 children. RESULTS: Mesenteric
      lymphadenopathy was present in 116 of 189 children (61.4%), with the greatest
      prevalence in boys in the younger age groups. The location of the nodes was
      mainly in the right lower quadrant. In the control group, 7 of 73 children had
      mesenteric lymphadenopathy, a significantly lower prevalence than in the study
      group ( P<0.001). Additional findings, apart from lymphadenopathy, were present
      in 27 (14.2%) of the 189 children in the study group, and in 5 (6.8%) of the 73
      children in the control group. CONCLUSION: Mesenteric lymphadenopathy is a
      common, and often the only abnormal, finding on US in children with recurrent
      abdominal pain.

PMID- 13680000
TI  - Paediatric urinary bladder 'tumour' due to perforated appendicitis.

PMID- 13680001
TI  - Hemoptysis: a rare cause can be related to a bronchial varix due to pulmonary
      venous obstruction.
AB  - Bronchial varices, which have rarely been described in the radiology literature,
      can be the result of pulmonary venous obstruction and may present with
      hemoptysis. This case is an illustration of this rare condition, which correlates
      CT findings with bronchoscopic findings. We also describe the findings on phase
      contrast MR that demonstrated reversed diastolic flow in the branch pulmonary
      artery supplying the affected lung.

PMID- 13680002
TI  - Ultrasonographic diagnosis of neonatal spigelian hernia.

PMID- 13680003
TI  - Utilization of ultrasound for the detection of pneumothorax in the neonatal
      special-care nursery.
AB  - Pneumothorax is a potentially life-threatening condition in the setting of the
      neonatal special-care nursery (SCN) that may result in rapid deterioration and
      death. The familiar appearances associated with pneumothorax on AP supine chest
      radiograph are highly specific, but limited in sensitivity. In this case report,
      we describe the theory and technique of thoracic ultrasound for detection of
      pneumothorax in the SCN, providing a viable alternative to the cross-table
      lateral radiograph without ionising radiation, with highly accurate results, and
      with minimal patient positioning.

PMID- 13680004
TI  - MRI findings in a child with sigmoid sinus thrombosis following mastoiditis.
AB  - We describe the MRI features of sigmoid sinus thrombosis following mastoiditis in
      a 3-year-old girl. The features consisted of increased signal from the sinus on
      T2-weighted images and absence of flow on MR venography. It is concluded that MRI
      enabled a timely diagnosis of this life-threatening disease. MRI, as a non
      invasive technique that does not use ionizing radiation, should be considered the
      investigation of first choice, especially in young patients.

PMID- 13680007
TI  - Voiding cystourethrography: sedation or no sedation?

PMID- 13680008
TI  - Spondylo-megaepiphyseal-metaphyseal dysplasia: an unusual bone dysplasia.
AB  - A rare case of spondylo-megaepiphyseal-metaphyseal dysplasia is reported in a 10
      year-old boy. The features were metaphyseal dysplasia, markedly defective
      ossification of vertebral body centres and enlarged epiphyses. Although it shares
      some features with spondylo-metaphyseal dysplasia, oto-spondylo-megaepiphyseal
      dysplasia and cleidocranial dysplasia, the presence of several unusual
      radiological findings sets it apart.

PMID- 13680009
TI  - Bronchopulmonary foregut malformation diagnosed by three-dimensional CT.
AB  - A case of bronchopulmonary foregut malformation (BPFM) detected by multislice
      computed tomography with three-dimensional reconstruction (MSCT/3D) is reported.
      Concern for aspiration frequently limits the use of radiopaque contrast agents
      when anomalies of the lung and esophagus are suspected. MSCT/3D may make it
      possible to assess the communication and spatial relationship of malformed lung
      and esophagus in the early neonatal period without invasive or contrast
      radiological procedures such as bronchography or upper gastrointestinal series
      (UGI).

PMID- 13680010
TI  - Cortical hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in shaken-baby (shaken impact) syndrome:
      value of diffusion-weighted MRI.
AB  - Shaken-baby syndrome (SBS) is a type of child abuse caused by violent shaking of
      an infant, with or without impact, and characterized by subdural hematomas,
      retinal hemorrhages, and occult bone fractures. Parenchymal brain lesions in SBS
      may be missed or underestimated on CT scans, but can be detected at an earlier
      stage with diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) as areas of restricted diffusion. We
      demonstrate the value of DW-MRI in a 2-month-old baby boy with suspected SBS. The
      pattern of diffusion abnormalities indicates that the neuropathology of
      parenchymal lesions in SBS is due to hypoxic-ischemic brain injuries, and not to
      diffuse axonal injury.

PMID- 13680012
TI  - Biliary atresia: making the diagnosis by the gallbladder ghost triad.

PMID- 13680014
TI  - Is it really this simple?

PMID- 13680015
TI  - Metastatic osteosarcoma to the small bowel with resultant intussusception: a case
      report and review of the literature.
AB  - Intussusception resulting from osteosarcoma metastasis to the small bowel is a
      rare diagnosis. This case report describes a patient with this diagnosis,
      demonstrates the CT appearance of this lesion, and reviews the literature.

PMID- 13680016
TI  - The value of colour Doppler ultrasonography for identification of crossing
      vessels in children with pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Pelvi-ureteric junction (PUJ) obstruction is caused by the presence
      of an aperistaltic dysplastic segment at the PUJ. Besides this intrinsic
      aetiology, extrinsic abnormalities, mainly crossing vessels, may be an associated
      factor. OBJECTIVE: To determine the reliability of colour Doppler US in the
      detection of crossing vessels in children with surgically proven PUJ obstruction.
      MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-eight patients (50 kidneys) with PUJ obstruction,
      surgically treated from 1998 to 2001, were prospectively studied by colour
      Doppler US prior to open pyeloplasty. There were 33 boys and 15 girls (age 2
      months-12 years; median 3.5 years). There were 24 right kidneys and 26 left
      kidneys. The indication for surgery was according to the usual criteria. The
      crossing vessel was considered as present when depicted on colour Doppler US at
      the PUJ. RESULTS: Colour Doppler assessment of the crossing vessels was correct
      in all but two patients. At surgery, a crossing vessel was found in 14 kidneys
      (i.e. 28%). Colour Doppler US results were correlated with intra-operative
      findings in 50 renal units. Surgically proven vessels in 14 kidneys were
      identified by colour Doppler US in 13, and not shown in 1. In PUJ obstruction
      without a crossing vessel ( n=36), US findings were concordant in 26, discordant
      in 8 and inconclusive in 2 (with kidney malrotation) cases. Colour Doppler US had
      a sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), positive predictive value (PPV), negative
      predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of 92.8%, 76.5%, 62%, 96.3% and 78%,
      respectively. The reliability of colour Doppler US was greatly improved with the
      increasing experience of the sonographer, as shown by the results of the last 2
      years (26 kidneys):Se=100%, Sp=87.5%, PPV=81.8%, NPV=100%, accuracy=88.5%.
      CONCLUSIONS: Colour Doppler US is reliable in the detection of crossing vessels
      at the PUJ.

PMID- 13680017
TI  - Spinal MRI of vincristine neuropathy mimicking Guillain-Barre syndrome.
AB  - A 4.3-year-old girl with acute leukaemia, who was being treated with chemotherapy
      (including vincristine), developed paraplegia. Spinal MRI showed diffusely
      enhancing nerve roots on contrast-enhanced images. Spinal fluid analysis showed a
      normal protein level. Vincristine neuropathy mimicking Guillain-Barre syndrome is
      thought to be the cause of the MRI abnormalities.

PMID- 13680020
TI  - Renal tubular cell injury and fibronectin.
AB  - We recently reported that fibronectin (FN: 230 kDa) was oversecreted from the
      renal tubular cells as a result of the stimulation of COM crystals, and inhibited
      the adhesion of COM crystals to renal tubular cells. In the study presented here,
      we investigated whether FN can prevent injury to renal tubular cells caused by
      oxalate and COM crystals and tried to identify the relation with inhibition of
      crystal adhesion. The protective effect of FN against renal tubular cell injury
      by exposure to oxalate and COM crystals was examined by measuring the lactate
      dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and using a non-radioactive proliferation assay.
      Moreover, crystal-cell interaction was morphologically assessed by means of
      scanning electron microscopy (SEM). LDH was reduced significantly by the addition
      of FN in a dose-dependent manner. Cell viability increased significantly with the
      addition of FN, also in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the morphological SEM
      study showed that few crystals were attached to the surface of cells when FN was
      added compared to the number of adhering crystals when FN was not added. FN was
      found to have an inhibitory effect on renal tubular cell injury caused by
      exposure to oxalate and COM crystals. We speculate that the inhibitory effect of
      FN on the adhesion of COM crystals is related to the inhibitory effect of
      exposure to COM crystals on renal tubular cell injury.

PMID- 13680022
TI  - GnRH-PAP hormonotoxin targets cytotoxicity to prostate cancer cell lines.
AB  - Pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP) is a plant-derived, highly potent ribosome
      inactivating protein that causes inhibition of protein translation and rapid cell
      death. We have previously described potent cytotoxic activity of a GnRH
      (gonadotropin-releasing hormone) receptor-targeted conjugate protein (GnRH-PAP)
      and demonstrated that cytotoxicity depended on the number of GnRH receptors and
      the duration of exposure. Here, we demonstrate that the GnRH-PAP conjugate was
      cytotoxic to three different prostate cancer cell lines, supporting the
      feasibility of using such hormonotoxins as novel therapeutics for hormone
      responsive cancers such as prostate cancer.

PMID- 13680023
TI  - Renal phosphate leak in patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria and calcium
      nephrolithiasis.
AB  - Although urine phosphate loss has been associated with hypercalciuria, it is
      debated how frequently renal phosphate leak is present in hypercalciuric
      patients. We reviewed the records of 100 consecutive adult patients who were
      diagnosed with idiopathic hypercalciuria and calcium urolithiasis, searching for
      the presence of renal phosphate leak. The renal phosphate threshold, normalized
      for the glomerular filtration rate (TmPO4/GFR), of the hypercalciuric patients
      followed a normal distribution and had a good correlation with serum phosphate (
      r=0.77; p<0.0001). There were no correlations between TmPO4/GFR and urinary
      calcium or between serum phosphorus and urinary calcium. We found only nine
      patients (9%) with renal phosphate leak. These patients had a mean TmPO4/GFR of
      2.19 mg% (0.70 mmol/l) and serum phosphorus of 2.65 mg% (0.85 mmol/l).
      Nevertheless, urinary calcium was not significantly different between patients
      with or without low TmPO4/GFR. We conclude that renal phosphate leak is an
      infrequent finding in patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria and is not
      associated with a higher urinary calcium loss.

PMID- 13680024
TI  - Expression of mitotic Aurora/Ipl1p-related kinases in renal cell carcinomas: an
      immunohistochemical study.
AB  - The Aurora/Ipl1p-related kinases, AIRK1, AIRK2 and AIRK3, are members of a novel
      family of oncogenic serine/threonine kinases regulated by cell cycle progression
      and involved in chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. In this study, we
      examined expression of members of the AIRK family in human renal cell carcinomas.
      Expression of AIRK subfamilies was examined in 64 renal cell carcinomas by
      immunohistochemistry. Immunostaining of AIRK1, AIRK2 and AIRK3 was observed in
      95%, 47% and 98% of specimens, respectively. Moreover, in specimens from the same
      patient, staining of AIRK2 was correlated with proliferating cell nuclear antigen
      labeling. Here we provide the first description of AIRK isozyme immunostaining in
      human renal cell carcinoma. Although the precise physiological functions of these
      kinases are not known, AIRK subfamily expression may play a role in renal cell
      carcinoma tumorigenesis.

PMID- 13680025
TI  - Cerebrofacial venous metameric syndrome (CVMS) 3: Sturge-Weber syndrome with
      bilateral lymphatic/venous malformations of the mandible.
AB  - We present a case of Sturge-Weber syndrome with a bilateral lymphatic/venous
      malformation of the mandible. Modern biology suggests an explanation for such a
      case. The classification of cerebrofacial venous metameric syndromes (CVMS)
      enables us to recognise this lesion as involving the most caudal of the cranial
      metamere (CVMS 3).

PMID- 13680026
TI  - Gliomatosis cerebri evaluated by 18Falpha-methyl tyrosine positron-emission
      tomography.
AB  - Gliomatosis cerebri is a rare condition in which an infiltrative glial neoplasm
      spreads through the brain with preservation of the underlying structure. CT and
      MRI show diffuse abnormal density or signal, without mass effect, and because
      these findings are nonspecific, it is difficult to make a definitive diagnosis.
      Our purpose was to assess the usefulness of a new tumour-detecting amino acid
      tracer for positron-emission tomography (PET), L-[3-(18)F] alpha-methyl tyrosine
      (FMT), in patients with gliomatosis cerebri. We performed FMT PET,
      fluorodeoxyglucose FDG PET and MRI eight patients with gliomatosis cerebri and
      six with non-neoplastic disease, whose MRI also showed diffuse high signal on T2
      weighted images. Standardised uptake (SUV) of FMT and FDG in the area of
      gliomatosis was obtained and the tumour-to-normal cortex (T/N) ratio of this was
      compared. The tumours were shown on FMT PET as areas of increased uptake, except
      in one patient with severe intracranial hypertension. There were significant
      differences between the SUV of FMT and the T/N ratio of FMT in patients and in
      controls (both P<0.01), and between the T/N ratio of FMT and FDG in patients (
      P<0.01). Increased uptake of FMT PET strongly suggests neoplasia. FMT PET is
      valuable for differentiating gliomatosis cerebri from non-neoplastic diseases
      showing similar diffuse high signal on T2-weighted images and little contrast
      enhancement.

PMID- 13680027
TI  - Corticobasal degeneration: structural and functional MRI and single-photon
      emission computed tomography.
AB  - We studied seven patients with corticobasal degeneration (CBD) from a clinical
      and imaging perspective. We describe the main morphological features of CBD and,
      using functional MRI, try to define the possible role of the parietal lobe in
      simple and complex learned motor sequences. We showed decreased activation of the
      parietal lobe contralateral to the more affected arm, when movements, simple or
      complex, are performed with that hand. Moreover we found that functional imaging
      can demonstrate parietal and motor cortex dysfunction before structural, and even
      single-photon emission computed tomography changes become evident.

PMID- 13680028
TI  - Automated percutaneous lumbar discectomy: technique, indications and clinical
      follow-up in over 1000 patients.
AB  - This paper summarises my experience, over 14 years, treating over 1350 patients
      suffering from lumbar disc pathology, using minimally invasive intradiscal
      decompressive percutaneous techniques. The vast majority underwent the method
      introduced by Onik in 1985, referred to as "automated" since it involves a
      mechanical probe, working by a "suction and cutting" action for removal of the
      nucleus pulposus. Postoperative follow-up of at least 6 months was available for
      1047 patients aged 15-92 years, who underwent this procedure up to June 2002.
      Results, based on a patient satisfaction, have been good in 58% of patients at 2
      months and in 67.5% at 6 months; they have been particularly favourable in some
      subgroups such as elderly people (79.5% of excellent or good results), patients
      previously operated upon (78%) and those with "discogenic" low back pain (79%).
      Complication rates have been extremely low (less than 1%) and all complications
      cleared up without sequelae. In comparison with other percutaneous disc
      treatments, Onik's achieves the best compromise between clinical efficacy,
      comfort for the patient and low invasiveness.

PMID- 13680029
TI  - Perfusion-weighted MRI of spinal dural arteriovenous fistula.
AB  - A 72-year-old woman was admitted with rapidly progressive paraplegia and
      sphincter disturbance. T2-weighted images of the thoracic spine showed
      intramedullary high signal with flow voids suggesting dilated medullary veins.
      Conventional spinal angiography demonstrated a dural arteriovenous fistula
      draining into perimedullary veins. Perfusion-weighted MRI demonstrated a
      prolonged mean transit time and increased blood volume in the high-signal area.
      The loss of normal perfusion gradient and venous hypertension and were thought to
      produce these differences. The time-to-peak was almost identical in the high
      signal and isointense areas, although the bolus of contrast medium arrived
      earlier in the former. Arteriovenous shunting was thought to cause faster inflow.
      These changes may have resulted in increased blood volume in the spinal cord. The
      high signal has been attributed to oedema due to venous congestion, but there has
      been no histological confirmation. Perfusion MRI in this case supports this
      hypothesis.

PMID- 13680030
TI  - Primary intraventricular brain abscess.
AB  - We report a primary intraventricular brain abscess in a 13-year-old boy. We
      discuss possible explanations for this rare occurrence.

PMID- 13680031
TI  - Choice of cross size in stereology--a cautionary note.
AB  - The stereological method of cross-counting based on the Cavalieri principle is
      widely used in neuroimaging to estimate the volume of cerebral structures.
      Although superficially simple, the stereological technique is validated by arcane
      mathematical proofs, so the cross size is determined by most investigators on a
      pragmatic basis with the assumption that the volume calculated is independent of
      the cross size used. We used three cross sizes (8x8, 5x5 and 3x3 voxels) to
      estimate the brain volume of six healthy control subjects. The volume estimate
      using a cross size of 3x3 was 9% larger than with a cross size of 5x5 and the
      latter was 15% larger than with a cross size of 8x8. We conclude that cross size
      significantly affects whole brain volume estimates and this result is presumably
      applicable to other structures whose cross-sectional areas form complex shapes.
      Investigators should be aware of this fact, especially when trying to make direct
      comparisons between volume estimates derived from the stereological method using
      different cross sizes.

PMID- 13680032
TI  - The anti-doping hot-line, a means to capture the abuse of doping agents in the
      Swedish society and a new service function in clinical pharmacology.
AB  - With the support of the Swedish National Institute of Health a national
      information service was started in 1993 aiming to capture the abuse of doping
      agents in the general public. It was organized as a telephone service, called the
      Anti-Doping Hot-Line, from our department and managed by trained nurses co
      operating with clinical pharmacologists. Important information collected about
      all callers (anonymous) was: date of call, its origin, category of caller, doping
      experience and main question being asked. Abusers were asked about their age,
      sex, affiliation, abused drug(s), duration of abuse, habit of administration and
      adverse reactions (ADRs). Between October 1993 and December 2000 25,835 calls
      were received with a peak during spring and autumn. Most calls (12,400) came from
      non-abusers, 60% being males. Callers connected with gyms represented the largest
      group (30%). Most calls about specific drugs concerned anabolic androgenic
      steroids (AAS). Other drugs or products included ephedrine, clenbuterol and
      creatine. The most commonly abused anabolic steroids were testosterone,
      nandrolone-decanoate, methandienone and stanozolol. The ten most commonly
      reported ADRs of AAS were aggressiveness (835), depression (829), acne (770),
      gynecomastia (637), anxiousness (637), potency problems (413), testicular atrophy
      (404), sleep disorders (328), fluid retention (318) and mood disturbances (302).
      Female side effects included menstruation disturbances, hair growth in the face,
      lower voice and enlarged clitoris. During the period 1996-200, totally 4339
      persons reported about 10,800 side effects. This figure should be compared with
      the very low number of ADRs (27) reported by prescribers to the Swedish ADR
      committee during the same period. Abuse of doping agents appears to be a new
      public health problem that needs detection, medical care and prevention.

PMID- 13680033
TI  - Identification of CYP2D6 alleles by single nucleotide polymorphism analysis using
      pyrosequencing.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To develop a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis for
      identification of cytochrome P450 (CYP)2D6 alleles by pyrosequencing. METHODS:
      Swedish blood donors ( n=282) were typed for a partial CYP2D6 genotype comprising
      the alleles *1 (wild type), *2 (2850C>T), *3 (2549A>del), *4 (1846G>A) and *6
      (1707T>del) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and pyrosequencing analysis.
      CYP2D6*5 (CYP2D6 deleted) was identified using an established long multiplex PCR
      method. Pyrosequencing is a sequencing-by-synthesis method in which a cascade of
      enzymatic reactions yields detectable light, which is proportional to the
      incorporated nucleotides. One feature of typing SNPs by pyrosequencing is that
      each allelic variant will give a unique sequence. These variants can be readily
      distinguished by pattern recognition software. RESULTS: Of 281 individuals
      analysed, 24 (8.5%) were found to be poor metabolisers with two non-functional
      alleles. This is in the range of 7-10%, previously reported for Caucasians. A
      total of 126 individuals (45%) had one functional and one non-functional allele
      and 131 individuals (47%) had two functional alleles. CONCLUSION: Pyrosequencing
      was found to be a fast and efficient tool for genotyping. The method is robust,
      reliable, rapid and has high throughput.

PMID- 13680035
TI  - Inappropriate use of anti-asthmatic drugs in the Italian paediatric population.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate anti-asthmatic drug prescriptions in a large Italian
      paediatric population. METHODS: Prescriptions involving 417,559 children younger
      than 14 years old dispensed during 2000 by the retail pharmacies of 17 Italian
      local health units participating in the ARNO project were analysed. RESULTS: In
      the study, 92,890 children (22.2%) received at least one anti-asthmatic drug
      prescription. The prevalence of prescriptions was higher in children less than 1
      year old, significantly decreased with increasing age, and was higher in boys
      than in girls. Of children treated with anti-asthmatic drugs, 71.5% received
      prescriptions of less than three boxes. Beclomethasone, salbutamol, flunisolide
      and fluticasone were the most prescribed drugs. Beclomethasone and flunisolide
      were prescribed mostly as nebulised suspension. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest
      that anti-asthmatic drugs are often prescribed for diseases different from asthma
      and that many children are exposed to treatments for which there is no evidence
      of efficacy.

PMID- 13680034
TI  - Beta 2-adrenergic receptor polymorphism and susceptibility to primary congenital
      and primary open angle glaucoma.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: It has been shown that arginine to glycine (Arg16Gly), glutamine to
      glutamic acid (Gln27Glu) and threonine to isoleucine (Thr164Ile) exchanges in
      codons 16, 27 and 164, respectively, of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor (B2AR)
      gene significantly alter receptor function. As B2ARs are located on the afferent
      blood vessels supplying the ciliary body and trabecular meshwork cells, which
      control aqueous humour dynamics, polymorphisms of B2AR may be involved in the
      pathophysiology of certain eye diseases, such as glaucoma. Therefore, the aim of
      the present study was to investigate the distribution of B2AR polymorphisms in
      patients with primary congenital and primary open angle glaucoma. METHODS: A
      group of 30 patients with primary congenital glaucoma, 105 with primary open
      angle glaucoma and 92 control patients were analysed for the Arg16Gly, Gln27Glu,
      and Thr164IIe polymorphisms of the B2AR by polymerase chain reaction-restriction
      fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS: The allelic frequencies of Gly16, Glu27
      and IIe164 variant alleles were 66.7, 38.3 and 3.3% in patients with congenital
      glaucoma, 59.5, 31.0 and 1.0% with glaucoma, and 54.9, 26.6 and 0.5% in controls,
      respectively. Although statistically non-significant, the frequencies of variant
      alleles were slightly higher in both groups of the glaucoma patients.
      CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest no evidence of an association between the
      Arg16Gly, Glu27Gln and Thr164Ile polymorphisms of the B2AR gene and risk of
      developing primary open angle glaucoma or primary congenital glaucoma. However,
      further studies are needed to understand the role of B2AR polymorphisms in
      patients with eye disease.

PMID- 13680036
TI  - A dose-response study of nitric oxide synthase inhibition in different vascular
      beds in man.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Nitric oxide (NO) is an almost ubiquitous messenger
      molecule and is implicated in several disorders. NG monomethyl L-arginine ( L
      NMMA:546C88) is an inhibitor of all three NO synthases (NOS), the enzymes that
      catalyse the production of NO. The present study was performed to evaluate the
      dose-response relation of L-NMMA to improve the design and interpretation of
      studies in migraine sufferers and other diseases. METHODS: In a double-blind,
      placebo-controlled, cross-over design, six healthy volunteers were randomised to
      receive three different doses of L-NMMA (0.3 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg) or placebo
      (5% dextrose) intravenously (iv) over 5 min on four different days. On a fifth
      study day, in an open design, the same subjects received L-NMMA in the dose 6
      mg/kg iv over 15 min. The effect of L-NMMA on the maximal mean blood velocity
      (Vmean) in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) (transcranial Doppler), the luminal
      diameter of the radial artery (high-frequency ultrasound), mean arterial blood
      pressure (MAP), heart rate and electrocardiogram were repeatedly followed every 5
      min until 60 min after start of the infusion, then every 15 min during the
      following hour, and at 3 h and 4 h. RESULTS: Inhibition of NOS had no effect on
      Vmean in MCA or on the diameter of the radial artery, but MAP increased and heart
      rate decreased dose dependently. With a dose of 6-mg/kg L-NMMA infused over a 15
      min period, the maximum MAP increase was 20% 20 min after the start of L-NMMA
      infusion. The maximum decrease of heart rate was 24% 15 min after start of the L
      NMMA infusion. CONCLUSION: L-NMMA in a dose that caused marked changes in
      systemic blood pressure and heart rate had no effect on cerebral and radial
      arteries in man.

PMID- 13680037
TI  - Concordance between proguanil phenotype and CYP2C19 genotype in Chinese.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether urinary proguanil (chlorguanide) metabolite
      ratios incorporating its minor metabolite, 4-chlorophenylbiguanide, define
      individuals as extensive metabolisers (EMs) or poor metabolisers (PMs) of CYP2C19
      more reliably than the standard phenotyping ratio [proguanil/cycloguanil
      (PG/CG)]. METHODS: Thirty-eight ethnic Chinese subjects ingested 100 mg
      proguanil, collected urine for 8 h and were genotyped for CYP2C19*1, *2 and *3
      alleles. Proguanil metabolite ratios (PG/CG; proguanil/4-chlorophenylbiguanide
      (PG/CPB); proguanil/(cycloguanil+4-chlorophenylbiguanide) [PG/(CG+CPB)] were
      determined from the urinary recoveries of proguanil, cycloguanil and 4
      chlorophenylbiguanide. Proguanil phenotypes were determined from the ratios using
      frequency distribution histograms, probit and normal test variable plots.
      RESULTS: Data from 35 subjects were suitable for analysis. Of subjects, 5 were
      CYP2C19*2/*2, 1 was *2/*3, 21 were *1/*2 and 8 were *1/*1. A rank order of
      proguanil metabolic ratios was observed, with *1/*1 subjects having the lowest,
      *1/*2 intermediate and *2/*2, *2/*3 having the highest ratios (P<0.0001). All
      subjects with PM genotypes were classified as PMs of proguanil by probit analysis
      of PG/CPB and PG/(CG+CPB) ratios, but not PG/CG. CONCLUSION: A gene-dose effect
      of CYP2C19 genotype on the conversion of proguanil to cycloguanil and 4
      chlorophenylbiguanide has been demonstrated in ethnic Chinese subjects. Complete
      concordance between PM CYP2C19 genotype and PM phenotype was only achieved with
      probit analysis of proguanil metabolite ratios that incorporated 4
      chlorophenylbiguanide.

PMID- 13680038
TI  - Effect of statins on lipoprotein receptor expression in cell lines from human
      mast cells and basophils.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Statins are potent inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A
      reductase and widely used to treat hyperlipidaemia. Apart from their direct lipid
      lowering effects, statins may also influence lipid metabolism through modulation
      of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors. Basophils and mast cells have been
      reported to express LDL receptors and have been implicated in atherogenesis. The
      aim of this study was to investigate the effects of statins on the interactions
      of 125I-LDL with purified primary human blood basophils, a human basophil cell
      line, KU812, and a human mast cell line, HMC-1. METHODS: Direct binding
      experiments were carried out with the primary basophils and KU812 as well as HMC
      1 cells before and after pretreatment of the cells with atorvastatin,
      simvastatin, or cerivastatin. The effects of these three statins on the LDL
      uptake and degradation as well as on thymidine incorporation in the cells were
      also studied. RESULTS: Primary basophils, HMC-1 and KU812 cells expressed two
      classes of LDL binding sites. Exposure to atorvastatin, simvastatin or
      cerivastatin increased significantly ( P<0.05) the number of 125I-LDL binding
      sites on primary basophils and HMC-1 as well as KU812 cells. The effects of the
      statins were dose dependent. The statins also enhanced the uptake and degradation
      of LDL in primary basophils, HMC-1 and KU812 cells. The increase in the number of
      LDL binding sites induced by statins was abolished by mevalonic acid (200
      micromol/l). Statins had no effect on the thymidine incorporation into the cells
      in an unstimulated condition. CONCLUSION: Our results provide evidence for the
      upregulation of LDL binding sites on human basophils and mast cells by statins.
      We hypothesise that effects of statins on the lipid metabolism might also involve
      basophils and mast cells.

PMID- 13680039
TI  - Exploring patient- and doctor-related variables associated with antibiotic
      prescribing for respiratory infections in primary care.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To assess patient- and doctor-related variables leading physicians to
      prescribe antibiotics or parenteral antibiotics for acute respiratory infections
      (ARIs) and to describe the variability as well as the appropriateness of
      antibiotic use and its predictive factors in general practice. METHODS: We
      conducted a cross-sectional study among patients aged 15-85 years with a
      diagnosis of ARIs, using information from 469 GPs from the Health Search
      Database. Diagnoses were linked with antibiotic prescriptions and other patients
      and doctor-related variables. Available scientific evidence was used to establish
      the appropriateness of first-choice antibiotic treatment. Frequency analyses and
      logistic regressions were used to identify variables associated with antibiotic
      use and appropriateness. RESULTS: On 67,761 cases of ARIs, antibiotics were
      prescribed in 63.2%, varying from 80.9% for acute bronchitis to 43.9% for croup,
      influenza and common cold. Significant associations with antibiotic use were
      found for geographic location and number of patients under care. The use of
      diagnostic tests significantly lowered the risk. Geographic location and living
      in an urban area were associated with parenteral antibiotic use. Amoxicillin
      (16.7%) and amoxicillin-clavulanate (17.9%) were the most common antibiotics
      prescribed. Appropriateness was reported in 39.0% of cases, with geographic
      location, physician's gender and diagnostic tests being the factors more
      predictive of appropriate antibiotic use. CONCLUSIONS: There is still excessive
      antibiotic use for ARIs. Its overuse is influenced by the physicians'
      characteristics and by the environment in which they practice, whilst diagnostic
      tests might reduce inappropriateness. Therefore, effective strategies for
      changing diagnostic and therapeutic behaviour are needed.

PMID- 13680040
TI  - Evidence of parasympathetic postganglionic neurons in the rat hypoglossal nerve
      trunk.
AB  - Previous studies have indicated that the geniohyoid (GH) muscle is innervated by
      efferent axons from both the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) and ansa cervicalis. To
      clarify the physiological significance of this dual innervation of the GH muscle,
      we examined properties of efferent innervations in rat GH muscle using
      electrophysiological, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) tracing and
      immunohistochemical techniques. Recordings from the branch of the XII nerve that
      innervates the GH (GH.Br) revealed that bursts of impulses during fictitious
      swallowing were conducted via the XII nerve trunk, in which neuronal cell bodies
      were labeled in the ventrolateral subnucleus of the XII nucleus by HRP tracing.
      In contrast, in vivo experiments demonstrated that tonic discharges in GH.Br were
      conducted via the ansa cervicalis. However, HRP-labeled efferent neurons were
      observed in neither brainstem nor upper spinal cord, but sensory neurons were
      labeled in the most rostral cervical spinal ganglia via the ansa cervicalis.
      Tonic activity was abolished in vitro by mecamylamine, an antagonist of nicotinic
      acetylcholine receptors (nAChR), and by pirenzepine, an antagonist of muscarinic
      M1 receptors. Incubation of isolated XII nerve segments with antisera to
      vasoactive intestinal peptide, nAChR, and muscarinic M1 receptor yielded small
      numbers of labeled neurons with each antiserum. All labeled neurons displayed
      similar diameters and were located approximately 1.5 mm proximal to the
      bifurcation of the XII nerve into medial and lateral branches. Our findings
      indicate that GH muscle in the rat is innervated by both somatic and
      parasympathetic nervous systems.

PMID- 13680041
TI  - A peptide derived from acetylcholinesterase induces neuronal cell death:
      characterisation of possible mechanisms.
AB  - Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) exhibits functions unrelated to the catalysis of
      acetylcholine (ACh) in particular during development. Although the underlying
      mechanism(s) is presently unknown, a candidate peptide fragment (AChE-peptide)
      has recently been identified, and been shown to induce a continuum of apoptotic
      and necrotic neuronal cell death in rat hippocampal organotypic cultures. The aim
      of this study was to trace the cell death pathway initiated by AChE-peptide.
      Using specific antagonists, it was possible to track a series of cellular events
      following application of 1 nM AChE-peptide: NMDA receptor activation, opening of
      the L-type voltage gated calcium channel, activation of calcium/calmodulin kinase
      II, generation of reactive oxygen species and caspase activation. Pharmacological
      interception at any stage of this cascade blocked the effect of 1 nM AChE-peptide
      on neurite retraction. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, a marker for cell
      lysis, was unaffected by 1 nM AChE-peptide. In contrast, cell death induced by 1
      mM AChE-peptide, monitored as neurite retraction and increased LDH efflux, was
      not offset by any drug treatment. These data suggest that nanomolar
      concentrations of AChE-peptide exhibit pathophysiological activity via an
      apoptotic pathway that could play an important role in neuronal development and
      neurodegeneration.

PMID- 13680042
TI  - Rapidly activated microglial cells in the preoptic area may play a role in the
      generation of hyperthermia following occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in
      the rat.
AB  - Postischemic hyperthermia occurs after the occlusion of the middle cerebral
      artery (MCAO) with an intraluminal filament in rats. The cause of hyperthermia is
      presumed to be damage to the preoptic area, which is one of the temperature
      regulatory centers of the hypothalamus. In the present study, reactions of
      microglial cells and astrocytes in the preoptic area were examined during the
      first 6 h following transient MCAO. Microglial cells and astrocytes were
      visualized with immunohistochemistry using antibodies against the CR3 complement
      receptor and the glial fibrillary acidic protein, respectively. One hour after
      the occlusion, activated microglial cells were observed in both the medial and
      lateral preoptic areas ipsilaterally, and in the medial preoptic area
      contralateral to the infarct. Following reperfusion, the activation of microglial
      cells decreased in the medial preoptic area of both hemispheres, and in the
      lateral preoptic area there was a loss of immunoreactive microglial cells.
      Fragmentation of astrocytic processes was detected in the lateral preoptic area,
      while in the ipsilateral medial preoptic area a moderate swelling was observed.
      Immunohistochemistry with an antibody against interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta)
      revealed scattered immunoreactive cells in both the ipsilateral and the
      contralateral medial preoptic area 2 h after the MCAO. Our results show that
      microglial activation in the preoptic area coincides with postischemic
      hyperthermia. However, an exclusive role for IL-1beta in the generation of
      hyperthermia is unlikely, and other factors are probably also responsible for
      postischemic hyperthermia.

PMID- 13680043
TI  - Transient increases of synchronized neural activity during movement preparation:
      influence of cognitive constraints.
AB  - The ability to prepare movement is an essential requirement for the control of
      goal-directed actions. It allows us to respond in an adaptable and swift manner
      to environmental conditions. In the present study, we manipulate cognitive
      context, by means of response probability, to modify the degree of movement
      preparation in a delayed cueing task performed with the right hand, and evaluate
      the neural dynamics (EEG coherence) and behavioural output (reaction time). Task
      related coherence was stronger over the contralateral hemisphere. In particular,
      coherence between the left sensorimotor area and frontal (C3-F3, C3-FC3) and
      parietal (C3-P3) regions was increased during right-hand movement preparation as
      compared to rest in the alpha frequency band (8-12 Hz). Reducing response
      probability diminished the degree of functional coupling between C3-F3 and C3
      FC3, and was associated with a prolonged reaction time. These findings suggest an
      association between neural dynamics and behavioural performance and emphasize
      that response predictability biases information processing in goal-oriented
      behaviour.

PMID- 13680044
TI  - Optic ataxia revisited: visually guided action versus immediate visuomotor
      control.
AB  - Optic ataxia and visual agnosia have been proposed to constitute a double
      dissociation which provides the main argument for the assimilation of the
      anatomical distinction between a dorsal and a ventral visual stream to the
      functional distinction between perception and action. In the present review, we
      argue that insufficient evidence has been collected to argue for this double
      dissociation. Several criteria are reviewed: (1) exploration of the visuomotor
      behavior in central versus peripheral vision has not been matched for the two
      types of patients; (2) the temporal constraints of visual processes that are
      impaired in the two neurological conditions appear to play a crucial role in the
      apparent dissociation; (3) the necessary reductionism of experimental conditions
      used to study action has led to an overconsideration of optic ataxia as a global
      deficit for action. Altogether optic ataxia appears to result from a specific
      impairment of immediate visuomotor control rather than of visually guided action
      as a whole. These results are discussed in the light of recent research on optic
      ataxia and on motor control, and directions for future research are proposed.

PMID- 13680046
TI  - Mirror apraxia affects the peripersonal mirror space. A combined lesion and
      cerebral activation study.
AB  - Mirror apraxia is a condition in which patients with lesions of the posterior
      parietal cortex have deficits in reaching to objects presented through a mirror.
      The aim of the present study was to investigate possible mechanisms underlying
      this disorder. First, we addressed the question of whether mirror apraxia is
      exhibited to the same extent in peripersonal and in body space. Four patients
      with lesions of the posterior parietal lobe on either side and with marked mirror
      apraxia were required to reach for objects that were presented to them through a
      mirror and located either in body space (i.e. on the body surface) or in
      peripersonal space (i.e. in the reaching distance). Whereas reaching for objects
      located in body space was flawless in all patients, the performance deteriorated
      when the same objects were transferred to the peripersonal space. Although the
      objects were located only a few centimetres above the body surface, the patients
      reached towards the virtual object in the mirror. Based on these results we
      suggest that mirror apraxia may originate from a dissociation between the
      representations of body schema and peripersonal space and that objects located on
      the body surface become integrated into the body schema. In the second part of
      the study, using positron emission tomography study (PET), we studied the
      cerebral activation pattern during reaching to objects presented through a mirror
      in the peripersonal space in healthy subjects. The results show that increased
      neural activity in the anterior part of the intraparietal sulcus and in the
      dorsal premotor cortex was bound to the transformation of the target position
      from the mirror space to the real space. In contrast, the activity related to
      object localization in the mirror occurred at the parieto-occipital junction.
      Both mirror and arm transformation involved the medial posterior part of the
      superior parietal lobule, putatively area V6a. The results demonstrate that
      acting through a mirror is processed in a number of cortical areas of the dorsal
      stream.

PMID- 13680045
TI  - Basal ganglia network mediates the control of movement amplitude.
AB  - In the present study we address the hypothesis that the basal ganglia are
      specifically involved in the planning of movement amplitude (or related
      covariates). This prediction has often been put forward based on the observation
      that Parkinson's disease (PD) patients exhibit hypokinesia. A close examination
      of the literature shows, however, that this commonly reported clinical symptom is
      not consistently echoed by experimental observations. When required to point to
      visual targets in the absence of vision of the moving limb, PD subjects exhibit
      various patterns of inaccuracy, including hypometria, hypermetria, systematic
      direction bias, or direction-dependent errors. They have even been shown to be as
      accurate as healthy, age-matched subjects. The main aim of the current study is
      to address the origin of these inconsistencies. To this end, we required nine
      patients presenting with advanced PD and 15 age-matched control subjects to
      perform planar reaching movements to visual targets. Eight targets were presented
      in equally spaced directions around a circle centered on the hand's starting
      location. Based on a previously validated parsing procedure, end-point errors
      were segmented into localization and planning errors. Localization errors refer
      to the existence of systematic biases in the estimation of the initial hand
      location. These biases can potentially transform a simple pattern of pure
      amplitude errors into a complex pattern involving both amplitude and direction
      errors. Results indicated that localization errors were different in the PD
      patients and the control subjects. This is not surprising knowing both that
      proprioception is altered in PD patients and that the ability to locate the hand
      at rest relies mainly on the proprioceptive sense, even when vision is available.
      Unlike normal subjects, localization errors in PD were idiosyncratic, lacking a
      consistent pattern across subjects. When the confounding effect of initial hand
      localization errors was canceled, we found that end-point errors were only due to
      the implementation of an underscaled movement gain (15%), without direction bias.
      Interestingly, the level of undershoot was found to increase with the severity of
      the disease (inferred from the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, UPDRS,
      motor score). We also observed that movement variability was amplified (32%), but
      only along the main movement axis (extent variability). Direction variability was
      not significantly different in the patient population and the control group. When
      considered together, these results support the idea that the basal ganglia are
      specifically involved in the control of movement amplitude (or of some
      covariates). We propose that this structure participates in extent planning by
      modulating cortical activity and/or the tuning of the spinal interneuronal
      circuits.

PMID- 13680047
TI  - The source of corticocollicular and corticobulbar projections in area Te1 of the
      rat.
AB  - Cortical area Te1 in the rat commonly is associated with primary auditory cortex.
      It is the source of direct projections to the inferior colliculus (IC), superior
      olivary complex (SOC), and the cochlear nucleus (CN). A question that arises is
      whether these descending pathways derive from a common source or separate
      populations of cortical neurons. We addressed this question in seven rats by
      injecting either Diamidino yellow (DiY) or Fast blue (FB) into the IC and
      injecting the other tracer into the CN (n=4) or SOC (n=3). All injections were
      made on the left side of the brain. In a sample of sections through area Te1 in
      both hemispheres, we counted single- and double-labeled cells. We estimate that
      IC-projecting cells outnumber those projecting to the CN or SOC by at least a
      factor of ten. The source of corticofugal pathways to the left IC was heavily
      biased towards the same side of the brain (ipsi/contra ratio 8 +/- 2.5), whereas
      it was more equally distributed between the two hemispheres for the left CN and
      SOC (ipsi/contra ratios ranged from 0.7-2.3). Finally, we observed that only 10
      20% of those cells filled with a tracer injection in the CN or SOC also contained
      the tracer injected into the IC. In a previous study, we observed a similarly
      small percentage of double labeled cells when FB and DiY were injected into the
      CN and SOC, respectively. Combined with the distinct laminar distribution of IC-,
      SOC-, and CN-projecting neurons within layer V, the results suggest that these
      three pathways largely derive from different populations of cortical neurons.

PMID- 13680049
TI  - The psychophysics and physiology of comodulation masking release.
AB  - The ability to detect auditory signals from background noise may be enhanced by
      the addition of energy in frequency regions well removed from the frequency of
      the signal. However, it is important that this energy is amplitude-modulated in a
      coherent way across frequencies, i.e. comodulated. This enhancement of signal
      detectability is known as comodulation masking release (CMR), and in this review
      we show that CMR is largest if: (1) the total masker's bandwidth is large, (2)
      the modulation frequency is low, (3) the modulation depth is high, (4) the
      envelope is regular and, (5) the masker's spectrum level is high. Possible
      physiological correlates of CMR have been found at different levels of the
      auditory pathway. Current hypotheses for the underlying physiological mechanisms,
      including wide-band inhibition or the disruption of masker modulation envelope
      response, are discussed.

PMID- 13680048
TI  - Multimodal inputs to the granule cell domain of the cochlear nucleus.
AB  - There is growing evidence that hearing involves the integration of many brain
      functions, including vision, balance, somatic sensation, learning and memory, and
      emotional state. Some of these integrative processes begin at the earliest stages
      of the central auditory system. In this review, we will discuss evidence that
      reveals multimodal projections into the granule cell domain of the cochlear
      nucleus.

PMID- 13680050
TI  - Temporal factors in target selection with saccadic eye movements.
AB  - Decision times involved in selecting visual targets with saccadic eye movements
      in rhesus monkeys were studied for three tasks in which single targets, paired
      targets with varied asynchronies, and multiple targets requiring a discrimination
      were presented. Probability of target choice in the paired-target task was
      strongly influenced by target luminance and size as specified by the temporal
      offset required to yield equal probability choice. Among the animals tested,
      reaction times for target selection in the paired-target task took 12-47 ms
      longer, and in the discrimination task 17-70 ms longer than for generating
      saccades to single targets, thereby reflecting the decision times involved. The
      results provide information about the time-course of decisions involved in
      selecting visual targets with saccadic eye movements.

PMID- 13680051
TI  - Quantitative magnetic resonance (QMR) method for bone and whole-body-composition
      analysis.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the applicability, precision, and accuracy of the new
      EchoMRI quantitative magnetic resonance (QMR) method for in-vitro bovine bone
      analysis and in-vivo whole-body-composition analysis of conscious live mice.
      RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: bovine tibia bone samples were measured by QMR
      and dual-energy X-ray adsorptiometry (DEXA). Repeated measures of whole-body
      composition were made using live and dead mice with different levels of fat by
      QMR and DEXA and by classic chemical analysis of the mouse carcass. RESULTS: bone
      mineral density (BMD) and bone-mineral content (BMC) measured in bovine tibia by
      QMR and DEXA were highly correlated. Precision of fat and lean measurement in
      mice was found to be better for QMR than for DEXA. The coefficient of variation (
      CV) for fat was 0.34-0.71% for QMR compared with 3.06-12.60% for DEXA.
      DISCUSSION: QMR offers more specific parameters of bone structure than does DEXA.
      QMR and DEXA did not differ in the total amount of fat detected in live mice but
      QMR had improved precision. QMR was superior to DEXA in measuring fat in very
      small mice. CONCLUSIONS: in bone tissue there is a strong correlation between
      hydrogen NMR signal and bone-mineral density as measured by X-ray. QMR provides a
      very precise, accurate, fast, and easy to use method for determining fat and lean
      mass of mice without the need for anesthesia. Its ability to detect differences
      and monitor changes in body composition in mice with great precision should be of
      great value in characterizing phenotypes and studying drugs affecting obesity.

PMID- 13680052
TI  - Interlaboratory comparison study for the determination of methyl tert-butyl ether
      in water.
AB  - This is the first publication which describes the evaluation of the analytical
      performance and state-of-the-art of the determination of methyl tert-butyl ether
      (MTBE) in water at ng L(-1) concentrations. An interlaboratory comparison study
      for the determination of MTBE in water was carried out. Twenty-eight laboratories
      from seven European countries participated in the study. Twenty of those finally
      transmitted results to the organiser. Italian spring water, containing no
      detectable amounts of MTBE was fortified to yield two samples with MTBE
      concentrations of 0.074 +/- 0.004 microg L(-1) and 0.256 +/- 0.010 microg L(-1).
      The laboratories applied their regular in-house methods to analyse the water
      samples. Static headspace, Purge & Trap, solid-phase microextraction (SPME) or
      direct aqueous injection were used as sample preparation techniques. Subsequent
      separation and detection of MTBE were performed by gas chromatography/mass
      spectrometry (GC/MS) or gas chromatography/flame ionisation detection (GC/FID).
      After rejection of outliers, the overall arithmetic mean of laboratory results
      corresponded to recoveries of 78 +/- 20% (Sample A) and 88 +/- 20% (Sample B) of
      the reference concentrations. The between laboratory coefficients of variation
      (CV) were 32% and 31%, respectively. The organisation of the study and quality
      assurance measures at the organiser's laboratory are described. Moreover, the
      measurement results of the participants and the analytical methods used for the
      determination of MTBE are presented and the correlation between selected method
      parameters and data quality is discussed.

PMID- 13680053
TI  - Direct determination of bromide ions in seawater by capillary zone
      electrophoresis using polyethyleneimine-coated capillaries.
AB  - A rapid and simple capillary electrophoretic method was developed for the direct
      determination of bromide ion in seawater. We have found an effective method,
      based on the use of polyethyleneimine-coated capillaries and the addition of
      sodium chloride to the background electrolyte. The use of coated capillaries with
      a cationic polymer changes the direction of the electroosmotic flow in the
      capillary, which favors the migration speed of the bromide ion and enables the
      use of low salt concentrations in the separation electrolyte. Bromide ion in
      seawater can be determined within 2 min using this system and 20 mmol L(-1)NaCl
      containing separation electrolyte. The detection limit for the bromide ion was
      0.45 microg ml(-1). The method was applied to the determination of bromide ion in
      seawater samples collected from the Bosphorus and the Black Sea. Bromide contents
      in samples from 0 to 72 m depths varied between 33.2 and 72.8 mg L(-1) with a
      mean 3.0% RSD.

PMID- 13680054
TI  - An easy and rapid method to determine aristolochic acids I and II with high
      sensitivity.
AB  - Aristolochic acid (AA), a natural component in some Chinese medicinal plants, is
      nephrotoxic and carcinogenic, and is involved in a specific type of renal
      fibrosis, called Chinese herbs nephropathy (CHN). In this paper, we report the
      electrochemistry of AA and a novel method to detect the species based on the
      electrochemical studies. The detection limit is estimated to be 1.0x10(-8) M with
      a linear range from 5.0x10(-8) M to 1.3x10(-6) M. Meanwhile, this method is
      applicable in detection in real samples, such as Caulis Aristolochiae
      Manshuriensis (CAM), Radix Aristolochiae (RA), Fructus Aristolochiae (FA) and
      Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae (RST). The concentration of AA in the CAM sample was
      3.50 +/- 0.12x10(-4) M. Consistent results have been obtained from both the
      electrochemical approach described here and the previously reported HPLC method.

PMID- 13680056
TI  - Development of a LC-MS/MS method for the analysis of volatile primary and
      secondary amines as NIT (naphthylisothiocyanate) derivatives.
AB  - High-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection was used
      for the structure elucidation of eighteen primary and secondary amines and
      ammonia derivatised with naphthylisothiocyanate (NIT). A fragmentation scheme was
      established using reference compounds and the scheme was applied to real air
      samples from a tyre repair shop and from the air above a bacterial culture. The
      sampling was performed using a solid sorbent, XAD-2, impregnated with NIT, and
      the derivatives were extracted with acetonitrile and analysed with LC-MS/MS. A
      three-step process was developed for screening and identifying of volatile
      amines. The first step, selected reaction monitoring; SRM was applied in order to
      screen the samples for NIT derivatives. In the second step, a precursor ion scan
      gave the [M+H](+) ion, and in the third step a product ion scan gave the
      fragments needed for identification. The detection limits varied between 0.12 and
      0.25 ng microL(-1) when screening for unknown derivatised amines. It was possible
      to separate and identify all the amines with the structural information obtained
      and the method proved to be general, sensitive and well suited for sampling and
      analysis of complex environmental samples.

PMID- 13680057
TI  - Application of the reference-element technique for fast sequential flame atomic
      absorption spectrometry.
AB  - Fast sequential flame atomic-absorption spectrometry (FS-FAAS) is able to measure
      a sequence of analyte wavelengths in one monochromator scan and so achieves or
      exceeds the analysis speed of sequential ICP-OES. The requirements and
      implementation of an FS-FAAS instrument are presented in detail. FS-FAAS is a
      sequential multi element technique which retains the advantages of conventional
      FAAS, for example ease of use. While the FS-FAAS technique is an ideal tool for
      routine determination of elements in the mg L(-1) concentration range, it is
      still subject to common sources of error such as transport problems and long-term
      drift. The reference-element technique can be used to correct for these types of
      common interference; other advantages include correction of some errors which are
      induced during sample preparation, and improved analytical accuracy and
      precision. The reference-element technique when utilizing the FS- FAAS technique
      is described in detail and benefits of the technique will be demonstrated by
      comparing performance for selected applications, for example a mineral sample and
      a scrap wood digest.

PMID- 13680058
TI  - A multi-residue method for characterization and determination of atmospheric
      pesticides measured at two French urban and rural sampling sites.
AB  - The extensive use of pesticides to protect agricultural crops can result in the
      transfer of these compounds into the atmosphere and their diffusion towards urban
      areas. Precise evaluation of the geographic impact of this type of pollution is
      important environmentally. In this paper, analytical methods for the sampling,
      characterization, and determination of agricultural pesticides in air were
      developed; the methods were then applied in the Paris and Champagne regions.
      Sixteen pesticides belonging to nine chemical families were monitored. Sampling
      was carried out in urban (Paris) and rural (Aube district) sites, utilizing
      either a high-volume pump (12.5 m3 h(-1)) (urban site) or a low-volume pump (2.3
      m3 h(-1)) for the rural site. Quartz filters and polyurethane foams (PUF) were
      used for sampling in all cases. After extracting the samples and concentrating
      the recovered solutions, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis
      with UV detection was performed. Identification of the pesticides was confirmed
      by applying to the HPLC measurements a novel UV-detection procedure based on the
      normalized absorbance variation with wavelength (Noravawa procedure). The
      presence of metsulfuron methyl, isoproturon, linuron, deltamethrin (and/or
      malathion), and chlorophenoxy acids (2,4-D and MCPP) was found at the urban
      sampling site at levels ranging from about 1 to 1130 ng m(-3) of air, depending
      on the compound and sampling period. On the rural sampling site residues of
      isoproturon, deltamethrin (and/or malathion), MCPP, and 2,4-D were generally
      detected at higher levels (19-5130 ng m(-3)) than on the urban site, as expected.
      The effects of the weather conditions and agricultural activity on the
      atmospheric concentrations of pesticides are discussed, as are long-range
      atmospheric transfer processes for these pesticides.

PMID- 13680059
TI  - The use of ICPMS for stable isotope tracer studies in humans: a review.
AB  - The use of stable isotope tracers in human studies is a rapidly growing research
      field that benefits from the many new developments in inorganic mass
      spectrometric instrumentation and from the better availability of mass
      spectrometric techniques to nutritional scientists during the last three decades.
      Traditionally, thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) has been the preferred
      technique for these studies, but the development of new inductively coupled
      plasma mass spectrometric (ICPMS) techniques with better isotope-ratio
      measurement and interference-removal capabilities (e.g. single and multi-detector
      ICPMS and reaction/collision cell ICPMS) has enabled broader use of ICPMS for
      determination of stable isotope tracers in nutritional research. This review
      discusses the current and future use of ICPMS in stable isotope tracer studies in
      humans.

PMID- 13680060
TI  - Application of isotope-dilution laser ablation ICP-MS for direct determination of
      Pu concentrations in soils at pg g(-1) levels.
AB  - The methods available for determination of environmental contamination by
      plutonium at ultra-trace levels require labor-consuming sample preparation
      including matrix removal and plutonium extraction in both nuclear spectroscopy
      and mass spectrometry. In this work, laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma
      mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) was applied for direct analysis of Pu in soil and
      sediment samples. Application of a LINA-Spark-Atomizer system (a modified laser
      ablation system providing high ablation rates) coupled with a sector-field ICP-MS
      resulted in detection limits as low as 3x10(-13) g g(-1) for Pu isotopes in soil
      samples containing uranium at a concentration of a few microg g(-1). The isotope
      dilution (ID) technique was used for quantification, which compensated for matrix
      effects in LA-ICP-MS. Interferences by UH+ and PbO2+ ions and by the peak tail of
      238U+ ions were reduced or separated by use of dry plasma conditions and a mass
      resolution of 4000, respectively. No other effects affecting measurement
      accuracy, except sample inhomogeneity, were revealed. Comparison of results
      obtained for three contaminated soil samples by use of alpha-spectrometry, ICP-MS
      with sample decomposition, and LA-ICP-IDMS showed, in general, satisfactory
      agreement of the different methods. The specific activity of (239+240)Pu (9.8 +/-
      3.0 mBq g(-1)) calculated from LA-ICP-IDMS analysis of SRM NIST 4357 coincided
      well with the certified value of 10.4 +/- 0.2 mBq g(-1). However, the precision
      of LA-ICP-MS for determination of plutonium in inhomogeneous samples, i.e. if
      "hot" particles are present, is limited. As far as we are aware this paper
      reports the lowest detection limits and element concentrations yet measured in
      direct LA-ICP-MS analysis of environmental samples.

PMID- 13680061
TI  - How experimental design can improve the validation process. Studies in
      pharmaceutical analysis.
AB  - A critical discussion about the possibility of improving the method validation
      process by means of experimental design is presented. The reported multivariate
      strategies concern the evaluation of the performance parameters robustness and
      intermediate precision, and the optimisation of bias and repeatability. In
      particular, accuracy and precision improvement constitutes a special subset of
      experimental design in which the bias and the relative standard deviation of the
      assay are optimised. D-optimal design was used in order to plan experiments for
      this aim. The analytical methods considered were capillary electrophoresis, HPLC,
      adsorptive stripping voltammetry and differential pulse polarography. All methods
      were applied to real pharmaceutical analysis problems.

PMID- 13680062
TI  - Enzyme stabilization strategies based on electrolytes and polyelectrolytes for
      biosensor applications.
AB  - The achievements in the area of enzyme stabilization based on electrolytes,
      polyelectrolytes and polyols is reviewed, in the context of biosensor
      applications. Both the storage and operational stabilities of the biosensors can
      be improved using these stabilizers. The deactivation of the enzymes used for the
      development of biosensors from thermal shock, proteolytic degradation, and non
      specific metal-catalyzed oxidation can be drastically reduced with the use of one
      or more of these stabilizers. It is attempted to deconvolute the effect of these
      additives on (a) the storage stability or shelf life, and (b) the operational
      stabilities of the biosensors. Even though there are a large number of techniques
      and reports dealing with enzyme stabilization, their application to biosensor
      technology is still very limited. It is thus concluded that the use of the
      existing enzyme stabilization techniques will have a drastic effect on the
      storage and operational stabilities of biosensors in the near future.

PMID- 13680063
TI  - Simultaneous determination of selected endocrine disrupters (pesticides, phenols
      and phthalates) in water by in-field solid-phase extraction (SPE) using the
      prototype PROFEXS followed by on-line SPE (PROSPEKT) and analysis by liquid
      chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation-mass spectrometry.
AB  - In this study, a new procedure, based on on-line solid-phase extraction (SPE) and
      analysis by liquid-chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass
      spectrometry (LC-APCI-MS), has been developed for the simultaneous, multianalyte
      determination of 21 selected pesticides, phenols and phthalates in water. SPE was
      carried out on polymeric PLRP-s cartridges by percolating 20 mL-samples. For
      sample preconcentration, the performance of a prototype programmable field
      extraction system (PROFEXS) was evaluated against the commercial laboratory bench
      Prospekt system used for method development. The Profexs is designed for the
      automated on-site sampling, SPE preconcentration, and storage of up to 16 samples
      in SPE cartridges. These cartridges are further eluted and on-line analyzed with
      the Prospekt coupled to the chromatographic system. In the optimized method,
      where completely on-line SPE-LC-MS analysis of the samples is carried out with
      the Prospekt in the laboratory, detection limits lower than 100 ng/L, and
      satisfactory precision (relative standard deviations <25%) and accuracies
      (recovery percentages >75%) were obtained for most investigated compounds from
      the analysis of spiked Milli-Q water. The extraction efficiency achieved with the
      Profexs was comparable to that of the Prospekt for most compounds and somewhat
      lower for the most apolar analytes, probably due to adsorption on the pump
      filters. The completely on-line optimized method was applied to the analysis of
      surface water, ground water and drinking water from a waterworks in Barcelona.
      Some pesticides and phenols were found in both surface water and groundwater at
      ng/L or microg/L levels, but not in the final drinking water. Di(2
      ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) was present in all samples investigated, including
      blanks. To the author's knowledge, this is the first work describing the
      application of a fully automated on-line SPE-LC-MS method for the simultaneous
      analysis of pesticides, phenols, and phthalates in water, and the second one that
      examines the possibilities of the prototype Profexs for automated on-site SPE
      preconcentration of organic pollutants from water samples.

PMID- 13680064
TI  - A study of low level selenium determination by hydride generation atomic
      fluorescence spectrometry in water soluble protein and peptide fractions.
AB  - Development of a method for very low level selenium determination in water
      soluble protein and peptide fractions, obtained after various separation
      procedures, is presented. A hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry
      (HG-AFS) detection system was optimised and the influence of Cu(II), Sb(V),
      As(III) and HNO3 interferences in the measurement of Se by HG-AFS was
      investigated. A destruction procedure using HNO3 and H2O2 was also optimised and
      the average recovery of the digestion of a solution of selenomethioneine was 92
      +/- 4% (n=14). Combination of this digestion with the detection system gave
      reliable results. Accuracy was tested by comparison with two independent methods.
      A very low detection limit (DL) of 0.2 ng/g of measuring solution was achieved.
      The whole procedure from weighing to measuring was performed in the same Teflon
      tube. The addition of HNO3 to the fractions before long term storage at -20
      degrees C was necessary to prevent adsorption on the test tubes. Selenium was
      measured in water soluble protein and peptide fractions obtained after
      extraction, and Sephadex G-75 chromatography performed on liver samples from: i)
      hens exposed to As2O3, ii) hens fed with a high fat feed and iii) the certified
      reference material dogfish liver (CRM DOLT-2). Because of the very low DL we were
      able to observe the Se distribution in chromatographic fractions of samples of
      organisms which were not exposed to excess amounts of Se. The presence of
      selenium associated with metallothioneins was observed.

PMID- 13680065
TI  - Monolithic silica columns with chemically bonded beta-cyclodextrin as a
      stationary phase for enantiomer separations of chiral pharmaceuticals.
AB  - An enantioselective silica rod type chiral stationary phase (CSP) is presented; a
      novel combination of the well known enantiomer separation properties of beta
      cyclodextrin and the unique properties concerning the flow behavior of silica
      monoliths. Two different synthesis routes are described, and it was found that
      the in situ modification of a plain silica rod column turned out to be the best.
      The chromatographic behaviour of the beta-cyclodextrin silica rod was studied and
      compared with a very similar commercially available beta-cyclodextrin bonded
      particulate material (ChiraDex). Even if the amount of beta-cyclodextrin bound to
      the silica rod was only about half of the amount of beta-cyclodextrin bound to
      ChiraDex) particles, good resolutions were achieved for a set of chiral test
      components like Chromakalin, Prominal, Oxazepam, Methadone and some other drugs.
      By taking advantage of the unique features of the silica rods relating to their
      flat H/u (Van Deemter) curves, fast enantiomer separations could be demonstrated.

PMID- 13680066
TI  - Genetic algorithms based on wavelet transform for resolving simulated overlapped
      spectra.
AB  - Wavelet transform-based genetic algorithms are proposed for resolving simulated
      overlapped spectra. Wavelet transform as a derivative method is used for de
      noising, for deducting background absorption as well as for peak finding in order
      to get an estimation of parameters of unresolved spectra. Then genetic
      algorithms, using the estimations of parameters as input values, are employed to
      resolve unresolved bands. As a consequence, a good optimized solution was
      achieved since the reliable estimation of initial values can greatly facilitate
      the convergence of genetic algorithms and the calculation time is shortened
      accordingly.

PMID- 13680067
TI  - Determination of ultra-trace amounts of Fe in AgNO3 solutions by means of isotope
      dilution analysis applying an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer
      equipped with a dynamic reaction cell.
AB  - The development of an ICP-MS method for the determination of ultra-trace amounts
      of Fe in AgNO(3) solutions using isotope dilution for calibration is described.
      AgNO(3) solutions are used as raw materials in the production of traditional
      photographic materials, and it is known that contamination with metal traces can
      influence the quality of the films thus produced. After adding an appropriate
      amount of an (54)Fe-enriched spike and permitting isotopic equilibration to take
      place, Ag was selectively removed from the solutions by precipitation as AgBr.
      Although to some extent, co-precipitation of Fe is possible under the given
      circumstances, an incomplete recovery of the analyte element did not affect the
      accuracy of the results, owing to the use of isotope dilution for calibration.
      NH(3) was used as a reaction gas in a quadrupole-based ICP-MS instrument,
      equipped with a dynamic reaction cell (DRC), providing interference-free
      measurement of the (54)Fe/(56)Fe ratio. The limit of detection (LOD) obtained
      using this procedure was approximately 0.01 micro g g(-1). This is an excellent
      value in comparison with the detection limit obtained with the more traditional
      approach: sample dilution and external calibration with a Fe standard solution
      (LOD ~1 micro g g(-1)). To validate the method, recovery experiments were carried
      out. In all instances, a quantitative recovery was established. Finally, the
      method was applied to the analysis of AgNO(3) solutions. A large variation in Fe
      concentration was observed. Depending on the Fe content in the samples, relative
      standard deviations typically ranged between 1 and 14%.

PMID- 13680068
TI  - Quantifying selectivity: a statistical approach for chromatography.
AB  - A parameter for quantitative description of selectivity is defined. A model for
      quantification of selectivity based on a statistical approach is drawn up.
      Formulas for quantification of selectivity are derived, especially for
      chromatography. These are based on theoretical and-as far as needed-empirical
      functions (made evident by experimental data or numerical simulations) or at
      least worst-case assumptions. An example (GC-MS determination of atrazine in
      drinking water) shows how quantification of selectivity can be achieved in
      practice. The approach is intended to be used for validation purposes.

PMID- 13680069
TI  - Flow-injection spectrophotometric determination of cyanate in bioremediation
      processes by use of immobilised inducible cyanase.
AB  - A new flow injection (FI) method for photometric monitoring of cyanate in
      bioremediation processes using immobilised native cyanase is described. The
      method is based on the catalytic reaction between cyanate and bicarbonate to
      produce ammonia and carbon dioxide in the presence of an inducible native
      cyanase, immobilised in a reactor packed with glass beads. Two degrees of
      purification of the biocatalyst were used-heated cell-free extract and purified
      extract of cyanase from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes CECT 5344. The ammonia
      produced by the enzymatic reaction is finally monitored photometrically at 700 nm
      using a modification of the conventional Berthelot method. The method furnishes
      different calibration curves depending on the degree of purification of the
      cyanase, with linear ranges between 1.23 and 616.50 micromol L(-1) ( r(2)=0.9979,
      n=7) and between 1.07 and 308.25 micro mol L(-1) ( r(2)= 0.9992, n=7) for the
      heated cell-free extract and the purified cyanase extract, respectively. No
      statistically significant differences between the samples were found in the
      precision study evaluated at two cyanate concentration levels using one-way
      analysis of variance. A sampling frequency of 15 h(-1) was achieved. The method
      was used to monitor cyanate consumption in a cyanate bioremediation tank
      inoculated with Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes CECT 5344 strain. The correlation
      between cyanate degradation and ammonia production was tested using a
      conventional method. Finally, the method was applied to different samples
      collected from the bioremediation tank using the standard addition method;
      recoveries between 85.9 and 97.4% were obtained.

PMID- 13680071
TI  - Acute effects of gabapentin on laboratory measures of aggressive and escape
      responses of adult parolees with and without a history of conduct disorder.
AB  - RATIONALE: The possible role of GABA in human aggression was evaluated by
      administering gabapentin to subjects with and without a history of conduct
      disorder and comparing the effects on laboratory measures of aggression and
      escape. METHODS: Eighteen male and two female subjects with a history of criminal
      behavior participated in experimental sessions, which measured aggressive and
      escape responses. Ten subjects had a history of childhood conduct disorder (CD+)
      and ten subjects with no history (non-CD controls). Aggression was measured using
      the Point Subtraction Aggression Paradigm (PSAP), which provided subjects
      aggressive, escape and monetary reinforced response options. RESULTS: Acute doses
      (200, 400 and 800 mg) of gabapentin had similar effects on aggressive responses
      among CD+ subjects compared to non-CD control subjects. Aggressive responses of
      CD+ and non-CD control subjects increased at lower gabapentin doses, and
      decreased at the highest 800 mg gabapentin dose. Gabapentin increased escape
      responses for both CD+ and non-CD controls CD- subjects at the lowest dose, but
      then produced dose-related decreases at the two higher doses in both groups. No
      changes in monetary reinforced responses were observed, indicative of no CNS
      stimulation or sedation. CONCLUSIONS: Gabapentin produced similar bitonic effects
      upon aggressive and escape responses in subjects with and without a history of
      childhood conduct disorder. This is in marked contrast to prior differential
      effects of baclofen on aggressive responses between CD+ and non-CD control
      subjects in a previous study.

PMID- 13680070
TI  - Nicotine attenuates place aversion induced by naloxone in single-dose, morphine
      treated rats.
AB  - RATIONALE: Acute physical dependence refers to the withdrawal syndrome
      precipitated by an opioid antagonist administered several hours after either a
      single dose or a short-term infusion of an opioid agonist. OBJECTIVES: We
      examined the mechanism of nicotine-induced attenuation of naloxone-precipitated
      withdrawal syndrome when used to produce an aversive motivational state in a
      place-conditioning paradigm. METHODS: The effect of nicotine was investigated
      through place aversion induced by naloxone in morphine-pretreated rats.
      Additionally, the mechanism of nicotine action in this model was explored
      specifically in relation to the dopaminergic system through the use of dopamine
      receptor antagonist and agonist. RESULTS: Place avoidance behavior was potently
      elicited by naloxone (0.5 mg/kg s.c.) 24 h after a single exposure to morphine
      (10 mg/kg s.c.). Avoidance behavior was attenuated by pretreatment with a 0.2
      mg/kg dose of nicotine 15 min prior to naloxone administration. The effect of
      nicotine was completely blocked by mecamylamine, but not hexamethonium. The
      dopamine receptor antagonists haloperidol (0.05, 0.1 mg/kg, s.c.), SCH23390 (0.1
      mg/kg, s.c.), raclopride (1.0 mg/kg, s.c.) and eticlopride (0.1 mg/kg, s.c.)
      showed effects similar to mecamylamine. Additionally, the dopamine receptor
      agonist apomorphine (0.03, 0.1, 0.3 mg/kg, s.c.) inhibited naloxone-induced place
      aversion in morphine-treated rats. CONCLUSION: The inhibitory effect of nicotine
      on place aversion induced by naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal may
      involve a dopaminergic portion of the central nervous system.

PMID- 13680072
TI  - Baclofen reverses the reduction in prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle
      response induced by dizocilpine, but not by apomorphine.
AB  - RATIONALE: Since baclofen, the prototypical GABA(B) receptor agonist, is known to
      reduce the activity of dopaminergic mesolimbic neurons, a putative antipsychotic
      property of this compound has been suggested, but the evidence for this is still
      controversial. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to elucidate the
      effects of baclofen on the prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle
      response (ASR), a behavioral paradigm considered to be one of the most powerful
      tools for the evaluation of sensorimotor gating and for the screening of
      antipsychotics. METHODS: We tested the effects of baclofen (1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10
      mg/kg IP) in rats, per se and in co-treatment with some of the substances known
      to induce a robust reduction of PPI, such as apomorphine (0.25 mg/kg SC) and
      dizocilpine (0.1 mg/kg SC). Finally, in order to ascertain whether the effects of
      baclofen could be ascribed to its activity on GABA(B) receptors, we analyzed
      whether its action could be prevented by pretreatment with SCH 50911, a selective
      GABA(B) receptor antagonist (20 mg/kg IP). All the experiments were carried out
      using standard procedures for the assessment of PPI of the ASR. RESULTS: Baclofen
      per se produced no significant change in PPI parameters. Moreover, while no
      effect on apomorphine-mediated alterations in PPI parameters was observed,
      baclofen proved able to reverse dizocilpine-induced PPI disruption, and this
      effect was significantly prevented by SCH 50911. On the other hand, this last
      compound exhibited no effects per se at the same dose. CONCLUSIONS: These results
      indicate that GABA(B) receptors are implicated in the neurobiological circuitry
      accounting for glutamatergic action in sensorimotor gating, and therefore can be
      proposed as putative new targets in the pharmacological therapy of psychotic
      disorders. Further studies should be addressed to evaluate more closely the
      clinical efficacy of baclofen in this respect.

PMID- 13680073
TI  - Effects of rapid tryptophan depletion on mood and urge to drink in patients with
      co-morbid major depression and alcohol dependence.
AB  - RATIONALE: Rapid tryptophan depletion (RTD) has been used to study central
      serotonin function and may therefore be useful in understanding co-morbid alcohol
      dependence (AD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). OBJECTIVES: To examine (1)
      the effect of RTD on mood and urge to drink among patients with AD and MDD and
      (2) the association of RTD effects with alleles of a functional polymorphism in
      the gene encoding the serotonin transporter protein. METHODS: Double-blind,
      placebo-controlled study, in which 14 treatment responders recruited from one of
      two placebo-controlled trials of serotonergic antidepressants were enrolled.
      Patients underwent two day-long sessions, which were either a tryptophan
      depletion session or a sham session. During each session, mood and urge for
      alcohol were measured at regular intervals. RESULTS: Five hours after RTD, plasma
      TRP concentrations decreased by 73.1%. There was a significant effect of session
      on both mood and the urge to drink. Genotype moderated the effect of session on
      mood, such that, during RTD, individuals homozygous for the long allele reported
      greater depression than did subjects with one or two copies of the S allele.
      CONCLUSIONS: This study provides support for the role of serotonergic
      neurotransmission in modulating mood and alcohol urges, and underscores the
      utility of these effects as a phenotype for genetic analysis. These findings may
      also help to identify alcoholics who are at greatest risk for MDD.

PMID- 13680074
TI  - Angry cognitive bias, trait aggression and impulsivity in substance users.
AB  - RATIONALE: According to cognitive theory, people who are aggressive expect angry
      responses to ambiguous situations. Increased aggression has been reported a few
      days or weeks following use of MDMA (ecstasy). This may relate to low 5-HT
      release, and so a 5-HT challenge may increase cognitive bias towards anger
      differentially in MDMA users and non-users. OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether:
      (1) measures of anger and aggression will correlate with processing time of angry
      material and with generation of aggressive responses and (2) tryptophan challenge
      in people abstinent from MDMA and controls will affect angry cognitive bias.
      METHODS: Thirty-two current MDMA users abstinent for 3 weeks, 32 ex-users
      abstinent for longer than 1 year and 32 non-MDMA substance users were recruited.
      Trait measures were administered before and state measures before and 5 h after
      an amino acid drink, depleted or augmented with tryptophan. After the drink,
      subjects undertook a computer task, which involved reading ambiguous short
      stories. Reading times to a key sentence describing an angry or non-angry
      reaction were recorded and subjects wrote a continuing sentence for half the
      stories. RESULTS: Subjects were faster to process angry than non-angry reactions,
      indicating the presence of angry cognitive bias. Trait anger and aggression were
      correlated with processing time of angry relative to non-angry reactions,
      particularly in the current users. Impulsivity was correlated with non-specific
      speed of response. Subjects wrote more aggressive sentences after an angry
      reaction. Tryptophan depletion tended to increase aggressive content. Trait
      aggression was correlated with aggressive content following non-angry reactions.
      CONCLUSIONS: Evidence of angry cognitive bias was shown in this group of
      substance users, which was not specific to MDMA use. People high on trait
      aggression were more likely to expect an angry reaction to an ambiguous situation
      and to generate more written aggression when this did not occur.

PMID- 13680076
TI  - Hyperactivity to novelty induced by social isolation is not correlated with
      changes in D2 receptor function and binding in striatum.
AB  - RATIONALE: Prolonged social isolation has been reported to induce different
      behavioral disturbances, among the most consistent of which are the increased
      locomotor response to novelty and the effects of psychostimulants. While these
      behavioral changes have been partly related to a dysregulation of dopaminergic
      activity in striatum (dorsal and ventral), the involvement of changes in the
      function of dopamine receptors is still a matter of controversy. OBJECTIVES: To
      investigate the effects of prolonged social isolation on the function of D2
      receptors at both the behavioral and biochemical levels. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley
      rats were randomly placed at 21 days of age in groups or isolation for 2 months.
      Horizontal and vertical locomotor activities induced by novelty and also by
      systemic injections of the D2 agonist quinpirole (0.15, 0.50 and 1.5 mg/kg i.p.)
      and their modulation by the A2A agonist CGS 21680 (0.1 mg/kg i.p.) were studied.
      The effects of social isolation on the avoidance learning assessed by the passive
      avoidance test were also studied. Binding experiments were performed to study the
      number and affinity of D2 receptors by means of saturation and competition
      experiments with the D2 antagonist [(3)H]-raclopride and the interaction between
      D2 receptors and the G-protein by means of [(35)S]-GTPgammas binding in
      dorsal/ventral striatal membranes of both grouped and isolated rats. RESULTS:
      Rats reared in isolation were hyperactive to a novel environment and showed
      shorter retention latencies in the passive avoidance test. Isolation rearing did
      not modify the increase in motor activity produced by quinpirole nor the
      counteraction of these effects by the simultaneous stimulation of A2A receptors.
      Likewise, the number, affinity and functional efficacy of D2 receptors were not
      changed by social isolation. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the
      hyperactivity to novelty and psychostimulants as well as other behavioral changes
      induced by social isolation do not parallel changes in the in vivo function or
      binding of D2 receptors in dorsal/ventral striatum.

PMID- 13680075
TI  - Testing the validity of c-fos expression profiling to aid the therapeutic
      classification of psychoactive drugs.
AB  - RATIONALE: Different stimuli, including pharmacological stimuli, induce different
      neuroanatomical profiles of c-fos expression. Can these profiles be used in
      classifying psychoactive drugs and predicting therapeutic utility? OBJECTIVE: To
      test the validity of c-fos expression profiling to aid therapeutic
      classification. METHODS: Anxiolytics, antidepressants, antipsychotics and
      psychostimulants were compared. (i) A meta-analysis was performed and profiles
      compiled from literature reports of changes in c-fos expression in rat brain
      regions, measured by in situ hybridisation histochemistry or
      immunohistochemistry, after acute injection of psychoactive drugs. (ii) Male rat
      brains were profiled for changes in c-fos mRNA expression induced by acute
      injection of psychoactive drugs. RESULTS: (i) The meta-analysis showed that
      anxiolytics activate few (mostly stress-related) brain regions; antidepressants
      activate more regions, including the central amygdaloid nucleus; antipsychotics
      activate more regions still, including the nucleus accumbens and striatal areas;
      and psychostimulants activate the greatest number of all, including the most
      cortical regions (especially the piriform cortex). Profiles also varied within
      drug classes. (ii) Our experimental profiles confirmed and extended meta-analysis
      profiles, showing more downregulation. (iii) Sites activated by mirtazapine (an
      antidepressant not previously profiled) matched those of the antidepressant
      imipramine. CONCLUSIONS: (i) Differences between drug classes support their
      classification by means of c-fos profiling. Differences within classes may
      reflect mechanistic variations. (ii) Greater downregulation in our experiments
      might be because of inclusion of low, clinically relevant, drug doses and fuller
      coverage of brain regions. (iii) The agreement between mirtazapine and imipramine
      increases our confidence in the validity of c-fos expression profiling to aid
      drug classification and predict therapeutic utility.

PMID- 13680077
TI  - Nicotine enhances responding with conditioned reinforcement.
AB  - RATIONALE: The mesolimbic dopamine system has been implicated in the primary
      reinforcing properties of drugs of abuse as well as in enhanced responding with
      conditioned reinforcement produced by psychomotor stimulant drugs. Despite
      clinical observations that nicotine self-administration (i.e. smoking) depends
      strongly upon conditioned reinforcement (i.e. cues support smoking behavior),
      little is known about whether nicotine directly affects motivational processes.
      OBJECTIVE: In these experiments, we investigated whether acute nicotine would
      influence responding with conditioned reinforcement and the degree to which
      pretreatment with the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) antagonist
      mecamylamine would modify any nicotine-induced behavioral effects. METHODS: After
      subjects had been trained to associate an initially neutral stimulus with water
      reward, they received acute nicotine (43,25-350 micro g/kg SC; -5 min) or saline
      injections and were tested on the acquisition of a new response for conditioned
      reinforcement paradigm. In separate experiments, the effect of pretreatment with
      the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist mecamylamine (300 or 1000 micro
      g/kg SC; -20 min) alone, or in combination with nicotine (350 micro g/kg SC; -5
      min), on conditioned reinforcement was also examined. RESULTS: Acute nicotine
      injection produced a selective enhancement of responding with conditioned
      reinforcement (i.e. on the CR lever), without producing non-selective increases
      in overall responding. The effect of nicotine (350 micro g/kg SC; -5 min) was
      selectively blocked by mecamylamine (300 micro g/kg). CONCLUSIONS: These findings
      demonstrate that acute exposure to nicotine augments the control over behavior by
      a conditioned reinforcer, suggesting that nicotine may enhance motivational
      processes.

PMID- 13680078
TI  - Neonatal ethanol exposure produces a hyperalgesia that extends into adolescence,
      and is associated with increased analgesic and rewarding properties of nicotine
      in rats.
AB  - RATIONALE: Drug exposure during CNS development may alter subsequent dependence
      liability. We postulated that early alcohol exposure might produce persistent
      alterations in responses to noxious stimuli. Because relief of physical
      discomfort may be negatively reinforcing, changes in responses to noxious stimuli
      produced by early alcohol exposure may increase the rewarding properties of
      nicotine, a potent analgesic. Such factors may contribute to the high level of
      alcohol and nicotine co-abuse in humans. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study
      was to determine whether neonatal ethanol exposure in rats altered responses to
      noxious stimuli, and whether nicotine would then be more rewarding to the alcohol
      exposed offspring, perhaps via its analgesic actions. METHODS: Neonatal rats
      received ethanol by gavage (5.0 or 6.5 g/kg) on postnatal days (PND) 9-13. An iso
      caloric control group was also included. Rats were then tested to assess
      responsiveness to a mild noxious heat stimulus, as measured in the tail-flick
      assay (PND 14 and PND 28), for their response to acute analgesic injections of
      either nicotine or ethanol (PND 28), and for nicotine induced conditioned place
      preference (CPP) (PND 36). RESULTS: Neonatal ethanol exposure produced
      hyperalgesia during the first 24 h after alcohol withdrawal (PND 14) that
      continued through PND 28. The analgesic effects of 12.5 microg/kg nicotine were
      enhanced approximately 2-fold in adolescent rats with previous ethanol histories,
      relative to controls. These ethanol-exposed rats also showed a significant CPP to
      nicotine, whereas controls showed no CPP. CONCLUSIONS: Persistent decreases in
      tail-flick response latencies suggestive of hyperalgesia were observed following
      neonatal ethanol exposure in the rat. These changes were accompanied by increases
      in the analgesic and place-conditioning effects of nicotine in adolescence. If
      similar effects occur in humans, prenatal alcohol exposure may play a role in an
      increased risk for the rewarding effects and dependence liability of nicotine
      later in life.

PMID- 13680079
TI  - Elevated startle during withdrawal from acute morphine: a model of opiate
      withdrawal and anxiety.
AB  - RATIONALE: An elevated startle response has been observed in humans and animals
      during withdrawal from multiple substances of abuse, a phenomenon thought to
      reflect the anxiogenic effects of withdrawal. Although anxiety is a common
      symptom of opiate withdrawal, few studies have examined the effects of morphine
      withdrawal on acoustic startle. OBJECTIVE: To develop a procedure for assessing
      opiate dependence through measurement of the startle reflex in rats. METHODS: The
      effects of opiate withdrawal on startle were evaluated using both spontaneous and
      naloxone-precipitated withdrawal from an acute dose of morphine. The ability of
      the treatment drugs clonidine and chlordiazepoxide to block withdrawal-induced
      increases in startle was also tested. RESULTS: Spontaneous withdrawal from an
      injection of morphine sulfate produced a significant increase in acoustic startle
      2 h (3.2 mg/kg) or 4 h (10 mg/kg) after drug administration. Morphine withdrawal
      (10 mg/kg morphine sulfate) precipitated by the opiate antagonist naloxone (2.5
      mg/kg) also produced a significant increase in startle magnitude. This elevation
      of startle was blocked by both clonidine (35 microg/kg) and chlordiazepoxide (10
      mg/kg). CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that both spontaneous and
      precipitated withdrawal from an acutely administered opiate produce anxiety-like
      effects on acoustic startle. This paradigm may be useful in the study of anxiety
      and the early mechanisms of drug dependence.

PMID- 13680080
TI  - Electrolytic lesions and pharmacological inhibition of the dorsal raphe nucleus
      prevent stressor potentiation of morphine conditioned place preference in rats.
AB  - RATIONALE: Exposure to a single session of uncontrollable inescapable shock (IS),
      but not to identical controllable escapable shock, produces a potentiation of
      morphine's rewarding properties that is unusual in that the stressor can be given
      a number of days before the drug administration in an environment quite different
      from the drug context. Many other behavioral outcomes of stressors that depend on
      the uncontrollability of the stressor are mediated by alterations in serotonergic
      (5-HT) neurons within the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN). OBJECTIVES: The present
      experiments examined the role of the DRN and 5-HT in mediating the effect of IS
      on the rewarding properties of morphine as assessed by conditioned place
      preference (CPP). METHODS: In experiment 1, subjects received small electrolytic
      lesions of the DRN and were tested for morphine (3.0 mg/kg, SC) CPP after IS or
      control treatment. In experiment 2, subjects received an intra-DRN microinjection
      of the 5-HT(1A) agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT, 1.0
      microg/0.5 microl) either before IS or before morphine (3.0 mg/kg, SC) injections
      during CPP testing. RESULTS: IS potentiated morphine CPP in controls, but both
      DRN lesion and intra-DRN 8-OH-DPAT, either before IS or before morphine
      administration, completely blocked this effect. CONCLUSIONS: These data implicate
      alterations in DRN 5-HT neurons in the potentiation of morphine reward produced
      by uncontrollable stress.

PMID- 13680081
TI  - Effect of cannabinoids on lithium-induced vomiting in the Suncus murinus (house
      musk shrew).
AB  - RATIONALE: Marijuana has been reported to interfere with nausea and vomiting in
      chemotherapy patients. The principal cannabinoids found in marijuana include the
      psychoactive compound Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and the non-psychoactive
      compound cannabidiol (CBD). The experiments reported here evaluated the potential
      of THC and CBD to interfere with vomiting in the Suncus murinus (house musk
      shrew) produced by lithium chloride (LiCl), which is the most commonly employed
      unconditioned stimulus for taste avoidance. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the potential
      of the principal components of marijuana, THC and CBD, to suppress Li-induced
      vomiting in the house musk shrew. METHODS: Shrews were injected with vehicle or
      one of two cannabinoids [Delta-9-THC (1-20 mg/kg), or CBD (2.5-40 mg/kg)] 10 min
      prior to an injection of LiCl (390 mg/kg of 0.15 M) and were then observed for 45
      min. The frequency of vomiting episodes and the latency to the first episode were
      measured. The role of the CB1 receptor in these effects was also evaluated by
      pretreatment with SR-141716. RESULTS: Delta-9-THC produced a dose-dependent
      suppression of Li-induced vomiting, with higher doses producing greater
      suppression than lower doses. CBD produced a biphasic effect with lower doses
      producing suppression and higher doses producing enhancement of Li-induced
      vomiting. The suppression of Li-induced vomiting by THC, but not by CBD, was
      reversed by SR-141716. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that two major
      cannabinoid compounds found in marijuana, THC and CBD, are effective treatments
      for Li-induced vomiting; however, only THC acts by the CB1 receptor. The effects
      of THC and CBD on vomiting were dose dependent; with THC the effect was linear,
      but with CBD the effect was biphasic.

PMID- 13680082
TI  - The sleep-improving effects of doxepin are paralleled by a normalized plasma
      cortisol secretion in primary insomnia. A placebo-controlled, double-blind,
      randomized, cross-over study followed by an open treatment over 3 weeks.
AB  - RATIONALE: In primary care, sedating antidepressants are often used for treating
      insomnia, although their underlying sleep-promoting mechanisms are only
      incompletely understood. Since enhanced evening and nocturnal plasma cortisol
      levels are supposed to maintain insomniac sleep complaints, a functional link
      between sleep and cortisol secretion in the mode of action of antidepressants in
      insomnia might be suspected. OBJECTIVES: We therefore investigated the effects of
      the tricyclic antidepressant doxepin on nocturnal sleep and plasma cortisol
      concentration in ten patients (age 41.3+/-9.5 years) with chronic primary
      insomnia between 1700 hours and 0800 hours. METHODS: Single infusions of placebo
      and 25 mg doxepin were applied following a double-blind, randomized cross-over
      design. Afterward, all patients received 25 mg doxepin p.o. for 3 weeks in an
      open-study design. RESULTS: Both doxepin application forms improved sleep
      significantly and reduced mean cortisol levels from 9.0+/-1.7 microg/l (single
      placebo i.v.) to 7.5+/-1.6 microg/l (single doxepin i.v.) or 7.6+/-2.0 microg/l
      (subchronic doxepin p.o.). The duration of the quiescent period of the cortisol
      rhythm was significantly prolonged following both doxepin administrations
      compared with placebo. CONCLUSIONS: The results implicate that the sleep
      improving effects of doxepin are mediated at least in part by a normalization of
      hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functions. Although in some patients rebound
      insomnia and specific side effects must be considered, our findings give a
      further rationale for the use of antidepressants in the treatment of primary
      insomnia.

PMID- 13680083
TI  - Anxiolytic-like effects of NMDA/glycine-B receptor ligands are abolished during
      the elevated plus-maze trial 2 in rats.
AB  - RATIONALE: Drugs enhancing the GABA(A) and/or reducing the NMDA/glycine-B
      receptor activity produce an anxiolytic effect. Regarding the former drugs (e.g.
      benzodiazepines), prior elevated plus-maze (EPM) test experience abolishes the
      trial 2 anxiolytic activity, a phenomenon referred to as "one-trial tolerance"
      (OTT). OBJECTIVES: The present study examined whether the OTT phenomenon occurs
      with drugs that reduce the NMDA/glycine-B receptor activity. METHODS: Maze-naive
      and maze-experienced (prior EPM exposure) rats were treated with (+/-)-HA-966
      (2.0 or 4.0 mg/kg), (+)-MK-801 (0.03 or 0.06 mg/kg) or memantine (4.0 or 8.0
      mg/kg) and submitted to the EPM. To investigate whether the loss of drug
      responsiveness was due to pharmacological tolerance, rats received memantine (8.0
      mg/kg) both 48 h and 30 min before the first EPM exposure. RESULTS: All drugs
      increased open arms exploration, indicating an anxiolytic effect, in maze-naive
      but not in maze-experienced rats, in which increased open arms avoidance was
      observed. An anxiolytic effect was also observed after repeated memantine
      administration in maze-naive/drug-experienced rats. These effects were observed
      in the absence of changes in enclosed arms entries, an EPM general exploratory
      activity index. CONCLUSIONS: The present findings extend the OTT phenomenon to
      drugs that reduce the NMDA/glycine-B-receptor activity, and emphasize the
      repeated test exposure rather than repeated drug administration as a critical
      determinant for the drug anxiolytic activity. Considering the mechanisms by which
      the EPM experience alters the drug effects, the present findings favor the
      hypothesis in which the OTT phenomenon emerge as a consequence of the development
      and adoption of an anxiolytic-insensitive behavioral strategy.

PMID- 13680084
TI  - Reversal of a cholinergic-induced deficit in a rodent model of recognition memory
      by the selective 5-HT6 receptor antagonist, Ro 04-6790.
AB  - RATIONALE: Accumulating evidence suggests a potential role for the 5-HT(6
      )receptor in cognitive function and the potential use of 5-HT(6) receptor
      antagonists in the treatment of learning and memory disorders. OBJECTIVES: The
      aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of the selective 5-HT(6)
      receptor antagonist, Ro 04-6790, on both the performance of normal adult rats and
      restoration of a pharmacological disruption of memory function produced by the
      non-selective muscarinic receptor antagonist, scopolamine, or the dopamine D(2)
      receptor antagonist, raclopride, in a rodent model of recognition memory.
      METHODS: Passive, perceptually based, recognition memory was assessed using a
      novel object discrimination task. Following habituation to an arena, rats were
      presented with two identical objects during trial 1 (T(1)) and a novel and
      familiar object during trial 2 (T(2)). The time spent exploring the two objects
      in each trial was measured and novel object discrimination assessed in T(2).
      RESULTS: In the absence of drug all rats spent an equal time exploring the two
      identical objects in T(1) but more time exploring the novel object in T(2).
      Scopolamine (but not N-methylscopolamine) and raclopride both produced a dose
      dependent reduction in novel object discrimination whilst the 5-HT(6) receptor
      antagonist, Ro 04-6790, had no effect on discrimination when given alone but
      completely reversed the scopolamine- but not the raclopride-induced deficit.
      CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that acute administration of Ro 04-6790
      reverses a cholinergic but not a dopaminergic deficit in a rodent model of
      recognition memory and provides further support for a role of the 5-HT(6)
      receptor in the regulation of cognitive function.

PMID- 13680085
TI  - Effects of methylphenidate on impulsive choice in adult humans.
AB  - RATIONALE: Several studies with nonhumans and humans have shown that stimulants
      decrease impulsive choices on delay-to-reinforcement (self-control) procedures.
      Little is known, however, about the effects of the stimulant methylphenidate on
      choice for delayed reinforcers in humans. OBJECTIVES: The present study was
      designed to investigate the effects of acute methylphenidate administrations on
      impulsive responding in adult humans on a delay-to-reinforcement task. METHODS:
      Eleven adult males with a history of criminal behavior but no history of
      attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) participated. Impulsive
      responding was measured using an adjusting-delay procedure in which subjects were
      presented with repeated choices between a small amount of money delivered after a
      short delay and a larger amount of money delivered after a delay that adjusted as
      a function of previous choices. Subjects were exposed to four experimental
      sessions each day of participation and 60 min prior to the first daily session
      received placebo or 0.15, 0.30, or 0.60 mg/kg methylphenidate. Stable choice
      patterns were re-established between each methylphenidate dose. RESULTS:
      Individuals differed in their sensitivity to methylphenidate, but in over half of
      the subjects methylphenidate decreased impulsive (i.e., increased the number of
      self-control choices) and increased the delay to the large reinforcer. The
      largest increases in self-control choices tended to occur at the 0.30-mg/kg and
      0.60-mg/kg doses, and the effects often persisted across multiple daily sessions.
      In six subjects, under at least one methylphenidate dose, the number of impulsive
      choices decreased to zero. CONCLUSIONS: Acute methylphenidate administrations
      tended to decrease the number of impulsive choices in adult humans on an
      adjusting-delay procedure, although there were substantial individual differences
      in the sensitivity of choice to methylphenidate. In no case, however, did
      methylphenidate increase impulsive choices. These results are consistent with
      several recent laboratory studies with nonhumans and humans showing that
      stimulants increase preference for large, delayed reinforcers.

PMID- 13680086
TI  - Ethical issues in psychiatric genetics research: points to consider.
AB  - RATIONALE: Psychiatric genetics research warrants ethical consideration because
      of the complex nature of conducting research among affected families. When
      researchers identify compelling reasons to offer susceptibility data to
      participants, they face challenges to identify an infrastructure to convey
      information and means to ensure that undue research risks are not encountered.
      OBJECTIVES: To outline ethical issues in conducting research in psychiatric
      genetics with the aim of considering how the identification of susceptibility
      genes for psychiatric disorders may shape future research; to provide points to
      consider for conducting psychiatric genetics research with the anticipation of
      offering susceptibility data to participants. METHODS: Ethical issues that arise
      in psychiatric genetics research conducted with affected families are discussed
      along with reasons susceptibility data may be offered to participants in the
      future. RESULTS: We suggest that all researchers, even those who have no
      intention of offering susceptibility genetic results, consider how advances in
      knowledge might affect the provision of research findings. CONCLUSIONS: Existing
      ethical issues are likely to become even more pressing as susceptibility genes
      are identified for major psychiatric disorders. It behooves researchers, mental
      health professionals, and geneticists to consider how to use our growing
      scientific knowledge to best help participants in ways that anticipate and
      prevent, rather than respond to, ethical conflicts.

PMID- 13680087
TI  - Functional reactivity of central cholinergic systems following desipramine
      treatments and sleep deprivation.
AB  - This study examined the effects of acute and chronic desipramine, 24-h total
      sleep deprivation (TSD) and 96-h REM sleep deprivation (REMSD) on physostigmine
      induced hypothermia, analgesia and behaviour. The effects of acute and chronic
      desipramine treatment on oxotremorine-induced hypothermia were also examined.
      Intraperitoneal administration of physostigmine (0.5 mg/kg i.p.) induced
      hypothermia, analgesia, purposeless chewing movements (chewing) and head tremors.
      While atropine given in a low dose (1.0 mg/kg i.p. 15 min prior) did not
      antagonize the hypothermia, chewing and head tremor associated with physostigmine
      (0.5 mg/kg i.p.), a higher dose of atropine (10 mg/kg i.p. 15 min prior)
      decreased physostigmine-induced hypothermia, chewing and head tremor behaviour.
      Chronic (10 or 20 mg/kg i.p. daily for 10 days and withdrawn 24 h prior, chronic
      DMI) and acute (10 mg/kg, i.p. + 60 min prior, acute DMI) desipramine treatments
      abolished physostigmine (0.5 mg/kg i.p.)-induced hypothermia compared with saline
      pretreatment. Interestingly atropine (1 mg/kg i.p. 15 min prior) reversed the
      inhibitory effect of chronic DMI on hypothermia induced by physostigmine. Acute
      but not chronic DMI decreased physostigmine-induced chewing and head tremor
      behaviour. Atropine (1 mg/kg i.p. 15 min prior) increased the inhibitory action
      of acute DMI on physostigmine-induced chewing behaviour. Acute DMI (10 mg/kg
      i.p.) decreased oxotremorine (0.1 mg/kg i.p.)-induced hypothermia, while chronic
      DMI increased the hypothermic effect of oxotremorine. TSD and REMSD did not alter
      physostigmine (0.5 mg/kg i.p.)-induced hypothermia; however, REMSD and stress
      decreased physostigmine-induced analgesia and chewing.It is suggested that
      chronic desipramine treatment decreased physostigmine-induced hypothermia by
      causing hypersensitivity of pre-synaptic muscarinic receptors, whereas acute
      desipramine decreased the sensitivity of post-synaptic muscarinic receptors

PMID- 13680089
TI  - Acamprosate blocks the increase in dopamine extracellular levels in nucleus
      accumbens evoked by chemical stimulation of the ventral hippocampus.
AB  - Recently, we have shown that acamprosate is able to modulate extracellular
      dopamine (DA) levels in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and may act as an antagonist
      of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Neurochemical studies show that
      chemical stimulation (using NMDA) of the ventral subiculum (vSub) of the
      hippocampus produces robust and sustained increases in extracellular DA levels in
      the NAc, an effect mediated through ionotropic glutamate (iGlu) receptors. The
      present study examines whether acamprosate locally infused in the NAc of rats
      could block or attenuate the increase in NAc extracellular DA elicited by
      chemical stimulation (with 5 mM NMDA) of the ventral subiculum of the
      hippocampus. The stimulation of the vSub during perfusion of artificial
      cerebrospinal fluid in NAc induced a significant and persistent increase in NAc
      DA levels. Reverse dialysis of 0.05 mM acamprosate in NAc blocked the increase in
      DA evoked by the chemical stimulation of the vSub. These data support the
      possibility that the antagonism at the NMDA receptors in NAc can explain, at
      least in part, the mechanism of action of this drug.

PMID- 13680088
TI  - Analysis of the respiratory effects of cannabinoids in rats.
AB  - The objective of the present study was to evaluate the respiratory effects of
      cannabinoids and their influence on cardiovascular homeostasis.In spontaneously
      breathing urethane-anaesthetised rats, intravenous injection of the two synthetic
      cannabinoid receptor agonists WIN55212-2 and CP55940 strongly and dose
      dependently lowered mean arterial pressure, heart rate and the plasma
      noradrenaline concentration. The cardiovascular depressive effects were
      associated with a large decrease in respiratory rate, hypoxia, hypercapnia and
      blood acidosis. All depressor effects of WIN55212-2 were abolished by the
      selective CB(1) cannabinoid receptor antagonist SR141716A. The bradycardia
      elicited by WIN55212-2 was inhibited by the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
      antagonist methylatropine. The natural agonist Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol also
      elicited cardiovascular and respiratory depression. In contrast, WIN55212-3, an
      enantiomer of WIN55212-2 lacking affinity for cannabinoid receptors, had no
      effect. The cannabinoid-evoked decreases in blood pressure and heart rate were
      much more pronounced in spontaneously breathing than in artificially ventilated
      urethane-anaesthetised rats. In contrast, the plasma noradrenaline concentration
      was lowered equally in both preparations. Our results show that activation of
      CB(1) cannabinoid receptors not only induces cardiovascular depression, but also
      markedly impairs ventilation. The second major finding of the present study is
      that the respiratory depression evoked by cannabinoids largely amplifies the
      cardiovascular depression.

PMID- 13680090
TI  - The imidazoline NNC77-0020 affects glucose-dependent insulin, glucagon and
      somatostatin secretion in mouse pancreatic islets.
AB  - The effect of the novel imidazoline compound 2-[2-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)
      1-(5-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)-ethyl]-pyridine (NNC77-0020) on stimulus
      secretion coupling and hormone secretion was investigated in mouse pancreatic
      islets and isolated alpha- and beta-cells. In the presence of elevated glucose
      concentrations NNC77-0020 stimulated insulin secretion concentration dependently
      (EC(50) 64 nM) by 200% without affecting the whole-cell K(+) current or
      cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels. Capacitance measurements in single mouse beta-cells
      showed that intracellular application of NNC77-0020 via the recording pipette
      enhanced Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis. This action was dependent on protein kinase
      C (PKC) and cytoplasmic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)) activity and required
      functional granular ClC-3 Cl(-) channels. In intact islets NNC77-0020 stimulated
      glucose-dependent somatostatin secretion, an effect that was also dependent on
      PKC and cPLA(2) activity. NNC77-0020 also inhibited glucagon secretion. In single
      mouse alpha-cells this action was not associated with a change in spontaneous
      electrical activity and resulted from a reduction in the rate of Ca(2+)-dependent
      exocytosis. Inhibition of exocytosis by NNC77-0020 was pertussis toxin sensitive
      and mediated by activation of the protein phosphatase calcineurin. In conclusion,
      our data suggest that the imidazoline compound NNC77-0020 modulates pancreatic
      hormone secretion in a complex fashion, comprising glucose-dependent stimulation
      of insulin and somatostatin secretion and inhibition of glucagon release. These
      mechanisms of action constitute an ideal basis for the development of novel
      imidazoline-containing anti-diabetic compounds.

PMID- 13680093
TI  - Time-course of cadmium-induced acute hepatotoxicity in the rat liver: the role of
      apoptosis.
AB  - Exposure to toxic metals and pollutants is a major environmental problem. Cadmium
      is a metal causing acute hepatic injury but the mechanism of this phenomenon is
      poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism and time
      course of cadmium-induced liver injury in rats, with emphasis being placed on
      apoptosis in parenchymal and nonparenchymal liver cells. Cadmium (3.5 mg/kg body
      weight) was injected intraperitoneally and the rats were killed 0, 9, 12, 16, 24,
      48 and 60 h later. The extent of liver injury was evaluated for necrosis,
      apoptosis, peliosis, mitoses and inflammatory infiltration in hematoxylin-eosin
      stained liver sections, and by assaying serum enzyme activities. The number of
      cells that died via apoptosis was quantified by TUNEL assay. The identification
      of nonparenchymal liver cells and activated Kupffer cells was performed
      histochemically. Liver regeneration was evaluated by assaying the activity of
      liver thymidine kinase and by the rate of 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA.
      Both cadmium-induced necrotic cell death and parenchymal cell apoptosis showed a
      biphasic elevation at 12 and 48 h and peaked at 48 and 12 h, respectively.
      Nonparenchymal cell apoptosis peaked at 48 h. Peliosis hepatis, another
      characteristic form of liver injury, was first observed at 16 h and, at all time
      points, closely correlated with the apoptotic index of nonparenchymal liver
      cells, where the lesion was also maximial at 48 h. Kupffer cell activation and
      neutrophil infiltration were minimal for all time points examined. Based on
      thymidine kinase activity, liver regeneration was found to discern a classic
      biphasic peak pattern at 12 and 48 h. It was very interesting to observe that
      cadmium-induced liver injury did not involve inflammation at any time point.
      Apoptosis seems to be a major mechanism for the removal of damaged cells, and
      constitutes the major type of cell death in nonparenchymal liver cells. Apoptosis
      of nonparenchymal cells is the basis of the pathogenesis of peliosis hepatis. The
      first peaks of necrosis and parenchymal cell apoptosis seem to evolve as a result
      of direct cadmium effects whereas the latter ones result from ischemia.

PMID- 13680092
TI  - Tachykinin substance P signaling involved in diesel exhaust-induced
      bronchopulmonary neurogenic inflammation in rats.
AB  - This study characterizes the molecular neurotoxicity of diesel exhaust (DE) on
      the tachykinin substance P (SP) signaling system in the lungs. A total of 96
      female Fischer 344/NH rats (approximately 175 g, approximately 4 weeks old) were
      randomly assigned to eight groups in a 2 x4 factorial design: capsaicin versus
      non-capsaicin (vehicle) pretreatment, and filtered room air versus two exposure
      levels of DE with diesel engine room control. The rats were exposed nose-only to
      room air or low (35.3 micro g/m(3)) and high concentrations (669.3 micro g/m(3))
      particulates directly from a Cummins N14 research engine at 75% throttle for 4
      h/day, 5 days/week, for 3 weeks. The findings showed that exposure to DE dose
      dependently induced bronchopulmonary neurogenic inflammation, both in capsaicin-
      and vehicle-pretreated rats, as measured by plasma extravasation, edema, and
      inflammatory cells. DE inhalation affected the SP signaling processes, including
      stored SP depletion and the gene/protein overexpression for neurokinin-1
      receptor. DE also significantly reduced the activity of neutral endopeptidase, a
      main degradation enzyme for SP. Consequently, these changes may be regarded as
      critical factors that switched neurogenic pulmonary responses from their
      protective functions to a detrimental role that perpetuates lung inflammation.
      These changes may possibly be associated with the mass concentration of DE
      particles due to their physico-chemical characteristics. Moreover, capsaicin
      pretreated rats had more sensitivity to these levels of DE exposure due to
      stimulation of bronchopulmonary C-fibers. However, the effects of capsaicin
      treatment were not consistent and apparent in this study. Taken together, our
      findings suggest that neurokininergic mechanisms may possibly be involved in DE
      induced lung inflammation, but that bronchopulmonary C-fibers did not dominate DE
      induced inflammatory abnormalities.

PMID- 13680094
TI  - Apoptosis and oxidative stress induced by ochratoxin A in rat kidney.
AB  - Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a widespread mycotoxin produced by several species of
      fungi. OTA induces a tubular-interstitial nephropathy in humans and in animals.
      It has been implicated as one of the aetiological agents involved in the
      development of endemic nephropathy. OTA-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis
      may play key roles in the development of chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis
      connected to the long-term exposure to this food contaminant. We studied the
      effects of low doses of OTA on kidney cells. Wistar rats were treated with 120
      microg OTA/kg bodyweight daily, for 10, 30 or 60 days. Toxin concentration in
      kidney was proportional to the time of exposure, and amounted to 547.2, 752.5 and
      930.3 ng OTA/g kidney tissue after 10, 30 and 60 days, respectively. OTA
      treatment caused an increased number of cells undergoing apoptosis in both
      proximal and distal epithelial kidney cells. The apoptotic cells were visualised
      using the TUNEL assay and staining with haematoxylin and eosin in situ. The
      number of apoptotic cells in rats treated for 10, 30 and 60 days increased by 5-,
      6.4- and 12.7-fold, respectively, compared with the control cells. However, DNA
      electrophoresis did not show characteristic fragmentation (DNA laddering). The
      oxidative stress was evident via increased malondialdehyde formation. The
      concentration of lipid peroxides showed an increase (36%), but the activity of
      superoxide dismutase decreased (26%) in 60-day treated rats. In spite of the
      observed biochemical and morphological changes in the kidney cells, renal
      functional status was preserved to the end of experiment. This study demonstrates
      that a combination of morphologic and biochemical markers can be used to monitor
      early cell death in OTA-induced renal injury. We have shown that the exposure to
      the relatively low OTA concentrations has activated apoptotic processes and
      oxidative damage in kidney cells.

PMID- 13680095
TI  - Vanadyl sulfate can differentially damage DNA in human lymphocytes and HeLa
      cells.
AB  - Using the comet assay, we showed that vanadyl sulfate induced DNA damage in human
      normal lymphocytes and in HeLa cells. Vanadyl at 0.5 and 1 mM produced DNA single
      and double-strand breaks (SSBs and DSBs) in lymphocytes, whereas in HeLa cells
      we observed only SSBs. Post-treatment of vanadyl-damaged DNA from lymphocytes
      with formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (Fpg), an enzyme recognizing oxidized
      purines, gave rise to a significant increase in the extent of DNA damage. A
      similar effect was observed in HeLa cells, but, using endonuclease III, we also
      detected oxidized pyrimidines in DNA of these cells. There were no differences in
      the extent of DNA damage in the lymphocytes and HeLa cells in the pH >13 and pH
      12.1 conditions of the comet assay, which indicates that strand breaks, and not
      alkali-labile sites, contributed to the measured DNA damage. Study of DNA repair,
      determined in the comet assay as an ability of cells to decrease of DNA damage,
      revealed that HeLa cells retained the ability to repair vanadyl-damaged DNA
      induced at a ten-fold higher concentration than that in lymphocytes. Incubation
      of the cells with nitrone spin traps DMPO, POBN and PBN decreased the extent of
      DNA damage, which might follow from the production of free radicals by vanadyl
      sulfate. The presence of vitamins A, C or E caused an increase of DNA damage in
      HeLa cells whereas in lymphocytes such an increase was observed only for vitamin
      C. Our data indicate that vanadyl sulfate can be genotoxic for normal and cancer
      cells. It seems to have a higher genotoxic potential for cancer cells than for
      normal lymphocytes. Vitamins A, C and E can increase this potential.

PMID- 13680096
TI  - Transcellular signalling pathways and TNF-alpha release involved in formation of
      reactive oxygen species in rat alveolar macrophages exposed to tert
      butylcyclohexane.
AB  - In the present work, the effects of aliphatic ( n-nonane and n-decane), alicyclic
      (1,2,4-trimethylcyclohexane and tert-butylcyclohexane, t-BCH) and aromatic
      (trimethylbenzene and tert-butylbenzene) hydrocarbon solvents on formation of
      reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha in rat
      alveolar macrophages (AM) have been investigated. Formation of ROS was assessed
      by monitoring oxidation of 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin to 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein
      (DCF), and the proinflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)
      was detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. DCF fluorescence was
      elevated in a concentration-dependent manner by the alicyclic hydrocarbons. The
      involvement of transcellular signalling pathways in the production of ROS by t
      BCH, the most active compound, was elucidated by use of specific inhibitors.
      Preincubation of the AM with the mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK 1/2)
      inhibitor U0126, the protein kinase C inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide, the
      superoxide dismutase inhibitor diethyldithiocarbamate, and the iron ion chelating
      agent deferoxamine reduced the DCF fluorescence significantly. t-BCH gave an
      increase in TNF-alpha release. Further, nitric oxide production measured by a
      modified Griess method, and intracellular calcium concentration measured by fura
      2, were increased in the rat AM after exposure to t-BCH.

PMID- 13680097
TI  - An additional regulator, TsaQ, is involved with TsaR in regulation of transport
      during the degradation of p-toluenesulfonate in Comamonas testosteroni T-2.
AB  - The degradation of p-toluenesulfonate (TSA) by Comamonas testosteroni T-2 is
      initiated by a transport system (TsaST) and enzymes (TsaMBCD) encoded on the tsa
      transposon, Tn tsa, on the TSA plasmid (pTSA). Tn tsa comprises an insert of 15
      kb between two IS 1071 elements. The left-hand 6 kb and the right-hand 6 kb are
      nearly mirror images. The regulator of the tsaMBCD1 genes (right-hand side) is
      the centrally located LysR-type TsaR, which is encoded upstream of tsaMBCD1 on
      the reverse strand. The other centrally located genes are tsaS and tsaT, encoded
      downstream of tsaR and on the same strand as both tsaR and tsaMBCD2. The latter
      four genes are not expressed. Downstream of tsaD1 (tsaD2) is tsaQ1 (tsaQ2) and
      another open reading frame of unknown function. The tsaQ genes have identical
      sequences. Sequence analysis indicated that TsaQ could be an IclR-type regulator,
      whose expression during degradation of TSA was proven by data from RT-PCR. Both
      copies of tsaQ could be knocked-out by homologous recombination. Double mutants
      failed to grow with TSA but grew with p-toluenecarboxylate (TCA), which is also
      degraded via TsaMBCD. This showed TsaQ to be essential for the degradation of TSA
      but not TCA. We attributed this to regulation of the transport of TSA, especially
      to regulation of the expression of tsaT, which was expressed solely during growth
      with TSA. Seven independently isolated bacteria containing the tsa operon were
      available. Those six which contained tsaT on Tn tsa also contained tsaQ. The
      promoter region of tsaT was found to be a target of the regulator TsaR. Band
      shift data indicate that TsaR is required for the expression of tsaT, which
      suggests that tsaR and tsaQ(1,2), together with tsaMBCD1, belong to a common
      regulatory unit.

PMID- 13680098
TI  - Chromosomally encoded gyrase inhibitor GyrI protects Escherichia coli against DNA
      damaging agents.
AB  - DNA gyrase, a type II topoisomerase, is the sole supercoiling activity in the
      cell and is essential for cell survival. There are two proteinaceous inhibitors
      of DNA gyrase that are plasmid-borne and ensure maintenance of the plasmids in
      bacterial populations. However, the physiological role of GyrI, an inhibitor of
      DNA gyrase encoded by the Escherichia coli genome, has been elusive. Previously,
      we have shown that GyrI imparts resistance against microcin B17 and CcdB. Here,
      we find that GyrI provided partial/limited protection against the quinolone class
      of gyrase inhibitors but had no effect on inhibitors that interfere with the
      ATPase activity of the enzyme. Moreover, GyrI negated the effect of alkylating
      agents, such as mitomycin C and N-methyl- N-nitro- N-nitrosoguanidine, that act
      independently of DNA gyrase. Hence, in vivo, GyrI appears to be involved in
      reducing DNA damage from many sources. In contrast, GyrI is not effective against
      lesions induced by ultraviolet radiation. Furthermore, the expression of GyrI
      does not significantly alter the topology of DNA. Thus, although isolated as an
      inhibitor of DNA gyrase, GyrI seems to have a broader role in vivo than
      previously envisaged.

PMID- 13680099
TI  - Clinical utility of dual-energy vertebral assessment (DVA).
AB  - The current study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical utility of DVA, a
      system for imaging the lateral spine on the Lunar Prodigy densitometer. DVA
      images were obtained and bone density of the lumbar spine and proximal femur
      measured in 297 subjects (272 women), aged 64+/-13 years. The images were
      classified as: normal (N) if no fractures were detected and all vertebrae between
      T6 and L4 were visualized, fracture (F) if any vertebra had a fracture (defined
      as 25% or more reduction in the vertebral height) even if some of the other
      vertebrae could not be visualized, and un-interpretable (U) if at least one of
      the vertebra between T6 and L4 could not be classified and no fractures were
      detected in the visualized vertebrae. A subset of 66 patients also had standard
      radiographs of the thoracic and lumbar spine. Compared to radiographs, DVA had a
      95% sensitivity to detect fractures and 82% specificity (to exclude them). Among
      all 297 subjects studied, DVAs were interpretable in 87%. They were classified as
      N in 204 (68%), F in 55 (19%) and U in 38 (13%). The reasons for un
      interpretability were: scoliosis, scapular or rib shadow, severe arthritic
      changes and multiple vertebral compression fracture with severe spinal
      deformities. Only 11% of F subjects gave a history of a vertebral fracture, and
      only 56% of F subjects met the BMD criteria for osteoporosis (T score <-2.5).
      These results indicate that adding DVA, a low radiation and relatively low cost
      "point of service" procedure, to BMD measurement provides the clinician with a
      more comprehensive fracture risk assessment than that afforded by clinical
      evaluation and BMD measurement alone.

PMID- 13680100
TI  - Regarding the systematic review of hip protectors undertaken by Waldegger et al.

PMID- 13680102
TI  - Superiority of age and weight as variables in predicting osteoporosis in
      postmenopausal white women.
AB  - Identification of women at risk for osteoporosis is of great importance for the
      prevention of osteoporotic fractures. Routine BMD measurement of all women is not
      feasible for most populations, hence identification of a high-risk subset of
      women is an important element of effective preventive strategies. METHODS: We
      identified 959 postmenopausal non-Hispanic women aged 51 years and above from the
      NHANES III study to assess the relative contribution of risk predictors for low
      BMD at the whole proximal femur and the femoral neck regions. Based on recognized
      risk factors for osteoporosis identified by a systematic literature search, we
      ran several multiple linear regression models based on the results of preceding
      bivariate analyses. We show several models based on their explanatory ability
      assessed by adjusted r(2), ROC, and C-value analyses rather than on the
      coefficients and P values. We furthermore examined the sensitivity, specificity,
      and predictive values of our preferred models for various cutoff T-scores-the
      choice of which will vary depending on different study goals and population
      characteristics. RESULTS: Age and weight were by far the most informative
      predictors for low bone mineral density out of a list of 20 candidate risk
      predictors. Our preferred prediction models for the two regions hence contained
      only two variables: i.e., age and measured weight. The resulting parsimonious
      model to predict BMD at whole proximal femur had an adjusted r(2) of 0.43, an
      area under the ROC curve of 0.85, and a C-value of 0.70. Similarly, prediction
      for BMD at the femoral neck had adjusted r(2), area under the curve, and C-value
      of 0.39, 0.83, and 0.66, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The model equations,
      predicted T-score = -1.332-0.0404 x (age) + 0.0386 x (measured weight) and
      predicted T-score = -1.318-0.0360 x (age) + 0.0314 x (measured weight) for whole
      proximal femur and femoral neck, respectively, can be used in field conditions
      for screening purposes. More complex prediction equations add little explanatory
      power. Based on the study goals and the population characteristics, specific
      cutoff T-scores have to be decided before using these equations.

PMID- 13680103
TI  - Vitamin D status and its relationship with bone mineral density in healthy Asian
      Indians.
AB  - Synthesis of vitamin D takes place in the skin under the effect of sunlight. The
      Indian subcontinent is situated between 8.4 degrees N and 37.6 degrees N
      latitudes and has adequate sunshine throughout the year. Thus, it has been
      presumed that Indians are vitamin D sufficient. We measured serum 25-hydroxy
      vitamin D [25(OH)D] ( n=92) and 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D [1, 25(OH)(2)D] ( n=65)
      levels in healthy hospital staff, using (125)I radioimmunoassay. Serum intact
      parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentration was estimated by immunoradiometric assay.
      Bone mineral density was estimated using a dual energy X-ray absorptiometer
      (Hologic QDR 4500A). Using a serum 25(OH)D level of 15 ng/ml as a cutoff, 66.3%
      (61/92) of the subjects were found to be vitamin D deficient. Of these, 20.6%
      (19/92) subjects had severe vitamin D deficiency (<5 ng/ml), 27.2% (25/92) had
      moderate vitamin D deficiency (5-9.9 ng/ml), while 18.5% (17/92) had mild vitamin
      D deficiency (10-14.9 ng/ml). When a serum 25(OH)D level of 20 ng/ml was used as
      a cutoff, 78.3% subjects were diagnosed to be vitamin D deficient/insufficient.
      The serum 1,25(OH)(2)D level was within the normal range (40.6+/-20.1 pg/ml; mean
      +/- SD). Mean (+/-SD) serum intact PTH, estimated in a limited number of subjects
      (n=15), was 72.3 (+/-21.0) pg/ml (range 36-100 pg/ml). There was a significant
      correlation between daily sun exposure and 25(OH)D levels (r=0.731, P<0.001). The
      serum 25(OH)D level correlated with BMD at the femoral neck and Ward's triangle
      (r=0.50, P=0.020 and r=0.46, P=0.037, respectively). Our findings show that
      vitamin D deficiency is common in urban north Indian hospital staff. The possible
      reasons include inadequate sunlight exposure and skin pigmentation in Indians.
      The serum 1,25(OH)(2)D level is not a good indicator of vitamin D deficiency. A
      low serum 25(OH)D level is possibly one of the reasons for lower bone mineral
      density among Indians.

PMID- 13680104
TI  - The role of periosteal flap in the prevention of femoral widening in anterior
      cruciate ligament reconstruction using hamstring tendons.
AB  - Tunnel widening in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction has been reported
      for many years, whatever the type of plasty (allo- or autograft) or graft
      (patellar or hamstring tendons). Recently, the hypothesis has been formulated
      that widening would be responsible for later laxity of the knees. Micromobility
      of the graft or biological factors are classically responsible for the
      enlargement. In order to improve the biological conditions around the graft
      within the tunnel, we have developed a surgical technique using a periosteal
      flap. The periosteal flap is harvested at the superior and medial metaphysis of
      the tibia and wrapped around the proximal part of the four strands of gracilis
      and semitendinosus tendons near the outlet of the femoral tunnel. Forty-one
      patients with isolated rupture of the ACL were included in a prospective and
      randomized study: the first group of 20 patients had femoral fixation by Transfix
      and resorbable screw, the second group of 21 patients had femoral fixation by
      Transfix and periosteal flap. The diameters of the tunnel were measured between
      the sclerotic margins at the tunnel entrance and 1 cm above, and compared to the
      peroperative drill size. The percentage change in diameter was calculated as:
      (tunnel diameter-drill size)/drill size. The two groups of patients were
      comparable as to gender, side, age, KT-1000 side to side difference, femoral
      tunnel diameter and follow-up. At 2.5 months and 11 months postoperatively on
      average, there was a significant reduction of enlargement at the outlet of the
      tunnel with the use of a periosteal flap but widening was constant.

PMID- 13680105
TI  - The effect of two nonresorbable suture types on the mechanical performance over a
      metal suture anchor eyelet.
AB  - An understanding of the mechanical properties of different suture materials is
      valuable when selecting the most appropriate suture and repair technique. Sutures
      should be strong, easy to handle and have high knot security. The introduction of
      suture anchors adds an additional variable regarding the effect of stress risers
      over the eyelet. Improving the mechanical properties of a suture may be a
      possible method to help avoid failure over stress risers such as the eyelet of
      suture anchor. This study examined the static and viscoelastic properties of a
      new polyethylene based non-resorbable suture (Fibrewire) over the eyelet of a
      standard anchor compared to braid polyester non-resorbable suture (Ethibond).
      Fibrewire had superior ultimate load properties compared to Ethibond (360.2 N+/
      23.8 vs 191.9 N+/-17.3) as well as greater stiffness (61.3 N/mm+/-9.7 vs 8.1
      N/mm+/-0.4) when tested in uniaxial tension through a metal anchor eyelet (Mitek)
      ( p<0.001). Fibrewire demonstrated greater stress relaxation than Ethibond (
      p<0.05). Differences in the static and viscoelastic properties of suture may have
      implications in the post-operative period or during rehabilitation.

PMID- 13680106
TI  - Basic principles for surgical reconstruction of the PCL in chronic posterior knee
      instability.
AB  - This article describes the various options which are available for posterior
      cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction in a chronic situation. On the femoral
      side, one- or two-bundle grafts may be used. In laboratory conditions, 2-bundle
      reconstruction makes it possible to mimic more closely the biomechanics of the
      native PCL. However, until now there is no clear-cut clinical evidence that 2
      bundle reconstruction leads to a better outcome than the 1-bundle one. On the
      tibial side, either a tunnel or an inlay technique can be used. The advantages
      and drawbacks of both techniques are still subject to debate. The results of the
      laboratory tests are currently in favour of the inlay fixation; however, again,
      the clinical issue remains to be established. In any case, proper PCL graft
      positioning is the key issue for a successful reconstruction. Finally, in
      combined posterior and postero-lateral instabilities it is necessary to correct
      all the components of the instability and to perform a high tibial valgus
      osteotomy in the case of varus alignment.

PMID- 13680108
TI  - Anterior cruciate reconstruction combined with autologous osteochondral
      transplantation.
AB  - The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the results of simultaneous
      anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and osteochondral autograft
      transplantation performed in patients suffering an anterior instability
      associated with symptomatic full-thickness cartilage defects. Our clinical report
      includes the first 21 patients (six women, 15 men) who have been followed up for
      32 months or longer. The average patient age was 29 years (range 22-44 years),
      and mean time from injury to the combined reconstructive surgery was 10 months
      (range 4-27 months). The cartilage defects had a mean area of 3.5 cm2 (range 2.0
      5.0 cm2). All patients were evaluated according to the IKDC, Lysholm and Tegner
      scoring scales by an independent observer. A visual analogue scale (VAS)
      reflecting patient pain was evaluated. Assessment using the IKDC knee scoring
      scale revealed 81% of the patients with a normal or nearly normal knee joint.
      There was a significant improvement in subjective discomfort, and the KT-1000
      arthrometric evaluation showed a reduction of the ventral tibial translation (5.9
      to 1.9 mm). All but two patients had returned to full activities without
      restriction and were asymptomatic. The results of this study suggest that
      symptomatic full-thickness articular cartilage defects associated with ACL
      instability can be effectively treated by performing ACL reconstruction and
      osteochondral autologous grafts in one procedure. However, only the years which
      follow will show the long-term outcome of the patients.

PMID- 13680109
TI  - A 7-year study of severe hospital-acquired pneumonia requiring ICU admission.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To examine the characteristics, prognostic factors, and outcome of
      patients with severe hospital-acquired pneumonia admitted to the ICU. DESIGN AND
      SETTING: Prospective observational clinical study in two medical-surgical ICUs
      with 16 and 20 beds PATIENTS AND PARTICIPANTS: During a 7-year period all
      hospitalized patients requiring admission to either ICU for hospital-acquired
      pneumonia were followed up. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: We diagnosed 96 episodes of
      severe hospital-acquired pneumonia, and in 67 cases a causal diagnosis was made.
      Most episodes were late-onset pneumonia. Gram-negative micro-organisms were
      isolated in 51% of episodes diagnosed, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most
      frequent pathogen isolated (24%). Clearly significant variations happened between
      hospitals, particularly affecting the incidence of Aspergillus spp. and
      Legionella pneumophila. Forty-nine patients developed septic shock (51%). Fifty
      one patients died (53%). Aspergillosis and pneumonia due to P. aeruginosa were
      associated with the highest mortality. Septic shock (OR: 14.27) and chronic
      obstructive pulmonary disease (OR: 6.11) were independently associated with a
      poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with severe hospital-acquired pneumonia
      admitted to the ICU present high mortality. The presence of septic shock and
      chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in conjunction with specific microorganisms
      are associated with a poor prognosis. Local epidemiological data combined with a
      patient-based approach may allow a more accurate therapy decision making.

PMID- 13680110
TI  - Candidemia in critically ill patients: difference of outcome between medical and
      surgical patients.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Candidemia is increasingly encountered in critically ill patients with
      a high fatality rate. The available data in the critically ill suggest that
      patients with prior surgery are at a higher risk than others. However, little is
      known about candidemia in medical settings. The main goal of this study was to
      compare features of candidemia in critically ill medical and surgical patients.
      DESIGN: Ten-year retrospective cohort study (1990-2000). SETTING: Medical and
      surgical intensive care units (ICUs) of a teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Fifty-one
      patients with at least one positive blood culture for Candida species. MAIN
      RESULTS: Risk factors were retrieved in all of the patients: central venous
      catheter (92.1%), mechanical ventilation (72.5%), prior bacterial infection
      (70.6%), high fungal colonization index (45.6%). Candida albicans accounts for
      55% of all candidemia. The overall mortality was 60.8% (85% and 45.2% in medical
      and surgical patients, respectively). Independent factors associated with
      survival were prior surgery (hazard ratio [HR] =0.25; 0.09-0.67 95% confidence
      interval [CI], p<0.05), antifungal treatment (HR =0.11; 0.04-0.30 95% CI, p<0.05)
      and absence of neutropenia (HR =0.10; 0.02-0.45 95% CI, p<0.05). Steroids,
      neutropenia and high density of fungal colonization were more frequently found
      among medical patients compared to surgical ones. CONCLUSIONS: Candidemia
      occurrence is associated with a high mortality rate among critically ill
      patients. Differences in underlying conditions could account for the poorer
      outcome of the medical patients. Screening for fungal colonization could allow
      identification of such high-risk patients and, in turn, improve outcome.

PMID- 13680111
TI  - Comparison of the bispectral index monitor with the Comfort score in assessing
      level of sedation of critically ill children.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To compare the value of bispectral index as a monitor of sedation in
      critically ill children with a validated sedation scoring system. DESIGN:
      Prospective convenience sample. SETTING: Paediatric intensive care unit in a
      tertiary paediatric centre. PATIENTS AND PARTICIPANTS: Forty-three critically ill
      children receiving sedation and mechanical ventilation. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS:
      Simultaneous recording of bispectral index (BIS) and assessment of depth of
      sedation using the Comfort score were performed at regular intervals. To
      determine if BIS could detect episodes of arousal, times of endotracheal
      suctioning and the corresponding BIS score were recorded. There was an overall
      moderate correlation between BIS scores and Comfort scores ( r=0.50, r(2)=0.25,
      p<0.0001). Children who had a neurological reason for their current admission (
      n=25) showed a weaker correlation ( r=0.26, r(2)=0.06, p<0.007) than those (
      n=15) with normal neurology ( r=0.51, r(2)=0.26, p<0.0001). There were no
      significant differences in the rise in BIS following endotracheal suctioning
      among any of the predefined depths of sedation. There was a correlation of r=0.84
      ( r(2)=0.71) (SE of slope 0.49, CI(95) 1.79-3.88) for mean BIS values for each
      individual Comfort score from 8-23. Using Spearman's rank correlation of Comfort
      versus mean BIS, the correlation coefficient was r=0.92. CONCLUSIONS: Bispectral
      index scores correlate with Comfort scores to a moderate degree. BIS is able to
      discriminate between light and deep levels of sedation, but not between deep and
      very deep levels of sedation. The BIS monitor may provide a useful method for
      assessing sedation in critically ill children, especially those receiving
      neuromuscular blockers.

PMID- 13680112
TI  - Impact of adequacy of initial antimicrobial therapy on the prognosis of patients
      with ventilator-associated pneumonia.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To study the prognostic impact of the appropriateness of initial
      antimicrobial therapy in patients suffering from ventilator-associated pneumonia
      (VAP). DESIGN AND SETTING: Observational cohort from January 1994 to December
      2001 in one intensive care unit (ICU) from an university-affiliated, urban
      teaching hospital. PATIENTS: All 132 consecutive patients exhibiting
      bacteriologically documented VAP during ICU stay. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS:
      Initial antimicrobial treatment was deemed appropriate when the period from
      initial VAP diagnosis and subsequent administration of antibiotics was within 24
      h and all causative pathogens were in vitro susceptible to at least one of the
      antibiotics of the regimen. Such a treatment was present in 106 episodes. Fifty
      eight patients died. In bivariate analysis an appropriate initial antimicrobial
      therapy was associated with a significantly lower mortality rate (40% vs. 62%).
      In multivariate analysis the three independent factors present upon VAP onset and
      associated with death were pulmonary involvement of more than a single lobe on
      chest radiograph, platelet count less than 150000/mm(3), and Simplified Acute
      Physiology Score II higher than 37. Appropriate antimicrobial therapy was
      associated with a nonsignificant trend toward a lower mortality. CONCLUSIONS: In
      our cohort the mortality rate was lower in patients suffering from VAP when the
      initial antimicrobial therapy was appropriate. However, such a factor did not
      appear as an independent prognostic factor.

PMID- 13680113
TI  - Pharmacokinetics and the most suitable dosing regimen of fluconazole in
      critically ill patients receiving continuous hemodiafiltration.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate fluconazole pharmacokinetics and the dosage best suited to
      maintain effective plasma concentration in patients with continuous
      hemodiafiltration. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective study in the general intensive
      care unit of a university hospital. PATIENTS: Four critically ill patients being
      treated with fluconazole and receiving continuous hemodiafiltration.
      INTERVENTIONS: Fluconazole was administered at three dosing regimens: 200 and 400
      mg every 24 h, 400 mg every 12 h, and 800 mg every 24 h. MEASUREMENTS AND
      RESULTS: The following pharmacokinetic variables for fluconazole were obtained:
      The mean volume distribution of steady state dosed at 400 mg every 12 h and 800
      mg every 24 h were 0.55+/-0.23 and 0.71+/-0.16 l/kg, half-life of the elimination
      phase 8.08+/-0.83 and 9.12+/-0.75 h, total body clearance of fluconazole 1.14+/
      0.44 and 0.98+/-0.20 ml/kg per minute, respectively. None of the dosing regimens
      reached the effective plasma trough concentration of fluconazole; however,
      simulation study found the recommended dose. CONCLUSIONS: Continuous
      hemodiafiltration is highly effective in removing fluconazole from circulation.
      We recommend fluconazole to be dosed at 500-600 mg intravenously every 12 h in
      patients receiving hemodiafiltration. This dosing regimen resulted in adequate
      trough plasma levels for systemic fungal infection.

PMID- 13680114
TI  - Reproducibility of mini-BAL culture results using 10 ml or 20 ml instilled fluid.

PMID- 13680115
TI  - Improved survival of critically ill cancer patients with septic shock.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To identify predictors of 30-day mortality in critically ill cancer
      patients with septic shock. DESIGN: Retrospective study over a 6-year period.
      SETTING: Twelve-bed medical intensive care unit (ICU). PATIENTS: Eighty-eight
      patients (55 men, 33 women) aged 55 (43.5-63) years admitted to the ICU for
      septic shock. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Eighty (90.9%)
      patients had hematological malignancies and eight (9.1%) had solid tumors; 47
      patients (53.4%) were neutropenic, 19 (21.6%) were hematopoietic stem cell
      transplantation (HSCT) recipients, and 27 (30.7%) were in remission.
      Microbiologically documented infections were found in 60 (68.2%) patients. The
      Simplified Acute Physiologic Score II (SAPS II) and Logistic Organ Dysfunction
      (LOD) scores at ICU admission were 66 (47-89) and 7 (5-10), respectively, and the
      LOD score on day 3 was 8 (4-10). Sixty-eight (78.1%) patients received invasive
      mechanical ventilation (MV), 12 (13.6%) noninvasive MV, 22 (25%) dialysis. Thirty
      day mortality was 65.5% (57/88). By multivariable analysis, mortality was higher
      when time to antibiotic treatment was >2 h [odds ratio (OR), 7.05; 95% confidence
      interval (95% CI), 1.17-42.21] and when DLOD (day 3-day 1 LOD score/day 3 LOD
      score) was high (OR, 3.47; 95% CI, 1.44-8.39); mortality was lower when admission
      occurred between 1998 and 2000 (OR, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.05-0.98) and when initial
      antibiotics were adapted (OR, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.06-0.09). CONCLUSIONS: Earlier ICU
      admission and antibiotic treatment of critically ill cancer patients with septic
      shock is associated with higher 30-day survival. The LOD score change on day 3 as
      compared to admission is useful for predicting survival.

PMID- 13680116
TI  - Changes in regional blood flow and pCO(2) gradients during isolated abdominal
      aortic blood flow reduction.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: pCO(2) gradients are used for the assessment of splanchnic regional
      and local mucosal blood flow changes in experimental and clinical research.
      pCO(2) gradients may not parallel blood flow changes because of concomitant
      changes in metabolism, hemoglobin, temperature, and the Haldane effect. DESIGN
      AND SETTING: A randomized, controlled animal experiment in a university
      experimental research laboratory. INTERVENTIONS: An extracorporeal shunt with
      reservoir and roller pump was inserted between the proximal and the distal
      abdominal aorta in 16 pigs. In animals randomized to the low-flow group ( n=8)
      splanchnic perfusion was reduced by running the roller pump. At baseline and
      after 45 min of stable shunt flow superior mesenteric artery, celiac trunk,
      spleen artery, and portal vein blood flows and regional venous-arterial and
      jejunal and gastric mucosal-arterial pCO(2) gradients were measured, and the
      respective regional O(2) consumption rates (VO(2)) calculated. MEASUREMENTS AND
      RESULTS: In the low-flow group all regional blood flows and the associated VO(2)
      decreased to roughly 50% of baseline values, and hemoglobin decreased from 7.3
      (4.4-9.6) g/dl to 5.7 (4.1-8.9) g/dl. Decreasing regional blood flows were
      consistently associated with increasing regional and mucosal pCO(2) gradients.
      CONCLUSIONS: During isolated reduction in abdominal aortic blood flow there is no
      preferential distribution to any splanchnic vascular bed and changes in regional
      pCO(2) gradients reflect consistently the associated blood blow changes.

PMID- 13680117
TI  - Evaluation of a new invasive continuous cardiac output monitoring system: the
      truCCOMS system.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To compare measurements of cardiac output using a new pulmonary artery
      catheter with those obtained using two "gold standard" methods: the periaortic
      transit time ultrasonic flow probe and the conventional pulmonary artery
      thermodilution. DESIGN: Prospective clinical trial. SETTING: Cardiac surgery
      operating room and surgical ICU in a university hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS:
      In the operating room, a new pulmonary artery catheter (truCCOMS system) was
      inserted in eight patients. A periaortic flow probe was inserted in four of them.
      Measurements of cardiac output obtained with the truCCOMS catheter and with the
      flow probe were compared at different phases of the surgical procedure. In the
      intensive care unit, the cardiac output displayed by the truCCOMS monitor was
      compared with the value obtained after bolus injection performed subsequently.
      RESULTS: In the operating room (70 measurements), the coefficient of correlation
      between cardiac output measured by the flow probe and the truCCOMS system was r2
      = 0.79, the bias was +0.11 l/min with a precision of 0.47 l/min, and limits of
      agreement -0.83 to +1.05 l/min. In the intensive care unit (108 measurements),
      the coefficient of correlation between cardiac output measured by thermodilution
      and the truCCOMS system was r2 = 0.56, the bias was -0.07 l/min, the precision
      was 0.66 l/min, and the limits of agreement were -1.39 to +1.25 l/min.
      CONCLUSION: The truCCOMS system is a reliable method of continuous cardiac output
      measurement in cardiac surgery patients.

PMID- 13680118
TI  - Hypotension during intermittent hemodialysis: new insights into an old problem.

PMID- 13680119
TI  - Risk factors for intubation as a guide for noninvasive ventilation in patients
      with severe acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Noninvasive ventilation may reduce the endotracheal intubation rate in
      patients with acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema. However, criteria for selecting
      candidates for this technique are not well established. We analyzed a cohort of
      patients with severe acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema managed by conventional
      therapy to identify risk factors for intubation. These factors were used as guide
      for indications for noninvasive ventilation. DESIGN AND SETTING: Observational
      cohort registry in the ICU and emergency and cardiology departments in a
      community teaching hospital. PATIENTS: . 110 consecutive patients with acute
      cardiogenic pulmonary edema, 80 of whom received conventional oxygen therapy.
      INTERVENTIONS: Physiological measurements and blood gas samples registered upon
      admission. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Twenty-one patients (26%) treated with
      conventional oxygen therapy needed intubation. Acute myocardial infarction, pH
      below 7.25, low ejection fraction (<30%), hypercapnia, and systolic blood
      pressure below 140 mmHg were independent predictors for intubation. Conversely,
      systolic blood pressure of 180 mmHg or higher showed to be a protective factor
      since only two patients with this blood pressure value required intubation (8%)],
      both presenting with a pH lower than 7.25. Considering systolic blood pressure
      lower than 180 mmHg, patients who showed hypercapnia presented a high intubation
      rate (13/21, 62%) whereas the rate of intubation in patients with normocapnia was
      intermediate (6/23, 26%). All normocapnic patients with pH less than 7.25
      required intubation. No patient with hypocapnia was intubated regardless the
      level of blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with pH less than 7.25 or systolic
      blood pressure less than 180 mmHg associated with hypercapnia should be promptly
      considered for noninvasive ventilation. With this strategy about 40% of the
      patients would be initially treated with this technique, which would involve
      nearly 90% of the patients that require intubation.

PMID- 13680120
TI  - End-of-life decisions in intensive care units: attitudes of physicians in an
      Italian urban setting.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To assess the attitudes of physicians in Milan, Italy, intensive care
      units (ICUs) regarding end-of-life decisions. DESIGN: Anonymous self-administered
      questionnaire. SETTING: All 20 ICUs in Milan. PARTICIPANTS: Physicians employed
      in the ICUs. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: The response rate was 87% (225 of 259).
      Eighty-two percent of respondents estimated that <10% of deaths in their ICU
      followed foregoing treatment, whereas 6% estimated that more of 25% deaths
      followed foregoing treatment. Male gender, long professional experience, and
      activity mainly in the ICU were significantly associated with greater willingness
      to forego life-sustaining treatments. Eighty-nine percent of respondents said
      ethical consultation on end-of-life decisions was never sought; 58% said they
      would not respect the expressed desire of the patient to forego treatment; and
      48% never noted the decision to forgo treatment on the clinical record. After a
      decision to withdraw treatment, 31% of physicians said they maintained ongoing
      treatment, but withheld CPR for cardiac arrest; 47% considered withholding and
      withdrawing life support were not ethically equivalent. CONCLUSIONS: Most
      physicians considered that most ICU deaths were not the result of deliberately
      foregoing life support. Although the overall trend was to intervene minimally in
      patients' dying, individual factors significantly influenced end-of-life
      decisions. Few physicians sought external ethical advice and decisions were
      entirely taken by the medical team. Direct involvement of family and treating
      physician was limited, and the expressed wishes of the patient were generally
      ignored.

PMID- 13680121
TI  - Massive hemoptysis due to Rasmussen aneurysm: detection with helicoidal CT
      angiography and successful steel coil embolization.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To present the successful management of two cases of massive
      hemoptysis related to pulmonary aneurysms in patients with active tuberculosis.
      DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective study in the respiratory intensive care unit
      (ICU) of a university hospital. PATIENTS: Between July 1996 and January 2002, 46
      cases of hemoptysis related to active tuberculosis needed ICU admission. In two
      cases, pulmonary aneurysm was the source of bleeding. RESULTS: Diagnosis was
      suspected on enhanced CT scan and confirmed by pulmonary angiograms.
      Transcatheter occlusion of pulmonary arterial circulation was successful. Both
      patients were alive at 1-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Massive hemoptysis
      occurring in patients with active tuberculosis could arise from pulmonary
      aneurysms. In such cases, bronchial artery embolization is ineffective. Before
      referring those patients for emergency surgery, an alternative strategy using
      angiographic study and transcatheter occlusion of pulmonary arterial circulation
      might be of interest.

PMID- 13680122
TI  - Fluorocarbons facilitate lung recruitment.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: "Open the lung and keep it open" is increasingly accepted as a
      fundamental principle for mechanical ventilation. However, it is sometimes very
      difficult, or impossible, to recruit the diseased lung. We questioned whether one
      could facilitate recruitment by using a low dose of fluorocarbon in a model
      previously shown to be non-recruitable by conventional sustained inflation
      maneuvers. DESIGN AND SETTING: Experimental prospective study in a university
      laboratory. ANIMALS AND INTERVENTIONS: Nine saline-lavaged rabbits subjected to
      prolonged large tidal volume mechanical ventilation to establish significant lung
      injury were randomly allocated to two groups: control [High Frequency Oscillation
      (HFO) alone: n=4] or 1 ml/kg fluorocarbon (FC) treated (HFO/FC: n=5) for 2+1 h
      (experiment 1). An additional four similarly prepared animals were treated by
      single-lung instillation of 0.5 ml/kg dose of fluorocarbon and underwent serial
      computerized tomography scans at a series of predetermined step-wise pressure
      increase in both lungs (experiment 2). MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: In experiment 1
      there was a very significant improvement in oxygenation in HFO/FC group (PaO(2)
      increased from 108 mmHg to 424+/-81 mmHg; P<0.05) while there was no significant
      change in the control group. In experiment 2 lung volumes were determined using
      three-dimensional reconstruction. The lung having fluorocarbon showed a 2.4-fold
      increase in lung volume at inflation pressure of 15 cmH(2)O compared to the lung
      without fluorocarbon. CONCLUSIONS: We propose that the low equilibrium surface
      tension and positive spreading coefficient of fluorocarbon facilitates lung
      recruitment by ungluing adherent surfaces in this model of lung injury.

PMID- 13680123
TI  - The prevalence of insulin autoantibodies at the onset of Type 1 diabetes is
      higher in males than females during adolescence.
AB  - AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The incidence of Type 1 diabetes shows little sex bias up to age
      15 years, but more males are diagnosed in early adult life. Humoral responses to
      the beta cell antigen insulin could help to reveal the mechanism underlying this
      difference. We therefore determined the influence of sex on the prevalence of
      insulin autoantibodies (IAA) at diagnosis. METHODS: IAA were measured by
      radiobinding assay in 598 patients with newly diagnosed Type 1 diabetes (aged
      10.5, range 0.8-20.7 years, 333 male), and analysed according to age, sex and HLA
      class II genotype. RESULTS: Overall, 74% of males and 65% of females had IAA
      above the 97.5(th) centile of 2860 schoolchildren ( p=0.028). IAA prevalence was
      similar in males and females under the age of 15 (0-4 yr, 95% vs 88%; 5-9 yr, 76%
      vs 73%; 10-14 yr, 67% vs 58%), but male excess was seen between 15 and 21 years
      (66% vs. 32%, p(corr)=0.016). HLA class II genotype was available for 426
      patients. IAA prevalence in DR4 homozygous patients was 87%, in DR4 heterozygous
      patients 72% and in DR4 negative patients 55% ( p<0.001). Multivariate analysis
      showed independent association of IAA with age ( p<0.001), number of DR4 alleles
      ( p<0.001) and male sex ( p=0.002). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: The prevalence of
      IAA in patients with newly diagnosed Type 1 diabetes is higher in males than
      females between 15 and 21 years of age. The lower prevalence of IAA in adolescent
      females implies sex-specific modulation of the autoimmune process during puberty.

PMID- 13680124
TI  - Type VIII adenylyl cyclase in rat beta cells: coincidence signal
      detector/generator for glucose and GLP-1.
AB  - AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The secretory function of pancreatic beta cells is
      synergistically stimulated by two signalling pathways which mediate the effects
      of nutrients and hormones such as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), glucose
      dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) or glucagon. These hormones are known to
      activate adenylyl cyclase in beta cells. We examined the type of adenylyl cyclase
      that is associated with this synergistic interaction. METHODS: Insulin release,
      cAMP production, adenylyl cyclase activity, mRNA and protein expression were
      measured in fluorescence-activated cell sorter-purified rat beta cells and in the
      rat beta-cell lines RINm5F, INS-1 832/13 and INS-1 832/2. RESULTS: In primary
      beta cells, glucagon and GLP-1 synergistically potentiate the stimulatory effect
      of 20 mmol/l glucose on insulin release and cAMP production. Both effects are
      abrogated in the presence of the L-type Ca(2+)-channel blocker verapamil. The
      cAMP-producing activity of adenylyl cyclase in membranes from RINm5F cells is
      synergistically increased by Ca(2+)-calmodulin and recombinant GTP(gamma)S
      activated G(s alpha)-protein subunits. This type of regulation is characteristic
      for type I and type VIII AC isoforms. Consistent with this functional data, AC
      mRNA analysis shows abundant expression of type VI AC, four splice variants of
      type VIII AC and low expression level of type I AC in beta cells. Type VIII AC
      expression at the protein level was observed using immunoblots of RINm5F cell
      extracts. CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION: This study identifies type VIII AC in
      insulin-secreting cells as one of the potential molecular targets for synergism
      between GLP-1 receptor mediated and glucose-mediated signalling.

PMID- 13680125
TI  - Increased expression of NAD(P)H oxidase subunits, NOX4 and p22phox, in the kidney
      of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and its reversibity by interventive
      insulin treatment.
AB  - AIM/HYPOTHESIS: An increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) could
      contribute to the development of diabetic nephropathy. NAD(P)H oxidase might be
      an important source of ROS production in kidney as reported in blood vessels. In
      this study, we show the increased expression of essential subunits of NAD(P)H
      oxidase, NOX4 and p22phox, in the kidney of diabetic rats. METHODS: The levels of
      mRNA of both NOX4 and p22phox were evaluated in kidney from streptozotocin
      induced diabetic rats and age-matched control rats at 4 and 8 weeks after onset
      of diabetes by Northern blot analysis. The localization and expression levels of
      these components and 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), which is a marker of ROS
      induced DNA damage, were also evaluated by immunostaining. RESULTS: The levels of
      both NOX4 and p22phox mRNA were increased in the kidney of diabetic rats as
      compared with control rats. Immunostaining analysis showed that the expression
      levels of NOX4 and p22phox were clearly increased in both distal tubular cells
      and glomeruli from diabetic rats. Both the localization and the expression levels
      of these components were in parallel with those of 8-OHdG. Interventive insulin
      treatment for 2 weeks completely restored the increased levels of these
      components in the diabetic kidney to control levels in parallel with those of 8
      OHdG. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: This study provides evidence that NAD(P)H
      oxidase subunits, NOX4 and p22phox, were increased in the kidney of diabetic
      rats. Thus, NAD(P)H-dependent overproduction of ROS could cause renal tissue
      damage in diabetes. This might contribute to the development of diabetic
      nephropathy.

PMID- 13680126
TI  - A high carbohydrate diet does not induce hyperglycaemia in a mitochondrial
      glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient mouse.
AB  - AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The electrons of the glycolysis-derived reduced form of NADH are
      transferred to mitochondria through the NADH shuttle system. There are two NADH
      shuttles: the glycerol phosphate and malate-aspartate shuttle. Mice with a
      targeted disruption of mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, a rate
      limiting enzyme of the glycerol phosphate shuttle, are not diabetic and have
      normal islet glucose-induced secretion. In this study, we analyzed if
      environmental factors, such as a high carbohydrate diet could contribute to the
      development of Type 2 diabetes mellitus in mice with a specific defective genetic
      background. METHODS: The mice were fed with a high carbohydrate diet for 1 and 6
      months, and several biochemical parameters were analysed. The mitochondrial
      respiratory activity was assayed by polarography; and the islet function was
      studied by islet perifusion and pancreas perfusion. RESULTS: The high
      carbohydrate diet induced hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinaemia, and islet
      hyperplasia in the wild-type and heterozygote mice. Activity of the respiratory
      chain complex I also increased in these mice. In contrast, these effects were not
      observed in the null mice fed with the diet; in addition, these null mice had an
      increased insulin sensitivity compared to wild-type mice.
      CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION: The phenotype of the mice with an impairment of NADH
      shuttles does not worsen when fed a high carbohydrate diet; moreover, the diet
      does not compromise islet function.

PMID- 13680129
TI  - Calcium channels are present in the apical plasma membranes of the
      hepatopancreatic B-cells of Marsupenaeus japonicus.
AB  - This study demonstrates the existence of calcium channels in the apical membranes
      of the hepatopancreatic blister (B) cells of Marsupenaeus japonicus. Using brush
      border membrane vesicles we demonstrated that the channel-mediated calcium
      passive flux was saturable and was stimulated by a transmembrane electrical
      potential difference and inhibited by barium. We raised a monoclonal antibody
      (Mab 24A4) against the calcium channel, which allowed us to inhibit the channel
      mediated calcium uptake. By immunocytochemistry, using Mab 24A4, we demonstrated
      that these channels are located at the apical membrane of hepatopancreatic B
      cells. Finally, by measuring the calcium uptake in R- and B-enriched cell
      suspensions, we showed that only the plasma membrane of the B cells expresses a
      channel-mediated calcium uptake inhibited by barium, verapamil and the monoclonal
      antibody 24A4. The plasma membrane of R cells did not show calcium channels.

PMID- 13680128
TI  - Intrauterine programming of fetal islet gene expression in rats--effects of
      maternal protein restriction during gestation revealed by proteome analysis.
AB  - AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Fetal undernutrition can result in intrauterine growth
      restriction and increased incidence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Intrauterine
      malnutrition in form of an isocaloric low-protein diet given to female rats
      throughout gestation decreases islet-cell proliferation, islet size and
      pancreatic insulin content, while increasing the apoptotic rate and sensitivity
      to nitrogen oxide and interleukin-1beta. Hence, the influence of a low-protein
      diet on the development of beta-cells and islets could also be of interest for
      the pathogenesis of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. We hypothesise that the
      effects of a low-protein diet in utero are caused by intrauterine programming of
      beta-cell gene expression. METHODS: Pregnant Wistar rats were fed a low-protein
      diet (8% protein) or a control diet (20% protein) throughout gestation. At day
      21.5 of gestation fetal pancreata were removed, digested and cultured for 7 days.
      Neoformed islets were collected and analysed by proteome analysis comprising 2
      dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. RESULTS: A total of 2810
      different protein spots were identified, 70 of which were changed due to the low
      protein diet. From 45 of the changed protein spots, identification was obtained
      by mass spectrometry (64% success rate). Proteins induced by the low-protein diet
      were grouped according to their biological functions, e.g. cell cycle and
      differentiation, protein synthesis and chaperoning. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION:
      Our study offers a possible explanation of the alterations induced by a low
      protein diet in islets. It shows that in Wistar rats the intrauterine milieu
      could program islet gene expression in ways unfavourable for the future of the
      progeny. This could be important for our understanding of the development of Type
      1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 13680127
TI  - Fatty acid metabolism and insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells.
AB  - Increases in glucose or fatty acids affect metabolism via changes in long-chain
      acyl-CoA formation and chronically elevated fatty acids increase total cellular
      CoA. Understanding the response of pancreatic beta cells to increased amounts of
      fuel and the role that altered insulin secretion plays in the development and
      maintenance of obesity and Type 2 diabetes is important. Data indicate that the
      activated form of fatty acids acts as an effector molecule in stimulus-secretion
      coupling. Glucose increases cytosolic long-chain acyl-CoA because it increases
      the "switch" compound malonyl-CoA that blocks mitochondrial beta-oxidation, thus
      implementing a shift from fatty acid to glucose oxidation. We present arguments
      in support of the following: (i) A source of fatty acid either exogenous or
      endogenous (derived by lipolysis of triglyceride) is necessary to support normal
      insulin secretion; (ii) a rapid increase of fatty acids potentiates glucose
      stimulated secretion by increasing fatty acyl-CoA or complex lipid concentrations
      that act distally by modulating key enzymes such as protein kinase C or the
      exocytotic machinery; (iii) a chronic increase of fatty acids enhances basal
      secretion by the same mechanism, but promotes obesity and a diminished response
      to stimulatory glucose; (iv) agents which raise cAMP act as incretins, at least
      in part, by stimulating lipolysis via beta-cell hormone-sensitive lipase
      activation. Furthermore, increased triglyceride stores can give higher rates of
      lipolysis and thus influence both basal and stimulated insulin secretion. These
      points highlight the important roles of NEFA, LC-CoA, and their esterified
      derivatives in affecting insulin secretion in both normal and pathological
      states.

PMID- 13680130
TI  - High content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in muscle phospholipids of a fast
      runner, the European brown hare (Lepus europaeus).
AB  - To investigate both seasonal changes and possible intracorporal gradients of
      phospholipid fatty acid composition, skeletal muscles ( n=124), hearts ( n=27),
      and livers ( n=34) from free-living brown hares (Lepus europaeus) were analyzed.
      Phospholipids from both skeletal muscles and heart had a high degree of
      unsaturation with 66.8+/-0.63% and 65.7+/-0.5% polyunsaturated fatty acids,
      respectively. This is the highest proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids
      reported in any mammalian tissue. Polyunsaturated fatty acid content in skeletal
      muscles was 2.3% greater in winter compared to summer (F(1,106)=17.7; P=0.0001),
      which may reflect thermoregulatory adjustments. Arachidonate (C20:4n-6) showed
      the greatest seasonal increase (+2.5%; F=7.95; P=0.0057). However, there were no
      pronounced differences in polyunsaturated fatty acid content between skeletal
      muscles from different locations in the body (m. iliopsoas, m. longissimus dorsi
      and m. vastus). Total muscle phospholipid polyunsaturated fatty acid content was
      correlated with polyunsaturated fatty acid content in triacyglycerols from
      perirenal white adipose tissue depots ( r(2)=0.61; P=0.004). Polyunsaturated
      fatty acids were enriched in muscle phospholipids (56.8-73.6%), compared to white
      adipose tissue lipids (20.9-61.2%), and liver phospholipids (25.1-54.2%). We
      suggest that the high degree of muscle membrane unsaturation is related to hare
      specific traits, such as a high maximum running speed.

PMID- 13680131
TI  - Metabolic responses induced by fasting in the common vampire bat Desmodus
      rotundus.
AB  - This study explored the effects of fasting on body fuel mobilization in the
      common vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus) fed a high-protein diet (bovine blood). An
      uncommon fragility during food deprivation has been reported for this species to
      the point of untimely deaths after only 2-3 nights of fasting. The immediate
      biochemical responses to fasting, however, have not been established. Thus, blood
      glucose, plasma FFA, glycogen, protein, and fat concentrations in the liver and
      muscles were determined in fed and 24-, 48- and 72 h-fasted individuals. The
      results indicate that D. rotundus is unable to maintain adequate levels of blood
      glucose during fasting, probably due to low tissue stores of energy fuels or
      difficulty in mobilizing them. Other factors may play an important role in this
      species abundance, such as the previously reported behavior of reciprocal blood
      regurgitation.

PMID- 13680132
TI  - Biochemical evidence for a P2Y-like receptor in Tetrahymena thermophila.
AB  - Extracellular nucleotides are ubiquitous signaling molecules. ATP signals through
      two receptor types: the ionotropic P2X receptors, and the metabotropic P2Y
      receptors. ATP acts as a chemorepellent in Tetrahymena thermophila, where it
      causes a distinct avoidance response. The intracellular mechanisms by which ATP
      causes avoidance in this organism, however, are unknown. In this study, we use in
      vivo pharmacological assays along with enzyme immuno-assays to obtain information
      about the ATP chemorepellent pathway and its associated second messenger systems.
      Our data show strong similarities between the presumed ATP receptor of T.
      thermophila and members of the P2Y family of receptors. The ATP response of T.
      thermophila appears to be coupled to phospholipase C, a defining characteristic
      of the P2Y receptor family. In addition, the ATP chemoresponse appears to be
      linked to a G(i/o) protein, nitric oxide synthase, and adenylyl cyclase, all of
      which are characteristic of some P2Y receptors. This is an important first step
      in describing the pathways involved in ATP chemoresponse of this organism.

PMID- 13680133
TI  - Direct chemically mediated synaptic transmission from mechanosensory afferents
      contributes to habituation of crayfish lateral giant escape reaction.
AB  - The neural mechanism of habituation of the crayfish lateral giant-mediated escape
      reaction was analyzed electrophysiologically and pharmacologically. Upon repeated
      stimulation of tailfan afferents (at 0.2-1 Hz) lateral giant showed rapid
      habituation and failed to spike. Upon low-intensity sensory stimulation, the
      lateral giant responded with two subthreshold excitatory post-synaptic
      potentials, the alpha and beta components. A third component, the alpha'
      component, was discriminated at the boundary of excitatory post-synaptic
      potentials between the late alpha and early beta components with stimulation just
      subthreshold or suprathreshold to evoke lateral giant spikes. This alpha'
      component increased in amplitude with hyperpolarizing current injected into the
      lateral giants, although the amplitude of both the alpha and beta components
      remained constant. Furthermore, bath application of the nicotinic antagonist, d
      tubocurarine caused a rapid reduction in the amplitude of the alpha' component
      while the amplitude of the beta component was reduced gradually and that of the
      alpha component remained unchanged. Single-hair stimulation indicated that some
      sensory afferents made direct connections with the lateral giants mediated by
      chemical synapses and form the potential of alpha' component of the lateral
      giants. Since lateral giant inactivation was associated with a reduction of
      excitatory post-synaptic potential amplitude of the alpha' component, connection
      from these afferents could contribute, at least in part, to lateral giant
      habituation.

PMID- 13680134
TI  - Circadian oscillations of neuropeptide expression in the human biological clock.
AB  - The mammalian suprachiasmatic nucleus is the principal component of a neural
      timing system implicated in the temporal organization of circadian and seasonal
      processes. The present study was performed to analyze the circadian profiles of
      two major neuropeptidergic cell groups in the human suprachiasmatic nucleus. To
      that end the brains of 40 human subjects collected at autopsy were investigated.
      The populations of arginine vasopressin- and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide
      expressing neurons, located in the shell and core of the suprachiasmatic nucleus,
      respectively, showed marked circadian rhythms with an asymmetrical, bimodal
      waveform. Time series analysis revealed that these circadian cycles in neuronal
      activity could be described by a composite model consisting of a nonlinear
      periodic function, with mono- and diphasic cycles. The findings suggest that the
      24-h biosynthesis of neuropeptides in the human suprachiasmatic nucleus, being
      part of the neural output pathway of the clock, is driven by a complex pacemaker
      system consisting of coupled nonlinear oscillators, in accordance with a
      multioscillator model of circadian timekeeping.

PMID- 13680135
TI  - Expression of a magainin-type antimicrobial peptide gene (MSI-99) in tomato
      enhances resistance to bacterial speck disease.
AB  - MSI-99 is a synthetic analog of magainin II (MII), a small cationic peptide
      highly inhibitory to a wide spectrum of microbial organisms. Tomato plants were
      transformed to express a gene encoding the MSI-99 peptide and tested for possible
      enhancement of resistance to important pathogens of this crop. Thirty-six tomato
      transformants carrying an MSI-99 expression vector designed to target the peptide
      into extracellular spaces were obtained by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated
      transformation. Expression of MSI-99 caused no obvious cytotoxic effects in these
      plants. In the tests with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (bacterial speck
      pathogen) at 10(5 )CFU/ml, several MSI-99-expressing lines developed
      significantly fewer disease symptoms than controls. However, MSI-99-expressing
      lines were not significantly different from controls in their responses to the
      fungal pathogen Alternaria solani (early blight) and the oomycete pathogen
      Phytophthora infestans (late blight). These findings are in accordance with our
      previous in vitro inhibition tests, which showed that the MSI-99 peptide is more
      inhibitory against bacteria than against fungi and oomycetes. Additional in vitro
      inhibition assays showed that MSI-99 loses its antimicrobial activity in the
      total or extracellular fluids from leaflets of non-transformed tomato plants;
      however, P. syringae pv. tomato could not multiply in the extracellular fluid
      from an MSI-99-expressing line. Our results suggest that expression strategies
      providing continuous high expression of MSI-99 will be necessary to achieve
      significant enhancement of plant disease resistance.

PMID- 13680136
TI  - Cryopreservation of Chrysanthemum morifolium (Dendranthema grandiflora Ramat.)
      using different approaches.
AB  - Chrysanthemum species are grown both as ornamentals and for the production of
      pyrethrum. Recent increased production and breeding efforts have raised the need
      for the conservation of valuable germplasm. Chrysanthemum has been cryopreserved
      by controlled-rate-freezing as early as 1990. We report here deep-freezing of
      shoot tips of C. morifolium var. Escort by different technical procedures:
      controlled-rate-freezing, encapsulation/dehydration, ultra-rapid-freezing by the
      droplet method and vitrification. While vitrification yielded the highest shoot
      regeneration rates, the very simple droplet method was also successful in this
      respect. Droplet freezing was successfully performed with nine cultivars. Our
      results open the door to the successful use of alternative methods if one method
      fails to cryopreserve a variety. Furthermore, it enables comparative
      investigations of genetic stability and cyro-injury to be carried out.

PMID- 13680137
TI  - Camptothecin and 10-hydroxycamptothecin from Camptotheca acuminata hairy roots.
AB  - Camptothecin (CPT) is an anticancer and antiviral alkaloid produced by the
      Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata (Nyssaceae) and some other species belonging
      to the families Apocynaceae, Olacaceae, and Rubiaceae. Bark and seeds are
      currently used as sources for the drug. Several attempts have been made to
      produce CPT from cell suspensions; however, the low yields obtained limit this
      approach. Cultures of differentiated cell types may be an alternative source of
      alkaloid production. Hairy root cultures of C. acuminata were established from
      tissue transformed with Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains ATCC 15834 and R-1000.
      Integration of the genes responsible for the hairy-root phenotype ( rol genes)
      into the plant genome was verified by DNA gel blot analysis. The hairy roots
      produce and secrete CPT as well as the more potent and less toxic natural
      derivative, 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT), into the medium. Remarkably, the
      cultures were able to synthesize the alkaloids at levels equal to, and sometimes
      greater than, the roots in planta, i.e., 1.0 and 0.15 mg/g dry weight for CPT and
      the HCPT, respectively.

PMID- 13680138
TI  - A simple and rapid Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol for cotton
      (Gossypium hirsutum L.): embryogenic calli as a source to generate large numbers
      of transgenic plants.
AB  - A protocol is presented for efficient transformation and regeneration of cotton.
      Embryogenic calli co-cultivated with Agrobacterium carrying cry1Ia5 gene were
      cultured under dehydration stress and antibiotic selection for 3-6 weeks to
      generate several transgenic embryos. An average of 75 globular embryo clusters
      were observed on selection plates and these embryos were cultured on
      multiplication medium followed by development of cotyledonary embryos on embryo
      maturation medium to obtain an average of 12 plants per Petri plate of co
      cultivated callus. About 83% of these plants have been confirmed to be transgenic
      by Southern blot analysis. An efficiency of ten kanamycin-resistant plants per
      Petri plate of co-cultivated embryogenic callus was obtained. The simplicity of
      the procedure and the efficiency of the initial material allow transformation of
      any variety where a single regenerating embryogenic callus line can be obtained.
      In addition, multiple transformations can be performed either simultaneously or
      sequentially. The method is extremely simple, reliable, efficient, and much less
      laborious than any other existing method for cotton transformation.

PMID- 13680139
TI  - Cost-effectiveness analysis of NSAIDs, NSAIDs with concomitant therapy to prevent
      gastrointestinal toxicity, and COX-2 specific inhibitors in the treatment of
      rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - The objective was to assess the cost-effectiveness of nonsteroidal anti
      inflammatory agents (NSAIDs), NSAIDs with concomitant therapy to prevent
      gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity, and cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitors (COX-2)
      in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Markov (state-transition) models
      were used to simulate a cohort taking disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, low
      dose steroid, and one of the following strategies: (1) NSAIDs without
      prophylaxis, (2) NSAIDs with misoprostol, (3) NSAIDs with proton-pump inhibitor
      (PPI), or (4) COX-2. Costs were measured in 1999 US dollars and health effects
      are expressed as quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). COX-2 was the most cost
      effective strategy for preventing GI toxicity. The incremental cost/effectiveness
      (C/E) ratio between COX-2 and no prophylaxis was 56,751 dollar/QALY. Although COX
      2 are the best option (among the strategies analyzed) to prevent GI toxicity, the
      incremental C/E ratio between COX-2 and no prophylaxis is higher than 50,000
      dollar/QALY.

PMID- 13680140
TI  - Reversible sclerotic changes of lumbar spine and femur due to long-term oral
      isotretinoin therapy.
AB  - We present a rare case of retinoid-induced sclerotic changes of lumbar spine and
      femur demonstrated by dual energy x-ray absorptiometrie (DEXA). The patient had
      flowing ossification along thoracic spine resembling diffuse idiopathic skeletal
      hyperostosis (DISH), but there was no ligament calcification in the lumbar spine
      or pelvis. After discontinuation of the treatment, gradual decline of bone
      mineral density at lumbar and femoral sites was detected with serial DEXA
      measurements. To the best of our knowledge, although various abnormalities of
      bone due to retinoids have been described before, reversible sclerotic changes
      have not been reported.

PMID- 13680141
TI  - Alendronate treatment of established primary osteoporosis in men: 3-year results
      of a prospective, comparative, two-arm study.
AB  - Our trial was a 3-year, open-label, prospective, comparative, clinical study
      comparing the effects of oral alendronate (ALN), 10 mg daily, and alfacalcidol
      (AC), 1 microg daily, on bone mineral density (BMD), fracture events, height,
      back pain, safety and tolerability in 134 men with established primary
      osteoporosis. All men received 500 mg calcium daily. BMD was measured at the
      lumbar spine and femoral neck using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Spine
      radiographs were obtained at baseline and every 12 months thereafter, and were
      evaluated by a radiologist blinded to treatment assignment. At 3 years, AC
      treated patients showed a significant mean increase of 3.5% in lumbar spine BMD,
      compared with a mean increase of 11.5% in men receiving ALN ( p<0.0001 between
      groups). The corresponding increases in femoral neck BMD were 2.3% and 5.8% for
      the AC and ALN groups, respectively ( p=0.0015 between groups). Over 3 years, new
      vertebral fractures occurred in 24.2% of the AC-treated patients and in 10.3% of
      the ALN-treated patients ( p=0.040). ALN-treated patients also had a
      significantly lower height loss. There were no between-group differences
      regarding nonvertebral fractures or changes in back pain. Both therapies were
      well tolerated, with a compliance rate >90%. We conclude that although AC has
      significant effects on BMD, ALN has greater effects on BMD and fracture efficacy.

PMID- 13680142
TI  - Tumoral calcinosis revisited: pathophysiology and treatment.
AB  - In two renal failure patients, tumoral calcinoses were observed as a result of
      secondary hyperparathyroidism. The primary conservative therapy conducted with
      dietetic measures and phosphate-binding medication could not prevent the
      progression of the massive polytopic foci. Therefore, a subtotal
      parathyroidectomy was performed in one case, after which a rapid complete
      regression of the tumours was observed, with the exception of one location where
      the finding remained progressive. The second patient declined surgical
      intervention on the parathyroid gland. Therefore, the foci were only resected,
      whereby local recurrences were observed. Renal failure patients with tumoral
      calcinosis should undergo subtotal parathyroidectomy after initial conservative
      therapy. In view of the high risk of recurrence, local excision is a treatment
      procedure to be considered in exceptional cases only.

PMID- 13680143
TI  - Protein kinase C expression in salivary gland acinar epithelial cells in non
      obese diabetic mice, an experimental model for Sjogren's syndrome.
AB  - We planned to investigate the expression of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms in
      acinar epithelial cells of salivary glands in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse
      to find out if they develop changes of the PKC system like those seen in the
      human counterpart, i.e. in Sjogren's syndrome. Parotid, submandibular, and
      sublingual glands from NOD and control BALB/c mice were stained with a panel of
      monoclonal antibodies directed against conventional (alpha, beta, and gamma),
      novel (delta, epsilon, and theta), and atypical (lambda and iota) PKC isoforms
      using the streptavidin/HRP method. Similarly to human labial salivary glands,
      acinar epithelial cells of the healthy control BALB/c mice contained two of the
      conventional PKC isoforms, alpha and beta. Acinar and ductal epithelial cells
      also contained the atypical PKC isoforms lambda and iota. PKC isoforms gamma,
      delta, epsilon, and theta were not found. NOD mice which displayed focal
      sialadenitis contained the same conventional and atypical PKC isoforms. The
      acinar cells in NOD mice, in contrast to the Sjogren's syndrome patients, did not
      lack PKC alpha or beta. On the contrary, PKC alpha and beta staining was stronger
      than in the control BALB/c mice. The present results demonstrate that both
      conventional and atypical PKC isoforms participate in the salivary epithelial
      cell biology and that there are mouse strain-associated and/or disease state
      associated changes in their expression. The lack of PKC alpha and beta isoforms
      found in Sjogren's syndrome was not reproduced in NOD mice, which discloses one
      more difference between the human disease and its NOD mouse model.

PMID- 13680144
TI  - Pathological fracture: an ill telltale in osteoporosis.

PMID- 13680145
TI  - Disease-associated increased HIF-1, alphavbeta3 integrin, and Flt-1 do not
      suffice to compensate the damage-inducing loss of blood vessels in inflammatory
      myopathies.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To analyze the microvascular network in skeletal muscle biopsies from
      patients with dermatomyositis (DM) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) compared to
      polymyositis (PM) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and non-inflammatory
      myopathies, and to clarify whether reparative angiogenesis-related factors are
      expressed in parallel to blood vessel damage. METHODS: Immunohistochemical
      staining of muscle biopsies (10 DM, 10 SSc, 10 PM, 10 SLE, and 10 non
      inflammatory myopathies) with antibodies against von Willebrand factor (vWF),
      hypoxia-inducible factor-1beta (HIF-1beta), beta3 integrin subunit, and vascular
      endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1). The TechMate staining robot and
      biotin-streptavidin protocol were used. RESULTS: DM and SSc muscles were
      characterized by endothelial damage and reduction of blood vessel network.
      Expression of angiogenesis-related factors (HIF-1beta, beta3, VEGFR-1) was also
      found in the same biopsies. In contrast, in PM and SLE muscles, vascular networks
      were apparently not affected and angiogenic stimuli were less expressed if at
      all. CONCLUSIONS: This work demonstrates that in inflamed muscles
      hypoxia/ischemia induces increased expression of angiogenic factors, yet their
      impact is insufficient to repair disease-associated reduction of the capillary
      network. This leads to questions considering the usefulness of angiogenic factors
      in the treatment of ischemic inflammatory myopathies in DM and SSc.

PMID- 13680146
TI  - Coeliac disease in Sjogren's syndrome--a study of 111 Hungarian patients.
AB  - Recent studies report that in patients with Sjogren's syndrome (SS), concomitant
      coeliac disease (CD) is more frequent than in the average healthy population,
      with dominance of the latent/silent form. We further investigated this to
      characterise the clinical and immunolaboratory features of SS patients with CD.
      One hundred and eleven patients with SS were involved in the study. After
      detailed history, blood samples were taken for antibodies to gliadin, endomysium,
      and tissue transglutaminase. Of them, six had positive serology for CD and
      underwent jejunoscopy and small bowel biopsy to confirm the diagnosis of CD. In
      five patients, the diagnosis was established histologically. The frequency of CD
      in the SS population was significantly higher than in the non-SS European
      population (4.5:100 vs 4.5-5.5:1,000). Laboratory findings in these patients
      showed significantly higher erythrocyte sedimentation rates and IgG, IgA, and IgM
      levels. On the basis of these findings, we recommend screening, follow-up, and
      regular gastrointestinal care of SS patients to identify CD cases and help them
      to avoid severe malnutrition and intestinal malignancies.

PMID- 13680147
TI  - Ankylosing spondylitis: an impending restraint for gynecological interventions?

PMID- 13680148
TI  - Cardiovascular reactivity score for the assessment of dysautonomia in familial
      Mediterranean fever.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the presence of dysautonomia, as
      manifested in abnormal cardiovascular reactivity, in patients with familial
      Mediterranean fever (FMF). METHODS: Fifty-five consecutive patients with FMF and
      23 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were evaluated. Cardiovascular
      reactivity was studied: (1) using recordings of blood pressure (BP) and heart
      rate (HR) during 10 min of recumbence and 30 min of head-up tilt test to identify
      clinical endpoints and (2) during tilt-test, identifying parameters acting as
      independent predictors of FMF reactivity and enabling computation of a
      cardiovascular reactivity score (CVRS). RESULTS: Clinically, vasovagal reaction,
      postural tachycardia syndrome, and/or orthostatic hypotension were observed in
      ten patients (18.1%). Utilizing a derived equation, the group average CVRS in FMF
      was 5.83+/-1.78 (healthy group -7.60+/-5.41) ( P=<0.0001). A CVRS of >3.25 was
      associated with FMF, with 98% sensitivity and 100% specificity. CONCLUSION: A
      very high percentage of FMF patients exhibit abnormal cardiovascular reactivity
      which is clinically occult but can be detected on autonomic challenge and
      application of the CVRS.

PMID- 13680149
TI  - Cutaneous warts in patients with lupus erythematosus.
AB  - The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of cutaneous warts (CW) in
      patients with lupus erythematosus (LE) and evaluate the effect of
      immunosuppressants on the appearance of CW. Fifty-eight patients with LE, 74 with
      rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and 105 healthy individuals were interviewed and
      examined for the presence of CW. All were questioned to find out whether their CW
      developed before or after onset of the disease or during treatment. Cutaneous
      warts occurred considerably more often in patients with LE than in healthy
      control and RA patients ( P<0.003 and P<0.04, respectively). The presence of CW
      did not correlate with the taking of immunosuppressive drugs. The findings
      suggest that the high prevalence of CW in patients with LE is probably due to
      defects in some immune mechanisms, independently of immunosuppressive drugs.

PMID- 13680150
TI  - Aplastic anemia complicating systemic lupus erythematosus: successful management
      with cyclosporine.
AB  - Anemia is common with connective tissue disorders, but pancytopenia is rare. We
      report a 22-year-old female who presented with menorrhagia, seizures, anemia,
      leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, pericardial effusion, positive ANA, and evidence
      of vasculitis on CT head scan and was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus
      (SLE). After 7 months of remission, she was readmitted with menorrhagia and
      pancytopenia. Investigations revealed aplastic anemia. She survived on
      transfusion support for 6 weeks, during which period she received
      methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide pulses, and phenytoin was omitted but to
      no avail. Cyclosporine (300 mg/day) was started and the aplastic anemia
      responded. After 4 months of therapy, the cyclosporine was gradually tapered over
      the next 2 months. The patient has been on 10 mg/day of prednisolone for the last
      6 months. Aplastic anemia is rare in SLE and the response to immunosuppressants
      is variable, but here is a success story.

PMID- 13680151
TI  - Fatal outcome of constrictive pericarditis in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - This is a report of a 39-year-old patient diagnosed with seropositive rheumatoid
      arthritis at the age of 17. The patient died 2 years after the onset of extra
      articular cardiac symptoms. This case demonstrates the devastating course of
      progressive constrictive pericarditis under sole medical therapy and emphasizes
      the importance of early radical pericardectomy to avoid progression of disease
      and secondary complications with fatal outcome. Further, we discuss risk factors,
      diagnostic caveats, diagnostic tests and therapy of hemodynamically relevant
      contrictive pericarditis.

PMID- 13680152
TI  - CD13/aminopeptidase N in collagen vascular diseases.
AB  - To determine the significance of CD13/aminopeptidase N in collagen vascular
      diseases (CVD), we examined its activity and expression in sera and disease sites
      of patients with CVD. Significantly higher aminopeptidase activity was detected
      in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with interstitial lung diseases due
      to rheumatoid arthritis (RA), polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM), systemic
      sclerosis (SSc), and Sjogren's syndrome than from control subjects. Increased
      aminopeptidase activity and increased expression of CD13/aminopeptidase N protein
      were found in alveolar macrophages from CVD patients with interstitial lung
      diseases. Significantly higher aminopeptidase activity was detected in pleural
      effusions from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) than in
      transudate effusions. The mean aminopeptidase activity in synovial fluids from RA
      patients was significantly higher than from patients with osteoarthritis. The
      mean value of serum aminopeptidase activity was significantly higher in patients
      with SLE, RA, SSc, and PM/DM than in normal subjects. This study suggests that
      the activity of CD13/aminopeptidase N, locally produced in the disease site, is a
      useful marker for CVD and that CD13/aminopeptidase N may have an important role
      in the pathogenesis of CVD.

PMID- 13680153
TI  - The Aa-Pri4 gene, specifically expressed during fruiting initiation in the
      Agrocybe aegerita complex, contains an unusual CT-rich leader intron within the
      5' uncoding region.
AB  - The Aa1-Pri4 gene was cloned from the edible mushroom Agrocybe aegerita. The
      gene, specifically expressed during fruiting initiation, encodes a glycine-rich
      protein of 116 amino acids, with no homology to already known proteins.
      Homologous genes were amplified from two other strains belonging to the Agr.
      aegerita complex and originating from South-East Asia; and a comparison of the
      three genes revealed a high conservation of the coding sequences (72.8-97.8%).
      The PRI4 putative protein sequences were highly similar (87.5-100.0%); and all of
      them contained two protein kinase C sites, suggesting a potential supplementary
      regulation by phosphorylation at the protein level. The 5' uncoding regions all
      presented a leader intron, very variable in sequence (45.7% identity), but with a
      high C+T content (74.5-79.0%). The presence of such CT-rich sequences previously
      described in the promoter of highly expressed fungal genes suggests that the
      leader intron of the Aa1-Pri4 gene could be involved in the high-level, stage
      specific expression.

PMID- 13680154
TI  - The application of PCR for the isolation of a lipase gene from the genomic DNA of
      an Antarctic microfungus.
AB  - We successfully isolated a lipase gene (designated lipPA) directly from the
      genomic DNA of an Antarctic isolate of Penicillium allii using PCR and a suite of
      degenerate primers specifically designed to target two conserved regions of
      fungal lipase genes. We applied the biolistic transformation system to
      successfully integrate the lipPA gene into a heterologous fungal host,
      Trichoderma reesei, one of the most powerful secretors of extracellular proteins,
      and induced the transformant to secrete an active lipase into the growth medium.
      The recombinant lipase had a temperature optimum of 25 degrees C at pH 7.9 and
      retained greater than 50% of the maximum activity from 10 degrees C to 35 degrees
      C and over a pH range from 4.0 to 8.5.

PMID- 13680155
TI  - Characterization and expression of the Neurospora crassa nmt-1 gene.
AB  - The Neurospora crassa homologue of the yeast no message in thiamine ( nmt-1) gene
      was characterized. The deduced 342-amino-acid gene product has more than 60%
      identity with other fungal homologues and 42% similarity to a putative bacterial
      permease. In addition to three introns disrupting the coding sequence, a
      differentially spliced intron in the 5' untranslated region was also detected.
      Unlike other fungi, the N. crassa nmt-1 gene is repressed only 6- to 8-fold by
      exogenous thiamine concentrations above 0.5 microM; and a high basal level of nmt
      1 mRNA persists even at 5 microM thiamine. Immuno-blotting with purified
      antibodies detected two variants of NMT-1 which differ in size and charge. The
      more abundant 39-kDa form is more strongly repressed by thiamine than the 37-kDa
      protein. NMT-1 abundance modulates slowly in response to changes in the
      concentration of exogenous thiamine, suggesting that N. crassa maintains thiamine
      reserves in excess of immediate needs. Disruption of the nmt-1 gene demonstrated
      that it is essential for growth in the absence of exogenous thiamine. NMT-1
      deficient strains had a growth rate and colony density which was about 70% of the
      wild type, despite supplementation with a wide range of exogenous thiamine. These
      results suggest that the nmt-1 gene plays some other role in addition to thiamine
      biosynthesis.

PMID- 13680156
TI  - Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ats1p interacts with Nap1p, a cytoplasmic protein that
      controls bud morphogenesis.
AB  - Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATS1 (alpha-tubulin suppressor 1) was originally
      identified as a high-copy suppressor of class two alpha-tubulin mutations and was
      proposed to have a regulatory role in coordinating the microtubule state with the
      cell cycle. Here, we show that Ats1p interacts with Nap1p, a cytoplasmic protein
      that regulates the activity of the Cdc28p/Clb2p complex. Loss of Nap1p results in
      a delayed switch from polar to isotropic bud growth. The delayed switch results
      in elongated buds. Nap1p and Ats1p interact in two-hybrid and co
      immunoprecipitation assays. Both nap1Delta and ats1Delta cells have a Clb2p
      dependent elongated bud morphology. Deletion of ATS1 partially suppresses the
      elongated bud morphology and benomyl resistance of nap1Delta mutants. Our results
      suggest Ats1p might regulate coordination of the microtubule state with the cell
      cycle through an interaction with Nap1p.

PMID- 13680157
TI  - Two bipartite NLSs mediate constitutive nuclear localization of Mcm10.
AB  - Some components of the pre-replicative complex (pre-RC) are in the nucleus only
      during the G1 phase, while others are constitutively nuclear throughout the cell
      cycle. A nuclear localization signal (NLS) mediating the G1-specific nuclear
      localization has been characterized. We report here the identification of
      bipartite NLSs in constitutively nuclear pre-RC components, including the origin
      recognition complex, Mcm10 and Noc3. Interestingly, in a subgroup of these pre-RC
      components, two putative NLSs were found in each protein. To examine whether
      multiple NLSs are required for these proteins to be nuclear throughout the cell
      cycle, we characterized the two NLSs in Mcm10. We show that at least one of the
      two NLSs is required for directing Mcm10 into the nucleus and that either of them
      is sufficient to bring the green fluorescence protein into the nucleus. Thus,
      Mcm10 contains two functional NLSs and either is sufficient for the constitutive
      nuclear localization of Mcm10.

PMID- 13680158
TI  - Population pharmacokinetics of temozolomide and metabolites in infants and
      children with primary central nervous system tumors.
AB  - PURPOSE: To construct a population pharmacokinetic model for temozolomide (TMZ),
      a novel imidazo-tetrazine methylating agent and its metabolites MTIC and AIC in
      infants and children with primary central nervous system tumors. METHODS: We
      evaluated the pharmacokinetics of TMZ and MTIC in 39 children (20 boys and 19
      girls) with 132 pharmacokinetic studies (109 in the training set and 23 in the
      validation set). The median age was 7.1 years (range 0.7 to 21.9 years). Children
      received oral TMZ dosages ranging from 145 to 200 mg/m(2) per day for 5 days in
      each course of therapy. Serial plasma samples were collected after the first and
      fifth doses of the first and third courses. Approximately eight plasma samples
      were collected up to 8 h after each dose, and assayed for TMZ, MTIC, and AIC by
      HPLC with UV detection. A one-compartment model was fitted to the TMZ and
      metabolite plasma concentrations using maximum likelihood estimation. Covariates,
      including demographics and biochemical data were tested for their effects on TMZ
      clearance (CL/F) and MTIC AUC utilizing a two-stage approach via linear mixed
      effects modeling. RESULTS: The population mean (inter- and intrapatient
      variability expressed as %CV) for the pharmacokinetic parameters (based on the
      training set) were as follows: TMZ CL/F 5.4 l/h (53.4, 17.5), Vc/F 14.0 l (48.5,
      39.2), C(max) 9.1 mg/l (20.8, 29.1), and MTIC AUC 1.0 microg/ml.h (13.9, 30.0).
      Covariate analysis showed that increasing age and body surface area (BSA) were
      associated with a significant increases in TMZ CL, Vc, and C(max) ( P<0.05), and
      that increasing age was associated with significant decreases in TMZ and MTIC
      AUC. Indicators of liver and renal function were not significantly associated
      with TMZ pharmacokinetics or MTIC AUC. The final model with the significant
      covariates was validated using the remaining 23 pharmacokinetic studies.
      CONCLUSIONS: This study extends previous work done in adults, and identified BSA
      and age as covariates that account for variability in TMZ disposition in infants
      and children with primary CNS malignancies.

PMID- 13680159
TI  - Mylotarg, fludarabine, cytarabine (ara-C), and cyclosporine (MFAC) regimen as
      post-remission therapy in acute myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - PURPOSE: Mylotarg, a humanized anti-CD33 antibody linked to an antitumor
      antibiotic, is approved for the treatment of patients with relapsed acute myeloid
      leukemia (AML). Its role as a component of post-remission therapy in AML has not
      been established. The Mylotarg, fludarabine, cytarabine, and cyclosporine (MFAC)
      regimen was evaluated in patients in complete remission following Mylotarg
      containing regimens. METHODS: The MFAC regimen comprised: Mylotarg 4.5 mg/m2
      intravenously (i.v.) over 2 h after a loading dose of cyclosporine A (CSA) on day
      1; fludarabine 15 mg/m2 i.v. over 30 min every 12 h for six doses on days 2
      through 4; ara-C 0.5 g/m2 over 2 h every 12 h for six doses on days 2 through 4,
      4 h after fludarabine started; CSA 6 mg/kg over 2 h, followed by 16 mg/kg
      continuous i.v. infusion on days 1 and 2. Patients in complete remission (CR)
      commenced idarubicin and ara-C (IA) alternating with MFAC or vice versa for 9
      months from the date of CR. Idarubicin was administered at 8 mg/m2 on days 1 and
      2 and ara-C at 1.5 g/m2 on days 1 and 2. RESULTS: A total of 22 patients received
      76 courses of MFAC (35 courses) alternating with IA (41 courses) or vice versa.
      The interval between courses, and degrees of myelosuppression, were equivalent in
      the alternating regimens. Failure-free and 12-month survival rates of were 32%
      and 55%, respectively. Grade 3/4 toxicities, including sepsis, neutropenic fever,
      and nausea/vomiting, were equivalent with MFAC and IA. CONCLUSIONS: Post
      remission therapy with MFAC is feasible and well tolerated in patients with AML.

PMID- 13680160
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of temozolomide given three times a day in pediatric and adult
      patients.
AB  - PURPOSE: To characterize and compare pharmacokinetic parameters in children and
      adults treated with temozolomide (TMZ) administered for 5 days in three doses
      daily, and to evaluate the possible relationship between AUC values and
      hematologic toxicity. METHODS: TMZ pharmacokinetic parameters were characterized
      in pediatric and adult patients with primary central nervous system tumors
      treated with doses ranging from 120 to 200 mg/m2 per day, divided into three
      doses daily for 5 days. Plasma levels were measured over 8 h following oral
      administration in a fasting state. A total of 40 courses were studied in 22
      children (mean age 10 years, range 3-16 years) and in 8 adults (mean age 30
      years, range 19-54 years). RESULTS: In all patients, a linear relationship was
      found between systemic exposure (AUC) and increasing doses of TMZ. Time to peak
      concentration, elimination half-life, apparent clearance and volume of
      distribution were not related to TMZ dose. No differences were seen among TMZ
      C(max), t(1/2), V(d) or CL/F in children compared with adults. Intra- and
      interpatient variability of systemic exposure were limited in both children and
      adults. No statistically significant differences were found between the AUCs of
      children who experienced grade 4 hematologic toxicity and children who did not.
      CONCLUSIONS: No difference appears to exist between pharmacokinetic parameters in
      adults and children when TMZ is administered in three doses daily. Hematologic
      toxicity was not related to TMZ AUC. AUC measurement does not appear to be of any
      use in optimizing TMZ treatment.

PMID- 13680161
TI  - The effect of gefitinib (Iressa, ZD1839) in combination with oxaliplatin is
      schedule-dependent in colon cancer cell lines.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Clinical trials of gefitinib (Iressa, ZD1839) in combination with
      cytotoxic agents have been carried out or are ongoing in several varieties of
      tumor. To provide a rationale for future clinical trials, the effects of
      combining gefitinib with oxaliplatin in different sequences of administration and
      different dose ratios in two colon cancer cell lines were evaluated. MATERIALS
      AND METHODS: The colon cancer cell lines HT-29 and LoVo were used. The methods
      consisted of median effect and combination index analysis, Western blot, mass
      spectrometry, and a cell death ELISA. RESULTS: In vitro analysis demonstrated
      that the combination effects of the two agents were sequence-dependent. Changing
      the sequence of administration from gefitinib first to gefitinib last changed the
      combination effect from antagonism to synergy. The dose ratio between the two
      agents affected the combination effects. When equiactive doses of the two agents
      were used with the sequence gefitinib following oxaliplatin, the greatest level
      of synergism was obtained (CI=0.6+/-0.2, P=0.032). Further evaluation revealed
      that gefitinib significantly inhibited removal of Pt-DNA adducts ( P<0.05),
      providing a potential explanation for the sequence-dependent synergy observed
      with gefitinib following oxaliplatin. However, this effect was not dose
      dependent. Additional studies demonstrated that gefitinib enhanced the effects of
      oxaliplatin by maintaining oxaliplatin-induced apoptosis, and equiactive dose of
      gefitinib following oxaliplatin induced prominent enhancement of apoptosis.
      CONCLUSIONS: Oxaliplatin followed by an equiactive relative dose of gefitinib is
      an appropriate combination for evaluation in colon cancer.

PMID- 13680162
TI  - Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase and thymidylate synthase activities in
      hepatocellular carcinomas and in diseased livers.
AB  - BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) and thymidylate
      synthase (TS) are key enzymes for predicting the efficacy of 5-FU in the
      treatment of malignant tumors. However, 5-FU is not commonly commonly chosen for
      chemotherapeutic treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in practice. The aim
      of this study was to determine the activities of both DPD and TS in HCCs and
      corresponding liver parenchyma and to assess the correlation between the
      activities of these enzymes and clinicopathological features. The possibility of
      using 5-FU as a first-choice chemotherapeutic agent for HCC was also evaluated.
      METHODS: The study material comprised 33 pairs of hepatocellular carcinoma and
      noncancerous liver samples. The DPD and TS activities were quantified by a
      radiometric enzymatic assay and a 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'- monophosphate
      (FdUMP) ligand-binding assay, respectively. RESULTS: Pathologically invasive HCCs
      tended to show higher DPD activity and lower TS activity with some exceptions.
      DPD activity was lower in the HCCs regardless of their clinical features than in
      the noncancerous liver parenchyma, whereas TS activity was generally lower in
      HCCs except for those with certain clinical features. HCCs with multiple nodules
      showed lower DPD activity and those with a diameter of more than 5 cm showed
      lower TS activity. In the noncancerous liver parenchyma, a gradual decrease in
      DPD activity and an increase in TS activity were associated with the age of the
      patient, liver damage and z-factor. Of 30 HCC samples, 10 exhibited comparatively
      low DPD and TS activity, and these could be considered 5-FU-sensitive HCC.
      CONCLUSIONS: DPD and TS activity may be affected by the clinicopathological
      status in both the HCC and the corresponding liver parenchyma. However, further
      investigation is necessary. Some HCC patients may be good candidates for 5-FU
      based chemotherapy based on measurements of tumor levels of DPD and TS.

PMID- 13680163
TI  - Acute effects of megestrol on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Clinical observations suggest that prolonged treatment with megestrol
      can lead to Cushing-like symptoms, while withdrawal of prolonged treatment with
      megestrol may result in adrenal insufficiency. However, only little is known
      about the acute effects of megestrol on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)
      axis. As part of an endocrine study, we evaluated the acute effects of megestrol,
      hydrocortisone and placebo on morning cortisol and ACTH levels. METHOD: . Using a
      balanced double-blind design, ten healthy male subjects were treated at 11:00
      p.m. and 8:00 a.m. with megestrol (total dose 320 mg), hydrocortisone (total dose
      30 mg) or placebo. After 1 h of rest, blood was drawn at 10:00 a.m. and 10:30
      a.m. for determination of cortisol and ACTH levels. RESULTS: . Compared to
      placebo, acute administration of megestrol resulted in a significant decrease in
      morning ACTH and cortisol levels. The suppression of ACTH after pretreatment with
      megestrol was less pronounced than after pretreatment with hydrocortisone.
      CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that megestrol exerts glucocorticoid-like
      effects and has an acute depressing effect on the HPA axis. Therefore alterations
      in the steroid system should be included in the differential diagnosis of all
      subjects under treatment with megestrol.

PMID- 13680164
TI  - Prophylaxis of invasive fungal infections in patients with hematological
      malignancies and solid tumors--guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Working
      Party (AGIHO) of the German Society of Hematology and Oncology (DGHO).
AB  - Morbidity and mortality in patients with malignancies, especially leukemia and
      lymphoma, are increased by invasive fungal infections. Since diagnosis of
      invasive fungal infection is often delayed, antifungal prophylaxis is an
      attractive approach for patients expecting prolonged neutropenia. Antifungal
      prophylaxis has obviously attracted much interest resulting in dozens of clinical
      trials since the late 1970s. The non-absorbable polyenes are probably ineffective
      in preventing invasive fungal infections, but may reduce superficial mycoses.
      Intravenous amphotericin B and the newer azoles were used in clinical trials, but
      their role in antifungal prophylaxis is still not well defined. Allogeneic stem
      cell transplant recipients are at particularly high risk for invasive fungal
      infections. Other well described risk factors are neutropenia >10 days,
      corticosteroid therapy, sustained immunosuppression, graft versus host disease,
      and concomitant viral infections. The enormous study efforts are contrasted by a
      scarcity of risk stratified evidence based recommendations for clinical decision
      making. The objective of this review accumulating information on about 10.000
      patients is to assess evidence based criteria primarily regarding the efficacy of
      antifungal prophylaxis in neutropenic cancer patients.

PMID- 13680165
TI  - Infectious complications after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: epidemiology
      and interventional therapy strategies--guidelines of the Infectious Diseases
      Working Party (AGIHO) of the German Society of Hematology and Oncology (DGHO).
AB  - The risk of infection after allogeneic stem cell transplantation is determined by
      the underlying disease, the intensity of previous treatments and complications
      that may have occurred during that time, but above all, the risk of infection is
      determined by the selected transplantation modality (e.g. HLA-match between the
      stem cell donor and recipient, T cell depletion of the graft, and others). In
      comparison with patients treated with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem
      cell transplantation, patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation
      are at a much higher risk of infection even after hematopoietic reconstitution,
      due to the delayed recovery of T and B cell functions. The rate at which immune
      function recovers after hematopoietic reconstitution greatly influences the
      incidence and type of post-transplant infectious complications. Infection
      associated mortality, for example, is significantly higher following engraftment
      than during the short neutropenic period that immediately follows
      transplantation.

PMID- 13680166
TI  - Antimicrobial therapy of febrile complications after high-dose chemo
      /radiotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation--guidelines
      of the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the German Society of
      Hematology and Oncology (DGHO).
AB  - Infectious complications occur in 60-100% of patients following high-dose
      chemotherapy (HDC) and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT),
      and are commonly caused by Gram-negative aerobic bacteria (such as Pseudomonas
      aeruginosa and enterobacteriacea e) and Gram-positive cocci (such as enterococci,
      streptococci and staphylococci), which should be covered by empiric first-line
      antibiotic therapy. Less frequently, infections are caused by fungi and anaerobic
      bacteria, and initial therapy does not necessarily have to cover coagulase
      negative staphylococci, oxacillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), anaerobic bacteria
      and fungi. Patients who already receive antibiotics and develop pulmonary
      infiltrates should immediately be treated with systemic antifungals. Patients
      with fever and diarrhea or other signs and symptoms of gastrointestinal or
      perianal infection should be treated with antibiotics covering anaerobic bacteria
      and enterococci. Clinically stable patients with skin infections or central
      venous catheter-related infections can be treated with standard empiric
      antibiotic therapy including a beta-lactam active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
      with or without an aminoglycoside, and should only receive glycopeptides if they
      do not respond to first-line therapy within 72 hours, become clinically unstable,
      have severe mucositis, or when resistance against the empiric antibiotics is
      demonstrated. Recombinant hematopoietic growth factors should not be added
      routinely but may be considered in life-threatening situations such as invasive
      pulmonary mycoses or sepsis.

PMID- 13680167
TI  - Sepsis in neutropenia--guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Working Party
      (AGIHO) of the German Society of Hematology and Oncology (DGHO).
AB  - Patients developing fever in neutropenia are at high risk of infection-related
      complications. Their outcome is influenced by the degree of severity (sepsis,
      severe sepsis and septic shock). Sepsis describes clinical syndromes resulting
      from systemic inflammatory response. Diagnosis of sepsis is based on simple
      clinical criteria. Treatment of neutropenic patients with sepsis does not differ
      from sepsis treatment in non-neutropenic patients. A variety of treatment options
      have failed (e.g. anti-cytokine strategies, anti-endotoxin antibodies), however,
      in recent years successful targeted treatment, the use of activated protein C or
      the substitution of hydrocortisol has been shown to reduce mortality rates. The
      outcome of neutropenic sepsis is influenced by the underlying disease as well,
      however survival rates of neutropenic patients treated on the intensive care unit
      have improved during the past decade. This paper focuses on pathophysiology,
      diagnosis and treatment of sepsis. Evidence based medicine (EBM) criteria are
      used to grade treatment recommendations [50].

PMID- 13680168
TI  - Central venous catheter (CVC)-related infections in neutropenic patients-
      guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the German Society
      of Hematology and Oncology (DGHO).
AB  - Catheter-related infections cause considerable morbidity in hospitalised
      patients. The incidence does not seem to be higher in neutropenic patients than
      in non- neutropenic patients. Gram-positive bacteria (coagulase-negative
      staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus) are the most frequently cultured pathogens,
      followed by Candida species. In contrast, Gram-negative bacteria play only a
      minor role in catheter-related infections. Positive blood cultures are the
      cornerstone in the diagnosis of catheter-related infections, while local signs of
      infection are only rarely present. However, a definite diagnosis generally
      requires the removal of the catheter and its microbiological examination. The
      role plate method with semiquantitative cultures (Maki) has been established as
      standard in most laboratories. Other standard procedures use quantitative
      techniques (Sherertz, Brun-Buisson) and are more sensitive. For therapy of
      catheter-related infections, antibiotics are administered according to the
      susceptibility of the cultured organism. Routine administration of gylcopepticed
      antibiotics is not indicated. Removal of the catheter has to be considered in any
      case of suspected catheter-related infection and is obligatory in Staphylococcus
      aureus and Candida infections. Tunnel or pocket infection of long-term catheters
      is always an indication for removal. In the future, the rate of catheter-related
      infections in neutropenic patients may be reduced by the use of catheters coated
      with antimicrobial agents.

PMID- 13680169
TI  - Diagnosis of invasive fungal infections in hematology and oncology--guidelines of
      the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the German Society of Hematology
      and Oncology (DGHO).
AB  - Invasive fungal infections are a primary cause of morbidity and mortality in
      patients with hematological malignancies. Establishing a definite diagnosis of
      invasive fungal infection in febrile neutropenic patients is particularly
      challenging and time-consuming, but a delay of antifungal treatment leads to
      higher mortality. This situation has lead to the strategy of initiation
      "empirical" antifungal therapy prior to the detection of fungi. Meanwhile,
      improvements in diagnostic procedures are achieved, especially with imaging
      techniques and non-culture based methods which include antigen-based assays,
      metabolite detection and molecular detection of fungal DNA from body fluid
      samples using conserved or specific genome sequences. The AGIHO presents
      recommendations for the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections with risk-adapted
      screening concepts for the neutropenic and febrile episodes of patients with
      hemato-oncological disorders.

PMID- 13680170
TI  - Treatment of fungal infections in hematology and oncology--guidelines of the
      Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the German Society of Hematology and
      Oncology (DGHO).
AB  - The Infectious Diseases Working Party of the German Society of Haematology and
      Oncology presents their guidelines for the treatment of fungal infections in
      patients with hematological and oncological malignancies. These guidelines are
      evidence-based, considering study results, case reports and expert opinions,
      using the evidence criteria of the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA).
      The recommendations for major fungal complications in this setting are summarized
      here. The primary choice of therapy for chronic candidiasis should be
      fluconazole, reserving caspofungin or amphotericin B (AmB) for use in case of
      progression of the Candida infection. Patients with candidemia (except C. krusei
      or C. glabrata) who are in a clinically stable condition without previous azole
      prophylaxis should receive fluconazole, otherwise AmB or caspofungin.
      Voriconazole is recommended for the first-line treatment of invasive
      aspergillosis. The benefit of a combination of AmB and 5-flucytosine has not been
      demonstrated except in patients with cryptococcal meningitis. Mucormycosis is
      relatively rare. The drug therapy of choice consists of AmB, desoxycholate or
      liposomal formulation, in the highest tolerable dosage. Additional surgical
      intervention has been shown to achieve a lower fatality rate than with antifungal
      therapy alone. The role of interventional strategies, cytokines/G-CSF, and
      granulocyte transfusions in invasive fungal infections are further reviewed.
      These guidelines offer actual standards and discussions on the treatment of
      oropharyngeal and esophageal candidiasis, invasive candidiasis, cryptococcosis
      and mould infections.

PMID- 13680171
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of documented infections in neutropenic patients-
      recommendations of the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the German
      Society of Hematology and Oncology (DGHO).
AB  - Approximately 85% of patients with acute leukemia undergoing intensive
      antileukemic treatment develop infections and/or fever during neutropenic phases;
      in about 50% of these patients clinical, microbiological or clinical and
      microbiological evidence of infections can be obtained. The response rate is
      significantly lower in documented infections than in fever of unknown origin
      (FUO). Evidence-based recommendations for diagnosis and treatment procedures are
      presented, reflecting study results and expert opinions.

PMID- 13680172
TI  - Diagnosis and antimicrobial therapy of pulmonary infiltrates in febrile
      neutropenic patients--guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO)
      of the German Society of Hematology and Oncology (DGHO).
AB  - Patients with severe neutropenia lasting for more than 10 days, who develop fever
      and pulmonary infiltrates, are at high risk of treatment failure and infection
      related death, under conventional broad-spectrum antibiotics. Early
      supplementation by a systemic antifungal therapy active against Aspergillus spp.
      has been shown to markedly improve their clinical outcome. Prognosis is
      significantly influenced by early identification of lung infiltrates by means of
      high-resolution thoracic computed tomography. Non-culture based diagnostic
      procedures using a highly sensitive Sandwich ELISA assay to detect circulating
      galactomannan, or PCR techniques to amplify circulating fungal DNA, may
      facilitate the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. CT-directed
      bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage using standardized procedures are useful
      in order to identify causative microorganisms such as filamentous fungi or
      Pneumocystis carinii. The standard antifungal agent in the treatment of these
      patients, amphotericin B deoxycholate, has been challenged recently by newly
      developed antifungals such as voriconazole. It seems important to continue
      antifungal treatment for at least 14 days before first response assessment.
      Microbial isolates from blood cultures, bronchoalveolar lavage or respiratory
      secretions must be critically interpreted with respect to their etiological
      relevance for pulmonary infiltrates, to avoid inadequate antimicrobial treatment
      modification.

PMID- 13680173
TI  - Antimicrobial therapy of unexplained fever in neutropenic patients--guidelines of
      the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the German Society of Hematology
      and Oncology (DGHO), Study Group Interventional Therapy of Unexplained Fever,
      Arbeitsgemeinschaft Supportivmassnahmen in der Onkologie (ASO) of the Deutsche
      Krebsgesellschaft (DKG-German Cancer Society).
AB  - Cytostatic chemotherapy of hematological malignancies is often complicated by
      neutropenia, which increases the risk of infections, especially if the neutrophil
      count is below 500/microl. Frequently, fever is the first, and in most patients
      the only, sign of an infection. Unexplained fever is defined as follows:
      temperature of >/=38.3 degrees C or >/=38.0 degrees C for at least 1 h, or
      measured twice within 12 h, if the neutrophil count is <500/microl or
      <1000/microl with predicted decline to 500/microl. Different risk categories can
      be identified according to the duration of neutropenia: low risk </=5 days,
      intermediate risk 6-9 days, high risk >/=10 days. An empirical mono- or
      duotherapy with antipseudomonal and antistreptococcal agents should be initiated
      immediately. In the low risk patient group, oral therapy with cipro-, levo-, or
      ofloxacin combined with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid is permissible. For standard
      and high risk patients, monotherapy can be carried out with either ceftazidime,
      cefepime, piperacillin with tazobactam or a carbapenem. In duotherapy, a single
      dose of an aminoglycoside is combined with acylaminopenicillin or a cephalosporin
      of the third or fourth generation. The addition of glycopeptides in empirical
      therapy should only be considered in the presence of severe mucositis, or if a
      catheter-associated infection is suspected. If fever persists after 72-96 h of
      first-line therapy with antibiotics, the regimen should be modified (with the
      exception of e.g. coagulase-negative staphylococci infections, because these
      infections take longer to respond). Intermediate risk patients should
      additionally receive an aminoglycoside after monotherapy (penicillin or a
      cephalosporin). If a carbapenem was administered for monotherapy, this can be
      followed by a quinolone and/or a glycopeptide. In the high risk group, the same
      modifications should be made as in the intermediate risk group but with
      additional systemic antifungal treatment. In the presence of unexplained fever,
      fluconazole can be administered at first, but if this fails, amphotericin B
      (conventional or liposomal), itraconazole, voriconazole or caspofungin should be
      started. After defervescence to <38 degrees C, treatment should be continued for
      7 days if the neutrophil count is <1000/microl, and for 2 days if the neutrophil
      count is >1000/microl.

PMID- 13680174
TI  - Extreme lymphoplasmacytosis and hepatic failure associated with sulfasalazine
      hypersensitivity reaction and a concurrent EBV infection--case report and review
      of the literature.
AB  - We present an unusual case of a patient with extreme lymphoplasmacytosis and
      hepatic failure in association with a reaction to sulfasalazine and a concurrent
      Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Sulfa drugs can cause a wide range of
      allergic and hypersensitivity reactions and occasionally can lead to a fulminant
      illness. In the case under discussion the patient had hepatotoxicity, skin rash,
      fever, and peripheral blood atypical lymphocytosis. Initial impressions suggested
      the possibility of a malignant lymphoproliferative disorder. Flow cytometry of
      peripheral blood and a bone marrow biopsy provided clear evidence for a reactive,
      polyclonal process as opposed to a malignant disorder. Cessation of the offending
      drug and administration of steroids led to dramatic improvement. This case
      illustrates that drug hypersensitivity reactions can be manifested by an extreme
      lymphocytoid leukemoid reaction.

PMID- 13680175
TI  - High spontaneous colony growth in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia correlates with
      increased disease activity and is a novel prognostic factor for predicting short
      survival.
AB  - We have originally shown that spontaneous granulocyte/macrophage colony (CFU-GM)
      formation in semisolid medium is a characteristic in vitro feature of chronic
      myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). However, the clinical significance of spontaneous
      CFU-GM growth in CMML is unknown so far. CFU-GM growth characteristics were
      studied in semisolid cultures in the absence of exogenous cytokines using
      peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 30 patients with CMML at first
      presentation. The median number of CFU-GM/10(5) MNC of all patients was 48.5
      (range 0-622) with 18 patients having colony numbers below 100 (low CFU-GM
      growth) and 12 patients above 100 (high CFU-GM growth). Kaplan-Meier analysis
      revealed that patients with high CFU-GM growth had a significantly shorter
      survival than patients with low CFU-GM growth (median 6.5 vs. 44.5 months,
      p<0.00002). The probability of survival after 2 years was 60.5% for patients with
      low colony growth but 0% in those with high colony formation. Patients with CFU
      GM >100 had a significantly higher WBC count, a higher LDH, and a higher number
      of blast cells in blood and bone marrow than patients with low colony growth.
      Moreover, patients with high colony growth had more often splenomegaly and lower
      platelet counts. In seven patients, in whom semisolid in vitro cultures were
      performed after transformation into RAEBT/AML, spontaneous colony growth was
      significantly increased as compared to CFU-GM growth in patients before
      transformation (median number/10(5) MNC 533, range 212-4553, p<0.005). This study
      demonstrates that high (>100) spontaneous CFU-GM formation in CMML at
      presentation correlates with increased disease activity and represents a novel
      and important prognostic factor predicting for short survival of CMML patients.

PMID- 13680176
TI  - Triplication (/alphaalphaalpha anti3.7) or deletion (-alpha3.7/) association in
      Argentinian beta-thalassemic carriers.
AB  - Prevalence of alpha gene triplication or deletion in beta-thalassemia carriers
      was studied in 109 unrelated individuals in Rosario, Argentina. In different
      populations -alpha(3.7) allele presents a higher prevalence than
      alphaalphaalpha(anti3.7); thus, alpha-thalassemia associated with beta
      thalassemia is more frequently observed. Nevertheless, this event was detected in
      only one case (0.9%), while the association with alpha triplication was present
      in two subjects (1.8%).

PMID- 13680177
TI  - Treatment advances in adult immune thrombocytopenic purpura.
AB  - Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by
      autoantibody-mediated destruction of platelets. The disease generally runs a mild
      clinical course, though significant morbidity and mortality can occur. Steroids
      and/or splenectomy are effective in treating the disease in approximately 70% of
      patients. These treatments have been well established with approximately 50 years
      of clinical experience. While open splenectomy is the traditional surgical
      procedure, laparoscopic splenectomy, splenic artery embolization, and splenic
      irradiation are viable alternatives. For patients who relapse after the above
      therapies, treatment is more difficult and seldom results in a cure. The goals of
      therapy involve maintaining a safe platelet count while minimizing toxicities
      from the treatment. Multiple treatment options exist including corticosteroids,
      androgens, immunomodulatory drugs, cytotoxic chemotherapy, immunoglobulin
      preparations, bone marrow transplantation, Helicobacter pylori eradication, and
      others. While the standard treatment of steroids and splenectomy has changed
      little over the past decades, a number of promising new therapies on the horizon
      may soon join the armamentarium upon which the clinician can draw to fight the
      disease. In this review, we will examine treatment for chronic ITP in adults in
      the pre-splenectomy, splenectomy, and post-splenectomy settings.

PMID- 13680178
TI  - Splenodiaphragmatic interposition of the descending colon.
AB  - We present a variation named splenodiaphragmatic or retrosplenic interposition of
      the colon in three patients aged 6, 70, and 71 years who suffered from different
      symptoms. The cases were found in 1,000 thoracoabdominal CT scans examined at the
      radiology clinic between 1999 and 2001. The upper part of descending colon was
      seen to be between the spleen and the left kidney on abdominal CT scans with
      contrast enema in the patient aged 71 years. In a 6 year-old child, part of the
      left colic flexure in the intestinal gas patterns was located between the left
      kidney and spleen, extending up to the diaphragm in the left hypochondrium on
      radiological examinations. The left colic flexure and the beginning of the
      descending colon were imaged on CT behind the spleen at the level of the 11th
      thoracic vertebra in the third patient aged 70 years. Hepatodiaphragmatic
      interposition of the colon has been reported previously in many patients;
      however, no detailed reports are available dealing with the interposition of the
      descending colon between the diaphragm and spleen. Three cases with retrosplenic
      colon variation were investigated in detail in the present study. The
      significance of retrosplenic colon is discussed. It is concluded that the
      identification of this anatomical variation could avoid unnecessary colon
      perforation during percutaneous nephrostomy, splenostomy, biopsy, or splenectomy.

PMID- 13680179
TI  - General organization of the human intra-masseteric aponeuroses: changes with
      ageing.
AB  - A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study of the layout of the aponeurotic layers
      of the masseter muscle was done on a series of 18 patients, aged from 6 to 79
      years. The study was undertaken in parallel with a study on 169 cadavers to
      correlate the anatomical dissection and MRI findings. The aims were as follows.
      On the cadavers, the results of dissection were compared with the results of MRI:
      the layer-by-layer dissections and the anatomical dissections of the different
      spatial planes have shown that the masseter muscle displays a penniform structure
      typically characterized by the presence of alternating muscular/aponeurotic
      layers. The anatomical sections and the MRI section in the same plane allowed the
      appearance of the intra-muscular aponeurotic layers on MRI to be defined. The
      patients were then divided into four age cohorts, and the arrangement and
      variations of the human masseter muscle defined as a function of age. This double
      study has brought new elements to the understanding of the timing of the
      development of the intra-muscular aponeurotic structures and the modifications
      which they undergo with ageing. It appears that the aponeurotic structures only
      become individually identifiable towards the age of 17 years and that ageing is
      accompanied by a reduction in the transverse muscular mass accompanied by a
      verticalization of the aponeurotic layers.

PMID- 13680180
TI  - A rare case of a four-headed biceps brachii muscle with a double piercing by the
      musculocutaneous nerve.
AB  - A rare case of a four-headed biceps brachii muscle associated with a double
      piercing of one of the supernumerary heads by the musculocutaneous nerve was
      observed in the right arm of an 87-year-old female cadaver. One of the
      supernumerary heads of the biceps brachii originated from the humerus, in the
      area between the lesser tubercle and the coracobrachialis and brachialis muscles
      and joined the long head at the level where the latter joined the short head. The
      second supernumerary head originated from the humerus at the point where the
      coracobrachialis muscle inserted and joined the biceps brachii tendon and its
      bicipital aponeurosis at the inferior third of the arm. The musculocutaneous
      nerve originated from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus and, after piercing
      the coracobrachialis muscle, coursed along one of the supernumerary heads of the
      biceps brachii muscle before piercing it from deep to superficial and then again
      from superficial to deep. It then adopted its normal position between the biceps
      brachii and brachialis muscles before exiting in the lateral aspect of the arm
      and continuing as the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm.

PMID- 13680181
TI  - The influence of ankle positioning on the radiography of the distal tibial
      tubercles.
AB  - Three embalmed human lower legs, with the anterior and posterior tubercles of the
      distal tibia marked with needles, were radiographed in four positions of rotation
      to describe the projection and the configuration of the distal tibial tubercles
      and the tibiofibular syndesmosis, since the distal tibial tubercles are often
      described incorrectly in the literature. The anterior and posterior tubercles
      have distinct features that can be recognized in different positions of rotation.
      The anterior tubercle has an angular shape with its maximum dimension
      approximately 1 cm above the joint line. The posterior tubercle is a rounded
      structure in continuity with the posterior lip of the tibia, projecting caudally
      from the anterior tubercle superimposed on the talus. It was shown that the
      tibiofibular clear space (TFCS) and the tibiofibular overlap (TFO) differ
      considerably with rotation and that neither the TFCS nor the TFO depicts a
      constant syndesmotic interval. Both change considerably with varying rotational
      projections. To achieve uniformity it is recommended that the TFCS be measured as
      the distance between the medial border of the fibula and the floor of the
      incisura, and the TFO as the distance between medial border of the fibula and the
      anterior tubercle, both on the anteroposterior radiograph.

PMID- 13680182
TI  - Maxillary-to-petrous internal carotid artery bypass: an anatomical feasibility
      study.
AB  - The possibility for maxillary artery (MA) to petrous internal carotid artery
      (ICA) bypass was investigated. Five adult cadavers were dissected bilaterally.
      After zygomatic arch osteotomy, the coronoid process was sectioned at its base.
      An extensive infratemporal craniotomy was performed at the level of foramina
      ovale, rotundum and spinosum. The petrous portion of the ICA was exposed by
      drilling away the floor of the middle fossa, posterior to the foramen ovale and
      medial to the foramen spinosum. The MA was identified medial to the infratemporal
      crest and was followed in the pterygopalatine fossa, then transected at the
      origin of the infraorbital artery. The MA graft was brought posteromedially to
      reach the petrous ICA. The mean caliber of the MA before the origin of the
      infraorbital artery was 2.54+/-0.31 mm, 2.76+/-0.14 mm at the site of
      anastomosis, and 3.46+/-0.32 mm after giving off the middle meningeal artery. The
      average length of the MA between the middle meningeal artery and the infraorbital
      artery was 43.4+/-2.35 mm, and up to the site of anastomosis was 37.64+/-1.68 mm.
      We conclude that the length and diameter of the MA are sufficient for a tension
      free anastomosis between MA and petrous ICA, and such a procedure could be used
      in the treatment of patients with tumors of the infratemporal fossa invading the
      high cervical ICA.

PMID- 13680183
TI  - Origins and courses of the nervous branches to the male urethral sphincter.
AB  - The striated sphincter of the male urethra, the so-called rhabdosphincter,
      contributes significantly to urethral closure pressure. It is generally agreed
      that the somatic nerve fibers from the pudendal nerve innervate the
      rhabdosphincter, and the autonomic nerve fibers innervate the smooth muscle of
      the urethra. Although it is difficult to clearly identify the rhabdosphincter
      macroscopically, we minutely investigated the nerve branches to the urethral
      sphincter muscle region in 10 male pelvic halves. In addition, the origins and
      courses of the pudendal plexus in 88 male pelvic halves were investigated. To
      this region were given branches of the pudendal nerve and the pelvic plexus. The
      branches from the pelvic plexus to the region generally originated from S4 as the
      lowest branch of the pelvic splanchnic nerve, and ran along the rectal attachment
      of the levator ani. The caudal root of the pelvic splanchnic nerve formed a
      common trunk with the nerve to the levator ani (94%). Various connections were
      sometimes observed between the pudendal nerve and the branches medial to the
      levator ani. It is suggested that the somatic nerve fibers from the nerve to the
      levator ani or from the pudendal nerve might also join the nerve branches to the
      region from the pelvic plexus.

PMID- 13680184
TI  - Presence and course of the incisive canal in the human mandibular interforaminal
      region: two-dimensional imaging versus anatomical observations.
AB  - The objective of the present study was to evaluate the presence and course of the
      incisive canal in the mental interforaminal region of the human mandible and to
      describe the occurrence of anatomical variations. Mandibles of 50 adult human
      cadavers were retrieved from the Department of Anatomy of the Faculty of
      Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (Leuven, Belgium). Forty mandibles were
      edentulous, while 10 mandibles were partially dentate. Intra-oral, panoramic and
      tomographic imaging of the interforaminal region of the human mandible were
      performed. Afterwards, mandibles were sawn into vertical sections according to
      the respective tomographic cross-sections. The latter allowed exploration for the
      presence and course of an anterior prolongation of the mandibular canal.
      Measurements of the location of the incisive canal towards the base of the
      mandible were made using a digital-sliding caliper. Results indicated a well
      defined incisive canal [mean (SD) inner diameter 1.8 (0.5 mm)], macroscopically
      observed in 96% of mandibles. The incisive canal was located on average 9.7 mm
      (SD 1.8 mm) from the lower cortical border and continued towards the incisor
      region in a slightly downward direction, with a mean (SD) distance to the lower
      cortical border of 7.2 (2.1) mm. It was concluded that there is an anterior
      intraosseous extension of the mandibular canal, denoted as the incisive canal.
      The latter might be considered as a true anterior extension of the neurovascular
      bundle. Histological and neurophysiological studies are needed to verify this
      hypothesis and evaluate its potential clinical implications.

PMID- 13680186
TI  - Anatomic and biometric study of the acromioclavicular joint by ultrasound.
AB  - The aim of this study was to describe the normal ultrasound anatomy of
      acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) and to establish ultrasound biometric criteria of
      this joint. Thirty healthy volunteers (16 men, 14 women) underwent a bilateral
      ultrasound examination of the ACJ in both planes (superior, anterosuperior) by
      two different observers. Six measurements were evaluated on the ACJ. The
      morphological appearance was also studied. Five morphological types of the ACJ
      were identified. No significant biometric difference was found between the
      observers, the planes, the dominant and the non-dominant side, and between men
      and women (except for the deep joint space distance). However, the variability of
      the ACJ made this biometric study difficult. The maximum distance between the
      joint capsule and the deep joint space through the superior plane, seemed to be a
      reproducible measurement with the best confidence interval.

PMID- 13680185
TI  - Variability of the spine and pelvis location with respect to the gravity line: a
      three-dimensional stereoradiographic study using a force platform.
AB  - Analyzing standing posture requires a precise measure of the orientation of the
      various body segments with respect to the gravitational vector. We studied the
      posture variability of 34 healthy upright standing subjects. Using a force
      platform combined with a powerful stereoradiographic technique, we acquired the
      spine and pelvis three-dimensional (3D) geometry and located it with respect to
      the gravity line. For our data set, the mean 3D distance between the geometrical
      center of each vertebral body and the gravity line was 28 mm with a standard
      deviation of 5.6 mm. The vertebrae location variability, defined as plus or minus
      twice the mean standard deviation, was +/-40 mm in the sagittal plane and +/-25
      mm in the frontal plane. The line connecting the middle of the external acoustic
      meatus (center of both acoustic meati: CAM) to the middle of the bi-coxo-femoral
      axis (hip axis: HA) was almost vertical. Its mean distance to the gravity line
      was 30 mm. Our data show a left lateralization, with respect to the gravity line,
      of the "Head-Spine-Pelvis" segments. The mean distance was 7.6 mm (SD 1.6 mm).
      This might be due to uneven partitioning of the body mass on each side of the
      sagittal plane.

PMID- 13680187
TI  - Two rare anomalies of the left renal vein.
AB  - Two uncommon anatomical variations of the left renal vein were found on dissected
      specimens: a circumaortic venous ring and a retro-aortic bifid left renal vein.
      The first anomaly results from a persistence of the embryonic renal venous
      collar. The second one would be related to a particular pattern of left inferior
      vena cava. Both abnormalities have to be known for they may be undetected or be
      misleading in imaging. Other clinical implications are also considered.

PMID- 13680188
TI  - Frequency and characteristics of the scaphoid cortical ring sign.
AB  - The scaphoid cortical ring sign (CRS) has been identified as a radiological
      indicator of ligamentous injury of the wrist. It has been associated with some
      pathokinematic states. There exists a range of wrist positions where the CRS may
      be normally present. The purpose of this study was to define the range of motion
      when the CRS can normally be observed on a standard posteroanterior radiograph
      and, in turn, to define the range where the CRS is not expected to be present.
      One hundred and nine posteroanterior radiographs of normal wrists were evaluated
      for the presence, partial presence and absence of the scaphoid CRS. The results
      were correlated with the radio-metacarpal (RM) angle in neutral palmar
      dorsiflexion of the wrist. The range of wrist deviation for the wrists studied
      was -10.0 degrees (radial deviation) to 23.0 degrees (ulnar deviation). We
      defined the normal (and abnormal) range as being two standard deviations from the
      mean. The CRS was present in 25% of the radiographs evaluated. Moreover, the CRS
      was found to be present at 2.7 degrees (+/-7.7 degrees ) of radial deviation with
      a calculated range of -18.1 degrees to 12.7 degrees. The CRS was absent at 12.4
      degrees (+/-11.7 degrees ) of ulnar deviation. It is concluded that the CRS
      observed at values less than 13 degrees of ulnar deviation may or may not be
      abnormal. If the CRS is observed at a RM angle of 13 degrees of ulnar deviation
      or greater, it should be considered pathological. The CRS, however, should be
      used in conjunction with other clinical findings of carpal instability.

PMID- 13680189
TI  - In vivo CT study of carpal axial alignment.
AB  - Axial rotation of the carpal bones forms an important component of all wrist
      movements; however, carpal alignment in the axial plane has somehow not attracted
      attention. The present study comprised computed tomography (CT) imaging of the
      wrist joint in 53 asymptomatic volunteers lying prone with the shoulder abducted,
      elbow flexed and the palm facing down. Axial axes of various carpal bones and the
      distal radius were drawn and measured. The scaphoid axis was found to be in
      neutral position in 11%, and supinated in 89% of wrists, with mean of 16 degrees
      (SD 9 degrees ) while the lunate axis was in neutral position in 17% and
      supinated in 83% of the wrists with mean of 13 degrees (SD 9 degrees ). The axis
      for the triquetrohamate joint was found to be 9 degrees pronated (SD 13 degrees )
      and 6 degrees supinated (SD 7 degrees ) for the capitohamate joint. Mean values
      for various carpal angles were 24 degrees, 21 degrees, 3 degrees, 22 degrees and
      7 degrees for the radioscaphoid, radiolunate, scapholunate, lunotriquetral and
      lunocapitate angle, respectively. Examination was repeated in ten volunteers and
      showed statistically similar values for the various measurements, except the
      lunotriquetral angle. The present study provides a reference database of normal
      anatomy for carpal axial alignment. Its potential applications include
      identifying abnormal axial alignment of the carpal bones that may occur in
      various pathological conditions affecting the wrist joint, and also
      quantification of normal and abnormal axial motion of the carpal bones.

PMID- 13680190
TI  - Plug migration and cement mantle assessment in total hip replacement.
AB  - We reviewed a series of consecutive total hip replacements with cemented femoral
      components. Modern cementing techniques were followed in all cases, but two
      different medullary plugs were used-one was polyethylene and the other
      bioabsorbable gelatin. Cement mantle quality and plug migration were assessed by
      three different observers (X, Y, and Z); their findings did not agree. This was
      particularly evident when the cement mantles were assessed. There was a better
      cement mantle grading and less distal migration with polyethylene plugs, although
      there was no significant statistical difference between the two groups.

PMID- 13680191
TI  - Mutations and regulatory anomalies effecting tumor cell immune functions.
AB  - The immune system is capable of interacting with tumor cells in such a way as to
      lead to tumor cell death, and this knowledge has inspired therapies to manipulate
      patient immune systems to eradicate cancer. However, tumor cells are able to
      mitigate the antitumor immune response, a fact that has rarely been addressed in
      the design of immunotherapies. There are many different tumor cell immune
      functions that play a role in mitigating the antitumor immune response. In some
      cases, these functions appear to be intimately associated with the tumor cell
      abnormalities that lead to loss of growth control, such as the cases where
      classical tumor suppressor proteins regulate tumor cell immune function genes. In
      other cases, tumor cell mutations appear to affect only the antitumor response,
      such as tumor cell mutations that eliminate MHC class I expression. Here I review
      the bases for tumor cell immune functions, noting in particular where tumor cell
      mutations, the gold standard for identifying a tumor-specific function, are known
      to be responsible for the tumor cell immune function. This review also discusses
      other known regulatory anomalies, in the absence of a known mutation, that are
      apparently important for tumor development and that regulate tumor cell immune
      functions. Surprisingly, in many cases where the tumor cell immune function is
      well understood in terms of its effect on the antitumor immune response, the
      tumor abnormality underlying the tumor cell immune function is completely
      uncharacterized.

PMID- 13680192
TI  - Combination of monocyte-derived dendritic cells and activated T cells which
      express CD40 ligand: a new approach to cancer immunotherapy.
AB  - Interactions between dendritic cells (DCs) and activated T cells are critically
      important for the establishment of an effective immune response. To develop the
      basis for a new DC-based cancer vaccine, we investigated cell-to-cell
      interactions between human monocyte-derived DCs and autologous T cells that are
      activated to express the CD40 ligand (CD40L). Peripheral blood monocytes were
      cultured in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM
      CSF) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) to induce differentiation of DCs. Activated T cells
      (ATs) consisted of autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes that had been
      activated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and then stimulated with calcium
      ionophore to up-regulate expression of CD40L. Coculture of these DCs and ATs
      induced significant production of interleukin 12 (IL-12) and also enhanced the
      production of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma). The production of IL-12 was blocked
      by an anti-CD40L antibody or by separation of the DC and AT fractions by a
      permeable membrane. Furthermore, coculture of DCs and ATs induced DCs to
      upregulate CD83 expression and stimulated migration of DCs toward the macrophage
      inflammatory protein 3-beta (MIP-3beta). ATs also migrated toward the MIP-3beta.
      These results suggest a combination of DCs and ATs as a potentially effective
      therapeutic strategy.

PMID- 13680193
TI  - Natural CD8+ T-cell responses against MHC class I epitopes of the HER-2/ neu
      oncoprotein in patients with epithelial tumors.
AB  - HER-2/ neu is an immunogenic protein eliciting both humoral and cellular immune
      responses in patients with HER-2/ neu-positive ((+)) tumors. Preexisting
      cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) immunity to HER-2/ neu has so far been mainly
      evaluated in terms of detection of CTL precursor (CTLp) frequencies to the
      immunogenic HLA-A2-binding nona-peptide 369-377 (HER-2(9(369))). In the present
      study, we examined patients with HER-2/ neu(+) breast, ovarian, lung, colorectal,
      and prostate cancers for preexisting CTL immunity to four recently described HER
      2/ neu-derived and HLA-A2-restricted "cytotoxic" peptides and to a novel one
      spanning amino acids 777-785 also with HLA-A2-binding motif. We utilized enzyme
      linked immunosorbent spot (ELISpot) assay, which allows a quantitative and
      functional assessment of T cells directed against specific peptides after only
      brief in vitro incubation. CTL reactivity was determined with an interferon gamma
      (IFN-gamma) ELISpot assay detecting T cells at the single cell level secreting
      IFN-gamma. CTLp were defined as peptide-specific precursors per 10(6) peripheral
      blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Patients' PBMCs with increased CTLp were also
      tested against autologous tumor targets and peptide-pulsed dendritic cells (DCs)
      in cytotoxicity assays. We also studied patients with HER-2/ neu-negative ((-))
      tumors and healthy individuals. Of the HER-2/neu(+) patients examined, 31% had
      increased CTLp to HER-2(9(952)), 19% to HER-2(9(665)), 16% to HER-2(9(689)), and
      12.5% HER-2(9(435)), whereas only 2 of 32 patients (6%) responded to HER
      2(9(777)). The CTLp recognizing HER-2(9(952)) were extremely high in two patients
      with breast cancer, one with lung cancer, and one with prostate cancer. None of
      the HER-2/neu(-) patients or healthy donors exhibited increased CTLp to any of
      these peptides. Besides IFN-gamma production, preexisting CTL immunity to all
      five HER-2/ neu peptides was also shown in cytotoxicity assays where patients'
      PBMCs with increased CTLp specifically lysed autologous tumor targets and
      autologous peptide-pulsed DCs. Our results demonstrate for the first time that
      (1) preexisting immunity to peptides HER-2(9(435)), HER-2(9(952)), HER-2(9(689)),
      HER-2(9(665)), and HER-2(9(777)) is present in patients with HER-2/ neu(+) tumors
      of distinct histology, (2) HER-2(9(777)) is a naturally processed peptide
      expressed on the surface of HER-2/ neu(+) tumors, as are the other four peptides,
      and (3) HER-2/ neu(+) prostate tumor cells can be recognized and lysed by
      autologous HER-2 peptide-specific CTL. Our findings broaden the potential
      application of HER-2/ neu-based immunotherapy.

PMID- 13680194
TI  - Heparan sulphate epitope-expression is associated with the inflammatory response
      in metastatic malignant melanoma.
AB  - Heparan sulphate (HS) represents a heterogeneous class of molecules on cell
      membranes and extracellular matrices. These molecules are involved in a variety
      of biological processes, including immune responses, through their binding and
      functional modulation of proteins. Recently a panel of HS-epitope-specific, human
      single chain antibodies have been generated by phage display, facilitating
      analysis of the structural heterogeneity of HS in relation to pathological
      conditions. In a pilot study a heterogeneous staining pattern in melanoma
      metastases was observed with one of the clones (EW4G1). Using a double-staining
      technique, the expression of this epitope was studied in 12 metastatic melanoma
      lesions in relation to the presence of a CD3(+) cell infiltrate. Different
      staining patterns with EW4G1 were observed in the different lesions. The
      different staining patterns were associated with the presence and pattern of
      inflammation with CD3(+) cells. A pronounced staining pattern of blood vessels
      with EW4G1 was associated with a more or less brisk presence of CD3(+) cells,
      while a pronounced staining of tumour cells or tumour cell matrix or absence of
      staining with EW4G1 was associated with absence of CD3(+) cells. These results
      suggest a dualistic role for HS in the recruitment and intratumoural migration of
      CD3(+) cells, depending on the location of expression of its epitope recognized
      by EW4G1. Further characterization of the structural diversity of HS and its
      function in T-cell recruitment and migration is therefore warranted, since
      detailed understanding of this relation may provide new targets for therapeutic
      intervention, such that better homing and migration of T cells (in)to tumours
      might be achieved in immunologically based treatment strategies.

PMID- 13680195
TI  - T-cell responses to multiple antigens presented by RNA-transfected APCs: a
      possible immunomonitoring tool.
AB  - The increasingly deeper understanding of how the immune system recognizes and
      destroys tumors promises to enable the development of new approaches for gene
      therapy and immunotherapy. However, a treatment that induces safe and potentially
      beneficial antitumor responses is expected to require stepwise refinements. As
      part of this challenge, assays are needed to measure specific antitumor immune
      responses in patients. This becomes problematic because most tumors express
      unknown tumor antigens and it is often difficult to obtain sufficient amounts of
      viable tumor material for in vitro assays. Recently it was demonstrated that RNA
      derived from tumor cells stimulated T cells in an antigen-specific manner. These
      studies have formed the basis for the development of dendritic cell vaccines that
      express tumor antigens following translation of tumor RNA. Therefore, it occurred
      to us that antigen-presenting cells transfected with total tumor RNA might also
      be valuable in monitoring the antitumor responses induced in patients who
      participate in clinical trials. To test this hypothesis, we developed a model in
      which Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines were used as
      a source of RNA. Since this RNA encodes for known EBV antigens, it was possible
      to determine whether the expected responses were observed. Our results show for
      the first time that T cells primed to APC transfected with RNA isolated from EBV
      infected lymphocytes exhibited a fine specificity that enabled them to recognize
      individual EBV antigens.

PMID- 13680196
TI  - Sentinel lymph nodes in gynaecological malignancies: frontline between TNM and
      clinical staging systems?
AB  - Numerous investigations have recently proved the importance of sentinel lymph
      node detection in various malignant tumours. It is widely accepted that this
      procedure is to be recommended only in patients with early stage tumours. The
      lymph node status and prognosis are closely related. Appropriate staging is
      essential in the management of malignant tumours and should be individualised. In
      many cases, the nodal status does not correlate with the clinical stage of the
      disease. In this survey, we consider some of the most common gynaecological
      malignancies and the type of staging most appropriate to them. Differences
      between these staging systems, and controversies concerning them, are related to
      the concept of sentinel lymph node investigation. The authors believe that
      sentinel node sampling is in fact a beneficial method in both early and advanced
      stage disease for determination of the tumour status and individualisation of
      surgical interventions.

PMID- 13680197
TI  - Quantification of human brain benzodiazepine receptors using
      [18F]fluoroethylflumazenil: a first report in volunteers and epileptic patients.
AB  - Fluorine-18 fluoroethylflumazenil ([18F]FEF) is a tracer for central
      benzodiazepine (BZ) receptors which is proposed as an alternative to carbon-11
      flumazenil for in vivo imaging using positron emission tomography (PET) in
      humans. In this study, [18F]FEF kinetic data were acquired using a 60-min two
      injection protocol on three normal subjects and two patients suffering from
      mesiotemporal epilepsy as demonstrated by abnormal magnetic resonance imaging and
      [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. First, a tracer bolus
      injection was performed and [18F]FEF rapidly distributed in the brain according
      to the known BZ receptor distribution. Thirty minutes later a displacement
      injection of 0.01 mg/kg of unlabelled flumazenil was performed. Activity was
      rapidly displaced from all BZ receptor regions demonstrating the specific binding
      of [18F]FEF. No displacement was observed in the pons. Plasma input function was
      obtained from arterial blood sampling, and metabolite analysis was performed by
      high-performance liquid chromatography. Metabolite quantification revealed a fast
      decrease in tracer plasma concentration, such that at 5 min post injection about
      70% of the total radioactivity in plasma corresponded to [18F]FEF, reaching 24%
      at 30 min post injection. The interactions between [18F]FEF and BZ receptors were
      described using linear compartmental models with plasma input and reference
      tissue approaches. Binding potential values were in agreement with the known
      distribution of BZ receptors in human brain. Finally, in two patients with
      mesiotemporal sclerosis, reduced uptake of [18F]FEF was clearly observed in the
      implicated left hippocampus.

PMID- 13680198
TI  - Scintigraphic evaluation of Zenker's diverticulum.
AB  - Zenker's diverticulum (ZD) is a rare pathology, with a prevalence of between
      0.01% and 0.11%. Definitive diagnosis of ZD can be accomplished by contrast
      radiographic examination (barium oesophagogram, BE); oesophageal manometry (ME)
      is recommended mainly for those patients suffering from dysphagia and/or gastro
      oesophageal reflux. The aims of the present study were to assess whether
      oropharyngo-oesophageal scintigraphy (OPES) is able (a) to visualise ZD and (2)
      to demonstrate the corresponding alteration in the swallowing phases. We studied
      16 patients (nine male, seven female, mean age 67.4 years), and 17 healthy
      volunteers (ten male, seven female, mean age 53 years) as a control group. All
      the patients underwent ME, BE and OPES. Nine patients underwent surgery and six
      of them were re-evaluated after 6 months. We administered 10 ml of water with 37
      MBq of technetium-99m colloid through a straw, acquiring 480 sequential images
      (0.125 s/frame for a total of 60 s) with the patient standing in front of the
      gamma camera in the 80 degrees right anterior oblique position. Two static images
      were performed at the end of the dynamic phase, before and after ingestion of 100
      ml of unlabelled water to evaluate the presence of inflammation (persistence of
      radioactivity in the diverticulum or oesophagus). Study of the sequential
      scintigraphic images and time-activity curves permitted both qualitative
      (diverticulum visualisation, multiple deglutitions, reflux, presence of
      inflammation) and quantitative analyses [oral, pharyngeal and oesophageal transit
      times and retention indexes, tracheal aspiration percentage] of swallowing
      disorders. OPES showed a good correlation with the results of other diagnostic
      techniques usually performed in patients with this pathology, and especially with
      ME in the evaluation of oropharyngeal phase disorders. Furthermore, OPES is a
      sensitive and simple technique that is well tolerated and entails a low
      irradiation dose for patients.

PMID- 13680199
TI  - Polyethylene wear in total hip prostheses: the influence of direction of linear
      wear on volumetric wear determined from radiographic data.
AB  - PURPOSE: To develop a new mathematical model for calculating the volumetric wear
      of polyethylene cups from known values of the radius of the prosthesis head, the
      extent of linear wear and the direction of linear wear determined from standard
      antero-posterior radiographs. METHOD: A new mathematical model was developed. The
      results of this new mathematical model were compared with the results obtained
      using the standard, frequently used mathematical model, which takes into
      consideration only the radius of the prosthesis head and the extent of linear
      wear of the polyethylene cups. The results of both mathematical models were
      further compared with the results obtained by direct measurement of volumetric
      wear using the fluid displacement method. RESULTS: Comparison of the mathematical
      models shows that the average volumetric wear calculated using the new
      mathematical model is 8.5% smaller than the average volumetric wear determined by
      the fluid displacement method, while the average volumetric wear calculated by
      standard mathematical model is 17.5% higher. The results of the new mathematical
      model are, thus, notably less biased than those of the standard one. CONCLUSION:
      In calculating the volumetric wear from antero-posterior radiographs, not only
      the radius of the prosthesis head and the extent of the linear wear but also the
      direction of the latter has to be considered.

PMID- 13680200
TI  - In vitro evaluation of the fermentation properties of galactooligosaccharides
      synthesised by alpha-galactosidase from Lactobacillus reuteri.
AB  - Stirred, pH-controlled anaerobic batch cultures were used to evaluate the in
      vitro utilisation by canine gut microflora of novel alpha-galactooligosaccharides
      synthesised with an enzyme extract from a canine Lactobacillus reuteri strain.
      Fructooligosaccharides (FOS), melibiose and raffinose were used as reference
      carbohydrates for the prebiotic properties of the synthesised oligosaccharide
      (galactosyl melibiose mixture-GMM). Addition of Lactobacillus acidophilus was
      used as control for the evaluation of the synbiotic properties of the
      oligosaccharide with L. reuteri. Populations of predominant gut bacterial groups
      were monitored over 48 h of batch culture by fluorescent in situ hybridisation,
      and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production was measured. GMM showed a higher
      increase in bifidobacteria and lactobacilli population number and size as well as
      a higher decrease in clostridia population number and size compared to the
      commercial prebiotics (FOS, melibiose, raffinose). This prebiotic effect was
      further increased by the addition of L. reuteri followed by a change in the SCFA
      production pattern compared to GMM alone or GMM with L. acidophilus. The observed
      change in SCFA production was in accordance with the fermentation properties of
      L. reuteri, suggesting that the novel synbiotic had a significant effect on the
      canine gut microflora fermentation.

PMID- 13680201
TI  - Primary structure and transcription analysis of a laccase-encoding gene from the
      basidiomycete Trametes trogii.
AB  - A cDNA coding for laccase was isolated from the white-rot fungus Trametes trogii
      201. This cDNA corresponded to the lcc1 gene, which coded for a precursor protein
      of 517 amino acids with a 21 amino acid signal peptide. Comparison of the deduced
      sequence with known laccases showed that this enzyme was most closely related to
      Lac1 from basidiomycete PM1 and Trametes C30 (98% similarity). The expression of
      lcc1 was analysed under different growth conditions; transcription of this gene
      was enhanced by the addition of organic nitrogen to the medium. The level of lcc1
      transcription was higher when T. trogii was grown on synthetic medium
      supplemented with yeast extract rather than mycological peptone or tryptone. The
      transcription data were in agreement with total laccase activity measured in the
      supernatant and suggested that laccase production and lcc1 transcription are
      coordinately regulated in this organism. The lcc1 cDNA was expressed in the
      methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris and the detection of laccase activity
      indicated that this cDNA encodes a laccase.

PMID- 13680202
TI  - Bacterial heme biosynthesis and its biotechnological application.
AB  - Proteins carrying a prosthetic heme group are vital parts of bacterial energy
      conserving and stress response systems. They also mediate complex enzymatic
      reactions and regulatory processes. Here, we review the multistep biosynthetic
      pathway of heme formation including the enzymes involved and reaction mechanisms.
      Potential biotechnological implications are discussed.

PMID- 13680203
TI  - Isolation and evaluation of antagonistic bacteria towards the cucurbit powdery
      mildew fungus Podosphaera fusca.
AB  - Powdery mildew is one of the most important limiting factors for cucurbits
      production in Spain, its management being strongly dependent on chemicals. The
      aim of this work was to evaluate the possibility of exploiting antagonistic
      bacteria in the biological control of the cucurbit powdery mildew fungus
      Podosphaera fusca (syn. Sphaerotheca fusca). Among a collection of bacterial
      strains isolated from distinct cucurbit powdery mildew diseased plants and
      rhizospheric soils, four isolates were selected, by means of a screening method
      based on antibiotic production, and identified as Bacillus spp. These isolates
      proved to be efficacious in the control of cucurbit powdery mildew in in vitro
      detached leaves and seedling biocontrol assays, where reductions of disease
      severity of up to 80% were obtained. Furthermore, bacterial populations on melon
      leaves remained at similar levels (10(5) cfu cm(-2)) over the 16-day period
      studied and, as observed by scanning electron microscopy analysis, they were able
      to establish microcolonies associated with an extracellular matrix, which reveals
      that these isolates efficiently colonize melon phylloplane. These results
      indicate that the bacterial isolates selected are promising candidates for
      biological control agents of cucurbit powdery mildew in southern Spain.

PMID- 13680204
TI  - A biomarker for the identification of swine fecal pollution in water, using the
      STII toxin gene from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.
AB  - This research developed a PCR method to identify swine fecal pollution in water,
      using a portion of the STII toxin gene from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli as
      the target sequence. This method showed the gene to have a wide-spread
      geographical distribution and temporal stability; and the primers demonstrated
      high specificity, sensitivity, and reliability. A total of 110 DNA extracts from
      different animal fecal and human sewage samples were screened using the primers
      and no positives resulted. Centrifugation and filtration methods for
      concentrating E. coli seeded into stream, ocean, secondary effluent, and dairy
      lagoon waters resulted in detection limits at the femtogram and attogram levels.
      E. coli with the biomarker seeded into stream, ocean, and secondary effluent
      waters remained stable for approximately 2 weeks for all water types. Of the farm
      lagoon and waste samples tested, 94% were positive for the STII trait, regardless
      of the number of E. coli screened and 100% were positive when > or =35 E. coli
      isolates were screened. As the PCR product of the target sequence yielded a
      single band, the method is applicable to dot blot detection methodology, yielding
      great accuracy in determining the presence of swine fecal sources.

PMID- 13680205
TI  - Toward rational control of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by a phage cocktail.
AB  - Twenty six phages infected with Escherichia coli O157:H7 were screened from
      various sources. Among them, nine caused visible lysis of E. coli O157:H7 cells
      in LB liquid medium. However, prolonged incubation of E. coli cells and phage
      allowed the emergence of phage-resistant cells. The susceptibility of the phage
      resistant cells to the nine phages was diverse. A rational procedure for
      selecting an effective cocktail of phage for controlling bacteria was
      investigated based on the mechanism of phage-resistant cell conversion. Deletion
      of OmpC from the E. coli cells facilitated the emergence of cells resistant to
      SP21 phage. After 8 h of incubation, SP21-resistant cells appeared. By contrast,
      alteration of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) profile facilitated cell resistance to
      SP22 phage, which was observed following a 6-h incubation. When a cocktail of
      phages SP21 and SP22 was used to infect E. coli O157:H7 cells, 30 h was required
      for the emergence of cells (R-C) resistant to both phages. The R-C cells carried
      almost the same outer membrane and LPS components as the wild-type cells.
      However, the reduced binding ability of both phages to R-C cells suggested
      disturbance of phage adsorption to the R-C surface. Even though R-C cells
      resistant to both phages appeared, this work shows that rational selection of
      phages has the potential to at least delay the emergence of phage resistance.

PMID- 13680206
TI  - Bacteria engineered for fuel ethanol production: current status.
AB  - The lack of industrially suitable microorganisms for converting biomass into fuel
      ethanol has traditionally been cited as a major technical roadblock to developing
      a bioethanol industry. In the last two decades, numerous microorganisms have been
      engineered to selectively produce ethanol. Lignocellulosic biomass contains
      complex carbohydrates that necessitate utilizing microorganisms capable of
      fermenting sugars not fermentable by brewers' yeast. The most significant of
      these is xylose. The greatest successes have been in the engineering of Gram
      negative bacteria: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Zymomonas mobilis.
      E. coli and K. oxytoca are naturally able to use a wide spectrum of sugars, and
      work has concentrated on engineering these strains to selectively produce
      ethanol. Z. mobilis produces ethanol at high yields, but ferments only glucose
      and fructose. Work on this organism has concentrated on introducing pathways for
      the fermentation of arabinose and xylose. The history of constructing these
      strains and current progress in refining them are detailed in this review.

PMID- 13680207
TI  - Circular dichroism spectra of beta-peptides: sensitivity to molecular structure
      and effects of motional averaging.
AB  - Circular dichroism spectra of two beta-peptides, i.e. peptides composed of beta
      amino acids, calculated using ensembles of configurations obtained by molecular
      dynamics simulation are presented. The calculations were based on 200 ns
      simulations of a beta-heptapeptide in methanol at 298 K and 340 K and a 50 ns
      simulation of a beta-hexapeptide in methanol at 340 K. In the simulations the
      peptides sampled both folded (helical) and unfolded structures. Trajectory
      structures with common backbone conformations were identified and grouped into
      clusters. The CD spectra were calculated for individual structures, based on
      peptide-group dipole transition moments obtained from semi-empirical molecular
      orbital theory and using the so-called matrix method. The single-structure
      spectra were then averaged over entire trajectories and over clusters of
      structures. Although certain features of the experimental CD spectra of the beta
      peptides are reproduced by the trajectory-average spectra, there exist clear
      differences between the two sets of spectra in both wavelength and peak
      intensities. The analysis of individual contributions to the average spectra
      shows that, in general, the interpretation of a CD signal in terms of a single
      structure is not possible. Moreover, there is a large variation in the CD spectra
      calculated for a set of individual structures that belong to the same cluster,
      even when a structurally tight clustering criterion is used. This indicates that
      the CD spectra of these peptides are very sensitive to small local structural
      differences.

PMID- 13680208
TI  - Elastic properties of the red blood cell membrane that determine echinocyte
      deformability.
AB  - The natural biconcave shape of red blood cells (RBC) may be altered by injury or
      environmental conditions into a spiculated form (echinocyte). An analysis is
      presented of the effect of such a transformation on the resistance of RBC to
      entry into capillary sized cylindrical tubes. The analysis accounts for the
      elasticity of the membrane skeleton in dilation and shear, and the local and
      nonlocal resistance of the bilayer to bending, the latter corresponding to
      different area strains in the two leaflets of the bilayer. The shape
      transformation is assumed to be driven by the equilibrium area difference (delta
      A(0), the difference between the equilibrium areas of the bilayer leaflets),
      which also affects the energy of deformation. The cell shape is approximated by a
      parametric model. Shape parameters, skeleton shear deformation, and the skeleton
      density of deformed membrane relative to the skeleton density of undeformed
      membrane are obtained by minimization of the corresponding thermodynamic
      potential. Experimentally, delta A(0) is modified and the corresponding discocyte
      echinocyte shape transition obtained by high-pressure aspiration into a narrow
      pipette, and the deformability of the resulting echinocyte is examined by whole
      cell aspiration into a larger pipette. We conclude that the deformability of the
      echinocyte can be accounted for by the mechanical behavior of the normal RBC
      membrane, where the equilibrium area difference delta A(0) is modified.

PMID- 13680209
TI  - The HERG K+ channel: progress in understanding the molecular basis of its unusual
      gating kinetics.
AB  - The HERG K+ channel has very unusual kinetic behaviour that includes slow
      activation but rapid inactivation. These features are critical for normal cardiac
      repolarisation as well as in preventing lethal ventricular arrhythmias. Extensive
      mutagenesis of the HERG K+ channel has allowed identification of which regions of
      the channel are important for the unusual kinetic behaviour of the channel.
      Furthermore, structural studies on scorpion toxins that potently inhibit HERG are
      beginning to provide clues as to the structural differences between HERG and
      other voltage-gated K+ channels.

PMID- 13680210
TI  - Cross-linking properties of alginate gels determined by using advanced NMR
      imaging and Cu(2+) as contrast agent.
AB  - The entrapment of enzymes, drugs, cells or tissue fragments in alginates cross
      linked with Ca(2+) or Ba(2+) has great potential in basic research, biotechnology
      and medicine. The swelling properties and, in turn, the mechanical stability are
      key factors in designing an optimally cross-linked hydrogel matrix. These
      parameters depend critically on the cross-linking process and seemingly minor
      modifications in manufacture have a large impact. Thus, sensitive and non
      invasive tools are required to determine the spatial homogeneity and efficacy of
      the cross-linking process. Here, we show for alginate microcapsules (between 400
      microm and 600 microm in diameter) that advanced (1)H NMR imaging, along with
      paramagnetic Cu(2+) as contrast agent, can be used to validate the cross-linking
      process. Two- and three-dimensional images and maps of the spin-lattice
      relaxation time T(1) of Ba(2+) cross-linked microcapsules exposed to external
      Cu(2+) yielded qualitative as well as quantitative information about the
      accumulation of Cu(2+) within and removal from microcapsules upon washing with
      Cu(2+) free saline solution. The use of Cu(2+) (having a slightly higher affinity
      constant to alginate than Ba(2+)) for gelling gave a complementary insight into
      the spatial homogeneity of the cross-linking process together with information
      about the mechanical stability of the microcapsules. The potential of this
      technique was demonstrated for alginates extracted from two different algal
      sources and cross-linked either externally by the conventional air-jet dropping
      method or internally by the "crystal gun" method.

PMID- 13680211
TI  - Solid-state NMR study of antimicrobial peptides from Australian frogs in
      phospholipid membranes.
AB  - Antimicrobial peptides, isolated from the dorsal glands of Australian tree frogs,
      possess a wide spectrum of biological activity and some are specific to certain
      pathogens. These peptides have the capability of disrupting bacterial membranes
      and lysing lipid bilayers. This study focused on the following amphibian
      peptides: (1) aurein 1.2, a 13-residue peptide; (2) citropin 1.1, with 16
      residues; and (3) maculatin 1.1, with 21 residues. The antibiotic activity and
      structure of these peptides have been studied and compared and possible
      mechanisms by which the peptides lyse bacterial membrane cells have been
      proposed. The peptides adopt amphipathic alpha-helical structures in the presence
      of lipid micelles and vesicles. Specifically 15N-labelled peptides were studied
      using solid-state NMR to determine their structure and orientation in model lipid
      bilayers. The effect of these peptides on phospholipid membranes was determined
      by 2H and 31P solid-state NMR techniques in order to understand the mechanisms by
      which they exert their biological effects that lead to the disruption of the
      bacterial cell membrane. Aurein 1.2 and citropin 1.1 are too short to span the
      membrane bilayer while the longer maculatin 1.1, which may be flexible due to the
      central proline, would be able to span the bilayer as a transmembrane alpha
      helix. All three peptides had a peripheral interaction with phosphatidylcholine
      bilayers and appear to be located in the aqueous region of the membrane bilayer.
      It is proposed that these antimicrobial peptides have a "detergent"-like
      mechanism of membrane lysis.

PMID- 13680212
TI  - Implicit solvent model estimates of the stability of model structures of the
      alamethicin channel.
AB  - Alamethicin is a hydrophobic helical peptide of 20 residues, which oligomerizes
      to form ion-conducting channels in membranes. The behavior of an intact
      alamethicin channel in POPC bilayers was recently studied, using 2 ns molecular
      dynamics (MD) simulations of a model hexameric channel. These simulations
      produced numerous conformations of the channel. In the present study, we used 11
      of these channel conformations and carried out continuum-solvent model
      calculations, similar to those used for the monomers in our previous studies, to
      investigate the energetics of the channel inside the lipid bilayer. Our results
      suggest that, out of the 11 channel conformations produced by the MD simulations,
      only four are stable inside the lipid bilayer, with water-to-membrane free
      energies of transfer ranging from approximately -6 to approximately -10 kcal/mol.
      Analysis of the results suggests two causes for the apparent instability of the
      remainder of the structures inside the lipid bilayer, both resulting from the
      desolvation of channel polar groups (i.e. their transfer from the aqueous phase
      into the bilayer). The first is specific, uncompensated backbone hydrogen bonds,
      which exist in the region of the channel exposed to the hydrocarbon of the lipid
      bilayer. The second is exposure of intra-pore water molecules to the surrounding
      lipid. Thus, the association of these structures with the membrane involves a
      large electrostatic desolvation free-energy penalty. The apparent conflict
      between continuum-solvent and MD calculations, and its significance for the
      interpretation of membrane proteins simulations, are discussed.

PMID- 13680213
TI  - Thrombin induces Sp1-mediated antiviral effects in cytomegalovirus-infected human
      retinal pigment epithelial cells.
AB  - Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) retinitis causing retinal detachment and destruction
      of the blood-retina barrier is closely related to retinal hemorrhage/coagulation.
      However, the effects of procoagulants on HCMV (re)activation in retinal cells
      have not been investigated yet. Therefore, we studied whether thrombin modulates
      the expression of HCMV immediate early (IE) and late (L) genes in cultured human
      retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE). Thrombin specifically stimulated the
      protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) on RPE and, surprisingly, inhibited basal
      and 12,0-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate-stimulated HCMV IE gene expression in
      infected RPE. On the other hand, HCMV strongly induced Sp1 DNA binding activity,
      which was prevented by thrombin/PAR1-mediated Sp1 hyperphosphorylation. Our data
      suggest that thrombin/PAR-1 may inhibit Sp1-dependent HCMV replication, which
      might be an important regulatory mechanism for HCMV persistence and replication
      in RPE.

PMID- 13680214
TI  - An ospA-polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism-based
      method for sensitive detection and reliable differentiation of all European
      Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species and OspA types.
AB  - We describe a sensitive and reliable method for detection and differentiation of
      the five relevant European Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species ( B.
      burgdorferi sensu stricto, B. afzelii, B. garinii, B. valaisiana, and B.
      lusitaniae), based on a heminested ospA-PCR followed by restriction enzyme
      analysis. Sensitivity was one borrelia per PCR except for B. afzelii, where it
      was five per PCR. None of seven relapsing fever borreliae, eight Leptospira
      serovars or two Treponema species were amplified. Except B. garinii, each of the
      five B. burgdorferi s.l. species is represented by one or two characteristic
      restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns. Analysis of the
      heterogeneous group of B. garinii resulted in five different RFLP patterns,
      corresponding to the OspA types 3-7 associated with this species. In a pilot
      study on 529 Ixodes ricinus ticks from three different regions in Southern
      Germany, all species and OspA types were found except B. lusitaniae and B.
      garinii OspA type 7, arguing for a broad distribution of almost all OspA types. A
      further notable finding was the focal prevalence of OspA type 4, which has rarely
      been detected in ticks previously. Thus, the developed method provides a fast and
      simple tool for epidemiological studies on the heterogeneity of species and OspA
      types in Europe which has important implications for the development of vaccines
      and (microbiological) test systems for Europe.

PMID- 13680215
TI  - Characterization of coxsackievirus B3-caused apoptosis under in vitro conditions.
AB  - Among several mechanisms of pathogenesis of the frequent and sometimes serious
      infections with coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), one detail is apoptosis. Recently, a
      new apoptotic mechanism involving the specific interaction between the capsid
      protein VP2 of the highly virulent variant CVB3H3 and the proapoptotic host
      protein Siva was identified. The relevance of this observation for virus
      pathogenicity was shown in a BALB/c mouse model using CVB3H3 and the interaction
      deficient mutant virus CVB3H310A1. In this study these results were verified and
      extended under in vitro conditions. The different apoptotic capability of CVB3H3
      versus CVB3H310A1 was demonstrated by apoptotic nuclear condensation, DNA
      fragmentation, expression of Siva mRNA, and caspase-3 activation. The virus
      specific differences were caused by the VP2 capsid proteins, which was shown by
      overexpression of the single VP2H3 and VP2H310A1 protein. Furthermore, the
      involvement of apoptosis in virus progeny production and the associated
      appearance of the cytopathic effect was demonstrated by application of the pan
      caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. These in vitro results indicate that the induction
      of apoptosis during CVB3H3 infection is based on the interaction between the
      capsid protein VP2 and the proapoptotic protein Siva, independently from the
      complex situation in vivo.

PMID- 13680216
TI  - Interferons in enteroviral heart disease: modulation of cytokine expression and
      antiviral activity.
AB  - Interferon (IFN)-beta has a more than 120-fold higher antiviral activity than the
      closely related IFN-alpha in human myocardial fibroblasts infected with the
      cardiotropic enterovirus coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3). CVB3 replication induces
      interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 expression in myocardial fibroblasts, and suppresses
      the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). We investigated
      whether the higher antiviral activity of IFN-beta compared to IFN-alpha was a
      result of a suppression of IL-8 expression by IFN-beta since previous studies had
      indicated that IL-8 stimulates enterovirus replication. Human myocardial
      fibroblasts were treated with either IFN-alpha, IFN-beta or IFN-gamma (0, 10,
      100, or 1,000 IU/ml) and the concentrations of IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1 were measured
      in culture supernatants by immunoassays. Both IFN-beta and IFN-gamma reduced IL-6
      and IL-8 expression significantly. In addition, neutralization of IL-8 in culture
      supernatants of myocardial fibroblasts using a monoclonal antibody demonstrated a
      significant reduction of CVB3 titers. Antiproliferative effects of all three IFNs
      were very low (<30% with 1,000 IU/ml), indicating that the suppression IL-6 and
      IL-8 was not related to cytotoxicity. MCP-1 expression was increased only by high
      concentrations of IFN-gamma (1,000 IU/ml). By contrast, IFN-alpha had no
      significant effect on IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1 expression. In conclusion, suppression
      of IL-8 expression is an "immuno-modulating" feature of IFN-beta in human
      myocardial fibroblasts, which is similar to the activity of IFN-gamma. This
      feature of IFN-beta contributes to its high antiviral activity against CVB3 and
      may be useful in the treatment of enteroviral heart disease.

PMID- 13680217
TI  - Effects of 6-aminonicotinamide gliotoxin on blood-brain barrier differentiation
      in the chick embryo cerebellum.
AB  - The hypothesis of astroglial cell involvement in prenatal setting up of the blood
      brain barrier (BBB) has been examined by producing glial degeneration in
      cerebellum of chicken embryos submitted to the action of gliotoxin 6
      aminonicotinamide (6-AN), which was applied onto the embryo chorioallantoic
      membrane during both early and late embryonic development. The effects of 6-AN on
      the cerebellum astroglial cells and microvessels were analysed under the light
      microscope by immunostaining for 3CB2 (chick-specific glial marker) and HT7
      (chick-specific marker of BBB-provided brain endothelia), under the electron
      microscope, as well as by the vascular permeability tracer horseradish
      peroxidase. The results, showing good suitability of the 6-AN model also when
      applied in early embryonic development, demonstrated a correlation between
      perivascular glia depletion and endothelial barrier impairment and suggested that
      astroglia play a role in the BBB prenatal differentiation.

PMID- 13680218
TI  - Prenatal development of the human mandible. 3D reconstructions, morphometry and
      bone remodelling pattern, sizes 12-117 mm CRL.
AB  - Human embryos and fetuses ( n=25) ranging from 12 to 117 mm CRL (crown-rump
      length) were serially sectioned and the mandibles were reconstructed in 3D. In
      addition, characteristic areas of apposition, resorption and resting zones were
      projected onto the surface of the mandibular reconstructions after histological
      evaluation of the remodeling processes. Furthermore, morphometric data were taken
      to describe growth processes in horizontal views. In this way the changing
      outlines as seen in 3D could be correlated with the remodeling patterns and with
      the changes in growth. In these stages the mandible showed a general appositional
      growth, but resorption areas were found at the posterior margins of the mental
      foramen and at the lateral and medial posterior bony planes at concave surfaces.
      The bulging of bone underneath and over Meckel's cartilage could be recognized as
      active appositional growth areas. Meckel's cartilage itself lay in a trough which
      could be characterized by less apposition and even resorption. Questions were
      raised in how much the gap between our present knowledge of genetic expression of
      signaling molecules and the precise morphologic description of the mandibles can
      be bridged.

PMID- 13680219
TI  - Cytokeratin profile and neuroendocrine cells in the glandular component of
      cardiac myxoma.
AB  - Glandular cardiac myxomas are very rare tumors of uncertain histogenesis that
      display glandular structures within otherwise typical myxomatous tissue. The
      origin of the glands has been attributed to epithelial differentiation of a
      totipotent cardiomyogenic precursor cell or to entrapped embryonal rests in the
      tumor. We studied four cases of glandular myxomas (three sporadic and one
      familial) to define the immunophenotypic profile of the glandular elements. The
      glands were either single and located within the myxoma cell islands (three
      cases) or in groups embedded in the myxomatous matrix. In the latter case, the
      glands featured villous projections, irregular profile, active inflammation or
      focal reactive cellular atypia (case 3) and had acidic and neutral mucins (mostly
      sialomucins). The cytokeratin expression profile (cytokeratin 7 and 20 co
      expression) was similar to that of foregut derivatives. Scattered chromogranin
      positive neuroendocrine cells were observed in case 3. Our findings indicate that
      the glandular component in cardiac myxoma is morphologically heterogeneous. In
      some cases, the scattered glands may derive from a divergent (epithelial)
      differentiation of myxoma cells; in others, entrapment of embryonic
      gastrointestinal rests (with mature neuroendocrine and mucous cell populations)
      could be the case.

PMID- 13680220
TI  - Central atypical papillomas of the breast: a clinicopathological study of 119
      cases.
AB  - The clinicopathological features of central intraductal papillomas of the breast
      presenting with florid usual ductal hyperplasia or atypical ductal hyperplasia
      (ADH) were analyzed in a retrospective series of 119 patients, whose lesions were
      sent to the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology from 1976 to 1990. After
      histological review considering predefined morphological and quantitative
      criteria, the 119 central papillomas were classified into 22 papillomas with
      florid usual ductal hyperplasia (18%), 40 papillomas with focal atypia (34%), 24
      atypical papillomas (20%) and 33 carcinomas arising in a papilloma (28%). After a
      median period of follow-up of 110 months, 16 recurrences (5 papillomas, 2
      carcinomas arising in a papilloma, 4 ductal carcinomas in situ, 5 invasive
      carcinomas) occurred. No statistically significant difference was observed in
      relation to recurrence for the various categories of papillomas. The presence of
      epithelial hyperplasia, ADH or lobular neoplasia in the surrounding breast as
      well as infarction of the papilloma were significant predictive factors of
      recurrence ( P=0.02 and P=0.005, respectively, log-rank test). The main reason
      for the observed low rate of significant recurrences in this series was that
      epithelial atypia (whether comprising 20% or 60% of the papillary lesion) was, in
      most of the cases, localized in a confined lesion that was completely excised.

PMID- 13680221
TI  - Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in chondroblastoma: immunohistochemical analysis
      with special emphasis on local inflammatory reaction.
AB  - To investigate the frequency and mechanism of the peritumoral inflammatory
      reaction in chondroblastoma, we evaluated the relationship between
      clinicoradiological findings and immunohistochemical expression of cyclooxygenase
      2 (COX-2) in excised tumors. Twenty-one cases of chondroblastoma were studied.
      Imaging analysis was performed with radiographs and T1- and T2-weighted magnetic
      resonance images in all cases and with computed tomography scan and bone
      scintigraphy in some cases. Immunohistochemical study for COX-2 was carried out
      using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. Periosteal reaction was observed
      in 6 cases (29%) and bone marrow edema in 15 cases (71%). Soft-tissue edema,
      joint effusion, and synovitis were found in 10 cases (48%), in 7 cases (33%), and
      in 9 cases (43%), respectively. Immunohistochemical expression of COX-2 in
      chondroblastoma cells was found in 15 of 21 cases (71%). The intensity of COX-2
      immunoreactivity was correlated statistically with the presence of periosteal
      reaction, bone-marrow edema, soft-tissue edema, and synovitis. Our results
      indicate that activation of eicosanoid synthesis by COX-2 expression in the tumor
      itself is probably an important factor, inducing peritumoral inflammatory changes
      in chondroblastomas.

PMID- 13680222
TI  - Expression of the high-mobility group protein HMGI(Y) in human trophoblast:
      potential role in trophoblast invasion of maternal tissue.
AB  - The high-mobility group protein HMGI(Y) is a member of a family of non-histone
      chromosomal proteins, which have been implicated in the regulation of inducible
      gene transcription, integration of retroviruses into chromosomes and induction of
      neoplastic transformation and metastatic progression in cancer cells. The human
      trophoblast is a tissue that shares proliferation capacity and invasiveness with
      neoplastic tissues, but in which these processes are tightly regulated. In the
      present study, we analyzed the expression of HMGI(Y) in the human placenta using
      immunohistochemistry. We found expression of HMGI(Y), with nuclear localization,
      in the villous cytotrophoblast (vCT), which is a highly proliferative cell type.
      In contrast, the majority of the nuclei of the villous syncytiotrophoblast, a
      terminally differentiated tissue, was negative. Interestingly, expression of
      HMGI(Y) was strongest in anchoring villi at the implantation site and in
      extravillous (intermediate) trophoblast (EVT) invading the maternal decidua. As
      vCT cells differentiate to become EVT, the HMGI(Y) protein appears to switch from
      a nuclear to a cytoplasmic localization. Expression of HMGI(Y) in isolated
      trophoblast populations in primary cell culture was also confirmed using Western
      blot analysis. This study shows for the first time expression and localization of
      HMGI(Y) in the subpopulations of placental tissue.

PMID- 13680223
TI  - Distinct expression patterns of the two T-box homologues Brachyury and Tbx2/3 in
      the placozoan Trichoplax adhaerens.
AB  - Trichoplax adhaerens is the only species known from the phylum Placozoa with one
      of the simplest metazoan body plans. In the small disc-like organism an upper and
      a lower epithelium can be distinguished with a less compact third cell layer in
      between. When Trichoplax was first described in 1883, the relation of these three
      cell layers with ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm of higher animals was discussed.
      Still, little is known about embryonic development of Trichoplax, however, genes
      thought to be specific for mesoderm in bilaterian animals turned out to be
      already present in non-bilaterians. Searching for a Brachyury homologue, two
      members of the T-box gene family were isolated from Trichoplax, Brachyury and a
      Tbx2/3 homologue. The T-box genes encode a transcription factor family
      characterized by the DNA-binding T-box domain. T-box genes have been found in all
      metazoans so far investigated, but in contrast to other transcription factors
      such as the homeobox family, T-box genes are not present in plants or fungi. The
      distinct expression patterns of two T-box genes in Trichoplax point to non
      redundant functions already present at the beginning of animal evolution. Since
      the expression patterns derived by in situ hybridization do not overlap with
      anatomical structures, it can be concluded that this simple animal has more than
      the four cell types described in the literature. This hidden complexity and the
      unresolved position in relation to Porifera, Cnidaria, Ctenophora and Bilateria
      highlight the necessity of the inclusion of Trichoplax in studies of comparative
      evolutionary and developmental biology.

PMID- 13680224
TI  - Evolution of the Drosophila broad locus: the Manduca sexta broad Z4 isoform has
      biological activity in Drosophila.
AB  - The Drosophila melanogaster broad locus is essential for normal metamorphic
      development. Broad encodes three genetically distinct functions (rbp, br, and
      2Bc) and a family of four zinc-finger DNA-binding proteins (Z1-Z4). The Z1, Z2,
      and Z3 protein isoforms are primarily associated with the rbp, br, and 2Bc
      genetic functions respectively. The Z4 protein isoform also provides some rbp
      genetic function, however an essential function for the Z4 isoform in
      metamorphosis has not been identified. To determine the degree of conservation of
      Z4 function between the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta and Drosophila we
      generated transgenic Drosophila expressing the Manduca broad Z4 isoform and used
      this transgene to rescue rbp mutant lethality during Drosophila metamorphosis. We
      find that the Manduca Z4 protein has significant biological activity in
      Drosophila with respect to rescue of rbp-associated lethality. There was also
      some overlap in effects on cuticle gene expression between the Manduca Z4 and
      Drosophila Z1 isoforms that was not shared with the Drosophila Z4 isoform. Our
      findings show that Z4 function has been conserved over the 260-million-year
      period since the divergence of Diptera and Lepidoptera, and are consistent with
      the hypothesis that the Drosophila Z4 and Manduca Z4 isoforms have essential
      roles in metamorphosis.

PMID- 13680225
TI  - Evolution of echinoderms may not have required modification of the ancestral
      deuterostome HOX gene cluster: first report of PG4 and PG5 Hox orthologues in
      echinoderms.
AB  - Is the extreme derivation of the echinoderm body plan reflected in a derived
      echinoderm Hox genotype? Building on previous work, we exploited the sequence
      conservation of the homeobox to isolate putative orthologues of several Hox genes
      from two asteroid echinoderms. The 5-peptide motif (LPNTK) diagnostic of PG4 Hox
      genes was identified immediately downstream of one of the partial homeodomains
      from Patiriella exigua. This constitutes the first unequivocal report of a PG4
      Hox gene orthologue from an echinoderm. Subsequent screenings identified genes of
      both PG4 and PG4/5 in Asterias rubens. Although in echinoids only a single gene
      (PG4/5) occupies these two contiguous cluster positions, we conclude that the
      ancestral echinoderm must have had the complete deuterostome suite of medial Hox
      genes, including orthologues of both PG4 and PG4/5 (=PG5). The reported absence
      of PG4 in the HOX cluster of echinoids is therefore a derived state, and the
      ancestral echinoderm probably had a HOX cluster not dissimilar to that of other
      deuterostomes. Modification of the ancestral deuterostome Hox genotype may not
      have been required for evolution of the highly derived echinoderm body plan.

PMID- 13680226
TI  - Molecular cloning and developmental expression of two Chloride Intracellular
      Channel (CLIC) genes in Xenopus laevis.
AB  - CLIC proteins are components or regulators of novel intracellular anion channels
      in mammalian cells, and previous studies have suggested that human nuclear
      membrane-associated CLIC1 and mouse inner mitochondrial membrane CLIC4 are
      involved in cell division and apoptosis. We have isolated Xenopus homologues of
      CLIC1 and CLIC4 and shown them to be well conserved during chordate evolution,
      but poorly conserved in invertebrates. Consistent with fundamental cellular
      roles, Xenopus CLIC genes are expressed at every stage of embryonic development.
      Expression is localised to mesodermal and ectodermal tissues, with particularly
      marked expression of xCLIC4 in the developing nervous system. This is the first
      description of non-mammalian CLIC expression, and use of Xenopus laevis as a
      model organism may provide insights into the role of CLIC-associated ion channels
      in animal development.

PMID- 13680227
TI  - A survey of genes differentially expressed during long-term heat-induced chilling
      tolerance in citrus fruit.
AB  - Long-term storage at low, non-freezing, temperature (1.5 degrees C) induces
      chilling injury in fruit of Fortune mandarin (Citrus clementina Hort. Ex Tanaka x
      Citrus reticulata, Blanco), manifested as pitting and brown depressed areas that
      may end up with local cell death. Pre-conditioning of fruit for 3 days at 37
      degrees C prevented chilling injury. The use of suppression subtractive
      hybridization permitted the isolation of genes differentially expressed in heat
      conditioned fruit exposed to chilling conditions, which may be candidates for
      heat-induced chilling tolerance. Northern blot analysis revealed that some genes
      were up-regulated by prolonged heat (3 days/37 degrees C) and their expression
      persisted in fruit cells upon subsequent chilling exposure. The expression of
      other genes was specifically induced by the combination of heat and cold. Among
      the putative tolerance-associated genes, we identified two transcription factors
      of the WRKY family and one TFIIB factor. Heat conditioning also altered the
      expression of genes encoding proteins involved in secondary metabolism, cell wall
      modification, oxidative damage and other stress-responsive proteins. These
      results illustrate the complexity of molecular mechanisms operating during heat
      induced chilling tolerance in citrus fruit.

PMID- 13680228
TI  - Two cassava promoters related to vascular expression and storage root formation.
AB  - Cassava ( Manihot esculenta Crantz) storage roots, organs accumulating large
      amounts of starch, develop from primary roots via secondary growth. The
      availability of promoters related to storage-root formation is a prerequisite for
      engineering root traits in cassava. Two cDNAs, c15 and c54, were identified from
      a storage-root cDNA library of cassava MCol1505 via differential screening. The
      transcripts of c15 and c54 were detected in storage roots but not in leaves by
      Northern analysis. Homology analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences showed
      that C15 is likely to be related to cytochrome P450 proteins, which are involved
      in the oxidative degradation of various compounds, while C54 may be related to
      Pt2L4, a cassava glutamic acid-rich protein. The promoter regions of c15 and c54
      were isolated from the corresponding clones in a cassava genomic library. A 1,465
      bp promoter fragment ( p15/1.5) of c15 and a 1,081-bp promoter region ( p54/1.0)
      of c54 were translationally fused to the uidA reporter gene, and introduced into
      cassava and Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. The expression patterns of
      p15/1.5::uidA and p54/1.0::uidA in transgenic plants showed that both promoters
      are predominantly active in phloem, cambium and xylem vessels of vascular tissues
      from leaves, stems, and root systems. More importantly, strong beta-glucuronidase
      activity was also detected in the starch-rich parenchyma cells of transgenic
      storage roots. Our results demonstrate that the two promoters are related to
      vascular expression and secondary growth of storage roots in cassava.

PMID- 13680229
TI  - Thioredoxin h overexpressed in barley seeds enhances selenite resistance and
      uptake during germination and early seedling development.
AB  - The uptake, distribution and metabolism of selenite were examined in germinating
      homozygous barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) grain with thioredoxin h overexpressed in
      starchy endosperm. Results were related to the null segregant in which the
      transgene had segregated out during crossing. Compared with the null segregant,
      the homozygote showed enhanced germination and root and shoot growth in the
      presence of 1 and 2 mM sodium selenite. The rate of incorporation of selenite by
      the homozygote was approximately twice that of the null segregant. Based on X-ray
      absorption spectroscopy, the major products in both cases were selenomethionine
      like species and the red, monoclinic form of elemental selenium, a derivative not
      previously reported in green plants. Selenite and selenate made up the balance.
      The distribution of the products formed differed as to the tissue - root, shoot,
      aleurone, endosperm - but the ratios were similar in the homozygote and null
      segregant. The results provide evidence that, in addition to the accelerated
      germination observed previously in water, barley grain overexpressing thioredoxin
      h are resistant to the inhibitory effects of selenite. These properties raise the
      possibility that plants overexpressing thioredoxin h could find application in
      the remediation of polluted environments.

PMID- 13680230
TI  - Changes in gravitational forces induce modifications of gene expression in A.
      thaliana seedlings.
AB  - By comparing the expression patterns of selected genes from Arabidopsis thaliana
      (L.) Heynh. grown either at 1 g or on a clinostat (horizontally or vertically
      inverted, 1 rpm), and either used directly or after hypergravity stimulation, we
      have shown that the pattern of expression did not proceed in a stereotypical
      manner. Rather, the selected genes fell into different classes. These classes
      include (i) those insensitive to the gravitational conditions, (ii) those that
      are regulated in an opposite manner by hypergravity and clinostat conditions,
      (iii) those that are desensitised to hypergravity by long-term culture on a
      clinostat, and (iv) those enhanced by such a treatment. Our data suggest that
      rapid reorientation of gene expression is likely to occur in response to changes
      in the gravitational conditions.

PMID- 13680231
TI  - The dibenzodioxocin lignin substructure is abundant in the inner part of the
      secondary wall in Norway spruce and silver birch xylem.
AB  - A specific condensed lignin substructure, dibenzodioxocin, was immunolocalized in
      differentiating cell walls of Norway spruce ( Picea abies (L.) H. Karsten) and
      silver birch ( Betula pendula Roth) xylem. A fluorescent probe, Alexa 488 was
      used as a marker on the dibenzodioxocin-specific secondary antibody. For the
      detection of this lignin substructure, 25-microm cross-sections of xylem were
      viewed with a confocal laser-scanning microscope with fluorescein isothiocyanate
      fluorescence filters. In mature cells, fluorescence was detected in the S3 layer
      of the secondary wall in both tree species, but it was more intense in Norway
      spruce than in silver birch. In silver birch most of the signal was detected in
      vessel walls and less in fiber cell walls. In very young tracheids of Norway
      spruce and vessels and fibers of silver birch, where secondary cell wall layers
      were not yet formed, the presence of the dibenzodioxocin structure could not be
      shown.

PMID- 13680232
TI  - Induction of transcripts encoding a novel seven-transmembrane protein during the
      hypersensitive response to tobacco mosaic virus infection in tobacco plants.
AB  - Immediate early responsive genes were screened by the differential display method
      during the hypersensitive response upon tobacco mosaic virus infection of tobacco
      ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants carrying the N gene. Three hours after temperature
      shift from 30 degrees C to 20 degrees C, an increase in transcripts of a
      particular clone was observed. The cDNA encoded a polypeptide of 330 amino acids,
      whose topology indicated it to be a seven-transmembrane protein, designated as
      Nt7TM1. This was confirmed by direct observation of cultured tobacco cells
      expressing an Nt7TM1-green fluorescent protein fusion protein, which migrated
      exclusively to the plasma membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum. RNA blot
      hybridization analysis indicated that Nt7TM1 transcripts were not induced by
      salicylic or jasmonic acids, ethylene or hydrogen peroxide. The results suggested
      the presence of a unique system for pathogen response involving a novel seven
      transmembrane protein.

PMID- 13680233
TI  - Slowing effects of Mg2+ on contractile kinetics of skinned preparations of rat
      hearts depending on myosin heavy chain isoform content.
AB  - The effects of changes in Mg2+ concentration on the kinetics of stretch
      activation were investigated on skinned rat heart preparations under maximal Ca2+
      activation. Muscle strips of hyper- and hypothyroid rat hearts were investigated
      at 0.5 and 1 mM free Mg2+; the total ATP concentration was 8 mM which resulted in
      saturating MgATP2- concentrations above 5 mM. Preparations containing exclusively
      the cardiac alpha-myosin heavy chain (hyper- and hypothyroid atria, hyperthyroid
      ventricles) showed an acceleration of the kinetics of stretch activation by a
      factor of about 1.5 (P<0.01, paired t-test) when free Mg2+ was decreased from 1
      to 0.5 mM. Conversely, preparations containing exclusively the beta-myosin heavy
      chain isoform showed only a small acceleration by a factor of 1.05 (P<0.05,
      paired t-test) under the same conditions. The fact that the Mg2+ sensitivity was
      dependent on the myosin heavy chain isoform excludes the possibility that Mg2+
      exhibits only unspecific effects on contractile proteins. Several hypotheses for
      explaining the observed Mg2+ effects are discussed. The conditions used in our
      experiments might be close to the physiological situation and, thus, changes of
      Mg2+ concentration must be considered as possible factors modulating the
      contractile kinetics especially of atrial muscle tissue.

PMID- 13680234
TI  - Muscle reconstruction in reconstructive surgery: soft tissue repair and long bone
      reconstruction.
AB  - BACKGROUND: We report a series of reconstructions of long bone defects in 35
      patients. Bone defects ranged from 5.0 to 25.0 cm. METHOD: Reconstruction was
      performed in two stages. The first stage was the insertion into the defect of a
      cement spacer, which was responsible for the formation of a pseudosynovial
      membrane. A soft tissue repair employing a flap was done in the same operating
      time in 28 cases. The second stage was the reconstruction of the bone defect by a
      large, fresh, autologous cancellous bone graft. RESULTS: The membrane induced by
      the spacer prevents the resorption of the graft and favours its revascularisation
      and its corticalisation. Experimental study has also shown that the membrane
      plays the role of an "in situ growth-factors delivery system". CONCLUSION: In
      weight-bearing diaphyseal segments normal walking was possible at 8.5 months on
      average.

PMID- 13680235
TI  - Does partial weight bearing unload a healing bone in external ring fixation?
AB  - BACKGROUND: Partial weight bearing is thought to unload and protect the healing
      bone. Until now, there has been no objective method of assessing the amount of
      weight placed on the healing zone by the patient. The goal of this study was to
      determine the effects of partial weight bearing on the loading of the healing
      bone in tibial osteotomies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six patients with complex
      tibial osteotomies, stabilized with Ilizarov ring fixator constructs, took part
      in this study. Three-dimensional interfragmentary movements were measured with
      reflective markers that were attached to the Schanz screws of the fixator.
      Patients were asked to rest, to co-contract the musculi gastrocnemii, to stand
      up, to walk slowly and to load partially the affected limb with 20 kg of weight.
      RESULTS: Compared with co-contraction, ground reaction forces of partial weight
      bearing, standing up and walking were significantly increased (P<0.05). The
      interfragmentary movements during partial weight bearing were, however,
      comparable in partial weight bearing, standing up and walking (P>>0.05).
      CONCLUSIONS: Partial weight bearing did not unload the defect zone. No direct
      relationship between interfragmentary movement magnitudes and ground reaction
      forces was identified. Therefore, the concept of partial weight bearing cannot
      reliably reduce loading of a healing zone. It may, however, help to prevent
      patients from undergoing critical situations, such as stumbling, by increasing
      their general awareness.

PMID- 13680236
TI  - The fracture gap size influences the local vascularization and tissue
      differentiation in callus healing.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Revascularization of a fracture depends on fracture stability and
      fracture gap conditions. The aim of the study was to determine quantitatively the
      revascularization and tissue differentiation in an animal model with different
      fracture gaps and controlled biomechanical conditions. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The
      study was performed on ten sheep with an osteotomy on the right metatarsal. The
      fracture was stabilized by an external fixator that allowed adjustable axial
      interfragmentary movement. Two groups of five sheep each were adjusted to a
      medium sized gap (M, 2.1 mm) and a large gap (L, 5.7 mm) under comparable
      interfragmentary strain (30-32%). The animals were killed after 9 weeks, and the
      metatarsals were prepared for undecalcified histology and analysis of tissue
      differentiation and vessel distribution. RESULTS: Group M showed significantly
      more revascularization (M=1.62, L=0.85 vessels/mm2), more bone formation
      (M=37.2%, L=13.9%) and less fibrocartilage tissue (M=18.1%, L=39.1%) than group
      L. Larger vessels (>40 microm) were found mainly in the medullary channel, and
      smaller vessels (<20 microm) mainly in the peripheral callus. Histologically,
      group M showed partial bony bridging of the osteotomy gap, and the group L had
      delayed healing. CONCLUSION: A good reduction of a fracture with small
      interfragmentary gaps is important for its revascularization and healing.

PMID- 13680237
TI  - Influence of haemorrhagic shock on fracture healing.
AB  - BACKGROUND: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of haemorrhagic
      shock on the outcome of fracture healing. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-two male
      Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group and a shock group. After
      producing a tibia fracture we induced shock by creating a blood loss of 12 ml/kg
      body weight. The rats were isovolumetrically resuscitated with a colloid volume
      solution. Blood flow was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry. Mechanical
      properties were tested by three-point bending after 4 weeks. RESULTS: The blood
      flow of the shock group was characterised by no reduction in the distal region
      and in the soft tissue in the first 24 h, while the flow in the control group was
      reduced to 39% of the pre-fracture level. Biomechanical testing showed a better
      fracture healing outcome for the shock group than for the control group in
      failure load (31/11 N; P=0.06) and flexural rigidity (22,7/4,7 Nmm2; P=0.07).
      CONCLUSIONS: In the shock group the restoration of vascularity in the distal
      region and in the soft tissue in the early healing stages, provoked by the
      isovolumic resuscitation, led to enhanced fracture healing. In addition, the
      results indicate that a fast blood supply may generate an improved initial
      healing process that results in an increased mechanical outcome of bone healing.
      In general, our findings underline the close interrelation between blood supply
      and successful fracture healing.

PMID- 13680238
TI  - The influence of alignment on the musculo-skeletal loading conditions at the
      knee.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND AIM: High tibial osteotomies attempt to recreate physiologically
      normal joint loading. Previous studies have discussed the influence of mal
      alignment on the distribution of static loads to the medial and lateral
      compartments of the knee. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of
      mal-alignment on the tibio-femoral loading conditions during dynamic activities.
      MATERIAL AND METHODS: Using a musculo-skeletal model of the lower limb, which had
      been previously validated with in vivo data, in this study we modified the
      alignment of the knee in four patients, from a normal position to the extremes of
      8 degrees valgus and 10 degrees varus mal-alignment. The resulting tibio-femoral
      joint contact forces were examined while patients were walking and stair
      climbing. RESULTS: Varying the mal-alignment resulted in a highly individual
      response in joint loads. Deviations from the normal alignment produced an
      increase in loading, with valgus generating a more rapid increase in loading than
      a varus deformity of the same amount. Varus deformities of 10 degrees resulted in
      increases in peak contact force from an average of 3.3-times bodyweight (BW) up
      to a peak of 7.4 BW (+45% to +114%) while patients were walking, whilst increases
      of 15% up to 35% were determined for stair climbing. Increases of up to 140% were
      calculated at 8 degrees valgus during walking and up to 53% for stair climbing.
      CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated a clear dependence of the individual joint
      loads on axial knee alignment. Based on the sensitivity of joint loading to
      valgus mal-alignment, more than 3 degrees of over-correction of a varus deformity
      to valgus should be carefully reconsidered.

PMID- 13680239
TI  - Sensitivity and reproducibility of accelerometry and heart rate in physical
      strain assessment during prosthetic gait.
AB  - Accelerometry and heart rate (HR) are frequently used indicators of physical
      strain during normal daily life. The present study focused on the sensitivity and
      reproducibility of accelerometry (body motility, the intensity of body movement
      measured with accelerometry) and HR (percentage maximal heart rate reserve,
      %HRR(max)) in the assessment of physical strain during walking in persons with a
      lower leg amputation, using persons without an amputation as reference. Ten
      patients with an amputation of the leg and ten comparison subjects performed, at
      an interval of 1 month, the same walking protocol three times. Subjects walked at
      a preferred speed and at fixed speeds. At their preferred walking speed, speed
      (0.63 vs 1.31 m s(-1), P=0.001), body motility [0.53 vs 0.91 (arbitrary unit),
      P=0.001] and %HRR(max) (42.5 vs 27.6, P=0.02) differed between the amputation
      group and the comparison group. At fixed walking speeds, only %HRR(max) differed
      between groups ( P</=0.002) and showed a session effect ( P=0.02). The
      relationship between body motility and %HRR(max) in the patient group was
      significantly different from that in the comparison group. It can be concluded
      that accelerometry is strongly related with walking speed, but not sensitive to
      differences and changes in economy, contrary to %HRR(max). The use of
      accelerometry as an indicator of the level of physical strain in persons with an
      amputation is not feasible. The added value of a calibration procedure has to be
      studied.

PMID- 13680241
TI  - Heart rate variability and autonomic activity at rest and during exercise in
      various physiological conditions.
AB  - The rhythmic components of heart rate variability (HRV) can be separated and
      quantitatively assessed by means of power spectral analysis. The powers of high
      frequency (HF) and low frequency (LF) components of HRV have been shown to
      estimate cardiac vagal and sympathetic activities. The reliability of these
      spectral indices, as well as that of LF/HF ratio as a marker of autonomic
      interaction at rest and during exercise, is briefly reviewed. Modifications in
      autonomic activities induced by different physiological conditions, e.g. hypoxia
      exposure, training, and water immersion, have been found in HRV power spectra at
      rest. The changes in HF and LF powers and in LF/HF ratio observed during exercise
      have been shown not to reflect the decrease in vagal activity and the activation
      of sympathetic system occurring at increasing loads. HF peak was recognised in
      power spectra in the entire range of relative intensity, being responsible for
      the most part of HR variability at maximal load. LF power did not change during
      low intensity exercise and decreased to negligible values at medium-high
      intensity, where sympathetic activity was enhanced. There was no influence from
      factors such as fitness level, age, hypoxia, and blood distribution. In contrast,
      a dramatic effect of body position has been suggested by the observation that LF
      power increased at medium-high intensities when exercising in the supine
      position. The increased respiratory activity due to exercise would be responsible
      of HF modulation of HR via a direct mechanical effect. The changes in LF power
      observed at medium-high intensity might be the expression of the modifications in
      arterial pressure control mechanisms occurring with exercise. The finding of
      opposite trends for LF rhythm in supine and sitting exercises suggests that
      different readjustments might have occurred in relation to different muscular
      inputs in the two positions.

PMID- 13680240
TI  - Exercise after heart transplantation.
AB  - Exercise intolerance in heart transplant recipients (HTR) has a multifactorial
      origin, involving complex interactions among cardiac, neurohormonal, vascular,
      skeletal muscle and pulmonary abnormalities. However, the role of these
      abnormalities may differ as a function of time after transplantation and of many
      other variables. The present review is aimed at evaluating the role of cardiac,
      pulmonary and muscular factors in limiting maximal aerobic performance of HTR,
      and the benefits of chronic exercise. Whereas pulmonary function does not seem to
      affect gas exchange until a critical value of diffusing lung capacity is
      attained, cardiac and skeletal muscle function deterioration may represent
      relevant factors limiting maximal and submaximal aerobic performance. Cardiac
      function is mainly limited by chronotropic incompetence and diastolic
      dysfunction, whereas muscle activity seems to be limited by impaired oxygen
      supply as a consequence of the reduced capillary network. The latter may be due
      to either immunosuppressive regimen or deconditioning. Endurance and strength
      training may greatly improve muscle function and maximal aerobic performance of
      HTR, and may also reduce side effects of immunosuppressive therapy and control
      risk factors for cardiac allograft vasculopathy. For the above reasons exercise
      should be considered an important therapeutic tool in the long-term treatment of
      heart transplant recipients.

PMID- 13680242
TI  - Effects of 17-day spaceflight on electrically evoked torque and cross-sectional
      area of the human triceps surae.
AB  - The effects of spaceflight on triceps surae muscle torque and cross-sectional
      area (CSA) were investigated on four astronauts using electrically evoked
      contractions to by-pass neural control. Muscle twitch characteristics, ankle
      joint angle-twitch torque relation, frequency-torque relation, tetanic torque and
      fatigability were assessed before, during and after a 17-day Space Shuttle flight
      (STS-78). Muscle plus bone cross-sectional area (CSAm+b) was evaluated before and
      after the flight. Whereas no changes in muscle function were observed during the
      flight, marked alterations were found during the recovery period. Peak twitch
      (PTw) and tetanic torques at 50 Hz (PT50) continued to fall up to the 8th
      recovery day (R+8) on which losses in PTw and PT50 were 24.4% (P<0.01) and 22.0%
      (P<0.01), respectively. The decline in PTw was not joint-angle-specific. Post
      flight, especially on R+8, torque decreased at all stimulation frequencies (1,
      20, 30 and 50 Hz); however the shape of the frequency-torque curve, normalised
      for PT50, was not modified. Similarly, no changes in twitch kinetics were
      observed. Post- flight, an 8% (P<0.01) reduction in CSAm+b was found on R+2.
      Normalisation of PT50 values for CSAm+b showed a progressive loss in specific
      torque (PT50/CSAm+b), which was maximal on R+2 (19.5%, P<0.05). Also,
      fatigability during 2-min intermittent stimulation at 20 Hz increased throughout
      recovery, reaching a nadir of 16.4% (P<0.01) on R+15. In conclusion, 17 days of
      spaceflight resulted in significant changes in muscle function during the
      recovery phase, but not in microgravity. The disproportionate loss of torque
      compared with that of muscle size suggests the presence of muscle damage due to
      reloading in 1 g.

PMID- 13680243
TI  - N-nitrosodiethanolamine urinary excretion in workers exposed to aqueous
      metalworking fluids.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: This work was intended to clarify the extent of exposure of workers
      occupationally exposed to N-nitrosodiethanolamine (NDELA), a carcinogenic
      nitrosamine, while working with aqueous metalworking fluids (MWFs) formulated
      with ("nitrite-formulated") or without ("nitrite-free") nitrite and to study the
      relationships between the nitrite and NDELA content of the MWFs as well as
      between the concentration of NDELA in MWFs and in urine. METHOD: Pre-shift and
      post-shift urine samples from 100 workers directly exposed to MWFs in 15
      factories were analysed for NDELA with chemiluminescent detection (TEA) according
      to a previously described analytical procedure. The method was also applied to
      eight indirectly exposed workers and to 48 unexposed subjects. The NDELA and
      concentrations in 84 fluids used by the workers were also determined. RESULTS: No
      detectable NDELA could be observed in the control group. The mean post-shift
      NDELA excretion in workers exposed to "nitrite-formulated" and "nitrite-free"
      MWFs were 44.6 and 0.4 microg/l, with maxima of 277 and 2.7 microg/l,
      respectively. According to the correlation between the nitrite and NDELA
      concentrations in "nitrite-free" MWFs, there is a low probability of fluids
      exceeding 5 mg/l NDELA when the nitrite content does not exceed 20 mg/l. The
      NDELA concentrations in the fluids and urine were found to be highly correlated,
      particularly after correction for creatinine (r=0.917 in post-shift samples).
      Cutaneous contact probably contributes, at least in part, to the overall body
      uptake of NDELA: CONCLUSION: Due to clear evidence of urinary NDELA excretion in
      workers exposed to contaminated MWFs, and despite a lack of knowledge of the
      human risk following NDELA exposure, levels of NDELA in MWFs should be kept as
      low as possible. NDELA fluid concentrations of less than 1 mg/l must be
      considered as the objective to be attained, even if the limit of 5 mg/l is
      temporarily satisfactory and consistent with a nitrite limit of 20 mg/l that is
      easy to verify with inexpensive colorimetric tests. "Nitrite-formulated" fluids,
      still sometimes used, should be prohibited. Meanwhile, the material safety data
      sheets (MSDS) of commercially available products should be clearly labelled to
      indicate their nitrite content.

PMID- 13680247
TI  - Fibroblast growth factor-2 protects endothelial cells from damage after corneal
      storage at 4 degrees C.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Since the introduction of cold corneoscleral segment storage prior to
      keratoplasty there have been continuous efforts to ameliorate the preservation
      media in order to better maintain the quality of the corneal epi- and
      endothelium. Recent studies have shown that basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF
      2) preserves the viability of, for example, retinal ganglion cells and pigment
      epithelium cells. Therefore, we investigated the effect of different
      concentrations of FGF-2 added to a modified Optisol storage medium on endothelial
      damage after corneal storage at 4 degrees C. METHODS: . Bovine corneas were
      stored at 4 degrees C for 14 days and for another 24 h at 34 degrees C. Various
      FGF-2 concentrations (4, 20 and 40 ng/ml) were added to the medium either at day
      (D) 1, D14, or both D1 and D14. Quantitative evaluation of corneal damage after
      14+1 days of storage was conducted by means of the Janus green photometry assay.
      Histological and ultrastructural investigations of the preserved endothelium were
      also performed. Bovine cell culture experiments using the TUNEL assay aimed to
      elucidate the role of FGF-2 on prevention of endothelial apoptosis. RESULTS: The
      mean endothelial damage in control corneas increased from 4.9 +/- 1.8% (fresh
      corneas) to 13.4 +/- 2.4% after 14+1 days of storage. FGF-2 at 20 ng/ml or 40
      ng/ml added at any of the indicated time points significantly reduced the overall
      endothelial damage by 5.1-7.3%, corresponding to 38-54% less endothelial damage
      than in control corneas (P<0.001). Light- and electron microscopic investigations
      confirmed this protective effect of FGF-2 on corneal endothelial cells. The TUNEL
      assay revealed a true anti-apoptotic effect of FGF-2 on endothelial cells in
      culture. CONCLUSION: Our study clearly demonstrates the effectiveness of FGF-2 to
      enhance cell survival of the corneal endothelium after storage at 4 degrees C. A
      clinical interest could be seen in the potential future application of FGF-2 as
      an adjuvant to corneal preservation media in order to better maintain endothelial
      viability during corneal storage.

PMID- 13680248
TI  - Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in patients with neovascular age-related
      macular degeneration. Results from the Radiation Therapy for Age-Related Macular
      Degeneration (RAD-) Study.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Patients with advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD) suffer
      not only from impairment in central visual acuity (VA), but also from reduction
      in contrast sensitivity (CS). We examined VA and CS changes over time in patients
      with subfoveal choroidal neovascularizations (CNV) as well as the correlation
      between the two parameters. METHODS: VA was determined according to a
      standardized protocol with the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy (ETDRS)
      chart. CS was measured with Pelli-Robson charts. The angiographic characteristics
      of CNV and the presence of CNV in the fellow eye as well as gender and age were
      evaluated as possible prognostic factors of VA and CS progression. Two hundred
      and five patients with neovascular AMD were recruited within the Radiation
      Therapy for Age-Related Macular Degeneration (RAD) Study and were reviewed over 2
      years. The treatment and control groups showed no significant difference for VA
      or for CS ( P>0.05), and both groups were considered together. RESULTS: At
      baseline, mean VA was 55.6+/-14.5 SD letters (EDTRS chart), and mean CS was
      22.8+/-6.9 letters (Pelli-Robson chart). Spearman Correlation Coefficient ( r(s))
      between VA and CS was r(s)=0.60, P=0.0001. Over 2 years the mean VA loss was
      23.6+/-21.4 letters and mean CS reduction was 9.0+/-9.7 letters. Agreement
      between change of VA and change of CS was moderate ( r(s)=0.65, P=0.0001; kappa
      coefficient (grouped into VA loss < or =15, >15, >30 letters; CS loss < or =6,
      >6, >15 letters) kappa=0.43, 95% CI [0.32;0.54]). Proportional hazard models did
      not show any apparent influence of type of CNV, or CNV in the fellow eye, on
      change in VA and CS. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that VA and CS do not
      always show the same progression in visual function loss although they show a
      moderate correlation in eyes with neovascular AMD. Both parameters provide
      important information about visual disability and should be evaluated as outcome
      in interventional studies.

PMID- 13680249
TI  - Interactions of perfluorocarbon liquids and silicone oil as characterized by mass
      spectrometry.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Perfluorocarbon liquids (PFCL) are used extensively in complex
      vitreoretinal surgery, sometimes before the placement of silicone oil (SiO). We
      suspected that PFCL and SiO interact physically when in opposition, potentially
      making their removal more difficult. The nature of some of these interactions was
      explored using a mass spectrometric approach in in-vitro and in-vivo samples.
      METHODS: We incubated silicone oil (1,000 or 5,000 centistokes viscosity) and
      PFCL [perfluoro-n-octane (PFO) or perfluorotributylamine] together in vitro for 6
      months and performed electron impact ionization mass spectrometry (EIMS) on the
      PFCL to characterize interactions between the liquid phases. Packaged samples of
      PFCL served as controls. We also examined in vivo samples of PFO which had been
      retained in human eyes for several months prior to surgical removal. RESULTS:
      Perfluorocarbon liquids packaged for surgical use all contain SiO in trace
      amounts, possibly as a manifestation of the processes used in their manufacture.
      Furthermore, all PFCLs incubated with SiO showed much more prominent
      contamination with SiO molecular fragments. PFCL was found in the SiO phase of
      eyes in which both liquids were present for extended periods of time. The EIMS
      analysis of in vivo samples suggested that proteins coat PFCL droplets, forming
      micelle-like structures. CONCLUSION: Medical-grade PFCLs contain small amounts of
      SiO, and PFCLs dissolve small amounts of oil into solution over time.
      Interactions between retained vitreous substitutes may have clinical relevance.

PMID- 13680250
TI  - Ciliary body toxicity of cyclosporin A and octreotide acetate in rabbit eyes: a
      comparison with mitomycin C and 5-fluorouracil.
AB  - PURPOSE: To compare the toxicities of cyclosporin A, octreotide acetate,
      mitomycin C and 5-fluorouracil to the ciliary body. METHOD: We applied sponges
      soaked in these compounds to the open scleras of rabbit eyes. Histopathological
      specimens were obtained from the operation site and at 180 degrees from it on the
      14th day after surgery. RESULTS: Mean ciliary epithelial thickness in the study
      groups was as follows: 12.29 +/- 2.69 microm in group 1 (mitomycin C), 13.85 +/-
      4.56 microm in group 2 (5-fluorouracil), 17.71 +/- 3.09 microm in group 3
      (cyclosporin A), 11.64 +/- 2.92 microm in group 4 (octreotide acetate), 11.92 +/-
      2.89 microm in group 5 (topically applied octreotide acetate) and 21.85 +/- 4.29
      microm in group 6 (control). The ciliary epithelial thickness in groups 1, 2, 4
      and 5 was statistically different from that in the control group. Intracellular
      vacuolisation and degenerative changes of the non-pigmented epithelium, and
      pigment loss of the pigmented epithelium, were found mostly in group 1 and
      moderately in group 2 and 3. CONCLUSION: Octreotide acetate and cyclosporin A are
      less toxic alternatives to mitomycin C and 5-fluorouracil in glaucoma filtration
      surgery.

PMID- 13680251
TI  - Nerve growth factor (NGF) and lenses: effects of NGF in an in vitro rat model of
      cataract.
AB  - BACKGROUND: The aims of this study are to investigate the presence and production
      of nerve growth factor (NGF) in the rat lens in basal conditions and to evaluate,
      in vitro, the role of NGF in a model of xylose-induced cataract. METHODS: Rat
      lenses were dissected and the expression of NGF, NGF mRNA and high-affinity NGF
      receptor (TrkA) was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, immunoenzymatic assay
      (ELISA) and in-situ hybridization (ISH) techniques. To investigate the role of
      NGF in cataract formation we used an in vitro model of sugar-induced cataract by
      culturing rat lenses for 48 h in Eagle's minimum essential medium (MEM)
      supplemented with xylose. To evaluate the potential protective effect of NGF on
      xylose-induced cataract formation, exogenous NGF at different concentrations or
      antibodies neutralizing endogenous NGF (NGF-Ab) or aspecific antibodies were
      added to xylose-cultured lenses, and the following cataract-related parameters
      were evaluated and compared to xylose-treated lenses. Cataract formation was
      evaluated using three different parameters: staging of the cataract by lens
      photography, quantification of lens transparency in terms of gray level medium
      (GLM) and evaluation of the hydration percentage (H%) of the lens. To investigate
      the role of endogenous NGF in cataract onset, NGF levels were evaluated and
      compared in lenses cultured in xylose supplemented medium versus lenses cultured
      in control culture medium. RESULTS: The epithelium from fresh rat lenses
      expresses NGF-receptor, NGF protein and NGF-mRNA. NGF levels in fresh lens were
      54.0 +/- 24.5 pg/g as quantified by ELISA. Xylose-cultured lenses develop
      cataract changes, including a decrease of GLM and an increase in hydration
      percentage, associated with a decrease in NGF levels when compared to lenses
      cultured in the control culture medium. The addition of NGF to xylose-cultured
      lenses reduces cataract formation, increasing GLM and decreasing the hydration
      percentage as compared to xylose-treated lenses. On the other hand, the addition
      of NGF-Ab induces an increase in cataract formation and lens hydration.
      CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that rat lens epithelium expresses and
      synthesizes NGF. Moreover, immunohistochemistry shows that lens epithelial cells
      also express the NGF receptor. Although the functional significance of TrkA on
      lens epithelium is at present not clear, the expression of NGF and its high
      affinity receptor on the same cells together with our experimental results
      suggest that NGF is involved in supporting trophism and/or the function of the
      lens epithelium.

PMID- 13680252
TI  - Vitrectomy and trabeculectomy combined with interferon alpha treatment in
      Adamantiades-Behcet's disease: a case report.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Adamantiades-Behcet's disease is a multisystem disorder with
      recurrent oral and/or genital ulcerations, skin lesions, and ocular involvement.
      Eye involvement is a common manifestation that affects the patients' quality of
      life more than any other. Left untreated, it leads to blindness and often to loss
      of the eye through secondary complications such as phthisis or painful glaucoma.
      METHODS: Case report of a 24-year-old patient of Turkish descent living in
      Germany since his birth was admitted to our Department of Ophthalmology in 1999
      because of visual loss in his right eye. He could only perceive light in that eye
      and evidenced total retinal detachment. In the left eye he had 20/20 vision but
      showed signs of retinal vascular inflammation and secondary glaucoma. RESULTS:
      Treatment with interferon alpha (9x10(6) I.U./3x week s.c.) and prednisolone (100
      mg/d p.o.) led to complete regression of the acute inflammation within 2 weeks
      prior to operation. Vitrectomy was then successfully performed in the right eye
      under the therapy of interferon alpha (9x10(6) I.U./3x week s.c.) and 10 mg
      prednisolone p.o. The prednisolone therapy was stopped 1 week following
      operation. The failure of conservative glaucoma treatment necessitated
      trabeculectomy in the left eye. The patient has had no further recurrence for 4
      years under monotherapy with interferon alpha (3x10(6) I.U./3x week s.c.).
      CONCLUSION: Interferon alpha is a potent therapy for Adamantiades-Behcet's
      disease with ocular involvement. It also provides a basis for safe and reliable
      surgical interventions. There was no intra- or perioperative recurrence of
      inflammation, which is a common finding in these procedures.

PMID- 13680253
TI  - Fracture properties of the human mandible.
AB  - A total of seven human mandibles were struck to breaking point under standardised
      conditions using a pendulum. The cortical deformation for two impact directions
      was measured with strain gauge strips located at eight defined sites. Fronto
      median impacts led to mostly bilateral and always multiple fractures in the
      posterior area of the bone, especially in the collum and the condyle. The
      fracture threshold was between 2.5 and 3.1 kN. Lateral impact caused fractures
      near the impact area as direct fractures of the ipsilateral corpus. Mainly single
      and double fractures were observed. For lateral impact the fracture threshold was
      between 0.6 and 0.8 kN.

PMID- 13680258
TI  - Changes in osteoclasts after irradiation with carbon ion particles.
AB  - We examined the effects of radiation on decreases in osteoclast numbers after
      regional irradiation of rats with carbon ions and gamma rays. Male Wistar rats
      were subjected to hind-leg irradiation with carbon ions (290 MeV/u) or gamma rays
      at doses of 15, 22.5, or 30 Gy. The effects of carbon ions and gamma rays on
      osteoclasts were studied using histologic and morphometric methods. At doses of
      15 Gy and 22.5 Gy, osteoclast numbers increased transiently until day 5 after
      irradiation and then decreased rapidly in both the carbon ion and gamma ray
      irradiation groups. The carbon ion group showed reduced osteoclast size compared
      with the gamma ray group. Carbon ion irradiation had a more marked effect on
      osteoclast activity, and suppressed maturation to a greater extent than gamma
      irradiation. These observations suggest that carbon ion irradiation induces
      differential modulation of osteoclast growth factor expression.

PMID- 13680259
TI  - Gamma-radiation dose-rate effects on DNA damage and toxicity in bacterial cells.
AB  - In order to investigate the relationship between radiation dose-rate and
      bacterial DNA damage as well as general cellular toxicity, two recombinant
      Escherichia coli strains, DPD2794 and GC2 were used. Following gamma-ray
      irradiation, these bioluminescent bacteria showed quantitative stress responses
      in terms of DNA damage and general toxicity depending on the dose rates of energy
      deposition, i.e. dose-rate of radiation. In addition, an inverse relationship was
      found, at lower dose rates between 0.5 and 1 Gy/h and a parabolic relationship at
      dose rates between 0.5 and 2.6 Gy/h.

PMID- 13680260
TI  - Reversible cochleo-vestibular deficits in two cases of jugular foramen tumor
      after surgery.
AB  - Primary jugular foramen (JF) tumor, such as glomus jugular tumor or JF
      schwannoma, may manifest as a lower cranial nerve deficit; in addition, it can be
      accompanied by deafness or vertigo if it affects the cranial nerve (CN) VIII.
      Recently, we encountered JF schwannoma 1 and glomus jugulare tumor 1. Both cases
      invaded the adjacent cerebellopontine angle, leading to cochleo-vestibular
      deficits prior to the operation. After surgery, recovery of the audiovestibular
      function, including hearing, auditory brainstem response and caloric response,
      was anticipated in both patients. Therefore, cochleo-vestibular deficits in JF
      tumors can be attributed to compression neuropathy, rather than tumor
      infiltration.

PMID- 13680261
TI  - The role of 70-degree telescopic examination during direct laryngoscopic
      evaluation of laryngeal cancers.
AB  - Endoscopy has currently been an indispensable method in many areas of
      otorhinolaryngology, especially in paranasal sinus surgery. Telescopic evaluation
      of the larynx has not drawn much attention. In this study, a 70-degree angled
      rigid telescope was used along with computerized tomography (CT), indirect and
      direct laryngoscopy in the evaluation of laryngeal cancer. The critical areas
      such as the anterior commissure, subglottic region and ventricles were
      investigated specifically. Nineteen patients were collected in the study. We
      found the sensitivity for indirect laryngoscopy to be 20-25% and for direct
      laryngoscopy to be 50-70%. The scores for CT and 70-degree telescopy were 70
      100%. In the subglottic region telescopy was superior to CT. We believe that,
      when it is used in association with CT, telescopy provides better insight when
      deciding between partial or total laryngectomy and a healthier evaluation of the
      resection margin.

PMID- 13680262
TI  - Extent of surgical intervention in case of N0 neck in head and neck cancer
      patients: an analysis of data collection of 39 hospitals.
AB  - In the discussion on the treatment of the clinical N0 neck in head and neck
      cancer, the sentinel lymphonodectomy is gaining more and more in significance.
      Prior to a multicentre study on the value of sentinel lymphonodectomy, it seemed
      to be desirable to collect data on the current practice of neck dissection in
      German ENT departments. First a standardised questionnaire was sent to 50
      hospitals in Germany. It contained questions on the respective therapeutic
      concepts (uni- or bilateral modified radical neck dissection versus selective
      neck dissection, wait-and-see policy) in histologically proven squamous cell
      carcinoma (G2) and defined localisation of the primary tumour (T1-T2 carcinoma of
      the oral cavity, the oropharynx and hypopharynx as well as larynx). Summing up
      the evaluation of 39 anonymously answered questionnaires, it can be stated that
      no uniform therapeutic concept for the treatment of the cervical lymph nodes in
      carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract based on the stage of lymphatic
      metastatic disease exists. It seems to be essential to elaborate such a concept
      in order to be able to compete in the international context. Likewise, a
      widespread uniform therapeutic strategy would be the basic prerequisite for the
      initiation and realisation of multicentric therapy studies.

PMID- 13680264
TI  - Serum follicle-stimulating hormone level is a predictor of bone mineral density
      in patients with hormone replacement therapy.
AB  - METHODS: A retrospective study regarding the relationship between serum hormonal
      levels and bone mineral density (BMD) was performed in 125 women with hormone
      replacement therapy (HRT). Serum estradiol (E(2)), luteinizing hormone (LH),
      follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and BMD were evaluated before and at 12 and
      24 months of HRT. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in E(2) and decrease
      in FSH at both 12 (E(2), 39.3+/-76.6 pg/ml to 71.0+/-67.9 pg/ml; FSH, 67.9+/-36.3
      mIU/ml to 47.9+/-29.0 mIU/ml) and 24 months (E(2), 68.3+/-54.5 pg/ml; FSH, 45.3+/
      24.4 mIU/ml). LH level was high at baseline (26.5+/-16.1 mIU/ml) and decreased at
      12 months (22.9+/-14.0 mIU/ml). On the contrary, it increased from 12 to 24
      months (27.4+/-14.9 mIU/ml). In the lumbar spine BMD, a significant rise was seen
      only in the first 12 months (0.933+/-0.157 g/cm(2) to 0.938+/-0.152 g/cm(2)).
      When percentage change was analyzed, a significant positive correlation was found
      between E(2) and BMD and a negative correlation between gonadotropin levels and
      BMD. CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate that serum gonadotropin levels,
      especially FSH, are a good marker to predict BMD in women with HRT.

PMID- 13680263
TI  - Pregnancy outcome after operative correction of puerperal uterine inversion.
AB  - Uterine inversion is an uncommon but life-threatening obstetric emergency. A
      review of the approaches to correct uterine inversion is presented. In cases
      where time has elapsed between delivery and presentation, the inversion ring may
      have become too tight to allow manual reposition of the fundus. In such cases, it
      has to be divided by a vertical incision. In subsequent pregnancy, antenatal care
      should include placental localization and planning for an elective Caesarean
      Section. The outcome of future pregnancies may be complicated by placenta accreta
      and massive haemorrhage.

PMID- 13680265
TI  - Screening for hemoglobin disorders in Thai pregnant women by England and Frazer's
      calculation method.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to perform a preliminary study screening for
      hemoglobin disorders among Thai pregnant women using England and Frazer's
      calculation method. PATIENTS: One hundred and thirty-five pregnant women who
      receive antenatal laboratory check-up from the Out-Patient Division, King
      Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. METHODS: Endocrine disruptor testing and
      assessment (EDTA) blood specimens from each patient were analyzed by two methods
      in order to screen for inherited hemoglobin disorders. Hemoglobin and genotype
      analysis was set as the confirmation method. Blood indices investigation
      performed by automated hematology analyzer was set for England and Frazer's
      calculation method as the screening method. RESULTS: The sensitivity and
      specificity of the method using England and Frazer's calculation were 92.3 and
      100%. False positive and false negative results were 0% and 7.7%. CONCLUSION:
      England and Frazer's calculation method can be an alternative method that can
      help screen for hemoglobin E disorders in pregnant women.

PMID- 13680266
TI  - Results of controlled ovarian stimulation for ART in poor responders according to
      the short protocol using different gonadotrophins combinations.
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Improving pregnancy rates in intricate cases of ovarian stimulation
      remains a challenge during IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).
      Different protocols of ovulation induction have been proposed. METHODS: The short
      protocol of ovarian stimulation using recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone
      (rFSH) with or without the use of luteinizing hormone (LH) in IVF or ICSI outcome
      in patients with many failed attempts and maternity age > or = 37 years was
      investigated. The prognostic significance of high but normal values of day 3
      serum FSH concentrations was also evaluated. RESULTS: Results show that FSH
      levels of >9 mIU/ml are associated with poor results even with the use of human
      menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG). Results were generally comparable when rFSH was
      used alone or in combination with HMG, except for the quality and the number of
      embryos transferred, the later being better in the rFSH + HMG group. CONCLUSION:
      In conclusion intricate cases have good chances for achieving a pregnancy using
      the short protocol and the outcome is further improved when LH is added from the
      beginning of ovarian stimulation. A slight elevation of day 3 FSH seems to be a
      strong prognostic factor for a poor outcome.

PMID- 13680267
TI  - A study of the incidence and recognition of surgical glove perforation during
      obstetric and gynecological procedures.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare the frequency of surgical
      glove perforation among obstetric and gynecological surgical procedures, and to
      evaluate surgeons' perceptions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study
      was conducted in which nursing personnel examined the gloves used in obstetric
      and gynecological procedures, immediately after the surgery, in order to detect
      perforations. RESULTS: Surgical glove perforation occurred in 20.8% of 817
      obstetrics procedures and 24.4% of 131 gynecology procedures. The observed
      difference between groups was not statistically significant (p=0.35).
      Obstetricians perceived the occurrence of perforation in 30.6% of the events, and
      gynecologists in 37.5%. This difference was not statistically significant
      (p=0.44).

PMID- 13680268
TI  - Inhibin B levels on cycle day 3 to predict the ovulatory response in women with
      PCOS undergoing ovulation induction via low dose step-up gonadotropin protocol.
AB  - BACKGROUND: In this prospective clinical single blind study, we aimed to
      investigate whether day 3 serum inhibin B levels in women with polycystic ovarian
      syndrome(PCOS) are of predictive value for the estimation of the ovarian response
      to gonadotropins. METHODS: Ovulation induction with low dose step-up gonadotropin
      protocol, starting with 75 IU/day, was performed for 30 cycles on 25 patients
      with PCOS. Day 3 serum inhibin B, follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) and
      estradiol, and midluteal serum progesterone levels were measured during each
      cycle. The correlations between day 3 inhibin B levels and day 3 FSH, day 3
      estradiol and midluteal progesterone measurements, as well as the amount of
      gonadotropin required to provide an ovulatory cycle were investigated. RESULTS:
      Five (27.8%) out of 18 cycles with day 3 inhibin levels <50.0 pg/ml; and 11
      (91.7%) out of 12 cycles with levels > or = 50.0 pg/ml were ovulatory
      (chi(2)=9.38, p<0.01). Moreover, day 3 inhibin B levels had statistically
      significant negative correlation with the gonadotropin used; and significant
      positive correlation with the midluteal progesterone levels (p<0.05). There
      wasn't any significant relation between day 3 FSH and estradiol levels with the
      gonadotropin used and progesterone levels. CONCLUSIONS: It has been observed that
      as day 3 serum inhibin B levels increased in women with PCOS, the ovulatory
      response to gonadotropins and the rate of ovulatory cycles increased
      significantly.

PMID- 13680269
TI  - Activation of two caspase cascades, caspase 8/3/6 and caspase 9/3/6, during
      photodynamic therapy using a novel photosensitizer, ATX-S10(Na), in normal human
      keratinocytes.
AB  - BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a potent treatment for skin
      tumors. Although the therapeutic effect of PDT is supposed to be due to cellular
      cytotoxicity, the precise mechanism is still unknown. ATX-S10(Na) [13,17-bis(1
      carboxypropionyl)carbamoylethyl-8-ethenyl-2-hydroxy-3-hydroxyiminoethylidene
      2,7,12,18-tetramethylporphyrin sodium salt], a novel hydrophilic chlorin
      photosensitizer, shows good accumulation in tumors and is suitable for use in
      PDT. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of PDT-induced cell death using
      ATX-S10(Na). METHODS: . Following ATX-S10(Na) treatment for 12 h, normal human
      keratinocytes (NHK) were irradiated using a diode laser. PDT-induced cell death
      and the activity of various caspases were measured. Activation of Fas antigen was
      also determined by immunoprecipitation analysis. The expression of Bax,
      cytochrome c, and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) was determined by Western
      blotting. RESULTS: ATX-S10(Na)-PDT had induced apoptosis of NHK by 2 h and the
      maximal effect was observed at 6 h following irradiation. The effect was
      suppressed by pretreatment of NHK with inhibitors of caspases 3, 6, 8 and 9. A
      caspase activity assay revealed the sequential activation of caspases 8, 3 and 6,
      and caspases 9, 3 and 6, respectively. Immunoprecipitation analysis indicated
      multimerization of Fas antigen without Fas ligand binding in ATX-S10(Na)-PDT
      treated NHK. Western blotting revealed cytosolic release of cytochrome c and AIF
      accompanied by decreased Bax expression in the cytosol. CONCLUSIONS: ATX-S10(Na)
      PDT induces apoptosis of NHK, and this was mediated by sequential activation of
      two caspase cascades, caspases 8, 3 and 6, and caspases 9, 3 and 6. This was
      accompanied by multimerization of Fas antigen and cytosolic release of cytochrome
      c and AIF.

PMID- 13680270
TI  - Increased permeability of psoriatic skin to the protein, plasminogen activator
      inhibitor 2.
AB  - The penetration and permeation of the recombinant protein plasminogen activator
      inhibitor type 2 (PAI-2) in two formulations, one containing a penetration
      enhancer, into the psoriatic and uninvolved skin of eight patients with plaque
      type psoriasis were investigated. Penetration and permeation of PAI-2 were
      measured by gamma counting and imaging following radiolabelling of a fraction of
      the applied PAI-2 with (123)I. The feasibility of topical delivery of drug to
      psoriatic plaques was confirmed by the finding that the permeability of psoriatic
      plaques to radiolabelled PAI-2 (P=0.007) and free (123)I (P=0.001) was
      approximately tenfold higher than the permeability of uninvolved skin. The
      addition of a penetration enhancer improved the permeation of PAI-2 into
      psoriatic plaques from an average of 35% to 46% (P=0.005). Occlusion decreased
      the permeation amount of PAI-2 from 46% to 15% due to losses on the occlusive
      dressing (P=0.001).

PMID- 13680271
TI  - Contact allergy to oak moss: search for sensitizing molecules using combined
      bioassay-guided chemical fractionation, GC-MS, and structure-activity
      relationship analysis.
AB  - In addition to pure synthetic fragrance materials several natural extracts are
      still in use in the perfume industry. Among them oak moss absolute, prepared from
      the lichen Evernia prunastri (L.) Arch., is considered a major contact sensitizer
      and is therefore included in the fragrance mix used for diagnosing perfume
      allergy. The process of preparing oak moss absolute has changed during recent
      years and, even though several potential sensitizers have been identified from
      former benzene extracts, its present constituents and their allergenic status are
      not clear. In the study reported here, we applied a method developed for the
      identification of contact allergens present in natural complex mixtures to oak
      moss absolute. The method is based on the combination of bioassay-guided chemical
      fractionation, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis and structure
      activity relationship studies. Our first results showed that atranol and
      chloroatranol, formed by transesterification and decarboxylation of the lichen
      depsides, atranorin and chloroatranorin, during the preparation of oak moss
      absolute, are strong elicitants in most patients sensitized to oak moss. Methyl
      beta-orcinol carboxylate, a depside degradation product and the most important
      monoaryl derivative of oak moss from an olfactory standpoint, was also found to
      elicit a reaction in most patients.

PMID- 13680273
TI  - Cost analysis of hip fracture treatment among the elderly for the public health
      services: a 1-year prospective study in 106 consecutive patients.
AB  - INTRODUCTION: The most serious complication resulting from osteoporosis is
      fracture of the hip. This injury often has serious consequences for the patient,
      because it is linked to a considerable level of mortality and deterioration of
      functional capacity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The data from 106 consecutive
      patients with a hip fracture were registered for 1 year following the fracture by
      trained nurses in an area of six municipalities and 92,500 inhabitants. The total
      costs of these patients were calculated per patient, including the costs of acute
      and post-acute care and rehabilitation, home assistance and home care, outpatient
      visits, assistive devices, transportation, medication, and forensic autopsies as
      well as the patients' own share of the treatment costs. The costs were calculated
      according to the 2003 price level. RESULTS: The average costs during the first
      post-fracture year were around euro 14,410. Slightly less than one-fourth of
      these costs was caused by acute care. If a previously home-dwelling patient had
      to be admitted to permanent institutional care after the fracture, the average
      costs rose to euro 35,700. The centralisation of post-acute rehabilitation
      lowered the amount of the total costs. CONCLUSION: The average 1-year total costs
      of a patient with a hip fracture were euro 14,410. About one-fourth of the costs
      were caused by acute care. The centralisation of post-acute rehabilitation was
      profitable.

PMID- 13680274
TI  - Antegrade nailing of femoral shaft fractures combined with neck or distal femur
      fractures. A retrospective review of 25 cases, with a follow-up of 36-150 months.
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Complex femoral fractures pose considerable therapeutic challenges
      to orthopedic surgeons. We present a retrospective review of 25 patients with
      complex femoral fractures treated with intramedullary locked nailing and
      supplemental screw fixation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen patients with
      ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures (group 1) and 10 patients with
      ipsilateral femoral shaft and distal femur fractures (group 2) were treated from
      1990 to 1998. High-energy injuries occurred in all patients. There were 4 open
      fractures. Antegrade, locked nailing of diaphyseal fractures was performed in all
      cases. Supplemental screws for the neck were used in all patients in group 1 and
      in 3 patients in group 2. RESULTS: All of the fractures united during the follow
      up. Five patients in group 1 underwent reoperation (33.3%): one due to a delayed
      union, the second due to an implant failure, the third due to a nonunion of a
      neck fracture, and the last two because of an initially missed femoral neck
      fracture. None of the patients in group 2 underwent reoperation. Angular
      malalignment of the shaft was found in 6 fractures in group 1 (average 4.8
      degree, range 3 degree-11 degree) and in 4 fractures in group 2 (average 6
      degree, range 3 degree-12 degree). Shortening of the limb occurred in 3 patients
      in group 1 (average 1.4 cm, range 1-1.8) and in 1 patient in group 2 (2 cm). Loss
      of fixation was seen in 1 patient in each group. Avascular necrosis and infection
      were not seen in any case in both groups. CONCLUSION: Femoral intramedullary
      nails with antegrade or retrograde options for insertion and different locking
      possibilities have extended the indications to include both diaphyseal and
      metaphyseal fractures. New nail designs, usually more expensive than the
      conventional nails, have been introduced into the market for this purpose. One
      has to keep in mind that antegrade, locked nailing of femoral shaft fractures
      combined with neck or distal femur fractures is a technically demanding but
      efficacious procedure. The success rate is high when the technique is
      meticulously implemented.

PMID- 13680275
TI  - Intramedullary fixation of pertrochanteric hip fractures with the short AO-ASIF
      proximal femoral nail.
AB  - INTRODUCTION: The advantages of intramedullary fixation of pertrochanteric hip
      fractures over dynamic screw-plate devices in the clinical setting are still a
      matter of debate. We performed a case series study in a teaching hospital to
      analyse the results of the recent AO-ASIF proximal femoral nail (PFN). MATERIALS
      AND METHODS: Between July 1998 and May 2001, 46 consecutive patients (47
      fractures) were included in the investigation. The average patient age was 76.4
      years (range 50-93 years), and most fractures (74.5%) were unstable. Operative
      details, adequacy of fracture reduction, screw position in the femoral head, re
      operations, and postoperative complications were documented. Functional results
      were evaluated by the Parker and Palmer mobility score and Barthel Index for
      patients with a minimum follow-up of 4 months. RESULTS: Intraoperative technical
      or mechanical complications occurred in 11 patients (23.4%), mostly problems with
      the distal nail locking and fracture of the lateral wall of the greater
      trochanter. Mean surgical time was 83.4 min. The lateral protrusion of screws
      causing thigh pain was the most common postoperative complication, with an
      incidence of 21.2%. There was only one femoral shaft fracture at the nail tip
      caused by a fall at 9 months of follow-up. Five patients (10.6%) had intra
      articular migration of screws, which was associated with loss of reduction and
      varus collapse in one case. There were 2 persistent deep infections and 2
      haematomas that required surgical drainage. The re-operation rate was 19.1%,
      mainly cephalic screw removal due to lateral protrusion at the proximal thigh.
      Ten patients (32.2%) fully recovered their Parker and Palmer mobility score, and
      20 patients (66.6%) recovered more than 90% of their pre-injury Barthel Index
      values. The average limb shortening was 14 mm. Mortality rate during the
      observation period was 20.4%. CONCLUSION: In view of only one loss of reduction
      with varus collapse clearly caused by a technical error, we concluded that the
      PFN is a suitable implant for unstable fractures, but the high re-operation rate
      precludes its routine use for every pertrochanteric fracture.

PMID- 13680276
TI  - Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion induces white matter lesions and loss of
      oligodendroglia with DNA fragmentation in the rat.
AB  - Cerebrovascular white matter lesions represent an age-related neurodegenerative
      condition that appears as a hyperintense signal on magnetic resonance images.
      These lesions are frequently observed in aging, hypertension and cerebrovascular
      disease, and are responsible for cognitive decline and gait disorders in the
      elderly population. In humans, cerebrovascular white matter lesions are
      accompanied by apoptosis of oligodendroglia, and have been thought to be caused
      by chronic cerebral ischemia. In the present study, we tested whether chronic
      cerebral hypoperfusion induces white matter lesions and apoptosis of
      oligodendroglia in the rat. Doppler flow meter analysis revealed an immediate
      reduction of cerebral blood flow ranging from 30% to 40% of that before
      operation; this remained at 52-64% between 7 and 30 days after operation.
      Transferrin-immunoreactive oligodendroglia decreased in number and the myelin
      became degenerated in the medial corpus callosum at 7 days and thereafter. Using
      the TUNEL method, the number of cells showing DNA fragmentation increased three-
      to eightfold between 3 and 30 days post-surgery compared to sham-operated
      animals. Double labeling with TUNEL and immunohistochemistry for markers of
      either astroglia or oligodendroglia showed that DNA fragmentation occurred in
      both of these glia. Messenger RNA for caspase-3 increased approximately twofold
      versus the sham-operated rats between 1 and 30 days post-surgery.
      Immunohistochemistry revealed up-regulation of caspase-3 in the oligodendroglia
      of the white matter, and also in the astroglia and neurons of the gray matter.
      Molecules involved in apoptotic signaling such as TNF-alpha and Bax were also up
      regulated in glial cells. These results indicate that chronic cerebral
      hypoperfusion induces white matter degeneration in association with DNA
      fragmentation in oligodendroglia.

PMID- 13680277
TI  - Delayed neuronal maturation of the medullary arcuate nucleus in sudden infant
      death syndrome.
AB  - Recently, quantitative abnormalities in neuronal populations derived from the
      rhombic lip (inferior olive nucleus of the brain stem and external granular layer
      of the cerebellum) have been reported in victims of the sudden infant death
      syndrome (SIDS). In this study we examined the arcuate nucleus (ARCn) of 35 SIDS
      victims and 25 controls, to determine neuronal abnormalities involving this
      nucleus in SIDS. Computer-assisted cell evaluation was made on sections stained
      with hematoxylin and eosin to study the neuronal dimensions (nuclear and
      cytoplasmic area, nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio), the form factor and the density of
      reactive astrocytes. There was a significant reduction of the neuronal area
      (nuclear and cytoplasmic) in SIDS victims compared with controls. The neuronal
      populations of SIDS victims had a significantly higher form factor, index of
      immaturity. The SIDS victims were divided into two groups on the basis of ARCn
      development: 18 SIDS-A cases with a well-developed ARCn and 17 SIDS-B cases with
      severe bilateral hypoplasia. The results of our research indicate that the
      developmental defect is characterized by a reduction in size of the ARC neurons
      and by neuronal depletion. In SIDS the ARCn has the histomorphological features
      of neuronal immaturity, and there is a marked reduction of all quantitative cell
      parameters and lower astrocytes density with respect to controls. On the basis of
      the morphometric results of the arcuate neuronal populations, we hypothesize that
      infants whose neurons have failed to reach full maturity are at risk for SIDS
      because they are unable to develop appropriate cardioventilatory control.

PMID- 13680278
TI  - Inflammatory infiltrates in the spinal cord of patients with Guillain-Barre
      syndrome.
AB  - Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is defined as an acute inflammatory demyelinating
      polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP) of the peripheral nervous system. Reports on
      central nervous system involvement in patients with GBS are rare and the
      histopathological analysis was usually restricted to conventional staining
      techniques. We were able to investigate four cases with GBS at autopsy in respect
      to the inflammatory infiltrates and histopathological changes in the spinal cord
      by immunohistochemistry using a panel of antibodies recognizing lymphocytes and
      different macrophage-activation antigens. There were increased inflammatory cell
      infiltrates comprising lymphocytes and macrophages in the spinal cord of two
      cases. In one of these two cases, GBS predominantly affecting the motor system
      similar to acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) developed following hepatitis B
      vaccination; in the second one, GBS developed rapidly 4 days after onset of
      intravenous purified GM1-ganglioside application affecting the motor as well as
      the sensory system, resembling acute motor sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN).
      Impairment of the spinal anterior horn cells with their axons was suggested to be
      responsible for prolonged motor symptoms and the predominantly axonal type of
      neuropathy at least as a late-stage feature in these two cases with fatal
      outcome. Insignificant cellular infiltrates in the spinal cord were noted in the
      other two GBS cases. Focal cellular infiltration of spinal nerve roots and
      meninges was similar in all cases.

PMID- 13680279
TI  - Absence of prostate apoptosis response-4 protein in substantia nigra of
      Parkinson's disease autopsies.
AB  - The morphological evidence for apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's
      disease (PD) remains a conflicting issue. The present study examined autopsy
      material containing substantia nigra and putamen of PD ( n=7) and control
      subjects ( n=5) for the expression of prostate apoptosis response-4 (Par-4)
      protein, a protein expressed by apoptotic cells. Par-4 was not detected in the
      substantia nigra pars compacta. By contrast, duodenal enterocytes, which served
      as positive controls and are known to be apoptotic, profoundly expressed Par-4.
      The present study is in agreement with previous studies of the substantia nigra
      pars compacta in PD, which failed to detect molecules expressed by apoptotic
      cells. The absence of Par-4 immunoreactivity suggests that death of dopaminergic
      neurons in PD follows a degenerative pathway that circumvents the induction of
      Par-4.

PMID- 13680280
TI  - A new neurophysiological/neuropathological ex vivo model localizes the origin of
      glioma-associated epileptogenesis in the invasion area.
AB  - Seizures commonly occur in glioma patients, but their pathogenesis is poorly
      understood, in part due to a lack of valid and versatile experimental models. We
      have established a new model that enables comprehensive neuropathological and
      neurophysiological analysis on identical tissue preparations. Rat C6 glioma cells
      stably transfected with a green fluorescence protein (GFP) gene are transplanted
      into rat neocortex, giving rise to diffusely invading gliomas histologically
      resembling human glioblastomas. After 2 weeks, 500- micro m-thick cerebral slices
      are prepared, stained with the voltage-sensitive dye RH795, and fluorescence
      changes associated with origin and spread of abnormal bioelectric activity upon
      washout of Mg(2+) are detected by a 464-element photodiode array at a rate of 785
      frames/s. GFP fluorescence promotes identification of tumor cells during
      electrophysiological experiments and in neuropathological analyses using frozen
      and paraffin-embedded tissue sections. By performing subsequent histological
      analysis of the slices examined neurophysiologically, origin and spread of
      abnormal activity can be correlated with structural and molecular
      (immunohistochemical) features. Specifically, we found that ictaform activity was
      initiated in cortical areas diffusely invaded by single tumor cells. This model
      is useful for further elucidating the electrophysiological, molecular and
      structural basis of glioma-associated epileptogenesis.

PMID- 13680281
TI  - Permanent sacral nerve modulation for fecal incontinence and associated urinary
      disturbances.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Sacral nerve modulation (SNM) using an implantable pulse
      generator is gaining increasing acceptance in the treatment of several functional
      disturbances of the urinary and intestinal tract. This new therapeutic approach
      offers new possibilities in the treatment of fecal incontinence (FI) by means of
      its possible effects on anorectal physiology. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fourteen
      patients with FI, six of whom had associated urinary disturbances, underwent
      permanent SNM after successful peripheral nerve evaluation tests. All had a
      clinical evaluation including FI grading systems (American Medical systems, AMS;
      Continence Grading System, CGS) and quality of life questionnaires (Fecal
      Incontinence Quality of Life, FIQL), and anorectal physiology tests performed
      before and during electrostimulation. Two patients had a lead displacement which
      was repositioned. Median follow-up was 14 months (range 6-48 months). RESULTS:
      AMS scores decreased significantly from 101 to 67 after 24 months CGS scores from
      15 to 2 after 2 months. The median number of episodes of major incontinence per 2
      weeks decreased from 14 to 1 after 24 months. FIQL scores improved significantly
      in the nine patients tested from an overall score of 1.59 to 3.3, with
      improvement in all areas of the FIQL. Four of the six patients with associated
      urinary disturbances had a significant improvement in their symptoms. Anal
      resting and squeezing tone did not change significantly, nor did rectal
      volumetry, compliance, rectoanal inhibitory reflex, or length of the anal high
      pressure zone, while 24-h rectal manometry showed inhibition of the spontaneous
      rectal motility complexes after meal and on awakening in the only two patients
      undergoing this investigation. CONCLUSION: Although the mechanism of action of
      SMN is still unclear and requires further investigations, clinical results are
      very encouraging, confirming the role of this new and safe procedure in the
      treatment of FI and associated urinary disturbances.

PMID- 13680282
TI  - Total lateral sphincterotomy for anal fissure.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Initial experience with the posterior sphincterotomy for
      treating anal fissures was unsatisfactory, with a significant rate of recurrences
      and anal incontinence. This report describes the lateral approach to complete
      section of the internal sphincter. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1997 and 2001 we
      surgically treated 164 patients for anal fissure. Preoperative and postoperative
      anal manometries were recorded. Postoperative course and early and long-term
      results were recorded. RESULTS: No fissure failed to heal. Early complications
      included bleeding, hematoma, and pain. A transient, variable degree of
      incontinence occurred in 15 patients and persistent incontinence to flatus and
      soiling in 5. After total sphincterotomy no long-term complication was observed.
      Patient satisfaction was 96%. CONCLUSION: Total subcutaneous, internal
      sphincterotomy is a safe, effective procedure for the treatment of chronic anal
      fissure.

PMID- 13680283
TI  - Analysis of the therapeutic efficacy of different doses of budesonide in patients
      with active Crohn's ileocolitis depending on disease activity and localization.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The nonsystemic steroid budesonide has been used to treat
      active ileocecal and ileocolonic Crohn's disease (CD). This study investigated
      the optimal budesonide dose using a pH-dependent release formulation. The goal of
      treatment was the remission of CD (CDAI <150) within 6 weeks of treatment.
      PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study was of randomized, double-blind, dose-finding
      design. Patients with active CD ileocolitis without steroid pretreatment were
      treated with 3x2 mg ( n=39), 3x3 mg ( n=33), or 3x6 mg ( n=32) oral pH-modified
      released budesonide daily. RESULTS: The remission rates after 6 weeks were 36%
      with 3x2 mg, 55% with 3x3 mg, and 66% with 3x6 mg. Significantly more patients
      were in remission while treated with 3x6 mg than with 3x2 mg budesonide/day.
      Subgroup analyses revealed that patients with high disease activity (CDAI >/=
      300) or ileocolonic disease with disease manifestation distal to the transverse
      colon responded better to the highest budesonide dose. CONCLUSION: Oral pH
      modified released budesonide shows a dose-dependent effectiveness in patients
      with active ileocolonic CD. In the majority of patients 9 mg budesonide per day
      is sufficient. However, in patients with highly active disease or ileal disease
      with distal colonic manifestation higher doses of budesonide could increase the
      therapeutic response

PMID- 13680284
TI  - Identification of occult tumor cells in node negative lymph nodes of colorectal
      cancer patients by cytokeratin 20 gene and protein expression.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Evaluation of cytokeratin 20 (CK20) specific quantitative
      reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) and
      immunohistochemistry (IHC) for detection of occult tumor cells in lymph nodes of
      72 patients with colorectal carcinoma (UICC stage I and II). METHODS: Serial
      sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lymph nodes (mean 14.3/case) were
      used for microdissection, RNA isolation and QRT-PCR and for CK20 IHC using
      routine protocols. Results of QRT-PCR and IHC were compared and correlated to the
      CK20 expression pattern of the primary tumors and clinical follow-up. RESULTS:
      IHC revealed CK20-positive tumor cells in lymph nodes of 14.5% (10/69) and 0%
      (0/3) cases with a CK20-positive and CK20-negative primary tumor, respectively.
      CK20 mRNA was detected in the lymph nodes of 36.8% (7/19) cases by QRT-PCR with
      all 7 cases also expressing CK20 mRNA in the primary tumor. CK20 mRNA (QRT-PCR)
      and protein (IHC) detection in serial sections did not agree in 25% (5/20) of
      cases. A trend was seen towards a worse disease course for patients with CK20
      positive lymph nodes by IHC (incidence of recurrent disease) and QRT-PCR (disease
      free survival, incidence of recurrent disease). CONCLUSION: CK20-specific IHC and
      QRT-PCR are supportive tools to conventional histology for detection of occult
      tumor cells in archival tissues, with the restriction that a laborious QRT-PCR
      procedure is necessary to achieve appropriate specificity. A prognostic value of
      CK20 IHC or QRT-PCR for stratification of UICC stage I and II patients into those
      likely to develop recurrent disease was not evident.

PMID- 13680285
TI  - A polymorphism of the NFKBIA gene is associated with Crohn's disease patients
      lacking a predisposing allele of the CARD15 gene.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Nuclear factor kappa-B (NFkappaB) plays a crucial role in
      diseases associated with dysregulated immune response. NFkappaB inhibitor alpha
      downregulates the activity of NFkappaB. PATIENTS AND METHODS: To evaluate the
      contribution of the NFkappaB inhibitor alpha gene in Crohn's disease single
      nucleotide polymorphisms in the 3'-UTR and at position -420 in the promoter were
      studied in 259 patients with Crohn's disease genotyped for the variations of the
      CARD15 gene in comparison to 441 healthy controls. Additionally we screened the
      coding region of the NFkappaB inhibitor alpha gene for polymorphisms by SSCP
      analysis. RESULTS: In comparison to controls the A allele and the AA genotype
      frequencies of the single nucleotide polymorphisms in the 3'-UTR were
      significantly increased only in Crohn's disease patients without a variation in
      the CARD15 gene. Similarly, the difference between patients harboring no
      predisposing CARD15 alleles and patients harboring such a variation was
      significant. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that the phenotype Crohn's disease
      is to be substructured with respect to genetic susceptibility.

PMID- 13680287
TI  - Retained common-duct stones after open cholecystectomy and duct exploration in
      children.
AB  - A retrospective study was performed of 250 patients with cholelithiasis treated
      at the Royal Children's Hospital, (RCH) Melbourne, over 25 years by open
      operation; 32 (12.8%) had proven choledocholithiasis on either preoperative
      imaging, operative cholangiography (OpCG), or postoperative investigation. A
      further 3 had underlying congenital biliary abnormalities and were excluded from
      further study. Thirty-one of the 32 were explored at open operation, 27 after
      OpCG and 4 on clinical grounds. One retained common-bile-duct (CBD) stone was
      undetected until the postoperative period (1/250, 0.25%). Seven ducts were not
      cleared, giving a duct exploration failure rate of 22.6% (7/31). All 8 retained
      CBD stones were identified in the early postoperative period and managed with a
      variety of techniques, including endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography
      (ERCP). The incidence of retained stones after open CBD exploration was high
      (22.6%), and can be attributed to difficulties in operative technique dealing
      with the smaller paediatric CBD. In addition, haemolytic disease seems to induce
      a propensity for choledocholithiasis. Given the small numbers presenting with
      cholelithiasis to RCH (10 per year), it is suggested that a selective approach to
      CBD exploration is appropriate in children. With the increasing use of
      laparoscopic cholecystectomy in children and the inherent technical difficulties
      of laparoscopic operative cholangiography, ERCP may offer an alternative solution
      in dealing with CBD stones rather than open or laparoscopic CBD exploration.

PMID- 13680286
TI  - Long-term effect of 5-fluorouracil enhanced by intermittent administration of
      polysaccharide K after curative resection of colon cancer. A randomized
      controlled trial for 7-year follow-up.
AB  - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The efficacy of a biological response modifier
      polysaccharide K in adjuvant immunochemotherapy was evaluated in primary colon
      cancer patients with macroscopic Dukes' C after curative resection. PATIENTS AND
      METHODS: Employing the minimization method using three factors (lymph node
      metastases, preoperative serum CEA level, and institution), 446 patients were
      allocated into groups P and C. Group P received immunochemotherapy, oral PSK (3 g
      per day) followed by oral 5-FU (200 mg/body per day), while group C received only
      intermittent chemotherapy, oral 5-FU (200 mg per day) followed by 4-week rest.
      Both groups received ten courses. RESULTS: Survival for cancer death was
      significantly higher in group P than in group C, but there was no difference in 7
      year disease-free survival or overall survival had. CONCLUSION: Repeated
      alternating administration with PSK followed by 5-FU can improve survival for
      cancer death.

PMID- 13680288
TI  - The effects of intestinal ischemia on the levels of serum immunoglobulin A in
      rats.
AB  - Many biochemical markers have been investigated in intestinal ischemia. However,
      the effects of intestinal ischemia on the level of serum immunoglobulin A (IgA)
      has apparently not been investigated in the literature, although the
      gastrointestinal system is one of the main sources of serum IgA. The aim of our
      study was to evaluate the changes of serum IgA levels during intestinal ischemia
      of varying duration in rats. Group 1 ( n=5) was created for control purposes,
      including the detection of the baseline values and the effects of the anesthetic
      agents. Group 2 ( n=20) rats underwent sham laparotomy. Group 3 ( n=20) had 50%
      of small intestine ischemia by the strangulated obstruction model. Serum samples
      were obtained by cardiac puncture 1 h after anesthetic agents were given in group
      1. On the other hand, serum and intestine samples were obtained at 1 (T1, n=5), 2
      (T2, n=5), 4 (T4, n=5) and 6 (T6, n=5) h after the operation in groups 2 and 3.
      The levels of serum IgA, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase
      (ALP) were determined. Pathologic specimens were graded in a masked manner. IgA
      levels were abruptly decreased to 8.49+/-1.58 mg/dl in rats with intestinal
      ischemia at 1 h after the operation. This decrease in serum IgA at T1 in group 3
      was statistically significant compared with the control and sham-operated groups
      (18.80+/-1.15 mg/dl, 22.07+/-1.54 mg/dl, respectively; P<0.01). On the other
      hand, IgA levels were significantly elevated at T2 in the sham-operated group
      compared with control and intestinal ischemia groups (26.99+/-2.96 mg/dl, 18.80+/
      1.15 mg/dl, 14.35+/-2.62 mg/dl, respectively; P<0.05). The serum IgA levels
      decreased to above baseline values at T6 in group 2 (19.60+/-2.78 mg/dl), while
      they increased to below baseline values in group 3 (17.60+/-1.28 mg/dl). In group
      3, IgA levels were elevated to baseline values, while a significant ischemia
      occurred at 4 and 6 h after operation. These results suggested that serum IgA is
      affected earlier by intestinal ischemia and intestinal manipulation. The increase
      in serum IgA levels may be related to stimulation of the local immune responses
      in the intestine. On the other hand, abruptly decreasing serum IgA levels in this
      experimental study may be related to inadequate transport of the synthesized IgA
      to the systemic circulation, because serum IgA levels were returned to baseline
      values while a significant ischemia occurred at T4 and T6. According to these
      results, we conclude that serum and peritoneal fluid IgA levels may be changed by
      intestinal ischemia and may be used to make an early diagnosis of intestinal
      ischemia in humans.

PMID- 13680289
TI  - The value of cholinesterase activity after Kasai operation.
AB  - Cholinesterase (ChE) is an enzyme synthesized in the liver. The aim of this study
      was to determine the value of ChE as an index of liver function. We measured the
      ChE activity as well as the values of bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, gamma
      glutamyl transpeptidase, aminotransferases and albumin before and 7 days after
      Kasai operation in 25 infants with biliary atresia. The increased activity of ChE
      in plasma after Kasai operation was accompanied by a decrease of other measured
      values ( P<0.0001), except for albumin. We can conclude that the increase of ChE
      activity together with the decrease of bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and gamma
      glutamyl transpeptidase show early improvement of liver function after Kasai
      operation. ChE activity can be used to assess liver function in terms of
      synthesis.

PMID- 13680290
TI  - Laparoscopic management of persistent mullerian duct syndrome.
AB  - Between 1993-2002 we used both diagnostic and operative laparoscopy in the
      management of five cases of persistent mullerian duct syndrome (BMDS). Two
      siblings from two different families accounted for four of the cases. They
      presented with cryptorchidism and inguinal hernias. The diagnosis was established
      during diagnostic laparoscopy. The impalpable testes were on the left in three,
      on the right in one and bilateral in one. The latter case had been managed
      previously in another hospital by an open technique, and the diagnosis was
      missed. Transverse testicular ectopia was present in two unrelated boys. All the
      cases were managed by splitting the uterus in the midline and then bringing the
      testis with the vas and attached uterine tissue into the scrotum. Three of the
      five cases were managed laparoscopically. Follow-up of 6 months to 10 years
      showed satisfactory results in four of the five cases.

PMID- 13680291
TI  - Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication in children: 2-5-year follow-up.
AB  - PURPOSE: This study aims to document the current status of a cohort of children
      who underwent laparoscopic fundoplication at a single centre between 1996 and
      1998. METHODS: Parents were contacted and a questionnaire regarding preoperative
      and current symptoms completed. Case notes were reviewed for results of
      postoperative investigations. RESULTS: Forty-five laparoscopic Nissen
      fundoplications were performed. The median age was 5 years. Twenty-eight children
      were neurologically impaired. Five died of underlying medical problems during
      follow-up. Two were lost to follow-up, leaving 38 parents interviewed. Median
      follow-up was 36 months. Twenty-five children were asymptomatic, and 13 reported
      upper gastrointestinal symptoms. In ten, symptoms were less severe than
      preoperatively. Nine of the 13 children were taking acid suppressing drugs. No
      children reported problems with dysphagia. Twelve of the 13 symptomatic children
      had investigations for recurrent reflux. In no case was there evidence of reflux
      or wrap disruption. One of the children who died had been demonstrated to have
      recurrent reflux on barium swallow. CONCLUSIONS: Sixty-six percent of patients
      reported complete relief, and a further 26% reported considerable improvement of
      their symptoms. There was a high degree of parental satisfaction with the outcome
      of the operation. The results suggest that laparoscopic fundoplication is a
      durable procedure with documented recurrent reflux in only 2% of children at a
      median follow-up of 3 years.

PMID- 13680292
TI  - Laparoscopic excision of a prostatic utricle in a child.
AB  - Prostatic utricle cysts result from incomplete regression of Mullerian duct
      structures and occur most frequently in males with perineal or peno-scrotal
      hypospadias. Utricular cysts may present with various signs and symptoms
      including urinary tract infection, pain and post-void incontinence, a palpable
      abdominal mass or recurrent epididymitis. Treatment is reserved for symptomatic
      cysts and various techniques have been described including transurethral
      deroofing, endoscopic incision or surgical excision by suprapubic, posterior and
      midline transvesical approaches. We present a successful minimally invasive
      approach for excision of a prostatic utricle cyst in a child. Laparoscopic
      excision is a safe and viable alternative to open procedures in the surgical
      treatment of symptomatic utricle cysts in childhood. The presence of a cystoscope
      within the utricle orifice aids identification and safe dissection of the
      utricular remnant.

PMID- 13680293
TI  - Elevated nitric oxide levels in childhood brain tumors.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: One of the fundamental aspects of nitric oxide (NO) is the regulation
      of the inflammatory processes involved in neuronal apoptosis. Expressions of NO
      and NO synthase (NOS) are considered to be involved in brain tissue injuries and
      brain tumors. The purpose of our study was to investigate the roles of NO and
      inducible-form NOS (iNOS) in the pathogenesis of brain tumors. METHODS: NO levels
      in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 36 brain tumor patients were detected
      utilizing the NO-chemiluminescence method. Deparaffinized tissue sections were
      immunostained for the presence of antibodies against iNOS and for apoptosis using
      the TUNEL stain. The results were compared with 10 control patients (with
      epilepsy and hydrocephalus). CONCLUSIONS: Higher levels of NO and iNOS activities
      may induce immune responses and neurotoxicities. This preliminary study revealed
      elevated NO and NOS activities with an increased amount of apoptotic processes in
      brain tumor tissues, which may indicate the possible roles of NO in the formation
      of brain tumors.

PMID- 13680294
TI  - A child with spinal intramedullary abscess.
AB  - CASE REPORT: We report a case of an intramedullary spinal cord abscess (ISCA) in
      a 14-month-old child. This case demonstrates clinical and radiological features
      and emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. Early surgical
      intervention and adjuvant antibiotic therapy have been shown to improve the
      clinical outcome. Successful outcome depends on early diagnosis and aggressive
      management. DISCUSSION: Spinal intramedullary abscess is a rare neurosurgical
      entity. They can hardly be distinguished from neoplasms. Hart described the first
      case in 1830. Since then, approximately 70 cases have been reported. An acute
      spinal intramedullary abscess may present as a cord syndrome with back pain and
      fever, contrasting with chronic spinal intramedullary abscess, which tends to
      have a less specific symptomatology.

PMID- 13680295
TI  - Intramedullary abscess of the spinal cord.

PMID- 13680296
TI  - A case of definitely congenital glioblastoma manifested by intratumoral
      hemorrhage.
AB  - BACKGROUND: A female infant was born with a left-sided glioblastoma that
      manifested clinically with weakened crying and feeding on day 1 of life, fever
      and bulging anterior fontanel on day 4, and right hemiparesis by day 10. METHODS:
      Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging showed hemosiderin intensity indicating
      that hemorrhage had occurred during the prenatal period. Radical surgical removal
      of the tumor was performed on the 22nd postnatal day. RESULTS: Postoperatively,
      the right hemiparesis did not worsen and the patient did not have any new
      neurological deficits. The right hemiparesis gradually improved after her initial
      surgery, and she was able to stand by herself at 18 months of age. Adjuvant
      chemotherapy and radiation were administered. This patient survived for 27 months
      following birth, which is a relatively long time for glioblastoma cases. Radical
      removal at the first operation with reliance on the plasticity of infant cerebral
      function was the key point in the long survival.

PMID- 13680297
TI  - Molecular genetics of autism spectrum disorders.
AB  - Autistic disorder belongs to a broad spectrum of pervasive developmental
      disorders. Autism is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous condition. It is
      characterized by impairment in a broad range of social interactions,
      communication, and repetitive patterns of behavior and interest. Although the
      exact etiology of the condition is not known, family and twin studies strongly
      support genetic factors in autism. Genome-wide scans suggest several
      susceptibility loci that may contain one or more predisposing genes. However, no
      such genes have been identified so far that predispose patients to autism. The
      condition is over 90% heritable, but the mode of inheritance is not clear.
      Moreover, it does not seem to be a single gene disorder. There is no cure for
      autism. Individualized structured education, family support services, and
      antipsychotic drugs are recommended. These may alleviate some behavioral
      problems. The identification of autism genes, an understanding of the
      neurobiology of the condition, and additional clinical studies may help to
      develop pharmacological interventions in the future.

PMID- 13680298
TI  - Power of association test for detecting minor histocompatibility gene causing
      graft-versus-host disease following bone marrow transplantation [correction].
AB  - Incompatibility of minor histocompatibility antigen (mHa) is a major cause of
      acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) following bone marrow transplantation in
      human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched donor-recipient pairs. To avoid acute GVHD,
      as many mHa genes as possible need to be identified. In this study, we introduce
      a comparison of two proportions as an association test for detecting mHa genes in
      HLA-matched pairs with and without GVHD. Assuming multiple mHa loci, each with
      two alleles, we evaluated the effects of (1). minor allele frequency of the mHa
      locus of interest (denoted by p), and (2). probability of GVHD developing in a
      donor-recipient pair being incompatible at an mHa locus (denoted by r) on the
      powers of association tests for unrelated pairs and for sib pairs. Our results
      showed that based on a candidate gene approach, an mHa gene with high p and r
      values can be detected by the association test with a small sample size.
      Application of the present method to the Japanese population revealed that the
      association test for unrelated pairs is more suitable for detecting an mHa gene
      with a high r value than that for sib pairs. The present method will be helpful
      to researchers who evaluate the power of association study in advance.

PMID- 13680299
TI  - Robust microsatellite instability (MSI) analysis by denaturing high-performance
      liquid chromatography (DHPLC).
AB  - Microsatellite instability (MSI) plays an important biological role in various
      types of cancers, and especially in colorectal cancers. This study aimed to
      develop a simple, efficient, new method for robust MSI analysis. DNA was
      extracted from 175 (105 proximal colon and 70 distal colorectal) cancer samples
      and matched normal tissues, and five Bethesda microsatellite markers (BAT-25, BAT
      26, D5S346, D2S123, and D17S250) were examined for MSI by denaturing high
      performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) analysis at a temperature of 50 degrees
      C and a flow rate of 0.9 ml/min. It took just 9 min per PCR product to determine
      MSI or microsatellite stability (MSS) using the new protocol. The DHPLC results
      were confirmed with conventional gel-based electrophoresis and capillary-based
      sequencing method. Of 175 samples, 45 (26%) showed high microsatellite
      instability (MSI-H), 12 (7%) showed low microsatellite instability (MSI-L), and
      118 (67%) showed MSS. All MSI samples were deletion mutants and all 12 MSI-L
      cases had MSI in dinucleotide markers (D5S346, D2S123, and D17S250). MSI was
      significantly associated with proximal colon cancers ( p<0.0001), as previously
      reported. The MSI-H tumors were also associated with tumor node metastasis (TNM)
      I/II stages ( p=0.05) and high-grade tumors ( p<0.01). Here, we propose a DHPLC
      based method as an alternative for MSI analysis.

PMID- 13680300
TI  - Small bowel perforation due to blunt trauma directly to the inguinal region: a
      case report.
AB  - We report on a patient with intestinal perforation caused by direct blunt trauma
      to the inguinal region. The patient had been previously diagnosed with an
      inguinal hernia. The perforation was managed surgically, and he subsequently
      underwent hernia repair. In our opinion, intestinal perforation caused by
      inguinal region trauma in patients with inguinal hernias is a rare and
      unfortunate situation but one that reveals the importance of inguinal hernia
      repair.

PMID- 13680301
TI  - Biography: Edward Earle Shouldice (1890-1965).

PMID- 13680302
TI  - Simplified technique for incisional hernia repair with mesh prosthesis.
AB  - This paper describes a simplified technique for the repair of incisional hernias.
      The previous scar is resected, and the peritoneal sac is carefully dissected
      until it is completely exposed. The sac is opened to liberate structures adherent
      to the sac or to the area immediately surrounding the defect. The peritoneum is
      closed and invaginated to form a sac bed underlying the entire extent of the
      defect, and the mesh is laid on this sac bed. The mesh is then fixed with "U"
      stitches, reinforcing these by inserting a second line from the edge of the
      defect to the mesh. Suture material used is polypropylene 1/0 or 2/0. This
      procedure has been carried out on 15 patients, and after 1 year of follow-up,
      there has been no recurrence of the hernia. Operating time was reduced, and the
      surgical technique was found to be easier. Placing a mesh prosthesis inside the
      hernia sac and fixing it to the abdominal wall with two lines of suturing
      simplifies the repair procedure, reduces operating time, and is effective in the
      repair of all incisional hernias. A study is required to compare this outcome
      with the different mesh repair techniques.

PMID- 13680303
TI  - Three-dimensional mesh for ventral hernias: a new technique for an old problem.
AB  - The morbidity/mortality associated with ventral hernias continues to be a serious
      medical problem due to high rates of recurrence. Meshes offer a simple and
      effective solution and, bearing this in mind, we describe a new protocol
      developed in our department, which consists of dissecting the hernia to free the
      peritoneal space, in which the three-dimensional mesh (PHS) is lodged. From July
      1999-November 2002, this technique was used in 32 adult and elderly patients:
      four eventrations caused by trocars, seven eventrations from laparotomy, 14
      umbilical hernias, five epigastric hernias, and two spigelian hernias. The size
      of the hernial ring was 10 cm or less in all cases. All patients underwent
      surgery under spinal anaesthesia and with antibiotic prophylaxis. No patient
      required readmission, experienced infection of the mesh or recurrence, or
      required more oral analgesia than prescribed on discharge. The mean hospital stay
      was 30+/-15 h, and only five of 32 patients required more than 1 day of stay. No
      deaths occurred. Therefore, we think that the use of the PHS mesh in ventral
      hernia is a safe, effective, and simple technique.

PMID- 13680304
TI  - Inguinal hernia repair with beta glucan-coated mesh: prospective multicenter
      study (115 cases)--preliminary results.
AB  - Prosthetic reinforcement is now routine in the management of inguinal hernia, and
      it significantly reduces the risk of recurrence. However, there may be
      postoperative pain and discomfort of late onset, the intensity of which appears
      to be related to the rigidity of the material and its ability to integrate with
      tissues. We have evaluated the results of implantation with beta glucan-coated
      polypropylene mesh both objectively (early recurrence) and functionally (pain and
      quality of life). The mass of the coated mesh is reduced by 50% compared to a
      typical polypropylene implant. Beta glucan is an entirely natural plant product
      that eliminates the risk of viral or prion contamination associated with the use
      of collagen of animal origin. One hundred fifteen patients with a mean age of 55
      years with a primary or recurrent inguinal hernia were treated with a prosthesis
      (Glucamesh). Fifty-eight patients underwent a Lichtenstein procedure, and 57 had
      a laparoscopic procedure (TEP, TAPP). Mean operative time was 40 min. There was
      no mortality, and morbidity was 8.6%. At 3 months follow-up, no recurrences were
      observed. The characteristics of the prosthesis were considered to be good or
      excellent in 93.9-100% of cases. Residual postoperative pain (analogue pain score
      less than 2) occurred in 4.3% of cases at day 15 and in 2.7% at day 90. The
      quality-of-life health score of the SF36 questionnaire preoperatively and
      postoperatively showed a significant improvement ( P<0.05) in the scores and a
      quality of life equivalent to healthy control subjects. This prosthesis is
      associated with a rapid and significant resolution of postoperative pain and a
      quick return to normal activity with an improved quality of life. In addition,
      the plant origin of the prosthesis eliminates any risk of viral or prion
      contamination.

PMID- 13680305
TI  - Urological findings in inguinal hernias: a case report and review of the
      literature.
AB  - We report on a rare case of massive incarcerated inguinoscrotal bladder
      herniation in a direct hernia and present the review of the literature on
      urological findings in relation to the inguinal hernial sac. The English-based
      literature was searched using the words inguinal hernia, bladder, ureter,
      diverticule, and incarceration and discussed in relation to the present case. We
      found 190 cases of inguinal hernia associated with urological findings, such as
      herniation of the bladder, ureter, and diverticulum. We also found that 11.2% of
      these hernias were associated with urological malignancies and 23.5% of these
      were associated with a variety of complications. The high-risk patients, who are
      males, obese, older than 50 years and who have symptoms that indicate urological
      pathologies to a physician, are more likely to be in the high-risk group for
      bladder herniation.

PMID- 13680306
TI  - Wound complications and stitch length.
AB  - The effect of suturing with a very short stitch on the development of wound
      complications in midline incisions was investigated. Three hundred sixty-eight
      patients were analysed. The suture length to wound length ratio and mean stitch
      length were calculated. Wound infection occurred in 4% (four of 103) of patients
      sutured with a mean stitch length of less than 4 cm, in 8% (nine of 117) with
      stitch length 4-4.9 cm, and in 16% (24 of 148) with a longer stitch ( P=0.004).
      At 12-month follow up, incisional hernia was present in 3% (two of 76) of
      patients sutured with a mean stitch length of less than 4 cm and in 12% (25 of
      215) sutured with a longer stitch ( P=0.043). In midline incisions closed with a
      suture length to wound length ratio of at least 4, a short stitch is associated
      with a lower rate of both wound infection and incisional hernia.

PMID- 13680307
TI  - Obesity is a risk factor for recurrence after incisional hernia repair.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Any individualisation of incisional hernia repair requires a profound
      knowledge of risk factors for recurrence. METHODS: A series of 160 patients
      underwent incisional hernia repair and were prospectively followed up at 3, 6,
      12, and 24 months after surgery. We analysed the importance of various variables
      to predict recurrence. RESULTS: An overall recurrence rate of 11% ( n=17) was
      observed. The risk for recurrence was not significantly affected by any of the
      clinical variables except for obesity ( P=0.03). Even when controlling for the
      influence of age, gender, hernia size, and surgical technique, obesity remained a
      significant predictor with a rate ratio of 1.10 per unit BMI (95%-CI: 1.02-1.18;
      P=0.01). CONCLUSION: This and other studies found hernia recurrence to be more
      likely in obese patients. Probably, such patients, therefore, should receive mesh
      rather than suture repair.

PMID- 13680308
TI  - Inguinal hernia on the internet: a critical comparison of Germany and the UK.
AB  - Despite containing an increasing amount of medical information, the Internet
      provides only rare benefits for surgical patients. Using "inguinal hernia" as a
      catchword, an amateur search was imitated on the British Internet market. Sixty
      five pages, standardised regarding quality and efficiency, were evaluated. A
      comparison to the German Internet market was added. In summary, the broad
      majority of the pages revealed poor results. Technical appearance, quality of
      content, and target grouping show big deficiencies. The applicable laws on the
      European market are not yet established. The ranking lists of the search engines
      do not reflect the quality of the pages. Patients need competent guides to
      process surgical information from the Internet. The establishment of specialised
      institutions to control surgical Web sites according to quality, content, and
      legality on the European level is urgent.

PMID- 13680309
TI  - Markovian chemicals "in silico" design (MARCH-INSIDE), a promising approach for
      computer-aided molecular design I: discovery of anticancer compounds.
AB  - A simple stochastic approach, designed to model the movement of electrons
      throughout chemical bonds, is introduced. This model makes use of a Markov matrix
      to codify useful structural information in QSAR. The self-return probabilities of
      this matrix throughout time ((SR)pi(k)) are then used as molecular descriptors.
      Firstly, a calculation of (SR)pi(k) is made for a large series of anticancer and
      non-anticancer chemicals. Then, k-Means Cluster Analysis allows us to split the
      data series into clusters and ensure a representative design of training and
      predicting series. Next, we develop a classification function through Linear
      Discriminant Analysis (LDA). This QSAR discriminates between anticancer compounds
      and non-active compounds with a correct global classification of 90.5% in the
      training series. The model also correctly classified 86.07% of the compounds in
      the predicting series. This classification function is then used to perform a
      virtual screening of a combinatorial library of coumarins. In this connection,
      the biological assay of some furocoumarins, selected by virtual screening using
      the present model, gives good results. In particular, a tetracyclic derivative of
      5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP) has an IC50 against HL-60 tumoral line around 6 to 10
      times lower than those for 8-MOP and 5-MOP (reference drugs), respectively.
      Finally, application of Iso-contribution Zone Analysis (IZA) provides structural
      interpretation of the biological activity predicted with this QSAR.

PMID- 13680310
TI  - Comment to: "Non-rigid immobilisation of odontoid fractures" by E. J. Muller et
      al.

PMID- 13680311
TI  - Interdisciplinary approach to balloon kyphoplasty in the treatment of
      osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.
AB  - Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) are associated with a series
      of clinical consequences leading to increased morbidity and even mortality. Early
      diagnosis and therapeutic intervention is desirable in order to remobilise
      patients and prevent further bone loss. Not all fractures are, however,
      sufficiently treatable by conservative measures. Here, vertebroplasty and
      kyphoplasty may provide immediate pain relief by minimally invasive fracture
      stabilisation. In cases of acute fractures, kyphoplasty has the potential to
      reduce kyphosis and restore the normal sagittal alignment of the spine. The
      complex nature of systemic osteoporosis, coupled with the intricate biomechanics
      of vertebral fractures, leads to a clinical setting which is ideally treated
      interdisciplinarily by the rheumatologist and spine surgeon.

PMID- 13680312
TI  - Overview of osteoporosis: pathophysiology and determinants of bone strength.
AB  - Recent advances in both the pharmacological and surgical treatment of
      osteoporosis and vertebral compression fractures offer exciting new options for
      elderly patients. However, these treatments should be considered only with an
      indepth knowledge of osteoporosis as a metabolic disorder with complex effects on
      bone, its homeostatic regulation, and vertebral strength. Bone homeostasis is
      under the influence of both endogenous hormonal changes and external mechanical
      loads resulting from physical activity. These impart their effects through
      regulation of the relative activities of bone cells, in particular osteoblasts
      and osteoclasts, which control bone deposition and resorption, respectively. The
      strength of a vertebra is directly influenced by the amount and relative
      proportions of its components, with bone mineral density a useful measure of
      fracture risk. The purpose of this article is to discuss these issues, among
      others, in order to offer the reader a better understanding of the
      pathophysiology of osteoporosis and the determinants of bone strength as they
      relate to the aging skeleton.

PMID- 13680313
TI  - Medical treatment of vertebral osteoporosis.
AB  - Although osteoporosis is a systemic disease, vertebral fractures due to spinal
      bone loss are a frequent, sometimes early and often neglected complication of the
      disease, generally associated with considerable disability and pain. As
      osteoporotic vertebral fractures are an important predictor of future fracture
      risk, including at the hip, medical management is targeted at reducing fracture
      risk. A literature search for randomized, double-blind, prospective, controlled
      clinical studies addressing medical treatment possibilities of vertebral
      fractures in postmenopausal Caucasian women was performed on the leading medical
      databases. For each publication, the number of patients with at least one new
      vertebral fracture and the number of randomized patients by treatment arm was
      retrieved. The relative risk (RR) and the number needed to treat (NNT, i.e. the
      number of patients to be treated to avoid one radiological vertebral fracture
      over the duration of the study), together with the respective 95% confidence
      intervals (95%CI) were calculated for each study. Treatment of steroid-induced
      osteoporosis and treatment of osteoporosis in men were reviewed separately, based
      on the low number of publications available. Forty-five publications matched with
      the search criteria, allowing for analysis of 15 different substances tested
      regarding their anti-fracture efficacy at the vertebral level. Bisphosphonates,
      mainly alendronate and risedronate, were reported to have consistently reduced
      the risk of a vertebral fracture over up to 50 months of treatment in four
      (alendronate) and two (risedronate) publications. Raloxifene reduced vertebral
      fracture risk in one study over 36 months, which was confirmed by 48 months'
      follow-up data. Parathormone (PTH) showed a drastic reduction in vertebral
      fracture risk in early studies, while calcitonin may also be a treatment option
      to reduce fracture risk. For other substances published data are conflicting
      (calcitriol, fluoride) or insufficient to conclude about efficacy (calcium,
      clodronate, etidronate, hormone replacement therapy, pamidronate, strontium,
      tiludronate, vitamin D). The low NNTs for the leading substances (ranges: 15-64
      for alendronate, 8-26 for risedronate, 23 for calcitonin and 28-31 for
      raloxifene) confirm that effective and efficient drug interventions for treatment
      and prevention of osteoporotic vertebral fractures are available. Bisphosphonates
      have demonstrated similar efficacy in treatment and prevention of steroid-induced
      and male osteoporosis as in postmenopausal osteoporosis. The selection of the
      appropriate drug for treatment of vertebral osteoporosis from among a
      bisphosphonate (alendronate or risedronate), PTH, calcitonin or raloxifene will
      mainly depend on the efficacy, tolerability and safety profile, together with the
      patient's willingness to comply with a long-term treatment. Although reduction of
      vertebral fracture risk is an important criterion for decision making, drugs with
      proven additional fracture risk reduction at all clinically relevant sites
      (especially at the hip) should be the preferred options.

PMID- 13680315
TI  - Lumbar spinal stenosis in the elderly: an overview.
AB  - Lumbar spinal stenosis is a common condition in elderly patients and also one of
      the most common reasons to perform spinal surgery at an advanced age. Disc
      degeneration, facet degeneration and hypertrophy, and ligamentum flavum
      hypertrophy and calcification usually participate in the genesis of a stenotic
      condition in the elderly. These changes can lead to symptoms by themselves or
      decompensate a preexisting narrow canal. Although some lesions are more central
      or more lateral, this classic dichotomy is less present in the elderly patient,
      in whom the degenerative process usually encroaches both central and lateral
      pathways. Some less common causes of lumbar spinal stenosis are found in the
      aging subject, such as Paget's disease. However, it must be stressed that so
      called stenotic images (sometimes severe) are present on imaging studies in a
      great number of symptom-free individuals, and that the relationship between
      degenerative lesions, importance of abnormal images, and complaints is still
      unclear. Lumbar stenosis is a very common reason for decompressive surgery and/or
      fusion. Various conditions can lead to a narrowing of the neural pathways and
      differential diagnosis with vascular troubles, also common in the elderly, can be
      challenging. The investigation of stenotic symptoms should be extremely careful
      and thorough and include a choice of technical examinations including vascular
      investigations. This is of utmost importance, especially if a surgical sanction
      is considered to avoid disappointing results.

PMID- 13680314
TI  - Anterior decompression for cervical spondylotic myelopathy.
AB  - Cervical spondylotic myelopathy is a clinical entity that manifests itself due to
      compression and ischemia of the spinal cord. The goal of treatment is to
      decompress the spinal cord and stabilize the spine in neutral, anatomical
      position. Since the obstruction and compression of the cord are localized in
      front of the cord, it is obvious that an anterior surgical approach is the
      preferred one. The different surgical procedures, complications, and outcome are
      discussed here.

PMID- 13680316
TI  - Recognizing and reporting osteoporotic vertebral fractures.
AB  - Vertebral fractures are the hallmark of osteoporosis, and occur with a higher
      incidence earlier in life than any other type of osteoporotic fractures. It has
      been shown that both symptomatic and asymptomatic vertebral fractures are
      associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Morbidity associated with
      these fractures includes decreased physical function and social isolation, which
      have a significant impact on the patient's overall quality of life. Since the
      majority of vertebral fractures do not come to clinical attention, radiographic
      diagnosis is considered to be the best way to identify and confirm the presence
      of osteoporotic vertebral fractures in clinical practice. Traditionally,
      conventional lateral radiographs of the thoracolumbar spine have been visually
      evaluated by radiologists or clinicians to identify vertebral fractures. The two
      most widely used methods to determine the severity of such fractures in clinical
      research are the semiquantitative assessment of vertebral deformities, which is
      based on visual evaluation, and the quantitative approach, which is based on
      different morphometric criteria. In our practice for osteoporosis evaluation we
      use the Genant semiquantitative approach: an accurate and reproducible method
      tested and applied in many clinical studies. The newest generation of fan-beam
      DXA systems delivering "high-resolution" lateral spine images offers a potential
      practical alternative to radiographs for clinical vertebral fracture analysis.
      The advantages of using DXA over conventional radiographic devices are its
      minimal radiation exposure and high-speed image acquisition. It also allows
      combined evaluation of vertebral fracture status and bone mass density, which
      could become a standard for patient evaluation in osteoporosis. The disadvantage
      of DXA use is that upper thoracic vertebrae cannot be evaluated in a substantial
      number of patients due to poor imaging quality. We truly believe that the that
      there is a major role for radiologists and clinicians alike to carefully assess
      and diagnose vertebral fractures using standardized grading schemes such as the
      one outlined in this review. Quantitative morphometry is useful in the context of
      epidemiological studies and clinical drug trials; however, the studies would be
      flawed if quantitative morphometry were to be performed in isolation without
      additional adjudication by a trained and highly experienced radiologist or
      clinician.

PMID- 13680317
TI  - Biomechanics of the aging spine.
AB  - The human spine is composed of highly specific tissues and structures, which
      together provide the extensive range of motion and considerable load carrying
      capacity required for the physical activities of daily life. Alterations to the
      form and composition of the individual structures of the spine with increasing
      age can increase the risk of injury and can have a profound influence on the
      quality of life. Cancellous bone forms the structural framework of the vertebral
      body. Individual trabeculae are oriented along the paths of principal forces and
      play a crucial role in the transfer of the predominantly compressive forces along
      the spine. Age-related changes to the cancellous core of the vertebra includes a
      loss of bone mineral density, as well as morphological changes including
      trabecular thinning, increased intratrabecular spacing, and loss of connectivity
      between trabeculae. Material and morphological changes may lead to an increased
      risk of vertebral fracture. The vertebral endplate serves the dual role of
      containing the adjacent disc and evenly distributing applied loads to the
      underlying cancellous bone and the cortex of the vertebra. With aging, thinning
      of the endplate, and loss of bone mineral density increases the risk of endplate
      fracture. Ossification of the endplate may have consequences for the nutritional
      supply and hydration of the intervertebral disc. The healthy intervertebral disc
      provides mobility to the spine and transfers load via hydrostatic pressurization
      of the hydrated nucleus pulposus. Changes to the tissue properties of the disc,
      including dehydration and reorganization of the nucleus and stiffening of the
      annulus fibrosus, markedly alter the mechanics of load transfer in the spine.
      There is no direct correlation between degenerative changes to the disc and to
      the adjacent vertebral bodies. Furthermore, advancing age is not the sole factor
      in the degeneration of the spine. Further study is crucial for understanding the
      unique biomechanical function of the aging spine.

PMID- 13680318
TI  - Bisphosphonates in osteoporosis.
AB  - Bisphosphonates are compounds characterized by a P-C-P structure. They act
      essentially on bone, inhibiting bone resorption. Through this mechanism they
      decrease bone loss, increase bone mineral density, and decrease bone turnover.
      They are therefore administered in diseases with elevated bone destruction, such
      as Paget's disease, metastatic bone disease, and osteoporosis. In the latter they
      diminish both vertebral and nonvertebral fractures. The adverse events are few,
      mostly gastrointestinal, and can be avoided to a large extent by correct
      administration. Since there are no other compounds available which have a similar
      profile, they represent today the drugs of choice in the treatment and the
      secondary prevention of osteoporosis.

PMID- 13680319
TI  - Expression profiling of up-regulated plant and fungal genes in early and late
      stages of Medicago truncatula-Glomus mosseae interactions.
AB  - Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH), expression profiling and EST
      sequencing identified 12 plant genes and six fungal genes that are expressed in
      the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis between Medicago truncatula and Glomus
      mosseae. All the plant genes and three of the fungal genes were up-regulated in
      symbiotic tissues. Expression of 15 of the genes is described for the first time
      in mycorrhizal roots and two are novel sequences. Six M. truncatula genes were
      also activated during appressorium formation at the root surface, suggesting a
      role in this early stage of mycorrhiza establishment, whilst the other six plant
      genes were only induced in the late stages of mycorrhization and could be
      involved in the development or functioning of the symbiosis. Phosphate
      fertilization had no significant influence on expression of any of the plant
      genes. Expression profiling of G. mosseae genes indicated that two of them may be
      associated with appressorium development on roots and one with arbuscule
      formation or function. The other three fungal genes were expressed throughout the
      life-cycle of G. mosseae.

PMID- 13680320
TI  - Quality of life aspects in kidney cancer patients: data from a national registry.
AB  - GOALS: We investigated quality of life aspects, including health-related quality
      of life, psychological functioning, relationship issues and sexual functioning in
      kidney cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted an anonymous, cross
      sectional survey of a random sample of patients with kidney cancer from a
      national database. A questionnaire was mailed to 301 members of the Kidney Cancer
      Association. The questionnaire included demographics, medical history, the Watts
      Sexual Function Questionnaire (WSFQ), the SF-12 Health Survey, the Center for
      Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and the Revised Dyadic Adjustment
      Scale (RDAS). RESULTS: Of the 266 eligible participants, 84 (33%) returned the
      questionnaire. The mean ages of the respondents were 57.5 and 57.9 years for men
      and women, respectively. Overall, the total WSFQ scores as well as the four
      domain scores (desire, arousal, orgasm and satisfaction) were similar in men and
      women, and lower than in female breast cancer and male hypertensive populations
      reported in the literature, indicating relatively worse sexual function. While
      subjects reported health-related quality of life and relationship scores similar
      to the general population, 51% of men and 57% of women reported depressive
      symptoms (CES-D >/=16). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study in which sexual
      function in patients with renal cancer has been addressed. While most patients
      remain sexually active in non-distressed relationships, many reported depressive
      symptoms, and sexual functioning may be worse than in comparable chronically ill
      populations. Quality of life and sexual function issues should be addressed when
      counseling urological cancer patients.

PMID- 13680321
TI  - Implementation of the Vienna Hydrotherapy Group for Laryngectomees--a pilot
      study.
AB  - GOALS: Laryngectomy involves several problems for the individual, such as the
      need to cope with a stoma, adjustment to tracheostomal breathing, and the
      formation of a voice. Contact with water, resulting in aspiration, may prove
      fatal for laryngectomized patients in the absence of appropriate aids. The aim of
      this pilot study was to conduct a hydrotherapy group for laryngectomized patients
      and to evaluate its feasibility and outcome in relation to the goals of therapy.
      PATIENTS AND METHODS: Six male patients who had undergone laryngectomy were
      included in a pilot study. The patients underwent a structured hydrotherapy
      rehabilitation program (three times a week for 8 weeks), using a special
      underwater therapy device. The patients' posture was controlled by posturography
      and their endurance capacity by standard ergometry and the 6-min walk. The
      parameters of fatigue, expectoration, mobility, elasticity/flexibility, postural
      control/coordination, and general well being were registered on a visual analog
      scale (VAS). Quality of life was assessed by having the patients fill out the
      German version of the SF-36 Health Survey. MAIN RESULTS: Posturograpy findings
      showed an improvement of two subtests ( p<0.028). Exercise testing showed an
      improved endurance capacity ( p<0.028). The patients were able to walk a greater
      distance in the 6-min walking test ( p<0.028). The VAS also showed an improvement
      of endurance capacity ( p<0.028), fatigue ( p<0.028), expectoration ( p<0.043),
      mobility of the neck and shoulder ( p<0.027), flexibility ( p<0.027), postural
      control and coordination ( p<0.028), and general well being ( p<0.028). On the SF
      36 Health Survey, the patients were improved in the items "Physical functioning"
      ( p<0.027), "Vitality" ( p<0.027) "Role-physical" ( p<0.026), and "Social
      functioning" ( p<0.043). CONCLUSIONS: A hydrotherapy group for laryngectomized
      patients proved to be safe, feasible, and effective in this pilot study.

PMID- 13680322
TI  - Cost-effectiveness of the bird's nest filter for preventing pulmonary embolism
      among patients with malignant brain tumors and deep venous thrombosis of the
      lower extremities.
AB  - Patients with malignant brain tumors and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of the
      lower extremities are at high risk of developing pulmonary embolism (PE). We
      developed a Markov model to compare the cost-effectiveness of two strategies to
      prevent PE in such patients: intra-vena-caval bird's nest filter (BNF) with
      anticoagulation versus anticoagulation alone. Using the benchmark of 50,000 US
      dollars per quality-adjusted life year (QALY), BNF was not cost-effective in this
      population as it reduced the rate of PE at an incremental cost-effectiveness
      ratio of 198,852 dollars per QALY gained. However, after adjusting the model to
      reflect the 5-year mortality rate of hypothetical breast cancer patients, BNF was
      more effective and less expensive than anticoagulation alone. BNF was effective
      in reducing the rate of PE but was not cost-effective for patients with brain
      tumors. BNF could be cost-effective for patients with longer life expectancies.

PMID- 13680323
TI  - Caspofungin salvage therapy in a neutropenic patient with probable invasive
      aspergillosis: a case report.
AB  - A 47-year-old man with acute lymphocytic leukemia was admitted in intensive care
      unit (ICU) because of respiratory failure. He had febrile neutropenia and
      probable invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IA). Amphotericin B renal toxicity and
      clinical deterioration prompted a shift to caspofungin and resulted in a
      successful response.

PMID- 13680324
TI  - Voriconazole for invasive aspergillosis in oncohematological patients: a single
      center pediatric experience.
AB  - Voriconazole is a new triazole active orally and parenterally that recently
      proved effective in the treatment of invasive aspergillosis and in empirical
      antifungal therapy for persistently febrile neutropenic patients. Limited data
      are available for pediatric patients. We report our experience with voriconazole
      in seven children with invasive aspergillosis, i.e., four girls and three boys
      with a median age of 5 (range 2-13) years affected by acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia (3), acute myeloid leukemia (2), refractory anemia with excess of blasts
      (1), and severe aplastic anemia (1). First-line therapy in all patients was
      liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome) administered at a dosage of 3-5 mg/kg day.
      Voriconazole was administered for a median 8 (range 2-15) weeks. Response was
      complete and partial in two patients, respectively, stable in one, and there was
      no response (failure) in two. The voriconazole treatment was well tolerated. Four
      patients died-two of progressive aspergillosis. Three patients are alive and well
      6, 5, and 4 months after the diagnosis of aspergillosis. Voriconazole appears to
      be an effective salvage treatment for invasive aspergillosis in pediatric
      patients, with good responses in patients who recover from neutropenia or are not
      relapsing.

PMID- 13680325
TI  - Vaccination of autologous stem cell transplant recipients with live varicella
      vaccine: a pilot study.
AB  - A pilot study of vaccination with live, attenuated varicella vaccine for
      prevention of zoster was performed in autologous stem cell transplant (SCT)
      recipients. Nine patients were vaccinated between 3-4 months after
      transplantation. The antigen-specific immune response was studied by lymphocyte
      proliferation. No systemic side effects were seen. One of nine patients developed
      herpes zoster HZ during follow-up. There was a tendency for a strengthened
      specific immune response after SCT ( p=0.12). This pilot study shows that
      vaccination with live, attenuated varicella vaccine can be performed safely 3-4
      months after autologous stem cell transplantation. Additional studies are needed
      to assess efficacy of this approach in the prevention of HZ.

PMID- 13680326
TI  - Prune-belly anomalies in a girl with Down syndrome.
AB  - We report the first case of a girl born to a diabetic mother who was found to
      have Down syndrome and prune-belly anomalies (bilateral gross hydronephrosis,
      megaureter, and megacystis with abdominal muscle deficiency). The girl also had
      an atrioventricular septal defect. Diagnoses were confirmed with a cytogenetic
      study and micturating cystourethrography. She died at 29 days of age with a
      sudden collapse, most likely due to sepsis.

PMID- 13680327
TI  - Hemolytic uremic syndrome linked to infectious mononucleosis.
AB  - A 12-month-old boy developed a mild hemolytic uremic syndrome with no acute
      diarrheal prodrome. The typical clinical, hematological, and serological features
      of infectious mononucleosis were also noted. The clinical course of both
      hemolytic uremic syndrome and infectious mononucleosis was uneventful. A review
      of the literature disclosed that hemolytic uremic syndrome has been noted in two
      adolescents with infectious mononucleosis.

PMID- 13680328
TI  - Early treatment with oral immunosuppressants in severe proteinuric purpura
      nephritis.

PMID- 13680329
TI  - Intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide--is it effective in children with steroid
      resistant nephrotic syndrome?
AB  - Treatment of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) remains a challenge to
      pediatric nephrologists. Recently, intravenous cyclophosphamide (IV-CPM) infusion
      was shown to be effective, safe, and economical for the treatment of SRNS,
      particularly minimal change disease (MCD), as it results in more sustained
      remissions, longer periods without proteinuria, and fewer significant side
      effects at a lower cumulative dose. A prospective study was conducted to evaluate
      IV-CPM infusions in the management of children with SRNS secondary to MCD or IgM
      nephropathy. Five patients with SRNS (4 IgM nephropathy and 1 MCD) received six
      monthly IV-CPM infusions at a dose of 500 mg/m(2). No patient achieved complete
      or sustained remission. Three patients attained partial remission, which was not
      sustained for more than 1 month post therapy. One patient progressed rapidly to
      end-stage renal disease during treatment. Side effects included vomiting in four
      patients and alopecia in one patient. CONCLUSION: IV-CPM pulse therapy at a dose
      of 500 mg/m(2) is unsuccessful in obtaining complete or sustained remission in
      children with SRNS secondary to IGM nephropathy or MCD. Further randomized
      controlled studies with higher doses are required.

PMID- 13680330
TI  - Autonomic dysfunction in uremia assessed by heart rate variability.
AB  - Decreased heart rate variability is an independent risk factor for cardiac
      mortality in hemodialysis patients. Our aim was to determine whether it is
      already present in uremic children and young adults on hemodialysis and following
      renal transplantation. Twenty-two hemodialysis patients [age 17.2 years (median,
      quartiles 13.0-22.6)], 22 transplant patients [18.4 years (14.4-21.2)], and 29
      healthy controls [16.4 years (15.7-21.1)] were examined. Heart rate and its high
      (HF) and low (LF) frequency variability were measured in the supine position for
      10 min. High and low frequency variability was significantly reduced, whereas
      heart rate and LF/HF ratio was significantly elevated in both patient groups
      compared with controls. There was a clear-cut difference between the dialyzed and
      the transplanted groups based on the HF variability, with the lowest values in
      the dialysis group ( P<0.01). LF and LF/HF data did not allow us to distinguish
      between the patient groups. In conclusion, heart rate variability in the HF range
      is a sensitive tool for detecting cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction that is
      already present in children and adolescents with impaired kidney function.

PMID- 13680331
TI  - The risk of recurrence of hemolytic uremic syndrome after renal transplantation
      in children.
AB  - We reviewed the literature to analyze the risk of recurrence of hemolytic uremic
      syndrome (HUS) after renal transplantation in children. Among 118 children
      transplanted after post-diarrheal (D+) HUS, 1 (0.8%) had recurrence with graft
      loss. Among 63 children transplanted after HUS not associated with a prodrome of
      diarrhea (D-) of unknown mechanism, 13 (21%) had recurrence with graft loss. Of
      11 patients with HUS associated with factor H deficiency who were transplanted, 5
      lost the graft because of recurrence. Of 7 patients with HUS associated with
      normal factor H concentration but mutations in factor H gene who were
      transplanted, probably 2 had recurrence. Three patients with HUS associated with
      low serum C3, but no factor H deficiency or mutation lost their graft because of
      recurrence. The risk of recurrence in the autosomal recessive forms of HUS of
      unknown mechanism is not documented in children, but is around 60% in adults. A
      similar risk has been reported in the autosomal dominant forms. The only
      transplant patient with a constitutional deficiency of von Willebrand factor
      cleaving protease had recurrence. Further efforts to document the post-transplant
      course of patients with D- HUS and progress in the understanding of the
      mechanisms and genetics of the disease are needed to allow more accurate
      prediction of the recurrence risk and to define therapeutic approaches.

PMID- 13680332
TI  - Diagnosis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura: renal or skin biopsy?
AB  - Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) is a form of systemic vasculitis characterized by
      vascular wall deposits of predominantly IgA, typically involving small vessels in
      skin, gut, and glomeruli and associated with purpura, intestinal colic,
      hematuria, and arthralgia or arthritis. HSP nephritis leads to chronic renal
      failure in up to 20% of pediatric patients after 20 years of follow-up in
      selected series. The risk is related to the initial clinical presentation and is
      maximal (more than 50%) when initial signs are a combination of nephrotic and
      nephritic syndromes. Although less important, the risk persists for mild renal
      symptoms or when the patient has apparently completely recovered from the renal
      disease. Other types of non-IgA-related leukocytoclastic vasculitis may be
      difficult to discriminate from HSP, thus confounding the diagnosis. The clinical
      picture of HSP is often incomplete and renal signs can become manifest years
      after initial signs. When based on clinical signs only, the diagnosis of HSP can
      therefore be missed, and some patients risk developing silent chronic renal
      failure after decades without appropriate treatment. Patients can also be
      overdiagnosed as HSP and thus submitted to unnecessary follow-up. It is therefore
      important that HSP should be correctly diagnosed from the initial signs. As the
      finding of IgA deposits in vessel walls associated with the characteristic signs
      of small-vessel vasculitis is a sine qua non in the diagnosis, a skin biopsy
      should be performed for histological and immunofluorescence studies in cases of
      clinical suspicion of HSP. The systematic diagnostic use of a cutaneous biopsy
      should not only improve the follow-up of patients with HSP but will also allow a
      reliable epidemiological study of vasculitis in children and a better knowledge
      of the disease.

PMID- 13680333
TI  - Remission of membranoproliferative nephritis with angiotensin converting enzyme
      inhibition and receptor blockade.

PMID- 13680334
TI  - Model description of bacterial 3-methylcatechol production in one- and two-phase
      systems.
AB  - Pseudomonas putida MC2 produces 3-methylcatechol from toluene in aqueous medium.
      A second phase of 1-octanol may improve total product accumulation. To optimise
      the design of such a biphasic process, a process model was developed, both for
      one- and two-phase applications. The insights obtained by the model predictions
      showed the importance of different process parameters (like growth substrate
      concentration and partition coefficient) on growth of biomass, accumulation of 3
      methylcatechol and processing time. For future applications, the process model
      can be used to ensure enough extraction capacity from aqueous to octanol phase.
      It is a useful tool to define the optimum process conditions, depending on the
      desired optimisation parameter: product concentration or processing time.

PMID- 13680335
TI  - Dynamical modelling of a waste stabilisation pond.
AB  - This paper is concerned with the dynamical modelling and the parameter
      identification of a waste stabilisation pond. First, a dynamical model of the
      pond is proposed, based on mass balances in the first basin. It involves a
      reaction network involving eight (bio)chemical reactions, and in particular the
      (chemical or biochemical) oxidation of H(2)S. The height of the pond is divided
      into two layers: the upper layer (approximate depth: 0.8 m), and the lower layer
      (about 0.2 m). Three microorganism populations are considered: microalgae and
      aerobic bacteria (in the upper layer), and sulphate-reducing anaerobic bacteria
      (in the lower layer). The Droop model is introduced to emphasise the potential
      activity of microalgae when daylight has disappeared (sunset). The transport of
      organic matter between the two layers is also considered in the model. The
      derivation is based on collected data and intensive follow-up of a specific pond
      at the village of Rethondes in Northern France. The parameters of the model are
      then identified on the basis of these data by considering data in spring, summer
      and autumn. The calibration of the model parameters is a challenging problem
      because of the large number of parameters, the limited number of available
      experimental data and the model complexity. The objective in the identification
      procedure was thus limited to obtain the largest number of unique values for the
      parameters in the three instances.

PMID- 13680336
TI  - Bioprocess control from a multivariate process trajectory.
AB  - A multivariate bioprocess control approach, capable of tracking a pre-set process
      trajectory correlated to the biomass or product concentration in the bioprocess
      is described. The trajectory was either a latent variable derived from
      multivariate statistical process monitoring (MSPC) based on partial least squares
      (PLS) modeling, or the absolute value of the process variable. In the control
      algorithm the substrate feed pump rate was calculated from on-line analyzer data.
      The only parameters needed were the substrate feed concentration and the
      substrate yield of the growth-limiting substrate. On-line near-infrared
      spectroscopy data were used to demonstrate the performance of the control
      algorithm on an Escherichia coli fed-batch cultivation for tryptophan production.
      The controller showed good ability to track a defined biomass trajectory during
      varying process dynamics. The robustness of the control was high, despite
      significant external disturbances on the cultivation and control parameters.

PMID- 13680337
TI  - Modelling of ex vivo expansion/maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells.
AB  - In this study, we described the modelling of the expansion/maintenance of human
      hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells from adult human bone marrow. CD 34(+)
      enriched cell populations from bone marrow were cultured in the presence and
      absence of human stroma in serum-free media containing bFGF, SCF, LIF and Flt-3
      ligand for several days. The cells in the culture were analysed for expansion and
      phenotype by flow cytometry. Although significant expansion of bone marrow
      cultures occurred in the presence and absence of human stroma, the results of
      expansion were effectively better in the presence of a stromal layer. In both
      situations the phenotypic analysis demonstrated a great expansion of CD 34(+)38(
      ) cells. The differentiative potential of bone marrow CD 34(+) cells co-cultured
      with human stroma was primarily shifted towards the myeloid lineage with the
      presence of CD 15 and CD 33.

PMID- 13680338
TI  - Study of recombinant micro-organism populations characterized by their plasmid
      content per cell using a segregated model.
AB  - Numerous observations from recombinant systems have shown that properties such as
      the specific cell growth rate and the plasmid-free cell formation rate are
      related, not only to the average plasmid content per cell, but also to the
      plasmid distribution within a population. The plasmid distribution in recombinant
      cultures can have an effect on the culture productivity that cannot be modelled
      using average values of the overall culture. The prediction of the behaviour of a
      plasmid content distribution and its causes and effects can only be studied using
      segregated models. A segregated model that describes populations of recombinant
      cells characterized by their plasmid content distribution has been developed.
      This model includes critical causes of recombinant culture instability such as
      the plasmid partition mechanism at cell division, plasmid replication kinetics
      and the effect of the plasmid content on the specific growth rate. The segregated
      model allows investigation of the effect of each of these causes and that of the
      plasmid content distribution on the observable behaviour of a recombinant
      culture. The effect of two partitioning mechanisms (Gaussian distribution and
      binomial distribution) on culture stability was investigated. The Gaussian
      distribution is slightly more stable. A small plasmid replication rate constant
      results in a very unstable culture even after short periods of time. This
      instability is dramatically improved for a larger value of this constant, hence
      improving protein synthesis. For a very narrow initial plasmid distribution, a
      given plasmid replication rate and partitioning mechanism can become broad even
      after a relatively short period of time. In contrast, a very "broad" initial
      distribution gave rise to a "Gamma-like" distribution profile. If we compare the
      results obtained in the simulations of the segregated model with those of the non
      segregated one (average model), the latter model predicts much more stable
      behaviour, thus these average models cannot predict culture instability with the
      same precision. When compared with the experimental results, the segregated model
      was able to predict the practical behaviour with accuracy even in a system with a
      high plasmid content per cell and a high rate of plasmid-free cell formation
      which could not be achieved with a non-segregated model.

PMID- 13680339
TI  - Recovery of lactic acid from simultaneous saccharification and fermentation media
      using anion exchange resins.
AB  - The physicochemical properties (capacity, kinetics and selectivity) of the ion
      exchange resins Amberlite IRA900, IRA400, IRA96 and IRA67 were determined to
      evaluate their comparative suitability for lactic acid recovery. Both the
      kinetics of lactic acid sorption from aqueous solutions and the equilibrium were
      assessed using mathematical models, which provided a close interpretation of the
      experimental results. The best resins (Amberlite IRA96 and IRA67) were employed
      in further fixed-bed operation using aqueous lactic acid solutions as feed. In
      this set of experiments, parameters such as capacity, regenerant consumption,
      percentage of lactic acid recovery and product concentration were measured.
      Amberlite IRA67, a weak base resin, was selected for lactic acid recovery from
      SSF (simultaneous saccharification and fermentation) broths. Owing to the
      presence of nutrients and ions other than lactate, a slightly decreased capacity
      was determined when using SSF media instead aqueous lactic acid solutions, but
      quantitative lactic acid recoveries at constant capacities were obtained in four
      sequential load/regeneration cycles.

PMID- 13680340
TI  - The application of a Pareto optimisation method in the design of an integrated
      bioprocess.
AB  - A rapid method for designing integrated bioprocesses, using a combination of a
      windows of operation and a Pareto optimisation approach, is described in this
      paper. Within bioprocesses, multiple objectives are common, and achieving a
      satisfactory trade-off amongst the design objectives is crucial. Conventional
      optimisation results in the identification of the best operating policy for a
      given desired performance but gives little insight into how the process
      performance changes in the vicinity of the solution. In this paper, we explore
      the use of a Pareto optimisation technique to locate the optimal conditions for
      an integrated bioprocessing sequence and the benefits of first reducing the
      feasible space by the development of a series of windows of operation to provide
      a smaller search area for the optimisation. The final results are then presented
      in performance trade-off graphs and look-up tables, which give the design
      engineer an easily manageable solution set to work with. In this way, the
      decision-making procedure for design is made faster and more transparent. Two
      case studies illustrate the results from this integrated design methodology, some
      of which are counter-intuitive compared with the general design experience.

PMID- 13680341
TI  - Morphological analysis of Yarrowia lipolytica under stress conditions through
      image processing.
AB  - Stress conditions (thermal and oxidative) were applied to Yarrowia lipolytica
      culture. A rearrangement in cell metabolism as well as dimorphism was observed
      under these conditions. An image analysis procedure was employed for morphology
      characterization, and a net increase of around 25% on hyphae formation was
      detected. A significant increment in total hyphal length was detected, compared
      with the control system. The results obtained lead to the consideration of a
      possible relationship between dimorphism and a cell response mechanism to stress
      conditions.

PMID- 13680342
TI  - kLa determination: comparative study for a gas mass balance method.
AB  - The determination of k(L) a by a gas balance method coupled with sulphite
      oxidation is compared for three kinds of processes (stirred tank, bubble column
      and fixed-bed column reactors) with a gassing-in and with a classical chemical
      sulphite oxidation method. The mathematical relations required for the
      determination of the k(L) a value are detailed. In coalescing gas-liquid
      conditions, the values calculated by the three methods are shown to be
      comparable. The gas balance method is more rapid than either the steady-state
      gassing-in or the chemical sulphite reaction rate measurement methods. It is also
      well adapted for three-phase systems (gas-liquid-solid) in which the non
      coalescing effects of sulphite solution are reduced by solid interferences.

PMID- 13680343
TI  - Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates by mixed microbial cultures.
AB  - Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biodegradable bioplastics formed from renewable
      resources, like sugars, with similar characteristics of polypropylene. These
      bioplastics are industrially produced by pure cultures using expensive pure
      substrates. These factors lead to a much higher selling price of PHAs compared to
      petroleum-based plastics, like polypropylene. The use of mixed cultures and cheap
      substrates (waste materials) can reduce costs of PHA production by more than 50%.
      Storage of PHAs by mixed populations occurs under transient conditions mainly
      caused by discontinuous feeding and variation in the electron donor/acceptor
      presence. In the last years the mechanisms of storage, metabolism and kinetics of
      mixed cultures have been studied. The maximum capacity of PHA storage and
      production rate is dependent on the substrate and on the operating conditions
      used. In this paper an overview and discussion of various mechanisms and
      processes for PHA production by mixed cultures is presented.

PMID- 13680344
TI  - Monitoring filamentous bulking in activated sludge systems fed by synthetic or
      municipal wastewater.
AB  - The stability with respect to filamentous bulking of two activated sludge fully
      aerobic systems, one with a completely mixed tank and one with a channel reactor,
      fed either by a synthetic wastewater or by a primary-settled municipal
      wastewater, of variable composition and flow rate, has been investigated. The
      morphological characteristics of the biomass in terms of floc size and roughness
      and of filamentous bacteria abundance have been monitored by image analysis.
      Severe bulking was only observed in the well-mixed tank fed at a constant flow
      rate by synthetic substrate of constant concentration, when the channel reactor
      fed in a similar manner was fully stable. Variations of biomass characteristics
      as well as of settling properties were observed on both systems fed with the real
      wastewater, but these events were related to the characteristics of the
      wastewater, as similar changes were observed on the full-scale plant fed with the
      same substrate. In any case, automated image analysis was an efficient way to
      monitor in detail the fate of the activated sludge at pilot and full scale.

PMID- 13680345
TI  - The relationship between species richness and productivity in metazoan parasite
      communities.
AB  - Biodiversity is not distributed homogeneously in space, and it often covaries
      with productivity. The shape of the relationship between diversity and
      productivity, however, varies from a monotonic linear increase to a hump-shaped
      curve with maximum diversity values corresponding to intermediate productivity.
      The system studied and the spatial scale of study may affect this relationship.
      Parasite communities are useful models to test the productivity-diversity
      relationship because they consist of species belonging to a restricted set of
      higher taxa common to all host species. Using total parasite biovolume per host
      individual as a surrogate for community productivity, we tested the relationship
      between productivity and species richness among assemblages of metazoan parasites
      in 131 vertebrate host species. Across all host species, we found a linear
      relationship between total parasite biovolume and parasite species richness, with
      no trace of a hump-shaped curve. This result remained after corrections for the
      potential confounding effect of the number of host individuals examined per host
      species, host body mass, and phylogenetic relationships among host species.
      Although weaker, the linear relationship remained when the analyses were
      performed within the five vertebrate groups (fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals
      and birds) instead of across all host species. These findings agree with the
      classic isolationist-interactive continuum of parasite communities that has
      become widely accepted in parasite ecology. They also suggest that parasite
      communities are not saturated with species, and that the addition of new species
      will result in increased total parasite biovolume per host. If the number of
      parasite species exploiting a host population is not regulated by processes
      arising from within the parasite community, external factors such as host
      characteristics may be the main determinants of parasite diversity.

PMID- 13680346
TI  - Ecological mechanisms for coexistence of colour polymorphism in a coral-reef
      fish: an experimental evaluation.
AB  - The evolution of different colour morphs and how they are maintained in animal
      populations is poorly understood. We investigated the mechanisms maintaining
      yellow and brown morphs of a coral-reef fish, Pseudochromis fuscus, at Lizard
      Island, on the Great Barrier Reef. Histological examination of the gonads
      revealed that colour morphs were not sex-limited, therefore sexual selection does
      not appear to promote dichromatism in this species. The field distributions of
      the two colour morphs were spatially segregated, limiting the opportunity for
      negative frequency-dependent selection to operate. Our results support another
      ecological mechanism of coexistence. The yellow morph occurred in deeper areas,
      usually close to the reef edge, where there was a proportionally high cover of
      live branching corals. In contrast, the brown morph occurred in shallower areas,
      more distant from the reef edge, that were proportionally low in live branching
      corals. Within these habitats, each colour morph of P. fuscus displayed a close
      association with similar coloured damselfishes from the genus Pomacentrus. The
      yellow morph was associated with predominantly yellow damselfishes (P.
      moluccensis and P. amboinensis) and the brown morph with darker coloured species
      (P. adelus and P. chrysurus). Multiple-choice experiments in the laboratory
      revealed that: (1) each colour morph of P. fuscus preferentially selected habitat
      patches occupied by damselfishes with the same colouration; and (2) differences
      in microhabitat use between the two colour morphs of P. fuscus were due to the
      presence of different coloured damselfishes in these microhabitats. P. fuscus is
      a predator of newly recruited damselfishes and the striking resemblance between
      each morph of P. fuscus and the damselfish with which it was associated, suggests
      that aggressive mimicry may promote coexistence of P. fuscus colour morphs.

PMID- 13680347
TI  - Carbon dioxide and methane fluxes in boreal peatland microcosms with different
      vegetation cover--effects of ozone or ultraviolet-B exposure.
AB  - O(3) concentrations in the troposphere are rising and those in the stratosphere
      decreasing, the latter resulting in higher fluxes of solar ultraviolet-B (UV-B)
      radiation to the earth's surface. We assessed whether the fluxes of CO(2) and
      CH(4) are altered by enhanced UV-B radiation or elevated tropospheric O(3)
      concentrations in boreal peatland microcosms (core depth 40 cm, diameter 10.5 cm)
      with different vegetation cover. At the end of the UV-B experiment which lasted
      for a growing season, net CO(2) exchange (NEE) and dark ecosystem respiration (
      R(TOT)) were sevenfold higher, and CH(4) efflux 12-fold higher, in microcosms
      with intact vegetation dominated by Eriophorum vaginatum L. and Sphagnum spp.,
      compared to microcosms from which we removed E. vaginatum. Vegetation treatment
      had minor effects on CH(4) production and consumption potentials in the peat,
      suggesting that the large difference in CH(4) efflux is mainly due to efficient
      CH(4) transport via the aerenchyma of E. vaginatum. Ambient UV-B supplemented
      with 30% and elevated O(3) concentrations (100 and 200 ppb, for 7 weeks)
      significantly increased R(TOT) in both vegetation treatments. Elevated O(3)
      concentrations reduced NEE over time, while UV-B had no clear effects on the
      fluxes of CO(2) or CH(4) in the cloudy summer of the study. Field experiments are
      needed to assess the significance of increasing UV-B radiation and elevated
      tropospheric O(3) concentration on peatland gas exchange in the long-term.

PMID- 13680348
TI  - The resource economics of chemical and structural defenses across nitrogen supply
      gradients.
AB  - In order to better understand the role of nutrient supplies in determining the
      prevalence of plant defense types, we investigated the theoretical relationships
      between ecosystem N supply and the net C gain of shoots that were undefended or
      defended in one of three ways: (1) by N-free chemical compounds, (2) by N
      containing chemical compounds, or (3) by structural defenses. By extending
      economic models of shoot resource balance to include the relative value of C and
      N, depreciation, and amortization, we were able to show that the relative net C
      gain of the three defense types were similar to changes in their generally
      understood abundance along an N supply gradient. At low N supply, the additional
      C acquired when investing C in defense is much higher than investing N in
      defenses. Only at high N supply is it better to invest large quantities of N in
      defense rather than additional photosynthesis. In a sensitivity analysis, net C
      gain of shoots was most sensitive to factors that affect the relative value of C
      and N and the rate of herbivory. Although there is support for the relative value
      of C and N influencing defense strategies, more research is necessary to
      understand why tannins are not more prevalent at high N supply and why moderate
      amounts of N-based defenses are not used at low N supply.

PMID- 13680349
TI  - The relationship between relative growth rate and susceptibility to aphids in
      wild barley under different nutrient levels.
AB  - The Resource Availability Hypothesis (RAH) states that plants with a low Relative
      Growth Rate (RGR) and high levels of defence against herbivores or pathogens are
      favoured in habitats with low resource availability, whereas plants with a high
      potential RGR and low levels of defence are favoured in environments with high
      resource availability. High levels of defence are expected to result in lower
      reproduction and/or growth of the herbivores or pathogens. To test this
      hypothesis, four accessions of each of nine natural Hordeum spontaneum (wild
      barley) populations were grown in a climate chamber under two levels of nutrient
      supply. Susceptibility to Schizaphis graminum (greenbug) was quantified by
      placing a single adult greenbug on each plant and measuring its realised
      fecundity after 8 days. Data on potential RGR were available from a previous
      experiment. No support for the RAH was found. The correlation between potential
      RGR and greenbug reproduction was not significant, neither at the high nor at the
      low level of nutrient supply. Furthermore, on average plants grown under high and
      low nutrients did not differ in susceptibility. However, accessions-within
      populations differed in the way susceptibility was affected by nutrient supply,
      and most accessions had a higher susceptibility under nutrient-poor conditions.
      It could be that these accessions differed in the spectrum of secondary
      metabolites they produced. Whatever the cause, the genetic variation for the
      reaction in susceptibility to nutrient supply suggests that selection could act
      in favour of more or less plasticity in plants without any apparent change in
      potential RGR.

PMID- 13680350
TI  - Density- and size-dependent mortality of a settling coral-reef damselfish
      (Pomacentrus moluccensis Bleeker).
AB  - Density-dependent mortality may regulate many populations, but due to an offshore
      larval phase in benthic marine organisms, it is often difficult to quantify the
      effects of mortality of arriving individuals. We added approximately 600 recruit
      sized individuals onto coral reef that parallels patterns in naturally settling
      fish. Strong, positive density-dependent mortality occurred 3 days, 1-2 weeks,
      and 4 months after release. Since our study species was patchily distributed, we
      estimated both mean group size and overall density in a transect. Mortality was
      more strongly related to mean group size than overall density in a transect,
      indicating that recruit patchiness was important. Cohesive groups may suffer
      higher mortality than those spread over larger areas, even if overall density of
      the latter is greater. Aggregative responses of predators may occur in response
      to larger groups, so may have contributed to positive density-dependent
      mortality. Increased conspicuousness to predators and congeneric aggression are
      additional factors that may vary positively with group size. Tagging of recruits
      showed migration within but not between transects, so persistence was tantamount
      to survival. Standard otolith back-calculation techniques employed to reconstruct
      original size of tagged recruits that persisted 4 months after additions
      indicated that mortality was also size-dependent. Size-dependent mortality was
      apparent at the site with the highest mortality but not at the site with the
      lowest mortality, resulting in different mean body sizes of recruits between
      sites. Size-dependent mortality may influence estimation of growth and lead to
      onset of size-based maturity in these fish. Strong, positive density-dependent
      mortality may regulate recruitment, and if coupled with size-dependent mortality,
      may increase maturity rate, adding to reproductive schedules of those that
      survive.

PMID- 13680351
TI  - Climate, body condition and spleen size in birds.
AB  - Climatic conditions may impact on the body condition of animals and thereby
      affect their survival prospects. However, climate may also impact directly on the
      survival prospects of animals by affecting the size of immune defence organs that
      are used for defence against parasites. We used a large long-term database on
      body condition and size of the spleen in birds to test for immediate and delayed
      relationships between climatic conditions as indexed by the North Atlantic
      Oscillation (NAO) and body condition and spleen mass, respectively. Across 14
      species of birds, spleen mass was significantly positively correlated with the
      NAO index, while the delayed effect of NAO on spleen mass was not significant.
      Spleen mass was positively related to body condition, but body condition did not
      depend significantly on NAO or delayed NAO effects. Bird species with a strong
      positive effect of NAO on spleen mass tended to have small spleens for their body
      size, while species with a strong negative effect of NAO on spleen mass tended to
      have relatively large spleens. Since bird species with relatively large spleen
      have been shown to suffer more from the negative effects of parasites, we can
      infer that the effects of climate as indexed by NAO on the size of the spleen
      depends on the importance of parasite-mediated natural selection.

PMID- 13680352
TI  - Prolonged diapause of specialist seed-feeders makes predator satiation unstable
      in masting of Quercus crispula.
AB  - Quercus crispula (= Q. mongolica var. grosseserrata) is the predominant tree
      species in cool temperate, mixed broadleaf/conifer forests in northern Japan. We
      compared 11 years of data on acorn production in a population of Q. crispula,
      with data on seed-insect populations, to try to answer the following questions:
      (1) Does Q. crispula show a regular pattern of masting? (2) How long do principal
      seed predators remain in diapause? (3) How do the seed predators affect the
      pattern of predator satiation? Q. crispula showed a tendency to alternate
      bearing, with significant synchrony between individual trees. The principal acorn
      feeding insects ( Curculio spp. weevils), which infested 25%-70% of matured
      acorns, generally exhibited a prolonged diapause of 2 years. No significant
      negative relationship was found between the rate of injury by the weevils and the
      density of mature acorns, indicating that simple predator satiation fails due to
      the synchrony of the life-cycle of acorn-feeding insects and the periodical
      production of acorns. However, the rate of injury by the weevils was negatively
      correlated with the relative abundance of mature acorns to the number of weevil
      larvae that had matured 2 years previously. Thus, the proportion of sound acorns
      notably increased in a rich crop after a disturbance in alternate bearing.
      Prolonged diapause of specific seed predators is critical in determining the peak
      year of sound-seed production.

PMID- 13680353
TI  - Integrins in angiogenesis: multitalented molecules in a balancing act.
AB  - Over the last 10-15 years the varied roles of cell adhesion molecules in the
      development of new blood vessels have received extensive attention. To date, more
      than 500 publications have been dedicated specifically to the role of a single
      family of adhesion molecules, namely integrins, in the process of angiogenesis.
      Although one can now appreciate the involvement of integrins in this process, and
      indeed antagonists of integrins are presently being tested as anti-angiogenic
      treatments, the precise regulation and exact action of integrins is still
      unclear. Here we will clarify the varied role of integrins and aim to elucidate
      and simplify the combined functions of these molecules in angiogenesis.

PMID- 13680354
TI  - VEGF and PlGF: two pleiotropic growth factors with distinct roles in development
      and homeostasis.
AB  - Blood vessels are crucial for normal development and growth by providing oxygen
      and nutrients. As shown by genetic targeting studies in mice, zebrafish and
      Xenopus blood vessel formation (or angiogenesis) is a multistep process, which is
      highly dependent on angiogenic growth factors such as VEGF, the founding member
      of the VEGF family. VEGF binds to the tyrosine kinase receptors VEGFR-1 and VEGFR
      2, and loss of VEGF or its receptors results in abnormal angiogenesis and
      lethality during development. In contrast, PlGF, another member of this family,
      binds only to VEGFR-1, and appears to be crucial exclusively for pathological
      angiogenesis in the adult. However, the expression of VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 on non
      vascular cells suggests additional biological properties for these growth
      factors. Indeed, the VEGF family and its receptors determine development and
      homeostasis of many organs, including the respiratory, skeletal, hematopoietic,
      nervous, renal and reproductive system, independent of their vascular role. These
      new insights broaden the activity spectrum of these "angiogenic" growth factors,
      and may have therapeutic implications when using these growth factors for
      vascular and/or non-vascular purposes.

PMID- 13680355
TI  - Ultrastructural localization of vimentin immunoreactivity and gene expression in
      tanycytes and their alterations in hamsters kept under different photoperiods.
AB  - Tanycytes are located in the basolateral walls of the third ventricle. By light-
      and electron-microscopic immunohistochemistry, we demonstrated that the tanycytes
      of Djungarian hamsters were intensely immunostained with the vimentin monoclonal
      antibody V9. The cells always extended long radial processes in which
      aggregations of vimentin-immunoreactive intermediate filaments were prominent.
      The tanycytes showed photoperiod-dependent changes. The population of vimentin
      immunoreactive tanycytes was increased in hamsters exposed to continuous lighting
      for 1 month or to a long photoperiod (16 h light:8 h dark) for 2 months. On the
      other hand, the immunoreactive cells were significantly decreased in hamsters
      exposed to complete darkness for 1 month or to a short photoperiod (8 h light:16
      h dark) for 2 months. The pericapillary spaces of the primary plexus of the
      portal circulation system were lined by the end-feet of tanycytic processes.
      Electron microscopy confirmed that the tanycytic processes were markedly
      decreased in number and size after exposure to complete darkness. Expression of
      vimentin mRNA in the hamster mediobasal hypothalamus was detected by the reverse
      transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The alterations of vimentin
      mRNA expression under different photoperiods were analyzed using laser capture
      microdissection and real-time quantitative PCR. The level of vimentin mRNA in the
      mediobasal hypothalamus was enhanced after exposure to continuous lighting for 1
      month or to a long photoperiod for 2 months, whereas it was significantly
      diminished after exposure to constant darkness or short photoperiod. These
      changes in the tanycytes under different photoperiods may influence the portal
      circulation system and also the cell activity of the pars tuberalis, and may thus
      participate in photoperiodic regulation of the endocrine system.

PMID- 13680356
TI  - Immunobiology of chicken germinal center: II. Accumulation of apoptotic cells
      within the germinal center.
AB  - The germinal center (GC) develops after antigen stimulation and is thought to
      occur at the site of various immune responses. We observed apoptotic cells within
      the GC using in situ end labeling (TUNEL), small amount DNA ladder assay, and RT
      PCR analysis of Bcl-2 mRNA expression. Apoptosis was detected within GCs at all
      phases of the GC reaction by both TUNEL and DNA ladder assays. The number of
      TUNEL(+) nuclei within the GC did not increase over the course of the GC
      reaction. However, the density of DNA in the ladder assay was higher in later
      phase GCs. Bcl-2 mRNA expression was detected within GCs during the early phases
      of the GC reaction. These results indicate that accumulation of apoptotic cells
      and rescue from apoptosis occur within chicken GCs. In the present paper, the
      reasons for the accumulation of apoptotic cells will be discussed.

PMID- 13680358
TI  - Plasticity in developing rat uterine sensory nerves: the role of NGF and TrkA.
AB  - In the present study we investigated the effects of infantile/prepubertal chronic
      oestrogen treatment, chemical sympathectomy with guanethidine and combined
      sympathectomy and chronic oestrogen treatment on developing sensory nerves of the
      rat uterus. Changes in sensory innervation were assessed quantitatively on
      uterine cryostat tissue sections stained for calcitonin gene-related peptide
      (CGRP). Uterine levels of NGF protein, using immunohistochemistry and ELISA, and
      mRNA, using Northern blots and in situ hybridization, were also measured.
      Finally, levels of TrkA NGF receptor in sensory neurons of T13 and L1 dorsal root
      ganglia (DRG), which supply the uterus, were assessed using densitometric
      immunohistochemistry. These studies showed that: (1) chronic oestrogen treatment
      led to an 83% reduction in the intercept density of CGRP-immunoreactive nerves;
      (2) sympathectomy had no effect on the density of uterine sensory nerves or on
      the pattern of oestrogen-induced changes; (3) NGF mRNA and protein increased
      following sympathectomy or chronic oestrogen treatment; and (4) oestrogen
      produced increased intensity of labelling (28%) for TrkA receptors in small
      diameter sensory neurons, but decreased labelling (13%) in medium-sized neurons,
      which represent the large majority of the DRG neurons supplying the upper part of
      the uterine horn. Contrary to expectations, increased levels of NGF after
      sympathectomy and oestrogen treatment did not lead to increased sensory
      innervation of the uterus. The possibility that alterations in neuronal levels of
      TrkA contribute to the lack of response of uterine sensory nerves to the
      oestrogen-induced increase in NGF levels is discussed.

PMID- 13680359
TI  - Striking differentiation of sub-populations within a genetically homogeneous
      isolate (Ogliastra) in Sardinia as revealed by mtDNA analysis.
AB  - Since the reduced genetic diversity found in isolates should simplify the study
      of complex traits, analyses of patterns of homogeneity within populations are of
      particular interest. We analysed the mtDNA haplogroups and hypervariable segment
      I (HVS-I) sequences of 475 individuals from a geographically restricted and
      isolated area (Ogliastra) within Sardinia, comprehending 175 random samples from
      20 out of 23 villages. The remaining 300 subjects were chosen from the other
      three villages, Talana, Urzulei and Perdasdefogu, by sampling all maternal
      lineages. A comparison with other European populations reveals that Ogliastra
      ranks among the most genetically homogenous population and that it has been small
      and isolated throughout its history. The lack of variation and the high genetic
      homogeneity indicate that an important founder event and a demographic expansion
      took place during the Neolithic (approximately 7700 years before present) in
      Ogliastra's mtDNA gene pool. We present highly resolved phylogenetic networks for
      Ogliastra and for the three sub-isolates. MtDNA differentiation in the sub
      populations versus Ogliastra is revealed by a strong demarcation in their genetic
      pools due to distinctive founder effects and genetic drift. We found that genetic
      homogeneity strictly depends on a scale factor in population size and on sampling
      methodology. The outstanding homogeneity and the reduced female gene pool
      observed in Ogliastra, in the European context, hide an extremely marked
      differentiation in sub-isolates originated from the same archaic population.
      Although Ogliastra can be considered a genetically homogeneous isolate, small
      villages' divergent genetic histories underline the importance of more systematic
      analysis of DNA variation between and within populations.

PMID- 13680360
TI  - NF1 exon 7 skipping and sequence alterations in exonic splice enhancers (ESEs) in
      a neurofibromatosis 1 patient.
AB  - The underestimates of NF1 gene mutations in neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) have been
      attributed to the large size of the NF1 gene, the considerable frequency of gross
      deletions and the common occurrence of splicing defects that are only detectable
      by cDNA analysis. We here report on a patient with severe NF1 showing at RT-PCR
      analysis the expected fragment from exon 4b to 8 together with a shortened one
      with the in-frame skipping of exon 7. Sequencing of the corresponding genomic
      fragment revealed a G-->A transition and a C-->A transversion at nucleotide
      positions 57 and 58 of the 174-bp long exon 7, neither of which was present in
      the proband's parents or 50 healthy controls. No other variation was found in the
      entire NF1 coding sequence. The use of previously established sequence matrices
      for the scoring of putative ESE motifs showed that the adjacent silent and
      missense mutations are located within highly conserved overlapping stretches of
      seven nucleotides with a close similarity to the ESE-specific consensus sequences
      recognised by the SC35 and SF2/ASF SR proteins. The combined occurrence of both
      consecutive alterations decreases the motif score for both SF2/ASF and SC35 below
      their threshold levels. As the aberrant transcript is consistently expressed, a
      protein lacking 58 amino acids is predicted. Thus the contiguous internal exon 7
      mutations are suggested to cause exon 7 skipping as a result of the mis-splicing
      caused by abrogation of functional ESEs.

PMID- 13680361
TI  - Surfactant protein A and B genetic variants predispose to idiopathic pulmonary
      fibrosis.
AB  - Derangement in pulmonary surfactant or its components and alveolar collapse are
      common findings in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Surfactant proteins play
      important roles in innate host defense and normal function of the lung. We
      examined associations between IPF and genetic polymorphic variants of surfactant
      proteins, SP-A1, SP-A2, SP-B, SP-C, and SP-D. One SP-A1 (6A(4)) allele and single
      nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that characterize the 6A(4) allele, and one SP-B
      (B1580_C) were found with higher frequency ( P</=0.01) in nonsmoker and smoker
      IPF ( n=84) subgroups, respectively, compared with healthy controls ( n=194). To
      explore whether a tryptophan (present in 6A(4)) or an arginine (present in other
      SP-A1 alleles and in all SP-A2 alleles) at amino acid 219 alters protein
      behavior, two truncated proteins that varied only at amino acid 219 were oxidized
      by exposure to ozone. Differences in the absorption spectra (310-350 nm) between
      the two truncated recombinant SP-A proteins were observed both before and after
      protein oxidation, suggesting allele-specific aggregation differences
      attributable to amino acid 219. The SP-B SNP B1580_C (odds ratio:7.63; confidence
      interval:1.64-35.4; P</=0.01), to be a risk factor for IPF smokers, has also been
      shown to be a risk factor for other pulmonary diseases. The SP-C and SP-D SNPs
      and SP-B-linked microsatellite markers studied did not associate with IPF. These
      findings indicate that surfactant protein variants may serve as markers to
      identify subgroups of patients at risk, and we speculate that these contribute to
      IPF pathogenesis.

PMID- 13680363
TI  - Stratification by CARD15 variant genotype in a genome-wide search for
      inflammatory bowel disease susceptibility loci.
AB  - Previously we have conducted a genome-wide search for inflammatory bowel disease
      susceptibility loci in a large European cohort. Results from this study
      demonstrated suggestive evidence of linkage to loci at chromosomes 1q, 6p, and
      10p and replicated linkages on chromosomes 12 and 16. Recently, NOD2/CARD15 on
      chromosome 16q12 has been found to be strongly associated with Crohn's disease.
      In order to determine if there are other loci in the genome that interact with
      the three associated functional variants in CARD15 (R702W, G908R, 1007fs), we
      have stratified our large inflammatory bowel disease genome scan cohort by
      dividing pedigrees into two groups stratified by CARD15 variant genotype. The two
      pedigree groups were analysed using non-parametric allele sharing methods. The
      group of pedigrees that contained one of the three CARD15 variants had two
      suggestive linkage results occurring in 6p (lod = 3.06 at D6S197, IBD phenotype)
      and 10p (lod=2.29 at D10S197, CD phenotype). In addition, at 16q12 where CARD15
      is located, the original genome scan had a peak lod score of 2.18 at D16S415 (CD
      phenotype). The stratified pedigree cohort containing one of three CARD15
      variants had a peak lod score of 0.90 at D16S415 (CD phenotype), accounting for
      approximately less than half of the genetic evidence for linkage at this locus.
      This result is in agreement with the existence of a substantial number of private
      variants at the NOD2/CARD15 locus. Interaction with NOD2/CARD15 needs to be
      considered in future gene identification efforts on chromosomes 6 and 10.

PMID- 13680362
TI  - Small supernumerary marker chromosomes (SMCs): genotype-phenotype correlation and
      classification.
AB  - Small supernumerary marker chromosomes (SMCs) are present in about 0.05% of the
      human population. In approximately 30% of SMC carriers (excluding the
      approximately 60% SMC derived from one of the acrocentric chromosomes), an
      abnormal phenotype is observed. The clinical outcome of an SMC is difficult to
      predict as they can have different phenotypic consequences because of (1).
      differences in euchromatic DNA-content, (2). different degrees of mosaicism,
      and/or (3). uniparental disomy (UPD) of the chromosomes homologous to the SMC.
      Here, we present 35 SMCs, which are derived from all human chromosomes, apart
      from chromosome 6, as demonstrated by the appropriate molecular cytogenetic
      approaches, such as centromere-specific multicolor fluoresence in situ
      hybridization (cenM-FISH), multicolor banding (MCB), and subcentromere-specific
      multicolor FISH (subcenM-FISH). In nine cases without an aberrant phenotype,
      neither partial proximal trisomies nor UPD could be detected. Abnormal clinical
      findings, such as psychomotoric retardation and/or craniofacial dysmorphisms,
      were associated with seven of the cases in which subcentromeric single-copy
      probes were proven to be present in three copies. Conversely, in eight cases with
      a normal phenotype, proximal euchromatic material was detected as partial
      trisomy. UPD was studied in 12 cases and subsequently detected in two of the
      cases with SMC (partial UPD 4p and maternal UPD 22 in a der(22)-syndrome
      patient), indicating that SMC carriers have an enhanced risk for UPD. At present,
      small proximal trisomies of 1p, 1q, 2p, 6p, 6q, 7q, 9p, and 12q seem to lead to
      clinical manifestations, whereas partial proximal trisomies of 2q, 3p, 3q, 5q,
      7p, 8p, 17p, and 18p may not be associated with significant clinical symptoms.
      With respect to clinical outcome, a classification of SMCs is proposed that
      considers molecular genetic and molecular cytogenetic characteristics as
      demonstrated by presently available methods.

PMID- 13680364
TI  - Refinement of the Silver syndrome locus on chromosome 11q12-q14 in four families
      and exclusion of eight candidate genes.
AB  - Silver syndrome is a rare variant of autosomal dominant complicated hereditary
      spastic paraparesis (HSP), in which spasticity of the lower limbs is accompanied
      by amyotrophy of the hands and occasionally also the lower limbs. The disease
      locus has been mapped to chromosome 11q12-q14. We report four Austrian families
      presenting with the typical clinical features of Silver syndrome. Sixteen
      individuals were affected upon clinical and/or electrophysiological examination.
      Ten persons showed mild to severe spasticity of the lower limbs. Wasting of the
      small hand muscles was present in nine affected family members of whom three had
      also gait disturbance. Three further individuals were asymptomatic.
      Electrophysiological studies showed normal or slightly to moderately slowed motor
      nerve conduction velocities, reduced amplitudes and occasionally chronodispersion
      of compound motor action potentials. In one patient, conduction block was
      observed. Sensory nerve action potentials were usually normal. Molecular genetic
      studies demonstrate linkage to chromosome 11q12-q14. Haplotype analysis in
      affected individuals indicates a common ancestor in the four families. By
      recombination analysis in affected individuals the Silver syndrome candidate gene
      interval can be reduced from 13 to 5.9 cM and can now be placed between the
      markers D11S1765 and D11S987. By sequence analysis of affected individuals eight
      functional and positional candidate genes could be excluded. Our study confirms
      the existence of the Silver syndrome locus on chromosome 11q12-q14 and provides
      the first report of nerve conduction velocity studies in Silver syndrome, which
      demonstrate the presence of a peripheral predominantly motor neuropathy.

PMID- 13680366
TI  - Mak5p, which is required for the maintenance of the M1 dsRNA virus, is encoded by
      the yeast ORF YBR142w and is involved in the biogenesis of the 60S subunit of the
      ribosome.
AB  - In this study, we show that the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ORF YBR142w, which
      encodes a putative DEAD-box RNA helicase, corresponds to MAK5. The mak5-1 allele
      is deficient in the maintenance of the M1 dsRNA virus, resulting in a killer
      minus phenotype. This allele carries two mutations, G218D in the conserved ATPase
      A-motif and P618S in a non-conserved region. We have separated these mutations
      and shown that it is the G218D mutation that is responsible for the killer minus
      phenotype. Mak5p is an essential nucleolar protein; depletion of the protein
      leads to a reduction in the level of 60S ribosomal subunits, the appearance of
      half-mer polysomes, and a delay in production of the mature 25S and 5.8S rRNAs.
      Thus, Mak5p is involved in the biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits.

PMID- 13680365
TI  - Tyrosinase gene mutations in oculocutaneous albinism 1 (OCA1): definition of the
      phenotype.
AB  - Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a common human genetic condition resulting from
      mutations in at least twelve different genes. OCA1 results from mutations of the
      tyrosinase gene and presents with the life-long absence of melanin pigment after
      birth (OCA1A) or with the development of minimal-to-moderate amounts of cutaneous
      and ocular pigment (OCA1B). Other types of OCA have variable amounts of cutaneous
      and ocular pigment. We hypothesized that white hair at birth indicates OCA1 and
      tested this in a sample of 120 probands with OCA and white hair at birth. We
      found that 102 (85%) of the probands had OCA1 with one or two identifiable
      tyrosinase gene mutations, with 169 (83%) of the 204 OCA1 tyrosinase gene alleles
      having identifiable mutations and 35 (17%) having no identifiable change in the
      coding, splice junction, or proximal promoter regions of the gene. The inability
      to identify the mutation was more common with OCA1B (24/35, 69%) than with OCA1A
      (11/35, 31%) alleles. Seven probands with no tyrosinase gene mutations were found
      to have OCA2 with one or two P gene mutations, and in eleven, no mutations were
      detected in either gene. We conclude that (1) the presence of white hair at birth
      is a useful clinical tool suggesting OCA1 in a child or adult with OCA, although
      OCA2 may also have this presentation; (2) the molecular analysis of the
      tyrosinase and P genes are necessary for precise diagnosis; and (3) the presence
      of alleles without identifiable mutations of the tyrosinase gene, particularly in
      OCA1B, suggests that more complex mutation mechanisms of this gene are common in
      OCA.

PMID- 13680367
TI  - Autocrine activation of the pheromone response pathway in matalpha2- cells is
      attenuated by SST2- and ASG7-dependent mechanisms.
AB  - Yeast mat alpha2 mutants express both mating pheromones and both mating pheromone
      receptors. They show modest signaling in the pheromone response pathway, as
      revealed by increased levels of FUS1 transcript, yet are resistant to pheromone
      treatment. Together, these phenotypes suggest that alpha2- cells undergo
      autocrine activation of the pheromone response pathway, which is subsequently
      attenuated. We constructed a regulatable version of the alpha2 gene (GALalpha2)
      and showed that, upon loss of alpha2 activity, cells exhibit an initial robust
      response to pheromone that is attenuated within 3 h. We reasoned that the
      viability of alpha2- cells might be due to attenuation, and therefore performed a
      genome-wide synthetic lethal screen to identify potential adaptation components.
      We identified two genes, SST2 and ASG7. Loss of either of these attenuation
      components results in activation of the pheromone pathway in alpha2- cells. Loss
      of both proteins causes a more severe phenotype. Sst2 functions as a GTPase
      activating protein (GAP) for the Galpha subunit of the trimeric G protein. Asg7
      is an a -cell specific protein that acts in concert with the alpha-cell specific
      a -factor receptor, Ste3, to inhibit signaling by Gbetagamma. Hence, our results
      suggest that mat alpha2 mutants mimic the intracellular signaling events that
      occur in newly fused zygotes.

PMID- 13680368
TI  - Structural and functional analysis of the killer element pPin1-3 from Pichia
      inositovora.
AB  - Strains of the yeast Pichia inositovora that carry the linear plasmids pPin1-1
      (18 kb) and pPin1-3 (10 kb) display a killer activity towards Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae. Cloning and sequencing of the smaller plasmid, pPin1-3, revealed that
      it is 9683 bp long and has 154-bp terminal inverted repeats. Comparison of pPin1
      3 with the only other completely sequenced killer plasmid, pGKL1 of Kluyveromyces
      lactis, revealed differences in genome organization. The Pichia element has four
      ORFs that account for 95% of the sequence. ORF1 is homologous to the putative
      immunity gene of the K. lactis system. A viral B-type DNA polymerase is encoded
      by ORF2. The predicted product of ORF3 displays similarities to the alpha- and
      beta-subunits of the heterotrimeric K. lactis killer toxin, also known as
      zymocin. A cysteine-rich chitin-binding site and a chitinase signature,
      characteristic for the alpha-subunit of zymocin were identified in Orf3p. Chitin
      affinity chromatography and Western analysis confirmed the plasmid specific
      expression and secretion of a protein that cross-reacts with an antibody raised
      against the alpha-subunit of K. lactis zymocin. Disruption of the major chitin
      synthase-gene ( CHS3) renders S. cerevisiae resistant to the toxin, providing
      further evidence that chitin is the cellular receptor for the P. inositovora
      toxin. Orf4p of pPin1-3 displays only weak similarities to the gamma-subunit of
      zymocin, which causes a G1 cell-cycle arrest in S. cerevisiae. However,
      disruption of the S. cerevisiae gene ELP3/TOT3, which encodes a histone
      acetyltransferase that is essential for zymocin action, resulted in reduced
      sensitivity to the P. inositovora toxin also. Thus, despite obvious differences
      in genome organization and protein architecture, both killer systems very
      probably have similar modes of action.

PMID- 13680373
TI  - Interactions related to non-host snails in the host-finding process of
      Euparyphium albuferensis and Echinostoma friedi (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae)
      miracidia.
AB  - In order to determine whether the miracidia of Euparyphium albuferensis and
      Echinostoma friedi are sensitive to their host snail (HS) and capable of
      discriminating between HS and non-host snails (NHS), or whether these NHS can
      interfere and thus reduce the infection rates (decoy effect), a total of three
      experiments were conducted with HS, NHS and snail-conditioned water (SCW).
      Gyraulus chinensis is the HS for E. albuferensis miracidia, while Physa acuta,
      Radix peregra and Lymnaea fuscus are considered NHS. For E. friedi miracidia R.
      peregra, G. chinensis and L. fuscus are the HS, while P. acuta is the NHS. The
      NHS R. peregra produces the greatest decoy effect on Euparyphium albuferensis
      miracidia, while R. peregra, as the HS of Echinostoma friedi miracidia, is always
      subject to a NHS decoy effect. However, an increase in E. friedi miracidia
      infectivity is observed in its HS G. chinensis, in the presence of SCW of P.
      acuta. These experimental results might explain the low prevalence of snails
      infected with E. albuferensis miracidia in their natural habitat.

PMID- 13680376
TI  - Commonly recognised Plasmodium falciparum parasites cause cerebral malaria.
AB  - Cerebral malaria (CM) is a devastating form of Plasmodium falciparum malaria, in
      which adherence and sequestration of infected red blood cells in cerebral blood
      vessels play a major role. In order to determine whether a distinct parasite
      phenotype favours the development of this severe complication, P. falciparum
      isolates from Gabonese children suffering from CM or uncomplicated malaria (UM)
      were analysed for their binding phenotypes and their recognition in flow
      cytometry. CM isolates exhibited the ability to form rosettes and to bind ICAM-1,
      in line with previous studies correlating these phenotypes with CM disease
      pathology. CM isolates were more reactive with plasma from our cohort than UM
      parasites. This observation, together with the finding that some CM isolates were
      highly correlated with each other in their immunoreactivities, confirms that
      common parasites bearing conserved epitopes, which are capable of inducing cross
      reactive antibodies, can cause CM in children.

PMID- 13680377
TI  - Reinvestigation of the spermatozoon ultrastructure of the cestode Proteocephalus
      longicollis (Zeder, 1800), a parasite of salmonid fish.
AB  - The reinvestigation of the fine structure of the mature spermatozoon of the
      proteocephalidean tapeworm Proteocephalus longicollis, a parasite of salmonid
      fish, has shown new characters not described previously for this species. They
      include a helicoidal crested body, 60-100 nm thick and localised at the anterior
      extremity of the spermatozoon. Also new is the finding that cortical microtubules
      in P. longicollis spermatozoon are of two types. The nucleus situated in the
      middle part of the gamete is rod-shaped anteriorly, but it is wound around one of
      the axonemes posteriorly. It is newly observed that both the anterior and
      posterior extremities of the spermatozoon of P. longicollis contain a single
      axoneme. The ultrastructural characteristics of the mature spermatozoon of P.
      longicollis coincide in their main features with those of the spermatozoon of P.
      torulosus, a parasite of cyprinid fish.

PMID- 13680371
TI  - Epidemiology, clinical manifestations and diagnosis of zoonotic cestode
      infections: an update.
AB  - This paper reviews the literature on zoonotic cestode infections with specific
      reference to the years 1999-2003. The sources and prevalence of various zoonotic
      tapeworm infections caused by adult and larval stages of the genera Taenia,
      Echinococcus, Diphyllobothrium, Hymenolepis and Dipylidium continue to be an
      important cause of morbidity and mortality, not only in most underdeveloped
      countries but also in industrialized countries, particularly in rural areas or
      among immigrant groups from endemic areas. The review gives a detailed report on
      recent molecular epidemiological studies on the taxonomy and phylogenetic
      variations in Echinococcus granulosus, immunological tests and imaging techniques
      used in epidemiological surveys and clinical investigations of important adult
      and larval tapeworm infections of animals and humans. Larval stages or
      metacestodes of Taenia solium, Echinococcus spp. and pseudophyllidean tapeworms
      (Spirometra syn. Diphyllobothrium spp.) may reside in various tissues of their
      intermediate hosts, including humans. In particular, Cysticercus cellulosae (T.
      solium) and the larvae of E. granulosus, and E. multilocularis, which are
      predominantly located in the liver, lungs and central nervous system forming
      various types of cysts, lead to a complex of systemic diseases such as
      cysticercosis, cystic echinococcosis and alveolar echinococcosis, respectively.
      Relatively rare clinical manifestations are seen in the muscles, subcutaneous
      tissue, spleen, kidneys, bones and body cavities.

PMID- 13680378
TI  - The impact of anti-angiogenic agents on cancer therapy.

PMID- 13680379
TI  - Bifunctional recombinant proteins in cancer therapy: cell penetrating peptide
      aptamers as inhibitors of growth factor signaling.
AB  - The major aim of molecular cancer research is the development of new therapeutic
      strategies and compounds that target directly the genetic and biochemical causes
      of malignant transformation. Therapeutic genes, antibodies and their derivatives,
      but also small molecular weight compounds, have been used for this purpose. Small
      peptides might be able to complement these agents because of their ability to
      recognize specific protein domains and thus to interfere with enzymatic functions
      or protein-protein interactions. A variation of the yeast-two-hybrid procedure
      allows to select specifically binding peptides, so called peptide aptamers, from
      a peptide library of high complexity. This selection procedure can be adapted to
      any protein or protein fragment as a bait construct and selects for the
      intracellular interaction between the bait of choice and the peptide aptamer
      prey. Peptide aptamers thus selected can be cloned, provided with a protein
      transduction domain, expressed in bacteria and introduced into cancer cells.
      There they might disrupt protein-protein interactions crucial for cancer cell
      growth or survival. We introduce an example in which the Stat3 arm of EGF
      receptor signaling is selectively inhibited by a peptide aptamer and causes the
      growth arrest of EGF receptor-dependent tumor cells. The aptamer constructs can
      be supplemented with additional functional domains to enhance their inhibitory
      effects.

PMID- 13680380
TI  - Acute loss of the small bowel in a school-age boy. Difficult choices: to sustain
      life or to stop treatment?
AB  - A 9-year-old boy lost almost all his small bowel after an acute volvulus due to a
      congenital, but previously unsuspected malrotation. Survival using total
      parenteral nutrition is possible in these cases, but the medical burden is heavy.
      Small intestinal transplantation was performed for the first time in the
      Netherlands in 2001 and this patient was treated 3 years earlier. The results of
      bowel transplantation are not as good as in kidney or liver transplantation. A
      method of Ethical Case Deliberation helped to elucidate the importance of each
      contribution in the discussion and provided space and a broad basis for decision
      making. The parents refused to allow parenteral nutrition to be started because
      of the bad prospects for quality of life in the future and the medical team,
      after thorough deliberation with specialists throughout the country, and
      consultation of the literature, agreed. CONCLUSION: Despite the many different
      opinions, the parents felt accepted in their refusal of treatment for their son
      and the team accepted the decision.

PMID- 13680381
TI  - Quantitative calcaneal ultrasound parameters and bone mineral density at final
      height in girls treated with depot gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist for
      central precocious puberty or idiopathic short stature.
AB  - To evaluate the effect of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist
      treatment on bone quality at final height, we studied girls with central
      precocious puberty (CPP) and with idiopathic short stature (ISS). A total of 25
      Caucasian girls were included: group A (n=14) with idiopathic CPP (mean age at
      start 7.4 years) and group B (n=11) with ISS (mean age at start 11.7 years).
      Treatment duration was 3.8 and 1.7 years respectively. The quantitative
      ultrasound parameters (QUS) broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and speed of
      sound (SOS) were measured at the calcaneus (UBIS 3000 device). Lumbar spine bone
      mineral density (BMD; L2-L4) was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
      (DXA) (Hologic QDR1000). Measurements were performed at final height and
      expressed as Z-scores corrected for bone age. Mean Z-scores of QUS parameters,
      areal BMD and volumetric BMD (BMDvol) were above -1 in both groups (group A: BUA
      Z-score -0.21, SOS Z-score -0.29, BMD Z-score 0.02, BMDvol Z-score 0.05, group B:
      BUA Z-score -0.93, SOS Z-score -0.40, BMD Z-score -0.86, BMDvol Z-score -0.68),
      although mean Z-scores of BUA and areal BMD in group B were significantly
      different from zero (P=0.03 and P=0.02 respectively). Mean Z-score BMDvol was not
      significantly different from zero (P=0.05), we found no significant difference
      between the groups for BMDvol (P=0.13). CONCLUSION: Although quantitative
      ultrasound parameters parameters and bone mineral density were normal in girls
      with central precocious puberty at final height after gonadotrophin-releasing
      hormone agonist treatment, mean Z-score for broadband ultrasound attenuation and
      areal bone mineral density were significantly different from zero and mean Z
      score for volumetric bone mineral density was (just) not significantly different
      from zero in idiopathic short stature girls with normal puberty treated with
      gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonists. Therefore we cannot say that this
      treatment is safe in these girls with regard to bone health.

PMID- 13680382
TI  - Novel point mutations in complete androgen insensitivity syndrome with incomplete
      mullerian regression: two Taiwanese patients.
AB  - Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS) is a relatively rare X-linked
      disorder caused by androgen receptor gene (AR) mutations that result in complete
      impairment of genital virilisation. In these individuals, no mullerian
      derivatives are usually found; however, several sporadic cases of CAIS with
      mullerian remnants have been reported. In this paper, we report two novel point
      mutations of the AR gene resulting in two cases of CAIS with incomplete mullerian
      regression. Molecular studies of cases 1 and 2 showed novel missense mutations of
      the AR gene, with a methionine to threonine substitution at codon 749 (base 2608
      T-->C) in exon 5 and a methionine to lysine substitution at codon 787 (base 2722
      T-->A) in exon 6. Both patients received bilateral gonadectomy and inguinal
      hernia repair. The excised gonads proved to be testes with incomplete regression
      of the mullerian structures. CONCLUSION: Mullerian structures can be present in
      androgen insensitivity syndrome and the presence of a uterus therefore does not
      exclude this disorder. Further study of these patients may promote a better
      understanding of the pathogenesis.

PMID- 13680383
TI  - Interactions of diazoxide with frusemide, spironolactone, and acetylsalicylic
      acid in a patient with hyperinsulinism of Infancy and Fallot tetralogy.

PMID- 13680384
TI  - Tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome type I in a Japanese boy.

PMID- 13680385
TI  - Early onset neonatal infection with Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C: case
      report and literature review.
AB  - Although Neisseria meningitidis is one of the major causes of meningitis in
      children and adolescents, meningococcal disease should also be considered as part
      of the differential diagnoses in the newborn period.

PMID- 13680386
TI  - Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, improves residual steatorrhoea in cystic
      fibrosis patients treated with high dose pancreatic enzymes.
AB  - Despite treatment with supra-physiological doses of pancreatic enzyme
      supplements, residual steatorrhoea is a common problem in patients with cystic
      fibrosis (CF) and pancreatic insufficiency. Strategies to enhance the activity of
      pancreatic enzymes include decreasing duodenal acidity. The aim of this study was
      to evaluate the effect of omeprazole (Losec), a proton-pump inhibitor, on fat
      absorption in CF patients with residual steatorrhoea despite high dose pancreatic
      enzyme supplements (> or =10,000 U lipase/kg per day). A random cross-over design
      was chosen. Fat digestion was evaluated with and without omeprazole by means of
      chemical fat measurements in 3-day stool collections together with 3-day weighed
      food records for calculation of fat absorption. The results of 15 patients (3
      girls and 12 boys) with confirmed steatorrhoea during the control evaluation were
      analysed. Median age was 8.7 years (range 3.5-15.9 years). Median daily lipase
      intake was 13,500 U/kg per day (range 10,000-22,000 U/kg per day). During
      treatment with omeprazole, median faecal fat loss (g fat/day) decreased from 13 g
      (quartiles 11.5-16.5 g/day) to 5.5 g (quartiles 4.9-8.1 g/day) (P<0.01). The same
      improvement was noted when fat absorption was calculated: 87% (quartiles 81-89%)
      without versus 94% (quartiles 90-96%) with omeprazole (P<0.001). CONCLUSION:
      Omeprazole improves fat digestion and absorption in cystic fibrosis patients with
      residual faecal fat loss despite maximal pancreatic enzyme substitution.

PMID- 13680387
TI  - Resistance to androstanes as an approach for androstandienedione yield
      enhancement in industrial mycobacteria.
AB  - The resistance to androstandienedione (ADD) of industrial mycobacteria was
      demonstrated as a valuable approach to increasing ADD yield in sterol
      fermentations. Colonies growing at 1 mg/ml ADD in culture medium after
      nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis showed a differential behavior in respect to
      parentals in cholesterol biotransformation. In the presence of exogenous ADD, a
      substantial depletion of ADD production was observed in parental strains B3683
      and Ex4, whereas it was unaffected, and even increased, in resistant colonies. An
      apparent reduction from ADD to androstandione and testosterone was also noticed.
      Furthermore, the ADD resistance phenotype may be related to the increase in
      steroid 1,2 dehydrogenase activity.

PMID- 13680388
TI  - Thermostable malate synthase of Streptomyces thermovulgaris.
AB  - The gene, encoding malate synthase (MS), aceB, was cloned from the thermophilic
      bacterium Streptomyces thermovulgaris by homology-based PCR. The 1,626-bp cloned
      fragment encodes a protein consisting of 541 amino acids. S. thermovulgaris
      malate synthase (stMS) gene was over-expressed in Escherichia coli using a
      glutathione-S transferase (GST) fusion vector (pGEX-6P-1), purified by affinity
      chromatography, and subsequently cleaved from its GST fusion partner. The
      purified stMS was characterized and compared to a mesophilic malate synthase
      (scMS) from Streptomyces coelicolor. stMS exhibited higher temperature optima (40
      60 degrees C) than those of scMS (28-37 degrees C). It was more thermostable and
      very resistant to the chemical denaturant urea. Amino acid sequence comparison of
      stMS with four mesophilic streptomycete MSs indicated that they share 70.9-91.4%
      amino acid identities, with stMS possessing slightly more charged residues
      (approximately 31%) than its mesophilic counterparts (approximately 28-29%).
      Seven charged residues (E85, R187, R209, H239, H364, R382 and K520) that were
      unique to stMS may be selectively and strategically placed to support its
      peculiar characteristics.

PMID- 13680390
TI  - Variation and evolution of plant virus populations.
AB  - Over the last 15 years, interest in plant virus evolution has re-emerged, as
      shown by the increasing number of papers published on this subject. In recent
      times, research in plant virus evolution has been viewed from a molecular, rather
      than populational, standpoint, and there is a need for work aimed at
      understanding the processes involved in plant virus evolution. However,
      accumulated data from analyses of experimental and natural populations of plant
      viruses are beginning to delineate some trends that often run contrary to
      accepted opinion: (1) high mutation rates are not necessarily adaptive, as a
      large fraction of the mutations are deleterious or lethal; (2) in spite of high
      potential for genetic variation, populations of plant viruses are not highly
      variable, and genetic stability is the rule rather than the exception; (3) the
      degree of constriction of genetic variation in virus-encoded proteins is similar
      to that in their eukaryotic hosts and vectors; and (4) in spite of huge census
      sizes of plant virus populations, selection is not the sole factor that shapes
      their evolution, and genetic drift may be important. Here, we review recent
      advances in understanding plant virus evolution, and describe the experimental
      and analytical methods most suited to this purpose.

PMID- 13680389
TI  - A method for the selection of production media for actinomycete strains based on
      their metabolite HPLC profiles.
AB  - The manipulation of growth conditions of microorganisms is a common strategy used
      by pharmaceutical companies to improve the quantities and spectra of secondary
      metabolites with potential therapeutic interest. In this work, the effects of
      fermentation media on secondary metabolite production from a set of Actinomycetes
      was statistically compared. For this purpose, we created an automated method for
      comparing the ability of microorganisms to produce different secondary
      metabolites. HPLC analyses guided the selection of those media in which a wider
      chemical diversity was obtained from microorganisms inoculated in a wide spectrum
      of production media. Fermented media yielding a better secondary metabolite
      profile were included in subsequent drug discovery screening.

PMID- 13680391
TI  - Innovative tools for detection of plant pathogenic viruses and bacteria.
AB  - Detection of harmful viruses and bacteria in plant material, vectors or natural
      reservoirs is essential to ensure safe and sustainable agriculture. The
      techniques available have evolved significantly in the last few years to achieve
      rapid and reliable detection of pathogens, extraction of the target from the
      sample being important for optimising detection. For viruses, sample preparation
      has been simplified by imprinting or squashing plant material or insect vectors
      onto membranes. To improve the sensitivity of techniques for bacterial detection,
      a prior enrichment step in liquid or solid medium is advised. Serological and
      molecular techniques are currently the most appropriate when high numbers of
      samples need to be analysed. Specific monoclonal and/or recombinant antibodies
      are available for many plant pathogens and have contributed to the specificity of
      serological detection. Molecular detection can be optimised through the automatic
      purification of nucleic acids from pathogens by columns or robotics. New variants
      of PCR, such as simple or multiplex nested PCR in a single closed tube, co
      operative-PCR and real-time monitoring of amplicons or quantitative PCR, allow
      high sensitivity in the detection of one or several pathogens in a single assay.
      The latest development in the analysis of nucleic acids is micro-array
      technology, but it requires generic DNA/RNA extraction and pre-amplification
      methods to increase detection sensitivity. The advances in research that will
      result from the sequencing of many plant pathogen genomes, especially now in the
      era of proteomics, represent a new source of information for the future
      development of sensitive and specific detection techniques for these
      microorganisms.

PMID- 13680392
TI  - Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea after internal fixation of
      intertrochanteric femoral fractures.
AB  - The aim of the study presented here was to record the incidence and outcome of
      Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea in patients undergoing surgery for
      intertrochanteric femoral fractures. Between January 2000 and June 2001, a total
      of 239 patients who underwent surgery after sustaining an intertrochanteric
      femoral fracture were included in the study. Seventeen patients developed
      Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea (incidence risk, 7.1%), and six
      patients died after developing the condition (case fatality rate, 35%). Thus,
      Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea was found to cause significant
      morbidity and mortality after surgery for intertrochanteric femoral fractures,
      and antibiotics should be used judiciously in this group of patients.

PMID- 13680393
TI  - Bacteremia with Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum in patients
      undergoing hysterectomy.
AB  - In the study presented here, the aim was to investigate the frequency and
      clinical significance of bacteremia with urogenital mycoplasmas in
      immunocompetent patients following gynecological surgery. Among 56 patients
      undergoing elective hysterectomy (mean age, 55 years; range, 32-82 years),
      Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum were detected in urine by PCR in 2
      and 11 patients, respectively. Pre- and postoperative blood samples of the
      colonized patients were investigated for the colonizing species by PCR. In 4 of
      the 11 patients colonized by Ureaplasma urealyticum the pathogen was also
      detected from one of the postoperative blood samples, while no case of bacteremia
      with Mycoplasma hominis was detected. The postoperative course was uncomplicated
      in all patients.

PMID- 13680394
TI  - Optimisation of prenatal group B streptococcal screening.
AB  - The purpose of the study presented here was to confirm the high yield of group B
      streptococci (GBS) on Granada medium for the detection of pregnant GBS carriers
      and to compare the results with those obtained using standard Columbia blood agar
      at two participating centers in Belgium. Culture results of the vaginorectal
      swabs obtained at the two centers were also compared. A total of 1,142 samples
      (838 in Leuven and 304 in Bonheiden) obtained from consecutive pregnant women
      were cultured onto both media. Of all GBS carriers 84.7% were detected on
      Columbia blood agar and 93.4% on Granada agar ( P<0.01, McNemar test). The
      addition of Granada agar was responsible for a 15% higher rate of detection of
      GBS carriers. As a result of this study, both participating hospitals will use a
      combination of Granada agar with Columbia blood agar for optimal GBS screening in
      the future.

PMID- 13680395
TI  - First case of primary multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis in a HIV
      infected patient in Hungary.

PMID- 13680396
TI  - Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction in leptospirosis.

PMID- 13680398
TI  - High-dose liposomal amphotericin B in the therapy of systemic candidiasis in
      neonates.
AB  - High-dose (5-7 mg/kg/day) liposomal amphotericin B was evaluated prospectively
      during the period 1995-2001 in 41 episodes of systemic candidiasis occurring in
      37 neonates (36 of the 37 were premature infants with very low birth weights).
      Median age at the onset of systemic candidiasis was 17 days. Candida spp. were
      isolated from blood in all patients and from urine, skin abscesses and peritoneal
      fluid in 6, 5 and 1 neonates, respectively. Candidiasis was due to Candida
      parapsilosis in 17 cases, Candida albicans in 15 cases, Candida tropicalis in 5
      cases, Candida guilliermondii in 2 cases, Candida glabrata in 2 cases and an
      unidentified Candida sp. in 1 case. Twenty-eight, five and eight infants received
      7, 6-6.5 and 5 mg/kg/day, respectively. Median duration of therapy was 18 days;
      median cumulative dose was 94 mg/kg. Fungal eradication was achieved in 39 of 41
      (95%) episodes; median duration of therapy until fungal eradication was 8.7+/-4.5
      days. Fungal eradication was achieved after 10.9+/-4.8 days in patients who had
      received previous antifungal therapy compared to 8.2+/-4.3 days in those treated
      with liposomal amphotericin B as first-line therapy. One patient died due to
      systemic candidiasis on day 12 of therapy. High-dose liposomal amphotericin B was
      effective and safe in the treatment of neonatal candidiasis. Fungal eradication
      was more rapid in patients treated early with high doses and in patients who
      received high-dose liposomal amphotericin B as first-line therapy.

PMID- 13680399
TI  - Aetiology and clinical presentation of mild community-acquired bacterial
      pneumonia.
AB  - A prospective study was initiated to analyse the bacterial aetiology and clinical
      picture of mild community-acquired pneumonia in Slovenia using the previously
      described Pneumonia Severity Index. Radiographically confirmed cases of pneumonia
      in patients treated with oral antibiotics in seven study centres were included.
      An aetiological diagnosis was attempted using culture of blood and sputum,
      urinary antigen testing for Streptococcus pneumoniae and Legionella pneumophila,
      and antibody testing for Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and
      Legionella pneumophila in paired serum samples. One hundred thirteen patients
      were evaluable for clinical presentation and 109 for aetiological diagnosis. At
      least one pathogen was detected in 62.4% patients. The most common causative
      agents were Mycoplasma pneumoniae in 24.8%, Chlamydia pneumoniae in 21.1%, and
      Streptococcus pneumoniae in 13.8% of patients. Dual infection was detected in
      8.3% of patients. Most patients suffered from cough, fatigue, and fever. Patients
      with atypical aetiology of pneumonia differed from those with typical bacterial
      pneumonia or pneumonia of unknown aetiology in age, presence of dyspnea, and
      bronchial breathing on lung auscultation. Patients with pneumococcal, chlamydial,
      and mycoplasmal infections differed in age, risk class, presence of dyspnea,
      bronchial breathing, and proteinuria. There was an overlap of other clinical
      symptoms, underlying conditions, and laboratory and radiographic findings among
      the groups of patients classified by aetiology. Since patients with mild
      community-acquired pneumonia exhibit similar clinical characteristics and,
      moreover, since a substantial proportion of cases are attributable to atypical
      bacteria, broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment seems to be recommended.

PMID- 13680400
TI  - Behavioural development in a matching-to-sample task and token use by an infant
      chimpanzee reared by his mother.
AB  - We investigated the behavioural and cognitive development of a captive male
      infant chimpanzee, Ayumu, raised by his mother, Ai. Here we report Ayumu's
      achievements up to the age of 2 years and 3 months, in the context of complex
      computer-controlled tasks. From soon after birth, Ayumu had been present during
      an experiment performed by his mother. The task consisted of two phases, a
      matching-to-sample task in which she received token rewards, and the insertion of
      these tokens into a vending machine to obtain food rewards. Ayumu himself
      received no reward or encouragement from humans for any of the actions he
      exhibited during the experiment. At the age of 9 months and 3 weeks, Ayumu
      performed his first matching-to-sample trial. At around 1 year and 3 months, he
      began to perform them consistently. Also during this period, he frequently stole
      food rewards from his mother. At 2 years and 3 months, Ayumu succeeded for the
      first time in inserting a token into the vending machine. Once he had succeeded
      in using a token, he performed both phases of the task in sequence 20 times
      consecutively. The infant's behaviour was not shaped by food rewards but by a
      strong motivation to copy his mother's behaviour. Our observations of Ayumu thus
      mirror the learning processes shown by wild chimpanzees.

PMID- 13680403
TI  - Oddity learning by African dwarf goats ( Capra hircus).
AB  - Seventeen African dwarf goats (adult females) were trained on oddity tasks using
      an automated learning device. One odd stimulus and three identical nonodd stimuli
      were presented on a screen divided into four sectors; the sector for the odd
      stimulus was varied pseudorandomly. Responses to the odd stimulus were deemed to
      be correct and were reinforced with food. In phase 1, the goats were trained on
      eight stimulus configurations. From trial to trial the odd discriminandum was
      either a + symbol or the letter S, and the nonodd discriminandum was the symbol
      not used as the odd one. In phase 2, the animals were similarly trained using an
      unfilled triangle or a filled (i.e., solid black) circle. In phase 3, three new
      discriminanda were used, an unfilled, small circle with radiating lines, an
      unfilled heart-shaped symbol, and an unfilled oval; which of the three
      discriminanda was odd and nonodd was varied from trial to trial. Following these
      training phases, a transfer test was given, which involved 24 new discriminanda
      sets. These were presented twice for a total of 48 transfer test trials. Results
      early in training showed approximately 25% correct, which might be expected by
      chance in a four-choice task. After 500-2,000 trials, results improved to
      approximately 40-44% correct. The best-performing subject reached 60-80% correct
      during training. On the transfer test, this subject had 47.9% correct and that
      significantly exceeded 25% expected by chance. This finding suggests that some
      exceptional individuals of African dwarf goats are capable of learning the oddity
      concept.

PMID- 13680401
TI  - Role of mothers in the acquisition of tool-use behaviours by captive infant
      chimpanzees.
AB  - This article explores the maternal role in the acquisition of tool-use behaviours
      by infant chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes). A honey-fishing task, simulating
      ant/termite fishing found in the wild, was introduced to three dyads of
      experienced mother and naive infant chimpanzees. Four fishing sites and eight
      sets of 20 objects to be used as tools, not all appropriate, were available. Two
      of the mothers constantly performed the task, using primarily two kinds of tools;
      the three infants observed them. The infants, regardless of the amount of time
      spent observing, successfully performed the task around the age of 20-22 months,
      which is earlier than has been recorded in the wild. Two of the infants used the
      same types of tools that the adults predominantly used, suggesting that tool
      selectivity is transmitted. The results also show that adults are tolerant of
      infants, even if unrelated; infants were sometimes permitted to lick the tools,
      or were given the tools, usually without honey, as well as permitted to observe
      the adult performances closely.

PMID- 13680405
TI  - Insightful contribution to empirical analyses of selective mutism (SM).

PMID- 13680406
TI  - ERP correlates of form and rhyme letter tasks in impaired reading children: a
      critical evaluation.
AB  - Event-related potentials (ERPs) were obtained from 15 electrode sites in six
      average and six impaired reading children, 12 years of age, during visual letter
      discrimination tasks. Subjects responded to target letters with an enclosed area
      in the form task and to letters that rhymed with "e" in the rhyme task. Response
      accuracy was similar between the groups. Reaction time was relatively longer for
      the impaired group during the rhyme task. At lateral sites, condition differences
      were evident as greater negative shifts in the rhyme task than the form at 170
      and 470 ms as well as a delayed late positivity for the rhyme. In terms of
      reading ability, the average readers' ERPs were more negative than those of the
      impaired group at 270 and 450 ms. Inter-hemispheric variations were also seen
      between the groups, with the average readers more negative than the impaired
      readers at right hemisphere sites. Contrary to expectations, group differences in
      the ERP did not vary substantially as a function of condition, and task demands
      were evaluated in view of these findings.

PMID- 13680407
TI  - Arithmetic difficulties in children with visuospatial learning disability (VLD).
AB  - Eighteen children with visuospatial learning disability (VLD) were compared to
      normal control children on a series of numerical and calculation tasks. Oral and
      written (dictated) calculation was assessed and operations differed not only in
      terms of the type of number processing requirements but also in terms of their
      visuospatial demand. The aim was to disentangle errors due to visuospatial
      processing failure from those deriving from incorrect knowledge of calculation
      procedures. Results showed that all children had relatively good knowledge of
      numerical facts and there was no statistical difference between the groups. No
      group difference was found in the overall performance in oral calculation, but a
      significant difference was present when the children were required to complete
      the operations in writing, with the VLD group achieving poorer performance than
      the controls. Furthermore, VLD children had greater difficulties when operations
      required borrowing or carrying; this was particularly problematic in
      subtractions. The results indicate that VLD children do not have a generalised
      problem with calculation per se or number manipulation in general. Rather their
      problems concern dealing with some processes that govern calculation especially
      those loading on visuospatial abilities.

PMID- 13680408
TI  - A case of partial biotinidase deficiency associated with autism.
AB  - We report the case of a child with partial biotinidase deficiency and autistic
      developmental disorder. We arrived at the diagnosis of biotinidase deficiency
      when the child was almost 4 years of age. Consequently, he began cofactor biotin
      treatment (10 mg daily) which did not resolve his autistic behavior. His younger
      brother was affected by partial biotinidase deficiency diagnosed at birth through
      our neonatal screening program. He was precociously treated with cofactor biotin
      therapy (10 mg daily) and did not show any behavioral abnormality or
      developmental delay. Since the brain is quite vulnerable to biotin deficiency,
      delayed biotin therapy could result in neurological damage. Our patient is the
      first case of partial biotinidase deficiency associated with autism. We
      hypothesize that the low biotinidase activity could have caused biotin deficiency
      in his brain and cerebrospinal fluids and consequently serious neurological
      problems, such as stereotyped and autistic behaviors, which were irreversible in
      spite of biotin supplementation.

PMID- 13680409
TI  - Word memory test performance in children.
AB  - One-hundred and thirty-five children between the ages of 7 and 18 years were
      evaluated clinically. Their diagnoses included Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) or
      Effects, Schizophrenia, Bipolar Mood Disorder, various neurological diseases,
      Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Conduct Disorder, Oppositional
      Defiant Disorder and learning disabilities. As part of a comprehensive
      neuropsychological assessment, the children were given the Word Memory Test (WMT;
      Green, Allen, & Astner, 1996; Green & Astner, 1995), containing various subtests
      which measure, respectively, effort and verbal memory. Although age and verbal
      intelligence are known to affect scores on most ability tests, they were not
      found to be significant determinants of WMT effort scores. Younger children did
      not score any lower on the effort subtests than older children. The children
      scored as well as a group of parents seeking custody of their children and they
      scored higher than adult patients with mild head injuries. The computerized WMT
      requires some basic reading skills and some children with lower than a grade 3
      reading level scored at a relatively low level on the effort subtests. The
      current data suggest that most children with at least a grade 3 reading level can
      pass the WMT using the adult criteria. It is concluded that the WMT is
      potentially useful in the evaluation of effort during pediatric
      neuropsychological evaluations. Further research is needed to replicate these
      findings and to develop child norms for the memory subtests.

PMID- 13680410
TI  - Visual-sequential and visuo-spatial skills in dyslexia: variations according to
      language comprehension and mathematics skills.
AB  - This study focused on visual-sequential and visuo-spatial functions in a group of
      39 heavily dyslexic children, compared to a Control group. Mean age was 12.72 (SD
      1.71). The dyslexia group was divided into three subgroups by language
      comprehension and mathematics skills. Only on a visual-sequential task was no
      difference seen between the groups. The main differences occurred between the two
      dyslexic subgroups with no language comprehension impairment, but with varying
      mathematics skills. Whereas the subgroup with good mathematics skills scored
      within the upper ranges, the mathematics-impaired subgroup showed significantly
      lower scores. The third dyslexic subgroup, with both language comprehension and
      mathematics impairments, performed within the norm. The study indicates a
      dissociation between language comprehension and visuo-spatial skills in dyslexia,
      which has implications for how variations in dyslexia should be understood. The
      results also show that the visuo-spatial impairments seen in one of the dyslexia
      subgroups lead to two ways of understanding mathematics impairment when it co
      occurs with dyslexia: (1) as a visuo-spatial problem; (2) as a linguistic
      problem. These distinctions should imply different intervention strategies in
      dyslexia.

PMID- 13680411
TI  - Statistical practices: the seven deadly sins.
AB  - This paper discusses selected problems in applied statistical analysis: (a) over
      reliance on null hypothesis statistical testing, (b) failing to perform a power
      analysis prior to conducting the study, (c) using asymptotic statistical
      approximations with small samples, (d) ignoring missing data, (e) failing to deal
      with the multiplicity problem when performing multiple statistical comparisons,
      (f) using stepwise procedures to select variables in regression analysis, and (g)
      failing to perform or report model diagnostics. Suggestions and guidelines to
      address these issues in manuscripts concerning child neuropsychological research
      are offered.

PMID- 13680419
TI  - The relationship between performance-based visual acuity screening, self-reported
      visual acuity, and neuropsychological performance.
AB  - Despite frequent cautions in the literature concerning the importance of visual
      acuity in neuropsychological testing, there are few published empirical
      investigations of what constitutes "sufficient" visual acuity, nor are there
      published guidelines for performance-based visual screening techniques. The
      current study attempted to validate the utility of a visual acuity screening
      technique by examining individuals with varying visual ability on
      neuropsychological measures. Results revealed declines on neuropsychological
      measures associated with reduced visual acuity, as well as discrepancies between
      self-reported and measured visual acuity, with neuropsychological performance
      being more closely related to a performance-based measure of visual acuity than
      to self-reported visual acuity. Clinical implications are discussed.

PMID- 13680420
TI  - Limitations of the Oral Trail Making Test in a mixed sample of older individuals.
AB  - The utility of the Oral Trail Making Test (OTMT), a motor and visual-free
      alternative to the traditional Trail Making Test, was examined in 86 older (> or
      =60 years old) medical inpatients and 30 healthy controls. The OTMT-Part B
      evidenced a moderate correlation with the MMSE, and individuals with medical
      conditions that affect cognition displayed a high failure rate (more than five
      errors or 300+s). Moderate education effects were present for the OTMT-Part B.
      Thus, the current study suggests caution when employing this test and the above
      noted cutoffs with older medical patients or those with lower levels of
      education.

PMID- 13680421
TI  - Assessment of memory skills in illiterates: strategy differences or test
      artifact?
AB  - Previous studies have reported that illiterates perform more poorly than
      literates on a variety of neuropsychological measures. We investigated the
      hypothesis that putative memory deficits in illiterates are an artifact of the
      assessment tools used rather than a reflection of an 'underdeveloped' ability. In
      order to accomplish this, we designed two tests, a word list learning test and an
      object learning test. The illiterate group performed more poorly than
      semiliterate and literate groups on most variables of the word list learning
      test, but only on delayed recall and semantic clustering on the object learning
      test. Our findings suggest that poor memory performance among illiterates can be
      attributed both to the nature of the task, as well as to the use of different
      cognitive mechanisms to recall learned information. Presumably, formal education
      may enhance the innate ability of learning through training individuals in
      efficient learning and retrieval strategies. We emphasize the importance of
      developing and using ecologically valid neuropsychological tests to assess
      illiterate individuals.

PMID- 13680422
TI  - Validity of the WCST-64 after traumatic brain injury.
AB  - The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test-64 (WCST-64) is a recent modification of the
      Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) that utilizes only one deck of cards. The
      present study investigated the validity of the WCST-64 in a sample of 100
      patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Mean T scores for Perseverative
      Responses were more than half a standard deviation lower for the WCST-64 than for
      the full-length version, even though the respective variables shared almost two
      thirds of common variance. Moreover, about a quarter of the sample had a T score
      discrepancy between the respective Perseverative Responses indexes that was
      greater than one standard deviation. The findings indicate that the WCST-64
      cannot be used interchangeably with the original WCST, at least not in patients
      with TBI.

PMID- 13680423
TI  - The Turkish version of the Auditory Consonant Trigram Test as a measure of
      working memory: a normative study.
AB  - The following study was conducted to adapt the Auditory Consonant Trigram Test
      (ACT) to Turkish, acquire a new and larger set of normative data, and finally
      investigate the reliability and validity of the adapted version. The data were
      collected from a sample of 236 healthy individuals. To test the validity of the
      Turkish version of ACT, the normative results of ACT were first compared with
      those obtained from the Digit Span Test (DST) backwards section. Secondly, the
      ACT performance of 53 schizophrenic patients was compared with that of a matched
      group selected from the normative sample. Age and education variables influenced
      performance, whereas gender did not in the normal sample. The ACT and DST
      backwards scores were positively correlated. As expected, the ACT performance was
      worse in schizophrenic patients compared to controls. The internal consistency of
      the adapted version of ACT was found to be at a reliable level (alpha=0.8535).
      The Turkish version of ACT can be considered to be a reliable and valid measure
      of working memory.

PMID- 13680424
TI  - The ecological validity of pediatric neuropsychological tests of attention.
AB  - Neuropsychological tests are frequently used clinically to predict real-world, or
      adaptive functioning; however, there are too few data to support such
      predictions. The relationship between adaptive functioning and, in particular,
      attention tests, has not been documented. The present study sought to determine
      the association between several domains of attention and adaptive functioning in
      a heterogeneous clinical sample of 119 children. A significant omnibus canonical
      correlation (Rc=.54) indicated that attention and adaptive functioning are
      correlated even when controlling for intelligence. Tests of attention and
      adaptive functioning domains that give rise to the overall association are
      discussed in terms of their clinical utility.

PMID- 13680425
TI  - Digit Symbol-Incidental Learning in the WAIS-III: construct validity and clinical
      significance.
AB  - We analyzed WAIS-III/WMS-III standardization data for evidence of the construct
      validity and clinical utility of the Digit Symbol-Incidental Learning procedures
      (Pairing and Free Recall). Scores on both tests correlated moderately with WMS
      III memory index scores (mean r=.38 for Pairing and .36 for Free Recall). Cutoff
      scores can be used to identify younger and older adults likely to suffer from
      memory impairment. In the standardization sample (which excludes neurological
      patients), these have moderate positive predictive power (averaging .56 if either
      test yields a positive finding), moderate negative predictive power (.76), and
      high specificity (.88), but low sensitivity (.35). In a clinical sample, the same
      cutoff scores were much more sensitive, correctly identifying 88% of a group of
      patients with Alzheimer's Disease. Examinees who obtain these low scores should
      receive follow-up memory testing. Very high scores are associated with a reduced
      risk of memory impairment.

PMID- 13680426
TI  - Letter and semantic fluency in older adults: effects of mild depressive symptoms
      and age-stratified normative data.
AB  - Depression induced cognitive impairment, also referred to as the dementia
      syndrome of depression or pseudodementia, has been well characterized, yet the
      extent to which the more common mild depressive symptoms influence cognition has
      not been well studied. We sought to identify the influence of mild depressive
      symptoms on verbal fluency performance in a large sample of healthy community
      dwelling older adults. Letter and semantic fluency testing was conducted on 188
      participants (ages 60-92 years) with no known history of neurologic or
      psychiatric disease. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Geriatric
      Depression Scale (GDS). A total of 39 subjects obtained GDS scores consistent
      with mild depressive symptoms (GDS=10-19), and 149 subjects were identified as
      not depressed (GDS<10). ANOVA indicated that subjects with mild depressive
      symptoms performed significantly worse than normal controls on letter fluency
      (p<.05), but there was no significant difference between the groups on semantic
      fluency. Analysis of the nondepressed group stratified into young-old, middle
      old, and oldest-old revealed a significant decline in semantic (p<.001) but not
      letter fluency with age. The nondepressed young-old showed the expected advantage
      for word list generation to semantic as compared to letter categories, yet this
      pattern was reversed in the older age groups, where letter fluency scores
      exceeded semantic fluency scores. Our results suggest that the presence of even
      mild depressive symptoms may confound using letter versus category discrepancies
      in the differential diagnosis of dementia. Further, our findings suggest that the
      commonly used strategy of examining letter-semantic fluency discrepancies may not
      be relevant for individuals of advanced age. Age-stratified normative data for
      fluency testing in older adults is also provided.

PMID- 13680427
TI  - Reduced writing and reading speed and age-related changes in verbal fluency
      tasks.
AB  - The present study examined the influence of age-related decline in psychomotor
      speed on verbal fluency tasks. Reading speed, handwriting speed, written fluency,
      oral fluency, vocabulary, and years of formal education were measured in a sample
      of healthy volunteers (N=101) ranging in age from 20 to 88 years. Multiple
      regression analyses revealed that reading and handwriting speed strongly
      predicted verbal fluency performance. These measures, together with vocabulary
      skills and mental status, were significant predictors of performance on the
      fluency tasks. Present results suggest that decrement in verbal fluency
      performance in the aged may, at least partially, be due to reduced psychomotor
      speed rather than to decline in linguistic or cognitive functions.

PMID- 13680428
TI  - Association between Dementia Rating Scale performance and neurocognitive domains
      in Alzheimer's disease.
AB  - The Dementia Rating Scale (DRS; Mattis, 1976, 1988) is commonly used in the
      assessment of dementia, although little is known about the relationship of
      performance on this test to specific cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease
      (AD). Additionally, cognitive profiles have not been investigated across
      different levels of dementia as determined by the DRS. A sample of 133
      individuals diagnosed with possible or probable AD was administered the DRS as
      part of a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation. Composite scores for the
      cognitive domains of attention, executive functioning, visuospatial skills,
      language abilities, immediate recall, and delayed memory were derived by
      averaging demographically corrected T scores of key measures. Individual domain
      scores were also averaged to develop a global index score. Pearson correlations
      between composite and total DRS scores were highly significant (p<.001) for all
      domains and the global index score, with the exception of delayed memory, which
      showed a floor effect. When the sample was divided into mild and moderate-to
      severe groups to examine the effects of disease severity on the relationship
      between the DRS and standard neurocognitive domain scores, the resulting mean
      neuropsychological profile scores were significantly different while maintaining
      a parallel pattern of impairment across domains. Results demonstrate the
      relationship between the DRS and standard cognitive domain functions, which
      appears to underscore the validity and robustness of the DRS in characterizing
      patterns of cognitive impairment across the AD spectrum.

PMID- 13680429
TI  - Reliability and normative data for the Benton Visual Form Discrimination Test.
AB  - Visuoperceptual disorders are a common consequence of brain disease. The Visual
      Form Discrimination Test is a task designed to assess the ability to make fine
      visual discriminations. Although its validity to assess the visuoperceptual
      impairments in patients with different neurological conditions has been well
      established, the normative data base for the test has remained small. The
      clinical use of the test has been limited by the scanty normative data available.
      Thus, with the aim of assisting the clinicians in interpreting more accurately
      the performances of their patients we investigated the test-retest reliability of
      the Benton's VFDT and also provide normative data obtained on a sample of 397
      healthy individuals.

PMID- 13680430
TI  - Unirhinal norms for the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test.
AB  - Adult normative data are presented for unirhinal administration of the University
      of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT). Two-hundred and seventy
      healthy adults, aged 15-64, were administered half of the UPSIT (20 items) to
      each nostril. The main findings were: (1) unirhinal and birhinal performance are
      not equivalent necessitating the use of unirhinal norms, rather than prorated
      birhinal norms, (2) unirhinal performance does not differ according to nostril of
      presentation, (3) unirhinal performance does not differ according to sex, (4)
      within the age ranges studied, age accounted for only a minor proportion of the
      variability, and (5) being a current smoker and having lower levels of formal
      education contributed to reduced unirhinal UPSIT scores. Correction factors are
      suggested for the education and smoking variables. Unirhinal evaluation may
      assist in further delineating the structural integrity of specific ipsilateral
      brain regions and potentially aid in differential diagnosis for a number of
      disorders.

PMID- 13680431
TI  - The other side of malingering: supernormality.
AB  - Supernormality refers to the tendency to systematically deny the presence of
      common symptoms (e.g., intrusive thoughts). The current article describes the
      psychometric qualities of a 37-item self-report measure of supernormality (i.e.,
      Supernormality Scale; SS). The SS was administered to nonclinical individuals
      (n=95), noncriminal psychiatric patients (n=28), nonpsychiatric delinquents
      (n=49), and a heterogeneous sample of forensic patients (n=59). Within the
      healthy control sample, some employees were instructed to feign supernormal
      behaviour, while others were asked to respond honestly to SS items. Findings
      indicate that the SS demonstrates adequate test-retest stability and internal
      consistency. In the forensic patient sample, elevated SS scores were significant
      related to denial of intrusive thoughts in a thought suppression paradigm.
      However, accuracy parameters for the SS (i.e., sensitivity and specificity)
      showed that there is room for improvement. Nevertheless, our findings indicate
      that the SS might be a useful research tool for measuring denial of common
      symptoms.

PMID- 13680432
TI  - Noncredible cognitive performance in the context of severe brain injury.
AB  - In two litigating patients with histories of severe brain injury (i.e., coma > or
      =2 days and residual brain imaging abnormalities), noncredible cognitive
      symptomatology was demonstrated by: (1) "failed" performance on multiple
      cognitive "effort" tests, (2) noncredible performance on standard
      neuropsychological instruments, (3) questionable validity of personality
      inventory profiles, and (4) marked inconsistency in test performance across
      testing evaluations or marked inconsistency between test scores and activities of
      daily living documented through surveillance videotapes. Some patients with
      severe traumatic brain injury show substantial, if not full recovery, and in a
      litigating context, may feign cognitive symptoms. These cases indicate that tests
      to verify cognitive effort should be routinely administered to all patients in
      litigation or who have other motive to feign symptoms, not just patients with
      mild or questionable brain injury.

PMID- 13680433
TI  - Specificity of malingering detection strategies in older adults using the CVLT
      and WCST.
AB  - Strategies for the detection of possible malingering have largely taken two
      forms. First is the development and validation of domain-specific measures of
      malingering designed specifically for the detection of malingering (e.g., Test Of
      Memory Malingering, Word Memory Test, and Word Completion Memory Test). The
      second has been the development and evaluation of performance patterns and cutoff
      scores applicable to commonly used neuropsychological instruments. Two such
      instruments that have been examined are the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST)
      and the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT). While several studies propose
      possible cutoff scores and actuarial judgement strategies for these tests, the
      specificity of these strategies within older, nonimpaired adults has not been
      established. Without proper evaluation of potential age-related effects within
      these strategies, the actual utility of the strategies within suspected
      malingerers who are older adults is unknown. Therefore, the present study was
      conducted to evaluate the specificity of the proposed strategies for detecting
      possible malingering with the WCST and the CVLT in a sample of older, community
      dwelling, nonimpaired adults. The results suggest that the currently existing
      WCST formulas may have limited utility for the detection of malingering with
      older adults while the CVLT strategies do appear to have potential clinical
      utility. The potential of these formulas for use with older adults is discussed.

PMID- 13680434
TI  - Relationships between eight measures of suspect effort.
AB  - Previous studies have recommended that multiple measures be employed concurrently
      to provide converging evidence regarding the presence of suspect effort during
      neuropsychological assessment. However, if the tests are highly correlated they
      do not represent independent sources of information. To date, no study has
      examined correspondence between effort tests. The present study assessed the
      relationships between eight measures which can be used to assess effort (Rey 15
      item, Rey Dot Counting Test, Rey Word Recognition Test, RAVLT recognition trial,
      Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test effort equation, Digit Span, Warrington
      Recognition Memory Test-Words, and "b" Test) in a sample of 105 patients in
      litigation or attempting to obtain/maintain disability compensation and who
      displayed noncredible symptoms based on psychometric performance and behavioral
      criteria. Modest to moderate correlations were observed between test summary
      scores with only two measures sharing more than 50% score variance (Digit Span
      and Dot Counting). Moderate correlations were also observed between individual
      test scores reflecting indices of response time, free recall, recognition, and
      false positive errors, providing possible evidence that patients may use specific
      strategies when producing noncredible performances. Overall the results suggest
      that the use of these various tests generally provides nonredundant data
      regarding patient credibility in neuropsychological evaluations.

PMID- 13680435
TI  - Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Third Edition findings in relation to severity
      of brain injury in litigants.
AB  - WAIS-III findings were reported for 150 litigants, classified into three groups
      according to severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI), and a general population
      control group. There was a significant "dose response" relationship between TBI
      severity and all Index/IQ scores. Effect size was greatest for the Processing
      Speed Index (PSI). Between group differences were significant on all subtests
      except Information and Digit Span. Effect sizes were greatest for Digit Symbol,
      Symbol Search, Similarities, and Picture Arrangement. Relative to the control
      group, there was a significant difference for the Severe and Extremely Severe TBI
      groups on all IQ/Index scores and most subtests. The Moderate TBI group differed
      significantly on one Index (the PSI) and none of the subtests. Clinical
      implications of the findings are discussed in relation to the utility of the WAIS
      III in assessing the cognitive sequelae of TBI, the use of current WAIS-III IQ
      scores to assess intelligence-memory discrepancies, WAIS-III short forms, and
      estimation of premorbid intelligence.

PMID- 13680438
TI  - Effects of past noninjection drug abuse upon executive function and working
      memory in HIV infection.
AB  - Interactive effects of past noninjection drug abuse/dependence and HIV disease
      status upon measures of executive function were assessed in a group of 294
      homosexual men. Participants were stratified according to HIV status and
      substance use diagnoses, thereby yielding a 4 (seronegative, asymptomatic
      seropositive, symptomatic seropositive, and AIDS defining illness) x 2 (never
      abused drugs, previous substance use disorder) design. Significant main effects
      of HIV status were found on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Ruff Figural Fluency
      Test, Trail Making Test B, and total number of impaired performances. Analyses
      revealed that men with AIDS defining illness performed worse than the other three
      groups. Drug use history had no significant effect upon neurobehavioral function,
      and effect sizes for drug abuse history were small. The data suggest that prior
      drug use yields little if any residual cognitive impairment in HIV infection.

PMID- 13680439
TI  - Subtypes of emotional and behavioural sequelae in patients with traumatic brain
      injury.
AB  - This study examined patterns of emotional and behavioural sequelae in 300
      individuals who sustained a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Participants were
      obtained through the Adult Acquired Brain Injury Program at Chedoke Hospital in
      Hamilton, Ontario, based on the following inclusionary criteria: (1) single
      incident of TBI; (2) no history of additional neurological diseases; (3) time
      postinjury < or =8.5 years; (4) WAIS-R FSIQ >85 and/or estimated reading skills
      above grade 5 level; and (5) valid Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
      (MMPI) profiles (i.e., F<90, L<66, and K<66). MMPI profiles of these individuals,
      in randomly split samples of 150 per group, were subjected to a three-step
      cluster analytic approach. A six-cluster solution was adequately replicated
      across samples and across clustering techniques. The identified subtypes included
      profiles indicative of: (1) no concerns or normal functioning; (2) mild somatic
      and pain concerns; (3) mild internalizing difficulties; (4) marked disinhibition
      and externalizing behavioural difficulties; (5) marked internalizing
      difficulties; and (6) marked somatic, internalizing, and externalizing
      behavioural disturbances. Members of the Externalized subtype were significantly
      younger in age than those in the other five subtypes, and more likely to be
      single than those in the Internalized subtype. Individuals in the Internalized
      subtype tended to be married, have longer times postaccident, and lower WAIS-R
      Verbal Intelligence Quotients than those comprising the Normal subtype.

PMID- 13680440
TI  - Self-ordered pointing performance following severe closed-head injury.
AB  - This study investigated executive aspects of working memory in a severe closed
      head injured (CHI) population. Thirty-four severe CHI participants (>1 year
      postinjury) and 34 controls completed an abstract design version of Petrides and
      Milner's (1982) self-ordered pointing task. CHI participants made more errors
      than controls on the 16-item trial, but not the 9-item trial. Both CHI and
      control participants were able to make use of strategic processing to improve
      SOPT performance. As anticipated, errors on the SOPT were associated with another
      measure of working memory (i.e., Reading Span Test) for the control group. In
      contrast, for the CHI participants, errors on the SOPT were associated with a
      measure of delayed visual memory (i.e., Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised Visual
      Reproduction II subtest). Our findings suggest that, as a group, the primary
      factor resulting in poorer SOPT performance by the CHI group was a memory deficit
      and not the ability to utilize executive aspects of working memory.

PMID- 13680441
TI  - Content memory and temporal order memory for performed activities after severe
      closed-head injury.
AB  - Thirty severe closed-head injured (CHI) participants (more than 1 year
      postinjury) and 30 matched controls completed eight different cognitive
      activities. Participants' free recall and recognition of the activities provided
      a measure of content memory. Temporal order memory was assessed with a
      reconstruction task. CHI participants recalled and recognized fewer activities
      than did controls. However, the CHI and control groups did not differ in temporal
      order memory. For both groups, recognition memory was not correlated with
      temporal order memory. These results demonstrate intact temporal order memory for
      performed activities in a severe CHI population, and support the notion of
      separate processing of content memory and order information. Issues related to
      automaticity and the roles of the frontal lobes in temporal order memory are also
      discussed.

PMID- 13680442
TI  - Organizational and visual memory deficits in schizophrenia and bipolar psychoses
      using the Rey-Osterrieth complex figure: effects of duration of illness.
AB  - Verbal declarative memory deficits in schizophrenia are well documented whereas
      visual declarative memory is less studied. Moreover, there are limited data on
      whether organizational and visual memory deficits are specific to schizophrenic
      psychoses. We compared visual memory and organizational function in patients with
      chronic schizophrenia (n=79) and chronic bipolar psychotic disorder (n=14), and
      in healthy controls (n=84) using the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF),
      testing whether organizational impairments (i.e., executive dysfunctions) account
      for the visual memory deficit. Groups were comparable on age, handedness and
      expected intellectual ability (based on single word reading). Using analyses of
      covariance with sex, parental SES and ethnicity as co-variates, patients with
      schizophrenia were significantly more impaired than controls on copy accuracy, on
      recall accuracy, and on percent accuracy of recall. Patients with schizophrenia
      used a more detail-oriented style on copy and recall and had significantly worse
      recognition memory. After co-varying IQ, copy organization was also significantly
      different between the groups. Results for accuracy of copy and recall were not
      significantly attenuated when controlling for copy organization. Duration of
      illness was associated with visual memory. Bipolar patients performed at an
      intermediate level between controls and patients with schizophrenia. The data
      suggest that in schizophrenia, patients have a visual memory disorder
      characterized by both organizational processing impairments and retention
      difficulties, and that there is a decline in visual memory functions with
      duration of illness. Further research is required to determine whether similar
      mechanisms underlie the neurocognitive deficits in these psychotic disorders.

PMID- 13680443
TI  - An investigation of working memory rehearsal in multiple sclerosis using fMRI.
AB  - The present study examined patterns of cerebral activation during a working
      memory (WM) rehearsal task in individuals diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS)
      and in healthy adults. BOLD functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was
      performed using a 1.5 T GE scanner to assess activation during a WM task adapted
      from the Sternberg paradigm (Sternberg, 1969). Participants included 8
      individuals diagnosed with MS, and 5 healthy controls (HCs) matched for age and
      education. Task difficulty was manipulated by increasing the length of time that
      strings of letters were to be rehearsed. Findings revealed increased right
      prefrontal cortex activation and increased right temporal lobe activation in
      individuals diagnosed with MS compared to HCs. The potential explanations for
      increased right hemisphere activation in persons with MS are discussed.

PMID- 13680444
TI  - A validation of the test of memory malingering in a forensic psychiatric setting.
AB  - The Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) has not been adequately validated in a
      forensic psychiatric setting. Dissimulation of cognitive impairment, as assessed
      by the TOMM, was evaluated in a group of 25 forensic inpatients admitted for
      evaluation of Competency to Stand Trial (CST/MSO group), and hypothesized to be
      at higher risk for feigning cognitive impairment. A comparison group of 36
      patients, who were either civilly committed or adjudicated Not Guilty by Reason
      of Insanity (CIVIL/NGRI group), were hypothesized to be less likely to feign
      cognitive impairment. Groups were comparable in age, education, premorbid
      intelligence, and psychiatric symptom severity. Significantly more CST/MSO
      patients (36%) scored below a recommended TOMM cutoff score relative to
      CIVIL/NGRI patients (6%). Findings indicate excellent specificity and modest
      sensitivity, and generally support the validity of the TOMM in a forensic
      psychiatric population. The utility of different cutoff scores and need for
      multiple indicators of effort are discussed.

PMID- 13680445
TI  - Discrimination of normal from demented elderly on a Spanish version of the verbal
      Selective Reminding Test.
AB  - The verbal Selective Reminding Test (vSRT) is a frequently used test for
      evaluating verbal learning and memory. In the present study we investigated the
      construct validity of a Spanish version of the vSRT by determining its ability to
      distinguish between a group of healthy elderly subjects and a group of patients
      with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT). Further validation of the test was
      assessed by comparing the pattern of memory deficits found in the group of
      patients with DAT with findings from previous neuropsychological research
      concerning with memory impairments in English-speaking patients with Alzheimer's
      disease. Analyses revealed that the test was able to differentiate normal
      individuals from patients with DAT. In addition the pattern of memory functioning
      found in the group of patients with DAT was consistent with findings of previous
      experimental and clinical reports. These results support the construct validity
      of the Spanish version of the vSRT.

PMID- 13680446
TI  - Hands, arms, and minds: interactions between posture and thought.
AB  - Based on earlier reports of inconsistent postural preferences in psychiatric
      populations, we assessed arm folding (AF) and hand clasping (HC) postures in 361
      healthy right-handers with different degrees of magical ideation (MI). Subjects
      generally preferred the congruent combination of a left-arm-top (AF) and a left
      thumb-top position (HC). Incongruent subjects, in particular those with a right
      arm-top/left-thumb-top position, scored higher on MI than did congruent subjects.
      Our main finding was thus an association between a style of thinking (MI) and
      lateral preferences for limb postures, inconsistent across distal (primarily
      contralaterally innervated) and more proximal (more bilaterally innervated) parts
      of the body. This association is interpreted in the frame of lesser hemispheric
      asymmetries in subjects bordering to schizotypal personalities.

PMID- 13680447
TI  - Learning-disabled brains: a review of the literature.
AB  - In this paper, we review the literature investigating the neurophysiological
      correlates of learning disabilities (LD). The focus is placed on the
      developmental presentations of LD and not on learning difficulties that arise as
      a result of some form of acquired neurological insult. Following a brief
      historical overview of research in this area, we examine evidence from
      investigations of brain morphology and of functional brain systems in individuals
      with LD. The studies reviewed include those that have employed postmortem
      examinations, neuroimaging techniques, or electrophysiological procedures. We
      summarize the major morphological and functional distinctions between individuals
      with LD and nonimpaired individuals. Finally, we make recommendations for future
      studies in this area, including the adoption of more widespread methodological
      conventions, and a greater consideration of nosological/classification and
      developmental issues.

PMID- 13680452
TI  - Conceptual organization in Alzheimer's dementia.
AB  - Although episodic memory impairment is usually the earliest feature of
      Alzheimer's Disease (AD), semantic memory deficits often occur during the course
      of the disease. The present study is the first to examine the conceptual
      organization of semantic memory with Chinese AD patients in Hong Kong. In the
      attempt to minimize the effects of the level of formal education, our procedure
      involved pictorial sorting tasks similar to the ones used in developmental
      literature on preschool children. The first condition involved a triadic
      comparison in which subjects were instructed to find one out of two choice
      objects which was most related to the target object. This condition was followed
      by the second condition that involved more specific instructions asking the
      subjects to find the taxonomic, thematic and shape associate of the target
      object. Results indicated that AD patients as compared to the controls tended to
      use more perceptual cues in categorization. The tendency to use perceptual cues
      for categorization was found to increase with the severity of dementia. These
      results were discussed in light of the hypothesized structural alteration of
      semantic networks in AD.

PMID- 13680453
TI  - Investigation of supervisory attentional system functions in patients with
      Parkinson's disease using the Hayling task.
AB  - The study explored executive dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD) by using the
      Hayling test (Burgess & Shallice, 1996) and verbal fluency tasks (VFTs). PD
      patients showed longer response latencies than controls in both parts of the
      Hayling test (Section A/automatic and Section B/inhibition). Patients and
      controls did not differ in the proportion of errors or number of responses that
      revealed the use of strategies. PD patients also showed verbal fluency deficits
      in semantic, phonemic, and alternating fluency tasks. These impairments on tests
      known to be sensitive to frontal lobe dysfunction confirm executive or
      Supervisory Attentional System (Norman & Shallice, 1986) deficits and further
      indicate suppression skills impairments in PD.

PMID- 13680454
TI  - Ganser symptoms in a case of frontal-temporal lobe dementia: is there a common
      neural substrate?
AB  - Neuropsychological testing was completed in a patient who showed cognitive
      decline of mental functions, unusual answers to questions, and other
      characteristics of what has typically been described in the literature as the
      "Ganser Syndrome." Clear evidence of malingering on a memory test seemed to
      confirm that this patient was exaggerating deficits for psychiatric reasons or
      secondary gain, yet the patient showed evidence of mild organic impairment on MRI
      and continued to deteriorate in cognitive functions and basic self-care. Although
      an initial SPECT scan had suggested a pattern inconsistent with dementia, a
      second scan showed frontal-temporal perfusion deficits. Based on this scan and
      the clinical picture of progressive deterioration, a diagnosis of frontal
      temporal lobe dementia was made. This case illustrates that the seemingly
      deliberate selection of incorrect responses may occur in the early stages of an
      organic dementia, and that a diagnosis of frontal-temporal lobe dementia should
      be considered in cases where symptoms appear to be psychiatric or nonorganic. The
      case further raises the question of whether the reported symptoms of Ganser
      Syndrome may be accounted for by frontal-temporal lobe dysfunction, since there
      appears to be some overlap between symptoms of Ganser Syndrome and frontal
      temporal lobe dementia. It is also important to note that many reported cases of
      Ganser Syndrome had a history of head injury.

PMID- 13680455
TI  - Cortical modulation of whole body movements in brain-damaged patients.
AB  - The aim of the present study was to assess whether the consistent bias in
      reproducing distances and lengths on visual tasks that characterizes hemispatial
      neglect is also present when whole body displacements have to be calculated and
      reproduced. Two different experiments were proposed to participants with right
      brain lesions and neglect syndrome (RN+), right (RN-) and left brain lesions (LN
      ) without neglect and to participants without brain damage (C). In Experiment 1,
      participants actively reproduced passive linear displacements in the same or in a
      different direction. This task could be performed using only vestibular and
      somatosensory input, since no relevant visual input was available. In Experiment
      2, relevant visual information had to be integrated with vestibular and
      somatosensory information in order to make the active reproduction. In Experiment
      1, all brain-damaged groups reproduced the horizontal displacements similarly to
      the control group and without any spatial asymmetry. In Experiment 2, when
      vestibular, somatosensory and visually remembered information was required to
      produce an integrated mental representation, RN+ processed contralesional
      displacements differently from ipsilesional ones. Rectilinear displacements of
      the whole body in space were not affected by focal left and right brain lesions,
      suggesting that the computation of nonvisual information can be accomplished by
      brain structures different from those involved in spatial visual processes.
      However, when body displacements in space required a mental representation based
      on visual and nonvisual sensory information, a significant asymmetry appeared
      only in patients with hemispatial neglect. Some attempts are made to identify the
      neural substrates involved in this integration.

PMID- 13680456
TI  - Sensory temporal thresholds and interhemispheric transfer times in multiple
      sclerosis: a preliminary study of a new outcome measure.
AB  - This preliminary study investigated the potential of a cerebral lateralization
      technique that measures both, temporal judgements to sensory stimuli and
      interhemispheric transfer time (IHTT), as an outcome measure in multiple
      sclerosis (MS). Tactile stimulation was delivered to one or both hands by
      mechanical tactile stimulators. Pairs of light emitting diodes were presented to
      hemifields for visual stimulation. Response consisted of a binary forced-choice
      (YES/NO) judgement as to the simultaneity of the onset of pairs of stimuli. Both
      tactile and visual temporal thresholds were significantly higher in MS patients
      than controls in every presentation condition. IHTT estimates (threshold
      differences between unilateral and bilateral presentations) for the tactile and
      visual tasks were also significantly longer in patients than controls. Age
      correlated with sensory temporal thresholds for the control group only. These
      findings suggest that this technique may be a useful outcome measure in MS. We
      hypothesize that myelin injury slows central conduction therefore impairing the
      ability to judge the onset of sensory stimuli and increasing IHTTs.

PMID- 13680457
TI  - A comparison of MMPI-2 decision rules in the diagnosis of nonepileptic seizures.
AB  - The differential diagnosis of epileptic seizures (ES) and psychogenic
      nonepileptic seizures (PNES) continues to be a common concern in epilepsy
      treatment centers. The MMPI/MMPI-2 is the most commonly studied psychological
      measure in the differential diagnosis of ES and PNES. Wilkus, Dodrill, and
      Thompson (1984) and Derry and McLachlan (1996) both developed decision rules for
      use with the MMPI and MMPI-2 to assist in this diagnostic discrimination. Both
      sets of decision rules were evaluated in a sample of ES (n=58), PNES ( n=29) and
      epilepsy plus PNES (n=19) patients. Validity of the epilepsy diagnosis was
      established with 24-hr video-EEG monitoring in all cases. The two sets of
      decision rules applied to the MMPI-2 showed sensitivities of 68% and 48% and
      specificity values of 55% and 58%. Calculation of positive and negative
      predictive power for both sets of rules at three different base rates suggests
      that use of these rules can result in a large number of false positive diagnoses
      of PNES.

PMID- 13680458
TI  - Implicit learning in memory rehabilitation: a meta-analysis on errorless learning
      and vanishing cues methods.
AB  - The objective of this study was to present a quantitative review on the treatment
      effects of memory rehabilitation techniques based on intact implicit learning
      capacity in amnesic patients, that is, errorless learning and the method of
      vanishing cues. English-language journal articles focusing on these
      rehabilitation techniques were examined using MedLine (1966-2002) or PsychInfo
      (1887-2002), as well as additional papers listed in the references of these
      articles. Studies had to meet the following inclusion criteria: (1) original data
      were reported, (2) memory rehabilitation was studied in memory-impaired patients,
      (3) a control intervention was included, (4) exact scores were listed for both
      intervention conditions, or the exact statistics were presented. Studies were
      classified on the basis of the to-be-learned material and the method of
      intervention (errorless learning, vanishing cues, control intervention), patient
      characteristics were determined, and the tasks that were used were taken into
      account. Effect sizes and variances were computed for each individual study
      compared to control treatment using within-group statistics. A "large" and
      statistically significant ES was found for errorless learning treatment, but no
      significant ES was demonstrated for the vanishing cues method. The results of the
      present study show that the errorless learning technique is effective in amnesic
      patients. The effects on the vanishing cues method are only small (and
      nonsignificant).

PMID- 13680459
TI  - Recognition memory for high- and low-frequency words in adult normal and dyslexic
      readers: an event-related brain potential study.
AB  - Differences in word processing between adult developmental dyslexic (n = 12) and
      normal readers (n = 12) were studied using event-related brain potentials
      recorded while subjects performed a recognition memory task. During the first
      part of the experiment, words were presented consecutively, and within this phase
      one third of the words were repeated. Subjects had to indicate whether a given
      word had previously been seen or not. After a delay of 1 hr, a second phase was
      administered. Here, another list containing 33% old words (presented in Phase 1)
      and 66% new words was shown and an old/new decision was required. In both
      categories, half of the words presented in either phase were of high normative
      frequency, and the other half were of low-frequency in the German language.
      Recognition performance was superior in normal readers for both high- and low
      frequency words. In Phase 1, a fronto-centrally distributed N400 repetition
      effect discriminated between correctly identified old and new words (new words
      more negative). This effect was present for dyslexic as well as normal readers
      and for high- and low-frequency words. Between 450 and 800 ms, a 'P600 old/new
      effect' emerged (ERPs evoked by old words were more positive than those for new
      words). This effect was larger for low-frequency words. In Phase 2, an old/new
      effect was obtained for normal readers only. These findings are discussed in
      relation to current concepts of dyslexia and of semantic processing.

PMID- 13680460
TI  - Declarative and procedural learning in individuals with subclinical obsessive
      compulsive symptoms.
AB  - Previous neuropsychological research suggests that psychometrically defined
      subclinical obsessive-compulsive (OC) individuals perform worse than non-OC
      controls on specific tests of executive functioning. This study aimed to extend
      these findings by comparing the performance of 25 subclinical OC and 28 non-OC
      control subjects on measures of declarative learning (Rey Auditory Verbal
      Learning Test), motor procedural learning (star maze), spatial problem solving
      (single administration of the 3-disk version of the Tower of Hanoi; TH3), and
      "cognitive" procedural learning (repeated administrations of the 4-disk version
      of the Tower of Hanoi; TH4). In addition, the subjects were administered measures
      of general intelligence, anxiety and depression. No between-group differences
      were observed on measures of declarative and motor procedural learning.
      Subclinical OC subjects needed significantly more moves than controls to solve
      TH3, suggesting poorer spatial problem solving ability. A significant group x
      trial interaction on the TH4 suggested reduced cognitive skill acquisition in the
      subclinical OC group. However, performance on TH3 and TH4 was significantly
      correlated in the OC group but not in the control group, suggesting that the
      suboptimal acquisition of cognitive skills among subclinical OC subjects is more
      likely to be related to inefficient spatial problem solving strategies than to a
      cognitive procedural learning deficit per se. These results replicate and expand
      upon previous findings and support a dimensional model of Obsessive-Compulsive
      Disorder.

PMID- 13680461
TI  - Relation of neurological soft signs to nonverbal memory performance in obsessive
      compulsive disorder.
AB  - Few studies have examined the relation between neurological soft signs (NSS) and
      neuropsychological performance in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Thirty
      outpatients with primary OCD and 30 matched normal controls were administered the
      Cambridge Neurological Inventory and the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test
      (RCFT). A series of multiple regression models tested the relationship between
      NSS and performance on the RCFT. Patients presented significantly more
      neurological soft signs than controls on both sides of the body, and were
      impaired on the free recall and organization scores of the RCFT. Nonverbal memory
      deficits in OCD were predicted independently by organizational strategies during
      the copy condition of the RCFT, and neurological soft signs. There might be at
      least two variables independently mediating nonverbal memory deficits in OCD: (1)
      a cognitive organization and planning component, and (2) a complex motor
      regulatory component.

PMID- 13680462
TI  - Neuropsychological performance in HIV/AIDS intravenous drug users.
AB  - It is known that HIV can directly infect the CNS and, as a result of such
      infection, neuropsychological alterations with cognitive, behavioural and motor
      manifestations can be developed. In this study we seek to determine whether
      seropositivity is associated with a poor neuropsychological performance in
      patients with a history of intravenous drug consumption (n=90). For this purpose
      we carried out an extensive neuropsychological evaluation and compared their
      performance with that of two seronegative control groups, one comprised of
      subjects with no history of drug abuse (n=22), which allowed us to obtain a
      reference of normal neuropsychological performance, and the other of seronegative
      subjects with a history of drug abuse (n=48), which allowed us to differentiate
      whether the performance of the seropositive subjects derives from their history
      of drug abuse. The results reveal that HIV infection in drug users is associated
      with deficits in attention, verbal and visual memory, verbal skills, concept
      formation and reasoning, visual-constructive skills, manual dexterity, and
      perceptive-motor speed, which cannot be attributed to a history of drug abuse.
      However, the seronegative drug users also showed some of these alterations, which
      suggests that seropositivity is not only associated with a decrease in
      performance in these tasks, but also adds to the alterations seen in seronegative
      subjects as a consequence of drug abuse.

PMID- 13680463
TI  - Neuropsychological performance in patients with depression is associated with
      clinical, etiological and genetic risk factors.
AB  - The present study explores neuropsychological functioning in patients with
      depression with reference to key clinical, etiological and genetic features. In
      comparison to healthy volunteers, patients with severe depression demonstrated
      poorer performance on all neuropsychological tests except for WAIS-R Vocabulary
      and a 64-item computerized version of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. On
      average, patients exhibited significant impairments (greater than -2 standard
      deviation units) on tests of simple reaction time, Part B of the Trail Making
      Test and Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices. When performance decrements were
      analyzed with reference to key clinical features, patients with melancholia
      performed more poorly on WAIS-R Vocabulary, semantic fluency and choice reaction
      time than those with nonmelancholic depression. After controlling for age, those
      patients with late-onset depression (i.e., age of onset > or =50 years) exhibited
      poorer performance on a computerized version of the Tower of London test in
      comparison to those with an early onset. While there was no relationship between
      neuropsychological test scores and summed vascular risk factors or apolipoprotein
      E genotypes, presence of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene mutation
      was associated with slowed reaction time. The differential relationships between
      clinical, etiological and genetic risks and neuropsychological performance
      supports the presence of unique pathophysiological mechanisms in distinct
      subgroups of patients. These findings underscore the need to consider subtypes
      when investigating neuropsychological deficits in patients with depression.

PMID- 13680464
TI  - Comparing the Rey and Taylor complex figures: a test-retest study in young and
      older adults.
AB  - The Rey and Taylor figures, two visual perception and memory tests, are not
      equivalent in terms of their difficulty. The purpose of this study was to examine
      factors such as age, gender, order of administration, copy time, and copy score
      that could account for the variability in recall performance. Copy score was
      shown to be the best overall predictor of recall. Younger participants recalled
      more units than older participants on both complex figures. Furthermore, older
      participants appeared to benefit more from the presentation of the Taylor figure
      first compared to when they were presented with the Rey figure first. The present
      findings reveal the importance of test order and provide equations that can be
      used to facilitate the comparison of scores derived from the two figures in test
      retest situations.

PMID- 13680469
TI  - [Is it meaningful to differentiate between asthma and COPD in daily practice?].

PMID- 13680470
TI  - [Laser-based endoscopic measurement of airway dimensions].
AB  - Bronchoscopy is the technique of choice for the evaluation of a stenosis in the
      large airways. However, no system has been successfully employed for the
      bronchoscopic measurement of airway stenosis. The purpose of these study was the
      development and validation of a method for measuring the cross-sectional areas in
      the large airways. Furthermore, this application should be used for the 3D
      reconstruction and visualisation of airway stenosis. A laser probe inserted into
      the operating channel of the bronchoscope enabled assessment of the distance
      between the images and the tip of the bronchoscope by means of projecting a ring
      of light on to the endoluminal wall. Image distortion due to the wide-angle lens
      was corrected by a computer program developed by us. Plastic tubes with known
      diameters were used for validation. Additionally, distortion-corrected
      bronchoscopic images were compared with distortion-free videoscopic image
      analysis of tracheal slices taken from pigs. When plastic tubes were used, the
      correlation coefficient (r) was slightly higher (r = 0,99, p < 0,01) than the
      correlation of cross-sectional areas between bronchoscopic and videoscopic images
      of tracheal slices (r = 0,88, p < 0,01). Furthermore the system could be used in
      a few patients for 2D and 3D measurement and visualisation of airway stenosis.
      Application of the present method offer quantitative assessment of airway
      stenosis located in the large airways.

PMID- 13680471
TI  - [Respiratory diseases in European farmers-II. Part of the European farmers'
      project].
AB  - BACKGROUND: The aim of the European Farmers' Project was to estimate the
      prevalence of respiratory diseases in farmers across Europe. Furthermore, risk
      factors for respiratory symptoms in different parts of agricultural production
      should be assessed. METHODS: In the first part of the study, 7496 farmers from
      four European countries answered a written questionaire. Of these, 229 were
      visited at their farms in the second part of the survey. On site, spirometry,
      allergy tests, as well exposure measurements were performed. RESULTS: Farmers
      with animal production had a significantly lower prevalence of allergic diseases
      than the general population. In contrast, the prevalence of chronic phlegm was
      higher in animal farmers. Organic dust toxic syndrome (ODTS) was a major
      predictor of chronic bronchitis. It was indicated that allergens found in the
      working environment could be transfered to the living environment of the farmer.
      Poor ventilation as well as high temperatures inside the animal buildings were
      shown to have a negative impact on respiratory symptoms and lung function
      parameters. CONCLUSION: Animal farmers are at high risk of chronic bronchitis.
      Intervention studies on the efficacy of different types of ventilation are now
      warranted. Furthermore, prospective studies on the associaton between ODTS and
      COPD should be done.

PMID- 13680472
TI  - [Tiotropium (Spiriva) - a long-acting inhaled anticholinergic for the treatment
      of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)].
AB  - Anticholinergics are agents of first choice for the symptomatic treatment of
      patients with COPD. Tiotropium (Ba 679 BR, Spiriva) is a long-acting inhaled
      anticholinergic designed for once-daily bronchodilator treatment of COPD.
      Tiotropium is a selective antagonist of pulmonary M1 and M3 muscarinic receptor
      subtypes, that produces a long-lasting (24 hours), dose-dependent bronchodilation
      and bronchoprotection against constrictive stimuli, e. g. methacholine, following
      inhalation of single doses. Clinical trials with tiotropium in COPD patients over
      a maximum treatment duration of one year have confirmed a persisting
      bronchodilator effect of tiotropium compared with placebo and ipratropium, as
      well as meaningful clinical improvements in lung function, hyperinflation,
      exercise tolerance, symptom control and quality of life. Moreover, recent trials
      indicate that treatment with tiotropium also reduces the frequency of COPD
      exacerbations and hospitalizations. Comparative trials further suggest that the
      bronchodilator potency of tiotropium may be superior to those of available COPD
      treatments. Besides a higher incidence of dry mouth, the side effect profile was
      comparable to ipratropium bromide. In conclusion, present clinical data suggest
      that tiotropium has the potential of a first-line treatment for patients with
      COPD.

PMID- 13680473
TI  - [Isocyanates: occupational exposures and disorders].
AB  - Isocyanates are extensively used for the production of different foams and
      elastomers. They also serve as glues, lacquer hardeners, inks, adhesives,
      fillers, finishes, sealants, coating and insulation materials. Usually, their
      application results in inhalative, partly also in cutaneous uptake. This review
      describes occupational exposures to isocyanates as well as hazardous effects.
      Isocyanates are used in the automotive/mechanical engineering/building and
      construction/mining/casting/electricity and electronic/plastics/printing/timber
      and furniture/white goods and textile industry, partly also in medicine.
      Hazardous exposures to thermal degradation products of isocyanate-based
      polyurethanes and other materials have also be taken into consideration.
      Obstructive airway diseases are the major disorder caused by isocyanates. Rare
      cases suffer from extrinsic allergic alveolitis or eczema. In addition to
      regulation-based primary prevention qualitative medical surveillance mostly
      prevents disorders. There is also a need for the establishment of a validated
      biomonitoring of endangered employees.

PMID- 13680474
TI  - [Nosocomial pneumonia: prevention, diagnosis, treatment].

PMID- 13680488
TI  - Successful treatment of recalcitrant warts in pediatric patients with carbon
      dioxide laser.
AB  - AIM: Warts are difficult to treat and none of the several modes of treatment
      suggested for their cure has been proven to be the most effective. We evaluated
      the efficacy of a modification of the CO (2) laser technique for recalcitrant
      warts in pediatric patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: During a period of 5 years, 40
      consecutive pediatric patients (average age: 12.7 +/- 2.8 years) were treated by
      CO (2) laser for 54 recalcitrant warts. Previous treatments were caustic and/or
      surgical procedures (average 2.7 procedures). Local anesthesia or digital block
      was performed in all patients, with intravenous sedation in two patients. The
      laser was used at 5 W in super-pulse mode throughout the procedure. The skin was
      cut with the focused laser beam in a circular fashion, about 5 mm around the
      wart, until all the layers of the skin down to the subcutaneous tissue were
      penetrated. The lesion was drawn aside and excised, using the laser beam as a
      scalpel. No curettage was used. The base of the wart was then vaporized with the
      laser in a defocused fashion, until a clean surgical field was obtained. Follow
      up was weekly up to 1 month, and at 3, 6, and 12 months. RESULTS: Warts were
      located on fingers (24 cases), in the plantar area (10 cases), on hands (9
      cases), knees, and legs (4 cases each), arms (2 cases) and elbow (1 case). Twenty
      seven patients (67.5 %) had a solitary wart and the other 13 children had
      multiple warts (up to 6) at one or more locations. Fingers were the most common
      location of multiple warts (10 cases). All patients underwent the procedure in
      one session. No case of intractable operative bleeding, local infection, or
      prolonged exudative drainage was encountered. One patient complained of severe
      transient postoperative pain. The healing time was 4 to 5 weeks. At 12 months,
      there was no recurrence of the warts. No significant or disabling scarring was
      noticed, but hypopigmentation was noted in 11 cases (27.5 %). CONCLUSION: This
      technique provides a high success rate with minimal side effects and is well
      tolerated by young patients.

PMID- 13680489
TI  - Livaditis' circular myotomy does not decrease anastomotic leak rates and induces
      deleterious changes in anastomotic healing.
AB  - Considering that Livaditis' myotomy is still accepted as a good method for
      lengthening the esophagus to allow primary repair of long-gap esophageal atresia,
      the aim of this experimental study was to verify if this procedure decreases the
      incidence of leaks in anastomoses performed under severe tension. In addition, it
      was verified whether the myotomy promotes any morphological or biochemical change
      in the healing esophageal anastomosis. Sixty small dogs were submitted to a
      cervicotomy and resection of an esophageal segment (8.0 - 10.0 cm) resulting in
      an anastomosis under severe tension. The animals were divided into two groups
      (control group: only anastomosis; experimental group: anastomosis plus circular
      myotomy in the proximal esophageal segment). The animals were sacrificed on the
      14th postoperative day, submitted to autopsy, and were evaluated as to the
      presence of leaks. Twelve scars of each group were collected for histological,
      histomorphometric (evaluation of scar thickness), electrophoretic and
      immunoblotting studies of collagen (total collagen and types of collagen
      determinations). Leak rates were the same in both groups. Histologic examination
      showed that the scar at the anastomosis was formed by fibrous tissue, without
      mucosa or muscular tissue. In the myotomy animals, a decreased number of newly
      formed small vessels was noted in comparison to control animals, and morphometric
      analysis showed that in the myotomy animals the anastomotic scar was thinner than
      in the control animals. Biochemical analysis of scars demonstrated that myotomy
      promoted a decrease in the soluble collagen content in comparison with the
      control animals and no alteration in the content of insoluble collagen. The
      electrophoretic separation of the types of collagen and characterization by
      immunoblotting demonstrated the presence of collagen types I, III, and V, and the
      quantification by densitometry of the bands showed a reduction in collagen type V
      (present in the blood vessels) in the myotomy animals in comparison to controls.
      This result is in accordance with the histological observation of a decrease in
      newly formed blood vessels. Circular myotomy does not decrease the possibility of
      anastomotic leaks, in addition to promoting deleterious changes in anastomotic
      healing.

PMID- 13680490
TI  - Does sucralfate prevent apoptosis occurring in the ischemia/reperfusion-induced
      intestinal injury?
AB  - BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: We have shown in a previous study that sucralfate is
      beneficial in the prophylaxis and treatment of hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced
      intestinal injury. The aim of this study is to investigate whether sucralfate has
      any effect on the prevention of apoptosis in the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)
      induced intestinal injury. METHODS: Rats were randomized into three groups. Group
      1 and 2 were subjected to I/R. Group 1 (treatment group) received sucralfate
      while group 2 (treatment control group) did not. Group 3 served as a normal
      control group (sham group). The terminal ileum was harvested for histopathologic
      investigation by light microscopy. The presence of apoptotic enterocytes (DNA
      fragmentation in cell nuclei) was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl
      transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end-labeling (TUNEL) reaction. RESULTS: In
      treatment control group, 3 of 7 rats had severe inflammation. None of the
      sucralfate-treated rats showed severe inflammation, 6 of them only showed mild
      inflammatory changes (p < 0.05). The apoptotic percentage was found to be 37.1 +/
      9.4 in the sucralfate-treated group (group 1), whereas it was 45.4 +/- 3.9 in
      the untreated group (group 2) (p < 0.05). The sham group had a completely normal
      intestinal architecture. CONCLUSIONS: The present study shows that 1) the
      experimental model of I/R-induced intestinal injury induces enterocyte apoptosis;
      2) sucralfate decreases enterocyte apoptosis in the experimental model of I/R
      induced intestinal injury which may play a key role in the pathophysiological
      events leading to failure of the intrinsic gut barrier defense mechanisms.

PMID- 13680491
TI  - The role of surgery in intraabdominal Burkitt's lymphoma in children.
AB  - The role of surgery in intraabdominal Burkitt's lymphoma remains controversial
      and different opinions are present in the literature. In our institution, forty
      patients (30 boys and 10 girls) with intraabdominal Burkitt's lymphoma with ages
      ranging from 3 to 12 years have been treated and followed from 1989 through 2000.
      In ten cases, the patients underwent surgery because of their acute abdominal
      diseases (intestinal obstruction in 5, intussusception in 3, intestinal
      perforation in one, and acute appendicitis in one). The remaining thirty patients
      were referred to our clinic because of their abdominal masses, pain, anorexia and
      fatigue. Twelve children had localized tumors and total resection could be
      performed. There was one death in this group due to central nervous system
      involvement during chemotherapy. In the remaining 28 children, extensive
      intraabdominal diseases were detected. In four of them, debulking procedures were
      performed, while in 24 children only biopsies could be made; 8 of them underwent
      a second-look operation. In the debulking procedures group, two children were
      lost (50 %) due to tumorlysis and acute renal failure. In the biopsy group, there
      were six deaths (25 %). All patients received chemotherapy after operative
      recovery. In conclusion, our results suggest that when the tumor is localized,
      total resection results in a good outcome. However, in the presence of extensive
      intraabdominal diseases instead of resection, the operation should be limited to
      biopsy only.

PMID- 13680492
TI  - Long-term follow-up in children treated for retroperitoneal malignant tumours.
AB  - Thirty-two long-term survivors after treatment with surgery, radiotherapy and
      chemotherapy for neuroblastoma (NRB) and Wilms' tumour (WT) were re-evaluated
      after a period of more than 10 years (mean 16 yr 1 mo, range 27 yr 2 mo/10 yr 5
      mo). In addition to routine clinical and laboratory studies, all patients
      underwent auxometry, echocardiography, spinal X-ray, abdominal US and kidney
      radionuclide scans. Neither obvious physical signs nor cutaneous toxicity were
      noted at inspection. No dysmenorrhoea or sexual disorders were mentioned.
      Haematological data turned out to be all in the normal range, except for
      TIBC/UIBC ratio (out of range in 70 % of cases); gammaGt (62.5 %); A/G ratio
      (12.5 %); ALT (37.5 %). Auxometrical data were all in the normal range; in
      particular, results of mean weight and height were just slightly over the 50
      degrees centile. Spinal X-rays revealed mild kyphotic deformities (68.9 %),
      pelvic obliquity and tilting (62.5 %), rotation of the vertebral bodies (34.3 %)
      and compensatory curves of the spine (21.8 %). No impairment of cardiac functions
      was noted at echocardiography. No alteration of the hepatic structure was
      detectable at US scans. Marked impairment of the renal function (20 % and 1.5 %
      residual function) was detected at radionuclide imaging in 2 NRB patients who had
      not undergone nephrectomy, with the kidney having almost disappeared in one. In
      conclusion, the study emphasises the need for careful and prolonged follow-up for
      the detection of sequelae than can appear even many years after the initial
      treatment, and the wisdom and the need for a continued search for less aggressive
      protocols; as long as the cure rate is not compromised, less aggressive protocols
      should aim for a satisfactory overall survival with a reduced incidence of
      sequelae and hence a better quality of life.

PMID- 13680493
TI  - The posterior midsagittal approach for the surgical excision of intrapelvic
      malignant tumours.
AB  - AIM: The Posterior Midsagittal Approach (PMA), originally used for the treatment
      of anorectal malformations, provides a wide exposure of the pelvic floor. Aim of
      this study is to describe and discuss the PMA in the treatment of intrapelvic
      malignant tumours which could not be radically excised by laparotomy alone.
      METHODS: Since 1997, four children were operated upon for pelvic Ewing's sarcoma,
      presacral sarcoma, intrapelvic neuroblastoma and prostatic rhabdomyosarcoma,
      respectively. The age of the patients ranged from two to eleven years. Two of
      them were males and two were females. In all patients, a laparotomy was
      performed, but inability to remove the tumour radically using this approach led
      to PMA. A midline incision extending between the tip of the coccyx and the
      posterior margin of the anus was made. The rectum was mobilised and retracted to
      the right side, using traction slings. Exposure of the lower part of the tumours
      was adequate, thus allowing them to be dissected in the midline anteriorly to the
      sacrum. RESULTS: In the patient with neuroblastoma diffuse bleeding was
      controlled by packing, which was removed on the 3rd postoperative day. Otherwise
      the postoperative course in all patients was free of complications. The patient
      with presacral sarcoma died one year after the operation from generalised
      disease. The remaining three patients are free of disease and continent two to
      six years postoperatively. CONCLUSION: PMA is a safe procedure enabling radical
      excision of intrapelvic malignant tumours which are too high to be approached
      through the perineum and too low to be reached by laparotomy alone. The posterior
      midsagittal incision and lateral traction of the rectum permits easy access to
      the tumour and radical excision, without disturbance of the sphincteric function.
      Colostomy is not necessary.

PMID- 13680494
TI  - Management of anorectal injuries in children: an eighteen-year experience.
AB  - Anorectal injuries (ARI) are rare in childhood and yet occur due to sexual abuse
      and firearm injuries in developed countries. The labeling of ARI remains
      controversial in spite of a number of divergent reports over the past decade. We
      evaluated the surgical indications for primary repair of ARI without stoma, and
      also the potential risk factors affecting morbidity and mortality in children
      with ARI. Between 1983 and 2001, 41 children were diagnosed as ARI in our
      institution due to blunt or penetrating trauma. There were 17 male and 24 female
      patients. Causes of anorectal injury were blunt injuries in the majority of cases
      (56 %). Vagina and extremity fractures were the organs most frequently associated
      with ARI. There was isolated ARI in 49 % of cases. Intraperitoneal organ injury
      was found in 3 patients (7 %). The distribution of injury location according to
      the classification of ARI in our children was as follows: 10 % in G I, 32 % in G
      II, 51 % in G III, and 10 % in G V. Primary repair without colostomy was
      performed in 51 % of cases. Primary repair and diversion of faecal stream by loop
      colostomy was required in 20 (49 %) patients. Postoperative septic complications
      occurred in 29 % of cases. Some potential risk factors such as trauma mechanism
      and associated organ injury were not significantly correlated to postoperative
      septic complications, while other risk factors such as mode of treatment, time of
      operative intervention and contamination were significantly related to
      postoperative septic complications (p < 0.05). The sensitivity of trauma scoring
      systems for the estimation of postoperative complication occurrence was
      significant for ISS (p < 0.05) and ARI score (p < 0.05). The relative risk of
      developing a postoperative septic complication was higher than 2 for patients
      with ARI grade III, ISS > 15, primary repair + colostomy group, and time of
      operative intervention > 8 hours. A child in the colostomy + primary repair group
      died on the first postoperative day from rapidly progressing septicaemia and
      multiple organ failure (2.4 %). The management of ARI can be carried out by
      primary repair procedure without colostomy in the majority of cases if the needed
      selectivity is established.

PMID- 13680495
TI  - Microsurgical spermatico-epigastric venous anastomosis in the treatment of
      varicocele in children: assessment of long-term patency.
AB  - AIM: To demonstrate the long-term patency of microsurgical anastomoses between
      the internal spermatic vein and the inferior epigastric vein, constructed in the
      treatment of essential varicocele in paediatric patients to supplement ligation
      of the spermatic veins. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We submitted 66 patients to
      inguinopelvic colour-flow Doppler ultrasonography. The patients had been treated
      18 - 36 months earlier for essential varicocele by microsurgical inguinal
      ligation of the testicular venous pedicle and anastomosis between the internal
      spermatic vein and the inferior epigastric vein. RESULTS: Preoperatively, the 66
      patients operated on at ages ranging from 10 to 16 years (13 +/- 1.4) presented
      with Dubin and Amelar grade II (14 patients) or grade III (52 patients) left
      varicocele with ipsilateral testicular hypotrophy. The postoperative follow-up
      showed 2 cases of persistence of disease and 3 cases of persistence of "medium"
      spermatic vein reflux without clinical evidence of varicocele. Seven patients
      developed left hydrocele which resolved spontaneously in 5 cases, whereas in 2
      cases it proved necessary to perform an eversion of the tunica vaginalis of the
      testis. The results obtained in patients treated for Coolsaet type I varicocele
      (64 patients) were as follows: long-term patency of the anastomosis was observed
      in 58/64 patients (90.6 %); in 4 patients (6.2 %) the left inferior epigastric
      vein presented a position in relation to the homologous artery that prevented
      adequate sampling and thus made it impossible to assess the patency of the
      anastomosis; in 2 patients (3.1 %) the anastomosis was closed. In the two
      patients who had submitted to anastomosis for Coolsaet type III varicocele,
      colour-flow Doppler failed to identify the shunt. CONCLUSIONS: The results of
      this study demonstrate that microsurgical anastomosis between the internal
      spermatic vein, and the inferior epigastric vein remains competent in the long
      term, thus confirming the validity of this technique for the treatment of
      essential varicocele in children.

PMID- 13680496
TI  - Authors' own assessment of TRISS method studies in the treatment of major trauma
      in children.
AB  - Evaluation of trauma care must be an integral part of any system designed for the
      care of seriously injured patients. This study analyses the validity of TRISS
      methodology in evaluating traumatised children admitted to the ICU. METHODS: A
      retrospective review of 586 children with major trauma admitted to the Children's
      Hospital Zagreb was conducted over a 4-year period. The outcome in each patient
      was assessed using the Trauma Injury Severity Score (TRISS) system to calculate
      the probability of survival based on anatomical extent of injury and grade of
      physiological disturbance at the time of admission. RESULTS: Mean age was 7.8
      years and mortality was 5.5 %. Mean ISS of survivors was 9, Revised Trauma Score
      (RTS) was 6.6, and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was 8. Statistical evaluation
      included TRISS survival analysis. There were no statistically significant
      differences between the predicted and the actual number of children who died
      (predicted 8.3 % vs. actual 5.5 %). CONCLUSIONS: This study documents and
      confirms TRISS methodology as an effective predictor of both severity of injury
      and potential for mortality in children with major trauma.

PMID- 13680497
TI  - Saccular aneurysm in arm secondary to accidental arterial puncture.
AB  - We present a rare case of saccular aneurysm localised in the arm of a breast
      feeding baby, secondary to accidental arterial puncture. Colour Doppler
      echography showed a cystic lesion with turbulent arterial flow related to the
      humeral artery. Complete surgical resection of the aneurysm was achieved.

PMID- 13680498
TI  - Retroperitoneal lipoblastoma involving the right common iliac artery and vein.
AB  - A case of benign lipoblastoma of the retroperitoneum in a 12-month-old boy,
      presenting as a huge abdominal mass and right lower extremity swelling, was
      reported. Surgery revealed involvement of the right common iliac artery and vein
      by lipoblastoma, requiring the sacrifice of both vessels for complete removal of
      the tumour. Vascular continuity of both vessels was re-established by a saphenous
      vein graft interposition. Involvement of a great artery by benign lipoblastoma
      has not been reported before.

PMID- 13680499
TI  - Ileoileal intussusception caused by a Ewing sarcoma tumour. An unusual case
      report.
AB  - Intussusception typically occurs in childhood, presenting with a well-known
      medical history and clinical symptoms. Pathologically, a "leading point" may be
      attributed to lymphadenomatosis, polyps, or a tumour. In older patients and
      adolescents, the diagnosis can be complicated due to the lower incidence and
      variable subacute symptoms. We report on an 18-year-old patient with increasing
      abdominal discomfort over several weeks. External diagnostics showed no
      pathological signs or were misinterpreted as a malfunction of intestinal
      motility. The patient experienced increasing colics, recurrent vomiting,
      dehydration and weight loss. Finally he was transferred to our paediatric
      surgical department and laparotomy had to be performed for the clinical and
      radiological signs of an ileus. An ileoilealic intussusception was found, caused
      by a small bowel tumour, which almost completely obstructed the intestinal lumen.
      It was resected and bowel continuity was re-established. Histopathology revealed
      a very rare, highly malignant mesenchymal Ewing sarcoma, infiltrating the
      complete bowel wall. After the postoperative course, the patient was transferred
      to our oncological department for chemotherapy. In older children or young
      adults, intestinal malignancies are extremely rare. Nevertheless, if these
      patients suffer from unspecific complaints of chronic intestinal obstruction, a
      tumour must be ruled out. A Ewing sarcoma may be responsible for an
      intussusception.

PMID- 13680500
TI  - Partial intestinal obstruction due to childhood refractory hon-Hodgkin's
      lymphoma, successfully treated with taxol.
AB  - In this report, we present a six-year-old male patient with partial intestinal
      obstruction due to refractory Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) whose partial
      obstruction was successfully treated with Taxol(R) without any surgical
      intervention. Following an unsuccessful treatment attempt to treat his high-grade
      (stage 3) B-cell lymphoma with standard and second-line chemotherapy regimens he
      was started on radiotherapy and third line chemotherapy during which he was
      admitted with partial obstructive ileus as a result of tumor progression.
      Treatment was continued with Taxol(R) and resulted in total cure of the ileus
      with reduction of palpable tumor mass over 24 h without necessitating any
      surgery. Taxol(R) (200 mg/m (2)/week) was administered without any major side
      effects/toxicities for six courses. A control CT of the abdomen revealed a
      significant reduction in tumor size. After the next course, the patient developed
      severe thrombocytopenia that unfortunately did not resolve before the patient
      died as a result of further tumor growth and dissemination. Although there are
      studies that report response to Taxol(R) treatment in adult patients with
      refractory NHL, our review of the literature failed to demonstrate any report
      about the effectiveness of Taxol(R) in childhood NHL. In conclusion, our case may
      indicate that Taxol(R) can be effective and be administered safely in an
      outpatient setting in children with refractory NHL with the aim of prolonging the
      survival without sacrificing good quality of life. Studies on larger number of
      patients are needed to make a definitive conclusion about the value of Taxol(R)
      in refractory childhood NHL.

PMID- 13680501
TI  - Selective hepatic artery ligation for hepatic haemangioendothelioma: case report
      and review of the literature.
AB  - Although benign, hepatic haemangioendotheliomas (HHE) are rare vascular tumours
      of the infant which have a high mortality rate secondary to high output
      congestive heart failure. The management of these tumours is still controversial
      and none of the different medical or surgical options has been unanimously
      accepted. We report the case of a neonate with congestive heart failure (CHF) due
      to a localized HHE, treated successfully by selective ligation of the left
      hepatic artery branch irrigating the tumour, under perioperative ultrasound
      Doppler control. A review of the literature showed 35 cases of HHE treated by
      hepatic artery ligation (HAL) with a survival rate of 80 %.

PMID- 13680502
TI  - Congenital lumbar hernia in association with carpus equina varus.
AB  - A rare case of congenital lumbar hernia associated with carpus equina varus is
      described in a week old baby. The treatment is described with limited review of
      the literature.

PMID- 13680503
TI  - Colorectal carcinoma in children and adolescents.

PMID- 13680504
TI  - Cryotherapy for threshold retinopathy: perioperative management in a single
      center.
AB  - Perioperative management and complications during and after surgery were reviewed
      in a population of premature infants who received cryotherapy because of
      threshold retinopathy by retrospective analysis of medical, anaesthetic, and
      ophthalmologic files. Infants (n=31) who received cryotherapy between January 1,
      1996 and January 1, 2001 and were treated during the neonatal period in the unit
      were included in the study. Cryotherapy was performed under general anesthesia on
      the neonatal ward. Neonatal and preoperative characteristics of this cohort point
      to a vulnerable group of infants with a preoperative weight of 1622 g (1519 to
      1862 g), bronchopulmonary dysplasia criteria applying in 29 of 31 patients and
      methylxanthins prescribed in 26 of 31 patients. No single cryotherapy session had
      to be interrupted because of systemic complications. Still marked
      cardiorespiratory instability was documented until 36 hours postoperative in 8
      patients. Performing surgical procedures on the neonatal ward is a feasible
      option. Perioperative management in infants who received cryotherapy is used as
      an illustration of this approach.

PMID- 13680505
TI  - Branchial-cleft sinus presenting with a retropharyngeal abscess for a newborn: a
      case report.
AB  - A retropharyngeal abscess rarely occurs in the neonate. We report a neonate
      without apparent trauma who presented with a left neck mass and respiratory
      distress at the fourth day of age. A lateral neck X-ray revealed a widened
      retropharyngeal space. A neck computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a space
      occupying lesion with air content in the left retropharyngeal area, although
      direct laryngoscopy, endoscopy, and a pharyngoesophagogram did not demonstrate
      the presence of any fistula tract. Due to the high index of suspicion for an aero
      digestive tract fistula, diluted contrast medium was injected into the cyst while
      performing a CT-guided aspiration, and opacification was found in the oropharynx,
      thus a branchial-cleft sinus appeared to be most likely. The follow-up neck CT
      scan revealed no evidence of any recurrence. We suggest that CT-guided aspiration
      and cystography are useful for the diagnosis and treatment of some neonatal neck
      cystic lesions.

PMID- 13680506
TI  - Severe anemia in a 25-day-old infant due to gastric teratoma with focal
      neuroblastoma.
AB  - Gastric teratoma is an extremely rare embryonic neoplasm containing tissue from
      all three germ layers (ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm). A 25-day-old infant
      presented with anemia and a palpable abdominal mass. Computed tomography (CT)
      scanning showed a solid and cystic multiloculated tumor of mixed echogenicity and
      calcifications. An encapsulated bleeding tumor localized to the posterior wall of
      the stomach with extension to a bowel segment was promptly excised. Histology
      revealed a grade III immature teratoma with small foci of neuroblastoma. To the
      best of our knowledge, this is the first infant with gastric teratoma containing
      foci of neuroblastoma causing bleeding and anemia as presentation symptoms at
      neonatal age.

PMID- 13680507
TI  - Anxiety disorders during pregnancy and postpartum.
AB  - Approximately 30% of women experience some type of anxiety disorder during their
      lifetime. Women with these disorders may experience profound changes in their
      symptoms during pregnancy and the postpartum period. In addition, some evidence
      exists that anxiety disorders can affect pregnancy outcomes. It is important that
      physicians understand the course of these disorders during pregnancy and
      available treatments so they can appropriately counsel women who are or intend to
      become pregnant. This article reviews the literature on the course of anxiety
      disorders during pregnancy and the postpartum period and presents guidelines for
      management.

PMID- 13680508
TI  - Salter-Harris II fracture of the proximal humerus in a preterm infant.
AB  - A premature twin infant presented with clinical signs of shoulder injury shortly
      after birth. He had been delivered by cesarean section due to malpresentation.
      Bony abnormality was not initially recognized on plain radiographs, but
      ultrasound revealed a Salter-Harris II fracture of the proximal humerus. Plain
      radiographs are limited in the premature newborn because of lack of calcification
      of the epiphysis. Ultrasound examination in these infants can be helpful in
      determining the true extent of skeletal injury. Immobilization and pain control
      are then indicated to optimize the outcome.

PMID- 13680509
TI  - Treatment of substance abuse during pregnancy and infant outcome.
AB  - The objective of this study is to analyze the effects of residential substance
      abuse treatment on pregnancy outcome among gravidas in a gender-specific program.
      All clients (cases) who entered a residential substance abuse program for
      pregnant and postpartum women were eligible for inclusion in the study (n=95).
      Only those who were in treatment at the time of delivery were included in the
      present analysis (n=57). Two comparison groups were used: (1) substance abusers
      who received no treatment during pregnancy (positive control group) and (2)
      pregnant women who were not substance abusers (negative control group). Cases
      were matched to controls on ethnicity (negative and positive controls) and drug
      of choice (positive controls only). Medical records were reviewed and abstracted
      for cases and controls. The primary drug of choice was cocaine for 56% of clients
      in the study, heroin 15.8%, and alcohol 10.8%. Average length of time in
      treatment before delivery was 11.7 weeks. The frequency of pregnancy
      complications allowing treatment and position controls was significantly higher
      than the negative control group (p<0.0001). The frequency of perinatal infant
      complications was increased among treatment group infants (p<0.0001). Two infants
      in the treatment group were positive for a substance of abuse at birth. In the
      treatment versus positive control group, mean birth weight (BW) was 3227 versus
      2800 g (p<0.01), estimated gestational age (EGA) was 38.9 versus 39 weeks,
      average head circumference (FOC) was 33.8 versus 32.5 cm (p<0.05), and mean birth
      length (BLT) was 48.7 cm versus 46.9 (p<0.05). No significant differences were
      found between treatment and negative control groups. Maternal syphilis was
      increased in frequency in the positive control group compared with the negative
      control group (p<0.07). Thirty-percent of mothers had sexually transmitted
      diseases (STDs) for which infants were at risk and treated prophylactically; no
      infant in the treatment group contracted a vertically transmitted STD. For every
      10 weeks in treatment, BW was increased 340 g, EGA 1 week, FOC 0.8 cm, and BLT
      1.8 cm. Thus, substance abuse treatment for pregnant women in the program
      increased fetal growth, which significantly decreased the risk for poor neonatal
      outcomes. Importantly, maternal and infant perinatal complications in the
      treatment group were increased in frequency compared with the two control groups.
      This may possibly have occurred because healthcare providers were not blinded to
      maternal treatment status.

PMID- 13680510
TI  - Viable cervical pregnancy managed with systemic Methotrexate, uterine artery
      embolization, and local tamponade with inflated Foley catheter balloon.
AB  - We present an unusual case of a primigravida with a viable cervical pregnancy
      diagnosed by transvaginal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. Staggered
      conservative therapeutic measures included systemic high-dose Methotrexate with
      Folinic acid rescue followed by bilateral embolization of the uterine arteries in
      response to active cervical bleeding despite declining serum beta-human chorionic
      gonadotropin levels. Continued active cervical bleeding responded to local
      tamponade with an inflated Foley catheter balloon positioned within the cervical
      canal. Conservative treatment was successful, with complete resolution of the
      cervical pregnancy, resumption of normal menstrual cycles, and a normal
      transvaginal ultrasonographic appearance of the cervical canal, documented 8
      weeks after the initial diagnosis. This case and review of the literature support
      that various staggered conservative hemostatic measures may be used at various
      points in which bleeding may occur in the conservative management algorithm of
      cervical pregnancy.

PMID- 13680511
TI  - Disseminated Trichosporon asahii infection in a preterm.
AB  - Trichosporon asahii (T. asahii) is an uncommon cause of yeast infection in
      preterms. We present a 27-week gestational age female with clinical evidence of
      sepsis, such as patchy infiltrations on chest roentgenogram, and yeast growing in
      urine and blood cultures. Conventional amphotericin B was empirically added in a
      dose of 0.5 mg/kg, q8h to standard protocol of the neonatal intensive care unit.
      Dose of the drug was induced to 1 mg/kg because the patient had not improved when
      the organism was identified as T. asahii on the pretreatment urine and blood
      cultures. Both cultures were clear on the 10th day of amphotericin B therapy and
      treatment was ceased on the 21st day. The patient was healthy when discharged.
      Trichosporon infections in neonates have been almost uniformly fatal. Most
      strains of T. asahii may be confused with Candida spp. on initial culture
      examinations. Therefore, delays in appropriate treatment may occur.

PMID- 13680512
TI  - On "Mode of delivery following successful external cephalic version" (Am J
      Perinatol 2002;19:355-360).

PMID- 13680515
TI  - The efficacy of stroke rehabilitation: a qualitative review.
AB  - A systematic review of randomized controlled trials published from 1970-2002 was
      conducted to assess whether specialized inpatient stroke rehabilitation is
      associated with improved outcomes compared to conventional care. Twelve studies
      involving 2,813 patients were included for detailed review. The methodological
      quality of the studies was assessed using the PEDro Scale. The outcomes of death,
      functional outcome, length of hospital stay, and rates of institutionalization
      were compared between the intervention and control group(s). Improved functional
      outcomes and reduced length of hospital stays were reported among patients
      receiving specialized rehabilitation in the majority of studies (7/12 and 5/8,
      respectively), while no differences in mortality or institutionalization were
      reported between the groups.

PMID- 13680516
TI  - Early supported discharge in stroke rehabilitation.
AB  - A systematic review of the randomized controlled trials published from 1970-2002
      was conducted to assess the effectiveness of early supported discharge programs
      in the context of stroke rehabilitation. Ten studies, including 1,286 patients,
      were selected for detailed review. The methodological quality of the studies was
      assessed using the PEDro Scale. The outcome assessed included functional
      outcomes, cost analysis, and length of hospital stay. Although the majority of
      studies reported no statistically significant differences in functional outcomes
      between the two groups, there was a reduction in hospital stays for patients
      receiving home-based therapy. These results suggest that patients with milder
      strokes who receive home-based therapies have similar functional outcomes to
      patients who receive traditional inpatient rehabilitation.

PMID- 13680517
TI  - Gait retraining post stroke.
AB  - A major component of stroke rehabilitation focuses on gait restoration. The
      purpose of this review is to examine the efficacy of a variety of gait retraining
      techniques currently in clinical use, including strength training, functional
      electrical stimulation, treadmill training, partial body-weight support, EMG
      biofeedback, and splinting of the lower extremity. Forty-eight studies evaluating
      six gait enhancement techniques were reviewed. There is either strong or moderate
      evidence to support the use of strength training, EMG/biofeedback, and functional
      electrical stimulation as an adjunctive therapy in gait training, and there is
      either limited or conflicting evidence to support the use of ankle-foot orthosis,
      treadmill training, and partial body-weight support.

PMID- 13680518
TI  - Rehabilitation of aphasia: more is better.
AB  - Although the most effective means of treating aphasia post stroke has not been
      determined, several areas of aphasia therapy have proven to be more effective
      than others. A recent study had determined that intense aphasia therapy over a
      short period of time has greater impact on recovery than less intense therapy
      over a longer period of time. Building upon the idea that more is better, this
      article examines other spects of aphasia therapy that may be combined to
      facilitate recovery.

PMID- 13680519
TI  - Treatment of visual perceptual disorders post stroke.
AB  - Visual perceptual disorders are a common clinical consequence of stroke. They
      include unilateral neglect, which has a major impact on rehabilitation outcome.
      The nature of the behavioral deficits associated with neglect has suggested that
      behavioral modification strategies may improve performance. This article presents
      a critical review and synthesis of published research evidence for the
      effectiveness of treatments for visual perceptual disorders after stroke. The
      strongest evidence for rehabilitation effectiveness was for the following: (a)
      specific treatment for perceptual disorders; and (b) specific training for
      neglect (including visual scanning). Findings also suggest that more research is
      needed into how the assessment of specific features of visual perceptual
      disorders might lead to improved methods for rehabilitation, including the use of
      assistive devices for mobility and activities of daily living.

PMID- 13680520
TI  - Community reintegration after stroke.
AB  - A systematic review of the literature from 1970-2002 was conducted to highlight
      the issues facing stroke survivors and their families upon integration into the
      community. Areas of interests were social support, caregiver burden and
      depression, family interactions, family education intervention, social and
      leisure activities post stroke, and leisure therapy. Four studies were selected
      for detailed reviews of the effectiveness of social support, 10 studies for
      family education intervention, and 3 studies for leisure therapy post stroke.
      There was evidence that improved social support as an intervention improves
      outcomes and that an active educational-counseling approach has a positive impact
      on family functioning post stroke. However, consensus regarding leisure therapy
      was not achieved. This article also stresses the impact of caring for a stroke
      survivor and the effect it has on family functioning and caregiver burden.

PMID- 13680521
TI  - Rehabilitation health care executives and ethical issues.

PMID- 13680522
TI  - Motivating, game-based stroke rehabilitation: a brief report.
AB  - Stroke-induced hemiparesis is a debilitating impairment that compromises ability
      to perform many activities of daily living (ADLs). Many new therapies for
      hemiparesis, although intriguing, require exceptional patient motivation and/or
      may be difficult to implement in some clinical situations. This brief report
      revisits a motivating, game-based rehabilitation modality reported nearly three
      decades ago that has heretofore been ignored. Pilot data, examining the
      feasibility and efficacy of the device, are presented.

PMID- 13680523
TI  - Genomic imprinting and linkage test for quantitative-trait Loci in extended
      pedigrees.
AB  - Genomic imprinting is a mechanism in which only one of the two copies of a gene
      is expressed. Some genes that affect development and behavior in mammals are
      known to be imprinted. Deregulation of imprinted genes has been found in a number
      of human diseases. Incorporating imprinting information into linkage analysis
      results in a more powerful test for linkage. Here, we propose an efficient method
      to test for linkage and imprinting of quantitative traits in extended pedigrees.
      We compared the results obtained by using the extended-pedigree-analysis approach
      proposed in this study with other existing approaches. We found that the proposed
      method is more powerful and uses extended-pedigree information most efficiently.

PMID- 13680524
TI  - Pooled analysis of loss of heterozygosity in breast cancer: a genome scan
      provides comparative evidence for multiple tumor suppressors and identifies novel
      candidate regions.
AB  - Somatic loss of heterozygosity (LOH) has been widely reported in breast cancer as
      a means of identifying putative tumor-suppressor genes. However, individual
      studies have rarely spanned more than a single chromosome, and the varying
      criteria used to declare LOH complicate efforts to formally differentiate regions
      of consistent versus sporadic (random) loss. We report here the compilation of an
      extensive database from 151 published LOH studies of breast cancer, with summary
      data from >15,000 tumors and primary allelotypes from >4,300 tumors. Allelic loss
      was evaluated at 1,168 marker loci, with large variation in the density of
      informative observations across the genome. Using studies in which primary
      allelotype information was available, we employed a likelihood-based approach
      with a formal chromosomal instability and selection model. The approach seeks
      direct evidence for preferential loss at each locus compared with nearby loci,
      accounts for heterogeneity across studies, and enables the direct comparison of
      candidate regions across the genome. Striking preferential loss was observed (in
      descending order of significance) in specific regions of chromosomes 7q, 16q,
      13q, 17p, 8p, 21q, 3p, 18q, 2q, and 19p, as well as other regions, in many cases
      coinciding with previously identified candidate genes or known fragile sites.
      Many of these observations were not possible from any single LOH study, and our
      results suggest that many previously reported LOH results are not systematic or
      reproducible. Our approach provides a comparative framework for further
      investigation of regions exhibiting LOH and identifies broad genomic regions for
      which there exist few data.

PMID- 13680525
TI  - "Are we there yet?": Deciding when one has demonstrated specific genetic
      causation in complex diseases and quantitative traits.
AB  - Although mathematical relationships can be proven by deductive logic, biological
      relationships can only be inferred from empirical observations. This is a
      distinct disadvantage for those of us who strive to identify the genes involved
      in complex diseases and quantitative traits. If causation cannot be proven,
      however, what does constitute sufficient evidence for causation? The philosopher
      Karl Popper said, "Our belief in a hypothesis can have no stronger basis than our
      repeated unsuccessful critical attempts to refute it." We believe that to
      establish causation, as scientists, we must make a serious attempt to refute our
      own hypotheses and to eliminate all known sources of bias before association
      becomes causation. In addition, we suggest that investigators must provide
      sufficient data and evidence of their unsuccessful efforts to find any
      confounding biases. In this editorial, we discuss what "causation" means in the
      context of complex diseases and quantitative traits, and we suggest guidelines
      for steps that may be taken to address possible confounders of association before
      polymorphisms may be called "causative."

PMID- 13680526
TI  - Mutations in the gamma-actin gene (ACTG1) are associated with dominant
      progressive deafness (DFNA20/26).
AB  - Age-related hearing loss (presbycusis) is a significant problem in the
      population. The genetic contribution to age-related hearing loss is estimated to
      be 40%-50%. Gene mutations that cause nonsyndromic progressive hearing loss with
      early onset may provide insight into the etiology of presbycusis. We have
      identified four families segregating an autosomal dominant, progressive,
      sensorineural hearing loss phenotype that has been linked to chromosome 17q25.3.
      The critical interval containing the causative gene was narrowed to approximately
      2 million bp between markers D17S914 and D17S668. Cochlear-expressed genes were
      sequenced in affected family members. Sequence analysis of the gamma-actin gene
      (ACTG1) revealed missense mutations in highly conserved actin domains in all four
      families. These mutations change amino acids that are conserved in all actins,
      from protozoa to mammals, and were not found in >100 chromosomes from normal
      hearing individuals. Much of the specialized ultrastructural organization of the
      cells in the cochlea is based on the actin cytoskeleton. Many of the mutations
      known to cause either syndromic or nonsyndromic deafness occur in genes that
      interact with actin (e.g., the myosins, espin, and harmonin). The mutations we
      have identified are in various binding domains of actin and are predicted to
      mildly interfere with bundling, gelation, polymerization, or myosin movement and
      may cause hearing loss by hindering the repair or stability of cochlear cell
      structures damaged by noise or aging. This is the first description of a mutation
      in cytoskeletal, or nonmuscle, actin.

PMID- 13680527
TI  - Multiple origins of Ashkenazi Levites: Y chromosome evidence for both Near
      Eastern and European ancestries.
AB  - Previous Y chromosome studies have shown that the Cohanim, a paternally inherited
      Jewish priestly caste, predominantly share a recent common ancestry irrespective
      of the geographically defined post-Diaspora community to which they belong, a
      finding consistent with common Jewish origins in the Near East. In contrast, the
      Levites, another paternally inherited Jewish caste, display evidence for multiple
      recent origins, with Ashkenazi Levites having a high frequency of a distinctive,
      non-Near Eastern haplogroup. Here, we show that the Ashkenazi Levite
      microsatellite haplotypes within this haplogroup are extremely tightly clustered,
      with an inferred common ancestor within the past 2,000 years. Comparisons with
      other Jewish and non-Jewish groups suggest that a founding event, probably
      involving one or very few European men occurring at a time close to the initial
      formation and settlement of the Ashkenazi community, is the most likely
      explanation for the presence of this distinctive haplogroup found today in >50%
      of Ashkenazi Levites.

PMID- 13680530
TI  - Cell death in toxic nephropathies.
AB  - Toxic nephropathies cause acute and chronic renal failure, primarily as a result
      of injury to renal tubular epithelium. There is a well-known capacity in the
      renal nephron for the synchronous occurrence of both apoptosis and necrosis in
      toxic nephropathies. This has engendered interest in the differing or
      complementary roles of these modes of cell death. Once thought to be mutually
      exclusive in incidence and morphologic and biochemical features, recent evidence
      in renal and other diseases indicates some blurring in the features of apoptosis
      and necrosis, particularly in the situations in which they are identified, in
      their molecular pathways, and in the role of inflammation in the processes.
      Definition of the heterogenic pathophysiologic response of the nephron should
      provide information useful for promoting the health of the kidney after injury,
      particularly in relation to controlling the extent and modalities of cell death
      via the associated renal-specific molecular features. This article indicates the
      significance and some problems of defining the types of cell death in toxic
      nephropathies.

PMID- 13680528
TI  - A genomewide screen of 345 families for autism-susceptibility loci.
AB  - We previously reported a genomewide scan to identify autism-susceptibility loci
      in 110 multiplex families, showing suggestive evidence (P <.01) for linkage to
      autism-spectrum disorders (ASD) on chromosomes 5, 8, 16, 19, and X and showing
      nominal evidence (P <.05) on several additional chromosomes (2, 3, 4, 10, 11, 12,
      15, 18, and 20). In this follow-up analysis we have increased the sample size
      threefold, while holding the study design constant, so that we now report 345
      multiplex families, each with at least two siblings affected with autism or ASD
      phenotype. Along with 235 new multiplex families, 73 new microsatellite markers
      were also added in 10 regions, thereby increasing the marker density at these
      strategic locations from 10 cM to approximately 2 cM and bringing the total
      number of markers to 408 over the entire genome. Multipoint maximum LOD scores
      (MLS) obtained from affected-sib-pair analysis of all 345 families yielded
      suggestive evidence for linkage on chromosomes 17, 5, 11, 4, and 8 (listed in
      order by MLS) (P <.01). The most significant findings were an MLS of 2.83 (P
      =.00029) on chromosome 17q, near the serotonin transporter (5-hydroxytryptamine
      transporter [5-HTT]), and an MLS of 2.54 (P =.00059) on 5p. The present follow-up
      genome scan, which used a consistent research design across studies and examined
      the largest ASD sample collection reported to date, gave either equivalent or
      marginally increased evidence for linkage at several chromosomal regions
      implicated in our previous scan but eliminated evidence for linkage at other
      regions.

PMID- 13680531
TI  - Role of caspases in renal tubular epithelial cell injury.
AB  - The regulation of cell death has been investigated in a number of clinical
      disorders including renal ischemic and toxic acute renal failure. Caspases play a
      crucial role in the execution or final phase of cell death by cleaving and
      inactivating various structural and functional intracellular proteins that are
      essential for cell survival and proliferation. Evidence is now emerging to
      implicate the caspase pathway in a variety of renal diseases including the
      pathogenesis of acute renal failure. Among the 14 known members of the caspase
      family thus far identified several executioner caspases including caspases-3, -6,
      and -7 and the proinflammatory caspase including caspase-1 may participate in the
      final degradation of intracellular proteins. The activation of these caspases is
      regulated by the receptor- and mitochondrial-mediated cell signaling pathways as
      well as by the endoplasmic reticulum stress response. While the role of some
      caspases in renal injury is emerging, the roles of various proinflammatory and
      other executioner caspases remain to be determined. Although many pro- and anti
      apoptotic molecules that act upstream of caspase activation have been identified,
      their regulation is yet to be determined in the pathogenesis of renal injury. A
      precise description of caspase-mediated cell death pathway and regulation of
      caspase activation is, therefore, critical to the understanding of the mechanism
      of renal injury and to the development of therapeutic targets that prevent renal
      diseases and preserve renal function.

PMID- 13680532
TI  - Energy metabolism and cytotoxicity.
AB  - Fatty acids constitute a major source of metabolic fuel for energy production in
      kidney tissue. During acute renal failure (ARF) injury to the proximal tubule and
      medullary thick ascending limb leads to structural and functional alterations
      that result in reduced expression and activity of mitochondrial and peroxisomal
      fatty acid oxidation (FAO) enzymes. Reduced DNA binding activity of peroxisome
      proliferator activated receptor-alpha (PPARalpha) to its target genes and
      decreased expression of its tissue-specific coactivator PPAR-gamma-coactivator-1
      (PGC-1) in the mouse proximal tubule and the medullary thick ascending limb,
      represent 2 potential mechanisms that account for the observed alterations of FAO
      during ARF. Pretreatment with PPARalpha ligands restores the expression and
      activity of renal FAO enzymes, and this metabolic alteration leads to
      amelioration of acute tubular necrosis caused by ischemia/reperfusion or
      cisplatin-induced ARF. More studies are needed to examine further the cellular
      mechanisms of substrate inhibition, and to determine if metabolic pathways, in
      addition to the recovery of FAO, account for the protective effect (s) of
      PPARalpha ligands during acute renal failure.

PMID- 13680533
TI  - Molecular response to cytotoxic injury: role of inflammation, MAP kinases, and
      endoplasmic reticulum stress response.
AB  - Nephrotoxicants have varied direct and indirect effects on the vasculature,
      tubules, and interstitium of the kidney. In most cases the molecular components
      of the toxic insult are poorly understood. In this review some common themes of
      injury, repair, and adaptive protective responses that represent characteristic
      responses of the cells and kidney tissue that transcend the specifics of a
      particular toxin are presented. Particular attention is paid to the vascular and
      inflammatory aspects of nephrotoxicity as well as the activation of the MAP
      kinase families and the endoplasmic reticulum stress response by the tubular
      epithelial cell.

PMID- 13680534
TI  - Cell cycle regulation: repair and regeneration in acute renal failure.
AB  - Research into mechanisms of acute renal failure has begun to reveal molecular
      targets for possible therapeutic intervention. Much useful knowledge into the
      causes and prevention of this syndrome has been gained by the study of animal
      models. Most recently, investigation of the effects on acute renal failure of
      selected gene knock-outs in mice has contributed to our recognition of many
      previously unappreciated molecular pathways. Particularly, experiments have
      revealed the protective nature of 2 highly induced genes whose functions are to
      inhibit and control the cell cycle after acute renal failure. By use of these
      models we have started to understand the role of increased cell cycle activity
      after renal stress and the role of proteins induced by these stresses that limit
      this proliferation.

PMID- 13680535
TI  - Cisplatin nephrotoxicity.
AB  - Cisplatin remains a major antineoplastic drug for the treatment of solid tumors.
      Its chief dose-limiting side effect is nephrotoxicity, which evolves slowly and
      predictably after initial and repeated exposure. The kidney accumulates cisplatin
      to a higher degree than other organs perhaps via mediated transport.
      Functionally, reduced renal perfusion and a concentrating defect characterize its
      nephrotoxicity, whereas morphologically necrosis of the terminal portion of the
      proximal tubule and apoptosis predominantly in the distal nephron characterize
      its effects on cell fate. Among the earliest reactions of the kidney to cisplatin
      is the activation of the MAPK cascade and molecular responses typical of the
      stress response. Repression of genes characteristic of the mature phenotype of
      the kidney, especially those serving transport function of the kidney, is also
      prominent. Metabolic responses, cell cycle events and the inflammatory cascade
      seem to be important determinants of the degree of renal failure induced by
      cisplatin. Manipulation of these responses may be exploited to reduce its
      toxicity clinically.

PMID- 13680536
TI  - Cyclosporine nephrotoxicity.
AB  - After more than 20 years of cyclosporine use its nephrotoxicity remains a
      significant clinical problem. Cyclosporine-induced renal injury has been
      described in solid organs recipients and in patients treated for autoimmune
      diseases. It is manifested in 2 distinct and well characterized forms, acute
      nephrotoxicity and chronic nephrotoxicity. This communication reviews the current
      literature analyzing the available data about the pathogenesis and mechanisms of
      acute and chronic cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity. A working hypothesis for
      the possible mechanisms of chronic cyclosporine nephrotoxicity will be provided.

PMID- 13680537
TI  - Dye-induced nephropathy.
AB  - The expanding use of imaging and interventional studies with iodinated radiologic
      contrast agents underscores the potential risk for dye nephropathy. Currently,
      dye-induced nephropathy is one of the leading causes of iatrogenic acute kidney
      failure, accounting for about 10% of renal failure in intensive care units. In
      this review, the pathophysiology of radiocontrast nephropathy is discussed, with
      a special emphasis on the importance of medullary hypoxic damage. The risk
      factors and clinical course of dye nephropathy, as well as its prevention or
      potential therapeutic interventions, are discussed in this perspective.

PMID- 13680538
TI  - Radiation nephropathy.
AB  - The pronounced radiosensitivity of renal tissue limits the total radiotherapeutic
      dose that can be applied safely to treatment volumes that include the kidneys.
      The incidence of clinical radiation nephropathy has increased with the use of
      total-body irradiation (TBI) in preparation for bone marrow transplantation and
      as a consequence of radionuclide therapies. The clinical presentation is
      azotemia, hypertension, and, disproportionately, severe anemia seen several
      months to years after irradiation that, if untreated, leads to renal failure.
      Structural features include mesangiolysis, sclerosis, tubular atrophy, and
      tubulointerstitial scarring. Similar changes are seen in a variety of
      experimental animal models. The classic view of radiation nephropathy being
      inevitable, progressive, and untreatable because of DNA damage-mediated cell loss
      at division has been replaced by a new paradigm in which radiation-induced injury
      involves not only direct cell kill but also involves complex and dynamic
      interactions between glomerular, tubular, and interstitial cells. These serve
      both as autocrine and as paracrine, if not endocrine, targets of biologic
      mediators that mediate nephron injury and repair. The renin angiotensin system
      (RAS) clearly is involved; multiple experimental studies have shown that
      antagonism of the RAS is beneficial, even when not initiated until weeks after
      irradiation. Recent findings suggest a similar benefit in clinical radiation
      nephropathy.

PMID- 13680539
TI  - Toxic nephropathy: environmental chemicals.
AB  - The kidney is the target of numerous xenobiotic toxicants, including
      environmental chemicals. Anatomical, physiological, and biochemical features of
      the kidney make it particularly sensitive to many environmental compounds.
      Factors contributing to the sensitivity of the kidney include: large blood flow,
      the presence of a variety of xenobiotic transporters and metabolizing enzymes,
      and concentration of solutes during urine production. In many cases, the
      conjugation of environmental chemicals to glutathione and/or cysteine targets
      these chemicals to the kidney where inhibition of renal function occurs through a
      variety of mechanisms. For example, heavy metals such as mercury and cadmium
      target the kidney after glutathione/cysteine conjugation. Trichloroethlene and
      bromobenzene are metabolized and conjugated to glutathione in the liver before
      renal uptake and toxicity. In contrast, renal injury produced by chloroform and
      aristolochic acids is dependent on renal cytochrome P450 metabolism to toxic
      metabolites. Other compounds, such as paraquat or diquat, damage the kidney via
      the production of reactive oxygen species. Finally, the low solubility of
      ethylene glycol metabolites causes crystal formation within the tubular lumen and
      nephrotoxicity. This chapter explores mechanisms of nephrotoxicity by
      environmental chemicals, using these example compounds. What remains to be
      accomplished and by far the most difficult process is the elucidation of the
      detailed mechanisms of tubular cell injury after toxicant uptake and metabolism.
      The large number of individuals experiencing a decline in renal function with age
      makes the search for these mechanisms very compelling.

PMID- 13680543
TI  - Aligning quality and payment for heart failure care: defining the challenges.
AB  - Hospitals may not support programs that improve the quality of care delivered to
      heart failure patients because these programs lower readmission rates and empty
      beds, and therefore further diminish already-declining revenues. A conflict
      between the highest quality of care and financial solvency does not serve the
      interests of patients, physicians, hospitals, or payers. In principle, resolution
      of this conflict is simple: reimbursement systems should reward higher quality
      care. In practice, resolving the conflict is not simple. A recent roundtable
      discussion sponsored by the Heart Failure Society of America identified 4 major
      challenges to the design and implementation of reimbursement schemes that promote
      higher quality care for heart failure: defining quality, accounting for
      differences in disease severity, crafting novel payment mechanisms, and
      overcoming professional parochialism. This article describes each of these
      challenges in turn.

PMID- 13680544
TI  - Strategies today for higher quality heart failure care tomorrow.

PMID- 13680545
TI  - Heart failure management programs: can we afford to ignore the inpatient phase of
      care?
AB  - Disease management programs have become an integral component of the overall care
      strategy of patients with heart failure. The standard approach with such programs
      is to enroll patients following discharge from hospital, and in general play
      little role in the in-patient phase of care. By ignoring the in-hospital phase an
      opportunity to significantly influence the quality of care is lost, likely
      contributing to persistently high readmission rates. At present, the major
      concerns with in-hospital care are the lack of consistent speciality involvement,
      incomplete investigation, lack of patient and family education, and failure to
      adequately prescribe proven medical therapies. This review underlines the need to
      complement the proven advantages of out-patient disease management programs by
      focusing more completely on in-hospital care. The likely advantages of a
      structured in-patient service and the practical difficulties in applying such a
      service are discussed.

PMID- 13680546
TI  - Quality still doesn't pay in heart failure management.

PMID- 13680547
TI  - Failure of benefit and early hazard of bucindolol for Class IV heart failure.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The risks and benefits of beta-blockade with bucindolol were assessed
      in heart failure (HF) patients with Class IV symptoms within the Beta-blocker
      Evaluation of Survival Trial (BEST). BACKGROUND: beta-blockade is accepted
      therapy for mild to moderate HF, but its safety and efficacy in advanced HF have
      not been established. METHODS: BEST recruited 2708 HF patients; of these, 226
      with Class IV symptoms (n=114 randomized to bucindolol, n=112 to placebo) formed
      the basis of this study. All-cause death, HF hospitalization, and drug
      discontinuations occurring early during therapy (< or =6 months) and overall
      during follow-up were assessed. Compared with Class III, Class IV patients were
      older and had higher plasma norepinephrine levels, prevalence of coronary
      disease, S3 gallops, and lower ejection fractions, but characteristics of the 2
      Class IV treatment groups were similar. RESULTS: During a mean of 1.6 years, 49%
      Class IV patients died, and 54% were hospitalized for HF. Bucindolol increased
      the combined endpoint of death or HF hospitalization within the first 6 months
      (hazard ratio [HR]=1.7, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.1-2.7) and did not result
      in benefit overall (HR=1.2, 95% CI=0.9-1.6). HF hospitalization alone within 6
      months was increased by bucindolol (HR=1.7), and an early adverse trend for death
      was seen (HR=1.6) with no benefit overall (HR=1.1). Bucindolol was discontinued
      more frequently than placebo for worsening HF (11% versus 4%) and hypotension (3%
      versus 0%). CONCLUSIONS: Class IV HF patients in BEST were at high risk.
      Bucindolol did not reduce death or HF hospitalization and was associated with
      early hazard.

PMID- 13680548
TI  - Rural and urban outcomes after hospitalization for congestive heart failure in
      Alberta, Canada.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: We compare the hospitalization rate, duration, cost, and mortality
      for newly diagnosed congestive heart failure in patients admitted to rural and
      metropolitan hospitals in one Canadian province. METHODS: Administrative data for
      Alberta, Canada, from April 1, 1994, to March 31, 2000. RESULTS: Hospitalizations
      (16,162) for newly diagnosed congestive heart failure constituted 50% of all
      hospitalizations for congestive heart failure. Hospitals were distributed as
      follows: rural with less than 200 cases (21% of hospitalizations), rural with 204
      to 646 cases (21% of hospitalizations), regional (13% of hospitalizations),
      metropolitan with angiography capability (24% of hospitalizations), and
      metropolitan without angiography capability (21% of hospitalizations). The
      hospitalization rate per 1000 population was lower for residents of metropolitan
      regions (1.01; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.97 to 1.05) compared with residents
      of rural (1.70; 95% CI 1.65 to 1.75) and regional (1.95; 95% CI 1.90 to 2.00)
      health regions. Patient comorbidity and severity scores were lower in rural
      hospitals. Special care unit admissions and cardiac catheterizations were more
      frequent in patients admitted to metropolitan hospitals. After adjustment, the
      length of stay and mortality were similar amongst all hospital types. Adjusted
      hospital total costs were about 23% (900 Canadian dollars) greater in
      metropolitan hospitals with angiography capability compared to rural hospitals.
      CONCLUSION: Hospital admission rates for newly diagnosed congestive heart failure
      were lower for metropolitan residents compared to non-metropolitan residents.
      Cost per admission was greatest in metropolitan hospitals with angiography
      capability compared to other hospital types.

PMID- 13680549
TI  - Exercise training improves insulin stimulated skeletal muscle glucose uptake
      independent of changes in perfusion in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of a 5
      month exercise training program on skeletal muscle perfusion and insulin
      sensitivity at rest and during exercise in patients with idiopathic dilative
      cardiomyopathy (DCM). BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic heart failure are
      characterized by impaired insulin sensitivity and endothelial function. It is
      hypothesized that exercise training improves metabolism by enhancing perfusion in
      patients with heart failure. METHODS: Fifteen DCM patients (New York Heart
      Association I-III) on stable medical therapy participated in the study. Patients
      were divided to receive either supervised strength and aerobic training (n=9,
      left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF]=34 +/- 8%) for 5 months (3 times per
      week at an intensity of 70% of peak oxygen uptake [VO2]) or standard care (n=7,
      LVEF=36 +/- 6%) based on their living proximity to the exercise training site.
      Muscle blood flow, oxygen consumption, and glucose uptake were quantified using
      [15O]-water, [15O]-oxygen, [18F]FDG, and positron emission tomography (PET)
      during euglycemic hyperinsulinemia and 1-legged isometric exercise. PET studies
      were performed twice for each patient at the same individual workloads. RESULTS:
      Exercise training improved exercise capacity by 27% (P<.001). Whole body insulin
      stimulated glucose uptake enhanced by 23% (P<.05) and muscle glucose uptake by
      53% (P<.05) in the trained group but tended to decrease in the untrained group.
      When studied using identical workloads, muscle glucose uptake in exercising
      muscles was enhanced by 55% (P<.05), whereas no changes were observed in muscle
      blood flow and oxygen uptake. CONCLUSIONS: Exercise training counteracts the
      impaired insulin sensitivity caused by DCM. Training improves exercise capacity
      with a concomitant enhancement in whole body, resting, and exercising skeletal
      muscle glucose uptake. The improved insulin sensitivity is not explained by
      changes in muscle perfusion suggesting enhanced cellular glucose extraction.

PMID- 13680550
TI  - Decreased heart rate recovery after exercise in patients with congestive heart
      failure: effect of beta-blocker therapy.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Decreased heart rate recovery (HRR) is a predictor of mortality in
      patients with coronary artery disease and preserved left ventricular function. We
      investigated the changes in HRR and assessed the impact of beta-blockade therapy
      on these parameters in patients with symptomatic congestive heart failure (CHF).
      METHODS AND RESULTS: HRR, defined as the difference from peak exercise heart rate
      (HR) to HR measured at 1, 2, and 3 minutes after maximal exercise test, was
      studied in 23 stable CHF patients and 12 healthy subjects. Patients with CHF
      performed a maximal exercise test using a Ramp protocol before and after 6 months
      of therapy with either metoprolol or carvedilol. Patients with CHF exhibited a
      significantly attenuated HRR compared with healthy subjects at 1 minute (17.8 +/-
      5.8 versus 26.8 +/- 16.2 beats), 2 minutes (34.0 +/- 10.6 versus 48.0 +/- 11.2
      bpm) and 3 minutes (41.0 +/- 12.4 versus 60.0 +/-12.4 bpm) after exercise (P<.05
      for all parameters). Beta-blocker therapy for 6 months did not significantly
      improve HRR. CONCLUSION: HRR is markedly attenuated in stable CHF patients
      compared with healthy subjects. Long-term beta-blocker therapy appears to cause
      no significant improvement in HRR up to 3 minutes after maximal exercise.

PMID- 13680551
TI  - In patients with severe systolic dysfunction, only brain natriuretic peptide is
      related to diastolic restrictive pattern.
AB  - BACKGROUND: In patients with severe systolic dysfunction the relationship between
      diastolic dysfunction and plasma levels of atrial and brain natriuretic peptide
      (ANP, BNP), catecholamines, renin, and aldosterone in patients with chronic heart
      failure (CHF) has never been investigated. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was
      to evaluate in clinically stable patients with severe systolic dysfunction
      whether the presence of diastolic restrictive pattern modifies neurohormonal
      plasma levels. METHODS: Of 82 consecutive patients with stable CHF, 36 were in
      sinus rhythm, had an adequate ultrasound window and an ejection fraction <30%,
      and gave their written consent. Plasma levels of ANP, BNP, aldosterone, renin,
      epinephrine, and norepinephrine were assessed, and the diastolic function was
      evaluated by Doppler transmitral flow velocity curves. RESULTS: Except for
      aldosterone, plasma levels of the other hormones were above normal range in most
      patients. Patients with restrictive pattern (22%) had BNP plasma levels
      significantly higher than patients with nonrestrictive pattern (78%): 251 +/- 196
      versus 44 +/- 35 ng/L (P=.02). A BNP value of 72.6 ng/L had a sensitivity of 88%,
      with a specificity of 89% for detecting restrictive pattern in our population.
      CONCLUSION: In clinically stable patients with CHF and severe systolic
      dysfunction, BNP is the only neurohormone sensitive to the concomitant presence
      of a restrictive pattern.

PMID- 13680552
TI  - Cardiac remodeling in patients with systemic sclerosis with no signs or symptoms
      of heart failure: an endomyocardial biopsy study.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a disease characterized by the fibrosis
      of the skin and internal organs. The nature and functional significance of
      myocardial damage is controversial. Systematic endomyocardial biopsy in this
      disease has not yet been performed. METHODS: The hypothesis that increased
      myocardial fibrous tissue deposition occurs in patients with systemic sclerosis
      with no signs or symptoms of heart failure and normal left systolic ventricle
      function was tested in 16 SSc patients and 10 controls. Endomyocardial biopsy
      specimens were obtained from the right ventricular septum in SSc patients.
      Myocardial specimens were obtained from the same area in controls. Masson's
      trichrome staining was used for collagen fiber identification. Interstitial
      (ICVF) and perivascular collagen volume fraction (PCVF) was quantified by
      videomorphometry. There was a significant increase in the ICVF in patients with
      SSc compared with the controls, in spite of normal systolic left ventricular
      function. However, it was not observed in the PCVF. CONCLUSIONS: It is possible
      to identify cardiac remodeling, characterized by myocardial fibrosis deposits,
      particularly within the interstitium in SSc patients before the any signs or
      symptoms of heart failure appear.

PMID- 13680553
TI  - Plasma endothelin-1 levels and clinical correlates in patients with chronic heart
      failure.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor peptide, and patients
      with chronic heart failure (CHF) are reported to have high plasma ET-1 levels.
      The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between plasma ET-1 levels
      and clinical correlates in patients with CHF. The effects of maximal exercise on
      plasma ET-1 levels were also investigated. METHODS: Plasma concentrations of ET
      1, norepinephrine, and atrial and brain natriuretic peptide (ANP and BNP) both at
      rest and after maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test were determined in 100
      patients with CHF (60 +/- 12 years, New York Heart Association [NYHA] class I
      III, left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF]=36 +/- 8%, peak oxygen uptake
      [VO2] = 18.2 +/- 5.0 mL/min/kg) and 27 controls. RESULTS: Patients with NYHA
      class II and III CHF had higher ET-1 levels (controls, NYHA class I, II, III: 2.1
      +/- 0.6, 2.1 +/- 1.0, 2.6 +/- 0.9, 3.4 +/- 0.8 pg/mL, analysis of variance P
      <.0001). Maximal exercise did not alter ET-1 levels in controls or in each CHF
      subgroup. When all CHF patients were analyzed together, cardiothoracic ratio
      (P<.01), peak VO2 (P<.001), plasma norepinephrine (P<.01), plasma ANP (P<.01),
      and plasma BNP (P<.001) were significantly related with resting ET-1 levels on
      univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis revealed peak VO2 and plasma BNP
      levels showed an independent and significant relationship with the resting plasma
      ET-1 levels. CONCLUSIONS: Resting ET-1 levels were increased in symptomatic
      patients with CHF, and maximal exercise did not increase ET-1 levels. Peak VO2
      and plasma BNP levels were independently associated with resting plasma ET-1
      levels in patients with CHF.

PMID- 13680554
TI  - Interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in relation to myocardial infarct
      size and collagen formation.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)
      levels increase after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in humans. Experimental
      data suggest that these cytokines regulate the initiation of scar formation after
      AMI. We investigated the interrelationships of IL-6 and TNF-alpha, tissue injury,
      infarct size, cardiac function, and collagen formation in humans. METHODS: Serum
      and plasma samples were taken on 93 patients receiving thrombolytic treatment for
      their first AMI. Collagen formation was evaluated by measuring concentrations of
      serum aminoterminal propeptide of type III procollagen (PIIINP). RESULTS: IL-6
      levels increased by 44% (P<.001) and peaked at 24 hours. Peak IL-6 levels
      correlated positively with area under the curve of creatine kinase MB mass
      (r=.31, P<.01), peak troponin T level (r=.34, P<.005), and PIIINP measured at
      discharge (r=.46, P<.001). There were no changes in TNF-alpha levels, and
      patients with left ventricular dysfunction (EF<40%) had similar TNF-alpha levels
      as those with preserved left ventricular function. CONCLUSIONS: IL-6 may regulate
      collagen formation and thus remodeling of the left ventricle after AMI. In
      addition, TNF-alpha measurement is useless in the assessment of infarct size or
      left ventricular function during the immediate post-infarction period.

PMID- 13680556
TI  - Digoxin and quality of life in heart failure.

PMID- 13680555
TI  - Heart failure in diabetic patients: utility of beta-blockade.
AB  - BACKGROUND: Congestive heart failure (CHF) occurs with increased frequency in
      patients with diabetes and carries a higher risk of morbidity and mortality
      compared with nondiabetic persons. Diabetic patients are more likely to suffer
      from CHF and its consequences because of hypertensive and ischemic heart disease
      and diabetic cardiomyopathy. METHODS: Intensive combination therapy, directed at
      the different aspects of the pathophysiology of CHF in diabetes patients, results
      in improved outcomes. Improvement of glycemia, reduction of low-density
      lipoprotein cholesterol levels, tight control of blood pressure, and antiplatelet
      therapy have been all shown to decrease the morbidity and mortality associated
      with CHF in diabetic patients. beta-blockade added to angiotensin-converting
      enzyme (ACE) inhibition has become an increasingly integral component of CHF
      therapy. RESULTS: Improved outcome with beta-blockade treatment is due to
      decreased incidence of both sudden death and pump failure and is of particular
      benefit to diabetic patients during and after myocardial infarctions complicated
      by systolic dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: Based on retrospective analysis, beta
      blocking agents with vasodilating properties may provide additional benefits in
      diabetic patients because they may improve insulin sensitivity and
      vasorelaxation.

PMID- 13680558
TI  - Academy and Congress annual assembly abstracts online.

PMID- 13680559
TI  - Reduced plasma levels of tyrosine, precursor of brain catecholamines, and of
      essential amino acids in patients with severe traumatic brain injury after
      rehabilitation.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether levels of plasma tyrosine and tryptophan,
      precursors of brain catecholamine and serotonin neurotransmitters, respectively,
      and other essential amino acids (EAA) may return to normal in patients with
      severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) after 2 months in a hospital rehabilitation
      center. DESIGN: Peripheral plasma concentrations of tyrosine, tryptophan, and
      other EAAs in subjects with severe TBI, both at admission (44+/-11d postinjury)
      and at discharge from the center (110+/-15d after acute event) were compared with
      concentrations in control subjects. SETTING: Tertiary care rehabilitation setting
      in Italy. PARTICIPANTS: Ten men (26.6+/-12.6y) with TBI and 6 healthy subjects
      (controls) matched for age, sex, voluntary loss of body weight, and sedentary
      lifestyle. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Concentrations
      of brain neurotransmitter precursor amino acids and of EAA. RESULTS: On
      admission, patients had lower plasma tyrosine, leucine, valine, methionine, and
      phenylalanine concentrations than did control subjects. The plasma concentrations
      of tryptophan were similar in the 2 groups. These amino acid abnormalities were
      still present at discharge. CONCLUSION: The levels of plasma tyrosine and many
      EAA in patients with TBI did not recover by discharge (110+/-15d) from
      rehabilitation. Plasma tryptophan concentrations were similar in patients and
      controls.

PMID- 13680560
TI  - An Italian survey of traumatic spinal cord injury. The Gruppo Italiano Studio
      Epidemiologico Mielolesioni study.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To describe the etiology, clinical presentation, complications,
      outcome indicators, and links between emergency and acute intervention and
      rehabilitation of patients with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). DESIGN:
      Multicenter prospective study involving patients with SCI discharged, after
      rehabilitative care, between February 1, 1997, and January 31, 1999. SETTING:
      Thirty-two Italian hospitals involved in SCI rehabilitation. PARTICIPANTS: Six
      hundred eighty-four patients with traumatic SCI on their first admission to a
      rehabilitation center. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
      Neurologic improvement (NI), bladder autonomy, feelings of dependency, and
      destination were evaluated on discharge. Pressure ulcers on admission, time from
      injury to admission, and length of stay (LOS) were considered as indirect
      measures of the effectiveness of the health system. RESULTS: Traumatic etiology
      had a male-to-female ratio of 4:1 (548:136). Collision on the road was the main
      cause of traumatic injury (53.8%). Mean time from injury to admission was 36.8
      days; 126 patients (18%) were admitted within the first week after injury. Mean
      LOS was 135.5 days. In 184 patients (26.9%), a pressure ulcer was present on
      admission. On discharge, NI was recorded in 179 patients (26.2%), whereas 446
      (65%) and 418 (61%) had bladder and bowel autonomy, respectively, and 560 (81.9%)
      returned home. In the multivariate analysis, independent variables predicting
      poor outcome (NI, feelings of dependency, sphincter autonomy, discharge to home,
      LOS) were related both to the lesion (completeness, cervical involvement) and to
      the indicators of health service organization (time from injury to admission,
      complications on admission and during stay). CONCLUSIONS: Our focus on the
      etiology of traumatic SCI showed that efforts should be made to prevent
      collisions on the road. Our study also highlights problems in the comprehensive
      management of patients with SCI in Italy. Better organization could help reduce
      the time from injury to admission, the number of complications on admission, and
      LOS, and it could help improve rehabilitation outcome.

PMID- 13680561
TI  - The relationship between sitting stability and functional performance in patients
      with paraplegia.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To compare sitting stability between patients with high and low
      thoracic spinal cord injury (SCI), to determine the factors that can predict
      sitting stability, and to examine the relationship between sitting stability and
      functional performance. DESIGN: Cross-sectional assessment was performed on
      subjects with paraplegia. SETTING: Rehabilitation hospital affiliated with a
      medical university. PARTICIPANTS: Convenience sample of 30 adults with complete
      chronic thoracic SCI. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: (1)
      Postural sway during quiet sitting over 30 seconds was recorded as static sitting
      stability, and composite maximal weight-shift during leaning tasks over 30
      seconds was measured as dynamic sitting stability; (2) age, body weight, trunk
      length, trunk strength, postonset duration, injury level, and presence of
      spasticity were examined as predictive variables for sitting stability; and (3)
      the time for completion of upper- and lower-body dressing and undressing and
      transfer was measured as functional performance. RESULTS: A significant
      difference in composite maximal weight-shift was found between high and low
      thoracic SCI subjects (t=2.90, P<.01). Injury level and trunk length were 2
      important predictive factors for dynamic sitting stability, and they explained
      43.5% of the variance. Only the completion time of upper-body dressing and
      undressing correlated significantly with static (r=.465, P=.01) and dynamic (r=
      .377, P<.05) sitting stability. CONCLUSIONS: The subjects with low thoracic SCI
      showed better dynamic sitting stability than those with high thoracic SCI. Injury
      level and trunk length, not trunk flexion or extension strength, predicted the
      outcome of dynamic sitting stability. Measures were not precise enough to predict
      functional performance from the viewpoint of injury level and sitting stability.
      The underlying premise that a reduction or increase in trunk strength is
      indicative of poorer or better sitting stability in SCI individuals is
      questioned, and implications for problem identification and treatment planning
      are discussed.

PMID- 13680562
TI  - Years to employment after spinal cord injury.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To identify factors related to the length of time between spinal cord
      injury (SCI) onset and return to work among 259 participants with SCI, all of
      whom have worked at some point since SCI onset. DESIGN: All data were cross
      sectional and collected by survey methodology. SETTING: A midwestern university
      hospital and private hospital in the same metropolitan area. PARTICIPANTS:
      Participants were identified from outpatient records of 2 participating
      hospitals. They met 4 exclusion and inclusion criteria: (1) traumatic SCI; (2) 18
      years of age or older; (3) a minimum of 2 years postinjury; and (4) had been
      employed at some time since SCI. The 259 participants' average age was 46.4 years
      at the time of the study, with an average of 23.5 years having passed since SCI
      onset. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Years from injury
      onset to beginning first postinjury job, years to the first full-time postinjury
      job, and the Life Situation Questionnaire. RESULTS: Participants averaged 4.8
      years from the time of SCI onset to their first postinjury job and 6.3 years
      until their first full-time postinjury job. However, these figures varied greatly
      depending on whether the individual returned to the preinjury job, was working as
      a professional at the time of injury, had a noncervical injury, and the amount of
      education by the time of injury. CONCLUSION: There are 2 general tracks to
      employment after SCI-a fast track where people return to their preinjury job or
      preinjury profession and a slower track that is generally associated with needs
      for further reeducation and training. Working to return the individual to the
      preinjury job or to a position related to their preinjury occupation may
      substantially shorten the interval to return to work. In cases where this is not
      possible, counselors must work with individuals to understand the timeline of
      return to work and identify realistic educational goals that fit both the
      individual's interest pattern and postinjury abilities.

PMID- 13680563
TI  - The role of capsular distention in adhesive capsulitis.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To explore the efficacy of capsular distension in the treatment of
      adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder joint. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING:
      Musculoskeletal clinic. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-two patients (18 women, 4 men; mean
      age, 41.3y; range, 29-54y) with adhesive capsulitis of shoulder joint. Nineteen
      patients had Hannafin stage II and 3 patients had Hannafin stage III adhesive
      capsulitis. All patients had continuous pain and significant range of motion
      (ROM) limitations of the shoulder joint despite a minimum of 3 months of physical
      therapy (PT). INTERVENTION: Capsular distension with saline under fluoroscopic
      control, followed by a PT program. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: L'Insalata Shoulder
      Rating Questionnaire (LSRQ) score and Hannafin ROM assessment protocol. RESULTS:
      In the 19 patients with stage II adhesive capsulitis, the mean LSRQ score and
      range of abduction improved from predistention values of 49.8 degrees and 87.2
      degrees to postdistension mean values of 88.1 degrees and 117.6 degrees at
      minimum of 1 year postdistention, respectively (P<.05). However, in the 3
      patients with stage III adhesive capsulitis, the mean LSRQ score and range of
      abduction changed from predistention values of 41.2 degrees and 84.1 degrees to
      postdistension mean values of 57.8 degrees and 90.4 degrees at minimum of 1 year
      postdistention, respectively (P>.05). CONCLUSIONS: The treatment modality should
      be individualized on the basis of the stage of the adhesive capsulitis, and the
      distension procedure should be reserved for patients in stage II who do not
      progress despite participating in a PT program.

PMID- 13680564
TI  - Three-dimensional shoulder kinematics during a pressure relief technique and
      wheelchair transfer.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To assess 3-dimensional scapulothoracic and glenohumeral kinematics in
      able-bodied subjects during a weight-relief raise and while transferring to and
      from a wheelchair. DESIGN: Repeated-measures analysis of variance. SETTING:
      Research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-five able-bodied subjects without
      spinal cord injury or shoulder symptoms (20 men, 5 women; age range, 20-37y).
      INTERVENTIONS: Completion of weight-relief raise and transfer tasks. MAIN OUTCOME
      MEASURES: An electromagnetic motion capture system tracked 3-dimensional position
      and orientation of the thorax, scapula, and humerus. Absolute angular values
      assessed included scapular downward and upward rotation, internal and external
      rotation, and posterior and anterior tipping all relative to the thorax, as well
      as humeral internal and external rotation relative to the scapula. Data were
      compared across 3 phases of the weight-relief raise and for transfer direction
      (leading arm, trailing arm). RESULTS: Key findings included significantly
      increased anterior tipping and internal rotation of the scapula and decreased
      scapular upward rotation and external rotation of the humerus during the weight
      relief raise. The leading arm showed significantly greater scapular anterior
      tipping and internal rotation and less scapular upward rotation and humeral
      external rotation than the trailing arm during the final phase of the transfer.
      CONCLUSIONS: Both the weight-relief raise and transfer result in scapular and
      humeral positions and directions of motion that may negatively impact the
      available subacromial space. This may present increased risk for injury or
      progression of shoulder pain in persons who must routinely perform these tasks.

PMID- 13680565
TI  - Rehabilitation unit staff attitudes toward substance abuse: changes and
      similarities between 1985 and 2001.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: (1) To assess the attitudes of the members of an inpatient
      rehabilitation unit team toward their unit's substance abuse and tobacco use
      policies, and (2) to compare the findings with those of a survey 16 years
      earlier. DESIGN: An anonymous repeated assessment of staff attitudes and
      behaviors. SETTING: A 47-bed inpatient rehabilitation unit. PARTICIPANTS:
      Rehabilitation unit nurses, occupational and physical therapists, psychologists,
      physicians, social workers, and speech pathologists. INTERVENTIONS: Not
      applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Change in response with time. RESULTS: Seventy
      percent (89/128) of the staff members completed the survey. Seventy-two percent
      believed that they were "familiar or very familiar" with the unit's substance
      abuse policy and 51% were "concerned" or "very concerned" about their patients'
      alcohol and drug use. Nineteen percent reported complaints about the policy from
      their patients and 8% reported complaints from family members. Support for a
      uniform substance abuse policy remained high: 96% supported a uniform policy in
      both 1985 and 2001. However, only 15% believed that staff drug abuse education
      was adequate and only 45% believed that the current policy was "adequate" or
      "very adequate." (Corresponding responses in 1985 were 20% and 50%,
      respectively.) All but 1 respondent considered tobacco use an addiction, but only
      48% believed that their patients were routinely assessed for its use. CONCLUSION:
      Support for a uniform substance abuse policy remains strong. Although most team
      members support the policy, they believe that their education about substance
      abuse is inadequate. Staff members almost unanimously accept tobacco use as an
      addiction, but they believe that assessment and intervention efforts are poor.

PMID- 13680566
TI  - Reliability of treadmill exercise testing in older patients with chronic
      hemiparetic stroke.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To assess the test-retest reliability of cardiopulmonary measurements
      during peak effort and submaximal treadmill walking tests in older patients with
      gait-impaired chronic hemiparetic stroke. DESIGN: Nonrandomized test-retest.
      SETTING: Hospital geriatric research stress testing laboratory. PARTICIPANTS:
      Fifty-three subjects (44 men, 9 women; mean age, 65+/-8y) with chronic
      hemiparetic gait after remote (>6mo) ischemic stroke. Patients had mild to
      moderate chronic hemiparetic gait deficits, making handrail support necessary
      during treadmill walking. INTERVENTIONS: Peak effort and submaximal effort
      treadmill walking tests were conducted and then repeated on a separate day at
      least a week later. Main outcome measures Reliability coefficients (r) were
      calculated for heart rate, systolic blood pressure (SBP), oxygen consumption
      (Vo(2) [L/min]), Vo(2) (mL.kg(-1).min(-1)), respiratory exchange ratio (RER),
      rate-pressure product (RPP), and oxygen pulse during peak effort testing. The
      reliability coefficients for all but SBP and RPP data were calculated from the
      submaximal tests. RESULTS: Heart rate (r=.87), Vo(2)peak (L/min) (r=.92),
      Vo(2)peak (mL.kg(-1).min(-1)) (r=.92), and oxygen pulse (r=93) were highly
      reliable parameters during maximal testing in this population. Submaximal testing
      produced highly reliable results for V.o(2) (L/min) (r=.89) and oxygen pulse
      (r=.85). All cardiopulmonary measures except RER had a reliability coefficient
      greater than.80 during submaximal testing in this population. CONCLUSION: Our
      study provides the first evidence that peak effort treadmill testing provides
      highly reliable oxygen consumption measures in chronic hemiparetic stroke
      patients using minimal handrail support. The submaximal tests were at or near the
      threshold level of reliability for the 2 most important measures of V.o(2)
      (L/min) and V.o(2) (mL.kg(-1).min(-1)) (r=.89, r=.84, respectively), with the
      remaining measures falling above.70.

PMID- 13680567
TI  - Multifidi muscles median frequency before and after spinal stabilization
      exercises.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To determine changes in multifidi muscle endurance and functional
      status after a 4-week spinal stabilization exercise program for patients
      presenting with chronic low back dysfunction (LBD). DESIGN: Short-term
      longitudinal cohort study. SETTING: A rehabilitation facility. PARTICIPANTS:
      Sixteen patients (10 men, 6 women) with chronic LBD. INTERVENTIONS: Patients were
      evaluated pre- and posttreatment for outcomes of functional status and muscle
      fatigue. Treatment consisted of patients participating in supervised spinal
      stabilization exercises 3 times a week over a 4-week period. Main outcome
      measures Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire and muscle fatigue based
      on electromyographically based median frequency assessed during the first 4
      seconds and the last 4 seconds of a modified 1-minute Sorenson test. RESULTS:
      Oswestry scores improved significantly from pre- to posttreatment (22.9 vs 18.3,
      P<.027). A significant treatment by gender interaction (P<.031) indicated
      significant pre- to posttreatment loss of endurance for men (149.3 vs 143.2,
      P<.045) and a slight, but not statistically significant increase in endurance for
      women (110.7 vs. 115.5, P<.20). CONCLUSIONS: A 4-week spinal stabilization
      exercise program significantly improved functional status in patients presenting
      with LBD. However, a significant pre- to posttreatment increase in multifidi
      muscle fatigue for men (P<.045) coupled with a nonsignificant improvement in
      multifidi muscle endurance for women (P<.20) was unexpected; this may reflect an
      insufficiency of a 4-week program to effect muscle fatigue or a lack of
      sensitivity of electromyographically based median frequency as the method for
      assessing muscle endurance. Additional randomized controlled trials to more fully
      investigate treatment effects and factors that may mediate these effects are
      needed.

PMID- 13680568
TI  - Perceived and measured levels of exertion of patients with chronic back pain
      exercising in a hydrotherapy pool.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of using ratings of perceived exertion
      (RPEs) to regulate exercise intensity for patients with chronic back pain while
      they undergo hydrotherapy. DESIGN: Experimental study. SETTING: Hydrotherapy pool
      in the United Kingdom. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-six patients (16 women, 10 men) with
      chronic low back pain of more than 12 months in duration. All were referred for
      hydrotherapy after attending a back pain triage clinic. INTERVENTIONS: Not
      applicable. Main outcome measures Borg Ratings of Perceived Exertion Scale; heart
      rate expressed as a percentage of age-predicted maximum heart rate, computed from
      readings using heart rate monitors; Oswestry Disability Questionnaire; and pain
      score from a visual analog scale. RESULTS: At workloads below 55% of age
      predicted maximum heart rate, great variability was found in the relation between
      RPE and exercise intensity. However, for workloads between 55% and 85% of age
      predicted maximum heart rate, RPE had a strong correlation with relative exercise
      intensity during hydrotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: At workloads sufficient to induce an
      aerobic training response, and yet be safe for patients with chronic back pain,
      RPE was an accurate predictor of exercise intensity. At lower intensities, back
      and leg pain may exert a mediating influence. Further investigation is needed to
      determine the exact relation between back pain, exercise type, and RPE at low
      exercise intensities.

PMID- 13680570
TI  - Patient-focused rehabilitation team cohesiveness in veterans administration
      hospitals.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To quantify the relation of hospital culture, 3 levels of leadership
      (hospital-level administrators, discipline-specific supervisors, attending
      physician on the team), and physician involvement to patient-focused
      rehabilitation team cohesiveness. DESIGN: Survey research. SETTING: 48 Veterans
      Administration hospitals (VAHs). PARTICIPANTS: Six hundred fifty members of 50
      rehabilitation teams. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. Main outcome measures Scales
      measuring hospital culture, administrative support, supervisor expectations,
      attending physician support, and physician involvement (independent variables),
      and patient-focused rehabilitation team cohesiveness (dependent variable).
      Associations between scales were examined by using a hierarchical linear
      regression model. RESULTS: Patient-focused team rehabilitation cohesiveness was
      significantly (P<.05) associated with administrative support, supervisor
      expectations, attending physician support, and physician involvement (Wald
      chi(2)=1192.66, P<.0001) (R(2)=.6431). There was no statistically significant
      independent association with hospital culture. CONCLUSIONS: Expectations of
      discipline-specific supervisors and hands-on team leadership and involvement by
      the attending physician were associated to a significant degree with the extent
      to which rehabilitation teams in VAHs reported functioning in a cohesive manner.
      Higher functioning on patient-focused team cohesion indicates that patient
      services were likely delivered with greater interprofessional communication and
      joint effort.

PMID- 13680569
TI  - Enhancing function in older adults with chronic low back pain: a pilot study of
      endurance training.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness of a bicycle endurance program in older
      adults with chronic low back pain (CLBP) and to identify correlates of exercise
      adherence. DESIGN: Prospective cohort. SETTING: Residential facilities and a
      tertiary care hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Adults with CLBP aged 55 years and older.
      Of 29 subjects who agreed to participate, 3 (10%) were deemed ineligible at
      baseline. Nineteen subjects (73%) were women, and the median age was 72 years.
      INTERVENTIONS: Subjects were assessed at baseline and at 6 and 12 weeks by using
      standardized questionnaires, physical examination, and endurance testing by a
      physical therapist. Subjects received a bicycle and instructions to exercise 3
      times a week for 12 weeks at a set wattage. A trained rescarcher collected
      exercise data weekly. Main outcome measures The Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item
      Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), the lumbar spinal stenosis symptom severity and
      function scales, and kilocalories were used to assess change. RESULTS: At
      baseline, subjects were moderately impaired (mean SF-36 physical function score,
      52.6). Eighteen (65%) completed the trial. At 12 weeks, physical functioning (SF
      36) improved by 11%, mental health (Mental Health Inventory 5-Item Questionnaire)
      improved by 14%, and CLBP symptoms decreased by 8%. Reasons for withdrawing
      included illness, family issues, and bicycle-related discomfort. CONCLUSIONS: The
      bicycle program was safe and effective for improving functional status and well
      being.

PMID- 13680571
TI  - Effects of short duration static stretching on the denervated and reinnervated
      soleus muscle morphology in the rat.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of short duration static stretching of
      denervated and reinnervated muscle using a histochemical study on the soleus
      muscle of the rat. DESIGN: Prospective randomized trial. SETTING: University
      medical school in Japan. ANIMALS: Fifty-four 8-week-old female Wistar rats with a
      mean weight +/- standard deviation of 185.8+/-9.9g. INTERVENTIONS: After a cold
      injury was applied to the rat right sciatic nerve, the bilateral soleus muscles
      were maximally stretched in the dorsiflex posture of the ankle joints for 40
      minutes a day, 6 times a week (group S). Rats were compared with nonstretched
      rats (group D) for up to 4 weeks. Main outcome measures Muscle fiber cross
      sectional areas, muscle fiber types, and sciatic nerve morphology. RESULTS: No
      apparent difference in the morphologic changes of the sciatic nerve was found
      between groups D and S. The mean fiber size progressively declined to a minimum 2
      weeks after the injury and reversed in the following weeks. At weeks 1 and 2, the
      mean type I fiber size in group S was significantly larger than in group D
      (P<.05). The number ratio of the type II to total fibers increased until 3 weeks
      in group D, whereas the ratio in group S was increased at 2 weeks, and
      successively decreased. CONCLUSIONS: The mechanical stimuli of static stretching
      could prevent atrophy of the type I fibers in the denervated muscle and affect
      the reinnervated muscle fiber-type composition.

PMID- 13680572
TI  - Satisfaction with medical rehabilitation in patients with orthopedic impairment.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To examine patient satisfaction after orthopedic impairment at 80 to
      180 days after inpatient rehabilitation. DESIGN: Retrospective design examining
      records from facilities subscribing to the Uniform Data System for Medical
      Rehabilitation (UDSmr). SETTING: Information submitted to UDSmr from 1997 to 1998
      by 177 hospital and rehabilitation facilities from 40 states. PARTICIPANTS: The
      sample (N=7781) was 72.63% female and 88.60% non-Hispanic white, with a mean age
      +/- standard deviation of 73.07+/-11.81 years, and average length of stay (LOS)
      of 13.84+/-10.48 days. INTERVENTION: Usual rehabilitation care. Main outcome
      measures Level of satisfaction 80 to 180 days after discharge as well as motor,
      cognitive, and subscale ratings for the FIM trade mark instrument. Predictor
      variables included gender, age, English language, marital status, discharge
      setting, LOS, rehospitalization, FIM gain, and primary payer. RESULTS: A logistic
      regression model was used to predict patient satisfaction at follow-up. Five
      statistically significant (P<.05) variables were found and correctly classified
      94.9% of the patients. Discharge motor FIM rating, rehospitalization, age,
      patient's primary language, and discharge setting were associated with increased
      satisfaction. Discharge motor FIM ratings were significantly associated with
      increased satisfaction in patients with joint replacements and lower-extremity
      fractures. CONCLUSION: unctional and demographic variables were identified as
      predictors of satisfaction in patients with orthopedic impairments.

PMID- 13680573
TI  - Localized and adaptive synoviocyte proliferation characteristics in rat knee
      joint contractures secondary to immobility.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To investigate the proliferative activity of synoviocytes in joint
      contracture. DESIGN: Experimental controlled trial. SETTING: Laboratory in vivo
      study. ANIMALS: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (avg weight, 340g). INTERVENTIONS:
      Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We immobilized the knee joints of 24 rats,
      in 135 degrees of flexion, for up to 32 weeks. Controls were 24 sham-operated and
      5 unoperated rats. On sagittal sections, synoviocytes that stained with a
      proliferating cell nuclear antigen antibody were counted over the anterior and
      posterior synovial intima. The length of the synovial intima was also measured.
      RESULTS: The absolute number of proliferating synoviocytes decreased markedly in
      the posterior capsule of knee joints immobilized for more than 2 weeks (2.4+/-1.0
      vs 22.7+/-7.1 at week 16, P<.05), and so did the synovial intima length (1.4+/
      0.1mm vs 8.6+/-0.5mm at week 16, P<.05). No change occurred anteriorly.
      CONCLUSION: A decreased number of proliferating synoviocytes and increased intima
      adhesion in the posterior capsule characterized joint contractures. The data
      further suggest that the synovial intima adapted to the new position of the
      joint. Phenomena of mechanotransduction could explain the fact that adaptations
      were restricted to the posterior synovial intima.

PMID- 13680574
TI  - The influence of the length of lower-limb prosthesis on spinal kinematics.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To examine the immediate effects of a change in prosthetic length on
      the kinematics of the lumbar spine in lower-limb amputees. DESIGN: An
      experimental study with repeated measurements of lumbar spine movements under
      conditions of different prosthetic lengths. SETTING: A free-standing
      rehabilitation center in the United Kingdom. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty unilateral
      below-knee amputees. INTERVENTION: Patients performed anatomic movements of the
      lumbar spine in standing and a sit-to-stand activity. Changes in prosthetic
      length were produced by placing a wooden block under the prosthetic and sound
      legs. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The positions of the pelvis and the lumbar spine in
      standing and the movement patterns of the lumbar spine were recorded by an
      electromagnetic tracking device. RESULTS: A change in prosthetic length produced
      lateral tilt of the pelvis and lateral bending of the spine in standing. The mean
      maximum magnitudes of lateral bending and axial rotation toward the sound and
      prosthetic sides were different. Subjects exhibited lateral bending and axial
      rotation when they performed the flexion movement. There were also changes in the
      direction of coupling between lateral bending and axial rotation in some
      subjects. CONCLUSION: A change in prosthetic length or leg-length inequality
      altered the kinematics of the lumbar spine.

PMID- 13680576
TI  - Relation of postvoid residual to urinary tract infection during stroke
      rehabilitation.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To examine (1) risk factors for urinary tract infection (UTI) during
      stroke rehabilitation and (2) the relation of postvoid residual (PVR) to the
      frequency of UTI. DESIGN: Prospective case series. SETTING: Academic specialty
      stroke rehabilitation service. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred one consecutive
      admissions for stroke rehabilitation. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. Main outcome
      measure Presence or absence of UTI. RESULTS: Previously undiagnosed UTI was found
      in 28 of 101 subjects. Two or more PVR determinations of 150mL or more were an
      independent risk factor for UTI. In multivariate analysis, factors associated
      with increased risk of UTI included only use of beta-blockers and 2 peak PVR
      determinations of 150mL or more. Single determinations were not significant.
      CONCLUSION: The optimal PVR for initiating bladder catheterization during stroke
      rehabilitation remains unknown, but the risk of UTI increases only when 2 or more
      ultrasound PVR readings are more than 150mL.

PMID- 13680575
TI  - Spastic velocity threshold constrains functional performance in cerebral palsy.
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate a quantitative, velocity-based assessment of spasticity
      in the quadriceps and hamstrings muscles of children with cerebral palsy (CP) and
      to show the effects of spasticity in constraining knee velocities during fast
      gait. DESIGN: A quantitative comparison of neuromuscular and biomechanical
      performance in patients with CP and controls without CP. SETTING: Movement
      analysis laboratory within a university clinical referral center. PARTICIPANTS: A
      convenience sample of 18 ambulatory patients with CP and 11 control subjects
      without CP. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Spastic
      threshold velocity recorded from electromyographic response during passive
      isovelocity knee movement was compared with knee angular velocity during fast
      walking, Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) scores, and Ashworth Scale score.
      RESULTS: Patients with measurable spasticity showed slower peak knee angular
      velocity during walking than patients without spasticity (P<.005). A significant
      correlation existed between spastic threshold velocity and peak knee angular
      velocity during fast walking (r=.85, P<.001). Spastic threshold velocity
      correlated significantly with GMFM (r=.58, P<.05) but not with Ashworth score.
      CONCLUSIONS: The velocity dependency of spasticity can be measured by
      electromyograph and dynamometer to determine spastic threshold velocity. Spastic
      threshold velocity correlated with limitations in joint angular velocity during
      walking and functional performance.

PMID- 13680577
TI  - Motor evoked potentials of the lower extremity in predicting motor recovery and
      ambulation after stroke: a cohort study.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To assess the prognostic value of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in
      the lower extremity with respect to motor recovery and functional recovery in
      stroke patients. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: The department of neurology at a
      university hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-eight acute-stroke patients with
      complete paralysis (paralysis subgroup) or severe paresis (paresis subgroup) of
      the lower extremity. MEPs of the vastus medialis and the tibialis anterior
      muscles were recorded between days 3 and 10 after stroke onset. INTERVENTIONS:
      Not applicable. Main outcome measures A separate proximal leg motor score
      (maximum, 16 points) and crural motor score (maximum, 2 points) were defined
      within the lower-limb subset of the original Fugl-Meyer Motor Assessment to
      evaluate the motor performance at regular intervals until 6 months after stroke.
      The transfer item of the Barthel Index and the Functional Ambulation Categories
      scores were used to assess transfer and walking ability. RESULTS: For the
      paralysis subgroup (n=30), the follow-up was complete in 27 patients (2 patients
      died, 1 patient underwent above-knee amputation). At 26 weeks, 20 patients
      experienced proximal motor recovery (mean score +/- standard deviation, 11.70+/
      4.48), and 12 of them also showed crural motor recovery (mean score, 1.40+/-.51).
      Nine patients (33%) could perform an independent transfer safely, and 7 (26%) had
      learned to walk independently. Analysis revealed significant relationships for
      tibialis anterior muscle MEPs and motor recovery of crural leg muscles (odds
      ratio [OR]=18.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31-894.40), but not for vastus
      medialis muscle MEPs and proximal motor recovery (OR=6.00; 95% CI,.53-303.00). We
      found no association between vastus medialis muscle MEPs and recovery of
      ambulation. However, tibialis anterior muscle MEPs seemed to provide a test with
      prognostic value for the ability to perform independent transfers (OR=17.50; 95%
      CI, 1.36-267.00), but not for walking (OR=5.25; 95% CI,.40-77.57). Patients in
      the paresis subgroup experienced more favorable motor and functional recovery
      than did those in the paralysis subgroup. CONCLUSIONS: Tibialis anterior muscle
      MEPs registered in subacute phase after stroke may provide important prognostic
      information, both for motor recovery of the crural muscles and for the ability to
      perform independent transfers in patients with initial complete paralysis of the
      lower extremity. Vastus medialis muscle MEPs were not predictive for motor and
      functional recovery.

PMID- 13680578
TI  - Joint position dependence of weakness during maximum isometric voluntary
      contractions in subjects with hemiparesis.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To determine the distribution of weakness across elbow range of motion
      (ROM) in subjects with hemiparesis. DESIGN: A detailed analysis of elbow torque
      and associated electromyographic signals of 5 prime elbow muscles generated
      during maximum isometric voluntary flexion (MIVF) and extension (MIVE) at 8
      different elbow positions. SETTING: Rehabilitation center research laboratory.
      PARTICIPANTS: Convenience samples of 5 controls and 10 subjects with hemiparesis
      with sufficient passive (>90 degrees ) and active (>60 degrees ) ROM on their
      paretic side. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Measured and
      normalized MIVF and MIVE torques and normalized moving average electromyographic
      signals of each muscle at each testing position. RESULTS: Measured MIVF and MIVE
      torques generated by the hemiparetic group were marginally and significantly
      smaller than those of the control group (2-factor repeated-measures analysis of
      variance [ANOVA]: P=.053 for MIVF, P=.011 for MIVE). Distribution of weakness was
      nonuniform across elbow positions, as shown by normalized torque-position curves.
      Normalized MIVE torque of the hemiparetic group was significantly and marginally
      smaller than that of the control group at 15 degrees and 30 degrees (Student t
      test: P<.0001, P=.054), respectively. Although statistically not significant, the
      normalized MIVF torque of the hemiparetic group was slightly larger than that of
      the control group but became smaller than the control group's as the elbow flexed
      beyond 90 degrees. Our electromyographic recordings supported the normalized MIVF
      torque findings, showing a significant increase in brachioradialis activation in
      the control group at flexed positions during MIVF (1-factor repeated-measure
      ANOVA, P=.003), but not in the hemiparetic group (P=.392). CONCLUSION: Our
      findings suggest that measuring the strength in multiple joint positions is
      useful for characterizing the basic changes in muscle activation strategies and
      properties and provides a relevant measure of elbow weakness from a clinical and
      functional perspective. Various mechanisms of action are discussed to better
      understand the relation between joint position and weakness.

PMID- 13680579
TI  - An investigation into the analgesic effects of different frequencies of the
      amplitude-modulated wave of interferential current therapy on cold-induced pain
      in normal subjects.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To investigate the analgesic effects of different amplitude-modulated
      frequencies of interferential current therapy (IFT) on cold-induced pain in
      healthy subjects. DESIGN: Single-blind parallel group methodology was used.
      Subjects completed 6 cycles of the cold-induced pain test (2 pretreatment, 2
      during treatment, 2 posttreatment). During each cycle, subjects plunged their
      hand into iced water and the time taken to reach pain threshold was recorded. The
      hand remained immersed in the iced water for a further 30 seconds, after which
      the self-reports of pain intensity and pain unpleasantness were recorded.
      SETTING: Laboratory in the United Kingdom. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty unpaid, pain-free
      volunteers without a known pathology that could cause pain. INTERVENTIONS: IFT
      delivered on the nondominant arm at a "strong but comfortable" intensity without
      visible muscle twitches, using a quadripolar application technique at 1 of 6
      possible amplitude modulated "beat" frequencies (20, 60, 100, 140, 180, 220Hz).
      MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The percentage change in pain threshold, pain intensity,
      and pain unpleasantness from the pretreatment baseline. RESULTS: Two-way repeated
      measures analyses of variance found no effects for groups for pain threshold
      (P=.11) or pain ratings (P>.05). There were no effects for cycle for any of the
      outcome measures. Effects for group by cycle interaction were noted for pain
      intensity and unpleasantness ratings (P<.05), although post hoc analysis failed
      to determine the nature of this interaction. CONCLUSIONS: Experimentally induced
      cold pain was not influenced by IFT frequencies.

PMID- 13680580
TI  - Unilateral brachial plexus injury as a complication of thoracoscopic
      sympathectomy for hyperhidrosis: a case report.
AB  - Unilateral brachial plexus injury is a rare complication of thoracoscopic
      sympathectomy, which is generally considered to be a simple and safe procedure.
      We report on a 26-year-old man who developed weakness and numbness of the right
      arm after thoracoscopic sympathectomy for hyperhidrosis. Electromyographic study
      revealed evidence of denervation in the upper trunk of the right brachial plexus.
      A nerve conduction study on the right axillary nerve revealed a reduced compound
      muscle action potential amplitude at the right deltoid muscle. We suggest that
      this complication was caused by stretch and/or compression when the arm was
      hyperabducted during the operation. The outcome was excellent, with almost
      complete recovery 3 months later. The complication can be prevented by minimizing
      operation time and avoiding hyperabduction of the arm. The prognosis for
      postoperative brachial plexopathy is usually good with conservative management.

PMID- 13680581
TI  - Use of botulinum toxin type B for the treatment of detrusor hyperreflexia in a
      patient with multiple sclerosis: a case report.
AB  - We describe a patient with multiple sclerosis (MS) who had detrusor hyperreflexia
      that was not responsive to oral medications or clean intermittent
      catheterization. This patient was successfully treated with 2 separate injections
      of botulinum toxin type B into the bladder. The results of the treatment lasted 4
      months and there were no side effects. A cystometrogram (CMG) done before the
      botulinum toxin type B injections showed significant detrusor instability. A
      repeat CMG months later showed no detrusor instability. To our knowledge, this is
      the first reported successful use of botulinum toxin type B in a patient with
      detrusor hyperreflexia from MS.

PMID- 13680814
TI  - Phytoestrogens: a review of the present state of research.
AB  - Phytoestrogens are a diverse group of plant-derived compounds that structurally
      or functionally mimic mammalian estrogens and show potential benefits for human
      health. The number of articles published on phytoestrogens has risen dramatically
      in the past couple decades. Further research continues to demonstrate the
      biological complexity of phytoestrogens, which belong to several different
      chemical classes and act through diverse mechanisms. This paper discusses the
      classification of phytoestrogens, methods of identification, their proposed
      mechanisms of action and botanical sources for phytoestrogens. The effects of
      phytoestrogens on breast and prostate cancers, cardiovascular disease, menopausal
      symptoms and osteoporosis will also be examined including research on benefits
      and risks.

PMID- 13680815
TI  - Free radical scavenging capacity and protective effect of Bacopa monniera L. on
      DNA damage.
AB  - Bacopa monniera L. (family Scrophulariaceae) (BM) is an Ayurvedic medicine,
      clinically used for memory enhancing, epilepsy, insomnia and as a mild sedative.
      In this work, the free radical scavenging capacity of a methanol extract of BM
      and the effect on DNA cleavage induced by H2O2 UV-photolysis was investigated. In
      addition, we examined whether this plant extract is capable of reducing the
      hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage in human non-immortalized
      fibroblasts. It showed a dose-dependent free radical scavenging capacity and a
      protective effect on DNA cleavage. These results were confirmed by a significant
      protective effect on H2O2-induced cytoxicity and DNA damage in human non
      immortalized fibroblasts. The antioxidant capacity of BM may explain, at least in
      part, the reported antistress, immunomodulatory, cognition-facilitating,
      antiinflammatory and antiaging effects produced by it in experimental animals and
      in clinical situations and may justify further investigation of its other
      beneficial properties. Moreover, this experimental evidence suggests that because
      of its antioxidant activity, this Ayurvedic drug may be useful in the treatment
      of human pathologies in which free radical production plays a key role.

PMID- 13680816
TI  - Treatment of mice with a herbal preparation (mentat) protects against radiation
      induced mortality.
AB  - The effect of various doses (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 100, 120 and 160 mg/kg b. wt.)
      of 50% ethanolic extract of mentat (a herbal preparation) was studied on the
      survival of mice exposed to 10 Gy of gamma-radiation. Treatment of mice with
      different doses of mentat consecutively for fi ve days before irradiation delayed
      the onset of mortality and reduced the symptoms of radiation sickness when
      compared with the non-drug treated irradiated controls. Most of the doses of
      mentat provided protection against the gastrointestinal (GI) death, however, the
      highest protection against GI death was observed for 80 mg/kg mentat. This was
      also true for bone marrow deaths, where the highest number of survivors were
      observed at 30 days post-irradiation in this group (i.e. 80 mg/kg) when compared
      with the other doses of mentat. The evaluation of acute toxicity showed that
      mentat was non-toxic up to a dose of 1.5 g/kg b. wt., where no drug-induced
      mortality was observed. The LD50 dose of mentat was found to be 1.75 g/kg b. wt.
      Our study demonstrates that mentat can provide good radioprotection at a dose of
      80 mg/kg, which is far below its toxic dose.

PMID- 13680817
TI  - Protection of brain cells against AMPA-induced damage by Asiasari Radix extracts.
AB  - We determined whether Asiasari Radix (AR) extracts have protective actions in
      brain cells. Methanol extracts of Asiasari Radix (fraction 1) have significant
      inhibitory effects on the AMPA-induced rat cortical depolarization in the grease
      gap assay. In differentiated PC12 cells, it almost completely protected against
      AMPA-induced cell death. In addition, it had some protective actions in C6 glial
      cells death induced by AMPA. The methanol extracts (fraction 1) of AR were
      subsequently fractionated into chloroform-(fraction 2), chloroform/methanol-(3:1)
      (fraction 3), methanol-soluble (fraction 4) and methanol-insoluble, water-soluble
      fractions (fraction 5). Among these, fraction 4 had the strongest inhibitory
      effects against AMPA-induced cell death in the PC 12 cells and also dramatically
      inhibited AMPA-induced depolarization of rat brain cortex in the grease gap
      assay. Interestingly, fraction 4 blocked the Zn-induced oxidative damages in C6
      glial cells.

PMID- 13680818
TI  - Cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of alkylated benzoquinones from Maesa
      lanceolata.
AB  - The natural and semi-synthetic analogs of substituted 1,4-benzoquinones were
      evaluated for in vitro cytotoxic and antioxidant activities. Maesanin,
      dihydromaesanin, maesanin dimethyl ether and isomeric mixtures of 3-[(Z)-10'
      pentadecenyl]-benzoquinone derivatives exhibited cytotoxic activity against HL-60
      cell line (IC50 values 4.5, 2.2, 0.43 and 2.8 microg/mL, respectively), while it
      was found to be inactive against ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) generation in HL
      60. In contrast, the isomeric acylated benzoquinones with shorter alkyl
      substituents, namely, 2-acetoxy-5-hydoxy-6-methyl-3-tridecyl-1,4-benzoquinone and
      2-hydoxy-5-acetoxy-6-methyl-3-tridecyl-1,4-benzoquinone showed most prominent
      antioxidant and antiproliferative effect on HL-60 (IC50 values 6.2 and 2.2
      microg/mL, respectively), as well as cytotoxicities against SK-MEL, KB, BT-549
      and SK-OV-3 carcinomas (IC50 values <1.1-4.2 microg/mL). All benzoquinones were
      found to be inactive against cell aggregation and cell adhesion assays, thus
      showing no effect on immune responses and inflammation.

PMID- 13680820
TI  - Bioassay-guided isolation and identification of antifungal compounds from ginger.
AB  - A bioassay-guided isolation of antifungal compounds from an African land race of
      ginger, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, led to the identification of [6], [8] and
      [10]-gingerols and [6]-gingerdiol as the main antifungal principles. The
      compounds were active against 13 human pathogens at concentrations of <1 mg/mL.
      The gingerol content of the African land race was at least 3 x higher than that
      of typical commercial cultivars of ginger. Therefore, ginger extracts
      standardized on the basis of the identified compounds, could be considered as
      antifungal agents for practical therapy.

PMID- 13680819
TI  - Anti-inflammatory effect of Solanum lycocarpum fruits.
AB  - The croton oil-induced mouse ear oedema test, acetic acid-induced abdominal
      writhing, and carrageenan-induced peritonitis were used to study the anti
      inflammatory effects of the crude ethanol extract and its alkaloid fraction from
      Solanum lycocarpum fruits. The alkaloid fraction induced a dose-dependent
      reduction in ear oedema formation and leukocyte migration, suggesting that S.
      lycocarpum fruits may contain steroidal alkaloids accounting for the anti
      inflammatory effect of the crude ethanol extract.

PMID- 13680821
TI  - Activity against multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Mexican plants
      used to treat respiratory diseases.
AB  - The increase of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) demands
      the search for alternative antimycobacterial drugs. The aim of this study was to
      evaluate plants used in Mexican traditional medicine to treat respiratory
      diseases for activity against MDR-TB. A group of 22 plants was screened for
      activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and Mycobacterium avium at
      concentrations from 50 to 200 microg/mL. The antimycobacterial effect was
      determined by a microcolorimetric assay with Alamar blue dye. None of the aqueous
      extracts had antimycobacterial activity. Hexane extracts from Artemisia
      ludoviciana, Chamaedora tepejilote, Lantana hispida, Juniperus communis and Malva
      parviflora, and methanol extracts from Artemisia ludoviciana and Juniperus
      communis inhibited the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mycobacterium avium
      was inhibited by Juniperus communis hexane extract and by Malva parviflora
      methanol extract. The active extracts were tested against monoresistant variants
      of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (isoniazid, rifampin, streptomycin and
      ethambutol resistant) and the hexane extract of Lantana hispida showed the best
      activity. Lantana hispida hexane extract was also active against a group of MDR
      TB clinical isolates. In contrast, it did not inhibit the growth of non
      tuberculous mycobacteria. The hexane extract of Lantana hispida was fractionated
      by column chromatography and one of its fractions (FVI) inhibited the growth of
      all the MDR-TB clinical isolates at concentrations up to 25 microg/mL. This study
      supports the fact that selecting plants by ethnobotanical criteria enhances the
      probability of finding species with activity against mycobacteria, and our
      results point to Lantana hispida as an important source of potential compounds
      against MDR-TB.

PMID- 13680822
TI  - Ether fraction of methanol extracts of Gastrodia elata, medicinal herb protects
      against neuronal cell damage after transient global ischemia in gerbils.
AB  - Gastrodia elata (GE), a medicinal herb, has been used traditionally for the
      treatment of convulsive diseases such as epilepsy in oriental countries including
      South Korea and still occupies an important place in traditional medicine in
      Asia. We designed this study to examine whether the ether fraction of methanol
      extracts (EFME) of GE protects the hippocampal neuronal damage induced by
      transient global ischemia in a gerbil model. Gerbils were treated with the EFME
      of GE (200 or 500 mg/kg per day, p.o.) for 14 days before brain ischemia. The
      lower dose of EFME of GE failed to attenuate the hippocampal neuronal damage in
      the CA1 region. However, the higher dose of EFME of GE attenuated the hippocampal
      neuronal damage in the CA1 region. The present results show that the EFME of GE
      has a protective effect against neuronal damage following global ischemia in
      gerbils.

PMID- 13680823
TI  - Antioxidant flavan-3-ols and flavonol glycosides from Maytenus aquifolium.
AB  - TLC autographic assay revealed, in the EtOAc extract obtained from leaves and
      root bark of Maytenus aquifolium (Celastraceae), the presence of fi ve compounds
      exhibiting antioxidant properties towards beta-carotene. They were isolated and
      identified as epigallocatechin (1), (+) ouratea-catechin (2), proanthocyanidin
      (3), kaempferol 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->6)-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-
      >3)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (4) and quercetin
      3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->6)-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->3)-O-alpha-L
      rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (5). The isolates were
      investigated for their redox properties using cyclic voltammetry and for their
      radical scavenging abilities through spectrophotometric assay on the reduction of
      2,2-diphenyl-pycryl hydrazyl (DPPH). These results were correlated to the
      inhibition of beta-carotene bleaching on TLC autographic assay and to structural
      features of the flavonoids.

PMID- 13680824
TI  - Inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme by lithospermic acid B isolated from
      Radix Salviae miltiorrhiza Bunge.
AB  - The roots of Salviae miltiorrhiza (RSM) have been traditionally used for
      treatment of hypertensive disease in China, Korea, and Japan. Bioassay guided
      fractionation and purification as assayed by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)
      inhibitory assay resulted in the isolation of lithospermic acid B (LSB) as an
      active principle. The ACE plasma activities were significantly inhibited by the
      addition of LSB in a dose-dependent manner of which IC50 value was 86 microg/ml
      (120 microM). Moreover, angiotensin I-induced contraction was markedly attenuated
      by prior exposure of endothelium-intact aortic rings to LSB. These results
      suggest that RSM-induced antihypertensive effect may be, at least in part, due to
      ACE inhibitory effect of LSB.

PMID- 13680825
TI  - The in vitro effect of aqueous extract of Nigella sativa seeds on nitric oxide
      production.
AB  - The in vitro effect of aqueous extract of Nigella sativa seeds on nitric oxide
      (NO) production by murine macrophages was studied. Murine peritoneal macrophages
      were pre-incubated with the extract and then activated with Escherichia coli
      lipopolysaccharride. NO production was measured after 24 hours by
      spectrophotometry. The plant extract caused a dose-dependent decrease in NO
      production. Dialyzed preparation of the extract did not affect NO production.
      However, the boiled fraction of the extract resulted in a dose-dependent
      inhibition of NO apparently comparable to that of the whole extract. These
      results indicate that the aqueous extract of N. sativa seeds exhibits an
      inhibitory effect on nitric oxide production by murine macrophages and the active
      component(s) is/are non-protein in nature. In view of the fact that nitric oxide
      is a pro-inflammatory mediator, this study validates the traditional use of the
      Nigella sativa seeds for the treatment of rheumatism.

PMID- 13680826
TI  - Protective effects of curcumin and photo-irradiated curcumin on circulatory
      lipids and lipid peroxidation products in alcohol and polyunsaturated fatty acid
      induced toxicity.
AB  - Alcohol is a neurotoxin associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
      Ethanol is found to induce a dose dependent increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO).
      The elevation in lipid peroxidative products and the loss of antioxidant defense
      potential are enhanced when alcohol is taken along with polyunsaturated fatty
      acid (PUFA) or heated PUFA. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the
      effects of curcumin and photo-irradiated curcumin on alcohol and PUFA induced LPO
      and lipid pro fi les in plasma. The levels of vitamin C and E were decreased
      significantly in alcohol + raw as well as heated PUFA groups. The treatment with
      curcumin and photo-irradiated curcumin (IC) increased their levels significantly.
      The increase was more significant in the IC group than the curcumin group. The
      levels of cholesterol, phospholipids (PL), triglycerides (TG), free fatty acids
      (FFA), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and hydroperoxides (HP)
      were increased significantly in alcohol + raw as well as heated PUFA groups and
      the treatment with curcumin and IC, brought back the levels. But the IC reduced
      the levels more significantly than curcumin. Thus, our results indicate that IC
      is a more potent antioxidant than curcumin.

PMID- 13680827
TI  - Antitussive activity of Abies webbiana Lindl. leaf extract against sulphur
      dioxide-induced cough reflex in mice.
AB  - The methanol extract of A. webbiana Lindl was evaluated for its effect on a cough
      model induced by sulphur dioxide gas in mice. When administered orally it
      exhibited significant antitussive activity compared with the control in a dose
      dependent manner. The antitussive activity of the extract was compared with that
      of codeine phosphate, a prototype antitussive agent. The A. webbiana leaf extract
      (400 and 600 mg/kg) showed maximum inhibition of cough frequency by 71.69% and
      78.67%, respectively, when compared with the control group and was comparable in
      effect to codeine phosphate.

PMID- 13680828
TI  - Inhibitory effect of magnolol on tumour metastasis in mice.
AB  - It has previously been reported that magnolol, a phenolic compound isolated from
      Magnolia obovata, inhibited tumour cell invasion in vitro. The purpose of this
      study was to investigate the antimetastatic effect of magnolol on tumour
      metastasis in vivo with experimental and spontaneous metastasis models and to
      clarify the mechanism. The antimetastatic effects of magnolol were evaluated by
      an experimental liver and spleen metastasis model using L5178Y-ML25 lymphoma, or
      an experimental and spontaneous lung metastasis model using B16-BL6 melanoma.
      Intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of 2 or 10 mg/kg of magnolol significantly
      suppressed liver and spleen metastasis or lung metastasis. As for the spontaneous
      lung metastasis model using B16-BL6 melanoma, multiple i.p. administrations of 10
      mg/kg of magnolol after and before tumour inoculation significantly suppressed
      lung metastasis and primary tumour growth. In addition, magnolol significantly
      inhibited B16-BL6 cell invasion of the reconstituted basement membrane (Matrigel,
      MG) without affecting cell growth. These data from the in vivo experiments
      suggest that magnolol possesses strong antimetastatic ability and that it may be
      a lead compound for drug development. The antimetastatic action of magnolol is
      considered to be due to its ability to inhibit tumour cell invasion.

PMID- 13680829
TI  - Effect of Rosmarinus officinalis L. aerial parts extract on morphine withdrawal
      syndrome in mice.
AB  - The effect the aqueous and ethanol extracts of Rosmarinus officinalis L. aerial
      parts on morphine withdrawal syndrome was investigated in mice. The aqueous and
      ethanol extracts induced a significant antinociceptive activity in the writhing
      test. This activity was inhibited by naloxone pretreatment. Dependence was
      induced using subcutaneous injections of morphine daily for 3 days. On day 4,
      morphine was injected 2 h prior to the intraperitoneal injection of naloxone. The
      number of jumps during the 30 min period after naloxone injection was considered
      as a measure of the withdrawal syndrome. The results indicated that the aqueous
      (1.68 g/kg and 2.4 g/kg, i.p.) and ethanol (0.96 g/kg, i.p.) extracts reduced the
      number of jumps. Phytochemical study indicated that only the aqueous extract of
      R. officinalis has an alkaloid component. It is concluded that the aqueous and
      ethanol extracts of R. officinalis aerial parts could diminish morphine
      withdrawal syndrome.

PMID- 13680830
TI  - The role of Urtica dioica and Nigella sativa in the prevention of carbon
      tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.
AB  - The role of Nigella sativa L. (Ranunculaceae) (NS) and Urtica dioica L. was
      investigated (UD) in the prevention of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver
      fibrosis and cirrhosis. Fifty Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into fi ve
      groups (I, IIA and B, IIIA and B) and CCl4 was injected biweekly to all groups.
      Group I (control, CCl4 only), group IIA and B (NS fixed oil and volatile oil),
      group IIIA and B (UD fixed oil and UD decoction extract) rats were killed at the
      end of week 12 and histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations of
      liver tissues were performed. In the control group, coagulation necrosis and
      hydropic degeneration were marked in the periacinar regions (zone 3) associated
      with fibrosis in the periacinar regions and in the portal tracts. In groups IIA-B
      and IIIA-B (NS and UD), none of the serious histopathological findings were
      detected except for sparse coagulation necrosis in the periacinar regions. ASMA
      positive perisinusoidal cells with myo fibroblastic transformation and lysosomal
      enzyme activity suggesting fibrogenesis were also significantly more common in
      the control group than in the NS and UD groups. UD and NS seem to be
      significantly effective in the prevention of carbon tetrachloride induced
      hepatotoxicity in rats.

PMID- 13680831
TI  - Glycyrrhizin ameliorates renal function defects in the early-phase of ischemia
      induced acute renal failure.
AB  - The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of glycyrrhizin
      administration (200 mg/kg/day) on renal function parameters in the early-phase of
      ischaemia-reperfusion induced acute renal failure (ARF) in rats. The present
      study showed that the urinary fl ow rate in ischaemia-ARF was significantly
      increased in association with decreases in water balance, urinary sodium
      excretion and urine osomolality, which were partially restored by administration
      of glycyrrhizin. Both solute-free water reabsorption (T(c)H2O) and creatinine
      clearance (Ccr) were significantly decreased in rats subjected to ischaemia
      reperfusion for 72 h compared with the control. Histopathological examination of
      the kidneys from ARF rats at 72 h after release of the bilateral renal artery
      clamping, showed that the glomerulus, proximal tubules and distal tubules were
      severely disrupted and left a denuded basement membrane. When glycyrrhizin was
      administered in rat ARF for 72 h, Ccr reached almost 96% compared with that of
      the sham-operated control rats and T(c)H2O was improved by 47% compared with that
      of the ischaemia-ARF rats. The lesions in the glomerulus, proximal and distal
      tubule of the renal cortex were also restored by the administration of
      glycyrrhizin. Taken together, glycyrrhizin administration ameliorates both renal
      function defects, especially the renal concentrating ability, and structural
      lesions in renal tissues in rats in the early-phase of ischaemia-ARF.

PMID- 13680832
TI  - In vitro cytotoxicity and antitumour properties of Hypericum mysorense and
      Hypericum patulum.
AB  - The methanol extracts of the aerial parts of Hypericum mysorense and Hypericum
      patulum were tested for in vitro cytotoxicity on HEp-2, RD and Vero cell lines
      and antitumour activity using DLA and HEp-2 cell lines. The cell viability and
      morphological changes were assessed. Of these extracts, Hypericum patulum (stem)
      extract showed strong cytotoxicity against all the cell lines used. The CTC50 of
      the Hypericum patulum (stem) extract was 1.71 microg/mL for HEp-2, 1.53 microg/mL
      for RD and 2.23 microg/mL for Vero cell lines. The Hypericum patulum (leaves) and
      Hypericum mysorense (aerial parts) extracts showed moderate cytotoxicity and
      Hypericum patulum (aerial parts) extract did not show any cytotoxicity up to
      1,000 microg/mL concentration. In the clonogenic assay, no colony formation was
      observed at a concentration of 300 micro g/mL and above for Hypericum mysorense
      (aerial parts), 400 microg/mL and above for Hypericum patulum (leaves) and 500
      microg/mL and above for Hypericum patulum (stem) extracts. In the short term
      antitumour studies using DLA cells, 50% viability was observed in the
      concentration range 100-200 microg/mL for Hypericum patulum (leaves and stem) and
      200-400 microg/mL for Hypericum mysorense (aerial) extract. In the long term
      antitumour activity using the HEp-2 cell line, no colony formation was observed
      over a concentration of 1.6 microg/mL for the Hypericum patulum (stem) extract.

PMID- 13680833
TI  - Geraniol, the putative anthelmintic principle of Cymbopogon martinii.
AB  - The essential oil of Cymbopogon martinii (palmrosa) and one of its main
      constituents geraniol were tested for anthelmintic activity (in vitro) employing
      the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans. Both the substances showed potent
      anthelmintic activity. The ED50 of geraniol was found to be 66.7 mcg/mL,
      suggesting geraniol as the putative anthelmintic principle of palmrosa oil.

PMID- 13680834
TI  - Evaluation of diuretic activity of the constituents of Clematis montevidensis
      Spreng. (Ranunculaceae) in rats.
AB  - The effects of Clematis montevidensis Spreng. (Ranunculaceae) on urinary
      excretion of water, sodium and potassium were investigated in rats loaded with
      isotonic saline solution. The data reported in the present work indicate that the
      infusions of the root and aerial part of Clematis montevidensis showed a moderate
      diuretic activity. This effect could be due, at least in part, to the presence of
      oleanolic acid isolated from this plant.

PMID- 13680835
TI  - Antiangiogenic activity of Gardenia jasminoides fruit.
AB  - The ethanol extract of gardenia fruit (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis), a Chinese
      herbal medicine, and its successive hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous
      fractions were evaluated for their antiangiogenic activities using a chick
      chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. The n-butanol fraction was found to be most
      effective in the antiangiogenic assay.

PMID- 13680836
TI  - Antioxidant effect of flavonoids on DCF production in HL-60 cells.
AB  - A fluorometric microplate assay was performed for the detection of respiratory
      burst activity in a human leukaemia cell line HL-60 by assessing oxidation of
      2',7'-dichloro fluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA). This method is based on the
      detection of DCFH oxidation due to the presence of hydrogen peroxide. In the
      present study, the antioxidant activity of a number of structurally related
      flavonoids of plant origin and some of their microbial transformation products (1
      18) were evaluated.

PMID- 13680837
TI  - In vitro inhibitory effects of bergenin and norbergenin on bovine adrenal
      tyrosine hydroxylase.
AB  - The aqueous extract of Mallotus japonicus (Euphorbiaceae) showed an inhibitory
      effect on bovine adrenal tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme in
      the biosynthesis of catecholamine. The present study was undertaken to
      investigate the effects of bergenin and norbergenin, constituents of the aqueous
      extract of Mallotus japonicus on bovine adrenal TH. Bergenin and norbergenin
      inhibited the TH activity by 29.0% and 53.4% at a concentration of 20 microg/mL,
      respectively, and exhibited noncompetitive inhibition of TH activity with the
      substrate l-tyrosine. The inhibition of TH activity and the inhibitory effect of
      norbergenin was more potent than that of bergenin. From these results, it is
      presumed that bergenin and norbergenin may be the active components of Mallotus
      japonicus in inhibiting TH, and these inhibitory effects may be partially
      responsible for the clinical use of Mallotus japonicus in treating peptic ulcer
      by reducing the availability of dopa/dopamine in vivo.

PMID- 13680838
TI  - Pro-healing effect of Cinnamomum zeylanicum bark.
AB  - The ethanol extract of the bark of Cinnamomum zeylanicum was evaluated for wound
      healing activity in Wistar rats. The extract was administered by the oral route
      at a dose of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight (1/8 and 1/4 of LD(50),
      respectively) for all the wound models selected, excision, incision and dead
      space wounds. The extract significantly enhanced the wound breaking strength in
      the case of incision wound, the rate of wound contraction and the period of
      epithelization in the case of excision wound. The granulation tissue weight, its
      breaking strength and its hydroxyproline content was also increased by the
      extract in the dead space wound.

PMID- 13680839
TI  - Cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of Sida rhombifolia (Malvaceae) grown in
      Bangladesh.
AB  - The cytotoxicity and antibacterial activities of crude extracts from the leaves
      of Sida rhombifolia were investigated. The ethyl acetate extract showed potent
      cytotoxicity with LC50 values (5.41 ppm) comparable to the reference standard,
      gallic acid. All the extracts showed weak antibacterial activity against both
      Gram-positive and Gram-negative test organisms.

PMID- 13680842
TI  - Inhibitory phenolic amides on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production
      in RAW 264.7 cells from Beta vulgaris var. cicla seeds.
AB  - Four phenolic compounds were isolated from Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla L.
      (Chenopodiaceae). These isolated compounds were identified as N-cis-feruloyl 3-O
      methyldopamine (1), N-cis-feruloyl tyramine (2), N-trans-feruloyl 3-O
      methyldopamine (3), N-trans-feruloyl tyramine (4), respectively, by spectroscopic
      analysis. The phenolic amides 1-4 exhibited modest inhibitory activity on LPS
      activated nitric oxide production dose-dependently in RAW 264.7 cells.

PMID- 13680840
TI  - Inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes by compounds from Daucus carota L.
      Seeds.
AB  - Cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes inhibitory assay directed investigation of Daucus
      carota seed extracts resulted in the isolation and characterization of compounds,
      2,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde (1), oleic acid (2), trans-asarone (3) and geraniol
      (4). Compounds 1-4 showed 3.32, 45.32, 46.15, and 3.15% of prostaglandin H
      endoperoxide synthase-I (COX-I) inhibitory activity and 52.69, 68.41, 64.39 and
      0% prostaglandin H endoperoxide synthase-II (COX-II) inhibitory activity,
      respectively at 100 mg mL(-1). Compound 1 showed selectivity towards COX-II
      enzyme inhibition at 100 microg mL(-1). The COX-II/COX-I ratio for compound 1 was
      17.68 at 100 microg mL(-1) compared to solvent control. Ibuprofen, Naproxen,
      Aspirin, Celebrex and Vioxx at concentrations of 2.06, 2.52, 180, 1.67 and 1.67
      microg mL(-1), respectively, gave COX-II/COX-I ratios of 1.13, 0.92, 0.24, 16 and
      75, respectively. The inhibition of COX-II enzymes by compounds 1 at 100 microg
      mL(-1) was significant when compared to Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Naproxen and Celebrex
      at concentrations studied.

PMID- 13680841
TI  - In vitro antiviral activity of Phyllanthus orbicularis extracts against herpes
      simplex virus type 1.
AB  - The antiviral activity of butanol- and acetic acid-soluble fractions, prepared
      from the leaves and stems of Phyllanthus orbicularis H.B.K., has been
      investigated against acyclovir-sensitive or -resistant herpes simplex virus type
      1 (HSV-1) strains, using human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) and green ape kidney
      (Vero) cell lines. Both fractions showed antiviral selectivity indexes (SI) from
      10.3 to 22.8, while their extracellular virucidal activities reached SI values
      ranging from 371 to 1,040. Time-addition experiments suggested that the active
      compounds present in the studied fractions acted on early steps of the virus
      replication cycle.

PMID- 13680845
TI  - The influence of alpha1-acid glycoprotein on collagenase-3 activity in early
      rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - The concentration and glycosylation of alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein (AGP) alter
      significantly during inflammation. A definitive physiological role for AGP
      remains elusive and is the subject of extensive investigation. This study
      investigated the influence of AGP on the activity of collagenase-3, an important
      mediator of cartilage destruction in rheumatoid arthritis. AGP was isolated from
      normal and rheumatoid plasma. Fucosylation was determined by high pH anion
      exchange chromatography; sialylation was assessed following enzymatic digest.
      Rheumatoid AGP displayed elevated fucosylation and sialylation compared with
      normal. The influence of each sample on collagenase-3 activity was measured
      fluorometrically. AGP influenced collagenase-3 catalysis and collagen binding,
      with catalytic activity correlating with fucosylation. Rheumatoid AGP exhibited
      less efficient inhibition than normal plasma AGP. It is hypothesized that AGP
      within rheumatoid synovial fluid may be inadequate to prevent excessive cartilage
      destruction and hence may exacerbate the disease process.

PMID- 13680844
TI  - Binding of low molecular mass compounds to proteins studied by liquid
      chromatographic techniques.
AB  - The newest achievements in the application of miscellaneous liquid
      chromatographic techniques such as size-exclusion, ion-exchange and reversed
      phase high-performance liquid chromatography, and thin-layer chromatography for
      the elucidation of the various aspects of the binding of ligands to proteins are
      compiled and briefly discussed. Examples of employment in pharmaceutical and
      clinical chemistry, drug design, enzyme kinetic studies and environmental
      protection are presented.

PMID- 13680846
TI  - Determination of lipophilic descriptors of antihelmintic 6,7-diaryl-pteridine
      derivatives useful for bioactivity predictions.
AB  - The liquid chromatographic retention factors extrapolated to pure water, k'(w),
      for several 6,7-diaryl-pteridine derivatives in both an octadecylsilane (ODS) and
      an immobilized artificial membrane column (IAM.PC.DD2), using acetonitrile
      aqueous buffer pH = 7.45 as mobile phase, were obtained. The logarithms of the
      k'(w) values in the IAM.PC.DD2 column, log k'(w) (IAM), show good correlation
      with the calculated values of the octanol-water partition coefficients, log
      P(o/w), showing that the chromatographic parameter can be used as lipophilicity
      descriptor for the studied pteridines. However, interactions other than the
      lipophilic ones seem to be involved in the ODS column. Previous studies have
      shown that pteridines have antihelmintic properties. In spite of the complexity
      of the studied biological system as compared with the chromatographic one, good
      correlation between the descriptors obtained in the IAM column and biological
      activity (expressed as the log of the inhibitory concentration required to obtain
      up to 50% in the reduction of population growth of nematodes, log IC(50)) was
      observed.

PMID- 13680847
TI  - Determination of melagatran in rabbit plasma by high-performance liquid
      chromatography with automated column switching.
AB  - Melagatran is an active thrombin inhibitor showing oral and parenteral
      bioavailability for antithrombotic therapy. A simple and convenient liquid
      chromatographic method has been developed and applied to the analysis of
      melagatran in rabbit plasma. The clean-up and separation of the sample solutions
      were performed by automated on-line column switching HPLC. The method validation
      shows the suitability of the column switching liquid chromatographic system for
      the quantitation of melagatran in biological fluids.

PMID- 13680848
TI  - Molecular characterization of two host-guest associating hyaluronan derivatives.
AB  - Molecular characteristics were determined of two high-molecular-weight water
      soluble hyaluronan derivatives, namely beta-cyclodextrin (HA-beta-CD) and N
      acylurea (EDC-HA). The weight-average molecular weight (M(w)) of HA-beta-CD and
      of EDC-HA, determined with a multi-angle light scattering detector connected on
      line to a size exclusion chromatographic system, was respectively 185.3 and 86.8
      kDa. However the M(w) value determined for the equimolar mixture of the two HA
      derivatives equaled 556.0 kDa. Similarly, the gyration radius of the above
      equimolar mixture, Rg = 80.6 nm, was significantly greater than the values found
      for the single HA derivative, i.e. 40.2 nm for HA-beta-CD and 23.8 nm for EDC-HA.
      These data indicate that the two kinds of substituents, bound to the polymeric
      chains, form host-guest/inclusion complexes resulting in polymacromolecular
      associates/aggregates.

PMID- 13680849
TI  - Quantitative determination of DRF-1042 in human plasma by HPLC: validation and
      application in clinical pharmacokinetics.
AB  - A simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method has
      been developed and validated for the determination of DRF-1042, a novel orally
      active camptothecin (CPT) analog, in human plasma. The sample preparation was a
      simple deproteinization with acidified methanol yielding almost 100% recovery of
      DRF-1042. An isocratic reverse-phase HPLC separation was developed on a
      Supelcosil-LC318 column (250 x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) with mobile phase consisting of
      1% v/v triethylamine acetate, pH 5.5 and acetonitrile (80:20, v/v) at a fl ow
      rate of 1.0 mL/min. The eluate was monitored with a fluorescence detector set at
      excitation and emission wavelengths of 370 and 430 nm, respectively. The standard
      curves were linear (r(2) > 0.999) in the concentration ranges 5.0-2004 ng/mL. The
      lower limit of quantification (LLQ) of the assay was 5 ng/mL. The mean measured
      quality control (QC) concentrations (range 5 ng/mL to 40 microg/mL) deviated from
      the nominal concentrations in the range of -10.5-0.08 and -14.5-7.97%, inter- and
      intra-day, respectively. The inter- and intra-day precisions in the measurement
      of QC samples at four tested concentrations, were in the range 0.64-5.89%
      relative standard deviation (RSD) and 0.33-14.7% RSD, respectively. The method
      was found to be suitable for measurement of plasma concentrations above the
      calibration curve after serial dilutions. Stability of DRF-1042 was confirmed in
      a battery of studies, viz., on bench-top, in the auto-sampler, in the stock
      solutions, after four quick freeze-thaw cycles, up to one month at -20 degree C
      in human plasma and up to 2 months in the ex vivo samples. The method is simple,
      sensitive and reliable and has been successfully implemented to investigate the
      clinical pharmacokinetics of DRF-1042 in cancer patients in a phase I clinical
      trial.

PMID- 13680850
TI  - Determination of 3-n-butylphthalide in rabbit plasma by HPLC with fluorescence
      detection and its application in pharmacokinetic study.
AB  - A rapid, sensitive and specific reversed-phase high-performance liquid
      chromatographic method was developed for the determination of 3-n-butylphthalide,
      a drug currently being developed for treatment of stroke, in rabbit plasma.
      Fluorescence detection at an excitation wavelength of 280 nm and an emission
      wavelength of 304 nm was used for quantification of 3-n-butylphthalide. Ibuprofen
      was used as internal standard. Plasma samples were extracted with diethyl ether
      under acidic conditions. After evaporation of the organic phase, the extract was
      dissolved in mobile phase and injected into the chromatograph with C(18) column
      and a mobile phase of 0.05 mol/L sodium acetate buffer (pH 4.5)-acetonitrile
      (400:600). The peak area ratio vs concentration in plasma was linear over the
      range of 0.0212-4.24 microg/mL (correlation coefficient r = 0.9984) and the limit
      of quantification was 0.0212 microg/mL. Mean recovery was determined as 101.0% by
      analysis of plasma standard samples containing 0.0424, 0.424, 2.12 and 4.24
      microg/mL of 3-n-butylphthalide. The intra-day relative standard deviations
      (RSDs) ranged from 3.6 to 8.9% and inter-day RSDs were within 8.0%.
      Pharmacokinetics of a single intravenous dose of 3-n-butylphthalide to the
      rabbits was presented to illustrate the applicability of this method. 3-n
      Butylphthalide exhibited linear pharmacokinetics after intravenous administration
      to rabbits over the dose range 1-10 mg/kg.

PMID- 13680852
TI  - Improvement of cyclosporin A determination in whole blood by reversed-phase high
      performance liquid chromatography.
AB  - A chromatographic method was developed for the determination of cyclosporin A in
      human whole blood using reversed-phase HPLC at room temperature. Most previous
      reports carried out this liquid chromatographic separation at temperatures above
      70 degrees C. The present procedure greatly improves the detection limit by
      controlling peak broadening effects, as well as the lifetime of the column at
      room temperature. Under optimal conditions and using ketoconazole as an internal
      standard, the calibration graph was linear in the range of 16-1000 microg/L with
      a relative standard deviation of 3.72% at 150 microg/L and 2.45% at 300 microg/L
      (n = 11) of cyclosporin A. The detection limit was of 5.0 microg/L cyclosporin A.
      By this procedure, cyclosporin A pharmacokinetic parameters in healthy Chinese
      subjects were studied. The developed method could be applied to the
      quantification of cyclosporin A in human blood samples and allows the study of
      its pharmacokinetics in routine laboratories.

PMID- 13680851
TI  - Reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method for the analysis of aminoglycoside
      antibiotics using pre-column derivatization with phenylisocyanate.
AB  - A pre-column derivatization liquid chromatographic method has been developed for
      the analysis of aminoglycoside antibiotics using phenylisocyanate as a
      derivatization reagent. Derivatives including kanamycin, neomycin and gentamicin
      were formed by reaction of the analytes with phenylisocyanate in the presence of
      triethylamine. Phenylisocyanato groups were attached to corresponding amino
      groups of aminoglycoside and their molecular mass was confirmed by liquid
      chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). The
      experimental conditions for derivatization and separation of aminoglycoside
      derivatives were optimized and validated. A simple liquid chromatographic method
      for the determination of aminoglycoside antibiotics was demonstrated.

PMID- 13680853
TI  - Versican undergoes specific alterations in the fine molecular structure and
      organization in human aneurysmal abdominal aortas.
AB  - Versican is the major matrix proteoglycan in aortic wall and participates in
      various biological functions of the tissue. In the present study the molecular
      characteristics of versican isolated from normal human aorta as well as those of
      versican expressed in aneurysmal aortic tissue were examined. Versican was
      isolated by combined anion-exchange and gel permeation chromatography and was
      further characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography, polyacrylamide
      gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. In both tissues versican is exclusively
      substituted with chondroitin sulfate chains, in contrast to other human tissues
      where both chondroitin and dermatan sulfate chains are attached onto versican
      core proteins. Except for the significant decrease in the concentration of
      versican in the aneurysmal tissue, this PG undergoes specific alterations in the
      aneurysmal tissue. The molecular size of versican isolated from diseased tissue
      is decreased with a simultaneous increase in the ratio of glycosaminoglycan to
      protein in this tissue. The latter reflect the extensive fragmentation of
      versican in the diseased tissue and most probably the generation of shorter
      peptides enriched to glycosaminoglycan chains. Although the size of chondroitin
      sulfate chains is identical in both versican preparations, a significant increase
      in the percentage of 6-sulfated disaccharides is observed in chondroitin sulfate
      chains of versican in aneurysmal aortas, which is accompanied by decrease in 4
      sulfated and non-sulfated units.

PMID- 13680854
TI  - Simple method for the determination of rosiglitazone in human plasma using a
      commercially available internal standard.
AB  - To the best of our knowledge, bioanalytical methods to determine rosiglitazone in
      human plasma reported in literature use internal standards that are not
      commercially available. Our purpose was to develop a simple method for the
      determination of rosiglitazone in plasma employing a commercially available
      internal standard (IS). After the addition of celecoxib (IS), plasma (0.25 mL)
      samples were extracted into ethyl acetate. The residue after evaporation of the
      organic layer was dissolved in 750 microL of mobile phase and 50 microL was
      injected on to HPLC. The separation was achieved using a Hichrom KR 100, 250 x
      4.6 mm C(18) with a mobile phase composition potassium dihydrogen phosphate
      buffer (0.01 m, pH 6.5):acetonitrile:methanol (40:50:10, v/v/v). The flow-rate of
      the mobile phase was set at 1 mL/min. The column eluate was monitored by
      fluorescence detector set at an excitation wavelength of 247 nm and emission
      wavelength of 367 nm. Linear relationships (r(2) > 0.99) were observed between
      the peak area ratio rosiglitazone to IS vs rosiglitazone concentrations across
      the concentration range 5-1000 ng/mL. The intra-run precision (%RSD) and accuracy
      (%Dev) in the measurement of rosiglitazone were <+/-10.69 and <-12.35%,
      respectively across the QC levels (50-1000 ng/mL). The extraction efficiency was
      >80% for both rosiglitazone and IS from human plasma. The lower limit of
      quantitation of the assay was 5 ng/mL. In summary, the methodology for
      rosiglitazone measurement in plasma was simple, sensitive and employed a
      commercially available IS.

PMID- 13680855
TI  - [Comparison of the protein component of the wild strain of tobacco mosaic virus
      with that of a temperature mutant].

PMID- 13680856
TI  - [On the constancy of the amino acid composition of the protein component of the
      tobacco mosaic virus. III. Electrophoretic investigations of TMV preparations of
      different origins].

PMID- 13680857
TI  - Essential fatty acids.

PMID- 13680858
TI  - Hydrogenated oils and polyunsaturated fatty-acid isomers in nutrition.

PMID- 13680859
TI  - Light- and electron-microscopic study of skin capillaries of diabetics.

PMID- 13680860
TI  - [Osteoid ostoma].

PMID- 13680862
TI  - [The rehabilitation center "Brabantpark" at Breda].

PMID- 13680861
TI  - Metabolism of boar semen in relation to sperm motility and survival.

PMID- 13680863
TI  - [Surgical therapy by Bazy's method in habitually recurring dislocation of the
      shoulder].

PMID- 13680864
TI  - Maintaining food quality with chelating agents.

PMID- 13680865
TI  - A mechanical aid for pharyngeal and laryngeal examination of cattle.

PMID- 13680866
TI  - Vertiginous attacks in the light of follow-up studies.

PMID- 13680867
TI  - [Patients treated in the Northern Karelia Central Hospital ear, nose and throat
      policlinic].

PMID- 13680868
TI  - Specific fall-out activity in precipitation as a function of sampling height.

PMID- 13680869
TI  - [Acquired toxoplasmosis with facial paralysis].

PMID- 13680870
TI  - Endocrine therapy in obstetrics and gynecology.

PMID- 13680872
TI  - Homosexuality and some MMPI measures of masculinity-feminity.

PMID- 13680871
TI  - Fetal survival in twin delivery.

PMID- 13680873
TI  - Fractures of the calcaneus. Late results after treatment by Arnesen's method.

PMID- 13680874
TI  - The anterior tibial syndrome.

PMID- 13680875
TI  - The effect of atropine, propantheline and poldine on the vagally stimulated
      gastric motility and the histamine-stimulated acid gastric secretion in the rat.
AB  - Histamine-induced acid gastric secretion in the anaesthetized rat was not
      diminished by poldine in a dose which reduced vagally stimulated gastric
      contractions by approximately 75%. A dose of atropine, twice as large as the dose
      which reduced gastric contractions by 75%, had no apparent effect on the
      histamine-stimulated acid gastric secretion up to 2 hr after the injection. Only
      when more than 40 times as much atropine was injected did a slight inhibition of
      the acid secretion occur in 80 to 120 min. Propantheline, in a dose which
      inhibited gastric contractions by approximately 75%, slightly diminished acid
      secretion in 40 to 80 min. This effect was not increased by a further dose of
      propantheline. It was concluded that, in so far as any inhibition of acid gastric
      secretion had occurred, this could not be interpreted as an anti-muscarine or a
      direct toxic effect, but rather as an indirect effect possibly due to
      interference with the blood flow through the stomach wall.

PMID- 13680877
TI  - [On an amperometric fluoride determination method in relation to the formation of
      iron-fluoride complexes].

PMID- 13680876
TI  - Macroglobulinaemia Waldenstrom. A case with haemolytic syndrome and involvement
      of the nervous system.

PMID- 13680878
TI  - Nasal eosinophilia in so-called bacterial hypersensitivity in asthmatic children.
      Preliminary report.

PMID- 13680879
TI  - The cellular excretion in the urine of normal newborn infants.

PMID- 13680880
TI  - [Treatment of leukemia].

PMID- 13680881
TI  - [Resistance of tubercle bacilli under irregular chemotherapy].

PMID- 13680882
TI  - [On the adenosine deaminase of rabbit reticulocytes and erythrocytes].

PMID- 13680883
TI  - [On the effect of glutamine, glutamic acid and alpha-ketoglutaric acid on the O2
      uptake and NH3 formation of rabbit reticulocytes].

PMID- 13680884
TI  - [On an erythrocyte glutaminase; its behavior in the maturation of red blood
      cells].

PMID- 13680885
TI  - [Official discussion of the report by Doctor J. Vanrell Cruells on "Influence of
      prematurity on perinatal mortality"].

PMID- 13680886
TI  - [The prevention of prematurity].

PMID- 13680887
TI  - [Notes on psychoanalytic semantics].

PMID- 13680888
TI  - [Oedipus complex--restatement of its original structure. Proto-longing and proto
      guilt of obstructed birth].

PMID- 13680890
TI  - [The "space" of magic].

PMID- 13680889
TI  - [On death. Psychoanalytic notes on a basic fantasy].

PMID- 13680891
TI  - [Systematic interest of the detection of urease in yeasts and yeast-like
      organisms].

PMID- 13680893
TI  - [The anesthetist as practitioner, teacher and scientific worker].

PMID- 13680892
TI  - Biochemical studies on Tofranil.

PMID- 13680894
TI  - [Controlled hypotension in cardiovascular surgery].

PMID- 13680895
TI  - [A semi-conductor ionizing radiation indicator with micro-calibration].

PMID- 13680896
TI  - [Preoperative correction of scoliosis and causes of its failure].

PMID- 13680897
TI  - [Psychosocial factors in infertility. Management by means of "attitude"
      psychotherapy in limited groups].

PMID- 13680898
TI  - [Roentgenographic picture of complications after pneumonectomy].

PMID- 13680899
TI  - [The human organism and electrolytes].

PMID- 13680901
TI  - Atrial dissociation.

PMID- 13680900
TI  - The precordial electrocardiogram during exercise.

PMID- 13680902
TI  - [Oroclysis. Drop-by-drop hydration by oral route].

PMID- 13680903
TI  - [Sorbic acid in food preservation].

PMID- 13680904
TI  - [On consciousness disorders in truncus and subcortical injuries of the brain].

PMID- 13680905
TI  - [The monoamine oxidase inhibitors in cardiovascular therapeutics (angina pectoris
      and arterial hypertension)].

PMID- 13680906
TI  - [Clinico-statistical contribution in regard to reheumatic fever].

PMID- 13680907
TI  - [The conditions for the free practice of the medical profession in Italy].

PMID- 13680908
TI  - [The conditions for the free practice of the medical profession in Italy].

PMID- 13680909
TI  - Tabanidae (Diptera) of Iran. IV. Horseflies from the Demavend district in the
      Elburz mountains.

PMID- 13680910
TI  - Tabanidae (Diptera) of Iran. V. Descriptions of three new subspecies of the genus
      Haematopota.

PMID- 13680911
TI  - Tabanidae (Diptera) of Iran. VI. Records of horseflies from Southeast Iran
      (Iranian Baluchistan and the Jiroft area). Description of Tabanus kermani n. sp.
      and Tabanus leclercqi n. sp.

PMID- 13680912
TI  - Evaluation of transaminase activity in the cerebrospinal fluid in paralytic
      poliomyelitis. Preliminary report.

PMID- 13680913
TI  - The problem of primary pulmonary tuberculosis in infancy and childhood.

PMID- 13680914
TI  - Natural radioactivity in west Devon water-supplies.

PMID- 13680915
TI  - Cherubism: report of three cases.

PMID- 13680916
TI  - Blood pressures in Arnhem Land aborigines.

PMID- 13680917
TI  - [On some pathogenetic possibilities in the course of essential
      cholecystohypotonia].

PMID- 13680918
TI  - [On some disorders of the extrahepatic biliary tract in old age].

PMID- 13680919
TI  - [On some histofunctional aspects of the stomach in the course of myxedema
      (bioptic study)].

PMID- 13680920
TI  - [On some histo-functional aspects of the stomach during dyskinesia of the
      extrahepatic biliary tract].

PMID- 13680921
TI  - [Therapy of biliary dyskinesia with a combination of drugs possessing elective
      action on the sphincteric structure of the extrahepatic biliary tract].

PMID- 13680922
TI  - Uretero-ileo-sigmoidostomy: some observations on its limitations and dangers in
      urinary diversion based on experimental studies on mongrel dogs.

PMID- 13680923
TI  - Observations on the isolated ileal loop as a substitute in urinary tract
      operations.

PMID- 13680924
TI  - The challenge of accident prevention to the public health team.

PMID- 13680925
TI  - Colicine typing of Shigella sonnei.

PMID- 13680926
TI  - The surgical treatment of vertebral aneurysms. Report of case.

PMID- 13680927
TI  - Acute missile wounds of the brain. An atlas of surgical pathology.

PMID- 13680928
TI  - Mixed tumor of the submandibular space: report of case.

PMID- 13680929
TI  - Viable mixture of lactobacillus acidophilus and bulgaricus in treatment of
      herpetic and aphthous stomatitis.

PMID- 13680930
TI  - [On the development in vitro of the tibio-tarsus and fibula of the "diplopod"
      chick embryo].

PMID- 13680931
TI  - The etiology and management of the dumping syndrome following a gastroenterostomy
      or subtotal gastrectomy.

PMID- 13680932
TI  - Acute hemodynamic responses to intravenous and intra-arterial guanethidine.

PMID- 13680933
TI  - The effects of aging and degenerative vascular disease on the measurement of
      arterial rigidity in man.

PMID- 13680935
TI  - Flow rate of urine as a determinant of renal countercurrent multiplier system.

PMID- 13680934
TI  - [The influence of radiation therapy on anti-erythrocyte immune antibodies in
      subjects with malignant neoplasms].

PMID- 13680936
TI  - [On the problem of reliability of prothrombin index determinations in infants by
      micromethods].

PMID- 13680937
TI  - Successful treatment of hepatic and splenic amebic abscesses with atabrine after
      failure of emetine, chloroquine and terramycin.

PMID- 13680939
TI  - Some popular forensic fallacies.

PMID- 13680940
TI  - Evaluation of a new molluscicide, Bayer 73.

PMID- 13680938
TI  - Chloramphenicol, a simultaneous carbon and nitrogen source for a Streptomyces sp.
      from Egyptain soil.

PMID- 13680941
TI  - Paromomycin in the treatment of acute intestinal amoebiasis.

PMID- 13680942
TI  - Chlorophenoxamide in the treatment of acute intestinal amoebiasis.

PMID- 13680943
TI  - Mass radiography in Kuwait.

PMID- 13680944
TI  - [Diaphragmatic hernia].

PMID- 13680945
TI  - [The effect of corticosteroid therapy on serum proteins, blood cholesterol and
      eosinophil count in various allergic diseases].

PMID- 13680946
TI  - Life-table functions for Egypt based on model life-tables and quasi-stable
      population theory.

PMID- 13680947
TI  - Drug addiction in Egypt and its sociological aspects.

PMID- 13680948
TI  - Dust exposures in Egyptain foundries.

PMID- 13680949
TI  - Criterion measures in nursing.

PMID- 13680950
TI  - The decision is yours.

PMID- 13680951
TI  - Primary tumors of the liver in infancy and childhood.

PMID- 13680952
TI  - [Infantile phobias].

PMID- 13680953
TI  - Renal function in human pregnancy. V. Effects of oxytocin on renal hemodynamics
      and water and electrolyte excretion.

PMID- 13680954
TI  - Pressor response to angiotonin in pregnant and nonpregnant women.

PMID- 13680955
TI  - Bancroftian microfilarial periodicity: planning blood surveys.

PMID- 13680956
TI  - Filariasis records in Ceylon.

PMID- 13680957
TI  - Effects of central nervous system depressants on inhibition and facilitation of
      the patellar reflex.

PMID- 13680959
TI  - [Study of blood coagulation indices in donors in relation to the quantity of
      blood given].

PMID- 13680958
TI  - [Transplantation of Brown-Pierce carcinoma from rabbits to rats].

PMID- 13680960
TI  - [Iskhak Kurbanovich MUSABAEV (on 50th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 13680961
TI  - [Subjective sensations and functional disorders during the incubation period of
      measles].

PMID- 13680962
TI  - [Histochemical characteristics of ascorbic acid in the eye in acute radiation
      injury].

PMID- 13680963
TI  - [On the method of measurement of opacities of the crystalline lens and cornea].

PMID- 13680964
TI  - [Obstetrical aid in Dagestan. (On the 40th anniversary of the establishment of
      Soviet rule in Dagestan)].

PMID- 13680965
TI  - [On nutrition of collective farmers in the Vakhshsk valley].

PMID- 13680966
TI  - [Induction of experimental thyroiditis and goiter by administration of the
      thyrotrophin releasing factor (TRF)].

PMID- 13680967
TI  - [Studies on thyrotropin-releasing factor (TRF) in the hypothalamus].

PMID- 13680968
TI  - [Studies on the isolation of Bordetella pertussis. I. On the sensitivity of
      Bordetella pertussis and the bacterial flora of the upper respiratory tract to
      various drugs].

PMID- 13680969
TI  - [Studies on the isolation of Bordetella pertussis. II. Basic experiments with
      methods using the penicillin-Bordet-Gengou medium].

PMID- 13680970
TI  - [Clinical signs of congenital dislocation of the hip in infants, with special
      reference to the maximum limit of passive external rotation of the lower limbs].

PMID- 13680971
TI  - [Studies on the acceleration of physical development of boys and girls after the
      last war. 1. On pupils of primary and middle schools in Sendai].

PMID- 13680972
TI  - [The antistreptolysin reaction in ophthalmic diseases, especially in uveitis].

PMID- 13680973
TI  - [Hypotensive effect of combined treatment with esidres and serpasil-apresoline].

PMID- 13680974
TI  - [The splenoportographical characteristics of tumors of the liver and of the upper
      abdomen].

PMID- 13680975
TI  - A proportional liquid effluent sampler for large-volume flows.

PMID- 13680976
TI  - [Spatial surface vectors in hypertension].

PMID- 13680977
TI  - [Surface vectors in the space in right overloading].

PMID- 13680978
TI  - Wavefront reconstruction microscopy.

PMID- 13680979
TI  - Culture components as a significant factor in child development. Symposium, 1960.
      4. Discussion.

PMID- 13680980
TI  - Shift in intermediary object-gradient during the course of psychotherapy.

PMID- 13680981
TI  - [Studies on the mutagenic effect of maleic acid hydrazide on Sphaerocarpus
      donnellii].

PMID- 13680982
TI  - Progressive fatal cutaneous gangrene associated with hypogammaglobulinemia.

PMID- 13680983
TI  - Hyperkeratosis penetrans (Kyrle's disease). Report of a case in a Negro with
      autopsy findings.

PMID- 13680984
TI  - The treatment of mycosis fungoides with a new agent, cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan).

PMID- 13680986
TI  - An intramolecular oxidation reduction requiring a vitamin B12 coenzyme.

PMID- 13680985
TI  - The stereospecificity of the oxidative reaction in the alcohol-dehydrogenase
      catalyzed dismutation of aldehydes.

PMID- 13680987
TI  - An intramolecular oxidation-reduction requiring a cobamide coenzyme.

PMID- 13680988
TI  - [Treatment of herpes simplex with shock doses of vitamin B12 (Cycobemin) and
      Iloban].

PMID- 13680989
TI  - Disappearing bone disease.

PMID- 13680990
TI  - Hemophilic pseudotumor. Two cases occurring in siblings.

PMID- 13680991
TI  - Intraepithelial and infiltrative carcinoma of vulva: Bowen's type.

PMID- 13680992
TI  - BEHRMAN SJ, GOSLING JR: Carcinoma of the vulva.

PMID- 13680993
TI  - Primary melanoblastoma of the uterine cervix.

PMID- 13680994
TI  - [Clinical experience of treatment with estriol].

PMID- 13680995
TI  - [Immuno-electrophoresis of C-reactive protein].

PMID- 13680996
TI  - [Immuno-electrophoresis of colostrum and human milk].

PMID- 13680997
TI  - [Bronchiectasis: anatomo-clinical study of its evolutive processes produced by
      the action of current treatments].

PMID- 13680998
TI  - [Cancer of the lung irradiated with the cobalt bomb (Histopathological study)].

PMID- 13680999
TI  - [Histopathology of the peripheral neurovegetative system in various lung
      diseases].

PMID- 13681000
TI  - [Local treatment of cavernous lesions in patients who have not had resection or
      collapse therapy].

PMID- 13681001
TI  - [Pathological anatomy. Clinical aspects and diagnosis].

PMID- 13681002
TI  - [Radiographical visualization of the bronchioles with contrast media].

PMID- 13681004
TI  - [The bronchi and their terminal elements. New contribution to the
      histopathological study of these elements].

PMID- 13681003
TI  - [Rapid diagnostic procedure for the investigation of Koch bacilli using infection
      and reinfection of the pleura of animals].

PMID- 13681005
TI  - [The cardiac antigen for the diagnosis of rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 13681006
TI  - [Technical modifications in surgery of the maxillary sinus].

PMID- 13681007
TI  - Cirrhosis of the liver and decreased arterial oxygen saturation.

PMID- 13681008
TI  - Interactions of testosterone with amino acids.

PMID- 13681009
TI  - Ultra-violet photography of fluorescent spots on chromatograms of biological
      extracts.

PMID- 13681010
TI  - Studies of blood group antibodies, V. Fractionation of examples of anti-B, anti
      A,B, anti-P, anti-Jka, anti-Lea, anti-D, anti-CD, anti-K, anti-Fya, anti-s and
      anti-Good.

PMID- 13681011
TI  - Carbon isotope fractionation in formation of amino acids by photosynthetic
      organisms.

PMID- 13681012
TI  - [Dementia praecox, syndrome of discordance, destructive neurosis or
      schizoneurosis].

PMID- 13681013
TI  - [Infectious diseases and military service. "Hansen's disease" in the Code of
      Preferences].

PMID- 13681014
TI  - [Urbason and Reverin in gynecology and obstetrics].

PMID- 13681015
TI  - [An epidemic outbreak, in Florida, of human distomatosis caused by Fasciola,
      hepatica].

PMID- 13681016
TI  - Complete heart block treated with corticostrophin and corticosteroid.

PMID- 13681017
TI  - [Our experience with a new analgesic an antiphlogistic in the postoperative
      period of catarct].

PMID- 13681018
TI  - Discussion on the right patient in the right bed.

PMID- 13681019
TI  - The bases of the locomotory behaviour of fibroblasts.

PMID- 13681020
TI  - The control of growth and the cell surface.

PMID- 13681021
TI  - Perception and eye movements: some speculations on disorders in cerebral palsy.

PMID- 13681023
TI  - Average fluid values and electroyte needs: an introduction to a "guessing chart".

PMID- 13681024
TI  - Gastro-intestinal excretion of dextran-C14.

PMID- 13681025
TI  - [Role of dextran in atomic medicine-some observations after a study trip in the
      U.S.A].

PMID- 13681026
TI  - Renal hemangioma-case presentation.

PMID- 13681027
TI  - Precipitation reaction in agar in North American blastomycosis.

PMID- 13681028
TI  - Therapy with amphotericin B in North American blastomycosis.

PMID- 13681029
TI  - Biological effects of sunlight. Particular reference to pediatrics.

PMID- 13681031
TI  - Metastatic tumors of the penis: a review of the literature and a report of two
      cases.

PMID- 13681030
TI  - Samuel Pepys, lively invalid.

PMID- 13681032
TI  - Operative treatment of extrophy of the bladder.

PMID- 13681033
TI  - Parapelvic cysts of the kidney (so-called pyelolymphatic cysts).

PMID- 13681034
TI  - The use of renacidin as a solvent for vesical calculi: preliminary report.

PMID- 13681035
TI  - Relationship of human and bovine strains of myxovirus para-influenza 3.

PMID- 13681036
TI  - Serologic studies on myxovirus para-influenza 3 in cattle and the prevalence of
      antibodies in bovines.

PMID- 13681037
TI  - Recovery of a hemadsorbing virus (HADEN) from the gastrointestinal tract of
      calves.

PMID- 13681038
TI  - [The "in vitro" action of amphotericin B on Trypanosoma cruzi].

PMID- 13681039
TI  - [Vectorcardiography. Review of 200 cases].

PMID- 13681040
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of Nialamide in cardiology].

PMID- 13681041
TI  - [Clinical experiences with linoleic acid and pyridoxine in hypercholesterolemia].

PMID- 13681042
TI  - [Modifications of electrophoresis in the course of acute articular rheumatism in
      the adult (apropos of 71 observations)].

PMID- 13681043
TI  - [Contribution to the clinical experimentation with auxinutril in hepatic
      pathology].

PMID- 13681044
TI  - Advances in the surgery of children.

PMID- 13681045
TI  - [Absence of the metabolism-promoting effect of cortical impulses in
      thyroidectomized patients].

PMID- 13681046
TI  - The biochemistry of rumen Protozoa, 3. The carbohydrate metabolism of Entodinium.

PMID- 13681047
TI  - [Surgical treatment of common atrium (cor triloculare--biventriculare). (Report
      of a case operated on using extracorporeal circulation)].

PMID- 13681048
TI  - [Errors involved in determination of the degree of drug resistance of tubercle
      bacilli occurring in sputa by the routine (non-quantitative) method of the drug
      resistance test].

PMID- 13681049
TI  - [Stress in military medicine].

PMID- 13681050
TI  - [Modern food and state of health in relation to the birth weight and length of
      infants].

PMID- 13681051
TI  - [Significance of body weight and body length at birth].

PMID- 13681052
TI  - [On 3 new species of Phlebotomus in the Ethiopian region: Phlebotomus herollandi,
      P. adami and P. choumarai n.sp].

PMID- 13681053
TI  - Metabolic changes of excitable tissues in sodium-free hydrazinium solution.

PMID- 13681054
TI  - Outflux of inorganic and organic phosphate during membrane depolarization of
      excitable tissues.

PMID- 13681055
TI  - Effect of dinitrophenol on phosphorylation and bioelectric phenomena of excitable
      tissues.

PMID- 13681056
TI  - Distribution of piperidine in the brain and its possible significance in
      behavior.

PMID- 13681057
TI  - The biochemistry of rumen protozoa. 4. Decomposition of pectic substances.

PMID- 13681058
TI  - The value of the intracardiac phonocardiography in the diagnosis of congenital
      and acquired heart diseases.

PMID- 13681059
TI  - A cholera enquiry among boatmen at Calcutta in 1959.

PMID- 13681061
TI  - Sacrococcygeal cherdoma.

PMID- 13681060
TI  - [Application of intravascular catheterization to the study of surgical diseases
      of the heart and lungs].

PMID- 13681062
TI  - Iron-dextran in hypochromic anaemia of infancy.

PMID- 13681063
TI  - Sarcoma of the small intestines in a child presenting as recurrent volvulus.

PMID- 13681064
TI  - Letterer-siwe disease in a girl aged 11 years. Case report and review of
      literature.

PMID- 13681065
TI  - The role of chemotherapy in the management of advanced ovarian cancer.

PMID- 13681066
TI  - [Pseudocystic dilatation of the ejaculatory ducts revealed by hemospermia].

PMID- 13681067
TI  - [3 cases or penal metastasis in bladder cancer].

PMID- 13681068
TI  - [Treatment of the association of prostatic adenoma with reno-ureteral lithiasis].

PMID- 13681069
TI  - [Treatment by subarachnoid alcoholization of pain in bladder and prostate
      cancer].

PMID- 13681070
TI  - [On several respiratory accidents due to stricture of the laryngotracheal lumen
      following tracheotomy].

PMID- 13681071
TI  - [Non-specific granulomatous prostatitis].

PMID- 13681072
TI  - [A new technic of approach of the intrarenal pelvis and the large calices].

PMID- 13681073
TI  - [Genital tuberculosis in the male].

PMID- 13681074
TI  - [Indications for tracheotomy in the course of acute respiratory insufficiency].

PMID- 13681075
TI  - Regulation of refuse incinerator design by public agencies.

PMID- 13681076
TI  - [The variation in free amino acids in the rat thymus during ontogeny].

PMID- 13681077
TI  - [Neurohistological studies on the extra-genital organs and the skin of tuberculin
      treated tuberculous guinea pigs].

PMID- 13681078
TI  - Fallot's tetralogy with some features of Marfan's syndrome and survival to 58
      years.

PMID- 13681079
TI  - Synthesis of homocarnosine in muscle in vivo.

PMID- 13681080
TI  - The structure of cephalesporin C.

PMID- 13681081
TI  - Hemorrhagic complications of polycythemia vera.

PMID- 13681082
TI  - A study of the defects in the blood coagulation mechanisms in polycythemia vera.

PMID- 13681083
TI  - [Process of reorganization in aggregates formed by dissociated gonad cells of the
      chick embryo].

PMID- 13681084
TI  - A comparison of glucose utilization by mouse liver and by the transplantable
      hepatocarcinoma C954.

PMID- 13681085
TI  - Mannose metabolism and the demonstration of mannokinase and phosphomannoisomerase
      activities in the lactating rat mammary gland.

PMID- 13681086
TI  - Effect of biotin and avidin on conversion of acetate to fatty acids and
      acetoacetate by preparations from rat liver and lactating rat mammary gland.

PMID- 13681087
TI  - Factors involved in synthesis of fatty acids from acetate by a soluble fraction
      obtained from lactating rat mammary gland.

PMID- 13681089
TI  - Hydrogen transfer from tritium-labeled pyridine nucleotides to fatty acids
      synthesized by homogenate fractions of lactating-rat mammary gland.

PMID- 13681088
TI  - Fatty acid synthesis from acetate by normal and diabetic rat liver homogenate
      fractions. I. A comparison of cofactor requirements.

PMID- 13681090
TI  - Relation of citrate oxidation to fatty acid synthesis in liver and lactating
      mammary gland.

PMID- 13681091
TI  - Accommodation in the amblyopic eye.

PMID- 13681092
TI  - Present status of miotic therapy in nonparalytic convergent strabismus.

PMID- 13681093
TI  - [Effectiveness of sound-proof devices produced in Czechoslovakia].

PMID- 13681094
TI  - Animal experiment.

PMID- 13681095
TI  - Nutrition and athletics.

PMID- 13681096
TI  - A study of occupational radiation exposuure in New York State.

PMID- 13681097
TI  - Syndrone of mitral incompetence, myocarditis, and pulmonary hypertension in
      Nigeria.

PMID- 13681098
TI  - A clinical study of hypertensive disease in West Africa.

PMID- 13681099
TI  - Avian lymphomatosis and uveitis.

PMID- 13681100
TI  - The role of the family doctor in mental health.

PMID- 13681101
TI  - Active muscle vasodilatation produced by stimulation of the brain stem: its
      significance in the defence reaction.

PMID- 13681102
TI  - Quantitative estimation of trichloracetic acid in the urine and serum in
      trichlorethylene poisoning.

PMID- 13681103
TI  - Thyrotoxicosis in two adult mongols.

PMID- 13681104
TI  - [Agranulocytosis after treatment with levomepromazine (Nozinan)].

PMID- 13681106
TI  - Double bladder and related anomalies: clinical and embryological aspects and a
      case report.

PMID- 13681105
TI  - Cataracta complicata and corticosteroids. The question of a possible relationship
      between posterior subcapsular cataracts and corticesteroids.

PMID- 13681107
TI  - Radiation iletis.

PMID- 13681108
TI  - Chromosome rearrangements induced by x-rays in immature germ cells of Drosophila.

PMID- 13681109
TI  - Turbidity of suspensions and morphology of red halophilic bacteria as influenced
      by sodium chloride concentration.

PMID- 13681111
TI  - Duplication of the stomach.

PMID- 13681110
TI  - [On the appearance of acathisia during neuroleptic therapy].

PMID- 13681112
TI  - Cytotoxicity of heterologous immune chicken serum to normal and neoplastic mouse
      tissues in culture.

PMID- 13681113
TI  - Competition of antigens. I. The effect of a secondary response to one antigen on
      the primary response to a heterologous antigen administered at the same time.

PMID- 13681114
TI  - [The life and work of M. I. NEMENOV (on the 10th anniversary of his death)].

PMID- 13681115
TI  - [Cancer of the corpus uteri (from data of the Institute of Obstetrics and
      Gynecology of the Ministry of Public Health RSFSR)].

PMID- 13681116
TI  - [Some features of the picture of lead poisoning in rats subjected to radiation
      injury].

PMID- 13681117
TI  - [Physical development of newborn infants in Blagoveshchensk].

PMID- 13681118
TI  - [The physical development of children of school age in Blagoveschensk during the
      1958/59 school year].

PMID- 13681119
TI  - [On the problem of differential diagnosis of orbital tumors].

PMID- 13681120
TI  - Some problems of pulmonary function testing.

PMID- 13681121
TI  - Adenosine triphosphatase in isolated bacterial cell membranes.

PMID- 13681122
TI  - Conceptions following ectopic pregnancy.

PMID- 13681123
TI  - The surgical management of smooth-muscle tumors of the gastrointestinal tract.

PMID- 13681124
TI  - The treatment of complete heart block.

PMID- 13681125
TI  - Conversion of cytidine 5'-phosphate to deoxycytidine 5'-phosphate in cell-free
      mammalian extracts.

PMID- 13681126
TI  - The O-T-C products.

PMID- 13681127
TI  - Influence of weight-bearing and muscle contraction on disuse osteoporosis.

PMID- 13681128
TI  - Changes in blood flow, oxygen uptake and tissue temperatures produced by
      therapeutic physical agents. III. Effect of indirect or reflex vasodilsatation.

PMID- 13681129
TI  - Changes in blood flow, oxygen uptake and tissue temperatures produced by the
      topical application of wet heat.

PMID- 13681131
TI  - Beside diagnosis of arterial insufficiency of the lower extremities.

PMID- 13681132
TI  - An ambulatory outpatient procedure for treatment of pilonidal sinus by a simple
      marsupialization technic.

PMID- 13681130
TI  - Changes in blood flow, oxygen uptake and tissue temperatures produced by
      therapeutic physical agents. IV. Effect of acetyl-beta-methyl-chloride (Mecholyl)
      by ion transfer.

PMID- 13681133
TI  - [The effectiveness of metazid in the treatment of various clinical forms of
      tuberculosis in children].

PMID- 13681135
TI  - Group psychotherapy of the parents of intractably asthmatic children.

PMID- 13681134
TI  - Clinical spatial vectorcardiography.

PMID- 13681137
TI  - Psychodynamics of the intractably asthmatic state.

PMID- 13681136
TI  - Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25). XXXI. Comparison by questionnaire of
      psychotomimetic activity of congeners on normal subjects and drug addicts.

PMID- 13681138
TI  - Natal medical students' attitudes to the social and preventive aspects of
      medicine.

PMID- 13681139
TI  - Diet and serum protein levels of urban Zulu adults.

PMID- 13681140
TI  - Sex variation in the nutritional state of urban Zulu adults. I. Weight, skinfold
      thickness, and skin and mucosal lesions.

PMID- 13681141
TI  - Observations on the nutritional state of low-paid African labourers in Natal.

PMID- 13681142
TI  - Antenatal stress and the baby's development.

PMID- 13681143
TI  - Diet and health of a group of African agricultural workers in South Africa.

PMID- 13681144
TI  - Observations on the health of adolescent girls in relation to cultural change.

PMID- 13681145
TI  - Wages, diet and nutritional state. A nutritional study of two groups of better
      paid factory workers in Durban.

PMID- 13681146
TI  - Weight, temperature changes, and psychosomatic symptomatology in relation to the
      menstrual cycle.

PMID- 13681147
TI  - [The problem of early diagnosis of cancer of the breast. Medico-social
      considerations on 60 cases].

PMID- 13681148
TI  - [Regional chemotherapy associated with surgical treatment of breast cancer].

PMID- 13681149
TI  - [Effect of food with various cobalt contents on the composition of the peripheral
      blood in growing rats].

PMID- 13681150
TI  - [Experience in the organization of antituberculosis work in the virgin
      territories of Uzbekistan (barren steppes)].

PMID- 13681151
TI  - The calculation of kinetic constants of enzyme-catalyzed reactions using digital
      computers.

PMID- 13681152
TI  - [Contribution to the study of renal function by means of clearances in a case of
      posttransfusional tubular nephrosis].

PMID- 13681153
TI  - [Statistical observations on the incidence of coronary lesions in hypertensive
      patients].

PMID- 13681154
TI  - [Ligation of the internal mammary artery in the surgical treatment of angina
      pectoris].

PMID- 13681155
TI  - [Iproniazid in angina pectoris].

PMID- 13681156
TI  - Determination of serum ceruloplasmin oxidative activity.

PMID- 13681157
TI  - [Compulsory periodic examination].

PMID- 13681158
TI  - [Contribution to the study of Simuliidae of Angola (Diptera: Nematocera). Some
      data on their ecology, biology and relations to the epidemiology of
      onchocerciasis].

PMID- 13681160
TI  - [Treatment of depression with phenylethylhydrazine].

PMID- 13681159
TI  - [A new observation of Lofgren's syndrome].

PMID- 13681161
TI  - [The effect of toxic components of Bordetella pertussis on nervous regulation of
      respiration].

PMID- 13681162
TI  - [Intravenous novocaine anesthesia with pneumatic cuff and manometer].

PMID- 13681163
TI  - [On acoustic observations at high latitudes].

PMID- 13681164
TI  - [Possibilities of poisoning in the Arctic. II].

PMID- 13681165
TI  - The value of chemotherapy in senile mental distrubances. Controlled comparison of
      chlorpromazine, reserpine-pipradrol, and opium.

PMID- 13681166
TI  - Dr. Bernhard ASCHNER: surgeon, scientist, and scholar (1883 to 1960).

PMID- 13681167
TI  - The radio-renogram, with radio-renografin-I-131, as a diagnostic aid in urologic
      problems.

PMID- 13681169
TI  - Catabolism of L-ascorbic-1-C14 acid as a measure of its utilization in the intact
      and wounded guinea pig on scorbutic, maintenance, and saturation diets.

PMID- 13681170
TI  - Ether-induced retrograde amnesia for one-trial conditioning in mice.
AB  - Mice were tested in a situation permitting them to step readily from a small,
      restrictive platform to a larger one. Conditioned avoidance was established by a
      single training trial when animals received a shock by stepping from one platform
      to another. At various intervals after the single punishing shock, subjects were
      anesthetized with diethyl ether. Interference with retention, tested 1 day later,
      was shown for intervals up to 24 minutes, at which time ether no longer appeared
      to influence the subsequent response.

PMID- 13681171
TI  - Melkerson's syndrome.

PMID- 13681172
TI  - The colloidal vanadate reaction in neoplastic and hepatic diseases.

PMID- 13681173
TI  - Biochemical and immunological studies on the toxins of certain Egyptian
      scorpions.

PMID- 13681174
TI  - Observations of the night activities of Anopheline sacharovi Faure and Anopheline
      superpictus grass I (Culicidae, Diptera) in the Sulaimaniya Liwa, North Iraqi.

PMID- 13681175
TI  - [Amenorrhea in genital tuberculosis].

PMID- 13681176
TI  - [On the problem of the prevention of genital tuberculosis].

PMID- 13681177
TI  - [The surgical treatment of female genital tuberculosis].

PMID- 13681178
TI  - [Nicolas GHEORGHIU (1867-1958)].

PMID- 13681179
TI  - [Pyramidalopexy in the treatment of genital prolapse with incontinence].

PMID- 13681180
TI  - [Some problems in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis of the female
      genital organs. Clinical lecture].

PMID- 13681181
TI  - [Dust in hemp factories as a cause of respiratory diseases in workers].

PMID- 13681182
TI  - [Health conditions of agricultural workers in Vojvodina].

PMID- 13681183
TI  - The Gurd-Mumford procedure for acromioclavicular dislocations.

PMID- 13681184
TI  - [The risk of parasitic contamination in spas].

PMID- 13681185
TI  - [Rheumatoid arthritis and amyloidosis].

PMID- 13681186
TI  - [Aplasia of the muscles of the abdominal wall associated with megaureters and
      other congenital malformations (Lepto-laparic cystoureteromegaly)].

PMID- 13681187
TI  - [Diffuse peritonitis caused by appendicitis granulosa in a 20-day-old premature
      infant].

PMID- 13681188
TI  - [Juxtacervical vaginal ectopic outlet of a supernumerary ureter].

PMID- 13681189
TI  - Observations on cycloserineisoniazid in pulmonary tuberculosis.

PMID- 13681190
TI  - Amebic panorama.

PMID- 13681191
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of upper digestive hemorrhages].

PMID- 13681192
TI  - [The Centre Agricole d'Augy (Nievre), annex of the psychiatric hospital of La
      Charite-sur-Loire].

PMID- 13681193
TI  - Rewarming shock in deep hypothermia.

PMID- 13681194
TI  - Indian childhood cirrhosis.

PMID- 13681196
TI  - [The Manchester-Fothergill operation in the treatment of genital prolapse].

PMID- 13681195
TI  - Some problems connected with childhood hepatic cirrhosis.

PMID- 13681197
TI  - Action of ismelin on Finkleman preparation of rabbit ileum.

PMID- 13681198
TI  - Serum magnesium in women in the normal state and in certain conditions.

PMID- 13681199
TI  - [Incapacity of the neurologically injured person from a medicolegal point of
      view].

PMID- 13681200
TI  - [The incapacity of the neurotraumatized patient from the medicolegal point of
      view. Mediating medicolegal problems of the neurotraumatized patient].

PMID- 13681201
TI  - [Therapeutic and clinical study on the efficacy of sulfonyl urea derivatives in
      psoriasis vulgaris].

PMID- 13681202
TI  - [Angiohemophilia].

PMID- 13681203
TI  - [On hemorrhagic diathesis in paraproteinemias].

PMID- 13681204
TI  - [Presence of a vasotocin in the neurohypophysis of the frog (Rana esculenta L.)].

PMID- 13681205
TI  - Some comments on the relationship of the distribution of multiple sclerosis to
      latitude, solar radiation, and other variables.

PMID- 13681206
TI  - Early weaning in the aetiology of ulcerative colitis. A study of feeding in
      infancy in cases and controls.

PMID- 13681207
TI  - An association between ulcerative colitis, regional enteritis, and ankylosing
      spondylitis.

PMID- 13681208
TI  - The distribution of ulcerative colitis and regional enteritis in United States
      veterans with particular reference to the Jewish religion.
AB  - In a sample of patients, discharged from Veterans Administration Hospitals in the
      United States, suffering from ulcerative colitis and regional enteritis and mixed
      forms of these diseases, the proportion of Jews was four times as high as in a
      corresponding sample of general medical and surgical patients.

PMID- 13681209
TI  - Effects of repeated doses of curare on neuromuscular block in the cat.

PMID- 13681210
TI  - The metabolites of piperic acid and some related compounds in the rat.

PMID- 13681211
TI  - Attempted correlations between behavioural and biochemical changes in rats
      following reserpine and chronic administration of amine-oxidase inhibitors.

PMID- 13681212
TI  - The free radical nature of aromatic hydroxylation effected by oxygen ascorbic
      acid and and ferrous ins.

PMID- 13681213
TI  - Cortisone and tuberculin as adjuvants to streptomycin and isoniazid in the
      chemotherapy of experimental tuberculosis in the guinea pig.

PMID- 13681214
TI  - Skeletal maturation in ovarian dysgenesis and Turner's syndrome.

PMID- 13681216
TI  - Haemorrhoids in the adult male; a small epidemiological study.

PMID- 13681215
TI  - Aetiology of coronary heart disease in old men.

PMID- 13681218
TI  - [Apropos of petro-mastoid evidements].

PMID- 13681219
TI  - [Tonsillectomy under systematic general anesthesia in the Rose position].

PMID- 13681217
TI  - Mortality from cerebrovascular accidents and hypertension in the Republic of
      Ireland.

PMID- 13681220
TI  - [Contribution on the surgical treatment of nephroptosis].

PMID- 13681221
TI  - Treatment of hypertension with benzydroflumethiazide as the sole antihypertensive
      agent.

PMID- 13681222
TI  - Brief survey of the cholesterol problem with clinical applications.

PMID- 13681223
TI  - Cutaneous side effects from use of triparanol (MER-29): preliminary data on
      ichthyosis and loss of hair.

PMID- 13681225
TI  - [Developments in the care of psychiatric patients].

PMID- 13681224
TI  - [Normal and pathological arteriography in infants and small children].

PMID- 13681226
TI  - [The course of schizophrenic and schizophreni-form psychoses. A comparative study
      of changes in disease pictures, prognoses and the patient-physician relationship
      during the years 1933-1935 and 1953-1955].

PMID- 13681227
TI  - [Defluvium in a treated myxedematous child].

PMID- 13681228
TI  - Blue Shield's relative value index.

PMID- 13681229
TI  - Tax Blue Cross? No.

PMID- 13681230
TI  - System analysis of four methods of achieving closed circuit respiratory support.

PMID- 13681231
TI  - [What the physician should know about the current trend in food legislation].

PMID- 13681232
TI  - [Experiences with orisul syrup in pediatrics].

PMID- 13681233
TI  - [Experiences with Presuren anesthesia].

PMID- 13681234
TI  - [On the history of geriatrics].

PMID- 13681235
TI  - [Parisian surgery from 1794 to 1850].

PMID- 13681236
TI  - A sensitive analytical method for choline.

PMID- 13681237
TI  - A simplified and specific method for the estimation of choline.

PMID- 13681238
TI  - Effect of dielectric changes on catalase reaction rates.

PMID- 13681239
TI  - Erythropoiesis in the mammalian embryonic liver as revealed by electron
      microscopy.

PMID- 13681241
TI  - Radioautography in gastric cancer.

PMID- 13681240
TI  - Histochemical demonstration of dehydrogenase activity in the cells of normal
      human blood and bone marrow.
AB  - Endogenous and succinic dehydrogenase activity was demonstrated in the living
      cells of normal human blood and bone marrow using a buffered nitro BT-succinate
      incubating solution. With this technique dehydrogenase activity was localized
      primarily in the granular leukocytes and the sites of enzymatic activity appeared
      to be non-mitochondrial. The addition of a non-ionic surface active agent to the
      incubating solution resulted in marked differences in the cellular and
      intracellular localization of dehydrogenase activity. With this method it was
      possible to demonstrate dehydrogenase activity in the mitochondria of most of the
      formed elements of the blood and bone marrow, including developing granulocytes
      and erythroid cells, agranulocytes, and blood platelets. Mature erythrocytes also
      exhibited a minimal dehydrogenase reaction with this procedure. This
      investigation indicated that in order adequately to demonstrate and evaluate
      dehydrogenase activity in the cells of the blood and bone marrow it was necessary
      to have increased cellular and mitochondrial permeability, as well as partially
      viable cells with an intact dehydrogenase system.

PMID- 13681242
TI  - Recognition of gastric cancer by in vivo radioautography.

PMID- 13681243
TI  - Interactions of hydrocortisone and thyrotropin on thyroid secretion of intact
      dogs.

PMID- 13681244
TI  - Uptake and excretion of radioactive rose bengal dye in normal dogs.

PMID- 13681245
TI  - [Composition of spongopurine, a new purine base in nature].

PMID- 13681246
TI  - [The isolation of choline esters as dipicrylaminates].

PMID- 13681247
TI  - [Basic principles and technics of lower prostheses with extension].

PMID- 13681248
TI  - [Chorial testicular carcinoma, a 6 year period of observation after
      semicastration, therapy with human placenta].

PMID- 13681249
TI  - [Hemoblastosis (eosinophilic myelosis) and pregnancy].

PMID- 13681250
TI  - [Therapy with human placenta in a double carcinoma (7-year observation period)].

PMID- 13681251
TI  - [On the cultivation of the virus of lymphocytic choriomeningitis in mouse embryo
      cell cultures].

PMID- 13681252
TI  - Chemistry of viral infected cells.

PMID- 13681253
TI  - Complications and dangers of side-to-side intestinal anastomosis.

PMID- 13681254
TI  - Retromandibular perotid tumour.

PMID- 13681255
TI  - The treatment of prolapsed gangrenous haemorrhoids.

PMID- 13681256
TI  - Excretion of porphobilinogen and 5-aminolaevulinic acid in acute porphyria.

PMID- 13681257
TI  - Clinical trials based on patients' preferences. A new test of statistical
      significance.

PMID- 13681258
TI  - [Controlled clinical experiences with a new analeptic, dioxone. Methodological
      considerations and results].

PMID- 13681259
TI  - [Effects of the administration of dioxone on the respiration of normal subjects].

PMID- 13681260
TI  - [Effects of the pneumogastric nerve in Colubridae after the action of various
      drugs].

PMID- 13681261
TI  - [Clinical aspects and course of a case of "agranulocytosis"].

PMID- 13681262
TI  - Indications for immediate hysterectomy without curetage in cases of hydatidiform
      mole.

PMID- 13681263
TI  - Metastatic carcinoma of the neck of unknown primary origin.

PMID- 13681264
TI  - [Re-operations for retroanastomotic hernia after antecolic operations and for
      occlusion of the afferent loop].

PMID- 13681265
TI  - [The use of hydrocortisone hemisuccinate in the prevention and treatment of the
      most common transfusional reactions].

PMID- 13681266
TI  - [Use of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) in anesthesia, Preliminary note].

PMID- 13681267
TI  - [A new leptocurare in orthopedics and traumatology: succinyldisulfocholine].

PMID- 13681268
TI  - [Spinal compressions caused by primary tuberculous epidurites. Apropos of 10
      personal observations].

PMID- 13681269
TI  - [Paraosteoarthropathies and cranial traumatisms. Apropos of 14 personal cases].

PMID- 13681270
TI  - [Thrombosis of the internal carotid artery following contusion of the tonsillar
      bed--by dental prosthetic apparatus].

PMID- 13681271
TI  - [Apropos of 3 observations of sacrococcygeal tumors].

PMID- 13681272
TI  - Pharmacology of methicillin.
AB  - The pharmacology of a new antibiotic methicillin, 6(2:6-dimethoxybenzamido)
      penicillanic acid, which is effective against staphylococci resistant to
      penicillin G, has been investigated. It is free from acute and chronic toxic
      effects, except that some pain may be caused following intramuscular injection.
      It is poorly absorbed orally, but after intramuscular injection the
      concentrations in the serum and in tissues are very similar to those found with
      penicillin G. It is excreted by the kidneys both by renal tubular secretion and
      glomerular filtration. It is also excreted in the bile in very high
      concentrations, the ratio of concentration in the bile to the blood being
      approximately 2.5 times that of penicillin G. From a study of the metabolism of
      the drug it is calculated that 75% is eliminated unchanged in the urine and that
      the remainder is probably destroyed after the excretion into the intestine via
      the bile.

PMID- 13681273
TI  - The antitubercular activity of 3-acetylthiopropylene sulphide and 3-(2
      furoylthio) propylene sulphide.
AB  - Two derivatives of 3-mercaptopropylene sulphide (B.R.L. 482), 3
      acetylthiopropylene sulphide (B.R.L. 459) and 3-(2-furoylthio)propylene sulphide
      (B.R.L. 658), have been tested in mice for antitubercular activity. The compounds
      were administered daily in arachis oil by the subcutaneous route. When tested by
      a prolongation in survival time B.R.L. 459 was less active than streptomycin,
      while B.R.L. 658 was of the same order of activity. When assessed by the lesions
      present in the lungs after 14 days' treatment B.R.L. 658 was as active as
      isoniazid and B.R.L. 459 was of the same order of activity as streptomycin.
      Neither compound, however, cured an established infection and resistance
      developed rapidly to both compounds, both in vitro and in vivo. It is concluded
      that, in view of their adverse physical and pharmacological properties, the
      compounds are unsuitable for clinical use.

PMID- 13681275
TI  - The surgical treatment of pulmonary complications of pneumonia in children.

PMID- 13681274
TI  - The antitubercular properties of a series of thiols and sulphides.
AB  - The antitubercular activity of a series of thiols, dithiolans, thiol esters,
      dimercaptopropyl esters, and episulphides has been examined in vitro and in vivo
      in mice infected with the H(37)Rv strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Most of
      the thiol compounds were inactive, although dimercaprol (2,3-dimercaptopropanol;
      B.A.L.) and a few closely related compounds showed slight activity in vivo, the
      only exception being 2,3-dimercaptopropyl chloride which was very active. The
      dithiolans were inactive, but some of the thiol esters were moderately active, in
      particular 2,3-di(acetylthio)propyl acetate and 1,2,3-tri(acetylthio)propane. The
      majority of the dimercaptopropyl esters had significant activity, the most active
      compounds being 2,3 - dimercaptopropyl benzoate, 1, 3 - dimercapto - 2 - propyl
      benzoate, 2, 3 - dimercaptopropyl o-chlorobenzoate, and 2,3-dimercaptopropyl p
      chlorobenzoate. All the S-acyl derivatives of 3-mercaptopropylene sulphide had
      good antitubercular activity, some being more active than streptomycin. The most
      active compound of the series was 3-(2-furoylthio)propylene sulphide. The
      activity of the compounds is believed to be due to their conversion in vivo to 3
      mercaptopropylene sulphide and not due to the formation of ethanethiol. Slight
      deviation from the basic structure abolishes antitubercular activity.

PMID- 13681276
TI  - [Air embolism].

PMID- 13681277
TI  - Brain ribosomes and amino acid incorporation.

PMID- 13681278
TI  - [On pregnancy of the rudimentary accessory cornu with special reference to the
      pathomechanism of insertion of the ovum].

PMID- 13681279
TI  - [Cor triloculare biatriatum].

PMID- 13681280
TI  - The hemodynamic response to the i.v. administration of Cedilanid in patients with
      rheumatic heart disease.

PMID- 13681281
TI  - [On a technic for creating autologous vascular grafts].

PMID- 13681282
TI  - [Tumors of the parotid gland].

PMID- 13681283
TI  - [Pressure changes in aortic coarctation treated with reserpine].

PMID- 13681284
TI  - Protein and vitamin intake and visceral leishmaniasis in the mouse.

PMID- 13681285
TI  - [A contribution to surgical lysis of cicatrical entropion].

PMID- 13681286
TI  - [A new method for estimating the suitability of pseudo-isochromatic plates and
      evaluating the readings].

PMID- 13681287
TI  - Purification of Murray Valley encephalitis virus.

PMID- 13681288
TI  - Purification and properties of neuraminidase from Vibrio cholerae.

PMID- 13681289
TI  - Neuraminidase in the choriosllantois of the chick embryo.

PMID- 13681290
TI  - [Clinical use of enzymes in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

PMID- 13681291
TI  - The effects of prednisolone, INAH, and a combination of the two on experimental
      tuberculous cavities in the guinea-pig. 3.

PMID- 13681292
TI  - [Effects of prednisolone and or isoniazid on experimental pulmonary cavitary
      tuberculosis in guinea pigs. I].

PMID- 13681293
TI  - [Personality of consumptive patients studied by the revised Rorschach test].

PMID- 13681295
TI  - Experiences in breast cancer.

PMID- 13681294
TI  - Applied anatomy for ptosis surgery.

PMID- 13681296
TI  - Linkage between deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and colour
      blindness.

PMID- 13681297
TI  - [Lactic acid therapy of psoriasis].

PMID- 13681298
TI  - [Patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in penitentiaries].

PMID- 13681299
TI  - On the role of the brain stem activation system in the conditioning to viscral
      stimulation.

PMID- 13681300
TI  - Conditioned and unconditioned cerebral cortical activation to renal pelvic
      stimulation.

PMID- 13681302
TI  - [Bases for morbidity statistics].

PMID- 13681301
TI  - [Tuberculosis in the past in Hungary under conditions of penitentiary
      institutions].

PMID- 13681303
TI  - [On the analysis of accidents in an industrial region].

PMID- 13681304
TI  - [Some possibilities of statistical research on the health status of the
      population].

PMID- 13681305
TI  - Further experiments on naturally acclimatized men.

PMID- 13681306
TI  - Physiological responses to hot environments.

PMID- 13681307
TI  - The effects of environmental stress: measurements on artificially acclimatized
      men.

PMID- 13681308
TI  - A preliminary study in the tropics of the effects of air temperature, humidity
      and air speed on naturally acclimatized men.

PMID- 13681309
TI  - The nature and degree of natural acclimatization.

PMID- 13681310
TI  - [On Phlebotomus renauxi Parrot and Schwetz, 1937. Description of the male].

PMID- 13681311
TI  - [Observations on the biology and vector power of a population of Anopheles
      gambiae resistant to dieldrin in Haute-Volta].

PMID- 13681312
TI  - [The pre-imaginal stages of Eretmapodites forcipulatus Edwards, 1936].

PMID- 13681313
TI  - ["Penicillin allergy" and the exaggeration of medical conscientiousness].

PMID- 13681315
TI  - [Malignant tumors of the thyroid].

PMID- 13681314
TI  - [What's new in the therapy of dermatomycoses with griseofulvin?].

PMID- 13681316
TI  - [Treatment of fistulae of the digestive system secreting substances digesting or
      macerating the skin].

PMID- 13681317
TI  - [Clinical studies on the use of silicones in surgery].

PMID- 13681318
TI  - Local burn treatment with silicones. New method of ensuring dry milieu.

PMID- 13681319
TI  - [Nikolai Ivanovich PIROGOV, a great thinker and teacher].

PMID- 13681320
TI  - [Cancer of the cervix uteri in pregnancy].

PMID- 13681321
TI  - [The pharmacological properties of a new bismuth salt: the bismuth
      sulfamethoxypyridazine complex].

PMID- 13681322
TI  - [Pharmacological properties of the most recent depot sulfonamides].

PMID- 13681323
TI  - [Presentation of the clinical chart used at the Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica
      of the University of Perugia].

PMID- 13681324
TI  - [Presentation of the printed forms used at the Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica
      of the Universita di Perugia. 2].

PMID- 13681325
TI  - [A modified standard small fluoroscope].

PMID- 13681326
TI  - Insulin sensitization to the action of k-strophanthin.

PMID- 13681327
TI  - [Etiopathogenesis of caries in the light of recent studies].

PMID- 13681328
TI  - [The phythemagglutinin content of another 100 plants].

PMID- 13681329
TI  - [On modifications of blood diastases induced by prolonged transfusion therapy].

PMID- 13681331
TI  - [Hemochromocytometric characteristics and periodicity of blood collections from
      donors].

PMID- 13681330
TI  - [Behavior of the colloidal lability test, of cholesterolemia, total protein and
      erythrocyte sedimentation rate in a group liver disease patients treated with a
      combination of cortisone and testosterone therapy].

PMID- 13681332
TI  - [On some serological changes in the course of the simple and complicated
      influence of bronchopneumonia].

PMID- 13681334
TI  - [Agglomeration reaction of alizarin agglutinin suspensions as a method for a
      rapid identification of pathogenic microbes (a new serological reaction). II].

PMID- 13681333
TI  - [On the tolerance for a combination of dihydrostreptomycin pantothenate and
      dihydrostreptomycin sulfate in the therapy of tuberculosis with particular
      reference to the therapy of tuberculous meningitis].

PMID- 13681335
TI  - [On the problem of immunological activity of antibodies adsorbed on solid
      adsorbents].

PMID- 13681336
TI  - [On vitamin supply in patients with chronic dysentery].

PMID- 13681337
TI  - [Relation of the adsorption of immune antibodies to the chemical structure of
      adsorbents].

PMID- 13681338
TI  - [Studies on copro- and hemo-cultures with the application of agglomeration
      reaction of alizarin agglutin suspensions].

PMID- 13681339
TI  - [Experience in hygienic evaluation of various climatic factors in a health resort
      for children].

PMID- 13681341
TI  - [Clinical aspects and therapy of recurrent and exacerbated pulmonary tuberculosis
      after terminated effective pneumothorax].

PMID- 13681340
TI  - [On the problem of methods for the detection of natural foci of tularemia].

PMID- 13681342
TI  - [Data on bacillary diseases in Stalino].

PMID- 13681343
TI  - [On side effects in combined antibacterial therapy of pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13681344
TI  - [Results of complex therapy of tuberculosis by artificial pneumothorax and
      antibacterial preparations].

PMID- 13681345
TI  - [Role of artificial pneumothrax in the complex therapy of tuberculosis. (Review
      of the literature)].

PMID- 13681346
TI  - [2 cases of neurilemmoma of the larynx and tongue].

PMID- 13681347
TI  - [Quantitative evaluation of losses from tuberculosis].

PMID- 13681348
TI  - [Oral automatism as a symptom of meso-diencephalic motor disintegration].

PMID- 13681349
TI  - Effects of reserpine on the reproductive system of immature male mice.

PMID- 13681350
TI  - [Neurophysiological principles of optokinetic reaction].

PMID- 13681351
TI  - Current status of nursing research.

PMID- 13681352
TI  - The movable kidney syndrome. A successful nephropexy: historical survey and
      current assessment.

PMID- 13681353
TI  - The value of emphasis in eliminating errors. A controlled study in teaching.

PMID- 13681354
TI  - Iron deficiency anemia and its therapy.

PMID- 13681355
TI  - Embryonic mortality induced experimentally in the rabbit.

PMID- 13681356
TI  - Intracardiac myxomas and thrombi. Clinical manifestations, pathology and
      treatment.

PMID- 13681357
TI  - Changes in the adrenal and pitultary gland in experimental malnutrition.

PMID- 13681358
TI  - Achalasia of the cardia and Hirschsprung's disease. The amount and distribution
      of cholinesterases.

PMID- 13681359
TI  - Extensive dermatitis due to warfarin sodium (coumadin).

PMID- 13681360
TI  - Elastic degeneration as source of lipids in the early lesion of atherosclerosis.

PMID- 13681361
TI  - Histochemistry of myelin. II. Proteins, lipid-protein dissociation and proteinase
      activity in Wallerian degeneration.

PMID- 13681362
TI  - A histochemical method for tryptophan applicable to formalin-fixed tissues.

PMID- 13681363
TI  - An evaluation of maximal water diuresis in chronic renal disease. II. Effect of
      variations in sodium intake and excretion.

PMID- 13681364
TI  - The response of hypophysectomized mice to injections of human serum containing
      long-acting thyroid stimulator.

PMID- 13681365
TI  - Bioassay of long-acting thyroid stimulator (L.A.T.S.); the dose-response
      relationship.

PMID- 13681366
TI  - Some factors affecting the permeability of large-granule membranes to mouse-liver
      catalase in vitro.

PMID- 13681367
TI  - On the failure of tumour homogenate injections to simulate quantitatively the
      changes in catalase activity in the tumour-bearing host.

PMID- 13681368
TI  - Hydroxyproline metabolism. II. Enzymatic preparation and properties of Delta 1
      pyrroline-3-hydroxy-5-carboxylic acid.

PMID- 13681369
TI  - Hydroxyproline metabolism. III. Enzymatic synthesis of hydroxyproline from Delta
      1-pyrroline-3-hydroxy-5-carboxylate.

PMID- 13681370
TI  - Hydroxyproline metabolism. IV. Enzymatic synthesis of gamma-hydroxyglutamate from
      Delta 1-pyrroline-3-hydroxy-5-carboxylate.

PMID- 13681371
TI  - Nutritional and other megaloblastic anaemias among Africans and Indians in
      Durban.

PMID- 13681372
TI  - Specificity of glucose oxidase.

PMID- 13681373
TI  - Some histological and histochemical observations on bovine teat epithelium.

PMID- 13681374
TI  - Interrelationships of maternal and fetal circulations. I. Flow-pressure responses
      to vasoactive drugs in sheep.

PMID- 13681375
TI  - The physical working capacity of normal school children. II. Swedish city and
      country.

PMID- 13681377
TI  - Physical working capacity: an index of cardiac fitness.

PMID- 13681376
TI  - The physical working capacity of normal school children. I. California.

PMID- 13681378
TI  - A technic for removal of imprisoned abdominal drain.

PMID- 13681379
TI  - The heartening response of patients to an experiment in dual purpose
      remotivation.

PMID- 13681380
TI  - Prognosis and survival in the aftermath of hemiplegia.

PMID- 13681381
TI  - The isolation of cymarin and periplocymarin from the seeds of Castilloa elastica
      Cerv.

PMID- 13681382
TI  - Rorschach response productivity and overt psychiatric symptomatology.

PMID- 13681383
TI  - The influence of social variables, treatment methods, and administrative factors
      on mental hospital admission rates.

PMID- 13681385
TI  - Extension of subdiaphragmatic disease processes into the thoracic cavity.

PMID- 13681384
TI  - Chest wall deformities and defects.

PMID- 13681386
TI  - Mediastinotomy for parathyroid adenoma.

PMID- 13681387
TI  - Obstructing lesions of the esophagus.

PMID- 13681388
TI  - Thoracic injuries.

PMID- 13681390
TI  - Health education--the basic structure of public health.

PMID- 13681389
TI  - Transsternal thyroidectomy.

PMID- 13681391
TI  - The work of the Information Services Division of the Department of National
      Health and Welfare.

PMID- 13681392
TI  - The organization of component response error events in two-dimensional visual
      tracking.

PMID- 13681393
TI  - Some determinants of two-dimensional visual tracking behavior.

PMID- 13681394
TI  - Human tracking behavior.

PMID- 13681395
TI  - The second facet of forgetting: a review of warmup decrement.

PMID- 13681396
TI  - The biosynthesis of chondroitin sulphate. Incorporation of sulphate into
      chondroitin sulphate in embryonic chick cartilage.

PMID- 13681397
TI  - Cerebral metabolic studies on the human during total cerebral arterial occlusion
      and hypothermia. The effect on cerebral respiratory quotient.

PMID- 13681398
TI  - Reproducibility and reliability of the Schilling test.

PMID- 13681399
TI  - The urinary excretion of assayable vitamin B12 and radioactivity after parenteral
      58Co B12 in man.
AB  - Evidence is presented that after injection of radioactive vitamin B(12) in man,
      there is a close correlation between the amount of radioactivity excreted and the
      amount of assayable vitamin B(12) excreted, and thus that the amount of
      radioactivity excreted is a true measure of the vitamin B(12) excreted. The
      possible reasons for this occurrence are discussed and it is suggested that in
      the body vitamin B(12) does not exist as such but as an analogue or active
      derivative.

PMID- 13681400
TI  - Realism of confidence judgments.

PMID- 13681401
TI  - Epidemic bronchiolitis and pneumonitis related to respiratory syncytial virus.

PMID- 13681402
TI  - Acute viral exanthems.

PMID- 13681403
TI  - Agarbacterium alginicum: the appropriate taxonomic designation for Alginomonas
      alginica.

PMID- 13681404
TI  - Hemodynamic effects of cesarean section.

PMID- 13681405
TI  - Reduction of cognitive dissonance by seeking consonant information.

PMID- 13681406
TI  - Community care for the mentally subnormal.

PMID- 13681407
TI  - On sporulation in sulphate-reducing bacteria.

PMID- 13681408
TI  - Age and crime. Medical and sociologic characteristics of prisoners over 50.

PMID- 13681409
TI  - Multiple calcific embolism following mtral valvotomy.

PMID- 13681410
TI  - Serum transaminase activity in dissecting aneurysm of the aorta.

PMID- 13681411
TI  - Confidence in the recognition and reproduction of words difficult to spell.

PMID- 13681412
TI  - Intra-uterine and extra-uterine pregnancy combined with ovarian cyst.

PMID- 13681413
TI  - Prevention of infections in the operating pavilion.

PMID- 13681414
TI  - Gossypol, a pigment of cottonseed.

PMID- 13681415
TI  - Labeling of erythrocytes in vitro with radioiodine-tagged I-triiodothyronine as
      an index of thyroid function: an improved hematocrit correction.

PMID- 13681416
TI  - Plastic film passes tests for surgical use.

PMID- 13681417
TI  - [Diseases of the nervous system due to alcoholism].

PMID- 13681418
TI  - Anosmia in alkaline battery workers.

PMID- 13681419
TI  - Bacterial shock in obstetrics and gynecology.

PMID- 13681420
TI  - A note on irradiated heparin: some biological and chemical properties.

PMID- 13681421
TI  - Retinal detachment due to macular and small posterior holes.

PMID- 13681422
TI  - [Bronchogenic carcinoma. Some important factors for improving its surgical
      treatment].

PMID- 13681424
TI  - What is an internship in Illinois?

PMID- 13681423
TI  - [Bronchogenic carcinoma. Some important factors for the improvement of its
      surgical treatment].

PMID- 13681425
TI  - Emetics in accidental poisoning.

PMID- 13681426
TI  - Skin testing in pediatric practice.

PMID- 13681427
TI  - A case of acute retropharyngeal nocardial infection controlled by streptomycin
      and tetracyclines.

PMID- 13681428
TI  - From hallways to highways.

PMID- 13681429
TI  - [Influence of variable doses of glucagon on the blood sugar and glucide
      assimilation of the normal rat].

PMID- 13681430
TI  - [Treatment of ventricular tachycardia].

PMID- 13681431
TI  - [Surgical therapy of cancer of the esophagus and cardia].

PMID- 13681432
TI  - Hours of duty and annual leave.

PMID- 13681433
TI  - The neuromuscular blocking action of paromomycin.

PMID- 13681435
TI  - Casesarean section. A review of 294 cases.

PMID- 13681434
TI  - Neuromuscular-blocking properties of various polypeptide antibiotics.

PMID- 13681436
TI  - Some psychological aspects of the management of the brain-damaged adolescent in a
      residential setting.

PMID- 13681437
TI  - Inhibition and recovery of Golgi response in intestinal epithelial cells of the
      rat injected with monoiodoacetic acid-treated fat-induced chyme.

PMID- 13681438
TI  - [Current treatment of burns in children and their sequelae].

PMID- 13681439
TI  - [Philosophy of medicine, Studies of medical logic].

PMID- 13681440
TI  - [Philosophy of medicine. Studies in medical logic. II. Attempt at a
      classification and definition of medical specialties].

PMID- 13681441
TI  - [The philosophy of medicine, Studies of medical logics. III. Essay on definition
      of the "medicine" concept].

PMID- 13681442
TI  - [Dehydration and urinary pH].

PMID- 13681443
TI  - The impact of dynamic psychiatry in Louisiana.

PMID- 13681444
TI  - [On experimental eczema. XII. Effects of x-rays on experimental eczema (combined
      injuries)].

PMID- 13681445
TI  - Free-will and freedom.

PMID- 13681446
TI  - Pulmonary arterial lesions in canine dirofilariasis.

PMID- 13681447
TI  - [Experimental research and observations on leptospirosis of birds. Its
      epidemiological importance].

PMID- 13681448
TI  - The pharmacognosy of the root of Rauwolfia ligustrina Roem. and Schult.

PMID- 13681449
TI  - [The welfare state and mental health].

PMID- 13681450
TI  - [Anatomical demonstration of air embolism in the cardiac blood].

PMID- 13681451
TI  - The effect of nitrogen on the enzymatic pattern of strain L cells.

PMID- 13681452
TI  - Aspergillosis complicating sarcoidosis. Successful surgical resection.

PMID- 13681453
TI  - Electroencephalography in cardiac surgery.

PMID- 13681454
TI  - Action of external divalent ion reduction on sodium movement in the squid giant
      axon.
AB  - Voltage clamp measurements of the sodium potential have been made on the resting
      squid giant axon to study the effect of variations in external divalent ion
      concentration upon net sodium flux. From these measurements the intracellular
      sodium concentration and the net sodium inflow were calculated using the Nernst
      relation and constant activity coefficients. While an axon bathed in artificial
      sea water shows a slow increase in internal sodium concentration, the rate of
      sodium accumulation is increased about two times by reducing external calcium and
      magnesium concentrations to 0.1 times their normal values. The mean inward net
      sodium flux increases from a mean control value of 97 pmole/cm(2) sec. to 186
      pmole/cm(2) sec. in low divalent solution. Associated with these effects of
      external divalent ion reduction are a marked decrease in action potential
      amplitude, little or no change in resting potential, and a shift along the
      voltage axis of the curve relating peak sodium conductance to membrane potential
      similar to that obtained by Frankenhaeuser and Hodgkin (1957). These results
      implicate divalent ions in long term (minutes to hours) sodium permeability.

PMID- 13681456
TI  - The effect of tumor suspensions on human red blood cells.

PMID- 13681455
TI  - Analysis of repetitive transient response of lobster motor axons.

PMID- 13681457
TI  - Approaches to rating the mute patient.

PMID- 13681458
TI  - The platelet as a sponge: a review.

PMID- 13681459
TI  - Platelet and fibrinogen survival in normal and abnormal states of coagulation.

PMID- 13681460
TI  - Macroglobulinemia of Waldenstrom apparently associated with two paraproteins;
      report of a case.

PMID- 13681461
TI  - Acute arsenic intoxication shown by roentgenograms.

PMID- 13681463
TI  - A microscopic study of dermal gunshot wounds.

PMID- 13681462
TI  - Sudden death from coronary disease related to a lethal mechanism arising
      independently of vascular occlusion or myocardial damage.

PMID- 13681464
TI  - Slaughter of the innocents. A study of forty-six homicides in which the victims
      were children.

PMID- 13681465
TI  - Sudden death from coronary disease-the cardiac coundrum.

PMID- 13681466
TI  - Human decisions in command control centers.

PMID- 13681467
TI  - Personalities and dynamics in interagency cooperation.

PMID- 13681468
TI  - [Fissures of the nipple].

PMID- 13681469
TI  - [The child with a constant cold].

PMID- 13681470
TI  - [The child without appetite].

PMID- 13681471
TI  - The treatment of tetanus with the phenyl radical.

PMID- 13681473
TI  - The control of communicable diseases in pre-school children in Lagos.

PMID- 13681472
TI  - The effects of x-irradiation in solution on the kinetic, sedimentation and
      fluorescent properties of glutamic acid dehydrogenase.

PMID- 13681474
TI  - Social factors affecting emotinality and resistance to disease in animals: II.
      Susceptibility to gastric ulceration as a function of interruptions in social
      interactions and the time at which they occur.

PMID- 13681475
TI  - Social factors affecting emotinality and resistance to disease in animals: I. Age
      of separation from the mother and susceptibility to gastric ulcers in the rat.

PMID- 13681476
TI  - Free-operant avoidance conditioning in human subjects.

PMID- 13681477
TI  - Investigations on herpes virus in human amniotic and embryo cell cultures.

PMID- 13681478
TI  - The influence of meteorological changes on coronary thrombosis.

PMID- 13681479
TI  - The action of certain cyclothexamines on hippocampal system during approach
      performance in the cat.

PMID- 13681480
TI  - EEG records from cortical and deep brain structures during centrifugal and
      vibrational accelerations in cats and monkeys.

PMID- 13681481
TI  - Computer techniques in correlation and spectral analyses of cerebral slow waves
      during discriminative behavior.

PMID- 13681482
TI  - Brain mechanisms and the learning process.

PMID- 13681483
TI  - [Observations on the treatment of ascitogenic cirrhosis with anabolic steroids.
      The peritoneal reabsorption of plasma in animals treated with 4-chloro-19
      nortestosterone].

PMID- 13681484
TI  - [Diabetic pathology and diencephalic moments].

PMID- 13681485
TI  - A new type Warburg vessel and its application to the study of some kinetics of
      cholinesterase inhibition.

PMID- 13681487
TI  - Multiple molar impactions: report of case.

PMID- 13681486
TI  - [Pituitary somatotropic hormone and bone fractures].

PMID- 13681488
TI  - [Behavior of desoxyribonucleic acid in human endometrium during the menstrual
      cycle].

PMID- 13681489
TI  - [Ovarian cystadenoma: data concerning some anatomo-histological and clinical
      characteristics].

PMID- 13681490
TI  - [Primary sarcoma of the cervix in pregnancy. (Anatomoclinical contribution)].

PMID- 13681491
TI  - Selective stretching for the paralytic patient.

PMID- 13681492
TI  - The hormonal mediation of neurovascular reflex adjustments: catechol amine
      response to postural changes in man.

PMID- 13681494
TI  - Management of thoracic trauma.

PMID- 13681493
TI  - A stainless steel strut for correction of pectus escavatum.

PMID- 13681495
TI  - [Problems of rehabilitation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 13681496
TI  - An effective ointment in the treatment of diaper dermatitis.

PMID- 13681497
TI  - Infantile paralysis in the Jerusalem district during the years 1054-1958.

PMID- 13681498
TI  - Familial cerebral palsy.

PMID- 13681499
TI  - [On the technic of preservation of arteries].

PMID- 13681500
TI  - Mycoplasma inocuum sp. n., a saprophyte from chickens.
AB  - Adler, H. E. (University of California, Davis), M. Shifrine, and Herrad Ortmayer.
      Mycoplasma inocuum sp. n., a saprophyte from chickens. J. Bacteriol. 82:239-240.
      1961.-A new species of Mycoplasma was isolated from the infraorbital sinuses of
      chickens. The organism, a saprophyte, differs from all known mycoplasmas of avian
      origin. A description of this isolate is given. It has been named Mycoplasma
      inocuum sp. n.

PMID- 13681501
TI  - Nutrition, metabolism, and pathogenicity of Mycoplasmas.

PMID- 13681502
TI  - Heterogeneity of cultures of Escherichia coli B/r.

PMID- 13681503
TI  - [Local deep anesthesia for peroral endoscopy].

PMID- 13681504
TI  - Management of common obstetric problems: panel discussion.

PMID- 13681505
TI  - Use of a porous synthetic sponge (Ivalon) in surgery. I. Tissue responses after
      implantation.

PMID- 13681506
TI  - Spontaneous pneumothorax with a review of ninety-five cases.

PMID- 13681507
TI  - The role of N-dealkylation of morphine or its surrogates in analgesia and
      tolerance.

PMID- 13681508
TI  - [On the operability and prognosis of ovarian carcinoma].

PMID- 13681509
TI  - [On the toxicity and local analgesic activity of p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters].

PMID- 13681510
TI  - [On toxic and local-anesthetic properties of p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters].

PMID- 13681511
TI  - Effect of cholecystokinin on duodenal tonus and motility.

PMID- 13681512
TI  - A case of bilateral tubular adenoma of the testis.

PMID- 13681513
TI  - The selective action of mixtures of known bactericidal substances in micro
      crystallo-concentrate preparations, not hitherto clinically employed, on human
      malignant tissue.

PMID- 13681514
TI  - Idiopathic haemotympanum and mastoiditis nigra.

PMID- 13681515
TI  - [A family with 2 albumin fractions (bisalbuminemia) determined by serum
      electrophoresis].

PMID- 13681516
TI  - Macroglobulinemia and myelomatosis.

PMID- 13681517
TI  - Methaemalbuminemia caused by intraperitoneal haemorrhage.

PMID- 13681518
TI  - [Experimental studies on the problem of anaphylactic contraction of the bronchi
      in guinea pigs].

PMID- 13681519
TI  - [Contemporary data on the pathogenesis of bacterial neuroinfection].

PMID- 13681520
TI  - [On an additional color reaction for identifying ascorbic acid].

PMID- 13681521
TI  - [General observations on surgical convalescence].

PMID- 13681522
TI  - [Surgical convalescence].

PMID- 13681523
TI  - Ventilation of lungs in infant and adult rats and its responses to hypoxia.

PMID- 13681525
TI  - [Physiological regulation of the water content of the body and its evolution].

PMID- 13681524
TI  - Vagal inhibition of the heart in deep hypothermia.

PMID- 13681526
TI  - On the treatment of advanced slipping of the upper femoral epiphysis.

PMID- 13681527
TI  - [Unusual oncological case histories of the parotid: malignant melanoma and
      reticulosarcoma (in the light of 2 bioptic observations)].

PMID- 13681528
TI  - [Our experience in geriatrics with nialamide].

PMID- 13681529
TI  - Problems to be overcome in establishing an economic programme.

PMID- 13681530
TI  - [Note on the toxicity of MEL B in Trypanosoma rhodesiense sleeping sickness].

PMID- 13681531
TI  - Furaltadone in human Rhodesian sleeping sickness, Report of the first three
      cases.

PMID- 13681532
TI  - [Electrical reactions of the olfactory system].

PMID- 13681534
TI  - Is the prophylactic use of antiemetics in surgical patients justified?

PMID- 13681533
TI  - Internal chloride concentration and chloride efflux of frog muscle.

PMID- 13681535
TI  - Disposal of carbon dioxide from devices used for inhalational anesthesia.

PMID- 13681536
TI  - Some new anesthetic agents.

PMID- 13681537
TI  - [Motor defense reflexes in dogs after disconnection of the cortical ends of the
      analyzers].

PMID- 13681538
TI  - [On the connections and functions of the thalamic nuclei of the "non-specific"
      system].

PMID- 13681539
TI  - [Studies on the interrelationship between the analyzers in formation of motor
      food conditioned reflexes].

PMID- 13681540
TI  - [Wegener's granulomatosis (necrotic granulomatosis of the upper respiratory tract
      with disseminated necrotic vasculitis)].

PMID- 13681541
TI  - [A case of pylosclerosis with thrombosis].

PMID- 13681542
TI  - [Ventilorespiratory function in paracoccidioidomycosis with pulmonary
      localization].

PMID- 13681543
TI  - Perforated peptic ulcer presenting as acutely strangulated epigastric hernia.

PMID- 13681544
TI  - [Postoperative gonioscopy].

PMID- 13681545
TI  - Bleeding from esophageal varices: diagnostic considerations.

PMID- 13681546
TI  - Surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 13681547
TI  - Microcyst of Myxococcus xanthus. Chemical composition of the wall.

PMID- 13681548
TI  - [A focus of Leptospirosis canicola].

PMID- 13681549
TI  - [Rare case of hemangioma of the urinary bladder].

PMID- 13681550
TI  - [Gas chromatography in the production of stearin].

PMID- 13681551
TI  - [Supplement to the study of the embryology of Ornithodorus moubata (Murray)].

PMID- 13681552
TI  - [The content of fluorine in the water of water-supply sources of the Kol'sky
      Peninsula and dental caries of school children].

PMID- 13681553
TI  - [Change in the tonus of the lungs during partial bronchostenosis].

PMID- 13681554
TI  - [Hormetonic syndrome in cysticercosis of the brain].

PMID- 13681555
TI  - [On the problem of myocarditis in children, principally infants].

PMID- 13681556
TI  - [On the problem of staphylococcal diseases according to data of the patho
      anatomical department of the City Pediatric Clinical Hospital No. 1].

PMID- 13681557
TI  - To the question of the cerebral neuron division in the mammals.

PMID- 13681558
TI  - [A case of generalized moniliasis].

PMID- 13681559
TI  - [A case of torulosis in a 6-year-old boy].

PMID- 13681560
TI  - [On the effect of hydroflumethiazide on gastric secretion. (Preliminary report)].

PMID- 13681561
TI  - Predictive judgments of therapists and duration of stay in psychotherapy.

PMID- 13681562
TI  - The effects of isoxsuprine hydrochloride (Vasodilan) on chronic cerebral
      arteriosclerosis.

PMID- 13681563
TI  - In-service mental-health training for health visitors.

PMID- 13681564
TI  - [On the demonstration of anacidity of gastric juice using the gastrotest].

PMID- 13681565
TI  - Application of the periodic acid-Schiff procedure to tissue blocks.

PMID- 13681567
TI  - [Le Mesurier's cheiloplasty].

PMID- 13681566
TI  - [Effect of gamma rays on aqueous solutions of oxyhemoglobin].

PMID- 13681568
TI  - Maternal isosensitization to the red cell antigen U.

PMID- 13681569
TI  - Natriuresis and vascular tone in toxemia of pregnancy.

PMID- 13681570
TI  - [Subdural hydroma].

PMID- 13681571
TI  - [Epidural hematoma].

PMID- 13681572
TI  - Ossification of subdural hematoma. Report of two cases.

PMID- 13681573
TI  - [The effect of hypothermia on the development of acute radiation necrosis of the
      skin].

PMID- 13681574
TI  - [Acute radiation necrosis of the skin].

PMID- 13681575
TI  - The fine structure of the cilia from ctenophore swimming-plates.
AB  - The ctenophore swimming-plate has been examined with the electron microscope. It
      has been recognized as an association of long cilia in tight hexagonal packing.
      One of the directions of the hexagonal packing is parallel to the long edge of
      the swimming-plate and is perpendicular to the direction of the ciliary beat. All
      the cilia in the swimming-plate are identically oriented. The effective beat in
      the movement of the swimming-plate is directed towards the aboral pole of the
      animal, and this is also the side of the unpaired peripheral filament in all the
      cilia. The direction of the ciliary beat is fixed in relation to the position of
      the filaments of the cilia. The swimming-plate cilium differs from other types of
      cilia and flagella in having a filament arrangement that can be described as 9 +
      3 as opposed to the conventional 9 + 2 pattern. The central filaments appear in a
      group of two "tubular" filaments and an associated compact filament. The compact
      filament might have a supporting function. It has been called "midfilament." Two
      of the peripheral nine filaments (Fig. 1, Nos. 3 and 8) are joined to the ciliary
      membrane by means of slender lamellae, which divide the cilium into two unequal
      compartments. These lamellae have been called "compartmenting lamellae." Some
      observations of the arrangement of the compartmenting lamelae indicate that they
      function by cementing the cilia together in lateral rows. The cilia of the rows
      meet at a short distance from each other, leaving a gap of 30 A only. The meeting
      points are close to the termini of the compartmenting ridges. An electron-dense
      substance is sometimes seen bridging the gap. Some irregularities are noted with
      regard to the arrangement of the compartmenting lamellae particularly at the
      peripheral rows of cilia. In many cilia in these rows there are small vesicles
      beneath the ciliary membrane.

PMID- 13681576
TI  - [Problems in achieving safe flying altitudes. (Review of foreign literature)].

PMID- 13681577
TI  - [Technic of measuring pulmonary ventilation in respiration under increased
      pressure at high altitudes].

PMID- 13681578
TI  - [Change in pulmonary ventilation in respiration under excessive pressure at high
      altitudes].

PMID- 13681579
TI  - [Resection of the left lobe of the liver in adenoma].

PMID- 13681580
TI  - [Experience in the brigade method of work in a municipal polyclinic].

PMID- 13681581
TI  - [Causes of recurrent goiter, features of the operation and prevention].

PMID- 13681582
TI  - Israel--statistical highlights.

PMID- 13681583
TI  - [Restoration of conditioned reflexes in dogs after supercooling through the
      external tegmen of the head].

PMID- 13681584
TI  - [Restoration of conditioned reflexes in dogs after hypothermia].

PMID- 13681585
TI  - [Effects of aminazin and ethysine on conditioned reflexes in dogs].

PMID- 13681586
TI  - [On the significance of complement fixation reaction in clinical cutaneous
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 13681587
TI  - [Effect of combined antibacterial therapy on osteoarticular diseases in patients
      with skin tuberculosis].

PMID- 13681588
TI  - [On tuberculous etiology in sclerosis of bone fragments detected by
      roentgenological methods in cadavers of tuberculous subjects].

PMID- 13681590
TI  - Coronary artery disease in Geelong.

PMID- 13681589
TI  - [Oxyhemometry in mitral commissurotomy].

PMID- 13681591
TI  - [On the problem of capillary innervation of the autonomic ganglion stroma in the
      suprarenal plexus].

PMID- 13681592
TI  - [On the problem of reactive changes in the nervous apparatus of the human adrenal
      gland in pathological conditions].

PMID- 13681593
TI  - Nature of housefly sterols.

PMID- 13681594
TI  - Aqueous humour examination in granulomatous iridocyclitis.

PMID- 13681595
TI  - Dacryocystography in chronic dacryocystitis.

PMID- 13681596
TI  - Isolation and identification of 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone in adrenal venous
      plasma of normal dogs.

PMID- 13681597
TI  - [The development of EEG reactivity conditioned with age. Comparative study of 3
      groups of children of different ages].

PMID- 13681598
TI  - [Influence of total irradiation associated with hyperoxia on the development of
      Walker's experimental tumor].

PMID- 13681599
TI  - [Experimental research on the roentgen-irradiation of the diaphysis of a long
      bone during growth].

PMID- 13681600
TI  - [Filtration in radiodiagnosis. Radiographic and dosimetric research].

PMID- 13681601
TI  - [Considerations on the radiological differential diagnosis in 25 cases of
      gastroduodenal polyposis].

PMID- 13681602
TI  - [Comparative research on the action of some radioprotective substances in acute
      radiation sickness].

PMID- 13681603
TI  - Leukaemias induced in rats by extracts from human leukaemic tissue.

PMID- 13681604
TI  - [Leukemias in rats produced by extracts of various human leukemic tissues].

PMID- 13681605
TI  - [Remote results of surgical therapy in gastric cancer].

PMID- 13681606
TI  - [Argentaffin tumor (carcinoid) of the ovary].

PMID- 13681607
TI  - [Argentaffin tumor (carcinoid) of the small intestine associated with the
      development of acute gastric ulcers].

PMID- 13681608
TI  - [Features of wound healing during treatment with antibiotics].

PMID- 13681609
TI  - [Histochemical studies on desoxyribonucleic acid in the foci of necrosis].

PMID- 13681610
TI  - [On development of foci of extramedullary hematopoiesis at the sites of tissue
      injury in leukemias].

PMID- 13681612
TI  - Opportunities for professional growth through recruitment and training.
      Experience of the World Confederation for Physical Therapy.

PMID- 13681611
TI  - The zig-zag osteotomy.

PMID- 13681613
TI  - The cultural evening program.

PMID- 13681614
TI  - The mild hemophilias. Occult deficiencies of AHF, PTC and PTA frequently
      responsible for unexpected surgical bleeding.

PMID- 13681615
TI  - Polycythemia vera in childhood. Studies of iron kinetics with Fe59 and blood
      clotting factors.

PMID- 13681616
TI  - Physiological basis for transfusion therapy in hemorrhagic disorders: a critical
      review.

PMID- 13681617
TI  - A study of kleptomania with illustrative cases.

PMID- 13681618
TI  - [Influence of temperature and endocrine factors in the glycoregulation in Vipera
      aspis. Role of adrenaline].

PMID- 13681619
TI  - [2 cases of gastric lipoma].

PMID- 13681620
TI  - [Hashimoto's lymphoid goiter].

PMID- 13681621
TI  - [Experimental research on the revascularization of the brain of the dog by the
      venous route. Preliminary study on the circulation of the brain of the dog].

PMID- 13681622
TI  - [On restorative functions after irradiation of the organism].

PMID- 13681623
TI  - The synthesis of corticosteroids methylated at C-21.

PMID- 13681624
TI  - [Clinical contribution on eclamptic amaurosis].

PMID- 13681625
TI  - [On 2 cases of vitreous hemorrhages caused by shock].

PMID- 13681626
TI  - Gallstone ileus.

PMID- 13681627
TI  - [Simple and precise technic for the evaluation of proteinograms by paper
      electrophoresis].

PMID- 13681628
TI  - [Automatic determination of ammonia nitrogen in mineralized samples].

PMID- 13681629
TI  - Medical records. The indispensable card file system.

PMID- 13681630
TI  - [Observations and research on titration of antipoliomyelitic neutralizing
      antibodies carried out with various systems].

PMID- 13681631
TI  - [On the titration of antipoliomyelitic neutralizing antibodies. Possibilities of
      tracing the curve of action of serums].

PMID- 13681632
TI  - [On the efficiency of some media for the colimetry of waters on filter
      membranes].

PMID- 13681633
TI  - Carcinoma of the liver. A report on 31 cases.

PMID- 13681634
TI  - Tumoral calcinosis. A radiologic teaching method.

PMID- 13681635
TI  - Welland County General Hospital--no occupied basement rooms.

PMID- 13681636
TI  - A clinical evaluation of four antidepressant drugs (nardil, tofranil, marplan,
      and deprol).

PMID- 13681637
TI  - Culture deprivation and mental illness.

PMID- 13681638
TI  - [Fever caused by inhalation of dust of mother-of-pearl].

PMID- 13681639
TI  - [On a case, with unusual course, of a vesico-intestinal fistula secondary to
      vesical neoplasms caused by beta-naphthylamine].

PMID- 13681640
TI  - [Direction and velocity of propagation of the excitation in the ventricular wall
      of the rabbit heart].

PMID- 13681641
TI  - [The electrogram derived from the ventricular wall of the rabbit heart by dipolar
      leads].

PMID- 13681642
TI  - [The electrogram derived with monopolar procedure from the ventricular wall of
      the rabbit heart].

PMID- 13681643
TI  - [The flow of cardiac action currents in the ventricular wall of the rabbit
      heart].

PMID- 13681644
TI  - [Polygraphic analysis of the effects induced by strychnine on the electrical
      activity of the isolated rabbit heart].

PMID- 13681645
TI  - [The antagonistic action of hydroquinidine and of acetylcholine on the terminal
      conduction of the mammal auricle].

PMID- 13681646
TI  - [Isolation of infectious antigens from poliomyelitis virus preparations].

PMID- 13681647
TI  - [Transfer of glucose into the cells in tissue cultures].

PMID- 13681648
TI  - Studies on the metabolism of Echinococcus granulosus. IV. Enzymes of the pentose
      phosphate pathway.

PMID- 13681649
TI  - Studies on the metabolism of Echinococcus granulosus. V. The phosphopentose
      isomerase of hydatid cyst scolices.

PMID- 13681650
TI  - Intermediary carbohydrate metabolism of Triatoma infestans (Insecta; Hemiptera)
      I. Glycolytic and pentose phosphate pathway enzymes and the effect of DDT.

PMID- 13681652
TI  - [Observations on postoperative hiccup and causal treatment of a frequent form].

PMID- 13681653
TI  - [Recent advances in renal diseases of surgical interest. I].

PMID- 13681654
TI  - [Recent advances in the pathology and clinical treatment of surgical renal
      diseases. II].

PMID- 13681655
TI  - [First therapeutic experiences with xenalamine in dermatology].

PMID- 13681656
TI  - [On vascular hamartias of the liver of the newborn (anomalous venous vessel,
      ectasic, mostly concamerations, communicating with branches of the left trunk of
      the portal vein and affluents of the left hepatic vein].

PMID- 13681658
TI  - [Value of seminal cytology].

PMID- 13681657
TI  - Toxic fatty liver in adrenalectomized rats.

PMID- 13681659
TI  - [Ganser's symptom, lasting 3 years, in a head-injured patient].

PMID- 13681660
TI  - [Grave allergy medicamentosa caused by iproniazid (case report)].

PMID- 13681661
TI  - Effect of heparin on circulating Walker carcinosarcoma 256 cells.

PMID- 13681662
TI  - Effect of human fibrinolysin on hepatic metastases in simulated colon carcinoma
      in rats.

PMID- 13681663
TI  - [An unusual case of cholesterinic granuloma].

PMID- 13681664
TI  - [A case of chorioepithelioma appearing in menopause].

PMID- 13681665
TI  - [On fatty degeneration of the tubes].

PMID- 13681666
TI  - [Resistance of the airway during respiration to negative pressure].

PMID- 13681667
TI  - Abdominal and thoracic pressures at different lung volumes.

PMID- 13681668
TI  - [The abdominal component in the pressure-volume curve of the thorax].

PMID- 13681670
TI  - [Left cardiac catheterization by auricular trans-septal route].

PMID- 13681669
TI  - Electromyography of the diaphragm in man and transdiaphragmatic pressure.

PMID- 13681671
TI  - [Treatment of coronary insufficiency with 2,6-bis(diethanolamino)-4,8
      dipiperidino-pyrimido-(5,4-d)-pyrimidine].

PMID- 13681672
TI  - [Advisability of tracheotomy in edematous vestibulolaryngeal disorders].

PMID- 13681673
TI  - [Analgesia in otorhinolaryngological surgery in pediatric patients].

PMID- 13681675
TI  - A criticism of health programme in the third five year plan.

PMID- 13681674
TI  - Insensitivity of erythrocyte catalase to substances that depress liver catalase.

PMID- 13681676
TI  - [Phage of a thermophilic micromonospore--Micromonospora vulgaris].

PMID- 13681677
TI  - Cytochemical demonstration of a varied linkage of nuclear RNA during growth and
      division.

PMID- 13681678
TI  - Influence of polyvalent ions on histones isolated from different tissues.

PMID- 13681679
TI  - [On the history of war neuroses].

PMID- 13681681
TI  - [Hygiene].

PMID- 13681680
TI  - [Hygiene].

PMID- 13681682
TI  - [Hygiene].

PMID- 13681683
TI  - [Hygiene].

PMID- 13681685
TI  - [Hygiene].

PMID- 13681684
TI  - [Hygiene].

PMID- 13681686
TI  - [Hygiene].

PMID- 13681688
TI  - [Hygiene].

PMID- 13681687
TI  - [Hygiene].

PMID- 13681689
TI  - [Hygiene].

PMID- 13681690
TI  - The presence of acid-soluble uridine-phosphate-linked peptides in extracts of
      rabbit livers. I. Isolation and identification.

PMID- 13681691
TI  - The normal vibrocardiogram. Physiologic variations and relation to cardiodynamic
      events.

PMID- 13681692
TI  - The analysis and interpretation of the vibrations of the heart, as a diagnostic
      tool and physiological monitor.

PMID- 13681693
TI  - Evaluation of enzyme tests in the diagnosis of heart disease.

PMID- 13681694
TI  - [Paralytic crises in myasthenia gravis].

PMID- 13681695
TI  - [The effects of prolonged antibiotic therapy and of infestation by fungi on the
      differentiation of lung tumors].

PMID- 13681696
TI  - [On connective neoplasms: sarcoma of the breast (anatomo-pathological and
      clinical contribution)].

PMID- 13681698
TI  - [Considerations on a clinico-statistical study on the incidence of association of
      various deliriant conditions].

PMID- 13681697
TI  - [On the clinical application in general surgery of a new antibiotic of the
      tetracycline series].

PMID- 13681699
TI  - [On treatment with promazine hydrochloride in chronic psychopathics].

PMID- 13681700
TI  - [The Giuntini-Solimei nail with screw in the treatment of fractures of the femur
      neck].

PMID- 13681701
TI  - [Nylon nailing and fixation in the treatment of oblique diaphysial fractures of
      the long bones].

PMID- 13681702
TI  - [Discussions of the plague in a book of Andrea Graziolo, a physician of the 16th
      century].

PMID- 13681703
TI  - [Physiopathology of gastric resection. Organic and deficiency syndromes].

PMID- 13681704
TI  - [A microscope-spectrofluorimeter for the ultraviolet field].

PMID- 13681705
TI  - [Staphylococcal pneumopathy in children. Analysis of 30 cases].

PMID- 13681706
TI  - [Official discussion of the article of Professor Dexeus Fonte on the "Influence
      of obstetrical management on perinatal mortality"].

PMID- 13681707
TI  - [Anemias in obstetrics].

PMID- 13681708
TI  - [Rupture of the marginal sinus of the placenta].

PMID- 13681709
TI  - [Fetal masculinization produced by sex steroids administered during pregnancy].

PMID- 13681710
TI  - [Progress in obstetrics].

PMID- 13681711
TI  - [Congenital unique kidney].

PMID- 13681712
TI  - [Pulmonary aspergillosis (information concerning 2 cases)].

PMID- 13681713
TI  - [Eosinophilia in Robles' disease (onchocercosis)].

PMID- 13681714
TI  - [Nonspecific proctitis].

PMID- 13681715
TI  - [Brief plan for integral aid for infants in the city of Buenos Aires].

PMID- 13681716
TI  - [Medico-social aims of pediatrics and puericulture. What the country demands.
      Statistics and infantile demophylaxis].

PMID- 13681717
TI  - [Nosocomial aspects of dehydration].

PMID- 13681718
TI  - [Teaching of pediatrics].

PMID- 13681719
TI  - [Tuberculosis recurrences after medico-surgical collapse therapy and after
      resections. II. Tuberculosis recurrences after thoracoplasty. Influence of
      chemoantibiotics].

PMID- 13681720
TI  - [Corticosteroids and thoracic surgery].

PMID- 13681721
TI  - [Tuberculosis recurrences after medico-surgical collapse therapy and after
      resections. I. General introduction and recurrences after extrapleural
      pneumothorax].

PMID- 13681722
TI  - [Tuberculosis recurrences after medico-surgical collapse therapy and after
      resections. III. Tuberculosis recurrences after resections. Influence of chemo
      antibiotics].

PMID- 13681723
TI  - Intervertebral disk disease caused by the Brucella organism.

PMID- 13681724
TI  - Aminoglutethimide in the treatment of epilepsy.

PMID- 13681725
TI  - [Left superior vena cava. Presentation of 42 cases].

PMID- 13681726
TI  - [Study on the salaries of physicians in state service].

PMID- 13681727
TI  - [2d clinical attack of tetanus. Apropos of a case].

PMID- 13681728
TI  - Campaign against mental disorders of organic origin in the children of Guatemala

PMID- 13681729
TI  - [Functional status of the endometrium in patients with amenorrhea and tuberculous
      endometritis].

PMID- 13681730
TI  - [Preliminary report on antipoliomyelitis vaccination in Guatemala].

PMID- 13681731
TI  - Guatemala: determination, evaluation and rating of disabilities.

PMID- 13681732
TI  - [Chronic maculo-pigmentary erythema caused by simple capillaritis. Atypical
      erythemas].

PMID- 13681733
TI  - [Localized ecchymotic purpura caused by thiouracil and diphenylhydantoin].

PMID- 13681734
TI  - [Riehl's melanosis of emotional origin in a female patient with generalized
      vitiligo].

PMID- 13681735
TI  - [Histopathological changes of the cervix in pregnancy].

PMID- 13681736
TI  - [Diagnosis of cervico-uterine cancer in situ].

PMID- 13681737
TI  - [Bronchiolitis as a factor in acute obstructive emphysema in children].

PMID- 13681738
TI  - [The surgical works of Antonio MONRAVA y ROCA].

PMID- 13681739
TI  - [Emergency proctological problems].

PMID- 13681740
TI  - [Contribution to the study of hepatorenal polycystosis (based on observation of 4
      cases)].

PMID- 13681741
TI  - [Pulmonary sarcoidosis complicated by recurrent spontaneous pneumothroax].

PMID- 13681742
TI  - [Staphylococcal pneumopathy secondary to a cutaneous anthrax].

PMID- 13681743
TI  - [Dupuytren's disease as an occupational disease].

PMID- 13681744
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the results of oral cholecystography and intravenous
      cholegraphy].

PMID- 13681745
TI  - Shunsennia gracilis, a new species of Trombiculid mite from Korea (Acarina,
      Trombiculidae).

PMID- 13681746
TI  - Emphysema pneumoconioses and compensation. A panel discussion.

PMID- 13681747
TI  - A case of osteopetrosis (Albers-Schonberg) with intercurrent Pneumocystis
      pneumonitis.

PMID- 13681748
TI  - [Protection of the male gonads in telecobalt therapy].

PMID- 13681749
TI  - [Knocking and ringing hallucinations].

PMID- 13681750
TI  - [Hazards of silicosis in steel foundries and their prevention by use of olivine
      sand. An important progress in prophylaxis].

PMID- 13681751
TI  - [Research and instruction in industrial hygiene in Sweden].

PMID- 13681752
TI  - Liver mast cell counts during development of cirrhosis of the liver in rats on a
      low protein, high fat diet.

PMID- 13681753
TI  - Observations on inflammatory changes in dietary cirrhosis of the liver in rats.

PMID- 13681754
TI  - [Hearing disorders and care of the hard-of-hearing].

PMID- 13681755
TI  - Effect of sex hormones on Ehrlich mouse ascites cancer.

PMID- 13681756
TI  - [Problems concerning viruses and cancer].

PMID- 13681757
TI  - Effect of biotin deficiency on the synthesis of nucleic acids and protein by
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 13681758
TI  - The effects of gallamine, carbachol, nicotine, ryanodine and protoveratrine A and
      B upon flux of calcium-47 in frog skeletal muscle.

PMID- 13681759
TI  - The effects of tubocurarine, decamethonium, suxamethonium, edrophonium and
      neostigmine upon flux of calcium-47 in frog skeletal muscle.

PMID- 13681760
TI  - Studies on baker's yeasts of East Pakistan. II.

PMID- 13681761
TI  - Irreducibility and strangulation in oblique indirect inguinal hernia: a new
      concept of its aetiology and pathology (with 12 case reports).

PMID- 13681762
TI  - Cut penis: a short case of reconstruction.

PMID- 13681763
TI  - Production of biologically active compounds by isolated lichenized fungi.
AB  - Fungi which were separated from their lichenized associations and cultured
      independently produced several unusual and highly pigmented compounds. Certain of
      these compounds exhibited marked inhibitory activity against test strains of gram
      positive bacteria and free-living molds; others showed a growth stimulatory
      effect on selected bacterial species.

PMID- 13681764
TI  - Filariasis.

PMID- 13681765
TI  - Pseudo-pseudohypoparathyroidism. A report of two cases.

PMID- 13681766
TI  - Kinetics of placental alkaline phosphatase.

PMID- 13681767
TI  - Tobacco smoking, the electrocardiogram, and angina pectoris.

PMID- 13681768
TI  - Non-iodide radioactivity in commercial solutions of sodium radio-iodide (I-131).

PMID- 13681769
TI  - Congenital Letterer-Siwe disease (reticuloendotheliosis) in a term stillborn
      infant.

PMID- 13681770
TI  - Chromosome breakage induced by electrolytically produced free radicals.

PMID- 13681771
TI  - On the prolonged influence of gonadal hormones and of a diet with a high Ca/P
      ratio on bone in the rat.

PMID- 13681772
TI  - Effect of a mechanical abdominal stress on adrenal cortex. A comparison between
      the effects of ligation of the upper and lower part of the gastrointestinal
      tract.

PMID- 13681773
TI  - Production of anti-antibodies in rabbits.

PMID- 13681774
TI  - A normal series for rheumatoid serology collected by random sampling.

PMID- 13681775
TI  - [Auxiliary implement for paretic hands].

PMID- 13681776
TI  - The effect of hypothalamic lesions on acute and chronic stress reaction.

PMID- 13681777
TI  - Community-based home care programs.

PMID- 13681778
TI  - [Lymph node findings after the Wertheim-Meigs operation].

PMID- 13681779
TI  - [Effect of ganglionic-blocking substances on the galvanic skin reflex and EEG].

PMID- 13681780
TI  - Interpretation of the limp.

PMID- 13681781
TI  - [On the composition of slimy substances. 2. Determination of the constituents of
      the slimy substances of the flowers of Malva silvestris].

PMID- 13681782
TI  - [Experimental analysis of the first hours of choledochal obstruction].

PMID- 13681783
TI  - A human mosaic involving eye and hair color differences.

PMID- 13681784
TI  - [Obstetric hemorrhages caused by blood incoagulability].

PMID- 13681786
TI  - [Preserved purslane as a cause of botulism].

PMID- 13681785
TI  - Histology of the liver in congenital heart disease.

PMID- 13681787
TI  - A note on the residual foci of malaria transmission encountered in the course of
      experimental surveillance operations in Coorg District of Mysore State.

PMID- 13681788
TI  - The effects of stimulant and depressant drugs on the Bidwell phenomenon.

PMID- 13681789
TI  - [Acute encephalopathies caused by hyponatremia and hypernatremia].

PMID- 13681790
TI  - [Pleuropulmonary staphylococcal infections].

PMID- 13681791
TI  - Portal vascular changes in human bilharzial cirrhosis.

PMID- 13681792
TI  - Japanese B encephalitis: a case report from New York and a brief review of the
      literature.

PMID- 13681793
TI  - The effect of sea water on cytochrome oxidase and oxidative phosphorylation.

PMID- 13681794
TI  - An improved trocar for aseptic decompression of obstructed small bowel.

PMID- 13681795
TI  - [The significance of early diagnosis and early treatment of congenital hip
      dislocation].

PMID- 13681796
TI  - Placental transfer and fetal tissue uptake of Mg28 in the rabbit.

PMID- 13681797
TI  - Effect of cortisone on magnesium metabolism in the rabbit.

PMID- 13681798
TI  - Effect of alloxan-induced diabetes on magnesium metabolism in rabbits.

PMID- 13681799
TI  - Effect of thyroxine and propylthiouracil on magnesium metabolism in the rabbit.
      Study with Mg. 28.

PMID- 13681800
TI  - A method of securing tubing connections in cardiopulmonary bypass equipment.

PMID- 13681801
TI  - Anal surgery in military practice: report on the use of extensive anal
      sphincterotomy.

PMID- 13681802
TI  - Patent ductus arteriosus in the aged. Report of this disease in a 74-year-old
      female.

PMID- 13681803
TI  - Use of intracath in spontaneous pneumothorax.

PMID- 13681804
TI  - [A new anticoagulant: sintrom].

PMID- 13681805
TI  - [Hypoglycemias].

PMID- 13681806
TI  - [The hypoglycemias].

PMID- 13681807
TI  - [Experimental portacaval encephalopathy in the dog. Clinical data].

PMID- 13681808
TI  - [Results of sleep therapy associated with psychotherapy in 10 cases of Gilles de
      la Tourette disease].

PMID- 13681809
TI  - [Action of a hepatic preparation with high concentration of B-12 in 2 twins with
      hemolytic disease].

PMID- 13681810
TI  - [Influence on the growth of premature infants and of dystrophic infants of an
      anabolic steroid administered by oral route].

PMID- 13681812
TI  - The use of newer psychiatric drugs in medical practice. Their specificity of
      action in relation to target symptoms and dynamic situation.

PMID- 13681811
TI  - Megaloblastic anaemia following operations on the small intestine.

PMID- 13681813
TI  - Shellac bezoar.

PMID- 13681814
TI  - The effect of Pseudomonas pyrogen on survival of irradiated mice.

PMID- 13681815
TI  - The effect of Proteus morganii endotoxin on radiation mortality in mice.

PMID- 13681816
TI  - Storage and retrieval of biological information.

PMID- 13681817
TI  - Training in mycology.

PMID- 13681818
TI  - Pathological changes in temporal arteries removed from unselected cadavers.
AB  - Progressive degenerative changes in ageing temporal arteries are described. These
      changes are usually severe in elderly patients, hence their presence in
      diagnostic biopsies provides no evidence of temporal arteritis past or present.
      In two patients in the series of random necropsies examined there were changes in
      the temporal arteries identical with those seen in patients known to have
      suffered from temporal arteritis in the past; in both these cases there was, in
      addition a giant cell aortitis. The distinction between healed arteritis and
      degenerative changes due to age in a single biopsy specimen may be difficult.
      Furthermore, it is possible that steroid treatment may arrest the progress of the
      disease so that gross intimal thickening and vascularization of the artery wall
      do not occur. Giant cell arteritis is not a rare disease. Two examples were
      discovered in 39 random necropsies on patients over 60 years of age.

PMID- 13681820
TI  - [On the problem of the reactivity of rabbits with implanted Brown-Pearce tumors
      and vaccinated with live antitularemia vaccines].

PMID- 13681819
TI  - Giant-cell aortitis with rupture of the aorta.

PMID- 13681821
TI  - [On physiological mechanisms of the spatial analysis].

PMID- 13681822
TI  - [On the susceptibility of baby rabbits to the virus of swine plague].

PMID- 13681824
TI  - Modern concepts on the value of EEG in epilepsy.

PMID- 13681823
TI  - Karl Gunnar Vilhelm WOHLFART. March 9, 1910-March 23, 1961.

PMID- 13681825
TI  - [Physiological correspondence in neurologic diseases].

PMID- 13681826
TI  - [Some experiences from work of the Armash rural medical district].

PMID- 13681827
TI  - Some aspects of fungal bioluminescence.

PMID- 13681828
TI  - Studies on normal and neoplastic mitochondria. I. Respiration.

PMID- 13681829
TI  - Studies on normal and neoplastic mitochondria. II. Phosphorylation.

PMID- 13681830
TI  - Osteoma of the mandible. Report of a case.

PMID- 13681831
TI  - Ameloblastoma arising within a globulomaxillary cyst.

PMID- 13681832
TI  - Art work gives pavilion an elegant air.

PMID- 13681833
TI  - Neurologic briefs: neurologic manifestations of biochemical and metabolic
      disorders (in the adult).

PMID- 13681834
TI  - Neurologic manifestations of endocrine disorders. II.

PMID- 13681835
TI  - Neurologic manifestations of endocrine disorders.

PMID- 13681836
TI  - Neurologic manifestations of endocrine disorders.

PMID- 13681837
TI  - New life for general practice through continuing education. A review of present
      day postgraduate education with comments and a description of a new method.

PMID- 13681838
TI  - Frank Roberts OBER, M.D. 1881-1960.

PMID- 13681839
TI  - Hazards to health: etiology of traumatic amputations in children.

PMID- 13681840
TI  - Management of the child amputee.

PMID- 13681842
TI  - [Benign tumors of the testes (2 observations)].

PMID- 13681841
TI  - Neuron size and neuron population density in the lumbosacral region of the cat's
      spinal cord.

PMID- 13681843
TI  - [Partial excision of the kidney in tuberculous lesions].

PMID- 13681844
TI  - Clinical evaluation of chlordiazepoxide.

PMID- 13681845
TI  - [Lipoproteins and atherogenesis].

PMID- 13681846
TI  - Intracellular distribution of ubiquinone in rat liver under certain stress
      conditions.

PMID- 13681847
TI  - Studies on the protease inhibitor in human blood. II. Zone electrophoresis
      studies on protease inhibitor in human blood.

PMID- 13681849
TI  - [Muscular atrophy: advances in and summary of diagnosis].

PMID- 13681848
TI  - Studies on the protease inhibitor in human blood. III. Clinical evaluation of the
      inhibitor in various skin diseases.

PMID- 13681850
TI  - Cerebral sclerosis and cerebral circulation.

PMID- 13681851
TI  - Cerebral circulation in cerebrovascular disease.

PMID- 13681852
TI  - The effect in vivo and in vitro of estrogens on lipid synthesis in the rat
      uterus.

PMID- 13681854
TI  - [Comparison of antimicrobial effect of certain groups of stains with their effect
      on cancer cells in Ehrlich adenocarcinoma in vitro].

PMID- 13681853
TI  - [Sensitivit of Ehrlich cancer cells to dyes].

PMID- 13681855
TI  - [On the problem of patho-anatomical changes in myoclonus epilepsy].

PMID- 13681856
TI  - [The combination of adenomatosis and tuberculosis of the lungs].

PMID- 13681857
TI  - [Contribution to the problem of the pathogenesis in 3 cases of cardiospasm].

PMID- 13681858
TI  - [Piperazine. Its uses as urico-solvent and anthelmintic; chemistry; pharmacoloy;
      toxicology; interpretation of its mechanism of action].

PMID- 13681859
TI  - Studies on the occurrence of Histoplasma capsulatum in Peru.

PMID- 13681860
TI  - Amboni Caves, Tanganyika, a new endemic area for Histoplasma capsulatum.

PMID- 13681861
TI  - [Anatomo-arteriographic aspects of the kidney in normal and pathological
      conditions].

PMID- 13681863
TI  - Observations on the epidemiology of histoplasmosis.

PMID- 13681862
TI  - Isolation of Nocardia brasiliensis from a cat with a review of its prevalence and
      geographic distribution.

PMID- 13681864
TI  - [On the presence of inclusions in the cells of Sticker tumors].

PMID- 13681865
TI  - Technique for avoiding stricture following urethral meatotomy.

PMID- 13681866
TI  - [Contribution to the study of Friedeich's disease].

PMID- 13681867
TI  - [A case of Panocoast-Tobias syndrome].

PMID- 13681868
TI  - The biochemistry and physiology of the plague murine toxin.

PMID- 13681869
TI  - Pathologic findings in patients with "centrencephalic" electroencephalographic
      patterns.

PMID- 13681870
TI  - Contributory factors to incidence of infections diseases in the pre-school child.

PMID- 13681871
TI  - [Apropos of some problems caused by apraxia in dementias].

PMID- 13681872
TI  - [Apropos of some problems posed by apraxia in dementia].

PMID- 13681873
TI  - [Contribution to the study of sequels of cranial trauma].

PMID- 13681874
TI  - [Studies on the nutrition and physique of the Japanese. I. Relation between
      physique and economic status of the family].

PMID- 13681875
TI  - [The effect of long term administration of cod liver oil on the physical growth
      of schol children. Studies on nutrition and physique. 2].

PMID- 13681876
TI  - [Studies on the relation between mental and physical work load and urinary
      excretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline. 1. Methods for separation and
      estimation of adrenaline and noradrenaline in small amounts of urine].

PMID- 13681877
TI  - [Blood glutathione levels in schizophrenic patients].

PMID- 13681878
TI  - [The glutathione metabolism of rat cerebral cortex slices].

PMID- 13681879
TI  - [Determination of asparagine and glutamine residues in Taka-amylase A].

PMID- 13681880
TI  - [On the knowledge of the biological activity of the leaves and fruit of Rhamnus
      fallax Boiss].

PMID- 13681881
TI  - [Experimental studies on the hepatic transaminase activity with special reference
      to hormone influence].

PMID- 13681883
TI  - [Surgical treatment of cancer of the esophagus].

PMID- 13681882
TI  - [Surgical studies on radiocardiography].

PMID- 13681884
TI  - [A case of chronic idiopathic jaundice].

PMID- 13681885
TI  - The quantitative determination of arginine.

PMID- 13681886
TI  - Studies on the amino acids present in yeast RNA in bound form. II. Liberation of
      amino acids from RNA by alkaline treatment.

PMID- 13681887
TI  - [Studies on the action of streptolysin O in accelerating capillary permeability.
      2. Effect of several drugs on the capillary permeability-accelerating action of
      streptolysin O].

PMID- 13681888
TI  - [Studies on the effects of streptolysin O on capillary permeability in the
      rabbit].

PMID- 13681889
TI  - [On quantitative relationship between phosphatase activity, pathogenic properties
      and pencillin resistance in Staphylococcus].

PMID- 13681890
TI  - [On regularities in complex immunization with sorbed oedematiens and tetanus
      toxoids].

PMID- 13681891
TI  - Chromatographic isolation of pure ipomeamarone and reinvestigation on its
      chemical properties.

PMID- 13681893
TI  - [Observations on pruritic dermatoses caused by the tick Dermatophagoides].

PMID- 13681892
TI  - Cirrhosis of the liver with special reference to intravenous liver extract
      therapy.

PMID- 13681894
TI  - Anaphylaxis in the dog.

PMID- 13681895
TI  - [The dynamics of ocular dark adaptation in glaucoma].

PMID- 13681896
TI  - Oxygen regeneration and synthesis of carbohydrates during manned flight in space.

PMID- 13681897
TI  - Observations on central regulation of body temperature and of food and water
      intake in the pigeon (Columba livia).

PMID- 13681898
TI  - [Contribution to the problem of pain control and spasmolysis in obstetrics and
      gynecology].

PMID- 13681899
TI  - [The use of Buscopan compositum in performing of curettages].

PMID- 13681900
TI  - [Central effects on muscle activity].

PMID- 13681901
TI  - Learned behavior of Rhesus monkeys following neonatal bilateral prefrontal
      lobotomy.
AB  - Bilateral ablation of dorsolateral frontal cortex in the newborn animal failed to
      produce the frontal lobe syndrome typical of the adolescent and adult stages. The
      crucial tests (delayed response, string tests, and discrimination learning) were
      performed 3 to 4 months postoperatively. At this time, no significant differences
      between normal animals and animals with prefrontal lesions were found.

PMID- 13681902
TI  - The subfornical organ in mammals. I. Comparative and topographical anatomy.

PMID- 13681904
TI  - On the microheterogeneity of horse myoglobin.

PMID- 13681903
TI  - Life span of myoglobin.

PMID- 13681905
TI  - Medical record consultant in a small hospital.

PMID- 13681906
TI  - [3 cases of jaundice related to Nozinan treatment].

PMID- 13681907
TI  - [Psychological diagnosis of the mentally retarded].

PMID- 13681908
TI  - [Medical treatment of chronic cardiac decompensation].

PMID- 13681909
TI  - The comparative anatomy of the respiratory pathways in the domestic fowl (Gallus
      domesticus), pigeon (Columbia livia) and domestic duck (Anas platyrhyncha).

PMID- 13681910
TI  - Nursing training of the health visitor.

PMID- 13681911
TI  - [A study of the ripening of meat and various by-products of slaughtered buffalo].

PMID- 13681912
TI  - [On the extraction of needles from the heart and lungs].

PMID- 13681913
TI  - [Results of therapy of patients with tuberculosis of the lungs with antibacterial
      preparations with and without krizanol].

PMID- 13681914
TI  - [Muscular chronaxy in patients with cerebral hemiplegia of vascular origin].

PMID- 13681915
TI  - [The effect of hypophysectomy on reactivity of the body in diptheria
      intoxication].

PMID- 13681916
TI  - [The use of thin-layer chromatography for separation of steroid compounds].

PMID- 13681917
TI  - [A study of the serum proteins by the method of paper electrophoresis in patients
      with endemic goiter and echinococcosis].

PMID- 13681918
TI  - [Adenoma of the insular apparatus of the pancreas (Hyperinsulinism)].

PMID- 13681919
TI  - [On the problem of toxic granulation of the neutrophils in acute suppurative
      diseases and sepsis].

PMID- 13681920
TI  - [An experiment on the design of typewriters and performance. 1].

PMID- 13681921
TI  - On the mechanism of the development of multiple-drug-resistant clones of
      Shigella.

PMID- 13681922
TI  - Pharmacotherapy in narcolepsy.

PMID- 13681923
TI  - [Neurological studies on the effect of chlorpromazine and reserpine on the
      electrical activity of the brain in rabbits].

PMID- 13681924
TI  - Clinical experiences with MAO inhibitors.

PMID- 13681926
TI  - [Electrokymography (review of the literature and analysis of our data)].

PMID- 13681925
TI  - [A study of improving BCG vaccine for the scarification method. An observation on
      school children].

PMID- 13681927
TI  - [Electrokymography in the healthy subject].

PMID- 13681928
TI  - [The clinical significance of electrokymography in the diagnosis of tricuspid
      stenosis].

PMID- 13681929
TI  - [The effect of transfusion with cationized blood on hemodynamics, blood proteins
      and phagocyte activity of the leukocytes in blood loss].

PMID- 13681931
TI  - A case of the late symptoms of the postgastrectomy syndrome.

PMID- 13681930
TI  - [Electron microscopic study on retina. I. On the visual cells and retinal pigment
      epithelium of the mouse].

PMID- 13681932
TI  - Hypoglycemic symptoms following gastrectomy. (Succeeding report).

PMID- 13681934
TI  - [Anatomical study of the orbit and its contents in albino rat].

PMID- 13681933
TI  - [Bilateral testicular tumors caused by leukemic infiltration].

PMID- 13681935
TI  - [Studies on antistreptolysin O in childhood. 1. Antistreptolysin O values in
      normal children].

PMID- 13681936
TI  - [Studies on antistreptolysin O in childhood. 2. Antistreptolysin O value in
      respiratory tract diseases, scarlet fever, and kidney diseases].

PMID- 13681937
TI  - [Studies on antistreptolysin-O in childhood. 3. Antistreptolysin-O value and C
      reactive protein in infantile rheumatic fever, and anti-streptolysin value in 2
      or 3 seemingly unrelated children's diseases with hemolytic streptococci].

PMID- 13681938
TI  - [Studies on Salmonella infection in chicks. 2. Observation on chicks hatched from
      eggs artificially infected with S. pullorum and S. senftenberg].

PMID- 13681939
TI  - [Studies on Salmonella infections in chicks. 1. With reference to cases of
      natural infection].

PMID- 13681940
TI  - [Hygienic determination of air pollution in a combustible shale industry region].

PMID- 13681941
TI  - [On the association of tuberculosis of the spleen with thrombocytopenic purpura].

PMID- 13681942
TI  - [On certain morphological and functional properties of the blood in patients with
      essential polycythemia].

PMID- 13681943
TI  - [Experience with the use of the blood from patients with polycythemia for the
      transfusion in some diseases of the blood system].

PMID- 13681944
TI  - [A case of urethroplasty from scrotal skin in total loss of penis].

PMID- 13681945
TI  - [Determination of the content of iron included in the erythrocytes with the aid
      of gamma rays of Fe59].

PMID- 13681946
TI  - [Pharmacological characteristics of quateleron].

PMID- 13681947
TI  - [Experience in the treatment of patients with vitiligo with Soviet Psoralen].

PMID- 13681948
TI  - [Present status and prospects of our knowledge on treponematoses].

PMID- 13681949
TI  - [Propiomazine (Propavan)- a new hypnotic of the phenothiazine group].

PMID- 13681950
TI  - [Thyrotoxicosis and psychosis].

PMID- 13681951
TI  - Growth behavior of the rabies virus in a glioblastomatous tumor induced with
      methylcholanthrene in mice.

PMID- 13681952
TI  - [Status of blood protein-bound carbohydrates in schizophrenics].

PMID- 13681953
TI  - A cerebral glioma of mixed structure.

PMID- 13681954
TI  - [The antidepressive drugs and their effect on glucose metabolism].

PMID- 13681955
TI  - [The state of blood circulation and respiration during clinical recovery of
      cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13681956
TI  - [Vitamin B6 metabolism in patients with blood diseases].

PMID- 13681957
TI  - [Some data on the functional state of the liver in multiple sclerosis].

PMID- 13681958
TI  - [The role of the viscosity of the blood in the pathogenesis of transitory
      disorders of the brain blood supply].

PMID- 13681959
TI  - The thalassaemia syndromes. II. Intermediate type of Cooley's anaemia. Study of a
      family.

PMID- 13681960
TI  - [Thalassemia syndrome, Genetic studies, using starch gel electrophoresis, of 2
      families with Cooley's anemia of an intermediate type].

PMID- 13681961
TI  - The thalassaemia syndromes. I. Thalassaemia minor with large amount of fetal
      haemoglobin. Study of a family.

PMID- 13681962
TI  - [Starch gel electrophoresis of high fetal hemoglobin familial thalassemia minor
      and various genetic hypotheses].

PMID- 13681963
TI  - Hemoglobin S in Eti-Turks and the Allewits in Lebanon.

PMID- 13681964
TI  - [Hemoglobin E syndromes. I. Hemoglobin E trait in Southern Turkey].

PMID- 13681965
TI  - [Hemoglobin E syndromes. II. Sickle cell-hemoglobin E disease].

PMID- 13681966
TI  - [Antigens common to the Candida and Salmonella-Arizona].

PMID- 13681967
TI  - Acute anuria associated with hyperkalemia. The role of gastric lavage.

PMID- 13681969
TI  - [Cardiocyclography].

PMID- 13681968
TI  - [Reproduction of the electrocardiogram by means of an electronic model system].

PMID- 13681970
TI  - [The hygienic evaluation of vinylplastic tubes in the water supply system].

PMID- 13681971
TI  - [Gonorrheal periostitis].

PMID- 13681973
TI  - Teflon as experimental replacement for mitral and tricuspid valves.

PMID- 13681972
TI  - Artificial hearts inside the chest, using small electro-motors.

PMID- 13681974
TI  - Monocusp aortic valvular prosthesis in dogs.

PMID- 13681975
TI  - An electromotor-driven pendulum-type artificial heart inside the chest.

PMID- 13681976
TI  - [On the problem of age differences in the antigenic properties of the skin].

PMID- 13681977
TI  - [Profuse hemorrhage in erythremia].

PMID- 13681978
TI  - [Effect of thyroxin on gas exchange in rats of various age groups].

PMID- 13681979
TI  - [Therapy of bronchiectasis and abscess of the lungs with antibiotics in
      combination with hemotherapy].

PMID- 13681980
TI  - [The treatment of chronic leukoses and lymphogranulomatosis with ethylene
      substituted phosphoramides].

PMID- 13681982
TI  - [Experience in the use of thrombocyte mass in thrombocytopenic diseases].

PMID- 13681981
TI  - [The use of alcohol-glucose solution of albumin in diseases of the
      gastrointestinal system].

PMID- 13681983
TI  - [On the problem of periodic medical examinations of workers engaged in hand
      setting in typography].

PMID- 13681984
TI  - [Experience with local anesthesia with the use of neuroplegics].

PMID- 13681985
TI  - [Resection of the right and quadrate lobes of the liver with the gallbladder in
      alveolar echinoc occosis].

PMID- 13681986
TI  - [Treatment of pepticulcer by intravenous administration of novocaine and vitamin
      B1].

PMID- 13681987
TI  - [Characteristics of electrical reactions of various segments of the auditory
      system in anesthetized and non-anesthetized animals].

PMID- 13681988
TI  - [Fluorinated hydrocarbons as substances for inhalation anesthesia].

PMID- 13681989
TI  - Eyelid lesions in chicks infected with Plasmodium gallinaceum.

PMID- 13681990
TI  - Mechanisms of death and tissue injury in malaria. IX. Adrenal insufficiency.

PMID- 13681991
TI  - Symptomatic partial paralysis in chicks infected with Plasmodium juxtanucleare.

PMID- 13681993
TI  - The pathogenicity of exoerythrocytic forms of malaria parasites.

PMID- 13681992
TI  - Synergism between coccidia parasites (Eimeria mitis and E. acervulina) and
      malarial parasites (Plasmodium gallinaceum and P. juxtanucleare) in the chick.

PMID- 13681994
TI  - Free lipids and phospholipid phosphorus of Histoplasma capsulatum and other
      pathogenic fungi.

PMID- 13681995
TI  - The importance of preservation of collateral arteries in arterial grafting.

PMID- 13681996
TI  - A simple procedure of the temporary by-pass of the pulmonary valve.

PMID- 13681997
TI  - [Anti-smallpox vaccination in keratitis].

PMID- 13681998
TI  - [Study of the carriers of hemophillia].

PMID- 13681999
TI  - [Fetus diseases].

PMID- 13682001
TI  - [Clinical aspect, nature and significance of the retinal vascular proliferations
      in diabetics].

PMID- 13682000
TI  - [Vitamin Kl, its therapeutic indications].

PMID- 13682002
TI  - [On the applications of ultrasonics in ophthalmological diagnosis. III,
      Possibilities of ultrasonics in the detection of endo-ocular foreign bodies].

PMID- 13682003
TI  - [Etiopathogenetic and clinical aspects of idiopathic retinal detachment].

PMID- 13682004
TI  - [Etiopathogenetic and clinical aspects of idiopathic retinal detachment].

PMID- 13682005
TI  - [Real visual acuity and evaluation of its partial diminutions].

PMID- 13682006
TI  - [Paramyloidiosis with predominant involvement of the peripheral nerves. An
      anatomical-clinical study].

PMID- 13682007
TI  - [Menigoencephalitis in Behcet's disease. Apropos of an anatomo-clinical case].

PMID- 13682008
TI  - [Apropos of epilepsy and EEG changes in Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis,
      formes frustes and their genetic significance. Presentation of 2 family cases].

PMID- 13682009
TI  - [Dysproteinorachia, Floculation of euglobulins at pH 7.1 in the cerebrospinal
      fluid].

PMID- 13682010
TI  - [Problems raised by cerebral ischemic accidents in the course of
      atherosclerosis].

PMID- 13682011
TI  - [Disorders of language expressive activities in aphasia. Their relation to
      apraxia].

PMID- 13682012
TI  - [On a syndrome having successively associated encephalomeningeal episodes with
      electroencephalographic changes; amyotrophy with fascicultions and
      electromyographic repetitive activity; osteorticular and cutaneous trophic
      disorders (2d report)].

PMID- 13682013
TI  - [John Farquhar FULTON (1899-1960)].

PMID- 13682014
TI  - [Sanitary-helminthological evaluation of vegetables, greens and fruits in
      climatic conditions of Ashkhabad].

PMID- 13682015
TI  - Influence of coagulases and route of injection on staphylococcal virulence in
      mice.

PMID- 13682017
TI  - [Postoperative cicatricial stenosis of the hepatocholedochus].

PMID- 13682016
TI  - [Obliterating atherosclerosis of the terminal aorta. Iliac and femoral arteries.
      Observations on 40 cases treated by substitutes].

PMID- 13682019
TI  - [Some views about the attitude of communal health officers toward tuberculosis].

PMID- 13682018
TI  - [A case of intraocular foreign body].

PMID- 13682021
TI  - Some thoughts of schizophrenia and ego development in the light of family
      investigations.

PMID- 13682020
TI  - [On somatic methods, group therapeutic procedures and allied measures in the
      treatment of schizophrenia].

PMID- 13682022
TI  - [America and American psychiatry].

PMID- 13682023
TI  - [The combination of oxytetracycline glucosaminesulfamethazole and
      phenylazodiaminopyridine in resistant infections of the urinary tract].

PMID- 13682024
TI  - Propagation of impulses in the His-Purkinje-vetricle system.

PMID- 13682025
TI  - The treatment of superficial phlebitis and thrombophlebitis with a penetrating
      antiseptic cream.

PMID- 13682026
TI  - [Trichloroethylene narcomania in a subject with early cerebral atrophy].

PMID- 13682027
TI  - [Congenital hydrocephalus. Differential diagnosis and surgical treatment].

PMID- 13682028
TI  - [Ambulatory therapy of tuberculosis].

PMID- 13682029
TI  - [Medicine in relation to surgery in pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13682030
TI  - [Present position of surgery and medicine in tuberculosis].

PMID- 13682031
TI  - Effects of spermine on mammalian cells.

PMID- 13682032
TI  - Pleuro-pulmonary manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 13682033
TI  - Metabolism of alpha-tocopherol and the isolation of a nontocopherol-reducing
      substance from animal tissues.

PMID- 13682035
TI  - [Calcified giant aneurysm of the right renal artery, remaining undetected,
      simulating a cystic tumor of the renal bed].

PMID- 13682036
TI  - [A case of myoma of the round ligament].

PMID- 13682037
TI  - [Dislocation of the shoulder in attack of eclampsia].

PMID- 13682038
TI  - [On quantitative changes in inorganic serum phosphorus in the Kaiser and Ponsold
      EDTA test].

PMID- 13682039
TI  - [Significance of EDTA test by Kaiser and Ponsold for the surgeon].

PMID- 13682040
TI  - [The Kaiser-Ponsoldtest in the diagnosis of relative parathyroid insufficiency].

PMID- 13682041
TI  - [The serum magnesium level determined by the Kaiser and Ponsold EDTA test].

PMID- 13682042
TI  - [Allergic diseases of occupational origin: their incidence in the Paris area.
      Problems of prevention and compensation].

PMID- 13682043
TI  - [The increasing menace of accidental acute poisonings. Importance of the
      Emergency Diagnostic and Treatment Centers].

PMID- 13682044
TI  - Griseofulvin therapy in tinea capitis.

PMID- 13682045
TI  - [Gigantic xipho-umbilical eventration].

PMID- 13682047
TI  - [Surgical anatomy of the walls of the abdomen].

PMID- 13682046
TI  - [Surgery of the great vessels].

PMID- 13682048
TI  - [Acute pancreatitis. Its treatment with repeated bilateral splanchnosemilunar
      anesthetic block (RBSS AB)].

PMID- 13682049
TI  - [Acute thrombosis of the anterior tibial artery. 5 observed cases].

PMID- 13682050
TI  - [Diverticula of the duodenum. Supramesocolonic approach].

PMID- 13682051
TI  - [Considerations on the absorption of a new oral penicillin (potassium salt of 6
      alpha-phenoxypropion-amide penicillinate)].

PMID- 13682052
TI  - [Epidemic episode of febrile pharyngitis caused by type 3 adenovirus].

PMID- 13682053
TI  - [Influenza-like syndrome caused by type 7 ECHO virus].

PMID- 13682054
TI  - [Recent acquisitions on human and animal viruses].

PMID- 13682055
TI  - [Inhibition in vivo of pituitary and chorionic gonadotropins accomplished by
      lysozyme].

PMID- 13682056
TI  - [Alkaline phosphatase activity of the cardiac muscle of intact and
      hypophysectomized rats treated with adiuretin and postpitulary oxytocic hormone].

PMID- 13682057
TI  - [Alkaline phosphatase activity of the cardiac muscle of intact and
      hypophysectomized rats treated with estrogens].

PMID- 13682058
TI  - [Alkaline phosphatase activity of the cardiac muscle of intact and
      hypophysectomized rats].

PMID- 13682059
TI  - [Effect of estradiol on circulating eosinophils in the intact and
      hypophysectomized rat].

PMID- 13682060
TI  - [Psychoprophylactic preparation for labor].

PMID- 13682061
TI  - [Balneary cure in diseases of the respiratory apparatus].

PMID- 13682062
TI  - [Esperanto in medicine. UNESCO honors Doctor ZAMENHOF, originator of Esperanto].

PMID- 13682063
TI  - [Somatotopic and associative neuron activities measured at the level of the
      primary somatic surface].

PMID- 13682064
TI  - [Convergences of afferent impulses of cortical and peripheral origin toward the
      centrum medianum in awake or anesthetized cats].

PMID- 13682065
TI  - [Demonstration, in the unrestrained awake cat of associative cortical activities
      appearing only in the inattentive animal].

PMID- 13682066
TI  - [Induced cerebral responses recorded in the unrestrained awake cat and attentive
      behavior].

PMID- 13682067
TI  - [Reduction, during attentive behavior, of the amplitude of the responses evoked
      in the median center of the thalamus in the alert unrestrained cat bearing
      permanently fixed electrodes].

PMID- 13682068
TI  - [Duality of responses of the nucleus centrum medianum to visual stimulation].

PMID- 13682069
TI  - [Existence of responses of visual and auditory origins in the median center of
      the thalamus of the anesthetized and chloralosed cat].

PMID- 13682070
TI  - [Addison's disease and pregnancy. Apropos of a case].

PMID- 13682071
TI  - The manpower crisis in mental health.

PMID- 13682072
TI  - [On glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activation in reserve organ slices].

PMID- 13682073
TI  - [On the hypocholesterolemic action of triparanol].

PMID- 13682074
TI  - [Thromboelastographic criteria for evaluation of the effectiveness of long-term
      therapy with indirect anticoagulants].

PMID- 13682075
TI  - [Thromboelastographic research in diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 13682076
TI  - Prematurity and maternal heart size.

PMID- 13682077
TI  - Pulmonary excision for solitary metastasis from a Wilms tumor with apparent cure.

PMID- 13682078
TI  - Ureteral obstruction from an unsuspected aortic aneurysm: case report.

PMID- 13682079
TI  - [Pleural disorders in children].

PMID- 13682080
TI  - Otometric operations.

PMID- 13682081
TI  - Tuning or pitch forks.

PMID- 13682082
TI  - Uterine peptidase activity in the rat and rabbit during pseudopregnancy.

PMID- 13682083
TI  - The protein components of rat uterine fluid. An analysis of its antigens by
      immuno-electrophoresis and Ouchterlonv gel diffusion technic.

PMID- 13682085
TI  - DEUEL H: Splitting of pectin chain molecules in neutral solutions.

PMID- 13682084
TI  - Stained pectin as seen in the electron microscope.
AB  - This paper describes electron microscopic studies on the distribution of pectin
      within young plant cells. Dark-grown onion roots, from 1 to 3 mm. in length, were
      used. In order to make the pectic substances selectively dense to electrons, they
      were first reacted with basic hydroxylamine. This treatment produces pectic
      hydroxamic acids, which in turn were treated with ferric ion to form insoluble
      complexes. The tissue was imbedded, sectioned, and then observed by electron
      microscopy. Dense deposits of iron were found in the region of the middle lamella
      and in a second area near the surface of the primary wall. Transverse walls of
      varying maturity were noted. The pectin of the more frequent, immature cross
      walls, leads directly into the inner reacting layer of the axillary
      (longitudinal) wall. The pectin of the more mature transverse walls becomes, on
      the other hand, intimately associated with the middle lamella pectin of the
      axillary wall. It is shown that the pectin of the middle lamella represents the
      hot water-soluble portion of the pectic substance, while the internal layer of
      the axillary wall and the transverse wall pectin represent the so called residual
      fraction. Hot versene extraction removes essentially all electron-dense material.

PMID- 13682086
TI  - Studies on the biologic characterization of human gonadotropins. VII. Urinary
      gonadotropins of men, postmenopausal women and eunuchs.

PMID- 13682087
TI  - Contamination of gonadotropin standards.

PMID- 13682088
TI  - Studies on the biologic characterization of human gonadotropins. 6. Nature and
      number of gonadotropins in human pregnancy urine.

PMID- 13682089
TI  - Purification of pituitary gonadotropin from urine of normal men.

PMID- 13682090
TI  - Quantitative studies of the avidity of naturally occurring substances for trace
      metals. 4. A potentiometric method for highly insoluble complexes, and its
      application to complexes of adenine anion.

PMID- 13682091
TI  - Method of purification of human pituitary gonadotropin for clinical assays.

PMID- 13682092
TI  - Isosorbide dinitrate in treatment of angina pectoris. Preliminary clinical
      impression.

PMID- 13682093
TI  - The preparation of sections of mineralized tissue suitable for the demonstration
      of alkaline phosphatase.

PMID- 13682094
TI  - [Age, especially the age of the brain as a cellular problem and its biochemical
      aspects].

PMID- 13682095
TI  - Pulmonary artery banding. A treatment for infants with intractable cardiac
      failure due to interventricular septal defects.

PMID- 13682096
TI  - Treatment of complete atrioventricular heart block.

PMID- 13682097
TI  - [Increase of the pressure of the intra-coelomic fluid alters the morphogenesis of
      the digestive tract in the larvaie of the lively frog (Rana dalmatina Bon.)].

PMID- 13682099
TI  - Latent injury and repair in rat liver induced to regenerate at intervals after x
      radiation.

PMID- 13682098
TI  - Anticonvulsant and toxicologic properties of some benzilic amides and the
      physiological dispostion of the N-ethyl derivative.

PMID- 13682100
TI  - The doseresponse relationships of beta-ray induced skin tumors in the rat.

PMID- 13682101
TI  - Stages of breakdown in the relationships and dynamics between the mental patient
      and his family.

PMID- 13682102
TI  - Effect of foster nursing on morphology of lymphatic tissue of mice.

PMID- 13682103
TI  - Lymph nodes, serum proteins in mice with spontaneous neoplasms. II. Structural
      changes in lymph nodes during the course of spontaneous mammary cancer.

PMID- 13682104
TI  - The effect of litter rank on the secondary sex ratio.

PMID- 13682105
TI  - The effect of litter rank on the development of mouse lymph nodes.

PMID- 13682106
TI  - Circulating blood volume measurements for cardiac surgery.

PMID- 13682107
TI  - The value of routine blood-volume measurements in major surgical procedures.

PMID- 13682108
TI  - Hypothermia in general surgery.

PMID- 13682109
TI  - Histochemical demonstration of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase.

PMID- 13682110
TI  - Some peculiar biological and biochemical properties of a mouse hepatoma induced
      by chrysoidin. II. Metabolic properties of the hepatoma.

PMID- 13682111
TI  - Some peculiar biological and biochemical properties of a mouse hepatoma induced
      by chrysoidin. III. Activity of glucose-6-phosphatase.

PMID- 13682112
TI  - [Eutrophic and cicatricial action of congored].

PMID- 13682113
TI  - [Eutrophic and cicatrizant action of Congored].

PMID- 13682114
TI  - An improved electromagnetic flowmeter for extracorporeal circulation.

PMID- 13682116
TI  - [Scapulocostal syndrome].

PMID- 13682115
TI  - The effect of the composition of the ventilating gas mixture on acid-base
      pathways using the disc oxygenator. Studies in twenty-nine patients undergoing
      cardiac surgery.

PMID- 13682117
TI  - [Considerations on some cases of radiodermitis following roentgen-diagnostic
      observations].

PMID- 13682118
TI  - [Digital photoplethysmographic findings in porphyria cutanea tarda].

PMID- 13682119
TI  - [Vesicovaginal fistula complicated by destruction of the urethra. Neourethra].

PMID- 13682120
TI  - [Various considerations on hypospadias].

PMID- 13682121
TI  - [Chronic lymphedema of the limbs. Its treatment].

PMID- 13682122
TI  - [Staphylorrhaphy at the cost of the pharyngostaphylinus muscle].

PMID- 13682123
TI  - [The use of the LeMesurier technic for the treatment of bilateral harelip].

PMID- 13682124
TI  - [Duplication of Descemet's membrane after perforating keratoplasty in human
      subjects].

PMID- 13682125
TI  - [Keratoplasty on the basis of an uncommon indication].

PMID- 13682126
TI  - [Keratoplasty].

PMID- 13682127
TI  - [On the indications for cosmetic keratoplasty in the light of the Valenta method
      of corneal staining].

PMID- 13682128
TI  - [The history of keratoplasty].

PMID- 13682129
TI  - [Value of keratoplasty in blindness control].

PMID- 13682130
TI  - [Electroencephalographic findings in Fiamberti's acetylcholine therapy].

PMID- 13682131
TI  - [Electroencephalorgraphic control in protracted electroshock therapy].

PMID- 13682132
TI  - Cerebrospinal otorrhoea in chronic ear disease.

PMID- 13682133
TI  - [A simple stereo-procedure for controlling the position of radium applicators].

PMID- 13682134
TI  - Medical illustration. A prescription for use.

PMID- 13682135
TI  - [On real collagen diseases of the skin].

PMID- 13682136
TI  - [On the morphology and pathogenesis of fibrinoid tissue damage in rheumatic
      granuloma].

PMID- 13682137
TI  - Biological action of gibberellic acid on laboratory animals.

PMID- 13682138
TI  - Threshold stimulation of the lateral thalamus and globus pallidus in the waking
      human.

PMID- 13682139
TI  - A thermistor brain probe.

PMID- 13682140
TI  - Simple graphic stereotaxic localization.

PMID- 13682141
TI  - Fractionation of particles and macromolecules in aqueous two-phase systems.

PMID- 13682142
TI  - [Treatment of purulent meningitis in children by a combination of antibiotics,
      sulfonamides, corticosteroids and corticotropin].

PMID- 13682143
TI  - [Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome. III. Therapeutic management].

PMID- 13682144
TI  - [Staphylococcal infection in infancy: epidemiology, prophvlaxis and treatment].

PMID- 13682145
TI  - [The antibiotic industry].

PMID- 13682146
TI  - [Normal and pathological values of glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase in
      pediatrics].

PMID- 13682147
TI  - Nebulization with combination oleandomycin-tetracycline for the treatment of
      acute and prolonged bronchitis in children.

PMID- 13682148
TI  - [Treatment of acute and prolonged bronchitis in children by means of the
      oleandomycin-tetracycline association, in aerosols].

PMID- 13682149
TI  - [Present trends in the treatment of virus diseases].

PMID- 13682150
TI  - Unilateral malignant nephrosclerosis with superimposed unilateral cortical
      necrosis following aortogram.

PMID- 13682151
TI  - [Smallpox in a 15-day-old child].

PMID- 13682152
TI  - [Minor cholestasis and its varieties. (Minor compensated and decompensated
      cholestasis with and without hepatitis, cirrhogenic minor cholestasis, anicteric
      cholestatic cirrhosis)].

PMID- 13682153
TI  - [Timed duodenal intubation with a double sound. Its technics--its advantages].

PMID- 13682154
TI  - [Diffuse mesenchymatous hepatitis with nodular lymphomatosis of Hanot and
      Kiener].

PMID- 13682155
TI  - [Apropos of duodenobiliary functional pathology and its treatment].

PMID- 13682156
TI  - [A contribution to the problem of hyperhidrosis in the area of the trigeminal
      nerve].

PMID- 13682158
TI  - [Detection and treatment of complications of fresh cranial injuries].

PMID- 13682157
TI  - [The danger of infection in the tuberculosis laboratory].

PMID- 13682159
TI  - [Partial excision of the kidney in tuberculosis].

PMID- 13682160
TI  - [Comparative studies on the action of 4-butyl-1,2-diphenyl-3, 5-pyrazolidinedione
      on embryonal fibroblasts, blood and bone marrow cells in vitro].

PMID- 13682161
TI  - [Studies on the reticular substance in the cells of erythropoiesis and
      megalopoiesis in the denucleated stage].

PMID- 13682162
TI  - [The relation of lympho-and reticulum cell sarcoma of the tonsil to RES].

PMID- 13682163
TI  - Poliomyelitis in New York State in 1959.

PMID- 13682164
TI  - Poliomyelitis in upstate New York in 1960.

PMID- 13682165
TI  - [Conversion symptom and organ neurosis--a relation].

PMID- 13682167
TI  - [The soil and health].

PMID- 13682166
TI  - [On enzyme activity in the aorta wall of the rat and its pharmacological
      modification].

PMID- 13682168
TI  - The Weber-Christian syndrome, with particular reference to etiology. A
      description of eight cases of panniculitis.

PMID- 13682169
TI  - [Corticosteroid treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13682170
TI  - [Complications following chlorpromazine and reserpine therapy of psychoses in the
      light of autopsy findings].

PMID- 13682171
TI  - [Lipomicrons, serum lipids and atherosclerosis].

PMID- 13682172
TI  - Thyroxin analogs and their place in therapy.

PMID- 13682173
TI  - The immune system in thermal injury: burned skin as a source of antigenic
      substance.

PMID- 13682174
TI  - Penicillin in milk following intramuscular and intramammary administration of
      penicillin in normal and mastitic cows.

PMID- 13682175
TI  - Serum lipids, hypertension and coronary artery disease.

PMID- 13682176
TI  - Lipoprotein pattern as a function of total triglyceride concentration of serum.

PMID- 13682177
TI  - Evaluation and rehabilitation of patients with hearing loss.

PMID- 13682178
TI  - Threshold for normal hearing.

PMID- 13682179
TI  - [Antitetanic immunity 5 years after immunization].

PMID- 13682180
TI  - Providing dental care for the handicapped patient.

PMID- 13682181
TI  - [Why specific desensitization?].

PMID- 13682183
TI  - [Psychological problems of cancer patients and their relatives].

PMID- 13682182
TI  - [Psychiatry].

PMID- 13682185
TI  - [Hematuria as unique symptom of adenocarcinoma of the kidney].

PMID- 13682184
TI  - [Evaluation of hydronephrosis].

PMID- 13682186
TI  - ["Speliotomy" for tuberculous cavitation in a case of solitary kidney].

PMID- 13682187
TI  - [Treatment of the nephrotic syndrome].

PMID- 13682188
TI  - [Prevention of urolithiasis and the recurrence of urinary lithiasis].

PMID- 13682189
TI  - [Syndromes of renal tubular dysfunction].

PMID- 13682191
TI  - [The syndromes of renal tubular dysfunction].

PMID- 13682190
TI  - [The evaluation of silicoanthracotics].

PMID- 13682192
TI  - Comprehensive nursing education through a basic programme.

PMID- 13682193
TI  - [Biographic data on influential persons in hospital progress in Mexico].

PMID- 13682194
TI  - [Historical notes relating to nursing in Mexico].

PMID- 13682195
TI  - [Poliomyelitis in Nicaragua, 1959-1960:vaccination program and analysis of its
      results].

PMID- 13682196
TI  - The determination of magnesium in biological fluids and tissues by flame
      spectrophotometry.
AB  - A flame spectrophotometric method for estimating magnesium in biological fluids
      and tissues is described. It may be applied to the Zeiss spectrophotometer PMQ II
      with flame attachment. Interferences are small, and recoveries from plasma and
      urine and from ashed faeces, soft tissue, and bone are satisfactory. Calcium can
      be measured on the same dilutions of plasma and urine and faecal ash. Sodium,
      potassium, calcium, and magnesium can be estimated on the same dilutions of soft
      tissue and bone ash. The plasma magnesium concentration of normal subjects falls
      within a narrow range. Differences between mean normal values previously reported
      may be partly attributed to the magnesium salt used in preparation of standard
      solutions.

PMID- 13682198
TI  - Some experiences in sensory deprivation experiments.

PMID- 13682197
TI  - [Simple chronometric determination of serum iodine. I. Procedure].

PMID- 13682199
TI  - A note on the antemortem histologic diagnosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic
      purpura.

PMID- 13682200
TI  - Secondary malabsorption syndrome produced by chronic strongyloidiasis.

PMID- 13682201
TI  - [Renal function in pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13682202
TI  - [Administration of potassium salts].

PMID- 13682203
TI  - [Feeding of the premature infant].

PMID- 13682204
TI  - [On a case of association of congenital hypothyroidism and Hirschprung's
      disease].

PMID- 13682205
TI  - [Collaboration of the magistrate and experts on the subject of immoral offences].

PMID- 13682206
TI  - Diabetes and the xanthomas.

PMID- 13682207
TI  - Implantation of the rat egg. IV. Some effects of artificial ova on the rat
      uterus.

PMID- 13682208
TI  - [Anesthesia problems in ileus (Current knowledge; conclusions; personal
      experiences)].

PMID- 13682209
TI  - [Some subjective observations on fluothane in neurosurgery].

PMID- 13682210
TI  - [Recognition and treatment of mushroom poisoning].

PMID- 13682211
TI  - Preserving the sterility of surgical dressings wrapped in paper and other
      materials.
AB  - Materials for wrapping surgical dressings were studied by a method which measured
      the recontamination rate in packs stored for periods of up to several weeks. Of
      the materials tested a thick crepe paper was better than calico and balloon cloth
      fabrics. Dressings wrapped in paper were not significantly contaminated after
      storage in dusty places for periods of up to three weeks. For added protection
      during handling and for convenience in transport and storage, paper packs may be
      sterilized and kept in paper-lined cartons. The shelf life in good storage
      conditions would be many weeks at least.

PMID- 13682212
TI  - Auditory cortex of the seal (Phoca vitulina).

PMID- 13682213
TI  - Mechanism of mutagenesis induced by formal-dehyde. The essential role of the 6
      amino group of adenylic acid (or adenosine) in the mediation of the mutagenic
      activity of formaldehyde.

PMID- 13682214
TI  - [Can the sudden effects of compression and depression influence the development
      of Plasmodium berghei infections in the white mouse?].

PMID- 13682216
TI  - Carcinoma of colon following transplantation of the ureters, and at the site of
      the transplantation.

PMID- 13682215
TI  - Effects of several sympathomimetic amines (levarterenol, phenylephrine, and
      epinephrine) on coronary blood flow during cardiopulmonary bypass.

PMID- 13682217
TI  - Clinical experiences of the lesser known manifestations of hyperparathyroidism.

PMID- 13682218
TI  - [Triamcinolone in the asthmatic attack].

PMID- 13682219
TI  - Two new digenetic trematodes from marine fishes of Puget Sound, Washington.

PMID- 13682220
TI  - Uterosacral block and the obstetrical anesthesia problem.

PMID- 13682221
TI  - Neurotoxic and biochemical properties of some triaryl phosphates.

PMID- 13682222
TI  - A tissue homogenizer.

PMID- 13682223
TI  - Oxidative phosphorylation.

PMID- 13682224
TI  - [Acute simple ulcer of the perforated jejunum].

PMID- 13682225
TI  - [Osteitis condensans ilii].

PMID- 13682226
TI  - [Some data on the functional state of the adrenal cortex in chronic tonsillitis].

PMID- 13682227
TI  - [Hormonally active tumors of the ovary and fibromatosis of the uterus].

PMID- 13682228
TI  - [Certain external signs in determining pathways of suppurative drainage in the
      foot and ankle joint].

PMID- 13682229
TI  - [Results of electrophoretic study of the blood proteins of patients with cancer].

PMID- 13682230
TI  - [The content of arsenic in Bulgarian cigarettes].

PMID- 13682231
TI  - [The mechanism of action of chemotherapeutic substances against cancer].

PMID- 13682232
TI  - [Remote results after 241 cases of colpopoiesis].

PMID- 13682233
TI  - [Utilization of effective chemical vaccines against certain zoonoses. I.
      Production of chemical depot anthrax vaccine and determination of its
      effectiveness on animal experiments].

PMID- 13682234
TI  - [Development of a technic of aerosol immunization against typhoid fever and
      dysentery].

PMID- 13682235
TI  - [Aerosol immunization by means of dry pulverized vaccines and anatoxins.
      Communication 2. Studies on the effectiveness of the aerosol method of
      immunization and re-immunization by means of dry pulverized diphtherial
      anatoxins].

PMID- 13682236
TI  - [Aerosol immunization with dry live vaccines and anatoxins. VI. Studies on
      reactogenic and immunological effectiveness of the aerosol immunization with
      spray vaccines (brucellosis, tularemia, anthrax and plague) in man].

PMID- 13682237
TI  - [Aerosol-immunization with live vaccines and anatoxins. IV. Characteristics and
      dynamics of vaccinal processes after aerosol-vaccination with brucellosis,
      tularemia, anthrax and plague dust-vaccines].

PMID- 13682238
TI  - [Aerosol immunization with dry living vaccines and toxoids. III. Study in
      experiment of the effectiveness of aerosol immunization with dry dust-like
      vaccines (anthrax, brucellosis, tularemia and plague)].

PMID- 13682239
TI  - [Stillbirth and newborn mortality in labor in pelvic presentation].

PMID- 13682240
TI  - [A specific form of a benign tumor of the stomach (from the glomus group)].

PMID- 13682241
TI  - [Normal vectocardiography and its variants in human subjects of various ages].

PMID- 13682242
TI  - [Studies on the effect of certain antibiotics on the development of chick
      embryo].

PMID- 13682243
TI  - [Result of work of hospital councils].

PMID- 13682244
TI  - [Features of the course and outcome of tuberculous meningitis in children
      following different methods of treatment (from craniographic data)].

PMID- 13682246
TI  - [Use of reserpine in patients with rheumatic heart diseases].

PMID- 13682245
TI  - [Roentgenological image of the cranium in children with residual phenomena after
      tuberculous meningitis].

PMID- 13682247
TI  - [Health and educational significance of extended school days].

PMID- 13682248
TI  - [The project of classification and nomenclature of the blood cells and diseases
      of the blood system].

PMID- 13682249
TI  - [On the problem of the effect of aminazin on morphology of the central nervous
      system in physiological conditions].

PMID- 13682251
TI  - [Studies on the content of non-esterified fatty acids in various segments of the
      vascular system in dogs in nutritional lipemia and after heparin injections].

PMID- 13682250
TI  - [Studies on the effect of magnesium sulfate on the level of lipids and on the
      indices of coagulation and fibrinolysis in atherosclerotic patients].

PMID- 13682252
TI  - [Total cholesterol level in normal and arterio-sclerotic men with special
      reference to sex and age factors].

PMID- 13682253
TI  - [The production of blood cells in the light of the review of prevalent theories
      and our own observations].

PMID- 13682254
TI  - Fire and its aftermath on a geriatric ward.

PMID- 13682255
TI  - [The state of orthopedic-traumatological aid and measures for its improvement in
      regions of the Right-Bank Ukraine].

PMID- 13682256
TI  - [An appartus for ovoscopy of chick embryos in field conditions].

PMID- 13682257
TI  - [A method for the production of local defense motor reflexes in white rats].

PMID- 13682258
TI  - [Features of the interaction of simultaneous conditioned reactions in man
      depending on the character of the reinforcement].

PMID- 13682259
TI  - [On the problem of clinicopathogenic characteristics of athrombocytopenic purpura
      (Willebrand's disease) and its therapy].

PMID- 13682260
TI  - [Current problems in the treatment of patients with acute leukemia].

PMID- 13682261
TI  - [On the problem of the nosological position of chlorosis (on a "disappearing
      disease")].

PMID- 13682262
TI  - [Public health in Soviet Chuvashia during the past 40 years].

PMID- 13682263
TI  - [The role of the cytological method of study in the diagnosis of cancer of the
      esophagus].

PMID- 13682264
TI  - [Disorder of the pulmonary vessels in endarteritis].

PMID- 13682265
TI  - [Disorders of vascular permeability in endarteritis obliterans].

PMID- 13682266
TI  - [Studies on the level of noise in residential buildings in Moscow].

PMID- 13682268
TI  - [Clinical aspects and therapy of influenza B during the period of the winter
      outbreak].

PMID- 13682267
TI  - [Treatment of pneumonis with tetracycline].

PMID- 13682269
TI  - [On changes in the chemical structure of the testes after the action of ionizing
      radiations].

PMID- 13682270
TI  - [On testicular synthesis of creatine].

PMID- 13682271
TI  - [Immediate and conditioned reflex effect of inhibitory substances on higher
      nervous activity of dogs with organic lesions of various parts of the cerebral
      cortex].

PMID- 13682272
TI  - [An experimental day schedule for students at Boarding School No. 8].

PMID- 13682273
TI  - [2 cases of hepato-pulmonary echinococcosis].

PMID- 13682274
TI  - [Early manifestations of injuries in dogs exposed to daily administrations of
      Sr90].

PMID- 13682275
TI  - [Dermography in dysentery in children as an index of functional conditions of
      cutaneous vessels].

PMID- 13682276
TI  - [Comparative study of the toxic action of various types of influenza viruses on
      the sympathetic nervous system].

PMID- 13682277
TI  - [On the so-called lipophanerosis in irradiated cells].

PMID- 13682278
TI  - Radiation-induced changes in some physical properties of graphites of various
      degrees of graphitization.

PMID- 13682279
TI  - [On the clinical and electroencephalographic changes caused by the intracarotid
      administration of sodium 5-isoamyl-5-ethylbarbiturate in man].

PMID- 13682280
TI  - [Fluoridation of our waters].

PMID- 13682281
TI  - [Spontaneous hydatidic pneumothorax].

PMID- 13682282
TI  - [Considerations on patients deceased in the Department of Phthisiology of the
      civil hospitals of Lisbon].

PMID- 13682283
TI  - [Studies on the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis with cycloserine. IV.
      Clinical results and conclusions].

PMID- 13682284
TI  - [Studies on tuberculosis bacilli resistant to isoniazid. III. Pathogenic potency
      for man].

PMID- 13682285
TI  - [Therapeutic trial of the resinat of noscapine as an antitussive agent].

PMID- 13682286
TI  - [Histogenesis of the Chagasic granuloma of the CNS of young dogs].

PMID- 13682287
TI  - [The autonomic nervous system of the heart in experimental infestation of the
      albino mouse with Schizotrypanum cruzi].

PMID- 13682288
TI  - [Salmonella blockley infection in our country].

PMID- 13682289
TI  - Tabetic spinal arthropathy. Two cases with motor symptoms due to root
      compression.

PMID- 13682291
TI  - [Observations on organotypic cultures of mouse embryonal lung].

PMID- 13682290
TI  - [Bacteriological, immunological and biochemical study of rheumatic diseases as a
      basis for the etiological knowledge and prevention of rheumatic fever].

PMID- 13682292
TI  - [On the behavior of the embryonic chick lung cultivated in vitro].

PMID- 13682293
TI  - [Reproduction of the basic symptoms of euthyroid goiter in experimental
      conditions].

PMID- 13682294
TI  - [On the application of electrogastrography in pharmacology].

PMID- 13682295
TI  - [On the problem of so-called primary systemic amyloidosis].

PMID- 13682296
TI  - [Is spinal anesthesia in cesarean section advantageous?].

PMID- 13682297
TI  - [The finding of lesions of the intima of the carotids in death by hanging].

PMID- 13682298
TI  - [The umbilical hernia from the point of view of military legal medicine].

PMID- 13682299
TI  - [Treatment of congenital sacrococcygeal cysts].

PMID- 13682300
TI  - [Biological immaturity in the study of fetoneonatal physiopathology. Clinical
      findings and anatomopathological observations].

PMID- 13682301
TI  - [Sepsis in clinical obstetrics and in gynecology. Present aspect of the
      prophylactic and therapeutic problem in regard to the mother and newborn infant].

PMID- 13682302
TI  - [The problem of the evolution of bacterial resistance to antibiotics studied in
      obstetric-gynecological clinical practice].

PMID- 13682303
TI  - [Functional correlations between the adrenal gland and the exocrine pancreas.
      Modifications of blood and urine amylase by intravenous infusion of ACTH. I.
      Normal subjects].

PMID- 13682304
TI  - [Modifications of the peptic activity of the plasma and urine induced by
      intravenous infusions of ACTH. 2. Subjects with functional changes of the adrenal
      cortex].

PMID- 13682305
TI  - [Contribution to the study of biliary motor activity. I. Electromanometric
      findings in "basal" conditions].

PMID- 13682306
TI  - [Modifications of amylasemia and amylasuria induced by intravenous infusions of
      ACTH. 2. Subjects with functional changes of the adrenal cortex].

PMID- 13682307
TI  - [Modifications of the peptic activity in plasma and urine caused by the
      intravenous infusion of ACTH. 1. Normal subjects].

PMID- 13682308
TI  - [Occupational dermatosis barrier cream: use and applicability].

PMID- 13682309
TI  - [Prevention of burns and their treatment].

PMID- 13682310
TI  - [Thrombosis of the internal carotid artery].

PMID- 13682311
TI  - Cyclic agranulocytosis treated with steroids.

PMID- 13682312
TI  - [Effects of automatic artificial ventilation on acid-base equilibrium and on
      hemodynamics in various experimental conditions].

PMID- 13682313
TI  - [Considerations on the problem of the nutrition of surgical patients].

PMID- 13682314
TI  - [Experimental and clinical research on synthetic anticurare agents].

PMID- 13682315
TI  - [Myoma development after total extirpation of the uterus].

PMID- 13682316
TI  - [Tuberculosis of the parametrium].

PMID- 13682317
TI  - [On the problem of recurrences in Schuchardt incisions in operations for
      carcinomas of the vaginal cervix and uterus].

PMID- 13682318
TI  - [On the prophylaxis after diaplacental infections].

PMID- 13682319
TI  - A meatal trowel.

PMID- 13682320
TI  - An oral surgeon looks at the antibiotics.

PMID- 13682321
TI  - Evidence for a new serum thromboplastic factor.

PMID- 13682322
TI  - A guide to anticoagulant therapy.

PMID- 13682323
TI  - A result in visual aesthetics.

PMID- 13682324
TI  - Chlorothiazide derivatives for diabetes insipidus?

PMID- 13682326
TI  - Fat infusions. Toxic effects and alterations in fasting serum lipids following
      prolonged use.

PMID- 13682325
TI  - Inhibition of aminonucleoside nephrosis in rats. I. The effect of adenine,
      adenosine and adenosine triphosphate.

PMID- 13682327
TI  - Cerebral angiography.

PMID- 13682328
TI  - The foetal kidney.

PMID- 13682329
TI  - Run-over (Ueberfahren) accidents.

PMID- 13682330
TI  - The extent of the poliomyelitis problem.

PMID- 13682331
TI  - Experimental studies of emotional stress. I. Hyperthyroidism.

PMID- 13682332
TI  - Current problems in dynamic psychotherapy in its relationship to psychoanalysis.

PMID- 13682333
TI  - The effect of radiation on the larynx with pictures of these effects.

PMID- 13682334
TI  - The effect of Metrazol in isolated mammalian cells.

PMID- 13682336
TI  - Choline biogenesis III. The orgin of the three methyl groups.

PMID- 13682335
TI  - Choline biogenesis II. The effect of homocysteine on serine metabolism.

PMID- 13682337
TI  - EEG changes following pallido-ansotomy.

PMID- 13682338
TI  - A ready method for self-instruction program presentation.

PMID- 13682339
TI  - An insight into inheritance.

PMID- 13682340
TI  - The changing concepts of allergy.

PMID- 13682341
TI  - Prolonged intermittent photic stimulation. An exploratory study.

PMID- 13682342
TI  - The psychology of bitterness.

PMID- 13682343
TI  - Practical office procedures in gastroenterologv.

PMID- 13682344
TI  - Characteristics of cellobiose phosphorylase.

PMID- 13682345
TI  - Investigations into the etiology of dermatitis herpetiformis. 1. The effects of
      serum from dermatitis herpetiformis cases on the spreading property of
      hvaluronidase.

PMID- 13682346
TI  - Is eosinophilia of diagnostic importance in dermatitis herpetiformis?

PMID- 13682347
TI  - The treatment of lichen planus with Dipasic.

PMID- 13682348
TI  - Experimental differential renal cooling utilizing electrolyte perfusates.

PMID- 13682349
TI  - [On the anticonvulsive and relaxing effect of the antirheumatic agents, sodium
      salicylate, aspirin, pyramidon, phenylbutazone, irgapyrin and prednisolone].

PMID- 13682350
TI  - The effect of drugs on the conditional psychogalvanic reflex in man.

PMID- 13682351
TI  - Effect of hydroxyphenamate on the conditional psychogalvanic reflex in man.

PMID- 13682352
TI  - Primary mediastinal neuroblastoma in an infant. A twenty-one year survival
      following radiation therapy.

PMID- 13682353
TI  - [Poliomyelitis vaccination with reference to the 1960 West Berlin vaccination
      with orally administered live non-virulent vaccine].

PMID- 13682354
TI  - A mixed tumour of the liver in an adult.

PMID- 13682355
TI  - The effects of embolic obstruction of intrarenal arteries in the rabbit.

PMID- 13682356
TI  - Catalase inhibition of the peroxidatic reaction in thyroid tissue.

PMID- 13682357
TI  - The mechanism of iodination reactions in thyroid glands.

PMID- 13682358
TI  - Irradiation of proteins in the solid state. III. Influence of oxygen and absorbed
      water on changes produced in bovine serum albumin.

PMID- 13682359
TI  - Degradation of dry deoxyribonucleic acid by polonium alpha-particles.

PMID- 13682360
TI  - Energy transfer in irradiated deoxyribonucleic acid and nucleoprotein.

PMID- 13682361
TI  - Instability of alkylated deoxyribonucleic acid in relation to the mechanism of
      chemical mutagenesis.

PMID- 13682362
TI  - Role of oxygen in the cross-linking and degradation of deoxyribonucleic acid by
      ionizing radiations.

PMID- 13682363
TI  - The biological significance of the changes produced in the deoxyribonucleic acid
      of cells treated with radiomimetic alkylating agents.

PMID- 13682364
TI  - Differences in the response of leukaemia cells in tissue culture to nitrogen
      mustard and to dimethyl myleran.

PMID- 13682365
TI  - The differential diagnosis of tumour cells in circulating blood.
AB  - White-cell concentrates were made by a dextran sedimentation technique from the
      blood of 140 cases of malignant disease and 60 controls. The slides were searched
      for tumour cells and for other unusual cells with which they might be confused.
      Several million white cells were scanned in the slides from each case. Acceptable
      tumour cells were identified in the blood of seven patients, none of whom
      survived for more than a few months. These cells are illustrated, as well as
      various other cell types which may have been confused with malignant cells in the
      past. It is concluded that the cytology of white cell concentrates should be
      further explored before statistics about the occurrence of circulating tumour
      cells are accepted.

PMID- 13682366
TI  - [The tumor cells in the blood].

PMID- 13682367
TI  - Effect of two synthetic estrogens on the level of serum protein-bound iodine in
      men and women with atherosclerotic heart disease.

PMID- 13682368
TI  - Some experimental observations on the action of intravenous hypertonic urea in
      dogs, with particular reference to plasma volume and tissue urea changes.

PMID- 13682369
TI  - Use of external electric countershock in the treatment of ventricular
      tachycardia.

PMID- 13682370
TI  - The treatment of acne vulgaris with graded abrasive creams. Report of a clinical
      trial.

PMID- 13682371
TI  - The pK' of carbonic acid in cerebrospinal fluid.

PMID- 13682372
TI  - Analysis of the alkaloid content of ergot.

PMID- 13682373
TI  - The correlation of thyroid function with the rate of oxygen uptake of human
      leucocytes.

PMID- 13682374
TI  - Effect of D-thyroxine on thyrotoxicosis and on the associated exophthalmos.

PMID- 13682375
TI  - Incidence of the anti-nuclear factor in human sera.

PMID- 13682376
TI  - The importance of serum mucoprotein determinations in tumoral conditions of the
      female genital apparatus.

PMID- 13682377
TI  - [The thermal death of cells in relation to the problem of the adaptation of
      organisms to the temperature of the environment].

PMID- 13682378
TI  - [Therapeutic procedure in the treatment of acute leukemias].

PMID- 13682379
TI  - [Hypnolepsy in adolescents with psychomotor disorders].

PMID- 13682380
TI  - [Short-acting barbiturate anesthesia in minor emergency surgery].

PMID- 13682381
TI  - A clinical pharmacologic evaluation of diethylpropion.

PMID- 13682382
TI  - [Free skin transplant on the spongy bone of the arch of the skull in deep
      chemical burn].

PMID- 13682383
TI  - [Amputations of the lower extremities. A 10 year material].

PMID- 13682384
TI  - [Functional rehabilitation in relation to postraumatic circulatory complications
      of the lower limb].

PMID- 13682385
TI  - [On the problem of trichomonal ulcers].

PMID- 13682386
TI  - [On the bactericidal action of chlorine in sea and fresh water].

PMID- 13682387
TI  - [Studies on bottom deposits in the evaluation of sanitary conditions of
      aquatoria].

PMID- 13682389
TI  - [Experimental data on the pathomechanism of facial paralysis "a frigoire"].

PMID- 13682388
TI  - [A simple filtration apparatus for direct count of bacteria on membrane filters].

PMID- 13682390
TI  - [Current status of facial paralysis].

PMID- 13682391
TI  - Accreditation of hospital training program.

PMID- 13682392
TI  - Cesarean section hysterectomy. A 10 year review.

PMID- 13682393
TI  - Metastatic adenocarcinoma of the small intestine.

PMID- 13682394
TI  - Warthin's tumor.

PMID- 13682395
TI  - Afferent loop syndrome.

PMID- 13682396
TI  - [Unilateral dacryoadenitis manifesting lymphoid leukemia].

PMID- 13682397
TI  - ["Atopic cataract" and Besnier's prurigo. Apropos of a case].

PMID- 13682398
TI  - [Acquired excentric fixation].

PMID- 13682399
TI  - [Operative injuries localizing rheumatismal uveitis].

PMID- 13682400
TI  - Hormone-induced tumors. I. Hamster flankorgan and kidney tumors in vitro.

PMID- 13682401
TI  - Simultaneous processing of coded tissue fragments.

PMID- 13682402
TI  - The synthesis of glycogen in yeast.

PMID- 13682403
TI  - [Ultra red spectroscopy in forensic chemical analysis. II. Chemical investigation
      in 4 fatalities: 1. Tofranil poisoning, and combination poisonings, 2. Parathion
      and Endrin, 3. Nicotine and parathion and 4. Pentymal, disulfiram and ethanol].

PMID- 13682405
TI  - Regeneration capacity of the submandibular gland in rat and mouse.

PMID- 13682404
TI  - Recurrent tetanus: report of a case.

PMID- 13682406
TI  - [Anencephalus twice in the same woman].

PMID- 13682407
TI  - On some new species of the genus Oxyspirura from birds in Hyderabad, Andhra
      Pradesh, India.

PMID- 13682408
TI  - [On the functional mechanics of the ear ossicles].

PMID- 13682409
TI  - ["Photoelastometry" applied to the study of the problems of functional anatomy.
      Preliminary note].

PMID- 13682410
TI  - Cerebral nematodiasis in Pennsylvania deer (Odocoileus virgineanus).

PMID- 13682411
TI  - [Observations on a labyrinthine syndrome appearing in telephone operators].

PMID- 13682412
TI  - [Notes on Leonardian medicine in the Ashburnam and Forster manuscripts].

PMID- 13682413
TI  - [Outline of the new anti-Celsus Medication in Venice in the 2d half of the 18th
      century].

PMID- 13682414
TI  - Growth rate and other signs of infection in calves experimentally infected with
      Cooperia punctata.

PMID- 13682415
TI  - [Modification of the fistula technic for a separate study of digestion in the
      stomach of ruminants].

PMID- 13682417
TI  - [On the problem of surgical approaches to the spleen].

PMID- 13682416
TI  - [Mesothelioma of the peritoneum causing extrahepatic portal block].

PMID- 13682418
TI  - [Determination of the quanity and quality of disseminated radiation in the
      irradiated medium].

PMID- 13682419
TI  - [Cysts of the lung complicated by spontaneous pneumothorax].

PMID- 13682420
TI  - [Experimental data on the problem of the role of Gamasidae in the transmission of
      tick encephalitis and Omsk hemorrhagic fever viruses].

PMID- 13682421
TI  - [Effect of hypoxic hypoxia and of low barometric pressure on human
      electrocardiograms (vectormetric analysis)].

PMID- 13682422
TI  - [Electrocardiographic changes in human subjects breathing oxygen under excessive
      pressure and their relation to the degree of external pressure exerted on the
      body (vectormetric analysis)].

PMID- 13682423
TI  - [Recombination of Actinomyces aureofaciens].

PMID- 13682424
TI  - Transduction in Actionmycetes.

PMID- 13682425
TI  - [Experimental increase of the frequency of diploidy of the nuclei of mycelial
      heterokaryons in Penicillium janchewskii].

PMID- 13682427
TI  - [Changes in physical and chemical factors in the selection of microorganisms].

PMID- 13682426
TI  - Genetic control of oxytetracycline biosynthesis.

PMID- 13682428
TI  - A note on norms for scatter analysis on the Wechsler intelligence scales.

PMID- 13682429
TI  - [The effectiveness of metazid in the treatment of patients with tuberculosis of
      the lungs].

PMID- 13682430
TI  - [Organization of tuberculosis control in Uzbekistan].

PMID- 13682431
TI  - [Identification of nucleic acid components by a combined electrodialytic and
      circular paper chromatographic method].

PMID- 13682432
TI  - [Paper chromatography of higher fatty acids with the use of urea].

PMID- 13682433
TI  - [A water-soluble lipid complex from the cells of diphtherial microbes].

PMID- 13682434
TI  - [Coronary heart diseases in Filipinos. Studies on 194 cases].

PMID- 13682435
TI  - [Oscillometric index and intramuscular and surface temperature of the lower
      extremities in diabetic patients].

PMID- 13682436
TI  - [Research on the distribution of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase in various rat
      tissues and organs].

PMID- 13682437
TI  - [Pulmonary histogenic reactions in experimental tubercular infections by INI
      resistant bacteria].

PMID- 13682438
TI  - [The diaphragm in primary cancer of the lung. Anatomohistological study].

PMID- 13682439
TI  - [Endocavitary aspiration in subjects during initial recovery and in those in
      chronic phases].

PMID- 13682440
TI  - [On the problem of immediate results of cesarean section on the newborn].

PMID- 13682441
TI  - [Clinical observations on the possible therapeutic applications in
      otorhinolaryngoiatria of a new sulfonamide of prolonged action].

PMID- 13682442
TI  - [Some virus diseases in childhood with uncertain symptomatology and difficult
      diagnosis].

PMID- 13682443
TI  - [Unusual ophthalmoscopic picture in thrombosis of the central vein of the
      retina].

PMID- 13682444
TI  - [Disturbances caused by angiospasm].

PMID- 13682445
TI  - [On functional conditions of the reflex apparatus in deep hypothermia].

PMID- 13682446
TI  - [The influence of blood transfusions on the bone marrow of premature infants].

PMID- 13682447
TI  - [The treatment of patients with dysentery with small doses of chlortetracycline
      (biomycin)].

PMID- 13682448
TI  - [The effect of vitamin C requirement of the body on the immunological reactivity
      of patients with dysentery].

PMID- 13682449
TI  - [Enzymatic proteolysis in the treatment of urological diseases].

PMID- 13682450
TI  - [The surgical treatment of cicatricial stenosis of the esophagus].

PMID- 13682451
TI  - [The surgical treatment of cicatricial stenosis of the esophagus].

PMID- 13682452
TI  - [Viremia after unsuccessful vaccination with attenuated lymph, II].

PMID- 13682453
TI  - Diphosphopyridine nucleotide-tryptophan interactions.

PMID- 13682454
TI  - [Neurofibroma of the diaphragm and Bamberger-Marie osteoarthropathy].

PMID- 13682455
TI  - [The combination of prednisone and antibiotics in various forms of pulmonary
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 13682456
TI  - [Intrapleural pneumothorax and its indications].

PMID- 13682457
TI  - [Demonstration of cystine in the body].

PMID- 13682458
TI  - [Problems of diagnosis peculiar to urinary thiasis in the child].

PMID- 13682459
TI  - [Indications for tracheotomy in acute dyspnea in childhood].

PMID- 13682460
TI  - Internal fixation of a severe clavicular fracture in a child.

PMID- 13682461
TI  - [Q fever as a cause of hepatitis].

PMID- 13682462
TI  - [On the problem of carcinogensis following thorotrastpyelography].

PMID- 13682463
TI  - [On the clinical aspects and histology of congenital pachyonychia].

PMID- 13682464
TI  - On the inflammation of the nail organ.

PMID- 13682465
TI  - Addison's disease in pregnancy.

PMID- 13682466
TI  - Bowel management in gynaecological and obstetric patients.

PMID- 13682467
TI  - [Hydatid cyst of the left ventricle].

PMID- 13682468
TI  - [Hydatid cyst of the left ventricle].

PMID- 13682469
TI  - [Controlled hypothermia in cardiovascular surgery, Introduction].

PMID- 13682470
TI  - [Ductus arteriosus with major pulmonary hypertension. Introduction].

PMID- 13682471
TI  - Iron-deficiency anemia in pregnancy. Evaluation of diagnosis and therapy by bone
      marrow hemosiderin.

PMID- 13682472
TI  - [Changes in acid mucopolysaccharides of rat skin following local application of
      sex hormones].

PMID- 13682473
TI  - Effect of percutaneous application of testosterone propionate and of estradiol
      benzoate on the total acid mucopolysaccharides of rat skin.

PMID- 13682474
TI  - Mendelson's syndrome (inhalation of gastric contents) in anaethesia and sedative
      overdose.

PMID- 13682475
TI  - Ventricular fibrilation in a burned boy.

PMID- 13682476
TI  - The treatment of lepromatous leprosy with neovadrine and vadrine in combination
      with DDS.

PMID- 13682477
TI  - [An emergency kit for small hospitals].

PMID- 13682478
TI  - Memorizing, recoding and perceptual organization.

PMID- 13682479
TI  - Glomus tumour of the stomach.

PMID- 13682480
TI  - The need for rehabilitation in industry.

PMID- 13682481
TI  - Nialamide (Niamid) in angina pectoris; report of a double-blind trial.

PMID- 13682482
TI  - Vernal conjunctivitis as an atopic disease.
AB  - In a study of 30 cases of vernal conjunctivitis, antibodies to grass pollen were
      demonstrated in 16 of 29 patients tested by direct skin tests, in 11 of 30 tested
      by the Prausnitz-Kustner method and in 22 of 30 by the bis-diazotized benzidine
      hemagglutination method.A personal history of major atopic disease was found in
      13 of 27 patients, and a family history of atopic disease in 16 of 26 patients
      questioned.Conjunctival eosinophilia was found in all cases. Results of the study
      indicated that vernal conjunctivitis is an atopic disease.

PMID- 13682483
TI  - [An anesthetist in the Congo].

PMID- 13682484
TI  - [Plan for the active introduction of mental hygiene in education].

PMID- 13682485
TI  - [On the subject of new possibilities in the study of the metabolism of cancerous
      tumors and their treatment].

PMID- 13682486
TI  - [On the problem of preparation of a leukocyte mass].

PMID- 13682487
TI  - Symposium on medical education--No. 3. VII. The role of surgery in the education
      of the physician for family practice.

PMID- 13682488
TI  - The estimation of stature in British and East African males. Based on tibial and
      ulnar bone lengths.

PMID- 13682489
TI  - Absorption of vitamin B12 in man following extensive resection of the jejumum,
      and colon.

PMID- 13682490
TI  - The effect of antibiotics in intestinal strangulation. An experimental study.

PMID- 13682491
TI  - Hypomagnesaemia in cattle and sheep.

PMID- 13682492
TI  - [On the presumed existence of a system of chromaffin cells in human skin].

PMID- 13682493
TI  - [Mastocytosis in man. (Clinico-experimental study)].

PMID- 13682494
TI  - [Metachromasia of the epidermis: hypothesis on the significance based on its
      behavior after hyaluronidase].

PMID- 13682495
TI  - [Primary sarcomatosis of the skin].

PMID- 13682496
TI  - [Comparative cytological study of 3 cases of plasmocytoma].

PMID- 13682497
TI  - [Subphrenic abscess caused by Proteus morgagni].

PMID- 13682499
TI  - Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in irradiated rats.

PMID- 13682498
TI  - The role of chrysotherapy in active rheumatoid arthritis. Twenty-five year
      evaluation.

PMID- 13682500
TI  - The sensitizing effect of whole-body x-irradiation in guinea-pigs.

PMID- 13682501
TI  - Neural tissue and pulmonary lesions in normal and irradiated rats injected with
      homogenized homologous lung tissue mixed with Freund's adjuvant.

PMID- 13682502
TI  - Growth of tumours in rats fed with 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene injected with
      homogenized tumour mixed with Freund adjuvant.

PMID- 13682503
TI  - Pregnancy in the absence of adrenal cortical function.

PMID- 13682504
TI  - Malt soup extract in treatment of potassium deficiency.

PMID- 13682505
TI  - Applied anatomy of paranasal sinuses.

PMID- 13682506
TI  - Resistance to X-irradiation by embryonic cells of the limb-buds of tadpoles.

PMID- 13682507
TI  - Iron in experimental malaria: relation to the histological picture.

PMID- 13682508
TI  - Congenital (erythroid) hypoplastic anemia: cortisone treated.

PMID- 13682509
TI  - Oxidative hemolysis and precipitation of hemoglobin. II. Role of thiols in
      oxidant drug action.

PMID- 13682510
TI  - Amino acid accumulation by human reticulocytes.

PMID- 13682512
TI  - Why are research grant applications disapproved?

PMID- 13682511
TI  - An effect of ionizing radiations on the hydrogen bonds in wol.

PMID- 13682513
TI  - Blood groups of the Penobscot Indians.

PMID- 13682514
TI  - Treatment of spontaneous tumours by temporary local ligation. A comparative study
      in dogs.
AB  - Previous work in some human cases and in laboratory animals has indicated that
      temporary local ligation of spontaneous tumours has a selective destructive
      effect on these tumours, with only temporary inflammation resulting in normal
      tissues. In the experiments described in this paper, 49 spontaneous accessible
      tumours in dogs were treated by this method, with periods of ligation of from 4
      to 11 hours. Success, as measured by selective necrosis of tumour tissue as
      compared with normal tissue, was achieved in 29 out of 41 benign tumours,
      including lipomas, angiomas, adenomas and mixed mammary tumours. Treatment
      failures were encountered in two cases each of papillomas and fibromas, six mixed
      mammary tumours and two testicular tumours. Total necrosis of tumour cells
      occurred in all eight malignant tumours encountered in this series.The
      outstanding feature was the specific destruction of tumour tissue by a bodily
      process without participation of any outside agent. Emphasis was placed on an
      adequate inflammatory response following temporary anoxia, although a precise
      definition of this inflammation could not be offered. Post-ligation bacterial
      multiplication, which may be expected to occur in necrotic tumour tissue, is
      considered to be a secondary effect rather than a possible primary cause of
      regression and disappearance of the tumour.If ligation treatment can be shown to
      be successful for a particular type of tumour, it may be possible to apply it to
      human patients for the treatment of areas not amenable to surgery.The results
      reported here warrant new experimental approaches to the study of neoplasms at
      the cellular level to define more precisely the anoxic and inflammatory processes
      involved in the selective lethal effect on tumour tissues; and the authors
      suggest that trials should be undertaken of combinations of chemotherapy or
      irradiation with ligation to reduce ligation time and extend the possible
      benefits.

PMID- 13682516
TI  - The M quadruplets. II. The interpretation of quantitative differences.

PMID- 13682515
TI  - Intellectual potential and heredity.
AB  - When infant developmental quotients are compared with children's intelligence
      quotients, it appears that most subnormality is manifested only at the later age.
      This phenomenon has been cited as evidence that environment chiefly determines
      intelligence, but the argument is circular. A helpful approach to the nature
      nurture problem is afforded by the geneticists' concept of reaction norms or
      "reaction repertoires."

PMID- 13682517
TI  - Eversive cervicitis.

PMID- 13682518
TI  - Ante-partum fetal hemorrhage--a danger to infant and mother.

PMID- 13682519
TI  - Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the nose and maxillary sinuses.

PMID- 13682520
TI  - Mass photofluorography. An analysis of its use for detection of cardiovascular
      diseases.

PMID- 13682521
TI  - Bacteriology in relation to hospital infections.

PMID- 13682522
TI  - Surgical management of recurrent carcinoma of the cervix.

PMID- 13682523
TI  - Pericardial biopsy.

PMID- 13682524
TI  - Congenital aphasia and the higher speech function.

PMID- 13682525
TI  - Extrapyramidal muscular rigidity, spasticity and tonic innervation with reference
      to total brain function.

PMID- 13682526
TI  - Temporary loss of vision.

PMID- 13682527
TI  - The emergency treatment of severe burns.

PMID- 13682528
TI  - The development of Pandora inaequivalvis (Linne).

PMID- 13682530
TI  - Tracheotomy in poliomyelitis and similar diseases.

PMID- 13682529
TI  - Effects of dextran, polyvinylpyrrolidone and gamma globulin on the hyperlipidemia
      of experimental nephrosis.

PMID- 13682531
TI  - Nonopaque ureteral calculus.

PMID- 13682532
TI  - Torsion of the spermatic cord.

PMID- 13682533
TI  - Antigens and antibodies.

PMID- 13682534
TI  - The trabeculotome: an instrument for trabeculotomy ab externo.

PMID- 13682535
TI  - [Vaginal cytology in a case of cancer of the urethra].

PMID- 13682536
TI  - Observation of two photoreactions in photosynthesis.

PMID- 13682537
TI  - The phoro-accommodometer and the ACA ratio.

PMID- 13682538
TI  - Beta-glucuronidase activities in tumors of the nervous system.

PMID- 13682539
TI  - Variants and subgroups in the ABO system.

PMID- 13682540
TI  - Surgical experience in resection of aneurysms of the thoracic aorta.

PMID- 13682541
TI  - Cysts of the posterior ciliary body (pars plana).

PMID- 13682542
TI  - Ocular findings in hereditary ochronosis.

PMID- 13682543
TI  - Studies on an immunogenic agent against Brucella abortus. I. Preliminary studies
      of an immunologically active soluble agglutinogen.

PMID- 13682544
TI  - Streaming in cytoplasm dissociated from the giant amoeba, Chaos chaos.

PMID- 13682545
TI  - A new theory of ameboid movement and protoplasmic streaming.

PMID- 13682546
TI  - The consistency of ameba cytoplasm and its bearing on the mechanism of ameboid
      movement. II. The effects of centrifugal acceleration observed in the centrifuge
      microscope.
AB  - Three species of common, free-living amebae, Amoeba proteus, Amoeba dubia, and
      Chaos chaos were directly observed and photographed while exposed to a range of
      centrifugal accelerations in two types of centrifuge microscopes. Cytoplasmic
      inclusions in all three species are displaced discontinuously (at a variable
      velocity) in apparently all parts of the cell, suggesting non-Newtonian behavior
      and/or heterogeneous consistency. The ectoplasm of all species shows the highest
      yield point of any region in the cell; the posterior ectoplasm is less rigid than
      that in the anterior part of the cell. The axial part of the endoplasm shows
      evidence of structure (a sharp viscosity transition if not a true yield point) by
      its: (a) resistance to the displacement of particles carried in that region of
      the cell, (b) hindrance to the passage through the cell of inclusions displaced
      from other regions, and its (c) support without visible back-slip of inclusion
      being resuspended in the axial endoplasm in a centripetal direction at
      accelerations as high as 170 g. At this acceleration, each crystal "weighs" the
      equivalent reduced weight of seven times its volume in gold at 1 g. The only
      regions of the normal, moving cell which show clear evidence of low apparent
      viscosity are the "shear zone" (see Fig. 8) and the "recruitment zone." Possible
      reasons for low apparent viscosity in these regions are discussed. A new scheme
      of ameba "structure" is presented on the basis of the combined results of
      velocity profile analysis and the present centrifugation study.

PMID- 13682547
TI  - Phenylketonuria with normal intelligence.

PMID- 13682548
TI  - The search for phenylketonuria in Michigan.

PMID- 13682549
TI  - The detection and diagnosis of phenylketonuria.

PMID- 13682550
TI  - Epidermoid cysts of the spleen in children.

PMID- 13682551
TI  - Observations on the effect of exercise on blood ammonia concentration in man.

PMID- 13682552
TI  - Hypertrophy of the clitoris in an infant.

PMID- 13682553
TI  - Total body potassium and gross body composition in relation to age.

PMID- 13682554
TI  - One year's experience with trifluoperazine in treatment of chronic mental
      disorders.

PMID- 13682555
TI  - School personnel and the onset of menstruation.

PMID- 13682556
TI  - Phaeochromocytoma demonstrated by translumbar aortography.

PMID- 13682557
TI  - [Hemorrhagic infarction of the epiploic appendix of the base of the cecum,
      determinant of acute abdomen].

PMID- 13682558
TI  - [Appendectomy in the radical treatment of right inguinal hernia. (Original
      technic)].

PMID- 13682559
TI  - [Surgical treatment of acute cholecystitis].

PMID- 13682560
TI  - [Congestive state in acute glomerulonephritis].

PMID- 13682561
TI  - The bacterial flora of the skin of amputation stumps.

PMID- 13682562
TI  - Dermatological manifestations of interest to the ophthalmologist.

PMID- 13682563
TI  - Follow-up study of psychiatry and neurology patients evacuated to the continental
      United States.

PMID- 13682564
TI  - [Combined penthiobarbital and anethocurarium anesthesia for cesarean sections and
      gynecological operations].

PMID- 13682565
TI  - [Clinical research on the action of a thiocolchicoside in neurology].

PMID- 13682566
TI  - Traumatic aortic aneurysm: graftless excision, anastomosis.

PMID- 13682567
TI  - Bronchial arterial collateral circulation. Effect of experimental ligation of the
      pulmonary artery and subsequent reanastomosis.

PMID- 13682568
TI  - Reactions governing incorporation of amino acids into the proteins of the
      isolated cell nucleus.

PMID- 13682569
TI  - Sodium-dependent "transport" reactions in the cell nucleus and their role in
      protein and nucleic acid synthesis.

PMID- 13682570
TI  - How cells make molecules.

PMID- 13682571
TI  - Newer developments in vinegar manufacture.

PMID- 13682572
TI  - A dielectric study of sugar beet pectin in aqueous solution.

PMID- 13682573
TI  - [Biochemical determination of amine oxidase inhibition in vivo during treatment
      with beta-phenylisopropylhydrazine (Catron)].

PMID- 13682574
TI  - [An unusual tumor of the anterior central mediastinum].

PMID- 13682575
TI  - [Screw fixation of fractures of the tibia].

PMID- 13682577
TI  - [Role of displacement and of habitat in the psychopathological reactions of a
      group of repartriates of European stock originally of Tunisia].

PMID- 13682576
TI  - The renal clearance of I-131 during the infusion of NaI-131 and insulin-I-131.

PMID- 13682578
TI  - The use of paraffin in leprosy.

PMID- 13682579
TI  - Abnormal distribution of nucleic acid in tissue culture cells infected with
      polyoma virus.

PMID- 13682580
TI  - The effect of vitamin B12 and two vitamin B12 antagonists on the growth of HeLa
      cells in tissue culture and of Ochromonas malhamensis.

PMID- 13682581
TI  - Haptoglobins and transferrins in some East African peoples.

PMID- 13682582
TI  - An isoprecipitation reaction distinguishing human serum-protein types.

PMID- 13682583
TI  - Haemoglobin of the lamprey, Lampetra fluviatilis.

PMID- 13682584
TI  - Erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in West Africa.

PMID- 13682585
TI  - Malaria in African children with deficient erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate
      dehydrogenase.

PMID- 13682586
TI  - An abnormality of blood lipids in hereditary spherocytosis.

PMID- 13682588
TI  - Genetic factors in resistance to malaria.

PMID- 13682587
TI  - Inhibition of cellular respiration by co-carcinogenic fractions of croton oil.

PMID- 13682589
TI  - Interference with, and interferon production by, polyoma virus.

PMID- 13682590
TI  - Turnovers of erythrocytes and plasma proteins in mammals.

PMID- 13682591
TI  - Practical points in management of staphylococcal disease.

PMID- 13682592
TI  - Relationship of social class to the use of hypnotics in hospitalized depressives.

PMID- 13682593
TI  - [The ideal aminogram].

PMID- 13682594
TI  - The abnormal cantharidin blister in atopy: an explanation of its production.

PMID- 13682595
TI  - Demethylchloretracycline hydrochloride in the treatment of 267 patients with
      acute gonorrhea: results and evaluation.

PMID- 13682596
TI  - Griseofulvin and fungus infection.

PMID- 13682597
TI  - Metabolic studies on mononuclear cells from rabbits of varying genetic resistance
      to tuberculosis. I. Studies on cells of normal noninfected animals.

PMID- 13682598
TI  - Pulmonary embolism.

PMID- 13682599
TI  - Successful excision of a dissecting aneurysm of the aorta complicating
      coarctation.

PMID- 13682600
TI  - Swallowing and dysphagia.

PMID- 13682601
TI  - The estimation of chorionic gonadotrophin in placental tissue and urine as a
      means of early detection of invasive mole and chorion carcinoma.

PMID- 13682602
TI  - The evaluation of urinary chorionic gonadotrophin in all post-gestational
      patients in the Huddersfield area for a period of one year.

PMID- 13682603
TI  - Epidemiology of disseminated sclerosis.

PMID- 13682604
TI  - Geographic distribution of multiple sclerosis. Preliminary notes on a comparative
      study of prevalence in Charleston, S.C. and Halifax, N.S.

PMID- 13682605
TI  - Skin problems in aging.

PMID- 13682607
TI  - [Contribution to the measurement of roentgen rays in the 5 to 50kV region].

PMID- 13682606
TI  - Loss of potential young in the ewe due to high ambient temperature.

PMID- 13682608
TI  - Socio-economic factors and medical practice.

PMID- 13682609
TI  - Our responsibility in the prevention and treatment of athletic injuries.

PMID- 13682610
TI  - [Estrogenic activity of the corpus luteum of the rat receiving androsta-1, 4
      diene-3, 17-dione, androsta-1, 4-diene-17 beta-o1-3-one and 19-nortestosterone].

PMID- 13682611
TI  - [Ascites in the portal hypertension syndrome. Pathogenic discussion].

PMID- 13682612
TI  - Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis.

PMID- 13682613
TI  - Modern hospital lighting.

PMID- 13682614
TI  - The open system in personality theory.

PMID- 13682615
TI  - The manatee:ecology and use for weed control.

PMID- 13682616
TI  - [Surgical risks in the very old person].

PMID- 13682617
TI  - Method for kinetic study of in vitro conversion of a C14-labeled substrate to
      CO2.

PMID- 13682618
TI  - Lactic acid release by intraarterial adrenaline infusions before and after
      dibenyline, and its relationship to blood-flow changes in the human forearm.

PMID- 13682619
TI  - The effectiveness of unanticipated persuasive communications.

PMID- 13682620
TI  - The hemodynamics of cerebral circulatory insufficiency.

PMID- 13682621
TI  - [Present status of conservative and surgical indications for the therapy of
      bronchiectasis].

PMID- 13682622
TI  - [Biliodigestive anastomosis: choledochoduodenostomy. A trend toward extension of
      its indications].

PMID- 13682623
TI  - [On bone marrow transplanation in various hypoplastic conditions of the blood].

PMID- 13682624
TI  - [Methods of malaria eradication in Kaszakhstan. I. Malarial disease incidence in
      the Kokchetav region and methods of its eradication].

PMID- 13682625
TI  - [A case of surgical cure of congenital diaphragmatic hernia in a newborn].

PMID- 13682626
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the value of BCG. Relation to the lepromin test in
      childhood].

PMID- 13682627
TI  - [Cardiac changes caused by uncontrolled therapy].

PMID- 13682628
TI  - [Determinism of meniscal dysplasias in meniscus ruptures in sports medicine
      practice].

PMID- 13682629
TI  - [Apropos of an essential osseous cyst of the upper extremity of the femur
      complicated by fracture and treated with success by osteosynthesis and autograft.
      Review with special reference to its pathogenesis].

PMID- 13682630
TI  - [Current criteria in the treatment of burns].

PMID- 13682631
TI  - The activity of desoxyribonuclease I in serum in acute pancreatitis.

PMID- 13682632
TI  - New amebicides: unsaturated amides related to chlorophenoxamide.

PMID- 13682633
TI  - The consequences of systematic error in enzyme kinetics.

PMID- 13682634
TI  - Studies on sulfation factor (SF) activity of human serum. Rate of decrease of
      serum SF after hypophysectomy.

PMID- 13682635
TI  - Studies on sulfation factor (SF) activity of human serum. Serum SF in
      hypopituitarism and acromegaly.

PMID- 13682637
TI  - Studies on sulfation factor (SF) activity of human serum. The effects of
      oestrogen and x-ray therapy on serum SF activity in acromegaly.

PMID- 13682638
TI  - Studies on sulfation factor (SF) activity of human serum. The variation of serum
      SF with age.

PMID- 13682639
TI  - Studies on sulfation factor (SF) activity of human serum. Effect of human growth
      hormone on SF levels in pituitary dwarfism.

PMID- 13682640
TI  - Current trends in graduate training in gastroenterology.

PMID- 13682641
TI  - Observations on the pathologic physiology of ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 13682642
TI  - Some comments on the usefulness of electronic data processing in medical
      practice.

PMID- 13682643
TI  - [Kretschmer's graduated active hypnosis].

PMID- 13682644
TI  - [Psychotherapy and conditioned reflex. Impressions from East Germany].

PMID- 13682645
TI  - [Lesions of pigeon muscle mitochondria in avitaminosis B1 and denervation
      atrophy].

PMID- 13682647
TI  - [New renal physiological concept. Nephrorenal short circuit and intertubular or
      nephronal space].

PMID- 13682646
TI  - [The muscle proteins in myopathies].

PMID- 13682648
TI  - [Acute and subacute perforation of the gallbladder and bile ducts].

PMID- 13682649
TI  - [Anatomoclinical study of 18 cases of dimorphous leprosy. Symposium on dimorphous
      (borderline) leprosy].

PMID- 13682650
TI  - Tubercularization and leprosy.

PMID- 13682651
TI  - [Spinous cell epithelioma of the tongue. Its diagnosis and surgical treatment].

PMID- 13682652
TI  - [Acranial fetuses of pregnant women with deformed pelves].

PMID- 13682653
TI  - [On the problems caused by epilepsy in vocational guidance].

PMID- 13682654
TI  - [The pseudopsychopathic form of endogenous hypomania].

PMID- 13682655
TI  - [The electrocardiogram in intraventricular communication].

PMID- 13682656
TI  - [Pathogenic considerations for the treatment of obesity].

PMID- 13682657
TI  - [Treatment of tuberculous meningitis with the p-amino-salicylate of isoniazid
      (Dipasic)].

PMID- 13682658
TI  - [Behavior of the aerobic bacterial flora of infants in relation to antibiotics].

PMID- 13682659
TI  - [Hospitalization of the abandoned child].

PMID- 13682660
TI  - [Renal hydatid cysts. Total transperitoneal cystectomy].

PMID- 13682661
TI  - Diastolic hypertension and cutaneous gangerne of the legs (Martorell's syndrome).
      (A case report).

PMID- 13682663
TI  - [Contribution to the surgical treatment of arterial aneurysms of the
      extremities].

PMID- 13682662
TI  - [Clinical study of pseudocysts of the pancreas].

PMID- 13682664
TI  - [The Chevassu-Hinman operation in malignant tumors of the testicle].

PMID- 13682665
TI  - [Dehiscence and duodenal fistulas].

PMID- 13682667
TI  - [Medical ethics and the military code].

PMID- 13682668
TI  - [The hospital and modern medicine].

PMID- 13682666
TI  - [Conscience and military honor].

PMID- 13682669
TI  - [Suppression of the inhibiting power of iron on diphtheric toxinogenesis by means
      of yeast (yeast effect)].

PMID- 13682670
TI  - [Mitotic activity during muscular work].

PMID- 13682671
TI  - "God knows everything, but the government knows everything better".

PMID- 13682672
TI  - [Should thesan be used in the treatment of leukopenias?].

PMID- 13682673
TI  - Effects of ionizing radiation on rat lymphoid tissue in vivo.

PMID- 13682674
TI  - A rapid assay method for tritium in bacterial cells.

PMID- 13682675
TI  - Cellular radiobiology.

PMID- 13682676
TI  - Variability in the oxygen effect observed with micro-organisms. II. Escherichia
      coli B.

PMID- 13682677
TI  - The enigma of typical total monochromacy.

PMID- 13682679
TI  - Anxiety in academic achievement situations.

PMID- 13682678
TI  - Osteolysis of the acromial end of the clavicles in rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 13682680
TI  - [Television and the family].

PMID- 13682681
TI  - [Social service in the hospital and the necessary liaisons with the psychologist,
      the vocational instructor, on the occasion of reclassification of the physically
      handicapped].

PMID- 13682682
TI  - [Clinical aspects of infections due to ECHO virus].

PMID- 13682683
TI  - The effect of organizational patterns on programs for trainable children in New
      Jersey's public schools.

PMID- 13682684
TI  - [New concepts in the treatment of scoliosis].

PMID- 13682685
TI  - Carcinoma of the thyroid.

PMID- 13682686
TI  - [Depressive symptoms in the 2d half of life].

PMID- 13682687
TI  - [On psychopathology of cerebral circulatory disorders].

PMID- 13682689
TI  - Transfusion therapy in the emergency treatment of secondary shock.

PMID- 13682688
TI  - Thymol turbidity and thymol flocculation tests as a screening technic to detect
      blood donors carrying the hepatitis virus. II. The results of follow up studies
      of six months or more on 2,385 transfused patients.

PMID- 13682690
TI  - [Humoral imbalance of renal origin. Physiopathological basis].

PMID- 13682691
TI  - [The behavior of alkaline leukocyte phosphatase (ALP) in various diseases and its
      differential diagnostic significance].

PMID- 13682692
TI  - "Hand-foot-and-mouth disease" in Birmingham in 1959.

PMID- 13682693
TI  - Ringworm infection in a cucumber greenhouse.

PMID- 13682694
TI  - Cancer of the oral cavity treated at the Norwegian Radium Hospital.

PMID- 13682695
TI  - Ego strengthening.

PMID- 13682696
TI  - Perfusion.

PMID- 13682697
TI  - Blood culture.

PMID- 13682698
TI  - Planning the work of a new hospital.

PMID- 13682699
TI  - Recent developments in leptospirosis.

PMID- 13682700
TI  - [Summary of ice cream inspection results of Stockholm's municipal health service,
      1957-1959].

PMID- 13682701
TI  - [Treatment of simple angiomas with soft rays].

PMID- 13682702
TI  - [Transfusion of blood, blood derivatives and other solutions into the spongioid
      layer of bone].

PMID- 13682703
TI  - [Neurotic disorders in children].

PMID- 13682704
TI  - Changes in the serum proteins in the course of transplantable MR leukemia of
      rats.

PMID- 13682705
TI  - [Streptomycin and varidase in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13682706
TI  - [Meconium peritonitis].

PMID- 13682707
TI  - [Surgical therapy of coxarthrosis].

PMID- 13682708
TI  - [Prolapse of the antral mucosa in the duodenal bulb: anomaly without clinical
      value].

PMID- 13682709
TI  - [Chelating agents in the therapy of hemochromatosis. Comments on a case after one
      year of treatment].

PMID- 13682710
TI  - Electron microscopy of renal biopsies in toxemia of pregnancy.

PMID- 13682711
TI  - Management of hypertension in the pregnant woman.

PMID- 13682712
TI  - [Effects of various forms of reinforcement on the resistance to extinction in
      verbal behavior].

PMID- 13682713
TI  - Exotoxin aspects of shock.

PMID- 13682714
TI  - Critical factors influencing growth of L forms of Proteus mirabilis.

PMID- 13682715
TI  - Reversion of 3A type L forms of Proteus mirabilis.

PMID- 13682716
TI  - The relatively high frequency of whole-body mutations compared with fractionals
      induced by x-rays in Drosophila sperm.

PMID- 13682717
TI  - [On the practice of hearing aid adjustment].

PMID- 13682718
TI  - Myasthenia gravis in a southern community.

PMID- 13682719
TI  - Proposal for an epidemilogic survey of selected neurologic, myopathic and
      ophthalmologic disorders in Israel.

PMID- 13682720
TI  - [Apropos of an important epizootic focus of mouse favus caused by Achorion
      quinckeanum].

PMID- 13682722
TI  - [On the pathogenesis of fibrous dysplasia or Jaffe-Lichtenstein's disease].

PMID- 13682721
TI  - [False reactions for syphilis in cases of malaria].

PMID- 13682723
TI  - [Some notes on inferior calcaneal spurs].

PMID- 13682724
TI  - [Acute adrenocortical insufficiency in anesthesia caused by corticosteroids].

PMID- 13682725
TI  - [Peripheral anesthesia for the upper extremity. Plexic and truncal blocks].

PMID- 13682726
TI  - [Problems of anesthesia in the military field].

PMID- 13682727
TI  - Effects of exercise on serum enzyme values and tissues of rats.

PMID- 13682728
TI  - Altitude tolerance of chickens and pigeons.

PMID- 13682729
TI  - Actinomycin D and roentgen-ray therapy in the treatment of metastatic Wilms'
      tumor.

PMID- 13682730
TI  - Ultrasonic therapy of Meniere's disease.

PMID- 13682731
TI  - Measuring the need for physicians with special reference to Pennsylvania.

PMID- 13682732
TI  - Pennsylvania's supply of physicians. Comparative data.

PMID- 13682733
TI  - Fiber projections of the superior colliculus in the cat.

PMID- 13682734
TI  - The variations and course of lichen planus.

PMID- 13682735
TI  - Lymphosarcoma of the skin and testis.

PMID- 13682736
TI  - Localization of a halogenated porphyrin in mouse tumours.

PMID- 13682737
TI  - Post-traumatic hypopituitarism. Anterior pituitary insufficiency following skull
      fracture.

PMID- 13682738
TI  - [Unusual causes of esophageal varices].

PMID- 13682739
TI  - The finer structure of the human stapes. Remarks on the healing of stapedial
      fractures.

PMID- 13682740
TI  - The present status of the treatment of Meniere's disease with ultrasound.

PMID- 13682741
TI  - [On lung changes and lung tumors in rats after irradiation with radioactive
      strontium (Sr 90)].

PMID- 13682742
TI  - [On cytoplasmatic whorl formations in rat liver cells in chronic thioacetamide
      poisoning].

PMID- 13682743
TI  - [A contribution to the pathology of the cellular central apparatus according to
      observations of a brain tumor].

PMID- 13682744
TI  - [On coccidia as "nuclear inclusions". Observations on Cyclospora caryolytica
      Schaudinn].

PMID- 13682745
TI  - [Problems in the focal theory].

PMID- 13682746
TI  - [Relations of the venous pulse to auricular pressure].

PMID- 13682747
TI  - [Diabetes among Yemenite Jews in Israel. I. Incidence of diabetes and of its
      vascular complications].

PMID- 13682748
TI  - [A clinical study of the screening value of abreography].

PMID- 13682749
TI  - [2 cases of fatal poisoning by aminophylline].

PMID- 13682750
TI  - [A case of nanism: typus amstelodamensis].

PMID- 13682751
TI  - Changes in self-ideal discrepancy in repressors and sensitizers.

PMID- 13682752
TI  - Congenital ocular motor apraxia.

PMID- 13682753
TI  - [Training in psychiatric nursing].

PMID- 13682754
TI  - Influence of glutathione on serum cholesterol in rabbits.

PMID- 13682755
TI  - Influence of nicotinic acid on starvation hypercholesteremia in rabbits.

PMID- 13682756
TI  - [Experimental atherosclerosis in prairie gophers (Citellus or Arctomys
      Richardonii, Sabine)].

PMID- 13682758
TI  - Some biochemical aspects of psychiatry.

PMID- 13682757
TI  - Effect of injections of placebos on blood glutathione level and eosinophil counts
      in chronic schizophrenia.

PMID- 13682759
TI  - Platelets and platelet phosphatides in uremia.

PMID- 13682760
TI  - The gas phase reactions of nitrogen oxides with olefins.

PMID- 13682761
TI  - The interaction of ozone with plastic and metallic materials in a dynamic flow
      system.

PMID- 13682762
TI  - [Cytopathogenic activity of a mouse hepatitis virus (EDP virus) in monkey kidney
      cells].

PMID- 13682763
TI  - [Ketoaldehyde derivatives of biphenyl in infection by A-PR8 virus in embryonated
      chicken eggs. 1. Activity of xenalamine].

PMID- 13682764
TI  - [Ketoaldehyde derivatives of biphenyl in infection by A-PR8 virus in embryonated
      chicken eggs. 2. Activity of 4,4'-bis-biphenylglyoxal hydrate].

PMID- 13682765
TI  - [Ketoaldehyde derivatives of biphenyl in infection by A-PR8 virus in embryonated
      chicken eggs. 3. Comparison of the activity of xenalamine and of 4,4'
      bisbiphenylylglyoxal hydrate in the embryonated egg and in vitro in relation to
      influenza virus A-PR8].

PMID- 13682766
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the influenza outbreak in Italy in 1959: clinico
      epidemiological, virological and serological aspects of several epidemic foci].

PMID- 13682767
TI  - [Analysis of some quantitative aspects of the multiplicative dynamics of the A
      PR8 influenza virus in chorion-allantoic membrane culture in vitro].

PMID- 13682768
TI  - [Aldosterone in experimental viral infections. V. Activity in infections by A-PR8
      virus in chorioallantoic membrane cultures in vitro].

PMID- 13682769
TI  - [Aldosterone in experimental viral infections. IV. Activity in infections by A
      PR8 virus in the mouse].

PMID- 13682771
TI  - [Apropos of a case of fracture of the larynx].

PMID- 13682770
TI  - [Recent contributions on the biological characteristics of the EDP virus].

PMID- 13682772
TI  - [Interuterine placental coalescence].

PMID- 13682773
TI  - [Normal placental premature abruption. One of its causes].

PMID- 13682774
TI  - [Intraarterial treatment with alpha-chymotrypsin in arteriosclerosis obliterans].

PMID- 13682775
TI  - [Intra-arterial infusion of alpha-chymotrypsin in the treatment of vascular
      infarcts during the course of arteriosclerosis].

PMID- 13682776
TI  - [A new type of non-traumatic surgical needle].

PMID- 13682777
TI  - [Anatomical characteristics in pulmonary surgery].

PMID- 13682778
TI  - [Nature of blood supply to the recto-sigmoid portion of the large intestine and
      its practical significance].

PMID- 13682779
TI  - [On collateral arterial anastomoses of the recto-sigmoid portion of the large
      intestine].

PMID- 13682780
TI  - [Universal extension splint for the lower extremity].

PMID- 13682781
TI  - [A foreign body (compress) in the lumen of the small intestines].

PMID- 13682782
TI  - The function of the virus diagnostic laboratory.

PMID- 13682783
TI  - Correlative data for first-semester grade averages at the University of
      California, Santa Barbara.

PMID- 13682784
TI  - Intellective and non-intellective factors in a classroom test.

PMID- 13682785
TI  - [Ureteral stenosis in carcinoma of the cervix uteri. Prognostic significance and
      surgical treatment].

PMID- 13682786
TI  - [Historical research on pharmacists of Pinerolo].

PMID- 13682787
TI  - [Teaching of cancerology for physicians in the Mexican Republic].

PMID- 13682788
TI  - [Report on the grade examinations of nursing schools in Peru].

PMID- 13682789
TI  - [Considerations concerning 6 cases of so-called granular cell myoblastomas].

PMID- 13682790
TI  - Carcinoma of the ear (external and middle)

PMID- 13682792
TI  - [The problem of cancer in Mexico].

PMID- 13682791
TI  - beta-Galactosidase changes in the developing intestinal tract of the rat.

PMID- 13682793
TI  - [Action of oral methylergonovine on the contractility of the pregnant uterus].

PMID- 13682794
TI  - [Side-effects of oxytocin on the cardiovascular system].

PMID- 13682795
TI  - [Symposium on fetal and newborn anoxia. III. Diagnosis of hypoxia by laboratory
      procedures].

PMID- 13682796
TI  - [Physiological importance of the reflexogenic zone of the carotid sinus].

PMID- 13682797
TI  - [Ota's ophthalmo-maxillary nevus fusco-caeruleus].

PMID- 13682798
TI  - [A new syndrome: the goiter-mastopathy-myoma-metropathy syndrome].

PMID- 13682799
TI  - [Gregorio Maranon, physician and professor].

PMID- 13682800
TI  - [Neuroendocrine aspects in the etiopathogenesis of peptic ulcer].

PMID- 13682801
TI  - [The goiter-mastopathy-myoma-metropathy syndrome].

PMID- 13682802
TI  - [Utilization of gasometry in the premature infant].

PMID- 13682803
TI  - [Cancer, an avoidable disease].

PMID- 13682804
TI  - [On the influence of sex, age and other biological factors on the resistance in
      insects to an insecticide].

PMID- 13682805
TI  - [Pelvic presentation in the primipara. (Experience of the Maternidad del Hospital
      del Salvador during the period 1955-1958)].

PMID- 13682807
TI  - [Considerations on on a case of chronic tuberculoma of the iris].

PMID- 13682806
TI  - [Fetal distress. Obstetrical consequence and consequence in the newborn].

PMID- 13682808
TI  - [Importance of the study of the visual field. Presentation of 5 cases].

PMID- 13682809
TI  - [Culture of the postmortem human kidney and its susceptibility to enteroviruses].

PMID- 13682810
TI  - [Treatment of essential arterial hypertension in the railroad union].

PMID- 13682811
TI  - [Glucocorticoids and cicatrization].

PMID- 13682813
TI  - Some important features of migraine.

PMID- 13682812
TI  - Human genetics--the next big step forward in medicine.

PMID- 13682814
TI  - The vanishing art of diagnosis with the eyes and ears.

PMID- 13682815
TI  - A conditioned reflex which reproduces the hypoglycemic effect of insulin.

PMID- 13682816
TI  - A study of the afferent path of the hypoglycemic reflex of insulin.

PMID- 13682817
TI  - [Bronchiol-alveolar cancer of the lung].

PMID- 13682818
TI  - [Relapses of pulmonary tuberculosis after sanatorial treatment].

PMID- 13682819
TI  - [Several memorable dates in the life of Doctor Maranon].

PMID- 13682820
TI  - [Perforated duodenal diverticulum].

PMID- 13682821
TI  - [Atherosclerosis: social and health problems].

PMID- 13682822
TI  - [On true collagenoses].

PMID- 13682823
TI  - [Gastric cancer].

PMID- 13682824
TI  - [Portacaval anastomoses].

PMID- 13682825
TI  - [Restoration of extrahepaticbiliary circulation].

PMID- 13682826
TI  - [Surgery of hypertensive porto-hepatosplenic syndrome in Manson's
      schistosomiasis].

PMID- 13682827
TI  - [Repair of the principal external biliferous duct after surgical injury].

PMID- 13682828
TI  - [Recent contributions on anesthesia in ophthalmological surgery. Local
      anesthesia].

PMID- 13682829
TI  - [Cyst and fistula of the thyroglossal canal. (Considerations on 10 operated
      children)].

PMID- 13682830
TI  - A brief note on a new focus of filariasis in Southern Rhodesia.

PMID- 13682831
TI  - Preliminary field trials with M&B 2948A in Schistosoma haematobium infections in
      man.

PMID- 13682832
TI  - The family physician as an educator.

PMID- 13682833
TI  - Eclampsia complicating hydatidiform mole.

PMID- 13682834
TI  - Cystic lymphangioma of hepatic flexure of colon. Report of a case.

PMID- 13682835
TI  - Snapping scapula and Sprengel's deformity.

PMID- 13682836
TI  - The visitadora sanitaria: a Brazilian approach to the use of auxiliary public
      health workers.

PMID- 13682837
TI  - Music therapy and the cerebral palsied child.

PMID- 13682838
TI  - Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: some biological implications.

PMID- 13682839
TI  - The action of strychnine at cholinergic junctions.

PMID- 13682840
TI  - How deep is dangerous?

PMID- 13682841
TI  - [Perforated reticulosarcoma of the stomach].

PMID- 13682842
TI  - [Anatomo-clinical considerations on a case of reticulosarcoma of the bladder].

PMID- 13682843
TI  - [Considerations on a case of fibrolipoma of the spermatic cord].

PMID- 13682844
TI  - [Primary carcinomas in vesical diverticula].

PMID- 13682845
TI  - [Experimental endometrial hyperplasia. II. Effect of progesterone].

PMID- 13682846
TI  - [Acute renal insufficiency in septicotoxemia caused by Clostridium perfringens].

PMID- 13682847
TI  - [Artificial kidney. Experience with 35 dialyses].

PMID- 13682848
TI  - [Artificial kidney].

PMID- 13682849
TI  - [Renal amyloidosis. Anatomo-clinical study of 32 cases].

PMID- 13682850
TI  - [On the size of the kidney in acute renal insufficiency].

PMID- 13682851
TI  - [The masticatory apparatus in the compensation of grasping functions after
      bilateral shoulder amputation].

PMID- 13682852
TI  - [The determination of haptoglobin groups by means of simple immunological
      methods].

PMID- 13682853
TI  - Pulmonary edema of high altitude.

PMID- 13682854
TI  - [Contribution to the problem of recurrent tetanus].

PMID- 13682856
TI  - [On the pharmacotherapy of depressive states].

PMID- 13682855
TI  - [Clinical experiences with Tofranil mite. Preliminary report].

PMID- 13682857
TI  - [Postirradiation leukemia].

PMID- 13682858
TI  - [New concepts on the pathogenesis of tetany].

PMID- 13682859
TI  - [Research and physicians in professional practice].

PMID- 13682860
TI  - [Personnel dosimetry services of the Centro Dosimetrico di Bologna].

PMID- 13682861
TI  - [Infectious and hormonal syndrome in menstruation disorders].

PMID- 13682862
TI  - [Clinical aspects of headache].

PMID- 13682863
TI  - [Leukodermia of the fingers. The etiological problem].

PMID- 13682864
TI  - [Study of the somatic preoccupations of schizophrenics].

PMID- 13682865
TI  - [Massive tumor of the spinal cord; case report].

PMID- 13682867
TI  - [Arthroplasty of the hip joint].

PMID- 13682866
TI  - [On biochemical diffences in some zones of the white matter of the nervous system
      of the ox].

PMID- 13682868
TI  - Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (Still's disease).

PMID- 13682869
TI  - [Note on corticotherapy in ophthalmology (utilization of methylprednisolone)].

PMID- 13682870
TI  - [Apropos of some pathological aspects of the retinal venous network of the
      child].

PMID- 13682871
TI  - [Apropos of the development of lesions in ocular toxoplasmosis].

PMID- 13682872
TI  - [Macular heterotopia. Clinical and genetic study].

PMID- 13682873
TI  - [On the early diagnosis and heredity of capsular pseudo-exfoliation].

PMID- 13682875
TI  - [Trial of treatment of exudative diabetic retinopathy].

PMID- 13682874
TI  - [A new type of tapeto-retinal degeneration in the course of deaf-mutism].

PMID- 13682876
TI  - [Gynecomastia. Study of 113 cases. Data from simple radiography of the breast].

PMID- 13682877
TI  - [A denomegaly. A diagnostic problem].

PMID- 13682878
TI  - [On the therapy of the severe closed cerebrocranial injury].

PMID- 13682879
TI  - [Intra-arterial acetylcholine-Reverin infusion as an attempt at a directed local
      treatment of septic processes of the lower extremities].

PMID- 13682880
TI  - [Blood mast cells and heparin].

PMID- 13682881
TI  - [Acute kanamycin side-effects and histamine liberation].

PMID- 13682882
TI  - [Statistics on the incidence of acne vulgaris in 2523 men at the age of 21].

PMID- 13682883
TI  - Role of the somitic tissue in the limb development of the urodelan Amphibia.

PMID- 13682884
TI  - The action of arsine on reduced glutathione.

PMID- 13682885
TI  - Comparison of furadantin and tetracycline in prevention of experimental
      pyelonephritis.

PMID- 13682886
TI  - Studies on visceral leishmaniasis in Venezuela.

PMID- 13682887
TI  - [History of smallpox].

PMID- 13682888
TI  - The mongoloid-leukemic syndrome. Report of a case and a review of the literature.

PMID- 13682889
TI  - [Oral BCG in guinea pigs].

PMID- 13682890
TI  - Aberrant salivary gland defect in the mandible. Report of a case.

PMID- 13682891
TI  - [On the type and frequency of vascular changes in gastric ulcer. (Contribution to
      the clarification of the mechanism of massive ulcer hemorrhages)].

PMID- 13682892
TI  - [A case of primary amyloidosis].

PMID- 13682893
TI  - Patterns of activity of simultaneously recorded neurons in midbrain reticular
      formation.

PMID- 13682894
TI  - [Arachnoiditis of the posterior fossa].

PMID- 13682895
TI  - [Urban noises as a cause of illness. Their importance and prevention].

PMID- 13682896
TI  - [On some characteristics of the proteolytic action in vitro of elastase in
      comparison with that of trypsin and chymotrypsin].

PMID- 13682897
TI  - [A case of gigantic hydronephrosis].

PMID- 13682898
TI  - [Contribution to the study of acute spinal epidural abscesses].

PMID- 13682899
TI  - [Neurologic bladder (collective-review)].

PMID- 13682900
TI  - [The elimination of urinary 17-ketosteroids after surgical operations].

PMID- 13682901
TI  - Multiple implant dosimetry.

PMID- 13682902
TI  - Radiophotoluminescent gamma-ray dosimetry of mixed neutron gamma-ray radiation
      fields.

PMID- 13682903
TI  - [Eosinophilic granuloma with osseous and lymph-gland localization and diabetes
      insipidus].

PMID- 13682904
TI  - [Hemorrhagic syndrome due to multiple defects in hemostasis. Deficiency of
      antihemophilic factor B associated with vascular changes and thrombocytopenia].

PMID- 13682905
TI  - [Observations on the treatment of cases of Manson's schistosomiasis with
      glucosamine].

PMID- 13682906
TI  - [Determination of glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase in the blood of patients with
      pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13682907
TI  - [Considerations on the anthelminitic properties of bephenium hydroxynaphthoate].

PMID- 13682908
TI  - Gallstone ileus. Report of six cases.

PMID- 13682909
TI  - [Clinico-statistical observations on the treatment and prevention of hemolytic
      disease of the newborn caused by Rh factors in the Clinica Osteterica e
      Ginecologica of the Universita di Romea].

PMID- 13682910
TI  - [New classification of the clinical forms of leprosy].

PMID- 13682911
TI  - The action of 6-mercaptopurine and of triethylenemelamine on the acetylating
      activity of normal and leukaemic blood.

PMID- 13682912
TI  - [Experience with the prevention of brucellosis in a meat packing plant].

PMID- 13682913
TI  - [Apropos of the statement of S.B. Tlatov "Chill as an early symptom of
      perforative peritonitis"].

PMID- 13682914
TI  - Studies on the electron transport system. XXVI. Specificity of coenzyme Q and
      coenzyme Q derivatives.

PMID- 13682915
TI  - [Origins of orthopedics in Poland].

PMID- 13682916
TI  - [Prof. Dr. Jan Cervenansky].

PMID- 13682917
TI  - [Sixtieth anniversary of Wladyslaw Sowinski, M.D].

PMID- 13682918
TI  - Acute and subacute toxicity of amino-hexose-reductones.

PMID- 13682920
TI  - Surface-contact microscopy. Studies in cell movements.

PMID- 13682919
TI  - The inhibition of tumour growth by enzymes in tissue culture.

PMID- 13682921
TI  - The movements of fibrocytes.

PMID- 13682922
TI  - Slipped upper femoral epiphysis and trauma.

PMID- 13682923
TI  - Flora of the male lower genitourinary tract.

PMID- 13682925
TI  - [The current status of studies on aphasis, 100 years after the first case of
      Pierre Paul Broca].

PMID- 13682924
TI  - [The evaluation of the late neuropsychic results in closed craniocerebral
      injuries obtained with the projective test of H. Rorschach].

PMID- 13682926
TI  - [Practical ballistocardiography].

PMID- 13682927
TI  - [On the different histological characteristics of vital and post-mortal contusive
      lesions].

PMID- 13682928
TI  - [Contribution to enterobiasis of the appendix. Allergic parasitic appendicitis].

PMID- 13682929
TI  - [Echinococcosis of the choledochus].

PMID- 13682931
TI  - [Influence of of compensatory hypertrophy and of antibiotic treatment on
      experimental tuberculosis of the kidney].

PMID- 13682930
TI  - [Geriatric problems in Montenegro].

PMID- 13682932
TI  - [Maternal-fetal respiratory exchange and obstetrical anesthesia].

PMID- 13682933
TI  - [Atraumatic renal clamping].

PMID- 13682934
TI  - [Pathology caused by amyl acetate].

PMID- 13682935
TI  - [Pathology of benzene].

PMID- 13682936
TI  - [Behavior of the weight of some organs in children with 3d-grade malnutrition].

PMID- 13682937
TI  - [Clinical experiences with spyrolactone, SC-9420. Diuretic treatment of
      edemigenic syndromes].

PMID- 13682938
TI  - [Mechanism of water-electrolyte excretion in various functional states induced by
      hormones in subjects with Addison's disease after water loading].

PMID- 13682939
TI  - [Considerations on the hormonal regulation of water-electrolyte metabolism in man
      after hypophysectomy].

PMID- 13682940
TI  - [The pharmaco-dynamic alteration of the thalamo-reticular system as a therapeutic
      principle in psychiatry].

PMID- 13682941
TI  - [Hygienic and micro-climatic studies in an elementary school in Belgrade].

PMID- 13682942
TI  - [Symptoms in cysts of the septum pellucidum].

PMID- 13682943
TI  - [The effect of prefrontal leucotomy on the course of the schizophrenic process
      (data on long-term follow-up)].

PMID- 13682944
TI  - Plasmin-antiplasmin complex as a reservoir of fibrinolytic enzyme.

PMID- 13682945
TI  - On the type of hemoglobin in the neoplastic cell of virus-induced fowl
      erythroleukemia.

PMID- 13682946
TI  - [Morphological characteristics of the erythrocytes and their interpretation for
      functional processes of the erythrocyte system].

PMID- 13682947
TI  - [Morphological characteristics of the erythrocytes and their interpretation in
      relation to functional processes of the erythrocyte system].

PMID- 13682948
TI  - [The Leukemias. Attempt at a summarizing description from the viewpoint of the
      clinical manifestations of acute leukemia in children].

PMID- 13682949
TI  - [The leukemia. Attempt at a summarizing description from the viewpoint of the
      clinical manifestations of acute leukemia in children].

PMID- 13682950
TI  - [The leukemias. Attempt at a summarizing description from the viewpoint of acute
      leukemia in children].

PMID- 13682951
TI  - [The leukemias. Attempt at a summarizing description from the viewpoint of the
      clinical manifestations of acute leukemia in children].

PMID- 13682952
TI  - [The leukemias. Attempt at a summarizing description from the viewpoint of the
      clinical manifestations of acute leukemia in children].

PMID- 13682953
TI  - An evaluation of resident training in the outpatient department.

PMID- 13682954
TI  - Current concepts of erythroblastosis.

PMID- 13682955
TI  - [A comparative study of Catran, Marplan, and Niamid, three new antidepressive
      drugs].

PMID- 13682956
TI  - Surgical treatment of postgastrectomy symptoms. Follow-up examination of patients
      treated by constriction of the gastrojejunal stoma.

PMID- 13682957
TI  - Variations in food tolerance after partial gastrectomy. The relationship between
      pathological findings at operation and type and intensity of postgastrectomy
      symptoms.

PMID- 13682958
TI  - A lid fixation forceps.

PMID- 13682959
TI  - Construction of the upper lid fold.

PMID- 13682960
TI  - Report on tentative ambient air standards for sulfur dioxide and sulfuric acid.

PMID- 13682961
TI  - The respiratory response of guinea pigs to the inhalation of acetic acid vapor.

PMID- 13682963
TI  - The response of locked ward patients to the change of doctors in a residency
      program.

PMID- 13682962
TI  - The response of guinea pigs to inhalation of formaldehyde and formic acid alone
      and with a sodium chloride aerosol.

PMID- 13682964
TI  - [On primary pulmonary hypertension].

PMID- 13682965
TI  - [On the resorption of the bone tissue in osteoarticular tuberculosis].

PMID- 13682966
TI  - [Practical considerations on the creation of a neo-vagina by intervesico-rectal
      scission].

PMID- 13682967
TI  - The immunologic response of guinea pigs to the introduction of emulsified
      radioactive antigens. III.

PMID- 13682968
TI  - [Absenteeism in a ship-building industry].

PMID- 13682969
TI  - [Serum enzyme determinations in pernicious anemia].

PMID- 13682970
TI  - [The heterogeneity of enzymes in organs and in blood].

PMID- 13682971
TI  - [Fundamental considerations in the location of sites with healthful climates].

PMID- 13682972
TI  - [The nature of climatotherapy].

PMID- 13682973
TI  - Influence of virus infection on host enzymatic activity.

PMID- 13682974
TI  - Spray gun for use in electron microscopy.

PMID- 13682975
TI  - [Plans and methods of post-graduate medical education. Active and passive methods
      of teaching].

PMID- 13682976
TI  - The precipitation of serum lipoproteins by gelatin.

PMID- 13682977
TI  - The precipitation of serum lipoproteins by mucopolysaccharides extracted from
      aortic tissue.

PMID- 13682978
TI  - Staining of ultraviolet irradiated chromosomes by the Gomori alkaline phosphatase
      technique.

PMID- 13682979
TI  - [Atherosclerosis: treatment with a new preparation with a base of vegetable
      phospholipids and essential fatty acids].

PMID- 13682980
TI  - A heat-inactivation test for differentiating specific and non-specific
      agglutination reactions for bovine brucellosis.

PMID- 13682981
TI  - [Some problems of the Universidade de Sao Paulo].

PMID- 13682982
TI  - [On some clinical problems related to extracorporeal hemolysis with artificial
      kidney].

PMID- 13682983
TI  - [The artificial kidney].

PMID- 13682984
TI  - Massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage due to hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.

PMID- 13682985
TI  - [On thrombolytic therapy].

PMID- 13682986
TI  - [Methods for the measurement in vitro of spontaneous fibrinolytic activity in the
      venous blood of humans].

PMID- 13682987
TI  - Measurement of function in an in vitro preparation of mammalian central nervous
      tissue.

PMID- 13682988
TI  - Recording of single unit activity in isolated central nervous tissue.
AB  - The retina and attached segment of optic nerve isolated from the rabbit were
      maintained in a functioning state in vitro. Microelectrodes, introduced into the
      nerve, recorded unit discharges in response to light stimuli. The characteristics
      of these evoked discharges are described.

PMID- 13682989
TI  - The first step of histidine biosynthesis.

PMID- 13682990
TI  - Six cases of cerebellar degeneration associated with chronic alcoholism.

PMID- 13682991
TI  - Long-chain derivatives of monosaccharides and oligosaccharides.

PMID- 13682992
TI  - Age changes in the Rorschach responses of a group of elderly individuals.

PMID- 13682993
TI  - Age changes in the Rorschach responses of individual elderly subjects.

PMID- 13682994
TI  - Arnold L, GESELL: "Behavior has shape".

PMID- 13682995
TI  - Methods for measuring and correcting the absorption spectrum of scattering
      suspensions.

PMID- 13682996
TI  - [On the surgery of pancreatic cysts].

PMID- 13682997
TI  - [The present status of pancreatic surgery].

PMID- 13682998
TI  - [Total esophagectomy and antethoracic plastic surgery with the stomach by the
      Gavriliu technic].

PMID- 13682999
TI  - [Experience in the study of the typological characteristics of higher nervous
      activity in rabbits].

PMID- 13683000
TI  - [Pharmacological review of antiepileptics].

PMID- 13683001
TI  - [A radiological method for the morpho-dynamic study of the urinary bladder:
      cystopolygraphy].

PMID- 13683002
TI  - [Analysis of urinary steroids with the most commonly associated technics].

PMID- 13683004
TI  - [Initial symptomatology and general biological characterics of endocrania tumors.
      Statistical considerations on 169 cases].

PMID- 13683003
TI  - [On the relations between substances with adrenal-inhibitory action and
      substances with anticholesterolemic action].

PMID- 13683005
TI  - [Physiopathological considerations on Hunt's dyssynergia cerebellar myoclonus
      (presentation of a case)].

PMID- 13683006
TI  - [Treatment of comatose forms of encephalitis in children].

PMID- 13683007
TI  - [The permeability of the nephron to sodium, potassium and chloride ions, studied,
      in the rabbit, with the aid of indicators during the interrupted diuresis test].

PMID- 13683008
TI  - [Circulatory collapse in the course of septicemia].

PMID- 13683009
TI  - Maternal and obstetric factors in asphyxia neonatorum with a preliminary report
      on a possible association with ABO blood groups.

PMID- 13683010
TI  - [Quantitative study of blood gamma globulins in irradiated mice and mice restored
      by isogenic or allogenic hematopoietic cells].

PMID- 13683011
TI  - [Injection into newborn mice of homologous hematopoietic cells from adult or
      embryonal donors. Incidence of erythroblastic grafts and of "runt disease"].

PMID- 13683012
TI  - [Polyoma virus].

PMID- 13683013
TI  - Loss of immunogenic properties of vaccinia virus inactivated by formaldehyde.

PMID- 13683014
TI  - Cirrhosis of the liver. Observations on 75 cases from the University of Alberta
      Hospital, Edmonton.

PMID- 13683015
TI  - Comparison of the serum protein fractions of the newly hatched chick with those
      of adult birds using starchgel electrophoresis.

PMID- 13683016
TI  - Corticosteroid effect on haemopoietic functions inr radiation induced leucopenia.

PMID- 13683017
TI  - [A new method for the treatment of polyposis of the large intestine].

PMID- 13683018
TI  - [Benign polyposis of the large intestine is curable without surgical
      intervention].

PMID- 13683020
TI  - [Remote results of various methods in the treatment of paraproctitis].

PMID- 13683019
TI  - [On the relationship between terminal ileitis and Lane's kink].

PMID- 13683021
TI  - [The new sphincterometer and its clinical significance].

PMID- 13683022
TI  - [Anal reflex in disease of the nervous system].

PMID- 13683023
TI  - [On nature of the ist phase of the lactation reflex].

PMID- 13683024
TI  - [On the technic of catheterization of the nipple in ewes].

PMID- 13683025
TI  - Analysis of the hormonal and nervous means of exerting cerebral cortical
      regulatory influences on the thyroid gland.

PMID- 13683026
TI  - [On the analysis of transfermechanisms of cortical effects to the thyroid gland].

PMID- 13683027
TI  - Preparation and properties of antibodies to sheep ervthrocvtes.

PMID- 13683028
TI  - [On an oral treatment of anemia in convalescence].

PMID- 13683029
TI  - [The trigeminal 3-component method of study of higher nervous activity in man].

PMID- 13683030
TI  - [On the role of N. I. Pirogov in the development of otorhinolaryngology].

PMID- 13683031
TI  - Transference of osteogenic tissue to the anterior eye chamber by means of
      polyviny1 plastic sponge grafts.

PMID- 13683032
TI  - Pathogenesis of regional enteritis. Based upon histologic study of forty cases.

PMID- 13683033
TI  - [An automatic registerin animal calorimeter].

PMID- 13683034
TI  - [An apparatus for automatic intensification of the brightness of cathode ray
      oscillographs].

PMID- 13683035
TI  - Effects of caloric intake on clearance of injected lipids in rabbits and rats.

PMID- 13683036
TI  - [Somadril as an analgesic in neuromuscular disorders].

PMID- 13683037
TI  - [Experiments on the problem of the existence of adaptive saccharase and remarks
      on the problem of adaptive enzymes].

PMID- 13683038
TI  - [The appearance of amino and keto acids in the human placenta].

PMID- 13683039
TI  - [Experiments on phenylketonuria in rabbits. Preliminary report].

PMID- 13683040
TI  - [The aged man in the rural area].

PMID- 13683041
TI  - Exchange of potassium ions across a concentration difference by isolated rat
      liver mitochondria.

PMID- 13683042
TI  - [Some considerations on alcoholism and its current treatment].

PMID- 13683043
TI  - The electrocardiogram in systemic arteriovenous fistulas.

PMID- 13683044
TI  - Use of indicator-dilution curves for selection of site for injection of contrast
      medium for selective angiocardiography.

PMID- 13683045
TI  - Histology of the placenta.

PMID- 13683046
TI  - ["Chronic aspecific arthrosynovitis" (current collective review)].

PMID- 13683048
TI  - From farm to table: the processing of food. (a) Bread.

PMID- 13683047
TI  - [Late paralysis of the radial nerve].

PMID- 13683049
TI  - Studies on the glutathione stability test and its use in a clinical laboratory.

PMID- 13683050
TI  - [On a method for roentgenological investigations of pulm onary respiratory
      function. (Roentgenopneumopoly-graphy and tomopneumopolygraphy)].

PMID- 13683051
TI  - [Development of pulmonary surgery in the Ukraine].

PMID- 13683052
TI  - Pulmonary resection with mechanical suture.

PMID- 13683053
TI  - [Preliminary experience with the use of artificial circulation in cardiac
      surgery].

PMID- 13683054
TI  - [Pulmonary resection with mechanical bronchial sutures].

PMID- 13683055
TI  - [Apropos of a case of pericardo pleuro-pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13683056
TI  - Left retrograde cardioangiography: its diagnostic value in acquired and
      congenital heart disease.

PMID- 13683057
TI  - A simple isotope dilution technique for quantitative determination of left to
      right shunts.

PMID- 13683058
TI  - The methyl iodide test in left to right shunts. Technical considerations.

PMID- 13683059
TI  - The heltum-oxygen test: a new technique for identifying small left-to right
      shunts.

PMID- 13683060
TI  - Development of digits from the proxmal pre-axial material of the wing and hind
      limb bud in chick embryos.

PMID- 13683061
TI  - Feather formation in hetertopically grafted terminal parts of the leg bud in
      chicken embryos.

PMID- 13683062
TI  - [On the role of hyaluronic acid and chondrotin sulfate in joint rhematism and on
      its modification in metabolism by baths].

PMID- 13683063
TI  - [The treatment of mesenteric and retroperitoneal tumors].

PMID- 13683064
TI  - [Gaint lithiasis in a mega-ureter].

PMID- 13683065
TI  - [What are the dangerous fundus foci which can be treated with photocoagulation?].

PMID- 13683066
TI  - The heritage of Gonin.

PMID- 13683067
TI  - [Clinical aspects of uveitis].

PMID- 13683068
TI  - [Metamorphomas].

PMID- 13683069
TI  - [Increasing inciddence of the detection of pulmonary tuberculosis with already
      severe lesions].

PMID- 13683070
TI  - [Present role of aerosois in the treatment of various pulmonary diseases.
      Adjunction of the "diffusion factor"].

PMID- 13683071
TI  - [Hollow pulmonary cancers. 2 cases and their practical teachings].

PMID- 13683072
TI  - [Reading: "that unpunished vice, that great defense"].

PMID- 13683073
TI  - [Warning of senile tuberculosis, Its spread especially in the hospitals and homes
      for the aged].

PMID- 13683074
TI  - [Observations on the maturation of chroionic villi in the human placenta with
      special reference to epithelial plates].

PMID- 13683075
TI  - [On the treatment of stenocardia].

PMID- 13683076
TI  - [On the problem of the increase of mucoproteins in serum and their increased
      excretion in urine in patients with primary lithiasis].

PMID- 13683077
TI  - [The state and graduate medical training].

PMID- 13683078
TI  - [On the role of pediatric rheumatic sanatoria in the prevention of acute forms of
      rheumatism].

PMID- 13683079
TI  - [Transverse presentations].

PMID- 13683080
TI  - [The Marinesco-Sjoegren syndrome, Review of the literature, 3 personal
      observations concerning 3 sisters].

PMID- 13683081
TI  - [Differential diagnosis between carcinoma and inflammation in the lung cortex
      with the aid of the bronchogram].

PMID- 13683082
TI  - [Roentgen anatomy of the pancreas].

PMID- 13683083
TI  - [Observations on the experimental excision of peritoneal segments].

PMID- 13683084
TI  - [Anastasios S. MISIRLOGLOU, 1886-1961].

PMID- 13683085
TI  - [Neurinomas of the epigastric space].

PMID- 13683086
TI  - Transformation studies on the linkage of markers in the tryptophan pathway in
      Bacillus subtilis.

PMID- 13683087
TI  - An 018 study of the hemoglobin degradation to biliverdin in the model reaction.

PMID- 13683088
TI  - [An unusual strain of hepatitis virus in dogs].

PMID- 13683089
TI  - [Photodynamic effect of methylene blue as a method for the inactivation of
      viruses. (Preliminary communication)].

PMID- 13683090
TI  - [Complete synthesis of equilenine, estrone and their stereosiomers].

PMID- 13683091
TI  - Electrical activity of the hypothalamic 'feeding centres' under the effect of
      changes in blood chemistry.

PMID- 13683092
TI  - "Higher nervous control over food intake".

PMID- 13683093
TI  - Physiological concepts of consciousness.

PMID- 13683094
TI  - [Comparative biochemical characteristics of certain fresh-water invertebrates and
      fishes].

PMID- 13683095
TI  - [Treatment of varicose ulcers of the leg in ambulatory conditions].

PMID- 13683096
TI  - [Serum glycoproteins in tuberculosis of the lungs].

PMID- 13683097
TI  - [Recent views on idiopathic thrombocytopenic states in childhood].

PMID- 13683098
TI  - [Treatment of tetanus with curarizing agents].

PMID- 13683099
TI  - [Surgery in vertigos of central origin].

PMID- 13683100
TI  - [On hemispheric dominance and the localization of the speech centers].

PMID- 13683101
TI  - [Post-traumatic neuropsychic syndrome after erythema abigne].

PMID- 13683103
TI  - [Noso-agnostic over-evaluation (on pathological modes of behavior toward
      functional defects)].

PMID- 13683102
TI  - [Extrapyramidal syndrome in tumor of the frontal lobe].

PMID- 13683104
TI  - [Participation of the exogenic factor in detection of preformed psychotic
      syndromes].

PMID- 13683105
TI  - [A new apparatus and practical system for blood transfusion].

PMID- 13683106
TI  - A case of stem cell leukemia occurring in an infant 38 days old.

PMID- 13683107
TI  - The accumulation of 3-iodo N,N, diacet-6 aminobenzoic acid (IDAB) in growth areas
      of bone.

PMID- 13683108
TI  - [Does the responsibility of hospitals and health insurance organizations create a
      new contact between these institutions?].

PMID- 13683109
TI  - [Esophagoscopy in neoplasms of the lower end of the esophagus].

PMID- 13683110
TI  - The investigation and treatment of a reading disability in a child of normal
      intelligence.

PMID- 13683111
TI  - [Cooperation on alcohol research in Scandinavia].

PMID- 13683112
TI  - [Mutilating treatment of transsaxualism].

PMID- 13683113
TI  - [Ligation in the treatment of anorectal fistula].

PMID- 13683114
TI  - [Clinical interpretation of religous behavior].

PMID- 13683115
TI  - [Atypical fatty tunor of the knee joint].

PMID- 13683116
TI  - Air pollution, the respiratory tract and public health.

PMID- 13683117
TI  - How the Board of Health serves Chicago.

PMID- 13683118
TI  - Public health and the aged.

PMID- 13683119
TI  - [Water from the Gota river causing an enteritis epidemic on board a ship].

PMID- 13683120
TI  - [Freququency distribution of blood alcohol values in 12,000 traffic accidents in
      Baden-Wuerttemberg].

PMID- 13683121
TI  - [Psychosomatic medicine].

PMID- 13683122
TI  - [Faulty position and hemorrhagic diathesis in the area of the hip joint as a
      cause of soft tissue calcification. (Case report contributions)].

PMID- 13683123
TI  - [Faulty posture and proneness to hemorrhage in the area of the hip joint as
      causes of ossification of the soft parts (Case report)].

PMID- 13683124
TI  - [Unusual findings in post-thrombotic calcification of the pelvic vein and
      generalized calcification of a lymphoma of the abdominal cavity].

PMID- 13683125
TI  - [A contributions to symmetrical metastasis in hypernephroma].

PMID- 13683126
TI  - [Fracture of the ankle caused by roentgen examinations?].

PMID- 13683127
TI  - [Local therapy with ultracortenol. Treatment with glucocortcoids from the
      surgical viewpoint].

PMID- 13683128
TI  - [Rectal prolapse].

PMID- 13683129
TI  - Pyelitis, an important factor in the pathogenesis of retrograde pyelonephritis.
AB  - Pyelitis with acute and chronic pyelonephritis and also primary chronic pyelitis
      were easily initiated in female rats by a single non-traumatic retrograde
      infusion of bacteria into the urinary tract. The virulence of the bacterial
      species and the time of observation were related to the type and extent of
      lesions, but pyelitis regardless of the virulence appeared to be an important
      factor. The apex and fornix of the renal pelvic lumen were anatomic sites of
      persistent pyelitis which permitted local proliferation of bacteria for long
      periods. Cortical and medullary lesions were anatomically related to these areas
      of underlying pyelitis. Spread of infection followed a pattern of contiguity
      rather than ascending tubular infection. The experimental model has many of the
      features of chronic urinary infections in man and suggests that pyelitis is an
      important factor in the pathogenesis of chronic pyelonephritis initiated by
      retrograde infection.

PMID- 13683130
TI  - Prostatectomy -- transcapsular or transvesical.

PMID- 13683131
TI  - [Hepatorenal syndrome, Additional remarks].

PMID- 13683132
TI  - [Neuropsychiatric complications in diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 13683134
TI  - Histochemical studies on the histogenesis of the nails.

PMID- 13683133
TI  - Systemic insecticides for control of tropical warble fly (Dermatobia hominis) in
      cattle.

PMID- 13683135
TI  - Ossiculoplasty in otosclerosis.

PMID- 13683136
TI  - [Dizziness].

PMID- 13683137
TI  - Studies of hypothyroidism in children.

PMID- 13683138
TI  - Surgical treatment of cholelithiasis. II. Late results.

PMID- 13683139
TI  - ABO-incompathibility and Rh-immunization in pregnancy. Immunological
      considerations based on an analysis of 148 two-children families.

PMID- 13683140
TI  - Production of B character on human erythrocytes by haemosensitization with
      purified Escherichia coli O 86 substance.

PMID- 13683141
TI  - [Something about food habits of the elderly].

PMID- 13683142
TI  - Eversion and ptosis of the lower eyelid, corrected with tarsal inlay.

PMID- 13683143
TI  - Plantar ulcers in leprosy. Their pathogenesis and natural history, and their
      therapy and prevention.

PMID- 13683144
TI  - [Surgical treatment of drop foot. Preliminary treatment].

PMID- 13683145
TI  - [Peroral biopsy of the small intestine. Preliminary report of experiences].

PMID- 13683146
TI  - Oxygen intake and thermal balance in naked young men during rest and sleep at
      various ambient temperatures.

PMID- 13683147
TI  - Metabolic and thermal response to a moderate cold exposure in nomadic Lapps.

PMID- 13683148
TI  - The effect of different pathological conditions on the excretion of urea in the
      rabbit kidney.

PMID- 13683149
TI  - [Benign tumors of the choledochus].

PMID- 13683150
TI  - Distribution of splanchnic and peripheral blood flow during acute reduction in
      circulatory rate: studies during total body perfusion.

PMID- 13683151
TI  - Physiologic and biochemical responses to prolonged extracorporeal circulation:
      experimental studies during four-hour perfusion.

PMID- 13683152
TI  - A study of the effect of open and closed treatment on rate of healing and
      complications in fractures of the tibial shaft.

PMID- 13683153
TI  - Pyogenic lung abscess.

PMID- 13683154
TI  - Studies during prolonged extracorporeal circulation. Report of a four-hour
      perfusion in a patient.

PMID- 13683155
TI  - A Micro method for determination of pH, carbon dioxide tension, base excess and
      standard bicarbonate in capillary blood.

PMID- 13683156
TI  - A gasometric apparatus for direct reading determination of carbon dioxide
      concentration in gas mixtures.

PMID- 13683157
TI  - Factors affecting the liquid-junction potential in electrometric blood pH
      measurement.

PMID- 13683158
TI  - Sampling and storing of blood for determination of acid-base status.

PMID- 13683159
TI  - Activation of the dentate area by septal stimulation.

PMID- 13683160
TI  - Activation of the field CA-1 of the hippocampus by septal stimulation.

PMID- 13683161
TI  - Electroencephalogram during arousal from hibernation in the birchmouse.

PMID- 13683162
TI  - [Central control of sensory activity].

PMID- 13683163
TI  - [Functional properties of pyramidal cells of the cerebral cortex].

PMID- 13683164
TI  - [Insulinoma].

PMID- 13683165
TI  - Myoblastoma of the bladder neck: report of a case.

PMID- 13683166
TI  - Subarachnoid hemorrhage and pregnancy. Report of a case.

PMID- 13683167
TI  - [Modern concepts on diuretics].

PMID- 13683168
TI  - [Present concepts on diuretics].

PMID- 13683169
TI  - Maternal and environmenal factors related to success in speech improvement
      training.

PMID- 13683170
TI  - Colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis in the surgical treatment of ulcerative
      colitis.

PMID- 13683171
TI  - The fractionation of urine colloids on anion-exchange cellulose.

PMID- 13683172
TI  - Some studies on the occurrence of sialic acid in human cartilage.

PMID- 13683173
TI  - Molecular product and free radical yields in the decomposition of water by
      protons, deuterons, and helium ions.

PMID- 13683174
TI  - Necrotizing uveitis incident to perfusion of intractraial malignancies with
      nitrogen mustard or related compounds.

PMID- 13683175
TI  - The urinary and faecal excretion of radioactivity after oral doses of H3-folic
      acid.

PMID- 13683176
TI  - Reactivity and catalysis in reactions of the serine hydroxyl group and of O-acyl
      serines.

PMID- 13683177
TI  - Fatal pneumocystis pneumonia in an adult. Report of a case.

PMID- 13683178
TI  - Azotaemic renal osteodystrophy.

PMID- 13683179
TI  - Renal calcification, calculus formation, and the urinary excretion of calcium.

PMID- 13683180
TI  - Further observations on the effects of the oral administration of polysodium
      metaphosphate in the rat.

PMID- 13683181
TI  - 'Sweat test' results in normal persons of different ages compared with families
      with fibrocystic disease of the pancreas.

PMID- 13683182
TI  - Histological changes in the duodenal mucosa in coeliac disease. Reversibility
      during treatment with a wheat gluten free diet.

PMID- 13683183
TI  - Oropouche virus: a new human disease agent from Trinidad, West Indies.

PMID- 13683184
TI  - Efficiencies of filter papers for collecting radon daughters.

PMID- 13683186
TI  - How the doctor looks at his journals.

PMID- 13683185
TI  - The conversion of farnesyl pyrophosphate to squalene by soluble extracts of
      microsomes.

PMID- 13683187
TI  - Tissue response to polyvinyl alcohol implants in rabbits.

PMID- 13683188
TI  - The antitussive activity of glycyrrhetinic acid and its derivatives.

PMID- 13683189
TI  - Transfer of homologous thoracic duct lymphocytes to irradiated rats.

PMID- 13683190
TI  - Method of extraction and bio-assay of insulin in blood.

PMID- 13683191
TI  - Cesium 137 levels in people.

PMID- 13683192
TI  - Estimation of total body fat from potassium-40 content.
AB  - A brief review is given of the development of methods for the determination of
      total body potassium by whole-body scintillation counting and of studies to
      establish the utility of body potassium as a measure of gross body composition
      including fat.

PMID- 13683193
TI  - Progress report on LAST human counter (Humco II).

PMID- 13683194
TI  - Selection of adult cases for orthoptic training and outline of treatment.

PMID- 13683195
TI  - Testing of multiplier phototubes for Humco II.

PMID- 13683196
TI  - A study of the central depressant action of pentobarbital, phenobarbital and
      diethyl ether in relationship to increases in brain 5-hy-droxytryptamine.

PMID- 13683197
TI  - Purification and properties of a leukemic cell phosphodiesterase.

PMID- 13683199
TI  - Amnesia.

PMID- 13683198
TI  - The occurrence of Salmonella paratyphi B in desiccated coconut from Ceylon.

PMID- 13683200
TI  - Neurohistology of two mammalian mutations.

PMID- 13683201
TI  - Surgery in the diabetic patient.

PMID- 13683202
TI  - Renal sarcoidosis and nephrolithiasis.

PMID- 13683203
TI  - Results of surgery in cancer of large intesine in a non-teaching hospital.

PMID- 13683205
TI  - New approaches to peptide synthesis.

PMID- 13683204
TI  - Septic abortion with vascular collapse.

PMID- 13683206
TI  - The causes of fetal distress.

PMID- 13683207
TI  - Culture components as a significant factor in child development. Symposium, 1960.
      1. Image of the teacher by adolescent children in seven countries.

PMID- 13683208
TI  - Hypovitaminosis-A in a family with tylosis and clinodactyly.

PMID- 13683209
TI  - The syndrome of Peutz.

PMID- 13683210
TI  - Endocardial cushion defects.

PMID- 13683211
TI  - Urinary excretion of pyruvate in diabetic patients.

PMID- 13683212
TI  - A medical metering pump.

PMID- 13683213
TI  - Metabolic diseases affecting the locomotor system. III. Investigations of
      biochemical changes in osteomalacia and osteoporosis.

PMID- 13683214
TI  - Glutamic decarboxyiase of ergot, Claviceps purpurea.
AB  - Anderson, John A. (Oregon State University, Corvallis), Vernon H. Cheldelin, and
      Tsoo E. King. Glutamic decarboxylase of ergot, Claviceps purpurea. J. Bacteriol.
      82:354-358. 1961.-l-Glutamic acid is the only naturally occurring amino acid
      which can be decarboxylated by cell-free extracts of Claviceps purpurea. This
      decarboxylase was partially purified and the properties of the enzyme studied.
      The specific activity of the purified preparation was 111 muliters per 10 min per
      mg of protein. The products formed, stability, inhibition, stimulation of
      activity with pyridoxal phosphate, and pH activity curve were typical of l
      glutamic decarboxylase in Escherichia coli and other microorganisms. The
      substrate constants at pH 4.6, 5.25, and 5.65 were 0.0169 m, 0.0174 m, and 0.0139
      m, respectively. The respective maximal velocities at these pH values were 104,
      104, and 90 muliters per 10 min. The pH optimum was 4.8 to 5.2. The enzyme was
      unstable below pH 4.5 and it was suggested that the fall in activity at the lower
      end of the pH curve was due to inactivation of the enzyme. The decrease in
      activity above pH 5.2 did not appear to be due to a change in affinity of enzyme
      for substrate but to a change of the enzyme-substrate complex into an inactive
      form.

PMID- 13683215
TI  - Unilateral renal hypoplasia with vestigial epididymal tubules.

PMID- 13683216
TI  - Treatment of bladder tumours.

PMID- 13683217
TI  - The reaction of carbohydrases with phenolic glucosides.

PMID- 13683218
TI  - Management of the diabetic child.

PMID- 13683219
TI  - The complications and side effects of the phenothiazine ataraxics. A review of
      178 clinical series of 10 phenothiazine derivates.

PMID- 13683220
TI  - beta-Galactosidase of Paracolobactrum aerogenoides.

PMID- 13683221
TI  - Sulphadimidine and 'Bimez' (sulphadimidine plus sulphadimethoxypyrimidine) in
      general practice.

PMID- 13683223
TI  - Annual administrative reviews: approvals and recognitions.

PMID- 13683222
TI  - Precipitating autoantibodies in Sjogren's disease.

PMID- 13683224
TI  - Progress in allergy 1959-1960.

PMID- 13683225
TI  - Serum levels of oxytetracycline following intramuscular administration of a
      preconstituted solution.

PMID- 13683226
TI  - The bacteriological screening of desiccated coconut.

PMID- 13683227
TI  - Staphylococcal nasal carriage in mothers, babies and staff in a maternity
      hospital.

PMID- 13683228
TI  - C14-labeled hydrochlorothiazide in human beings.

PMID- 13683229
TI  - Alleged anticomplementary effect of aspirin.

PMID- 13683230
TI  - Subtotal hysterectomy and ovarian function in gilts.

PMID- 13683231
TI  - Sicklecell disease in pregnancy.

PMID- 13683232
TI  - Experimental production of hepatocellular damage with cortisone.

PMID- 13683233
TI  - Significance of vascular injury as a factor in the pathogenesis of pancreatitis.

PMID- 13683234
TI  - A rare cause of massive colonic hemorrhage.

PMID- 13683236
TI  - Benign intraoral hemangiopericytoma. Report of a case.

PMID- 13683235
TI  - Pancreatic hemorrhage. Relationship to necrotizing pancreatitis.

PMID- 13683237
TI  - Compensation for contracture deformity in an improved socket design for above
      knee prostheses.

PMID- 13683238
TI  - A job description for central service supervisors.

PMID- 13683239
TI  - A tale of two supervisors.

PMID- 13683240
TI  - C.S. and the private duty nurse.

PMID- 13683241
TI  - It costs to communicate.

PMID- 13683242
TI  - Personnel evaluate C.S.

PMID- 13683243
TI  - Taking professional inventory.

PMID- 13683244
TI  - The influence of progressive patient care on C.S.

PMID- 13683245
TI  - A filter for attachment to a syringe.

PMID- 13683246
TI  - Studies on isolated cell components. XV. The distribution of certain enzymes in
      the electrophoretic pattern of the soluble phase of rat liver.

PMID- 13683247
TI  - Cell division v. molecular mechanisms.

PMID- 13683248
TI  - Studies on nuclei. IV. Evidence for the existence of DNA-protein strands in
      intact nuclei.

PMID- 13683249
TI  - Studies on isolated cell components. XIII. The effect of heat on rat liver
      soluble proteins.

PMID- 13683250
TI  - Studies on isolated cell components. XIV. An electrophoretic analysis of the
      soluble proteins of rat liver, kidney, brain, and testis.

PMID- 13683251
TI  - Scales and statistics: parametric and nonparametric.

PMID- 13683252
TI  - Comments on the use of computers in psychological research.

PMID- 13683253
TI  - Poststimulus cuing in immediate memory.

PMID- 13683254
TI  - Private expenditures for drugs and other components of medical care.

PMID- 13683255
TI  - A case of superficial epithelimatosis.

PMID- 13683256
TI  - Cutaneous signs useful in the diagnosis of the actue abdomen.

PMID- 13683257
TI  - Familial transverse nasal groove. 9.

PMID- 13683258
TI  - Problems in a simple two-possibility counting study.

PMID- 13683259
TI  - Microcorneal contact lenses.

PMID- 13683260
TI  - Hepatic injury. A histochemical study of intracytoplasmic globules occurring in
      liver injury.

PMID- 13683262
TI  - Nurse-scope, a method of in-service education.

PMID- 13683261
TI  - Density, social structure, and nonsocial environment in house-mouse populations
      and the implications for regulation of numbers.

PMID- 13683263
TI  - A hospital administrator advises nurses.

PMID- 13683264
TI  - Anomalous inferior vena cava with azygos continuation (infrahepatic interruption
      of the inferior vena cava). Report of 15 new cases.

PMID- 13683266
TI  - How the pharmacist can promote safer drug handling.

PMID- 13683265
TI  - Cor triatriatum. Successful diagnosis and surgical correction in a three year old
      girl.

PMID- 13683267
TI  - Leukocyte antibodies in acute leukemia of the monocytic and monocytoid forms.

PMID- 13683268
TI  - Detection of leukocyte antibodies by means of 1-131-labelled, purfied anti--human
      blobulin antibody. Problems of nonspecific adsorption of globulin by leukocytes.

PMID- 13683269
TI  - Occurrence of polyisoprene in Lactarius species.

PMID- 13683270
TI  - Serologic diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni infections. II. Sensitivity of
      intradermal and serologic tests on individuals with an unequivocal diagnosis of
      schistosomiasis.

PMID- 13683271
TI  - Animal diseases transmissible to man.

PMID- 13683272
TI  - Viruses and the public's health.

PMID- 13683273
TI  - Volkmann's ischemic contracture of the calf.

PMID- 13683274
TI  - Suspension of aortic cusps for correction of aortic insufficiency.

PMID- 13683275
TI  - Experimental growth of mammary gland in male and female mice.

PMID- 13683276
TI  - Effect of adrenalectomy and successive hydrocortisone replacement on thyroid
      secretion rate in male and female rats.

PMID- 13683278
TI  - Air blast studies with animals. II.

PMID- 13683277
TI  - The incidence of arteriosclerotic heart disease in Negro diabetic patients.

PMID- 13683279
TI  - Treatment of inflammatory conditions of muscles and joints with Delenar.

PMID- 13683280
TI  - A lipid component of Murray Valley encephalitis virus.

PMID- 13683281
TI  - The action of phospholipase A and lipid solvents on Murray Valley encephalitis
      virus.

PMID- 13683282
TI  - Antibody to Murray valley encephalitis and louping-ill viruses in Austrlia and
      Pauua-New Guinea.

PMID- 13683283
TI  - Murray Valley encephalitis in Papua and New Guinea. II. Serological survey, 1956
      1957.

PMID- 13683284
TI  - Chickenpox.

PMID- 13683285
TI  - Respiratory complications of infectious diseases.

PMID- 13683286
TI  - The costs and returns to the intern.

PMID- 13683288
TI  - Statistical studies of probands and their relatives.

PMID- 13683287
TI  - Postoperative care in lumbar syndrome.

PMID- 13683289
TI  - The antipeptic activity of sulphated polysaccharides.

PMID- 13683290
TI  - A herpes simplex skin test diagnostic antigen of low protein content from cell
      culture fluid.

PMID- 13683291
TI  - Immunization of mice with inactivated herpes simplex virus.

PMID- 13683292
TI  - Induced reactivation of herpes simplex virus in healed rabbit corneal lesions.

PMID- 13683293
TI  - Observer error in recording arterial blood pressure.

PMID- 13683294
TI  - Spastic ectropion. Report of case.

PMID- 13683295
TI  - Atmosphere control in confined spaces.

PMID- 13683297
TI  - Encephalomylitis induced in pigenos with homologous neural tissue and adjuvants.

PMID- 13683296
TI  - Chronic spontaneous cerebrospinal rhinorrhea.

PMID- 13683298
TI  - Mesothelioma of the pleura.

PMID- 13683299
TI  - [Transaminase activity in infectious hepatitis].

PMID- 13683300
TI  - [Transaminase in coronary disease].

PMID- 13683301
TI  - Influence of local temperature changes in the preoptic area and rostral
      hypothalamus on the regulation of food and water intake.

PMID- 13683302
TI  - Some characteristics of the hypothalamic "drinking centre" in the goat as shown
      by the use of permanent electrodes.

PMID- 13683303
TI  - Aspects on the glucose metabolism of the hypothalamus and the pituitary in goats.

PMID- 13683304
TI  - Physiological and pharmacological aspects of the control of hunger and thirst.

PMID- 13683305
TI  - Functional localization as an aid to implantation of permanent electrodes into
      the hypothalamus of horned goats.

PMID- 13683307
TI  - [Medical cost aspects].

PMID- 13683306
TI  - Post-stimulatory electrical activity in the preoptic "heat loss centre"
      concomitant with persistent thermoregulatory response.

PMID- 13683308
TI  - [Long-term treatment of bronchial asthma with adrenal cortex steroids].

PMID- 13683309
TI  - Adrenal cortical function during steroid therapy.

PMID- 13683310
TI  - [Indirect determination of hypophyseal ACTH production in normal persons and
      patients treated with steroids with the aid of Su 4885 (Metopiron)].

PMID- 13683311
TI  - Effect of 6-amino-n-caproic acid (6-ACA) on fibrinolysis and bleeding conditions
      in prostatic disease.

PMID- 13683312
TI  - Clinical investigations on a new intramuscular haematinic.

PMID- 13683313
TI  - [Trial treatment of secondary hyperaldosteronism].

PMID- 13683314
TI  - Inhibitory effects of hydrochloric acid in antrum and duodenum on gastric
      secretory responses to insulin hypoglycemia in Pavlov pouch dogs.

PMID- 13683315
TI  - Inhibitory effects of hydrochloric acid in antrum and duodenum on histamine
      stimulated gastric secretion in Pavlov and Heidenhain pouch dogs.

PMID- 13683316
TI  - Inhibitory effects of hydrochloric acid in the duodenum on gastrin-stimulated
      gastric secretion in Heidenhain pouch dogs.

PMID- 13683317
TI  - Some factors involved in the induction or growth of testicular tumors in BALB/c
      mice.

PMID- 13683318
TI  - Testicular tumors in mice after removal of stilbestrol-cholesterol pellets.

PMID- 13683319
TI  - [On bone changes in lymphatic leukemia].

PMID- 13683320
TI  - [Hypothermia and water-mineral excretion].

PMID- 13683321
TI  - [Resuscitation of the isolated frog heart after freezing; effect of calcium].

PMID- 13683322
TI  - The relationship between acid production and enamel decalcification in salivary
      fermentations of carbohydrate foodstuffs.

PMID- 13683323
TI  - Studies on relaxin assay with x-ray photography.

PMID- 13683324
TI  - [Clinical studies on the metabolism of folic acid and citrovorum factor. I.
      Statistical observations of the concentration of blood folic acid and citrovorum
      factor, and PGA loading test in subjects with gastrectomy, especially with
      partial gastrectomy].

PMID- 13683325
TI  - [Clinical studies on the metabolism of folic acid and the citrovorum factor. III.
      Metabolism of folic acid following intravenous injection of PGA. Appendix: Some
      observations on the effect of aminopterin upon folic acid metabolism and on heat
      labile citrovorum factor].

PMID- 13683326
TI  - Studies on protamines. IX. Fractionation of clupeine.

PMID- 13683327
TI  - [Current possibilities of the bilateral surgical treatment of pulmonary
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 13683328
TI  - The use of serological investigations in studying the epidemiology of some virus
      infections in Bulgaria.

PMID- 13683329
TI  - [A study of the etiology of seasonal viral encephalitis in Pomorye].

PMID- 13683330
TI  - [Services by district physicians for patients with heart diseases].

PMID- 13683331
TI  - [Study of normal aqueous humor and aqueous humor in cases of glaucoma, and
      vitreous humor, by immunoelectrophoresis].

PMID- 13683332
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the cardiac changes in familial polyneuropathic
      amyloidosis. Preliminary note].

PMID- 13683333
TI  - [Some medicosocial aspects of hydropigenic multi-deficiency dystrophy in the
      State of Guanabara].

PMID- 13683334
TI  - [Ophthalmology in the service of the patient and the healthy man].

PMID- 13683335
TI  - [Cancer of the rectum. Study of 250 operated cases (synchronous combined abdomino
      perineal operation)].

PMID- 13683336
TI  - [Neurovasomotor monocorditis and the early diagnosis of laryngeal cancer].

PMID- 13683337
TI  - [Mixed tumors of the salivary glands of the palate].

PMID- 13683338
TI  - [Cysts and fistulas of the thyroglossal duct].

PMID- 13683339
TI  - Substituted acetamidomalonic esters and DL-2-acetamido acids as antitumor agents.

PMID- 13683340
TI  - [Serum iron and copper levels in gastrectomized peptic ulcer patients].

PMID- 13683341
TI  - [Observations on the relationship between abnormalities, prematurity and social
      conditions].

PMID- 13683342
TI  - [Detection of antigens to blood groups A, B, O and Rh in the chimpanzee ape].

PMID- 13683343
TI  - [Reflections on some cases of the exostotic disease].

PMID- 13683344
TI  - [Diphenylpyraline HCl (Histyn) in long-acting preparations (Durettes) in hay
      fever].

PMID- 13683345
TI  - [Classification of hemochromatosis].

PMID- 13683346
TI  - [Medical treatment of diverticular sigmoiditis].

PMID- 13683347
TI  - [On some newly discovered details of the ultrastructure of the vibratile
      organites].

PMID- 13683348
TI  - [Study of the action of diaminodiphenylsulfone on the sickling of erythrocytes].

PMID- 13683349
TI  - [Apropos of elephants and their attacks].

PMID- 13683350
TI  - [Biliary fistulas in tropical liver abscesses (apropos of 3 cases)].

PMID- 13683351
TI  - [Toward a new concept of amebic disease].

PMID- 13683352
TI  - [Apropos of 3 cases of ureteral fistulas].

PMID- 13683353
TI  - [Parapharyngeal tumors].

PMID- 13683354
TI  - [Treatment of collapse of hemorrhagic origin].

PMID- 13683355
TI  - [Hypochromic anemia with hemochromatosis. Normalization of the hematological
      picture by pyridoxine].

PMID- 13683356
TI  - [Hypochromic anemia with hemochromatosis. Normalization of the hematologic
      trouble with pyridoxine].

PMID- 13683357
TI  - [Reactions and complications caused by blood and blood derivatives].

PMID- 13683358
TI  - [Evolution of blood transfusion and of hemobiology in the Hopitaux de Paris].

PMID- 13683359
TI  - [Practical care of the infant].

PMID- 13683360
TI  - [Current aspects of retraining and rehabilitation].

PMID- 13683361
TI  - [Observations on the turnover and blood level of insulin in the normal and
      diabetic subject. Research with insulin labeled with I-131].

PMID- 13683362
TI  - [On a case of Bourneville's disease with involvement of the ciliary body].

PMID- 13683363
TI  - An analysis of convulsive disorder in a general hospital.

PMID- 13683364
TI  - [On permeability of the fetal membranes].

PMID- 13683365
TI  - [Myoma in combination with malignant diseases of the uterus].

PMID- 13683366
TI  - [On the treatment of actinomycosis in the cervicofacial region].

PMID- 13683367
TI  - [On clinical aspects of cervicofacial actinomycosis].

PMID- 13683368
TI  - [Treatment of trigeminal neuralgia from the viewpoint of the stomatologist].

PMID- 13683369
TI  - Twenty years' experience with midline extraperitoneal approach to hernias of the
      inguinofemoral region.

PMID- 13683370
TI  - [Reiter's disease with large skin changes (pseudovaricella). Case report].

PMID- 13683371
TI  - [Postcholecystectomy syndrome].

PMID- 13683372
TI  - [The dumping syndrome].

PMID- 13683373
TI  - [Anatomo-functional basis in relation to a new transventricular approach for the
      open-heart correction of mitral insufficiency].

PMID- 13683374
TI  - A composite response of skin homografts in the rat.

PMID- 13683375
TI  - [Experimental thrombosis and its prevention with a trypsin inhibitor].

PMID- 13683376
TI  - [Blood coagulation in vitamin C deficiency. III. Effect of vitamins C, P, B12 and
      K and of folic acid on thromboplastic activity of the blood in vitaminic C
      deficiency in guinea pigs].

PMID- 13683377
TI  - [Effect of phenyllin on the thromboplastic activity and concentration of
      thrombotropin and proconvertin in the blood of white rats].

PMID- 13683379
TI  - [New and old findings on the problem of meniscal evaluation].

PMID- 13683378
TI  - [Fibrinolysis and its physiological significance].

PMID- 13683380
TI  - [Practical measures in the treatment of burns].

PMID- 13683381
TI  - [The effect of various psychological excitations on cardiovascular activity in
      the acute period of rheumatism in children].

PMID- 13683382
TI  - [Results after surgical therapy of bone tumors according to clinical material].

PMID- 13683383
TI  - [A case of mesenterium commune].

PMID- 13683384
TI  - [An instrument for guiding of Kuentscher's nails into the bone].

PMID- 13683386
TI  - [Kinetocardiography in diseases of the cardiovascular system in clinical
      conditions].

PMID- 13683385
TI  - [On the ecology of Musca domestica L. in animal breeding farms].

PMID- 13683387
TI  - [Modern methods for the treatment of barbiturate poisoning].

PMID- 13683388
TI  - [On the problem of the effect of protein hydrolysates on gastric secretion
      (clinical-experimental study)].

PMID- 13683389
TI  - Reactivity of cardiac vessels and reparative processes following cardiac
      infarction.

PMID- 13683390
TI  - [The energy of radiations absorbed by the human organism during radon baths].

PMID- 13683391
TI  - [Urography with the subcutaneous administration of contrast media].

PMID- 13683392
TI  - [Change in the blood cholesterol content in acute radiation sickness in dogs
      treated with cysteine or with sour milk diets].

PMID- 13683393
TI  - [Early changes in the blood cholesterol content in acute radiation sickness in
      dogs fed normal diets].

PMID- 13683394
TI  - [The incidence and results of treatment of cancer of the skin in the Bulgarian
      People's Republic].

PMID- 13683395
TI  - [On the problem of so-called "cryptogenic forms" of cancer].

PMID- 13683396
TI  - [On the treatment of malignant melanoma in relation to localization and stage of
      development].

PMID- 13683397
TI  - [Graded radiation effects in advanced and deep skin cancer].

PMID- 13683398
TI  - [The schizophrenic picture of psychoses with manifestations of schizophasia in
      brain trauma].

PMID- 13683399
TI  - [On the treatment of patients with peptic ulcer with novocain visceral
      anesthesia].

PMID- 13683400
TI  - [Result of work of the Upper Altai Unified Children's Hospital].

PMID- 13683401
TI  - [On the problem of treatment of precancerous diseases of the breast].

PMID- 13683402
TI  - [Hygienic evaluation of the radiant heating system for working areas in cold
      environments].

PMID- 13683403
TI  - [Experience with physiotherapeutic treatment of myopia].

PMID- 13683404
TI  - [A synthetic polymer isomorphous with collagen].

PMID- 13683405
TI  - [Data on the problem of localization of internal inhibition].

PMID- 13683406
TI  - [Properdin system and its role in infection and immunity. II. Determination of
      biological activities of zymosan].

PMID- 13683407
TI  - [Disorders of the relationship between analyzers and changes in the lability of
      the neuro-muscular apparatus in reinforced concrete moulders].

PMID- 13683408
TI  - [On the problem of etiology and pathogenesis of osteoarticular changes in
      vibration disease].

PMID- 13683409
TI  - [Contribution to the study of injuries of the temporal region].

PMID- 13683410
TI  - [Injuries of the frontoethmoidal region].

PMID- 13683412
TI  - [Nodular trichophytosis in Crimea].

PMID- 13683411
TI  - [Experience in the treatment of trichomonas urethritis in men with DDT powder].

PMID- 13683413
TI  - [Pasternaca dermatitis].

PMID- 13683414
TI  - [The clearing factor in relation to the diagnosis and treatment of the
      atheromasic process].

PMID- 13683415
TI  - [Cases of Schoenlein-Henoch syndrome].

PMID- 13683416
TI  - [Contribution to the clinical picture of pleural epithelioma].

PMID- 13683417
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the pathogenesis and therapeutic effects of anemias
      in old subjects].

PMID- 13683418
TI  - [Diagnostic value of gastric biopsy].

PMID- 13683419
TI  - [Attempts at differentiation of mycobacteria sensitive and resistant to INH by
      the aid of quantitative and qualitative tests of peroxidase activity. Discussion
      of technical problems].

PMID- 13683420
TI  - Tracheal cannulas.

PMID- 13683421
TI  - Disturbed urinary excretion pattern of oestrogens in newborns with congenital
      dislocation of the hip. I. The excretion of oestrogen during the first few days
      of life.

PMID- 13683422
TI  - Disturbed urinary excretion pattern of oestrogens in newborns with congenital
      dislocation of the hip. II. The excretion of exogenous oestradiol-17 beta.

PMID- 13683423
TI  - A disorder of oestrogen metabolism as a causal factor of congenital dislocation
      of the hip.

PMID- 13683424
TI  - Diminished segmentation or premature ossification of the sternum in congenital
      heart disease.

PMID- 13683425
TI  - Emptying effect on the gall bladder of Tween 80 and some related compounds.

PMID- 13683426
TI  - Emptying effect on the gallbladder of tween 80.

PMID- 13683427
TI  - Influence of some cholecystographic media on the size of the gallbladder.

PMID- 13683428
TI  - Relationship between 'eccentric contractions' of the gallbladder and the
      postcholecystectomy syndrome.

PMID- 13683429
TI  - Double-contrast arthrography of knee with horizontal roentgen ray beam.

PMID- 13683430
TI  - Instability of the pubic symphysis and congenital dislocation of the hip in
      newborns. The possible aetiologic role of maternal hormones.

PMID- 13683431
TI  - Antigonadotropins in the treatment of uterine functional haemorrhage in young
      women.

PMID- 13683432
TI  - Milk-ejecting effect of hypertonic saline solution in woman.

PMID- 13683433
TI  - Parotitis and ovaritis.

PMID- 13683434
TI  - Neural factors in human pseudopregnancy.

PMID- 13683435
TI  - [Anti-ovulatory steroids, active by oral route].

PMID- 13683436
TI  - [Anti-ovulatory steroids; action in oral administration].

PMID- 13683437
TI  - [Luteotrophic action in the rabbit caused by uterine distention].

PMID- 13683438
TI  - [Pelvic congestion].

PMID- 13683439
TI  - [Pelvic congestion].

PMID- 13683440
TI  - [The therapy of juvenile dysfunctional hemorrhagic metropathy].

PMID- 13683441
TI  - [Left axial deviation in pure mitral stenosis. On 18 operated cases].

PMID- 13683442
TI  - [The pressure curves of the right atrium and of the left atrium in evaluation of
      defects of the interatrial septum].

PMID- 13683443
TI  - [The serum proteins in congenital cardiopathies before and after cardiac surgical
      intervention].

PMID- 13683444
TI  - [On 2 fatal cases of postoperative staphylococcal enterocolitis during antibiotic
      therapy].

PMID- 13683445
TI  - [Anatomopathological data on pulmonary tumors treated with cobalt teletherapy].

PMID- 13683446
TI  - [Anatomopathological findings in a case of silicosis and scleroderma].

PMID- 13683447
TI  - [Behavior of the resistance to antibiotics of Staphylococcus during the years
      1953-1959].

PMID- 13683448
TI  - [Hemolytic properties and enzymatic activity on egg media (egg-yolk reaction) of
      Staphylococcus].

PMID- 13683449
TI  - [Blood changes following athletic exercise involving extreme exertion. I. Changes
      in proteins and lipoproteins of the blood following a boxing match].

PMID- 13683450
TI  - [Blood changes following athletic exercise involving extreme exertion. II.
      Changes in the transaminase and pseudocholinesterase activity of the blood
      following a boxing match].

PMID- 13683451
TI  - [Observations on a case of Horton's arteritis].

PMID- 13683452
TI  - [Phlebography as a method of investigation in venous diseases of the lower
      extremities].

PMID- 13683453
TI  - [Anthropozoonoses: diseases of animals endangering man].

PMID- 13683454
TI  - [Research on the fine-structure of spinal ganglia].

PMID- 13683455
TI  - [Research on the morphological changes in spinal ganglia during retrograde
      degeneration].

PMID- 13683456
TI  - [Diagrams on dosage determinations of linear gamma rays].

PMID- 13683457
TI  - [Studies on potassium excretion during diuretic therapy with sulfamyl derivatives
      in healthy and edematous subjects].

PMID- 13683458
TI  - Host-homograft interactions following leukocytic transfusion during pregnancy.

PMID- 13683459
TI  - [Indications, results and complications of laparoscopic exploration (report on
      1,580 cases)].

PMID- 13683460
TI  - [Considerations on a case of intermediate electrocution syndrome].

PMID- 13683461
TI  - [A case of disorder of the osseous system in a child 5 years and 8 months of age
      with symptoms of 3 diseases; osteogenesis imperfecta, osteopsathyrosis
      idiopathica and dentinogenesis imperfecta].

PMID- 13683462
TI  - A simple teaching model illustrating the rotation of the gut.

PMID- 13683463
TI  - The effect of certain anaesthetics on the activity of small motor fibres serving
      the hind limb of the rat.

PMID- 13683464
TI  - Threader for Manchester ovoids.

PMID- 13683465
TI  - The economic cost of mental illness in Michigan.

PMID- 13683466
TI  - The surgical treatment of epilepsy.

PMID- 13683467
TI  - Hiatus hernia--a clinical study.

PMID- 13683468
TI  - An analysis of the idea of "resources" in animal ecology.

PMID- 13683469
TI  - Newcastle disease as a model for studies of experimental epidemiology.

PMID- 13683470
TI  - Taxonomy of viruses infecting vertebrates: present knowledge and ignorance.

PMID- 13683471
TI  - Diagnostic laboratory organization: future.

PMID- 13683472
TI  - The viruses of the common cold.

PMID- 13683473
TI  - Relationship of pulmonary function testing to bronchology.

PMID- 13683474
TI  - Hazards of edathamil (EDTA) therapy in lead intoxication.

PMID- 13683475
TI  - Spontaneous vesicointestinal fistula.

PMID- 13683476
TI  - The treatment of diamondback rattlesnake bite (Crotalus adamanteus), vitamin K an
      adjunct.

PMID- 13683477
TI  - Anxiety in pregnancy.

PMID- 13683478
TI  - A few reminiscences about Dean DAVISON.

PMID- 13683479
TI  - Hypersensitivity in children.

PMID- 13683480
TI  - Infantile eczema.

PMID- 13683481
TI  - Lethal congenital neutropenia with eosinophilia occurring in two siblings.

PMID- 13683482
TI  - The diabetic state in acute pancreatitis: a case report.

PMID- 13683483
TI  - Thoracomediastinal plication: a surgical technique for chronic empyema.

PMID- 13683484
TI  - Ocular myopathy--a case report.

PMID- 13683485
TI  - Preparation of interferon.

PMID- 13683486
TI  - Prevalence of tuberculosis among close family contacts of tuberculous patients in
      South India, and influence of segregation of the patient on early attack rate.
AB  - The results of a study by the Tuberculosis Chemotherapy Centre, Madras, of the
      merits of home as compared with sanatorium treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis
      have indicated that treatment at home is satisfactory in the majority of cases.
      Before domiciliary chemotherapy can be introduced on a large scale, however, it
      must be established that it does not expose the patient's contacts to a special
      risk of infection, avoided by his isolation in a sanatorium. Accordingly, a
      further study was undertaken by the Centre to determine (a) the prevalence of
      tuberculosis among the family contacts of patients, and (b) the incidence of
      clinical tuberculosis and of tuberculous infections in the family contacts of the
      home and sanatorium groups of patients during the first year of treatment. The
      findings of this study indicate that the major risk for contacts lies in exposure
      to the infectious case before diagnosis, whether the patient subsequently remains
      at home or is isolated in a sanatorium appearing to have little importance, if
      the patients at home are treated with effective chemotherapy. Children under
      seven years of age proved to be particularly vulnerable to infection. The
      management of young contacts by chemoprophylaxis or by BCG vaccination, or by
      both measures, has been discussed.

PMID- 13683487
TI  - Stein-Leventhal syndrome with associated adenocarcinoma of the endometrium.
      Report of a case in a 22-year-old woman.

PMID- 13683488
TI  - The newer progestins in various gynecological disorders.

PMID- 13683489
TI  - Raymond G, ARVESON, 1883-1960.

PMID- 13683490
TI  - Some factors affecting the passage of sulphobromophthalein into and out of
      hepatic parenchymal cells.

PMID- 13683491
TI  - [On the problem of removal of magnetic foreign bodies from the crystalline lens].

PMID- 13683492
TI  - Thoracoplasty in pulmonary tuberculosis. The results obtained in 428 cases (620
      surgical interventions) at the end of 5-15 years following the operation.

PMID- 13683493
TI  - [Treatment of patients with skin diseases with highly concentrated Matsesta baths
      in polyclinical conditions].

PMID- 13683495
TI  - [Anti-rabies vaccinations at the Centre Hospitalier Regional de Toulouse in
      1960].

PMID- 13683494
TI  - [The treatment of barbiturate comas by respiratory reanimation and
      alkalinization].

PMID- 13683496
TI  - [From daily sleep to eternal sleep. II. Anesthesia and its mechanisms].

PMID- 13683497
TI  - [The metabolism of calcium. Pathogenesis and synergism of decalcification].

PMID- 13683498
TI  - [Iron metabolism in the organism (a review of the literature)].

PMID- 13683499
TI  - [Actinomycetes on roots of winter wheat].

PMID- 13683500
TI  - [Distribution of soil actinomycetes].

PMID- 13683501
TI  - [Effect of gamma rays on certain biological properties of B. breslau].

PMID- 13683502
TI  - Altered sulfobromophthalein metabolism in man induced by the antifungal agent X
      5079C.

PMID- 13683503
TI  - [Unilateral pheochromocytoma cured by surgery in a 10-year-old boy].

PMID- 13683504
TI  - [Lymph drainage pathways from the larynx into the retropharyngeal lymph nodes].

PMID- 13683505
TI  - [On some features of positive and inhibitory cardiac conditioned reflexes in
      man].

PMID- 13683506
TI  - [On ascariasis of the pancreas].

PMID- 13683507
TI  - [On the diagnosis and treatment of subcutaneous ruptures of the retroperitoneal
      portion of the duodenum].

PMID- 13683508
TI  - [Replacement of the stomach with a loop of large intestine in cancer].

PMID- 13683509
TI  - [Familial psoriasis].

PMID- 13683510
TI  - [Complications of ureteral coloboma].

PMID- 13683511
TI  - [Early and late results in 200 cases of Hryntschak's prostatectomy].

PMID- 13683512
TI  - Bile duct obstruction and regeneration of the liver.

PMID- 13683513
TI  - Diagnosis of angina pectoris.

PMID- 13683514
TI  - [Effect of prolonged feeding ethyl alcohol to rats on functioning of the adrenal
      cortex].

PMID- 13683515
TI  - Rapid and small-volume reagin tests.

PMID- 13683516
TI  - The role of limbic structures in learned behavior.

PMID- 13683517
TI  - [Interaction of tick encephalitis viruses with sensitive cells. I. Sensitivity of
      of various cell cultures to the tick encephalitis virus].

PMID- 13683518
TI  - [Interrelation of the virus of tick encephalitis with susceptible cells in vitro.
      II. Latent infection of the cells].

PMID- 13683519
TI  - [A study of the content of ribonucleic acid in the neurons of the central nervous
      system of the monkey Macaca rhesus in the process of immunogenesis].

PMID- 13683520
TI  - [Associated vaccine in controlling poliomyelitis, diphtheria and tetanus].

PMID- 13683521
TI  - [Clinical manifestation in adenovirus conjunctivitis].

PMID- 13683522
TI  - The kinetics of formation of native ribonuclease during oxidation of the reduced
      polypeptide chain.

PMID- 13683523
TI  - Studies on the reduction and re-formation of protein disulfide bonds.

PMID- 13683524
TI  - Genetic control of protein structure in bacteriophages.

PMID- 13683525
TI  - [Experiments on the sensitivity of 214 strains of bacteria to spiramycin].

PMID- 13683526
TI  - [Pathogens of acute conjunctivitis and their resistance to antibiotics].

PMID- 13683527
TI  - [On pharmacology of corulin].

PMID- 13683528
TI  - Urinary taurine excretion and the partition of sulfur in four species of mammals
      after whole-body x-irradiation.

PMID- 13683529
TI  - Corticotropin in the treatment of tuberculosis. A controlled study.

PMID- 13683530
TI  - Age change in obesity.

PMID- 13683531
TI  - Viking Fund medalist for 1959 (William W. GREULICH).

PMID- 13683532
TI  - Jackson, Freud and Sherrington on the relation of brain and mind.

PMID- 13683533
TI  - [Surgical treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. A new technic].

PMID- 13683534
TI  - The hospital's role in P. N. education. (A survey).

PMID- 13683535
TI  - The administrator's use of personnel.

PMID- 13683536
TI  - Cardiovascular action of adenosine and other nucleosides.

PMID- 13683537
TI  - [Secernent adenocarcinoma of the parathyroid gland with fibrocystic osteosis].

PMID- 13683538
TI  - [The use of cortisone in the surgical treatment of pheochromocytoma].

PMID- 13683539
TI  - [Late neurological complications in epidemic hepatitis. Considerations on a
      clinica case].

PMID- 13683540
TI  - [Chromatographic findings on the protein and enzymatic composition of mouse
      mammary tumors].

PMID- 13683541
TI  - Similarity of protein and enzyme patterns in different types of malignant
      tissues.

PMID- 13683542
TI  - Chromatographic patterns of protein and enzymes in extracts of rhabdomyosarcoma
      and muscle in mice.

PMID- 13683543
TI  - [On the value of schermography in the examination of some communities].

PMID- 13683544
TI  - [On a case of splenomegalic acquired autoimmune hemolytic anemia of difficult
      interpretation].

PMID- 13683545
TI  - [Conglutination].

PMID- 13683546
TI  - [Terson's oculocerebral hemorrhagic syndrome].

PMID- 13683547
TI  - [Mirror movements: a clinical contribution].

PMID- 13683548
TI  - [Religious assistance in the hospital].

PMID- 13683549
TI  - [Stomatological syndromes in hemopathies].

PMID- 13683550
TI  - [Preliminary research on the incidence of the Cellano factor in the Italian
      population. Observations on subjects born in Lazio].

PMID- 13683551
TI  - [Therapeutic abortion in tuberculosis. Current status of the problem].

PMID- 13683552
TI  - [Cranial rheography in vasculopathies and in cerebral neoplasms].

PMID- 13683553
TI  - [The determination of 5-hydroxy-indolacetic acid in acute coronary
      insufficiency].

PMID- 13683554
TI  - [The Lutembacher syndrome: clinical and hemodynamic observations before and after
      surgery].

PMID- 13683555
TI  - [The urinary determination of a catabolite of serotonin (5-hydroxyindolacetic
      acid) in coronary insufficiency with or without myocardial infarct].

PMID- 13683556
TI  - [Hemodynamic study of the lesser circulation after pulmonary resection in 26
      patients 2 to 10 years after operation].

PMID- 13683557
TI  - [Acute cor pulmonale].

PMID- 13683558
TI  - Syndrome of coloboma with multiple congenital abnormalities in infancy.

PMID- 13683559
TI  - [Bilateral fracture of the femur neck caused by electroshock].

PMID- 13683560
TI  - [Bilateral traumatic dislocation of the hip. Presentation vf a case].

PMID- 13683561
TI  - Differences between alkali resistant haemoglobin fractions of Cooley's anaemia,
      offetal blood and of sickle cell anaemia.

PMID- 13683562
TI  - [New method for the serological diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA test)].

PMID- 13683563
TI  - Salmonella infantis isolated from ham in food poisoning incident.

PMID- 13683564
TI  - Time-temperature effects on Salmonellae and Staphylococci in foods. III. Thermal
      death time studies.
AB  - Thermal death time studies were conducted at 5 F intervals from 130 to 150 F with
      strains of salmonellae and enterotoxigenic staphylococci. Heat-resistant
      Salmonella senftenberg strain 775W, Staphylococcus aureus strains 196E and Ms149,
      and non-heat-resistant Salmonella manhattan were studied in custard, chicken a la
      king, and ham salad. The F(140) values (minutes of exposure at 140 F required to
      effect 100% destruction) were as follows: S. senftenberg 775W in custard 78, and
      chicken a la king 81.5; S. manhattan in custard 19, and chicken a la king 3.1; S.
      aureus 196E in custard 59, and chicken a la king 47; S. aureus Ms149 in custard
      53, and chicken a la king 40. The end points of survival-kill at all the test
      temperatures for both salmonellae and staphylococci in ham salad were
      considerably less than for the other foods studied.D(140) values (minutes of
      exposure at 140 F required to effect a 90% reduction in numbers) were also
      calculated from the data and presented. Values for z(F) and z(D) (slope of the
      thermal-death-time and decimal-reduction-time curves) are also presented and
      discussed in relation to type of food, organism, and temperature. These data
      indicate that heating perishable foods of the type studied to 150 F and holding
      every particle of food at this temperature for at least 12 min reduces 10 million
      or less salmonellae or staphylococci per gram to nondetectable levels. The same
      degree of destruction is achieved in similarly contaminated foods when held at
      140 F for 78 to 83 min. On the basis of the calculation procedures employed, it
      is estimated that 45-min exposure at 140 F would be necessary to reduce 1,000
      organisms per gram to nondetectable levels.

PMID- 13683565
TI  - Time-temperature effects on salmonellae and staphylococci in foods. I. Behavior
      in refrigerated foods. II. Behavior at warm holding temperatures.

PMID- 13683566
TI  - [Possible surgical therapy of poly-radicular teeth].

PMID- 13683567
TI  - [Principal sources of blood supply of the liver].

PMID- 13683568
TI  - [Animals as a source of human toxoplasmosis].

PMID- 13683569
TI  - [Analgesia without respiratory depression by means of association of morphine,
      structural antagonists and Daptazol].

PMID- 13683570
TI  - [Ototoxicity of streptomycin and experimental pharmacology].

PMID- 13683571
TI  - [Incapacity of ribonucleic acid to protect cells of the HeLa strain cultivated in
      vitro from the cytopathogenic action of the influenza virus].

PMID- 13683572
TI  - Superimposed optical and gamma-ray-scanner images.

PMID- 13683573
TI  - [Hyperuricemia in the entero-arthrotic syndrome and in the etiology of colitis].

PMID- 13683574
TI  - The influence of early sensory-social deprivation on the social operant in dogs.

PMID- 13683575
TI  - The electrophoretic mobility of red blood cells of normal human beings.

PMID- 13683576
TI  - "Reality testing" in vocational counseling.

PMID- 13683578
TI  - [Measurement of gonadal dosage in simultaneous tomography of the lungs].

PMID- 13683577
TI  - [Experiences with chemical intensification of underexposed radiographs of the
      lungs and the possibility of dosage reduction by this method].

PMID- 13683580
TI  - On organ weight analysis in experimental animals.

PMID- 13683579
TI  - The effect of adrenalectomy on the urinary excretion of histamine in the rat.

PMID- 13683581
TI  - The gastric mucosa in diabetes mellitus. A functional and histopathological
      study.

PMID- 13683582
TI  - Amelioration of diabetes mellitus following gastric resection.

PMID- 13683584
TI  - [Progressive muscular dystrophy: evaluation of the extent of motor impairments by
      manual muscle tests].

PMID- 13683583
TI  - Pulmonary siderosis in electrical welder. A note on pathological appearances.

PMID- 13683585
TI  - [Amino aciduria produced with maleic acid. VIII. Effect of progesterone on the
      picture of maleic acid intoxication in rats fed galactose diets].

PMID- 13683586
TI  - [Aminoaciduria produced by maleic acid. VII. Attempted interpretation of the
      effect and mode of administration of diets on the picture of poisoning].

PMID- 13683587
TI  - [Aminoaciduria produced by maleic acid. V. Comparison of maleic acid poisoning
      with intoxications produced by salyrgan, mercury chloride, iodoacetate, malonic
      acid and phlorhizin].

PMID- 13683588
TI  - [Aminoaciduria produced by maleic acid. VI. Alpha-amino nitrogen and keto acids
      in the blood].

PMID- 13683589
TI  - [Effect of kidney homogenates on the reaction of glutathione with maleic acid].

PMID- 13683590
TI  - [Sulfhydryl groups in multiple tubular defects produced by maleic acid].

PMID- 13683591
TI  - The use of mumps skin test in adults.

PMID- 13683592
TI  - Prevention of wound dehiscence by use of stainless-steel retention sutures.

PMID- 13683593
TI  - Cancer of the breast and biological predeterminism: a re-evaluation.

PMID- 13683594
TI  - [Our experience in the use of artificial respirators in anesthesia].

PMID- 13683595
TI  - The psychosexual identification of pre-school boys.

PMID- 13683596
TI  - [Ancylostomiasis in Somaliland].

PMID- 13683597
TI  - Intermediary magnification in the study of morphology.

PMID- 13683598
TI  - A pathologist's experience with attitudes toward death.

PMID- 13683599
TI  - Rehospitalization of female mental patients. Social and psychological factors.

PMID- 13683600
TI  - [Industrial hygiene and safety in the petroleum industry].

PMID- 13683601
TI  - [Acute phlegmonous gastritis during pregnancy].

PMID- 13683602
TI  - [Work carried out in the field of pathological anatomy].

PMID- 13683603
TI  - [Cryptococcosis in Venezuela].

PMID- 13683604
TI  - [Circumscribed forms of pulmonary histoplasmosis (Histoplasma)].

PMID- 13683605
TI  - Victor Vance ANDERSON, 1878-1960.

PMID- 13683606
TI  - [Experiences with tofranil in the therapy of depressive states. A functional
      dynamic theory on the pathogenesis of depressive states and the mechanism of
      action of tofranil].

PMID- 13683607
TI  - Data regarding the enteropathogenicity of staphylococci in infants.

PMID- 13683608
TI  - Studies on the classification, pathogenicity and antigenic structure of
      Staphylococci. I. The occurrence and pathogenicity of Micrococcaceae.

PMID- 13683609
TI  - Studies on the classification, pathogenicity and antigenic structure of
      Staphylococci. III. Examination of Staphylococci isolated from faeces.

PMID- 13683610
TI  - [The first department of traumatology created in the country will have a
      rehabilitation section].

PMID- 13683611
TI  - [On various aspects of the pharmacology of hydrochlorothiazide].

PMID- 13683613
TI  - [On the organization of experimental physiological investigations on the problem
      of atherosclerosis].

PMID- 13683612
TI  - [Alloplasty of a segment of the aortic arch with the ostium and trunk of the left
      subclavian artery].

PMID- 13683614
TI  - Reflexes from carotid bodies upon the adrenals.

PMID- 13683615
TI  - [Irritation of the sympathetic nerve as a cause of myocardial lesions].

PMID- 13683616
TI  - [Pharmacology of central cholinergic synapses].

PMID- 13683617
TI  - Inhibitory effects of antirat pituitary serum (APS) on hypophysectomized rats
      injected with pituitary hormones.

PMID- 13683619
TI  - [Topographic details of the intraduodenal and pancreatic segments of the common
      bile duct].

PMID- 13683618
TI  - [Osteochrondroma of the transverse process of the spine].

PMID- 13683620
TI  - [High frequency current in the treatment of poliomyelitis in adults].

PMID- 13683621
TI  - [2 types of afferent influences of small intestine mechanoreceptors on the blood
      pressure].

PMID- 13683622
TI  - [On the problem of the adaptation of the chemoreceptors].

PMID- 13683623
TI  - [Studies on the mechanism of chemorecepton. IV. Effect of nicotine and acids on
      intestinal receptors in conditions of modified excitability under the influence
      of various concentrations of monoidoacetic acid].

PMID- 13683624
TI  - Colloid milium.

PMID- 13683625
TI  - [Certain data on the application of hydrolysin (L-103) solution in surgical
      practice].

PMID- 13683626
TI  - [The appearance of cancer of the skin in the area of urinary fistulae].

PMID- 13683627
TI  - [Effect of hypochloride with vegetable fat diet on the level of cholesterol,
      lipoprotein and protein fractions of the blood serum of patients with
      arteriosclerosis].

PMID- 13683628
TI  - [On the problem of the adaptation of the visual apparatus to natural
      illumination].

PMID- 13683629
TI  - [Contractile activity of the uterus in labor in the use of promedol in
      combination with new spasmolytics and neuroplegic substances for labor
      anesthesia].

PMID- 13683630
TI  - [Adenomatosis of the lungs with malignant degeneration].

PMID- 13683631
TI  - [Morphology of the angioreceptors of the dura mater].

PMID- 13683632
TI  - [Microdetermination of vitamin C in the blood proteins and blood serum].

PMID- 13683633
TI  - [On experimental autogenous infection].

PMID- 13683634
TI  - [On the morphodynamics of coronary sclerosis of the heart].

PMID- 13683636
TI  - [Evolution of infantile mortality].

PMID- 13683635
TI  - [The pharmacology of central cholinergic synapses].

PMID- 13683637
TI  - [Mechanisms of the regulation of acid-base equilibrium].

PMID- 13683638
TI  - Aqueous flare and protein content in the anterior chamber of normal rabbits'
      eyes.

PMID- 13683639
TI  - Physiological variations of the aqueous flare density in normal human eyes.

PMID- 13683640
TI  - Physiological variations of the aqueous flare density in normal rabbits' eyes.

PMID- 13683641
TI  - The effect of extracorporeal circulation upon portal hemodynamics.

PMID- 13683642
TI  - The effect of total body perfusion on carotid blood flow.

PMID- 13683643
TI  - Nitrogen mustard in treatment of metastatic carcinoma of the testis.

PMID- 13683644
TI  - A possible biochemical mechanism for memory.

PMID- 13683645
TI  - The biosynthesis of plasma proteins.

PMID- 13683646
TI  - [The effect of ethyl urethane on oxygen consumption and body temperature of
      rats].

PMID- 13683647
TI  - [On prophylactic measures for the prevention of occupational dermatoses with
      special reference to oil acne].

PMID- 13683648
TI  - Metastasizing bronchial adenoma. Occurrence in patient with the functioning
      carcinoid syndrome.

PMID- 13683649
TI  - Fibrinolytic agents in surgical practice. Their role as an adjunct to surgical
      treatment of thromboembolic disease in 37 patients.

PMID- 13683650
TI  - Serotonin studies in intravascular thrombosis.

PMID- 13683651
TI  - Personnel: don't fence them in.

PMID- 13683652
TI  - Pediatric records.

PMID- 13683654
TI  - Carcinoma of the penis in Jamaica.

PMID- 13683653
TI  - Barium studies in intestinal lymphogranuloma venereum.

PMID- 13683655
TI  - Rectal lymphogranuloma venereum in Jamaica.

PMID- 13683656
TI  - Rectal lymphogranuloma venereum in Jamaica.

PMID- 13683657
TI  - Alexander Hodgdon STEVENS, 1789-1869. The Academy's 5th president.

PMID- 13683658
TI  - The conditioned emotional response as a function of intensity of the US.

PMID- 13683659
TI  - Recovery of Strigomonas oncopelti after drying from the liquid state.

PMID- 13683660
TI  - Tuberculous Addison's disease. A case apparently cured by chemotherapy.

PMID- 13683661
TI  - Experimental changes of the plasma-catecholamine content.

PMID- 13683662
TI  - A rehabilitation unit on group therapy lines for long-stay patients.

PMID- 13683663
TI  - Psychiatric illness in adolescence: presentation and prognosis.

PMID- 13683664
TI  - [Perineal sigmourethroplasty].

PMID- 13683665
TI  - Acetate utilization in sheep.

PMID- 13683666
TI  - Glucose utilization in sheep.

PMID- 13683667
TI  - [Current problems in the physiology, morphology, pharmacology and clinical
      aspects of the reticular formation of the brain. (A survey of the problem based
      on the contributions of the 1st scientific conference on the reticular formation
      of the brain)].

PMID- 13683668
TI  - Electroencephalographic analysis of corticosubcortical relations in positive and
      negative conditioned reactions.

PMID- 13683669
TI  - [On the physiological properties of adrenergic substrate of the reticular
      formation of the brain stem].

PMID- 13683670
TI  - [Familial lupus erythematosus].

PMID- 13683671
TI  - [On the work of non-status neuropathologists].

PMID- 13683672
TI  - [Successes and failures in the treatment of cerebral thromboses with
      anticoagulants].

PMID- 13683673
TI  - [Behavior of the electrophoretic blood protein pattern in children exposed to
      roantgen therapy].

PMID- 13683674
TI  - [Clinico-radiological considerations on the bone changes in constitutional
      hemolytic jaundice of the Minkowski-Chauffard type in childhood].

PMID- 13683675
TI  - [Clinical considerations on a case of recurrent purulent mumps].

PMID- 13683676
TI  - [Distribution of blood groups in premature infants].

PMID- 13683677
TI  - [Complicated subphrenic abscess].

PMID- 13683679
TI  - Mites in relation to human welfare.

PMID- 13683678
TI  - Mites in relation to human welfare.

PMID- 13683680
TI  - ["Pseudomycoses"--their diagnosis].

PMID- 13683681
TI  - Ideas and ideologies in psychotherapy.

PMID- 13683682
TI  - The cytidine diphosphate choline content of rat brain.

PMID- 13683683
TI  - Studies on cerebral sphingomyelin.

PMID- 13683684
TI  - Estimation of total body potassium in patients with ureterosigmoidostomies.

PMID- 13683685
TI  - [Electrophysiological significance of ventricular deflections. I. Contribution of
      the free ventricular walls in distinct mechanisms of ventricular activation].

PMID- 13683686
TI  - Participation of the free ventricular walls in the mechanism of production of
      bundle branch block. Their influence on the morphology of unipolar epicardial
      tracings.

PMID- 13683687
TI  - [The urinary elimination of estriol, estrone and 17-beta estradiol in normal
      adult humans].

PMID- 13683688
TI  - Anomalous coronary artery connecting with the right ventricle associated with
      pulmonary stenosis and atrial septal defect.

PMID- 13683689
TI  - [Agenesis of the pulmonary sigmoid valves. Presentation of 2 cases and review of
      the literature].

PMID- 13683690
TI  - [Chromatographic analysis of fatty substances in the vapor phase. II. Technic of
      execution and chromatograms of some oils and vegetable and animal fats].

PMID- 13683691
TI  - [On prednisolone treatment of ureteral strictures following the Schauta
      operation].

PMID- 13683692
TI  - [Can the cure rate in the Schauta and Wertheim operation for cervical carcinoma
      be improved by a more radical approach?].

PMID- 13683693
TI  - [The treatment of hypertensive late gestosis with anthypertensive agents, with
      special reference to eclampsia].

PMID- 13683694
TI  - [Etiopathogenesis of the psychoneuroses and their incidence among elderly
      workers, cared for by the INAM].

PMID- 13683695
TI  - [Cervical incompetence as a cause of abortion. Our experience in its surgical
      correction].

PMID- 13683696
TI  - [Means for the eradication of diphtheria morbidity in the country (Results in
      Leningrad)].

PMID- 13683697
TI  - [Ballistocardiographic studies in anemia].

PMID- 13683698
TI  - [A case of false tumor of the large intestine caused by penetration into its
      walls of multiple fecaliths].

PMID- 13683699
TI  - [The distribution and therapy of echinococcosis in the Checheno-Ingush ASSR].

PMID- 13683700
TI  - [A patient with cured toxic transverse lesion].

PMID- 13683701
TI  - Common variations in renal anatomy, affecting blood supply, form, and topography.

PMID- 13683702
TI  - Surgical anatomy of the inguinal region based upon a study of 500 body-halves.

PMID- 13683703
TI  - Outline for a course in the history of anatomy. I. Outline of topics with
      commentary.

PMID- 13683704
TI  - Stapedial, capsular and labyrinthine anatomy in relation to otologic surgery.

PMID- 13683705
TI  - [Comparative studies on the excretion of peptides in the urine of metabolically
      healthy persons].

PMID- 13683706
TI  - Optimal conditions for storage of fresh frozen plasma.

PMID- 13683707
TI  - The influence of low temperature-storage on the heparin tolerance of human
      plasma.

PMID- 13683708
TI  - [Manifestations of pulmonary tuberculosis in adolescents and adults].

PMID- 13683709
TI  - Measuring visual constancy for stationary or moving objects.

PMID- 13683710
TI  - Fatalities during or following fluphenazine therapy.

PMID- 13683711
TI  - [Primary cancer of the gallbladder without calculi].

PMID- 13683712
TI  - [On the etiology of congenital crus varum].

PMID- 13683713
TI  - [A contribution to the relationship between pregnancy and carcinoma of the cervix
      uteri].

PMID- 13683714
TI  - [Change of the eosinophil count under the influence of a new iminodibenzyl
      derivative].

PMID- 13683715
TI  - [Urina spastica as a manifestation of diencephalic origin].

PMID- 13683716
TI  - Effects of amidopyrine on penicillin levels in human saliva.

PMID- 13683717
TI  - [Saliva and blood penicillin levels after submucous injections].

PMID- 13683718
TI  - Chemical correction of citrated bank blood by means of a parallel flow dialyzer.

PMID- 13683719
TI  - Determination of cardiac output and other hemodynamic data in patients with hyper
      and hypothyrodism, using dye dilution technique.

PMID- 13683720
TI  - Determination of cardiac output and other hemodynamic data in uremic patients
      using dye dilution technique.

PMID- 13683721
TI  - A new diagnostic approach to mucosal inflammation in proctocolitis.

PMID- 13683722
TI  - Thrombocytopenic purpura complicating infectious mononucleosis.

PMID- 13683723
TI  - [Chronic meningococcal sepsis].

PMID- 13683724
TI  - Blood volume changes in rodents exposed to simulated high altitude.

PMID- 13683725
TI  - Malignant mesothelioma.

PMID- 13683726
TI  - Visceral Kaposi's sarcoma.

PMID- 13683727
TI  - An experimental approach to the psychopathology of childhood--micropsia.

PMID- 13683728
TI  - Learning difficulties in childhood.

PMID- 13683729
TI  - Sixth-year evaluation of a course for food service supervisors.

PMID- 13683730
TI  - Prostheses in otosclerosis surgery.

PMID- 13683731
TI  - [Contribution to Metzger's tendon-sheath tuberculosis].

PMID- 13683732
TI  - [Carcinoid and carcinoid syndrome].

PMID- 13683733
TI  - [Staphylococcal septicopyemia].

PMID- 13683734
TI  - [Treatment of chronic leukemias with radioactive phosphorus. Early results in the
      treatment of 10 patients].

PMID- 13683735
TI  - [The significance of newly developing cancer cells].

PMID- 13683736
TI  - [Development of the therapy of perforating appendicitis].

PMID- 13683737
TI  - [Chromatography and its applications: resolution of racemes into optic
      antipodes].

PMID- 13683738
TI  - [Thyroid function in dogs at various times after total-body irradiation].

PMID- 13683739
TI  - [The effect of thyroidin on rats subjected to acute radiation injury].

PMID- 13683740
TI  - [Restoration of cardiac activity after prolonged arrest and anemia of the heart
      in acute experiment].

PMID- 13683741
TI  - [Physiopathological premise to the study of osteo-cartilagineous changes in the
      course of rheumatic disease].

PMID- 13683742
TI  - [Bilateral congenital fistula of the neck].

PMID- 13683743
TI  - [Influence of a boiling water extract of yeast strains resistant to cupric ions
      on the behavior of sensitive parental cells].

PMID- 13683744
TI  - [Infectious complications constitue today the major cause of failures of
      reanimation].

PMID- 13683745
TI  - [Chromatographical study of serum and urinary amino acids in burned patients].

PMID- 13683746
TI  - [The radiology of congenital megacolon].

PMID- 13683747
TI  - [Splenoportography in hepatomegalies in children].

PMID- 13683748
TI  - [Summary of Saharan ocular pathology].

PMID- 13683749
TI  - [What can the practitioner expect of cytology?].

PMID- 13683750
TI  - [Modified fenestration for otosclerotic deafness].

PMID- 13683751
TI  - [Experiences with Truxal in institutional practice].

PMID- 13683752
TI  - Agammaglobulinemia complicating Whipple's disease. Case report.

PMID- 13683753
TI  - Whipple's disease. Report of a case of unusual duration.

PMID- 13683754
TI  - [Solitary choroid metastasis of thyroid adenoma].

PMID- 13683755
TI  - [Unexpected blindness as a complication after extirpation of the lacrimal sac].

PMID- 13683756
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the hypoglycemic action of 3-amino
      methylbenolsulfonylcyclohexyl carbamide].

PMID- 13683757
TI  - [Consideration on blood iron; total and nonsaturated transferrin in persons
      subject to intermittent hypoxia].

PMID- 13683758
TI  - A case of probable psychogenic hypertrichosis.

PMID- 13683759
TI  - [Psychosomatic significance of autonomic dystonia].

PMID- 13683761
TI  - [Cisternal puncture. In connection with a bad case].

PMID- 13683760
TI  - [Inotropic effect of ATP and adrenalin on the hypodynamic frog myocardium after
      electro-mechanical decoupling by calcium ion withdrawal].

PMID- 13683762
TI  - [In memoriam Gunnar WOHLFART, 9 March 1910--23 March 1961].

PMID- 13683763
TI  - The hazard of iatrogenic pneumothorax in certain diagnostic and therapeutic
      procedures.

PMID- 13683764
TI  - Studies on the state of insulin in blood: "free" insulin and insulin complexes in
      human sera and and their in vitro biological properties.

PMID- 13683765
TI  - Studies on the state of insulin in blood: the role of glucose in the in vivo
      dissociation of insulin complexes.

PMID- 13683766
TI  - Studies on the state of insulin in blood: dissociation of purified human blood
      insulin complex(es) by incubation with adipose tissue extracts in vitro.

PMID- 13683767
TI  - Studies on the state of insulin in blood: the state and transport of insulin in
      blood.

PMID- 13683768
TI  - [On the problem of preserved immune blood according to differential indices].

PMID- 13683769
TI  - Arteriosclerosis of the arteries of the stomach.

PMID- 13683770
TI  - [The negative U wave as a residual sign in myocardial infarction].

PMID- 13683771
TI  - [Energy-dynamic myocardial insufficiency].

PMID- 13683772
TI  - [Pathological depression of the T-U junction].

PMID- 13683773
TI  - [Hypothalamo-hypophyseal dwarfism with spontaneous puberty].

PMID- 13683774
TI  - Some observations on the kinetics of the reactions with gases of natural and
      reconstituted haemoglobins.

PMID- 13683775
TI  - [Molecular characteristics of the desoxypentosonucleic acid of the calf thymus in
      concentrated saline solutions].

PMID- 13683776
TI  - Studies on carboxypeptidase digests of human hemoglobin.

PMID- 13683777
TI  - [Analytical study of the blood lipids in young and old diabetics].

PMID- 13683778
TI  - [Observations on aerosol treatment with some antibiotics in
      otorhinolaryngoiatria].

PMID- 13683779
TI  - Group action.

PMID- 13683780
TI  - [Karyometric research on the histophysiology of the kidney. II. Behavior of the
      initial and intermediary segments of the rat kidney after water overload].

PMID- 13683781
TI  - Blood fibrinolytic activity in white and Bantu subjects.

PMID- 13683782
TI  - The influence of diet on serumtriglycerides in South Africa white and Bantu
      prisoners.

PMID- 13683783
TI  - The colorimetric determination of ester groups in lipid extracts.

PMID- 13683784
TI  - Group operant behavior: an extension of individual research methodology to a real
      life situation.

PMID- 13683785
TI  - A test of the hypothesis of an unconditioned operant reserve.

PMID- 13683786
TI  - [Registration of the pressure and pulse volume by the method of tensometry].

PMID- 13683787
TI  - [On carcinogenic effects of natural Saratov petroleum].

PMID- 13683788
TI  - [Effect of dinitrophenol on temperature-dependence of the action potential in the
      giant axon of earthworms].

PMID- 13683789
TI  - [Tonus and proprioceptive reflexes of the cervical muscles].

PMID- 13683790
TI  - [The state of the fundus oculi in hypertension in adolescents and youths].

PMID- 13683791
TI  - [Appliance for warming of the air inspired by laryngectomized patients].

PMID- 13683792
TI  - [Isolated lesions of the small intestine in lymphogranulomatosis].

PMID- 13683793
TI  - [Chronic infantile neutropenia: review of the literature an presentation of a
      case].

PMID- 13683794
TI  - [Apropos of a case of acute malignant reticulosis in childhood].

PMID- 13683795
TI  - Inactivation and reactivation of chymotrypsin.

PMID- 13683796
TI  - [Atelectasis of the middle and inferior lobe of the right lung after a
      spontaneous delivery].

PMID- 13683797
TI  - [Female genital cancer morbidity and mortality in the district of Koeniggraetz
      from 1956 to 1958].

PMID- 13683798
TI  - [Changes in the blood supply of the cortical ends of the visual and auditory
      analyzers during the excitation].

PMID- 13683799
TI  - [Certain hygienic aspects of extended school days].

PMID- 13683800
TI  - [On increased sensitivity to cold].

PMID- 13683801
TI  - On the pathogenesis of infarction apoplexy.

PMID- 13683802
TI  - [Arteriosclerotic encephalopathy].

PMID- 13683803
TI  - [4 new cases of the Dawson-Pette-Van Bogaert type of subacute encephalitis
      ("subacute panencephalitis')].

PMID- 13683805
TI  - [Physiology applied to physical education. Present concepts of its orientation].

PMID- 13683804
TI  - [A student tour in northern Europe].

PMID- 13683806
TI  - [Woman and sports].

PMID- 13683807
TI  - [Microbiological diagnosis of leptospirosis. Attempted standardization of routine
      diagnosis].

PMID- 13683808
TI  - [Recent epidemiological problems in leptospirosis].

PMID- 13683809
TI  - [On the problem of an acute mast cell damage and histamine release by
      endotoxins].

PMID- 13683810
TI  - Histamine liberation by cotton dust extracts: evidence against its causation by
      bacterial endotoxins.

PMID- 13683811
TI  - [On the adjuvant effects of quartz and other dusts in rabbits and rats].

PMID- 13683812
TI  - [The liberation of histamine by extracts of cotton dust and its relation to the
      pathogenesis of byssinosis].

PMID- 13683813
TI  - Fluorescent petal constituents of Chrysanthemum coronarium L.

PMID- 13683814
TI  - Construction of artificial tendon sheaths in dogs.

PMID- 13683815
TI  - [Renal microdissection in O'Higgins' disease].

PMID- 13683816
TI  - [Usefulness of microdissection of the kidney in human renal pathology].

PMID- 13683817
TI  - [Studies on the intra-aortic injection of hypertonic glucose solution into the
      aortic arch in acute diseases of childhood. I. Studies on the intra-aortic
      injection of hypertonic glucose solution into the aortic arch in Ekiri (toxic
      dysentery) of childhood].

PMID- 13683818
TI  - [Studies on the intra-aortic injection of hypertonic glucose solution into the
      aortic arch in acute diseases of childhood. II. Experimental study].

PMID- 13683819
TI  - [On the evaluation of pathological changes in experimental tuberculosis in mice].

PMID- 13683820
TI  - Studies on the strength-duration curves of M wave and H wave with special
      reference to the mechanism of the crossing of the curves.

PMID- 13683821
TI  - [Effects of ACTH, catalin and autonomic poisons on pigmentary degeneration of the
      retina and chromatophorotropic hormone].

PMID- 13683822
TI  - [Experimental studies on the antigenicity of Turbo cornutus protein. I. On the
      antigenicity in erythron allergy].

PMID- 13683823
TI  - [Experimental studies on the antigenicity of Turbo cornutus protein. II. On the
      antigenicity in liver allergy].

PMID- 13683824
TI  - [Studies on the frozen stored cornea. III. Electron microscopic observation on
      the cornea. I. On the changes of the corneal epithelial cells after frozen
      storage].

PMID- 13683825
TI  - [Studies on the administration of thyroid gland powder to successive generations
      of Wistar rats of both sexes (offspring of types F 1-F 5)].

PMID- 13683826
TI  - [Effects of cryotherapy on bone tissue structure].

PMID- 13683827
TI  - [Conservative dissections in surgery of calculi of the kidney pelvis and
      ureters].

PMID- 13683828
TI  - Pelvic pneumography.

PMID- 13683829
TI  - [Parasitism by Protozoa and fungi in the pathogenesis of genital diseases].

PMID- 13683830
TI  - [On a method for short-focus roentgenotherapy of cavernous hemangiomas in
      children].

PMID- 13683831
TI  - [On morbid tumors of the skin].

PMID- 13683832
TI  - [A simple apparatus for determination of linear enlargement in microphotography
      and measurement of objects in histological sections].

PMID- 13683833
TI  - [On aneurysms of the cerebral arteries].

PMID- 13683834
TI  - [On so-called neuroma of tactile endings].

PMID- 13683835
TI  - [Comparative clinical studies on the reaction of the stomach, liver and
      gallbladder to coffee].

PMID- 13683836
TI  - [Effects of mesencephalic lesions on sham rage behavior in the acute thalamic
      cat].

PMID- 13683837
TI  - [Effects of stimulation of the bulbo-pontile tegmentum in the acute thalamic
      cat].

PMID- 13683838
TI  - Specificity and biasing of arousal reaction habituation.

PMID- 13683839
TI  - [On anti-allergic properties of mushrooms Agaricus hortensis (Cooke) Pilat].

PMID- 13683840
TI  - Synthetic auxins in the chemotherapy of transplanted and spontaneous mouse
      adenocarcinoma.

PMID- 13683841
TI  - Human congenital anomalies. Present status of knowledge.

PMID- 13683842
TI  - [On a case of anaphylactic shock following the administration of a penicillin
      troche].

PMID- 13683843
TI  - Chlorophyll lethal in natural populations of the orchard grass (Dactylis
      glomerata L.). A case of balanced polymorphism in plants.

PMID- 13683844
TI  - [Cell inclusions in Besnier-Boeck-Schaumann disease].

PMID- 13683845
TI  - Foetal haemorrhage into the maternal circulation.

PMID- 13683846
TI  - Heart failure in infants.

PMID- 13683847
TI  - Primary myocardial disease in infancy: clinical aspects.

PMID- 13683848
TI  - Cows milk allergy in children.

PMID- 13683849
TI  - Renal clearance of pituitary gonadotropins in postmenopausal women.

PMID- 13683850
TI  - Absorption and excretion of parenterally administered human pituitary
      gonadotropin.

PMID- 13683851
TI  - The effect of oral administration of norethisterone in oligospermic males.

PMID- 13683853
TI  - [Nephrotic syndrome in combination with bronchial asthma as a manifestation of
      bacterial allergy].

PMID- 13683854
TI  - [Data on the phagocytic reaction of the blood in colienteritis in infants].

PMID- 13683852
TI  - [Experimental principles and clinical significance of research in the area of
      human hypophysial gonadotropins].

PMID- 13683855
TI  - [Clinical-laboratory characteristics of coli enteritis from data of the
      Children's Clinical Hospital in Stavropol].

PMID- 13683856
TI  - Death of an infant in hyperthermia after vaccination.
AB  - Death following hyperpyrexia and coma of rapid onset nine days after vaccination
      of an infant is reported. Death appeared to be due to overwhelming vaccinial
      infection without encephalitis. Large amounts of virus was present in lung,
      spleen, bone marrow, and the vaccination site.

PMID- 13683857
TI  - [Considerations on bacterial allergic rhinitis and sinusitus].

PMID- 13683858
TI  - [Cochlear barotruma. Clinical data].

PMID- 13683859
TI  - [A complex case of retraining: aphasia in a laryngectomized patient].

PMID- 13683860
TI  - [Clinical and radiological evolution of a cylindroma of the sphenoidal sinus
      treated with cobalt therapy].

PMID- 13683861
TI  - [Cochlear barotrauma. Experimental data].

PMID- 13683862
TI  - [Surgery of the aged in O.R.L].

PMID- 13683863
TI  - [Pseudosarcomatous aspect of a tibiofibular metastasis of a scirrhous cancer of
      the breast].

PMID- 13683864
TI  - Punishment in the squirrel monkey Saimiri sciurea.
AB  - Punishment has been found not only to suppress the rate of a foodmaintained
      operant response in the squirrel monkey under conditions of high deprivation but
      to inhibit the emission of that response for 50 days (400 hours) after the
      punishment has been withdrawn.

PMID- 13683865
TI  - Some schedules involving aversive control.

PMID- 13683866
TI  - Mental illness.

PMID- 13683867
TI  - Training in psychotherapy: the use of marriage counseling in a university
      teaching clinic.

PMID- 13683868
TI  - Basic psychotherapy.

PMID- 13683869
TI  - New frontiers for mental health.

PMID- 13683870
TI  - [The infant's brain. Berlin symposium on the clinical and radiological
      development of the infantile brain].

PMID- 13683871
TI  - Followup study on patients with Hodgkin's disease seen at the University of
      Wisconsin between 1948 and 1954.

PMID- 13683872
TI  - Survey of allergy in a pediatric population.

PMID- 13683873
TI  - Current views on the diagnosis and treatment of the more common forms of
      bacterial meningitis.

PMID- 13683874
TI  - Hepatitis associated with disseminated lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 13683875
TI  - The end of the test as a determinant of responses.

PMID- 13683876
TI  - Localization of focal potentials evoked in the red nucleus and the ventrolateral
      nucleus of the thalamus by electrical stimulation of the cerebellar nuclei.

PMID- 13683877
TI  - [Myoma and pregnancy].

PMID- 13683878
TI  - Corrosive burns of the oesophagus and their treatment.

PMID- 13683879
TI  - [Silicosis and tuberculosis].

PMID- 13683880
TI  - Kimmelstiel-Wilson syndrome.

PMID- 13683881
TI  - [Obstruction of the central artery of the retina by a metallic foreign body].

PMID- 13683882
TI  - [Lipemia retinalis in diabetics].

PMID- 13683883
TI  - [Pseudochalazion caused by molluscum contagiosum].

PMID- 13683884
TI  - [Scleromalacia associated with collagen diseases].

PMID- 13683885
TI  - [Retinal lipemia in diabetics].

PMID- 13683886
TI  - [Dyscrasic uveitis].

PMID- 13683887
TI  - [Ocular manifestations associated with deforming rheumatism].

PMID- 13683888
TI  - [Plastic repair of injuries of the fingers].

PMID- 13683889
TI  - [Plastic repair of large mutilations caused by cancer of the face].

PMID- 13683890
TI  - [Plastic repair of traumatisms of the digits of the hand].

PMID- 13683891
TI  - [Therapeutic and anesthesiologic procedure in a patient with Luciani-Wenckebach
      atrio-ventricular block subjected to laparotomy].

PMID- 13683892
TI  - [Observations on the use of a new respiratory analeptic (Rec. 7-0267) in
      resuscitation of the asphyxic newborn infant].

PMID- 13683893
TI  - [R 1625 in the treatment of postoperative vomiting].

PMID- 13683894
TI  - Effect of massive dosage of a new corticosteroid (triamcinolone) on the hard and
      soft tissues of the oral cavity in the normal rat.

PMID- 13683895
TI  - Effect of massive dosage of a new corticosteroid, triamcinolone acetonide, on the
      hard and soft tissues of the oral cavity in the normal monkey.

PMID- 13683897
TI  - Pseudo-duplication of testis.

PMID- 13683896
TI  - Duodenal polyps.

PMID- 13683898
TI  - Some cases of gout in reptiles.

PMID- 13683899
TI  - A psychological contribution to the study of an hospital social structure.

PMID- 13683900
TI  - Selective job placements for patients.

PMID- 13683901
TI  - Per capita cost data-comparative question mark?

PMID- 13683902
TI  - "Invisible injury" of bush beans by atmospheric and aqueous fluorides.

PMID- 13683903
TI  - Preventive medicine in the American Revolutionary Army. II.

PMID- 13683904
TI  - Remedial medicine in the American Revolutionary Army.

PMID- 13683905
TI  - The American Revolutionary War Hospital Department.

PMID- 13683906
TI  - The need for further study in the medical history of the American Revolutionary
      Army.

PMID- 13683907
TI  - Comparison of tellurite resistance and tetracycline resistance among the
      enterococci.
AB  - A correlation was found to exist between tellurite and tetracycline resistance in
      the enterococci.

PMID- 13683908
TI  - Measurement of arterial flow in the lower extremities with radioisotopes.

PMID- 13683909
TI  - Clinical evaluation and observation of 14-hydroxydihydromorphinone (Numorphan).

PMID- 13683910
TI  - An immunizing antigen from rabbit-pox and vaccinia viruses.

PMID- 13683911
TI  - [On the age distribution of patients with melanosarcoma of the uvea].

PMID- 13683912
TI  - [Hematomas of the spleen. Their diagnosis by barium enema before their secondary
      rupture].

PMID- 13683913
TI  - [On a case of horn-like condyloma acuminatum].

PMID- 13683914
TI  - [Report of the activities of the Centro Sperimentale di Assistenza Integrale
      Antitubercolare di Napoli from September, 1950, to June 30, 1959].

PMID- 13683915
TI  - Neurochemical correlates of behavior II. Correlation of brain monoamine oxidase
      activity with behavioural changes after iproniazid and 5-hydroxytryptophan
      administration.

PMID- 13683916
TI  - Neurochemical correlates of behavior. I. Quantitative measurement of the
      behavioral effects of the serotonin precursor, 5-hydroxytryptophan.

PMID- 13683917
TI  - Inhibition of tyrosinase and uricase activity by ultraviolet radiation.

PMID- 13683918
TI  - Relationship between viscosity and copper content of ultraviolet-irradiated
      serum.

PMID- 13683919
TI  - Catgut allergy in eye muscle surgery. II. Correlation and comparison of eye
      reaction and skin test after the use of plain and chromicized catgut.

PMID- 13683920
TI  - Complications of phenothiazine tranquilizers: ocular side effects.

PMID- 13683921
TI  - Chronic otitis media and tetanus.

PMID- 13683922
TI  - Foreign bodies as operative errors.

PMID- 13683923
TI  - Temperature studies implicating calcium in regulation of muscle membrane
      potential.

PMID- 13683924
TI  - Distribution of contractile forces in the iris of cats and dogs.

PMID- 13683925
TI  - Some membrane properties of non-pigmented ciliary epithelium of poikylothermic
      vertebrates.

PMID- 13683926
TI  - Thermodynamics of the intraocular and extraocular muscles.

PMID- 13683927
TI  - Pulmonary diffusing capacity: a comparison of breath-holding and steady state
      methods using carbon monoxide.

PMID- 13683928
TI  - [The acoustic picture of uncomplicated aortic coarctation. Its relations to some
      anatomical situations].

PMID- 13683929
TI  - [The esophageal phonocardiogram in interatrial communication].

PMID- 13683930
TI  - [Basic concepts on alkaline reserve and pH].

PMID- 13683931
TI  - [Frambesia in Brazil].

PMID- 13683932
TI  - Role of irradiation management of intraoral carcinoma.

PMID- 13683933
TI  - [Clinical aspects and operative treatment of burns].

PMID- 13683934
TI  - [Modern free dermatoplasty and its place in the treatment of patients with
      surgical diseases].

PMID- 13683935
TI  - [Modern therapy of burns].

PMID- 13683936
TI  - [Clinical-electrocardiographic observations in bilateral ligation of the internal
      mammary artery in patients with chronic coronary insufficiency].

PMID- 13683937
TI  - [Nosological unity of senile dementia and Alzheimer's disease according to a
      statistical and anatomoclinical study].

PMID- 13683938
TI  - [The treatment of depressive syndromes by imipramine (Tofranil)].

PMID- 13683939
TI  - [Study of 32 cases of osteomyelitis in the newborn].

PMID- 13683940
TI  - [Study of 41 cases of ablation of Meckel's diverticulum].

PMID- 13683941
TI  - [Hemodynamics of the senile cerebral circulation].

PMID- 13683942
TI  - [Anatomo-clinical considerations on a case of tonsillar lymphosarcoma in
      childhood].

PMID- 13683943
TI  - [The performance of the pediatric hospital].

PMID- 13683944
TI  - Cryptococcus neoformans infection of the brain: laboratory studies.

PMID- 13683945
TI  - [Contribution to the knowledge of poisoning by parathion].

PMID- 13683946
TI  - [Fatal acute adrenal insufficiency caused by bilateral apoplexy of the adrenal
      glands (Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome) following anti-poliomyelitis
      vaccination].

PMID- 13683947
TI  - [On the pathogenesis of carbon monoxide poisoning].

PMID- 13683948
TI  - Studies on monoamine oxidase. 2: p-Methylphenyl hydrazine, a potent and selective
      monoamine oxidase inhibitor.

PMID- 13683949
TI  - [Effects of some guanidino-derivatives on the isolated ileum, blood pressure and
      cortical evoked potentials of mammals].

PMID- 13683950
TI  - [Experimental study on offspring of Wistar strain rats treated with antithyroid
      medication (methiocil) for successive generations].

PMID- 13683951
TI  - [Knock-knee in poliomyelitis].

PMID- 13683952
TI  - [2 cases of carcinoma of the pituitary body manifestated by tumefaction of the
      nasopharyngeal passage].

PMID- 13683953
TI  - An unusual radium mold.

PMID- 13683954
TI  - Experimental studies on equine infectious anemia (EIA). 3. Further outcomes in
      fixation of virus to mouse-brain and developing hen's egg.

PMID- 13683955
TI  - Experimental studies on equine infectious anemia (EIA). IV. Alteration of blood
      in mouse inoculated with the mouse-fixed equine infectious anemia virus and re
      transmission test of the virus to a pony.

PMID- 13683956
TI  - Experimental breeding of mice with chlorella-added combined feed and their
      resisting power against dysentery bacilli.

PMID- 13683958
TI  - [The limitation of dichromatism, extreme anomalous trichromatism and anomalous
      trichromatism].

PMID- 13683957
TI  - [Studies on pollinosis. II. Sensitization with pollens].

PMID- 13683959
TI  - [Studies on reflective elements of the human eye by ultrasonic waves. I. Accuracy
      of the measurement of ocular axial length by ultrasonic echography].

PMID- 13683960
TI  - Correlation of the inhibitory post-synaptic potential of motoneurones with the
      latency and time course of inhibition of monosynaptic reflexes.

PMID- 13683961
TI  - Anionic permeability of the inhibitory postsynaptic membrane of motoneurones.

PMID- 13683962
TI  - Potential changes produced by application of current steps in motoneurones.

PMID- 13683963
TI  - Effects of electrotonus on the electrical activities of spinal motoneurons of the
      toad.

PMID- 13683964
TI  - Pulmonary blood volume in experimental unilateral pulmonary-artery occlusion.

PMID- 13683965
TI  - [Plasma hemoglobins in various hemolytic syndromes].

PMID- 13683966
TI  - [Streets of Puerto Rico bearing names of physicians].

PMID- 13683967
TI  - [History of medical journalism up to 1903].

PMID- 13683968
TI  - [Photographs of physicians].

PMID- 13683969
TI  - [Public schools of Puerto Rico bearing names of physicians].

PMID- 13683970
TI  - [The apothecaries in the discovery and conquest of America].

PMID- 13683971
TI  - [Tuberculin and mass x-ray investigations in the schools of Catania].

PMID- 13683972
TI  - [Treatment of uterine fibroma].

PMID- 13683973
TI  - [Recent epidemiology studies on endemic nephropathies in People's Republic of
      Bosnia and Hercegovina].

PMID- 13683974
TI  - [Acute, hemorrhagic and systemic demyelinizing leukoencephalitis].

PMID- 13683975
TI  - [Electrolytes in neurology].

PMID- 13683976
TI  - Primary pulmonary histiocytosis X.

PMID- 13683978
TI  - [Calcium metabolism in the organism].

PMID- 13683977
TI  - [4 autopsy cases of systemic lupus erythematosus, especially on lupus nephritis].

PMID- 13683979
TI  - [Calciuria in kidney diseases].

PMID- 13683980
TI  - [The heart in myxedema].

PMID- 13683981
TI  - [Treatment of trichocephaliasis].

PMID- 13683982
TI  - [Historical review of Brazilian pharmacy].

PMID- 13683983
TI  - [Why castor oil?].

PMID- 13683985
TI  - [The prevention of leprosy in Brazil. II. Result of 30 years of leprosy
      prevention in Brazil].

PMID- 13683984
TI  - [The city as a psychological problem. (Considerations on mental hygiene)].

PMID- 13683987
TI  - [Hemolytic disease of the newborn].

PMID- 13683986
TI  - [Observations on total hemoglobin, fetal hemoglobin and blood iron levels in the
      newborn].

PMID- 13683988
TI  - [Neonatal anoxia].

PMID- 13683989
TI  - [Post-maturity].

PMID- 13683990
TI  - [FROMM: a critical review of his work].

PMID- 13683991
TI  - [Problems in clinical classification and terminology of medical mycology].

PMID- 13683992
TI  - Preferential inhibition of phosphorylation in different parts of the respiratory
      chain in mitochondria obtained from animals injected with cobra venom.

PMID- 13683994
TI  - [Acute abacterial meningoencephalitis in children].

PMID- 13683993
TI  - Studies on phospholipid structures in mitochondria of animals injected with cobra
      venom or phospholipase A.

PMID- 13683995
TI  - Cesarean section in breech presentation.

PMID- 13683996
TI  - Hydatidiform mole, chorioadenoma destruens.

PMID- 13683997
TI  - The pseudo-Meigs syndrome. Report of a case.

PMID- 13683999
TI  - Microbiology.

PMID- 13683998
TI  - Infectious hepatitis.

PMID- 13684001
TI  - [On the physically handicapped child].

PMID- 13684000
TI  - Allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma--treatment with parenteral
      methylprednisolone acetate.

PMID- 13684002
TI  - [Perinatal mortality in our demography].

PMID- 13684003
TI  - New drugs in the treatment of allergies.

PMID- 13684004
TI  - Immunolegic studies of repository ragweed pollen therapy.

PMID- 13684005
TI  - [Studies on the pathway of synthesis of tetracyclines].

PMID- 13684006
TI  - [Distribution of sulfur mercamine in the organs and tissues of irradiated and non
      irradiated animals].

PMID- 13684007
TI  - [Effect of ionizing radiations and of certain chemical protective agents on
      physical endurance in animals].

PMID- 13684008
TI  - [On the problem of therapy of acute leukemia in children].

PMID- 13684009
TI  - [On the characteristics of a Salmonella reservoir among human subjects].

PMID- 13684010
TI  - Retropublic excision of a urethral diverticulum in a female patient: a new
      operative procedure.

PMID- 13684011
TI  - [An unusual pediatric case of alcaptonuric ochronosis associated with polycystic
      kidney].

PMID- 13684012
TI  - [Osseous changes of dystrophic rheumatism].

PMID- 13684013
TI  - [Perception of touch and pain in the various phases of the menstrual cycle].

PMID- 13684014
TI  - [Clinical observations on the phenomena following the stimulation of muscle and
      tendon zones with trigger point characteristics].

PMID- 13684015
TI  - [Experimental research on the factors determining the presence and activity of
      myalgic areas with trigger point characteristics].

PMID- 13684016
TI  - [Erythralgic reactivity of the skin in various phase of the menstrual cycle].

PMID- 13684018
TI  - Bleeding esophageal varices in children.

PMID- 13684017
TI  - [Pathogenetic aspects of inter- and para-menstrual headaches].

PMID- 13684019
TI  - Breast masses: accuracy of clinical diagnosis.

PMID- 13684020
TI  - Breast masses: accuracy of clinical diagnosis.

PMID- 13684021
TI  - [Exophthalmos. Diagnosis, etiology and pathogenesis].

PMID- 13684022
TI  - [Clinical case presented on the occasion of the opening of the Hospital de
      Nuestra Senora de la Luz: a case of post-anesthetic tapeto-retinal degeneration].

PMID- 13684023
TI  - [Macular photo-injuries consecutive to observation of a solar eclipse].

PMID- 13684024
TI  - [Treatment of angina in children in a district method of medical service].

PMID- 13684025
TI  - The future of pharmacy.

PMID- 13684026
TI  - Bone marrow cellularity and Na and K levels in fasting and inanition after bile
      duct ligation.

PMID- 13684027
TI  - A new colorimetric method for the determination of chloral hydrate.

PMID- 13684028
TI  - Serial-trigram learning as a function of differential meaningfulness and sex of
      subjects and experimenters.

PMID- 13684029
TI  - Supplementary report: familiarity or low validity?

PMID- 13684030
TI  - Phagocytosis by eosinophils following antigen-antibody reactions in vitro.

PMID- 13684031
TI  - Release of 5-hydroxytryptamine from rat mast cells in vitro.

PMID- 13684032
TI  - Release of heparin from the mast cells of the rat.

PMID- 13684033
TI  - A perfect combination of a general practitioner and specialist (P.G. GAMBLE).

PMID- 13684034
TI  - Respiratory insufficiency and carbon dioxide narcosis.

PMID- 13684035
TI  - Studies with eosinophil leucocytes isolated from the blood of the horse.

PMID- 13684036
TI  - A note on the use of daraprim as a malaria prophylactic in Nigerian troops and
      their families.

PMID- 13684037
TI  - [The ECHO viruses and their relations to the other enteroviruses].

PMID- 13684038
TI  - Structure of an enteric simian virus.

PMID- 13684039
TI  - [Study by electron microscope of the development and of the structure of a monkey
      enteric virus].

PMID- 13684040
TI  - [New concepts concerning viruses].

PMID- 13684041
TI  - Teichoic acids and the structure of bacterial walls.

PMID- 13684042
TI  - [Dehydrase activity of the nasal mucosa. Histochemical observations].

PMID- 13684043
TI  - [Reproduction of mixed salivary tumors in thyroid site].

PMID- 13684044
TI  - [Succinic dehydrogenase activity of the palatine tonsil].

PMID- 13684045
TI  - [Puerperal mastitis in the Obstetrical-Gynecological Department of the Ospedale
      Civile di Foligno. Clinico-statistical evaluation of material of the past decade,
      1950-1959].

PMID- 13684047
TI  - [Effect of pulmonary tuberculosis on gestation].

PMID- 13684046
TI  - [Contribution to the problem of the syndrome of primary hypertension of the
      pulmonary circulation].

PMID- 13684048
TI  - An angiocardiographic sign of aortic regurgitation. Its utilization for the
      measurement of regurgitant flow.

PMID- 13684049
TI  - Congenital aplasia or marked hypoplasia of the myocardium of the right ventricle
      (Uhl's anomaly). Clinical, angiocardiographic, and hemodynamic findings.

PMID- 13684050
TI  - Congenital dextrocardia. Clinical, angiocardiographic, and autopsy studies on 50
      patients.

PMID- 13684051
TI  - Congenital dextrocardia. Clinical, angiocardiographic, and autopsy studies on 50
      patients.

PMID- 13684052
TI  - [The pressure curve in the right ventricle in pulmonary stenosis without
      ventricular septal defect].

PMID- 13684053
TI  - Histiocytosis X.

PMID- 13684055
TI  - Induction of microsomal enzyme synthesis by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of
      different molecular sizes.

PMID- 13684057
TI  - Ratio dependent synergism in azo-dye carcinogenesis.

PMID- 13684058
TI  - Alteration of microsomal and mitochondrial sites of metabolic control during
      chemical carcinogenesis.

PMID- 13684056
TI  - Fine structural alterations in cell particles during chemical carcinogenesis.
      III. Selective action of hepatic carcinogens other than 3'-methyl-4
      dimethylaminoazobenzene on different types of mitochondrial swelling. Effect of
      stimulated liver growth.
AB  - The previous studies on the correlation between tumor incidence and changes in
      microsomal and mitochondrial swelling during feeding of 3'-methyl-4
      dimethylaminoazobenzene to rats have been extended to other hepatic carcinogens.
      Administration of 4'-fluoro-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene, 4'-ethyl-2-methyl-4
      dimethylaminoazobenzene, 2-acetylam-inofluorene, ethionine, and tannic acid were
      found to produce drastic alterations of the swelling of rat liver mitochondria.
      In contrast to these compounds, feeding of the non-carcinogenic azobenzene and 4
      diethylaminoazobenzene produced only small changes in swelling. Significant
      modification in the over-all pattern of the swelling curve was observed when the
      usual concentration of 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene was reduced, but not
      when the riboflavin level in the diet was increased tenfold. Feeding of high
      levels of this dye to the guinea pig did not affect mitochondrial swelling which
      is consistent with the resistance of this species to azo-dye carcinogenesis.
      Hypophysectomy provides protection against the alterations, produced by feeding
      3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene, in the characteristics of thyroxine- or
      mercuric chloride-induced mitochondrial swelling. Studies with citric cycle
      substrates on mitochondrial swelling suggest block of the glutamate right harpoon
      over left harpoon alpha-keto-glutarate pathway after feeding 3'-methyl-4
      dimethylaminoazobenzene for 4 weeks. There is a considerable, but reversible,
      reduction of certain types of mitochondrial swelling in two situations associated
      with rapid liver growth: after partial hepatectomy and after intraperitoneal
      injection of 20-methylcholanthrene. Naphthacene, however, which also stimulates
      rapid liver growth, does not affect mitochondrial swelling.

PMID- 13684059
TI  - [Exploration of the caval system in portal hypertension].

PMID- 13684060
TI  - Portal hypertension of splenic origin.

PMID- 13684061
TI  - [Osteoarticular tuberculosis in geriatrics].

PMID- 13684063
TI  - [Lumbosacral pain in relation to the soft parts].

PMID- 13684062
TI  - [Clinical observations on the action of diisopropylammonium dichloroacetate in
      coronary diseases].

PMID- 13684064
TI  - [Determination of the non-heme iron of the erythrocytes].

PMID- 13684065
TI  - [Histological aspects of renal autografts in to the peritoneum in the rat].

PMID- 13684066
TI  - [Renal complications of malignant hemopathies].

PMID- 13684067
TI  - [The repair of neurectomies].

PMID- 13684068
TI  - [Role of alpha-rays in the activity of radioactive bandages on the skin].

PMID- 13684069
TI  - [On specificity of the receptors of various peripheral zones of the interoceptive
      analysor].

PMID- 13684070
TI  - Investigations on the resistance of Anopheles to residual insecticides.

PMID- 13684071
TI  - [Polarography in food chemistry. IV. Polarographic determination of free
      formaldehyde in necessary artificial items].

PMID- 13684072
TI  - Difficult children.

PMID- 13684073
TI  - Unilateral renal disease with hypertension: medical aspects.

PMID- 13684074
TI  - [Tables on medical electronics].

PMID- 13684075
TI  - [Respective behavior of the musculocutaneous and upper mesenteric vascular
      regions: pharmacodynamic actions].

PMID- 13684076
TI  - Experimental assessment of technique for measurement of valvular regurgitation by
      constant infusion of indicator.

PMID- 13684077
TI  - [Considerations on epileptic manifestations of alcoholics].

PMID- 13684078
TI  - [Apropos of paramyloidosis in Portugal].

PMID- 13684079
TI  - [Paramyloidosis in Portugal].

PMID- 13684080
TI  - [Apropos of lymph node metastases of thyroid cancer].

PMID- 13684082
TI  - [Action on renal function of an electropositive colloid (salmine sulfate)].

PMID- 13684081
TI  - [Increase in urination as a result of lysozyme].

PMID- 13684083
TI  - [Inhibition of endogenous pyrogen by an electropositive protein (lysozyme)].

PMID- 13684084
TI  - [Reduction of the febrile reaction to exogenous pyrogens as a result of
      electropositive protein colloids].

PMID- 13684085
TI  - [Reduction, as a result of electropositive protein colloids, of the pyrogenic
      power of the fluid in the peritoneal cavity of the rabbit after the infusion of
      physiological solutions].

PMID- 13684086
TI  - [Bourneville's tuberous sclerosis with unusual ocular manifestations: papillary
      edema and band-shaped keratitis].

PMID- 13684087
TI  - [Treatment of trophic disorders of the cornea].

PMID- 13684088
TI  - [Histoenzymological disorders at the level of otosclerotic foci during evolutive
      otosclerosis].

PMID- 13684089
TI  - The radiography of the lower lateral food channels.

PMID- 13684090
TI  - Cineradiography.

PMID- 13684091
TI  - [Research on anti-tissue antibodies. I. Demonstration of their specificity by
      photometric measurement of the antibody-antigen precipitation reaction].

PMID- 13684092
TI  - [On the denaturation of plasma proteins by formaldehyde and heat. II.
      Immunological study].

PMID- 13684093
TI  - [Photomdetermination of antitissue antibodies].

PMID- 13684094
TI  - [Rapid microdetermination of plasma fibrinogen].

PMID- 13684095
TI  - [Research on antitissular antibodies. III. Demonstration of interactions between
      tissular antigens and various protein fractions of the blood serum].

PMID- 13684096
TI  - [Localization and mechanism of the Chang effect].

PMID- 13684097
TI  - [Activity of the optic nerve and lateral geniculate nucleus in darkness and
      during continuous illumination].

PMID- 13684098
TI  - Bladder pouch for tubeless cystostomy.

PMID- 13684099
TI  - Conservative surgery for ureteral polyps.

PMID- 13684100
TI  - [On the effect of cooling on the function of respiration in cold-blooded
      vertebrates].

PMID- 13684101
TI  - [On the utilization of supplementary external packaging for the transportation of
      radioactive preparations].

PMID- 13684102
TI  - [On protection from inhibitory radiations of radioactive isotopes].

PMID- 13684103
TI  - [On the problem of the role of Toxoplasma infections in embryonic pathology.
      (Toxoplasmosis anencephalia and other forms of congenital toxoplasmosis)].

PMID- 13684104
TI  - [Our experience in intrathoracic benign tumors].

PMID- 13684105
TI  - The prognosis in cases in which legal abortion has been granted but not carried
      out.

PMID- 13684106
TI  - [Activities of the Sezione Pediatrica of the Centro di Padova per le Malattie
      Rheumatiche e Cardiovascolari during the 4-year period 1956-59].

PMID- 13684107
TI  - Lead poisoning. 2.

PMID- 13684108
TI  - Lead poisoning. III.

PMID- 13684109
TI  - Report from the Duke University Poison Control Center. Barbiturate.

PMID- 13684110
TI  - Report from the Duke University Poison Control Center.

PMID- 13684111
TI  - Report from the Duke University Poison Control Center.

PMID- 13684112
TI  - Report from the Duke University Poison Control Center.

PMID- 13684113
TI  - Report from the Duke University Poison Control Center.

PMID- 13684114
TI  - Report from the Duke University Poison Control Center. Phosphate ester.

PMID- 13684115
TI  - Salicylate.

PMID- 13684116
TI  - The DAVISON saga.

PMID- 13684117
TI  - Hemodynamic effects of varicose veins and results of radical surgery.

PMID- 13684118
TI  - [Geriatric surgery in the gynecological clinic of the Hospital Ramos Mejia of
      Buenos Aires].

PMID- 13684119
TI  - [Considerations on the treatment of carcinoma of th endometrium].

PMID- 13684120
TI  - [Clinical significance of metrorrhagia in the menopause].

PMID- 13684121
TI  - [Sarcomas of the uterus: contribution of 5 cases].

PMID- 13684122
TI  - [Inaugural address].

PMID- 13684123
TI  - [Psychosomatic gynecology].

PMID- 13684124
TI  - [Etiopathogenesis of vascular diseases of the brain (selected problems)].

PMID- 13684125
TI  - [Determination and value of certain antithrombins in animals with special
      reference to liver function].

PMID- 13684126
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. J. J. Th. VOS].

PMID- 13684127
TI  - [The localization of the intrinsic factor in the rat stomach].

PMID- 13684128
TI  - [Adrenal hemorrhage].

PMID- 13684129
TI  - Haptoglobin types in a Paraujano Indian population.

PMID- 13684130
TI  - Absence of abnormal haemoglobins in Colombian Tunebo Indians.

PMID- 13684131
TI  - [Pheochromocytoma of the adrenal medulla in neurofibromatosis with
      spongioblastoma].

PMID- 13684132
TI  - [Neuroectodermal tumors of the brain in children].

PMID- 13684133
TI  - [Current problems in the diagnosis and surgical technics in tumors of the brain
      in children].

PMID- 13684134
TI  - [Tasks and perspectives of the development of neurosurgery in children].

PMID- 13684135
TI  - Cineangiography with simple therapy x-ray equipment.

PMID- 13684136
TI  - [Cutaneous findings in the diagnosis of diseases of posture and the motor
      apparatus].

PMID- 13684137
TI  - [Arthropathy in psoriasis or arthropathia psoriatica?].

PMID- 13684138
TI  - [A contribution to the current status of tuberculosis from the viewpoint of
      tuberculosis care].

PMID- 13684139
TI  - [Role of Azotobacter in biological purification of petroleum sewage].

PMID- 13684140
TI  - [On the problem of the clinical aspects, pathogenesis and etiology of regional
      cerebral hypo- and hypertension].

PMID- 13684141
TI  - [Mental changes with the Klinefelter syndrome].

PMID- 13684142
TI  - [On the treatment of depressive states with the iminodibenzyl derivative
      Tofranil].

PMID- 13684143
TI  - [A 10-year activity report of the Universitaets-Frauenklinik Leipzig from 1949
      1958].

PMID- 13684144
TI  - [Determination of basal O2 uptake. Comparison of 4 different methods for routine
      clinical use].

PMID- 13684145
TI  - The content of blood in the inflated and deflated rabbit lung.

PMID- 13684146
TI  - [Free-phase electrophoresis of the extractable soluble proteins of the
      erythrocyte stromata of favism patients during the hemolytic crisis and later].

PMID- 13684147
TI  - [Changes of the final stroke of the electrocardiogram during and after muscular
      work in man: relations between total oxygen consumption and the mentioned
      electrocardiographic changes].

PMID- 13684148
TI  - [Allergy].

PMID- 13684150
TI  - The indirect representation of sexual stimuli by schizophrenic and normal
      subjects.

PMID- 13684149
TI  - [Clinical or surgical management in cholecystopathies].

PMID- 13684151
TI  - The origin and form of the Brenner tumor.

PMID- 13684152
TI  - Asthma in infancy and childhood. Results of allergic management.

PMID- 13684153
TI  - [Electroencephalography in operations on the heart].

PMID- 13684154
TI  - [Social service in the hospital and the necessary liaisons with the families:
      what they expect from the social service in the hospital].

PMID- 13684155
TI  - [Nephropathy in pregnancy. A catamnestic investigation].

PMID- 13684156
TI  - Heated fats and allied compounds as carcinogens: a critical review of
      experimental results.

PMID- 13684157
TI  - [Posterior urethritis as the cause of hematuria].

PMID- 13684158
TI  - [Clinical experimentation with "haloperidol" (R. 1625)].

PMID- 13684159
TI  - [Incidents observed during convulsive therapy preceded by the administration of a
      curare simulant].

PMID- 13684160
TI  - [On a case of myasthenia gravis associated with a thymic tumor and colloidocystic
      goiter. Anatomo-clinical contribution].

PMID- 13684162
TI  - [Value and limitations of graphology. Collective review].

PMID- 13684161
TI  - [Histological and histochemical research on the brain of albino rats fed with
      vitamin A deficient diets].

PMID- 13684163
TI  - [Heptaldehyde (enanthic aldehyde) as test in the diagnosis of superficial
      malignant neoplasms].

PMID- 13684164
TI  - [On the resistance-increasing effects of lipoid A in man].

PMID- 13684165
TI  - [Research on the biological prevention of acute injury by radiations. I.
      Prevention with homogenates of organs and tissues from irradiated animals].

PMID- 13684166
TI  - [Studies and experiments in radiomicrobiology. Assimilation of Fe-59, I-131, P
      32, and S-35 by staphylococcus enterotoxicus].

PMID- 13684167
TI  - Measurements of air radioactivity in Italy and their relation to the first Sahara
      atomic explosion.

PMID- 13684168
TI  - [Considerations and statistics on doses absorbed by personnel making use of
      radioactive sources].

PMID- 13684169
TI  - [Chronic renal insufficiency. Clinical aspects].

PMID- 13684170
TI  - [Metabolic changes during the irradiation of the organism with various doses of
      roentgen rays].

PMID- 13684171
TI  - [Nervous activity changes during the course of eating with special reference to
      the development of a protective nutritional scheme in acute radiation sickness
      based on physiological principles].

PMID- 13684172
TI  - [Recuperation by hormones of the submaxillary gland of the hypophysoprival rat].

PMID- 13684173
TI  - [The submaxillary gland of the male rat under various hormonal treatments].

PMID- 13684174
TI  - [Histology of the retrolingual gland of intact, castrated and hypophysectomized
      rats].

PMID- 13684175
TI  - [Recuperation by hormones of the submaxillary gland of the castrated male rat].

PMID- 13684176
TI  - [The salfvary glands of hypophysectomized dogs].

PMID- 13684177
TI  - [Cancer of the liver and bile ducts].

PMID- 13684178
TI  - [The internal mammary lymph nodes in cancer of the breast; anatomosurgical
      investigation].

PMID- 13684179
TI  - [Plasmatic free corticoids in different groups of normal subjects of the
      Argentine population].

PMID- 13684180
TI  - [The diagnosis of fatigue induced by psychomotor "stress' and hypoxemia].

PMID- 13684181
TI  - [The colorimetric determination of urinary estrogens].

PMID- 13684182
TI  - [Abdominal pregnancy. Study and considerations of 8 cases].

PMID- 13684183
TI  - Comparative study of the carcinogenic activity of nitrosamines.

PMID- 13684185
TI  - Cerebral palsy.

PMID- 13684184
TI  - Sulfur-35 labeled high molecular weight sulfonamides as potential cancer
      diagnostic and therapeutic agents.

PMID- 13684186
TI  - Effect of Ehrlich ascites tumor on mammary glands of mice of low and high mammary
      cancer strains.

PMID- 13684187
TI  - Mechanism of mammary duct stimulation by tumor transplants.

PMID- 13684188
TI  - Influence of gram-negative endotoxin on pathogenesis of nephrotoxic serum
      nephritis in rats.

PMID- 13684190
TI  - [The use of various contemporary methods of anesthesia in traumatology].

PMID- 13684189
TI  - Electron microscopic examination of renal biopsies.

PMID- 13684191
TI  - Ultrasonic surgery for Meniere's disease.

PMID- 13684192
TI  - [Billo-digestive anastomoses and sphincterotomies].

PMID- 13684193
TI  - [Cholangiomanometric interpretation of lesions of the common bile duct: apropos
      of 800 preoperative examinations].

PMID- 13684194
TI  - [The cholecystoses].

PMID- 13684195
TI  - [Reflexions on gastrectomies and the Dragsted operation].

PMID- 13684196
TI  - Diseases of the liver. Function.

PMID- 13684197
TI  - The chemical basis of kernicterus.

PMID- 13684198
TI  - [Familial intestinal polyposis].

PMID- 13684199
TI  - [Formation of biliary calculi in the duodenum].

PMID- 13684200
TI  - [Incidence of cystic fibrosis of the pancreas].

PMID- 13684201
TI  - [Medical specialization at the present time].

PMID- 13684202
TI  - [New viewpoints on the metabolism of fats and its relation to the digestive
      apparatus].

PMID- 13684203
TI  - [Non-tropical sprue and its etiopathogenic problems].

PMID- 13684205
TI  - [The histology of obesity].

PMID- 13684204
TI  - [On gastric ulcer produced by reserpine].

PMID- 13684206
TI  - [The teaching of social medicine].

PMID- 13684207
TI  - [Characteristics, significance and pathogenesis of atypical endometrial changes
      associated with the presence of chorionic tissue].

PMID- 13684208
TI  - [Echos of the first world symposium on staphyloccocias].

PMID- 13684209
TI  - Semantics and common neurologic symptoms.

PMID- 13684210
TI  - Five-year cure of a primary malignant melanoma of the vagina by local radioactive
      isotope therapy.

PMID- 13684211
TI  - Malignant melanoma of the vagina. Report of a successfully treated case.

PMID- 13684212
TI  - Radioactive isotope therapy for ovarian carcinoma. Subsequent pregnancy and intra
      abdominal radioactive isotope therapy during pregnancy.

PMID- 13684213
TI  - Skeletal metastases in cystosarcoma phylloides. A case report and review.

PMID- 13684214
TI  - Receptor reserve and threshold phenomena. I. Theory and experiments with
      autonomic drugs tested on isolated organs.

PMID- 13684215
TI  - Autonomic drugs and their receptors.

PMID- 13684216
TI  - On the treatment of acute leukaemia by massive whole body irradiation combined
      with subsequent bone marrow transfusion. A case report.

PMID- 13684217
TI  - [Considerations on a case of bacterial endocarditis with negative hemoculture,
      treated with chloramphenicol and streptomycin].

PMID- 13684218
TI  - [Influence of digoxin on the changes in guinea pigs caused by the effort of
      swimming].

PMID- 13684219
TI  - A re-examination of the phobic symptom and of symbolism in psychopathology.

PMID- 13684220
TI  - Volition and value: a study based on catatonic schizophrenia.

PMID- 13684221
TI  - [Analgesic anesthesia with nitrous oxide in operations of short duration].

PMID- 13684222
TI  - [A new antibiotic griseofulvin in the treatment of dermatomycoses. (Review of the
      literature and personal observations)].

PMID- 13684223
TI  - Steric aspects of the biosynthesis of terpenes and steroids.

PMID- 13684224
TI  - [Diagnosis and genetic aspects of Wilson's disease in childhood].

PMID- 13684225
TI  - Medical care for the aged.

PMID- 13684226
TI  - [The sweat test in pancreatic cystic fibrosis].

PMID- 13684227
TI  - A comparative study of tuberculin reaction and specific serology in patients with
      pulmonary tuberculosis.

PMID- 13684228
TI  - Comparative studies of specific antiprotein antibodies with erythrocyte
      sedimentation rate.

PMID- 13684229
TI  - [Observations on humoral antibodies and skin hypersensitivity in experimental
      guinea pig tuberculosis during streptomycin administration].

PMID- 13684230
TI  - [Teaching of pediatrics: fundamentals of the teaching].

PMID- 13684231
TI  - [Junius-Kuhnt's disciform degeneration of the macula].

PMID- 13684232
TI  - Tuberculous meningitis: a review of 51 cases in Madras.

PMID- 13684233
TI  - [Characteristics of the adapatation of hearing in subjects working in noisy
      conditions].

PMID- 13684234
TI  - [The physiological bases for determination of norms of industrial noise].

PMID- 13684235
TI  - [Drugs and drug research].

PMID- 13684236
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of various methods for the isolation of staphylococcal
      antiphagin].

PMID- 13684237
TI  - [Effect of medication sleep on immunobiological reactions in rabbits].

PMID- 13684238
TI  - [Effect of non-specific excitation of the skin on immunobiological reactions].

PMID- 13684239
TI  - [On clinical and laboratory indications for the immunotherapy of patients with
      staphylodermas].

PMID- 13684240
TI  - [On the role of the nervous system in immunity].

PMID- 13684241
TI  - [Role of functional conditions of the stomach and liver in the pathogenesis of
      chronic and recurrent staphyloderma].

PMID- 13684242
TI  - [From experience in public health work of the chair of the I. M. Sechenov Order
      of Lenin First Moscow Medical Institute at the Moscow factory "Kauchuk"].

PMID- 13684243
TI  - [Labor anesthesia with promedol associated with propazin].

PMID- 13684244
TI  - [A case of lymphosarcoma in combination with leukemia].

PMID- 13684245
TI  - [On the morphology and pathogenesis of brain tumors in mice produced by 9,10
      dimethyl-1, 2-benzanthracene].

PMID- 13684246
TI  - [The thyroid gland in obstructive jaundice].

PMID- 13684247
TI  - [Growth of transplanted tumor (sarcoma M-1) during the process of hypoxic
      training of rats in the barochamber].

PMID- 13684248
TI  - [Experience from the work of the military midical service of a district for
      fulfillment of the decree of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the
      Soviet Union and the Soviet of Ministers USSR for improvement of medical service
      for the population].

PMID- 13684249
TI  - Deductibility of educational expenses.

PMID- 13684251
TI  - The problem of contributions.

PMID- 13684250
TI  - Medical building "tax trap".

PMID- 13684252
TI  - [On metabolic changes of the lens after glaucoma surgery].

PMID- 13684253
TI  - [Hydrostatic properties of the vitreous body in separation of the retina].

PMID- 13684254
TI  - [Studies on cerebrospinal proteins with the aid of paper filter electrophoresis].

PMID- 13684255
TI  - [Rugby and gonarthrosis].

PMID- 13684256
TI  - [Is not osteitis condensans ilii merely a variety of sacroiliac arthrosis?
      Clinical and histopathological study of a case].

PMID- 13684257
TI  - [An undetected arthrosis: trapezo-scaphoid arthrosis (apropos of 11 cases)].

PMID- 13684258
TI  - [Association of gout and chronic polyarthritis with fistulized necrotic
      tenosynovitis].

PMID- 13684259
TI  - [Study on tibio-tarsal arthroses and on astraglo-calcaneal and astragalo-scaphoid
      arthroses. Etiology-clinical and radiological signs].

PMID- 13684260
TI  - Dose-response relatioship in radiation carcinogenesis.

PMID- 13684262
TI  - [Giant hypertrophic gastritis].

PMID- 13684261
TI  - [On a technic for the intranasal intubation in intratracheal anesthesia].

PMID- 13684263
TI  - Ego psychology and the study of mythology.

PMID- 13684264
TI  - Silence and the theory of technique.

PMID- 13684265
TI  - [On the therapy of benign gastric tumors].

PMID- 13684266
TI  - Accommodation and applanation tonometry.

PMID- 13684267
TI  - [Postoperative morbidity and mortality from cesaren sections at the Maternite de
      Chancerelles].

PMID- 13684268
TI  - [Pericarditis caused by cholesterol (apropos of a case)].

PMID- 13684269
TI  - [The conditions currently necessary for effectively achieving the prophylaxis of
      tuberculosis in children].

PMID- 13684270
TI  - [The value of winter sports in the mountains and the necessity for permitting the
      change of dates of student vacations].

PMID- 13684271
TI  - [Operative risk in cardiac patients].

PMID- 13684272
TI  - [Treatment of urinary incontinence in women].

PMID- 13684273
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of hemorrhagic diatheses].

PMID- 13684274
TI  - Parotid abscess. Report of a case.

PMID- 13684275
TI  - [Etiopathogenic aspects of leukoencephalitis].

PMID- 13684276
TI  - [Psychomotor epilepsy and temporal epilepsy].

PMID- 13684277
TI  - Developments in testing utensil sanitation.

PMID- 13684278
TI  - [Studies on the lactic acid content of the blood serum].

PMID- 13684279
TI  - [Jejuno-gastric invagination after gastric resection].

PMID- 13684280
TI  - [The dyscrasico-edematigenous syndrome after gastric resection].

PMID- 13684281
TI  - Origin of the right pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta. Report of a
      surgically corrected case.

PMID- 13684282
TI  - A group of neurones in the dorsal horn associated with cutaneous
      mechanoreceptors.

PMID- 13684283
TI  - Excitation of receptors in the pad of the cat by single and double mechanical
      pulses.

PMID- 13684285
TI  - Nursing service. Supervisory development. Part 2. Personelmanagement.

PMID- 13684284
TI  - The action of acetylcholine and some related substances on conduction in
      mammalian non-myelinated nerve fibres.

PMID- 13684286
TI  - Acute insulin deficiency provoked by single injections of anti-insulin serum.

PMID- 13684287
TI  - [Lymph node diseases in Iran].

PMID- 13684288
TI  - Summation of retinal potentials.

PMID- 13684290
TI  - 1,3-Dialky1-6-thioxan-thines: a new series of bronchodilators and coronary
      vasodilators.

PMID- 13684289
TI  - Thioxanthines with potent brochodilator and coronary dilator properties.
AB  - Some of the pharmacological properties of two new compounds, choline 6
      thiotheophyllinate and the choline salt of 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-6-thioxanthine
      (M&B 5924), are described. Both these 6-thioxanthines are structurally related to
      theophylline and pharmacologically they are very similar to that compound, the
      main differences in their actions being essentially quantitative. They were more
      potent than choline theophyllinate as bronchodilators on the isolated guinea-pig
      tracheal ring preparation and as coronary dilators on the dog heart-lung
      preparation. Choline 6-thiotheophyllinate was about as effective as its oxygen
      analogue in protecting guinea-pigs against the lethal effects of a
      bronchoconstrictor aerosol; M&B 5924 was more effective in this respect, but the
      relative bronchodilator activity was much less than on the isolated preparation.
      Both thioxanthines were less potent than choline theophyllinate as diuretics. One
      outstanding qualitative difference in their properties was in their effect on the
      voluntary motor activity of mice; choline theophyllinate in low doses was
      stimulant whereas the thioxanthines were either inactive at low doses or sedative
      at higher doses. In dogs, on the other hand, there were indications that M&B 5924
      had a stimulant action.

PMID- 13684291
TI  - Recurrent volvulus of the cecum associated with failure of rotation of the
      intestine in an adult.

PMID- 13684292
TI  - Spontaneous perforation of the right hepatic duct.

PMID- 13684293
TI  - Anabolic hormones in dermatomyositis.

PMID- 13684294
TI  - The humoral regulation of breathing.
AB  - The clasic concept that breathing is regulated only by chemoreceptor mechanisms
      in the arterial blood stream- the respiratory center, the carotid and aortic
      bodies-has been modified in two ways. It has been expanded by postulating another
      chemoreceptor which reacts to the composition of mixed venous blood. It has been
      qualified by questioning the assumption that the respiratory center has
      physiologically significant chemosensitivity. (The respiratory center is
      considered to be, on the contrary, primarily a computing mechanism that
      integrates information received from chemoreceptors responding to both arterial
      and mixed venous blood.) By postulating a chemoreceptor mechanism which reacts to
      the composition of mixed venous blood, a variety of ventilatory responses can be
      accounted for with a unified and semiquantitative concept based on the
      ventilatory response to exercise. For the quantitative description of exercise,
      data obtained from normal men at rest and during exercise have been used to
      develop several equations which describe the ventilatory response to exercise in
      terms of P(co)(2) and H(+) of arterial and mixed venous blood. The simplest of
      these equations, yet a useful one, is the following: V = 1.1 H(+)a + 2.3
      Pv(co)(2) - 135 (5a) which states that the volume of breathing is determined by
      the algebraic summation of influences in arterial and mixed venous blood.
      Ventilatory responses, as measured in several experimental and clinical
      situations characterized by acid-base imbalance and associated hyperpnea, have
      been compared with the ventilation predicted by this equation and by the equation
      which quantifies Gray's multiple-factor theory. Equation 5a estimated the various
      ventilatory responses as closely as the multiple-factor theory equation did.
      Equation 5a was also able to predict ventilation during exercise. It is
      concluded, therefore, that the hyperpnea of muscular exercise may be a generally
      applicable expression of the ventilatory response to alterations of the
      composition of both arterial and mixed venous blood. When applied to the
      ventilatory responses of cross-perfused animals during exercise, the concept
      gives a satisfactory qualitative explanation of the various observations.
      Although there is strong indirect evidence that a chemoreceptor mechanism exists
      which reacts to the composition of mixed venous blood and whose activity can be
      quantified, the equations that have been developed are not definitive expressions
      of the stimuli which regulate breathing. That the equations apply as well as they
      do, in view of the known errors of fact in their development, is probably the
      best evidence yet adduced for the essential validity of the present concept.

PMID- 13684295
TI  - Poliomyelitis: a possible relationship of weather to the gastrointestinal route
      of infection.

PMID- 13684296
TI  - A method of anaesthesia for caesarean section. Evolution of a technique suitable
      for use in a country hospital.

PMID- 13684297
TI  - Spontaneous pneumothorax during steroid therapy of rapidly progressive, far
      advanced pulmonary tuberculosis.

PMID- 13684298
TI  - Spontaneous plasma kinin formation in human plasma collected during labour.

PMID- 13684299
TI  - The heatincrement in fasting sheep of acetic acid partially neutralized with
      sodium hydroxide.

PMID- 13684300
TI  - Plasma free fatty acid turnover during insulin-induced hypoglycemia.

PMID- 13684301
TI  - Regulation of plasma free fatty acid turnover.

PMID- 13684302
TI  - Review of toxicity of oxyphenbutazone, report of a case of thrombocytopenic
      purpura.

PMID- 13684303
TI  - Biosynthesis of valine and isoleucine. IV. alpha-Hydroxy-beta-keto acid
      reductoisomerase of Salmonella.

PMID- 13684304
TI  - Small animal metabolism apparatus.

PMID- 13684305
TI  - Common carotid artery occlusion reflex in unanesthetized dogs.

PMID- 13684306
TI  - The maintenance of a colony of Anopheles gambiae, with observations on the
      effects of changes in temperature.
AB  - The authors describe the establishment and maintenance of a laboratory colony of
      Anopheles gambiae in Tanganyika, giving an account of the techniques adopted in
      order to overcome the problems encountered, as a guide to those who may be faced
      with similar difficulties. They also report on a series of observations on
      larvae, adults and the effect of temperature on mortality, fertilization, egg
      production and the gonotrophic cycle.The optimum constant temperature for adults
      and larvae was found to be 26.5 degrees C, at which the cycle of development from
      egg to pupa took about 9 days, with a total larval mortality of 5%. A complete
      life-cycle from egg to oviposition took 15 days. The pupal mortality was 1.5% and
      the average daily adult mortality was 1.5% for females and 1.8% for males. Peak
      fertilization was reached in 7 days. The average daily number of eggs produced
      per cage of 400 males and 400 females was 4000, with a total daily colony
      production of 130 000 eggs.

PMID- 13684307
TI  - Observations on the virus of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, and its affinity
      with the Herpesvirus group.

PMID- 13684308
TI  - Significance of cytopathic effects observed during the growth of adenovirus.

PMID- 13684309
TI  - Psychiatric theories of alcoholism.

PMID- 13684310
TI  - The special clinic for alcoholism.

PMID- 13684311
TI  - Pulmonary hyaline membrane disease.

PMID- 13684312
TI  - Further studies on the teichoic acid from Bacillus subtilis walls.

PMID- 13684313
TI  - Structure of the ribitol teichoic acid from the walls of Bacillus subtilis.

PMID- 13684314
TI  - A case of multiple myeloma.

PMID- 13684315
TI  - The causes of secondary hypertension.

PMID- 13684316
TI  - Sexual identification and the first figure drawn.

PMID- 13684317
TI  - The podiatry speaking panel.

PMID- 13684318
TI  - Frank COHEN (1879-1960).

PMID- 13684320
TI  - The Jardin du Roi: seedbed of science.

PMID- 13684319
TI  - Secondary reinforcement strength as a function of schedule of primary
      reinforcement.

PMID- 13684321
TI  - [Study of 8 cases of isolated precocious sexual pilosity or "premature
      pubarche"].

PMID- 13684322
TI  - Acute appendicitis in the elderly patient with reports of 10 cases.

PMID- 13684323
TI  - Hyperplastic tuberculosis of the duodeno-jejunal flexure.

PMID- 13684324
TI  - [Additional cases, with early symptoms, of B12-deficiency without anemial].

PMID- 13684325
TI  - A case presentation and discussion. Primary hyperparathyroidism.

PMID- 13684326
TI  - Primary hyperparathyroidism associated with a cystic lesion in the neck: probable
      parathyroid cyst.

PMID- 13684327
TI  - [Diffuse cerebromeningeal reactions in sunstroke and heat exhaustion].

PMID- 13684328
TI  - [Death and life - vegetative life - artificial survivals. (Note on various
      problems raised by these states and their borderlines)].

PMID- 13684329
TI  - [Post-traumatic paralysis of the brachial plexus. (Exploratory operation:
      avulsion of the brachial plexus with enormous false arachnoidal cyst. 2d
      meningeal plastic operation by posterior route)].

PMID- 13684330
TI  - [Case of sequelae of Pott's disease].

PMID- 13684331
TI  - [On 2 cases of chronic sciatic root pain and unusual traumatic causes].

PMID- 13684332
TI  - [Chronic suppurative diseases of the lung and their surgical therapy in
      children].

PMID- 13684333
TI  - [Epiphyseal necrosis and its sequelae].

PMID- 13684334
TI  - [Studies on the egg membrane of cyprinoids].

PMID- 13684335
TI  - [Forensic remarks on the fitting of hearing aids (ear-fitting piece)].

PMID- 13684336
TI  - [Palliative radiotherapy].

PMID- 13684337
TI  - [A contribution to an insight into homosexuality].

PMID- 13684339
TI  - [2 years of neurology].

PMID- 13684340
TI  - Nephritis. 3. Chronic nephritis.

PMID- 13684338
TI  - The extension of the Shwartzman phenomenon to the mouse and some ecological
      determinants of the single-injection reaction.
AB  - The localized Shwartzman reaction has been demonstrated in a highly inbred mouse
      strain (BSVS). This reaction was produced with marked regularity in these mice by
      administration of relatively small doses of bacterial endotoxin or other
      Shwartzman-active agents. It is considered the equivalent of the phenomenon
      described in the rabbit inasmuch as it has conformed to all the operational and
      histopathological aspects of the classical reaction that have been tested,
      including elicitation by various endotoxins, heterologous preparation and
      provocation, inhibition by anticoagulants, and provocation by antigen-antibody
      complexes. A reaction similar to the above but differing in its manner of
      production was also investigated and has been termed the single-injection
      Shwartzman reaction. This phenomenon was identical with the normal Shwartzman
      reaction in all ways except for the fact that it was elicited with but a single
      intradermal injection of bacterial endotoxin. In investigating the lesion it has
      been demonstrated that inapparent in the gross, but elicitible infection of the
      lungs with a Gram-negative microflora was uniformly associated with single
      injection reactivity. Because of this constant association it has been suggested
      that a causal relationship exists between the infected state and the skin
      reaction, not on the basis of known immunological events but on the basis of the
      Shwartzman mechanism in which the lung flora, demonstrably excited by the
      preparative injection, appears to mediate natural "endogenous" provocation of the
      lesion at the prepared skin sites.

PMID- 13684341
TI  - Case of Adder-bite with thrombosis of the saphenous vein.

PMID- 13684344
TI  - Nephritis. 2. The nephrotic syndrome.

PMID- 13684343
TI  - Corticosteroids and the nephrotic syndrome.

PMID- 13684345
TI  - On concentrated purified dust extract.

PMID- 13684346
TI  - Gynaecomastia factitia.

PMID- 13684347
TI  - Intrasplenic pressure as an index of portal venous pressure.

PMID- 13684348
TI  - Obstruction of the splenic vein. A splenoportographic study of the clinical
      features of "thrombosis of the splenic vein" with notes on its treatment.

PMID- 13684350
TI  - [Our experiences with the treatment of hemangiomas].

PMID- 13684349
TI  - Subcutaneous rupture of the Achilles tendon. A new roentgendiagnostic method.

PMID- 13684351
TI  - [Surgical therapy of decubitus ulcer in paraplegic patients].

PMID- 13684352
TI  - [The early plastic surgery of traumatic wounds involving extensive loss of
      tissue].

PMID- 13684353
TI  - The influence of a water soluble fraction prepared from liver on the life span
      and development of leukemia in AKA mice.

PMID- 13684354
TI  - Evidence that the secretory apparatus in the thymus of mice is not aberrant
      thyroid tissue.

PMID- 13684355
TI  - [Mouse leukemia].

PMID- 13684356
TI  - Long-term follow-up observations in cervical cancer.

PMID- 13684357
TI  - Radiation therapy. The natural history of uterine cancer.

PMID- 13684358
TI  - Cardiac arrest and electroshock therapy.

PMID- 13684359
TI  - A near fatal case of imipramine overdosage.

PMID- 13684360
TI  - Urinary abnormalities from over-use of muscles.

PMID- 13684361
TI  - [Danish care for mental defectives and mental deficiency in children].

PMID- 13684362
TI  - [Shall mongoloid children be kept at home?].

PMID- 13684363
TI  - Perceptual analysis of a symbol of interaction.

PMID- 13684364
TI  - [Urology].

PMID- 13684365
TI  - [Indications and limitations of outpatient physical therapy].

PMID- 13684366
TI  - Nursing personnel needs for the operating room.

PMID- 13684367
TI  - [The early diagnosis of fetal asphyxia].

PMID- 13684368
TI  - Sustained elevated vitamin B12 blood levels in human subjects.

PMID- 13684369
TI  - Plasma in haemophilia.

PMID- 13684370
TI  - [3 cases of chronic pericarditis with cholesterol crystals].

PMID- 13684371
TI  - Integrity and reason in medicine.

PMID- 13684372
TI  - Thymonoic agents.

PMID- 13684374
TI  - Congenital language disability as a study model of evolution in communication.

PMID- 13684375
TI  - Phoniatric contributions to language research.

PMID- 13684373
TI  - Ventricular dysphonia: new interpretation of an old observation.

PMID- 13684376
TI  - Physiology and pathology of the cricothyroid muscle.

PMID- 13684377
TI  - Vocal rehabilitation of paralytic dysphonia. VI. Further studies of intracordal
      injection materials.

PMID- 13684378
TI  - Writing instead of speaking.

PMID- 13684379
TI  - [On the relation between the chemical composition and the cancerotoxic effect in
      a series of phosphamide esters of bis-(beta-chloroethyl)-a mine].

PMID- 13684380
TI  - [On the hydrolytic decomposition of the hexacyclic N-mustard phosphamide ester B
      518 under physiological conditions].

PMID- 13684381
TI  - [An unexplained destructive process in the maxillary bone].

PMID- 13684382
TI  - [On the diagnosis of abscess of the stomach wall].

PMID- 13684384
TI  - [Thoughts on side-to-side anastomoses after intestinal resection].

PMID- 13684383
TI  - [On the problem of cervical intervertebral displacement in adolescence].

PMID- 13684385
TI  - [External use of 8-methoxypsoralen in vitiligo].

PMID- 13684387
TI  - Diuretics in current use.

PMID- 13684386
TI  - Induced primaquine resistance in vivax malaria.

PMID- 13684388
TI  - A clinico-histologic consideration of renal malformations.

PMID- 13684389
TI  - [On the treatment of Sudeck's syndrome].

PMID- 13684390
TI  - [Treatment of Candida vaginitis with nvstatin].

PMID- 13684391
TI  - [Treatment of pathological amenorrhea with gynaecosid].

PMID- 13684392
TI  - Quantitative and histochemical analysis of Cu, Zn, and Fe in spontaneous and
      induced primary tumors of rats.

PMID- 13684393
TI  - [Behavior of the adrenal glands of rats with experimental tumors].

PMID- 13684395
TI  - [Treatment of endogenous depression with amitryptyline].

PMID- 13684394
TI  - The effect of radiation on mammalian nerve.

PMID- 13684396
TI  - [The therapy of melancholia].

PMID- 13684398
TI  - [Advances in the treatment of endogenous psychoses].

PMID- 13684397
TI  - Intensive therapy of the psychoses in a university hospital.

PMID- 13684399
TI  - [On the psychic effects of psychotropic pharmaca].

PMID- 13684400
TI  - [The treatment of edema, with special reference to the use of modern diuretics].

PMID- 13684401
TI  - Surgical management of diseases of the middle and inner ear.

PMID- 13684402
TI  - Wave mechanics and muscular contraction.

PMID- 13684403
TI  - A comparison between the phlebographic picture as seen in dynamic intraosseous
      phlebography and the clinical signs and symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency.

PMID- 13684404
TI  - The function of the venous pump in chronic venous insufficiency. A phlebographic
      study.

PMID- 13684405
TI  - [Chronic venous insufficiency in the lower extremities. Indications and results
      of surgical treatment].

PMID- 13684406
TI  - Regenerable solid adsorbent systems for carbon dioxide control.

PMID- 13684407
TI  - [Ulcer as a complication of the long-term treatment of bronchial asthma with
      corticosteroids].

PMID- 13684408
TI  - Photoproduction of hydrogen, photofixation of nitrogen and a unified concept of
      photosynthesis.

PMID- 13684410
TI  - The role of light in photosynthesis.

PMID- 13684411
TI  - Radioactive hazards and the public health service.

PMID- 13684409
TI  - Photosynthetic phosphorylation and molecular oxygen.

PMID- 13684412
TI  - [Neurinomas of the trigeminal nerve. Clinical and radiological characteristics].

PMID- 13684413
TI  - [Racemose angioma of the spinal cord. Apropos of 3 cases].

PMID- 13684414
TI  - [Crural neuritis of appendicular origin].

PMID- 13684415
TI  - [Bilateral carotid thrombosis. Clinical, arteriographical and anatomical
      comparisons].

PMID- 13684416
TI  - [Ophthalmoplegic form of curable acute polyradiculoneuritis].

PMID- 13684417
TI  - [Royal tumor of late appearance and malignant evolution in a case of hereditary
      cutaneous neurofibromatosis].

PMID- 13684418
TI  - [Respiratory and cardiovascular effects of the inhalation of various gaseous
      mixtures by a vascularly excluded lung, in the chloralosed dog].

PMID- 13684419
TI  - [Report of a hydrobiological mission in West Africa, concerning the destruction
      of the larval breeding-places of Simulium damnosum, vector of onchocercosis].

PMID- 13684420
TI  - [A grave evolutive complication of hemorrhagic rectocolitis: colectasia].

PMID- 13684421
TI  - The scientific method.

PMID- 13684422
TI  - [Carcinoma of the cervix uteri in gynecological practice].

PMID- 13684423
TI  - [Syndrome of carotid sinus hyperreflectivity with stenosis of the internal
      carotid. Shunt. Good result].

PMID- 13684424
TI  - The re-establishment of coronary circulation by means of grafts and anastomoses.
      An experimental report.

PMID- 13684425
TI  - [Complementary experimental records and clinical value of the resection of the
      pre- and sub-aortic plexuses in coronary disease].

PMID- 13684426
TI  - [Documents on the progression of the pulse wave in coronary patients].

PMID- 13684427
TI  - [Experimental data on coronary grafts].

PMID- 13684428
TI  - [Grafts of the coronary vessels. Experimental data].

PMID- 13684429
TI  - [Records on arteriography of the coronary arteries in man (acetylcholine
      method)].

PMID- 13684430
TI  - [The value of lymphography].

PMID- 13684431
TI  - [Follow-up of laryngeal tuberculosis treated with tuberculostatics].

PMID- 13684432
TI  - [Fluctuations in the thyreotropic power and the thyroid activity of the rat.
      Study of various factors capable of intervening in their determinism].

PMID- 13684433
TI  - [Influence of total darkness on the fluctuations of the prehypophysial
      thyreotropic power and the thyroid activity in the rat].

PMID- 13684434
TI  - [New findings on the mechanisms and factors of luteinization in the adult rat].

PMID- 13684435
TI  - [3 simultaneous cancers of the urogenital system].

PMID- 13684436
TI  - [Neurosecretion in the fresh-water tortoise Emys leprosa Schw, after destruction
      of the pineal body region].

PMID- 13684437
TI  - [Neurosecretion in the water turtle, Emys leprosa Schw., after thyroidectomy and
      thyroxin injections].

PMID- 13684438
TI  - [Digestive ulcer and Langerhans tumor (Zollinger and Ellison syndrome)].

PMID- 13684439
TI  - [Retention jaundice as a sequel to the localization of histiomonocytic
      reticulosis on Vater's ampulla].

PMID- 13684440
TI  - [Experimental research on cytosiderosis caused by wine].

PMID- 13684441
TI  - [The latex reaction. Application to the study of 1,150 serums].

PMID- 13684442
TI  - [The treatment of ocular toxoplasmosis].

PMID- 13684443
TI  - [The white pupillary reflection in the child].

PMID- 13684444
TI  - [Stethoscopic and phonocardiographic data peculiar to Ebstein's disease].

PMID- 13684445
TI  - [Hypothalamic control of gonadotropic, thyreotropic and corticotropic secretions
      in the guinea pig].

PMID- 13684446
TI  - [Hypothalamic control of gonadotropin, cortictropin and thyrotropin and
      thyrotropin secretions in the pituitary gland of the female guinea pig].

PMID- 13684447
TI  - Some general aspects concerning stuttering which indicate fields of research.

PMID- 13684449
TI  - Treatment of hay fever with emulsified pollen extracts.

PMID- 13684448
TI  - Hyperuricemia and acute gouty arthritis precipitated by thiazide derivatives.

PMID- 13684450
TI  - Some clinical and experimental studies with viomycin.

PMID- 13684451
TI  - Use of cyclophosphamide in advanced malignancies.

PMID- 13684452
TI  - A method of continuous or intermittent tracheobronchial and pulmonary infusion.

PMID- 13684453
TI  - Reversal of adenine toxicity by pyrimidine mucleosides.

PMID- 13684454
TI  - The effect of growth hormone and ACTH on a transplanted tumor.

PMID- 13684455
TI  - Significance of cancer cells in operative wounds.

PMID- 13684456
TI  - Distant metastases and local recurrence in head and neck cancer.

PMID- 13684457
TI  - Liver functino studies during and after complete extra-hepatic biliary
      obstruction in the dog.

PMID- 13684458
TI  - The effect of 5-fluorouracil on bacterial protein and ribonucleic acid synthesis.

PMID- 13684459
TI  - The inhibition of bacteriophage protein synthesis by 5-fluorouracil.

PMID- 13684460
TI  - Obstruction near hepatic flexure in pancreatitis. A rarely reported sign.

PMID- 13684461
TI  - Peritoneoscopy: its value as a diagnostic aid.

PMID- 13684462
TI  - Effect of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) on impulse control.

PMID- 13684463
TI  - Mental health and the local health department.

PMID- 13684464
TI  - The microfibrillar structure of the cell walls of the filamentous fungus,
      Allomyces.
AB  - Cell walls of the fungus, Allomyces, were isolated by chemical procedures, using
      either potassium permanganate oxidation or glacial acetic acid-hydrogen peroxide
      treatment followed by dilute mineral acid. The structure of the treated walls was
      investigated by means of electron microscopy and electron diffraction analysis
      which showed that rhizoidal walls were especially suitable for observation.
      Chitin microfibrils exist in the extreme tips of rhizoidal walls, and tend to lie
      in a preferred longitudinal orientation. Older rhizoidal wall segments show a
      crossed fibrillar structure under a thin layer of short randomly arranged
      microfibrils. In the possession of systems of crossed fibrils these walls are
      like the cell walls of certain green algae. Walls of branch rhizoidal filaments
      were observed in the early stages of development, in which case the observed
      microfibrillar orientations are such that it is possible to envisage their origin
      from pre-existing fibrils that have passively reoriented. With respect to the
      continued growth of the filaments, however, it is difficult to explain the
      observed microfibrillar arrangements in terms of the "multi-net" theory. Hyphal
      walls usually show two layers, the outer consisting of microfibrils arranged
      randomly, and the inner consisting of well oriented microfibrils running parallel
      with the longitudinal axis of the hypha. The oriented inner layer appears to be
      similar in structure to the secondary wall of the Phycomyces sporangiophore.

PMID- 13684465
TI  - Studies on hyaline membranes.

PMID- 13684466
TI  - Traumatic arteriovenous fistula of the vertebral vessels. Angiographic
      demonstration and a rationale for treatment.

PMID- 13684468
TI  - Infantile amurotic family idiocy. Occurrence, genetic considerations and
      pathophysiology in the non-Jewish infant.

PMID- 13684467
TI  - Studies on enzyme alterations in the infantile sphingolipidoses. Correlation with
      pathologic changes.

PMID- 13684469
TI  - Circumscribed nonspecific ulcerative colitis. A form of segmental colitis.

PMID- 13684470
TI  - Non-traumatic perforations of the colon.

PMID- 13684471
TI  - Surgical experiences with pulmonary coccidioidomycosis. A survey of 112 operative
      cases.

PMID- 13684472
TI  - Studies in segmental replacement of the thoracic trachea.

PMID- 13684473
TI  - Congenital cystic disease of the lungs and mediastinum.

PMID- 13684474
TI  - A study on camoquin and camoquinepinephrine induced arrhythmias.

PMID- 13684475
TI  - Sperm studies on Indian men.

PMID- 13684476
TI  - Recent trends in cardiac therapy with ataraxic agents.

PMID- 13684477
TI  - Unusual clinical and roentgenographic features of pulmonary infarction.

PMID- 13684478
TI  - [The blood supply of the thymus gland].

PMID- 13684479
TI  - [Can secondary changes occur in the femoral artery after a diaphysial femur
      fracture?].

PMID- 13684480
TI  - [Cold effect and petidase activity of bacteria].

PMID- 13684481
TI  - [On the problem of the bactericidal effect of antibiotics at low temperatures].

PMID- 13684482
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of a new antacid complex].

PMID- 13684483
TI  - [The behavior of hexosamine in cases of necrosis].

PMID- 13684484
TI  - [Clinico-statistical data on fractures of the elbow].

PMID- 13684485
TI  - [The treatment of circulation disorders of various origins with Thenucline].

PMID- 13684487
TI  - Why fluoridate?

PMID- 13684486
TI  - [The parenteral use of Madribon in prophylaxis and therapy].

PMID- 13684488
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the comparative anatomy of the telencephalon.
      Investigation in "Lebistes reticulatus", "Rana catesbyana","Chalcides
      occellatus", "Columba livia" and "Cavia coabya"].

PMID- 13684489
TI  - [On an unusual case of juvenile delinquency].

PMID- 13684490
TI  - [Pediatric anesthesiology].

PMID- 13684491
TI  - [Mycetoma, Less frequent localizations].

PMID- 13684492
TI  - The effect of 2-aminofluorene and related aromatic amines on the protein and
      ribonucleic acid metabolism of liver slices.

PMID- 13684493
TI  - [Hyperinsulinism in anesthesiology].

PMID- 13684494
TI  - [Cushing's syndrome and pheochromocytoma].

PMID- 13684495
TI  - [The cytological response to radiation. Prognostic value].

PMID- 13684496
TI  - [3 cases of cutaneous rickettsioses. Q fever reminding one of polymorphous
      erythema (percutaneous inoculation). Q fever and ulcers caused by necrosing
      capillaritis].

PMID- 13684497
TI  - [A valuable treatment of psoriasis (225 patients treated, with 95 percent
      completely cleared-up in from 4 to 6 weeks)].

PMID- 13684498
TI  - [Dermatology to the aid of general medicine].

PMID- 13684499
TI  - [Ecto-mesodermal hamartosis: a case of diffuse angiomatosis with fusion of Sturge
      Weber-Krabbe disease and Parkes-Weber disease].

PMID- 13684500
TI  - [Ecto-mesodermal hamartosis: a case of fusion of Recklinghausen's disease (with
      Virchow's neuromatous elephantiasis) and Klippel-Trenaunay-Parkes-Weber disease].

PMID- 13684501
TI  - [Remarks on several cases of cutaneous porphyria in adults].

PMID- 13684502
TI  - [Second case of colloid pseudo-milium, a transition form with pseudoxanthoma
      elasticum].

PMID- 13684503
TI  - [Surgical clinical aspects of malignant ovarian tumors].

PMID- 13684504
TI  - [Research on the impedography of the isolated heart under various conditions of
      perfusion].

PMID- 13684505
TI  - [Impedographic equivalents of the activity of socalled membrane-acting drugs on
      the isolated rabbit heart].

PMID- 13684506
TI  - [Results of treatment of remote disorders of rhythm of cardiac activity with
      quinidine, quinine bromide and novocainamide].

PMID- 13684508
TI  - James Bolton, surgeon-oculist. His place in the history of ophthalmology.

PMID- 13684509
TI  - [Hematic intracorpuscular enzymes, 2. Platelets and leukocytes].

PMID- 13684507
TI  - Sulphoglutathione reductase of pea tissues.

PMID- 13684510
TI  - Serum and urinary creatinine in children with severe protein malnutrition.

PMID- 13684511
TI  - Urinary excretion of creatinine of children under different nutritional
      conditions.

PMID- 13684513
TI  - [Production of interauricular communications under direct vision in dogs].

PMID- 13684512
TI  - [Vegetable mixtures as sources of protein in human nutrition. V. Biochemical
      evaluation].

PMID- 13684515
TI  - [Study of the Oranian variety of the scorpion Buthus occitanus (Amoreux, 1789)].

PMID- 13684514
TI  - [A precursor of the treatment of rabies with maximal curarization and
      intratracheal positive-pressure ventilation, Charles Waterton (1782-1865)].

PMID- 13684516
TI  - [2 histologies, that of yesterday and that of today].

PMID- 13684517
TI  - [Infectious diseases and the antibiotics].

PMID- 13684518
TI  - [Outline description of the bacteria in urine sediments].

PMID- 13684519
TI  - [Synoptic picture of parasites in urinary sediments].

PMID- 13684520
TI  - [The Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia de Mexico in the eyes of one outside the
      speciality].

PMID- 13684521
TI  - [Observations on trichinosis in Sardinia].

PMID- 13684522
TI  - [Infection in ophtalmological surgery].

PMID- 13684523
TI  - [Arteriovenous fistula of the lung].

PMID- 13684524
TI  - [Physiological basis of newborn nutrition in mature and premature infants].

PMID- 13684526
TI  - [Physiopathological considerations on facial apraxia].

PMID- 13684525
TI  - Speech disturbances caused by tumours of the supplementary motor area.

PMID- 13684527
TI  - [Intracerebral hematoma of traumatic origin].

PMID- 13684528
TI  - [Indirect lesions of the optic nerve in closed craniocerebral trauma].

PMID- 13684529
TI  - Primary intraspinal tumors in children and adolescents. A report on 12 cases.

PMID- 13684530
TI  - [Roentgen findings in brain cysticercosis. A report on 60 cases].

PMID- 13684531
TI  - [Current trends in neurosurgery].

PMID- 13684532
TI  - Situational factors contributing to mental illness in the United States: a
      theoretical summary.

PMID- 13684533
TI  - [Features of motor (skeletomuscular) and various other reflexes specific for the
      neonatal period in physiologically mature and immature infants].

PMID- 13684534
TI  - [Mechanisms in the origin of innervation factors regulating heart activity. (On
      an analysis of the genesis of the state of hypoplasia of the cardiovascular
      system)].

PMID- 13684535
TI  - [On the nature of peripheral and central inhibition (analysis of its formation
      and changes in the process of ontogenesis)].

PMID- 13684536
TI  - [On the role of metabolism in the origin of bio-electric potentials].

PMID- 13684537
TI  - [Rheumatic fever in certain military groups. Epidemiological analysis].

PMID- 13684538
TI  - [Role of flies in seasonal characteristics of dysentery].

PMID- 13684539
TI  - [Observations on variations of action potentials of the recurrent nerve in the
      cat after intense acoustic stimulation].

PMID- 13684540
TI  - [Can otosclerosis be considered as a collagen disease? Results of histochemical
      research].

PMID- 13684541
TI  - Stapedial surgery in otosclerosis: the method of the exclusion of the
      otosclerotic lesion.

PMID- 13684542
TI  - The innervation of the middle ear.

PMID- 13684543
TI  - [Great discoveries on the ear and larynx by anatomists of the University of
      Padova of the 16th century].

PMID- 13684544
TI  - Congenital hydrocephalus and mental retardation.

PMID- 13684545
TI  - [Giardiasis in the child, Frequency and clinical aspects in Lebanon].

PMID- 13684546
TI  - [Alveolar echinococcosis in the southern part of Kazakhastan (according to
      autopsy material)].

PMID- 13684547
TI  - [Effect of transfusing of the erythrocytes on kidney function in patients with
      osteoarticular tuberculosis].

PMID- 13684548
TI  - [The state of blood gases in patients with osteoarticular tuberculosis before and
      after transfusion of packed erythrocytes].

PMID- 13684549
TI  - [Essay on a health organization in the new great housing developments].

PMID- 13684550
TI  - [Electrocardiographic data on vibration sickness].

PMID- 13684551
TI  - [Ambulatory-polyclinical service for the urban population].

PMID- 13684552
TI  - [Actinomycetes from the violaceus group].

PMID- 13684554
TI  - [On the problem of gastrointestinal conditions in vibration sickness].

PMID- 13684555
TI  - [The blood supply of neuroectodermal tumors of the cerebellum].

PMID- 13684556
TI  - [Hematocolpos caused by post-radium vaginal atresia].

PMID- 13684558
TI  - [Frankfurt ophthalmology from a historical viewpoint].

PMID- 13684557
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of phenformin (D.B.I.) in diabetics].

PMID- 13684559
TI  - [DDT powder in the therapy of trichomonas urethritis in men].

PMID- 13684560
TI  - [On the regenerative features of rat ovary after compensatory hypertrophy].

PMID- 13684561
TI  - [On a case of solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (anatomo-clinical
      observation].

PMID- 13684563
TI  - [Subacute encephalitis in children].

PMID- 13684562
TI  - [The ataxic form of Heine-Medin disease].

PMID- 13684564
TI  - Encephalitis in Ibadan.

PMID- 13684565
TI  - Kielland's forceps rotation in the first stage of labour.

PMID- 13684566
TI  - [Epidemiology of burns].

PMID- 13684567
TI  - [Changes in the splenic vein in recurrent chronic pancreatitis].

PMID- 13684568
TI  - In vitro susceptibility of 24 strains of Histoplasma capsulatum to amphotericin
      B.

PMID- 13684569
TI  - A simplified test for the detection of paraaminosalicylic acid and
      acetylsalicylic acid metabolites in urine.

PMID- 13684570
TI  - [A gastric double-contrast method in roentgenodiagnosis of neoplastic and
      inflammatory processes].

PMID- 13684571
TI  - [Neurofibroma of the bulb of the duodenum].

PMID- 13684572
TI  - Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv grown in vivo: nature of the inhibitor of lactic
      dehydrogenase of Mycobacterium phlei.

PMID- 13684573
TI  - Studies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv grown in vivo: utilization of
      glucose.

PMID- 13684574
TI  - Studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RV grown in vivo.

PMID- 13684575
TI  - [Irritable bladder in women].

PMID- 13684576
TI  - [The value of determination of protein bound iodine in gynecological
      endocrinology].

PMID- 13684577
TI  - ["Psychosomatic" aspects of climacteric disorders].

PMID- 13684578
TI  - [Vegetative reactive condition in pregnancy and gestational disorders].

PMID- 13684579
TI  - Lecithin formation by methylation of intactphosphatidyl dimethylethanolamine.

PMID- 13684580
TI  - [Marginal exfoliative glossitis].

PMID- 13684581
TI  - Investigations on the vascular system of the placenta. I. General introduction
      and the fetal vascular system.

PMID- 13684582
TI  - Investigations on the vascular system of the placenta. II. The maternal vascular
      system.

PMID- 13684583
TI  - Cytogenetical studies on six Verbascumspecies and their hybrids.

PMID- 13684584
TI  - [Chloroma].

PMID- 13684585
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the vaginal smear in pregnancy and lactation].

PMID- 13684586
TI  - Pathophysiological aspects of the burn syndrome with special reference to liver
      injury and alterations of capillary permeability.

PMID- 13684587
TI  - Serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase activity in experimental burns.

PMID- 13684588
TI  - Serum proteins and protein-bound carbohydrates in burned rats.

PMID- 13684589
TI  - [Pulse telecounting apparatus for the study of heart rate during work].

PMID- 13684590
TI  - Protection of the surgical wound with a new plastic film.

PMID- 13684591
TI  - The staphylococcal problem: current trends in concepts and management.

PMID- 13684592
TI  - Study of various methods for detecting leaks in hermetically sealed ampuls.

PMID- 13684593
TI  - [Poliomyelitic antigen for complement fixation].

PMID- 13684594
TI  - [Complement-fixing herpetic antigen].

PMID- 13684595
TI  - [Research on the pherogram of rabbits vaccinated with Klebsiella ozenae
      polysaccharides].

PMID- 13684596
TI  - [Various technics for the treatment of post-burn definitive partial alopecia].

PMID- 13684597
TI  - Dermatomyositis and malignant neoplasms in adults. A survey of twenty years'
      experience.

PMID- 13684598
TI  - [On the effect of hypoglycemia on certain forms of inhibition of the knee-jerk
      reflex].

PMID- 13684599
TI  - [On the effect of morphine and nalorphine on the content of labile phosphorus
      compounds in the brain].

PMID- 13684600
TI  - [Some problems in the epidemiology and prevention of bites by Lathrodectus].

PMID- 13684601
TI  - [Tvi-Tv6 syndrome in the diagnosis of myocardial repolarization disorders].

PMID- 13684602
TI  - [Skin changes in reticuloses].

PMID- 13684603
TI  - [An analgesic substance - lemoran].

PMID- 13684604
TI  - [The properties of viadril-an intravenous narcotic of steroid structure].

PMID- 13684605
TI  - [Some data on the mechanism of the effect of antianemin on the hematopoietic
      process].

PMID- 13684606
TI  - [A plea for bringing practical experience of 4th year students of departments of
      hygiene and sanitation in the field of nutritional hygiene close to the actual
      conditions].

PMID- 13684607
TI  - [Subdural encapsulated hematomas, their clinical aspects and surgical treatment].

PMID- 13684608
TI  - [Psychosis in lipogranulomatosis (disseminated and with abscessing)].

PMID- 13684609
TI  - [Nikolai Ivanovich OZERETSKII (on 6th anniversary of his death)].

PMID- 13684610
TI  - [On the problem of changes of the metabolism and energy losses in neurological
      stress].

PMID- 13684611
TI  - [On fat and lipid metabolism in flying personnel].

PMID- 13684612
TI  - [On the problem of vascularization of infarcts and scars of the myocardium].

PMID- 13684613
TI  - [A case of gigantic aneurysm of the basilar artery].

PMID- 13684614
TI  - [On the structure and compensatory significance of the Thebesius vessels in the
      left cardiac ventricle in myocardial infarct].

PMID- 13684615
TI  - [On skin manifestations in nodular vasculitis].

PMID- 13684616
TI  - [Present-day viewpoints on the pathogenesis, clinical aspects and therapy of
      psoriasis].

PMID- 13684617
TI  - [On the latency period of a simple motor reaction in focal brain injuries].

PMID- 13684618
TI  - [Cutaneous changes in a reticulopathy (hemoderma)].

PMID- 13684619
TI  - Philadelphia doctors in the White House.

PMID- 13684620
TI  - [Prolonged phases of inhibition following postsynaptic potentials of excitation
      or inhibition (neurons of Aplysia)].

PMID- 13684621
TI  - [The importance of neurotropic overload stimuli in the genesis of congenital
      abnormalities].

PMID- 13684622
TI  - [The action of charged neurotropic stimuli during chemical blockade of the
      anterior pituitary gland].

PMID- 13684623
TI  - [The role of nervous environmental influences on sex functions in women].

PMID- 13684624
TI  - [Our tasks in the control of perinatal maternal and infant mortality].

PMID- 13684625
TI  - Correlation between mitral P wave and left atrial volume determined by
      angiocardiography.

PMID- 13684626
TI  - Comparison between water and alcohol consumption in six animal species infree
      choice experiments.

PMID- 13684627
TI  - [Experiences with electroresections].

PMID- 13684629
TI  - [Birth of enzymopathology].

PMID- 13684628
TI  - Histoenzymological data on the digestive tract of Octopus vulgaris Lamarck
      (Cephalopoda).

PMID- 13684630
TI  - [Contribution to the histo-enzymology of the digestive tube in Octopus vulgaris
      Lamarck (Cephalopoda)].

PMID- 13684631
TI  - [Contribution to the histoenzymology of the adrenal glands of Sus scrofa L.,
      (Suidae, Gray, 1821) of the domestic variety].

PMID- 13684632
TI  - [Contribution to the histoenzymology of the rhinarium of Ovis aries L. (Ovinae,
      Baird 1857)].

PMID- 13684633
TI  - [Clinical experiences with parenteral administration of a new theophylline
      preparation (LABO-phyllin pH 7.4)].

PMID- 13684634
TI  - Aminoacid content of keloid.

PMID- 13684635
TI  - [Cholesteatoma of the spinal cord].

PMID- 13684637
TI  - Conversion of prothrombin into thrombin. I. DEAE-cellulose chromatography of
      prothrombin and isolation of a prothrombin derivative.

PMID- 13684636
TI  - [Resistence to dieldrin presented by A. (N.) albimanus and A. (AR.) puntimacula
      in sme localities of the equatorial coast].

PMID- 13684638
TI  - Yeast sulfate-reducing system. II. Enzymatic reduction of protein disulfide.

PMID- 13684639
TI  - [Studies on sleep. I. EEG in natural sleep].

PMID- 13684640
TI  - The relationship between steady potential and other electrical activities of
      cerebral cortex.

PMID- 13684641
TI  - An experimental study on the effects of hypothermia for cerebral concussion from
      the aspect of relationship between astrocyte and cerebral edema.

PMID- 13684643
TI  - [Effects of an adrenocortical steroid on experimental tuberculosis in rabbits].

PMID- 13684642
TI  - [Effects of thalamic and photic stimulations upon neuronal activity of the
      cortical association area in cat].

PMID- 13684645
TI  - [Modern viewpoints concerning the diagnosis and therapy of pancreatitis].

PMID- 13684644
TI  - The interaction between G-actin and ATP.

PMID- 13684646
TI  - [Changes in the therapy of inflammatory diseases of the pancreas. Antibody
      therapy of acute and postoperative pancreatitis; conclusions from modern therapy
      on the etiology and pathogenesis of pancreatitis and pancreas necrosis].

PMID- 13684647
TI  - [Modern therapy of acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis].

PMID- 13684648
TI  - [Adaptation and habit as factors essential to changes in accident insurance and
      care laws].

PMID- 13684649
TI  - Paper electrophoretic studies on enzymes in the liver of rats fed 4
      dimethylaminoazobenzene. VI. Acetylcholinesterase.

PMID- 13684650
TI  - Superior vena cavspulmonary artery anastomosis, its experimental study and
      clinical applications.

PMID- 13684651
TI  - [A study of partial right heart bypass (superior vena cavapulmonary artery
      anastomosis). Experimental study and clinical applications for tricuspid
      atresia].

PMID- 13684652
TI  - Salivary poison of a marine gastropod, Neptumea arthritica Bernardi, and the
      seasonal variation of its toxicity.

PMID- 13684653
TI  - Amines in blood and urine in relation to liver disease.

PMID- 13684654
TI  - [ERG in retinal detachment].

PMID- 13684655
TI  - [The use of dexamethasone (Decadron) in ophthalmology. II. Decadron ophthalmic
      ointment].

PMID- 13684656
TI  - Fibroplasia and brain lesions.

PMID- 13684658
TI  - [Present day dermatology].

PMID- 13684657
TI  - Urticaria pigmentosa and generalized mastocytosis. Polymyxin Btreatment.

PMID- 13684659
TI  - [The problem of uterine rupture in modern obsterics].

PMID- 13684660
TI  - [Test for uterine sensitivity to oxytocin, preliminary communication].

PMID- 13684661
TI  - A quantitative investigation of the birefringence of the osteon.

PMID- 13684662
TI  - [The current status of our knowledge on the etiology of congential
      cardiopathies].

PMID- 13684663
TI  - Biophysical study of von Recklinghausen's disease of bone. Study of a case.

PMID- 13684664
TI  - Relationship between prefrontal lobes and thymus. Report of an unusual case.

PMID- 13684665
TI  - [Further data on the calcification of the osteon].

PMID- 13684666
TI  - [On the significance of the argentophile fibrils in myelofibrosis and in primary
      osteomyelosclerosis].

PMID- 13684667
TI  - [On the ultrastructure of osseous tissue].

PMID- 13684668
TI  - Hysterotubal hydrotubation in Peruvian sterile women.

PMID- 13684669
TI  - Female pseudohermaphroditism.

PMID- 13684671
TI  - [Albuminurias-proteinurias].

PMID- 13684670
TI  - [Caplan's syndrome].

PMID- 13684672
TI  - The pathogenesis of positional hystagmus.

PMID- 13684673
TI  - [Acute poliomyelitis in audulthood. Incidence, clinical aspects, developmental
      forms].

PMID- 13684674
TI  - [On the selection of heart active drugs in general practice].

PMID- 13684675
TI  - Prof. G. G. MER.

PMID- 13684676
TI  - Ophthalmologic experiences with a new vasoconstrictor and a new anti-inflammatory
      agent.

PMID- 13684677
TI  - Some details of the technique of cyclodialysis.

PMID- 13684678
TI  - [Influences of the cerebral cortex on motor discharges induced by luminous
      stimulation in the cat under chloralose].

PMID- 13684679
TI  - [Role of the cortical somatic surfaces in the control of certain somesthesic
      motor discharges].

PMID- 13684680
TI  - Clinical, surgical and pathologic concepts of Hirschsprung's disease (symptomatic
      aganglionic megacolon).

PMID- 13684681
TI  - Kinetics of blood protein leakage in inflammation.

PMID- 13684682
TI  - [Tissular distribution of eosinophilic granulocytes, in the rat made eosinopenic
      by prolonged protein deficiency].

PMID- 13684683
TI  - [Acute foreign bodies in the respiratory tract].

PMID- 13684684
TI  - Proteins and haematopoiesis.

PMID- 13684685
TI  - [Compensatory thyroid hypertrophy in hemi-thyroidectomized rats as a function of
      the proteins in the diet].

PMID- 13684686
TI  - [Effect of experimental osteolathyrism on blood proteins, as well as on the
      weight of the liver, lymphoid organs and the adrenal glands].

PMID- 13684688
TI  - [Repercussions of dietary protein deficiency on the thyroid and adrenals. The
      role reverting to a dysfunction of these 2 glands in the genesis of various
      manifestations of the deficiency].

PMID- 13684687
TI  - [Influence of privation of dietary proteins on the eosinopenic action of ACTH and
      cortisone in the rat].

PMID- 13684689
TI  - [The hematological aspects of experimental osteolathyrism].

PMID- 13684690
TI  - [Weight response of the thyroid gland to privation of iodine according to the
      protein content of the diet].

PMID- 13684691
TI  - [Experimental chronic alcoholization. Influence exercised by various
      physiological factors on the spontaneous consumption of alcohol in laboratory
      animals].

PMID- 13684692
TI  - [Relation between the inhibitory effect of estrogens on the consummation of
      alcohol of the rat and their genital action].

PMID- 13684693
TI  - Intradermal salt solution test in elderly persons.

PMID- 13684694
TI  - Visualisation of the falciform ligament of the liver in subphrenic abscesses.

PMID- 13684695
TI  - Exogenous and endogenous components in circadian rhythms.

PMID- 13684696
TI  - [Cerebreal rheographic findings in several dysreactive mesenchymal diseases].

PMID- 13684697
TI  - Irreversible changes of ionic activities following thermal denaturation of sodium
      deoxyribonucleate.

PMID- 13684699
TI  - [Against the excessive and indiscriminate use of the "ambulatory urine collector"
      in patients with urological disorders of traumatic origin].

PMID- 13684698
TI  - [Extraordinary life of Henry VISCARDI].

PMID- 13684700
TI  - [My experience with "neurological bladder" after spinal cord injuries].

PMID- 13684701
TI  - [Peri-urethral abscesses, urethral diverticula and urethral fistulas in
      paraplegics with spinal cord injuries].

PMID- 13684703
TI  - [Vitamin A and its relation to follicular hyperkeratosis and endemic goiter in
      school children of Ciudad Vieja, Guatemala].

PMID- 13684702
TI  - [The parasympatholytic drugs in bladder pathology and in particular in bladder
      disorders in paraplegics].

PMID- 13684704
TI  - [Experience with total examination of the population of the city of Klin].

PMID- 13684705
TI  - [On classification of outpatients].

PMID- 13684706
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of pleuropneumosclerosis of tuberculous and other
      etiology].

PMID- 13684708
TI  - [Considerations on cerebral cysticercosis].

PMID- 13684707
TI  - [Prevention of secondary attacks of rheumatism in children by the method of
      combined and antirelapse therapy].

PMID- 13684709
TI  - [Parkinsonism and surgery].

PMID- 13684710
TI  - [New zoological genera and species and new mineralogical types, described for the
      first time by Spanish pharmacists].

PMID- 13684711
TI  - Effects of usage of a dormant respiratory nerve pathway upon its subsequent
      activity.

PMID- 13684712
TI  - [A. M. Cattaneo's radical operation for cancer of the cervix uteri].

PMID- 13684713
TI  - [Cervical incompetence as a cause of habitual abortion].

PMID- 13684714
TI  - [Ventricular paroxysmal tachycardia].

PMID- 13684715
TI  - Effect of casting conditions on some mechanical properties of cobalt-base alloys.

PMID- 13684717
TI  - Problems of mental disorders in Pakistan.

PMID- 13684716
TI  - Effect of microstructure on the physical properties of cobalt-base alloys.

PMID- 13684718
TI  - The dual-purpose cesium unit for radiotherapy.

PMID- 13684719
TI  - Acid secretion by the abomasum and its relation to the flow of food material in
      the sheep.

PMID- 13684721
TI  - A contact lens lesson learnt.

PMID- 13684720
TI  - Stimuli influencing the secretion of acid by the abomasum of sheep.

PMID- 13684722
TI  - The school nurse.

PMID- 13684723
TI  - Lead encephalopathy.

PMID- 13684724
TI  - The effects of nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, and placebo on the chronic
      schizophrenic.

PMID- 13684725
TI  - A clinical trial of imipramine ("Tofranil") on depressed patients.

PMID- 13684726
TI  - [A study of electrocardiographic indices and oxygen requirement of the myocardium
      in conditions of artificial blood circulation].

PMID- 13684727
TI  - Neuropsychiatric syndrome complicating obstructive jaundice of recent onset.

PMID- 13684728
TI  - A comparison of tetrabenazine and chlorpromazine in chronic schizophrenia.

PMID- 13684729
TI  - Amending your income tax declaration.

PMID- 13684730
TI  - Are you really insured against loss?

PMID- 13684731
TI  - Watch your language, doctor.

PMID- 13684732
TI  - Some responses of rats to whole body mechanical vibration. I.

PMID- 13684733
TI  - The effect of caffeine in experimental cerebral edema in rats.

PMID- 13684734
TI  - Comment on "the relationship between rigidity-flexibility in children and their
      parents".

PMID- 13684735
TI  - [The management of the pregnant woman in Israel].

PMID- 13684736
TI  - Incidence of haemagglutinating and complement-fixing antibodies.

PMID- 13684737
TI  - A rapid screening test for phage-type 80 staphylococci.

PMID- 13684738
TI  - The classification of chest radiographs for coalworkers' pneumoconiosis. A study
      of the performance of two readers over a period of six years.

PMID- 13684739
TI  - An acid mucopolysaccharide in cockroach ganglia.

PMID- 13684740
TI  - Metabolic adaptations in higher animals. IV. Liver arginase activity during
      adaptation to high protein diet.

PMID- 13684741
TI  - [Dislocation of the navicular bone as a perilunar form of dislocations of the
      wrist].

PMID- 13684742
TI  - [On stable products of pheophytin photoreduction].

PMID- 13684744
TI  - Survey of venereal disease in central Maine.

PMID- 13684743
TI  - A summary of tuberculin reactor rates obtained through skin testing in Maine
      Schools.

PMID- 13684745
TI  - Metabolic studies in starvation.

PMID- 13684746
TI  - The effect of freezing on the acceptance or rejection of autologous and
      homologous skin transplants.

PMID- 13684747
TI  - Epithelial and stromal roles in carcinogenesis. I. Histological changes and
      ultimate fate of internally transplanted skin and component parts separated by
      tryptic digestion.

PMID- 13684748
TI  - Epithelial stromal roles in carcinogenesis. II. Tumor development in internal
      transplants of skin and epithelium treated with 3-methylcholanthrene.

PMID- 13684750
TI  - Cinefluorographic studies of deglutition and phonation. A preliminary report.

PMID- 13684749
TI  - Penicillin resistance in staphylococci isolated in a casualty department.
AB  - The results of a series of antibiotic resistance tests on 118 strains of
      Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients attending a casualty department are
      recorded. Forty-six per cent. of the strains were resistant to penicillin, 12% to
      streptomycin, 7.5% to tetracycline, and small numbers to the other antibiotics.
      It is suggested that tetracycline should be used in those infections which are
      sufficiently severe to merit antibiotic treatment.

PMID- 13684751
TI  - [On trophic ulcers of the stomach appearing during treatment with massive doses
      of steroid hormones].

PMID- 13684752
TI  - Cortisol stimulation of glycogen synthesis in fasted rats.

PMID- 13684753
TI  - A training program for hospital orderlies.

PMID- 13684754
TI  - Enzymatic peritonitis due to pancreatic trauma.

PMID- 13684755
TI  - beta-globulin type and fertility in artificially bred dairy cattle.

PMID- 13684756
TI  - Griseofulvin in the treatment of tinea pedis and onychomycosis.

PMID- 13684757
TI  - [On the coordination of scientific research relating to public health in
      socialist countries].

PMID- 13684758
TI  - The work and training of feldshers and nurses in the USSR.

PMID- 13684759
TI  - Metabolism of ascorbic acid and related uronic acids, aldonic acids, and
      pentoses.

PMID- 13684760
TI  - The effect of phosphorus 32, dextran, reserpine and stypturon on thrombus
      formation in rats.

PMID- 13684761
TI  - Inability of dimethyl sulphoxide to protect mouse testis against the effect of x
      radiation.

PMID- 13684762
TI  - Preservation of mouse bone marrow at -79 degrees C. with dimethyl sulphoxide.

PMID- 13684763
TI  - The effect of whole-body x-irradiation on the glutathione content of rat thymus.

PMID- 13684764
TI  - The radioprotective action of dimethyl sulphoxide and various other sulphoxides.

PMID- 13684765
TI  - Subarachnoid haemorrhage in pregnancy with hypertension due to unilateral
      pyelonephritis.

PMID- 13684766
TI  - Nontropical sprue. Fine structure of the intestinal epithelial lesion.

PMID- 13684767
TI  - Glomerular excretion of macromolecular substances. Electron microscopic study of
      rat kidney after administration of human serum albumin.

PMID- 13684768
TI  - Electron microscopy. The invasive properties of malignant neoplasms.

PMID- 13684769
TI  - Anatomic pathway of bile formation.

PMID- 13684770
TI  - Symposium on probable or possible malignant cervical lesions - carcinoma in situ.
      I. Histology of carcinoma in situ. A study of basement membranes of normal
      epithelium, carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma of uterine cervix utilizing
      electron microscopy and histochemical methods.

PMID- 13684771
TI  - Sickness absence from work.

PMID- 13684772
TI  - On gliomas masquerading as other disorders.

PMID- 13684773
TI  - On the intracranial pressure in the syndrome of obstruction of the vena cava
      superior.

PMID- 13684774
TI  - On the pathogenesis of the hypertension in Takayashu's syndrome.

PMID- 13684775
TI  - [How much knowledge in the examination of medical candidates is attributed to the
      clinical service performance?].

PMID- 13684776
TI  - [Why are aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery so dangerous?].

PMID- 13684777
TI  - [On clinical aspects of Schoenlein-Henoch syndrome in children].

PMID- 13684778
TI  - [Results of the incorporation of leukemia into the group of systemic diseases].

PMID- 13684779
TI  - [Cardiac infarctin children].

PMID- 13684780
TI  - [Hypertension in Schoenlein-Henoch syndrome].

PMID- 13684781
TI  - [Attempted use of immunoelectrophoresis in clinical myocardial infarction].

PMID- 13684782
TI  - The effect of cerebral stimulation on pulse and blood pressure.

PMID- 13684783
TI  - Modified insulin therapy in out-patient practice.

PMID- 13684784
TI  - The effect of cerebral stimulation on arousal from thiopentone narcosis.

PMID- 13684785
TI  - The effect of electronarcosis on the water secretion test.

PMID- 13684786
TI  - On the surgical and anaesthetic management of operalions for obstructive
      intrathoracic goiters.

PMID- 13684787
TI  - Partial orchidectomy in the treatment of localised tuberculosis of the testis. A
      preliminary report.

PMID- 13684788
TI  - Plication of the deep fascia of the calf as a new line of treatment in certain
      cases of primary varicose veins of the lower limb. Preliminary note.

PMID- 13684789
TI  - Portal hypertension in Egyptian splenomegaly.

PMID- 13684790
TI  - Delayed spinal myelopathy following atlanto-axial fracture dislocation.

PMID- 13684792
TI  - Sewing needle in the brain with delayed neurological manifestations.

PMID- 13684791
TI  - Chronic osteomyelitis of base of skull.

PMID- 13684793
TI  - Orally administered radioactive sodium iodide in the detection of intra-cranial
      tumours.

PMID- 13684794
TI  - Brain abscess in cyanotic congenital heart disease.

PMID- 13684795
TI  - ["Acute abdomen" in atypical forms of acute infections].

PMID- 13684796
TI  - Classical tragedy and psychotherapeutic catharsis.

PMID- 13684797
TI  - A practicing physician looks at the college health program.

PMID- 13684798
TI  - E.C.F.M.G. goal: the best possible medical care.

PMID- 13684799
TI  - Let's get the picture back in focus.

PMID- 13684800
TI  - Medical crisis of the sixties.

PMID- 13684801
TI  - The A.M.A. joins battle.

PMID- 13684802
TI  - An investigation of closely related gamma-myeloma proteins and normal mouse gamma
      globbulin by partial enzymic degradation and starch-gel electrophoresis.

PMID- 13684803
TI  - The significance of multiple antibody components in serum of immunized rabbits.

PMID- 13684804
TI  - The distribution of antigenic groupings on mouse gamma-globulin molecules.

PMID- 13684805
TI  - A study on globulin formation by plasma-cell neoplasm (5563) transplantable in
      mice.

PMID- 13684806
TI  - [Postgraduate training of physicians. Disrespectful thoughts].

PMID- 13684807
TI  - [Studies on the shifts in capillary permeability with increasing age].

PMID- 13684808
TI  - [On the prophylaxis of arteriosclerosis].

PMID- 13684809
TI  - [Action of p-amino-benzoyl-diethylamino-ethanol on white rat liver homogenates].

PMID- 13684810
TI  - [Therapeutics of old age].

PMID- 13684811
TI  - [A case of hereditary congenital bilateral dislocation of the knee joints
      combined with other deformities].

PMID- 13684812
TI  - [Characteristics of the functional state of the nucleus of the vagus nerve during
      relative starvation and satiety].

PMID- 13684813
TI  - [Leptospiroses in abattoir workers in the Ostrava region].

PMID- 13684814
TI  - [Ornithosis in poultry farm workers in the Ostrava Region].

PMID- 13684815
TI  - [Leptospira grippotyphosa in the hare Lepus europaeus].

PMID- 13684816
TI  - Alveolo-arterial gas exchange at rest and during work at different 02 tensions.

PMID- 13684818
TI  - The weight-carrying function of the human spine.

PMID- 13684817
TI  - The disappearance of oxygen from shed blood at body temperature.

PMID- 13684819
TI  - [The "basic test" of the Polio Institute].

PMID- 13684820
TI  - [Actinomycosis of the male genitalia].

PMID- 13684821
TI  - [Intracutaneous immunotherapy of cervico-facial actinomycosis in children with
      actinolysate].

PMID- 13684822
TI  - [Studies on thiamine metabolism in various diseases of the skin. X. Participation
      of thiamine and riboflavin in the formation of tyrosine melanin].

PMID- 13684823
TI  - [Professor Pavel Nikolaevich NAPALKOV (on the 60th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 13684824
TI  - Effect of chemotherapy on fibres in tuberculous caseations of the lung.

PMID- 13684825
TI  - The exudatory and vasodilatatory effects in human skin of 1-methyl-4-beta
      aminoethyl imidazole (methyl-histamine).

PMID- 13684826
TI  - Thyrotoxicosis and pregnancy.

PMID- 13684827
TI  - Therapeutic uses of radioiodine.

PMID- 13684828
TI  - Physiological approach to correction of hypothyrodism.

PMID- 13684829
TI  - The treatment of hyperthyroidism.

PMID- 13684830
TI  - [Current problems of cerebral disorders in childhood].

PMID- 13684831
TI  - [Current problems of feeblemindedness].

PMID- 13684832
TI  - [The nervous mother and her child].

PMID- 13684833
TI  - Depth-dose data for rectangular fields.

PMID- 13684834
TI  - Effect of various steroids on the development of the bursa Fabricii in chick
      embryos.

PMID- 13684835
TI  - [Therapeutic value of cortisone in amyloidosis of the larynx].

PMID- 13684836
TI  - The initiation and localization of cortical inhibition in the conditioned reflex
      arc.

PMID- 13684837
TI  - [Activity of new anthistaminics and corticoids on the cutaneous response to
      histamine].

PMID- 13684838
TI  - The mechanism of the combined treatment of depression with iproniazid and
      reserpine.

PMID- 13684839
TI  - Clinical and endocrinological effects of hydroxyzine.

PMID- 13684840
TI  - Regional flow-pressure relationship in response to angiotensin in the intact dog
      and sheep.

PMID- 13684841
TI  - Sensitisation of blood-vessels to hypertensive damage by x-irradiation.

PMID- 13684842
TI  - [On various applications of gas phase chromatography to the study of bacterial
      fatty acids].

PMID- 13684843
TI  - [Influence of sectioning of the hypophysial portal veins on th cytology of the
      anterior pituitary of the male Peking duck].

PMID- 13684844
TI  - [Principal causes of psychiatric morbidity in Algerian Moslems].

PMID- 13684845
TI  - [More on abundant cultivation of BCG in liquid medium].

PMID- 13684846
TI  - [Note on the IVM coagulator].

PMID- 13684847
TI  - [Treatment of myasthenia gravis].

PMID- 13684848
TI  - [Treatment of severe forms of myasthenia with intravenous ACTH].

PMID- 13684849
TI  - [Value of gamma encephalometry in the diagnosis of epilepsy].

PMID- 13684850
TI  - [On the problem of the variability of the results of clinical blood coagulation
      studies].

PMID- 13684851
TI  - [Critical remarks on the evaluation of serum electropherograms].

PMID- 13684852
TI  - [A very rare tumor of the stomach: "dysgenetic organoid cyst"].

PMID- 13684853
TI  - [Apropos of 11 cases of benign tumor of the stomach].

PMID- 13684854
TI  - [Simple and rapid colorimetric determination of free cholesterol in the presence
      of its fatty acid esters].

PMID- 13684855
TI  - [Alveolar bronchiolar carcinoma. Report of 7 cases found in the records of the
      pathology department of the Hospital Rosales].

PMID- 13684856
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of clonorchosis, metagonimiasis and opisthorchosis by
      means of the examination of egg morphology].

PMID- 13684857
TI  - [Treatment of severe traumatic shock].

PMID- 13684858
TI  - [The effect of nitrogen mustard on the oxygen consumption of normal human
      leukocytes].

PMID- 13684859
TI  - [Further study on the effect of x-rays on the proliferative activity of
      erythroblasts].

PMID- 13684860
TI  - Effects of cartilage and bone marrow extracts on tissue cultures in vitro.

PMID- 13684861
TI  - Giovanni DI GUGLIELMO (1886-1961).

PMID- 13684862
TI  - [Correlative variability of the cranium and brain in some mammals].

PMID- 13684863
TI  - [Diagnostic significance of artificial pneumopericardium].

PMID- 13684864
TI  - [Experience in the use of triamcinolone in the treatment of various collagen
      diseases].

PMID- 13684865
TI  - [10-year results of hormonal therapy of non-specific infectious (rheumatoid)
      polyarthritis].

PMID- 13684866
TI  - [Effect of basic food substances on the motor function of the gallbladder in
      healthy subjects].

PMID- 13684867
TI  - Fine-structural studies of the collagenapatite partnership.

PMID- 13684868
TI  - Molecular biology or ultrastructural biology?

PMID- 13684869
TI  - Some fundamental molecular considerations on the fibrous proteins of the skin.

PMID- 13684870
TI  - The pellicle as a factor in the stabilization of cellular form and integrity:
      effects of externally applied enzymes on the resistance of Blepharisma and
      Paramecium to pressure-induced cytolysis.

PMID- 13684871
TI  - Glutamic acid and human intelligence.

PMID- 13684872
TI  - Duplications of the foregut and related conditions.

PMID- 13684873
TI  - Image intensification and the thymus.

PMID- 13684874
TI  - [Elimination and distribution of a hydro-mineral overload administered in
      continuous isotonic injections].

PMID- 13684875
TI  - [Influence of a water-mineral overload on the protein composition of the plasma
      in the rat].

PMID- 13684876
TI  - [New antipyretic and analgesic in pediatrics].

PMID- 13684877
TI  - [Language rehabilitation in infantile cerebral paralysis].

PMID- 13684879
TI  - [Attempts at determining chorionic gonadotropins in some mammals].

PMID- 13684878
TI  - [Study of the effect of enzymes and pH on human and batracian gonadotropins].

PMID- 13684880
TI  - [Influence of the pH and toxic drugs on imbibition and spermatozoa release of
      toad testes].

PMID- 13684881
TI  - [2 cases of tetralogy of Fallot with a left type of the electrocardiogram].

PMID- 13684882
TI  - [Complications in puncture of the left auricle and catheterization of the left
      heart].

PMID- 13684883
TI  - [Prostatic adenomectomy (Hrynschak technic)].

PMID- 13684884
TI  - Circulatory and respiratory adaptation to severe muscular work.

PMID- 13684886
TI  - [On the differential diagnosis between ovarian apoplexy and acute appendicits].

PMID- 13684885
TI  - Oxygen intake of obese individuals during work on a bicycle ergometer.

PMID- 13684887
TI  - Some pharmacological properties of o-methyl-alpha-propylaminopropioananilide, a
      new local anaesthetic.
AB  - The anaesthetic action of o-methyl-alpha-propylaminopropionanilide (L 67, Astra)
      has been studied and compared with lignocaine in different in vitro and in vivo
      tests. Procaine and amethocaine (tetracaine) were also included in several of the
      comparisons. In nerve block on the isolated frog sciatic nerve L 67 is somewhat
      less effective than lignocaine. In all in vivo conditions, however, L 67 is quite
      comparable to lignocaine as to duration, latency and frequency of anaesthesia. As
      a spinal anaesthetic in rabbits 2 to 4% solutions of L 67 give a longer duration
      of anaesthesia than lignocaine. Toxicity in mice and rabbits and respiratory and
      circulatory effects in cats have also been evaluated. L 67 is almost twice as
      well tolerated as lignocaine. It is concluded that L 67 may prove to be a useful
      anaesthetic in certain clinical applications.

PMID- 13684888
TI  - The toxicity of some local anesthetics after application on different mucous
      membranes and its relation to anesthetic action on the nasal mucosa of the
      rabbit.

PMID- 13684889
TI  - An experimental neuropathological study of the effects of high-frequency focused
      ultrasound on the brain of the cat.

PMID- 13684890
TI  - [Cancer of the stomach after anastomosis in ulcer].

PMID- 13684891
TI  - [Characteristics of closed cerebrocranial injuries in subjects of advanced and
      senile age].

PMID- 13684892
TI  - [Strangulated hernia in aged persons].

PMID- 13684893
TI  - [The war of 1870-1871 and medicine].

PMID- 13684895
TI  - [The war of 1870-71 and medicine].

PMID- 13684894
TI  - [The war of 1870-71 and medicine].

PMID- 13684896
TI  - [Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasis (Rendu-Osler disease) in 2 sisters].

PMID- 13684897
TI  - [On certain clinical problems in paraproteinemia with a report of 3 cases].

PMID- 13684898
TI  - [Clinical-experimental study of the mechanisms of psychotherapy].

PMID- 13684899
TI  - [Experimental animal neuroses].

PMID- 13684900
TI  - [Pathogenetic problems in functional psychoses].

PMID- 13684902
TI  - [Medical schools in Copenhagen].

PMID- 13684901
TI  - [Reflexological studies of human neuroses].

PMID- 13684903
TI  - Haemostasis in haemophilia in relation to the haemostatic balance in the normal
      organism and the effect of pea nuts.

PMID- 13684904
TI  - Plasma factors versus serum factors in blood coagulation.

PMID- 13684905
TI  - [Study of the retention and elimination of Co58-labelled-vitamin B12 in the form
      of the tannate complex of zinc-cyanocobalamine].

PMID- 13684906
TI  - [The vectorcardiogram in healthy children].

PMID- 13684907
TI  - [Vectorcardiography in rheumatic disorders of the heart in children].

PMID- 13684908
TI  - [A device for holding shoulder fragments during the application of plaster
      casts].

PMID- 13684909
TI  - [Therapy of vascular nevi by the method of electrocoagulation and Bucky ray
      therapy].

PMID- 13684910
TI  - Postmortem absorption of carbon monoxide in rats.

PMID- 13684911
TI  - Immunologic reactions in psoriasis.

PMID- 13684912
TI  - [Glioma of the splenium].

PMID- 13684913
TI  - [Retro-olivary malacia as a complication of vertebral angiography].

PMID- 13684914
TI  - [Result of the investigation of Rh factor in pregnancy and of its
      immunohematological control].

PMID- 13684915
TI  - [On the radiology of reticuloendotheliosis].

PMID- 13684916
TI  - Studies on Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 13684917
TI  - Treatment of bilharziasis by the slow method. (A method of chemotherapeutic and
      chemoprophylactic value).

PMID- 13684918
TI  - [Studies on the preventive and therapeutic effects of long-acting sulfa drugs on
      some experimental infections].

PMID- 13684919
TI  - [Microbiological studies on phenoxyethyl penicillin (Syncillin)].

PMID- 13684920
TI  - [Certain current problems in the field of endocrinology. (A review of foreign
      literature)].

PMID- 13684921
TI  - [Utilization of Soviet ion-exchange resins for purification of plant viruses].

PMID- 13684922
TI  - [Protein hydrolysates and their use in chronic diseases of the intestine].

PMID- 13684924
TI  - [Basic aspects of research activities of medical workers in Uzbekistan during
      1958-1959].

PMID- 13684923
TI  - [On the problem of interrelations between hypoproteinemia and activity of
      intestinal enzymes in chronic enterocolitis].

PMID- 13684925
TI  - [Current problems in the treatment of leukemias].

PMID- 13684926
TI  - [On nomenclature of the blood cells suggested by I. A. Kassirskii and G. A.
      Alekseev].

PMID- 13684927
TI  - Pharmacognostic study of Valeriana pyrolaefolia Decaisne.

PMID- 13684928
TI  - Phytochemical studies on the genus Crotalaria. I. A phytochemical investigation
      of the seeds of Crotalaria sericea Retz.

PMID- 13684929
TI  - [On electrophoretic changes in proteins and lipoproteins in the blood serum in
      malignant neoplasms].

PMID- 13684930
TI  - Creatine and creatinine excretion in leukemia.

PMID- 13684931
TI  - [Clinical significance of left bundle branch block].

PMID- 13684932
TI  - [Tumors of the carotid gland].

PMID- 13684933
TI  - [Effect of interferon originating in malignant cells on experimental infection of
      the newborn hamster with polyoma virus].

PMID- 13684934
TI  - [Multiplication of rabies virus fixed on glial cells in culture and appearance of
      speccific intracytoplasmic inclusions. Application to the diagnosis of rabies].

PMID- 13684936
TI  - [Segmental or focal pulmonary resection using a retrograde technic].

PMID- 13684935
TI  - [A record sheet in reanimation].

PMID- 13684937
TI  - [On the localization of alkaline phosphatase activity of peripheral blood cells].

PMID- 13684938
TI  - [Studies on peptic ulcer].

PMID- 13684939
TI  - [Acute myocardial infarction with a negative and insufficiently manifest
      electrocardiographic picture].

PMID- 13684940
TI  - [Treatment of amblyopia with eccentric fixation].

PMID- 13684941
TI  - [Eradication of foci of infection-a deciding factor in controlling
      dermatomycoses. (Result of work of the Rostov Regional Dermato-Venereological
      Clinic)].

PMID- 13684942
TI  - [Problems of the organization of the dermatovenereological aid].

PMID- 13684943
TI  - [Abdominal hernias of the esophageal section of the diaphragm in adults].

PMID- 13684944
TI  - The clinical clerkship in medicine. Keystone of the arch of undergraduate medical
      education.

PMID- 13684945
TI  - Electrophoretic studies of blood serum proteins in guinea pigs inoculated with
      Entamoeba histolytica.

PMID- 13684946
TI  - Analysis of human leucocyte deoxyribonucleohistone by immunoelectrophoresis on
      cellulose acetate.

PMID- 13684947
TI  - [Comparative morphological data on the adaptability of skin receptors to pressure
      in normal and blind subjects].

PMID- 13684949
TI  - Sources of quasi-mono-energetic gamma radiation.

PMID- 13684948
TI  - Concentration of uranium in sea fish.

PMID- 13684950
TI  - Determination of radioiodine in milk after a nuclear accident.

PMID- 13684951
TI  - Duodenal ulceration and fibrocystic pancreas disease.

PMID- 13684952
TI  - [Cortico-subcortical functional hypoglycemia].

PMID- 13684953
TI  - [The study of serotonin in epidemic hepatitis].

PMID- 13684954
TI  - The effect of cultivating the influenza virus, strain A/T/53, in animals with
      modified reactivity.

PMID- 13684955
TI  - The role of maternal rejection in atopic eczema.

PMID- 13684956
TI  - [On the therapy of late gestoses].

PMID- 13684957
TI  - Acute anterior poliomyelitis.

PMID- 13684958
TI  - Leukokinetic studies. IV. The total blood, circulating and marginal granulocyte
      pools and the granulocyte turnover rate in normal subjects.

PMID- 13684959
TI  - Leukokinetic studies. III. The distribution of granulocytes in the blood of
      normal subjects.

PMID- 13684960
TI  - [Ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of biologically significant
      substances].

PMID- 13684961
TI  - A modified arterial filter assembly for the Melrose heart-lung machine.

PMID- 13684962
TI  - Variable atrial venting for the Melrose heart-lung machine.

PMID- 13684963
TI  - Prostate cancer: detection and cure.

PMID- 13684964
TI  - [Potassium and phosphorus in the light of modern therapy].

PMID- 13684965
TI  - [Uropepsin in diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 13684966
TI  - [Report of a case of biliary cirrhosis and hepatic hydatid cyst. Finding of a
      scolex in a hepatic vein].

PMID- 13684967
TI  - The influence of clorpactin XCB on the spread of tumors of the colon.

PMID- 13684968
TI  - Cell-division in carcinoma during radiotherapy. A criterion of response to
      treatment.

PMID- 13684969
TI  - The diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma by cytologic smears.

PMID- 13684970
TI  - Fallibility in carcinoma of the breast.

PMID- 13684971
TI  - Treatment of locally advanced carcinoma of the breast with roentgen therapy and
      simple mastectomy.

PMID- 13684973
TI  - Current utilization of tracheotomy as a therapeutic measure. A review of the
      literature and an analysis of 526 cases.

PMID- 13684972
TI  - Novobiocin-tetracycline in the treatment of ear, nose and throat infections.

PMID- 13684974
TI  - Benign tumor of the common bile duct: report of a case.

PMID- 13684975
TI  - Suggestions for dealing effectively with poultry hygiene problems.

PMID- 13684976
TI  - The early diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 13684977
TI  - Mucosal tears at the oesophagogastric junction (the Mallory-Weiss syndrome).
AB  - This is a re-appraisal of the supposedly rare Mallory-Weiss syndrome in which 11
      patients with mucosal tears at the oesophagogastric junction are described. The
      fact that these cases were collected from general hospitals within a short period
      suggests that the condition is more common than supposed and may account for a
      considerable proportion of the 20 to 25% of patients with upper gastrointestinal
      bleeding in whom no radiological abnormality can subsequently be found. Of the 11
      patients, eight presented with gastrointestinal bleeding, two with mediastinitis,
      and one without relevant symptoms. The classical history of antecedent vomiting
      before the bleeding was obtained in only four patients, its absence not excluding
      the diagnosis. The presence of a small hiatal hernia in four patients appeared to
      predispose to mucosal tears as did mucosal atrophy occurring with advancing age.
      Some experimental findings pertaining to the mechanism of the tears are
      presented.

PMID- 13684978
TI  - Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography.
AB  - This is an evaluation of percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, a technique
      of over eight years' standing, previously considered by many authorities as both
      unrewarding and dangerous. The value and risks of the procedure have been
      examined in 20 patients with obstructive jaundice of uncertain origin and in one
      further patient with a post-cholecystectomy syndrome. The presence and the nature
      of extrahepatic obstructive lesions was correctly diagnosed in 10 of 11 patients
      shown to have this cause for jaundice. The failure to obtain cholangiograms in
      the remaining 10 patients was correctly correlated with the presence of
      intrahepatic obstructive disease due to hepatitis or primary biliary cirrhosis.
      The risks of percutaneous cholangiography seem over-rated, biliary peritonitis
      occurring in under 5% of patients submitted to the procedure.

PMID- 13684979
TI  - The mechanism of ascites formation in chronic liver disease.

PMID- 13684980
TI  - Equilibrium constant of phosphoryl transfer from adenosine triphosphate to
      galactose in the presence of galactokinase.

PMID- 13684982
TI  - Equilibrium constants of phosphoryl transfer from C-1 to C-6 of alpha-D-glucose 1
      phosphate and from glucose 6-phosphate to water.

PMID- 13684981
TI  - Nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase of pig-liver nuclei. The effects
      of nicotinamide mononucleotide concentration and pH on dinucleotide synthesis.

PMID- 13684983
TI  - Synthesis of nicotinic acid nucleotides.

PMID- 13684984
TI  - Medical and neurological management of the patient with cerebral vascular
      accident.

PMID- 13684986
TI  - The role of the general practitioner on the hospital staff.

PMID- 13684985
TI  - Paired-associate learning by schizophrenic and normal subjects under conditions
      of personal and impersonal reward and punishment.

PMID- 13684988
TI  - [On classifications of cancer of the body of the uterus].

PMID- 13684987
TI  - The development of ophthalmic anesthesia.

PMID- 13684989
TI  - [On obesity in pregnancy].

PMID- 13684990
TI  - [Current experience with a new hyoglycemic drug (DBI)].

PMID- 13684991
TI  - Acute gynaecological and obstetrical emergencies.

PMID- 13684992
TI  - [Clinical endocrinology and the endocrinological laboratory].

PMID- 13684993
TI  - [Experimental studies on an alcoholic whooping cough vaccine].

PMID- 13684994
TI  - [Effect of closing and opening of the eyes on epileptic activity of the brain].

PMID- 13684996
TI  - [Gout-its pathogenesis, clinical picture and treatment].

PMID- 13684995
TI  - [Cardiovascular complications during treatment with Tofranil (imipramine)].

PMID- 13684997
TI  - Electrocardiographic studies in the Macaca mulatta monkey.

PMID- 13684998
TI  - Resection of descending thoracic aorta and replacement while maintaining a
      continuous blood flow.

PMID- 13685000
TI  - [Contemporaneous cesarean section].

PMID- 13684999
TI  - Exfoliative cytology in solitary peripheral lesions of the lungs.

PMID- 13685001
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of cranio-dento-facial disharmony; use of
      roentgenographic cephalometry.

PMID- 13685002
TI  - Nasoalveolar cyst.

PMID- 13685003
TI  - Removal of sutures following oral surgery.

PMID- 13685004
TI  - Compound comminuted fracture of the mandible; report of a case.

PMID- 13685005
TI  - Interpersonal decision making: the resolution of a dyadic conflict.

PMID- 13685006
TI  - Nonchromaffin-staining functional tumor of the organs of Zuckerkandl.

PMID- 13685007
TI  - [Considerations on the trophic disorders and degenerescence of cicatrices].

PMID- 13685008
TI  - Congenital absence of the penis; a report of a case with congenital concealed
      penile agenesis and congenital absence of the left kidney and ureter.

PMID- 13685009
TI  - [Breathing and the breathing process. I. The physical properties of the lung].

PMID- 13685010
TI  - [Respiration and the breathing process. 2. The breathing process].

PMID- 13685011
TI  - [Respiration and the process of breathing. 3. The effects of the breathing
      mechanism on gas exchange and pulmonary circulation].

PMID- 13685012
TI  - Validity of histochemical methods for selective precipitation of pituitary
      glycoprotein hormones.

PMID- 13685013
TI  - Embolism to the lungs by trophoblast.

PMID- 13685014
TI  - Accidental poisoning with benzene hexachloride.

PMID- 13685015
TI  - Observations of the steady state of lactic dehydrogenase activity across the
      human placental membrane.

PMID- 13685017
TI  - Superior mesenteric artery embolectomy.

PMID- 13685016
TI  - Sickling of erythrocytes in a patient with thalassemia-hemoglobin-I disease.

PMID- 13685018
TI  - Hemoglobin electrophoresis.

PMID- 13685019
TI  - [Hospital treatment in Cagliari in the late Middle Ages: apropos of 2 unknown
      hospitals, that of S. Lazzaro and that of the Cavalieri Ospitalieri di S.
      Giovanni di Gerusalemme].

PMID- 13685020
TI  - [Trial of a new anticholinergic in the therapy of vomiting in infants].

PMID- 13685021
TI  - [An example of socio-biometric difference].

PMID- 13685022
TI  - [On some clinical and anatomical patterns of chronic cor pulmonale].

PMID- 13685024
TI  - [Chromosome anomalies].

PMID- 13685023
TI  - [Daily count of Celtis australis L. pollen grains in Nimes in 1960].

PMID- 13685025
TI  - [Campimetry and perimetry in current practice].

PMID- 13685026
TI  - [The Masters-Allen syndrome].

PMID- 13685027
TI  - [A case of obliterating arteritis with radiological aspect of arteriovenous
      anastomoses localized in the tibiotarsal region].

PMID- 13685028
TI  - [Apropos of 2 cases of pancytopenia in the course of the treatment with
      misulban].

PMID- 13685029
TI  - [Meningitis and septicemia caused by "Listeria monocytogenes"].

PMID- 13685030
TI  - [Stabilization of renal amylosis after medical and surgical treatment].

PMID- 13685031
TI  - [Apropos of a case of voluntary digitalis poisoning in a healthy heart].

PMID- 13685033
TI  - [Apropos of a case of nephrocalcinosis].

PMID- 13685032
TI  - [Apropos of a case of calcified epithelioma of the kidney].

PMID- 13685034
TI  - [On a case of thrombosis of the corpus cavernosum in a patient with gout
      receiving 3 intravenous injections per week of 50 mgs of heparin].

PMID- 13685035
TI  - [Hodgkin's disease or malignant reticulopathy: a case of isolated initial renal
      tumoral localization].

PMID- 13685036
TI  - [Essential hyperlipemia, Xanthomatosis, diabetes].

PMID- 13685037
TI  - [Infectious diseases in 1960].

PMID- 13685038
TI  - [On some new ideas on the subject of diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 13685039
TI  - [The new methods of treatment of diabetes].

PMID- 13685040
TI  - [Poisonings by hydrocyanic acid and its derivatives; their emergency treatment].

PMID- 13685041
TI  - [Preliminary notes on the treatment of serious psychological disorders in young
      children by placement in foster families].

PMID- 13685042
TI  - [Relations between the therapist and the teacher in a boarding school].

PMID- 13685043
TI  - Kwashiorkor.

PMID- 13685044
TI  - [Critical analysis on the semeiology of auditory disorders in relation to lesions
      of the central nervous system].

PMID- 13685045
TI  - [The vestibular endobuccal incision in surgery of the nasal pyramid].

PMID- 13685046
TI  - [Positional nystagmus].

PMID- 13685047
TI  - Sister-nurses in the Civil War.

PMID- 13685048
TI  - [Statistics and commentaries on cases of sterilization performed during 5 years
      in the Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics of the Centre Hospitalier
      d'Argenteuil].

PMID- 13685049
TI  - The problem of primary ovarian malignancy.

PMID- 13685050
TI  - [Malignant tumors of the breast].

PMID- 13685051
TI  - [Endocardial fibroelastosis (E.F.E.) Essay on the current knowledge of this heart
      disease. The most recent ideas on the etiology. Symptomatology. Diagnosis and
      treatment].

PMID- 13685052
TI  - A study of the lipid content of Trichophyton mentagrophytes.

PMID- 13685053
TI  - [Pulsating exophthalmos in a patient with 2 intracranial aneurysms].

PMID- 13685054
TI  - [Apropos of epilepsy. Pathogenic concept. Electronic properties of organic
      matter. 1st attempt at treatment of epilepsy applied with success as a result of
      these properties].

PMID- 13685055
TI  - [Enzyme and anti-enzyme development curves as indicators for the treatment and
      control of malignant diseases].

PMID- 13685056
TI  - [M wave deformities of the ballistocardiogram].

PMID- 13685057
TI  - [Choice of anticoagulant for the sampling of the blood for determination of
      fibrinemia, Rapid method of determination].

PMID- 13685058
TI  - [Chromatographic studies of amino acids and soluble azotized substances in flours
      made from grain and leguminous plants].

PMID- 13685059
TI  - [Some severe intoxications caused by new psychotropic drugs].

PMID- 13685060
TI  - [Ocular complications of rickettsioses in Sarthe].

PMID- 13685061
TI  - [Segmental atrophy of the iris after the Hummelsheim-O'Connor operation].

PMID- 13685062
TI  - [Syndromes of thirst...and Saharan grandeur].

PMID- 13685064
TI  - [Inhibition of the respiratory adaptation of yeast by structural analogues of the
      pyrimidines].

PMID- 13685063
TI  - [Specific antagonisms among structural analogues of pyrimidines and
      oligosaccharide cofactors in the respiratory adaptation of yeasts].

PMID- 13685065
TI  - [On the biochemical nature of the anti-Gm activity of certain normal human serums
      (factors permitting the determination of the serum groups of gamma-globulins)].

PMID- 13685066
TI  - [Serological estimation of hypogammaglobulinemia].

PMID- 13685067
TI  - [Biology of complement].

PMID- 13685068
TI  - [Construction of a heated bacteriological room maintained at 38 degrees
      centigrade in the sanatorium "Rhone-Azur"].

PMID- 13685070
TI  - [A new method for measurement of the sensitivity of tubercle bacilli to
      antibiotics (the serum method)].

PMID- 13685069
TI  - [Construction of a heated bacteriological room maintained at 38 degrees
      centrigrade in the sanatorium "Rhone-Azur"].

PMID- 13685071
TI  - [Explanation of a method of measuring the sensitivity of tubercle bacilli to
      antibiotics present in the blood of patients].

PMID- 13685072
TI  - The psychophysiologic sequelae of head injuries.

PMID- 13685073
TI  - Sensitivity of the Drosophila testis to the mutagenic action of mustard gas.

PMID- 13685074
TI  - Prof. G. BONNIER.

PMID- 13685075
TI  - [Medical care of the aged].

PMID- 13685076
TI  - Geographic variation in incidence of skin cancer in the United States.

PMID- 13685077
TI  - A spectrophotometric method for the assay of glycobiarsol.

PMID- 13685078
TI  - Changes in bronchial epithelium in relation to cigarette smoking and in relation
      to lung cancer.

PMID- 13685079
TI  - Microscopic examination of bronchial epithelium in children.

PMID- 13685080
TI  - Studies on the location of the receptor sites in cutaneous axon reflexes.

PMID- 13685081
TI  - Experimental analysis of the origin of cell types in the development of the mouse
      thymus.

PMID- 13685083
TI  - Common foot problems in children.

PMID- 13685082
TI  - Genetic control of thymus lymphoid differentiation.

PMID- 13685084
TI  - The place of hypnosis in medicine.

PMID- 13685085
TI  - [The early detection of the inadequate effect of conservative chemical treatment
      in cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13685086
TI  - [On paraesthesias].

PMID- 13685087
TI  - [Preliminary critical observations on reading Pierre Teilhard de Chardin's "Le
      phenomene humain"].

PMID- 13685088
TI  - Critical evaluation of the fibrin plate method for estimating fibrinolytic
      enzymes and activators.

PMID- 13685089
TI  - [On the problem of artificial activation of the fibrinolytic system. Studies on
      spontaneously activated human plasmin on the dependence of activator formation on
      the quantity of streptokinase supplement].

PMID- 13685090
TI  - [Current status of active immunization against poliomyelitis. Problems related to
      active and inactivated vaccines. II].

PMID- 13685091
TI  - [A method for evaluation of acute plasma volume changes].

PMID- 13685092
TI  - [On the problem of antibody formation against poliomyelitis in small children.
      Studies on the effect of an adjuvant vaccine with antigen components against
      poliomyelitis, diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus].

PMID- 13685093
TI  - [On the problem of the risk of transmission of hepatitis by human gamma globulin
      fractionated by a neutral salt].

PMID- 13685094
TI  - [Experiences with the before and after poliomyelitis vaccination in Langenlois,
      Lower Austria].

PMID- 13685095
TI  - [Heat-inactivated plasma protein solutions].

PMID- 13685096
TI  - [On the problem of permeation of lipoproteins within compartamental limitations].

PMID- 13685097
TI  - [Possibilities of the electrophoretic and sedimentation-analytic characterization
      of paraproteins].

PMID- 13685098
TI  - [Trends in the field of poliomyelitis prevention].

PMID- 13685099
TI  - [Medullary compression caused by Paget's disease of the spine].

PMID- 13685100
TI  - Radiochromium in the estimation of survival of red blood cells. Review of the
      literature.

PMID- 13685101
TI  - [Experiences with an orally administered therapeutic agent in hemorrhoids
      (Varemoid)].

PMID- 13685102
TI  - Depressed fracture of lateral tibial plateau.

PMID- 13685103
TI  - Fracture of the lateral tibia plateau.

PMID- 13685104
TI  - Fracture of the month. No. 4. Tibia and fibula.

PMID- 13685105
TI  - Fracture of the talus.

PMID- 13685106
TI  - Management of a subcapital fracture and a shaft fracture in the same femur.

PMID- 13685107
TI  - Nonunion of humerus.

PMID- 13685109
TI  - Osteoarthritis of the hip.

PMID- 13685108
TI  - Open fracture--dislocation of the ankle.

PMID- 13685110
TI  - Subtrochanteric fracture in a patient with Paget's disease.

PMID- 13685111
TI  - Subtrochanteric fracture of femur.

PMID- 13685112
TI  - Tibia and fibula.

PMID- 13685113
TI  - Trimalleolar fracture dislocation.

PMID- 13685114
TI  - Trimalleolar fracture of ankle.

PMID- 13685115
TI  - Psycho-analysis and consciousness.

PMID- 13685116
TI  - Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy in association with pulmonary metastases from
      extrathoracic malignancies.

PMID- 13685117
TI  - [Apropos of 27 gorings by cattle horns observed in Tamatave].

PMID- 13685118
TI  - Birth weight disparity.

PMID- 13685119
TI  - [Difficulties and improvements of the serological method applied to the study of
      plant viruses].

PMID- 13685120
TI  - A new rapid method for detecting the Du factor.

PMID- 13685121
TI  - Stereospecificity of rat-liver Delta 4-3-ketosteroid reductases for d
      aldosterone.

PMID- 13685122
TI  - [Radiological examination of the afferent loop. Technic and value].

PMID- 13685124
TI  - [Ectasia of the transverse colon during the course of a fulminating form of
      hemorrhagic rectocolitis].

PMID- 13685123
TI  - [Rectal hemorrhage caused by the thermometer].

PMID- 13685125
TI  - [Complications of catheterization of the esophagus using heavy sounds].

PMID- 13685126
TI  - [Tuberculous internal biliary fistula in a young Algerian Moslem].

PMID- 13685127
TI  - [Caustic stenosis of the esophagus treated by esogastrostomy. 3 cases].

PMID- 13685128
TI  - [Results of the treatment of the dumping syndrome by duodenal transplantation of
      the efferent loop].

PMID- 13685129
TI  - [Gastroscopy of the operated stomach].

PMID- 13685130
TI  - [On the maturation process of nucleated erythrocytes. Phosphate distribution and
      nucleic acid content].

PMID- 13685132
TI  - Turnover rate of plasma aryl esterase.

PMID- 13685131
TI  - [On the maturation process of nucleated erythrocytes. Morphology, dimensions,
      water and hemoglobin content].

PMID- 13685133
TI  - A genetically determined enzyme in the pig.

PMID- 13685134
TI  - The esterase activity of dog's colostrum.

PMID- 13685135
TI  - [Evaluation of operative risk. Study of 2500 cases].

PMID- 13685136
TI  - [The behavior of a tracheostoma and the frequency of carriers of tracheotomy
      tubes following laryngectomy].

PMID- 13685137
TI  - [Cardiac contraindications in gynecological operations].

PMID- 13685138
TI  - [Rehabilitation of the physically incapacitated: public health problems].

PMID- 13685139
TI  - [Public health and great housing developments].

PMID- 13685140
TI  - Renal handling of potassium studied by ordinary and modified stop flow technique.

PMID- 13685141
TI  - Renal oxygen tension.

PMID- 13685142
TI  - An experimental study on the connection between lower aortic surgery and acute
      renal failure.

PMID- 13685143
TI  - [Place of the "preventorium" in relation to the development of phthisiology and
      the antitubercular campaign].

PMID- 13685144
TI  - [Are heterozygotes for hereditary congenital deafness recognizable by their
      hearing function?].

PMID- 13685145
TI  - Problems of the physical environment.

PMID- 13685146
TI  - Poliomyelitis in children. Experience with 956 cases in the 1955 Massachusetts
      epidemic.

PMID- 13685147
TI  - Responsiveness and resuscitation of the newborn. The use of the Apgar score.

PMID- 13685148
TI  - Caspar Friedrich Wolff and his 'Theoria generationis', 1759.

PMID- 13685149
TI  - [Gastroduodenal ulcer in adolescence. (Clinical contribution)].

PMID- 13685150
TI  - [Postoperative intestinal occlusions. (Clinical contribution)].

PMID- 13685151
TI  - [On the behavior of some enzymatic activities in neoplastic tissues (glutamic
      oxalacetic transaminases, glutamic-pyruvic transaminases, aldolase, lactic
      hydrogenase and malic dehydrogenase). II. Neoplasms of the digestive tract].

PMID- 13685153
TI  - [Contribution to the study of so-called giant cell tumors of the tendon sheath].

PMID- 13685152
TI  - [Considerations on the effects of hypothermia on protein metabolism in the dog].

PMID- 13685154
TI  - [The action of anticoagulants on the process of formation and consolidation of
      osseous callus].

PMID- 13685155
TI  - [Rupture of the thoracic esophagus in a severe multiple trauma patient. Recovery
      without sequelae].

PMID- 13685156
TI  - [The frequency of ambulatory services for patients in the 2d Orthopedic Clinic
      and its comparison with other statistics].

PMID- 13685157
TI  - [Tumors of the locomotor organs of ligamentous origin].

PMID- 13685158
TI  - Effect of vasopressin on sodium transfer by rat colon in vitro.

PMID- 13685159
TI  - Facilitation technics used to relieve contractures in a rheumatoid arthritis
      patient.

PMID- 13685160
TI  - Osteoarthritis of the first carpo-metacarpal joint. A new operative method of
      treatment.

PMID- 13685161
TI  - [Superficial and deep granuloma].

PMID- 13685162
TI  - [Etiological study of 31 cases of diarrhea in newborn infants].

PMID- 13685163
TI  - [Relation between the content of sialic acid and the PAS reaction in some serous
      glands].

PMID- 13685164
TI  - Content of sialic acid in serous glands of equines.

PMID- 13685165
TI  - [Factors of ocular tonus in a subject with pulsating exophthalmos].

PMID- 13685166
TI  - [Insulin and the secretion of aqueous humor].

PMID- 13685167
TI  - [The secretion of aqueous humor in eyes with senile cataract].

PMID- 13685168
TI  - [On the capacity of the vitreous to determine modifications of the
      electrophoretic tracing of soluble proteins of the crystalline lens].

PMID- 13685169
TI  - [On the presence of a soluble glycoprotein in the senile vitreous body].

PMID- 13685170
TI  - [Variations of the hexosamine and glucuronic acid content in the vitreous and
      crystalline lens of animals of various ages].

PMID- 13685171
TI  - [Regional pediatric pathology: southern Italy].

PMID- 13685172
TI  - [Clinical and experimental observations on the action of cortisonic drugs and
      respectively of lipoic acid on physiological bilirubinemia of the newborn].

PMID- 13685173
TI  - The biosynthesis of nicotinic acid from tryptophan in the rat liver during
      pregnancy and foetal and neonatal life.

PMID- 13685174
TI  - [Research on the biosynthesis of nicotinic acid from tryptophan during pregnancy
      and the fetal and neonatal period. Tryptophan-pyrrolase and 3-hydroxyanthranilic
      oxidase activity of rat liver].

PMID- 13685175
TI  - [On the assimilation of alpha-alanine by Neurospora crassa].

PMID- 13685177
TI  - [Group work with youngsters performing poorly].

PMID- 13685176
TI  - Villous polyposis of the large intestine: a case report and review of the
      literature.

PMID- 13685178
TI  - [Quantitative comparison of the sensitivity in vitro to tetracycline and
      demethylchlorotetracycline of some pathogenic microorganisms].

PMID- 13685179
TI  - [Pharmacodynamic study of a new purgative drug of anthracene derivation:
      buckthorn, Rhamnus cathartica L].

PMID- 13685180
TI  - [Pharmacodynamic study of a new purgative drug of anthracene derivation:
      buckthorn, Rhamnus cathartica L].

PMID- 13685181
TI  - [Comparative study of some pharmacodynamic and physicochemical properties of 2
      thiophene derivatives, N-(2-thenyl)-acetamide and the thenylurethane of glycol
      and their benzene isosteres].

PMID- 13685182
TI  - [Influence of the isosterism of acids on the activity of their salts and esters
      having local anesthetic or analgesic properties].

PMID- 13685183
TI  - [Pharmacodynamic study of geissospermine. Principal alkaloid of Geissospermum
      laeve (Vellozo) Baillon (Apocynaceae)].

PMID- 13685184
TI  - [Pharmacodynamic study of geissospermine. Principal alkaloid of Geissospermum
      laeve (Vellozo) Baillon (Apocynaceae)].

PMID- 13685185
TI  - A new antibiotic developed in Haifa.

PMID- 13685186
TI  - [Osteoarticular localizations of Besnier-Boeck-Schaumann disease. (A tenth French
      case of Perthes-Jungling disease)].

PMID- 13685187
TI  - A practical approach to the problem of iron-deficiency anemia.

PMID- 13685188
TI  - A regional perfusion oxygenator.

PMID- 13685189
TI  - Studies in isolated perfusion chemotherapy. I. Nitrogen mustard.

PMID- 13685190
TI  - Use of blood volume determinations in open heart surgery.

PMID- 13685191
TI  - End results of isolated perfusion for squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.

PMID- 13685192
TI  - The technique of liver perfusion.

PMID- 13685193
TI  - Spontaneous pneumothorax.

PMID- 13685195
TI  - Anaphylaxis in chopped guinea pig lung. II. Enhancement of the anaphylactic
      release of histamine and slow reacting substance by certain dibasic aliphatic
      acids and inhibition by monobasic fatty acids.
AB  - The quantitative release of histamine and slow reacting substance by specific
      antigen from perfused, chopped, sensitized guinea pig lung has been used to study
      the opposing effects of monobasic and certain dibasic fatty acids on the
      anaphylactic reaction. The anaphylactic release of histamine and slow reacting
      substance is doubled by the addition of 0.5 mM of succinic or maleic acid to the
      reaction mixture, and enhancement is definite with as little as 0.05 mM of
      succinic acid. Prolonged preincubation of the tissue with the dibasic acids is
      not required, for 60 to 90 per cent of maximal enhancement is apparent when the
      antigen is added to the tissue only 10 seconds after succinic or maleic acid. The
      increased histamine release is not due to a qualitative change in the time course
      of histamine release, is not the result of increased histamine formation, and
      cannot be attributed to an effect on the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The
      enhancement seems to be due to potentiation of some step activated by the antigen
      antibody interaction and common to both the release of histamine and slow
      reacting substance. The structural configuration required for a dibasic acid to
      enhance the anaphylactic reaction in guinea pig lung is quite specific; the
      carboxyl groups should be separated by a two carbon chain, and must be free or
      fixed in the cis position. The monobasic fatty acids from valeric to dodecanoic
      inhibit the anaphylactic release of histamine, and the concentration needed to
      produce 50 per cent inhibition decreases with increasing chain length. The
      introduction of a polar group, amino or carboxyl, into the hydrocarbon residue
      diminishes or abolishes inhibitory capacity. The inhibition produced by the fatty
      acids is neither due to calcium binding nor due to prevention of effective
      antigen-antibody interaction; the fatty acids probably inhibit by acting on an
      antigen-antibody-activated step. The inhibition of the anaphylactic release of
      histamine and slow reacting substance produced by caproic or decanoic acid can be
      reversed by the enhancing effect of succinic acid, and vice versa. Thus,
      compounds normally present in mammalian tissue can greatly influence the
      intensity of the in vitro anaphylactic reaction in the guinea pig.

PMID- 13685194
TI  - Anaphylaxis in chopped guinea pig lung. I. Effect of peptidase substrates and
      inhibitors.
AB  - The quantitative release of histamine by specific antigen from perfused, chopped,
      sensitized guinea pig lung has been used to study the effect of peptidase
      substrates and inhibitors on the anaphylactic reaction. The anaphylactic release
      of histamine is prevented by chymotrypsin substrates and inhibitors but not by
      trypsin, carboxypeptidase, or leucine aminopeptidase substrates or the soybean
      trypsin inhibitor. The chymotrypsin substrates and inhibitors appear to be acting
      on an antigen-antibody-activated step because these substances fail to inhibit if
      the tissue is washed free of them prior to antigen addition, and because there is
      complete desensitization of the tissue without histamine release when the antigen
      is added in the presence of these inhibitors. The inhibitors work equally well in
      tissue from passively sensitized animals or in tissue from animals actively
      sensitized with either ovalbumin or bovine gamma globulin. These observations
      suggest that activation of a chymotrypsin-like enzyme is a necessary condition
      for the anaphylactic release of histamine in guinea pig lung.
      Diisopropylfluophosphate is inhibitory when present at the time of antigen
      addition but not when the tissue is washed free of unfixed
      diisopropylfluophosphate prior to adding antigen. This indicates that
      diisopropylfluophosphate must be acting exclusively on an enzyme which exists in
      lung tissue in a precursor form resistant to diisopropylfluophosphate until
      activated by the antigen-antibody interaction. Thiol alkylating or oxidizing
      agents also prevent the anaphylactic release of histamine, but in contrast to the
      situation with diisopropylfluophosphate and the other chymotrypsin inhibitors,
      the phase of the anaphylactic reaction inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide is available
      prior to the antigen-antibody interaction. The similarities and differences
      between immune hemolysis and anaphylaxis in chopped guinea pig lung are
      considered in detail.

PMID- 13685196
TI  - Anaphylaxis in chopped guinea pig lung. III. Effect of carbon monoxide, cyanide,
      salicylaldoxime, and ionic strength.
AB  - The anaphylactic release of histamine from perfused, chopped guinea pig lung is
      very sensitive to changes in the NaCl concentration of the containing medium, and
      it is ionic strength rather than particle concentration which is critical.
      Consequently, in studies with inhibitors care must be taken to avoid
      inadvertently increasing ionic strength and thereby misinterpreting the cause of
      the inhibition. Since immune hemolysis exhibits a similar sensitivity to changes
      in the NaCl concentration of the suspending medium, salicylaldoxime and
      phlorizin, which prevent the participation of the third component of complement
      in immune hemolysis, were investigated for their effect on the anaphylactic
      reaction. Salicylaldoxime is a potent inhibitor of in vitro anaphylaxis in guinea
      pig lung, but phlorizin is only a weak inhibitor. Potassium cyanide, 1 mM,
      inhibits the anaphylactic release of histamine most effectively if the duration
      of contact between the tissue and the cyanide prior to antigen addition is
      minimal; preincubation of the tissue with cyanide prior to antigen addition
      results in progressive diminution of inhibition even when there is only minimal
      loss of cyanide from the containing medium. The anaphylactic release of histamine
      from perfused whole lungs or suspensions of blood-free chopped lung is not
      prevented by the cytochrome oxidase inhibitor, carbon monoxide. In addition, 2
      heptyl 4 hydroxyquinoline N oxide and malonic acid, which inhibit aerobic
      metabolism at different sites, do not prevent the reaction. These studies and
      those with cyanide indicate that the anaphylactic release of histamine in guinea
      pig lung is not dependent on cytochrome-mediated aerobic metabolism.

PMID- 13685197
TI  - A clinical appraisal of the treatment of chronic duodenal ulcer by vagotomy and
      gastric drainage operation.
AB  - The authors have followed up 100 patients upon whom a vagotomy plus a drainage
      operation was performed for chronic duodenal ulceration by one of them (H.C.E.)
      at King's College Hospital during the 11-year period 1948-1958.

PMID- 13685198
TI  - Monitoring losses during isolated tumor perfusion.

PMID- 13685199
TI  - Surgical treatment of mitral stenosis by the transventricular approach with a
      mechanical dilator.

PMID- 13685200
TI  - The role of trauma in oncogenesis: a juridical consideration.

PMID- 13685201
TI  - True hermaphroditism with a report of two cases.

PMID- 13685202
TI  - Heparin treatment in a case of carcinoid tumour.

PMID- 13685203
TI  - Anomalies of fertilization leading to triploidy.

PMID- 13685204
TI  - A new system of tympanoplasty using vein graft.

PMID- 13685205
TI  - Use of physical therapy modalities in the treatment of orthopedic and neurologic
      residuals in hemophilia.

PMID- 13685206
TI  - Observations on a poliovirus variant.

PMID- 13685207
TI  - A histochemical method for sulfatase activity in hemic cells and organ imprints.

PMID- 13685208
TI  - Significance of plasma glycolipid levels in normals and in 3 disorders of brain
      glycolipids.

PMID- 13685209
TI  - Some pharmacological actions of the venom of the stonefish "Synanceja horrida".

PMID- 13685210
TI  - Quantitative changes of a human salivary bactericidin for Lactobacilli associated
      with age.

PMID- 13685211
TI  - These nursing homes stress activity.

PMID- 13685212
TI  - Treatment of methanol intoxication by hemodialysis.

PMID- 13685213
TI  - [Investigations of hemodynamics and renal hydro-saline excretion during
      leptospirosis].

PMID- 13685214
TI  - The pathogenesis of kidney damage in human leptospirosis.

PMID- 13685215
TI  - [Spina bifida. Contribution to its surgical treatment].

PMID- 13685216
TI  - The prophylactic use of antibiotics.

PMID- 13685218
TI  - Acculturative stress in modern Maori adolescence.

PMID- 13685217
TI  - The Gram stain and the etiology of lobar pneumonia, an historical note.

PMID- 13685219
TI  - Controversial issues in the management of drug addiction: legalization,
      ambulatory treatment and the British system.

PMID- 13685220
TI  - [On a new method for the determination of the alkaloid content in drugs].

PMID- 13685221
TI  - [On the reactions of emetine with diazonium salts. 7. Ipecacuanha alkaloids].

PMID- 13685223
TI  - [Dianthrones of pharmacologically important hydroxyanthraquinones].

PMID- 13685222
TI  - [Experiments on the identification of pharmaceutically useful quanternary
      nitrogen compounds].

PMID- 13685224
TI  - Plastics: uses and problems in pharmacy and medicine.

PMID- 13685225
TI  - [Early diagnosis of congenital dislocation of the hip].

PMID- 13685226
TI  - [Electromyography].

PMID- 13685227
TI  - [Surgical treatment of a ventricular septal defect; case report].

PMID- 13685228
TI  - [Artificial circulation with the aid of the heart-lung machine].

PMID- 13685229
TI  - [Protein values of foods in tropical and subtropical countries].

PMID- 13685230
TI  - Spectral sensitivity of single visual cells.

PMID- 13685231
TI  - [A case of para-aortic lymph-node metastases of an undiscovered seminoma at the
      level of the testes].

PMID- 13685232
TI  - [Portal hypertension caused by extra-hepatic blockage].

PMID- 13685233
TI  - [Portal hypertension in children. Problems of diagnosis and treatment].

PMID- 13685234
TI  - Some trends and original work in urologic surgery in France during the past three
      years.

PMID- 13685235
TI  - [Late results of reparative surgery of the ureter].

PMID- 13685236
TI  - [Unusual complications following enterocystoplasty].

PMID- 13685237
TI  - A device for determining the orientation of persons exposed to neutron and/or
      gamma-radiation.

PMID- 13685238
TI  - [Anemias caused by cancers and malignant blood diseases].

PMID- 13685239
TI  - [Radioactive vitamin B 12 in clinical biology: the B 12-labeled test].

PMID- 13685240
TI  - [The role of the virus in the etiology of congenital malformations].

PMID- 13685241
TI  - [The syndrome of hepatic cytolysis].

PMID- 13685242
TI  - [Means for the improvement of laboratory smallpox diagnosis].

PMID- 13685243
TI  - [Hygienic evaluation of meat-products after thermal processing with the aid of
      phosphatase reaction].

PMID- 13685244
TI  - [Para-nitrophenylphosphate as a substrate for the determination f microbial
      phosphatases].

PMID- 13685245
TI  - [Taeniarhynchus infestation in the Kafansk region].

PMID- 13685246
TI  - The applicability of the Hunt-Minnesota test for organic brain damage to children
      between the ages of ten and sixteen.

PMID- 13685247
TI  - [On the problem of mycerin therapy in coli-enteritis and other infectious
      gastrointestinal diseases in young children].

PMID- 13685248
TI  - [Effect of iron on the growth of virulent plague microbes].

PMID- 13685249
TI  - [Harada's disease with secondary tapeto-retinal degeneration (clinical and
      electroretinographic study)].

PMID- 13685250
TI  - [Considerations on a case of hyperthyroidism treated with radioactive iodine (I
      131) in pregnancy].

PMID- 13685251
TI  - [On the course of pregnancy and on the state of health of children of patients
      treated with radioactive iodine for hyperthyroidism].

PMID- 13685252
TI  - [The exocrine function of the pancrease studied by means of the "secretin test"
      in cholecysto-cholangiopathies].

PMID- 13685254
TI  - [On a method for tomography of the skull].

PMID- 13685253
TI  - Actual impact of congenital defect on paediatric practice in a small nation.

PMID- 13685255
TI  - [On "traumatic hemobilias"].

PMID- 13685256
TI  - [Micorbiological control of the purification mechanism of water supply pump
      stations by means of the direct count method].

PMID- 13685258
TI  - [On benign nonepithelial tumors of the stomach].

PMID- 13685257
TI  - [Pharyngo-conjunctival fever in ophthalmological practice in the Bronnits zone of
      the Moscow region].

PMID- 13685259
TI  - [Clinical investigations of the use in heart diseases of a total heart extract].

PMID- 13685260
TI  - [On the treatment of asymptomatic schizophrenia with very high doses of reserpine
      and orphenadrine].

PMID- 13685261
TI  - [Hemorrhages of the terminal digestive tract. Review of 526 cases].

PMID- 13685263
TI  - [Past and present of legal medicine in Peru].

PMID- 13685262
TI  - [Use and recording of the clinical history].

PMID- 13685264
TI  - [Professor Ernesto PRADO TAGLE].

PMID- 13685265
TI  - [Brucellosis in children, in the southern part of the province of Mendoza,
      General Alvear and its vicinity].

PMID- 13685266
TI  - [Changes in the value of maximum permissible oversaturation of the body with
      nitrogen in multiple repeated experiments].

PMID- 13685267
TI  - Rubella ten days after conception.

PMID- 13685268
TI  - [On K. N. Zhmakin's article, "Basic principles in the treatment of inflammatory
      diseases of the female genitalia"].

PMID- 13685269
TI  - Relation of the hypothalamus to anterior pituitary thyrotropin secretion.

PMID- 13685270
TI  - The biological effects of ionizing radiation.

PMID- 13685271
TI  - The course of bronchiectasis in childhood.

PMID- 13685272
TI  - Recent increase in mortality from hyaline membrane disease.

PMID- 13685273
TI  - [Soft concretions of the urinary tract (considerations on 6 cases)].

PMID- 13685274
TI  - [Tangential graft for the determination of the site of the paracentral fixing
      part of the retina in amblyopia].

PMID- 13685275
TI  - [Cytochemical investigation of nucleinic acids in human bone marrow in normal and
      pathological conditions].

PMID- 13685276
TI  - [Oxygen consumption and potassium content of lysates of human erythrocytes].

PMID- 13685277
TI  - [Enzymatic production in human plasma of a factor inducing sphericity in
      erythrocytes, caused by Vipera palestinae venom].

PMID- 13685278
TI  - A study of the effect of particle-bound gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase on the
      product of interaction of fluoropyruvate with glutathione.

PMID- 13685279
TI  - The contribution of the bronchial circulation to the venous admixture in
      pulmonary venous blood.

PMID- 13685280
TI  - Nervous influences on the pulmonary circulation: increased intracranial pressure,
      veratridine and bretylium.

PMID- 13685281
TI  - Pharmacology of pulmonary circulation, with special reference to drug therapy of
      pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary edema.

PMID- 13685282
TI  - Sympathetic nerve blocking drugs for the treatment of hypertension. TM-10, beta
      TM-10, bretylium and guanethidine.

PMID- 13685283
TI  - [Operative treatment of fibroma of the large intestine in children].

PMID- 13685284
TI  - Galacto-dialdose production with an enzyme from the mold Polyporus circinatus.

PMID- 13685285
TI  - Selective determination of sugars manifesting enediol isomerism by means of
      reaction with tetrazolium.

PMID- 13685286
TI  - Studies of cholesterol biosynthesis. I. The identification of desmosterol in
      serum and tissues of animals and man treated with MER-29.

PMID- 13685287
TI  - [Clinical classification of cerebral palsy syndromes in children].

PMID- 13685289
TI  - Psoriatic arthritis: a roentgenologic study.

PMID- 13685288
TI  - [Diverticulosis of the jejuno-ileum].

PMID- 13685290
TI  - [Blood sugar variations with dexamethasone in rheumatic patients].

PMID- 13685291
TI  - The significance of the angle of the mandible: an experimental and comparative
      study.

PMID- 13685292
TI  - A plastic model for the study of pressure changes in the circle of Willis and
      major cerebral arteries following arterial occlusion.

PMID- 13685293
TI  - Exposure of middle cerebral aneurysm after the use of urea.

PMID- 13685294
TI  - [On lipid changes of the serum in the course of essential arterial hypertension].

PMID- 13685295
TI  - [Aspects of lipid metabolism in the aged].

PMID- 13685296
TI  - [Results of the treatment of chronic hyperthyroidism with methylmercaptoimidazole
      preparations].

PMID- 13685297
TI  - [Studies on the effect of neurotropic substances caffeine-sodium benzoate,
      luminal sodium, acetylcholine and atropine on anti-anemic intrinsic factor].

PMID- 13685298
TI  - Light inactivation of photophosphorylation by swiss-chard chloroplasts.

PMID- 13685299
TI  - The inhibition of photoreactions of chloroplasts by 2-alkyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N
      oxides.

PMID- 13685300
TI  - [Report on sickness insurance for seamen in France].

PMID- 13685302
TI  - [On the biological action of high energy radiations].

PMID- 13685301
TI  - [Characteristics of "polyavid" strains of influenza viruses A2 isolated in Rostov
      on-Don].

PMID- 13685303
TI  - [Comparison of portal and intrasplenic pressure in experimental conditions].

PMID- 13685304
TI  - [Notes on the history of control of infectious diseases in the Mongol People's
      Republic].

PMID- 13685305
TI  - [Planimetric rulers for the quantitative evaluation of atherosclerotic vascular
      lesions].

PMID- 13685306
TI  - [Patho-anatomical characteristics of influenza in adults. (According to 1959
      material)].

PMID- 13685307
TI  - The cytological effect of chemicals on tumors. XI. Effects of thio-TEPA and
      actinomycin-C on normal and neoplastic cells in vitro.

PMID- 13685308
TI  - [Electrophoretic examination of serum proteins in alimentary edema in Egyptian
      children].

PMID- 13685309
TI  - Studies on epizootic lymphangitis in the Sudan.

PMID- 13685310
TI  - Electrochemical determination of the oxygen content of blood.

PMID- 13685311
TI  - [Studies on the relation between pulmonary tuberculosis, hemoptysis and
      adrenocortical function. I. On the adrenocortical function of patients with
      pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13685312
TI  - [Studies on the relation between tuberculosis patients and their hemoptysis and
      adrenocortical function. 2. Especially the adrenocortical function of pulmonary
      tuberculosis patients during hemoptysis].

PMID- 13685313
TI  - [Treatment of amblyopia with the euthyscope].

PMID- 13685314
TI  - [A case of astrocytoma in the Foramen Monroi].

PMID- 13685315
TI  - [The discovery of the stereo isomers 9-(2'-hydroxypropyl)-9-desoxyberberine and 9
      (2'-hydroxypropyl)-16,17-dihydro-9-desoxyberberine including a study on the
      reduction action of lithium aluminum hydride, lithium boron hydride and sodium
      boron hydride in various solvents].

PMID- 13685317
TI  - [On the identification of papaverine by means of the coralyn reaction. Study on
      the action of some papaverine analogues and experiments on the preparation of
      hexadehydro-berbine from papaverine modified products and papaverine analogues.
      14. On berbine derivatives].

PMID- 13685316
TI  - [Studies on tablets].

PMID- 13685318
TI  - [On a study of the stabilization of vitamin A in solution (An analysis of
      pyrazolone derivatives as "protective" substances)].

PMID- 13685319
TI  - [The effect of oxidation agents on 4-dimethylamino-1-phenyl-2,3-dimethyl-5
      pyrazolone. Splitting of dimethylamine as 1st step in the effect of oxidation
      agents on 4-dimethylpyrazolone of the pyramidon type and characterization of the
      1st transformation product].

PMID- 13685320
TI  - [Coralydine composition and Hofmann decomposition. Corydaline, synthesis from
      palmatine by recent methods].

PMID- 13685321
TI  - Adeno-carcinoma of the ascending colon and hepatic flexure.

PMID- 13685322
TI  - Intussusception due to adenomatous polyp of the large intestine.

PMID- 13685323
TI  - Means of communication within the nursing profession and with other professions
      and occupational groups.

PMID- 13685324
TI  - The effect of TWSb on the electrocardiogram of children suffering from urinary
      bilharziasis.

PMID- 13685325
TI  - Electrocardiographic changes in acute glomerulo-nephritis.

PMID- 13685326
TI  - Hereditary anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Review of literature and report of
      two cases.

PMID- 13685327
TI  - Review of literature and report of two cases with unusual manifestations.

PMID- 13685328
TI  - The uptake of radioactive potassium by red cells in various thyroid states.

PMID- 13685329
TI  - The secretion of radio-iodine by the human salivary galnds.

PMID- 13685330
TI  - Autonomic responses to sleep deprivation.

PMID- 13685331
TI  - Computers and psychophysiology in medical diagnosis.

PMID- 13685332
TI  - Effects of pantothenic acid, pyridoxine and thiamine deficiencies upon antibody
      formation to influenza virus PR-8 in rats.

PMID- 13685333
TI  - Iatrogenic hematological disorders.

PMID- 13685334
TI  - Increased rate of metabolism of epinephrine and norepinephrine by sympathomimetic
      amines.

PMID- 13685335
TI  - Purification and properties of hydroxyindole-O-methyl transferase.

PMID- 13685336
TI  - Studies on the metabolism of catecholamines.

PMID- 13685337
TI  - Effect of psychotropic drugs on the uptake of H3-norepinephrine by tissues.
AB  - Reserpine, amphetamine, imipramine, and chlorpromazine markedly reduced the
      uptake of circulating H(3)-norepinephrine by several tissues and elevated the
      plasma concentration of the H(3)-catecholamine.

PMID- 13685338
TI  - Enzymatic conversion of metanephrine to normetanephrine.

PMID- 13685339
TI  - Enzymatic formation of psychotomimetic metabolites from normally occurring
      compounds.
AB  - An enzyme has been found that N-methylates serotonin and tryptamine to
      psychotomimetic metabolites, bufotenine and N,N-dimethyltryptamine. This enzyme
      is highly localized in the rabbit lung and also N-methylates phenylethylamine
      derivatives such as tyramine, phenylethylamine , mescaline, and dopamine.

PMID- 13685340
TI  - N-Methyladrenaline, a new catecholamine in the adrenal gland.

PMID- 13685341
TI  - Transmethylation of 2-hydroxyestrogens by human tissue.

PMID- 13685342
TI  - The conversion of 2-hydroxyestradiol-17 beta to 2-hydroxy and 2-methoxy
      metabolites in human urine.

PMID- 13685343
TI  - Blood as a site for the conversion of the steroid hormones.

PMID- 13685344
TI  - In vitro transmethylation of 2-hydroxyestradiol-17 beta to 2-methoxyestradiol-17
      alpha-2-methyl-C14.

PMID- 13685345
TI  - Attitudes toward old people: an empirical analysis of the stimulus-group validity
      of the Tuckman-Lorge questionnaire.

PMID- 13685346
TI  - The evaluation of Old Age Assistance medical care programs.

PMID- 13685347
TI  - [Legal security in administrative deprivation of liberty - a reply].

PMID- 13685348
TI  - [Concerning legal security in cases of administrative deprivation of liberty].

PMID- 13685349
TI  - The inhibitory action of adrenaline on intestinal smooth muscle in relation to
      its action on phosphorylase activity.

PMID- 13685350
TI  - Metabolic factors affecting the electrical activity of intestinal smooth muscle.

PMID- 13685351
TI  - [Sulfadimethoxime. Its dermatologic use].

PMID- 13685352
TI  - [The surgical treatment of chronic roentgen ulcers].

PMID- 13685353
TI  - Traumatic rupture of the bladder and posterior urethra.

PMID- 13685354
TI  - [Peptic ulcer of the greater curvature of the stomach with penetration into the
      anterior abdominal wall (case report)].

PMID- 13685355
TI  - [On the possibilities of using "peanut hard fat" as an ointment base].

PMID- 13685356
TI  - [Neuro-activations of general paralysis under penicillin therapy].

PMID- 13685357
TI  - [Cortico-visceral theory of the pathogenesis of ulcerous disease].

PMID- 13685358
TI  - Hemodynamics of circle of Willis in the dog.

PMID- 13685359
TI  - Subtemporal approach to the basilar artery in the dog.

PMID- 13685360
TI  - Study of the EEG convulsant activity of pentylenetetrazol injected arterially
      into restricted areas of the rabbit brain.

PMID- 13685361
TI  - [The laboratory for studying the internal environment in the general hospital].

PMID- 13685362
TI  - [Esophagogastric fibroleiomyomas].

PMID- 13685363
TI  - [Hemangioendothelioma of the liver].

PMID- 13685364
TI  - A critique of antidepressants.

PMID- 13685365
TI  - A survey of drug-induced extrapyramidal reactions.

PMID- 13685366
TI  - Methohexital (Brevital): a new anesthetic for electroconvulsive therapy.

PMID- 13685367
TI  - Phenothiazine tranquilizers: eight years of development.

PMID- 13685368
TI  - Suicide, a hazard in depression.

PMID- 13685369
TI  - Toxic somatic and psychopathologic reactions to antidepressant drugs.

PMID- 13685370
TI  - Clinical and experimental studies with a new progestogen--dimethisterone.

PMID- 13685371
TI  - Specificity of the vitamin B12 requirement in certain marine bacteria.

PMID- 13685372
TI  - [2 cases of death caused by medication].

PMID- 13685373
TI  - The place of food science and technology in the campaign against malnutrition:
      chairman's opening remarks.

PMID- 13685374
TI  - Diffuse ulcerative colitis and its treatment by ileo-rectal anastomosis.

PMID- 13685375
TI  - Nursing routines: masters or servants?

PMID- 13685376
TI  - A directive or a permissive approach?

PMID- 13685378
TI  - Scholarships for students in collegiate programs.

PMID- 13685377
TI  - The place of food science and technology in the campaign against malnutrition.
      Some African problems.

PMID- 13685379
TI  - [The chemotherapy of schizophrenia].

PMID- 13685380
TI  - [Action of detergents on an isolated human beta-lipoprotein: study of the
      extractibility of lipids].

PMID- 13685381
TI  - Carcinoma in situ in pregnancy.

PMID- 13685382
TI  - Development of the body scheme in children.

PMID- 13685384
TI  - Clinical hypnosis: history, technique, characteristics.

PMID- 13685383
TI  - Occupational therapy for motor disorders resulting from impairment of the central
      nervous system.

PMID- 13685385
TI  - Care of the large monkey colony.

PMID- 13685386
TI  - Aldosterone excretion and potassium retention in subjects living at high
      altitude.

PMID- 13685387
TI  - Dermal changes following application of chemical cauterants to aging skin.
      Superficial chemosurgery.

PMID- 13685388
TI  - Demodectic eruptions (demodicidosis) in the human. 30 years' experience with 2
      commonly unrecognized entities: pityriasis folliculorum (Demodex) and acne
      rosacea (Demodex type).

PMID- 13685389
TI  - Treatment of superficial fungous infections. Value and limitations of systemic
      administration of griseofulvin.
AB  - Comprehensive studies and numerous clinical reports have shown that griseofulvin
      orally in a dose of 1 gm. daily is an effective treatment for superficial fungous
      infections of the skin, hair and nails. The drug is not effective against yeast
      infections (moniliasis), bacterial infections or most of the deep fungous
      infections. Duration of treatment varies with the site of infection, glabrous
      skin, crotch and scalp responding within four to five weeks. Infections of palms,
      soles and nails require a considerably longer time, palms healing more quickly
      than soles and fingernails more quickly than toenails, which may require up to a
      year of continuous treatment. Auxiliary measures such as clipping hair, removing
      infected nail tissue and topical fungicides shorten the duration of treatment. No
      serious side effects have been reported. Minor discomforts such as headaches and
      mild rashes occur in some cases. Observations of a series of 49 patients with
      superficial fungous infections, especially hand, foot and nail infections due to
      Trichophyton rubrum, confirmed these reports taken from the literature. Attempts
      to use a reduced dosage schedule did not prove satisfactory.

PMID- 13685390
TI  - Effect of intravenous administration of crystalline pancreatic desoxyribonuclease
      in patients with gout.

PMID- 13685392
TI  - [Plastic induration of the corpus cavernosum. Contribution to its case reports.
      Histology].

PMID- 13685391
TI  - Granuloma venereum. A statistical study of 50 cases.

PMID- 13685393
TI  - [Praise and criticism of the conservative attitude in renal surgery].

PMID- 13685394
TI  - Skeletal sclerosis due to chronic fluoride intoxication. Cases from an endemic
      area of fluorosis in the region of the Persian Gulf.

PMID- 13685395
TI  - First report of a focus of schistosomiasis in Lebanon.

PMID- 13685396
TI  - [On the problem of "inoculation" hepatitis].

PMID- 13685397
TI  - The resistances of conalbumin and its iron complex to physical and chemical
      treatments.

PMID- 13685398
TI  - [Effect of optic isomers of cycloserine on the activity of various
      aminopherases].

PMID- 13685399
TI  - Effect of noradrenaline on the action of nicotine and tyramine on isolated atria.
AB  - Both nicotine (in the presence of atropine) and tyramine cause a rise in the rate
      of isolated rabbit atria. When noradrenaline is allowed to act on the atria for
      20 to 30 min and then removed from the bath by repeated changes of the bath
      fluid, the action of nicotine and of tyramine is greatly increased. The first
      addition of noradrenaline to the bath often has a much smaller effect on the
      response to nicotine or to tyramine than have later additions. Sometimes the
      greater effect after the addition of nicotine persists for 2 or 3 hr. When
      reserpine is added to the bath and left in contact with the atria for 1 to 2 hr,
      and is then removed from the bath, the effect of noradrenaline on the atrial rate
      is much reduced in size and duration. Bretylium abolishes the action of nicotine
      but increases the action of tyramine.

PMID- 13685400
TI  - [On the role of the spleen in blood deposition activity in circulatory
      insufficiency].

PMID- 13685401
TI  - [Treatment of male sterility].

PMID- 13685402
TI  - [Comparative study of hypothalamic neurosecretion carried out in the tadpole].

PMID- 13685403
TI  - [Intraneuronal melanin in the nervous system of the tadpole].

PMID- 13685404
TI  - [New contribution to the ontogeny of hypothalamic neurosecretion].

PMID- 13685405
TI  - [New contributions to the chronaximetric study of the facial nerve. III. Analysis
      of particular cases].

PMID- 13685406
TI  - [On a particularly amyotrophic form of diabetic neuropathy].

PMID- 13685407
TI  - [Statistical study of the variations of cholesterol bound to the beta-lipoprotein
      fraction of the blood in subjects of myocardial infarct with normal
      cholesterolemia].

PMID- 13685408
TI  - [Statistical study of the variations, according to age and sex, of the total
      cholesterol level and of the fraction contained in the beta-lipoproteins of
      normal subjects].

PMID- 13685409
TI  - [Study of the behavior of radioactive iron in hemochromatosis and alcoholic
      cirrhosis].

PMID- 13685410
TI  - [On dietetics in atherosclerosis].

PMID- 13685411
TI  - [Organization and perspectives of teaching].

PMID- 13685412
TI  - [The role of the diet in the treatment of diabetes in the light of new
      physiopathological concepts].

PMID- 13685413
TI  - [What useful measures can be taken in diabetic gangrene?].

PMID- 13685414
TI  - [Cause of the hepatic lesions in Manson's schistosomiasis in humans.
      Considerations on surgery of portal hypertension].

PMID- 13685415
TI  - [On the diagnosis of kala-azar].

PMID- 13685416
TI  - [Obstetric vacuum extraction].

PMID- 13685417
TI  - [Perforating ulcer in leprosy].

PMID- 13685418
TI  - [Study of the development of Australorbis glabratus olivaceus in relation to
      nutrition, nature of water and luminosity].

PMID- 13685419
TI  - [The use of several serological and cutaneous tests in the diagnosis of certain
      helminthiases].

PMID- 13685420
TI  - [Therapeutic test of the anthelmintic, Alcopar, in the Island of Principe].

PMID- 13685421
TI  - [Therapeutic test of the anthelmintic, dithiazanine, in the Island of Principe].

PMID- 13685422
TI  - [Growth of Glossina morsitans West. in the laboratory].

PMID- 13685423
TI  - [On the diagnosis of kala-azar].

PMID- 13685424
TI  - [On the diagnosis of kala-azar].

PMID- 13685425
TI  - [Report on the activities of the Instituto de Medicina Tropical in 1958].

PMID- 13685426
TI  - [Report on the activities of the Instituto de Medicina Tropical in 1959].

PMID- 13685427
TI  - [Conjunctival rhinosporidiosis. The 4th case observed in Brazil].

PMID- 13685428
TI  - [On the effect of remote nervous trauma on the function state of the internal
      organs (according to vital staining indices)].

PMID- 13685429
TI  - [On the nature of the progress of intraneural dystrophic processes (according to
      vital stain indices)].

PMID- 13685430
TI  - Effects of blindfolding on persons during psychologic testing. A psychometric
      study of various age groups.

PMID- 13685431
TI  - The effect of Monase in depressive states: a multi-blind pilot study.

PMID- 13685432
TI  - The effect of amphenidone (Dornwal) in anxiety states: a multi-blind study.

PMID- 13685433
TI  - The effect of R-1625 (Haloperidol) in mental syndromes: a multiblind study.

PMID- 13685434
TI  - Dynamic occupational therapy.

PMID- 13685435
TI  - Psychodynamic and psychotherapeutic problems in connection with imipramine
      (Tofranil) intake.

PMID- 13685436
TI  - The hierarchical methodological approach to psychopharmacology.

PMID- 13685437
TI  - [Hemangiomatosis of the trachea and larynx in a 2-month-old infant].

PMID- 13685438
TI  - Experience with liver needle biopsy in 700 cases.

PMID- 13685439
TI  - [Obtaining filterable forms of E. coli in favorable and unfavorable cultivation
      conditions].

PMID- 13685440
TI  - Pregnancy in the adolescent girl.

PMID- 13685441
TI  - [Contribution to the interpretation of opaque images of the hypochondrium
      obtained by pneumokidney and tomography].

PMID- 13685442
TI  - [Reversible auricular flutter-fibrillation induced by apnea].

PMID- 13685443
TI  - [Water retention in epidemic hepatitis (modifications of the "thiocyanate space"
      in its development)].

PMID- 13685445
TI  - [Epidemiology of an outbreak of brucellosis].

PMID- 13685444
TI  - [The protein aspect of the evolution of brucellosis].

PMID- 13685446
TI  - [Variations of the protein spectrum in brucellosis treated with antibiotics].

PMID- 13685448
TI  - [Intersex states].

PMID- 13685447
TI  - [Iron in brucellosis].

PMID- 13685449
TI  - [Intersexual states].

PMID- 13685450
TI  - [The intersexual states].

PMID- 13685451
TI  - [Observations on atypical course of sarcoma of the palatine tonsil].

PMID- 13685452
TI  - [On the clinical characteristics of Barre-Masson disease].

PMID- 13685453
TI  - [On the d-characteristic of polimyelitis virus].

PMID- 13685454
TI  - [Early amyloid disease secondary to a malignant primary pulmonary tuberculosis
      infection in a young adult].

PMID- 13685455
TI  - [On the clinical aspects of fungal sepsis].

PMID- 13685456
TI  - [Human rhinencephalic connections].

PMID- 13685457
TI  - [Congenital heart diseases in adults].

PMID- 13685458
TI  - [Congenital heart diseases in adults].

PMID- 13685459
TI  - Response bias in questionaire reports.

PMID- 13685460
TI  - The control of the content of conversation through reinforcement.

PMID- 13685461
TI  - Time-out from positive reinforcement.
AB  - When an organism can itself impose extinction during fixed-ratio food
      reinforcement, the duration of the extinction period is a function of the number
      of responses required for reinforcement. Typically, the subject imposes
      extinction at the start of the usual fixed-ratio run.

PMID- 13685462
TI  - [Radiotherapy of angiomas (A fractional and systematized technic)].

PMID- 13685463
TI  - Inhibition of alcoholic fermentation by sorbic acid.

PMID- 13685464
TI  - [Electroencephalography in some hereditary and/or congenital dermatoses].

PMID- 13685465
TI  - [Report on the necessity of serological examination for leptospirosis].

PMID- 13685466
TI  - Studies of cold tolerance.

PMID- 13685467
TI  - [Apnea as element of research in respiratory physiopathology, within the
      framework of pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13685468
TI  - [Hemopoietic and antitoxic action of propanoic derivativss innokberculosis].

PMID- 13685469
TI  - [Mechanical corrector for costo-diaphragmatic respiratory physiotherapy].

PMID- 13685470
TI  - [Our experience on the surgical treatment of parapneumothoracic chronic empyema].

PMID- 13685471
TI  - [Changes in development induced in some animals in the embryonic state by several
      modern antitubercular chemotherapeutic agents].

PMID- 13685472
TI  - [Behavior of the adrenal cortex in heart diseases in pregnancy].

PMID- 13685473
TI  - [Direct observation of nystagmus in complete darkness with an infrared electronic
      converter. Technical principles and clinical applications].

PMID- 13685474
TI  - [Behavior of urinary 17-ketosteroids in the development of tubercular spondylitis
      treated with vertebral clearing out].

PMID- 13685475
TI  - [Changes of beta-glucuronidase in the blood and urine of patients with osseous
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 13685476
TI  - Biochemical properties of skeletal muscle mitochondria. II. The ATPase activity
      and the albumin effect.

PMID- 13685477
TI  - Biochemical properties of skeletal muscle mitochondria. I. Oxidative
      phosphorylation.

PMID- 13685478
TI  - Studies on isolated human skeletal muscle mitochondria.

PMID- 13685479
TI  - Energetic aspects of the mitochondrial oxidation of succinate.

PMID- 13685480
TI  - Compartmentation of mitochondrial phosphorylations as disclosed by studies with
      arsenate.

PMID- 13685481
TI  - Demonstration of a requirement of high energy phosphate for the aerobic oxidation
      of succinate in liver mitochondria.

PMID- 13685482
TI  - Respiratory control and compartmentation of substrate level phosphorylation in
      liver mitochondria.

PMID- 13685483
TI  - Lesions of testes observed in certain patients with widespread choriocarcinoma
      and related tumors. The significance and genesis of hematoxylin-staining bodies
      in the human testis.

PMID- 13685484
TI  - Interposition of the colon between liver and diaphragm (Chilaidit's syndrome).

PMID- 13685485
TI  - [World population and nutrition].

PMID- 13685486
TI  - Bovine tuberculosis as an occupational risk.

PMID- 13685487
TI  - Occupational diseases of the fisherman.

PMID- 13685488
TI  - [Industrial medicine in India, Nepal, Australia, New Zealand, Indonesia, Malaya
      and Ceylon. III].

PMID- 13685489
TI  - [Industrial medicine in India, Nepal, Australia, New Zealand, Indonesia, Malaya
      and Ceylon].

PMID- 13685490
TI  - [Occupational asthma].

PMID- 13685491
TI  - [Occupational attrition diseases of the locomotor system].

PMID- 13685492
TI  - [Occupational cancer caused by amines in dye workers].

PMID- 13685493
TI  - [The influence of age on the conversion of phenacetin, p-phenetidin, N-acetyl-p
      aminophenol, p-aminophenol and aniline in the dog].

PMID- 13685494
TI  - [Surgical treatment of total epispadias].

PMID- 13685495
TI  - Some basic considerations underlying treatment policies.

PMID- 13685496
TI  - Suicide in Illinois.

PMID- 13685497
TI  - Complexes of riboflavin with silver and other metal ions.

PMID- 13685498
TI  - Radiocaesium and potassium in Norwegians.

PMID- 13685499
TI  - [Balneotherapy in Trichomonals colpitis and Trichomonas leukorrhea. (II)].

PMID- 13685500
TI  - [Results of mud therapy in gynecological diseases].

PMID- 13685501
TI  - [Vaginal balneotherapy with special reference to saline vaginal lavages].

PMID- 13685502
TI  - Management of psychologic problems in geriatric ophthalmology.

PMID- 13685503
TI  - Influence of p-dimethylaminoazobenzene (DAB) pretreatment in neonatal stage on
      the DAB hepatocarcinogenesis in the adult rats, with special reference to sex
      difference in the carcinogenesis.

PMID- 13685504
TI  - [Clinical studies of INH].

PMID- 13685505
TI  - [On skin disposition in infantile eczema].

PMID- 13685506
TI  - [Complexonometric methods of determination of calcium, magnesium, iron and
      phosphorus in food products and prepared food].

PMID- 13685507
TI  - [Use of complexons in clinico-laboratory practice].

PMID- 13685508
TI  - [The effect of the supplementary use of vitamins on some physiological functions
      in workers in the electrical locomotive brigade].

PMID- 13685509
TI  - [On the problem of regenerating rat parotid glands].

PMID- 13685510
TI  - [Regeneration of the parotid gland in rats].

PMID- 13685511
TI  - [Conditioned reflex activity in dogs before and after bilateral removal of the
      parietal cortex].

PMID- 13685512
TI  - [Contemporary problems of sanitary protection of the external environment].

PMID- 13685513
TI  - [On the chronic effect of microfactors in the external environment on health].

PMID- 13685515
TI  - [On the significance of the Sirotinin-Kukoverov symptom in young subjects].

PMID- 13685514
TI  - [Secretory and excretory functions of the stomach in chronic alcoholism].

PMID- 13685516
TI  - [Public health financing].

PMID- 13685517
TI  - Intestinal parasites of man in Arctic Greenland.

PMID- 13685518
TI  - Tracheosophageal fistula occurring in Pennsylvania.

PMID- 13685520
TI  - Acute appendicitis. A ten-year survey.

PMID- 13685519
TI  - [On the results of combined treatment of medulloblastoma of the cerebellum in
      children].

PMID- 13685521
TI  - Attitudes and the use of food.

PMID- 13685522
TI  - Some thoughts on being a physician.

PMID- 13685523
TI  - Transplantable renal tumor of the rat.

PMID- 13685524
TI  - [A case of benign atypical enchondroma].

PMID- 13685525
TI  - [Malignant lupo-erythemato-visceritis with a positive Widal serodiagnostic
      reaction].

PMID- 13685526
TI  - [Subacute dermatomyositis with smooth muscle involvement and osteoporosis].

PMID- 13685527
TI  - [Ventricular gradient in newborn infants].

PMID- 13685528
TI  - [Experimental retinal degeneration induced by sodium fluoride].

PMID- 13685529
TI  - [Familial amino acid metabolic disorders (alkaptonuria, phenylpyruvic
      oligophrenia. congenital cataract in the same family)].

PMID- 13685530
TI  - [The nature of tumors of the iris].

PMID- 13685531
TI  - [The use of ultrasonics in combined therapy of osteoarticular tuberculosis].

PMID- 13685532
TI  - [Use of radioactive isotopes for labeling of ticks].

PMID- 13685533
TI  - [On the problem of disorders of the body image in localization of the focus in
      the left cerebral hemisphere].

PMID- 13685534
TI  - [Features of skin capillary blood supply in patients during various periods after
      cerebral hemorrhage].

PMID- 13685535
TI  - [On the problem of disorders of sensitivity in multiple sclerosis].

PMID- 13685536
TI  - [On the problem of the pathogenesis of pseudopolymyelia].

PMID- 13685537
TI  - Hemodynamic effects of posterior pituitrin in cirrhosis.

PMID- 13685538
TI  - Two cases of reticuloendotheliosis-Letterer-Siwe syndrome.

PMID- 13685540
TI  - [70 years since the discovery of the fundamentals of serotherapy (1889-1959)].

PMID- 13685539
TI  - Studies on the helminths of nutria, Myocastor coypus (Molina), in Louisiana with
      check-list of other worm parasites from this host.

PMID- 13685541
TI  - Case fatality due to overdosage of a combination of tranylcypromine (Parnate) and
      imipramine (Tofranil).

PMID- 13685543
TI  - [Carbon monoxide poisoning].

PMID- 13685542
TI  - [Anemia in endocrine and metabolic diseases].

PMID- 13685544
TI  - [A dynamic study of oscillography in patients with mitral stenosis].

PMID- 13685545
TI  - [Studies on calcium metabolism in bone epi- and metaphysis after local roentgen
      irradiation. II].

PMID- 13685546
TI  - [The position of urology in Hungary].

PMID- 13685547
TI  - [On dynamics of the changes of the electroencephalogram during the formation of
      conditioned reflexes in man].

PMID- 13685548
TI  - [On the problem of pykno-epilepsy].

PMID- 13685549
TI  - [Remote histopathological changes in the central nervous system after total-body
      multiple roentgen-irradiation in dogs].

PMID- 13685550
TI  - [Behavior of the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in the blood
      platelets of normal subjects before and after lyophilization].

PMID- 13685551
TI  - [Glucose consumption in the blood platelets of normal subjects before and after
      lyophilization].

PMID- 13685552
TI  - [Studies on glutamic-oxalacetic and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activity in the
      liver of premature infants].

PMID- 13685553
TI  - [Study on the aldolase activity of the liver of the premature infant].

PMID- 13685554
TI  - [Morphology and enzymes of platelets in the lyophylized state].

PMID- 13685555
TI  - [Considerations on the use of xenalamine in various viral diseases in
      pediatrics].

PMID- 13685556
TI  - [Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia by free bilirubin].

PMID- 13685557
TI  - [Study on the capacity of glucuro-conjugation in the premature newborn infant.
      Evaluation of the urinary elimination of glucuronic acid after loading with
      acetyl-salicylic acid].

PMID- 13685558
TI  - [Study on the passage of fetal erythrocytes into the maternal circulation before
      and during labor by the method of acid denaturation on slide].

PMID- 13685559
TI  - [A simple graphic presentation of a proteinogram].

PMID- 13685560
TI  - [Pulmonary roentgenological manifestations of cardiac congestion].

PMID- 13685561
TI  - [A family with hemi-gigantism associated with external ophthalmoplegia and dental
      anomaly].

PMID- 13685562
TI  - [Age-connected dynamics of Klippel-Weil and Wartenberg reflexes in normal
      conditions in man].

PMID- 13685563
TI  - [On asymmetry of the plantar reflex in ontogenesis in man].

PMID- 13685564
TI  - [On the palm reflex in human ontogenesis].

PMID- 13685565
TI  - [Studies on vibration sensitivity and associated factors].

PMID- 13685566
TI  - [Studies on the mechanism of oscillation frequency discrimination with the aid of
      a model of the cochlea and skin receptor].

PMID- 13685567
TI  - Personality and verbal conditioning effects.

PMID- 13685568
TI  - [Histological condition of the nasal mucosa during and after chronic injuries].

PMID- 13685569
TI  - [Staphylococcal sepsis simulating an unusual generalized lymph node disease].

PMID- 13685570
TI  - [On the value of local therapy after tonsillectomy].

PMID- 13685571
TI  - [Tympanotomy as a diagnostic and therapeutic concept].

PMID- 13685572
TI  - [Injury and restoration of the structure of interneuron synapses after
      generalized roentgen irradiation].

PMID- 13685573
TI  - [Elective utilization of schermographic findings in the 1st and 2d decade of
      life].

PMID- 13685574
TI  - [The current value of surgical extrapleural pneumothorax].

PMID- 13685575
TI  - [Endocavitary aspiration in the functional recovery of the tuberculotic and in
      his re-entry into social and occupational activity].

PMID- 13685576
TI  - [Necessity of a revision of the current schermographic nomenclature of tubercular
      processes of the lung].

PMID- 13685577
TI  - [Schermographic observations in non-tubercular pathology of the lung].

PMID- 13685578
TI  - [Recent case of pleuropulmonary actinobacteriosis caused by Actinobacterium
      israeli cured by antibiotic therapy].

PMID- 13685579
TI  - Minority group integration in hospitals: a sample survey.

PMID- 13685581
TI  - [Raising the qualifications of scientific workers-one of the problems of the
      leading institute].

PMID- 13685580
TI  - [Change in various circulatory indices of oxidation-reduction processes during
      the use of the artificial blood circulation apparatus].

PMID- 13685582
TI  - [Achievements in medical electronics (from date of the 3d International
      Conference on Medical Electronics)].

PMID- 13685583
TI  - [The phenomenon of assimiliation of rhythm during electrical stimulation of the
      heart].

PMID- 13685584
TI  - [Some principal problems in physiology of the heart arising during a study of the
      effects of electrical stimulation].

PMID- 13685585
TI  - [Dvnamocardiograph].

PMID- 13685586
TI  - Use of a new assay in a study of serum alkaline phosphatase levels in 2000
      hospital patients.

PMID- 13685587
TI  - Opportunities for application of the scientific method in the routine clinical
      laboratory.

PMID- 13685588
TI  - A practical investment policy for the professional man.

PMID- 13685589
TI  - Studies on the metabolism of leptospirae. I. Vitamin B12 as a growth factor.

PMID- 13685590
TI  - [Isolation of the first European strain of the trachoma virus].

PMID- 13685591
TI  - Laboratory diagnosis of leptospirosis.

PMID- 13685592
TI  - The slide-microagglutination test (S.M.A.T.) in the field of rickettsial and
      viral serology. Its advantages and limitations.

PMID- 13685593
TI  - [Serological relations between Rickettsia sennetsui of Misao and Kobayashi, and
      the etiological agent of European infectious mononucleosis].

PMID- 13685594
TI  - [Serological research on the diffusion of leptospirosis in the province of
      Siviglia].

PMID- 13685595
TI  - [On the problem of hypertension in an early age].

PMID- 13685596
TI  - [The mechanism of phospholipid and nucleic acid secretion with the intestinal
      juice].

PMID- 13685597
TI  - [Experience with the organization of medico-sanitary service to sheep-raising
      workers on distant drives].

PMID- 13685598
TI  - [Some changes in higher nervous activity in acceleration].

PMID- 13685599
TI  - [Vestibular neuritis].

PMID- 13685601
TI  - The coronary blood flow as a critical determinant of cardiac performance and
      cardiac size.

PMID- 13685600
TI  - [Contribution to the knowledge of squamous-cell papillomas of the portio
      vaginalis].

PMID- 13685602
TI  - Determination of regional blood flow in gastrointestinal tract of intact animals.

PMID- 13685603
TI  - ["Ultrasonics in medical diagnosis" (preliminary note)].

PMID- 13685604
TI  - [Our anesthetic technic for Cesarean section].

PMID- 13685605
TI  - [Basel anesthesia with Farmotal in infantile ocular surgery].

PMID- 13685606
TI  - [Peridural anesthesia in gynecological surgery and in surgical obstetrics].

PMID- 13685607
TI  - [The superficial circulation in relation to the elective zones of cutaneous
      transplantation].

PMID- 13685608
TI  - [Paraxanthomatous (thesaurotic) systemic histiocytosis].

PMID- 13685609
TI  - A case of primary abdominal pregnancy.

PMID- 13685610
TI  - [Acetylsalicylic acid anhydride in the treatment of rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 13685611
TI  - [Hemocoagulation picture of classic hemophilia of children before and after
      transfusion treatment].

PMID- 13685612
TI  - [A case of probable hemomediastinum in a subject affected with classical
      hemophilia].

PMID- 13685613
TI  - [A case of streptococcal meningitis in the 14th hour of life].

PMID- 13685614
TI  - [The coagulation factors in congenital atresia of the biliary tract. Presentation
      of 5 cases].

PMID- 13685615
TI  - [Reoperations in failures of choledochoduodenostomy].

PMID- 13685616
TI  - Pure males and females from hermaphroditic strains of Ophryotrocha puerilis.

PMID- 13685617
TI  - [N, N-dimethyl-biguanide (D.M.G.G.) in the treatment of diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 13685618
TI  - ["Bullous pneumoreticulosis". A case of the pulmonary form of the Abt-Letterer
      Siwe disease].

PMID- 13685619
TI  - [Prenatal care based on the example of home pregnacies].

PMID- 13685620
TI  - [Muscle relaxants and mortality].

PMID- 13685621
TI  - [Postmaturity syndrome, prolonged pregnancy and perinatal mortality].

PMID- 13685622
TI  - Apparent reversal of xanthine oxidase action in Chlorella vulgaris starved of
      nitrogen.

PMID- 13685623
TI  - Effects of radio-frequency energy on human gamma globulin.

PMID- 13685625
TI  - Biochemistry of bovine ketosis: the therapeutic use of fumarate and cysteamine.

PMID- 13685626
TI  - Studies on the purification and the kinetic properties of arginase from beef,
      sheep and horse liver.

PMID- 13685627
TI  - [Spontaneous painting and the symptom in the neurosurgical field. A contribution
      to early and differential diagnosis].

PMID- 13685628
TI  - [The fate of papillomatous ovarian tumors].

PMID- 13685629
TI  - Some effects of atropine and eserine on thalmo-cortical pathways in the cat.

PMID- 13685630
TI  - [The favorable effect of "Gangleron" in a case of marked coronary insufficiency].

PMID- 13685631
TI  - [The favorable effect of "Gangleron" in a case of severe coronary insufficiency.
      (Observation with follow-up of 13 months)].

PMID- 13685633
TI  - Sarcoidosis. A clinical review of 111 cases.

PMID- 13685632
TI  - [Apropos of 3 personal cases of paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia].

PMID- 13685634
TI  - The sensitivity of mixed population of bacteria to inhibitors. I. The mechanism
      by which desulfovibrio desulfuricans protects Ps. aeruginosa from the toxicity of
      mercurials.

PMID- 13685635
TI  - [Epilepsy and alcoholism. Comparative statistical study of E.E.G. criteria].

PMID- 13685636
TI  - [Study on the folinic acid content of human serum].

PMID- 13685637
TI  - [Vesical extrophy treated with ureterotrigono-sigmoido-stomy by Majdl's method.
      Remote results].

PMID- 13685638
TI  - Azygography: Its value in mediastinal adenopathy and tumors.

PMID- 13685640
TI  - Quantitating skin mobility in scleroderma.

PMID- 13685639
TI  - Reduction of salicylate to saligenin by Neurospora.

PMID- 13685641
TI  - [An improved method for the complexometric content determination of aluminum
      acetate solution as a proposal for admission into the DAB 7].

PMID- 13685642
TI  - [The complexometric content determination of aluminum acetate solution as a
      proposal for admission into the DAB 7].

PMID- 13685643
TI  - [Metabolites of actinomycetes. 28. "In vitro" resistance to ferrimycin].

PMID- 13685644
TI  - [Granulosa and theca cell tumor of the ovary with carcinoma of the breast].

PMID- 13685645
TI  - [Research on granting of limited duty assignments].

PMID- 13685646
TI  - [Cardiovascular symptoms in hyperthyroidism and their diagnostic significance.
      II].

PMID- 13685647
TI  - [Cardiovascular symptoms of hyperthyroidism and their diagnostic significance.
      (I)].

PMID- 13685648
TI  - [Peripheral dye injection and its extracardiac influence].

PMID- 13685649
TI  - [Analytical circulation research with the Rauwolfia alkaloids reserpine and
      serpentine].

PMID- 13685650
TI  - [On the blood flow in arterial and venous circulation].

PMID- 13685651
TI  - [On the hemodynamics of the reduction of arterial blood pressure].

PMID- 13685652
TI  - [Roentgenological and clinical follow-up studies after acute hematogenic
      osteomyelitis of the long tubular bones in infants].

PMID- 13685653
TI  - [On indirect evaluation of lipase activity by oral administration of iodized
      oil].

PMID- 13685654
TI  - [Electrocardiographic observations on a case of attempted suicide with 10 mg. of
      digitoxin].

PMID- 13685655
TI  - [The care of psychotics in private neurological practice].

PMID- 13685656
TI  - [Hemorrhage during the puerperium].

PMID- 13685657
TI  - Electroretinogram in response to x-ray stimulation.
AB  - The retina of the grass frog, Rana pipiens, responds to flashes of highintensity
      x-rays and produces an electroretinogram indistinguishable in form from the
      electroretinogram produced in response to light stimulation at low and
      intermediate intensities. At higher intensities the form changes and, for maximal
      responses, the electroretinogram in response to x-rays shows a lower amplitude
      and a longer latent period than that in response to light. The prolonged latent
      period indicates additional intermediate reactions for the x-rays response.

PMID- 13685658
TI  - Ultraviolet effects on refractory period of nerve.

PMID- 13685659
TI  - Ribonucleic acid of foot-and-mouth disease virus: its preparation, stability, and
      plating efficiency on bovine-kidney cultures.

PMID- 13685660
TI  - Thermal degradation of foot-and-mouth disease virus into infectious ribonucleic
      acid.

PMID- 13685661
TI  - A simple and rapid technique for the identification of proteus-providence
      strains.

PMID- 13685663
TI  - A survey of the management of gastric ulcer in a group practice.

PMID- 13685662
TI  - Metabolism of amines. 3. The degradation and synthesis of gamma-aminobutyric acid
      by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

PMID- 13685664
TI  - [On premature detachment of the normally implanted placenta complicated by utero
      placental apoplexy].

PMID- 13685665
TI  - [Antitubercular prophylaxis from birth in 1960 in the Clinica Ostetrica of the
      Universita di Bologna].

PMID- 13685666
TI  - [Demonstration of the drumstick appendage of neutrophil nuclei by a concentration
      method].

PMID- 13685667
TI  - [Studies on the estrogen excretion in urine in mastopathy].

PMID- 13685669
TI  - [Cerebral angiography in cranial trauma patients].

PMID- 13685668
TI  - Unruptured primary ovarian pregnancy. A case report.

PMID- 13685670
TI  - [Artefacts in the course of cerebral angiography].

PMID- 13685671
TI  - [Pre- and post-cobaltotherapy angiographic observations in neoplasms of glial
      origin].

PMID- 13685672
TI  - [Role of the vascular network in the formation of callus].

PMID- 13685673
TI  - [Differentiation of serous effusions by their fibrinolytic activity].

PMID- 13685674
TI  - The child of the tropics.

PMID- 13685675
TI  - The dietary of small farmers in Jamaica.

PMID- 13685676
TI  - Pharmacologic study of endobenzyline bromide, a new cholinergic blocking agent.

PMID- 13685677
TI  - A toxicopathologic study of endobenzyline bromide, a new cholinergic blocking
      agent.

PMID- 13685678
TI  - Acquired resistance to the pharmacologic effects of plasmin: study of
      tachyphylactogenic proteins.

PMID- 13685679
TI  - Distribution of activity in muscles acting on the wrist. (An electromyographic
      study).

PMID- 13685680
TI  - [Chronic pyelonephritis. Bacteriology].

PMID- 13685681
TI  - ["Authorized advertisements" as directive in systematic information on drugs].

PMID- 13685682
TI  - [Medical specialists--general practitioners].

PMID- 13685683
TI  - [Nordisk Medicin's special drug file (Denmark)].

PMID- 13685684
TI  - [Orientation on drugs].

PMID- 13685685
TI  - [Practitioners and "progress"].

PMID- 13685686
TI  - [The future of the practicing physician].

PMID- 13685687
TI  - Relentless shock.

PMID- 13685688
TI  - [Mesenteric cysts].

PMID- 13685689
TI  - Radiologic evaluation of funnel chest.

PMID- 13685690
TI  - The surgical treatment of funnel chest. Initial and follow-up results.

PMID- 13685691
TI  - The significance of maternal--foetal blood group incompatibility in premature
      infants.

PMID- 13685692
TI  - [The significance of blood group incompatibility of mother and fetus in premature
      infants].

PMID- 13685693
TI  - The influence of induced hyperthyroidism on experimental tuberculosis in mice.

PMID- 13685694
TI  - [The bacteriostatic properties of certain drugs used in oral and pharyngeal
      infections].

PMID- 13685695
TI  - [The significance of certain protozoa in waste-water cleansing with the activated
      sludge method].

PMID- 13685696
TI  - Placebo effect in peptic ulcer and other gastroduodenal disorders.

PMID- 13685697
TI  - [Chemical sensitization in radiotherapy. Clinical results].

PMID- 13685698
TI  - [The roentgenotherapy of cancers of the eyelids].

PMID- 13685699
TI  - [Epitheliomas of the maxillary sinus treated by transcutaneous roentgenotherapy
      alone (results after 5 years)].

PMID- 13685700
TI  - [Glosso-epiglottic carcinoma. Results with fractionated radiation].

PMID- 13685701
TI  - [Procedure to be followed in cancer of the breast].

PMID- 13685702
TI  - Spontaneous and mutator-induced reversions of an Escherichia coli auxotroph. I.
      Prototrophic types and their growth characteristics.

PMID- 13685703
TI  - Spontaneous and mutator-induced reversions of an Escherichia coli auxotroph. II.
      Acetylornithinase activity associated with the different revertant types.
AB  - Bacon, Donald F. (Yale University, New Haven, Conn.), and Henry P. Treffers.
      Spontaneous and mutator-induced reversions of an Escherichia coli auxotroph. II.
      Acetylornithinase activity associated with the different revertant types. J.
      Bacteriol. 82:48-53. 1961.-In a preceding communication it was shown that three
      principal groups of spontaneous revertants from an ornithine-requiring strain of
      Escherichia coli could be distinguished on the basis of their growth
      characteristics. They were designated as fast (F) (identical with the wild type),
      slow-48 (S(48)), and slow-72 (S(72)). The present paper presents data on the
      acetylornithinase activities as well as precursor accumulations of typical
      revertants from each group. The enzymatic activity associated with extracts of F
      revertants did not differ significantly from those of the wild type; the mean
      activity of extracts from the wild-type and F revertants was 23 units per mg of
      protein; the mean activity of S(48) revertant extracts was 0.4 units per mg of
      protein and, similarly, that of the S(72) revertant extracts was 0.06 units per
      mg of protein. These are, respectively, 1/50 and 1/350 of the wild-type activity.
      It was estimated that an S(48) culture in minimal broth accumulated 16 mug of
      N(alpha)-acetylornithine per ml and that an S(72) culture accumulated 60 mug per
      ml of this compound. Accumulation of this precursor in an F revertant culture was
      not detected by the assay procedure employed. In an earlier communication we
      reported that both the S(48) and S(72) revertant types exhibited increasing rates
      of growth when the growth in minimal broth was followed photometrically
      Supplements of N(alpha)-acetylornithine and of a sterile supernatant from an
      S(48) revertant culture which were incorporated into minimal broth failed to
      modify the unusual curvilinear nature of the growth curve. The data on the
      enzymatic activities and precursor accumulations support the original
      classification of revertant groups on the basis of growth rates. The total
      information at hand is consistent with the notion that reversion from an
      auxotrophic requirement may result in at least three distinct revertant types,
      each characterized by a unique growth rate, enzymatic activity, and precursor
      accumulation.

PMID- 13685704
TI  - Diverticular disease with particular reference to the management of concomitant
      fistula and sinus formation.

PMID- 13685705
TI  - Diverticulitis and its surgical management.

PMID- 13685706
TI  - An improved technic of colectomy for ulcerative colitis and disseminated
      adenomatosis: a one-stage ileocoloproctectomy.

PMID- 13685707
TI  - Major surgery of the colon and rectum: rehabilitation and survival rate in 2,457
      patients.

PMID- 13685708
TI  - Aconitase levels in the leaves of iron-deficient mustard plants (Sinapis alba).

PMID- 13685709
TI  - The measurement of aconitase activity in the leaves of various normal and
      variegated plants.

PMID- 13685711
TI  - Selective school medical inspection in Hampshire.

PMID- 13685710
TI  - The oligofructosides.

PMID- 13685712
TI  - Blood typing program in York Country.

PMID- 13685713
TI  - Rhabdomyosarcoma of the urinary bladder. Report of a case.

PMID- 13685715
TI  - [Local and general chemical protection against epilation by x-rays].

PMID- 13685714
TI  - Congenital familial nodal rhythm.

PMID- 13685716
TI  - [A new interpretation of the resistance to adrenaline in asthmatics].

PMID- 13685717
TI  - [Actions and physiological importance of metanephrine and normetanephrine].

PMID- 13685718
TI  - [Actions and physiological importance of metanephrine and normetanephrine].

PMID- 13685719
TI  - [Tyramine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and excitation of the adrenergic nerves].

PMID- 13685720
TI  - Effect of the destruction of hypothalamus on the suprarenal response of the rat
      to total body irradiation.

PMID- 13685721
TI  - Chemical protection against ionising radiation.

PMID- 13685722
TI  - Treatment of depression-anxiety in office patients with combination of
      tranylcypromine and trifluoperazine.

PMID- 13685723
TI  - [A case of gastric bezoar in a 9-year-old child].

PMID- 13685724
TI  - [Kidney function tests in atherosclerosis].

PMID- 13685725
TI  - Brain extracts of electrically convulsed animals. Effects on behavior and
      electroencephalograms.

PMID- 13685726
TI  - [Bronchial patency standards according to data of "foreced" vital capacity of the
      lung].

PMID- 13685727
TI  - [Benign tumor of the gallbladder (papillary myo-fibro-adenoma). Apropos of 2
      cases].

PMID- 13685728
TI  - [The parallelism of audiometric profiles].

PMID- 13685729
TI  - [The subglottis of the child].

PMID- 13685730
TI  - [Tumor of the left carotid body with multiple intracranial localizations].

PMID- 13685731
TI  - Corrected transposition of the great vessels. Report of 2 cases.

PMID- 13685732
TI  - Cephalothoracopagus: clinical and anatomic study of a case.

PMID- 13685733
TI  - Diffuse intraperitoneal haemorrhage from surface vein of a fibromyoma.

PMID- 13685735
TI  - Enhanced learning of a position-habit with secondary reinforcement for the wrong
      response.

PMID- 13685734
TI  - Non-union of uterine wounds.

PMID- 13685736
TI  - Thymidine diphosphate sugar derivatives and their transformation in Streptomyces
      griseus.

PMID- 13685737
TI  - The occurrence and location of teichoic acids in lactobacilli.

PMID- 13685738
TI  - The synthesis of nucleotide coenzymes.

PMID- 13685739
TI  - Effect of heart size on the oxygen uptake of the myocardium.

PMID- 13685740
TI  - [Radioisotopographic recording of the distribution of colloidal Au-198 introduced
      by rectal route].

PMID- 13685741
TI  - Value of serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase in detecting subclinical liver
      metastases.

PMID- 13685742
TI  - [Clinical aspects and treatment of shock].

PMID- 13685743
TI  - [Experimental shock and blood volume].

PMID- 13685744
TI  - [Program for northern cooperation in medical research].

PMID- 13685745
TI  - [Treatment of burns].

PMID- 13685746
TI  - The umbilical cord: simplified ligation and after-care.

PMID- 13685747
TI  - Uric acid stone formation.

PMID- 13685748
TI  - [Parturitions after pulmonary resections performed in consequence of
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 13685749
TI  - [Tofranil in the hands of the practicing physician].

PMID- 13685750
TI  - Bilateral malignant cystosarcoma phyllodes.

PMID- 13685751
TI  - A comparison of cytopathology caused by myxoviruses. I. The relation of the
      infectious process to cytopathology.

PMID- 13685752
TI  - A comparison of cytopathology caused by myxoviruses. II. Induced resistance of
      cells to the cytopathic action of myxoviruses.

PMID- 13685753
TI  - Latent viral infection of cells in tissue culture. IX. Abortive infection with
      psittacosis virus.

PMID- 13685754
TI  - Latent viral infection of cells in tissue culture. VII. Role of water-soluble
      vitamins in psittacosis virus propagation in L cells.
AB  - A study of the metabolic requirements for the growth of psittacosis virus in L
      cells has been extended to the water-soluble vitamins. In a system in which a
      balanced salt solution was used to deplete the cells of their vitamin
      constituents, only thiamine was essential for psittacosis virus production.
      Extended depletion of cells with media deficient in specific vitamins
      demonstrated that pantothenate, niacin (niacinamide), pyridoxine (pyridoxal), and
      choline, in addition to thiamine, were essential for maximal growth of
      psittacosis virus. No requirement for biotin, inositol, folic acid, or riboflavin
      was demonstrated, although the possibility of incomplete vitamin depletion of the
      cells has not been eliminated. In most cases in which a specific vitamin
      requirement was shown the decreased yield of virus was correlated with a delay in
      the cytopathic effects produced in the cell cultures by psittacosis virus.

PMID- 13685755
TI  - [Functional exploration of the exocrine pancreas].

PMID- 13685756
TI  - [Reflections on encopresis].

PMID- 13685757
TI  - Pulmonary function in a sbestosis of the lung, an alveolar-capillary block
      syndrome.

PMID- 13685758
TI  - [A contribution to pre- and postoperative treatment of surgical patients with
      lesions of the liver parenchyma].

PMID- 13685759
TI  - [Ionic disorders of severe hepatic insufficiency].

PMID- 13685760
TI  - Some indications of muscular armoring in two six-year old retarded children.

PMID- 13685761
TI  - Fractures of the hip joint-some causes for failure and suggestions for success.

PMID- 13685762
TI  - Medical sociology: a selected Canadian bibliography.

PMID- 13685763
TI  - An assessment of research methods reported in 103 scientific articles from two
      Canadian medical journals.

PMID- 13685764
TI  - Social bias in the treatment of pediatric patients.

PMID- 13685765
TI  - Sociology in the medical curriculum.

PMID- 13685766
TI  - The cost and scope of ward activities of student nurses.

PMID- 13685767
TI  - [Technic of implantation of skin in the orbital cavity].

PMID- 13685768
TI  - [Comparative study of certain biological signs in the course of chronic
      rheumatismal polyarthritis with positive and negative Waaler-Rose reactions].

PMID- 13685770
TI  - [Biochemical significance of flocculation reactions of blood proteins].

PMID- 13685769
TI  - [Rapid precipitation of the rheumatoid factor in a boric acid solution and
      titration by the agglutination of sensitized human erythrocytes].

PMID- 13685771
TI  - [The content of fetal hemoglobin in the blood of the newborn infant].

PMID- 13685772
TI  - [Certain data on the characteristics of congenital heart defects].

PMID- 13685773
TI  - [Congenital aneurysms of the cerebral vessels, angiomatosis of the myocardium and
      multiple angiomyxoma of the heart].

PMID- 13685774
TI  - [Disorders of embryogenesis of muscle and the pathogenesis of several "congenital
      malformations"].

PMID- 13685775
TI  - [Early surgical therapy of gonitis tuberculosa].

PMID- 13685776
TI  - [A case of hemangiopericytoma of the stomach].

PMID- 13685777
TI  - Galactose intolerance in kwashiorkor.

PMID- 13685778
TI  - Marfan's syndrome. First report of a case in U.A.R.

PMID- 13685779
TI  - Sublingual swellings. A new approach.

PMID- 13685781
TI  - [On the problem of the developmental-physiological relationship between ablatio
      falciformis congenita and pathological developmental processes of the retina in
      the area of embryonal ocular fissure, especially the typical funds colobona].

PMID- 13685780
TI  - Histological structure of wool follicle group in fat-tailed sheep.

PMID- 13685782
TI  - [On various forms of fundus colobomata and colobomatous cysts, their
      intrrelation, nomenclature and origin].

PMID- 13685783
TI  - [Gastroduodenal ulcer and pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13685784
TI  - [On the osteomyeloreticulosis with reticulosarcomatous degeneration].

PMID- 13685785
TI  - [The training of nurses--needs and possibilities].

PMID- 13685786
TI  - [Finally uniform radiation protection. The development of atomic legislation up
      to publication of the Ist radiation protection decree and its most important
      regulations].

PMID- 13685787
TI  - [Protection of laborers in winter construction works. The new principles for
      labor protection requirements in winter construction work].

PMID- 13685788
TI  - [Remarks on the analysis of fatty materials. On the saponification index].

PMID- 13685789
TI  - Community relations of university teaching hospitals: the organization of medical
      practice.

PMID- 13685790
TI  - The hospital staffing crisis: its cause and its remedy.

PMID- 13685791
TI  - The quality and cost of community medical care.

PMID- 13685792
TI  - [Psychological viewpoint in cosmetic treatment].

PMID- 13685793
TI  - [Rheumatism of the soft parts].

PMID- 13685794
TI  - [Surgical methods of treatment in arthroses of the hip joint].

PMID- 13685795
TI  - [Study made of 500 cases of bacterial allergy].

PMID- 13685796
TI  - [The role of serotonins and antiserotonins in allergy (clinical trial with MK
      141)].

PMID- 13685797
TI  - [Research on the effects of pure toluene on the blood count of intaglio printers
      and aides].

PMID- 13685798
TI  - The postperfusion pulmonary congestion syndrome.

PMID- 13685799
TI  - Effect of withdrawal of positive reinforcement on an extinguishing response in
      young children.

PMID- 13685800
TI  - Synthesis of enantiomeric mixed-acid glycerolphosphatides. I. L-alpha-(alpha'
      Stearoyl, beta-oleoyl) cephalin and L-alpha-(alpha'-oleoyl, beta
      stearoyl)cephalin.

PMID- 13685801
TI  - N,N-Dimethylcephalins. I. Synthesis of distearoyl L-alpha-glycerylphosphoryl-(N,N
      dimethyl) ethanolamine.

PMID- 13685802
TI  - N-Methylcephalins. I. Synthesis of distearoyl L-alpha-glycerylphosphoryl-(N
      methyl)ethanolamine.

PMID- 13685803
TI  - Phosphatidylhydroxyproline. I. Synthesis of distearoyl L-alpha-glycerylphosphoryl
      L(G), L(S)-hydroxyproline.

PMID- 13685804
TI  - [Health problems in the use of adulterants in medicine in the light of the food
      law].

PMID- 13685805
TI  - The response of the serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase to open-heart
      operation.

PMID- 13685806
TI  - The immunochemistry and genetics of blood group O. II. A study of the secretion
      of blood group A, B and O (H) substances in the saliva of family groups using
      precipitating antibody prepared in chickens.

PMID- 13685807
TI  - [Observations on the development of Bothriocephalus (Clestobothrium) kivuensis
      Baer and Fain 1958].

PMID- 13685808
TI  - Studies on periodontal disease in the mouse. II. Genetic and meternal effects.

PMID- 13685809
TI  - Hypnosis, an adjunct in the treatment of neuromuscular disease.

PMID- 13685810
TI  - Photosensitivity to drugs. Studies in man and guinea pigs.

PMID- 13685811
TI  - Investigations on the intermediate metabolism of steroid hormones and
      carcinogenic compounds. III. Biosynthesis of steroid hormones starting from
      labeled mevalonic acid.

PMID- 13685812
TI  - Epidermolysis bullosa hereditaria treated with antimalarials.

PMID- 13685813
TI  - [Observations on torsion of the tests].

PMID- 13685814
TI  - Malic dehydrogenase in Trichomonas vaginalis.

PMID- 13685815
TI  - [Experience with Sedestal in the treatment of the vegetative-neurotic syndrome].

PMID- 13685816
TI  - [Reflex research on the dog].

PMID- 13685817
TI  - [On the pathology and clinical aspects of hemorrhagic and necrotizing enteritis
      in infants caused by Escherichia coli O 127:B 8].

PMID- 13685818
TI  - [On the pathogenesis of rare hemorrhages in liver cirrhosis with pseudolobulus
      necrosis].

PMID- 13685819
TI  - [Results of treatment of epidemic hepatitis in childhood with high doses of
      ascorbic acid in the years 1957-58].

PMID- 13685820
TI  - [The therapy of dysenteries in children with chloramphenicol].

PMID- 13685821
TI  - Effect of environmental temperature and humidity on lead poisoning in animals.

PMID- 13685822
TI  - An anniversary tribute to the memory of the late William H, Howell: late years-
      Faculty of Hygiene and Public Health.

PMID- 13685823
TI  - [Plastic surgery of the acetabular roof with heterologous ampulla
      transplantation].

PMID- 13685824
TI  - [Results of long-term therapy of chronic polyarthritis with chloroquine].

PMID- 13685825
TI  - [Thin-layer chromatography as a rapid method for the analysis of drugs].

PMID- 13685826
TI  - [New analytic methods for chemical toxicology].

PMID- 13685827
TI  - [Observations on changes in blastocysts in white rats during "lactation"
      diapause].

PMID- 13685828
TI  - [Parietal calcification of the left auricle of the heart].

PMID- 13685829
TI  - Zenker's diverticulum and cervical block vertebra.

PMID- 13685830
TI  - [Contribution to the discussion of the responsibility of psychopathic-neurotic
      criminals. With remarks on the paper "The uncertainty relation of freedom and
      detention as a methodological borderline concept of forensic psychiatry" by S.
      Haddenbrock].

PMID- 13685831
TI  - [Exhaustion and being exhausted].

PMID- 13685832
TI  - Vasotropic substances in blood in intestinal ischemia shock.

PMID- 13685833
TI  - [Chronic selective "aplastic" anemia. Notes on a clinical case].

PMID- 13685834
TI  - [Maternal and child welfare in Europe. Impressions from a tour].

PMID- 13685835
TI  - Transfer of coronary ostia by "triangulation" in transposition of the great
      vessels and anomalous coronary arteries. A preliminary report.

PMID- 13685836
TI  - [Contribution to the study of metamorphosis in amphibia].

PMID- 13685837
TI  - Lymphadenosis benigna cutis (LABC), its nature, course and prognosis.

PMID- 13685838
TI  - [Benzo-bis-thiadiazine-1, 1-dioxide derivatives].

PMID- 13685839
TI  - Systemic lupus erythematosus complicated by avascular necrosis of the hip.
      Medical and surgical management.

PMID- 13685840
TI  - A new self-retaining retractor for sub-temporal exposure of the gasserian
      ganglion and its posterior root.

PMID- 13685841
TI  - Adenomas of the pituitary gland.

PMID- 13685842
TI  - Electroencephalography and brain tumors.

PMID- 13685843
TI  - General health survey in a group of villages in rural health centre, Sarojini
      Nagar, Lucknow.

PMID- 13685844
TI  - Acetoacetate and acetate, intermediates in glutarate catabolism.

PMID- 13685846
TI  - [On biochemical principles of drug-resistance in combined chemotherapy].

PMID- 13685845
TI  - [On the problem of the role of sewage and irrigation fields in poliomyelitis
      morbidity. (Review of the literature)].

PMID- 13685847
TI  - [Errors, hazards and complications connected with blood transfusion and methods
      of their prevention].

PMID- 13685848
TI  - [Certain results in the investigation of clinical and pathogenic aspects of
      agastric anemias].

PMID- 13685849
TI  - [The use of transplantation of bone marrow in aplastic (hypoplastic) anemias and
      acute leukemia].

PMID- 13685850
TI  - [Transplantation of homologous bone marrow in acute radiation injury in dogs and
      monkeys].

PMID- 13685851
TI  - Changes in cardiac conduction produced by ischemia and hypoxia.

PMID- 13685852
TI  - Studies of cardiac conduction during ischemia and hypoxia.

PMID- 13685853
TI  - Effects of ischemia and hypoxia on the specialized conducting system of the
      canine heart.

PMID- 13685854
TI  - Administrative-dietary rounds build rapport, improve service.

PMID- 13685855
TI  - The changing concepts of pathology in liver disease.

PMID- 13685856
TI  - [The school physician's assistants: Public Health nurses; secretaries. Research
      on the work of the school physician's assistants in the school year 1954-55].

PMID- 13685857
TI  - [Experimental research on the capillary permeability-increasing action caused by
      heparin in the blood serum of guinea pigs].

PMID- 13685858
TI  - [Anatomo-clinical study of a case of pinealoma with expansion into the lateral
      ventricles].

PMID- 13685859
TI  - Massive neonatal ascites.

PMID- 13685860
TI  - Micro-determination of serum phosphate and phospholipids.

PMID- 13685861
TI  - [Cancer of the rectum].

PMID- 13685862
TI  - [Tracheography, endoscopy and tracheal stratigraphy. Comparative study].

PMID- 13685863
TI  - [Importance of bronchocinematography in the candidate for excision].

PMID- 13685864
TI  - Genetic control of foetal and adult human haemoglobin.

PMID- 13685865
TI  - Abnormal human haemoglobins. V. Chemical investigation of haemoglobins A, G, C, X
      from one individual.

PMID- 13685866
TI  - Four adult haemoglobin types in one person.

PMID- 13685867
TI  - An improved method for the fingerprinting of human hemoglobin.

PMID- 13685868
TI  - Chromatotrophic hormone, pteridines, and amphibian pigmentation.

PMID- 13685869
TI  - Pineal regulation of the body lightening reaction in amphibian larvae.

PMID- 13685870
TI  - [Action on the endometrium of intravenous progesterone in variable doses].

PMID- 13685871
TI  - [The use of corticoids in gynecology].

PMID- 13685872
TI  - [The behavior of the hepatic veins of the rat after operation of atypical
      resection].

PMID- 13685873
TI  - [True malignant myxoma of the soft palate].

PMID- 13685874
TI  - [Occupational diseases of the skin in workers of the core division of the foundry
      works of the I. A. Likhachev factory].

PMID- 13685875
TI  - [Treatment and prevention of fungus diseases of the feet in female workers in the
      enamel department of the plant "Moskavel"].

PMID- 13685876
TI  - [Anisometropia and fixation disparity].

PMID- 13685877
TI  - [Considerations on the antidiplopic mechanism in concomitant strabismus].

PMID- 13685878
TI  - [Observations on 2 cases of asymmetric fixation disparity].

PMID- 13685879
TI  - [Diagnosis and possibilities of treatment of the sensorial state of concomitant
      strabismus with little dissociant instruments (the striped lens and filter bar
      test)].

PMID- 13685880
TI  - [Premature labor in tuberculosis].

PMID- 13685881
TI  - [Assessment of the prophylactic and therapeutic action of parathyroid gland
      hormone on irradiated animals].

PMID- 13685882
TI  - [On the role of the hypophysis in the reaction of the adrenal glands to
      radiation].

PMID- 13685883
TI  - A comparative study of topical steroids, antihistamines and pollen vaccine in the
      treatment of hay fever and hay asthma.

PMID- 13685884
TI  - Possible role of potentiators in radiation therapy.

PMID- 13685885
TI  - [Incidence of leukemia in the Spanish Levant during the years 1959-60].

PMID- 13685886
TI  - [Repeated induction of leukemic outbreaks, jaundice and fever by administration
      of massive doses of prednisone in a case of subleukemic chronic lymphocytic
      leukosis].

PMID- 13685887
TI  - [The histochemical demonstration of succinic dehydrogenase by p-nitrophenyl
      substituted ditetrazole in renal punch biopsies].

PMID- 13685888
TI  - [Bilateral facial paralysis during diabetic acidosis].

PMID- 13685889
TI  - Influence of enzyme and substrate concentrations on the decomposition of urea by
      commercial urease and urease obtained from Glycine soja beans in phosphate
      buffer.

PMID- 13685890
TI  - Study of the influence of charcoal on the acetone-butanol fermentation by
      different strains of Clostridium.

PMID- 13685891
TI  - Studies on quinoline derivatives as anti-infective agents. I.

PMID- 13685892
TI  - Studies on quinoline derivatives as anti-infective agents. II.

PMID- 13685893
TI  - Therapeutic nerve blocks. Report of 100 cases.

PMID- 13685894
TI  - Unusual prolonged unconsciousness after cardiac resuscitation: a case report.

PMID- 13685895
TI  - I couldn't have gotten along without Sam.

PMID- 13685896
TI  - Refreshers do help.

PMID- 13685897
TI  - Antigenicity of cholesterol induced chicken atheroma.

PMID- 13685898
TI  - Diagnostic and demographic characteristics of patients seen in outpatient
      psychiatric clinics for an entire state (Maryland):implications for the
      psychiatrist and the mental health program planner.

PMID- 13685899
TI  - New faces for old.

PMID- 13685900
TI  - Melanocyte stimulating hormone and ACTH activities of pituitary tumors in
      patients with Cushing's syndrome.

PMID- 13685901
TI  - [Biological oxidation of aromatic amines and azo compounds by yeasts].

PMID- 13685902
TI  - [Oxidation products of carcinogenic substances as a possible hydrogen and/or
      electron carrier. (A comparative study). V. On the problem of the relationship
      between the chemical structure and carcinogenic activity].

PMID- 13685903
TI  - [Oxidation products of carcinogenic substances as possible hydrogen and/or
      electron carriers (Comparative study). V. On the problem of the relationship
      between the chemical structure and the carcinogenic activity].

PMID- 13685904
TI  - [Oxidation products of carcinogenic substances as possible hydrogen and/or
      electron carriers (comparative studies). II. Ortho-hydroxylamines].

PMID- 13685905
TI  - [Oxidation products of carcinogenic substances as possible hydrogen and/or
      electron carriers (comparative studies). III. Azo compounds].

PMID- 13685906
TI  - [Oxidation products of carcinogenic substances as possible hydrogen and/or
      electron carriers (comparative studies). IV. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons].

PMID- 13685907
TI  - [Turner syndrome with fully developed secondary sex characteristics and
      fertility].

PMID- 13685908
TI  - [Diet therapy in obesity].

PMID- 13685909
TI  - Intracardiac surgery performed with cardiopulmonary bypass.

PMID- 13685910
TI  - Closed chest cardiac resuscitation.

PMID- 13685911
TI  - Ultrastructure of normal and asphyxic myocardium of the dog.

PMID- 13685912
TI  - [Injuries caused by safety belts].

PMID- 13685913
TI  - On stimulus and response discriminability.

PMID- 13685914
TI  - [Demographic growth and economic development].

PMID- 13685915
TI  - [The significance of side-effects in INH long-term therapy].

PMID- 13685916
TI  - [Pulmonary decortication in pleuropulmonary processes of non-tuberculous
      etiology].

PMID- 13685917
TI  - [Medical illustration].

PMID- 13685918
TI  - The enzymes of mammary gland. I. Isolation of phosphoglucose isomerase.

PMID- 13685919
TI  - [Scientific research activities in the field of medicinal preparations in foreign
      countries].

PMID- 13685920
TI  - [Scientific research activities in foreign countries in the field of medicinal
      substances].

PMID- 13685921
TI  - [Some problems in development of the production of synthetic steroid hormones and
      their analogs].

PMID- 13685922
TI  - The lack of a reversing effect of certain metallic ions on the inhibitory action
      of salicylanilide.

PMID- 13685923
TI  - [Anti-inflammatory hormone treatment in tuberculosis].

PMID- 13685924
TI  - [On the problem of the regeneration of the articular cartilage after
      transarticular osteosynthesis with metal wire].

PMID- 13685925
TI  - A comparison of particle size measurements.

PMID- 13685926
TI  - Photofluorographic study.

PMID- 13685928
TI  - [Psittacosis-ornithosis infections in the fowl].

PMID- 13685927
TI  - [Contribution to the evaluation of the activity of chronic liver diseases by the
      determination of serum enzymes].

PMID- 13685929
TI  - A possible specific chromosome abnormality in human chronic myeloid leukaemia.

PMID- 13685930
TI  - Cytogenetic studies in acute leukaemia.

PMID- 13685932
TI  - [Lesions of the oral mucosa in exudative erythema multiforme].

PMID- 13685933
TI  - [Gastrojejunocolic fistula. Complication of vagotomy and gastroenterostomy].

PMID- 13685934
TI  - Uterine cancer in Connecticut: late deaths among 5-year survivors.

PMID- 13685935
TI  - [Distomatosis. I. Current status of its epidemiology in the southwest of France].

PMID- 13685936
TI  - [Contribution to the experimental study of a new anti-amebic agent: 4,7
      phenanthroline-5,6-quinone].

PMID- 13685937
TI  - Quantitative estimation of proteins in extracts of cerebral tissue after
      separation by electrophoresis in starch gel.

PMID- 13685938
TI  - The separation of the cytoplasmic proteins of brain by electrophoresis in a
      starch gel medium.

PMID- 13685939
TI  - Prolonged phenothiazine hepatitis: report of a case.

PMID- 13685940
TI  - Hyperglycaemia in burns.

PMID- 13685941
TI  - Saliva secretion and its relation to feeding in cattle. 1. The composition and
      rate of secretion of parotid saliva in a small steer.

PMID- 13685942
TI  - Saliva secretion and its relation to feeding in cattle. 2. The composition and
      rate of secretion of mixed saliva in the cow during rest.

PMID- 13685943
TI  - The digestion of hay administered to cows through rumen fistulas.

PMID- 13685944
TI  - Saliva secretion and its relation to feeding in cattle. 3. The rate of secretion
      of mixed saliva in the cow during eating, with an estimate of the magnitude of
      the total daily secretion of mixed saliva.

PMID- 13685945
TI  - Passage of penicillin across the blood-brain barrier in adults.

PMID- 13685946
TI  - Corticosteroid therapy in childhood.

PMID- 13685947
TI  - Histological changes in the spinal cord of man in cases of fatal injury. III.
      Alterations in the nerve fibers.

PMID- 13685948
TI  - Histological changes in the spinal cord of man in cases of fatal injury. IV.
      Alteration in the classical neuroglia.

PMID- 13685949
TI  - The cradle of blood transfusion in Britain.

PMID- 13685950
TI  - Letter to the patient with a sensori-neural hearing loss.

PMID- 13685951
TI  - Non-organic hearing loss. Case report.

PMID- 13685952
TI  - The use of the vein graft technique for closure of tympanic membrane
      perforations.

PMID- 13685953
TI  - Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in red cells.

PMID- 13685954
TI  - Cyproheptadine in treatment of urticaria.

PMID- 13685955
TI  - Aspergillosis of orbit. Report of a case treated by the newer antifungal
      antibiotic agents.

PMID- 13685956
TI  - Manual muscle testing in industry.

PMID- 13685957
TI  - Purification of latent phenolase from broadbean (Vicia faba) leaves.

PMID- 13685958
TI  - Lipid metabolism in cultured cells. II. Cholesterol uptake from serum of normal
      and atherosclerotic human adults.

PMID- 13685959
TI  - Physical properties of starch. I. Relationship between iodine stain and chain
      length.

PMID- 13685960
TI  - Lipid metabolism in cultured cells. I. Factors affecting cholesterol uptake.

PMID- 13685961
TI  - Amino acid composition of a new rubber-like protein, reslin.

PMID- 13685962
TI  - The lamellibranch crystalline style.

PMID- 13685963
TI  - Duties and responsibilities of an editor.

PMID- 13685964
TI  - Alcoholism and marriage. A review of research and professional literature.

PMID- 13685965
TI  - Factors associated with variations in maternal death rates.

PMID- 13685966
TI  - Central pontine myelinolysis.

PMID- 13685967
TI  - The vascular component of congenital malformations in the central nervous system.

PMID- 13685968
TI  - A rigged radio interview--with illustrations of various ego-ideals.

PMID- 13685969
TI  - Ancedotes from the history of trephining.

PMID- 13685970
TI  - Joseph BABINSKI (1857-1932). The man and his works.

PMID- 13685971
TI  - Surgical treatment of psychomotor epilepsy: five year follow-up.

PMID- 13685972
TI  - [The World Federation of Neurology. Its origins, aims and accomplishments].

PMID- 13685973
TI  - [The role of the National Hospital in the progress of neurology].

PMID- 13685974
TI  - Acute effects of corticosteroid mixtures and the 17-spirolactone SC-8109 on
      sodium, potassium, and water excretion in adrenalectomized, water-loaded rats.

PMID- 13685975
TI  - Intracellular glycosidases of dextran-producing bacteria.

PMID- 13685976
TI  - The fate of surgically created osteochondral fractures in adult and young dogs.

PMID- 13685977
TI  - The action of a Lactobacillus bifidus dextranase on a branched dextran.

PMID- 13685978
TI  - The effect of chromatic adaptation on colorblind observers.

PMID- 13685979
TI  - Rhabdomyosarcomas in childhood. A review of 14 cases.

PMID- 13685981
TI  - [Some concepts of digestive endoscopy].

PMID- 13685980
TI  - Effects of exercise on heart output of the dog.

PMID- 13685982
TI  - [Clinical forms of so-called senile macular degeneration].

PMID- 13685983
TI  - [Diagnosis of central scotomas].

PMID- 13685984
TI  - Histochemical studies of the mouse testis following cold exposure.

PMID- 13685985
TI  - Observatons on the growth and histochemistry of the Leydig tissue in the
      postnatal prepubertal mouse testis.

PMID- 13685986
TI  - The biology of the Leydig cell: histochemical and histological changes following
      high epididymal obstruction.

PMID- 13685987
TI  - Origin of the potential difference in the intestinal epithelium of the turtle.

PMID- 13685988
TI  - [Origin of the bioelectric potentials and the active transport of amino acids in
      the isolated intestinal epithelium of the Greek turtle].

PMID- 13685989
TI  - Reaction patterns of the reticuloendothelial system under stimulation.

PMID- 13685990
TI  - [A new species of Anopheles from the Gulf of Aden: Anopheles (Myzomyia) azaniae
      (Diptera, Culicidae). Morphologic, systematic and ecologic notes].

PMID- 13685991
TI  - [Note on the neuroleptic syndrome and the use of a corrective agent, orphenadrine
      hydrochloride (disipal)].

PMID- 13685992
TI  - [Obstetric radiodiagnosis and embryofetal risk].

PMID- 13685993
TI  - [Action of methylandrostendiol on the female genital tract subjected to ionizing
      radiations. (Experimental histological contribution)].

PMID- 13685994
TI  - [First observations on the use of hydrochlorothiazide in the therapy of diabetes
      insipidus in pregnancy].

PMID- 13685995
TI  - A P-N junction semiconductor radiation detector for use with beta- and gamma-ray
      emitting isotopes.

PMID- 13685996
TI  - Further observations on methylcholanthrene induced carcinoma of gallbladder in
      golden hamsters.

PMID- 13685997
TI  - The anatomical pathology of experimental gallbladder carcinoma in hamsters.

PMID- 13685998
TI  - Epidemic pleurodynia (Bornholm disease) due to Coxsackie B-5 virus. The inter
      relationship of pleurodynia, benign pericarditis and aseptic meningitis.

PMID- 13685999
TI  - The antigens of Pasteurella multocida type I. II. Lipopolysaccharides.

PMID- 13686000
TI  - Human infection with Pasteurella multocida (Pasteurella septica).

PMID- 13686001
TI  - Mitral valvotomy: operative procedure and immediate post-operative course.

PMID- 13686002
TI  - [Rotatory biopsy of the cervix. (Contribution to the study of stage O
      carcinoma)].

PMID- 13686003
TI  - [Dystrophia myotonica. A review of the latest concepts of treatment].

PMID- 13686004
TI  - Effect of induced hyper-and hypothyrodism upon acute uremic syndrome in
      nephrectomized dogs.

PMID- 13686005
TI  - Atresia of the gallbladder.

PMID- 13686006
TI  - Plutonium inhalation studies. II. Excretion and translocation of inhaled Pu-239
      O2 dust.

PMID- 13686007
TI  - The behavior of inhaled Ru106o2 particles.

PMID- 13686008
TI  - Submicroscopic structure of Yoshida ascites hepatoma.

PMID- 13686009
TI  - The inhibitory action of relaxing-factor preparation on the myofibrillar
      adenosine triphosphatase.

PMID- 13686010
TI  - Sectioning and staining whole heads of small animals.

PMID- 13686011
TI  - Effects of pituitary removal or transplantation on ovarian ascorbic acid
      depletion in the rat.

PMID- 13686013
TI  - [On nerve cells of the dura mater].

PMID- 13686012
TI  - An analysis of the effect of pH, procaine cation, nonionized procaine and
      procaine ethylchloride cation upon cardiac conduction time, stimulation
      threshold, amplitude of contraction and the relationship of these parameters to
      antiarrhythmic activity.

PMID- 13686014
TI  - [Experimental contribution to the study of endocrine reactions of adaptation to
      water overload].

PMID- 13686015
TI  - [Applications, to man, of the endocrine effects of water excess].

PMID- 13686016
TI  - [Respective effects of total post-hypophysial extracts, of vasopressin and of
      synthetic oxytocin on the animal with saline overload].

PMID- 13686017
TI  - [Effect of postpituitary extract on experimental sodium overloading aggravated by
      desoxycorticosterone].

PMID- 13686018
TI  - [Neomycin and d-tubocurarine].

PMID- 13686019
TI  - [Action of adrenocortical hormones and post-hypophysial extracts on salivary
      secretion].

PMID- 13686020
TI  - [Experimental research on oxytocic secretion. Effects of sectioning of the supra
      optic-hypophysial tract and of the intravenous injection of hypertonic solutions
      on oxytocin secretion. Effects of synthetic oxytocin in the animal with a saline
      overload].

PMID- 13686021
TI  - [Action of neurohypophysial hormones on salivary and gastric secretion].

PMID- 13686022
TI  - [Favorable action of posterior pituitary extract in men drinking salt water].

PMID- 13686023
TI  - [Influence of the ventilatory regime on the pressure effects of adrenalin and
      noradrenalin].

PMID- 13686024
TI  - [The determination of the antidiuretic hormone].

PMID- 13686025
TI  - [Recurring varices. Considerations].

PMID- 13686026
TI  - [Gastric cancer].

PMID- 13686027
TI  - [Primary carcinoma of the gallbladder].

PMID- 13686028
TI  - [Surgical treatment of hemorrhages of the gastroduodental tract].

PMID- 13686029
TI  - [Haptoglobin types. Method of determination; allele incidences in some random
      samples. 1].

PMID- 13686031
TI  - [Mother-child examinations for forensic evidence on haptoglobin serum groups].

PMID- 13686032
TI  - [On experiences with the technic of determination and forensic usefulness of
      haptoglobin types according to Smithies].

PMID- 13686033
TI  - [Physical exercise as a factor in the rehabilitation of patients with pulmonary
      tuberculosis. (Preliminary communication)].

PMID- 13686034
TI  - [Results obtained with the use of a new local antiseptic: triclobisonium
      chloride].

PMID- 13686035
TI  - [Treatment of intra-articular fractures of the lower extremity, in old age].

PMID- 13686030
TI  - [Haptoglobin types. Method of their determination, allele incidences in some
      random samples. 2].

PMID- 13686036
TI  - [Urgent need for rational antitetanus prevention].

PMID- 13686037
TI  - Symposium on probable or possible malignant cervical lesions-carcinoma in situ.
      I. Histology of carcinoma in situ. Nomenclature of the atypical epithelium.

PMID- 13686038
TI  - Symposium on probable or possible malignant cervical lesions-carcinoma in situ.
      I. Histology of carcinoma in situ. What is not carcinoma in situ?

PMID- 13686039
TI  - Symposium on probable or possible malignant cervical lesions-carcinoma in situ.
      I. Histology of carcinoma in situ. The atypical non-invasive zones around
      invasive cervical carcinoma.

PMID- 13686040
TI  - Exfoliative cytology of ectopy, ectropion and epidemization.

PMID- 13686041
TI  - [On the treatment of transverse presentation].

PMID- 13686042
TI  - [Surgery of the veins].

PMID- 13686043
TI  - Meiosis in Cepaea nemoralis studied by microcinematography.

PMID- 13686044
TI  - A note on the behaviour of spindle fibres at mitosis.

PMID- 13686046
TI  - [Current views on the subject of the etiopathogenesis and physiopathology of
      asthma].

PMID- 13686045
TI  - [The influence of blood supply to the brain stem on epileptic electrical
      activity].

PMID- 13686047
TI  - Clinical evaluation of reserpine with vitamin B1 and B12 (Frigivite) in
      malnourished children.

PMID- 13686048
TI  - [Tasks and problems of school medicine].

PMID- 13686049
TI  - Adaptation to the cardiac necrosis-eliciting effect of stress.

PMID- 13686050
TI  - Sensitization by chloride deficiency to corticoid-induced cardiac necroses.

PMID- 13686051
TI  - [Transplantation of large arteries].

PMID- 13686052
TI  - Histopathological findings in cats infected with Etamoeba histolytica. (A
      preliminary report.

PMID- 13686053
TI  - Polimyelitis prophylaxis in Hungary.

PMID- 13686055
TI  - [Current status of water supply in our country].

PMID- 13686054
TI  - [Current status of epidemic hepatitis in Hungary].

PMID- 13686056
TI  - [Treatment of nephrotic syndrome in childhood].

PMID- 13686057
TI  - Post-operative electrolyte imbalance: current management. Surgical
      considerations.

PMID- 13686058
TI  - Tuberculous spondylitis, a clinical study with special reference to the
      significance of spinal fusion and chemotherapy.

PMID- 13686059
TI  - [Mesenterico-caval anastomoses. Physiological study].

PMID- 13686060
TI  - [Some problems in quantitative determination of neutral 17-ketosteroids in the
      urine. (I)].

PMID- 13686061
TI  - Surgical management of advanced cancer of the tongue.

PMID- 13686062
TI  - Supplementary report: directional effects and sex in kinesthetic after-effects.

PMID- 13686063
TI  - [Multiple bone necrosis due to caisson disease].

PMID- 13686065
TI  - E.C.T. in schizophrenia.

PMID- 13686066
TI  - Admitting schizophrenic mothers with their babies.

PMID- 13686064
TI  - [New results in the blood-brain barrier].

PMID- 13686067
TI  - Admitting schizophrenic mothers with their babies.

PMID- 13686068
TI  - Pulling down the old mental hospital.

PMID- 13686069
TI  - Cerebrovascular disease. VI. Relationship to disease of the heart and the aorta.

PMID- 13686070
TI  - Cerebrovascular disease. VII. A study of etiologic mechanisms.

PMID- 13686071
TI  - Cerebrovascular disease. VIII. Role of nutritional factors.

PMID- 13686072
TI  - Cerebrovascular disease. IX. The medullary blood supply and the lateral medullary
      syndrome.

PMID- 13686074
TI  - Convulsive disorders.

PMID- 13686073
TI  - Common cerebrovascular syndromes.

PMID- 13686075
TI  - Degenerative diseases of the nervous system.

PMID- 13686076
TI  - Diseases of the extrapyramidal motor system.

PMID- 13686077
TI  - Infections of the nervous system.

PMID- 13686078
TI  - Progressive intellectual deterioration.

PMID- 13686079
TI  - The comatose patient.

PMID- 13686080
TI  - The hemiplegic patient.

PMID- 13686081
TI  - Development mesenteric cysts.

PMID- 13686082
TI  - Diverticulum of the renal pelvis.

PMID- 13686083
TI  - Foods and their values. 4. Vegetables and some fruits.

PMID- 13686084
TI  - Foods and their values. 5. Fruit and fruit juices.

PMID- 13686085
TI  - Foods and their values. 6. Cooking and preserving fruit and vegetables.

PMID- 13686086
TI  - Influence of hypophysectomy on oxidative enzymes and size of parietal cells in
      gastric mucosa.

PMID- 13686087
TI  - Surgical treatment of stenosis and aortic stenosis.

PMID- 13686088
TI  - Perceived movement in depth as function of object luminance.
AB  - Thresholds for the binocular and monocular perception of movement in depth for a
      circular stimulus object decreased as target luminance was increased to 0.1 ft
      lam. Above 0.1 ft-lam little change in threshold was observed. Superiority of
      binocular over monocular conditions decreased with higher luminances.

PMID- 13686089
TI  - Listeriosis: report of 5 cases.

PMID- 13686090
TI  - Feedback during training and retention of motor skills.

PMID- 13686092
TI  - Treatment of esophageal strictures.

PMID- 13686091
TI  - The dowel crown.

PMID- 13686093
TI  - Posterior choanal atresia.

PMID- 13686094
TI  - Posterior choanal atresia.

PMID- 13686095
TI  - A simulator for gamma-ray exposure from nuclear fallout.

PMID- 13686096
TI  - Influence of cold exposure on electrolyte metabolism.

PMID- 13686097
TI  - Vi antigens of the Enterobacteriaceae. IV. Purification and properties of Vi
      antigen of S. paratyphi C.

PMID- 13686098
TI  - Opal in the animal body.

PMID- 13686099
TI  - Sodium depletion and renal conservation of water.

PMID- 13686100
TI  - Treatment of pituitary adenomas.

PMID- 13686101
TI  - Growth requirements of 94 strains of thermophilic bacilli.

PMID- 13686102
TI  - Nicotinic acid assay in blood and urine.

PMID- 13686104
TI  - Vitamin B12 in human blood and serum. I. Comparison of microbiologic assays using
      normal subjects.

PMID- 13686103
TI  - Vitamin-levels in blood and serum.

PMID- 13686105
TI  - A second five-years' experience with a highhumidity room.

PMID- 13686106
TI  - Income tax savings in an estate.

PMID- 13686107
TI  - To use, or not to use, accelerated depreciation.

PMID- 13686108
TI  - Angiographic investigation of cerebrovascular insufficiency.

PMID- 13686109
TI  - Bilateral dermoid cysts complicating delivery.

PMID- 13686110
TI  - A persistent hog cholera viremia in young pigs.

PMID- 13686111
TI  - Trypanosomes and dactylosomes from the blood of fresh-water fish in East Africa.

PMID- 13686112
TI  - Trypanosomes of African fresh-water fish: an addendum.

PMID- 13686113
TI  - A rapidly responding narrow-band infrared gaseous CO2 analyzer for physiological
      studies.

PMID- 13686114
TI  - Auscultation of the abdomen in surgical patients.

PMID- 13686115
TI  - C14 studies in carbohydrate metabolism. V. Glucose metabolism in alloxan-diabetic
      rats.

PMID- 13686116
TI  - Erythrocyte survival in experimental anaplasmosis.

PMID- 13686117
TI  - Pneumogastrograms in the diagnosis of acute abdominal disease.

PMID- 13686118
TI  - Replacement of the protoplasm of a giant nerve fibre with artificial solutions.

PMID- 13686119
TI  - Glucose and sorbose absorption at various levels of rat small intestine.

PMID- 13686120
TI  - Bile salt absorption at various levels of rat small intenstine.

PMID- 13686121
TI  - Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, 1930-1959. An
      appreciation of Wiley Davis FORBUS.

PMID- 13686122
TI  - New embedding method for cell suspensions.

PMID- 13686123
TI  - The problem of shock.

PMID- 13686124
TI  - Lingual thyroid.

PMID- 13686125
TI  - Familial adenomatosis of endocrine glands. Presentation of a new family.

PMID- 13686126
TI  - Liver and depot fatty acids in kwashiorkor.

PMID- 13686127
TI  - Ester-linked long-chain fatty acids of nervous tissue.

PMID- 13686128
TI  - Multiple-retrieving small-intestinal biopsy tube.

PMID- 13686129
TI  - Hereditary haemolytic anaemia associated with elliptocytosis: a study of three
      families.

PMID- 13686130
TI  - Electrocardiographic changes following the administration of thyroid stimulating
      hormone (thyrotropin).

PMID- 13686131
TI  - Cadmium poisoning from a refrigerator shelf used as an improvised barbecue grill.

PMID- 13686132
TI  - What price hospitalization?

PMID- 13686133
TI  - Determination of micro quantities of rubber by a modified bromination method.

PMID- 13686134
TI  - A complication of circumcision: probable cause, treatment, results, and legal
      ramifications.

PMID- 13686135
TI  - Cosmetic surgery for small breasts.

PMID- 13686136
TI  - Case of infectious mononucleosis with early spontaneous rupture of spleen.

PMID- 13686137
TI  - Further experience with parametrial radiogold as an adjunct to radium therapy in
      treatment of pelvic lymph nodes in cancer of the cervix.

PMID- 13686138
TI  - Infra-red examination of the association of cornea proteins with water.

PMID- 13686139
TI  - Haplomycosis (adiaspiromycosis) in Sorex.

PMID- 13686140
TI  - [Improvement of the sanitary condition of the Tuzlov River].

PMID- 13686142
TI  - To the history of Russian science; Academician Nicholas Ivan Vavilov on his 70th
      anniversary (November 26, 1887-August 2, 1942).

PMID- 13686141
TI  - [On the problem of the functional state of the thyroid gland in the light of
      remote postoperative results].

PMID- 13686143
TI  - [On the problem of the pathogenesis of paroxysmal paralysis].

PMID- 13686144
TI  - [Instruments for dacryocystorhinostomy without the use of a hammer].

PMID- 13686146
TI  - Reductive deacylation of cephalins with lithium borohydride.

PMID- 13686147
TI  - Metabolism of brain and liver sulfatides.

PMID- 13686145
TI  - [The effect of endogenic hyperthermia in rabbits during different periods of
      gestation on the condition of the fetus and placenta].

PMID- 13686148
TI  - [Tubal pregnancy. Conservative surgical treatment].

PMID- 13686149
TI  - Establishment of a strain of human skin cells on chemically defined medium NCTC
      109.

PMID- 13686150
TI  - [A "steel nurse". A technical aid for lifting and supporting patients].

PMID- 13686151
TI  - The effect of corticotropin on the formation of corticosteroids in vitro.

PMID- 13686152
TI  - [Intra-cranial calcifications in children in toxoplasmosis].

PMID- 13686154
TI  - [Pathological physiology and site of attack of tetanus intoxication].

PMID- 13686153
TI  - [On criteria for assessing experimental adrenal gland insufficiency].

PMID- 13686155
TI  - [A factor obstructing bilirubin determination in the blood serum of newborn
      infant by means of Jendrassik's method].

PMID- 13686156
TI  - The importance of endogenous carbon monoxide in hemolytic syndromes in newborn
      infants.

PMID- 13686157
TI  - [Note on the re-establishment of continuity after duodeno-pancreatectomy].

PMID- 13686159
TI  - The use of cardiopulmonary bypass for the repair of atrioseptal defects and
      pulmonary stenosis.

PMID- 13686160
TI  - [Catheterization of the sinus venosus in the study of experimental coronary
      insufficiency].

PMID- 13686158
TI  - [Endemic goiter and pregnancy].

PMID- 13686161
TI  - [On some surgical problems in the treatment of atherosclerotic occlusions of the
      aortic bifurcation].

PMID- 13686163
TI  - [Antibiotic sensitivity of principal members of parasito-cenosis in diphtheria].

PMID- 13686162
TI  - [On some biochemical changes in patients with chronic coronary insufficiency and
      myocardial infarct before and after bilateral ligation of the internal mammary
      arteries].

PMID- 13686164
TI  - [A case of the isolation of hemorrhagic septicemia pathogens from Rhombomys
      opimus].

PMID- 13686165
TI  - [Antibiotic therapy and prevention of experimental Listeria infections in white
      mice and rabbits].

PMID- 13686166
TI  - [Antitoxic function of the liver in patients with chronic alcoholism during the
      stage of acute alcoholic intoxication and during the abstinence from alcohol].

PMID- 13686167
TI  - [Congenital hypoplasia of the right ventricle and tricuspid atresia without
      cyanosis].

PMID- 13686168
TI  - Enuresis in children.

PMID- 13686169
TI  - Homicidal deaths in infants and children.

PMID- 13686170
TI  - Origins of crime.

PMID- 13686171
TI  - The overuse of vitamins in children.

PMID- 13686172
TI  - Concentration of copper in serum of children with schizophrenia.

PMID- 13686173
TI  - Ceruloplasmin activity and copper levels in the serum of children with
      schizophrenia.

PMID- 13686175
TI  - [On toughening young children].

PMID- 13686174
TI  - Developmental changes in the submicroscopic morphology of the cytoplasmic
      components during microsporogenesis in Tradescantia.

PMID- 13686176
TI  - [On roentgenological diagnosis of tumors of the mammary gland without contrast
      media].

PMID- 13686177
TI  - [5,6-Dimethylbenzimidazole, synthetic first stage for the production of vitamin B
      12 by microbiological means].

PMID- 13686178
TI  - [The effect of sodium amytal on phosphorylase activity of muscle tissue in local
      ischemia].

PMID- 13686179
TI  - [On the question of the lupus erythematosus phenomenon].

PMID- 13686180
TI  - [The organization of first aid for wounded and sick, their collection, evacuation
      and transport from the battlefield during attack].

PMID- 13686181
TI  - [A sole corpuscular antigen for agglutination and complement fixation reactions.
      Properties and preparation of corpuscular antigens from Rickettsia prowazekii and
      mooseri cultivated on white mouse lungs].

PMID- 13686182
TI  - [Biological properties of Rickettsia mooseri after a prolonged cultivation in the
      intestine of body lice. IV].

PMID- 13686183
TI  - The use of phenazocine in cerebral angiographic study.

PMID- 13686184
TI  - [On 5-nitrofuryl-2-hydrazine and some of its derivatives].

PMID- 13686185
TI  - [Prolonged anticoagulant treatment with Sintrom (acenocoumaria). Observations on
      68 cases].

PMID- 13686186
TI  - [On the problem of the production of a highquality native anti-diphtheria serum].

PMID- 13686187
TI  - [The effect of medical gymnastics and balneotherapy on adherent retroversion of
      the uterus].

PMID- 13686188
TI  - [Total consumption of oxygen in a case of late gestosis].

PMID- 13686189
TI  - [Perspectives for further improvement of traumatological aid for the population
      of RSFSR].

PMID- 13686190
TI  - [Results of treatment of diaphysial fractures of the bones of the shin].

PMID- 13686191
TI  - [The skin as plastic material for interposition in arthroplasty of rigid joints.
      (Experimental study)].

PMID- 13686192
TI  - [On the history of the Chair of Normal Anatomy in the N. Narimanov Azerbaidzhan
      State Medical Institute].

PMID- 13686193
TI  - Cancerostatic action of beta-naphtylisothiocyanate on skin carcinoma of mice
      (Preliminary report).

PMID- 13686194
TI  - [Considerations on a case of basophilic leukemia].

PMID- 13686195
TI  - [On the histology and histochemistry of connective tissue framework of the
      visceral flap of the yolk sac of rodents].

PMID- 13686196
TI  - [Natural yellow-green fluorescence of liver sections as the index of vitamin A
      content in the human organism].

PMID- 13686197
TI  - [On the problem of urease activity of diphtheria and pseudodiphtherial bacteria].

PMID- 13686198
TI  - [Free skin flaps in plastic surgery of traumatically amputated finger stumps].

PMID- 13686199
TI  - [Contribution to the study of pyruvic and alpha-ketoglutaric acids in
      experimental and human tuberculosis].

PMID- 13686200
TI  - [On the role of disulfide groups in the production of gels during the acid
      alkaline denaturation of egg albumin].

PMID- 13686201
TI  - Study of the homograft reaction by retransplantation of the canine kidney.

PMID- 13686202
TI  - [Comments on cases of ABO hemolytic disease seen at the Casa de Maternidad].

PMID- 13686203
TI  - Latent pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in patients with hyperglycemia.

PMID- 13686204
TI  - [Internal lymphatic system of the main bronchi in man].

PMID- 13686205
TI  - [Water balance and behavior of Hyalomma asiaticum in the desert].

PMID- 13686206
TI  - [On toxicological characteristics of a new insecticide mercuran].

PMID- 13686207
TI  - [Distribution of radioactive phosphorus in the erythrocytes and bone marrow cells
      during the course of therapy of polycythemia vera. I. Intra-oral administration
      of P32].

PMID- 13686208
TI  - [Radioiodine thyroid function test with the aid of the organic phosphorus
      scintillator and GM tube].

PMID- 13686209
TI  - [Transformation in nodule bacteria].

PMID- 13686210
TI  - Transformation of a strain of Rhizobium lupini.

PMID- 13686211
TI  - [Current therapy: biguanides in the oral treatment of diabetes].

PMID- 13686212
TI  - [Lumbalgia: clinical study].

PMID- 13686214
TI  - [Cervical osteoarthritis. (Clinico-radiological correlations)].

PMID- 13686213
TI  - [Lumbar pain-clinical study].

PMID- 13686215
TI  - Subdural haematoma.

PMID- 13686216
TI  - [Fluorescimetric determination of quinine in drugs].

PMID- 13686217
TI  - [Halofluoric micro-determination of codeine and codethyline].

PMID- 13686219
TI  - [Physiological and sanitary aspects of a new method of work organization in
      agriculture].

PMID- 13686218
TI  - [Role of plasma histaminopexis in the pathogenesis of allergy].

PMID- 13686220
TI  - [A rare developmental anomaly of the stomach].

PMID- 13686221
TI  - Hepatic tests in toxicity studies on rats.

PMID- 13686222
TI  - [Studies on the relationship between diabetes and urinary tract infection].

PMID- 13686223
TI  - [Relationship between bacterial flora of the upper part of the gastrointestinal
      tract and gastric acidity].

PMID- 13686224
TI  - [Effect of antibiotics in urinary infections. II. Changes of bacterial count and
      development of resistance during streptomycin therapy].

PMID- 13686226
TI  - [On pseudo-gynecological pain].

PMID- 13686225
TI  - ["Acute phase reactions" in the post-operative period].

PMID- 13686227
TI  - Studies in blood viscosity; a preliminary report.

PMID- 13686228
TI  - [Ultrastructural changes of the thymus gland of pan-irradiated rats].

PMID- 13686229
TI  - [On the ultrastructure of the thymus in experimental involution caused by
      testosterone].

PMID- 13686230
TI  - [Action of gonadotropins on the ovaries in vitro].

PMID- 13686231
TI  - [On the ultrastructure of the thymus of animals treated with hydrocortisone].

PMID- 13686232
TI  - Septic arthritis. With a discussion of the role of infection in rheumatic
      disease.

PMID- 13686233
TI  - [Mural calcification of the left auricle in mitral stenosis].

PMID- 13686234
TI  - The effect of the level of roughage during the rearing period on the utilization
      of food by adult cattle.

PMID- 13686235
TI  - Retained or residual stones in the common bile duct.

PMID- 13686236
TI  - [Certain observations on the duration of antituberculous bactericidal activity on
      bone tumors].

PMID- 13686237
TI  - [Surgical therapy of tuberculous sacro-ileitis and sacral osteitis].

PMID- 13686238
TI  - [Elongation arthrodesis of the hip joint].

PMID- 13686239
TI  - [Inlay-osteoplastic arthroplasty in osteoarticular tuberculosis of the knee].

PMID- 13686240
TI  - [On the problem of echinococosis of the bone and its surgical therapy].

PMID- 13686241
TI  - [Role of the site in surgical therapy of osteoarticular tuberculosis].

PMID- 13686242
TI  - [The most frequent errors in the differential diagnosis of osteoarticular
      tuberculosis and neoplasms and their causes. Analysis of 84 roentgenological
      pictures and causes of diagnostic difficulties].

PMID- 13686243
TI  - Apparent release of tobacco mosaic virus in living infected cells.

PMID- 13686244
TI  - Forms of tobacco mosaic virus.

PMID- 13686245
TI  - Pulseless disease. Report of a case in an African.

PMID- 13686246
TI  - [Treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis with delta-butazolidin].

PMID- 13686247
TI  - [On the treatment of freshly diagnosed active pulmonary tuberculosis with special
      reference to gluronazide].

PMID- 13686248
TI  - [Operative surgery in pulmonary tuberculosis during oleandocyn therapy].

PMID- 13686249
TI  - [The treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis of unfavorable prognosis with high doses
      of isonicotinoylhydrazone--d-glucuronic acid lactone (Gluroniazid)].

PMID- 13686250
TI  - [Treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis with delta butazolidin in comparison with
      prednisolone].

PMID- 13686251
TI  - [Therapeutic prospects of "polymyxin" in pediaric practice].

PMID- 13686253
TI  - [Determination of arterial pressure by the sphygmoscillographic registration
      method (evaluation of results obtained)].

PMID- 13686252
TI  - [Arterial pressure in the newborn infant (premature and at term). Determination
      and considerations].

PMID- 13686254
TI  - [Observations on the difference of arterial pressure in the 4 extremities of the
      newborn infant. I. On pressure asymmetry in the upper extremities].

PMID- 13686255
TI  - [Anticholinergic therapy of cerebrocranial injuries].

PMID- 13686257
TI  - [Behavior of lactic dehydrogenase in infectious diseases].

PMID- 13686256
TI  - [Considerations on post-anethesia vomiting. Clinical contribution].

PMID- 13686258
TI  - [Control of the level of total cholesterol of workers in a petroleum refinery].

PMID- 13686259
TI  - [Shortening of labor with the use of a synthetic spasmolytic].

PMID- 13686260
TI  - [The test of Conn and Fajans in pregnancy].

PMID- 13686261
TI  - [Considerations on some aspects and problems of pelvic birth].

PMID- 13686262
TI  - [Alcoholism and criminality].

PMID- 13686263
TI  - [Prevention and compensation of accidents of seamen].

PMID- 13686264
TI  - [Malformative associations in patients with congenital anorectal atresla or
      stenosis].

PMID- 13686265
TI  - [Pierre Robin's syndrome. (Clinical contribution)].

PMID- 13686266
TI  - [Splenectomy in childhood. Clinical and prognostic observations].

PMID- 13686267
TI  - [Voluminous asymptomatic hydronephrosis in a 3-year-old girl].

PMID- 13686268
TI  - [Research on changes of thermal resistance of erythrocytes following
      panirradiation].

PMID- 13686269
TI  - [Diazo derivates of amino acids and peptides as possible antineoplastic
      chemotherapeutic agents. III. Activity on Galliera sarcoma of 2 N-diazoacetyl
      derivatives of glycine in comparison with azaserine and DON].

PMID- 13686270
TI  - [Diazo derivatives of amino acids and peptides as possible antineoplastic
      chemotherpeutic agents. IV. Antitumoral action of diazoacetylglycine ethyl ester
      and diazoacetylglycinamide on ascites 180 sarcoma and Ehrilich's ascites
      carcinoma].

PMID- 13686271
TI  - [Diazo derivatives of amino acids and peptides as possible antineoplastic
      chemotherapeutic agents. V. Experimental anticancerigenic activity of diazoacetyl
      D,L-alanine ethyl ester].

PMID- 13686272
TI  - The viability of stored human platelets.

PMID- 13686273
TI  - [Effect of different fixations on the lipid components of the nervous tissue].

PMID- 13686274
TI  - [Mycoses and plans in the field of public health].

PMID- 13686275
TI  - [Histoplasmosis in Venezuela].

PMID- 13686276
TI  - [Statement of the workplan of the Comision Coordinadora del Estudio Nacional de
      las Micosis].

PMID- 13686277
TI  - [Evaluation of the anabolic effect of 4-hydroxy-17 alpha-methyltestosterone].

PMID- 13686278
TI  - Propulsion physics and rocket launching hazards. Near-field launching hazards
      incident to shipboard missile operations.

PMID- 13686279
TI  - Malignant melanoma of the iris.

PMID- 13686280
TI  - [Virus research in 1958. Summary of the research activity of the Microbiology
      Laboratories of the Istituto Superiore di Sanita].

PMID- 13686281
TI  - [Considerations on a case of transdiaphragmatic heria of the stomach,
      intermittent gastric volvulus, secondary anemia and pneumatosis cystica of the
      intestine].

PMID- 13686282
TI  - [Influence of liver extracts, folic acid and vitamin B-12 on the free
      erythrocytic "protoporphyrin 9" level of normal subjects].

PMID- 13686283
TI  - [Arteriosclerosis].

PMID- 13686284
TI  - [Considerations on 3 cases of pheochromocytoma observed in sisters].

PMID- 13686286
TI  - [Shock therapy today].

PMID- 13686285
TI  - [On the detection of tumor cells in circulating blood].

PMID- 13686287
TI  - [On the morphological modifications induced by adenovirus strains in Kb cells
      cultivated in vitro].

PMID- 13686288
TI  - Studies in detoxication. 82. The fate of benzoic acid in some domestic and other
      birds.

PMID- 13686289
TI  - Studies in detoxication. 83. The aromatization of cyclohexanecarboxylic acid in
      hens.

PMID- 13686290
TI  - Function of the separate kidneys in hypertension of unilateral renal origin.

PMID- 13686291
TI  - Maximum print size from minimum facilities-photomurals and the biophotographer.

PMID- 13686292
TI  - Evaluation of the steroid treatment of asthma since 1950.

PMID- 13686293
TI  - Abnormal uterine bleeding subsequent to pelvic surgery.

PMID- 13686295
TI  - The pathophysiology of cerebral concussion.

PMID- 13686294
TI  - The amazing granulosa cell tumor.

PMID- 13686296
TI  - Measurements of menstrual blood loss.

PMID- 13686297
TI  - Studies on the carcinogenic action of motor engine oil additives.

PMID- 13686298
TI  - Is the artery supreme?

PMID- 13686299
TI  - An exercise for the conversion of breech presentation.

PMID- 13686300
TI  - Latent radiation damage and synchronous cell division in the epidermis of an
      insect. III. Spontaneous reversal of effects leading to delay during mitosis.

PMID- 13686301
TI  - Experimental radiation therapy of tumors with I-131-carrying antibodies to
      fibrin.

PMID- 13686302
TI  - [Electrocardiographic norms in the child].

PMID- 13686304
TI  - [Functional gastrointestinal disorders].

PMID- 13686303
TI  - [Aerophagia].

PMID- 13686305
TI  - [Massive gastric hemorrhages: cause and classification].

PMID- 13686306
TI  - [Psychological disorders of the gastric function].

PMID- 13686307
TI  - [Stratigraphic study of the posterior tarsus in the normal subject. With special
      reference to changes of position at rest].

PMID- 13686308
TI  - [On the compensatory changes of the ileum in ileocolic anastomosis].

PMID- 13686309
TI  - [On the afferent loop syndrome in gastrectomized patients].

PMID- 13686310
TI  - [On the behavior of the mesenterial small intestine in gastric resected
      patients].

PMID- 13686311
TI  - [Pseudotumoral aspects of the right colon caused by calculotic and enlarged
      gallbladder. Casuistic note].

PMID- 13686312
TI  - [Functional behavior of the small intestine in diseases of the peritoneum and
      mesentery from the radiological point of view].

PMID- 13686313
TI  - [On calcifications of the peritoneum].

PMID- 13686314
TI  - [On certain uncommon gastroduodenal deformities caused by malignant tumors of the
      pancreas (with special reference to pyloric stenosis)].

PMID- 13686315
TI  - [Intrapulmonary mixing of helium in the normal subject. Proposal of a new method
      and first results].

PMID- 13686316
TI  - [Action of cocarboxylase on tissue concentrations of ascorbic acid and ATP during
      pregnancy].

PMID- 13686317
TI  - [Action of glucose-1-phosphate on the liver content of glycogen and ATP during
      pregnancy].

PMID- 13686318
TI  - [Concentrations of vitamin C in various organs of the pregnant guinea pig].

PMID- 13686319
TI  - [Effect of the administration of a large dose of vitamin C on the tissue content
      of ascorbic acid and ATP during pregnancy].

PMID- 13686320
TI  - [Lactic dehydrogenase in the ovarian tissue in states of inhibition or functional
      stimulation].

PMID- 13686321
TI  - [Relations between glycogen and vitamin C during pregnancy].

PMID- 13686322
TI  - [Tissue ATP during pregnancy].

PMID- 13686323
TI  - [Change of the total nitrogen content in acuts radiation sickness in dogs treated
      with cysteine or with sour milk diets].

PMID- 13686324
TI  - [Early changes in the total blood nitrogen content in acute radiation sickness in
      dogs fed normal diets].

PMID- 13686325
TI  - [Study on changes in motor-defense reflexes in injuries cansed by ionizing
      radiations].

PMID- 13686326
TI  - [On some factors in the pathogenesis of pneumopleurisy].

PMID- 13686327
TI  - How effective is your auziliary?

PMID- 13686328
TI  - Fluorescent antibody studies in human thyroiditis: auto-antibodies to an antigen
      of the thyroid colloid distinct from thyroglobulin.

PMID- 13686329
TI  - Immunological studies on a fkeeze-substitution method of preparing tissue for
      fluorescent antibody staining.

PMID- 13686330
TI  - [Correlative study of the expiratory debits and the expiratory rate measured with
      the "peak flow meter"].

PMID- 13686332
TI  - [Pleuropulmonary suppurations in pneumoconiotics].

PMID- 13686331
TI  - [Daniel's method applied to the diagnosis of silicosis. (Postmortem study)].

PMID- 13686333
TI  - [Bronchial dystonia in a pneumoconiotic].

PMID- 13686334
TI  - [Pneumoconio-tuberculosis and gastrectomy].

PMID- 13686336
TI  - [Control of the efficiency of the pilot-an important condition for guaranteeing
      the safety of flying].

PMID- 13686335
TI  - [Pneumoconiotuberculosis and gastrectomy].

PMID- 13686337
TI  - [The urea level in tears after loading].

PMID- 13686339
TI  - [Scleroderma].

PMID- 13686338
TI  - [Clinical results of an asiaticoside in cutaneous ulcerous lesions].

PMID- 13686340
TI  - [Effect of injuries of the central regions of the hypothalamus on internal
      inhibition in food conditioned reflexes of the 2d type in rabbits].

PMID- 13686341
TI  - [Effect of injuries of the central regions of the hypothalamus on food
      conditioned reflexes of the 2d type and on food selectivity in rabbits].

PMID- 13686342
TI  - Aromatic biosynthesis in higher plants. 1. Preparation and properties of
      dehydroshikimic reductase.

PMID- 13686343
TI  - Aromatic biosynthesis in higher plants. 2. Mode of attachment of shikimic acid
      and dehydroshikimic acid to dehydroshikimic reductase.

PMID- 13686345
TI  - [Congenital aplasia of the gallbladder simulating obstructive cystic calculus].

PMID- 13686344
TI  - Aromatic biosynthesis in higher plants. 3. Preparation and properties of
      dehydroquinase.

PMID- 13686346
TI  - [Role of psychogenic factors in the development of peptic ulcer in stocking
      knitting industry].

PMID- 13686347
TI  - [The role of alcohol in industrial accidents].

PMID- 13686348
TI  - [Cancer of the seminal vesicles causing anuria].

PMID- 13686349
TI  - [Diagnostic problems in diverticula of the bladder].

PMID- 13686350
TI  - Hypomagnesemia with tetany in nontropical sprue.

PMID- 13686351
TI  - The other part of medicine.

PMID- 13686352
TI  - [The regressive patient and his analyst].

PMID- 13686353
TI  - [Behavior of the minute volume and kidney blood supply in arterial hypoxia].

PMID- 13686354
TI  - [The effect of hypervolemia on the minute volume and kidney blood supply].

PMID- 13686355
TI  - [The effect of anesthesia on the course of acute renal failure].

PMID- 13686356
TI  - [Minute volume and kidney circulation in hemorrhagic shock].

PMID- 13686357
TI  - [Renal circulation in hypotensive and hypovolemic states].

PMID- 13686358
TI  - [Bone marrow blood picture in chronic suppurative pulmonary diseases].

PMID- 13686359
TI  - Psycho-analysis of a stammering girl.

PMID- 13686360
TI  - The provision of appropriate treatment: the patient-community.

PMID- 13686361
TI  - Sterile culture of the shoot apex of Lupinus albus.

PMID- 13686363
TI  - A manometric assay of insulin and some results of the application of the method
      to sera and islet-containing tissues.

PMID- 13686362
TI  - On the action of hormones which accelerate the rate of oxygen consumption and
      fatty acid release in rat adipose tissue in vitro.

PMID- 13686364
TI  - Sterilization of regenerated collagen sutures with beta-propiolactone.
AB  - Data are presented to show that beta-propiolactone when properly applied is a
      very effective agent for sterilization of regenerated collagen sutures. The
      chemical sterilization is accomplished with little or none of the loss in
      strength encountered with heat sterilization. The finished sterile suture is
      obtained without any harmful residue that might be detrimental to the patient.

PMID- 13686365
TI  - The administration of oxygen.

PMID- 13686366
TI  - A study of dose and effect in initiation of skin tumours by a carcinogenic
      hydrocarbon.

PMID- 13686367
TI  - The use of L.S.D. 25 (D-lysergic acid diethylamide) in the treatment of the
      sexual perversions.

PMID- 13686368
TI  - An immunologic survey for systemic fungus infections in general hospital patients
      of central Mississippi.

PMID- 13686370
TI  - The histological background to gastric ulcer.

PMID- 13686369
TI  - The effect of histamine on the uptake of 35S by the duodenal mucosa of guinea
      pigs.

PMID- 13686371
TI  - The secretory background to gastric ulcer.

PMID- 13686372
TI  - Mucoviscidosis in young adults. Report of a case in a twenty-year-old female.

PMID- 13686373
TI  - Our nurses plan their time.

PMID- 13686374
TI  - [The rheumatoid disease].

PMID- 13686375
TI  - [Information requested by the industrial physician from the cardiologist].

PMID- 13686376
TI  - [Apropos of the medical treatment of prostatism. Action of deproteinized extracts
      of the prostate of puberal animals].

PMID- 13686377
TI  - [3 cases of total cystectomy for tumor, with ileo-cystoplasty].

PMID- 13686378
TI  - [Bilateral testicular metastases of a prostatic cancer].

PMID- 13686379
TI  - [Dermoid cyst of the left ovary fistulized into the bladder].

PMID- 13686380
TI  - Progress and problems in the neurological applications of focused ultrasound.

PMID- 13686382
TI  - Gamma globulin and immune mechanisms in the chick embryo.

PMID- 13686381
TI  - The use of split thickness skin grafts in the surgical treatment of cancer of the
      mouth, hypopharynx, larynx and cervical esophagus.

PMID- 13686383
TI  - Fatty liver presenting as obstructive jaundice.

PMID- 13686384
TI  - Effect of aldosterone and of plasma extracts on a rat heart-lung preparation.

PMID- 13686385
TI  - Experimental effect of cigarette smoke on human respiratory cilia.

PMID- 13686386
TI  - Differential density separation of cellular suspensions.

PMID- 13686387
TI  - A device for the homogenization and extraction of proteins from Neurospora
      crassa.

PMID- 13686388
TI  - [Gas encephalography in schizophrenic syndromes. Preliminary note on 3 cases with
      massive changes].

PMID- 13686389
TI  - [Further contributions to study of the therapeutic effects of combined reserpine
      and orphenadrine in massive doses in chronic schizophrenia].

PMID- 13686390
TI  - [Is the insulin therapy actually valuable? Considerations on comparisons with
      neuroplegic therapy].

PMID- 13686391
TI  - [On the subject of epileptic psychoses and psychoses in epileptics: casuistic and
      critical contribution].

PMID- 13686392
TI  - [The consciousness of the morbid state in schizophrenia. Clinical contribution
      and theoretical observations].

PMID- 13686393
TI  - [On differential diagnosis of congenital anemias by means of Kleihauer's method].

PMID- 13686394
TI  - [Experimental enteropathy induced by 5-fluorouracil in the rat].

PMID- 13686395
TI  - [Experimental research on the anti-"clearing factor" activity of human
      platelets].

PMID- 13686396
TI  - [Leukocytic doubling time and halving time in chronic leukosis].

PMID- 13686397
TI  - [New methods for the diagnosis of stress incontinence of the urine in women].

PMID- 13686398
TI  - [Sphincterometry in urinary incontinence in women].

PMID- 13686399
TI  - [Intervention in the symposium on pertrochanteric fractures].

PMID- 13686400
TI  - [Personal method of treatment of diaphysial fractures of the leg].

PMID- 13686401
TI  - [Sarcoma of the vulva].

PMID- 13686402
TI  - [Our experiences with electric shock therapy in narcosis and muscle-relaxation
      with leptosuccine].

PMID- 13686403
TI  - [Varicose node secondary to thrombophlebitis].

PMID- 13686404
TI  - Identification of so-called atypical macroglobulinaemia as an atypical form of
      beta 2A-paraproteinaemia: a new immunological entity?

PMID- 13686406
TI  - Influence of extraterrestrial gravitational fields upon plant growth.

PMID- 13686405
TI  - Body sodium 24 measurement for personnel monitoring and casualty assessment.

PMID- 13686407
TI  - Silver phosphate and cobalt glass systems for gamma dosimetry in mixed radiation
      fields.

PMID- 13686408
TI  - Gamma and neutron dose measurements of B-57 sampler aircrews during Kiwi-A Three
      operation.

PMID- 13686409
TI  - Anaerobic metabolism and metabolic acidosis during cardiopulmonary bypass.

PMID- 13686410
TI  - The effect of acute hemorrhage upon hepatic blood flow and splanchnic oxygen
      consumption in dogs.

PMID- 13686411
TI  - The response of the canine iver tounaerobic metabolism induced by hemorrhagic
      shock.

PMID- 13686412
TI  - A simple, sturdy, and inexpensive stimulus generator for nerves and muscles.

PMID- 13686413
TI  - Improvement of the co-efficient of outflow in glaucomatous eyes. Prolonged local
      treatment with epinephrine.

PMID- 13686414
TI  - Tonographic technique.

PMID- 13686415
TI  - Identification of a compound related to 6-aminopenicillanic acid, isolated from
      culture media of Penicillium chrysogenum.

PMID- 13686416
TI  - [Acid-soluble nucleotides of Fusarium sp].

PMID- 13686417
TI  - [The structure of galactosyl-lactose, a trisaccharide produced from lactose by
      Penicillium chrysogenum Thom].

PMID- 13686418
TI  - Action of mycophenolic acid on unstable diploids of Penicillium chrysogenum.

PMID- 13686419
TI  - Isolation of a substance affecting somatic segregation in diploid strains of
      Penicillium chrysogenum and its identification with mycophenolic acid.

PMID- 13686420
TI  - [Clinical observations on the pathological role of Entamoeba histolytica in
      Hungary].

PMID- 13686421
TI  - Pleural biopsy and pleural fluid in the diagnosis of thoracic disease.

PMID- 13686422
TI  - Metabolism of zinc-65 in the rat. Consideration of permissible exposure limits.

PMID- 13686424
TI  - [Recent aspects of chemical anthelmintic research].

PMID- 13686423
TI  - [Blood exchange transfusions in the closed system with a pressure and suction
      pump].

PMID- 13686425
TI  - Refractory anaemia.

PMID- 13686427
TI  - [Functional exploration of respiration in the aged].

PMID- 13686426
TI  - [The treatment of tuberculous complication of coal miner's silicosis by
      combinations of antibiotics].

PMID- 13686428
TI  - [Hemopathic forms of small cell bronchial cancer].

PMID- 13686429
TI  - [Indications and present-day neurosurgical possibilities in intra-cranial
      hemorrhages in the newborn].

PMID- 13686430
TI  - [Syndrome of neonatal jaundice of complex origin].

PMID- 13686431
TI  - [Action of a chelating product, tetraacetic acid calcium disodium on the
      development of Guerin T8 carcinoma in the rat].

PMID- 13686432
TI  - [The action of a chelating agent-calcium disodium tetraacetate-on the evolution
      of Guerin's carcinoma T-8 in the rat].

PMID- 13686433
TI  - [Study of pulmonary ventilation disorders in spondylitis ankylopoietica.
      Modifying action of balneophysiotherapy].

PMID- 13686434
TI  - [Study of the action of synthetic antimalarials associated with physiotherapy in
      chronic evolutive polyarthritis].

PMID- 13686435
TI  - [Contributions to the study of the treatment of inflammatory and degenerative
      rheumatism with radioactive mud].

PMID- 13686436
TI  - [Clinical considerations on a case of polychondrodystrophy].

PMID- 13686437
TI  - [Further experiences on the therapeutic use of griseofulvin].

PMID- 13686438
TI  - [Treatment of tumors of the urinary system with degranol].

PMID- 13686439
TI  - [Bilateral solitary renal cyst. The problem of differential diagnosis].

PMID- 13686440
TI  - [Contribution to the machanism of action of honvan (4,4
      dioxyldiethylstilbenephosphate)].

PMID- 13686441
TI  - [Contribution to the clinicopathology of kidney tumors].

PMID- 13686442
TI  - [On a rare complication following treatment with Honvan].

PMID- 13686443
TI  - [A true cyst of the spleen].

PMID- 13686444
TI  - [Early vascular changes in experimental neurogenic hypertension].

PMID- 13686445
TI  - [Morbidity associated with working disability during 1959].

PMID- 13686446
TI  - Histochemical demonstration of diaphorases and dehydrogenases in normal human
      leukocytes and platelets.

PMID- 13686447
TI  - Air iodine content and energy exchange of the rat.

PMID- 13686448
TI  - [Congenital lymphedema, Milroy-Nonne-Meig disease].

PMID- 13686449
TI  - [Sanitary aspects of water supply for the population].

PMID- 13686450
TI  - [On corrective surgery in rhinoplasty using the V. P. Filatov pedicle flap
      method].

PMID- 13686451
TI  - [Cardiac conditioned reflexes during various forms of atrioventricular block].

PMID- 13686452
TI  - An evaluation of the plasmacrit test for syphilis in a clinical laboratory.

PMID- 13686453
TI  - [Experimental study in vitro of the action of venoms on the morphology of the
      erythrocytes].

PMID- 13686454
TI  - [The antigens of scorpion (Androctonus australis) venom studied by
      electrophoresis and precipitation in agar].

PMID- 13686455
TI  - [Further atempts to sterilize chronic carriers of typhoid bacilli with
      pyrrolidone-methyl-tetracycline (Reverin), with Reverin plus 5-nitro-2
      furaldehyde semicarbazone and with kanamycin (Resistomycin)].

PMID- 13686456
TI  - [Indications and limitations of antibiotic treatments].

PMID- 13686457
TI  - Diabetes insipidus successfully treated with oral aminopyrine.

PMID- 13686458
TI  - [Statistico-clinical observations on 124 cases of acute and chronic leukemia. I.
      Statistical data].

PMID- 13686459
TI  - [Study of the urinary elimination of riboflavin in subjects with typhoid fever].

PMID- 13686460
TI  - [Some data for the biography of Doctor OTERO ACEVEDO, precursor of neurosurgical
      specialization in Spain].

PMID- 13686461
TI  - Comparison of properdin titers in sera of normal subjects and patients with
      leukemia and lymphoma by zymosan and bacteriophage assavs.

PMID- 13686462
TI  - Serum complement and bacteriophage neutralization titers in human infections,
      leukemias, and lymphomas.

PMID- 13686464
TI  - [Treatment of thrombosis and embolisms with human fibrinolysin].

PMID- 13686463
TI  - Glucose tolerance curves in neuropsychiatric patients.

PMID- 13686466
TI  - The use of Wechsler intelligence scales as diagnostic indicators of predominant
      left-right and indeterminate unilateral brain damage.

PMID- 13686465
TI  - [Complicated postoperative course in ileocystoplasty with good outcome].

PMID- 13686467
TI  - Visuoconstructive and verbal responses in chronic brain-damaged patients and
      familial retardates.

PMID- 13686468
TI  - The quantum efficiency of ATP production in bacterial light-in-duced
      phosphorylation.

PMID- 13686469
TI  - On subcellular electron transport phosphorylation systems.

PMID- 13686470
TI  - Coordinating and integrating health resources for older people.

PMID- 13686471
TI  - The need for medical records.

PMID- 13686472
TI  - [Labor acceleration by intravenous orasthinor tokofinal-cardiazole mixed
      injection. (A report on 12 years experience with this method)].

PMID- 13686473
TI  - In vivo infectivity studies with avian mveloblastosis virus.

PMID- 13686474
TI  - [The functional state of the blood coagulation system in healthy subjects].

PMID- 13686475
TI  - [On the problem of thromboplastic activity of the blood].

PMID- 13686476
TI  - [Pathogenesis, clinical aspects and therapeutic principles in intravascular
      thrombogenesis].

PMID- 13686477
TI  - [On the mechanism of increased blood coagulation in acute hemorrhage in dogs].

PMID- 13686478
TI  - [Experience in the treatment of congenital clubfoot by the T. S. Zatsepin method
      with our modification].

PMID- 13686479
TI  - [Hormonal therapy of acute rheumatic disease in children and its comparison with
      salicylate therapy according to our observations].

PMID- 13686480
TI  - [The radiological manifestations of acute pulmonary candidiosis].

PMID- 13686481
TI  - [Oxyhemometric observations on children with acute and chronic leukemias].

PMID- 13686482
TI  - Experiments on the relationship between the nervous system and hair growth.

PMID- 13686483
TI  - [Effect of the decortication on activities of the cardiovascular system. (Review
      of the literature)].

PMID- 13686484
TI  - [Reserpine and gamma-amino-butyric acid content of the brain].

PMID- 13686485
TI  - [Reserpine and glycogen content of organs].

PMID- 13686486
TI  - [Studies on the biochemical principles of the convulsive effect of hydrazine].

PMID- 13686487
TI  - [Pseudolepromatous cutaneous leishmaniasis in Ethiopia].

PMID- 13686488
TI  - [The effect of a milk-curdling agent on emptying of the stomach: its application
      in the treatment of obesity].

PMID- 13686489
TI  - [The 3 main races of man from the point of view of the configurational
      specificity of liver esterase. (III. On the enzyme system and its specificity in
      regard to the systematic arrangement of the animal and plant kingdom)].

PMID- 13686490
TI  - [The genus Hominoidea from the point of view of configuration specificity of
      liver esterase of the silver gibbon, organutan, chimpanzee and man. 2. A report
      on the enzyme system and its specificity in relation to the systematic
      classification of animals and plants].

PMID- 13686491
TI  - [Photochemical hydrolysis of aliphatic esters of phosphoric acid by ultraviolet
      light].

PMID- 13686492
TI  - [Metal ion-catalytic cleavage of the (-CO-NH-)-linkage in peptides and N-acetyl
      amino acids].

PMID- 13686493
TI  - [The effect of metal ions on the phosphate-containing moiety of thrombokinase].

PMID- 13686494
TI  - [The stereochemical specificity of liver esterase as a basis for systematic
      classification of animals, taking Simiae (monkeys) as an example. I. A report on
      the enzyme system and its specificity in relation to systematic classification of
      plants and animals].

PMID- 13686495
TI  - [Clinical, ophthalmological and genetic aspects of neuroretinal abiotrophies in
      pediatrics].

PMID- 13686496
TI  - [A case of influenza encephalitis with isolation of virus A/Asia/57 in the
      central nervous system].

PMID- 13686497
TI  - Effects of chlordiazepoxide in severely disturbed outpatients.

PMID- 13686498
TI  - [Sympathomas in children].

PMID- 13686499
TI  - [Exudative tuberculous pleurisy as an early manifestation of pulmonary
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 13686500
TI  - [A variant of the pulmonary artery-cause of a diagnostic error].

PMID- 13686501
TI  - [On the application of diazil (amyzil) in latent border-line schizophrenia].

PMID- 13686502
TI  - Effect of epinephrine on the dog heart during methoxyflurane anesthesia.

PMID- 13686503
TI  - Sorption of 75 per cent DDT water-dispersible powder on different mud surfaces.
AB  - The loss of residual insecticide particles on absorbent mud surfaces due to the
      phenomenon of sorption has been well investigated from various physical, chemical
      and biological aspects. The present report describes an attempt to correlate the
      relative sorption capacities of representative Indian and African soils and a
      synthetic soil with the physicochemical characteristics of these soils and their
      surfaces. The investigation has further elucidated the mode of sorption of non
      volatile residual insecticides on mud surfaces and the role of certain
      physicochemical factors.

PMID- 13686505
TI  - Disseminated sclerosis-survey in 46 communities of western lower Franconia.

PMID- 13686504
TI  - [Examinations of twins in multiple sclerosis].

PMID- 13686506
TI  - [Successful treatment of allergic agranulocytosis with prednisolne].

PMID- 13686507
TI  - [Effect of large doses of pyrexal, a bacterial pyrogen, on the leukocytes].

PMID- 13686508
TI  - [Evaluation of the therapeutic effects of PAM (pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide) on
      experimental postoperative acute pulmonary edema].

PMID- 13686509
TI  - Physiological patterns: a diagnostic test procedure based on the conditioned
      reflex method.

PMID- 13686510
TI  - Observations on the action of Sernyl-a new psychotropic drug.

PMID- 13686512
TI  - [Some theoretic aspects of psychiatry in Russia and other East European
      countries].

PMID- 13686511
TI  - A comparative clinical study of three hypnotic drugs.

PMID- 13686513
TI  - [Effect of music on the rehabilitation of children with choreo-athetosis. I.
      Effect of rhythmic stimuli on the frequency of involuntary movements in choreo
      athetosis syndrome].

PMID- 13686514
TI  - [On the disease picture of colloid cysts in the foramen of Monro].

PMID- 13686515
TI  - Criminal genesis and the degrees of responsibility in epilepsies.

PMID- 13686516
TI  - Insidious pathology as a problem in delinquency and adjusting degrees of
      responsibility.

PMID- 13686517
TI  - [Electroencephalographic localizations in deficient motor syndromes of tumoral or
      vascular origin].

PMID- 13686518
TI  - [On certain special clinico-radiographical aspects of post-operative peptic ulcer
      in gastrectomized patients].

PMID- 13686519
TI  - [Chlorogenic acid in the cell juice of Solanum tuberosum tubers. (Fluorescence
      microscopic, vital staining and spectrophotometric observations)].

PMID- 13686520
TI  - [Cervical rib. (Pathogenetic and therapeutic considerations)].

PMID- 13686521
TI  - [Pseudoarthrosis in malleolar fractures].

PMID- 13686522
TI  - [Renal function and pulmonary exeresis].

PMID- 13686523
TI  - [Urinary calculosis as complication of fractures in aged persons].

PMID- 13686524
TI  - Cytologic diagnosis of cytomegalic inclusion disease.

PMID- 13686525
TI  - Association of infectivity with alfalfa mosaic virus bottom component only.

PMID- 13686526
TI  - Correlated changes in environment and lethal frequency in a natural population of
      Drosophila melanogaster.

PMID- 13686527
TI  - [Determination of urinary 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid in allergic patients].

PMID- 13686528
TI  - [Acute tubular necrosis].

PMID- 13686529
TI  - Exfoliative cytology in non-malignant conditions of the upper intestinal tract.

PMID- 13686530
TI  - [The significance of the end-expiratory PCO2 during the effort test].

PMID- 13686531
TI  - [Medical instruction of pilots on the use of partial pressure altitude suits].

PMID- 13686532
TI  - Experimental and clinical nephrosis.

PMID- 13686534
TI  - [Hypoxias].

PMID- 13686533
TI  - [The shortening of the work hours].

PMID- 13686535
TI  - [Splenic echinococcosis].

PMID- 13686536
TI  - [Periorbital "rubber" contact eczema caused by an eyedrop pipette].

PMID- 13686537
TI  - [Erythema exudativum multiforme with involvement of the bladder mucosa].

PMID- 13686538
TI  - [A contribution to the histopathology of allergic epicutaneous test reactions.
      Part 3. Results of the tests].

PMID- 13686539
TI  - [Contribution on to the histopathology of allergic epicutaneous test reactions.
      Part 1. Allergic contact eczema and the epicutaneous patch test with previous
      research in the histopathology of reactions caused by the patch test].

PMID- 13686540
TI  - [Contribution to the histopathology of allergic epicutaneous test reactions. IV.
      Discussion of the results of our own research].

PMID- 13686541
TI  - [Contribution to the histopathology of allergic epicutaneous test reactions. Part
      2. General arrangement of personal experiments, special arrangement of
      experiments and results of research].

PMID- 13686542
TI  - [Development of cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis in an adolescent].

PMID- 13686543
TI  - Psychotherapy as a learning process.

PMID- 13686544
TI  - Experimental replacement of the common bile duct with teflon graft.

PMID- 13686545
TI  - [Some remarks on cardial reseaction with presentation of a personal method].

PMID- 13686546
TI  - The bovine estrous cycle.

PMID- 13686547
TI  - Studies on basal metabolic rate and its variations amongst the people of Assam.
      II.

PMID- 13686548
TI  - Infantile eczema and its management.

PMID- 13686550
TI  - Oral contraceptives.

PMID- 13686551
TI  - Why dig the grave again?

PMID- 13686549
TI  - The role of calcium and divalent metals in the coagulation of blood as induced by
      Russell's viper venom.

PMID- 13686552
TI  - Energy metabolism in college girls.

PMID- 13686553
TI  - Utilization of glucose and fructose in different diseases.

PMID- 13686554
TI  - Effect of insulin on serum proteins in scurvy.

PMID- 13686555
TI  - Hexosamine and hydroxyproline contents of tissues in scurvy.

PMID- 13686556
TI  - Metabolism of acetate in scorbutic guinea pigs.

PMID- 13686557
TI  - Congenital malformations of thoracic vertebrae.

PMID- 13686558
TI  - Reactions to homologous and heterologous fibrin implants in experimental animals.

PMID- 13686559
TI  - The medical sciences and the Indian society.

PMID- 13686560
TI  - Analgesics. III. Salicylamide and cinchophen.

PMID- 13686561
TI  - Analgesics. V. Pyrazolon derivatives: antipyrine (phenazone), aminopyrine
      (pyramidon), and phenylbutazone (butazolidin).

PMID- 13686562
TI  - Analgesics. VI. Narcotics. Opium alkaloids: morphine.

PMID- 13686563
TI  - Analgesics. VII. Narcotics. Other opium alkaloids and derivatives.

PMID- 13686564
TI  - A study of male sterilistation at Kanpur. Report 202 casesof vasectomy.

PMID- 13686565
TI  - [The radiological signs of hilar or parahilar metastatic adenopathy caused by
      epithelial neoplasms].

PMID- 13686566
TI  - [Clinico-statistical report of the malignant lymphoblastomas treated from 1928 to
      1949. VIII. Comparative study of the observations reported in preceding articles
      and conclusive considerations on 561 cases examined in the report].

PMID- 13686567
TI  - Effect of water deprivation on nasal mucous flow.

PMID- 13686568
TI  - Anatomical evidence for olfactory function in some species of birds.

PMID- 13686569
TI  - Development microstructure and fluorine content of Alaskan Eskimo tooth samples.

PMID- 13686570
TI  - Continued studies on the problems of PAS dosage.

PMID- 13686571
TI  - [Eldon cards for a complete compatibility test].

PMID- 13686572
TI  - Osteomyelitis following BCG vaccination.

PMID- 13686573
TI  - Variations in serum lipids with fibrinolytic and proteolytic activity in dogs and
      rabbits.

PMID- 13686575
TI  - [Changes of the submicroscopical structure of collagen after action of collagen
      mucoproteinase].

PMID- 13686574
TI  - Collagen mucoproteinase and other collagenases.

PMID- 13686576
TI  - [Chemical studies on the composition of human aortic elements by fractional
      enzymatic splitting].

PMID- 13686577
TI  - [Effects of aldosterone blood phosphorus in the rat].

PMID- 13686579
TI  - [On simple formation of a stump after enucleation and evisceration of the eye].

PMID- 13686578
TI  - [New viewpoints on the problem of early diagnosis of cervical carcinoma].

PMID- 13686580
TI  - [The significance of motor orthoptics with special reference to the muscle
      trainer and convergence trainer].

PMID- 13686581
TI  - Transmission of serum proteins from foetus to mother in the rhesus monkey. In
      dwelling cannulation of foetus without interruption of pregnancy.

PMID- 13686582
TI  - The transmission of homologous serum proteins to the foetus and to the amniotic
      fluid in the rhesus monkey.

PMID- 13686583
TI  - Osteoporosis treatment with nandrolone phenpropionate.

PMID- 13686584
TI  - Appraisal of needle biopsy.

PMID- 13686585
TI  - Contributions to the molecular physiology of thiamine.

PMID- 13686586
TI  - Thiamine-sparing action of ascorbic acid on some lactobacilli and the rat due to
      thiamine disulfide activation.

PMID- 13686587
TI  - [Conservative and surgical therapy of strictures of the urethra in inflammatory
      conditions -- mostly of gonorrheal origin].

PMID- 13686588
TI  - [On a new sternal reflex in severe brain diseases with somnolence or soporfic
      states].

PMID- 13686589
TI  - [A new machine for safe mounting and removal of automobile tires].

PMID- 13686590
TI  - The effects of the tracheal pressure upon flow: pressure relations in the
      vascular bed of isolated lungs.

PMID- 13686591
TI  - [Manual colposcope].

PMID- 13686592
TI  - [Restoration of patency of the fallopian tubes with the aid of hyaluronidase
      solution introduced under pressure].

PMID- 13686593
TI  - [Disabling diseases in mines with silicosis hazards in Pecs VI in 1958].

PMID- 13686594
TI  - The influence of anion penetrating ability on urinary acidification and the
      excretion of titratable acid.

PMID- 13686595
TI  - The effect of buffer loading upon ammonium excretion in the dog.

PMID- 13686596
TI  - [On the use of an x-ray image intensifier in ENT practice].

PMID- 13686597
TI  - Cerebral vascular disease in infancy and childhood. 1. Occlusive vascular
      diseases.

PMID- 13686598
TI  - Neuromuscular diseases.

PMID- 13686599
TI  - Reactions of cytochrome-c with methyl linoleate hydroperoxide.

PMID- 13686600
TI  - Audio-visual patient education.

PMID- 13686601
TI  - Fertility following adoption: report of 31 cases.

PMID- 13686602
TI  - Religious fairs and festivals in India.

PMID- 13686603
TI  - Clinical value of serum leucine aminopeptidase determinations.

PMID- 13686604
TI  - Effects of intermittent irradiation in situ on renal homotransplantation.

PMID- 13686605
TI  - [An unusual case of fetal teratology].

PMID- 13686606
TI  - Bioassay of ciguatera toxin.

PMID- 13686607
TI  - Observations on ciguatera-type toxin in fish.

PMID- 13686608
TI  - The diagnosis of anaemia.

PMID- 13686609
TI  - The treatment of pain and spasm in a variety of musculoskeletal disorders.

PMID- 13686610
TI  - An evaluation of the Feldman prognosis scale for shock therapy.

PMID- 13686611
TI  - Conceptual structure in thought-disordered schizophrenics.

PMID- 13686612
TI  - Therapeutic aspects of aspiration pneumonitis in experimental animals.

PMID- 13686613
TI  - [Use of tick encephalitis viruses growing in tissue culture of chick fibroblasts
      as an antigen in complement fixation reaction].

PMID- 13686614
TI  - [Studies on factors influencing tablet disintegration].

PMID- 13686615
TI  - Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria. Apparent remission after splenectomy.

PMID- 13686616
TI  - The camera in proctology.

PMID- 13686617
TI  - [Vascular diseases and the role of alcohol].

PMID- 13686618
TI  - [Serotonin and its role in mental diseases].

PMID- 13686619
TI  - [Psychoses caused by antitubercular agents-isoniazid and improniazid--and use of
      these preparations in the treatment of mental disorders].

PMID- 13686620
TI  - Clinical evaluation of calorie and protein status.

PMID- 13686622
TI  - [Pathophysiology, clinical aspects and therapy of hypothyroidism].

PMID- 13686621
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of calorie and protein status].

PMID- 13686623
TI  - [The administration of combined phenergan, dolosal and sparteine during labor
      (110 cases)].

PMID- 13686624
TI  - [Importance of the vulvovaginal or urethral smear in the premature newborn infant
      (apropos of 114 cases)].

PMID- 13686625
TI  - [Triple association: grave diabetes, pulmonary tuberculosis and pregnancy].

PMID- 13686626
TI  - [Craniopharyngioma operated on during the 6th month of pregnancy after pseudo
      eclamptic convulsive syndrome. Delivery at term. Simple sequelae].

PMID- 13686627
TI  - [Fatal hemorrhage caused by acoagulation occurring in the 10th day of the
      postpartum period].

PMID- 13686628
TI  - How to measure your public's attitudes.

PMID- 13686629
TI  - [Atypical syndromes caused by pheochromocytoma].

PMID- 13686630
TI  - [Study on the incorporation of radioactive phosphorus (P32) by blood elements
      under the influence of x-rays. I. Incorporation of P32 by the leukocytes of
      irradiated dogs].

PMID- 13686632
TI  - A new concept of emphysema.

PMID- 13686631
TI  - [Study on the incorporation of radioactive phosphorus (P32) by blood elements
      under the influence of x-rays. II. Incorporation of P32 by the erythrocytes of
      irradiated dogs].

PMID- 13686633
TI  - [Tuberculosis of aberrant struma].

PMID- 13686634
TI  - [Effect of rastinon (N-(4-methylbenzenesulfonyl)-N'-butylurea) on experimental
      vascular changes].

PMID- 13686635
TI  - [Apropos of the orientation of surgical treatment of gastroduodenal ulcers].

PMID- 13686636
TI  - [A case of retractile mesenteritis].

PMID- 13686637
TI  - Colonic cross fluctuation sign -- a new sign in the diagnosis of the site of
      colonic obstruction. Preliminary report.

PMID- 13686638
TI  - [Myocardial infarct and medicolegal risk].

PMID- 13686639
TI  - Pupillary abnormalities in myasthenia gravis. Report of a case.

PMID- 13686640
TI  - In vivo measurements of radioiron in the study of some haemolytic anaemias.

PMID- 13686641
TI  - [Radioisotopes in the study of pernicious anemia, hemolytic diseases and
      ferrokinetics of hemachromatosis].

PMID- 13686642
TI  - [Cutaneous epitheliomas. Diagnosis and treatment].

PMID- 13686643
TI  - [Accidents in children. Consideration on the accident cases treated in the Pronto
      Socorro Infantil, in Belo Horizonte, in 3 years].

PMID- 13686644
TI  - [Rehabilitation of the patient with Hansen's disease. (Employment situation of
      the confined and discharged leprotic patient)].

PMID- 13686645
TI  - Prevalence survey of bilharziasis, ascariasis and hookwormn infection in Mussayeb
      Project.

PMID- 13686646
TI  - Familial congenital leukoma. Case report and review of the literature.

PMID- 13686647
TI  - [Serological investigation of St. Louis encephalitis in various regions of
      Ecuador].

PMID- 13686648
TI  - [Juvenile diabetes in Morocco. Some considerations on its treatment].

PMID- 13686649
TI  - [Diabetes: current therapy].

PMID- 13686651
TI  - [Lessons of personal dietetics].

PMID- 13686650
TI  - [Famine in the world].

PMID- 13686652
TI  - [Present-day therapeutics. The hypoglycemic properties of D 860].

PMID- 13686653
TI  - [Renal complications of diabetes of long standing].

PMID- 13686654
TI  - [The hyperglycemic effects of cortisone derivatives].

PMID- 13686655
TI  - [Effect of climatic therapy on certain pulmonary diseases in children observed in
      a pediatric hospital in Velke Losiny].

PMID- 13686656
TI  - [Changes in physical condition and ventilatory function of asthmatic children and
      long term results of climatotherapy].

PMID- 13686657
TI  - [Acute pancytopenia, probably due to hexalon].

PMID- 13686658
TI  - A water-insoluble trypsin derivative and its use as a trypsin column.

PMID- 13686659
TI  - [Delay in diagnosis and treatment of cancer of the digestive tract].

PMID- 13686660
TI  - Attempted induction of forelimb regeneration by augmentation of nerve supply in
      young rats.

PMID- 13686662
TI  - [On micro-traumatic wrist arthrosis].

PMID- 13686661
TI  - [Zinc, manganese, cobalt and iodine in potable artesian water in Kiev].

PMID- 13686663
TI  - [A micromethod for the determination of the dry Streptomyces content].

PMID- 13686664
TI  - [Data on the mechanism of healing of cavities].

PMID- 13686665
TI  - [Photoreactivation (the problem of the antagonism between radiations of different
      wave lengths). (Review of the literature)].

PMID- 13686666
TI  - [Action of x-rays on bilirubin].

PMID- 13686667
TI  - [Effect of x-rays on bilirubin and biliverdin in a protein milieu].

PMID- 13686668
TI  - [Guanethidine, reserpine and acute oliguria caused by burns in the dog].

PMID- 13686669
TI  - Early use of oxygen in coronary thrombosis.

PMID- 13686671
TI  - Management of bronchial infection.

PMID- 13686670
TI  - Inhalational therapy, advances and retreats.

PMID- 13686672
TI  - A survey of dreams in aged persons.

PMID- 13686673
TI  - [High-pressure hydrotubation with hyaluronidase for reopening occluded tubes].

PMID- 13686674
TI  - [On ultrasonics therapy of periuterine inflammations].

PMID- 13686675
TI  - [Dyschondroplasia and hemangiomatosis (Maffuci's syndrome)].

PMID- 13686676
TI  - [Alimentary obstruction of the esophageal tube].

PMID- 13686677
TI  - [Statistical study of certain factors of coronary atherosclerosis].

PMID- 13686678
TI  - Recent advances in rheumatology, 1960.

PMID- 13686679
TI  - [Mental health and the life of the spirit].

PMID- 13686680
TI  - [Vital transference in activating and euthymizing pharmacopsychological effects].

PMID- 13686682
TI  - On the mechanism of cell destruction in haematopoietic organs under the effect of
      ionizing radiation.

PMID- 13686683
TI  - Study of destructive and regenerative processes in the haematopoietic system
      following irradiation.

PMID- 13686681
TI  - Assay of vitamin B12 in blood. A simple method.

PMID- 13686684
TI  - [Proposal of a biological method for determination of the humidity of the
      environment].

PMID- 13686685
TI  - Phage typing and antibiotic sensitivity of staphylococci from hospital patients
      and personnel.

PMID- 13686686
TI  - [The treatment of hyperthyroidism with radioactive iodine].

PMID- 13686687
TI  - [On the function of the thyroid gland in acute radiation sickness].

PMID- 13686688
TI  - [Certain characteristics in the course of giant-cell tumors of the bone].

PMID- 13686689
TI  - [The case of synthetic antimalarials administered in late cutaneous porphyria
      apropos of a case treated by flavoquine].

PMID- 13686690
TI  - [The return of plastic planing treatment].

PMID- 13686691
TI  - [Unilateral black hairy tongue].

PMID- 13686692
TI  - [Tuberculous primary infection and tuberculosis of primary infection].

PMID- 13686693
TI  - [Poisonings in childhood].

PMID- 13686694
TI  - [On the time of a silence. Technical, counter-transference and psychodynamic
      approach].

PMID- 13686695
TI  - ["Protein diarrhea". With a contribution to the problem of so-called essential
      hypoproteinemia].

PMID- 13686697
TI  - [On the potentiation in local anesthesia].

PMID- 13686696
TI  - [Changes in phosphorus metabolism of the superior cervical sympathetic and
      nodular ganglia during various functional states].

PMID- 13686698
TI  - [On the relationship between neuroses and thyrotoxicosis].

PMID- 13686699
TI  - [Certain problems of the pathogenesis and therapy of diffuse toxic goiter].

PMID- 13686700
TI  - [Climacteric and some complications].

PMID- 13686701
TI  - [Gastroenterogenic cyst of the mediastinum].

PMID- 13686702
TI  - [On the problem of the treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis by means
      of extrapleural pneumothorax].

PMID- 13686703
TI  - [On propaganda of adequate nutrition for persons of middle and old age].

PMID- 13686704
TI  - Photochemistry of model oligo and poly-nucleotides. III. Cross-linking and
      staining properties of ultraviolet irradiated films of nucleic acids and
      oligonucleotides.

PMID- 13686705
TI  - [Antigenic properties of domestic "crystalline" somatotropin].

PMID- 13686706
TI  - [Radiation protection in radiographic lung examination].

PMID- 13686707
TI  - [Roentgenopolypragmasia and medical regulations].

PMID- 13686708
TI  - The force-platform: instrument for selecting and training employees.

PMID- 13686710
TI  - [Experience with cycloserine therapy of urogenital tuberculosis].

PMID- 13686709
TI  - [Inhibition of the actin-L-myosin interaction in living and extracted muscles by
      urea].

PMID- 13686711
TI  - [Data on constitutional role of Pelger-Huet anomaly].

PMID- 13686712
TI  - [Form, size and density of the neurons in the cerebral cortex of mammals of
      different body sizes].

PMID- 13686713
TI  - [Results of ablation of the apical ectodermal crest on the development of the
      wing bud of the chick embryo].

PMID- 13686714
TI  - [On the problem of prevention of the injurious effect of prediabetes and diabetes
      mellitus in the mother during pregnancy on the development of the nervous system
      of the child].

PMID- 13686715
TI  - [Contribution to the treatment of recent tuberculous processes of the lung with 3
      antitubercular agents].

PMID- 13686716
TI  - [Therapeutic trial of chlormezanone (Phenarol) in the restlessness-anxiety-fear
      complex in neurosyphilis].

PMID- 13686717
TI  - [New trends in the drug treatment of diseases with elevated blood pressure].

PMID- 13686718
TI  - [Histochemical aspects of the periodontal tissues].

PMID- 13686719
TI  - [Stimulation of labor activity by the use of hormones, pharmacological substances
      and premature rupture of the fetal membranes].

PMID- 13686720
TI  - [Hyaluronidase by venous route in the treatment of intrapelvic hematocele.
      (Experimental observations)].

PMID- 13686722
TI  - Effects of localized doses of high intensity x-irradiation on the cardiovascular
      system of the rat.

PMID- 13686721
TI  - Plasma antidiuretic activity and free water clearance following osmoreceptor and
      neurohypophyseal stimulation in human subjects.

PMID- 13686723
TI  - [Surgical treatment of biliary lithiasis].

PMID- 13686724
TI  - [Electrophoretic investigations of the saliva in Gougerot-Sjoegren's syndrome].

PMID- 13686725
TI  - [On a case of osteoma of the ethmoid: histogenetic considerations].

PMID- 13686726
TI  - [On the therapeutic use of the "trypsinchymotrypsin" combination with special
      reference to neuraxitis and tubercular meningitis].

PMID- 13686727
TI  - [Injector with a manual pump for angiography].

PMID- 13686728
TI  - [Radiological aspects of intralobar bronchopulmonary sequestrum].

PMID- 13686729
TI  - [Cyanides used in tempering. Legal safety standards in its sale in the pharmacy.
      Precautions in its use. Poisoning and first aid in cases of accidents].

PMID- 13686730
TI  - [The profession: unity and organization].

PMID- 13686731
TI  - The effects of 2-deoxyglucose on the growth and metabolism of cultured human
      cells.

PMID- 13686733
TI  - [Apropos of traumatic uveitis].

PMID- 13686732
TI  - Mechanism of resistance to 2-deoxy-D-glucose in HeLa cells.

PMID- 13686734
TI  - [The thromboelastogram in angina pectoris].

PMID- 13686735
TI  - [Treatment of angina pectoris with a new preparation: DIEDI (IS-401)].

PMID- 13686736
TI  - [Problems of technic and dosimetry in complementary Au-198 therapy of malignant
      tumors of the ovary].

PMID- 13686737
TI  - [Habitual abortion].

PMID- 13686738
TI  - [Radioisotopes in obstetrical and gynecological diagnosis and therapy].

PMID- 13686739
TI  - [Radioisotopes in the treatment of tumors of the ovary].

PMID- 13686740
TI  - [Influence of thiourea on the ribonucleic acid content of the rat hepatocyte].

PMID- 13686741
TI  - [Giant cell pneumonia of Hecht. (Histological contribution)].

PMID- 13686742
TI  - [Histopathological data on 10 cases of "tuberculous endometritis"].

PMID- 13686743
TI  - [Tuberculosis of the endometrium (anatomo-clinical observations)].

PMID- 13686744
TI  - The release of histamine from rabbit platelets by means of antigen-antibody
      precipitates. I. The participation of the immune complex in histamine release.

PMID- 13686745
TI  - The release of histamine from rabbit platelets by means of antigen-antibody
      precipitates. II. The role of plasma in the release of histamine.

PMID- 13686746
TI  - [Our experience with rachiocentesis in patients with craniocerebral injuries].

PMID- 13686747
TI  - [Reactions to gamma rays in rats with demedullated adrenal glands].

PMID- 13686748
TI  - [On changes in electrical parameters of skeletal muscle tissues in animals
      acclimatized to hypoxia].

PMID- 13686749
TI  - [Ankylosing spondylitis and radiological integrity of the sacroiliac
      synchondrosis].

PMID- 13686750
TI  - The preparation and characteristics of a purified muscle adenosinetriphosphatase.

PMID- 13686751
TI  - [The treatment of multiple sclerosis].

PMID- 13686752
TI  - [Clinical experience with tolbutamide in Parkinson's disease].

PMID- 13686753
TI  - Excretion of dopamine in diseases of basal ganglia.
AB  - The urinary excretion of catecholamines has been measured in 32 patients with
      disorders of the basal ganglia. Sixteen patients with Parkinsonism (idiopathic,
      postencephalitic, and arteriosclerotic types) had a significantly lower amount of
      dopamine in the urine during a 24-hour period than a group of 24 normal control
      subjects. In a group of 16 patients with various striatal syndromes the excretion
      of dopamine and epinephrine was significantly higher than normal. Norepinephrine
      excretion was similar in the three groups. The lowest mean value of urinary
      dopamine was found in postencephalitic Parkinsonism; the highest occurred in
      Wilson's disease.

PMID- 13686754
TI  - An early defect in Wilson's disease.

PMID- 13686756
TI  - [The Centre de Neurogenetique].

PMID- 13686755
TI  - Dopamine and basal ganglia diseases.

PMID- 13686757
TI  - The nurse, the nursing home, and the law.

PMID- 13686758
TI  - Some effects of litter size on social behavior in laboratory rats.

PMID- 13686759
TI  - Iron binding by vertebrate blood sera.

PMID- 13686760
TI  - Inhibition of lipid peroxide formation by vertebrate blood serum.

PMID- 13686761
TI  - Changes in the lens induced by maternal hypersensitivity in mice.

PMID- 13686762
TI  - Resistance by scientists to scientific discovery.

PMID- 13686763
TI  - [A contribution to the study of the biology of Klebsiella. III. Chemical and
      immunological study of polysaccharides isolated from 2 capsulated strains and
      their noncapsulated mutants].

PMID- 13686764
TI  - Studies on the specific (somatic) polysaccharides of Klebsiella.

PMID- 13686765
TI  - Potassium permanganate as a cause of antepartum haemorrhage.

PMID- 13686766
TI  - The infective diseases in general practice.

PMID- 13686767
TI  - Peritalar dislocation of the foot.

PMID- 13686768
TI  - History of urology in Chicago. I.

PMID- 13686769
TI  - History of urology in Chicago. II.

PMID- 13686770
TI  - History of urology in Chicago. III.

PMID- 13686771
TI  - Bilateral radical dissection of the neck. Surgical treatment for carcinoma of
      mouth and larynx.

PMID- 13686772
TI  - Inflammatory carcinoma of the breast.

PMID- 13686773
TI  - Metastatic malignant melanoma involving both ovaries. Report of a case.

PMID- 13686774
TI  - Angiosarcoma of the breast.

PMID- 13686775
TI  - Hospital infection yesterday and today.

PMID- 13686777
TI  - Staphylococcal infection in hospitals.

PMID- 13686776
TI  - Methicillin-resistant staphylococci.
AB  - Eighteen strains of Staph. pyogenes (nine penicillin-sensitive and nine
      penicillin-destroying) were passaged 40 to 50 times on Celbenin(1) ditch plates.
      All strains developed an increase in resistance to Celbenin and eight strains
      (four penicillin-sensitive and four penicillin-destroying) were able to grow in
      100 mug/ml. or more Celbenin. Resistance was of the drug-tolerant type and none
      of the cultures inactivated Celbenin. There was an associated increase in
      tolerance to benzyl penicillin. The highly Celbenin-resistant cultures isolated
      from penicillin-destroying staphylococci were in sharp contrast to those from
      penicillin-sensitive strains, as well as to penicillin G-tolerant staphylococci
      isolated in vitro, because they retained the cultural characteristics, coagulase
      and haemolytic activity, and mouse virulence of the parent strains, and the
      degree of resistance remained stable after repeated passage in the absence of
      Celbenin. Three naturally occurring Celbenin-resistant strains of Staph. pyogenes
      isolated from infective processes were also studied. All three strains grew
      luxuriantly in concentrations of Celbenin up to 12.5 mug/ml. but very poorly in
      higher concentrations. The possible significance of these findings is discussed.

PMID- 13686778
TI  - The hospital staphylococcus.

PMID- 13686780
TI  - Lenna Frances COOPER, February 25, 1875 February 23, 1961.

PMID- 13686779
TI  - Bacterial endocarditis, Bacteriological aspects

PMID- 13686781
TI  - Copper sulphate and copper sulphide (CuS) as supplements for growing pigs.

PMID- 13686782
TI  - Further studies on antibiotic, copper and zinc supplements for growing pigs.

PMID- 13686783
TI  - Experimental evidence for a theory of hypnotic behavior: 1. "Hypnotic color
      blindness" without "hypnosis".

PMID- 13686785
TI  - Death by suggestion. A critical note.

PMID- 13686784
TI  - Antisocial and criminal acts induced by "hypnosis". A review of experimental and
      clinical findings.

PMID- 13686786
TI  - Physiological effects of "hypnosis".

PMID- 13686787
TI  - The transfer of bromsulphthalein from the plasma to the bile in man.

PMID- 13686788
TI  - [On a case of aneurysmal vertebral osseous cyst manifested in the pharynx].

PMID- 13686790
TI  - [Preauricular congenital fibrochondroma].

PMID- 13686789
TI  - [The anti-hemorrhagic effect of the N-glucoside of naphthionine in
      adenotosillectomy].

PMID- 13686791
TI  - [Adenolymphoma of the parotid].

PMID- 13686792
TI  - [Contribution to the study of tuberculosis of the maxillary sinus].

PMID- 13686793
TI  - [Meniere's disease and tubal stenosis].

PMID- 13686794
TI  - [The "hydergine test" in vertiginous patients].

PMID- 13686795
TI  - [Therapeutic experiences with phenelzine (Nardil) by intravenous route in
      depressive states].

PMID- 13686797
TI  - Two temporary braces for adults.

PMID- 13686796
TI  - Cystic fibrosis.

PMID- 13686798
TI  - [Peculiar localizations of avian aspergillosis].

PMID- 13686799
TI  - [On a strain of Nocardia isolated from the milk of a cow affected with mastitis].

PMID- 13686800
TI  - [Bilateral voluntary scapulo-humeral dislocation].

PMID- 13686801
TI  - [The use of trypsin and chymotrypsin associated with balsams by aerosol in the
      treatment of some tracheobronchopneumopathies. Preliminary clinical experience].

PMID- 13686802
TI  - [Hematological changes after gastric resection. Study with radioisotopes].

PMID- 13686803
TI  - [Hematological disorders after gastrectomy. Study with the aid of radioisotopes].

PMID- 13686804
TI  - [The treatment of pernicious anemia].

PMID- 13686805
TI  - [Blunt duodenal injuries and their treatment].

PMID- 13686806
TI  - [Isolation and identification of 24-methylenecholesterol from the larva of queen
      bees and from royal jelly].

PMID- 13686808
TI  - [Synthetic penicillin].

PMID- 13686807
TI  - [Relations between the chemical structure of corticoids and their anti
      inflammatory property].

PMID- 13686809
TI  - [The action of ultraviolet irradiation on the metabolism of nucleic acids in the
      chick embryo].

PMID- 13686810
TI  - [Mummification of one fetus with survival of the othe in monochorionic twin
      pregnancy].

PMID- 13686811
TI  - [On the chronic occupational osteopathy of the hands of milkers].

PMID- 13686812
TI  - [Research on the metabolism of thiamine-S35 in hypophysectomized and ACTH-treated
      rats].

PMID- 13686813
TI  - [Research on the metabolism of thiamine-S35 in thyrotoxic rats].

PMID- 13686814
TI  - [Action of diisopropylammonium dichloroacetate (DIEDI) on the absorption and
      utilization of protein hydrolysates].

PMID- 13686815
TI  - [Changes in carbohydrate metabolism in subjects with malnutrition and vitamin
      deficiency syndrome].

PMID- 13686817
TI  - [Innervation of the gallbladder].

PMID- 13686816
TI  - [Observations on language test scores in a group of semi-hospitalized children].

PMID- 13686818
TI  - [Human memory and artificial memories].

PMID- 13686819
TI  - [How to treat migraines].

PMID- 13686820
TI  - [The place of anticoagulants in the treatment of encephalomalacia].

PMID- 13686821
TI  - [Evaluation of human memory].

PMID- 13686822
TI  - [Clinico-biological observations on the use of verazide in the therapy of
      pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13686823
TI  - [Corticosteroids in the functional exploration of the adrenal cortex and gonads].

PMID- 13686824
TI  - [Methods of labeling of diphtheria toxin with I-131 for biological applications.
      Preliminary note].

PMID- 13686825
TI  - [Study of the tissular topographic distribution of diphtheric toxin labeled with
      I-131].

PMID- 13686826
TI  - [Behavior of the chromatographic fractionation of urinary 17-ketosteroids after
      tonsillectomy].

PMID- 13686827
TI  - [Immuno-electrophoresis in the study of rheumatic disease].

PMID- 13686828
TI  - [Tonsillectomy and urinary phenol steroids].

PMID- 13686829
TI  - [The phonocardiogram in defects of the auricular septum. Correlation of the
      auscultatory data with hemodynamics].

PMID- 13686830
TI  - [Phonocardiography in pulmonary stenosis. Hemodynamic and electrocardiographical
      correlation].

PMID- 13686831
TI  - Notes on the morphology and taxonomy of the planorbid snail Biomphalaria
      pfeifferi (Krauss) from South-East Africa.

PMID- 13686832
TI  - [On the morphology of Planorbarius metidjensis of Morocco and of Portugal and its
      sensitivity to infection by Schistosoma mansoni].

PMID- 13686833
TI  - [Studies on the elimination of pregnanediol (preliminary report)].

PMID- 13686834
TI  - [Tumors of the parotid region. Analysis of 76 cases observed at the Instituto
      Central (I.C.) of the Associacao Paulista de Combate ao Cancer (A.P.C.C.) in the
      period from July 1953 to December 1958].

PMID- 13686835
TI  - Surgery of extensive cancer of paranasal sinuses. Presentation of a new
      technique.

PMID- 13686836
TI  - [Treatment of cancer of the tongue and/ or floor of the mouth. Analysis of 198
      cases treated at the Instituto Central da Associacao Paulista de Combate ao
      Cancer in the period from July 1953 to December 1958].

PMID- 13686837
TI  - [Biological diagnosis of pregnancy].

PMID- 13686838
TI  - [Flocculation test for the diagnosis of syphillis].

PMID- 13686839
TI  - Nontraumatic hemopericardium. An analysis of 105 cases.

PMID- 13686840
TI  - Histochemical change in endometrium. Normal endometrium.

PMID- 13686841
TI  - Post-menopausal endometrial tuberculosis.

PMID- 13686842
TI  - [Immunochemical characterization of ribosomes].

PMID- 13686843
TI  - [Concentration and properties of anti-ribonucleic acid antibodies].

PMID- 13686844
TI  - [Reactions among variously denatured or degraded desoxyribonucleic acids and the
      anti-desoxyribonucleic acid antibodies in the blood of patients with disseminated
      lupus erythematosus].

PMID- 13686845
TI  - [Russian physician combating a plague epidemic in Roumanian principalities in
      1828-1829].

PMID- 13686846
TI  - [Research on the colicinogenic power of coli bacteria, the agents of infantile
      gastroenteritis].

PMID- 13686847
TI  - [Research on the pathogenesis of acute E. coli gastroenteritis in infancy].

PMID- 13686848
TI  - [The hazards of surgical treatment of fractures of the clavicle].

PMID- 13686849
TI  - [Hypospadias. Clinical and therapeutic study. Apropos of 140 new cases].

PMID- 13686851
TI  - [Hemodynamic changes in auriculovalvular lesions].

PMID- 13686850
TI  - [A complex teratological case (association of exstrophia of the bladder, fetal
      umbilical hernia and absence of the colon, rectum and one kidney)].

PMID- 13686852
TI  - [Pneumonia].

PMID- 13686853
TI  - [Shock, Physiopathology and clinical aspect].

PMID- 13686854
TI  - [Botulism. Clinical synthesis. Personal experience].

PMID- 13686855
TI  - [Postpuberal adrenogenital syndrome].

PMID- 13686856
TI  - [Rheumatic fever].

PMID- 13686857
TI  - [Lumbar spondylosis].

PMID- 13686858
TI  - [Liver catalase: new treatment of gout].

PMID- 13686859
TI  - [The problem of uricolysis: clinico-experimental studies, results of the same and
      possible new method for the treatment of certain aspects of gout].

PMID- 13686860
TI  - [Non-tubercular lumbar spondylitis].

PMID- 13686862
TI  - [Degenerative processes of the intervertebral disk].

PMID- 13686861
TI  - [Interapophysial articulations, and lumbar and lumboscral pain].

PMID- 13686863
TI  - [Vertebral halisteresis].

PMID- 13686864
TI  - [Anatomophysiology and biomechanics of the lumbosacral region].

PMID- 13686865
TI  - [Theoretical concepts and practical applications of hepatocatalase in the
      treatment of chronic gout].

PMID- 13686866
TI  - [Theoretical concepts and practical applications of liver catalase in the
      treatment of chronic gout].

PMID- 13686867
TI  - Prediction of recurrent sequences as related to level of irrelevant cues.

PMID- 13686868
TI  - [Niviline: pharmacological and clinical data].

PMID- 13686869
TI  - [Subdural hygromas. Presentation of a case and review of the literature].

PMID- 13686870
TI  - [Brucellar arachnoiditis. Clinical study. Presentation of 9 cases].

PMID- 13686871
TI  - [Deliriant melancholia. Presentation of a case].

PMID- 13686873
TI  - [The senile mind].

PMID- 13686872
TI  - [Arachnoiditis of the cerebellopontile angle. Study of 14 personal cases].

PMID- 13686874
TI  - [Mental fatigue].

PMID- 13686875
TI  - [Meningioma and glioblastoma. Association in a case].

PMID- 13686876
TI  - [Remote results after surgical therapy of pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13686877
TI  - [Attempted graphic representation of morphological changes in experimental
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 13686878
TI  - Variables related to duration of individual psychotherapy.

PMID- 13686879
TI  - Objective mediators in paired associate learning.

PMID- 13686880
TI  - From tape to chart.

PMID- 13686881
TI  - Electrolyte content of rat heart atria and ventricles.

PMID- 13686882
TI  - Conservative surgery in tubal ectopic gestation.

PMID- 13686883
TI  - The incidence of cancer in Saskatchewan.

PMID- 13686884
TI  - Mortality in a burns unit, with reference to antibiotics.

PMID- 13686885
TI  - Effect of "Chymar" on post-operative swelling of the hand.

PMID- 13686886
TI  - Limitations of home treatment of tuberculosis.

PMID- 13686887
TI  - Why should the physician perform a tuberculin test?

PMID- 13686888
TI  - The mechanism of the vasodilatation in the forearm muscle during stress (mental
      arithmetic).

PMID- 13686889
TI  - [Remedial pedagogics].

PMID- 13686890
TI  - [Tanderil from the clinical viewpoint in internal medicine].

PMID- 13686891
TI  - Perspectives in medicopsychological research with regard to grave physical
      illness.

PMID- 13686892
TI  - [On the role of ethereal oils in prevention of renal calculi: experiences with
      the use of rowatinex].

PMID- 13686893
TI  - The Studiet Health Service in the University of Hong Kong.

PMID- 13686894
TI  - [Basis for a possible total elimination of the fatty tissue from round flaps].

PMID- 13686895
TI  - [Foci of infection in the light of new views on rheumatic fever].

PMID- 13686896
TI  - [On an unusual form of sino-auricular block].

PMID- 13686897
TI  - Reflections of disease in the pulmonary medulla.

PMID- 13686898
TI  - Cervical atresia complicating labor.

PMID- 13686899
TI  - [Mental hygiene and industrial organization in Algeria].

PMID- 13686900
TI  - [Remarkable efficacy of intravenous meprobamate in the treatment of deirium
      tremens].

PMID- 13686901
TI  - Bequeathed his fortune to fight tropical diseases.

PMID- 13686902
TI  - Company's profit goes to fight disease.

PMID- 13686903
TI  - Vaccine from Britain helps sick people everywhere.

PMID- 13686904
TI  - Method for the quantitative estimation of strychine and brucine in nux vomica by
      paper electrophoresis.

PMID- 13686905
TI  - Inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation by aminosidine and other antibiotics, in
      rat liver mitochondria.

PMID- 13686906
TI  - [Apropos of the emergency treatment of metrorrhagia: heroic treatment (without
      pregnancy)].

PMID- 13686907
TI  - [Necrobiotic submucous fibroma eliminated in the postabortal period].

PMID- 13686908
TI  - [Surgical perineorrhaphy of the postpartum].

PMID- 13686909
TI  - [The practitioner facing the obsterical emerggency].

PMID- 13686910
TI  - [The Budd-Chiari syndrome in children].

PMID- 13686911
TI  - [Results of infantile propiocine granulated for syrup in infections pathology in
      infants (Apropos of 71 cases)].

PMID- 13686912
TI  - [Apropos of a case of essential hypoproteinemia].

PMID- 13686913
TI  - [Diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of acute diarrheas in children].

PMID- 13686914
TI  - [Periodic disease (apropos of a case)].

PMID- 13686915
TI  - [On the treatment of mental disorders with 2-chloro-9-(3'
      dimethylaminopropylidene)-thioxanthene. Clinical note].

PMID- 13686916
TI  - The study of natural focal character of the "Tahyna" virus by serological
      examinations of birds.

PMID- 13686917
TI  - [Serological examination of mountain birds for substances neutralizing Tahyna
      virus. A contribution to the study of the role of birds in the ecology of Tahyna
      virus. II].

PMID- 13686918
TI  - [Use of substances neutralizing Tahyna virus by means of paper disks in bird
      sera].

PMID- 13686919
TI  - [Neurological complications of morbilli].

PMID- 13686920
TI  - [Results of a prolonged follow-up of the development after perinatal injuries].

PMID- 13686921
TI  - Osteomalacia in horses. II. Nutrition as an etiologic factor.

PMID- 13686922
TI  - Bowel cleansing in the labor patient.

PMID- 13686923
TI  - Correction of erratic response to hypnotics in elderly people.

PMID- 13686925
TI  - Effect of ultrafiltration on artificial kidney kinetics.

PMID- 13686924
TI  - [Amino acids in the liquid contents of the rumen in sheep fed green lucern].

PMID- 13686926
TI  - [Treatment of chronic fibrous cavernous tuberculosis of the lungs of different
      pathogenesis].

PMID- 13686927
TI  - [On the differential diagnosis of tuberculous and Candida mycosis infected lung
      cavities].

PMID- 13686928
TI  - Oesophageal hiatus hernia.

PMID- 13686929
TI  - [Clinical predictions based on "free criteria"].

PMID- 13686930
TI  - Effects of different radiations on human cells in tissue culture. II. Biological
      experiments.

PMID- 13686931
TI  - Effects of different ionizing radiations on human cells in tissue culture. I.
      Irradiation techniques and dosimetry.

PMID- 13686932
TI  - [Effect of centrifugal acceleration on the content of sodium and potassium ions
      in urine and saliva].

PMID- 13686933
TI  - A comparison of the circulatory effects of angiotensin, vasopressin and
      adrenaline in the anaesthetized cat.

PMID- 13686934
TI  - [Radiographic study of the lymphatic drainage of the peritoneal cavity].

PMID- 13686935
TI  - A new micrometer microscope.

PMID- 13686936
TI  - The complementary nature of light and electron microscopy.

PMID- 13686937
TI  - [Adenosinetriphosphatase activity of the myofibrils of skeletal muscle after
      denervation].

PMID- 13686938
TI  - Carcinoma and ulcerative colitis: prognosis.

PMID- 13686939
TI  - The carcinoid syndrome: its diagnosis and management.

PMID- 13686940
TI  - The prognosis of carcinoma of the colon associated with chronic ulcerative
      colitis.

PMID- 13686941
TI  - Chronic catheterization of coronary artery: induction of ECG pattern of
      myocardial ischemia by intracoronary epinephrine.

PMID- 13686942
TI  - Circulation during exercise in normal dogs and dogs with cardiac valvular
      lesions.

PMID- 13686943
TI  - Renal hemodynamics and sodium excretion in dogs with graded valvular damage, and
      in congestive failure.

PMID- 13686944
TI  - A routine method for the study of leukoagglutinins.

PMID- 13686945
TI  - [Study of the anticonvulsant properties of derivatives of 4-hydroxyglutaconimide
      carried out in mice by different methods].

PMID- 13686947
TI  - [Tumor-like vascular neoplasms of the cervix uteri].

PMID- 13686946
TI  - [Theoretical study of alveolar gas under variable conditions].

PMID- 13686948
TI  - [The disposal of dusts produced during the processing of stone for the production
      of dolomite broken into dust and during the crushing of the stone].

PMID- 13686949
TI  - [Chronaxymetric studies on the excitability of the vasomotor system of the rabbit
      ear based on a visual method].

PMID- 13686950
TI  - [On the morphology of milk secretion. II. With a criticism of the scheme of
      secretion morphology].

PMID- 13686951
TI  - [Electron microscopic studies on reptile and bird lungs].

PMID- 13686952
TI  - [From the cellular theory to a study of cell organization].

PMID- 13686953
TI  - [Staphylococcic pleuropulmonary suppuration in the child].

PMID- 13686954
TI  - [On glycolysis in the liver of rats fed with thyroid].

PMID- 13686955
TI  - [Effect of fatty acids on some hydrolases].

PMID- 13686956
TI  - [Chemotherapeutics in psychiatric practice: new acquisitions].

PMID- 13686957
TI  - [Toxicology of aromatic nitroamino derivatives].

PMID- 13686958
TI  - [Anesthesia in operations on the upper respiratory tract].

PMID- 13686959
TI  - [Influence of vitamin A on the therapeutic activity of lysozyme in vaginal
      trichomoniasis].

PMID- 13686960
TI  - [On a further case of cervical pregnancy].

PMID- 13686961
TI  - [Therapeutic possibilities of lysozyme in trichomonas vaginitis].

PMID- 13686962
TI  - [Orotracheal intubation in the resuscitation treatment of the newborn].

PMID- 13686963
TI  - [Utero-tubal insuffiation. Diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities].

PMID- 13686964
TI  - Rare forms of ectopic pregnancy.

PMID- 13686965
TI  - [On the use of Malmstrom's vacuum-extractor. Casuistic contribution].

PMID- 13686966
TI  - [Angiography in tumors of the thorax, Diagnostic and preoperative value].

PMID- 13686967
TI  - [Value of angiopneumography in pulmonary agenesis].

PMID- 13686968
TI  - [4 cases of acute monocytic leukemia].

PMID- 13686969
TI  - [False mediastinal tumors of vascular or cardiac orgin. Value of gaseous
      mediastinography (apropos of 36 cases)].

PMID- 13686970
TI  - [Principle and technic of gaseous mediastinography].

PMID- 13686971
TI  - [The role of gaseous mediastinography in the differential diagnosis of
      cardiovascular anomalies and so-called "surgical" tumors of the mediastinum].

PMID- 13686972
TI  - [Apropos of a case of gastric dilatation during amyotrophic lateral sclerosis].

PMID- 13686973
TI  - [Leptospira canicola infection of a febrile and meningeal form with uveitis].

PMID- 13686974
TI  - [False images of portal obliteration in splenoportography].

PMID- 13686975
TI  - [Oculosynovial syndrome with pericarditis, probably of neorickettsial origin].

PMID- 13686976
TI  - [The polyuriahyponatruria syndrome of liver cirrhosis of ascitic form and severe
      course].

PMID- 13686977
TI  - [The amount of iron and siderophilin in the ascitic fluid of cirrhotics].

PMID- 13686978
TI  - [Comparative study of the metabolism of iron and anemia during cancers and
      infective states].

PMID- 13686979
TI  - [Histological examination of the products of bronchial aspiration. I. Use in the
      diagnosis of bronchial cancers].

PMID- 13686980
TI  - [Histological examination of the products of bronchial aspiration. II. Use in the
      diagnosis of certain non-cancerous bronchial or pulmonary diseases].

PMID- 13686981
TI  - [What the practitioner might expect from the functional examination of the lungs
      in pneumological practice].

PMID- 13686982
TI  - [Dolicho-mega-arteries].

PMID- 13686983
TI  - [Bronchial and pulmonary manifestations of aspergillosis of the respiratory
      system].

PMID- 13686985
TI  - [On non-tubercular empyema in childhood (casuistic contribution)].

PMID- 13686984
TI  - [The bronchial and pulmonary manifestations of aspergillosis other than
      bronchiectatic aspergilloma].

PMID- 13686986
TI  - [Bronchological study in tubercular empyema].

PMID- 13686987
TI  - [Considerations on the treatment of malleolar fractures].

PMID- 13686988
TI  - Negative reinforcement of two grammatical response classes.

PMID- 13686989
TI  - [The use of biotin in Leiner-Moussus disease].

PMID- 13686991
TI  - [On a case of traumatic diabetes insipidus].

PMID- 13686990
TI  - Electrophoretic analysis of young alligator serum.
AB  - Serum from 30 young alligators was examined by free boundary, starch block, and
      cellulose acetate strip electrophoresis. The patterns obtained showed that the
      alligator serum proteins differ significantly from those of other chordates in
      that an alpha-globulin is the major component. The average ratio of alpha
      globulin to albumin in the serum is 3.4. In this respect it resembles serum of
      human beings with renal disease in which the alpha-globulin ratio to albumin
      ratio reaches 3.0.

PMID- 13686993
TI  - [Radiotherapy of induratio penis plastica].

PMID- 13686992
TI  - [Activities of the Obshchestvo Krasnyi Krest in the program of the departments of
      public health organization].

PMID- 13686994
TI  - External cardiac massage.

PMID- 13686995
TI  - [Tubular plastic surgery].

PMID- 13686996
TI  - [Hydroxylamine and oximes as a source of nitrogen for Aspergillus niger].

PMID- 13686997
TI  - Cytologic studies of cultured cells of the Cloudman S-91 mouse melanoma.

PMID- 13686998
TI  - In vitro behaviour of the pigmented cells of the retina and uvea of the adult
      human eye.

PMID- 13686999
TI  - Studies on the growth of human melanoma cells in vitro.

PMID- 13687000
TI  - [Psychotherapeutic elements in the operation of psychiatric social services].

PMID- 13687001
TI  - Acid phosphatase and reticuloendothelial system.

PMID- 13687002
TI  - [Therapy of hemangioma with dosed freezing: a contribution to reduction of
      ionizing rays in hemagioma therapy].

PMID- 13687003
TI  - Medicine at the crossroads.

PMID- 13687004
TI  - Efferent innervation of mammalian muscle-spindles.

PMID- 13687005
TI  - The morphology of intrafusal muscle fibres in the cat.

PMID- 13687006
TI  - A case of multiple brain abscesses secondary to chronic middle-ear disease, with
      a review of the literature.

PMID- 13687007
TI  - Derivatives of 5-bromouridine as substrates for ribonuclease and polynucleotid
      phosphorylase.

PMID- 13687008
TI  - Biosynthesis of polynucleotides. 4. The utilization of exogenous precursors by
      Candida utilis.

PMID- 13687009
TI  - Stereochemical specificities of some enzymes of nucleotide metabolism.

PMID- 13687011
TI  - An evaluation of electroplexy (E.C.T.) techniques.

PMID- 13687010
TI  - Eight-hourly prothrombin responses after induction dose of coumadin (Warfarin)
      sodium.

PMID- 13687012
TI  - Properties of the erythrocytes of two marsupials: the brush-tail possum,
      Trichosurus vulpecula (Kerr) and the quokka, Setonix brachyurus (Quoy & Gaimard).

PMID- 13687013
TI  - The metabolism of carbohydrate and volatile fatty acids in the marsupial Setonix
      brachyurus.

PMID- 13687014
TI  - Fuel selection and utilization.

PMID- 13687015
TI  - Imipramine in chronic depression.

PMID- 13687016
TI  - The psychological ecology of old people in Midwest, Kansas, and Yoredale,
      Yorkshire.

PMID- 13687018
TI  - Some enzyme transfer reactions involving 2-acetamido-2-deoxy D-glucose.

PMID- 13687017
TI  - Two new amino-sugars from an antigenic polysaccharide of Pneumococcus.

PMID- 13687019
TI  - Monosaccharide sequence in Pneumococcus type XIV polysaccharide.

PMID- 13687020
TI  - Mannosyl D-glucosamine hydrochloride isomers.

PMID- 13687021
TI  - Enzymic synthesis of 3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl D-xylose.

PMID- 13687022
TI  - New data about the structure of antigenic polysaccharides of pneumococcus.

PMID- 13687023
TI  - Thyroxine antagonists.

PMID- 13687024
TI  - Surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 13687025
TI  - [Physiological mechanism of disinhibition during interaction of various types of
      internal inhibition].

PMID- 13687026
TI  - [In memoriam G. A. BATKIS].

PMID- 13687027
TI  - Modern automatic injectors for self-administration of antidotes against nerve gas
      poisoning.

PMID- 13687028
TI  - [On the analgesic properties of various phenothiazine derivatives].

PMID- 13687029
TI  - [On the dependence of pharmacological effect upon the relationship of combined
      substances].

PMID- 13687030
TI  - [On the problem of analgesic properties of phenothiazine derivatives].

PMID- 13687031
TI  - [The effect of phenothiazine derivatives on the action of analgesics].

PMID- 13687032
TI  - Virulence, toxinogeny, and lysogeny in Corynebacterium diphtheriae.

PMID- 13687033
TI  - Toxinogeny in Corynebacterium diphtheriae.

PMID- 13687034
TI  - Social problems of mentally retarded children.

PMID- 13687035
TI  - A study on the incorporation of 14C derived from glucose into the free amino
      acids of the brain cortex.

PMID- 13687036
TI  - Biochemical properties of a virulent and an avirulent strain of group A hemolytic
      Streptococcus.

PMID- 13687037
TI  - [Pesticides, and a case of Dieldrex poisoning].

PMID- 13687038
TI  - [Clinico-radiological considerations on 4 cases of traumatic lesions of the
      femoral artery].

PMID- 13687039
TI  - [Considerations on fractures of the radial head].

PMID- 13687040
TI  - [Acromialclavicular luxations and subluxations].

PMID- 13687041
TI  - [Cylindromatous salivary tumor with special reference to the palatal and
      submaxillary localizations].

PMID- 13687042
TI  - [Relations between the scalar electrocardiogram and the plane vectorcardiogram in
      normal and pathological subjects].

PMID- 13687043
TI  - Melkersson's syndrome.

PMID- 13687044
TI  - Extracellular brain space measured by S35 sulfate.

PMID- 13687045
TI  - Pathological changes in a jejunal graft used for oesophageal reconstruction.

PMID- 13687046
TI  - Problems of achalasia.

PMID- 13687047
TI  - Prolonged treatment of hypertension with Rauwolfia serpentina.

PMID- 13687048
TI  - Macromolecular properties and biological activity of heparin.

PMID- 13687049
TI  - The ausculatory findings in hypertension.

PMID- 13687051
TI  - Myxoma of the left atrium.

PMID- 13687050
TI  - An epidemic of 'acute eosinophilic pneumonia' following 'beer drinking' and
      probably due to infestation with Ascaris lumbricoides.

PMID- 13687052
TI  - Some observations on the atrial sound.

PMID- 13687053
TI  - Correlation of the geographic distribution of multiple sclerosis with cosmic-ray
      intensities.

PMID- 13687054
TI  - Effects on amine oxidase of substances which antagonize 5-hydroxytryptamine more
      than tryptamine on the rat fundus strip.
AB  - Certain substances, 2-bromolysergic acid diethylamide, dimethyltryptamine (3-(2
      dimethylaminoethyl)indole), 2-methyldimethyltryptamine (3-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)
      2-methylindole), and 5-benzyloxydimethyltryptamine (5-benzyloxy-3-(2
      dimethylaminoethyl)indole), antagonize the effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine on the
      rat fundus strip more than those of tryptamine. These substances have been tested
      for their ability to inhibit the oxidation of tryptamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine
      by suspensions of guinea-pig liver and rat fundus. 2-Bromolysergic acid
      diethylamide has virtually no inhibitory activity and it is doubtful if the
      others produce any significant inhibition of amine oxidase in the concentrations
      which antagonize the effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine more than those of
      tryptamine. It seems that the differential character of the blocking action of
      these compounds should be ascribed either to interference with the transport of
      tryptamine (but not 5-hydroxytryptamine) through the cell wall, coupled with the
      block of a receptor common to both tryptamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine, or to the
      existence of separate tryptamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors.The amine
      oxidases of the guinea-pig liver and rat fundus appear to be a mixture of at
      least two types of enzyme, one of which has a higher affinity for 5
      hydroxytryptamine than the other and is more susceptible to inhibition by 2
      methyldimethyltryptamine.

PMID- 13687055
TI  - Steric aspects of drug action.

PMID- 13687056
TI  - Swayback in south-east Scotland. I. Field aspects.

PMID- 13687057
TI  - Swayback in south-east Scotland. II. Clinical, pathological and biochemical
      aspects.

PMID- 13687058
TI  - Evidence for two vascular pathways in skeletal muscle.

PMID- 13687059
TI  - [An improved method for the production of 11-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone].

PMID- 13687060
TI  - [The effect of total roentgen irradiation on protein and water metabolism in the
      brain].

PMID- 13687061
TI  - [Study of a focus of botulism in Hungary].

PMID- 13687062
TI  - [Diagnosis of megalo-ureter in an adult].

PMID- 13687063
TI  - [Post-operative aerosol therapy].

PMID- 13687064
TI  - On the significance of thyroid hormone fractions.

PMID- 13687065
TI  - [On the clinical significance of thyroid hormone fractions in the blood plasma].

PMID- 13687066
TI  - Incorporation of labeled amino acids into a lipid fraction of the isolated rat
      liver.

PMID- 13687067
TI  - [Incorporation of amino acids into a lipopeptide fraction of the liver in rats].

PMID- 13687068
TI  - [Preliminary research on the anti-steatosis activity of a lipopeptide fraction in
      the rat].

PMID- 13687069
TI  - [Induction of tyrosine-alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase activity in the isolated
      rat liver].

PMID- 13687070
TI  - [The transformation of thiamine in the liver].

PMID- 13687071
TI  - [Preparation and properties of a hepatic lipid fraction active on the growth of
      hyperthyroid rats].

PMID- 13687072
TI  - Preparation and assembly of the stainless steel sponge debubbler for use in the
      helix reservoir bubble oxygenator.

PMID- 13687073
TI  - A surgical approach to mitral insufficiency.

PMID- 13687074
TI  - [The surgical treatment of mitral insufficiency].

PMID- 13687075
TI  - The surgical correction of endocardial cushion defects.

PMID- 13687076
TI  - Left atrial myxoma. Report of a case successfully treated using extracorporeal
      oxygenation.

PMID- 13687077
TI  - Profound hypothermia and the helix reservoir bubble oxygenator.

PMID- 13687078
TI  - Abnormal restraints of cleft anteromedial leaflet of mitral valve in endocardial
      cushion defects.

PMID- 13687079
TI  - Diabetic pregnancies in a community hospital.

PMID- 13687080
TI  - Quantitative cytochemistry using directly applied radioactive reagents.

PMID- 13687081
TI  - On the effect of variations in the ambient air on the calibration and use of
      ionization dosemeters.

PMID- 13687082
TI  - The effect of variations in the ambient air on the calibration and use of
      ionization dosemeters.

PMID- 13687083
TI  - Hemagglutinative vaso-occlusion in the pathodynamics of keloid.

PMID- 13687084
TI  - Achieving optimum use of the day hospital.

PMID- 13687085
TI  - Regional perfusion for carcinoma.

PMID- 13687087
TI  - X-ray therapy.

PMID- 13687086
TI  - An evaluation of the sphygmomanometer cuff pain test in venous thrombosis.

PMID- 13687088
TI  - Sodium and potassium excretion in pre-eclampsia in response to sodium para
      aminohippurate.

PMID- 13687089
TI  - Studies in human myometrium during pregnancy. I. Electrolyte levels--preliminary
      reports.

PMID- 13687090
TI  - Basic contributions to medicine by research in obstetrics and gynecology.

PMID- 13687091
TI  - Control of plague vectors on diurnal rodents in the Sierra Nevada of California
      by use of insecticide bait-boxes.

PMID- 13687092
TI  - Magnesium requirements and deficits: an evaluation in two surgical patients.

PMID- 13687093
TI  - A simple and rapid method for mounting serial sections for electron microscopy.

PMID- 13687094
TI  - One factor in increase of bronchial carcinoma.

PMID- 13687095
TI  - A review of the bio-medical aspects of nuclear powered aircraft.

PMID- 13687096
TI  - Immunological studies of mouse radiation chimaeras.

PMID- 13687097
TI  - The role of phloridzin in the host-parasite physiology of the apple scab disease.

PMID- 13687098
TI  - Vitamin supplements and the incidence of colds in high school basketball players.
      A preliminary report.

PMID- 13687099
TI  - Amniotic fluid embolism.

PMID- 13687100
TI  - Stimulus complexity and sensory reinforcement.

PMID- 13687101
TI  - The effects of sensory reinforcement on extinction behavior.

PMID- 13687102
TI  - Reinforcing properties of the onset of auditory stimulation.

PMID- 13687103
TI  - Nutrition of Streptococcus bovis in relation to dextran formation.
AB  - Barnes, Isabel J. (Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y.), H. W. Seeley, and P. J.
      VanDeMark. Nutrition of Streptococcus bovis in relation to dextran formation. J.
      Bacteriol. 82:85-93. 1961.-Three nutritional types of Streptococcus bovis were
      encountered. Minimal media for their growth are described. Transferable growth in
      defined media was always accompanied by dextran production and the nutrition for
      dextran production could not be distinguished from the minimal nutritional
      requirements of the organism for growth. Measurable, free CO(2) was evolved from
      a complex medium during the growth of S. bovis. Several compounds were found to
      replace partially the CO(2) requirement of the species. When fractured cell
      preparations containing S. bovis dextran were employed as antigens, rabbits
      failed to yield sera which would precipitate S. bovis or leuconostoc dextrans.

PMID- 13687104
TI  - Coitus interruptus as a cause of anxiety neurosis.

PMID- 13687105
TI  - Cerebral complications incurred during pregnancy and the puerperium.

PMID- 13687106
TI  - How to make dyeing a pleasure.

PMID- 13687107
TI  - The preparation and pharmacology of some phenolic carbamates and allophanates.

PMID- 13687108
TI  - Observations on jellyfish stingings in North Queensland.

PMID- 13687109
TI  - Tylosin treatment of infectious bovine mastitis.

PMID- 13687110
TI  - The metabolism of griseofulvin in mammals.

PMID- 13687111
TI  - Hemoptysis caused by aspirated glass foreign body.

PMID- 13687112
TI  - Prediabetes and pregnancy.

PMID- 13687114
TI  - Paraplegia in cervical spine injuries.

PMID- 13687113
TI  - The relation of emotional state to renal excretion of water and electrolytes in
      patients with congestive heart failure.

PMID- 13687115
TI  - Overemphasis in nutrition.

PMID- 13687117
TI  - Peptic ulce in a nine year old boy with perforation, obstruction and hemorrhage.

PMID- 13687116
TI  - Toxic hyperplasia of the prostate.

PMID- 13687119
TI  - Infant feeding. Formula feeding.

PMID- 13687118
TI  - Lysine and potassium supplementation of wheat protein.

PMID- 13687120
TI  - New audiometer--hearing aid: the sound pressure equalizer.

PMID- 13687121
TI  - Treatment of severe hypertension with guanethidine.

PMID- 13687122
TI  - Observations on a new hypotensive drug: guanethidine ("Ismelin").

PMID- 13687124
TI  - A defense of sweetness. A nursing care study.

PMID- 13687123
TI  - Arterial grafting for occlusive arterial disease of the lower limbs.

PMID- 13687125
TI  - Functions of the mammalian carotid rete mirabile.

PMID- 13687126
TI  - Survival rates of patients with cancer of the colon in a small community.

PMID- 13687127
TI  - Recurrent attacks of general paresis after 12 and 18 years.

PMID- 13687128
TI  - Tuberculosis control in Saskatchewan--past and future.

PMID- 13687129
TI  - The technique of estimating the instantaneous aortic blood velocity in man from
      the pressure gradient.

PMID- 13687130
TI  - Relationship of aortic pressure and diameter in the dog.

PMID- 13687131
TI  - Attitudes in pediatric research.

PMID- 13687132
TI  - Biochemical classification of yeasts.

PMID- 13687133
TI  - Beryllium disease with death from renal failure.

PMID- 13687134
TI  - Physiological effects of "social stress" in wild rats--II. Liver glycogen and
      blood glucose.

PMID- 13687135
TI  - An adaptive change in an inbred mouse strain maintained in a cold environment.

PMID- 13687136
TI  - The behaviour and needs of infant mammals.

PMID- 13687137
TI  - Connective tissue reactions in acute fatal East Coast fever (Theileria parva) of
      cattle.

PMID- 13687138
TI  - A new type of labour ward chart.

PMID- 13687140
TI  - Investigations regarding the management of the duodenal stump.

PMID- 13687139
TI  - Unanesthetized dogs with increased respiratory dead sace.

PMID- 13687141
TI  - Strangulation obstruction: experimental findings with clinical implications.

PMID- 13687142
TI  - Control of nitrogen oxides in boiler flue gases by two-stage combustion.

PMID- 13687143
TI  - Silicone rubber as a resilient denturebase material.

PMID- 13687144
TI  - Cellular site for prothrombin synthesis.

PMID- 13687145
TI  - [Arterial hypertension in chronic mercury poisoning].

PMID- 13687147
TI  - [Primary resection in peptic ulcer perforation].

PMID- 13687146
TI  - [Histological demonstration of pathological findings a long time after death].

PMID- 13687148
TI  - Haptoglobin and transferrin variants in peoples of the New Guinea highlands.

PMID- 13687149
TI  - [Medically induced abortion in criminal law (with special reference to the
      verdict of the federal tribunal and supreme court)].

PMID- 13687150
TI  - [Pulmonary aspergillosis].

PMID- 13687151
TI  - [Severe cladosporiosis].

PMID- 13687152
TI  - [Principles of public relations for the individual doctor to doctor].

PMID- 13687153
TI  - Suppression of postpartum lactation and prevention of breast engorgement in
      nonnursing mothers.

PMID- 13687154
TI  - A solar daily variation in oxygen consumption of the embryonated egg.

PMID- 13687155
TI  - [Behavior of alkaline phosphatase in the organ of Corti of guinea pigs poisoned
      with dihydrostreptomycin].

PMID- 13687156
TI  - [Investigation of the alkaline phosphatase in the cochlear cells of guinea pigs
      with different levels of deafness].

PMID- 13687157
TI  - [Therapeutic and prophylactic considerations on a diphtheria epidemic in a
      permanent colony of Senigallia].

PMID- 13687158
TI  - [Audiometric study on workers of the Ancona shipyard].

PMID- 13687159
TI  - [Experimental research on Plastic reconstruction in resection of the cervical
      trachea].

PMID- 13687160
TI  - [Recent experience of restoration of continuity of the cervical trachea after
      segmental resection, by means of polyethylene prosthesis].

PMID- 13687161
TI  - [The serum lipoprotein picture in presbiacusia (electrophoretic study)].

PMID- 13687162
TI  - [The study of colloidal equlibrium and of the proteinogram in presbyacusia].

PMID- 13687163
TI  - [Meniere-like syndrome caused by auricular zona].

PMID- 13687164
TI  - [On an especially severe case of Osler-Rendu disease].

PMID- 13687165
TI  - [On an unusual pharyngolaryngeal stenosing syndrome].

PMID- 13687166
TI  - [Role and site of sub-clinical and latent forms of poliomyelitis and their
      significance in the development of epidemic processes].

PMID- 13687167
TI  - [Enteroviruses and their role in human infectious pathology. Aseptic serous
      menintis].

PMID- 13687168
TI  - [Practical significance of dissemination of the vaccinal strain of poliomyelitis
      virus among contacts of vaccinees].

PMID- 13687169
TI  - [An outbreak of smallpox in Moscow during 1959-1960].

PMID- 13687170
TI  - [Contemporary data on the distribution of smallpox in various countries of the
      world].

PMID- 13687171
TI  - [Clinical observations on genetic factors in hereditary spastic spinal paralysis
      with anteposition until early childhood].

PMID- 13687172
TI  - [Spontaneous regression of age in the symbolic drama and its clinical
      significance. Results with experimental catathymic picture reactions. VIII].

PMID- 13687173
TI  - [Ist European symposium for psychotherapy under the influence of LSD-25,
      Goettingen, November 1960].

PMID- 13687174
TI  - Effects of activity deprivation upon bar pressing.

PMID- 13687175
TI  - [Apropos of some cases of blood protein disorders].

PMID- 13687176
TI  - Stimulus determinants of aggregative behavior in the domestic chicken.

PMID- 13687177
TI  - Early social isolation as a determinant of aggregative behavior in the domestic
      chicken.

PMID- 13687178
TI  - Studies of individual and paired interactional problem-solving behavior of rats:
      II. Solitary and social controls.

PMID- 13687179
TI  - [Therapeutic trials of a new diuretic on ocular hypertonia].

PMID- 13687180
TI  - Apropos of the treatment of epithelial cysts

PMID- 13687181
TI  - Melanoma and pregnancy.

PMID- 13687182
TI  - Magnesium deficiency after gastro-intestinal surgery and loss of secretions.

PMID- 13687183
TI  - [Chorioretinitis following tuberculous tonsillitis].

PMID- 13687184
TI  - [What must one think of the hazards of induced labor?].

PMID- 13687185
TI  - [Traumatic facial paralysis and deafness].

PMID- 13687186
TI  - [Apropos of a case of primary tuberculosis of the esophagus].

PMID- 13687187
TI  - [Sequelae of umbilical endometriosis].

PMID- 13687188
TI  - [Treatment of certain cases of otitis exterma by a new antifungal agent:
      griseofulvin].

PMID- 13687189
TI  - Surgical correction of salivary fistula: report of five cases.

PMID- 13687190
TI  - The surgical treatment of panniculus adiposus abdominis.

PMID- 13687191
TI  - Umbilical hernia secondary to cirrhosis of the liver. Complications of surgical
      correction.

PMID- 13687192
TI  - [Role of the hypothalamus in the syndrome of postpartum pituitary insufficiency].

PMID- 13687193
TI  - Reiter's disease.

PMID- 13687194
TI  - Immunization studies with living vaccine of Salmonella typhimurium.

PMID- 13687195
TI  - Diploid heterozygous hybrids from matings between Escherichia coli and Salmonella
      typhosa.
AB  - An Hfr strain of E. coli K-12 has been shown to mate at low frequency with a
      number of strains of S. typhosa. The hybrids, selected as lactose positives,
      retained all other antigenic and biochemical manifestations of the S. typhosa
      parent. A Lac(+) hybrid, S. typhosa strain 643L(+) was remated with the E. coli
      Hfr and plated on minimal media containing L-arabinose, D-xylose, L-rhamnose, or
      L-fucose as the sole carbon sources. Hybrids of the remated strain appeared at
      high frequency on the plates containing L-arabinose, and could be detected at
      lower frequencies on plates containing D-xylose, L-rhamnose, and L-fucose. Those
      selected for D-xylose or L-rhamnose utilization possessed the attributes of
      segregating diploid heterozygotes being highly unstable and continually
      segregating a cultural form typical of the S. typhosa parent. The unstable type
      exhibited most of the biochemical characteristics of the E. coli parent including
      the ability to produce indol, and also reacted with antiserum to both the E. coli
      and S. typhosa parent strains, owing to the acquisition of a thermolabile antigen
      from the E. coli parent. The parent and hybrid strains were examined in detail
      for changes in patterns of phage susceptibility and virulence. Acquisition of
      susceptibility to a number of the T phages, a characteristic of the E. coli
      parent, was observed in one of the hybrid types. A decrease in virulence of the
      diploid hybrid form of S. typhosa in the mouse virulence test was found.

PMID- 13687196
TI  - [Current events in therapy: cobalt teletherapy].

PMID- 13687198
TI  - Eyelid conditioned responses with various levels of anxiety.

PMID- 13687197
TI  - Primary lymphosarcoma of the lung.

PMID- 13687199
TI  - Mechanism of recovery from viral infection in the chick embryo.

PMID- 13687200
TI  - The influence of oxygenation of virus growth I. Effect on plaque formation by
      different viruses.

PMID- 13687201
TI  - [Preparation of glucose-1-phosphate uniformly labelled with C-14].

PMID- 13687202
TI  - Stimulation of anterior pituitary and cerebral cortical glucose oxidation by
      neurohumoral agents.

PMID- 13687203
TI  - [Radiography of the gastric walls with pluridirectional stratigraphic movement.
      Casuistic contribution and comparative study with the unidirectional
      stratigraphic technic].

PMID- 13687204
TI  - [The radiological picture of costal and scapular chondromas and chondrosarcomas
      and of intrathoracic neurinomas and their problems of differential diagnosis].

PMID- 13687206
TI  - [Radiotherapy in mycosis fungoides. Review of the literature and personal
      contribution].

PMID- 13687205
TI  - [Considerations and comparisons of various qualities of radiations used in
      dermatological roentgenotherapy].

PMID- 13687207
TI  - [The problem of the doses to the patients in radiodiagnosis. Data in the
      stratigraphic field].

PMID- 13687208
TI  - The role of vascular factors in the genesis of some types of cirrhosis and
      Banti's disease.

PMID- 13687209
TI  - [Treatment of premenstrual tension with renal extracts].

PMID- 13687210
TI  - [Sulfadimethoxine in internal medical practice].

PMID- 13687211
TI  - [Radical treatment of aneurysms of the abdominal aorta. Presentation of 2 cases].

PMID- 13687212
TI  - [Observations on hearing losses observed in a sanatorial environment.
      (Audiologico-statistical study)].

PMID- 13687213
TI  - Therapeutic use of adrenalectomy in the treatment of ascites.

PMID- 13687214
TI  - [Considerations on acute alcoholic psychoses].

PMID- 13687215
TI  - Endometriosis, some unusual features.

PMID- 13687216
TI  - Varicella pneumonia in pregnancy. Report of case treated with corticosteroids.

PMID- 13687217
TI  - [Apropos of 7 personal cases of foreign body extraction from the respiratory
      tract by means of bronchoscopy].

PMID- 13687218
TI  - [Tuberculous relapses. Causes favoring them].

PMID- 13687219
TI  - A clinical evaluation of an anabolic agent administered to underweight patients
      in a gastrointestinal clinic.

PMID- 13687221
TI  - Change and progress in gastroscopy.

PMID- 13687223
TI  - Nonorganic hearing problems in school-children. Functional deafness.

PMID- 13687222
TI  - Deafness following maternal rubella. Retrospective and prospective studies.

PMID- 13687224
TI  - The activity of various drugs against Trichomonas vaginalis in vivo.

PMID- 13687226
TI  - Gallbladder surgery in the aged.

PMID- 13687225
TI  - Research opportunities in teaching dental radiology. The challenge of the
      unknown.

PMID- 13687227
TI  - Transmembrane resistance of smooth muscle cells.

PMID- 13687228
TI  - Studies on oestrogen metabolism in infants and children.

PMID- 13687229
TI  - Circulating antibodies in reticuloses.

PMID- 13687231
TI  - The chromatin-positive Klinefelter syndrome among patients in mental deficiency
      hospitals.

PMID- 13687230
TI  - Sex chromatin, sex chromosomes and sex anomalies.

PMID- 13687232
TI  - Neck and chest injuries: some techniques in casualty radiography.

PMID- 13687233
TI  - Use of the Fricke dosimeter to measure photoelectric absorption.

PMID- 13687234
TI  - A comparison of two flurometers designed to measure the radiation-induced
      fluorescence of silver-activated glass rods.

PMID- 13687235
TI  - Percutaneous puncture of the radial artery with a multi-purpose Teflon catheter
      for indwelling use.

PMID- 13687236
TI  - Asthma due to parakeet and canary feathers.

PMID- 13687237
TI  - Recovery from obstetric shock probably due to amniotic fluid embolism.

PMID- 13687238
TI  - One-stage staining techniques for the anterior pituitary gland.

PMID- 13687239
TI  - [Limits of practical applicability of the histological study of the vertebral
      column with the purpose of determination of prenatal age in cases of combustion
      of the fetus].

PMID- 13687240
TI  - Evidence that the hypothalamus is responsible for androgen-induced sterility in
      the female rat.

PMID- 13687241
TI  - Production of anovulatory, sterile rats by single injections of testosterone
      propionate.

PMID- 13687242
TI  - [Character disorders in retarded subjects. Post-traumatic asthenias. Their
      treatment with the "B" fraction of serum. (Immunizing gamma globulin of animal
      origin)].

PMID- 13687243
TI  - [On surgical treatment of ventricular fibrillation].

PMID- 13687244
TI  - [Hydrosaline equilibrium in surgical patients].

PMID- 13687245
TI  - [Sudden cardiac insufficiency (so-called "heart arrest during surgery")].

PMID- 13687246
TI  - [Wunderlich's syndrome. Perirenal and retroperitoneal hematomas].

PMID- 13687247
TI  - Enzymatic zonulolysis in lens extraction.

PMID- 13687248
TI  - [Current operative technics and the application of enzymatic zonulolysis].

PMID- 13687249
TI  - [Enzymatic zonulolysis in 1960].

PMID- 13687250
TI  - [Plastic lens for the anterior changer of the eye. Fundamental elements to obtain
      favorable results].

PMID- 13687251
TI  - [On a neuraxitic facio-linguo-brachial amyotrophy].

PMID- 13687252
TI  - [Vertebral vascular insufficiency and arthrosis of the neck].

PMID- 13687253
TI  - Physiopathology of disorders of permanent tone.

PMID- 13687254
TI  - [On the probable existence of hyperactivity of the gamma system in parkinsonian
      rigidity].

PMID- 13687255
TI  - [Microscopic appearance of corneal lamellar grafts cut in the state of deep
      freeze].

PMID- 13687256
TI  - [A new drug very useful in the treatment of broncho-alveolar retention].

PMID- 13687257
TI  - [Albuminuria and pregnancy (excepting acute complications)].

PMID- 13687258
TI  - A combined venous reservoir and defoaming chamber for use in a heart-lung bypass
      circuit.

PMID- 13687259
TI  - [Problems posed by the association "hiatal hernia and ulcer of the sac neck"
      (apropos of 5 personal observations)].

PMID- 13687260
TI  - [The esophageal stethoscope, simple instrument for peroperative control].

PMID- 13687261
TI  - [Hiatal hernias and their complications. An unresolved problem. Therapeutic
      intentions and results].

PMID- 13687262
TI  - [Use of phytic acid and divalent cations for separating alpha and beta
      lipoproteins].

PMID- 13687263
TI  - [Use of phytic acid for separating proteins from dilute biological media. II].

PMID- 13687264
TI  - [A case of combined gastric cancer and tuberculosis. Gastroscopic and operative
      controls].

PMID- 13687265
TI  - [2 cases of multiple embryonal cysts of the liver. Special role of Glisson's
      capsule].

PMID- 13687267
TI  - [Infantile cerebral paralysis].

PMID- 13687266
TI  - [Digestive hemorrhages induced by the ingestion of acetylsalicylate].

PMID- 13687268
TI  - [Medical treatment of non-complicated gastric ulcer].

PMID- 13687269
TI  - [Auto-immune hemolytic anemia].

PMID- 13687270
TI  - [Study by the electric spirogram of the influence of the physical state of the
      gas on the function of Fleisch's pneumotachograph].

PMID- 13687271
TI  - [The course of osteolysis after lesion of the sciatic nerve. Apropos of a case
      followed for 45 years].

PMID- 13687272
TI  - [Interest and dietary value of the chestnut].

PMID- 13687273
TI  - [The quality of fresh vegetables and of fresh fruits].

PMID- 13687274
TI  - Failure of hypophysectomy, adrenalectomy or thyroidectomy to affect response of
      nonesterified fatty acids to fasting.

PMID- 13687275
TI  - [Audio-visual aids in nutrition education].

PMID- 13687276
TI  - [Contribution to the study of vaginal trichomoniasis. VII. Symptomatology of the
      infection].

PMID- 13687277
TI  - The effect of cortisone and hydrocortisone on the plasma levels of corticotrophin
      in the rat, after an acute stress.

PMID- 13687278
TI  - Laryngeal manifestations of allergy.

PMID- 13687279
TI  - Criteria for surgical care in hiatal hernia.

PMID- 13687280
TI  - On the prosthetic group of an RHP-type haem protein from Chromatium.

PMID- 13687281
TI  - The art of administration as it relates to hospitals; the community health
      organizations and other community organizations.

PMID- 13687282
TI  - Cholesterol release from Ehrlich ascites cells.

PMID- 13687283
TI  - Advances in thoracic surgery.

PMID- 13687284
TI  - Uptake of I-131-1-triiodothyronine in various erythrocyte abnormalities.

PMID- 13687285
TI  - Chronic granulocytic leukemia in childhood.

PMID- 13687286
TI  - Cirrhosis in young women.

PMID- 13687287
TI  - Effect of nitrogen mustard in rabbits following exposure to x-irradiation.

PMID- 13687288
TI  - Let's keep background music in the background.

PMID- 13687289
TI  - A clinical evaluation of cinnarizine (Mitronal) in various allergic disorders.

PMID- 13687290
TI  - A pharmacologic investigation of dimethpyrindene maleate (Forhistal).

PMID- 13687291
TI  - [Phosphatases. Certain observations].

PMID- 13687292
TI  - [Comparison between the value of coprological examination and the examination of
      material curetted during rectosigmoidoscopy in cases of chronic amebiasis].

PMID- 13687293
TI  - [Correlation between rectosigmoidoscopic findings and the presence of various
      strains of E. histolytica].

PMID- 13687295
TI  - [Studies on rectosigmoid amebiasis. I. Laboratory diagnosis of the lesions].

PMID- 13687294
TI  - [Studies on rectosigmoid amebiasis. III. Types of lesions present in chronic
      amebiasis and their specificity].

PMID- 13687296
TI  - [Studies on rectosigmoid amebiasis. II. Frequency of lesions caused by chronic
      amebiasis].

PMID- 13687297
TI  - An analytical approach to the problems of phage recombination and reproduction.
      III. Cross reactivation.

PMID- 13687298
TI  - Relation of hypertension to unilateral renal atrophy. A study of necropsy
      records.

PMID- 13687299
TI  - Herniations into the renal veins with special reference to hydronephrosis.

PMID- 13687300
TI  - [Problems posed by a voluminous tumor of the adrenal cortex].

PMID- 13687301
TI  - [Traumatic rupture of the abdominal esophagus].

PMID- 13687302
TI  - [Apropos of surgical hemorrhage of the large vessels of the pulmonary pedicle in
      subtotal resection].

PMID- 13687304
TI  - [Note on the use of taractan in major digestive tract surgery. Apropos of 25 case
      reports].

PMID- 13687303
TI  - Intrathoracic tumours of carotid body type (chemodectoma).

PMID- 13687305
TI  - [Obstetrical advances in 1960].

PMID- 13687306
TI  - [Clinical surveillance of the pregnant woman].

PMID- 13687307
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of chronic cor pulmonale in respiratory
      insufficiencies].

PMID- 13687308
TI  - The influence of thyroid powder and thyroxine upon the growth of rainbow trout
      (Salmo gairdnerii).

PMID- 13687309
TI  - Medical examination refused.

PMID- 13687310
TI  - [Current studies on sex chromatin].

PMID- 13687311
TI  - Clinical features of pulmonary embolism.

PMID- 13687312
TI  - Metabolic and ultrastructural changes induced in adipose tissue by insulin.
AB  - The addition in vitro of insulin to rat adipose tissue (epididymal) produces
      marked metabolic changes which may be followed by measurement of the net gas
      exchange of the tissue. Using this method to monitor the metabolic action of
      insulin, concomitant observations with the electron microscope on the tissue have
      been made. These reveal that pronounced morphological changes are induced by
      insulin. The plasma membranes of the adipose cells become invaginated at many
      sites to form minute finger-like indentations. Numerous tiny, membrane-bounded
      vesicles are also present and arranged in relationship to the plasma membrane in
      such a way as to suggest that their formation occurred when a recessed fold was
      pinched off. Deeper in the cytoplasm, especially in specimens that had been
      incubated a longer time, numerous large, smooth, membrane-limited vesicles are
      seen. Finally, in these incubated specimens the cytoplasmic matrix has lost much
      of its granular nature, small lipid droplets are frequently found in the
      cytoplasm and suggestive changes have occurred in mitochondria. In control
      specimens, incubated without insulin for identical periods of time, indentations
      and vesicles in the plasma membrane are sparse at best and no vesicles or
      membrane-bound spaces appear deeper in the cytoplasm. The metabolic and
      morphologic changes induced by insulin seem to be interdependent events. Both
      changes appear to be initiated rapidly and concomitantly in the tissue. Both
      processes are initiated by insulin at concentrations considered to be
      physiological, 0.004 microg. (100 microunits) per ml. Insulin treated with alkali
      fails to initiate either process. It is concluded that insulin initiates
      pinocytosis in rat adipose tissue and the possible significance of this process
      in the mode of action of insulin is discussed.

PMID- 13687313
TI  - [A case of malignant staphylococcal infection of the face with thrombophlebitis
      of the cranial sinuses and otomastoiditis].

PMID- 13687314
TI  - Defects of vision and hearing.

PMID- 13687315
TI  - A quantitative investigation of clinical speech and hearing facilities in
      Connecticut.

PMID- 13687316
TI  - Further experiences with methylated thiobarbiturates.

PMID- 13687317
TI  - The recently introduced rapidlyacting barbiturates; a review and critical
      appraisal in relation to thiopentone.

PMID- 13687318
TI  - Neuropathy with malignant tumor metastases.

PMID- 13687319
TI  - Response of lysosomes of bulbospinal motoneurons to axon section.

PMID- 13687320
TI  - Histochemical study of neuronal necrosis produced by intracerebral injection of
      diphtheria toxin.

PMID- 13687321
TI  - [Present use of cytostatic drugs. Round table discussion].

PMID- 13687322
TI  - [Normal values of haptoglobin concentration in the population of continental
      Portugal. Preliminary results].

PMID- 13687323
TI  - [Attempted determination of the frequency of the haptoglobin groups in the
      population of continental Portugal preliminary results].

PMID- 13687324
TI  - [Amyloid degeneration].

PMID- 13687325
TI  - [Intensive leprosy survey in Santa Gertrudes].

PMID- 13687326
TI  - [The utilization of threats and fear in health education programs (with special
      reference to leprosy). Terms that arouse "fear"].

PMID- 13687327
TI  - [Considerations on eugenics apropos of schizophrenia and chronic alcoholism].

PMID- 13687328
TI  - [Contribution to the clinical and epidemiological study of intestinal parasitoses
      in infants and preschool children].

PMID- 13687329
TI  - [Ureteroneocystostomy].

PMID- 13687330
TI  - [Recourse to the Folley probe as a tactic in the surgical cure of vesicovaginal
      fistula].

PMID- 13687331
TI  - [Use of the Folley catheter in the surgical treatment of vesicovaginal fistulas].

PMID- 13687332
TI  - [Syndrome of deficient intestinal absorption. Description and concept].

PMID- 13687333
TI  - [Section and anastomosis of the primitive carotid in exeresis of tumors of the
      neck].

PMID- 13687334
TI  - [Symposium on carotid body tumor. 5. Pathological anatomy].

PMID- 13687335
TI  - [The pharmaceutical profession: its autonomy].

PMID- 13687337
TI  - The estimation of lithium in blood.

PMID- 13687336
TI  - Haemoglobin 'Barts'--a rare abnormality in the newborn.

PMID- 13687338
TI  - Haemoglobins of foetal C57BL/6 mice.

PMID- 13687339
TI  - Haemoglobins of foetal CBA mice.

PMID- 13687340
TI  - Construct validity of three masculinity-femininity tests.

PMID- 13687341
TI  - The Stein-Leventhal syndrome.

PMID- 13687342
TI  - The management of toxaemic states in pregnancy.

PMID- 13687343
TI  - Transfer of glucose and fluid by different parts of the small intestine of the
      rat.

PMID- 13687344
TI  - The Ombredanne inhaler.

PMID- 13687345
TI  - Season of birth. An epidemiological study in psychiatry.

PMID- 13687346
TI  - [Research on the posthypophysiomimetic activity of extracts of guinea-pig
      amygdaloid nuclei].

PMID- 13687347
TI  - [Research on the neurosecretoendocrine effects of certain cortico-inhibitors].

PMID- 13687348
TI  - [Preliminary study with electron microscopy on the medial eminence in the guinea
      pig].

PMID- 13687349
TI  - [Research on the hypothalamic innervation of the medial eminence in the guinea
      pig].

PMID- 13687350
TI  - A high-power noise amplifier with an electronic keying system.

PMID- 13687351
TI  - Mannitol infusion. III. The acute effect of the intravenous infusion of mannitol
      on blood and plasma volumes.

PMID- 13687352
TI  - Mannitol infusion. II. The prevention of acute functional renal failure during
      resection of an aneurysm of the abdominal aorta.

PMID- 13687353
TI  - Mannitolization. I. The prevention and therapy of oliguria associated with cross
      clamping of the abdominal aorta.

PMID- 13687354
TI  - [Apropos of 3 cases of non-neoplastic sigmoid visceral fistulas].

PMID- 13687355
TI  - Planning an environmental survey for a nuclear power plant site.

PMID- 13687356
TI  - The deposition of radioiodine in the thyroids of rats following inhalation of the
      vapour.

PMID- 13687357
TI  - Equilibrium sedimentation of influenza virus in caesium chloride density
      gradients.

PMID- 13687358
TI  - The multiplication of influenza virus. I. The formation of incomplete virus.

PMID- 13687359
TI  - The multiplication of influenza virus. II. Multiplicity reactivation of
      ultraviolet irradiated virus.

PMID- 13687360
TI  - The multiplication of influenza virus. III. Heterologous interference.

PMID- 13687361
TI  - Hospital emergency departments: case study predicts load variation patterns.

PMID- 13687362
TI  - Absorption, distribution and retention of the riminocompounds in the experimental
      animal.

PMID- 13687363
TI  - Isodose curves about the beds of patients containing intracavitary radium or
      cobalt 60 sources.

PMID- 13687364
TI  - Fluphenazine use with chronic psychotic patients.

PMID- 13687365
TI  - Couseling the paretn of the brain-damaged child.

PMID- 13687366
TI  - Modification of characteristics of an in vitro mouse cell line after an increase
      of its tumor-producing capacity.

PMID- 13687367
TI  - [Evolutive and permanent characteristics of human and rabbit cells during their
      adaptation to life in vitro].

PMID- 13687368
TI  - Continuous phase contrast observation of cells infected with Mengo-EMC viruses.

PMID- 13687369
TI  - "Hybrid" type cells in combined cultures of two different mammalian cell strains.

PMID- 13687370
TI  - [On the method of execution of registration and analysis of morbdity with loss of
      working capacity in an industrial enterprise].

PMID- 13687371
TI  - Quinine idiosyncracy and optic atrophy.

PMID- 13687372
TI  - Theapeutic considerations in hepatocerbebral introxication.

PMID- 13687373
TI  - [Remote results after the succesful reimplantation of the hand hangnig on a small
      piece of skin].

PMID- 13687374
TI  - [A meeting of M. P. Pogodin with J. E. PURKYNE].

PMID- 13687375
TI  - [Studies on penicillin concentrations in dog tissues and blood after its
      administration with the aid of electrophoresis].

PMID- 13687376
TI  - [Studies on the passage of penicillin into the tissue from dressings soaked with
      its solutions].

PMID- 13687377
TI  - [The role of blood coagulation factors in the pathogenesis of thrombosis.
      Prelimnary reprot].

PMID- 13687378
TI  - [The role of blood coagulation factors in thrombosis. Preliminary communication].

PMID- 13687379
TI  - [On ematological nomenclature].

PMID- 13687381
TI  - [Problem of the diagnosis of Turner's syndrome].

PMID- 13687380
TI  - [Gamma globulins in the treatment of bacterial diseases].

PMID- 13687382
TI  - Juvenile obesity. Investigations of carbohydrate and fat metabolism.

PMID- 13687383
TI  - [Detection of amino acids in te urine of diabetic patients].

PMID- 13687384
TI  - [Effect of acetoacetic acid on the blood sugar level].

PMID- 13687385
TI  - [The organization and results of preventive orthopedic examination in the Vas
      region].

PMID- 13687386
TI  - [Amaurosis as a complication in rhinogenic retrobulbar abscess operated on under
      potentiated anesthesia].

PMID- 13687387
TI  - [An interesting case of acute overflow of the tracheobronchial tree].

PMID- 13687388
TI  - [Considerations on capillary permeability in patiens with chronic disease of the
      tonsills. Early results of therapeutic trials of prednisone].

PMID- 13687389
TI  - [On the subject of intralaryngotracheal strunas. Considerations on a case of
      laryngotracheal compression by goiter].

PMID- 13687390
TI  - [On the theoretical and practical value of the hyaluronidase tonsiler "test"].

PMID- 13687391
TI  - [The prognostic-therapeutic problem of cancer of the larynx. (Considerations on
      128 surgical cases in the Clinica O. R. L. di Pisa from 1952 to 1958)].

PMID- 13687392
TI  - [Observations on relations between isolation of group A hemolytic beta
      streptococcus and antistreptococcal antibodies].

PMID- 13687393
TI  - [Clinical contribution and functional observations on sporadic congentical goiter
      in the newborn].

PMID- 13687394
TI  - "Bone chip at-site". Skull homograft in a child. Preliminary report.

PMID- 13687395
TI  - [Enteritis and sprue--malabsorption syndrome].

PMID- 13687396
TI  - Propagation and titration of vaccinia virus in bovine epidermal cells.

PMID- 13687397
TI  - [Changes in enzyme (GOT, LD and Al) activity of the ovary of rats after
      gonadotropin stimulation in conditiosn of altered thyroid function].

PMID- 13687398
TI  - [Modifications in some enzymatic activities (glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase.
      lactic dehydrogenase, aldolase) in the uterus of the rat under stimulation by
      estradiol and progresterone, in conditions of varied thyroid activity].

PMID- 13687399
TI  - [Obstetrical considerations on pre maturity. Clinico-statistical study].

PMID- 13687400
TI  - [Study of thryoid function in nephropathy of pregnancy].

PMID- 13687401
TI  - Narcolepsy, a condition misdiagnosed as hypothyroidism.

PMID- 13687402
TI  - [The diffusion of O2 in the capillaries and its practical significance].

PMID- 13687403
TI  - Further observations on the in vitro activity of the anti-hemolytic streptococcus
      factor present in saliva.

PMID- 13687404
TI  - Role of the veins in venous retunr.

PMID- 13687406
TI  - The secret of medical practice.

PMID- 13687405
TI  - Psychiatric aspects of medical practice. Emotional reactiosn to illness.

PMID- 13687407
TI  - [Shock therapy during pregnancy].

PMID- 13687408
TI  - [Electrocardiographic changes in patients with chronic suppurative highmoritis].

PMID- 13687409
TI  - Rupture of pregnancy in a redimentary uterine horn.

PMID- 13687410
TI  - The nature of the neonatal plmonary hyaline membrane.

PMID- 13687411
TI  - Cesarean section anesthesia.

PMID- 13687412
TI  - Median episiotomies and complete perineal lacerations.

PMID- 13687413
TI  - [Metastasizing carcinoid of the small intestine].

PMID- 13687414
TI  - [Research on the effects of roentgenotherapy in experimetnal tumors of animals
      with varation of fractionation rhythm].

PMID- 13687415
TI  - [On the effects of the paratumoral and intramuscular injection of an organ
      extract which increase cell respiration on the mousre sarcoma S 180 during
      radiotherapy].

PMID- 13687416
TI  - [Supplementary medical treatment of the tumor bed. II. Animal experimental
      studies on the problem of the effect of rutin in radiotherapy of tumors with
      special reference to injection of the tumor bed].

PMID- 13687417
TI  - [Results of roentgen irradiation in arthrosis deformans].

PMID- 13687418
TI  - [On an unusual calcified oligodendrogiioma].

PMID- 13687419
TI  - [On the use of CWD-respiratory lime. Indications of the working group for
      anesthesiology and anesthetic technic].

PMID- 13687420
TI  - [On the form changes of the golgi apparatus during spermiogenesis by Australorbis
      glabratus Olivaceus (Mollusca, Pulmonata, Planorbidae)].

PMID- 13687421
TI  - [On the term "kinoplasma" in the spermiogenesis of Australorbis glabratus
      olivaceus (Mollusca, Pulmonata, Planorbidae)].

PMID- 13687422
TI  - [On the abdominal gland of the female of Citheronia laocoon (Cr., 1777)
      Lepiodoptera, Adelocephalidae)].

PMID- 13687423
TI  - [On the gland of the partial oviduct of Odozana obscure Schs. (Arctididae,
      Lithosiinae)].

PMID- 13687424
TI  - [On the pygidial gland sof Enhydrus sulcatus (Wied., 1821) Coleoptera,
      Gyrinidae)].

PMID- 13687425
TI  - [REsected tuberculoma of the lung. A contribution on the therapy, prognosis and
      immunobiology].

PMID- 13687426
TI  - [Study of the action of sodium 4-hydroxybutyrate on hyperoxic convulsions in the
      mouse].

PMID- 13687427
TI  - [Determination of blood antistreptokinase levels and value of the simulatineous
      determination of antistreptolysins and antistreptokinases].

PMID- 13687428
TI  - [Vission with the anterior chamber lens, Physiologic and optical observations on
      a new possibility for correction of the path of the rays in the eye. Ii.
      Binocular function].

PMID- 13687429
TI  - Rapid rehabilitration of the injures back in an industrialevironment.

PMID- 13687430
TI  - Further obervations on hepatitis and cirrhosis in young women with positive clot
      tests for lupus erythematousus.

PMID- 13687431
TI  - Misleading calcific shadaws in the abdomen.

PMID- 13687432
TI  - Criteria by which toxemia of pregnancy may be diagnosed from unlabeled
      formalinfixed plancetas.

PMID- 13687433
TI  - Medical management of pancreatitis.

PMID- 13687434
TI  - The negative binomial distribution: a review of properties and applications.

PMID- 13687435
TI  - Statistical studies of the influence of Brucella abortus infection of Crocker's
      transmissible sarcoma in mice.

PMID- 13687436
TI  - [Aseptic necrosis of the femoral head in the treatment of congenital hip
      dislocations].

PMID- 13687437
TI  - [Value of the excision of the astragalus in the treatment of neglected pes
      equinovarus].

PMID- 13687438
TI  - [Abt-Letterer-Siwe reticuloendotheliosis with focal deposits].

PMID- 13687439
TI  - Veterinary problems artificial insemination.

PMID- 13687440
TI  - A simplified method or recording agar diffusion plates.

PMID- 13687441
TI  - Octulose phosphates from the human red blood cell.

PMID- 13687442
TI  - Phosphorylated carbohydrate intermediates of the human erythrocyte during storage
      in acid citrate dextrose. II. Effect of the addition of inosine late in storage.

PMID- 13687443
TI  - Some recent advances in surgery.

PMID- 13687444
TI  - Treatment of recurrent pancreatitis by resection inhibition and retrograde
      drainage of the pancrease.

PMID- 13687445
TI  - A posture IQ comparison with special reference to new methods of re-education in
      the educationally subnormal.

PMID- 13687446
TI  - Multiple congenital neoplasms of soft tissues. Report of 4 cases in 1 family.

PMID- 13687447
TI  - Olfactory identification of liquid oxygen contaminants.

PMID- 13687448
TI  - Restraint adaptation and altitude tolerance in the rat.

PMID- 13687449
TI  - Pulmaonry function evaluation in air and space fligh.

PMID- 13687450
TI  - Chinging trends in the surgical treatment of diverticulitis of the colon.

PMID- 13687451
TI  - Types and sanitary significance of fecal Streptococci isolated from feces,
      sewage, and water.

PMID- 13687452
TI  - Pasteurella septica in chronic nasal sinusitis.

PMID- 13687453
TI  - Effect of roasting on radiostrontium in fresh ham. Concentration in bone and
      meat.

PMID- 13687454
TI  - Toxic effects of stable strontium in young pigs.

PMID- 13687455
TI  - Perivesical insufflation of gas for determination of bladder wass thickness in
      tumors of the blader.

PMID- 13687456
TI  - Double-contrast cystography in tumors of the urinary bladder.

PMID- 13687457
TI  - Electrokymographic changes in myocardial infarction.

PMID- 13687458
TI  - The isometric relaxation phase of the left ventricle. An electrokymographic
      study.

PMID- 13687460
TI  - The scientific paper.

PMID- 13687459
TI  - A further study of pulse-to-cycle fraction and critical flicker frequency. A
      decisive theoretical test.

PMID- 13687461
TI  - Solute movemetns during volume changes in rat-liver mitochondria.

PMID- 13687462
TI  - [Research on renal regeneration. I. Analysis by the stathmokinetic method or
      renal lesions produced by chromium salts in the rat].

PMID- 13687463
TI  - [Research on renal regeneration. II. Analysis by the stathmokinetic method of
      renal lesions produced by uranium salts in the rat].

PMID- 13687464
TI  - [Experimental studies on dosage of isoniazid].

PMID- 13687465
TI  - [Cross resistance between alpha-ethylthioiso-nicotinamide (Th 1314) and
      thiosemicarbazone (conteben)].

PMID- 13687466
TI  - [Further data on the possibility of vaccination of INI-resistant BCG strains].

PMID- 13687467
TI  - [The sensitivity of INH-resistant tubercle bacteria to thiosemicarbazones
      (conteben)].

PMID- 13687468
TI  - [Premature discontinuation of treatment a problem in epidemiology of pulmonary
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 13687469
TI  - [Prognosis of the sanatorial treatment of tuberculous mongoloid children and
      young adults].

PMID- 13687470
TI  - [Giant-cell arteritis causing fatal cerebral hemorrhage].

PMID- 13687471
TI  - [Agricultural accidents and modern mechanization].

PMID- 13687474
TI  - [Histological and chemical research on the behavior of the elastic tissue n human
      and experimental hepatic cirrosis and during reversal of the cirrhosis following
      hepatectomy].

PMID- 13687473
TI  - [Preliminary data on the use of rubidium-86 in evaluation of the myocardial blood
      flow].

PMID- 13687472
TI  - [Morphological changes of Kb cells infected with type 5 adenovirus. Staining of
      the nucleinic acids with acridine orange].

PMID- 13687475
TI  - [Hepatic regeneration following extensive hepatectomy in the course of steatosis
      caused by low choline diet].

PMID- 13687476
TI  - [Experimental research on the effect of dexamethasone. 2. Effect of dexamethasone
      on total and fractionated blood proteins in the rabbit].

PMID- 13687477
TI  - [The action of dexamethasone on the growth of prepuberal rats].

PMID- 13687478
TI  - [Effects of prophylaxis with versenate calcium in workers exposed to lead].

PMID- 13687479
TI  - Post-bulbar duodenal ulceration in Ngeria.

PMID- 13687480
TI  - Tubercolosis of the vault of the skull.

PMID- 13687481
TI  - Tumoral calcinosis. Report of three cases and review of the literature.

PMID- 13687482
TI  - Medical disaster preparedness--the AMA role.

PMID- 13687483
TI  - Medical disaster preparedness: the AMA role.

PMID- 13687485
TI  - Dispensing machines are becoming indispesable.

PMID- 13687484
TI  - Chaplains play supporting role in patient care.

PMID- 13687486
TI  - How central service delivers the goods.

PMID- 13687487
TI  - What hospitals should know about hepatitis.

PMID- 13687488
TI  - Parent education program for parents of deafened preschool children.

PMID- 13687489
TI  - Preschool training program for deafened chldren.

PMID- 13687490
TI  - Unrestricted visiting in a mental hospital. An inquiry into its effects and
      nursingstaff attitudes.

PMID- 13687491
TI  - The place of the U.M.T. Sanatorium, Arogyavaram in the tuberculosis programme in
      India.

PMID- 13687492
TI  - Relationships between private practitioners in medicine, speech pathology, and
      audiology.

PMID- 13687493
TI  - Studies on binding of glucose by insulin.

PMID- 13687494
TI  - Psychotherapy and family care.

PMID- 13687495
TI  - Family care and outpatient psychiatry.

PMID- 13687496
TI  - Action for mental health.

PMID- 13687497
TI  - [Influence of the hematoencephalic barrier in experimental carbon disulfide
      poisoning].

PMID- 13687498
TI  - [The effect of various substances on urinary excretion of trichlorethanol and
      trichloroacetic acid in the rabbit].

PMID- 13687499
TI  - [Arterial hypertension. Effectiveness and limitations of guanethidine therapy].

PMID- 13687500
TI  - [Pharmacodynamics and clinical aspects of hydrochlorothiazide].

PMID- 13687501
TI  - [The effect of prolonged guanethidine administration on the kidney function of
      hypertensive patients].

PMID- 13687502
TI  - [Recent advances in the pharmacology of antihypertensive substances and in the
      treatment of essential arterial hypertension].

PMID- 13687503
TI  - Guinea pig pancreas ribonucleases. Separation by ion exchange chromatography and
      the subcellular distribution of these enzymes.

PMID- 13687504
TI  - [Hungarian-made plastic vascular prostheses].

PMID- 13687505
TI  - [Experiences in replacement of defects of the blood vessels with prostheses of
      combined auto-alloplastic and porous alloplastic material].

PMID- 13687506
TI  - [Experimental in blood vessel replacement with polymide tubes].

PMID- 13687507
TI  - [On the problem of surgical treatment of chronic arteriosclerotic occlusions of
      arteries of the pelvis and extremities].

PMID- 13687509
TI  - [Schools for lay cosmetologists].

PMID- 13687508
TI  - [On the utilization of S-(2, 5-dihydroxyphenyl)-isothiourea for the
      identification of formic acid].

PMID- 13687510
TI  - [On diagnostic and surgical procedures in cases of congenital lateral fistulae of
      the neck].

PMID- 13687512
TI  - [Remarks on the etiologic-pathogenetic aspects of mental deficiency research].

PMID- 13687511
TI  - [Therapy of brain circulatory disorders in chronic cor pulmonale].

PMID- 13687513
TI  - A vinylacetyl isomerase from Clostridium kluyveri.

PMID- 13687514
TI  - [Clinical aspects of spinal circulatory disorders].

PMID- 13687515
TI  - [On unusual tumors of the gastrointestinal tract].

PMID- 13687516
TI  - [Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus].

PMID- 13687517
TI  - ["Traumatic neurosis" or organic-cerebral "psychopathy"?].

PMID- 13687518
TI  - Endocrinological studies on plant products. I. Preliminary investigation of
      hormonal action of psoralen.

PMID- 13687519
TI  - Endocrinological studies on plant products. II. Preliminary investigation of
      hormonal action of stigmasterol.

PMID- 13687520
TI  - Under-graduate teaching in pediatrics.

PMID- 13687521
TI  - Anaemias of pregnancy in upper Assam and upper Burma.

PMID- 13687522
TI  - Papilloma of the gall bladder-a review (with a case report).

PMID- 13687523
TI  - Cellular reactions following tumor growth with special reference to plasma
      cellular response.

PMID- 13687524
TI  - Resistance to cancer-an immunological approach. I.

PMID- 13687525
TI  - The air spora of a cowshed.

PMID- 13687526
TI  - [Clinical experiences with the use of thioridazine in a group of schizophrenics
      considered incurable].

PMID- 13687527
TI  - [Advantages of associated phenelzine-chlordiazepoxide in psychiatric therapy].

PMID- 13687528
TI  - Doctor-machine symbiosis.

PMID- 13687529
TI  - [New dietary changes in the treatment of various pediatric diseases].

PMID- 13687530
TI  - [The physician in Jewish proverbs].

PMID- 13687531
TI  - [Our experiences on the value of the Rauber roentgen sign in meniscus diagnosis].

PMID- 13687533
TI  - [On generalized interstitial calcinosis].

PMID- 13687532
TI  - Antimony dimercaptosuccinate (TWSb) in the treatment of urinary bilharziasis in
      Somalia.

PMID- 13687534
TI  - [Alimemazine in psychiatric therapy. Experimental psychophysiology in the monkey.
      Therapeutic trials in man].

PMID- 13687535
TI  - [Imipramine and alimemazine. Application of the law of stages].

PMID- 13687536
TI  - [The avoidable complications of imipramine. Description of the product,
      therapeutic scheme and the dosage problem].

PMID- 13687537
TI  - [Study on the therapeutic trial of methaminodiazepoxide (librium) (Ro 5-0690)
      (preliminary note)].

PMID- 13687538
TI  - [First trials of the application of the "day hospital" principle for mental
      patients in France].

PMID- 13687539
TI  - [MOREAU DE TOURS, precursor in psychopathology and psychopharmacology].

PMID- 13687540
TI  - [Note on psychopathology. Mind and body; psychophysiology and psychopharmacology.
      Psychiatric humanism].

PMID- 13687541
TI  - [Recent decrees on psychopharmacological expertise].

PMID- 13687542
TI  - [The criminological form of periodic psychosis. A medicolegal study].

PMID- 13687543
TI  - [Preoperative preparation of the heart in thoracic surgery in pulmonary
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 13687544
TI  - [Subjective and physical indices in the diagnosis of pulmonary changes in
      pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13687545
TI  - The clinical picture and treatment of polymyositis.

PMID- 13687546
TI  - [Effect and significance of resochin in the treatment of chronic progressive
      rheumatism].

PMID- 13687547
TI  - Cyclical neutropenia.

PMID- 13687548
TI  - [On the rapid onset and nodding sign in children].

PMID- 13687549
TI  - [Clinical experiences in surgery of inguinal hernias].

PMID- 13687550
TI  - [Critical comments on conservative methods of inguinal herniotomy].

PMID- 13687551
TI  - [The problems of goiter in western Galilee].

PMID- 13687552
TI  - [Visualization of a dilated upper urinary tract by percutaneous antegrade
      pyelography].

PMID- 13687553
TI  - [Respiratory function in mitral stenosis. Pulmonary vital capacity and minute
      volume].

PMID- 13687554
TI  - [Respiratory function in mitral stenosis. Static test and muscular exercise].

PMID- 13687555
TI  - [Submucosal platinectomy with preserved ossicular conduction. (New technic for
      surgery of deafness)].

PMID- 13687556
TI  - The family as the unit of study and treatment. Workshop, 1959. 4. The emotional
      life of the family: inferences for social casework.

PMID- 13687557
TI  - [Methods for study of the higher nervous activity of infants in natural
      conditions].

PMID- 13687559
TI  - [Hypometabolic syndrome and euthyroid hypometabolism].

PMID- 13687558
TI  - Observations on the treatment of 678 malaria cases with primaquine in an area
      free from maiaria transmission in Mysore State, India.

PMID- 13687560
TI  - [Thyroid diseases in old age].

PMID- 13687561
TI  - [The renal excretion of iodine. Research by means of the "stop flow" technic].

PMID- 13687562
TI  - Gelatin sealing to prevent blood loss from knitted arterial grafts.

PMID- 13687563
TI  - Aregenerative pathology of the digestive tract.

PMID- 13687564
TI  - Giovanni DI GUGLIELMO.

PMID- 13687565
TI  - [Crisis in Morphology? Toward a greater quantitative orientation in morphology].

PMID- 13687566
TI  - [Etiopathogenesis of leukemia].

PMID- 13687567
TI  - [New views on aging].

PMID- 13687569
TI  - [The regulation of cellular constancy in hemopoietic organs].

PMID- 13687568
TI  - [Somatic mutations and clonal-selective theories in human pathology].

PMID- 13687570
TI  - Cell proliferation in tumor-bearing mice.

PMID- 13687571
TI  - Increased incidence of tumor metastases in female mice.
AB  - Most of the tumor cells injected into the tail vein of mice fail to survive at
      the site of arrest in the lungs, but the percentage of surviving cells is higher
      in females than in males. The surviving cells, however, grow at a similar and
      constant rate in both sexes.

PMID- 13687572
TI  - The delayed effects of external gamma irradiation on the bones of rats.

PMID- 13687573
TI  - The dose-response relationship between the number of embolic tumor cells and the
      incidence of blood-borne metastases.

PMID- 13687574
TI  - Thorotrast-induced cancer in man.

PMID- 13687575
TI  - [Uterine perforation].

PMID- 13687576
TI  - [Total hysterectomy by decortication. Indications, contraindications and
      advantages. Personal experience].

PMID- 13687577
TI  - [Carl Gustav JUNG: 26 July 1875-6 June 1961].

PMID- 13687578
TI  - [Discussion remarks on the essays of Conrad. Zutt and Kraemer on delusion and
      schizophrenia].

PMID- 13687579
TI  - [The course of experimental osteomyelitis in conditions of radiation injury].

PMID- 13687580
TI  - [On antigenic properties of certain fractions of Ehrlich mouse adenocarcinoma.
      II. Studies on antigenic properties of tumor fractions in gel precipitation
      reactions and in experiments on vaccinated mice].

PMID- 13687581
TI  - [Indications of dysentery bacteria on the surface by the method of reaction of
      rise in the phage titer].

PMID- 13687582
TI  - [On characteristics of lipoid metabolism in patients with hypertension].

PMID- 13687583
TI  - [On the problem of clinical aspects of electrophoretic investigation of serum
      proteins in the blood of patients with hypertension].

PMID- 13687584
TI  - Pulmonary venoarterial shunting in hepatic cirrhosis, including a case with
      cirsoid aneurysm of the thoracic wall.

PMID- 13687585
TI  - Right-sided bacterial endocarditis.

PMID- 13687586
TI  - Hydatid cyst of the lung with clubbing.

PMID- 13687587
TI  - Chronic recurrent peptic ulceration associated with multiple endocrinopathies.

PMID- 13687588
TI  - [A case of malignant duodeno-colic fistula].

PMID- 13687589
TI  - [Some aspects of the epidemiology of rheumatic fever in Mexico].

PMID- 13687590
TI  - [The Marshall-Marchetti operation in the treatment of stress incontinence in
      women].

PMID- 13687591
TI  - [Does the surgical treatment of varicocele compromise spermatogenesis?].

PMID- 13687592
TI  - [Evaluation of the treatment of cancer of the larynx].

PMID- 13687593
TI  - [Cultures of tuberculosis bacilli in monocytes].

PMID- 13687594
TI  - [Action of the blood of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in monocyte cultures].

PMID- 13687596
TI  - [The "test" of Shwachman and Gahm in some diseases of the respiratory system].

PMID- 13687595
TI  - [The antibacteriophage power of the blood considered as an index of properdin
      activity in patients of pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13687597
TI  - [Arginase in the blood and liver of rats poisoned with carbon tetrachloride].

PMID- 13687598
TI  - [Considerations on the duration, efficacy and alternation of cures in cardiology
      therapy].

PMID- 13687599
TI  - [Prolonged inhibition of voluntary urination after operation in relative urinary
      incontinence].

PMID- 13687600
TI  - Chemomyelotomy: substitute for general anesthesia in experimental surgery.

PMID- 13687602
TI  - Weight-bearing by ligaments and muscles.

PMID- 13687601
TI  - The new anatomical nomenclature as it affects surgeons.

PMID- 13687603
TI  - [Treatment of necatoriasis with tetrachloroethylene, piperazine and dithiazanine
      in 5 days].

PMID- 13687604
TI  - [Benzoate-sugar-formol solution for the concentration of eggs of helminths in
      feces].

PMID- 13687605
TI  - [Anthelmintic action of dithiazanine iodide].

PMID- 13687606
TI  - [Antiparasitic therapeutics. Botriocephaliasis or diphyllobothriasis].

PMID- 13687607
TI  - [Antiparasitic therapeutics. Chilomastix mesnili].

PMID- 13687608
TI  - [Antiparasitic therapeutics. Hymenolepiasis nana].

PMID- 13687609
TI  - [Antiparasitic therapeutics. Intestinal trichomoniasis].

PMID- 13687610
TI  - [Diarrhea caused by Trichuris trichiura and by Strongyloides stercoralis].

PMID- 13687612
TI  - Manipulation for certain fracture dislocations of the pelvis.

PMID- 13687611
TI  - [Tetrachloroethylene and piperazine in the combined treatment of necatoriasis,
      ascariasis and trichuriasis].

PMID- 13687614
TI  - The complement-fixation inhibition test.

PMID- 13687613
TI  - [Q fever and ornithosis in wild birds].

PMID- 13687615
TI  - [Ornithosis in wild and domestic birds].

PMID- 13687616
TI  - The in vitro actions of steroids on smooth muscle.

PMID- 13687617
TI  - Interpersonal perception scores and their components as predictors of personal
      adjustment.

PMID- 13687619
TI  - Importance of dental health service.

PMID- 13687618
TI  - The spirogram in ankylosing spondylitis. The "reversed emphysema" sign.

PMID- 13687620
TI  - A benign variety of "pulseless disease".

PMID- 13687621
TI  - Virulence of staphylococci in mice: a comparison of three methods of challenge.

PMID- 13687622
TI  - In vitro effectiveness of furaltadone on antibiotic-resistant staphylococci.

PMID- 13687623
TI  - [On the problem of diverticulum of the heart].

PMID- 13687624
TI  - Blood pressure, heart rate, and adrenal catecholamines prior to ventricular
      fibrillation.

PMID- 13687625
TI  - Motor and electric activity of the duodenum.

PMID- 13687626
TI  - [A new method of hydrolysis of combined forms of vitamin B6 with an enzymatic
      preparation from Aspergillus oryzae].

PMID- 13687627
TI  - [Methods for microbiological studies on active substances in peat extracts].

PMID- 13687628
TI  - Reaction of the lymphatic and blood vessels of the uterus to endocavitary
      radiotherapy. (Microscopic and anatomical study).

PMID- 13687629
TI  - [Apropos of gangrenous pyodermitis (ecthyma). Considerations on a case of
      infantile disseminated multiple gangrene].

PMID- 13687630
TI  - [Methods for the preparation and isolation of living cells of the human lung].

PMID- 13687631
TI  - [Research on isolated, live or live-fixed human tuberculous giant cells of the
      Langhans type].

PMID- 13687632
TI  - [Relation of frequency of mucous and visceral candidiasis and the cutaneous
      manifestations at Dakar: influence of ethnic origin].

PMID- 13687633
TI  - [Tinea of the scalp in Senegal. Preliminary survey].

PMID- 13687634
TI  - [A further case of dysembryoplasia of the gluteal region simulating
      actinomycosis].

PMID- 13687635
TI  - [The role of syphilis in various pathological manifestations noted in Africa].

PMID- 13687636
TI  - The initial forms of leprosy in Dakar, and their diagnostic problems.

PMID- 13687637
TI  - [Precordial cellulitis. Treatment by "84-04C"].

PMID- 13687638
TI  - [Test of blocked expiration in cardiac patients].

PMID- 13687639
TI  - [Atypical form of mycetoma caused by Leptosphaeria senegalensis].

PMID- 13687640
TI  - [Comparison of the urea and glucose levels in the blood and cirrhotic ascitic
      fluid].

PMID- 13687641
TI  - [Contribution to the cenesthopathic etiology of deliriant flareups. On a case of
      interpretative delirium transformed by the extirpation of a medullary tumor
      (presentation of patient)].

PMID- 13687642
TI  - Contributions of endosteum, cortex, and soft tissues to osteogenesis.

PMID- 13687643
TI  - Influence of oxygen concentration and mechanical factors on differentiation of
      connective tissues in vitro.

PMID- 13687644
TI  - Observations on the retractor clitoridis and retractor penis muscles of mammals,
      with special reference to the ewe.

PMID- 13687645
TI  - Purification of antibody to galactosyl-protein conjugates.
AB  - A rapid procedure for purification of rabbit antibody to beta-D-galacto
      sylphenylazo-bovine serum albumin is described. Antibody was precipitated with a
      heterologous antigen and was then dissociated from the precipitated complex with
      hapten. The antigen was partially removed by pH adjustment, and antibody was
      separated from residual antigen and from hapten by partition chromatography on
      Sephadex G-25. The antibody, obtained in 50 to 55 percent over-all yield, was 96
      percent reactive with homologous antigen. It appeared to consist, of 95 percent
      of a single component, based upon physicochemical measurements.

PMID- 13687646
TI  - Doctors and their families.

PMID- 13687647
TI  - Carcinoma of the lung.

PMID- 13687648
TI  - Dynamics of the photosynthesis of carbon compounds. I. Carboxylation reactions.

PMID- 13687649
TI  - Effects of potassium ions on brain respiration and aminoacid incorporation into
      brain proteins in vitro.

PMID- 13687650
TI  - [Histological and histochemical alterations of the sympathetic ganglia in
      juvenile chronic obstructive peripheral arteriopathies].

PMID- 13687651
TI  - Electron microscopy of rat liver after carbon tetrachloride poisoning.

PMID- 13687652
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the most rare renal abnormalities: a malformed
      kidney in transverse position (operative findings for contusive injury)].

PMID- 13687653
TI  - An embryologically derived classification of ovarian tumors.

PMID- 13687654
TI  - [Cytophotometric study of desoxyribonucleic acids in cultures of fibroblasts
      treated by cysteamine].

PMID- 13687655
TI  - [On 3 cases of biliary ileus].

PMID- 13687656
TI  - [Semeiological finding characteristic of the isolated fracture of the great
      trochanter (casuistic contribution of 11 observations)].

PMID- 13687657
TI  - [Simple solitary ulcer of the small intestine].

PMID- 13687658
TI  - [Morphological constitution in osteo-arthrosic disease. Habitus type].

PMID- 13687659
TI  - [Dosimetry with a cadmium sulfide crystal. The isodose line of 1 roentgen per
      minute as the limit of therapeutic effectiveness].

PMID- 13687660
TI  - [Acute erythremia (Di Guglielmo)].

PMID- 13687661
TI  - [Scleroderma. Report of radiological manifestations observed in 10 patients].

PMID- 13687662
TI  - [Cancer of the colon. Radiological point of view].

PMID- 13687664
TI  - [Histochemical and cytological data on the photophores of the teleost Maurolicus
      pennati].

PMID- 13687663
TI  - [Cytological and histochemical data on the photophores of Euphausiacea. The
      adnexal structures of the photophore].

PMID- 13687665
TI  - Retro-anastomotic hernia. Eight cases of internal hernia following gastrojejunal
      anastomosis, with a review of the literature.

PMID- 13687666
TI  - Enzyme systems in the Mycobacteria. XI. Evidence for a functional glycolytic
      system.
AB  - Bastarrachea, Fernando (University of Wisconsin, Madison), David G. Anderson, and
      Dexter S. Goldman. Enzyme systems in the mycobacteria. XI. Evidence for a
      functional glycolytic system. J. Bacteriol. 82:94-100. 1961.-Cell-free extracts
      of the H37Ra strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis contain the enzymes, aldolase,
      phosphohexokinase, phosphohexoisomerase, and phosphoglucomutase. The first three
      enzymes have been purified; the characteristics of all these enzymes have been
      studied. The enzymes are similar to those isolated from animal tissue. A
      functional glycolytic system in the mycobacteria provides a mechanism for the
      formation of other metabolites from glycerol.

PMID- 13687667
TI  - Diphosphopyridine nucleotide-linked nitrate reductase from Mycobacterium
      tuberculosis.

PMID- 13687668
TI  - [Simple roentgen findings in expansive tumor processes in the area of the optic
      nerve, chiasm and optic tracts].

PMID- 13687669
TI  - [60th anniversary of Prof. Dr. Vaclav SVAB].

PMID- 13687670
TI  - Co-existence of Albright's syndrome and mongolism.

PMID- 13687671
TI  - [The supply of personnel].

PMID- 13687672
TI  - [Measurement of insulin reserve by the acute intravenous tolbutamide (D-860)
      test].

PMID- 13687673
TI  - [Treatment of hypothyroidism with D-thyronine. Effect on plasma lipids,
      metabolism and the cardiac state. Preliminary communication].

PMID- 13687674
TI  - Associative factors in verbal transfer.

PMID- 13687675
TI  - Pharmacology and toxicology of hydroxphenamate (Listica).

PMID- 13687676
TI  - [On the simultaneous prolapse of arm and foot in cephalic presentation and full
      term pregnancy].

PMID- 13687677
TI  - [France is becoming a young country].

PMID- 13687678
TI  - [Human life and its limitations in France].

PMID- 13687679
TI  - [Human life and its limitations in France].

PMID- 13687680
TI  - [Human life and its limitations in France].

PMID- 13687681
TI  - [Human life and its limitations in France].

PMID- 13687682
TI  - [Human life and its limits in France].

PMID- 13687683
TI  - [Human life and its limits in France].

PMID- 13687684
TI  - [Human life and its limits in France].

PMID- 13687685
TI  - [Some effects of consanguinity on offspring].

PMID- 13687686
TI  - [Some effects of consanguinity on the descendants].

PMID- 13687687
TI  - [What is the effect of consanguinity on descendants, III].

PMID- 13687688
TI  - [Placental enzymes. I: Distribution and effectors].

PMID- 13687689
TI  - [Leucine-aminopeptidase activity in the placenta, maternal blood and that of the
      newborn].

PMID- 13687690
TI  - [Fixation of some medicinal substances (sulfadimethoxine, chlorpropamide,
      phenbutamide, acepromazine, dimethylbebeerine) to human and bovine serum
      proteins].

PMID- 13687691
TI  - [Variations in the imbibition of striated muscle under the influence of various
      medications (local anesthetics, chloroform and alcohol)].

PMID- 13687692
TI  - [A phychosis of interpretation and the interpretations of this psychosis].

PMID- 13687693
TI  - [A case of septicemia due to "Ristella incommunis"].

PMID- 13687694
TI  - [Arsenical encephalopaty. Apropos of 3 cases].

PMID- 13687695
TI  - [Infectious diseases in 1961].

PMID- 13687697
TI  - [Herpetic gingivo-stomatitis (simultaneous appearance of 3 cases in brothers)].

PMID- 13687696
TI  - [2 cases of staphylococcal septicemia treated with a new penicillin. "celbenin"].

PMID- 13687698
TI  - [On the problem of the effect on the health of women of work connected with the
      frequent transport of small weight].

PMID- 13687699
TI  - [Congenital idiopathic esophageal hypertrophy].

PMID- 13687700
TI  - [Carcinoma of the cardia. Study of a group of patients operated on (1950-1959)
      and of the technics used].

PMID- 13687701
TI  - [Total colectomy in ulcerative colitis].

PMID- 13687702
TI  - [Bases for the surgical treatment of neoplasms].

PMID- 13687703
TI  - [Considerations on tumors of the paragangiia (non-chromaffin paragangiiomas,
      chemodectomas). (Apropos of a retroperitoneal tumor and 3 tumors of the carotid
      body)].

PMID- 13687704
TI  - [Contribution to the pathology and clinical aspects of secondary cancers].

PMID- 13687705
TI  - [Secondary cancers of the bone].

PMID- 13687706
TI  - [Evaluation of surgical risk].

PMID- 13687707
TI  - Experiences in the study of portal hypertension.

PMID- 13687708
TI  - Testicular changes in cockerels fed with vanaspati.

PMID- 13687709
TI  - Purification of uridine diphosphoglucose pyrophosphorylase from human brain.

PMID- 13687711
TI  - Cancer jaw.

PMID- 13687710
TI  - Purification of uridine diphosphoglucose-glycogen transglucosylase from sheep
      brain.

PMID- 13687712
TI  - Klippel-Feil syndrome.

PMID- 13687713
TI  - [Patterns of primary tuberculosis verified for the first time in dispensary cases
      during the decade 1949-1958 in the province of Leghorn].

PMID- 13687714
TI  - [Casuistic contribution to the clinical and social study of the so-called minimal
      pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13687715
TI  - [On the importance of systematic tuberculin investigations. (Considerations on
      observations carried out in 10 years in the province of Livorno)].

PMID- 13687716
TI  - [On the utilization of schermography as mass survey in rural districts in the
      present epidemiological moment of tuberculosis].

PMID- 13687717
TI  - Aging process in the guinea pig ovary.

PMID- 13687718
TI  - [Ureteroileoplasty. 3-years results].

PMID- 13687719
TI  - Treatment of shock in the burned child.

PMID- 13687720
TI  - Action of carbon dioxide on 6-aminopencillanic acid.

PMID- 13687721
TI  - Aerosol samplers.

PMID- 13687722
TI  - Synergic action between isoantibody and immune cells in graft rejection.

PMID- 13687723
TI  - Some immunological aspects of cancer.

PMID- 13687724
TI  - Hip deformities in cerebral palsy.

PMID- 13687725
TI  - Bacteriological investigation of exhaust air from hospital vacum cleaners.

PMID- 13687726
TI  - The cleaning of ward floors and the bacteriological study of floor-cleaning
      machines.
AB  - Current trends in ward flooring materials and cleaning methods are considered
      from the point of view of the hospital bacteriologist. Methods employed in an
      investigation into the bacteriological safety of a number of floor-cleaning
      machines are described, and some considerations governing the choice of vacuum
      cleaners for ward use are discussed.

PMID- 13687727
TI  - Chemotherapy of breast cancer.

PMID- 13687728
TI  - Non-surgical management of malignancies.

PMID- 13687729
TI  - An introduction to disability evaluation of the extremities.

PMID- 13687730
TI  - Simultaneous eradication of three ectoparasitic species from a colony of
      laboratory mice.

PMID- 13687731
TI  - Dental health education in schools.

PMID- 13687732
TI  - Notes on the application of the Hersch galvanic oxygen cell to measurement of
      blood oxygen content and tension.

PMID- 13687733
TI  - The medico-lay affiliates of the Canadian Medical Association. The Health League
      of Canada.

PMID- 13687734
TI  - The individuality of the motor cortex.

PMID- 13687735
TI  - Quantitative urine cultures.

PMID- 13687736
TI  - Recent aspects in the development of a closed ecologic system.

PMID- 13687737
TI  - Amine buffers for pH control.

PMID- 13687738
TI  - Constant relation between blood level of thyrotropin and total thyrotropin in
      thyroidectomized mice.

PMID- 13687739
TI  - A comparative trial of four monoamine oxidase inhibitors on chronic depressives.

PMID- 13687740
TI  - Volvulus of the colon in the demented patient: the presentation of four cases and
      a review.

PMID- 13687741
TI  - Dr. J. BROOKS.

PMID- 13687742
TI  - Mixed tumors of the lung, or hamarto-chondromas. A review of the radiological
      appearances of cases published in the literature and a report of fifteen new
      cases.

PMID- 13687743
TI  - The treatment of the common cold with antibiotics in a factory population.

PMID- 13687744
TI  - Infoldings of nerve fibre membranes in the opisthobranch mollusc Aplysia
      californica.

PMID- 13687745
TI  - Observations on murine monocytic leukaemia induced by a virus isolated from S37
      sarcoma.

PMID- 13687746
TI  - Calculation of the dose distribution in circumaxial rotation therapy with 280-kvp
      radiation.

PMID- 13687747
TI  - [Prevention of tuberculosis in Georgian SSR].

PMID- 13687748
TI  - [Fungi of the walls of the human cecal appendix].

PMID- 13687749
TI  - [Fungi from mycotic cholecystitis].

PMID- 13687750
TI  - [Debaryomyces artagaveytiae n. sp. found in female genital secretion].

PMID- 13687751
TI  - [Epidemiology of Manson's disease in a locality in the interior of Amazonas].

PMID- 13687752
TI  - [Griseofulvin (sporostatin) in the treatment of mycotic keratitis (presentation
      of 1 clinical case)].

PMID- 13687753
TI  - [Foreign bodies in the nose and ethmoid labyrinth simulating osteomyelitis].

PMID- 13687754
TI  - [Prolonged loss of vision and hearing in a child after tracheal obstruction by a
      foreign body].

PMID- 13687755
TI  - [Experimental tuberculosis of the uterus in rabbits].

PMID- 13687756
TI  - [A case of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome].

PMID- 13687757
TI  - [Medullo-epithelioma of the brain. Case report and critical review of the
      subject].

PMID- 13687758
TI  - [Manifestations in the spinal cord in spondylosis].

PMID- 13687759
TI  - [Ballistocardiogram of patients with subacute rheumocarditis with situs inversus
      viscerum].

PMID- 13687760
TI  - Oxyphil cell tumor of submaxillary gland.

PMID- 13687761
TI  - Tumors of testis in infancy and childhood.

PMID- 13687762
TI  - [The incidence of atopic diseases in Zurich. Results of population statistics].

PMID- 13687763
TI  - [A new case of Gottron's acrogeria].

PMID- 13687764
TI  - The Valsalva maneuver and the vertebral vein system.

PMID- 13687765
TI  - Tetrose metabolism. 2. The utilization of tetroses and tetritols by rat tissues.

PMID- 13687766
TI  - The enzymic incorporation of the beta-carbon of serine into dihydroxyacetone.

PMID- 13687767
TI  - Decomposition of pyrimidines by Nocardia corallina.

PMID- 13687768
TI  - Induction of enzymes for pyrimidine catabolism in Nocardia corallina.

PMID- 13687769
TI  - Toxicity of cycloserine combined with isoniazid in the treatment of tuberculosis
      in children.

PMID- 13687770
TI  - Tuberculosis of the mastoid.

PMID- 13687771
TI  - [On the hepatic localization of leprosy].

PMID- 13687772
TI  - Effects of insulin on monosaccharide transport and incorporation of amino acids
      into protein in diaphragm differentiated with phlorizin.

PMID- 13687773
TI  - A method for the determination of free myo-inositol in biological fluids and
      tissues.

PMID- 13687774
TI  - Effect of insulin and poisons on glucose uptake of sheep and goat placenta.

PMID- 13687775
TI  - The free myo-inositol concentration of adult and fetal tissues of several
      species.

PMID- 13687776
TI  - [Comparative clinicometabolic study on 6 benzothiodiazine diuretics].

PMID- 13687777
TI  - [The IJ segment of the ballistocardiogram in normal subjects exposed to anoxia].

PMID- 13687778
TI  - [The electrocardiogram in chronic obstructive emphysema of the adult].

PMID- 13687779
TI  - [Therapeutic and hemodynamic effects of a lyophilized preparation with a base of
      K-strophanthoside].

PMID- 13687780
TI  - [Histofunctional aspects of the ovaries of women undergoing radium and cobalt
      therapy for uterine carcinoma].

PMID- 13687781
TI  - [Synovioma of the knee (presentation of a clinical case)].

PMID- 13687782
TI  - [Cystic neoplasms of the peripheral nerve trunks].

PMID- 13687783
TI  - [Hereditary symetrical hyperostotic polyosteopathy (Camurati-Engelmann disease).
      Clinical and anatomopathological study].

PMID- 13687784
TI  - [Indications and technic of transplantation of the sartorius muscle for treatment
      of the poliomyelitic genu recurvatum].

PMID- 13687785
TI  - [Intramedullary nailing with immobilization for associated fractures of the
      olecranon and ulnar diaphysis].

PMID- 13687786
TI  - [Skeletal metastases of cystic adenocarcinoma of the submaxillary gland].

PMID- 13687787
TI  - Needle biopsy of the liver in malignant hepatic disease. A safe, useful,
      diagnostic procedure.

PMID- 13687788
TI  - [On amyloid genesis].

PMID- 13687789
TI  - [Psychodynamic relations in group psychotherapy].

PMID- 13687790
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the isolated fracture of the trapezium].

PMID- 13687792
TI  - The medical adviser.

PMID- 13687791
TI  - The management of influenza and its complications.

PMID- 13687793
TI  - The medical adviser.

PMID- 13687794
TI  - Influence of morphine, codeine, meperidine, ephedrine and homatropine
      methylbromide upon absorption of aspirin from the gastro-intestinal tract of man.

PMID- 13687795
TI  - Adjunctive use of antidepressants in a variety of medical problems.

PMID- 13687796
TI  - Familial cardiomyopathy.

PMID- 13687797
TI  - [Immediate treatment of vesico-vaginal fistulas of obstetrical origin].

PMID- 13687798
TI  - Percutaneous retrograde venous sinography.

PMID- 13687799
TI  - [Considerations on normal and pathological adenographic images].

PMID- 13687800
TI  - Latero-cervical lymphadenography.

PMID- 13687801
TI  - [Psychopharmacological study of the behavior of the rat].

PMID- 13687802
TI  - Concept identification as a function of intra- and interdimensional variability.

PMID- 13687803
TI  - [Mortality from pulmonary tuberculosis in the Ospedale Ausiliario di San
      Giovanni, Trieste, from 1945 to 1957].

PMID- 13687804
TI  - Mercury toxicity from industrial exposure. A critical review of the literature.
      Part I.

PMID- 13687805
TI  - [RC 600 in the therapy of pain of a rheumatic and rheumatoid character].

PMID- 13687806
TI  - [Pediatrics].

PMID- 13687807
TI  - [Pediatrics].

PMID- 13687808
TI  - [Clinical contribution to the study of hydronephrosis caused by an anomalous
      vessel].

PMID- 13687809
TI  - [Electroencephalographic and clinical observations on the stereotactic surgery of
      extrapyramidal syndromes].

PMID- 13687810
TI  - [Perphenazine in the treatment of neuroses and depressive syndromes:
      symptomatogical and psychopathological findings].

PMID- 13687811
TI  - [EEG and physiopathological correlations in expansive processes of the posterior
      cranial fossa].

PMID- 13687812
TI  - [The photodynamic pupillary reflex in relation to Sturn's pharmacological tests
      and to the photoglycemic reaction].

PMID- 13687813
TI  - [Contribution to the study of proteins in the milk of women by means of the
      immunoelectrophoretic technic].

PMID- 13687814
TI  - [On the pupillary reflexes caused by binocular light stimulation. (Preliminary
      note)].

PMID- 13687815
TI  - [Research on the halo-resistance and halo-adaptation of 3 varieties of
      Staphylococcus].

PMID- 13687816
TI  - [Rheumatic fever in children. Clinico-statistical observations on the activities
      of the Clinica Pediatrica di Parma].

PMID- 13687817
TI  - [Some clinico-statistical observations on cases of rheumatic fever admitted to
      the Clinica Pediatrica di Parma from 1952 to 1959].

PMID- 13687818
TI  - [Contribution to the study of Abt-Letterer-Siwe disease].

PMID- 13687819
TI  - An erythematous disease of adult guinea pigs following transplantation of
      homologous lymphoid cells.

PMID- 13687820
TI  - [The nitrofurans].

PMID- 13687821
TI  - [The extraction of deep-seated ureteral calculi with the Dormia ureteral stone
      snare].

PMID- 13687822
TI  - [2 uncommon forms of cystic abnormalities of the kidney].

PMID- 13687823
TI  - The effect of carcinoma on the hematopoietic system.

PMID- 13687824
TI  - Adamantinoma of the mandible arising in a dentigerous cyst.

PMID- 13687825
TI  - Bat ears.

PMID- 13687826
TI  - The permeability of the sheep and rabbit intestinal wall to antitoxin present in
      the circulation.

PMID- 13687827
TI  - [Is repeated Wasserman test necessary for pregnant subjects?].

PMID- 13687828
TI  - [On the problem of the sensory innervation of the duodenum].

PMID- 13687829
TI  - [Aneurysms of the coronary arteries of the heart].

PMID- 13687830
TI  - [Parietal fibrous myo-endocarditis in the adult (Loeffler's endocarditis)].

PMID- 13687831
TI  - [The barium resorption granuloma in man].

PMID- 13687832
TI  - [Chondro-osteoplastic tracheopathy].

PMID- 13687833
TI  - Incorporation of labelled cytidine into rat-liver RNA.

PMID- 13687834
TI  - [Eosinophilic granuloma of the gastrointestinal tract. Massive intestinal
      hemorrhage caused by multiple localization in the cecum, ascending colon,
      transverse colon and the ileum].

PMID- 13687835
TI  - [Cutaneous injuries. 7. Suture of finger wounds].

PMID- 13687836
TI  - [Cutaneous wounds. 3. Before the suture].

PMID- 13687837
TI  - [Cutaneous wounds. IV. After suturing].

PMID- 13687838
TI  - [Cutaneous wounds. VI. Suturing of wounds of the face].

PMID- 13687839
TI  - [Minor surgery of the fingers. 2. The ablation of a nail].

PMID- 13687840
TI  - [Minor surgery of the fingers. 3. The paronychia].

PMID- 13687841
TI  - [Minor surgery of the fingers. 3. The paronychias].

PMID- 13687842
TI  - [Minor surgery of the fingers. 5. Ingrown nails].

PMID- 13687844
TI  - [Skin wounds. 1. Suture material].

PMID- 13687843
TI  - [Minor surgery of the fingers. I. Local anesthesia of a finger].

PMID- 13687845
TI  - [Skin wounds. 2. How to suture them].

PMID- 13687847
TI  - [Vein stripping].

PMID- 13687846
TI  - [Suture of wounds of the scalp].

PMID- 13687848
TI  - [Surgery of the colon in pictures].

PMID- 13687849
TI  - [Surgery of the rectum in illustrations].

PMID- 13687850
TI  - [Icterigenic hepatitis with meningoencephalitis of viral type. Clinical and
      electrencephalographic study].

PMID- 13687851
TI  - [Metabolites of higher fungi in relation to ergot and Ustilago maydis research].

PMID- 13687852
TI  - [Resection of a stenosis of the pelvic ureter recognized to be of a malignant
      nature].

PMID- 13687853
TI  - [Mn the diagnosis of the lumbar root compression syndrome].

PMID- 13687854
TI  - [Lumbar root compression syndrome and its surgical treatment (A report based on
      385 personal cases)].

PMID- 13687855
TI  - The growth of micro-organisms in relation to their energy supply.

PMID- 13687856
TI  - Medical education in Mississippi. I.

PMID- 13687857
TI  - Medical education in Mississippi. II.

PMID- 13687858
TI  - Medical education in Mississippi. II.

PMID- 13687859
TI  - [Paroxysmal tachycardia in infants].

PMID- 13687860
TI  - [Final vectors of ventricular activation in myocardial infarct].

PMID- 13687861
TI  - [The electrocardiogram in hyperthyroidism].

PMID- 13687862
TI  - [A study of the serotonin blood level in the course of schizophrenia].

PMID- 13687863
TI  - [Experimental Tofranil poisoning].

PMID- 13687864
TI  - [On the problem of alteration of the function of the spleen after deep roentgen
      irradiation of the thorax].

PMID- 13687865
TI  - [Contribution on radiation injuries of the ribs and clavicle in breast cancer
      patients].

PMID- 13687866
TI  - [On radiation reactions in the hungs and pleura of patients with breast cancer].

PMID- 13687867
TI  - [Results in the treatment of penis carcinoma by radium implantation].

PMID- 13687868
TI  - [On the inhibitory effect of thiocyanate on the plasma calcium increase following
      parathormone].

PMID- 13687869
TI  - [Pyloric stenosis caused by gastric tuberculosis].

PMID- 13687870
TI  - [Fumarase in the placenta, maternal blood and that of the newborn infant].

PMID- 13687871
TI  - [Phosphomonoesterase activity in the placenta and in the blood of the mother and
      the newborn infant].

PMID- 13687872
TI  - [Mammary repercussions of the postpartum period and diuretics].

PMID- 13687873
TI  - [Reflections on puerperal infection].

PMID- 13687874
TI  - [Study of a population of 97 confined murderers. Medicolegal, clinical,
      psychological and electroencephalographic study].

PMID- 13687875
TI  - [30 cases of tetanus treated by tracheotomy and prolonged curarization].

PMID- 13687876
TI  - [Th-1314 in combination with viomycin and terramycin in the treatment of
      pulmonary tuberculosis in the Negro race (apropos of 51 cases)].

PMID- 13687877
TI  - [Digestibility of Skofir, its action on intestinal flora].

PMID- 13687878
TI  - A study of bank blood toxicity.

PMID- 13687879
TI  - New fixative for cervical-vaginal smears. Preliminary report.

PMID- 13687880
TI  - Free gastric acid following hemigastrectomy with vagotomy.

PMID- 13687881
TI  - Osler-Rendu-Weber disease. Report of a case with repeated gastrointestinal
      hemorrhage.

PMID- 13687882
TI  - [Problems of the psychodiagnostic determination of drug-induced improvement of
      geriatric disorders].

PMID- 13687883
TI  - [Critical evaluation of a personality questionnaire (MMQ)].

PMID- 13687884
TI  - The significance of leptospiral hemolysin in the pathogenesis of Leptospira
      pomona infections.

PMID- 13687885
TI  - Derivatives of isatin beta-thiosemicarbazone with anti-viral chemotherapeutic
      activity against ectromelia infection.

PMID- 13687886
TI  - The zero effect dose (E-0) as an absolute numerical index of antiviral
      chemotherapeutic activity in the pox virus group.

PMID- 13687887
TI  - [Bacterial meningitis without cell increase in the cerebrospinal fluid as a
      complication of agranulocytosis].

PMID- 13687888
TI  - [Life-threatening course of mycosis fungoides in the pharynx and larynx].

PMID- 13687890
TI  - [Primary multiple laryngeal carcinoma ad its preliminary stages].

PMID- 13687889
TI  - [Plastic closure of a retro-auricular cerebrospinal fluid fistula with cerebral
      prolapse and meningocele].

PMID- 13687891
TI  - Total exchangeable potassium in systemic lupus erythematosus with reference to
      "triamcinolone myopathy".

PMID- 13687892
TI  - Absorption and distribution of Rubidium-86 in hyperkalaemia and acidosis.

PMID- 13687893
TI  - [Parenchymal surgery and surgery of the extremities-two branches of general
      surgery].

PMID- 13687894
TI  - [Results of treatment of so-called "problem children"].

PMID- 13687895
TI  - [The place of orthopedics in Swedish medicine].

PMID- 13687896
TI  - Guanethidine in treatment of hypertension.

PMID- 13687897
TI  - Smoking and the cardio-vascular system.

PMID- 13687898
TI  - [Spermatocyte division of Tipulae. III. Movement behavior of chromosomes in
      translocation heterozygotes of Tipula oleracea].

PMID- 13687899
TI  - [Prednisone in cases of paroxysmal tachycardia which are difficult to control].

PMID- 13687900
TI  - Reiter protein complement fixation test in the diagnosis of syphilis. Laboratory
      evaluation.

PMID- 13687901
TI  - [Cerebrospinal fluid. Current methods and research results as a basis of
      interpretation of cerebrospinal fluid findings].

PMID- 13687902
TI  - [Experiences with a gestagen-estrogen combination for peroral administration in
      secondary amenorrhea].

PMID- 13687903
TI  - [Information on a pharyngogenic brain abscess and its mechanism of development].

PMID- 13687904
TI  - [On the incidence and significance of urinary tract involvement in urogenital
      trichomoniasis in women, especially in chronic pretreated cases].

PMID- 13687905
TI  - [On the incidence and significance of urogenital trichomoniasis in a dermato
      venereological practice. A report on a 60-day examination].

PMID- 13687906
TI  - [On the treatment of urogenital trichomoniasis in men and women with "Bayer 5360"
      (Flagyl)].

PMID- 13687907
TI  - [The importance of the topography of the neck in the origin of laryngeal
      asymmetry].

PMID- 13687908
TI  - [The significance of serum lipids in vascular processes of the CNS].

PMID- 13687909
TI  - [On the determination of acid number].

PMID- 13687910
TI  - [On the study of adeps suillus DAB 6].

PMID- 13687912
TI  - Pathogenesis and clinical significance of constitutional hypertension.

PMID- 13687911
TI  - [Superposition procedures for the solution of partial problems in medical
      literature documentation].

PMID- 13687913
TI  - Some remarks on the properties and therapeutical use of aminopyrine (pyramidon).

PMID- 13687914
TI  - Terminology of genetic syndromes.

PMID- 13687915
TI  - [Humoral factors which intervene in the homeostasis of arterial pressure].

PMID- 13687916
TI  - Genetics of skin transplantation and an estimate of the number of
      histocompatibility genes in inbred guinea pigs.

PMID- 13687917
TI  - STONE SH: Isologous and homologous lymphoid transplants. I. The transfer of
      tuberculin hypersensitivity in inbred pigs.

PMID- 13687918
TI  - [Studies on the boundaries between the adeno- and neurohypophysis].

PMID- 13687919
TI  - [On progress in clinical cancer pathology].

PMID- 13687921
TI  - [Special problems of traffic accidents in congested areas].

PMID- 13687920
TI  - [On the technic of removal of the pituitary gland by percutaneous implantation of
      radioactive gold in the sella turcica].

PMID- 13687922
TI  - [Radioisotope nephrogram with iodine-131-labelled urografin].

PMID- 13687923
TI  - [Indication and results of partial bladder resections in bladder cancer].

PMID- 13687924
TI  - [Kidney agenesis and simultaneous cranial dysplasia as a common developmental
      disorder].

PMID- 13687925
TI  - [Genital gangrene in the man].

PMID- 13687926
TI  - [Radiation sequelae in the bladder-uterer area in cancer of the uterine cervix in
      the female and their treatment].

PMID- 13687927
TI  - [Surgical experiments in improvement of renal vascularization by collateral
      formation in animal experiments].

PMID- 13687928
TI  - [A contribution to the clarification of the relation between amoebae and viruses
      in water].

PMID- 13687929
TI  - [Variation of acoustic "evoked potentials" during the formation of conditioned
      food reflexes].

PMID- 13687930
TI  - Pseudomonas aeruginosa--contaminant or pathogen?

PMID- 13687932
TI  - [The effect of parasitic diseases on the quality of fish production and on the
      population of game fishes].

PMID- 13687931
TI  - [Treatment of female trichomoniasis with Clont].

PMID- 13687933
TI  - Arteriographic study of cerebrovascular disease. II. Cerebral symptoms due to
      kinking, tortuosity, and compression of carotid and vertebral arteries in the
      neck.

PMID- 13687934
TI  - Clinical evaluation of elipten: a new anticonvulsant drug for epilepsy.

PMID- 13687935
TI  - Carotid compression and rotation of the head in occlusive vertebral artery
      disease; relation to carotid sinus sensitivity.

PMID- 13687936
TI  - Measurement of chronic pain relief utilizing dose response of dextromoramide
      against morphine and placebo.

PMID- 13687937
TI  - Uzarigenin and desglucouzarin from Asclepias syriaca L.

PMID- 13687938
TI  - Needle biopsy of bone marrow.

PMID- 13687939
TI  - [Significance of unilateral neural reactivity changes for the activity diagnosis
      of tuberculosis].

PMID- 13687940
TI  - [On a practical approach to prevention of premature infant mortality].

PMID- 13687941
TI  - [The responsibility of the university hospital for the synthesis of medicine,
      science, and learning].

PMID- 13687942
TI  - A quantitative study of glomerular enlargement in children with tetralogy of
      Fallot. A condition of glomerular enlargement without an increase in renal mass.

PMID- 13687943
TI  - [The responsibility of the medical association for health education].

PMID- 13687944
TI  - [Formation, establishment and result of Kieler's protein-free animal bone-chip
      grafts].

PMID- 13687945
TI  - [Fatal accident caused by compressed air].

PMID- 13687946
TI  - [Developmental disorder in a child following a brain tumor in the mother].

PMID- 13687947
TI  - [On the relation between the aging of human erythrocytes and their content of cis
      vaccenic acid].

PMID- 13687948
TI  - The pathogenesis of the Exalto-Mann-Williamson ulcer. 2. Relation of the antrum
      to the hypersecretion of gastric juice in Mann-Williamson animals.

PMID- 13687949
TI  - Studies on Indian Rhynchobdellid leeches. I.

PMID- 13687950
TI  - [On the problem of organization of medical service for a combat group in an
      American infantry division].

PMID- 13687951
TI  - [Isolation in peripheral and adrenal venous blood of the ester sulfate of 5
      androstene-3 beta-ol-7,17-dione].

PMID- 13687952
TI  - [Ester sulfates of steroid hormones. Isolation and characterization of the ester
      sulfate of 5 beta-androstane-3 beta-ol-17-one (3 beta-etiocholanol-one) to a
      child].

PMID- 13687953
TI  - [Simple method of hydrolysis and of chromatographic analysis of urinary 17
      ketosteroids for use in clinical investigations].

PMID- 13687954
TI  - [Ester-sulfates of steroid hormones. Isolation of the ester-sulfate of 5
      androstene-3 beta-ol-17-one (dehydroepiandrosterone) in an adrenocortical tumor.
      Absence of the free steroid].

PMID- 13687955
TI  - [Fever, etiocholanolone, pyrogenic steroids and "periodic disease"].

PMID- 13687956
TI  - [Recent data on the metabolism of corticosteroids].

PMID- 13687958
TI  - Automation of sugar analysis in barometric condensers and boiler waters.

PMID- 13687959
TI  - Tranylcypromine-trifluoperazine in the management of emotional distress.

PMID- 13687960
TI  - [Experiments on the cultivation of alpha-amylase active Aspergillus orycae
      strains and on the preservation of amylolytic activity].

PMID- 13687961
TI  - [The isolation of amylase from under-water cultivated fungi and its use in the
      pectin industry].

PMID- 13687962
TI  - A critique of time-amplitude ultrasonography.

PMID- 13687963
TI  - Growth inhibition of Cryptococcus neoformans by cell free human serum.

PMID- 13687964
TI  - The relationship of fatal pulmonary insufficiency with cor pulmonale, rightsided
      mural thrombi and pulmonary emboli: a preliminary report.

PMID- 13687965
TI  - Enlarging pulmonary histoplasmoma.

PMID- 13687966
TI  - Gynecologic problems in the adolescent.

PMID- 13687967
TI  - Autosensitization by sperm in guinea pigs.

PMID- 13687968
TI  - Evaluation of lung volumes and intrapulmonary gas mixing in diseased and normal
      children.

PMID- 13687969
TI  - Effect of repeated roentgen or neutron irradiation on the hematopoietic system.

PMID- 13687970
TI  - Erythropoietic recovery and residual injury in rats exposed repeatedly to x-rays.

PMID- 13687971
TI  - Electronic instrumentation in a modern medical centre.

PMID- 13687972
TI  - [The content of copper in the tissues of patients with hepatolenticular
      degeneration].

PMID- 13687973
TI  - Early feeding of dextrose and saline solution to premature infants.

PMID- 13687974
TI  - [Experiences with medicinal treatment of epilepsy].

PMID- 13687975
TI  - [On the treatment of fractures of the elbow joint].

PMID- 13687976
TI  - [Inotropic effects of acetylcholine on the myocardium].

PMID- 13687977
TI  - [Behavior of silicic acid in human blood and urine].

PMID- 13687978
TI  - [Clinical experiences with the intravenous administration of hawthorn (Crataegus
      oxyacantha) in myocardial infarct].

PMID- 13687979
TI  - [Studies on the intracellular distribution of carbonic anhydrase in the rat
      kidney].

PMID- 13687980
TI  - [The determination of silicic acid in biological material].

PMID- 13687981
TI  - [The problem of preservation of the pulmonary parenchyma deprived of functional
      circulation: 2 cases of ligation of the left pulmonary artery for hemostasis
      during subtotal pneumonectomy].

PMID- 13687982
TI  - [Clinical experiences with Tofranil in the treatment of depression].

PMID- 13687984
TI  - [Surgical correction of complete loss of the extrahepatic bile ducts].

PMID- 13687983
TI  - [Repercussions of chronic alcoholism on the practice of surgery. Introductory
      outline of the discussion].

PMID- 13687985
TI  - [The death of M, Henri FRUCHAUD].

PMID- 13687986
TI  - [Experience in the treatment of scaphoid fractures of the hand].

PMID- 13687987
TI  - Ultramicro- and micro-determination of chloride by argentimetric titration with
      the indicator dichlorofluorescein.

PMID- 13687988
TI  - [Post-operative conjuctivitis due to failure to close the eyelids].

PMID- 13687989
TI  - [Electroencephalo-graphical demonstration of humoral transmission of neural
      active substance in transplantation of the brain following electrocortical
      stimulation of the recipient animal].

PMID- 13687990
TI  - Hyperuricemia and psoriasis.

PMID- 13687991
TI  - [Experiences with a new prepared vegetable food (galactina vegetable pulp)].

PMID- 13687992
TI  - [Studies on the problem of the duration of vaccinal allergy after BCG vaccination
      with Swiss BCG vaccine].

PMID- 13687993
TI  - [Experiences with the duodenal application of biloptin. (Preliminary report)].

PMID- 13687994
TI  - [Functions and problems of the polyclinic for male sterility].

PMID- 13687996
TI  - [Sources of errors in pyelographic diagnosis].

PMID- 13687995
TI  - [Bladder papilloma, ureterocele and calculus (a contribution to the theory of
      tumors)].

PMID- 13687997
TI  - Is the condylar growth center responsive to orthodontic therapy? An experimental
      study in Macaca mulatta.

PMID- 13687999
TI  - [Non-degenerated gastric villous tumor].

PMID- 13687998
TI  - Response of condylar growth cartilage to induced stresses.
AB  - The endochondral growth apparatus of the mandibular condyles, in contrast to
      epiphyseal plates of long bones, reacts positively to mechanical stimulation.
      Roentgenographic and histologic analyses of the joint structures of two
      experimental rhesus monkeys, when compared with untreated controls, showed
      obvious morphologic and structural transformations of the condylar heads as the
      result of the instituted treatment. Corollary differences were found in the
      ontogenetic and histogenetic pattern, as well as in the hormonal control, of
      these condylar growth centers.

PMID- 13688001
TI  - [From work in the field of "food chemistry" in 1960].

PMID- 13688000
TI  - The accessory meningeal artery of man.

PMID- 13688002
TI  - [The fungal count of parchment paper in relation to that of butter].

PMID- 13688003
TI  - Duration and size as determinants of peripheral retinal response.

PMID- 13688004
TI  - [The austenite antirust and acid-resistant steels and their value in medicine].

PMID- 13688005
TI  - Nocardiosis: report of a case resembling sporotrichosis.

PMID- 13688006
TI  - [Diabetic pregnancy and its current problems].

PMID- 13688007
TI  - [A modified oxytocin sensitivity test].

PMID- 13688008
TI  - [On the problem of induced labor].

PMID- 13688009
TI  - [Oxytocin spray for the induction of labor].

PMID- 13688010
TI  - [Community work for the care of pregnant women].

PMID- 13688011
TI  - [Teamwork in consultations with pregnant women].

PMID- 13688012
TI  - [On the period of usefulness of preserved whole blood].

PMID- 13688013
TI  - [On transfusion of blood and its components in obstetrics and gynecology].

PMID- 13688014
TI  - Assay procedure for the quantitative determination of clot lysis activity.

PMID- 13688015
TI  - [First aid at the site of accident and transportation of the sick with special
      reference to traffic accidents].

PMID- 13688016
TI  - Control of common radiation hazards in New York City.

PMID- 13688018
TI  - Methodology for government.

PMID- 13688017
TI  - Hospitals and the tragedy of unused medical knowledge.

PMID- 13688019
TI  - Public health in an affluent society.

PMID- 13688020
TI  - [Considerations on the aging of the locomotor apparatus. Methods of treatment].

PMID- 13688021
TI  - [On the constituents of the bark of Rhamnus purshiana (Cascara Sagrada Ph. Helv.
      V). 1. Assay for the presence of xanthorhamnin and the detection of aloin].

PMID- 13688022
TI  - [On the constituents of the bark of Rhamnus purshiana (Cascara Sagrada Ph. Helv.
      V). 2. Detection of 11-desoxyaloin].

PMID- 13688023
TI  - [Paper chromatographic characterization of frangula and purshiana extracts].

PMID- 13688024
TI  - [Hepatitis].

PMID- 13688026
TI  - [Skiing and the spine].

PMID- 13688025
TI  - [Tetanus prophylaxis].

PMID- 13688027
TI  - [The safety of the downhill run in skiing].

PMID- 13688028
TI  - Arteriosclerotic abdominal aortic aneurysm rupturing into the intestine.

PMID- 13688029
TI  - [Paul Baumm's method for the resuscitation of apparently dead newborn].

PMID- 13688030
TI  - [The position of the surgeon during cesarean section].

PMID- 13688031
TI  - An analysis of some aspects of the "interpersonal system".

PMID- 13688032
TI  - Hospital vocational rehabilitation.

PMID- 13688034
TI  - [On the phenomenon of entoptically visible movements of the blood. I].

PMID- 13688033
TI  - [On the phenomenon of entoptically visible movement of the blood. II].

PMID- 13688035
TI  - [Critical evaluation of electronoptic studies on the vitreous body].

PMID- 13688036
TI  - [Wirelessly transmitted micro potentials from the brain of conscious unrestrained
      cats].

PMID- 13688038
TI  - Induction of reverse mutations and cross reactivation of nitrous acid-treated
      phage T4.

PMID- 13688037
TI  - [Studies on the imparation of tonicity to single neurons in the posterior
      hypothalamus].

PMID- 13688039
TI  - [Experience with combined, potentiated Presuren-laughing gas narcosis in
      operative gynecology and obsterics].

PMID- 13688040
TI  - Experimental electron- and lght-microscopical studies on the function of the
      amnion-apparatus of the chick, the cat and man.

PMID- 13688041
TI  - Amnionmotoric and rockingmovements of the embryo (embryokinesis) in the hen's
      egg.

PMID- 13688042
TI  - [Coagulation disorders in pregnancy and during labor].

PMID- 13688043
TI  - Electrodiagnosis revisited: tenth John Stanley Coulter Memorial Lecture.

PMID- 13688044
TI  - [Post-adenotonsillectomy massive pulmonary atelectasis].

PMID- 13688045
TI  - [Gastrointestinal biopsy by aspiration in pediatrics. I. Investigative and
      clinical value: technic and preliminary results].

PMID- 13688046
TI  - [Gastrointestinal biopsy by means of aspiration in pediatrics. I. Investigative
      and clinical value. Technic and early results].

PMID- 13688047
TI  - [The gastrointestinal aspiration biopsy in pediatrics. II. Biopsy of the gastric
      mucosa in undernourished infants].

PMID- 13688048
TI  - [Aminoaciduria in toxicosis and severe diarrheas in the infant].

PMID- 13688049
TI  - [Urinary amino acids in chronic neurodermatitis].

PMID- 13688050
TI  - [Amino-aciduria in acute viral hepatitis in the child].

PMID- 13688051
TI  - [Amino-aciduria in diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 13688052
TI  - [Aminoaciduria in Wilson's disease].

PMID- 13688053
TI  - [Disorders of transport of amino acids, glucose and phosphates in the proximal
      renal tubule].

PMID- 13688054
TI  - [Acute stenosing laryngo-tracheo-bronchitis].

PMID- 13688055
TI  - [Syndrome of ovarian dysgenesis with pterygium colli and cubitus valgus].

PMID- 13688056
TI  - [On the production of mucinases by strains of E. coli].

PMID- 13688057
TI  - Effect of dietary protein and ascorbic acid levels on biosynthesis of collagen.

PMID- 13688058
TI  - [Changes of impulsation in the trunk of the vagus nerve of rabbits in acute
      radiation sickness].

PMID- 13688059
TI  - Antibiotic sensitivity of common organisms in urinary infection.

PMID- 13688061
TI  - Subacute bacterial endocarditis. Meningeal complications.

PMID- 13688060
TI  - Allergic encephalomyelitis after vaccination and serum therapy. Report of ten
      cases.

PMID- 13688063
TI  - [Table for experimental surgery].

PMID- 13688062
TI  - Effects of ultraviolet radiation on infection by intact and phenol-disrupted red
      clover mottle virus.

PMID- 13688064
TI  - Palm-prints.

PMID- 13688065
TI  - The choreiform syndrome and other work done by Heinz PRECHTL.

PMID- 13688066
TI  - Surgical correction of congenital stenosis of the right pulmonary artery
      accompanied by agenesis of the left pulmonary artery.

PMID- 13688067
TI  - Nitrogen mustard perfusion of the isolated dog lung.

PMID- 13688069
TI  - Blunt abdominal trauma.

PMID- 13688068
TI  - Prognostic significance of electromyography in congenital torticollis.

PMID- 13688070
TI  - Primary reading epilepsy.

PMID- 13688071
TI  - Paramyotonia congenita.

PMID- 13688072
TI  - Congenital universal insensitivity to pain.

PMID- 13688074
TI  - [The cyclator].

PMID- 13688073
TI  - Homologous fetal haematopoietic transplants in unirradiated humans.

PMID- 13688075
TI  - A note on the electrophoresis of serum proteins.

PMID- 13688077
TI  - Meckel's diverticulum presenting as a pelvic tumor.

PMID- 13688076
TI  - Effects of infusions of serum albumin on serum lipids and lipoproteins in
      nephrosis.

PMID- 13688078
TI  - Morphogenesis of renal cysts.

PMID- 13688079
TI  - [Cerebral circulation disorders].

PMID- 13688080
TI  - [Clinical aspects of epilepsy].

PMID- 13688081
TI  - [Diagnosis, differential diagnosis and therapy of circulatory disorders of the
      brain].

PMID- 13688082
TI  - [Drug abuse of the "modern man"].

PMID- 13688083
TI  - [History of the aphasia theory and the basis of cerebral localization].

PMID- 13688084
TI  - [Injection injury to the sciatic nerve].

PMID- 13688085
TI  - [Chylothorax, chyloperitoneum and chylopericardium].

PMID- 13688086
TI  - [Primary adenocarcinoma in the appendix].

PMID- 13688087
TI  - [Precipitation of a serum protein fraction (alpha 2 globulin) by protamine
      sulfate].

PMID- 13688088
TI  - Absolute measurement of W for Po 210 alpha particles in air, nitrogen, and carbon
      dioxide.

PMID- 13688089
TI  - Comparison of the ionization produced in air by alpha particles near 5 Mev and by
      beta particles.

PMID- 13688090
TI  - [Annular pancreas in children].

PMID- 13688091
TI  - [Hydramnios in atresia of the gastrointestinal canal].

PMID- 13688092
TI  - [On the problem of intracranial sinus and cerebral venous thrombosis].

PMID- 13688094
TI  - [On the problem of partography in obstetrical practice].

PMID- 13688095
TI  - [On the use of the Fothergill's operation and its results].

PMID- 13688093
TI  - [Allergic granulomatosis].

PMID- 13688096
TI  - [Perchloric acid titration of bases, which contain the SH- or -S- groups].

PMID- 13688097
TI  - [Photometric determination of alkaloids in waterfree media].

PMID- 13688098
TI  - [An analytical study of ergot and its alkaloids with the UV spectrophotometer].

PMID- 13688099
TI  - [A contribution to the excretion of estrogens in the urine in ovarectomized women
      with breast carcinoma under the influence of cortisone and its derivatives].

PMID- 13688100
TI  - [Comparative research on the influence of LH-and FSH-active preparations, as well
      as ACTH, on adrenal gland function, especially adrenal estrogens in
      ovariectomized women].

PMID- 13688101
TI  - [Androgenic and estrogenic activity in the urine in ovariectomized women with
      breast cancer].

PMID- 13688102
TI  - [Cushing syndrome: protracted dissociated cortical insufficiency after operative
      removal of an adrenocortical adenoma].

PMID- 13688103
TI  - [Surgery of the adrenals].

PMID- 13688104
TI  - [Electronoptic blood morphology].

PMID- 13688105
TI  - [Electronoptic studies on Babesia canis].

PMID- 13688106
TI  - [On the morphology of yellow fever virus (short report)].

PMID- 13688107
TI  - [Significance of the isthmic contraction dominance for the formal involution of
      the lower uterine segments and the portio after delivery].

PMID- 13688108
TI  - [The opening and closing mechanisms in the cervical isthmus segment].

PMID- 13688109
TI  - [On the question of the biochemical diagnosis of cancer with urinary proteases.
      The so-called Nitsche-complex reaction].

PMID- 13688110
TI  - [On the question of the enzymology of urinary proteases as a supporting reaction
      in the biochemical diagnosis of cancer. The so-called Nitsche-complex reaction].

PMID- 13688111
TI  - [Contribution on the cytochemical characteristic of various cell types in the
      human epiphysis].

PMID- 13688112
TI  - Gold salt therapy in rheumatoid arthritis: its present status.

PMID- 13688113
TI  - [Trials in the culture of Hansen's bacillus on monkey kidney cells].

PMID- 13688114
TI  - [Spontaneous torulosis in a cynocephalus].

PMID- 13688115
TI  - [Isolation of salmonella from human mesenteric ganglia].

PMID- 13688116
TI  - Maternal behavior and personality development data from the Berkeley Growth
      Study.

PMID- 13688117
TI  - The application of boundary potentials to several electrocardiographic problems.

PMID- 13688118
TI  - William Maddock BAYLISS, 1860-1924: life and scientific work.

PMID- 13688119
TI  - Endocrine disorders in anaesthesia.

PMID- 13688120
TI  - Hypotensive diuretics.

PMID- 13688121
TI  - [Acute post-traumatic renal insufficiency].

PMID- 13688122
TI  - [Acute uremias in the war-wounded. Diagnositic, evolutive and therapeutic
      problems. Report and analysis of 18 cases].

PMID- 13688123
TI  - [Treatment of mumps orchitis].

PMID- 13688124
TI  - Studies on the additivity of action of genes affecting host range in coliphage
      T2.

PMID- 13688125
TI  - [Medical search in a general practice in Arhus; an analysis of working conditions
      and an attempt at their evaluation].

PMID- 13688126
TI  - Residues of pelvic inflammatory disease and abnormal uterine bleeding.

PMID- 13688127
TI  - Self-decomposition of compounds labelled with radioactive isotopes.

PMID- 13688128
TI  - Amino acid metabolism of Salmonellae.

PMID- 13688129
TI  - Chronic illness and custodial care. Description of a treatment program.

PMID- 13688130
TI  - Patients with long-term illness.

PMID- 13688131
TI  - Problems involved in discharging the "chronic sick" patient from hospital.

PMID- 13688133
TI  - The sovereignty of inanimate particulates with reference to environmental health.

PMID- 13688132
TI  - Evaluation of intramedullary fixation of the tibia with the Lottes nail.

PMID- 13688134
TI  - [Pharmacological action of warfarin sodium in relation to its hypoprothrombin
      effects].

PMID- 13688136
TI  - [Symposium on geriatrics. Ophthalmological aspects].

PMID- 13688135
TI  - [Metachromatic reactions and antiheparin activity of derivatives of thiazines,
      oxazines, and aminoazines in vitro].

PMID- 13688137
TI  - Respiratory disease of bagasse workers. A clinical analysis of 69 cases.

PMID- 13688138
TI  - [Cruveilhier-Baumgarten syndrome].

PMID- 13688139
TI  - Continuous chlorambucil therapy in primary macroglobulinemia of Waldenstrom:
      report of four cases.

PMID- 13688140
TI  - [Contribution to the problem of the reliability of the chemical demonstration of
      dolantin in addicts].

PMID- 13688141
TI  - [Research on the pharmacognosy of the fruit of Juniperus nana Willd].

PMID- 13688142
TI  - [Research on the fruit of the plant Ammi visnaga L. (pick-tooth)].

PMID- 13688143
TI  - [On a microscopic differentiation of the leaves of Digitalis ferruginea, lanata
      and trojana].

PMID- 13688145
TI  - Huntington's chorea in Turkey.

PMID- 13688144
TI  - Advantages of halothane for patients undergoing hypothermia for neurosurgery.

PMID- 13688146
TI  - [Results obtained with Tofranil].

PMID- 13688147
TI  - [Cholesteatomatous otitis complicated and revealed by a neuralgic onset].

PMID- 13688148
TI  - [Considerations on present-day surgery for deafness].

PMID- 13688149
TI  - [Mixed tumor of the ear].

PMID- 13688150
TI  - [Method of drawing a normal individual dental arch based on the cuspid-incisor
      distance].

PMID- 13688151
TI  - [Bowen's disease-a contribution to the problem of carcinogenesis].

PMID- 13688152
TI  - [Meconium ileus-mucoviscosidosis. Meconium peritonitis produced in the fetal
      period. Report of a case].

PMID- 13688153
TI  - [Staphylococcal pneumonias in radiation injury].

PMID- 13688154
TI  - [Pentamine in the treatment of ulcer of the stomach, duodenum and dyskinetic
      constipation].

PMID- 13688155
TI  - [On the problem of congenital muscular torticollis].

PMID- 13688156
TI  - [An anaplastic spindle-cell epithelioma].

PMID- 13688157
TI  - [Mongolian blue spot].

PMID- 13688158
TI  - [Critical study on the anatomo-pathological differential diagnosis between
      annular granuloma and lipoid necrobiosis].

PMID- 13688159
TI  - [Ochronosis: histological study of the cutaneous manifestations].

PMID- 13688160
TI  - [Brill-Symmers disease with heterotopic tonsils and livedo].

PMID- 13688161
TI  - [Congenital cutaneous hemangiopericytoma].

PMID- 13688162
TI  - [Dubreuilh's precancerous circumscribed melanosis, with complex
      anatomopathological structure, localized on the back of the right middle finger].

PMID- 13688163
TI  - [Presentation of data concerning a child followed-up for 10 years for crusty
      candidiasis associated with trichophytosis (T. rubrum)].

PMID- 13688164
TI  - [Spiegler-Fendt sarcoids].

PMID- 13688165
TI  - [Some clinical aspects of cutaneous rickettsioses].

PMID- 13688166
TI  - [Results of the Nelson test and use of treponemal antigens treated with
      ultrasonics (Reiter strain) at the Clinique des maladies cutanees et
      syphilitiques of Toulouse].

PMID- 13688167
TI  - [Uncontrolled vomiting in nephritis in a patient with a horseshoe kidney].

PMID- 13688168
TI  - [Remote result of artificial pneumothorax, with thoracocautery].

PMID- 13688169
TI  - [Roentgenodiagnosis of calcified tumors of the spinal cord].

PMID- 13688170
TI  - [Oncological aid in Leningrad].

PMID- 13688171
TI  - [New substances and methods of disinfection of hospital rooms (from data of
      foreign research)].

PMID- 13688172
TI  - [Sterilization of homografts with the aid of beta-propiolactone. (According to
      forein investigations)].

PMID- 13688173
TI  - [Use of beta-propiolactone in disinfection and sterilization. (According to
      foreign investigations)].

PMID- 13688174
TI  - [Hyase iontophoresis in the treatment of chronic venous and lymphatic
      insufficiency of the lower extremity].

PMID- 13688175
TI  - [Effects of alpha-chymotrypsin on subcutaneous tissue of the rat].

PMID- 13688176
TI  - [The "in-vitro" effect of various enzymes on cartilage fragments obtained from
      rabbitears].

PMID- 13688178
TI  - [Tuberculous pleurisy in children].

PMID- 13688177
TI  - [The non-fibrillar proteins of the connective stroma].

PMID- 13688179
TI  - [Experimental studies on placental Rh-antigens].

PMID- 13688181
TI  - [On the problem of classification of "megasporosis" as a special nosological
      entity].

PMID- 13688180
TI  - [A study of the average content of hemoglobin in a single erythrocyte in children
      with acute leukemias].

PMID- 13688182
TI  - [Hepatic morphology in rheumatic syndromes].

PMID- 13688183
TI  - [The informative aspect of the works of monastic medicine and the "Commentarium
      medicinale" of Benedetto Crispo].

PMID- 13688184
TI  - A free response approach to the study of person cognition.

PMID- 13688185
TI  - Duplication of the primitive hindgut of the human being.

PMID- 13688186
TI  - Quantitative measurement of Evans blue space in the tissues of the rat: influence
      of 5-hydroxytryptamine antagonists and phenelzine on experimental inflammation.

PMID- 13688187
TI  - Emotionally disturbed children and adolescents. California State Department of
      Mental Hygiene programs.
AB  - Through programs that are directly operated by the state and through subsidy
      programs using state funds and federal funds, the Department of Mental Hygiene in
      California provides services for children and adolescents who are emotionally
      disturbed. Private institutions for these purposes, in the form of residential
      centers and day care centers, are licensed by the Department of Mental Hygiene.
      Direct services provided by the Department of Mental Hygiene include residential
      treatment programs and outpatient clinic services. There have been increased
      demands for more residential treatment programs and for services for rural areas.
      Indications have been noted of increased need for research on questions dealing
      with services of this kind and increased training programs to provide adequate
      numbers of trained personnel.

PMID- 13688188
TI  - Review of tuberculosis division, Baltimore city hospitals, 1960.

PMID- 13688189
TI  - Was this document written with the left hand?

PMID- 13688190
TI  - Epidemiology and pathology of coronary artery disease. I. Method of study.

PMID- 13688191
TI  - Psychological side effects of a drug study.

PMID- 13688192
TI  - Unusual diagnostic problems in the neck.

PMID- 13688193
TI  - Use of nerve grafts for repair of defects in the facial nerve.

PMID- 13688194
TI  - Treatment of carcinoma of the thvroid gland.

PMID- 13688195
TI  - Geriatric patients with head and neck problems.

PMID- 13688196
TI  - Surgery of the head and neck.

PMID- 13688197
TI  - Surgical treatment in the management of regional enteritis.

PMID- 13688198
TI  - [Apropos of geniculate herpes zoster].

PMID- 13688199
TI  - Islet cell tumour of the pancreas. A case report.

PMID- 13688200
TI  - Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (S.G.O.T.) in the diagnosis and prognosis
      of myocardial infarction.

PMID- 13688201
TI  - The ammonia content of stored blood.

PMID- 13688202
TI  - Riboflavin in red blood cells in relation to dietary intake of children.

PMID- 13688203
TI  - Dietary intake of individuals followed through infancy and childhood.

PMID- 13688204
TI  - Structure of the mate-killer (mu) particles in Paramecium aurelia, stock 540.

PMID- 13688205
TI  - [Certain genetic problems].

PMID- 13688206
TI  - Current concepts and treatment of amblyopia.

PMID- 13688207
TI  - A sensitive method for the colorimetric determination of urea.
AB  - A method is described for the direct colorimetric determination of urea in
      biological fluids. The method depends on the reaction (first described by
      Wheatley, 1948) between urea, diacetylmonoxime, and phenylanthranilic acid in the
      presence of controlled amounts of oxidant; chloride ions are included to
      sensitize the reaction; manganous ions stabilize the resultant colour; and
      phosphate enables reasonable reproducibility to be achieved. The method is rapid
      and suitable for routine analytical purposes. Precision and accuracy are good;
      sensitivity is high for an activated acid reagent up to about one week old, and
      thereafter decreases.A hypothetical mechanism for colour formation is presented.

PMID- 13688208
TI  - Circumferential replacement of the trachea with marlex mesh: preliminary report.

PMID- 13688209
TI  - Penetrating wounds of the heart.

PMID- 13688210
TI  - The frequency distribution of episodes of rheumatoid arthritis as shown by
      periodic examination.

PMID- 13688211
TI  - Approaches and standards for hygiene in nursing homes.

PMID- 13688212
TI  - Electrical properties of orientated lipid on a biological membrane. An
      electrostatic diffusion barrier and ion pump.

PMID- 13688213
TI  - Physical models in biology.

PMID- 13688214
TI  - The water relations of insect cuticle.

PMID- 13688215
TI  - Histopathology of ophidiasis in rabbits.

PMID- 13688216
TI  - Intestinal obstruction complicating anticoagulant therapy.

PMID- 13688217
TI  - Fine structure of the so-called segregation apparatus in erythrocytes of
      Necturus.

PMID- 13688218
TI  - Incidence of subsequent ragweed pollinosis in patients with perennial bronchial
      asthma and/or perennial allegic rhinitis. A study of 100 patient with negative
      skin test reactions to ragweed pollen at the time of starting specific injection
      therapy.

PMID- 13688219
TI  - Solubilisation by surface active agents.

PMID- 13688220
TI  - Carbohydrate metabolism of citrus fruits. II. Oxidation of sugars by an
      aerodehydrogenase from young orange fruits.

PMID- 13688221
TI  - An appreciation, Walter L. BIERRING, M.D.

PMID- 13688222
TI  - Mr. Jefferson's influence on American medical education. Some notes on the
      medical school of the University of Virginia.

PMID- 13688223
TI  - The medical utility of the rare, the obscure, the small and the trivial.

PMID- 13688224
TI  - [The interaction of synaptotropic agents at the level of the myoneural junction].

PMID- 13688225
TI  - [The interference of D-tubocurarine with acetylcholine release from the guinea
      pig phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation].

PMID- 13688226
TI  - [Report on the activity of the Toxicological Clinic of the University of Florence
      during the years 1956-1958. (Several observations on poisoning caused by
      mushrooms, barbituric acid preparations, tranquilizers, acids)].

PMID- 13688227
TI  - [The effect of ATP on inhibition by 2,4-dinitrophenol in isolated mammal atria.
      Analysis by the intracellular microelectrode technic].

PMID- 13688228
TI  - Arteriovenous fistula in an unusual site.

PMID- 13688229
TI  - Therapeutic trial of a new oral diuretic.

PMID- 13688230
TI  - Electron-microscope studies on the liver cells of yellow-fever-infected rhesus
      monkeys.

PMID- 13688231
TI  - The liver in infective hepatitis.

PMID- 13688232
TI  - Maryland citizens in action for community health.

PMID- 13688233
TI  - [The basic peculiarities of viruses of avian myeloblastosis and
      erythroblastosis].

PMID- 13688234
TI  - Perforated diverticulitis (of the colon) with generalized peritonitis.

PMID- 13688235
TI  - Diurnal temperature fluctuation and genetic variance in Drosophila populations.

PMID- 13688236
TI  - Control of gastric functio after subtotal gastrectomy.

PMID- 13688237
TI  - Peripheral neuropathy in association with carcinoma of thyroid.

PMID- 13688238
TI  - The effect of rapeseed oil on reproduction and on the composition of ratmilkfat.

PMID- 13688239
TI  - The place of griseofulvin in the management of tinea capitis.

PMID- 13688240
TI  - Genetical variations in the serum proteins of man.

PMID- 13688241
TI  - The response of the adrenal gland of the rat to pregnancy and lactation.

PMID- 13688242
TI  - An investigation of renal function during histogenesis in the late foetal and
      neonatal rat by means of the uptake and autoradiographic localization of
      radioactive potassium.

PMID- 13688243
TI  - Function of the foetal thyroid of the rabbit with regard to cholesterol
      metabolism studied by foetal thyroidectomy.

PMID- 13688244
TI  - Function of the hypophysis-thyroid system in the rabbit foetus with regard to
      cholesterol metabolism.

PMID- 13688245
TI  - Function of certain shoulder muscles in posture and in holding weights.

PMID- 13688246
TI  - Spontaneous rupture of the malarial spleen. A case report and some anatomical and
      pathological considerations.

PMID- 13688247
TI  - The association of sirenomelia with Potter's syndrome.

PMID- 13688248
TI  - [Ectopic pregnancy and fertility. Hydrotubation in the treatment of the residual
      tube].

PMID- 13688249
TI  - [Metrorrhagia in the postmenopausal period. (Experience at the Servicio de
      Ginecologia of the Instituto de Maternidad of La Plata)].

PMID- 13688250
TI  - Critical appraisal of sulfonylurea therapy of diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 13688251
TI  - Further studies on the action of chlorpropamide in diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 13688252
TI  - Orally given combinations of drugs in diabetes mellitus therapy. Further trial.

PMID- 13688253
TI  - Studies on latent infections of tissue cultures with dengue virus. I.
      Characteristics of the system.

PMID- 13688254
TI  - Transient myopia and retinal edema during hydrochlorothiazide (hydrodiuril)
      therapy.

PMID- 13688255
TI  - Lymphosarcoma of the choroid.

PMID- 13688256
TI  - The histopathologic characteristics of diseases producing inflammation of the air
      sacs in turkeys. A comparative study of pleuropneumonia-like organisms and
      ornithosis in pure and mixed infections.

PMID- 13688257
TI  - Familial myocardial disease. A report of three siblings, and a review of the
      literature.

PMID- 13688258
TI  - Lepromin-like reactions to normal tissue antigens.

PMID- 13688259
TI  - Quantitative muscle testing: principles and applications to research and clinical
      services.

PMID- 13688260
TI  - Starch gel electrophoresis of rat serum proteins. II. Slow alpha 2-globulin and
      other serum proteins in pregnant, tumorbearing, and young rats.

PMID- 13688262
TI  - Nutritional and physiological adaptations in pregnancy.

PMID- 13688261
TI  - Starch gel electrophoresis of rat serum proteins. I. Procedure and designation of
      components.

PMID- 13688263
TI  - [Nutritional and physiological adaptations in pregnancy].

PMID- 13688264
TI  - Phosphorus and lactic acid metabolism in the hypothermic rat.

PMID- 13688265
TI  - Further observations on metabolic alterations in the hypothermic rat.

PMID- 13688266
TI  - Haematologic and serum protein alteration in the hypothermic rat.

PMID- 13688267
TI  - Note on blood metabolite and electrolyte levels in the hypothermic hamster.

PMID- 13688268
TI  - The inhibition by acetazoleamide of renal phosphate-activated glutaminase in
      rats.

PMID- 13688270
TI  - Doctor and lawyer.

PMID- 13688269
TI  - Antiscientism and medicine.

PMID- 13688271
TI  - The Arizona physician and an Arizona medical school.

PMID- 13688272
TI  - The education of politicians.

PMID- 13688273
TI  - The physician and his state medical association.

PMID- 13688274
TI  - [The changes in the lesser circulation in relation to decubitus].

PMID- 13688275
TI  - [Benign tumors of the duodenum].

PMID- 13688276
TI  - Studies on the metabolism of the Chrysophyceae. Comparative structural
      investigations on leucosin (chrysolaminarin) separated from diatoms and laminarin
      from the brown algae.

PMID- 13688277
TI  - Toxoplasmosis.

PMID- 13688278
TI  - Gunshot wound of the pregnant uterus.

PMID- 13688279
TI  - Digital printout system for whole body scanner.

PMID- 13688280
TI  - Superior thyroid arteriovenous aneurysm.

PMID- 13688281
TI  - Acetoacetic acid metabolism by skeletal muscle fibers from control and diabetic
      rats.

PMID- 13688282
TI  - Pulmonary fibrosis.

PMID- 13688283
TI  - Synthesis of N-phosphoryl-D- and L-lombricine.

PMID- 13688284
TI  - The configuration of the serine moiety of lombricine and reptilian serine
      ethanolamine phosphodiester.

PMID- 13688285
TI  - Carpal tunnel syndrome caused by an unusual congenital anomaly.

PMID- 13688287
TI  - Air space studies with special reference to emphysematous air spaces.

PMID- 13688286
TI  - A study of pulmonary cavities.

PMID- 13688288
TI  - [Apropos of a case of pseudo-superfetation].

PMID- 13688289
TI  - [Osteochondritis of the hip].

PMID- 13688290
TI  - [A further case of congenital polycystic malformation of the biliary tract].

PMID- 13688291
TI  - [Rare tumor of the lumbar fossa. Apropos of a case of non-secreting malignant
      cortico-adrenaloma].

PMID- 13688292
TI  - [Grice's operation in paralytic talipes valgus flatfoot].

PMID- 13688293
TI  - [Full-thickness burns extending over more than 50 per cent of the body surface in
      a 5-year-old child. Value of local hydrocortisone].

PMID- 13688295
TI  - [Professor Paul ANCEL (1873-1961)].

PMID- 13688294
TI  - [Congenital colic atresia. Report of a case with recovery].

PMID- 13688296
TI  - A simplified method for determination of prostatic acid phosphatase using
      Bodansky units.

PMID- 13688297
TI  - [Importance of cupulometric examination in the posterior cervical sympathetic
      syndrome (Barre-Lieou syndrome)].

PMID- 13688298
TI  - Teratogenic activity of several closely related disazo dyes on the developing
      chick embryo.

PMID- 13688300
TI  - Dietetics as a career.

PMID- 13688299
TI  - [The follow-up of psychiatric patient after hospitalization].

PMID- 13688301
TI  - [Lead poisoning of aqueous origin in a young girl. Favorable action of chelating
      agents].

PMID- 13688303
TI  - [ABO fetal erythroblastosis].

PMID- 13688302
TI  - [The superior mesenteric artery syndrome].

PMID- 13688304
TI  - [Fetal erythroblastosis].

PMID- 13688305
TI  - [Prolonged pregnancy].

PMID- 13688306
TI  - The species concept: its evolution and present status.

PMID- 13688307
TI  - [Vascular complications during treatment with psychotropic drugs].

PMID- 13688308
TI  - [2 cases of benign tumors of the tongue].

PMID- 13688309
TI  - [Iatrogenic disease].

PMID- 13688310
TI  - [Professor Pablo ACOSTA ORTIZ].

PMID- 13688311
TI  - [Cardiotomy for removal of an intravenous catheter].

PMID- 13688312
TI  - [Pulmonary cancer].

PMID- 13688313
TI  - [On the pharmacodynamic evaluation of the efficacy of analgesics and
      tranquilizers].

PMID- 13688314
TI  - [Attempt at radioprotection in the mouse by 2 aniline derivatives].

PMID- 13688315
TI  - Changes in the radiosensitivity of the testis during foetal development.

PMID- 13688316
TI  - Radiosensitivity of oogonia and oocytes in the foetal rat.

PMID- 13688317
TI  - [Hypervitaminemia A induced by oral route and metabolism of chylomicrons. 1. The
      blood transport of absorbed vitamin A].

PMID- 13688319
TI  - [Anticoagulants].

PMID- 13688318
TI  - [Hypervitaminemia A induced by oral route and metabolism of chylomicrons. 2. The
      passage of ingested vitamin A into a chylothorax].

PMID- 13688320
TI  - [The indications on heparin in cardiology].

PMID- 13688321
TI  - [Reciprocal influence of the digestive and cardiovascular systems].

PMID- 13688322
TI  - [Sideropenic dysphagia: so-called Plummer-Vinson syndrome].

PMID- 13688323
TI  - [E.E.G. study of congenital cyanogenic cardiopathies].

PMID- 13688324
TI  - [E.E.G. changes during infectious diseases of the infant without clinical sings
      of encephalitis].

PMID- 13688325
TI  - [Myoclonic encephalopathy of the infant with hypsarrhythmia. E.E.G. study before
      and after ACTH treatment].

PMID- 13688326
TI  - [On the variations of the levels of noradrenaline in the cerebral tissue of the
      rates a function of age and sex].

PMID- 13688327
TI  - [Esthetic surgery and congenital malformations of the eyelids].

PMID- 13688328
TI  - Ultra-violet absorption spectra of proteins in deuterium oxide.

PMID- 13688329
TI  - Studies on human foetal haemoglobin. II. Foetal haemoglobin levels in healthy
      children and adults and in certain haematological disorders.

PMID- 13688330
TI  - Studies on human foetal haemoglobin. III. The hereditary haemoglobinopathies and
      thalassaemias.

PMID- 13688331
TI  - The nature of mental retardation.

PMID- 13688332
TI  - A re-evaluation of the rat preputial gland as a "dicrine" organ from the
      standpoint of its morphology, histochemistry and physiology.

PMID- 13688333
TI  - The hormonal induction of a vaginal leukocytic exudate in the germ-free mouse.

PMID- 13688334
TI  - The ultrastructure of the kidney in lead intoxication with particular reference
      to intranuclear inclusions.

PMID- 13688336
TI  - Mental deficiency and public health.

PMID- 13688335
TI  - Vitamin A deficiency in the germ-free rat.

PMID- 13688337
TI  - Control of soil-transmitted helminths.

PMID- 13688338
TI  - The design and application of positive pressure respirators.

PMID- 13688339
TI  - A case of extreme hyperglycaemia in diabetic coma with recovery.

PMID- 13688340
TI  - Chronic ulcerative colitis in a North American Indian.

PMID- 13688341
TI  - [The village test in psychiatric clinics].

PMID- 13688343
TI  - [Scoring and interactions in clinico-pharmacological evaluation].

PMID- 13688342
TI  - [Production of anti-rabies antibodies in mice exposed to beta-gamma radiations].

PMID- 13688344
TI  - Datura Stramonium L.: new research on a drug with a long history.

PMID- 13688345
TI  - [European, Russian and Canadian forms of Fomes officinalis (Vill.) Neuman
      (Agaricus masculinus)].

PMID- 13688346
TI  - [Modern research on an ancient and classical drug: Datura stramonium L].

PMID- 13688347
TI  - [Modern research on an ancient and classical drug: Datura stramonium L].

PMID- 13688348
TI  - [New drugs of nephrological interest. Current review].

PMID- 13688349
TI  - [Some aspects of the biosynthesis of cholesterol].

PMID- 13688351
TI  - The V/A ratio of the smaller vessels of the bulbar conjunctiva in diabetes
      mellitus.

PMID- 13688350
TI  - Diffuse bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.

PMID- 13688352
TI  - On the frequency of co-existing racemose haemangiomata of the retina and brain.

PMID- 13688353
TI  - Relationship between complement fixing antibodies against measles virus and
      canine distemper virus.

PMID- 13688354
TI  - Titers of complement fixing measles antibodies in human sera collected from one
      to five years after illness.

PMID- 13688355
TI  - Titers of complement fixing measles antibodies in sera collected at random from
      healthy persons in Copenhagen.

PMID- 13688356
TI  - [Dimorphous ("borderline") leprosy. Its classification].

PMID- 13688357
TI  - [Correlation between the results of the clinical reading and histopathological
      examination of the Mitsuda reaction].

PMID- 13688358
TI  - [Reversal of the lepromin reaction after retesting in children under 4 years of
      age].

PMID- 13688359
TI  - [Griseofulvin in the treatment of superficial and deep mycoses and moniliasis].

PMID- 13688360
TI  - [And how will this continue?].

PMID- 13688361
TI  - [On late prognosis in pregnancy toxemias].

PMID- 13688362
TI  - The sickness survey of Denmark. A summary.

PMID- 13688363
TI  - [On thrombotic microangiopathies].

PMID- 13688365
TI  - Issues in the anti-vaccination movement in England.

PMID- 13688364
TI  - [Intracranial calcifications in children].

PMID- 13688366
TI  - Serological investigations of atypical acid-fast bacilli.

PMID- 13688367
TI  - Subcorneal pustular dermatosis. Report of a case.

PMID- 13688368
TI  - Use of the left colon to replace the esophagus.

PMID- 13688369
TI  - An inventory for measuring depression.

PMID- 13688370
TI  - Beneficial effects of administration of Lactobacillus acidophilus in diarrheal
      and other intestinal disorders.

PMID- 13688371
TI  - [Neuritis of the superior laryngeal nerve].

PMID- 13688372
TI  - [The pigment of the stria vascularis].

PMID- 13688373
TI  - Dermatitis following furaltadone.

PMID- 13688374
TI  - Coronary heart disease: analysis of physiology and treatment.

PMID- 13688375
TI  - Death after a clean bill of health. So-called "fatal" heart attacks and treatment
      with resucitation techniques.

PMID- 13688376
TI  - The coronary patient wants better treatment.

PMID- 13688377
TI  - Coronary heart disease; mobile factors that can be treated.

PMID- 13688378
TI  - The revolutionary history of coronary artery disease.

PMID- 13688379
TI  - Accurate references.

PMID- 13688380
TI  - Effect of experimental pyelonephritis on the renal concentrating ability of the
      rat.

PMID- 13688381
TI  - A centrifugal technique of measuring food retention.

PMID- 13688382
TI  - A modified anthrone coloimetric technique for use in investigations related to
      the cariogenicity of foodstuffs.

PMID- 13688384
TI  - [The action of prethcamide, chloroquine and dinitrophenol in experimental
      silicosis in white rats].

PMID- 13688383
TI  - Pathological and anatomical aspects of orbital undercutting.

PMID- 13688385
TI  - The responsibilities of a professional nurses' association for the improvement of
      nursing service.

PMID- 13688386
TI  - [Hepatic glucuronate conjugation by thyroxin in hyperbilirubinemia].

PMID- 13688387
TI  - Detecting psychological symptoms of brain injury.

PMID- 13688388
TI  - [Treatment of functionl mega-esophagus (cardiospasm). Induced muscular laceration
      utilizing the Browne and McHardy pneumatic instrument under fluoroscopic
      control].

PMID- 13688389
TI  - The B.M.R. of your association.

PMID- 13688390
TI  - The scaling of pitch by the method of magnitude-estimation.

PMID- 13688391
TI  - Judgments of surface illumination and lightness.

PMID- 13688392
TI  - Texture-gradients and judgments of slant and recession.

PMID- 13688393
TI  - [Alteration of the larynx by hormones].

PMID- 13688395
TI  - Histological assessment of osteoporosis by iliac crest biopsy.

PMID- 13688394
TI  - Primate growth hormone studies in man.

PMID- 13688396
TI  - Some properties of human anti-antibody.

PMID- 13688397
TI  - Variations in the morphological patterns of "autoimmune" nuclear fluorescence.

PMID- 13688398
TI  - Parasitism in Jamaica.

PMID- 13688399
TI  - The physiology of vasodilation.

PMID- 13688400
TI  - [General anesthesia or conduction anesthesia in cesarean section].

PMID- 13688401
TI  - Active relfex dilatation in the innervated perfused hind leg of the dog.

PMID- 13688402
TI  - [Cystometry and sphincterometry in gynecology with new equipment].

PMID- 13688403
TI  - [Experiences with halothane anesthesia in gynecologic and obstetrical operations
      and intervenions].

PMID- 13688404
TI  - Young marriages.

PMID- 13688405
TI  - On secondary reinforcement and shock termination.

PMID- 13688406
TI  - Review of 1019 benign ovarian neoplasms.

PMID- 13688407
TI  - Corrected transposition of the great vessels.

PMID- 13688408
TI  - Hemodynamic effects of amyl nitrite and phenylephrine on the normal human
      circulation and their relation to changes in cardiac murmurs.

PMID- 13688409
TI  - Pulmonary vascular resistance after repair of atrial septal defects in patients
      with pulmonary hypertension.

PMID- 13688410
TI  - [Blood alcohol after blood loss and blood substitution].

PMID- 13688411
TI  - [On the inflamed knee. Does electrophoretic study of joint effusions reveal the
      type of joint injury?].

PMID- 13688413
TI  - Medical records techniques. II. The tumor clinic punch card.

PMID- 13688412
TI  - Medical records techniques. I. The diagnostic and therapy punch card.

PMID- 13688414
TI  - Wilms' tumor in the isthmus of a horseshoe kidney; case report and review of
      literature.

PMID- 13688415
TI  - Congenital lymph node obstruction of the common bile duct; a case report.

PMID- 13688416
TI  - [On acute quinine poisoning; clinical course and therapy].

PMID- 13688417
TI  - [Fracture of the base of the skull in old age. (A contribution to prevention of
      traffic accidents)].

PMID- 13688418
TI  - Plastic embedding, orientation in the mold and tape-supported sectioning of
      sclerotized insects and other hard objects.

PMID- 13688419
TI  - Selective softening of insect cuticle after impregnation with wax.

PMID- 13688420
TI  - [Silicosis in furnace stone cutters. Comparative occupational medical studies in
      4 Saarland iron works].

PMID- 13688421
TI  - The treatment of postoperative pulmonary atelectasis with intermittent positive
      pressure breathing.

PMID- 13688423
TI  - A simple method for the cultivation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

PMID- 13688422
TI  - Myotonia atrophica: electromyographic and endocrine studies.

PMID- 13688424
TI  - [An unusual injury of the frontal sinus. (A case report contribution)].

PMID- 13688425
TI  - [On unusual tumors in the otorhinolaryngological area].

PMID- 13688427
TI  - Topical epinephrine therapy of open-angel glaucoma.

PMID- 13688426
TI  - Iodopyracet (diodrast) transport by the rabbit eye.

PMID- 13688428
TI  - Hypothermia and aqueous humor dynamics of the rabbit eye.

PMID- 13688429
TI  - Iodide transport by the rabbit eye.

PMID- 13688430
TI  - The effect of hypothermia on aqueous humor dynamics. III. Turnover of ascorbate
      and sodium.

PMID- 13688431
TI  - The transport of organic anions by the rabbit eye. I. In vitro iodopyracet
      (Diodrast) accumulation by ciliary body-iris preparations.

PMID- 13688432
TI  - The turnove of bromide in the rabbit eye.

PMID- 13688433
TI  - The turnover of iodide in the rabbit eye.

PMID- 13688434
TI  - Tonography in the diagnosis of simple (open angle) glaucoma.

PMID- 13688435
TI  - A comparison of the antispasmodic activities of atropine and scopolamine and
      their N-methyl derivatives in mice by an in-vivo technique.

PMID- 13688436
TI  - Pharmacologic activity of phentermine (phenylt-butylamine).

PMID- 13688437
TI  - The nature of alcoholic hyaline: a histochemical study.

PMID- 13688438
TI  - Comparative hydrolysis of certain dental local anesthetics by human serum and
      plasma.

PMID- 13688439
TI  - Electrophoretic separation of human serum protein that hydrolyzes local
      anesthetics.

PMID- 13688440
TI  - Organ culture method of producing a leprosy-bacillus suspension (Nimorpel) for
      use as a lepromin.

PMID- 13688442
TI  - A note on Freud's primal horde theory.

PMID- 13688441
TI  - "Private" versus "public" logic: some anthropological and philosophical
      reflections on the problem of mental "health".

PMID- 13688443
TI  - Renal mechanisms for the excretion of inorganic sulfate in man.

PMID- 13688444
TI  - Antigen-antibody reactions in agar. VI. A method for the determination of antigen
      and antibody concentrations in absolute weight units.

PMID- 13688445
TI  - Effect of salicylates and related compounds on ablastic response in rats infected
      with Trypanosoma lewisi. I. Isomers of salicylic acid.

PMID- 13688447
TI  - [Rehabilitation and agriculture from an orthopedic viewpoint].

PMID- 13688446
TI  - Studies on the hemolytic properties of protamine.
AB  - The basic protein protamine causes a rapid hemolysis when incubated with the red
      blood cells of many mammalian species. The age of the cells does not affect the
      process. Neutralization of the active side groups of the protamine molecule with
      formalinization demonstrates that a specific degree of charge is necessary for
      hemolysis, as more than 30 per cent of the guanidine groups must remain unreacted
      to maintain activity. Unlike the hemolysis induced by the synthetic polypeptides
      polylysine and polyhomoarginine, protamine hemolysis is temperature-dependent.
      Whole lipoprotein material derived from red blood cell membranes inhibits
      protamine hemolysis to a greater extent than do the membranes themselves, serum,
      serum protein fractions, or cholesterol. The phosphatide and protein moieties
      derived from the membranes are quite avid in inhibiting protamine hemolysis. A
      probable explanation is that intracellular aggregation of these structural
      elements may cause changes in electrostatic charge and surface tension which
      result in increased permeability. The hemolytic and antitumor cell properties of
      protamine could not be segregated from its animal toxicity. Despite
      formalinization to a degree which eliminated the former, the compound remained
      quite toxic to mice and rabbits.

PMID- 13688448
TI  - [Cytological research on local inflammation].

PMID- 13688449
TI  - [Climatotherapy in a new light].

PMID- 13688450
TI  - [On the computation of normal values and on the evaluation of pathological
      decreases in free water clearance].

PMID- 13688451
TI  - [Azurogranular lymphocytes in the venous and capillary blood of sick children].

PMID- 13688453
TI  - [Logetronography].

PMID- 13688452
TI  - [Protection of the crystalline lens in irradiation of intraorbital tumors with
      fast electrons].

PMID- 13688454
TI  - [Radiotherapy of acute diseases of the kidney and urinary tract].

PMID- 13688455
TI  - [Cavernous sinus thrombosis of dental origin cured by conservative therapy].

PMID- 13688457
TI  - [On follow-up treatment and rehabilitation of epileptics].

PMID- 13688456
TI  - [Meningoencephalitis and encephalomyelitis in "Behcet's disease"].

PMID- 13688458
TI  - [Polyneuritis due to contergan].

PMID- 13688459
TI  - [Possibilities of treatment in whooping cough].

PMID- 13688460
TI  - Gout and serum cholesterol.

PMID- 13688461
TI  - Re-entry from space.

PMID- 13688462
TI  - Paralytic ileus simulating acute intestinal obstruction due to pentolinium
      tartrate (Ansolysen).

PMID- 13688463
TI  - [Some notes on production of sera and vaccines].

PMID- 13688464
TI  - Present concepts of cardiovascular rehabilitation.

PMID- 13688466
TI  - Trichlormethiazide in the management of congestive heart failure.

PMID- 13688467
TI  - The cytochemistry of anoxic and anoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in rats. I.
      Alterations in neuronal lysosomes identified by acid phosphatase activity.

PMID- 13688468
TI  - The localization of enzyme activities in the rat brain.
AB  - Studies with rat brain illustrate the usefulness of formol-calcium-fixed tissue
      for studying both enzymatic "chemoarchitectonics" and intracellular organelles.
      Unembedded frozen sections and polyvinyl alcohol-embedded sections may be used to
      demonstrate the activities of DPNH-tetrazolium reductase localized in
      mitochondria and ergastoplasm, TPNH-tetrazolium reductase localized in
      mitochondria, ATPase (and/or apyrase or ADPase) in cell membranes, and acid
      phosphatase in lysosomes.(1) Among the observations recorded are: (1) the
      presence of lysosomes in all cells of the brain; (2) the presence of numerous
      large lysosomes near the nuclei of capillary endothelial cells; (3) a polarized
      arrangement of large lysosomes in epithelial cells of the ependyma and choroid
      plexus; (4) the presence of ATPase activity in the cell membranes of some
      neurons; (5) the presence of either an apyrase or combination of ATPase and
      ADPase in the cell membranes of neuroglia and capillaries; (6) the presence of
      both DPNH- and TPNH-tetrazolium reductase activities in neuroglia; (7) the
      presence of DPNH- and TPNH-tetrazolium reductase activities in mitochondria and
      of DPNH-tetrazolium reductase activity in Nissl substance. The possible
      functional significance of these localizations is briefly discussed, as is their
      relation to "quantitative histochemistry" data available in the literature.

PMID- 13688469
TI  - The cytochemistry of anoxic and anoxioischemic encephalopathy in rats. II.
      Alterations in neuronal mitochondria indentified by diphosphopyridine and
      triphosphopyridine nucleotide diaphorases.

PMID- 13688470
TI  - Extended applications of free composite grafts.

PMID- 13688471
TI  - Plastic surgery of the nose.

PMID- 13688472
TI  - Surgery of the protruding ear.

PMID- 13688473
TI  - [Congenital diaphragmatic hernias. (Contribution to their pathogenesis)].

PMID- 13688474
TI  - [Cryptococcosis. Presentation of a case associated with schistosomotic granuloma.
      Review and study of cases from Brazil].

PMID- 13688475
TI  - [Non-functioning arrhenoblastoma in a 4-year-old child (histopathological study
      and histogenetic considerations)].

PMID- 13688476
TI  - [Biomorphosis from the point of view of the roentgenologist].

PMID- 13688477
TI  - [The significance of Buerger's expiration pressure test as a clinical and
      roentgenological function method].

PMID- 13688478
TI  - Perinatal mortality in a small community hospital.

PMID- 13688479
TI  - Delayed and immediate skin reactivity in man after the injection of antigen in
      emulsion. Cell transfer of the delayed sensitivity.

PMID- 13688480
TI  - Asthmatic bronchitis versus bronchial asthma.

PMID- 13688481
TI  - The bioelectric field pattern in the salamander and its simulation by an
      electronic analog.

PMID- 13688482
TI  - Auttomatic nuclear emulsion scanner.

PMID- 13688483
TI  - Genital Paget's disease.

PMID- 13688484
TI  - [Cholecystopathies in diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 13688485
TI  - [On the prophylaxis of surgical shock in tumor patients].

PMID- 13688486
TI  - [Serum fibrinogen and tumor volume].

PMID- 13688487
TI  - [The status of chemotherapy of maligant tumors].

PMID- 13688488
TI  - [Acute and chronic tryptic pancreatitis].

PMID- 13688490
TI  - [Morphological considerations on diagnosis by liver punctures].

PMID- 13688489
TI  - [Maturitas praecox placentae].

PMID- 13688491
TI  - [The nature and causes of tryptic pancreatitis].

PMID- 13688492
TI  - [Otorhinolaryngological contribution to the chemotherapy of malignant tumors].

PMID- 13688493
TI  - [Plastic surgery of the face and otorhinolaryngology].

PMID- 13688494
TI  - [Not every sudden and unexpected death is caused by a myocardial infarct].

PMID- 13688495
TI  - [On the morphology of "diffuse, saccular duct ectasia" of the parotid gland
      (Clinical-morphological study)].

PMID- 13688496
TI  - [Acoustical trauma].

PMID- 13688497
TI  - [On the duty of the physician to explain preoperatively in ear surgery the
      possibility of facial nerve injury].

PMID- 13688498
TI  - [Sodium, potassium and calcium levels of foods].

PMID- 13688499
TI  - [Sodium, potassium and calcium tables for foodstuffs].

PMID- 13688500
TI  - [Sodium, potassium and calcium tables of foodstuffs. (2)].

PMID- 13688501
TI  - [Sodium, potassium and calcium tables of foodstuffs. (5)].

PMID- 13688502
TI  - [Sodium, potassium and calcium tables of foodstuffs. (6)].

PMID- 13688503
TI  - [Sodium, potassium and calcium tables of foodstuffs. 4].

PMID- 13688504
TI  - [Sodium, potassium and calcium tables of foodstuffs. 7].

PMID- 13688505
TI  - [Sodium, potassium and calcium tables tables of foodstuffs. (3)].

PMID- 13688506
TI  - [Sodium, potassium and calcium values in foodstuffs].

PMID- 13688507
TI  - [Industrialized foodstuffs for the healthy and the sick from the viewpoint of the
      physician].

PMID- 13688508
TI  - [Permanent postoperative hearing restoration in spite of a stapes foot plate in
      the perilymph].

PMID- 13688509
TI  - [The clinical aspects of bronchial foreign bodies].

PMID- 13688510
TI  - GSR conditioning, anxiety, and extraversion.

PMID- 13688511
TI  - Comments on Cattell's paper on "perturbations" in personality structure research.

PMID- 13688512
TI  - The relationship of factors in parental ratings of self and each other to the
      behavior of kindergarten children as rated by mothers, fathers, and teachers.

PMID- 13688513
TI  - Surgical significance of abdominal sarcoidosis.

PMID- 13688514
TI  - Prevention of low back disability.

PMID- 13688515
TI  - [The effect of artificial pericardial adhesions on acute and muscular cardiac
      insufficiency in the ligature test].

PMID- 13688516
TI  - [Animal experimental studies of revascularization of the myocardium].

PMID- 13688517
TI  - [The effect of parenterally administered iodine on the glycogen content of
      myocardium, brain and liver tissue].

PMID- 13688518
TI  - Metabolism of human amnion cell cultures infected with poliovirus. II.
      Utilization of glucose, pyruvate and ribose in virus infected cells.

PMID- 13688519
TI  - Chemotherapy of cancer.

PMID- 13688520
TI  - The challenge.

PMID- 13688521
TI  - Ovary and thyriod secretion.

PMID- 13688522
TI  - [Endemic goiter and tissue deiodase].

PMID- 13688523
TI  - [Physicochemical properties and iodinated amino acid composition of rabbit
      thyroglobulin].

PMID- 13688524
TI  - [Study of thyroid proteins in a cancer of the thyroid gland].

PMID- 13688525
TI  - [Trials of combinations of vaccines].

PMID- 13688526
TI  - Gout and the serum uric acid in diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 13688527
TI  - The determination of the relative configuration of morphine, levorphanol and
      laevophenazocine by stereoselective adsorbents.

PMID- 13688528
TI  - Some factors involved in multiple spot formation in the paper chromatography of
      sympathomimetic amines in the presence of acids.

PMID- 13688529
TI  - Muscarinic receptors.

PMID- 13688530
TI  - Stereochemical factors in biological activity.

PMID- 13688531
TI  - Stereochemical factors in medicinal chemistry.

PMID- 13688532
TI  - Some observations on the fine structure of the mature larva of the nematode
      Trichinella spiralis.

PMID- 13688533
TI  - An epidemic of Salmonella typhimurium traced to frozen egg whites.

PMID- 13688535
TI  - A new approach to the study of the lymphocyte.

PMID- 13688534
TI  - Computers and clinical psychiatry.

PMID- 13688536
TI  - [Placenta praevia with transfusion of 8 liters of blood peroperatively].

PMID- 13688537
TI  - Popular headache remedies.

PMID- 13688538
TI  - Helminthiasis of sheep in Southern Georgia.

PMID- 13688539
TI  - An investigation into the feasibility of using the standard Martin-Baker ejection
      seat systems for underwater escape from ditched aircraft.

PMID- 13688540
TI  - Aspirin substitutes.

PMID- 13688541
TI  - Choice among thyroid compounds.

PMID- 13688542
TI  - Comments on treatment: on statistical importance.

PMID- 13688543
TI  - Table of antibiotic toxicities.

PMID- 13688544
TI  - Haptoglobin types in Macaca irus.

PMID- 13688545
TI  - Transferrin variations in sera of Macaca irus.

PMID- 13688546
TI  - Serum protein variations in monkeys.

PMID- 13688547
TI  - Transferrin variants in Lapps and Swedes.

PMID- 13688548
TI  - [The open mask - a chimera?].

PMID- 13688549
TI  - [A small audiometer with 3 frequencies. Its significance for the school-
      industrial- and examining physician].

PMID- 13688550
TI  - [On the etiology and audiogram of congenital perceptual deafness].

PMID- 13688551
TI  - [Papillary cystadenoma in the paranasal sinus area].

PMID- 13688552
TI  - [School audiometric tests with a 3-frequency audiometer].

PMID- 13688553
TI  - [The technic of drip infusions in infancy].

PMID- 13688554
TI  - [Extrapleural pneumothorax within the frame-work of the total therapy of
      pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13688556
TI  - [Studies on cold water and mud as toning agents].

PMID- 13688555
TI  - [Early therapeutic procedures for cardiovascular patients as recovery
      procedures].

PMID- 13688557
TI  - [On the quantitative determination and the qualitative demonstration of N
      phthalylglutamic acid imide (thalidomide)].

PMID- 13688558
TI  - [Results of comparative studies on the nutritional dependency of esterifled and
      free serum cholesterol in the young infant and in the premature infant].

PMID- 13688559
TI  - [Serum cholesterol tests in premature and young infants].

PMID- 13688560
TI  - Health education.

PMID- 13688562
TI  - The uncherished reward.

PMID- 13688561
TI  - [Experiences with high doses of Osadrin in the treatment of rheumatic patients].

PMID- 13688563
TI  - Post-operative endoauricultis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa cured by a second
      operation.

PMID- 13688564
TI  - Cardiac emergencies. Diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 13688565
TI  - [Chorionic gonadotropins in the treatment of early spontaneous abortions].

PMID- 13688566
TI  - [Hardships in the phosphate mine works in Morocco].

PMID- 13688567
TI  - [Apropos of several cases of suicidal behavior in melancholia patients].

PMID- 13688568
TI  - [Study of the relation between the phagedenic tropical ulcer and drepanocytosis
      in the Cameroons. Personal statistics concerning Pays bamileke].

PMID- 13688570
TI  - [Contribution to the study of Ioa Ioa filariasis].

PMID- 13688569
TI  - [Malaria and filariasis in the Bafang region (Bamileke country, Cameroons)].

PMID- 13688571
TI  - [Parasitic duodenitis caused by ankylostomas].

PMID- 13688572
TI  - [Several aspects of cutaneous leishmaniasis].

PMID- 13688573
TI  - Evolution of ventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis with left to right
      shunt into classic tetralogy of fallot. A case report with clinical,
      angiocardiographic and anatomic correlations.

PMID- 13688574
TI  - Small industry needs the private physician.

PMID- 13688575
TI  - A reading machine for the blind.

PMID- 13688576
TI  - Malabsorption syndrome due to amyloidosis of the intestine secondary to
      lepromatous leprosy: report of a case.

PMID- 13688577
TI  - Bernard SAMUELS.

PMID- 13688578
TI  - Progressive bilateral chorioretinitis. Kodachrome record for eighteen years.

PMID- 13688579
TI  - Progressive bilateral chorioretinitis: kodachrome record for 18 years.

PMID- 13688580
TI  - Effect of neomycin on experimentally induced anaplasmosis in splenectomized
      calves.

PMID- 13688581
TI  - Comparison of pulmonary diffusing capacity in normal subjects and in patients
      with intracardiac septal defects.

PMID- 13688582
TI  - [On the problem of negative serological reaction in patients with syphilis
      treated with bicillin-1].

PMID- 13688583
TI  - [Other times, other customs in cardiology].

PMID- 13688584
TI  - The alternating pressure mattress.

PMID- 13688585
TI  - Bedsores.

PMID- 13688587
TI  - Requirements for satisfactpry heating and ventilation.

PMID- 13688586
TI  - Aneurysm of the splenic artery.
AB  - This paper records an incidence of 10.4% of aneurysm of the splenic artery in 250
      consecutive routine post-mortem examinations. Medial degeneration seemed to be
      the commonest cause of such aneurysms and although a number were associated with
      other intraabdominal pathology, including portal hypertension, the association
      may be fortuitous and not causal.

PMID- 13688589
TI  - [Clinical aspects of poliomyelitis].

PMID- 13688588
TI  - The optical workshop of Giuseppe CAMPANI.

PMID- 13688590
TI  - [Advances in the chemotherapy of febrile diseases in the puerperium].

PMID- 13688591
TI  - [Secondary uremic oxalosis].

PMID- 13688593
TI  - [Contribution to the anatomical definition and morphogenesis of cor pulmonale].

PMID- 13688592
TI  - [Secondary uremic oxalosis].

PMID- 13688594
TI  - [Eczematous form of trichophytosis of the palm with symmetrical distribution].

PMID- 13688595
TI  - [On the 10th anniversary of the joint session of the Academy of Sciences of the
      USSR and the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR].

PMID- 13688596
TI  - [R P 8823 in the oral treatment of trichomoniasis. Immediate results].

PMID- 13688597
TI  - [Oral treatment of urogenital trichomoniasis in women with metronidazole (8823 R.
      P.)].

PMID- 13688599
TI  - [15 Zarate-type symphysiotomies].

PMID- 13688598
TI  - [The mechanism of spermatism in the male frog].

PMID- 13688600
TI  - [Perinatal mortality. Presentation of the problem].

PMID- 13688601
TI  - [Presentation of the problem of perinatal mortality].

PMID- 13688602
TI  - The effects of pterygium surgery on refraction and corneal curvature.

PMID- 13688603
TI  - [Comparative studies on strains of the genera Actinobacterium, Actinomyces bovis
      and Nocardia asteroides].

PMID- 13688604
TI  - [Determination of morphological, cultural and biochemical characteristics, of
      pathogenic capacities and of antibiotic resistance in 9 strains of Nocardia
      asteroides].

PMID- 13688605
TI  - [Observations on 10 cases of subdural empyema].

PMID- 13688606
TI  - The problems associated with fine and other visually difficult concentrated tasks
      in industry.

PMID- 13688607
TI  - A hypothalamic hamartoma with dendritic proliferation and other neuronal changes
      associated with "blastomatoid" reaction of astrocytes.

PMID- 13688608
TI  - Medical support of ICBM operations.

PMID- 13688609
TI  - Challenge to physicians for the new decade.

PMID- 13688610
TI  - Lung cancer in World War I veterans: possible relation to mustard-gas injury and
      1918 influenza epidemic.

PMID- 13688611
TI  - Symptomatology in stuttering. An aid to the case history.

PMID- 13688612
TI  - Voluntary tachylalia.

PMID- 13688613
TI  - Preliminary investigations of the effects of Sernyl upon cognitive and sensory
      processes.

PMID- 13688614
TI  - Surgery as placebo. A quantitative study of bias.

PMID- 13688615
TI  - The present status and the future development of the physician anaesthetist.

PMID- 13688616
TI  - [Pathology and experimental study on the advancement of research on subjective
      reactions with special emphasis on pain].

PMID- 13688617
TI  - An analysis of in-patient statistics in Kiambu Hospital from 1939 to 1958.

PMID- 13688618
TI  - [Comparative study of 111 cases of purulent meningitis in children in the Congo].

PMID- 13688620
TI  - [Prevention of tetanus].

PMID- 13688619
TI  - [Nevi].

PMID- 13688621
TI  - [Rewarding meritorious service (new style merit rating)].

PMID- 13688622
TI  - [Contribution to the problem: does the possibility exist of lowering the
      tolerance dose for roentgen personnel to 1 rad per year?].

PMID- 13688623
TI  - [Roentgen diagnosis and its hazards for the patient].

PMID- 13688624
TI  - [When are patients endangered by roentgen diagnostic studies?].

PMID- 13688625
TI  - Melanogenuria-evaluation of several commonly used laboratory procedures.

PMID- 13688626
TI  - Leptospira kremastos infection in Jamaica, West Indies.

PMID- 13688627
TI  - Embolization from the atria in arteriosclerotic heart disease.

PMID- 13688628
TI  - [Selected chapters of clinical bacteriology. I. Salmonella infections].

PMID- 13688629
TI  - [Selected chapters on clinical bacteriology. II. Brucelloses].

PMID- 13688630
TI  - [Streptococcal infections].

PMID- 13688631
TI  - [Unusual microbiological cases in human medicine (pseudotuberculosis,
      aspergillosis)].

PMID- 13688632
TI  - Structure of ribosomes from Escherichia coli as revealed by their disintegration.

PMID- 13688633
TI  - Disposition of membranes in Alcaligenes faecalis.

PMID- 13688634
TI  - Electron microscopy of unbroken DNA molecules.

PMID- 13688635
TI  - [Permanganate Alcian Blue as a staining method for Candida albicans in sections
      and in cultures].

PMID- 13688636
TI  - Saint Luke's Day sermon.

PMID- 13688637
TI  - [Action of bile on the growth of certain gram-negative anaerobic bacteria].

PMID- 13688638
TI  - Syphilis. Review of the recent literature, 1959-1960.

PMID- 13688639
TI  - Psoriasis: a review of some current concepts.

PMID- 13688640
TI  - [A Balbiani ring as locus of a salivary gland mutation].

PMID- 13688641
TI  - [Withdrawal treatment of alcoholics].

PMID- 13688642
TI  - Some complexities and perplexities of pharmaceutical industry relationships.

PMID- 13688643
TI  - Today's challenges for the health team.

PMID- 13688644
TI  - Observations on the development of Hypoderma Lineatum de Villiers (Diptera,
      Oestridae) in the bovine host.

PMID- 13688645
TI  - Clinical medicine and the future.

PMID- 13688646
TI  - [Disorders caused by some forms of tubular diseases].

PMID- 13688647
TI  - [Variations in some forms of tubular disorders].

PMID- 13688648
TI  - A study of the influence of polymyxine combined with chloramphenicol on
      Salmonella in vitro and in vivo in carriers of S. paratyphi B.

PMID- 13688649
TI  - Cytochemistry and sensitivity of a human amnion cell-line to Coxsackie A23
      (ECHO9) virus.

PMID- 13688650
TI  - Metabolic production of sucrose from fat.

PMID- 13688651
TI  - Use of erythromycin propionate in hospital infections.

PMID- 13688652
TI  - [Effect of electrical stimulations of the preoptic nucleus of the male Rana
      esculenta].

PMID- 13688654
TI  - [Ocular neuropathology of abiotrophies, in particular, the anatomo-pathological
      aspects of the retina in amaurotic idiocy].

PMID- 13688653
TI  - [Indications and results of the intravenous administration of pyrrolidinylmethyl
      tetra-cycline in infections of the urinary tract].

PMID- 13688655
TI  - [Reflections on the subject of a round focus followed for 5 years].

PMID- 13688656
TI  - Clinical experience with actinomycin C.

PMID- 13688657
TI  - [Recovery in aconite poisoning by intravenous administration of calcium gluconate
      and magnesium sulfate].

PMID- 13688658
TI  - Radiographic demonstration of the "hypoglossal artery". A rare type of persistent
      anomalous carotidbasilar anastomosis.

PMID- 13688659
TI  - A further case of chorioangioma.

PMID- 13688660
TI  - The campaign against hydatid disease: an experiment in social medicine.

PMID- 13688661
TI  - Prophylactic quinidine after myocardial infarction.

PMID- 13688663
TI  - [Experiments relating to the action of acetylcholine on the pulmonary
      circulation, with description of a systemic hypotensive reflex induced by
      mechanical stimulus in the lesser circulation].

PMID- 13688664
TI  - [Experiments on the lamb for the detection of a bulbar reflex center regulating
      the activity of the reticulum].

PMID- 13688662
TI  - [Intravenous urea as an aid to anaesthesia and akinesis in ophthalmic surgery.
      Preliminary note].

PMID- 13688665
TI  - [Survey on nutrition and the health status of Warega children (Belgian Congo)].

PMID- 13688666
TI  - [Manchester operation in the treatment of genital prolapse. Observations on 103
      cases].

PMID- 13688667
TI  - [A report on the work of the oncological service of a regional polyclinic during
      the past 14 years (1947-1960)].

PMID- 13688669
TI  - [The morphology of autosensitization in experimental conditions].

PMID- 13688668
TI  - [Pulmonary cysts].

PMID- 13688670
TI  - [Morphology of the kidneys in various types of sensitization in experimental
      conditions].

PMID- 13688671
TI  - Influence of benactyzine and derivatives on apomorphine-induced canine emesis and
      morphine-induced feline mania.

PMID- 13688673
TI  - [Operation for ptosis using the Ohashi procedure].

PMID- 13688672
TI  - [17-alpha-ethyl-19 nortestosterone (or norethandrolone) and its propionic ester
      used in the treatment of emaciations].

PMID- 13688674
TI  - [Study of the differences in cataphoresis rate between B. prodigiosus and its
      mutants, depending upon the physicochemical conditions of the milieu].

PMID- 13688675
TI  - [Management of insulin. Rules for insulin medication].

PMID- 13688676
TI  - [Insulin. Its different types. Action of each type. Mixture of insulins].

PMID- 13688677
TI  - [Management of insulin, Rules for insulin medication].

PMID- 13688678
TI  - [Nutrition in renal diseases].

PMID- 13688679
TI  - [Nutrition in renal diseases].

PMID- 13688680
TI  - [Nutrition in renal diseases].

PMID- 13688681
TI  - [The diet in diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 13688682
TI  - [Treatment of properly called diabetic complications].

PMID- 13688683
TI  - The perceived duration of auditory and visual intervals: cross-modal comparison
      and interaction.

PMID- 13688684
TI  - Agreement on the concept of the ideal therapist as a function of experience.

PMID- 13688685
TI  - [Vegetable mixtures as sources of protein in human nutrition. VII. Conclusions
      and recommendations].

PMID- 13688686
TI  - Effects of conjugated bile acids on in vivo cholesterol metabolism in the mouse.

PMID- 13688687
TI  - The feedback control of cholestrol biosynthesis.

PMID- 13688688
TI  - [The biological diagnosis of acute hepatic amebiasis].

PMID- 13688689
TI  - [Study of the toxicity to humans of an organophosphorated insecticide].

PMID- 13688690
TI  - [On a very short histological method for the demonstration of Guarniert's
      inclusion bodies in the rabbit cornea].

PMID- 13688691
TI  - [On the effects of Dilatol on the small blood vessels].

PMID- 13688692
TI  - Perfusion of the isolated prostatic circulation with radioactive phosphorus (P
      32).

PMID- 13688693
TI  - Regional perfusion of the prostatic circulation.

PMID- 13688694
TI  - Cesarean section delivery after death of the mother.

PMID- 13688696
TI  - [Old and new concepts on the chemism of citric acid fermentation].

PMID- 13688695
TI  - Conservative surgical treatment of hydronephrosis. Results of treatment of
      mechanical obstruction of the upper ureter.

PMID- 13688697
TI  - [Contribution to the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of ornithosis].

PMID- 13688698
TI  - [Dispensary care and rehabilitation of chronic eczema patients].

PMID- 13688699
TI  - [On the Vidal concept of lichen].

PMID- 13688700
TI  - Incomplete obstruction of the common bile duct: an experimental study.

PMID- 13688701
TI  - Large bowel obstruction.

PMID- 13688702
TI  - Drug evaluation in industrial medicine. Purposes and procedures.

PMID- 13688703
TI  - Planning for women in industry.

PMID- 13688704
TI  - [Experiences in the treatment of non-specific urinary tract infections in
      tuberculous patients].

PMID- 13688705
TI  - The influence of Italian medicine on surgery.

PMID- 13688706
TI  - A statistical programme for geographic multiple sclerosis research.

PMID- 13688707
TI  - [Cardial resection in the treatment of postsplenectomy hemorrhage].

PMID- 13688708
TI  - Virus hepatitis after blood transfusion.

PMID- 13688709
TI  - [Viral hepatitis after blood transfusions].

PMID- 13688710
TI  - [Indications for surgery in bleeding gastroduodenal ulcers].

PMID- 13688711
TI  - [Treatment of esophageal varix hemorrhages in childhood].

PMID- 13688712
TI  - Treatment of alcoholism.

PMID- 13688713
TI  - [Remarks on pulmonary sarcoidosis (Boeck's disease)].

PMID- 13688714
TI  - Coarctation of the aorta in infants.

PMID- 13688715
TI  - Present day concepts of rheumatic fever.

PMID- 13688716
TI  - A plea for competence.

PMID- 13688717
TI  - Catholic health facilities in 1960.

PMID- 13688718
TI  - A biochemical theory of mental illness.

PMID- 13688719
TI  - John LIZARS. Centenary of a forgotten pioneer of the surgery of trigeminal
      neuralgia.

PMID- 13688720
TI  - Dental surgery during continuous anticoagulant therapy.

PMID- 13688721
TI  - Dental surgery during continuous anticoagulant therapy.

PMID- 13688722
TI  - Artificial insemination.

PMID- 13688723
TI  - Modern concepts in surgical preparation of the edentulous mouth.

PMID- 13688724
TI  - Mental health in the classroom.

PMID- 13688725
TI  - [Condition of the peripheral blood and bone marrow in tele-gamma therapy of
      patients with esophageal cancer].

PMID- 13688726
TI  - [Lupus erythematosus phenomenon and other auto-phagocytosis phenomena in blood.
      Frequency and diagnostic significance. LE cells, nucleophagocytoses,
      leukophagocytoses, erythrophagocytoses].

PMID- 13688728
TI  - [On the problem of lupoid hepatitis].

PMID- 13688729
TI  - [Allergy in the field of otorhinolaryngology].

PMID- 13688727
TI  - [Diaplacental transmission of auto-anti-bodies].

PMID- 13688730
TI  - Physiology of olfaction and gustation.

PMID- 13688731
TI  - The chemical senses.

PMID- 13688732
TI  - [Disorders of cellular metabolism according to cytomorphological data in diseases
      of the blood system].

PMID- 13688733
TI  - [Nikolai Iakovlevich CHISTOVICH. On 100th anniversary of his birth].

PMID- 13688734
TI  - Rabbit pregnancies after immunization with extract of thyroid gland.

PMID- 13688735
TI  - Radiosotopes in clinical medicine.

PMID- 13688737
TI  - [Heparin therapy (especially in local application)].

PMID- 13688736
TI  - Improvement of adipose tissue insulin bio-assay by lengthening incubation time.

PMID- 13688738
TI  - Liaision psychiatry.

PMID- 13688739
TI  - Antisepsis of surgeons' hands. A study of various agents under theatre
      conditions.

PMID- 13688740
TI  - [50th anniversary of the First All-Russian Congress of Industrial Physicians].

PMID- 13688741
TI  - [On 50th anniversary of the All-Russian Congress of Factory Physicians (1911
      1961)].

PMID- 13688742
TI  - [Chemoprophylaxis and chemotherapy of tuberculosis in army conditions].

PMID- 13688743
TI  - [On the problem of "agnosia of the face"].

PMID- 13688744
TI  - Evidence for a new type of iron containing electron carrier in mitochondria.

PMID- 13688745
TI  - Bilateral choanal atresia in the newborn. Surgical dangers to be avoided.

PMID- 13688746
TI  - [Lipomatosis of the ileocecal valve. Presentation and discussion of 7 cases].

PMID- 13688747
TI  - Considerations of shielding for cestium-137 sources, containing cesium 134.

PMID- 13688748
TI  - Renal colic.

PMID- 13688749
TI  - Hydatidiform mole with co-existent foetus.

PMID- 13688750
TI  - Intravascular defibrination in pregnancy with associated pituitary and kidney
      damage.

PMID- 13688751
TI  - Comparison of certain metabolic effects of triiodothyronine, salicylate and
      dinitrophenol.

PMID- 13688752
TI  - Induced protein synthesis.

PMID- 13688753
TI  - A study of suicides in a mental hospital.

PMID- 13688754
TI  - Psychodynamic observations of a sport.

PMID- 13688755
TI  - [An experience report on 102 prostatectomies in a tropical hospital].

PMID- 13688756
TI  - [For hungry children].

PMID- 13688757
TI  - [How to solve the problem of small statures].

PMID- 13688758
TI  - [Three years of activity of social physicians].

PMID- 13688759
TI  - Cataract as a late sequel of contact roentgen therapy of angiomas in children.

PMID- 13688760
TI  - [Late post-radiation changes in tissues and organs after close-focus irradiation
      of angiomas in childhood].

PMID- 13688761
TI  - [Clinical research on Ampiivix, a new coronary vasodilator substance].

PMID- 13688762
TI  - [Research on the benzofuran series. III. Study of the thyroid function in man
      during the administration of an iodized bensofuran derivative (Benziodarone)].

PMID- 13688763
TI  - [Clinical-morphological changes in tuberculosis of the talocrural joint].

PMID- 13688764
TI  - [The effect of pilocarpine and atropine on the size of the pupil and intraocular
      pressure in rabbits in normal conditions and in disorders of innervation of the
      eye].

PMID- 13688765
TI  - [On the problem of seasonal variations of the blood calcium and phosphate level
      in the dog].

PMID- 13688766
TI  - [Comparative chemical and biological determination of vitamin D].

PMID- 13688767
TI  - [On the toxicological significance of salicylates].

PMID- 13688768
TI  - [On the hypokalemic form of paroxysmal paralysis. On the problem hereditary of
      episodic adynamial].

PMID- 13688769
TI  - [Polyopia and polinopsia].

PMID- 13688770
TI  - [Investigations on paroxysmal myoplegia. III. Permanent lesions of the skeleto
      muscular system. Metabolic development of a myopathyl].

PMID- 13688771
TI  - Are surgical experiments on human subjects necessary?

PMID- 13688772
TI  - Neural inhibitory units of the eye and skin. Quantitative description of contrast
      phenomena.

PMID- 13688773
TI  - Venopathic ulcers of leg. Pathology and clinical picture with evaluation of the
      known clinical tests.

PMID- 13688774
TI  - Venous return in the lower limb and its relation to venopathic ulcers of leg.

PMID- 13688775
TI  - Hemorrhoidectomy. A new technic of extramucous excision.

PMID- 13688776
TI  - Treatment of venopathic ulcers of leg.

PMID- 13688777
TI  - [Morphological characteristics of actinomycetes Act. Iavendulae and Act.
      aureofaciens after a prolonged cultivation of flowing media].

PMID- 13688778
TI  - [Oxidation of glucose in Act. violaceus strain 719 culture].

PMID- 13688779
TI  - [On activities of electrophysiological laboratories in England (personal
      impressions)].

PMID- 13688780
TI  - [Extensive calcification in a case of cerebral glioma with unusual histo-clinical
      course].

PMID- 13688781
TI  - Studies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv grown in vivo: inhibitor of lactic
      acid dehydrogenase in normal and infected mice.

PMID- 13688782
TI  - [2 cases of polypoid thrombi in the heart].

PMID- 13688783
TI  - [Changes in the peripheral nervous system in rheumatism].

PMID- 13688784
TI  - [Changes in the peripheral nervous sytem in rheumatism in children and
      adolescents].

PMID- 13688785
TI  - [On the problem of the morbid anatomy of thrombosis and embolism in rheumatism].

PMID- 13688786
TI  - [The clinical interpretation of modern serological tests in the diagnosis of
      syphilis].

PMID- 13688787
TI  - [Nucleotides in plague bacteria in various growth conditions].

PMID- 13688788
TI  - [Causes and prevention of stillbirth from the current point of view].

PMID- 13688789
TI  - [Fetus in latent infection of pregnancy].

PMID- 13688790
TI  - [Late toxemias of pregnancy from the current viewpoint].

PMID- 13688792
TI  - [On cytotoxic properties of extracts from fungal mycelia].

PMID- 13688791
TI  - [Distribution and properties of the Fusarium strains from the sporotrichiella
      section and their antagonists isolated in the areas of the Urov epidemic].

PMID- 13688793
TI  - [Antitumor properties of mycelial extracts of certain fungi].

PMID- 13688794
TI  - Treatment of secondary disease in radiation chimaeras.

PMID- 13688795
TI  - [Requisites for the taking of bone marrow grafts and risks inherent in the same].

PMID- 13688796
TI  - [On planning measures for the control of tick encephalitis].

PMID- 13688797
TI  - [Mixed tumor of the abdominal cavity].

PMID- 13688799
TI  - [Treatment of Biermer's disease and parabiermerian anemias].

PMID- 13688798
TI  - [Acute obstruction of the great cerebral arteries (Galen) in experimental
      conditions].

PMID- 13688800
TI  - [Treatment of infectious mononucleosis].

PMID- 13688801
TI  - Preparation of primary human amnion tissue cultures.

PMID- 13688802
TI  - [Blood penicillin curves with the potassium salt of phenoxymethylpenicillin].

PMID- 13688803
TI  - [Experience with sanitary air protection in Vinnitsa].

PMID- 13688804
TI  - [Experience in the treatment of paralysis in diphtheria with glutamic acid].

PMID- 13688805
TI  - [Problems in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of diphtheria].

PMID- 13688806
TI  - [Biological characteristics of the pathogenic serotype 561 of Escherichia coli
      isolated from patients with intestinal diseases].

PMID- 13688807
TI  - [Data on comparative pharmacological characteristics of various salts of
      mercamine].

PMID- 13688808
TI  - [Von Recklinghausen's generalized parathyroid fibrous osteosis].

PMID- 13688809
TI  - [Von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis].

PMID- 13688810
TI  - [Influence of an irrelevant drive on rat behavior and heart rate].

PMID- 13688811
TI  - [Separation and histopathological analysis of 2 fractions of thyroid colloid in
      the guinea pig and rat].

PMID- 13688812
TI  - Extratrabecular crystallization in rickets; effects of vitamin D, calcium and
      norethandrolone.

PMID- 13688813
TI  - [alpha-Radiographic and histochemical observations on the effects of
      norethandrolone and calcio-norethandrolone on the bones of rachitic chicks].

PMID- 13688814
TI  - Protein synthesis in the chick labyrinth.

PMID- 13688815
TI  - [Mannitol and para-aminohippuric acid as kidney glomerular and tubular
      exploratory tests].

PMID- 13688816
TI  - [Gangroenous abscess of the lung caused by aspiration of sea water].

PMID- 13688817
TI  - Bloody tears: report of case.

PMID- 13688818
TI  - [Studies on the structure of aggregated forms of chlorophyill].

PMID- 13688819
TI  - [The significance of the injection of a vasopressor agent in the diagnosis of
      patent ductus arteriosus].

PMID- 13688820
TI  - [Bullous emphysema during the remission of an acute pneumopathy in a chronic
      tuberculous patient].

PMID- 13688821
TI  - [Considerations on the allergic mechanisms of pneumology].

PMID- 13688822
TI  - [Demonstration of hepatic and perihepatic disorders by a pneumoperitoneum].

PMID- 13688823
TI  - [Severe asthma treated by sleep therapy].

PMID- 13688824
TI  - [Hernias and industrial accidents].

PMID- 13688825
TI  - Simultaneous determinations of total body water, extracellular fluid volume,
      total exchangeable sodium and total exchangeable potassium in man; a simplified
      technique and some clinical results.

PMID- 13688826
TI  - The mathematical analysis of Cr deposition in organs following the injection of
      Cr-labelled red cells.

PMID- 13688827
TI  - Radioactive tracer studies of red cell destruction in rats bearing a
      transplantable tumour.

PMID- 13688828
TI  - The assay of tritium in biological material by wet oxidation with perchloric acid
      followed by liquid scintillation counting.

PMID- 13688829
TI  - Primary endometrial aplasia. Congenitial absence of the endometrium without
      associated endocrine dysfunction or uterine hypoplasia.

PMID- 13688830
TI  - [Technical detail on the subject of endoarterectomy].

PMID- 13688831
TI  - [Atrophy of the cerebellum with oculocutaneous and bronchial telangiectasis as a
      familial syndrome].

PMID- 13688832
TI  - Leonhart FUCHS (1501-1566).

PMID- 13688833
TI  - Respiratory rate, tidal volume and ventilation of newborn infants in the prone
      and supine positions.

PMID- 13688834
TI  - [Neurological syndromes in the clinical picture of angioma of the cerebral
      hemispheres].

PMID- 13688835
TI  - Diagnosis of undescended testes.

PMID- 13688836
TI  - Radiophosphorus uptake by bladder tumors: a preliminary report.

PMID- 13688837
TI  - TILLEY JC: Pityriasis rosea. A histologic and serologic study.

PMID- 13688838
TI  - Seminars for public health administrators.

PMID- 13688839
TI  - Typhoid fever.

PMID- 13688840
TI  - The local treatment of rosacea.

PMID- 13688841
TI  - Repair of acromioclavicular separations by deltoid-trapezius imbrication.

PMID- 13688842
TI  - [The probability values for haptoglobin signs according to Essen-Moeller, with
      additional indications of frequency].

PMID- 13688843
TI  - [On a simplified procedure for the qualitative determination of haptoglobin in
      human and animal sera].

PMID- 13688844
TI  - The effect of temperature on the production by coagulase-positive staphylococci
      of staphylokinase and other extracellular substances.

PMID- 13688845
TI  - Ultrastructural study of remyelination in an experimental lesion in adult cat
      spinal cord.
AB  - This report presents ultrastructural observations on the cytological events that
      attend myelin formation occurring in the wake of demyelination in adult cat
      spinal cord. Lesions were induced in subpial cord by cerebrospinal fluid (c.s.f.)
      exchange (1, 2). Tissue from eleven cats at nine intervals from 19 to 460 days
      was fixed in situ by replacing c.s.f. with buffered OsO(4) and embedded in
      Araldite. After demyelination, axons are embraced by sheet-like glial processes.
      An occasional myelin sheath is first seen at 19 days; by 64 days, all axons are
      at least thinly myelinated. The cytoplasm of the myelin-forming cells, unlike
      that of either oligodendrocyte or fibrous astrocyte in normal cord, is dense with
      closely packed organelles and fine fibrils. Many of the myelinogenic cells become
      scarring astrocytes and at 460 days the lesion teems with their fibril-filled
      processes. Oligodendrocytes appear in the lesion after remyelination is under
      way. Phagocytes disappear gradually. A myelin sheath is formed by spiral wrapping
      of a sheet-like glial process around an axon. Where the first turn of the spiral
      is completed, a mesaxon is formed. As cytoplasm is lost from the process, the
      plasma membrane comes together along its outer and cytoplasmic surfaces to form
      compact myelin. Only a small amount of cytoplasm is retained; it is confined to
      the paramesaxonal region and, on the sheath exterior, to a longitudinal ridge
      which appears in profile as a small loop. This outer loop has the same rotational
      orientation as the inner mesaxon. These vestiges of spiral membrane wrapping are
      also found in normal adult and new-born cat cord. Nodes are present in all stages
      of remyelination and in normal adult cat and kitten cord. These observations
      suggest that myelin is reformed in the lesion in the same way it is first formed
      during normal development. The mechanism of myelin formation is basically similar
      to that proposed for peripheral nerve and amphibian and mammalian optic nerve; it
      does not agree with present views on the mechanism of myelinogenesis in mammalian
      brain and cord. This is the first demonstration of remyelination in adult
      mammalian central nervous tissue.

PMID- 13688846
TI  - Intratubular bodies of the human testis.

PMID- 13688847
TI  - Intratubular bodies of the human testis.

PMID- 13688848
TI  - [On the problem of the resection of the anal sphincter in surgery of chronic and
      acute papaproctitis, (According to Russian and foreign authors)].

PMID- 13688849
TI  - [On the problem of tuberculous paraproctitis].

PMID- 13688850
TI  - A broader spectrum of Sjogren's syndrome and its pathogenetic implications.

PMID- 13688851
TI  - The use of steroids in arthritis and related diseases.

PMID- 13688852
TI  - [A method for the increase of hypotensive activity of pilocarpine].

PMID- 13688853
TI  - [Certain complications after smallpox vaccination].

PMID- 13688854
TI  - [Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis at an early age].

PMID- 13688855
TI  - [Familial lateral amyotrophic scleross].

PMID- 13688857
TI  - Recent research on the yeasts.

PMID- 13688856
TI  - [Local heparin treatment of hemorrhoidal disorders].

PMID- 13688858
TI  - A new automatic carbon dioxide analyzer: its performance in presence of
      anesthetic gases and vapors.

PMID- 13688859
TI  - Foreign body complications.

PMID- 13688861
TI  - Problems in determining concentrations of newer penicillins in human serum.

PMID- 13688860
TI  - Cervical ganglioneuroma. A case report and review of the literature.

PMID- 13688862
TI  - Some notes about a new synthetic penicillin for staphylococcal disease.

PMID- 13688863
TI  - Left-heart volumes in coarctation of the aorta.

PMID- 13688864
TI  - Hospital assignments for dentists.

PMID- 13688865
TI  - Charles Lester HARTSOCK, M.D.

PMID- 13688866
TI  - Ubiquinone and tocopherol in birds.

PMID- 13688867
TI  - Pyridine nucleotide-to copheronolactone reductase.

PMID- 13688868
TI  - Some antioxidant properties of L-thyroxine in biological systems.

PMID- 13688869
TI  - Studies on vitamin E. 5. Lipid peroxidation in dialuric acid-induced haemolysis
      of vitamin E-deficient erythrocytes.

PMID- 13688871
TI  - [Pharmacy in the historical development and evolution of scientific knowledge].

PMID- 13688870
TI  - Biological potencies of epsilon- and zeta-1-tocopherol and 5-methyltocol.

PMID- 13688872
TI  - [Urinary tuberculosis in persons over 60].

PMID- 13688873
TI  - Tuberculin and bacillary allergy in subjects vaccinated with concentrated
      petragnani integral anatuberculin (C.P.I.A.) by multiple skin injections.

PMID- 13688874
TI  - [Concerning a practical system for the disposal of sewage from butcher shops and
      slaughter houses].

PMID- 13688875
TI  - [Malignant renal tumors in childhood].

PMID- 13688876
TI  - [The effect of synthetic gestagens on the development of the fertilized ovum].

PMID- 13688877
TI  - Adenine nucleotide, catecholamie and protein contents of whole adrenal glands and
      heavy granules of reserpine-treated fowl.

PMID- 13688878
TI  - Effect of temperature on the localized Shwartzman phenomenon.

PMID- 13688879
TI  - The effect of reserpine on the catecholamine and adenine nucleotide contents of
      adrenal gland.

PMID- 13688880
TI  - [A contribution to the problem of calcifications of articular cartilage].

PMID- 13688881
TI  - [The problem of co-existing hiatus hernia and cancer of the gastroesophageal
      junction].

PMID- 13688882
TI  - [Pendular telecobaltotherapy: method of rapid computation of the deep
      distribution of radiatons].

PMID- 13688884
TI  - [Experience in operations on the open heart in conditions of hypothermia in
      surgery of congenital heart defects].

PMID- 13688883
TI  - [Operations on the "dry" heart during hypothermia in patients with congenital
      heart defects].

PMID- 13688885
TI  - [On multiple astrocytomas of the brain].

PMID- 13688886
TI  - Experiments on blister formation. III. Chemical induction of subepidermal
      blisters.

PMID- 13688887
TI  - Nonobstructive atelectasis: its occurrence with pneumonitis.

PMID- 13688888
TI  - Evaluation of radioiodinated hipuran for the estimation of renal plasma flow.

PMID- 13688890
TI  - [Elastotectonics of the diaphragm].

PMID- 13688889
TI  - Bacteriologic examination of a continuous pipetting system for administration of
      intravenous anesthetic solutions.

PMID- 13688891
TI  - [Nephro-urological indications of the anesthetic block].

PMID- 13688892
TI  - [Operative indications of the preternatural anus].

PMID- 13688893
TI  - [Preliminary note on a method for the determination of the dielectric
      conductivity of the extremities].

PMID- 13688894
TI  - Serological types of enterotoxic staphylococci isolated in fod poisoning

PMID- 13688895
TI  - Case report: 'voiding' per urethram after total cystectomy and formation of ileal
      loop for carcinoma of bladder.

PMID- 13688896
TI  - The status of purchasing.

PMID- 13688897
TI  - A new method of controlling paradoxical respiration in single stage
      thoracoplasty.

PMID- 13688898
TI  - A new diapragmatic stethoscope.

PMID- 13688899
TI  - Reflex vasodilatation in treatment of peripheral vascular diseases.

PMID- 13688900
TI  - Erythrocytosis and ischemic myocardial disease.

PMID- 13688901
TI  - Vectorcardiographic deflections obtained with various reference systems in
      cadavers.

PMID- 13688902
TI  - A study at autopsy of the relation of absence of the Q wave in leads I, aVL, V5,
      and V6 to septal fibrosis.

PMID- 13688903
TI  - Effect of bladder distension on the venous system of man.

PMID- 13688904
TI  - Influence of temperature and oxygen concentrations in oxygen tents. Cardiac work
      in patients with and without congestive heart failure.

PMID- 13688905
TI  - Electrocardiographic and vectorcardiographic detection of heart disease in the
      presence of the pre-excitation syndrome (Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome).

PMID- 13688906
TI  - The effect of norepinephrine on the digital veins.

PMID- 13688907
TI  - The electrocardiogram, vectorcardiogram and ventricular gradient in combined
      pulmonary stenosis and interatrial communication.

PMID- 13688908
TI  - A study of the response of the cardiovascular system to Asian influenza.

PMID- 13688909
TI  - Cardiac insufficiency in chronic alcoholism.

PMID- 13688910
TI  - Development in clinical electrocardiography since Einthoven.

PMID- 13688911
TI  - Development in clinical electrocardiography since Einthoven.

PMID- 13688912
TI  - Methods for detecting and evaluating ascorbic acid deficiency in man and animals.

PMID- 13688913
TI  - Chromosome numbers of schistosome vector snails.

PMID- 13688914
TI  - Urethrovaginal fixation to Cooper's ligament for correction of stress
      incontinence, cystocele, and prolapse.

PMID- 13688915
TI  - Intraoral one-stage ostectomy for correction of mandibular prognathism: report of
      case.

PMID- 13688916
TI  - Differential diagnosis and surgery of the submaxillary gland.

PMID- 13688917
TI  - Removal of sialoliths from the hilus and adjacent duct of the submaxillary gland
      via the oral approach.

PMID- 13688918
TI  - Sublingual cyst: an unusual report of case.

PMID- 13688919
TI  - Caring for the infant with thrush.

PMID- 13688920
TI  - [The effect of adrenal cortex hormones on the potassium and sodium content of the
      isolated myocardium].

PMID- 13688921
TI  - [Efficacy of hypertensin 2 in a case of severe cardiogenic shock resistant to
      therapy with noradrenalin].

PMID- 13688922
TI  - Hidden hazards of cardiac pacemakers.

PMID- 13688923
TI  - Mitral incompetence.

PMID- 13688924
TI  - Symposium on indocyanine green and its clinical applications. Introduction.

PMID- 13688925
TI  - Unusual causes of heart failure.

PMID- 13688926
TI  - Symposium on the experimental pharmacology and clinical use of antimetabolites.
      IX. The pyrimidine and purine antagonists.

PMID- 13688927
TI  - The effect of actinomycins and their derivatives on a spectrum of transplanted
      mouse leukemia.

PMID- 13688928
TI  - [A quick ashing method for the flame photometric determination of tissue sodium
      and potassium].

PMID- 13688929
TI  - [The osmotic behavior of normal, of inflamed, and of 1,2-diphenyl-4-butyl-3,5
      pyrazolidinedione-treated rat liver slices].

PMID- 13688930
TI  - [Bone demineralization caused either by electrodialysis or by the ethylenediamine
      tetraacetate (EDTA) method and its importance in bone biology and pathology].

PMID- 13688931
TI  - [Results obtained by the study of curves of demineralization established for 62
      pathological human specimens].

PMID- 13688932
TI  - [Studies on the permeability of the skin for salicylic acid].

PMID- 13688933
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of syphilis].

PMID- 13688934
TI  - [Occupational dermatoses].

PMID- 13688935
TI  - [The treatment of dermatomycoses].

PMID- 13688936
TI  - Corneal destruction by extracts of Cephalosporium mycelium.

PMID- 13688937
TI  - [On the sterilization of novocain solutions used for injections in surgery].

PMID- 13688938
TI  - Response of cartilage sodium to changes in extracellular fluid.

PMID- 13688939
TI  - [Some data on fetal abnormalities and their combinations].

PMID- 13688940
TI  - [Skeletotopia of the segments of the spinal cord in infants].

PMID- 13688941
TI  - The toxicology of nitrates and nitrites with particular reference to the
      potability of water supplies.

PMID- 13688942
TI  - The reversal by nalorphine of the inhibitory effect of morphine on the secretion
      of adrenocorticotropic hormone in stress.

PMID- 13688944
TI  - The clinical management of intestinal obstruction.

PMID- 13688943
TI  - Alteration of the growth of mammalian cells in vitro by ecdysone extract.

PMID- 13688945
TI  - Alteration of mutation frequency by treatment with actinomycin D.
AB  - The frequency of lethal mutations occurring in Drosophila melanogaster was
      reduced by approximately one-half when irradiated males were treated with
      actinomycin D, which also inhibited the appearance of melanotic atypical growths
      in the strain used for the study.

PMID- 13688946
TI  - The value of registries in tumor and genetics programs.

PMID- 13688947
TI  - Experiences with a program to achieve palliation of incurable carcinoma of the
      breast.

PMID- 13688948
TI  - [On the problem of the dependence of the formation of higher nervous activity in
      dogs on the conditions of their training in ontogenesis].

PMID- 13688950
TI  - Display by spectrum.

PMID- 13688949
TI  - [On the role of the type of nervous system in reactions of the organism to
      damaging factors].

PMID- 13688951
TI  - [Medicine in Great Britain].

PMID- 13688952
TI  - Fibrinolysis and anaphylaxis. I. Activation of blood fibrinolysin during
      anaphylactic shock in guinea pigs.

PMID- 13688953
TI  - The effect of estrus on the response of the excised mouse uterus to serotonin,
      acetylcholine, and specific antigen. Schultz-Dale tests with the physiograph.

PMID- 13688954
TI  - On the differentiation of anthrax bacilli from Bacillus cereus.

PMID- 13688955
TI  - Studies on the biosynthesis of ribonucleic acid in extracts of mammalian cells.

PMID- 13688956
TI  - The incorporation of uridine 5'-triphosphate into ribonucleic acid by enzyme
      fractions from Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells.

PMID- 13688957
TI  - [The development of antibodies in white rats immunized against influenza, under
      the influence of radiations emitted by I-131 and P-32].

PMID- 13688958
TI  - [Cardiac resuscitation. What is a defibrillator? What is a pacemaker?].

PMID- 13688959
TI  - [The Centre de Diagnostic Moderne].

PMID- 13688960
TI  - Arthrodesis of the hip

PMID- 13688961
TI  - [Results obtained by peri-arterial infiltrations in sympathetic syndromes
      following a minor injury].

PMID- 13688962
TI  - [Lipoid necrobiosis of hypodermic sarcoid type].

PMID- 13688963
TI  - [Some reflections on the prognosis and treatment of disseminated lupus
      erythematosus].

PMID- 13688964
TI  - [Results obtained by nivaquine in radiolucitis of peculiar appearance].

PMID- 13688965
TI  - [Apropos of a frambesic chancre].

PMID- 13688966
TI  - [Acropathia ulceromutilans; attempted new surgical treatment].

PMID- 13688967
TI  - [Nodular eruption with vasculitis during a disease accompanied by fever and
      arthralgias: rickettsiosis?].

PMID- 13688968
TI  - [Apropos of 2 cases of necrotic eruptions in the course of dermatomyositis].

PMID- 13688969
TI  - [Cutaneous tuberculids with mutilating osteoarticular lesions of the
      extremities].

PMID- 13688970
TI  - [Management of certain keratoacanthomas].

PMID- 13688972
TI  - The use of Leao's spreading depression in the study of interhemispheric transfer
      of memory traces.

PMID- 13688971
TI  - [Herpes gestationis].

PMID- 13688973
TI  - [Basic problems of public health (according to concepts of Moscow and Kodan
      symposia)].

PMID- 13688974
TI  - [Differences in the health condition of the population, a basic problem of social
      hygiene].

PMID- 13688975
TI  - [PURKYNE today].

PMID- 13688976
TI  - Embolectomy and retrograde flush: consideration of the reasons for an aggressive
      attack on acute thrombo-embolism.

PMID- 13688977
TI  - [The role of the administrator at the start of building activities].

PMID- 13688978
TI  - Toxoplasmosis case-finding.

PMID- 13688979
TI  - Modification of the effects of biogenic amines on the heart by iproniazid.

PMID- 13688980
TI  - Factors influencing the diuretic response to ingested water.

PMID- 13688981
TI  - [On the problem of coarctation of the aorta in children].

PMID- 13688982
TI  - Colorado tick fever. I. Further ecological studies in Western Montana.

PMID- 13688983
TI  - Identification of Rickettsia rickettsii in the wood tick, Dermacentor andersoni,
      by means of fluorescent antibody.

PMID- 13688984
TI  - Isolation of California encephalitis virus from the blood of a snowshoe hare
      (Lepus americanus) in western Montana.

PMID- 13688985
TI  - Colorado tick fever. II. The behavior of Colorado tick fever virus in rodents.

PMID- 13688986
TI  - Evaluation of the fluorescent antibody technique for the detection of Rocky
      Mountain spotted fever rickettsiae in various tissues.

PMID- 13688987
TI  - Pheochromocytoma in a child.

PMID- 13688988
TI  - The ten-year results of vagotomy in chronic duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 13688989
TI  - A new technique in the surgery of massive gastroduodenal bleeding.

PMID- 13688990
TI  - The surgery of peptic ulceration.

PMID- 13688991
TI  - The measurement of mass, thickness, and density in the electron microscope.
AB  - A description is given of quantitative methods using the electron microscope
      which can be applied to specimens with much smaller dimensions than those which
      can be used with the established cytochemical methods based on the use of the
      interference microscope and the techniques of ultraviolet and x-ray absorption. A
      discussion of electron scattering shows that under chosen operating conditions in
      the electron microscope the effective total mass-scattering coefficient S of a
      specimen is almost independent of its chemical composition. An order-of-magnitude
      agreement is observed at four accelerating voltages between experimental total
      scattering cross-sections for polystyrene and theoretical values for carbon. The
      contrast in a micrograph taken under standardised conditions is interpreted in
      terms of differences in specimen mass-thickness. The measurement of mass,
      thickness, and density of discrete particles and thin sections in the absence of
      sublimation is discussed in terms of relevant object models on the assumption of
      a constant, experimentally determined, value of S. The validity of the proposed
      methods was examined by measuring the masses of the heads of ram spermatozoa
      (about 7 x 10(-12) gm.) and T2 bacteriophage (about 3 x 10(-16) gm.) in the
      electron microscope. The values agreed reasonably well with those found by
      interference microscopy and sedimentation-diffusion measurements, respectively.
      Errors in S and magnification due to contamination and their effects on the
      results are considered in detail. An application of the methods to a typical
      electron microscope specimen was demonstrated by measuring the mass of heads of
      the T2 bacteriophage after staining with uranyl acetate. Errors of measurement
      are discussed and a minimal measurable mass estimated. Further applications of
      quantitative electron microscopy are proposed.

PMID- 13688992
TI  - [Recruitment].

PMID- 13688993
TI  - [Criteria for an early detection of rheumatic carditis in childhood].

PMID- 13688994
TI  - [The treatment of extensive burns].

PMID- 13688995
TI  - 3-Phenylcyclobutylamine.

PMID- 13688996
TI  - [On "bizarre" positioning in the MAPS test].

PMID- 13688997
TI  - [Influence of tranquilizing agents on the effect of alcohol].

PMID- 13688998
TI  - Occupational health in the Netherlands.

PMID- 13688999
TI  - [A patient with decompensation of the heart and arthritic disorders].

PMID- 13689000
TI  - [On the pathogenesis of gastritis, duodenal and gastric ulcer].

PMID- 13689001
TI  - [On the therapy of gastritis, ulcus duodeni and ventriculi].

PMID- 13689002
TI  - Heartvector and leads.

PMID- 13689003
TI  - Heartvector and leads.

PMID- 13689004
TI  - Specific electric resistance of body tissues.

PMID- 13689005
TI  - [Placenta praevia accreta. Apropos of cases].

PMID- 13689006
TI  - [Premature rupture of the membranes. Neonatal complications. Therapeutic
      management].

PMID- 13689007
TI  - [On conservative operations in extrauterine pregnancy].

PMID- 13689008
TI  - [Experience of a dermatologist with epoxy resins in an automobile factory].

PMID- 13689009
TI  - Some observations on the form and location of invertase in the yeast cell.

PMID- 13689010
TI  - [Bilateral extrauterine pregnancy of different ages].

PMID- 13689011
TI  - [Apropos of prolonged pregnancy].

PMID- 13689012
TI  - [The therapy of bronchial asthma with triamcinolone. (A clinical experience
      report of 119 cases)].

PMID- 13689013
TI  - [New data on the role of thermostable soluble toxin produced by Bacillus
      thuringiensis Berliner].

PMID- 13689014
TI  - Occurrence of three electrophoretic components with melanocyte-stimulating
      activity in extracts of single pituitary glands from ungulates.

PMID- 13689015
TI  - Leiomyosarcoma of the stomach. An unusual cause of anemia in children.

PMID- 13689016
TI  - Ophthalmological drawings for medical publications.

PMID- 13689017
TI  - The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals.

PMID- 13689018
TI  - The Medical Research Council's Rural Child Welfare Clinic.

PMID- 13689019
TI  - The effect of a single dose of primaquine on the gametocytes, gametogony and
      sporogony of Laverania falciparum.
AB  - A number of studies have been carried out on the effect of several of the 8
      aminoquinolines on gametogony and sporogony of Laverania falciparum, but only
      very limited work has so far been done on the effect of single doses of
      primaquine. The authors have sought to repair this omission with a study of 12
      subjects showing gametocytes of L. falciparum who were treated with a single dose
      of 15 mg, 30 mg or 45 mg of primaquine base, according to age. Batches of
      Anopheles gambiae were fed on these gametocyte carriers before and up to 7 days
      after treatment.It was found that a single dose of primaquine clears the blood of
      crescents in 4-8 days. In 5 out of 8 cases no gland infections were seen in A.
      gambiae fed on the first day after treatment; in 3 cases, however, sporozoites
      were found. After the first day following treatment no sporozoite infection of A.
      gambiae occurred in the 3 cases in which gland dissections were made. Feeding
      oocyst-infected A. gambiae on a subject having received primaquine 3 and 4 hours
      before the feed had no effect on the development of the parasite.Following
      treatment, gametogony was apparently normal but ookinetes did not penetrate the
      gut wall, showed staining differences after 24 hours, and appeared to be dead
      after 48 hours.

PMID- 13689020
TI  - Comparative susceptibility of Anopheles gambiae Theo. and Anopheles melas Giles
      to infection by Plasmodium falciparum in Liberia, West Africa.

PMID- 13689021
TI  - [Ethioniamide in the treatment of infantile tuberculosis].

PMID- 13689022
TI  - [Pregnancies after ring biopsies, conizations and amputation of the cervix].

PMID- 13689023
TI  - [Urinary incontinence of effort in women. (General considerations based on a
      statistical study)].

PMID- 13689024
TI  - [Contribution to the physiology of the urinary bladder and of micturition.
      Production of artificial miction in "cord bladders" by remotely induced
      electrical excitation].

PMID- 13689025
TI  - Morphological and functional aspects of circulatory disturbances in shock kidney.

PMID- 13689026
TI  - [Results of commissurotomy on 348 mitral stenosis patients].

PMID- 13689027
TI  - [Microangiographic aspects of the shock kidney in man].

PMID- 13689028
TI  - A relative molecular weight series derived from the nucleic acid of bacteriophage
      T2.

PMID- 13689029
TI  - Effects of listener sophistication upon global ratings of speech behavior.

PMID- 13689030
TI  - Preparation and properties of Zn-alpha 2-glycoprotein of normal human plasma.

PMID- 13689031
TI  - [Considerations on some hypoprothrombinemia-pseudohypoprothrombinemia conditions
      in early childhood].

PMID- 13689032
TI  - [Contribution to the study of "nodular purpura in infants"].

PMID- 13689033
TI  - [Auxological studies of children who have suffered from kwashiorkor in our
      country].

PMID- 13689034
TI  - [Is Saccharomycopsis guttulatus really pathogenic for the rabbit?].

PMID- 13689035
TI  - [Trichocephalus as cause of chronic diarrhea in children. Treatment of it with
      hexylresorcinol enemas].

PMID- 13689036
TI  - [Bronchographies obtained with serialograph].

PMID- 13689037
TI  - [Electrocardiographic findings in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13689038
TI  - [Spirometry in medicolegal information on sillicosis].

PMID- 13689040
TI  - [Resuscitation of the newborn].

PMID- 13689039
TI  - [Resuscitation of the newborn].

PMID- 13689041
TI  - The pathology of diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 13689042
TI  - [The development of plastic surgery in Czechoslovakia since the liberation].

PMID- 13689043
TI  - Median clefts of the nose.

PMID- 13689044
TI  - Problems of hermaphrodism and pseudohermaphrodism.

PMID- 13689045
TI  - Surgery in sterility caused by hypospadias.

PMID- 13689046
TI  - The development of plastic surgery in Czechoslovakia since the country's
      liberation by the Soviet Army.

PMID- 13689047
TI  - [Professor SPACEK].

PMID- 13689048
TI  - [Primary cancer of the stomach after resection for gastroduodenal ulcer].

PMID- 13689049
TI  - [Technic, indications and experiences in partial elimination of the hypophysis].

PMID- 13689050
TI  - New methods in nasal therapy. Studies based on animal experimentation.

PMID- 13689051
TI  - [Clinical experiences with the adaptation treatment of various rhinologic
      diseases].

PMID- 13689052
TI  - [Histological changes in the nasal mucosa after formalin adaptation and increased
      crossed resistance].

PMID- 13689053
TI  - [The treatment of fresh esophageal erosions and old erosion stenoses with
      hormones].

PMID- 13689054
TI  - The spread of polioviruses in the population vaccinated with live attenuated
      polioviruses in comparison with the nonvaccinated population.

PMID- 13689055
TI  - [Polarographic analysis of protein solutions exposed to the effect of low
      intensity ionizing radiations].

PMID- 13689056
TI  - [A case of Hodgkin's disease of the lungs complicated by bone lesions diagnosed
      by the presence of Sternbeg's giant cells in sputum].

PMID- 13689057
TI  - [Use of electrophoresis in the examination of gastric juice].

PMID- 13689058
TI  - [Local application of hydrocortisone in the treatment of ulcerative colitis].

PMID- 13689059
TI  - On the use of carbonic anhydrase in carbonate and amine buffers for CO2 exchange
      in manometric vessels, atomic submarines, and industrial CO2 scrubbers.

PMID- 13689060
TI  - [Surgical treatment of duodenal ulcer].

PMID- 13689061
TI  - [The significance of the vagus nerve in coughing and sneezing].

PMID- 13689062
TI  - [On the mechanism of the sneezing reflex].

PMID- 13689063
TI  - Occurrence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in children with agammaglobulinemia.

PMID- 13689064
TI  - A longitudinal study of the animal protein intake of children from one to
      eighteen years of age.

PMID- 13689066
TI  - The practice of pediatrics: mixed group practice.

PMID- 13689065
TI  - The purification of interferon.

PMID- 13689067
TI  - A practical approach to the common cold: a preliminary report.

PMID- 13689068
TI  - Hyperventilation syndrome presenting as a reaction to tetanus antitoxin.

PMID- 13689069
TI  - On oxygen poisoning under water.

PMID- 13689070
TI  - Nephritis associated with anaphylactoid purpura in childhood: clinical
      observations and prognosis.

PMID- 13689071
TI  - "Puberal" hypothyroidism: case report and review of the literature.

PMID- 13689072
TI  - Fibrinolytic therapy in thromboembolic disease.

PMID- 13689073
TI  - An anomaly in the position of the gallbladder.

PMID- 13689074
TI  - [Remarks on "para-osteo-arthropie des para-plegiques"].

PMID- 13689075
TI  - Staphylococcal epidemiology on a surgical ward. Fluctuations in ward
      staphylococcal content, its effect on hospitalized patients and the extent of
      endemic hospital strains.

PMID- 13689076
TI  - Emergency coronary endarterectomy; case report.

PMID- 13689077
TI  - Analysis of the toxin produced by Gonyaulax catenella in axenic culture.

PMID- 13689078
TI  - A case of acquired unilateral mandibular condylar hypoplasia.

PMID- 13689079
TI  - Tinea versicolor: susceptibility factors and experimental infection in human
      beings.

PMID- 13689080
TI  - Disuse of a central synapse and spontaneous activity in the optic neve.

PMID- 13689081
TI  - Urea synthesis in the isolated perfused rat liver.

PMID- 13689082
TI  - The value of isotope scanning in the problem of the solitary thyroid adenoma.

PMID- 13689083
TI  - [Urological complications after Wertheim's radical operation and their
      treatment].

PMID- 13689084
TI  - Effect of reserpine, serotonin, and 5-hydroxytryptophan on rabbit platelet
      histamine in vivo and in vitro.

PMID- 13689086
TI  - Proposed policy for disaster medicine and its local application.

PMID- 13689085
TI  - The interactions of the methyl reds and bovine serum albumin.

PMID- 13689087
TI  - [Extracorporeal dialysis. Its place with relation to other procedures of uremia
      treatment].

PMID- 13689088
TI  - [The dependence of the diagnosis and therapy of carcinoma on its dissemination].

PMID- 13689089
TI  - [The place of congenital interarticular spondylolysis (Neugebauer) in expert
      opinions on accidents].

PMID- 13689090
TI  - gamma-Peptides of glutamic acid and some of their properties.

PMID- 13689091
TI  - ["The imminent breakthrough in the theory of inflammation"].

PMID- 13689092
TI  - [Humeral shaft prostheses of Placryl and Igamid-B as bone substitutes in
      experimental animals].

PMID- 13689093
TI  - Experience with major arterial visualization employing right heart or superior
      vena cava injection.

PMID- 13689094
TI  - A mobile gas shadow. Meckel's diverticulum.

PMID- 13689095
TI  - Sectioning at room temperature of unfixed tissues, frozen in a gelatin matrix,
      for immunohistologic procedures.

PMID- 13689096
TI  - A boot and caliper bank.

PMID- 13689097
TI  - A simple crutch.

PMID- 13689098
TI  - Transposition of the scrotum and penis.

PMID- 13689099
TI  - Perforated peptic ulcer in late pregnancy.

PMID- 13689101
TI  - [The place of histology in research and theory].

PMID- 13689100
TI  - [Growing ovarian follicles with several oozytes].

PMID- 13689102
TI  - [Arthur HUEBNER].

PMID- 13689103
TI  - Antagonism of apomorphine by chlorinated phenothiazines.

PMID- 13689104
TI  - Relative potencies of some phenothiazines as pecking syndrome inhibitors.

PMID- 13689105
TI  - Skull changes in iron deficiency anemia simulating congenital hemolytic anemia.

PMID- 13689106
TI  - Computation, behavior, and structure in fixed and growing automata.

PMID- 13689107
TI  - Indications for the use of tranquilizer drugs in emotional disturbances of
      childhood.

PMID- 13689108
TI  - [Tuberculoma from the viewpoint of the segmentary structure of the lungs].

PMID- 13689109
TI  - [Studies on electric conductivity and autolysis of the liver tissue in irradiated
      animals].

PMID- 13689110
TI  - [Problem of the lag between the impedant effect and action potential of the nerve
      trunk in frogs].

PMID- 13689111
TI  - [Condition of the cardiovascular system in patients with glaucoma].

PMID- 13689112
TI  - Isolation and composition of avian egg yolk granules and their constituent alpha-
      and beta-lipovitellins.

PMID- 13689113
TI  - An experimental examination of theories relating the absorption of gamma-ray
      energy in a medium to the ionization produced in a cavity.

PMID- 13689114
TI  - [Ascorbic acid in pathology. VII. Endocellular localization of the vitamin and
      mitochondrial structure. (Histochemical studv)].

PMID- 13689115
TI  - [Cytotopochemical study of the aldolase activity in hepatic tissue in normal
      conditions and in some pathological conditions].

PMID- 13689116
TI  - [The effect of postmortal autolysis on the histochemical reaction for aldolase].

PMID- 13689117
TI  - [On the problem of non-specific manifestations of the effect of vibrations on the
      organism].

PMID- 13689118
TI  - Further studies on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent enzymatic synthesis of
      ribonucleic acid.

PMID- 13689119
TI  - Serum proteins and blood alpha amino nitrogen in cerebral palsy.
AB  - The mean serum proteins of 30 children over the age of 3 suffering from cerebral
      palsy was 7.20 with a standard deviation of 0.49 g. per 100 ml. No difference was
      found between children with the spastic and athetoid types of cerebral palsy. The
      electrophoretic pattern of the serum proteins did not differ in the two types,
      but the alpha 2 globulin diminished significantly with increasing age. There was
      no difference that could be considered "clinically significant" between the total
      serum proteins or their electrophoretic pattern in children with cerebral palsy
      and in four published series of normal children. The plasma and whole blood alpha
      amino nitrogen showed no significant difference between the two types of cerebral
      palsy.

PMID- 13689120
TI  - Familial patent ductus arteriosus.

PMID- 13689121
TI  - Red cell cholinesterase in infancy and childhood.

PMID- 13689122
TI  - Rheumatoid destruction of the pisiform bone. Pisiformectomy.

PMID- 13689123
TI  - Bronchoscopy and bacteriemia.

PMID- 13689124
TI  - [Circulatory observations in the treatment of coronary insufficiency].

PMID- 13689125
TI  - [Late results following operation for oxycephaly with special consideration of
      possible bone regeneration after craniotomy].

PMID- 13689126
TI  - [On "symptomatic" trigeminal neuralgia in intracranial tumors].

PMID- 13689127
TI  - [Some peculiarities in massive intracranial hemorrhage].

PMID- 13689128
TI  - [Trigeminal neuralgia. Observations and experiences based on 730 surgically
      treated patients].

PMID- 13689129
TI  - [Giant hemangioma-throm-bopenia syndrome].

PMID- 13689130
TI  - [On the effects of Dianabol on the growth and on the body composition of normal
      infants].

PMID- 13689131
TI  - [On the evaluation of the status of the newborn infant].

PMID- 13689132
TI  - [On the collateral circulation in the system of the lower vena cava after its
      ligation].

PMID- 13689133
TI  - Occurrence of visceral lymphomatosis in chickens inoculated with Rous sarcoma
      virus.

PMID- 13689134
TI  - [2 cases of unilateral aplasia of the internal carotid artery in simulataneous
      aneurysm formation in the anterior area of the circle of Willis. (On the problem
      of the combination of saccular aneurysms of the cerebral arteries with other
      abnormalities)].

PMID- 13689135
TI  - [Clinical aspects and diagnosis of isolated defects of the inter-auricular septum
      in children].

PMID- 13689136
TI  - [Cutaneous homoplasty in burned subjects].

PMID- 13689137
TI  - [Clinical results of skin homoplasty in burned patients].

PMID- 13689138
TI  - Uptake of labelled noradrenaline by isolated atria.
AB  - The uptake of labelled noradrenaline by isolated rabbit atria has been studied,
      and the rate of outflow of radioactivity after a period of loading has been
      recorded. There is first a rapid outflow presumably from extracellular space,
      followed by a slow outflow presumably from intracellular space. Cocaine greatly
      diminished the intracellular uptake. Tyramine caused an increased outflow of
      radioactivity from intracellular sites which was not due to the increase in
      atrial rate, since noradrenaline which increased the rate more than tyramine had
      less effect on the outflow.

PMID- 13689139
TI  - The effect of reserpine on gangrene produced by thiopental in the mouse tail.

PMID- 13689140
TI  - New observations on the sympathetic postganglionic mechanism.

PMID- 13689142
TI  - Action of nicotine on the heart.

PMID- 13689141
TI  - A new view of adrenergic nerve fibres, explaining the action of reserpine,
      bretylium, and guanethidine.

PMID- 13689143
TI  - The action of nicotine on the peripheral circulation.

PMID- 13689144
TI  - The cause of fibrillation.

PMID- 13689145
TI  - The effect of temperature on the response to drugs.

PMID- 13689146
TI  - Clinical and bacteriological evaluation of furaltadone (Altafur).

PMID- 13689147
TI  - Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis.

PMID- 13689148
TI  - [Syndromes of toxi-tuberculous impregnation marked early or late by an episode of
      overt tuberculosis].

PMID- 13689149
TI  - Radiographic heart size in apparently healthy newborn infants: clinical and
      biochemical correlations.

PMID- 13689150
TI  - The cardiac silhouette in newborn infants: a cinematographic study of the normal
      range.

PMID- 13689151
TI  - The weight of the heart of mature infants after asphyxia neonatorum.

PMID- 13689152
TI  - [On experimental intravenous and intraarterial administration of oxygen in
      animals].

PMID- 13689153
TI  - The relation between molecular size of ribonucleic acid and its chromatographic
      profile on calcium phosphate.

PMID- 13689154
TI  - Analysis of major histocompatibility factors in a stock of closely inbred White
      Leghorn fowls using a graft-versus-host reaction on the chorioallantoic membrane.

PMID- 13689155
TI  - The chorio-allantoic lesion in the Simonsen phenomenon.

PMID- 13689156
TI  - Assay of corticosteroids in the chick embryo.

PMID- 13689157
TI  - Auto-immune disease: some general principles.

PMID- 13689158
TI  - Immunological recognition of self.

PMID- 13689160
TI  - The new approach to immunology.

PMID- 13689159
TI  - Selection theories of immunity (synopsis of lecture on the new immunology).

PMID- 13689161
TI  - Graft versus host reactions on the chorioallantoic membrane of the chick embryo.

PMID- 13689162
TI  - The mechanism of immunity.

PMID- 13689163
TI  - The susceptibility to insecticides of disease-carrying mosquitos in Fiji.
AB  - The larvae and adults of five species of vector mosquitos in Fiji have been
      tested for susceptibility to chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides by standard
      techniques. Four species of Aedes, three of them endemic to the South Pacific,
      gave results not differing greatly from those found for members of the genus in
      other countries. Culex fatigans Weid was unusually susceptible as a larva but as
      an adult was normal.A strain of A. pseudoscutellaris Theo. resistant to DDT as a
      larva was readily obtained by selective pressure, the LC(50) being increased to
      some 2000 times that of a susceptible wild strain. There was no cross-resistance
      to BHC or dieldrin but adults of this strain showed a slightly increased
      tolerance to DDT. It is suggested that inheritance is monofactorial, that the
      gene is present at a low frequency in wild populations and is favoured by
      domestication or urban conditions. There are indications of physiological
      differences between resistant and susceptible individuals.

PMID- 13689164
TI  - Mass-administration of diethylcarbamazine citrate in preventing transmission of
      aperiodic human filariasis.

PMID- 13689165
TI  - Filariasis research in Fiji, 1957-1959. Part III. Experiments in control of adult
      mosquitoes.

PMID- 13689166
TI  - Tris(p-aminophenyl) carbonium salts in the treatment of schistosomiasis in
      Nyasaland.

PMID- 13689167
TI  - Supervision of football in the Boston high schools.

PMID- 13689168
TI  - Report on the use of cycloserine and isoniazid in twenty-seven cases of pulmonary
      tuberculosis in psychotic patients.

PMID- 13689169
TI  - The effect of oxygen under pressure on glycerol-induced tubular necrosis in the
      rat.

PMID- 13689171
TI  - Peritoneal lavage in the treatment of peritonitis.

PMID- 13689170
TI  - An assessment of the value of serum cholinesterase as a liver function test and
      in the diagnosis of jaundice.
AB  - This report assesses the value of cholinesterase (ChE) activity as an indicator
      of liver function and analyses its usefulness in the diagnosis of jaundice. A
      rapid method of determination has been used, and alterations in ChE activity in
      conditions other than liver disease have been studied to permit a fuller and more
      accurate survey of its value as a liver function test. The level of serum
      cholinesterase activity remains constant under normal circumstances, and follows
      the pattern of protein metabolism, falling in catabolism and rising in
      anabolism.In hepatocellular disease cholinesterase activity is lowered. Very low
      levels in cirrhosis with jaundice indicate a grave prognosis. Normal levels are
      usual in post-hepatic jaundice unless complicating factors are present, such as
      cholangitis or liver metastases. Serum cholinesterase is useful both as a liver
      function test and in the diagnosis of jaundice provided consideration is given to
      the other factors which affect the level of activity of the enzyme.

PMID- 13689172
TI  - Governmental responsibilities in environmental health.

PMID- 13689173
TI  - Influenza immunization.

PMID- 13689174
TI  - Influenza pandemic: preparedness plans of the Public Health Service.

PMID- 13689175
TI  - Medical leadership for community health services.

PMID- 13689176
TI  - Medicine in the U. S. Public Health Service.

PMID- 13689177
TI  - Old age as a national problem.

PMID- 13689179
TI  - Radiation and public health.

PMID- 13689178
TI  - Oral poliovirus vaccine.

PMID- 13689180
TI  - [The healthy environment].

PMID- 13689181
TI  - Studies on the metabolic function of the ferrichrome compounds.

PMID- 13689182
TI  - Identity definition and role demand in the hospital careers of schizophrenic
      patients.

PMID- 13689183
TI  - Porphyria, diabetes, and their relationship. A case report.

PMID- 13689184
TI  - Value of urologic study in the management of carcinoma of the cervix.

PMID- 13689185
TI  - A preliminary report on the measurement of Parkinson's disease.

PMID- 13689186
TI  - The effect of nitrous oxide upon sensory thresholds.

PMID- 13689187
TI  - Angina.

PMID- 13689188
TI  - The deaf-blind in the United States. Their care, education, and guidance.

PMID- 13689189
TI  - The present-day urologist: his education and obligations.

PMID- 13689190
TI  - Volvulus of the colon.

PMID- 13689191
TI  - Biochemical properties of virulent and avirulent staphylococci.

PMID- 13689192
TI  - A modified method for the determination of halothane and other halogen-containing
      anaesthetics.

PMID- 13689193
TI  - Acid maceration as an aid in making smears of Nicotiana microspores.

PMID- 13689194
TI  - Effect of tranquilizing compounds and steroids on survival time of goats
      following lethal massive open wounds.

PMID- 13689195
TI  - Intra-ocular foreign bodies.

PMID- 13689196
TI  - Use of emulsified fat for intraperitoneal alimentation.

PMID- 13689197
TI  - Effects of pressure suit inflation on reaction times of Project Mercury
      astronauts.

PMID- 13689198
TI  - Arithmetic fundamentals for the educable mentally retarded.

PMID- 13689199
TI  - Cerebral ischemia in surgery.

PMID- 13689200
TI  - Intravenous tolbutamide and cerebral hemodynamics and oxygen consumption.

PMID- 13689201
TI  - Behavioral differences between brain-injured and brain-deficit children grouped
      according to neuropathological types.

PMID- 13689202
TI  - Later stages of cortical differentiation in experimentally transformed testes of
      opossum embryos.

PMID- 13689203
TI  - Experimental carrageenin granuloma of the cornea; preliminary studies.

PMID- 13689204
TI  - Experimental intraocular malignant melanoma in the Syrian Golden hamster.

PMID- 13689205
TI  - Pseudomonas eye infection as a cause of death in premature infants.

PMID- 13689206
TI  - Chemotherapy and autologous marrow transplantation in palliation of malignant
      ocular tumors.

PMID- 13689207
TI  - Pseudomonas conjunctivitis and corneal ulcer: a potentially lethal infection in
      the premature infant.

PMID- 13689208
TI  - An investigation of new fluorine compounds in anaesthesia. (3) The anaesthetic
      properties of hexafluorobenzene.

PMID- 13689209
TI  - Noise as an environmental factor.

PMID- 13689211
TI  - Relative susceptibility of young mice and hamsters to Coxsackie B-3 virus.

PMID- 13689210
TI  - Similarity to a model and self-evaluation.

PMID- 13689212
TI  - Autonomic nerve-smooth muscle transmission.

PMID- 13689213
TI  - The transmission of excitation from autonomic nerve to smooth muscle.

PMID- 13689214
TI  - Conduction in smooth muscles: comparative electrical properties.

PMID- 13689215
TI  - [On the study of the carriage of dysenterial bacilli by children].

PMID- 13689216
TI  - Quality and safety in frozen foods.

PMID- 13689217
TI  - Transient myxedema.

PMID- 13689219
TI  - Recent advances in dermatology.

PMID- 13689218
TI  - [On the therapy of common diseases due to cold].

PMID- 13689220
TI  - The efficiency of ventilation with various methods of controlled ventilation; a
      study of total ventilation, alveolar ventilation, and efficiency of ventilation
      in anesthetized dogs.

PMID- 13689221
TI  - A new anthelmintic for canine hookworm.

PMID- 13689222
TI  - A new dihydrotriazine effective against Syphacia obvelata in mice.

PMID- 13689223
TI  - Eurytrema procyonis Denton, 1942 (Trematoda: Dicrocoeliidae), from the domes.

PMID- 13689224
TI  - Helminths of dogs and cats as potential sources of human infection.

PMID- 13689225
TI  - Prevalence of amebiasis in the United States and Canada.

PMID- 13689227
TI  - Biochemical properties of virulent and avirulent strains of bacteria: Salmonella
      typhosa and Pasteurella pestis.

PMID- 13689226
TI  - Eosinophilic granuloma of the lung.

PMID- 13689228
TI  - Traumatic duodenal injuries: an analysis of 86 cases.

PMID- 13689229
TI  - Congenital diaphrwgmatic hernia in two siblings.

PMID- 13689230
TI  - Metabolic and respiratory relationships in the closed respiratory system.

PMID- 13689231
TI  - [Characteristics of the restoration of hemopoiesis in chick embroys after
      external gamma-irradiation].

PMID- 13689232
TI  - [Grigorii Ivanovich ROSSOLIMO (On his 100th birthday)].

PMID- 13689233
TI  - The tetracyclines.

PMID- 13689234
TI  - Some verbal aspects of primary process thought in schizophrenia.

PMID- 13689235
TI  - [Hormones and arteriosclerosis].

PMID- 13689236
TI  - [Turbidimetric determination of blood lipoproteins at a low density after
      selective flocculation with phosphotungstic acid at a neutral pH in the presence
      of a high salt concentration].

PMID- 13689237
TI  - [Turbidimetric determination of gamma globulins in the course of blood protein
      disorders].

PMID- 13689238
TI  - [Analysis of the precipitate formed in the course of turbidimetric determination
      of seric gamma globulins in the presence of heparin and cobaltous chloride].

PMID- 13689239
TI  - [On the separation of beta-lipoproteins of the serum after flocculation by
      polyvinylpyrrolidone].

PMID- 13689240
TI  - [Turbidimetric determination of gamma globulins in obstructive jaundice].

PMID- 13689241
TI  - [Turbidimetric determination of serum beta-lipoproteins after selective
      precipitation by heparin in presence of calcium chloride and a weak ionic force].

PMID- 13689242
TI  - [Turbidimetric test for the determination of hypogammaglobulinemia].

PMID- 13689243
TI  - Psychoses associated with thyrotoxicosis.

PMID- 13689244
TI  - Histochemical study of cytochrome oxidase in normal and inflamed gingiva.

PMID- 13689245
TI  - Histochemistry of oral cancer.

PMID- 13689246
TI  - A sensitive and accurate plate assay for poliovirus neutralizing antibody.

PMID- 13689247
TI  - Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in the brain of the developing chick.

PMID- 13689248
TI  - Psychological research on mental deficiency.

PMID- 13689249
TI  - The mentally subnormal.

PMID- 13689251
TI  - A study of the relation of visibility to air pollution.

PMID- 13689250
TI  - Carcinoma of the ovaries secondary to cancer of the colon and rectum.

PMID- 13689252
TI  - Faulty posture. I. Signs and symptoms.

PMID- 13689253
TI  - Faulty posture. II. Treatment. III. Results.

PMID- 13689254
TI  - Potassium permanganate necrosis of the vaginal wall.

PMID- 13689255
TI  - Trifluoperazine in postoperative gynecological patients. A double-blind
      evaluation in 111 patients.

PMID- 13689256
TI  - Control of plasma non-esterified fatty acids in pregnancy and the puerperium.

PMID- 13689257
TI  - Lactate tolerance in pregnancy with incidental observations of plasma non
      esterified fatty acids.

PMID- 13689258
TI  - Regulation of plasma NEFA in pregnancy and the puerperium. Preliminary
      observations.

PMID- 13689259
TI  - Plasma nonesterified fatty acids in pregnancy. II. Experimental modification.

PMID- 13689260
TI  - [Apropos of the so-called "progestative" bodies active by oral route].

PMID- 13689261
TI  - Female pseudo-hermaphroditism: some reflexions apropos of hormone treatments
      prescribed for pregnant women

PMID- 13689262
TI  - [Remote results after the excision of the left lobe of the liver in cavernous
      hemangioma].

PMID- 13689263
TI  - [An example of atypical agammaglobulinemia (a case of severe
      hypogammaglobulinemia with increase of the beta-2 macroglobulin].

PMID- 13689264
TI  - [Demonstration of antigenic determinants of normal human gamma globulins carried
      by Bence-Jones proteins].

PMID- 13689265
TI  - [Use of cysteine in the immuno-electrophoretic study of sera in
      macroglobulinemia].

PMID- 13689266
TI  - Suxamethonium chloride and muscle pains.

PMID- 13689267
TI  - Intermittent inflation of endotracheal-tube cuffs during positive-pressure
      respiration.

PMID- 13689268
TI  - Muscle pains after suxamethonium and suxethonium.

PMID- 13689269
TI  - [A case of congenital cutaneous reticulosis].

PMID- 13689270
TI  - [Dynamocardiography in the initial period of the active phase of rheumatism in
      children].

PMID- 13689271
TI  - [The norms of the dynamocardiogram in children from 7 to 15 years of age].

PMID- 13689272
TI  - Diagnosis and current surgical management of otosclerosis: one hundred
      consecutive cases treated.

PMID- 13689273
TI  - Perceived size of self-image body parts in schizophrenia.

PMID- 13689274
TI  - Schizophrenia and existence.

PMID- 13689275
TI  - The measurement of tension in vascular smooth muscle.

PMID- 13689276
TI  - Effect of cortisone on growth, DNA, RNA, and protein of spontaneous and
      transplanted mammary tumors in mice.

PMID- 13689277
TI  - [The action of carboxymethylcellulose on rat fibroblasts in tissue cultures].

PMID- 13689278
TI  - Studies on Western equine encephalitis associated with wild ducks in
      Saskatchewan.

PMID- 13689279
TI  - The fine arts as an adjunct to rehabilitation.

PMID- 13689280
TI  - The recognition of preclinical femoral hernia.

PMID- 13689281
TI  - Heart block in adult patients in hospital practice.

PMID- 13689282
TI  - A preliminary note concerning development of larval stages of Brugia malayi and
      Wuchereria bancrofti in the bedbug in coastal filarial areas of Kerala State,
      South India.

PMID- 13689283
TI  - Studies on the bionomics of mosquito vectors which transmit filariasis in India.
      II. The role of water hyacinth (Eichhornia speciosa Kunth) as an important host
      plant in the life cycle of Mansonia uniformis (Theobald) with notes on the
      differentiation of the late embryonic and newly hatched stages of Mansonia
      uniformis (Theobald).

PMID- 13689284
TI  - Studies on the bionomics of mosquito vectors which transmit filariasis in India.
      III. Further studies on attachment of Mansonia uniformis larvae to host plants
      occurring in Pistia tanks in Kerala, South India.

PMID- 13689285
TI  - Studies on the bionomics of mosquito vectors which transmit filariasis in India.
      IV. Observations on larvivorous activities of various fishes in filarial areas of
      Kerala State, South India.

PMID- 13689286
TI  - Studies on the bionomics of mosquito vectors which transmit filariasis in India.
      V. Further studies on attachment of Mansonia annulifera larvae to host plants
      occurring in tanks containing Pistia stratiotes in Kerala State, South India.

PMID- 13689288
TI  - Report on national emergency medical care.

PMID- 13689287
TI  - The doctor and the public. Circa the American Revolution.

PMID- 13689289
TI  - Tumor cells in cerebrospinal fluid.

PMID- 13689290
TI  - Frequencies of nucleotide sequences in deoxyribonucleic acids.

PMID- 13689291
TI  - The use of cholecystokinin to test gall bladder function in man.
AB  - In 100 subjects the cholecystokinin test has been used in conjunction with the
      secretin test of gall bladder function. The response of the normal gall bladder
      to a standard dose of pancreozymin has been studied and the results in patients
      following cholecystectomy and in the presence of biliary tract disease have been
      recorded and contrasted with the results obtained by the secretin test and oral
      cholecystography. These are sufficiently characteristic to warrant the conclusion
      that used in this way the cholecystokinin test provides a new and valuable semi
      quantitative estimate of gall bladder function.

PMID- 13689292
TI  - Gametogenesis and fertilization in the frog lung fluke, Haematoloechus
      medioplexus Stafford (Trematoda: Plagiorchiidae).

PMID- 13689293
TI  - Idiopathic hemotympanum--a new approach.

PMID- 13689294
TI  - Nasal bleeding in children.
AB  - Nasal bleeding is a frequent and distressing occurrence in childhood. Many causes
      of nasal bleeding in children are recognized but trauma seems to be involved in
      most cases.A small localized area on the septum is the usual site of bleeding.
      The salient items in control of nasal bleeding are: (1) Position of the child,
      (2) application of pressure against the bleeding area and (3) formation and
      support of a clot.

PMID- 13689295
TI  - Interaction of nicotinamide with reserpine and chlorpromazine. III. Some effects
      on the diphosphopyridine nucleotide content in liver.

PMID- 13689296
TI  - Interaction of nicotinamide with reserpine and chlorpromazine. II. Some effects
      on the central nervous system of the mouse.

PMID- 13689298
TI  - Congestive phenomena occurring in pregnant women with heart disease.

PMID- 13689297
TI  - The properties of single-unit discharges in the optic lobe of the locust.

PMID- 13689299
TI  - The management of congestive heart failure occurring in relation to pregnancy in
      patients with rheumatic heart disease.

PMID- 13689300
TI  - The use of trimethobenzamide (tigan) for the treatment of radiation induced
      nausea and emesis.

PMID- 13689301
TI  - Lymph node reactivity to homografs of cancellous bone.

PMID- 13689302
TI  - Cardiopulmonary hypoxemia encephalomalacia.

PMID- 13689304
TI  - [Functional conditions of skin receptors in patients with microbial eczema
      previously treated with roentgen rays].

PMID- 13689303
TI  - Consultants help Ontario M.R.L.s.

PMID- 13689305
TI  - [Functional conditions of the skin in roentgenologists].

PMID- 13689306
TI  - [Reactivity of the organism and of the skin of patients with microbial eczema].

PMID- 13689307
TI  - [Reactivity of the skin of patients with chronic diseases of the stomach and
      liver].

PMID- 13689308
TI  - [On a new salt of papaverine with low toxicity, papaverine glycyrrhizinate].

PMID- 13689309
TI  - [Double arthrodesis and transplantation of the common digital extensor (C.D.E.)
      in poliomyelitic pes valgoplanus].

PMID- 13689310
TI  - [Cheiloplasty of the joint in arthrosis deformans].

PMID- 13689311
TI  - [The surgical treatment of infantile coxa vara].

PMID- 13689312
TI  - [Malacia of the semilunar bone (Etiopathogenetic and therapeutic
      considerations)].

PMID- 13689313
TI  - [Studies on the problem of a liver regeneration-promoting substance in the serum
      of partially hepatectomized rats].

PMID- 13689314
TI  - Otitic hydrocephalus in a child.

PMID- 13689315
TI  - [Serotonin and psychiatry].

PMID- 13689316
TI  - [Regeneration of serum proteins and serum glycoproteins in rabbits subjected to
      bleeding and simultaneous poisoning with CC14].

PMID- 13689317
TI  - [Regeneration of serum proteins and serum glycoproteins in rabbits subjected to
      bleeding and simultaneous poisoning with trypan blue].

PMID- 13689318
TI  - Electrophoresis of hyaluronic acid obtained from synovial fluid.

PMID- 13689319
TI  - [Behavior, in the periodic acid-Schiff reaction, of mucin and hyaluronic acid
      isolated from normal and pathological human synovial fluid].

PMID- 13689320
TI  - [Electrophoretic study of hyaluronic acid in the synovial fluid].

PMID- 13689321
TI  - [Serum and urinary glycoproteins in some medical nephrophathies].

PMID- 13689322
TI  - [Changes in serum glycoproteins and in hexosamine in the arterial walls during
      the first phases of cholesterolic atherosclerosis in rabbits].

PMID- 13689323
TI  - [Regeneration of the serum proteins and glycoproteins in rabbits subjected to
      bloodletting].

PMID- 13689324
TI  - [Goiter in the commune of Regalbuto and in other communes of the province of
      Enna].

PMID- 13689325
TI  - [Test of spinal reflexes and neuromuscular transmission in decerebrate rats and
      of the effect of muscle relaxants on them].

PMID- 13689326
TI  - [On the differential diagnosis of ophtalmoplegic migraine].

PMID- 13689327
TI  - [On the diagnosis and therapy of cerebral melanoma metastases].

PMID- 13689328
TI  - [Contrast demonstration of a spinal angioma].

PMID- 13689329
TI  - Neoplastic disease: tumor metabolism.

PMID- 13689330
TI  - Inhibition by antitumour agents of labeling of nuclear proteins in vivo with L
      arginine-U-C-14.

PMID- 13689332
TI  - [Experiences with the use of frozen homologous cortical bone graft].

PMID- 13689331
TI  - Studies on the metabolism of radioactive albumin in tumor-bearing rats.

PMID- 13689333
TI  - [Inguinal hernia surgically treated by rectus muscle graft].

PMID- 13689334
TI  - [Mechanical erythrocyte resistance and blood donors].

PMID- 13689335
TI  - Common misconceptions in radiation therapy.

PMID- 13689336
TI  - Transferrin-groups of foetal calf-serum.

PMID- 13689338
TI  - [Hyperventilation syndrome in iatrogenic heart disease. With a contribution to
      the outcome of small septal defect of the heart].

PMID- 13689337
TI  - [Experiences with radiophosphorus therapy in polycythemia vera].

PMID- 13689339
TI  - Eosinophilic adenoma of the pituitary and carcinoid tumor of the rectosigmoid
      area.

PMID- 13689340
TI  - The effect of denervation and insulin on the penetration of D-xylose into rat
      hemidiaphragms.

PMID- 13689342
TI  - [Poliomyelitis vaccination 1960].

PMID- 13689341
TI  - Poliomyelitis vaccination with live poliovirus.

PMID- 13689343
TI  - [Visual and acoustic responses at the level of the posterior ventromedial complex
      of the thalamus in the cat].

PMID- 13689344
TI  - Somatic functions of the nervous system.

PMID- 13689345
TI  - [Observations on the functional organization of the motor cortex in the cat].

PMID- 13689346
TI  - [The Swiss medical mission in the Congo].

PMID- 13689347
TI  - WECHSLER H: Studies of salivation in depression. A comparison of salivation rates
      in depressed, schizoaffective depressed, nondepressed hospitalized patients, and
      in normal controls.

PMID- 13689348
TI  - The doctor and the delinquent.

PMID- 13689349
TI  - epizootic bat rabies in Surinam. Effectiveness of a mass field immunization
      program.

PMID- 13689350
TI  - Muscle pains after suxamethonium chloride in children.

PMID- 13689351
TI  - Prolonged neuromuscular block due to intraperitoneal streptomycin.

PMID- 13689353
TI  - An improved method for the assay of anti-inflammatory substances in rats.

PMID- 13689352
TI  - Electron microscopy of symbiotic bacteria in developing oocytes of the American
      cockroach, Periplaneta americana.

PMID- 13689354
TI  - Basic considerations in the use of anti-inflammatory steroids in neurological
      diseases.

PMID- 13689355
TI  - Laboratory film evaporator for rapid concentration of dilute solutions.

PMID- 13689357
TI  - Prophylactic treatment of tuberculous contacts: a preliminary report.

PMID- 13689358
TI  - [Result of the study of the effect of an interrupted school week on fatigue of
      4th grade school children].

PMID- 13689359
TI  - [On the problem of the use unithiol in lead poisoning].

PMID- 13689360
TI  - [Prevention of recurrences in the treatment of typhoid fever with chloromycetin].

PMID- 13689361
TI  - [On the content of copper and iron in the blood of healthy children and those
      with diseases of the blood system].

PMID- 13689362
TI  - First-trimester depression: a suggested treatment.

PMID- 13689363
TI  - [Serum cholinesterase activity in the biological pattern of epidemic hepatitis].

PMID- 13689364
TI  - [Capillaroscopic investigations in human trichinosis].

PMID- 13689365
TI  - [Electrocardiographic and ballistocardiographic studies in human trichinosis].

PMID- 13689366
TI  - [Clinical and biological characteristics of a focus of trichinosis].

PMID- 13689368
TI  - [On the pathogenesis of human trichinosis].

PMID- 13689367
TI  - [Hormonotherapy of trichinosis].

PMID- 13689369
TI  - [Causes of disease and death in human echinococcosis].

PMID- 13689370
TI  - Morphological changes induced by dexamethasone.

PMID- 13689371
TI  - [Dexamethasone and histological modiications in normal animals].

PMID- 13689372
TI  - The effect of dexamethasone on histiocapillary unity.

PMID- 13689374
TI  - [Functional and morphological changes in the adrenals in normal rabbits under the
      influence of a prolonged administration of therapeutic doses of isonicotinic acid
      hydrazide derivatives and PAS].

PMID- 13689373
TI  - Hydrocortisone insufflation in the treatment of respiratory allergies.

PMID- 13689375
TI  - [Rabies morbidity and its prevention in the population of RSFSR].

PMID- 13689376
TI  - [Preliminary study of the decoding of information contained in the territorial
      acoustic signal of the robin red-breast (Erithacus rubecula L.)].

PMID- 13689377
TI  - [Action of chemical convulsants on mice of strains sensitive and resistant to
      audiogenic crises].

PMID- 13689378
TI  - [Rehabilitation of subjects during their developmental period presenting
      psychological irregularities].

PMID- 13689379
TI  - [Effects of prolonged intermittent hypoxia. Anatomopathological and
      electrocardiographical results and correlations].

PMID- 13689380
TI  - [Quantitative evaluation of the ballistocardiogram after muscular work].

PMID- 13689381
TI  - [Anti-H phyto-agglutinin from Laburnum watereri seeds].

PMID- 13689382
TI  - Stimulus generalization and aggressive verbal stimuli.

PMID- 13689383
TI  - Incorporation of labelled aminoacids in antibodies synthesized in vitro by cells
      of immunized rabbits.

PMID- 13689384
TI  - [Immunological tolerance].

PMID- 13689385
TI  - In memoriam: Frederick VALLES, 1879-1960.

PMID- 13689386
TI  - Psychiatric management of the aged.

PMID- 13689387
TI  - Problems affecting psychiatric care of the aging.

PMID- 13689388
TI  - The health and adjustment of the aged person.

PMID- 13689389
TI  - [Inflammatory cells in patients with leukemia].

PMID- 13689390
TI  - [An imminent change in present medicine].

PMID- 13689391
TI  - [Are there migratory cells in the area of the cornea?].

PMID- 13689392
TI  - [Remarks on J. Thurner and E. Jacchias's "The Morphological Picture of
      Panaritia'].

PMID- 13689393
TI  - [Remarks on M. Tousek, Z. Blahnik and J. Radl's paper "The Importance of
      Cytological Punctures in the Diagnosis of Exudative Pleurisy].

PMID- 13689394
TI  - [The imminent change of the theory of inflammation: a turning-point in medicine].

PMID- 13689395
TI  - [Unusual cerebrospinal fluid findings in poliomyelitis].

PMID- 13689396
TI  - [Observations on paroxysmal hypokalemic muscular paralysis].

PMID- 13689397
TI  - Biosynthesis of acetoin by Leuconostoc citrovorum.

PMID- 13689398
TI  - [Hemocultures of streptococci in cases of rheumatism in children].

PMID- 13689399
TI  - The paradoxical effect on diuresis of posterior hypophyseal extracts with
      vasopressor and antidiuretic action in a case of serious hypoadrenalism secondary
      to hypopituitarism.

PMID- 13689400
TI  - [Clinical and critical considerations on the paradoxal effect, on diuresis, of
      posterior hypophysial extracts, with vasopressor and antidiuretic action, in a
      case of severe hypo-adrenalism secondary to hypopituitarism].

PMID- 13689401
TI  - [Different etiologies of vertebra plana].

PMID- 13689402
TI  - [Antiseptics and antibiotics in diarrheas].

PMID- 13689403
TI  - [Dietetics in constipation].

PMID- 13689404
TI  - [The dietetics of diarrhea].

PMID- 13689406
TI  - Chaotic medical communication.

PMID- 13689405
TI  - [Apropos of the thermo-leukocytic dissociation in hemorrhagic or edematous acute
      pancreatitis].

PMID- 13689407
TI  - [A case of pendulous fibroma of the vulva].

PMID- 13689408
TI  - Importance of cultural patterns in group psychotherapy and psychodrama.

PMID- 13689409
TI  - [Progressive chronic external opthlmoplegia].

PMID- 13689410
TI  - [Polymyxin B in meningitis Pseudomonas aeruginosa].

PMID- 13689411
TI  - [Plans and methods of post-graduate medical education. Books and medical
      reviews].

PMID- 13689412
TI  - Methods for measuring insecticide susceptibility levels in bed-bugs, cone-nosed
      bugs, fleas and lice.
AB  - A standard kit is prepared and distributed by WHO for testing insecticide
      resistance in adult mosquitos, and it would seem advantageous to be able to use
      the filter papers impregnated with DDT and dieldrin contained in this kit for
      testing resistance in other insects. Experiments have been successfully conducted
      with a view to developing methods based on the use of these papers for testing
      susceptibility levels in bed-bugs, cone-nosed bugs, fleas and lice. The designs
      of the various test methods and the results obtained are described in this paper.
      The tests for bed-bugs and fleas have been adopted as provisional methods by the
      WHO Expert Committee on Insecticides; those for cone-nosed bugs and lice have
      been designated tentative methods, requiring further investigation prior to the
      drawing up of specifications.

PMID- 13689413
TI  - [Recent injuries of the ligaments of the knee].

PMID- 13689414
TI  - [Acute pericarditis].

PMID- 13689416
TI  - Radiation therapy. The reporting of survival from cancer. The data necessary to
      evaluate the results of therapy.

PMID- 13689415
TI  - Effectiveness of radical mastectomy for mammary cancer: an analysis of
      mortalities by the method of probits.

PMID- 13689417
TI  - [On the sexattractant of silk-moths. I. The biological test and the isolation of
      the pure sex-attractant bombykol].

PMID- 13689418
TI  - [On the sexattractant of silk-months. II. Constitution and configuration of
      bombvkol].

PMID- 13689419
TI  - [On ommochromes. 20. On the distribution of ommatin in animals. New methods of
      identification and quantitative determination].

PMID- 13689420
TI  - [On ommochromes, XXI. Composition and synthesis of ommatin D].

PMID- 13689421
TI  - [On the primary metabolic action of testosterone].

PMID- 13689422
TI  - Biochemistry and the insect world.

PMID- 13689423
TI  - [The effect of nicotine on the isolated sphincter muscle of the iris in
      comparison to corresponding effects of acetylcholine, noradrenaline,
      hexamethonium and dihydroergotamine].

PMID- 13689424
TI  - [Result of tick control in artificial bird nests].

PMID- 13689425
TI  - [On the problem of distribution and degree of severity of goiter in children of
      school age in Sverdlovsk and results of measures for its prevention].

PMID- 13689426
TI  - The laboratory diagnosis of macroglobulinaemia, with special reference to starch
      gel electrophoresis.

PMID- 13689427
TI  - The occurrence of post-gamma protein in urine: a new protein abnormality.
AB  - As a result of studying the urine proteins of 223 individuals by starch gel
      electrophoresis, a new urine protein fraction has been recognized. On starch gel
      electrophoresis at alkaline pH the new fraction moves to a position appreciably
      nearer the cathode than the slowest-moving gamma-globulin in normal serum. A
      small amount of this post-gamma protein was found in the urine of 46 patients
      with clinical proteinuria, including 19 with the Fanconi syndrome and nine with
      multiple myeloma. The nature, origin, and clinical significance of post-gamma
      protein is discussed.

PMID- 13689428
TI  - Rehabilitation in mental disorder.

PMID- 13689429
TI  - Strontium-90 in human teeth.

PMID- 13689430
TI  - The role of the psychiatric nurse.

PMID- 13689431
TI  - Effect of whole-body radiation in vivo on the DNA of rat liver.

PMID- 13689432
TI  - Relative metabolic activities of histones in tumours and liver.

PMID- 13689433
TI  - Effect of pH on the sensitiveness of trypsin to ionizing radiation.

PMID- 13689434
TI  - Evolution of a form.

PMID- 13689435
TI  - "Studies on urease".

PMID- 13689436
TI  - [The frequency of Rhesus antigen Cw in Switzerland].

PMID- 13689437
TI  - Estimation of volatile anaesthetics in tissues by gas chromatography.

PMID- 13689438
TI  - Temperature coefficients of cochlear potentials.

PMID- 13689439
TI  - The responsiveness of Rhesus monkeys to motion pictures.

PMID- 13689440
TI  - Responses of institutionalized mentally retarded children to human and to animal
      pictures.

PMID- 13689441
TI  - Perforation of the gallbladder with special reference to cholecystenteric
      fistulas.

PMID- 13689442
TI  - Planning an intensive psychotherapeutic inpatient program for the aged.

PMID- 13689443
TI  - The determination of blood glucose and urea nitrogen on a single micro-sample.

PMID- 13689444
TI  - Presbycardia.

PMID- 13689445
TI  - A far red absorbing form of chlorophyll.

PMID- 13689446
TI  - A far-red absorbing form of chlorophyll. in vivo.

PMID- 13689447
TI  - Chloroplast development: energy transfer and structure.

PMID- 13689448
TI  - [Varicellous pneumonia in the adult].

PMID- 13689449
TI  - [Changes in circulating blood volume in acute radiation sickness in dogs].

PMID- 13689451
TI  - [Effect of electronarcosis on the thermoregulation reflex and on electric
      resistance of the skin in patients with pruritus].

PMID- 13689450
TI  - [On the problem of the effect of androgens on the process of fertilization and
      the course of pregnancy in various animals (experimental study)].

PMID- 13689452
TI  - Induction by desoxyribonucleic acids of axial structures in post-nodal fragments
      of chick blastoderms.

PMID- 13689453
TI  - [Electron microscopic study of the fine structures of the cytoplasm of the early
      embryonal stages of Ambystoma mexicanum].

PMID- 13689454
TI  - [A casuistic contribution to the therapy of a case of pulmonary sarcoidosis with
      9 alpha-fluor-16 alpha-hydroxyprednisolone (delphicort)].

PMID- 13689455
TI  - [A clinical experience report on combined therapy of pulmonary tuberculosis with
      cycloserine-pyrazinamide].

PMID- 13689456
TI  - A study of gastric contents in 67 children undergoing elective surgery.

PMID- 13689457
TI  - Hiccup: its possible cause and treatment in anesthesia.

PMID- 13689458
TI  - The regulation of pathways of glucose catabolism in maize roots.

PMID- 13689459
TI  - The catalysis of ascorbate oxidation by ionic copper and its complexes.

PMID- 13689460
TI  - Nitrite oxidation by Nitrobacter in the presence of certain nitrophenols.

PMID- 13689461
TI  - The biochemistry of the nitrifying organisms. 6. The effect of oxygen
      concentration on nitrite oxidation in the presence of different inorganic ions.

PMID- 13689462
TI  - The biochemistry of the nitrifying organisms. 7. The phosphate compounds of
      Nitrobacter and the uptake of orthophosphate by the organism.

PMID- 13689463
TI  - Table for surgery of the hand.

PMID- 13689464
TI  - Chemical reactions which affect the biological activity of human gonadotrophins.

PMID- 13689465
TI  - Immunological study of human gonadotrophins.

PMID- 13689466
TI  - Award program recognizes outstanding employees.

PMID- 13689467
TI  - [Telecobalt irradiation in cervical carcinoma].

PMID- 13689468
TI  - [On the prognosis of the radiotherapy of cervix carcinoma according to the
      "sensitization response"].

PMID- 13689469
TI  - [Postoperative pain prevention and during labor with the combination morphine
      antagonist].

PMID- 13689470
TI  - [Angioma of the fourth vertebral body].

PMID- 13689471
TI  - [Position control of the grid areas by exposure with the therapy tube].

PMID- 13689472
TI  - [Contribution to the diagnosis of an arteriovenous aneurysm of the lung].

PMID- 13689473
TI  - Patterns in electrolyte and nitrogen balance in the newborn premature infant.

PMID- 13689474
TI  - The role of cortisone in the production of peptic esophagitis in the cat.

PMID- 13689475
TI  - Acute effects of guanethidine on myocardial contractility and catecholamine
      levels.

PMID- 13689476
TI  - The hypoglycaemic action of phenformin. Studies in diabetics after short-term
      therapy.

PMID- 13689478
TI  - A comparative study of growth and development of the kangaroo rats, Dipodomys
      deserti Stephens and Dipodomy's merriami Mearns.

PMID- 13689477
TI  - Hypoglycaemic response to leucine in a leucine-sensitive man.

PMID- 13689479
TI  - The burning skin syndrome: treatment with hydroxychloroquine.

PMID- 13689480
TI  - Cheilitis of mongolism.

PMID- 13689481
TI  - Hyperthyroidism and hypoadrenalism simultaneously. Case report.

PMID- 13689482
TI  - A specific polysaccharide from Mycoplasma mycoides.

PMID- 13689484
TI  - [Non-pigmented Pseudomonas and Achromobacter].

PMID- 13689483
TI  - [Considerations on the remote results of bloodlessly treated bimalleolar
      fractures].

PMID- 13689485
TI  - [C-reactive protein in chronic encephalitis].

PMID- 13689486
TI  - [Diencephalon and C-reactive protein. (Experimentation with polyvalent
      antipyogenic vaccine in patients during chlorpromazine treatment)].

PMID- 13689487
TI  - [On some new piperidinomethyl derivatives of substances with a replaceable
      hydrogen].

PMID- 13689488
TI  - [Research on the development and identification of Plagiorchis (Multiglandularis)
      cirratus (Rudolphi 1802). 1. Study of the developmental cycle].

PMID- 13689489
TI  - The integrated man.

PMID- 13689490
TI  - Intracisternal granules in the endosperm cells of the barley grain.

PMID- 13689491
TI  - Submicroscopic development and structure of starch granules in cereal endosperms.

PMID- 13689492
TI  - Psychiatric sequelae of heart surgery.

PMID- 13689493
TI  - Ovarian pregnancy.

PMID- 13689494
TI  - [Effects of chlorpromazine on the terminal nervous system of the endocrine
      pancreas of the rat].

PMID- 13689495
TI  - [Behavior of creatinuria during treatment with an enolic ether of
      methyltestosterone active by oral route].

PMID- 13689496
TI  - [Androgenic and anabolic activity of a new enolic derivative of testosterone
      active by oral route. Clinical research].

PMID- 13689497
TI  - [Aspects of the physical and functional semeiotics in diabetes mellitus in the
      adult].

PMID- 13689498
TI  - Dumping syndrome studied during maintenance of blood volume.

PMID- 13689499
TI  - [Synthesis and biological properties of a fluorinated analogue of triparanol].

PMID- 13689500
TI  - [Short-term results of the treatment of leprosy with 4,4'
      diisoamyloxythiocarbanilide].

PMID- 13689501
TI  - [Recent results in research on chemical carcinogenesis and experimental
      chemotherapy of tumors].

PMID- 13689502
TI  - Hair pulling and fetishism.

PMID- 13689503
TI  - [Psychodrama. Methodological and theoretical considerations].

PMID- 13689504
TI  - Induction of ovulation in the human with human gonadotropins.

PMID- 13689505
TI  - Anovulation due to pituitary failure--diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 13689506
TI  - Research and responsibility.

PMID- 13689507
TI  - Normal life with diabetes.

PMID- 13689508
TI  - Skin response to histamine of the proteinsensitized guinea pig.

PMID- 13689509
TI  - The effect of hemorrhagic shock upon succinic oxidation in dog liver and brain
      slices.

PMID- 13689510
TI  - Smooth muscle tumors of the gastrointestinal tract.

PMID- 13689511
TI  - [Cardiovascular complications of sillcosis].

PMID- 13689512
TI  - Psychiatry in industry as seen by an industrial physician.

PMID- 13689513
TI  - Concentration and persistence of tetracycline and chlortetracycline in bone.

PMID- 13689514
TI  - [The social world order and health].

PMID- 13689515
TI  - [The treatment of severe peritonitis generalisata following acute appendicitis].

PMID- 13689516
TI  - [Thoracic meningocele].

PMID- 13689517
TI  - [Pathology of thirst].

PMID- 13689518
TI  - Lymphatic transport of selected nitrofuran derivatives in the dog.

PMID- 13689519
TI  - Studies on the absorption, distribution and elimination of nitrofurantoin in the
      rat.

PMID- 13689520
TI  - The distribution of furaltadone in the rat.

PMID- 13689521
TI  - Inhibition of glutathione reductase by nitrofurantoin.

PMID- 13689522
TI  - [Study of the diuretic activity of some thiophene derivatives].

PMID- 13689523
TI  - Extensive cutaneous moniliasis. Treatment with amphotericin B.

PMID- 13689524
TI  - Effect of changes in dietary fat on whole-blood coagulation-time in man.

PMID- 13689525
TI  - [A serotonin-like substance in the embryogenesis of certain gastropodal
      molluscs].

PMID- 13689526
TI  - Symmetrical gangrene of the extremities. ? Cause.

PMID- 13689527
TI  - [Intra-arterial therapy in necrotic lesions of the extremities].

PMID- 13689528
TI  - [Artificail heart-lung apparatus].

PMID- 13689529
TI  - [Classification of peripheral atherosclerosis].

PMID- 13689530
TI  - [Correlation between plethysmographic and oscillometric findings in arterial
      occlusion].

PMID- 13689531
TI  - [Evaluation of vascular reserve in peripheral atherosclerosis].

PMID- 13689532
TI  - [Historical notes on bacterial endocarditis].

PMID- 13689533
TI  - [Original description of pulmonary atresia and congenital tricuspid stenosis
      (Delmas, 1826)].

PMID- 13689534
TI  - [The humeral and carotid sphygmogram in aortic stenosis].

PMID- 13689535
TI  - [On the use of a nitrofuran compound in the treatment of acute infantile
      enterocolitis].

PMID- 13689536
TI  - [Initial experiences with the artifical heart-lung. 1. Material and technic].

PMID- 13689537
TI  - [A new operative procedure for coronary arterial insufficiency: extended
      pericardiectomy].

PMID- 13689538
TI  - [Research on radiographic enlargement].

PMID- 13689540
TI  - [Reconstructive arterial surgery].

PMID- 13689539
TI  - [Construction and use of graphic tables in rotatory and pendular therapy].

PMID- 13689541
TI  - [Chemotherapy using extracorporeal circulation in advanced cancer. Presentation
      of oxigenator of reduced size and load].

PMID- 13689542
TI  - [Hydrochlorothiazide in clinical practice].

PMID- 13689543
TI  - [Diabetic coma in the child].

PMID- 13689544
TI  - Suppurative parotitis.

PMID- 13689545
TI  - [Studies on tendon mucoids].

PMID- 13689546
TI  - [Isolation and fractionation from various tissues of acid mucopolysaccharides].

PMID- 13689548
TI  - [On hyaline membranes in the lungs of newborn infants].

PMID- 13689547
TI  - [On the isolation of chondroitin sulfate for hyaline cartilage].

PMID- 13689549
TI  - [On the problem of tuberculous endometritis].

PMID- 13689550
TI  - [Effect of various types of nitrogen on the assimilation of butyric acid by
      cultures capable of ammonification].

PMID- 13689552
TI  - [Protective effect of hypoxia in various doses of radiations].

PMID- 13689551
TI  - [Selective utilization of butyric acid by various aerobic soil microorganisms].

PMID- 13689553
TI  - [Protective effect of hypoxia in a "brief" and "prolonged" irradiation of mice by
      gamma-rays].

PMID- 13689554
TI  - [On the problem of henbane (Hyoscyamus niger L.) poisoning in children].

PMID- 13689555
TI  - An approach to psychotic anxiety.

PMID- 13689556
TI  - In memoriam Bela MITTELMANN, 1899-1959.

PMID- 13689557
TI  - Symposium on 'depressive illness'. IV. The structure of chronic and latent
      depressions.

PMID- 13689558
TI  - The ego and the object of the homosexual.

PMID- 13689559
TI  - The effect of hexamethonium on the carotid chemoreceptor response to nicotine and
      cyanide.
AB  - The literature concerning the effects of ganglionic blocking agents on the
      chemoreceptors is reviewed. Hexamethonium blocks the respiratory response to
      intracarotid injections of small doses of nicotine in dogs anaesthetized with
      chloralose, but it does not block the response to sodium cyanide.

PMID- 13689560
TI  - [Experiments on ultrastructural cytochemistry. Detection of alkaline phosphatase
      in the rat kidney by means of the electron microscope].

PMID- 13689561
TI  - Counterfeiting in the pharmaceutical industry.

PMID- 13689562
TI  - Enzymic conversion of tetrahydrofolic acid to folinic acid by plant protein.

PMID- 13689563
TI  - The effect of triton, a surface active polyoxethylene ether, on experimental
      infective pneumoconiosis.

PMID- 13689564
TI  - Experimental infective pneumoconiosis with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (var.
      muris) and haematite by inhalation and by injection.

PMID- 13689565
TI  - Infantile muscular atrophy.

PMID- 13689566
TI  - Effect of triton on rate of removal of palmitate-1-C14 from serum.

PMID- 13689567
TI  - Effect of infusions of phosphatides upon the atherosclerotic aorta in situ and as
      an ocular aortic implant.

PMID- 13689568
TI  - Lipids and the reticuloendothelial system.

PMID- 13689570
TI  - [Experience in relapse preventive treatment of peptic ulcer].

PMID- 13689571
TI  - [A large solitary cyst of the kidney in a child].

PMID- 13689572
TI  - [On the course of infective processes in laboratory animals (guinea pigs and
      white mice) in experimental plague].

PMID- 13689573
TI  - Observations on some continously-acting spirometers.

PMID- 13689574
TI  - Maria KAWECKA, 1904-1960.

PMID- 13689575
TI  - Rapid variations of the prominent optic disc. II. Demonstration of pulse
      synchronous waves.

PMID- 13689576
TI  - Rapid variations of the prominent optic disc. I. Comparison of choked disc and
      pseudopapilloedema.

PMID- 13689577
TI  - Inoculation of human volunteers with a strain of virus isolated from a common
      cold.

PMID- 13689578
TI  - The influence of the incidence of thyroid malignancy on the selection of therapy
      in thyroid disease.

PMID- 13689579
TI  - Hereditary iron-loading anemia with secondary hemochromatosis.

PMID- 13689580
TI  - Emergency hepatic lobectomy in massive injury of the liver.

PMID- 13689581
TI  - [Further studies on the usefulness in forensic medicine of a method of
      determination of the so-called sex chromatin].

PMID- 13689582
TI  - Incongruency as a predictor of response to humor.

PMID- 13689583
TI  - Some inconsistencies in the effect of motivation arousal on humor preferences.

PMID- 13689584
TI  - The repression-sensitization scale: rationale, reliability. and validity.

PMID- 13689585
TI  - Measurement of nursing time in a small health agency.

PMID- 13689586
TI  - The pathogenesis of acute cholecystitis.

PMID- 13689587
TI  - Acute gastric dilation.

PMID- 13689588
TI  - Prophylactic postoperative chemotherapy. Failure of furltadone.

PMID- 13689589
TI  - Care of children with emotional problems.

PMID- 13689591
TI  - Experimental immunization of cattle with myxovirus parainfluenza 3 vaccines.

PMID- 13689590
TI  - A psychiatric unit enters its second quarter-century.

PMID- 13689592
TI  - Observations on eastern equine encephalitis in Maryland in 1959.

PMID- 13689593
TI  - Mortality patterns and antibody response in chicks inoculated with Eastern equine
      encephalomyelitis virus.

PMID- 13689594
TI  - Social security.

PMID- 13689595
TI  - The significance of hypertensive encephalopathy.

PMID- 13689596
TI  - Clinical investigation of corneal contact lenses.

PMID- 13689597
TI  - CRONEMILLER PD, BIERMAN HR, YONEMOTO RH: Interscapulothoracic amputation and
      sacroiliac disarticulation with adjunctive arterial chemotherapy.

PMID- 13689598
TI  - Left brachial arterial catheterization for chemotherapy in advanced intra
      abdominal malignant neoplasms.

PMID- 13689599
TI  - Ureterostomy in situ for temporary control of ureteral obstruction.

PMID- 13689600
TI  - Radical mastectomy with arterial regional chemotherapy.

PMID- 13689602
TI  - [The clinical characteristics of measles in infants].

PMID- 13689601
TI  - [Histological changes in the thyroid gland in vitamin C deficiency].

PMID- 13689603
TI  - [An unusual case of combined congenital abnormality].

PMID- 13689604
TI  - [Treatment of tuberculous meningitis in children without subarachnoid
      administration of drugs].

PMID- 13689605
TI  - [Traumatic pancreatitis].

PMID- 13689606
TI  - [Reaction to radiations and injuries of the organ of vision in radiotherapy of
      cancer of the skin of the face and eyelids].

PMID- 13689608
TI  - [On stillbirth and infant mortality in the first week of life (perinatal
      mortality)].

PMID- 13689607
TI  - [On the antipyretic effect of pyramidon in post vaccinal fever, dinitrophenol
      hyperthermia and experimental diphtheria intoxication].

PMID- 13689609
TI  - [Effect of certain infectious diseases on the auditory system].

PMID- 13689610
TI  - [Examination of the organs of hearing and equilibrium in acute bacillary
      dysentery].

PMID- 13689611
TI  - [Neurilemmona of the larynx].

PMID- 13689612
TI  - [Close-focus roentgen therapy of patients with scleroma of the vestibule of the
      nose].

PMID- 13689613
TI  - The viability of skin homografts into the spinal cord of monkeys.

PMID- 13689614
TI  - Bed rest, salicylates, and steroid in rheumatic fever.

PMID- 13689615
TI  - Postgraduate education in the field of rheumatism and arthritis in the U.S.A.,
      1960.

PMID- 13689616
TI  - The early radiological signs of rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 13689619
TI  - [On the source of impulses originating in the internal retinal layers in the
      frog].

PMID- 13689618
TI  - [Electroretinographic components in turtles].

PMID- 13689617
TI  - [An automatic device for the preparation of micro-electrodes].

PMID- 13689620
TI  - [Transitory eosinophilic infiltration due to recurring oxyuriasis. Its treatment
      by triamcinolone].

PMID- 13689622
TI  - [Rehabilitation of a hemiplegic affected with poliomyelitis].

PMID- 13689621
TI  - [Preliminary report on the treatment of various neurological syndromes with
      Bonifen].

PMID- 13689623
TI  - [Fractures simulating sprain of the ankle. Their radiological examination].

PMID- 13689624
TI  - [Presentation of complete statistics on the use of Hoffmann's external fixation
      device in the treatment of fractures of the leg, pseudarthroses and infectious
      pseudarthroses].

PMID- 13689625
TI  - [Presentation of an apparatus for the experimental study of fractures of the
      femur neck and their treatment].

PMID- 13689626
TI  - [Apropos of a case of balantidiasis].

PMID- 13689627
TI  - [Aspirative capillary puncture of aseptic bladders is superior to
      catheterization].

PMID- 13689628
TI  - [Instrumentation for cavitary operations in fragile tissues, principally ischemic
      fistulas of the cervix and vesicovaginal fistulas].

PMID- 13689629
TI  - [Necessity for a reminder on acute and chronic interstital infections of the
      anus].

PMID- 13689630
TI  - [Urethrectomy in sections. Inutility of autoplasties for inflammatory strictures
      and fistulas of the spongious urethera].

PMID- 13689631
TI  - [Variations of the hepatic branch of the gastric coronary artery. (Surgical
      repercussions)].

PMID- 13689632
TI  - [Brenner tumors and cysts of the ovary (apropos of 3 cases)].

PMID- 13689633
TI  - [Peritoneal splenosis].

PMID- 13689634
TI  - [Apropos of embryonal sympathmas in children. (Study of 7 cases with
      retroperitoneal and mediastinal localizations)].

PMID- 13689635
TI  - [Hormone-secreting tumors of the ovary].

PMID- 13689636
TI  - [Hemoglobin C-thalassemia disease].

PMID- 13689637
TI  - [Evacuation of a plane fallen into the water. Study made on the Etendard-IV M].

PMID- 13689638
TI  - Oral poliomyelitis vaccine, Lederle-thirteen years of laboratory and field
      investigation. An interim review.

PMID- 13689639
TI  - Further evidence of immunologic dissimilarity of distemper (CD) and measles (M)
      viruses.

PMID- 13689640
TI  - Prospects for measles immunization with reference to the relationship between
      distemper and measles viruses.

PMID- 13689641
TI  - Proposed potency testing of smallpox vaccine. II. Comparative titration in
      rabbits, chick embryos and tissue culture.

PMID- 13689643
TI  - [Study of nonspecific inhibitors of streptolysin-O. I. Fall of the
      antistreptolysin titer of serums of developing tuberculotics after the addition
      of fraction V (commercial albumin) to the serum].

PMID- 13689642
TI  - [Study of the nonspecific inhibition of streptolysin O. II. Elective weakening of
      the inhibitor power by an alpha 1-globulin present in Cohn's fraction V].

PMID- 13689644
TI  - Vaginal cytologic characteristics during pregnancy.

PMID- 13689645
TI  - Diagnostic cytology.

PMID- 13689646
TI  - Group therapy with sex offenders: description and evaluation of group therapy
      program in an institutional setting.

PMID- 13689647
TI  - Kinetic properties of erythrocyte- and liver arginase.

PMID- 13689648
TI  - [Study of the effects produced by ultraviolet light on bacteria. I. Alterations
      in the physiological behavior of Escherichia coli].

PMID- 13689649
TI  - [Study of the effects produced by ultraviolet light on bacteria. II. Alterations
      in the physiological behavior of Bacillus cereus].

PMID- 13689650
TI  - A rapid dialyser for small samples.

PMID- 13689651
TI  - Nucleotide pyrophosphatase activity in yeast extracts.

PMID- 13689652
TI  - Late reduction and immobilization in supracondylar fractures of the humerus in
      infancy.

PMID- 13689653
TI  - [Late intervention of reduction and postoperative contention in supracondyloid
      fractures of the humerus in infancy].

PMID- 13689654
TI  - [Obstetric factors and malformative factors in the picture of congenital luxation
      of the radial head].

PMID- 13689655
TI  - Acute renal failure.

PMID- 13689656
TI  - A fifth species of Neoechinorhynchus (Acanthocephala) in turtles.

PMID- 13689657
TI  - [Results obtained in 20 ambulatory patients treated with 2, 4-dimethoxy-6
      sulfanilamido-1,3-diazine].

PMID- 13689658
TI  - [Lumbosacral pains of discal origin].

PMID- 13689659
TI  - [Chlorpromazine and its association with imipramine in the treatment of chronic
      diseases].

PMID- 13689660
TI  - Polyps of the colon and rectum in children.

PMID- 13689662
TI  - [Vectorcardiographic changes after surgery of patent ductus arteriosus].

PMID- 13689661
TI  - [Vectorcardiographic and hemodynamic correlation in interventricular
      communication].

PMID- 13689663
TI  - Epidemic meningitis of the newborn caused by flavobacteria. I. Epidemiology and
      bacteriology.

PMID- 13689664
TI  - [Treatment of perforation of the nasal septum by vestibulo-oral approach].

PMID- 13689665
TI  - The preparation of fresh frozen sections without a low temperature chamber.

PMID- 13689666
TI  - [The ffactors of success or ffailure in experimental extracorporeal circulation.
      Study of a series of 30 dogs].

PMID- 13689667
TI  - [4 cases of complicated arterial aneurysms of the extremities, including 2 cases
      of rupture].

PMID- 13689668
TI  - [An oslerian aneurysm treated by ligation of the arterial trunks].

PMID- 13689669
TI  - [Cylindromas of the scalp (Poncet-Spiegler tumors)].

PMID- 13689670
TI  - Radioactive atoms distribution in aromatic compounds labelled by exposure to
      tritium gas.

PMID- 13689671
TI  - Labelling of organic compounds by mercury-photosensitized reaction with tritium
      gas.

PMID- 13689672
TI  - [Peculiar phenomenological aspects of delusional manifestations].

PMID- 13689673
TI  - [The Rorschach test in paraphrenia].

PMID- 13689674
TI  - [Radiography of the inferior vena cava in the diagnosis of metastases to the
      lumbo-aortic lymph nodes from abdominal and pelvic tumors].

PMID- 13689675
TI  - [Coronary vasomotility controlled by means of coronarography in cardiac arrest
      from acetylcholine. Action of some coronary vasodilatator drugs. Experimental
      research].

PMID- 13689676
TI  - [The Vineberg operation for the revascularization of the myocardium. (Evaluation
      of the results by coronary arteriography in pharmacological asystole)].

PMID- 13689677
TI  - [Observations on a case of acanthosis nigricans].

PMID- 13689678
TI  - [Anabolic steroids in the cicatrization of experimental cutaneous wounds in man].

PMID- 13689679
TI  - [The vascular substrate in necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum].

PMID- 13689680
TI  - [Behavior of the permeability of the capillaries small systemic vessels in
      diffuse glomerulonephritis and the nephrotic syndrome in children].

PMID- 13689681
TI  - [Behavior of the leukocytic aldolase activity in the full-term newborn infant and
      in the premature infant during the first 2 months of life].

PMID- 13689682
TI  - [Glucose consumption and aldolase activity of leukocytes of subjects in the
      pediatric age].

PMID- 13689683
TI  - [Behavior of some erythrocytic enzymes in rabbits treated with chloramphenicol].

PMID- 13689684
TI  - [Experimental research on estradiol dibutyrate].

PMID- 13689685
TI  - [Experimental research on variations in blood coagulation induced by treatment
      with d-tubocurarine chloride in the rabbit].

PMID- 13689686
TI  - [Fibrinolytic activity of erythrocytes studied with the thromboelastographic
      method].

PMID- 13689687
TI  - [Presence of anti-heparin activity in leukemic cells].

PMID- 13689688
TI  - [Coagulo-favoring action of elastases on hemophilic and thrombocytopenic plasma.
      In vitro and thromboelastographic research].

PMID- 13689689
TI  - [Proposal of a modification of the thromboelastographic method for the study of
      fibrinolysis activated with streptokinase].

PMID- 13689690
TI  - [Behavior of erythrocyte enzyme activity in acute carbon monoxide poisoning].

PMID- 13689691
TI  - [The unhealthy rural environment as a cause of disease].

PMID- 13689692
TI  - [Clinical experience with phenelzine].

PMID- 13689693
TI  - [Some recommendations concerning the nutrition of Salvadoran children under 12
      years of age].

PMID- 13689694
TI  - High-frequency atrial electrical activity.

PMID- 13689695
TI  - The digital computer as an aid in the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease.

PMID- 13689696
TI  - Premature ventricular depolarization.

PMID- 13689697
TI  - [Camptodactylia].

PMID- 13689698
TI  - A mobile health unit amongst the Masai.

PMID- 13689699
TI  - [Choledocholithiasis during a congenital non-microspherocytic hemolytic jaundice.
      Problems of diagnosis and therapy].

PMID- 13689700
TI  - [The clinical detection of portal hypertension].

PMID- 13689701
TI  - [Corticotherapy and hepatic diseases].

PMID- 13689702
TI  - [Indications of corticotherapy in hepatic pathology].

PMID- 13689703
TI  - [The treatment of major hepatic insufficiency by the malic acid-arginine
      association].

PMID- 13689704
TI  - [Treatment of severe hepatic insufficiency with malic acid-arginine combination].

PMID- 13689705
TI  - [Multiple cancers of the upper respiratory and digestive passages. (Apropos of 10
      cases)].

PMID- 13689706
TI  - [Local use of radioisotopes in otorhinolaryngological cancerology. (Interstitial
      curietherapy, endocavitary curietherapy)].

PMID- 13689707
TI  - [Local utilization of radioisotopes in ORL cancerology (interstitial
      curietherapy, endocavitary curietherapy)].

PMID- 13689708
TI  - [On the hypophysis of prepuberal guinea pigs treated with anti-pituitary
      antibodies. Histological research].

PMID- 13689709
TI  - A comparison between trifluoperazine and carphenazine in chronically ill
      schizophrenic in-patients.

PMID- 13689710
TI  - Chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride (Librium) and jaundice: report of a case.

PMID- 13689711
TI  - [On a case of primary melanoblastoma of the leptomeninges. (Preliminary note)].

PMID- 13689712
TI  - The part played by physiology in hygiene and preventive medicine.

PMID- 13689713
TI  - Constrictive pericarditis. Occurrence in a child one month following acute
      pericarditis with effusion.

PMID- 13689714
TI  - Effect of strophanthidin on the renal tubules of dogs.

PMID- 13689715
TI  - pCO2 in regulating ammonia excretion by renal tubules of dogs.

PMID- 13689716
TI  - Malignant melanoma.

PMID- 13689717
TI  - Inhibition of the insulin effect on sugar transport by N-ethylmaleimide.

PMID- 13689718
TI  - The ketokinase activity of the intestinal mucosa.

PMID- 13689719
TI  - [Physiopathology of hemorrhages of the third stage].

PMID- 13689720
TI  - [Prophylactic treatment of late anemia of the premature infant by iron-dextran].

PMID- 13689721
TI  - [A case of cytomegalic inclusion disease of the newborn].

PMID- 13689722
TI  - An analysis of factors affecting the measurement of pulmonary diffusing capacity
      by the single breath method.

PMID- 13689723
TI  - [Experimental epilepsy in the kitten as a function of age. Cortical and
      subcortical study].

PMID- 13689724
TI  - [Experimental epilepsy of the kitten as a function of age. Cortical and
      subcortical study].

PMID- 13689725
TI  - The EEG in metabolic disorders.

PMID- 13689726
TI  - Effects of a forestry camp experience on the personality of delinquent boys.

PMID- 13689727
TI  - Studies on the relationship between soilborne viruses of the ringspot type
      occurring in Britain and Continental Europe.

PMID- 13689728
TI  - Orientation of new staff physicians.

PMID- 13689729
TI  - Some applications of information theory to card-calling performance in ESP.

PMID- 13689730
TI  - [Surface-active agents in extraction processes].

PMID- 13689731
TI  - The factor structure of variables concerned with coronary artery disease.

PMID- 13689732
TI  - Clues to the development of coronary heart disease.

PMID- 13689733
TI  - [Angiopneumographic aspects of the Hamman-Rich syndrome].

PMID- 13689734
TI  - [The integral training of a physician].

PMID- 13689735
TI  - [Cardiospasm. Modified Heller operation].

PMID- 13689736
TI  - [Reactions remote from tonsillar foci. Biochemical aspects].

PMID- 13689737
TI  - [Blood platelets and fibrinolysis].

PMID- 13689738
TI  - The estimation of portal collateral flow in man.

PMID- 13689739
TI  - The use of indocyanine green in the measurement of hepatic blood flow and as a
      test of hepatic function.

PMID- 13689740
TI  - [Electron microscopic detection of fat particles in Disse's space].

PMID- 13689741
TI  - [Electron microscopic research on human amyloid in different primary diseases].

PMID- 13689742
TI  - [The fine structure of the spleen and liver in experimental amyloidosis].

PMID- 13689743
TI  - [Utilization of "anti-serum specific" immune serums for the study of abnormal
      circulating proteins (in acute leukemia, Hodgkin's disease and disseminated lupus
      erythematosus)].

PMID- 13689744
TI  - [Advantages of early surgical treatment of myelomeningoceles].

PMID- 13689745
TI  - [Myelomeningocele. Considerations on the timing of surgical treatment].

PMID- 13689746
TI  - [Contribution to the kinetic study of the radiolysis of metal-organic complexes].

PMID- 13689747
TI  - [Study of the effects of x-rays on hemin in aqueous solutions].

PMID- 13689748
TI  - [Study on the relation between radiosensitivity and instability constants of some
      metallo-organic compounds].

PMID- 13689749
TI  - [Value of stratigraphical investigations in fractures of the zygomatic arch].

PMID- 13689750
TI  - [Value and limitations of radiological examination in capsuloligamentous injuries
      of the articulations of the ankle].

PMID- 13689751
TI  - [The radiological aspect of hypertrophic stenosis of the pylorus in infants].

PMID- 13689752
TI  - [Historical panorama of maternal assistance over the centuries. From its
      beginnings to 1850].

PMID- 13689753
TI  - [Hemoperitoneum caused by hemorrhagic salpingitis].

PMID- 13689754
TI  - [Illustrated history of obstetric chairs and beds].

PMID- 13689755
TI  - [The hour-glass uterus].

PMID- 13689756
TI  - Side effects and laboratory findings during combined drug therapy of chronic
      schizophrenics.

PMID- 13689757
TI  - Experiences with large scale interhospital cooperative research in chemotherapy.

PMID- 13689758
TI  - Regrowth and overgrowth of the thymus after atrophy induced by the oral
      administration of adrenocorticosteroids to human infants.

PMID- 13689759
TI  - [Metallic impregnati on the posterior face of the cornea and of the lenticular
      capsule in a case of mercury poisoning].

PMID- 13689760
TI  - The clinical and pathologic aspects of pleural mesotheliomas.

PMID- 13689761
TI  - [Practical concepts of chemio-antibiotic treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis of
      primary verification].

PMID- 13689762
TI  - Distribution on hemoglobin in kidneys of rats treated with mercurials.

PMID- 13689763
TI  - A rapid procedure for determination of mercury in urine and kidney.

PMID- 13689764
TI  - [On possible genetic damage in radiological practice].

PMID- 13689765
TI  - [Significance of the "Saturn's ring" image in the lower portion of the
      esophagus].

PMID- 13689766
TI  - [Influence of several hormones on the morphological behavior of the rat pituitary
      and adrenal glands during experimental liver cirrhosis induced by carbon
      tetrachloride].

PMID- 13689767
TI  - [Effects of vitamin B-12 alone and associated with folic acid, vitamin C and
      vitamin PP on hepatic lesions and on humoral behavior in the course of chronic
      poisoning with carbon tetrachloride. Experimental research].

PMID- 13689768
TI  - [Effects of diisopropylammonium dichloroacetate (DIEDI or IS-401) on histological
      and biohumoral changes in the initial stages of carbon tetrachloride poisoning].

PMID- 13689769
TI  - [On the operative treatment of Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis].

PMID- 13689770
TI  - [Therapeutic trends in apparently primary blood protein disorders].

PMID- 13689771
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of hemolytic disease of the newborn due to materno-fetal
      blood incompatibility].

PMID- 13689772
TI  - [Prenatal prevention of hemolytic disease of the newborn].

PMID- 13689774
TI  - [The prenatal prophylaxis of hemolytic disease of the newborn].

PMID- 13689773
TI  - [The premature interruption of pregnancy in case of maternal anti-Rh
      isoimmunization].

PMID- 13689775
TI  - [Study tour of the Scandinavian countries].

PMID- 13689776
TI  - [On the histopathogenesis of solitary growth exostoses].

PMID- 13689777
TI  - [Morpho-functional changes in the hypothalamic nuclei following various stimuli.
      III. Morphological changes observed in the supraoptic, paraventricular and
      tuberal nuclei following treatment with thyroxin and methylthiouracil].

PMID- 13689778
TI  - [A device for the instillation of radioactive solutions].

PMID- 13689779
TI  - A sequential trial of analgesics in labour.

PMID- 13689780
TI  - Kallikrein in peripheral vascular disease.

PMID- 13689781
TI  - [Influence of tropical climate on the behavior of the crew of sea-planes].

PMID- 13689782
TI  - [Primary pulmonary hypertension in mother and daughter].

PMID- 13689783
TI  - [Histaminogenic effect of morpholinethylmorphine].

PMID- 13689784
TI  - [Pharmacological properties of the nicotinic ester of codeine and of
      morpholinylethylmorphine].

PMID- 13689785
TI  - [Pharmacology of the sapwood of the linden tree. I. Toxicological study].

PMID- 13689786
TI  - [Antagonism of a nebulizant of the sapwood of the linden tree against 5
      hydroxytryptamine].

PMID- 13689787
TI  - Psychiatric orientation for the general medical officer.

PMID- 13689788
TI  - Radiology in medical diagnosis.

PMID- 13689789
TI  - Effects of fatmobilizing extract from human urine on metabolism of glucose in rat
      adipose tissue.

PMID- 13689790
TI  - Insulin, diabetes and adipose tissue. A brief review.

PMID- 13689791
TI  - Intra-arterial infusions of pelvic tumors with amethopterin.

PMID- 13689792
TI  - The effect of caloric equilibrium on postoperative utilization of protein, fat,
      and carbohydrate.

PMID- 13689793
TI  - Ventilatory responses to embolization of lung.

PMID- 13689794
TI  - A comparison of the diets of two groups of school-children.

PMID- 13689795
TI  - The influence of illness and calcium intake on rate of skeletal maturation in
      children.

PMID- 13689796
TI  - Effect of hydroxyphenamate in the treatment of mild and moderate anxiety states.
      (A double blind study with crossover pattern).

PMID- 13689798
TI  - [Pharmacological study of RO 4-0404].

PMID- 13689797
TI  - [Comparative preliminary pharmacological study of sodium 4-hydroxybutyrate and
      the D and L forms of alpha-hydroxy beta, beta-dimethyl-gamma-butyrolactone].

PMID- 13689799
TI  - [Action of ubiquinone 50 on the cardiovascular system and psychomotor behavior in
      the dog and rat. Preliminary study].

PMID- 13689800
TI  - ["Waking substances": metabolic aspects and experimental results].

PMID- 13689801
TI  - [Comparative cardiovascular effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
      Pharmacological effects. Action on cardiac dynamics and metabolism].

PMID- 13689802
TI  - [Importance of sulfhydryl groups in biology. Physiopathology of sulfhydryl
      derivatives].

PMID- 13689803
TI  - [Pharmacological study of Ro 1-9569 (tetrabenazine)].

PMID- 13689804
TI  - Histochemical analyses of white lesions of the mouth. I. The basement membrane.

PMID- 13689805
TI  - Superficial fungus infections of the skin--management with griseofulvin.

PMID- 13689806
TI  - Nature and incidence of photosensitivity reactions to demethylchlortetracycline.

PMID- 13689808
TI  - Ultraviolet light therapy. A new type of low cost unit.

PMID- 13689807
TI  - Normal skin reactions to ultraviolet light. I. An attempt to modify normal
      erythema and pigmentation with methoxsalen.

PMID- 13689810
TI  - [Psychological maturation].

PMID- 13689809
TI  - Use of hydroxyphenamate (Listica) in dermatologic therapy.

PMID- 13689811
TI  - [Metabolic reactions consecutive to the taking of food in the rabbit. Causes of
      specific dynamic action].

PMID- 13689812
TI  - [Study of lipemia in rabbits and conditioning factors. Influence of alimentation
      on after 24 hours of fasting].

PMID- 13689813
TI  - [Study of lipemia in the rabbit and factors that condition it. Influence of
      fasting].

PMID- 13689814
TI  - [Study of lipemia in the rabbit and of the factors conditioning it. Influence of
      adrenaline].

PMID- 13689815
TI  - Radiographic technique. Its origin, concept, practical application and evaluation
      of radiation dosage.

PMID- 13689816
TI  - [Practical aspects of the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias].

PMID- 13689817
TI  - [Practical aspects of the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias].

PMID- 13689818
TI  - [Surgery of the foot. Indications and results in cerebral paralyses in children].

PMID- 13689819
TI  - Outline of a theory of thought-processes and thinking machines.

PMID- 13689820
TI  - [Osteomyelitis secondary to infusions into the bone marrow].

PMID- 13689821
TI  - [Study by hemoculture of microbial superinfection in the course of various
      hemopathies. The position of Salmonella typhimurium].

PMID- 13689822
TI  - [The treatment of asthma].

PMID- 13689823
TI  - Long-term in vitro cultivation of some mouse ascites tumors: Ehrlich ascites
      carcinoma.

PMID- 13689824
TI  - [The results of the Nelson test in recent congenital syphilis after treatment].

PMID- 13689825
TI  - A supplementary dream technique with the children's apperception test.

PMID- 13689826
TI  - The presuperego 'turning-inward' of aggression.

PMID- 13689827
TI  - [Morphological principles for the use of a new type of "blood vessel" bank in
      animal experiment].

PMID- 13689828
TI  - Graded activity program for safe return to self-care after myocardial infarction.

PMID- 13689829
TI  - Miroestrol: an oestrogen from the plant Pueraria mirifica.

PMID- 13689831
TI  - Housekeeping records.

PMID- 13689830
TI  - The metabolism of protocatechuic acid by a vibrio.

PMID- 13689832
TI  - A ventilatory effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibition in man.

PMID- 13689833
TI  - [Recent developments in urology].

PMID- 13689834
TI  - [Sjogren's syndrome].

PMID- 13689835
TI  - Survival of diabetics with proteinuria.

PMID- 13689836
TI  - The effects of nialamide and ethyl alcohol on some personality, cognitive and
      psychomotor variables in normal volunteers.

PMID- 13689837
TI  - [On the relations between the diencephalo-hypophysial system and hemopoiesis].

PMID- 13689838
TI  - [A new synthetic penicillin: sodium 6-(2,6-dimethoxybenzamido)-penicillanate
      monohydrate].

PMID- 13689839
TI  - [Carnitine].

PMID- 13689840
TI  - [Non-steroid inhibitors of the adrenal cortex].

PMID- 13689841
TI  - [On the subject of antibiotic therapy. II].

PMID- 13689842
TI  - [Phosphorylcholamine and phosphorylcholamincholine].

PMID- 13689843
TI  - Melkerson-Rosenthal syndrome.

PMID- 13689844
TI  - Pseudo-acanthosis nigricans.

PMID- 13689845
TI  - Rheumatoid arthritis with papulonecrotic arteriolar lesions on fingers and
      elbows.

PMID- 13689846
TI  - Spot-line chromatography: a technique for studying interactions between proteins
      and dyes.

PMID- 13689847
TI  - Comparison of several drugs in treating acute barbiturate depression in the dog.
      I. Single drugs.

PMID- 13689848
TI  - Comparison of several drugs in treating acute barbiturate depression in the dog.
      II. Pairs of drugs.

PMID- 13689849
TI  - [2 diagnostic errors attributable to an ectopic kidney].

PMID- 13689850
TI  - [Treatment of extensive cancer of the bladder with radium therapy following
      bilateral cutaneous ureterostomy. Secondary functional recovery as a result of
      ureteroenteroplasty. Results after 3 years].

PMID- 13689851
TI  - [Preoperative care, anesthesia and postoperative treatment in surgery of
      Basedow's goiter].

PMID- 13689852
TI  - [Anatomical and physiological introduction to the study of stress and orthostatic
      incontinence of the urine in women].

PMID- 13689853
TI  - The incidence of poliomyelitis antibodies in children in the R. P. R.

PMID- 13689854
TI  - [Evolution of several experimental virus diseases (influenza, poliomyelitis,
      Coxsackie virus disease, rabies, herpes) under the influence of radiophosphorus
      (P-32) and radioiodine (I-131)].

PMID- 13689855
TI  - [Comparative studies of the incidence of antipoliomyelitis antibodies in the
      vaccinated and unvaccinated children of the Rumanian People's Republic].

PMID- 13689856
TI  - [Acquisitions and problems in the cellular and serum immunology of malignant
      blood diseases].

PMID- 13689857
TI  - Immuno-morphological findings following the use of hetero-immune sera.

PMID- 13689858
TI  - A technic for the paravertebral lumbar block in cattle.

PMID- 13689859
TI  - [The use of controlled arterial hypotension in ophthalmological anesthesia].

PMID- 13689860
TI  - [Use of the new anabolic steroids in surgery].

PMID- 13689861
TI  - [Pathology of benign and malignant primary, non-epithelial tumors of the rectum].

PMID- 13689862
TI  - [Rare case report of primary malignant melanoma of the rectum].

PMID- 13689863
TI  - Initial clinical studies with 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine.

PMID- 13689864
TI  - [Prolonged urography and its indications].

PMID- 13689865
TI  - [Research on a liquid enrichment for bacteriological diagnosis of diphtheria].

PMID- 13689866
TI  - [2 cases of sympathoblastoma. Remarks on the evolution of this disease].

PMID- 13689867
TI  - [Dexamethazone and metabolism of calcium in the normal child].

PMID- 13689868
TI  - Hemochromocytometric variations induced by normal human gastric juice in normal
      and pathological receivers. I. Variations in the red cell series count

PMID- 13689869
TI  - Surgical technique for the correction of congenital elevation-Sprengle deformity
      of the scapula.

PMID- 13689870
TI  - The pathology of recurrent dislocation of the shoulder.

PMID- 13689871
TI  - [The aneurysmal bone cysts].

PMID- 13689872
TI  - [Research by electron microscope on te efficiency of the Owens apparatus].

PMID- 13689873
TI  - [Fimbriation of Proteus OX2 in liquid media at varied pH].

PMID- 13689874
TI  - [On some mechanisms of appearance of fimbriae in Proteus OX-2].

PMID- 13689875
TI  - [Technical device for obtaining ultrathin sections of the stratum corneum of
      human skin for electron microscopy].

PMID- 13689876
TI  - Thrombocytopenia in the experimental production of hemorrhagic death by multiple
      factors.

PMID- 13689877
TI  - [On the treatment of complete AV block with molar sodium lactate].

PMID- 13689878
TI  - [Study of electro cardiographic changes in pulmonary hydatidosis].

PMID- 13689879
TI  - [Arciform sarcoisosis and sarcoidosis in patches. Therapeutic difficulties].

PMID- 13689880
TI  - [Fiessinger-Leroy syndrome with major cutaneous manifestations].

PMID- 13689882
TI  - [The value of heliotherapy and seabaths in dermatology].

PMID- 13689881
TI  - [Angiosarcoma of the child with osseous metastasis].

PMID- 13689883
TI  - [The contribution of the superior mesenteric artery to the vascularization of the
      left colon].

PMID- 13689884
TI  - Incidence of cardiac arrhythmias following noncardiac thoracic surgery.

PMID- 13689885
TI  - [Congenital dislocation of the head of the radius. (Presentation of 6 cases)].

PMID- 13689886
TI  - [Lesions of the extensor apparatus of the long fingers of the hand and their
      repair].

PMID- 13689887
TI  - [Hyper-elongation of the tibia of the rabbit during the period of growth
      following repeated fractures of the contiguous fibula. (Experimental study)].

PMID- 13689889
TI  - [Multiple injuries and patients of multiple injuries. (Clinical considerations
      and case reports)].

PMID- 13689888
TI  - [Is habitus longilineus really a predisposing cause of tuberculous infection or
      is it not rather a consequence? (Preliminary note)].

PMID- 13689890
TI  - [Osseous hyperelongation of the tibia of the rabbit during the period of growth
      caused by injection, into the soft parts of the proximal metaphysial region of
      the leg, of an irritating solution (formalin). (Experimental research)].

PMID- 13689891
TI  - [Radiological study of the pulmonary vascularization in mitral stenosis:
      importance of simple thoracic films].

PMID- 13689892
TI  - [Organization of the rehabilitation of the wounded. Practical experience of a
      Centre de traumatologie].

PMID- 13689893
TI  - [Conduction blocks in the treatment of spastic paralysis].

PMID- 13689894
TI  - Physiologic considerations concerning corticosteroid therapy and complications in
      the nephrotic syndrome.

PMID- 13689895
TI  - [Studies on the etheral oils of some umbelliferous plants grown in Rumania].

PMID- 13689896
TI  - [On the existence of phenomena of precipitation reaction between sera and skin
      homogenates of subjects with Duhring-Brocq dermatitis herpetiformis].

PMID- 13689897
TI  - [Paper chromatographic determination of 17 alpha-ethyl-19-nortestosterone].

PMID- 13689898
TI  - The sulphydryl levels of mouse skin during treatment with polycyclic hydrocarbons
      and croton oil.

PMID- 13689899
TI  - Further studies of the effects of chemical carcinogens upon the -SH levels of
      target and non-target tissues.

PMID- 13689900
TI  - The effects of some chemical carcinogens upon the-SH levels of target and non
      target tissues.

PMID- 13689901
TI  - Anomalous titrations with cysteine.

PMID- 13689902
TI  - The influence of thiamine and pantothenate upon tissue -SH levels.

PMID- 13689903
TI  - [Behavior of the hepatic nucleic acids in pantothenic acid deficiency in the
      rat].

PMID- 13689904
TI  - [Effects of orotic acid and of methionine on the hepatic content of ribonucleic
      and desoxyribonucleic acids in vitamin B12 deficient chickens].

PMID- 13689905
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the operative technic using the
      transpleurodiaphragmatic approach in an abscess of the right superior-posterior
      subphrenic space].

PMID- 13689906
TI  - [Therapeutic possibilities in menstruation disorders].

PMID- 13689907
TI  - Psychosomatic factors in the rate of recovery from tuberculosis.

PMID- 13689908
TI  - [Duplication of the small intestine in the newborn].

PMID- 13689909
TI  - Chronic idiopathic jaundice. A case report.

PMID- 13689910
TI  - [Pilonidal cyst. Marginal notes on surgical technic].

PMID- 13689911
TI  - Association of placental infarcts with abnormal pregnancy.

PMID- 13689913
TI  - Mothers' health: key to family health.

PMID- 13689912
TI  - [The most frequent psychosomatic disorders in gynecology and obstetrics].

PMID- 13689914
TI  - [The evaluation of operative risk in the elderly heart patient].

PMID- 13689915
TI  - Postoperative vaginal bleeding following vaginal plastic operations.

PMID- 13689916
TI  - [Considerations on the concept of the anorexia nervosa syndrome].

PMID- 13689917
TI  - [Reserpine and orphenadrine in chronic psychoses].

PMID- 13689918
TI  - [Retinitis pigmentosa in oligophrenia with centroencephalic epilepsy.
      (Presentation of a clinical case)].

PMID- 13689919
TI  - Reactions of community agencies and parents to services provided in a clinic for
      retarded children.

PMID- 13689920
TI  - Factors associated with parental reaction to a clinic for retarded children.

PMID- 13689921
TI  - Serum free cholesterol and atheroma in young cockerels.

PMID- 13689922
TI  - The antibacterial activity of new derivatives of 4-aminoquinoline and 4
      aminoquinaldine.

PMID- 13689923
TI  - Intermittent complete left bundle branch block associated with psychological
      factors.

PMID- 13689924
TI  - The effect of early eschar excision upon the nutritional state and rate of wound
      closure of rats with full-thickness thermal burns.

PMID- 13689925
TI  - Enzymes of acetoacetate formation.

PMID- 13689926
TI  - Neurofibroma of the mandible: report of case.

PMID- 13689927
TI  - Management of maxillary fractures.

PMID- 13689928
TI  - Swine repopulation. IV. Influence of management upon the growth of specific
      pathogen-free (SPF) pigs.

PMID- 13689929
TI  - Swinerepopulation. III. Performance of primary specific pathogenfree pigs on
      farms.

PMID- 13689930
TI  - Estimating haemoglobin in general practice.

PMID- 13689931
TI  - Potent hypotensive drugs: comparative analysis of a ganglionic blocking agent and
      two new sympathetic inhibitors in severe hypertension.

PMID- 13689932
TI  - Sulphonamide or antibiotic? A clinical comparison.

PMID- 13689933
TI  - The permeability of the squid giant axon to radioactive potassium and chloride
      ions.

PMID- 13689934
TI  - The use of micro-injection techniques and large nerve and muscle fibres in the
      study of active transport and muscular contraction.

PMID- 13689935
TI  - Pulseless disease. A report on five cases.

PMID- 13689936
TI  - John JEFFRIES.

PMID- 13689937
TI  - The delayed field drive in the raccoon and cat.

PMID- 13689939
TI  - The menopause.

PMID- 13689938
TI  - Oxytocic action of methergine, with special reference to pressor effect.

PMID- 13689940
TI  - [Monolateral otosclerotic deafness].

PMID- 13689941
TI  - Hydranencephaly: plain film findings.

PMID- 13689942
TI  - [Experimental inoculation of the chick embryo by L. icterohemorragiae, L.
      canicola, L. pomona and L. grippo-typhosa serotypes. Study of the complement
      fixation reaction with the aid of the hepatic antigen from the inoculated
      embryo].

PMID- 13689943
TI  - An observation of hydrochlorothiazide in diabetes insipidus.

PMID- 13689944
TI  - Physicochemical and pharmacological properties of beef muscle hydrolysate.

PMID- 13689945
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the efficacy of the L and DL forms of lysine for
      growth of the chick].

PMID- 13689946
TI  - Experience with the Jose Barraquer method of extracting a dislocated lens.

PMID- 13689947
TI  - Determinants of social organization exemplified in a single population of
      domesticated rats.

PMID- 13689948
TI  - Plasmacytoma of mandible. Report of a case.

PMID- 13689949
TI  - Surgical correction of macrocheilia: report of case.

PMID- 13689950
TI  - Imperforate anus: a diagnostic point to remember.

PMID- 13689951
TI  - [On the effect ofx-rays on capillary permeability (A study on the mesentery of
      Rana esculenta)].

PMID- 13689952
TI  - [Necrosis of the adrenal cortex. Anatomopathological profile and pathogenic
      interpretation].

PMID- 13689953
TI  - [Research on the ironbinding function of the blood in patients with blood protein
      disorders].

PMID- 13689954
TI  - [Study of the urinary elimination of 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid in various morbose
      conditions].

PMID- 13689955
TI  - [Behavior of ketonemia and ketonuria in subjects exposed to environmental
      hyperthermia].

PMID- 13689956
TI  - [Biochemical findings in subacute carbon tetrachloride poisoning. Action of
      lipocaic].

PMID- 13689957
TI  - [Further research on subacute experimental poisoning with paradichlorobenzene.
      Effect of some lipotropic factors].

PMID- 13689958
TI  - [On the ascorbic acid content of various organs of the guinea pig in subacute
      poisoning by p-dichlorobenzene].

PMID- 13689959
TI  - [Mixed tumors of the midline of the palate].

PMID- 13689960
TI  - [Otohematoma and serous perichondritis of the external ear].

PMID- 13689961
TI  - [Reversing activity of a new peptide on the humoral and histological picture of
      experimental hypercholesterolemia].

PMID- 13689962
TI  - [Therapeutic activity of 2-sulfanilamido-3-methoxypyrazine in some dermatological
      diseases].

PMID- 13689963
TI  - [Research on the oxidative and glycolytic metabolism of filamentous forms of
      bacteria].

PMID- 13689964
TI  - [Clinical study of a new sulfonamide in infantile infectious processes].

PMID- 13689965
TI  - [Our experience with corticoids in pediatrics].

PMID- 13689966
TI  - A clinical appraisal of the potency and toxicity of mepivacaine hydrochloride
      (Carbocaine).

PMID- 13689967
TI  - [On the present situation of the production, improvement and control of milk in
      Italy].

PMID- 13689968
TI  - Clinical experience with a new saluretic agent, hydroflumethiazide.

PMID- 13689970
TI  - [Some considerations on the concept of psychasthenia].

PMID- 13689969
TI  - [Tonometry (applanation versus impression) and the scleral rigidity coefficient].

PMID- 13689971
TI  - Amyloidosis: preliminary clinical, chemical, and experimental observations.

PMID- 13689972
TI  - Long-term chloroquine therapy in rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 13689973
TI  - Effects of pregnancy and labor on the breathing pattern of the newborn infant.

PMID- 13689974
TI  - The aqueous filtration angle: a phylogenetic and ontogenetic comparative histo
      anatomic study of mamalian eyes.

PMID- 13689975
TI  - Acute peripheral arterial occlusion.

PMID- 13689976
TI  - Bilateral posterior dislocation of the shoulder: report of a case and review of
      the literature.

PMID- 13689977
TI  - Haemolytic anaemia associated with megaloblastic erythropoiesis.

PMID- 13689978
TI  - Septicaemia due to colonization of Spitz-Holter valves by staphylococci. Five
      cases treated with methicillin.

PMID- 13689979
TI  - Alpha-chymotrypsin in cataract surgery: indications, contraindications, and
      complications.

PMID- 13689980
TI  - The arrangement of the conjunctiva in surgery for oculomotor paralysis and
      strabismus.

PMID- 13689982
TI  - Nursing's contribution to medical education.

PMID- 13689981
TI  - Extending hospital services into the home.

PMID- 13689983
TI  - Can hypnosis be used routinely in obstetrics?

PMID- 13689984
TI  - Fecal elimination of estrogens by cattle treated with diethylstilbestrol and
      hexestrol.

PMID- 13689985
TI  - ["Catalase activity" of mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with respiratory
      deficiency].

PMID- 13689986
TI  - [Effects produced by potassium tellurite on the growth of Azobacter in solid
      culture media].

PMID- 13689987
TI  - Relationship between reaction time and electroencephalographic alpha phase.
AB  - Demonstrations of a relationship between human 8 to 13 per second (alpha)
      electroencephalographic activity and simple visual reaction time can be made at
      reliable levels of confidence by (i) sampling reaction times to stimuli given at
      phases of the alpha cycle 10 msec apart, (ii) selecting the phase with the
      slowest reaction times, and (iii) collecting enough reaction times to stimuli at
      this and some other control phase for statistical comparison.

PMID- 13689988
TI  - [Conn's syndrome treated with spirolactone].

PMID- 13689989
TI  - Parasitism by Capillaria hepatica.

PMID- 13689990
TI  - [Illustration of cases of accelerated labor with medical therapy in premature
      detachment of the normally implanted placenta].

PMID- 13689991
TI  - [On the treatment of allergic diseases in pregnancy].

PMID- 13689992
TI  - The normal QRS vectorcardiogram in infants and children from birth to fifteen
      years.

PMID- 13689994
TI  - Supraventricular tachycardia in acute myocardial infarction. Review of the
      literature and report of five cases.

PMID- 13689995
TI  - Congenital tricuspid stenosis. The diagnostic value of cineangiocardiography and
      hepatic pulse tracing.

PMID- 13689996
TI  - Pulsations of the liver in heart disease.

PMID- 13689997
TI  - Thalassaemia in Britain.

PMID- 13689998
TI  - The augmented histamine test with special reference to achlorhydria.
AB  - The Kay augmented histamine test has been used in a special study of 30 patients
      with pernicious anaemia and 136 other subjects suspected of having achlorhydria.
      The findings have been correlated with uropepsinogen excretion, serum levels of
      vitamin B(12), and gastric biopsy. The definition of achlorhydria is specially
      considered.

PMID- 13689999
TI  - Some metabolic and haematological effects of oesophagojejunostomy with by-pass of
      the stomach.
AB  - Twelve subjects have been studied in whom oesophago-jejunostomy had been
      performed leaving the stomach in situ. All had considerable metabolic disturbance
      with steatorrhoea and inability to absorb vitamin B(12), and the operation has
      been abandoned in favour of oesophagojejuno-gastrostomy.

PMID- 13690000
TI  - [Incidence of bronchial asthma in university students].

PMID- 13690001
TI  - [A physiological, unrecognized writing technic].

PMID- 13690002
TI  - [To write easily and readably].

PMID- 13690003
TI  - [The anatomophysiopathological problem of demyelinization caused by carbon
      monoxide].

PMID- 13690004
TI  - [Contribution to the psychopathological problem of demonopathy].

PMID- 13690005
TI  - Replacement of adrenaline and noradrenaline in the adrenal gland of the rat,
      following depletion and redepletion with reserpine.

PMID- 13690006
TI  - [The Schick test and the child population of Barcelona].

PMID- 13690007
TI  - [Historical medical disease pictures and self-descriptions of illnesses from the
      last days of prominent figures of the past. A selection].

PMID- 13690008
TI  - [On the early history of American dermatology. 2. Leading physicians from the
      time of the flowering of the science of dermatology in the United States (1870
      1920)].

PMID- 13690009
TI  - [Recent publications in American literature. VII. Tumor pathology].

PMID- 13690010
TI  - [Recent publications of the American literature. VI].

PMID- 13690011
TI  - [Scission of the species Culicoides truncorum Edwards (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)
      into 2 species].

PMID- 13690012
TI  - The restrictive effect of bypass grafts upon the occluded major arterial channel
      and its collaterals.

PMID- 13690014
TI  - Necessity for improved foot health services in schools.

PMID- 13690013
TI  - Rapid estimation of fibrinogen in obstetric cases.

PMID- 13690015
TI  - [Gangrene of the eyelids of ickettsial origin].

PMID- 13690016
TI  - Studies in contact dermatitis. XIII. Diesel coolant chromate dermatitis.

PMID- 13690017
TI  - Anaphylactoid purpura from tetracycline.

PMID- 13690018
TI  - Studies in contact dermatitis. IX. Shoe dermatitis.

PMID- 13690019
TI  - Studies in contact dermatitis. XII. Sensitivity to oleyl alcohol.

PMID- 13690020
TI  - Drug reactions with griseofulvin.

PMID- 13690021
TI  - The Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.

PMID- 13690022
TI  - Biological incorporation of implant material in the rat.

PMID- 13690023
TI  - Cleft palate: lengthening of the soft palate following the V-Y repair; a
      radiological and statistical study.

PMID- 13690024
TI  - Exposed delayed primary skin grafts: the effect of cooling at room temperature.

PMID- 13690025
TI  - The mobility of the soft palate: a radiological and statistical study.

PMID- 13690026
TI  - Observations on renal homotransplantation.

PMID- 13690027
TI  - Mast cells in keloids.

PMID- 13690028
TI  - [Protein deficiency and the thyroid gland. Experimental investigations].

PMID- 13690029
TI  - [Nodular goiter. Clinical and histopathological study of 32 cases].

PMID- 13690030
TI  - [On the use of ultrashort-acting barbiturate anesthetics in obstetrics].

PMID- 13690031
TI  - [Considerations on cutaneous chromodiffusion in neurological patients].

PMID- 13690032
TI  - Complications of carotid manipulation.

PMID- 13690033
TI  - Femoral neuropathy.

PMID- 13690034
TI  - Fistula formation between the duodenum and colon. A report of three cases and a
      review of the condition.

PMID- 13690035
TI  - Myiasis from the tumbufly: two cases recorded in Britain.

PMID- 13690036
TI  - Arthritism.

PMID- 13690037
TI  - Nursing care of patients with radium implants.

PMID- 13690038
TI  - Partial hepatectomy for benign hepatoma. Report of a case.

PMID- 13690039
TI  - The efficiency of small gas absorbers.

PMID- 13690040
TI  - [Tuberculosis of the esophagus disclosed by a right recurrent nerve paralysis].

PMID- 13690041
TI  - [Study, by transcortical electrodes, of certain arrest reactions in the rabbit].

PMID- 13690042
TI  - [Cartilaginous plastic repair of the cervical trachea].

PMID- 13690043
TI  - [Relation of unitary discharges to spontaneous cerebral waves and cortical
      polarization].

PMID- 13690044
TI  - [Electrical activity detected at various levels of the cerebral cortex].

PMID- 13690045
TI  - [7 cases of parathyroidal osteosis, Critical study of adenomectomy and its
      sequelae].

PMID- 13690046
TI  - [The 5th day syndrome after appendectomy].

PMID- 13690047
TI  - [Convalescence after grave hemorrhagic acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 13690048
TI  - [Spontaneous external biliary fistulas after Jean-Louis Petit's phlegmon].

PMID- 13690049
TI  - [Surgical treatment of malleolar fractures].

PMID- 13690050
TI  - [The marginal differentiation of products and the selective behavior of the
      consumer].

PMID- 13690051
TI  - [Aspects of venous circulation in the lower limbs of policeman employed in
      traffic control].

PMID- 13690052
TI  - [On the role of muscular tissue in the postphlebitic syndrome].

PMID- 13690053
TI  - [Radiographical findings on the cervical spine in patients of cranial injuries].

PMID- 13690054
TI  - [Our experience with stenosis of Vater's papilla].

PMID- 13690055
TI  - Quantum conversion in photosynthesis.

PMID- 13690056
TI  - Detection of iodine compounds by paper chromatography.

PMID- 13690057
TI  - [Concerning when and how it is advisable to apply anticoagulant therapy in acute
      thromboembolic cerebrovascular accidents].

PMID- 13690058
TI  - [Personal contribution to the treatment of pertrochanteric fractures of the
      femur].

PMID- 13690059
TI  - [The behavior of the mastocyte system of the irradiated rat before endoperitoneal
      injection of antihistaminics, hyaluric acid and cortisome derivatives. II].

PMID- 13690061
TI  - [Behavior of antioxin in splenectomized rabbits after immunization with
      diphtheria anatoxin].

PMID- 13690060
TI  - [The mastocyte system of the rat peritoneum after roentgen irradiation and after
      scalding. I].

PMID- 13690062
TI  - [Toxic and acquired cutaneous porphyrias caused by hexachlorobenzene].

PMID- 13690063
TI  - Studies in experimental hypercholesterolemia. III. State of plasma proteins and
      liver nucleic acids in rats fed extraneous cholesterol with different dietary
      fats.

PMID- 13690064
TI  - [Acute appendicitis in childhood. Some considerations on 1824 patients operated
      on in the Servicio de Urgencia Infantil].

PMID- 13690065
TI  - An experimental study on the action of bile in the normal dog and its protective
      role in dogs with ulcerogenic operation.

PMID- 13690066
TI  - [Apropos of 3 cases of grave hepatopathy with recovery in dystrophic infants].

PMID- 13690067
TI  - [Treatment of a pseudohermaphrodite].

PMID- 13690068
TI  - [Hysterectomy during pregnancy and puerperium].

PMID- 13690069
TI  - Carcinoma of the esophagus as a complication of megaesophagus. An analysis of
      seven cases.

PMID- 13690070
TI  - [Obesity].

PMID- 13690071
TI  - [The ammonia level of human biological fluids. I. In normal conditions].

PMID- 13690072
TI  - [Histological aspects of the collateral circulation of the lung in congenital
      heart diseases].

PMID- 13690073
TI  - [Research on the nature and pathogenesis of electroencephalographic changes in
      liver disease].

PMID- 13690074
TI  - Liver changes in chronic gastroduodenitis.

PMID- 13690075
TI  - [Glucuronides of bilirubin in hepatic pathology (clinical and experimental
      research)].

PMID- 13690076
TI  - [Apropos of flight in phrenasthenics].

PMID- 13690077
TI  - [A case of suicide by liquid gas].

PMID- 13690078
TI  - Education of the public in Turkey, and the importance of the child.

PMID- 13690079
TI  - Photography of transilluminated intracranial lesions in infants.

PMID- 13690080
TI  - Sampling, analysis and instrumentation in the field of air pollution.

PMID- 13690081
TI  - [Influence of various miotics in current use on ocular rigidity].

PMID- 13690082
TI  - [Visual acuity of amblyopic eyes in reduced illumination].

PMID- 13690083
TI  - [Research on the predilection of uniocular myopia for the right eye].

PMID- 13690084
TI  - [Kanamycin for topical use in dermatology].

PMID- 13690085
TI  - [Oral BCG and Mitsuda reaction in school children].

PMID- 13690086
TI  - [A vaccination against measles].

PMID- 13690088
TI  - [Physiology of the cerebral circulation].

PMID- 13690087
TI  - [Nervous manifestations of hypocalcemia].

PMID- 13690089
TI  - [Syndromes of paraneoplastic adrenal hypercorticism].

PMID- 13690090
TI  - [Reflections on "stress"].

PMID- 13690091
TI  - [Adamantinoma of the mandible. Additional anatomoclinical contribution].

PMID- 13690092
TI  - [Considerations on the so-called giant cell tumors of the joints].

PMID- 13690093
TI  - [Partial patellectomy in the treatment of fracture of the kneecap in aged
      persons].

PMID- 13690094
TI  - [Colorimetric method for the determination of microquantities of uranium in
      organic and inorganic materials by means of 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN)].

PMID- 13690095
TI  - [Unsaturated fatty acids and fibrinolytic power].

PMID- 13690096
TI  - [Action of some unsaturated fatty acids on the fibrinolytic potential of the
      plasma].

PMID- 13690097
TI  - [Effect of muscular work on the fibrinolytic potential of the plasma].

PMID- 13690098
TI  - [Radiological aspects of chronic cor pulmonale].

PMID- 13690099
TI  - [Presence of aspergillar conidiophores in 2 cases of pulmonary mycosis].

PMID- 13690100
TI  - [A case of chondromatosis of the hands].

PMID- 13690101
TI  - Detection of cancer and adenomas of the colon. The diagnostic value of fecal
      blood tests.

PMID- 13690102
TI  - The value of cytologic studies during proctosigmoidoscopy for the detection of
      carcinoma of the colon.

PMID- 13690103
TI  - Postoperative complications following surgery upon patients with malignant tumor.

PMID- 13690104
TI  - Angioma of the larynx in laryngeal stridor of infancy.

PMID- 13690105
TI  - The fine structure of osteoblasts in the metaphysis of the tibia of the young
      rat.
AB  - The appearance of osteoblasts after fixation with OsO(4) is described in this
      paper. They have the basic structures found in other types of cells. The most
      striking feature is the array of rough-surfaced membranes of the endoplasmic
      reticulum; this feature is in keeping with the osteoblast's function of producing
      collagen as the bone grows. The sacs formed by these membranes probably represent
      the protein-containing granules described by other workers using the light
      microscope. They contain fine fibrillary material, and similar fibrils are to be
      found free in the cytoplasm. These fibrils could be tropocollagen units, although
      fibrils recognizable as collagen by their structure are found only outside the
      cell. The arrangement of the cell organelles does not seem to be related to the
      formation of collagen, but correlation of the fine structures of the cells with
      the histochemical and cytochemical findings in these cells reported by other
      workers leaves no doubt that they are directly concerned in the production of the
      organic matrix. It has not been possible to show that osteoblasts influence the
      passage of calcium or phosphate ions from the blood to the bone matrix.

PMID- 13690106
TI  - A further report on the effects of repetition of verbal signals upon human
      behaviour.

PMID- 13690107
TI  - Repetition of verbal signals in therapy.

PMID- 13690108
TI  - Effects of ribonucleic aid on memory.

PMID- 13690109
TI  - The swing of the pendulum.

PMID- 13690110
TI  - Updating antibiotic therapy.

PMID- 13690111
TI  - Seromucoid in the diagnosis of cancer.

PMID- 13690112
TI  - Seromucoid in the diagnosis of jaundice.

PMID- 13690113
TI  - Gout from cyanotic congenital heart disease.

PMID- 13690114
TI  - Pattern of basic nursing education in New Zealand.

PMID- 13690115
TI  - The World Health Organization--the world's most successful international agency.

PMID- 13690116
TI  - The response of the intrahepatic bile-ducts to chemical injury.

PMID- 13690117
TI  - Grafts reflect the differences in growth pattern between extra- and intra-hepatic
      bileducts.

PMID- 13690118
TI  - [The influence of the scientific thought of G. B. Morgagni on the development of
      pathology].

PMID- 13690119
TI  - Relations between cell growth and cell division. V. Cell and macronuclear volumes
      of Tetrahymena pyriformis HSM during the cell life cycle.

PMID- 13690120
TI  - Tumours of salivary tissue.
AB  - A clinical study of 401 cases of tumour of salivary tissue has been made and the
      results reported, together with a review of the literature. The histological
      variations of such tumours are classified and discussed.

PMID- 13690122
TI  - Liver scanning.

PMID- 13690121
TI  - Radiation dosimeter utilizing the thermoluminescence of lithium fluoride.
AB  - A dosimeter, with little wavelength dependence and large useful energy range for
      electromagnetic radiation, which is simple to use and read, has been developed.
      It appears to have applications in personnel monitoring as well as radiation
      research.

PMID- 13690123
TI  - Child psychiatry.

PMID- 13690124
TI  - The role of the psychiatrist in an approved school.

PMID- 13690125
TI  - Hospitals in the Shetlands.

PMID- 13690126
TI  - Pain and temporary failure of function in a kidney at the twentieth week of
      pregnancy.

PMID- 13690127
TI  - Non-traumatic dialysis in the young.

PMID- 13690128
TI  - Home physiotherapy for arthritic patients in rural Saskatchewan: a program of the
      Canadian Arthritis and Rheumatism Society (Saskatchewan Division).

PMID- 13690129
TI  - Introjection, reprojection, and hallucination in the interaction between
      schizophrenic patient and therapist.

PMID- 13690131
TI  - A paradigm of psychologic theories.

PMID- 13690130
TI  - Congenital biliary atresia.

PMID- 13690133
TI  - County psychiatric emergency services.

PMID- 13690132
TI  - The use of Rauwolfia canescens in preeclampsia.

PMID- 13690134
TI  - [Functional recovery in subjects treated with endocavitary aspiration].

PMID- 13690135
TI  - [Neurogenic tumors].

PMID- 13690136
TI  - [Surgical treatment of vascular diseases].

PMID- 13690137
TI  - [A case of isolated tumor of the ureter treated by local resection].

PMID- 13690138
TI  - Gas in the fetal circulation--reliable antepartum roentgen sign of fetal death.

PMID- 13690140
TI  - [Summer diarrhea].

PMID- 13690139
TI  - Response of lactic acid bacteria to amino acid derivatives. 5. L-, DL- and D
      valic acids.

PMID- 13690141
TI  - The use of antihistamine drugs in threatened abortion.

PMID- 13690142
TI  - [Concentrations of sodium, potassium and calcium in the serum of the normal
      gravida at term and in physiological puerperium].

PMID- 13690143
TI  - [The effects of experimental atelectasis on bronchial circulation of the lung].

PMID- 13690144
TI  - [The changes in bronchial circulation after ligation of the pulmonary artery].

PMID- 13690145
TI  - Leiomyosarcoma of the esophagus: review of the literature and report of two
      cases.

PMID- 13690146
TI  - [Investigation of lactose in urine].

PMID- 13690147
TI  - [A case of congenital diverticulum of the ureter in a 3-month-old infant].

PMID- 13690149
TI  - Frequency of meningoencephalitis and hydrocephalus in dogs.

PMID- 13690148
TI  - [Partial nephrectomy on a solitary kidney for adenocarcinoma].

PMID- 13690150
TI  - Is the perivascular oligodendrocyte another element controlling the blood supply
      to neurons?

PMID- 13690151
TI  - Reappraisal of the perivascular distribution of oligodendrocytes.

PMID- 13690152
TI  - The distribution of oligodendrocytes in cerebral gray and white matter of several
      mammals.

PMID- 13690153
TI  - [Operative technic for the use of the intramyocardial electrode in the treatment
      of spontaneous auriculo-ventricular block. (Problems raised by the first attempts
      at clinical use)].

PMID- 13690155
TI  - Visual responses in crayfish. I. Recording shock responses to light with remote
      electrodes.

PMID- 13690156
TI  - [On the use of dexamethasone in tuberculosis and other lung diseases].

PMID- 13690154
TI  - [Descriptive and experimental research on the organogenesis of the wing bud of
      the chick embryo].

PMID- 13690157
TI  - [On the treatment of exudative pleurisy and other pleural effusions with
      corticosteroids].

PMID- 13690159
TI  - Maintenance and implementation of standards required in the operation of a safe
      blood transfusion service.

PMID- 13690158
TI  - [Supplementary corticosteroid treatment in lung abscesses].

PMID- 13690160
TI  - Carcinoid tumor of Meckel's diverticulum.

PMID- 13690161
TI  - Studies on headache. Electroenceph-alographic abnormalities in patients with
      vascular headache of the migraine type.

PMID- 13690162
TI  - Demonstration of alkaline phosphatase by starch gel electrophoresis. Preliminary
      report of new staining method.

PMID- 13690163
TI  - [Action inhibiting the uptake of glucose by the isolated rat diaphragm exercised
      by plasma of human subjects during spontaneous or induced hypoglycemia].

PMID- 13690164
TI  - [Search for anti-insulin factors, destructible by freezing, in the blood of
      patients with anacidotic fat diabetes].

PMID- 13690165
TI  - [Hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. First results obtained in our country
      with triparanol].

PMID- 13690166
TI  - [Cholesterol-reducing substances].

PMID- 13690167
TI  - [Preoperative treatment of the diabetic].

PMID- 13690168
TI  - [Pentobarbital sodium, drug for prevention of status epilepticus in
      neurosurgery].

PMID- 13690170
TI  - [Electrolyte changes determined by intestinal lavages utilized in the preparation
      of colons for radiological examination, in patients with chronic diarrhea].

PMID- 13690169
TI  - [Attempts with sodium 4-hydrobutyrate in narco-analgesia].

PMID- 13690171
TI  - [Functional aspects of the kidney in potassium deficiency in the intestinal
      malabsorption syndrome].

PMID- 13690172
TI  - [Clinical and experimental studies on diphtheria. IV. Hemogram in diphtheria].

PMID- 13690173
TI  - [Tungiasis. Considerations on a case with intense infestation].

PMID- 13690174
TI  - Will you be there?

PMID- 13690175
TI  - Pyelonephritis: present diagnostic possibilities.

PMID- 13690176
TI  - [Relations of gout to the metabolism and pharmacology of sulfur].

PMID- 13690177
TI  - The importance of functional disorders of the extrahepatic biliary tracts in the
      syndrome of minor hepatic insufficiency.

PMID- 13690178
TI  - [Errors and prejudices of public opinion in the hepatological field].

PMID- 13690179
TI  - [The thyroid in Masugi's experimental nephropathy. Histological and functional
      aspects in the nephritic rat].

PMID- 13690180
TI  - [The behavior of serum haptoglobin in ictero-hemoglobinuric favism].

PMID- 13690181
TI  - [The metabolism of iron hemochromatosis. Research using Fe 59].

PMID- 13690182
TI  - Compensated and uncompensated hyperhaemolysis in hereditary elliptocytosis.

PMID- 13690183
TI  - [Observations on the morphology of hypothalamo-neurohypophysial secretion].

PMID- 13690184
TI  - [Renal morphological changes in the rat after administration of sodium chloride
      and water].

PMID- 13690185
TI  - [Effects of 4-chlorotestosterone on bone growth. (Radiographical and histological
      study in the rat)].

PMID- 13690186
TI  - [Histomorphological, histochemical and electron microscopic study of the
      neurohypophysis in various function conditions. Experimental research in the
      rat].

PMID- 13690187
TI  - [Periosteal sanguine vascular hamartoma of the tibia].

PMID- 13690188
TI  - [Sulfhydryl groups and neoplasms (histochemical observations)].

PMID- 13690189
TI  - [Transposition of the extensor carpi ulnaris pro supinatori].

PMID- 13690190
TI  - [The intrasplenic injection of oxygenated water and its effects on the
      erythrocytes].

PMID- 13690191
TI  - Studies on wound healing: I. Metabolism of 35S in 'repair tissue' of skin wounds
      during the various phases of healing.

PMID- 13690192
TI  - [Serum glycoproteins in some blood diseases (chronic leukosis, acute leukosis,
      malignant lymphogranulomas, plasmocytomas). Total hexoses bound to proteins,
      mucoproteins, hexosamines].

PMID- 13690193
TI  - [Thromboelastographic findings in multiple sclerosis].

PMID- 13690194
TI  - The Rose Bradford kidney. Familial occurrence.

PMID- 13690195
TI  - Sensitive mutants of bacteriophage lambda.

PMID- 13690196
TI  - Tumours in children. A survey carried out in the Manchester region.

PMID- 13690197
TI  - Distribution and metabolism of methocarbamol.

PMID- 13690198
TI  - The association of lung cancer and tuberculosis.

PMID- 13690199
TI  - The manufacture of griseofulvin.

PMID- 13690200
TI  - The relationship between cancer and tuberculosis mortality rates.

PMID- 13690201
TI  - The rigid form of Huntington's disease.

PMID- 13690202
TI  - The factor of safety in the nervous system.

PMID- 13690203
TI  - Effects of prior shock on the emotionality of young rats in an open field.

PMID- 13690204
TI  - Activity, weight loss, and survival time of food-deprived rats as a function of
      age.

PMID- 13690205
TI  - Erythropoietin. III. Chemical characterization of highly purified fractions from
      sheep erythropoietin concentrates.

PMID- 13690206
TI  - Spectrophotometric properties of an intermediate in the enzymic hydrolysis of
      glycyldehydrophenylalanine.

PMID- 13690208
TI  - The accuracy of serologic methods in diagnosis.

PMID- 13690207
TI  - Analgesia during labor: a comparison of pentobarbital, meperidine, and morphine.

PMID- 13690209
TI  - Enterobius vermicularis granuloma of pelvis. A case report.

PMID- 13690210
TI  - The symptomatology, clinical course and successful treatment of Papuan elapine
      snake envenomation.

PMID- 13690211
TI  - Factors peculiar to the management of fractures in childhood.

PMID- 13690212
TI  - Congenital localized emphysema.

PMID- 13690213
TI  - A new patient-triggered ventilator: some clinical applications.

PMID- 13690214
TI  - Diuretics and the eye.

PMID- 13690215
TI  - Heart disease and employment. Heart disease and compensability under workmen's
      compensation.

PMID- 13690216
TI  - The doctor's role in workmen's compensation.

PMID- 13690217
TI  - Improved method for collecting and measuring ureteral urine flow in the chicken.

PMID- 13690218
TI  - Modification by bromcresol green or probenecid of the excretion and diuretic
      effect of three mercurial diuretics, Diurgin, chlormerodrin and mercumatilin.

PMID- 13690219
TI  - Modification by bromcresol green or probenecid of urinary excretion of sodium,
      chloride and potassium due to mercaptomerin.

PMID- 13690220
TI  - Renal tubular handling and diuretic effect of mercurial diuretics. A study in the
      chicken.

PMID- 13690221
TI  - The use of pollen grains for the detection of specific antibody.

PMID- 13690222
TI  - The Peoria Home Care Plan.

PMID- 13690223
TI  - Blind variation and selective retention in creative thought as in other knowledge
      processes.

PMID- 13690224
TI  - Muscle weakness caused by bretylium tosylate.

PMID- 13690225
TI  - Electrodiagnosis in the neuromuscular disorders of childhood.

PMID- 13690226
TI  - Single large motor unit action-potentials in myopathies.

PMID- 13690227
TI  - The immediate effects of elastic loads on the breathing of man.

PMID- 13690228
TI  - The ability of man to detect added elastic loads to breathing.

PMID- 13690229
TI  - Blood gas measurements in clinical practice.

PMID- 13690230
TI  - The role of the International Cooperation Administration in international health.

PMID- 13690231
TI  - Ionizing radiation control.

PMID- 13690232
TI  - Retinal vein occlusion; an experimental study.

PMID- 13690233
TI  - The eye of the cat in ophthalmic research.

PMID- 13690234
TI  - Effect of size of pupil on visual acuity.

PMID- 13690235
TI  - The treatment of shark attack.

PMID- 13690236
TI  - The urologist and statistics.

PMID- 13690237
TI  - Continuous epidural analgesia in the treatment of frostbite; a report of three
      cases.

PMID- 13690238
TI  - Perineal reconstruction after vulvectomy.

PMID- 13690239
TI  - Restorative surgery in rehabilitation.

PMID- 13690240
TI  - Effects of exposure to cold on coenzyme A levels in liver tissue.

PMID- 13690241
TI  - Angiographic diagnosis of traumatic head and neck lesions.

PMID- 13690242
TI  - Evaluation of film size in cineradiography.

PMID- 13690243
TI  - Experimental non-dietary cirrhosis in rats.

PMID- 13690244
TI  - Pancreatic, hepatic and vascular changes associated with lower nephron nephrosis
      in rats.

PMID- 13690245
TI  - The effects of adrenalectomy on nondietary cirrhosis in rats.

PMID- 13690246
TI  - Activity of amphotericin B against Candida albicans. Disc sensitivity studies.

PMID- 13690247
TI  - Temporary renal ischemia with immediate and delayed contralateral nephrectomy.

PMID- 13690248
TI  - The causation of postoperative contracture of the vesical neck.

PMID- 13690249
TI  - Evaluation of deaths associated with anesthesia: correlation of clinical,
      toxicologic and pathologic findings.

PMID- 13690250
TI  - Myocardial lesions and granulocytopenia associated with chlorpromazine therapy.
      Liver necrosis resulting from unsuspected carbon tetrachloride poisoning.

PMID- 13690251
TI  - A proposed classification of the leucosis complex and fowl paralysis.

PMID- 13690252
TI  - Variation of liver function in immature fowls and susceptibility to
      seneciphylline.

PMID- 13690253
TI  - Post-masters education in nursing.

PMID- 13690254
TI  - Adenoacanthomas of ovary and uterus occuring as coexistent or sequential primary
      neoplasms.

PMID- 13690255
TI  - Pyrimidine metabolism in parasitic flatworms.

PMID- 13690256
TI  - Studies on tissue arginase and ureogenesis in the elasmobranch, Mustelus canis.

PMID- 13690257
TI  - Estimation of low concentrations of plasma glucose using glucose oxidase.

PMID- 13690258
TI  - Continuous murmurs in cyanotic congenital heart disease.

PMID- 13690259
TI  - Factors in the aetiology of atrial septal defect.

PMID- 13690260
TI  - The aetiology of coarctation of the aorta.

PMID- 13690261
TI  - Indications for and results of surgical treatment of congenital heart disease.

PMID- 13690262
TI  - Place of maternal rubella in the aetiology of congenital heart disease.

PMID- 13690263
TI  - Results of surgical treatment for pulmonary atresia.

PMID- 13690264
TI  - Urologic complications of anorectal and colon surgery.

PMID- 13690265
TI  - Eye health and the school child.

PMID- 13690266
TI  - "Fun therapy" for sick children.

PMID- 13690267
TI  - Aviation medicine to space medicine in four decades.

PMID- 13690268
TI  - The significance of a typical endometrial hyperplasia.

PMID- 13690269
TI  - Golden jubilee of the Biochemical Society.

PMID- 13690270
TI  - The synthesis of proteins by the cytoplasmic components of animal cells.

PMID- 13690271
TI  - The present status of the treatment of premature labor with especial reference to
      the uterine relaxing factor.

PMID- 13690272
TI  - Four cases of carotid-basilar anastomosis associated with central nervous system
      dysfunction.

PMID- 13690273
TI  - Passage of plasma albumin into the intestine of the sheep.

PMID- 13690274
TI  - Studies on the influence of anabolic steroids on experimental atheroma: 17
      alphaethyl-19-nortestosterone (nilevar).

PMID- 13690275
TI  - Choanal atresia. Report of five cases and a review of the recent literature.

PMID- 13690276
TI  - The prophylactic effect of topically applied cedarwood oil on infection with
      Schistosoma mansoni in mice.

PMID- 13690277
TI  - Nature and possible significance of the pigment in fascioloidiasis.

PMID- 13690278
TI  - Vasopressin-resistant diabetes insipidus associated with cytological changes in
      the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei.

PMID- 13690279
TI  - [Considerations on hepatic "clearance" with endogenous bilirubin (HCEB)].

PMID- 13690280
TI  - [Differential capillary permeability dependent on statis pressure in the course
      of diffuse scleroderma (sclerodermia diffusa)].

PMID- 13690281
TI  - Absence of the pulmonary valve. Report of two cases associated with other
      congenital lesions.

PMID- 13690282
TI  - Treatment of bacterial endocarditis: a review of 35 cases.

PMID- 13690283
TI  - Treatment of bacterial endocarditis by oral phenethicillin potassium (Syncillin).

PMID- 13690284
TI  - Staphylococcal endocarditis: report of a case cured by dimethoxyphenyl
      penicillin.

PMID- 13690285
TI  - [Argentum foliatum in the treatment of superficial wounds].

PMID- 13690286
TI  - [Coelomic cysts and lymphatic cysts of the meso-peritoneum. Contribution to the
      histogenetic interpretation].

PMID- 13690287
TI  - [Evolutionary and involutional modifications of the pericystium in relation to
      the age and growth of the hydatid cysts of the lung].

PMID- 13690288
TI  - [Rare tumors of the female genital tract: (a) Adenomatoid and malignant
      mesodermal tumors of the ovary; (b) Mullerian mixed tumor (so-called mesodermal
      mixed tumor) of the uterus].

PMID- 13690289
TI  - [Splenoportographic characteristics of lieno-portal thromboses].

PMID- 13690290
TI  - [Influence of circumscribed cutaneous hyperoxygenation on the biological effect
      of ionizing radiations. Experimental research].

PMID- 13690291
TI  - [Electron microscopic study of the lungs of premature infants who died from
      respiratory distress].

PMID- 13690292
TI  - [Arteria primitiva trigemina. Apropos of a case with traumatic and arteriographic
      complications].

PMID- 13690293
TI  - [Evaluation of the preventive action of 1,1-(3-oxapentamethylene)-biguanide in an
      outbreak of influenza B].

PMID- 13690294
TI  - [Commentary on the work of Dr. Luis Vargas, on "Medico-sanitary considerations on
      eradication"].

PMID- 13690295
TI  - [The viral theory and immunity in relation to tumors].

PMID- 13690297
TI  - [Blood coagulation in blood donors].

PMID- 13690296
TI  - [Spinal cord compression by intraspinal tuberculoma].

PMID- 13690298
TI  - [Work carried out in the field of mycology].

PMID- 13690299
TI  - [Coccidioidomycosis. Commentaries on Venezuelan casuistics].

PMID- 13690300
TI  - The treatment of amblyopia by pleoptic techniques.

PMID- 13690301
TI  - Statistical errors in disintegration rate measurements by the coincidence
      technique.

PMID- 13690302
TI  - Cardiac index in ambulatory patients estimated by precordial dilution curves.

PMID- 13690303
TI  - Simple, new clinical tests of circulation.

PMID- 13690304
TI  - [Acceleration of the development in seasonal diseases. Experiences, in an
      industrial establishment, with an antibiotic preparation].

PMID- 13690305
TI  - Rate of passage of inert particles through the alimentary tract of the cow.

PMID- 13690306
TI  - [A new approach to the surgery of deafness. Artificial stapes].

PMID- 13690308
TI  - [On uterine perforations. 104 cases].

PMID- 13690307
TI  - A consideration of the permeability of cartilage to inorganic sulfate.
AB  - On the basis of an examination of autoradiograms of knee-joints fixed so as to
      remove chondroitin sulfate or inorganic sulfate, or to minimize the loss of both,
      it is suggested that the cartilage is permeable to inorganic sulfate in vivo and
      in vitro. In vivo and in vitro, almost as rapidly as it enters the cartilage,
      inorganic sulfate is utilized by the cells in the synthesis of chondroitin
      sulfate. The net result is a continuing low concentration of inorganic sulfate in
      the cartilage.

PMID- 13690309
TI  - [The phenol red test and prostate operations].

PMID- 13690310
TI  - [Recording of convuisions induced with various drugs in different laboratory
      animals. New technic].

PMID- 13690311
TI  - [Recording the respiratory movements of various experimental animals under the
      influence of volatile anesthetics].

PMID- 13690312
TI  - [Registration of the respiratory movements of the guinea pig and rat in relation
      to the weight of the animal and the volume of the chamber].

PMID- 13690313
TI  - [Registration of the respiratory movements of the mouse].

PMID- 13690314
TI  - [Pharmacology of antibiotics].

PMID- 13690315
TI  - [Clinical data on the action of a new muscle relaxant in labor].

PMID- 13690316
TI  - [Premature infants at the Hospital Clinico de Concepcion (1954-1959)].

PMID- 13690317
TI  - [Considerations on Bowen's disease].

PMID- 13690318
TI  - [Preliminary contribution to the study of the ants (Brachycera) of Ecuador].

PMID- 13690319
TI  - [The files (Brachycera) of Ecuador].

PMID- 13690320
TI  - [Formaldehyde metabolism in rats].

PMID- 13690321
TI  - [Some clinical observations on derivatives of thioxanthene and of
      benzoquinolizine in psychiatry].

PMID- 13690322
TI  - [Study of amino acid absorption and excretion by means of oral protein
      overloading. Use of comparative circular chromatography].

PMID- 13690323
TI  - [Contribution to the clinical study of dimorphous leprosy].

PMID- 13690324
TI  - [Contribution to the clinical study of dimorphous leprosy].

PMID- 13690325
TI  - [Mitsuda antigen prepared with lymph node of a lepromatous patient].

PMID- 13690326
TI  - Anorexia, weakness, restlessness and Parkinsonism associated with hypokalemia
      following radioactive iodine therapy.

PMID- 13690327
TI  - [Incidence of Strongyloides stercoralis in plantation workers of the state of Sao
      Paulo].

PMID- 13690329
TI  - [Progress of cataract surgery in the last decade].

PMID- 13690328
TI  - [Comparative study of the activity of chlorophenoxamide and chlorbetamide on
      Brazilian strains of Endamoeba histolytica and Endamoeba moshkovskii].

PMID- 13690330
TI  - [Effect of mechanical agitation on the production of kojic acid in submerged
      culture].

PMID- 13690331
TI  - [Pernicious anemia and cancer of the stomach].

PMID- 13690332
TI  - Radiography in forensic medicine.

PMID- 13690333
TI  - [Conceptual review of criteria of application of anesthesia in asphyxial states].

PMID- 13690334
TI  - [Histogenetic and clinical aspects of solitary plasmocytoma of the larynx].

PMID- 13690335
TI  - [Lysozyme in the treatment of reactive stomatitis].

PMID- 13690336
TI  - [Severe recurrent epistaxis from lacerations of the trunk of the internal
      maxillary artery in facial injuries].

PMID- 13690337
TI  - [On the treatment of arterial hypertension. II. Ganglioplegic substances in acute
      vascular complications].

PMID- 13690338
TI  - [On the treatment of arterial hypertension. Clinical effects of a new synthetic
      drug: guanethidine].

PMID- 13690339
TI  - [The aortic arch syndrome. Nosographical and clinical considerations].

PMID- 13690340
TI  - [Reconstruction of the collateral and crossed ligaments with refrigerated
      heteroplastic tendons].

PMID- 13690341
TI  - [Homoplastic skin grafts in traumatology].

PMID- 13690342
TI  - [Histochemical and biochemical research on experimental heteroplastic bone
      grafts].

PMID- 13690343
TI  - [Determination of amino acids in the serum protein fractions in myelomatosis by
      the combination of electrophoresis with chromatography].

PMID- 13690344
TI  - [Quantitative changes in transaminase, aldolase, and lactic dehydrogenase
      activity occurring in the human endometrium during the menstrual cycle].

PMID- 13690345
TI  - [Correlations between sex differences in skeletal indices and sexual functional
      indices].

PMID- 13690346
TI  - [Chronic polyarthritis in the course of a case of Besnier-Boeck-Schaumann
      sarcoidosis].

PMID- 13690348
TI  - [Fanconi's syndrome in the adult].

PMID- 13690347
TI  - [Diagnosis of subacute articular rheumatism in the adult].

PMID- 13690349
TI  - [The heart in ankylosing spondylarthritis].

PMID- 13690350
TI  - [Norms for immunization in infancy].

PMID- 13690351
TI  - [Modifications of the composition of connective tissue in diabetes].

PMID- 13690352
TI  - [Further cases of human balantidiosis in Tucuman].

PMID- 13690353
TI  - [Action of a deproteinized blood extract on the metabolism of the retina "in
      vitro"].

PMID- 13690354
TI  - [Research on the cerebrospinal fluid trypsin inhibitor in neurological and
      psychiatric patients].

PMID- 13690355
TI  - [Contribution to the study of cadaveric rigidity. Electromyographic research].

PMID- 13690356
TI  - [Outlet abnormality of the pulmonary veins].

PMID- 13690357
TI  - Studies on Sarcina ventriculi. III. Localization of cellulose.

PMID- 13690358
TI  - [Electroencephalographic considerations in 106 cases of cerebral metastasis].

PMID- 13690359
TI  - [Electroencephalographic observations in headache].

PMID- 13690360
TI  - ["Mal aere" and "malaria"].

PMID- 13690361
TI  - Citric acid excretion before and after calcium infusion in normal and
      osteoporotic subjects.

PMID- 13690362
TI  - [Clinical and therapeutic considerations on some cases of acute pancreatic
      necrosis].

PMID- 13690363
TI  - [Agenesis of the gallbladder].

PMID- 13690364
TI  - [The inefficacy of glucosamine in schistomiasis mamsoni].

PMID- 13690365
TI  - [Angiopneumography in suberosis].

PMID- 13690366
TI  - Sodium and potassium in Puerto Rican meats and fish.

PMID- 13690367
TI  - [Focal tonsillitis and collagenoses].

PMID- 13690368
TI  - [Preliminary observations on the use in aerosol therapy of a new thiophenicol
      derivative].

PMID- 13690369
TI  - [Calculosis of the ureter and its endoscopic treatment].

PMID- 13690370
TI  - [Urinary incontinence after prostatectomy].

PMID- 13690371
TI  - [Cylindroma of the trachea].

PMID- 13690372
TI  - [On the clinical aspects of laryngeal and tracheal injury].

PMID- 13690373
TI  - [On the clinical trial of the new antiphlogistic drug G 27,202 in tonsillectomy].

PMID- 13690374
TI  - [2 cases of peptic ulcer].

PMID- 13690375
TI  - [Portal hypertension].

PMID- 13690376
TI  - [Radiology and angiocardiography].

PMID- 13690377
TI  - [Radiotherapy of breast carcinoma].

PMID- 13690378
TI  - Medical education and research: a world perspective.

PMID- 13690379
TI  - Program of the World Health Organization and plans for the future.

PMID- 13690380
TI  - Symposium on world medicine. Epidemiology and world medicine.

PMID- 13690381
TI  - Cartilage in normal kidneys. A case report.

PMID- 13690383
TI  - [Study on changes of the peripheral nerves in obstructive arteriopathies.
      (Morphological and histochemical aspects in arteriosclerotics and patients with
      Buerger's disease)].

PMID- 13690382
TI  - [Onkocytic adenoma of the submaxillary gland].

PMID- 13690384
TI  - [On the mechanism of action of insulin].

PMID- 13690386
TI  - [Tobacco smoking and pulmonary cancer].

PMID- 13690385
TI  - [The chemical composition of Escherichia coli in its phases of development. II.
      Determination of nitrogen].

PMID- 13690387
TI  - [Considerations on 2 cases of afibrinogenemia in obstetrics].

PMID- 13690388
TI  - [Response of the vaginal effector to stimulation with progestatives.
      Cytohistochemical and histophotometric evaluation].

PMID- 13690389
TI  - [Data on estrogen metabolism in pregnant women carrying giant fetuses].

PMID- 13690390
TI  - [The effects of organ extract therapy in vascular changes of old age].

PMID- 13690391
TI  - Stress incontinence of urine following successful repair of vaginal urinary
      fistulae.

PMID- 13690392
TI  - Use of trimeprazine in dogs and cats.

PMID- 13690393
TI  - [A contribution to the recognition of the etiology and pathogenesis of localized
      periarteritis nodosa].

PMID- 13690394
TI  - [On a large ectopic splenic nodule on the left testicle].

PMID- 13690395
TI  - [The histogenesis and the nature of adamantinoma of the maxilla].

PMID- 13690396
TI  - [Fibrinolysis in acute carbon monoxide poisoning. Experimental research].

PMID- 13690397
TI  - [Comparative study of 6 indirect anticoagulants in the thromboembolic diseases of
      presenile and senile ages in relation to the control of therapy].

PMID- 13690398
TI  - [Action of methyl methionine sulfonium chloride on blood crasis in the white rat.
      Important platelet findings].

PMID- 13690399
TI  - [On 2 cases of intermittent menstrual thrombopenic purpura].

PMID- 13690401
TI  - [Traumatic lesions of the meniscus of the knee observed in the Istituto Rizzoli
      from 1899 to 1959 (443 cases). Clinico-statistical considerations and remote
      results].

PMID- 13690400
TI  - The biosynthesis of trehalose in the locust fat body.

PMID- 13690402
TI  - [Congenital tumors of the nervous system. I. Epidermoid and dermoid cysts].

PMID- 13690404
TI  - [Absorption of vitamin B12 in funicular myelosis. Study of radiocyanocobalamine
      absorption in 16 cases].

PMID- 13690403
TI  - [Multiple paralysis of the cranial nerves produced by neoplasms of the base of
      the cranium].

PMID- 13690405
TI  - [Congenital tumors of the nervous system. II. Craniopharyngiomas].

PMID- 13690406
TI  - [Corticotropin and corticoids in neurology. Therapeutic results in 241 cases].

PMID- 13690407
TI  - A-V dissociation with interference in transient A-V block and left bundle branch
      block.

PMID- 13690408
TI  - [Chronic cor pulmonale].

PMID- 13690409
TI  - Studies on s-RNA synthesis. II. Assay and method of purification of s-RNA alpha,
      beta and gamma.

PMID- 13690410
TI  - s-RNA synthesis. IV. The effect of inorganic pyrophosphate and a method for the
      extraction of s-RNA.

PMID- 13690411
TI  - [Clinical study of mephenoxalone (Moderamin) in various syndromes of psychogenic
      etiology and psychiatric treatments].

PMID- 13690412
TI  - [Traumatic malleolar lesions in childhood].

PMID- 13690413
TI  - [Inflammatory processes of the cranial bones in early childhood].

PMID- 13690414
TI  - [Medicolegal principles of medical deontology].

PMID- 13690415
TI  - [Preliminary report on the clinical trial of phenoformin in the treatment of
      diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 13690416
TI  - [Cholangiolitic jaundice during treatments with hypoglycemic drugs].

PMID- 13690417
TI  - [Evaluation of 7 hypoglycemic drugs in the treatment of diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 13690418
TI  - [The teaching of psychology in the training of physicians].

PMID- 13690419
TI  - [Maternal and fetal blood to copherols in premature and prolonged pregnancy.
      Experimental research].

PMID- 13690420
TI  - [Blood levels of vitamin E in the infant. Experimental research].

PMID- 13690421
TI  - [Lead poisoning in the infant. A case due to the para-nipple use of Pb].

PMID- 13690422
TI  - [Considerations on a peculiar aspect (spatial overturn in copied drawings) of a
      probable right parietal syndrome].

PMID- 13690423
TI  - [Bilateral centrocecal scotoma in a case of parasagittal parietal meningioma].

PMID- 13690424
TI  - [Treatment of chronic intestinal amebiasis with a phenanthroline-quinone
      derivative, 4,7-phenanthroline-5,6-quinone].

PMID- 13690425
TI  - [Gonadal function in the male. Osteo-articular repercussion].

PMID- 13690426
TI  - [Theoretical and constructive principles of a design for lyophilization].

PMID- 13690427
TI  - [Percentage of isoniazid-resistant and streptomycin-resistant variants in wild
      strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on Loewenstein-Jensen medium].

PMID- 13690428
TI  - [Resistance of the Koch bacillus in tuberculous lesions].

PMID- 13690429
TI  - [Anatomopathological findings in acute titanium poisoning].

PMID- 13690430
TI  - [Electrophoretic changes of the serum proteins in experimental acute titanium
      poisoning].

PMID- 13690431
TI  - The use of hypnotic suggestion for pain relief in malignant disease.

PMID- 13690432
TI  - [The Montpellier school judged by August Comte].

PMID- 13690433
TI  - Circumcision of the newborn.

PMID- 13690434
TI  - The total approach to surgical treatment of acute hand injuries.

PMID- 13690435
TI  - [Research on mitral stenosis by means of phonocardiography with high speed
      registration].

PMID- 13690436
TI  - High speed phonocardiography in aortic insufficiency.

PMID- 13690437
TI  - High speed phonocardiography. An approach to the frequency analysis of the
      vibrations originating in the heart.

PMID- 13690438
TI  - High speed phonocardiography: analysis of the vibrations of the heart sounds and
      murmurs.

PMID- 13690439
TI  - On the pathogenesis of fragilitas ossium hereditaria.

PMID- 13690440
TI  - [A case of insulin-resistance to bovine insulin caused by neutralizing antibodies
      with normal sensitivity to pork].

PMID- 13690441
TI  - Geographic dermatology: Mexico and Central America. The influence of geographic
      factors on skin diseases.

PMID- 13690442
TI  - [Fetal hazards in various hormonal treatments in a pregnant woman].

PMID- 13690443
TI  - Epidemiologic aspects of poisoning accidents.

PMID- 13690444
TI  - Accidental ingestion and overdosage involving psychopharmacologic drugs.

PMID- 13690445
TI  - Fatal acute chloroquine poisoning in children.

PMID- 13690446
TI  - Fatality from acute dinitrophenol derivative poisoning.

PMID- 13690448
TI  - Theory of isomerization equilibrium in electrophoresis. II.

PMID- 13690447
TI  - Mushroom poisoning.

PMID- 13690449
TI  - Electrophoretic demonstration of specific enzyme-substrate complex between pepsin
      and serum albumin.

PMID- 13690450
TI  - Effect of binding of ions and other small molecules on protein structure. VII.
      The role of aliphatic acid binding and of convection in the electrophoresis of
      serum albumin at low pH.

PMID- 13690451
TI  - [General pharmacological activity and antitoxic properties of the
      dimercaptosuccinic acids: (1) Meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DTS, DMS, Ro 1
      7977)].

PMID- 13690452
TI  - [The pharmacology of dithiosuccinic acids].

PMID- 13690453
TI  - [Action of "rinodes" in allergic diseases of the air passages].

PMID- 13690455
TI  - [Infections and senescence].

PMID- 13690454
TI  - [On a case of spinous verruca of the larynx].

PMID- 13690456
TI  - [Infectious diseases in old age].

PMID- 13690457
TI  - The role of civil defense in national strategy.

PMID- 13690458
TI  - Two new microsporidian parasites of the winter moth, Operophtera brumata (L.).

PMID- 13690459
TI  - Cystic calcification in the kidney;its occurrence in malignant renal tumors.

PMID- 13690460
TI  - Facial pain and neuralgia.

PMID- 13690461
TI  - The quality of your time.

PMID- 13690462
TI  - Numbness of the hand: tardy median palsy or carpal tunnel syndrome.

PMID- 13690463
TI  - Carcinoma of the cervix. A clinical review of the treatment and results in 215
      cases.

PMID- 13690464
TI  - An abscess of the great omentum.

PMID- 13690466
TI  - Rapid identification of coagulase-producing staphylococci.

PMID- 13690465
TI  - Hydatidiform mole in a twin pregnancy.

PMID- 13690467
TI  - Rapid identification of coagulase-producing staphylococci.

PMID- 13690468
TI  - The present status of aortoiliac endarterectomy for obliterative athero
      sclerosis.

PMID- 13690469
TI  - Experience with a new electro-magnetic flow-meter for use in blood-flow
      determinations in surgery.

PMID- 13690471
TI  - The rate of translocation.

PMID- 13690470
TI  - The metabolic rate and heat loss of fat and thin men in heat balance in cold and
      warm water.

PMID- 13690472
TI  - [Study of electrolyte balance in the prostigmine-curare syndrome (experimental
      study)].

PMID- 13690473
TI  - [Apropos of a case of pulmonary chorioepithelioma].

PMID- 13690474
TI  - [Sudden deafness or deafness of rapid onset].

PMID- 13690475
TI  - [Antitumoral chemotherapy as a supplement in the surgery of cancer].

PMID- 13690476
TI  - [Cancerology].

PMID- 13690477
TI  - [Geographical pathology of cancer].

PMID- 13690478
TI  - [Symposium on chemotherapy of cancer].

PMID- 13690479
TI  - [The private medical consulting-room as the unit for early diagnosis of cancer].

PMID- 13690480
TI  - [Microelectrodes, bases for their clinical use].

PMID- 13690481
TI  - [Osmolar problems in childhood].

PMID- 13690482
TI  - [On the socalled essential systemic reticuloendothelioses with special reference
      to osseous eosinophilic granuloma].

PMID- 13690483
TI  - [Contribution to the study of pulmonary localizations of Besnier-Boeck-Schaumann
      disease].

PMID- 13690484
TI  - [Gastric localizations of hemoblastoses: clinical, radiological and therapeutic
      considerations on 39 cases].

PMID- 13690485
TI  - [Parietography of the large intestine].

PMID- 13690486
TI  - [The cerebrospinal fluid enzyme picture in the first and second stages of
      childhood. Glutamic-oxalacetic and glutamic-pyruvic transaminases, lactic and
      malic dehydrogenases and aldolase].

PMID- 13690487
TI  - [Combination of antibiotics in pediatric practice].

PMID- 13690488
TI  - [Guillain-Barre polyradiculoneuritis in a 2-month-old infant treated with
      dexamethazone].

PMID- 13690489
TI  - [Abnormal effects in the therapeutic action of sex steroids].

PMID- 13690490
TI  - [Considerations on a still little-known chapter of obstetrical physiopatholgy:
      the orthopedic aspects of prenatal life].

PMID- 13690491
TI  - [Considerations on the therapeutic action of natural sulfur in solution in
      subacute and chronic inflammation of the female genital organs].

PMID- 13690492
TI  - [Current trends in the therapeutic problem of late abortions and premature
      labor].

PMID- 13690494
TI  - [Modern orientative criteria for diagnosis and prognosis of late abortion and
      premature labor].

PMID- 13690493
TI  - [Effect of antiblastic chemotherapy on pregnancy and the product of conception
      (clinico-experimental study)].

PMID- 13690495
TI  - [Recent acquisitions on the subject of intersexual states: the feminizing
      testicle].

PMID- 13690496
TI  - [New therapeutic trends in threatened abortion during the 2d and 3d trimester of
      pregnancy (clinical study)].

PMID- 13690497
TI  - [Endocavitary aspiration applied in clinico-functional situations not amenable to
      any other treatment].

PMID- 13690498
TI  - Uracil incorporation in liver RNA of young and pregnant rats and in RNA of fetal
      tissues and certain tumors.

PMID- 13690499
TI  - [Contribution to biological studies in the syndrome of acute alcoholism (research
      on erythrocyte catalase)].

PMID- 13690500
TI  - [Contribution to the biological study of amentia. Reaction of the Thorn test in
      relation to the clinical course of this disease. II].

PMID- 13690501
TI  - Effect of interferon on experimental vaccinia and herpes-simplex virus infections
      in rabbits' eyes.

PMID- 13690503
TI  - Role of inhibitors in hemagglutination behavior of mumps virus. Further studies.

PMID- 13690502
TI  - Production and action of interferon in HeLa cells.

PMID- 13690504
TI  - Stability of mumps virus at 35 degrees C.

PMID- 13690506
TI  - The relationship between authoritarian attitudes and attitudes toward mental
      patients.

PMID- 13690505
TI  - Renal tubular acidosis.

PMID- 13690507
TI  - Pneumonia in erythema multiforme exudativum. Report of a case and a review of the
      literature.

PMID- 13690508
TI  - Current concepts in the pathogenesis and management of cirrhotic ascites.

PMID- 13690509
TI  - [Non-surgical treatment of hyperthyroidism].

PMID- 13690510
TI  - Bicarbonate-induced synthesis of polysaccharide during morphogenesis by
      synchronous, single-generations of blastocladiella emersonii.

PMID- 13690511
TI  - A role for glycine in light stimulated nucleic acid synthesis by Blastocladiella
      emersonii.

PMID- 13690512
TI  - Comments on etiological factors in cerebral palsy.

PMID- 13690513
TI  - Granulosa and theca cell tumors of the ovary.

PMID- 13690514
TI  - Effect of training on proteinuria following muscular exercise.

PMID- 13690515
TI  - [Modification of various enzyme activities during the regeneration of blood
      proteins in the perfused frog].

PMID- 13690516
TI  - [Modifications of the beta/alpha ratio of the serum lipoproteins in alimentary
      hyperlipidemia of the rat induced by acid aminopolysaccharide obtained from the
      gastric mucosa of the pig].

PMID- 13690517
TI  - [The intra-arterial use of curare in traumatology].

PMID- 13690518
TI  - Spermine fractionation of soluble ribonucleic acid of rabbit liver.

PMID- 13690519
TI  - The heart in industry.

PMID- 13690521
TI  - A case of unrecognised tetany.

PMID- 13690520
TI  - Methods of dietary assessment in current epidemiologic studies of cardiovascular
      diseases.

PMID- 13690522
TI  - Neurological diagnosis in geriatric practice.

PMID- 13690523
TI  - Motor performance of defectives as a function of competition with same- and
      opposite-sex opponents.

PMID- 13690524
TI  - Some issues involved in Category VII of the AAMD Terminology and Classification
      Manual.

PMID- 13690525
TI  - Silicone rubber intestinal decompression tubes. An experimental study.

PMID- 13690526
TI  - Siliconizing intestinal decompression tubes.

PMID- 13690527
TI  - [Unusual EEG aspects following hemispherectomy].

PMID- 13690528
TI  - [A case of osteogenesis imperfecta, Porak and Durante disease. Congenital,
      sporadic form].

PMID- 13690529
TI  - Chromosome anomalies in man.

PMID- 13690530
TI  - [Considerations on the adequacy of the Italian legislative system in relation to
      the prevention of alcoholism].

PMID- 13690531
TI  - Noise from high-speed dental handpieces.

PMID- 13690532
TI  - Sucrose synthesis from acetate in the germinating castor bean: kinetics and
      pathway.

PMID- 13690533
TI  - [Inhibition of the contractile activity of histamine by copper and copper-amino
      acid complex].

PMID- 13690534
TI  - [Bread comparisons in the physiology of nutrition. Radiological examination of
      gastrointestinal digestion].

PMID- 13690535
TI  - [Breads compared in the physiology of nutrition. I. Radiological examination of
      gastro-intestinal digestion].

PMID- 13690536
TI  - [Studies on the quantitative determination of gastric hydrochloric acid with
      cation exchange resins].

PMID- 13690537
TI  - [The drug list of a pharmacy].

PMID- 13690538
TI  - [Primary ovarian pregnancy].

PMID- 13690539
TI  - [Review of the subject of genital cancer in women].

PMID- 13690540
TI  - [Polycythemia vera in an 11-year-old child. Bone marrow depression after daraprim
      treatment].

PMID- 13690541
TI  - [Unusual course of acute leukemia in a 5-year-old child].

PMID- 13690542
TI  - [Observations on the mitotic density and increase in the cerebellar cortex during
      the morphogenesis of the white rat].

PMID- 13690543
TI  - [Effect of anesthesia on the free amino-acid content of the blood serum].

PMID- 13690544
TI  - [Pre-intra-postoperative parenteral treatment of esophageal stenosis].

PMID- 13690545
TI  - [Pre-, per- and post-operative treatment in colonic surgery].

PMID- 13690546
TI  - [The Nilsson method in the treatment of barbiturate poisoning].

PMID- 13690547
TI  - [Variations in enzyme activity during anesthesia: catalase].

PMID- 13690548
TI  - [The Cuerpo Medico Forense de la Justicia Nacional. Its present organization and
      the importance of its specific functions].

PMID- 13690549
TI  - Serum-vitamin-B12 concentration in the elderly.

PMID- 13690550
TI  - [Development of aviation physiology].

PMID- 13690551
TI  - [On the relationship between the man and the engine in aviation].

PMID- 13690552
TI  - [A puncture apparatus for the aspiration of tissue and other medical procedures
      in prostatic diseases and tissue in urological practice].

PMID- 13690553
TI  - [Angiography of the aorta and of its branches with percutaneous catheterization.
      Indications and results].

PMID- 13690554
TI  - The disorders of function in chronic bronchitis.

PMID- 13690555
TI  - [Considerations on auditory fatigue and adaptation].

PMID- 13690556
TI  - [Auditory fatigue and its adaptation in textile workers].

PMID- 13690557
TI  - Cyclo-arthenol: a miner constituent of linseed oil.

PMID- 13690558
TI  - A hypodermic probe using fibre optics.

PMID- 13690559
TI  - [Radiological study of the changes in respiratory dynamics after pulmonary
      exeresis operations].

PMID- 13690560
TI  - [Stratigraphical study of the lesser circulation after pulmonary exeresis
      operations].

PMID- 13690561
TI  - [A contribution to the diagnosis of Spiegler-Fendt sarcoid or lymphocytoma
      benignum cutis].

PMID- 13690562
TI  - [Clinical contribution to the pathogenesis of malacia of the semilunar bone
      (Kienboeck's disease)].

PMID- 13690563
TI  - [Interstitial pneumonia caused by influenza virus. Histogenetic and
      classification aspects].

PMID- 13690564
TI  - [Myographic and pharmacological study of the effects of stimulation of the
      cerebellum in the thalamic pigeon].

PMID- 13690565
TI  - Epidemiology and control of gonorrhoea in Poland.

PMID- 13690566
TI  - [Behavior of urinary estrogens after general or lumbo-pubic electroshock].

PMID- 13690567
TI  - [Determination and chromatographic fractionation of urinary estrogens.
      Preliminary observations on amenorrhea].

PMID- 13690568
TI  - Patterns of parental response to the crisis of premature birth: a preliminary
      approach to modifying the mental-health outcome.

PMID- 13690569
TI  - Arteriovenous shunt produced by metastatic hypernephroma.

PMID- 13690570
TI  - Evaluation of the eosin slide latex fixation test for rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 13690571
TI  - Presumptive sarcoid: bronchopulmonary disease, polyarthritis and foreign body
      reaction.

PMID- 13690572
TI  - Better operation of dust control systems.

PMID- 13690573
TI  - Case presentation: acute arthritis.

PMID- 13690574
TI  - Xanthoma of the skin. Clinical characteristics in relation to disorders of lipid
      metabolism, and presentation of previously unreported cause for secondary
      hyperlipemic xanthomas.

PMID- 13690575
TI  - The use of mucocutaneous signs in the diagnosis of hoarseness.

PMID- 13690576
TI  - [Nailing of the femoral neck. Simplication of the technic].

PMID- 13690577
TI  - [The mechanical factors in spontaneous abortion. (Diagnostic and therapeutic
      aspects)].

PMID- 13690578
TI  - Goiter and myxedema from iodine.

PMID- 13690579
TI  - The unemployment problems associated with chronic bronchitis in East London.

PMID- 13690580
TI  - [Resistance to inhibition by Ca2 ions of the mitochondria of ascites carcinoma
      cells].

PMID- 13690581
TI  - [Staphylococcal enterocolitis].

PMID- 13690582
TI  - [The CO diffusion capacity of the lung after pulmonary resection].

PMID- 13690583
TI  - [Pulmonary diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide studied with the rebreathing
      method. II. Results in patients with chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma and
      pulmonary emphysema].

PMID- 13690584
TI  - [CO pulmonary diffusion capacity and residual volume studied by a rerespiration
      method. I. Results in normal subjects].

PMID- 13690585
TI  - [The clinical signs of internal carotid thrombosis].

PMID- 13690587
TI  - [Vascular regulations in the spinal cord].

PMID- 13690586
TI  - [Analysis of the waking effect exercised by adrenaline and other sympathomimetic
      amines on the electrocorticogram of the non-anesthetized rabbit].

PMID- 13690588
TI  - [Relation between pulmonary "capillary" pressure and extravascular fluid space].

PMID- 13690589
TI  - [Evaluation of pulmonary extravascular water space using antipyrine in normal
      subjects].

PMID- 13690590
TI  - [The pulmonary extravascular water space in heart diseases with pulmonary
      congestion].

PMID- 13690591
TI  - [Clinical study and study of the metabolism of creatine bodies in heart patients
      treated with inosine].

PMID- 13690592
TI  - [Effect of physical effort on the rheographic quotient in normal subjects].

PMID- 13690593
TI  - [Modifications of the rheographic quotient after pharmacological stimulation. I.
      Action of adrenergic amines].

PMID- 13690594
TI  - [Evaluation of the amplitude of the peripheral rheographic curve in normal
      subjects at rest and after physical exertion].

PMID- 13690596
TI  - [Historia of the Hospital Mar del Plata].

PMID- 13690595
TI  - [On surgery of the juxta-vesical ureter].

PMID- 13690597
TI  - Cancer in the residual stomach after gastric resection for duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 13690598
TI  - [Study of false-positive diagnoses in vaginal smears with the Papanicolaou
      method. (Some non-cancerous lesions of the uterine cervix appear with cytological
      aspects which may lead to positive or suspicious diagnoses)].

PMID- 13690599
TI  - [Clinical contribution to the use of various tranquilizing agents in labor].

PMID- 13690600
TI  - Prevention of postspinal headache with a 22-gauge pencil-point needle and
      adequate hydration.

PMID- 13690601
TI  - Bronchial carcinoma with special regard to the prognosis.

PMID- 13690602
TI  - The effect of obstructive arterial disease on the peripheral arterial blood
      pressure. Registrations from the dorsalis pedis artery of normal persons and
      patients before and after operation.

PMID- 13690603
TI  - [Clinical experiences with Truxal and Hibanil in chronic schizophrenia. A double
      blind experiment].

PMID- 13690604
TI  - Pathologists at the crossroads.

PMID- 13690605
TI  - Some aspects of iron metabolism.

PMID- 13690606
TI  - Some points in the diagnosis of certain tumours of the skin.

PMID- 13690607
TI  - [Extracranial nerve tumors of the cephalic segment. Study of 14 cases].

PMID- 13690608
TI  - [Incidence of syphilis, ethylism and tabagism in patients of cancer of the upper
      respiratory and digestive tracts].

PMID- 13690609
TI  - [Tumors of the submandibular region].

PMID- 13690610
TI  - [Aspecific immunity factors in the hemolymph of Bombyx mori].

PMID- 13690611
TI  - Controlled studies in three pumping systems.

PMID- 13690612
TI  - [Effect of forced feeding on intestinal absorption of glucose in normal and
      adrenalectomized rats].

PMID- 13690613
TI  - [On a particular aspect of the thoracic complications of hepatic echinococcosis:
      cysts of the perforated cupola in the middle pulmonary lobe].

PMID- 13690614
TI  - Alimentary disease. Liver and pancreas - surgical.

PMID- 13690615
TI  - Oesophagus, stomach, and small intestine - surgical.

PMID- 13690616
TI  - [Contribution to the treatment of the premenstrual syndrome].

PMID- 13690617
TI  - [The milk-expulsive activity of synthetic oxytocin].

PMID- 13690618
TI  - [Thyro-ovarian correlations].

PMID- 13690619
TI  - [Thyroid-ovarian correlations].

PMID- 13690620
TI  - The effects of nitric oxide on radiation damage in Drosophila virilis and
      Drosophila melanogaster.

PMID- 13690621
TI  - [Acne: a cutaneous diabetes? Contribution of transcutaneous therapy with
      sulfonylureas having a hypoglycemic action].

PMID- 13690622
TI  - [Glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activity in pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13690623
TI  - [Tubular ionic transport, with special reference to potassium, investigated with
      modern diuretics. Experimental part].

PMID- 13690624
TI  - [Effect of 2, 4-dinitrophenol on sodium transport and net passage of water in
      isolated frog skin in the absence and presence of an osmotic gradient].

PMID- 13690625
TI  - [On the net passage of water across the frog skin with the assistance of osmotic
      gradients].

PMID- 13690626
TI  - Lactic acid concentration in the kidney of the golden hamster, Mesocricetus
      auratus, in different conditions of diuresis.

PMID- 13690627
TI  - An experimental modification of food preference in chickens.

PMID- 13690628
TI  - [Inflammation caused by protamine sulfate].

PMID- 13690629
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the local and general action of basic proteins-
      papain and trypsin --].

PMID- 13690630
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the local and general action of histone sulfate].

PMID- 13690631
TI  - [Inhibition of the local Shwartzman phenomenon by means of protamine sulfate
      injected together with preparative endotoxin].

PMID- 13690632
TI  - [Spectrophotometric research on the synthesis of hemoglobin in hemopoietic cells
      of the chick embryo].

PMID- 13690633
TI  - [Certain characteristics of iron metabolism in hemochromatosic patients subjected
      to bloodletting].

PMID- 13690634
TI  - [The significance of determination of b-fibrinogen in obstetrics and gynecology].

PMID- 13690635
TI  - [Air pollution by cement: pulmonary changes in cement-asbestos workers and in the
      population].

PMID- 13690636
TI  - Debaryomyces cantarellii nova species, a new yeast isolated from a Finnish soil.

PMID- 13690637
TI  - Debaryomyces phaffii sp. n., a new yeast isolated from a Finnish soil.
AB  - Capriotti, Augusto (Universita di Perugia, Perugia, Italy). Debaryomyces phaffii
      sp. n., a new yeast isolated from a Finnish soil. J. Bacteriol. 82:326-330. 1961.
      A new species of Debaryomyces is described; it was isolated from Finnish soil,
      and is named Debaryomyces phaffii sp. n., in honor of Herman J. Phaff.

PMID- 13690638
TI  - Hansenula wickerhamii sp. n., a new yeast from Finnish soil.
AB  - Capriotti, Augusto (l'Universita di Perugia, Perugia, Italy). Hansenula
      wickerhamii sp. n., a new yeast from Finnish soil. J. Bacteriol. 82:259-360.
      1961.-Hansenula wickerhamii sp. n. is described; it was isolated from a Finnish
      soil, and is named in honor of Lynferd J. Wickerham.

PMID- 13690640
TI  - The effect of USNO on yeasts isolated from the excretions of tuberculous
      patients.

PMID- 13690639
TI  - Production of soluble melanoid pigments by Streptomyces in gelatin and glucose
      media.

PMID- 13690641
TI  - [Effects of guanethidine (SU 5864) in hypertensive subjects].

PMID- 13690642
TI  - [On the possible specific resistances of the body to tumors and their changes
      following roentgenotherapy (Study made with transplantable mouse tumors)].

PMID- 13690643
TI  - Urban and rural suicide.

PMID- 13690644
TI  - [Histaminallergic diathesis and its clinical diagnosis].

PMID- 13690645
TI  - [Pleuropulmonary staphylococcal infections in children. Our experience in 27
      cases].

PMID- 13690647
TI  - Anti-tumoral action of new sarcomycin derivatives.

PMID- 13690646
TI  - Molecular characteristics of a crystalline human macroglobulin.

PMID- 13690648
TI  - The action of ionizing radiations on the respiration and on the aerobic and
      anaerobic glycolysis of Ehrlich mouse ascites cells.

PMID- 13690649
TI  - On the structure of hyaluronic acid-protein complex isolated from Rous chicken
      sarcoma.

PMID- 13690650
TI  - Molecular properties of conjugated proteins isolated from exudates.

PMID- 13690651
TI  - [Composition characteristics of hyaluronic acid isolated from Rous sarcoma].

PMID- 13690652
TI  - The use of patient's own auricular cartilage to repair deficiency of the tracheal
      wall.

PMID- 13690654
TI  - The inhibition of ascorbic acid synthesis by the process of lipid peroxidation in
      vitamin E deficiency.

PMID- 13690656
TI  - [Automatic respirators. General principles and classification].

PMID- 13690655
TI  - The interrelationship between gulonolactone oxidase and the process of lipid
      peroxidation.

PMID- 13690657
TI  - [Biological syndromes of chronic bronchopneumopathies].

PMID- 13690658
TI  - [Theoretical approach to mixing: deductions for pulmonary function].

PMID- 13690659
TI  - [Chronic tubercular thyroiditis. Description of a clinical case].

PMID- 13690660
TI  - [Hashimoto's thyropathy. Presentation of a clinical case].

PMID- 13690661
TI  - [Treatment of biliary peritonitis caused by perforation].

PMID- 13690663
TI  - [Surgical treatment of the ruptured extrauterine pregnancy].

PMID- 13690662
TI  - [Recent burns].

PMID- 13690664
TI  - The management of chronic pulmonary dysfunction.

PMID- 13690665
TI  - Chloral hydrate: a useful pediatric sedative.

PMID- 13690666
TI  - [Nutritional value of glutin and intestinal absorption of fats].

PMID- 13690667
TI  - [Localization of industry and territorial planning from the hygienic viewpoint].

PMID- 13690668
TI  - [Fractures of the two bones of the forearm].

PMID- 13690669
TI  - [Activity in vitro of vancomycin, ristocetin and kanamycin on 85 strains of M.
      pyogenes var. aureus].

PMID- 13690670
TI  - [Bactericidal activity in vitro of vancomycin, ristocetin and kanamycin on
      Micrococcus pyogenes var. aureus].

PMID- 13690672
TI  - Negative P wave in lead I with "wandering pacemaker" in a normal subject

PMID- 13690671
TI  - [Commemoration of Associate Professor Mario MILLETTI].

PMID- 13690673
TI  - [Electrocardiographical effects of therapy of myocardial infarct in the acute
      phase with intravenous hydrocortisone in large doses].

PMID- 13690674
TI  - [Antibacterial activity of derivatives of styrene. II].

PMID- 13690675
TI  - [Action of dehydroascorbic acid on hexokinase].

PMID- 13690676
TI  - Pathologic changes in experimental hypothermia.

PMID- 13690677
TI  - [Experimental retinal hypertension caused by hydromechanic, hydromechanothermal
      and thermal excitations justifying clinical functional deficits of the retinal
      vessels].

PMID- 13690678
TI  - Bio-architectonic concordance between the corneal transplant and the host cornea
      as an indispensable factor for the perfect functional integration of the
      transplant in partial keratoplasty.

PMID- 13690679
TI  - Achievements of Soviet medical technology.

PMID- 13690680
TI  - [Schermographic observations in pneumoconiosis].

PMID- 13690682
TI  - Trichinosis in a Central Louisiana Community.

PMID- 13690681
TI  - Typhoid fever epidemic following a wedding reception.

PMID- 13690683
TI  - [Special problems posed by spinomedullary wounds (apropos of 295 personal
      observations)].

PMID- 13690684
TI  - [Recovery of 5 cases of nephritic colic due to 21-hydroxypregnandione sodium
      succinate].

PMID- 13690685
TI  - [3 simple approaches to the intercondylar notch of the knee. Apropos of 8 cases].

PMID- 13690686
TI  - [Milch's operation. Last resort or intervention after deliberation in
      pseudarthrosis of the leg].

PMID- 13690687
TI  - [Role favorizing the minor occipitalization of the atlas in atlo-axoidal
      dislocations].

PMID- 13690688
TI  - [Habitual, aberrant or unsuccessful migrations of Filaria medinesis (Apropos of
      25 surgical localizations)].

PMID- 13690689
TI  - [Unusual neurological aspects of the hand in leprosy].

PMID- 13690690
TI  - [The osseous lesions of leprosy. Pathogenic trial--deductions].

PMID- 13690691
TI  - [2-stage treatment of craniocerebral war wounds. (Critical study apropos of 1,075
      personal cases)].

PMID- 13690692
TI  - [The action of glucose-1-phosphate in fetal distress during labor. Clinical
      contribution].

PMID- 13690693
TI  - [The transaminases in medical practice. Round-table discussion].

PMID- 13690694
TI  - A safe approach in surgery of congenital cataracts.

PMID- 13690695
TI  - Combined internal and external approach in levator resection.

PMID- 13690696
TI  - Constitution, transference, and co-existence.

PMID- 13690697
TI  - [Mental depression from the internist's point of view].

PMID- 13690698
TI  - Automatic methods for the analysis of physiologic data.

PMID- 13690699
TI  - [Considerations on anesthesia in splenectomy for blood dyscrasias].

PMID- 13690700
TI  - [The treatment of grave bronchopneumonia in infants with antibiotics and
      corticosteroids in continuous venous perfusion].

PMID- 13690701
TI  - [Comments on some aspects of severe icterus in the first days of life].

PMID- 13690702
TI  - [Severe familial non-hemolytic icterus of the newborn].

PMID- 13690703
TI  - [Cancer of the esophagus as a late complication of caustic esophageal stenosis].

PMID- 13690704
TI  - [Clinico-statistical findings on anicteric calculosis of the hepatic and common
      bile ducts].

PMID- 13690705
TI  - [Postcentral topectomy for the painful phantom limb. (Clinical contribution)].

PMID- 13690706
TI  - [Remote results of the surgical exeresis and complementary actinic therapy
      (roentgen and telecobalt) in malignant neoplasms of the ovary].

PMID- 13690707
TI  - [Remote results of the surgical exeresis and complementary actinic treatment
      (roentgen and telecobalt) in malignant neoplasms of the ovary].

PMID- 13690708
TI  - The detection of antibody against Leptospira pomona in composite herd milk
      samples.

PMID- 13690709
TI  - [Massive hematemesis 5 days after gastrectomy. Surgical hemostasis. Recovery].

PMID- 13690711
TI  - [Apropos of inflammatory tumors of the right colon].

PMID- 13690710
TI  - [A case of supposedly solitary osseous xanthoma].

PMID- 13690712
TI  - [A gastric niche with difficult interpretation].

PMID- 13690713
TI  - [Apropos of 2 hiatal hernias treated with the Nissen technic].

PMID- 13690714
TI  - [Apropos of a total gastrectomy with Rosanow's gastroplasty].

PMID- 13690715
TI  - [Pseudotumoral diverticular sigmoiditis. Problems of diagnosis and therapy].

PMID- 13690716
TI  - [On the subject of a case of arterial hypertension in cancer of the kidney].

PMID- 13690717
TI  - [A case of typhoid perforation].

PMID- 13690718
TI  - [Place of excision in the surgical treatment of pseudotumoral diverticular
      sigmoiditis].

PMID- 13690719
TI  - [Connective tissue tumors of the soft parts of the extremities].

PMID- 13690720
TI  - [Treatment of premature detachment of the placenta].

PMID- 13690721
TI  - [Treatment of early detachment of the placenta].

PMID- 13690722
TI  - [The vascular-wall factor in the allergic stage of panniculitis].

PMID- 13690723
TI  - [Applications of paper electrophoresis in veterinary medicine].

PMID- 13690724
TI  - [A report on 4 giant cell tumors of the spine].

PMID- 13690725
TI  - Role of cytotoxic agents in production of amyloidosis in Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 13690726
TI  - Action of polyphosphates on experimental tumors.

PMID- 13690727
TI  - Some effects of cortisone on the toxicity of uranium.

PMID- 13690728
TI  - Nursing in the social order.

PMID- 13690729
TI  - [Cytology of the pancreas of the snake Xenodon merremii].

PMID- 13690731
TI  - [Behavior of the amino acids in the liver of rats with pantothenic acid
      deficiency].

PMID- 13690730
TI  - [Modifications of the islands of Langerhans of the snake Xenodon merremii treated
      with glucagon].

PMID- 13690732
TI  - Epidemiological aspects of gonorrhoea in Oporto, Portugal.

PMID- 13690733
TI  - [Prostitution in the city of Porto (Portugal) its present status].

PMID- 13690734
TI  - [Anovulatory cycles and sterility].

PMID- 13690735
TI  - Non-gonococcal vaginitis.

PMID- 13690736
TI  - [Non-gonococcal vaginitis].

PMID- 13690737
TI  - [Tribute to Prof. Manuel USANDIZAGA].

PMID- 13690738
TI  - [The cutaneous manifestations of kwashiorkor].

PMID- 13690739
TI  - [Relapse in pulmonary tuberculosis in adults; its importance in the recruitment
      of various Swiss sanatoria in 1957 and 1958].

PMID- 13690740
TI  - [Pathogenic considerations on bronchopulmonary aspergilloma. Apropos of 2
      observations of secondary infestation].

PMID- 13690741
TI  - [Relation between the arousal level and conditioning in animals. Pharmacological
      and neurological study].

PMID- 13690742
TI  - Significance of small pleural effusions in cardiopulmonary disease, and some
      other observations on pleural fluid in general.

PMID- 13690743
TI  - [Action of chlorpropamide on hepatic function in diabetics treated over a long
      period with the so-called sulfonylureas].

PMID- 13690744
TI  - [2 cases of eclampsia in molar pregnancy].

PMID- 13690745
TI  - [Echinococcal cysts in pharyngeal site].

PMID- 13690746
TI  - The suppression of urinary calculus formation in the rat by the oral
      administration of polysodium metaphosphate.

PMID- 13690747
TI  - [Urinary elimination of the metabolites of tryptophan after loading in the
      newborn. Influence of ACTH and pyridoxine].

PMID- 13690748
TI  - [Corticoid hormones and conjugation of bilirubin in the fetus and newborn
      infant].

PMID- 13690749
TI  - [Distribution of phosphoric esters in the kidney of the rat rendered nephrotic
      with injections of nephrotoxic serum].

PMID- 13690750
TI  - [Urinary elimination of N-acetyl-p-aminophenol after loading with acetanilid in
      the newborn infant].

PMID- 13690752
TI  - [Influence of ACTH and corticoids on the hepatic conjugation of bilirubin in the
      newborn. Clinical and experimental research].

PMID- 13690751
TI  - [Incorporation "in vitro" of carbon-14-labeled glycine and phenylalanine in
      proteins of the liver and kidney of the normal rat and nephroqtic rat and changes
      induced by anabolic steroids].

PMID- 13690753
TI  - [Observations on the treatment with cortcoids of hyperbilirubinemia of the
      newborn not connected with isoimmunization].

PMID- 13690755
TI  - [Current knowledge on the infantile nephrotic syndrome. V. The contribution of
      experimental nephrosis to the clearing up of some of the problems of human
      nephrosis].

PMID- 13690754
TI  - [Current knowledge on the infantile nephrotic syndrome. II. Etiopathogenesis,
      pathological anatomy].

PMID- 13690756
TI  - [Modifications in lipid and protein metabolism in nephrotic syndrome].

PMID- 13690757
TI  - [Modifications of lipid and protein metabolism in the nephrotic syndrome].

PMID- 13690758
TI  - Delinquency addiction in parents.

PMID- 13690759
TI  - [Periodic electroencephalographic paroxysms. Their significance and
      characteristics in subacute sclerosing leukoencephalitis and in certain myoclonic
      syndromes of subacute or chronic course].

PMID- 13690760
TI  - Glucagon and cholesterol metabolism.

PMID- 13690761
TI  - Regulation of arachidonic acid metabolism by a pancreatic factor.

PMID- 13690763
TI  - [Measurement of the force of contraction of the orbicularis muscle in normal
      subjects].

PMID- 13690762
TI  - [Changes in the dynamics of the aqueous humor in relation to the senile age].

PMID- 13690764
TI  - Juvenile familial mosaic degeneration of the cornea associated with megalocornea.

PMID- 13690765
TI  - [Influence of 6 alpha-methyl-17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone acetate on milk
      secretion].

PMID- 13690766
TI  - [Value of electrohysterographic observations during labor].

PMID- 13690767
TI  - A survey of side-effects and/or toxicity of newer psychopharmacologic agents.

PMID- 13690768
TI  - The medicolegal autopsy in suburbia. A comparative analysis of 1,000 cases in the
      postwar period.

PMID- 13690769
TI  - [The cerebrospinal fluid in physiological pregnancy and in pregnancy toxemia:
      observations on the content and on the variations of pyruvic acid and
      transaminases].

PMID- 13690770
TI  - [Morphological aspects of experimental candidiasis, aspergillosis and
      geotrichosis].

PMID- 13690771
TI  - Constituents of Lagerstroemia flosreginae Retz.

PMID- 13690772
TI  - Hypothermic perfusion-a clinical study in progress.

PMID- 13690773
TI  - Relief of the pruritus of jaundice with a bile-acid sequestering resin.

PMID- 13690774
TI  - Bile acids in the serum of jaundiced patients.

PMID- 13690775
TI  - The site of action of the venom of the sea snake Enhydrina schistosa.

PMID- 13690776
TI  - Open heart surgery in a private hospital: clinical experience with 127 cases.

PMID- 13690777
TI  - Primary hyperaldosteronism and related hypertension. Surgical management.

PMID- 13690778
TI  - Comparative effects of dicoumarol, tromexan, and heparin on thrombus propagation.

PMID- 13690779
TI  - The matter of insurance.

PMID- 13690780
TI  - Diet therapy and the nurse. Dietitian's viewpoint.

PMID- 13690781
TI  - Studies on the inhibition of growth of Bacillus cereus by 6-mercaptopurine.

PMID- 13690782
TI  - [Statistical contribution and clinical considerations on delivery in brow
      presentation].

PMID- 13690783
TI  - [A focus of congenital hemeralopia in Sardinia. Familial and population data].

PMID- 13690784
TI  - Granulocytopenia due to chlorpromazine: a report of 11 cases.

PMID- 13690786
TI  - [Apropos of a giant mixed tumor of the parotid gland].

PMID- 13690785
TI  - [Studies on diabetes insipidus. I. Renal water-salt reabsorption].

PMID- 13690787
TI  - [Early therapeutic procedures by state insurance instutions].

PMID- 13690789
TI  - ["Anarthritic rheumatoid disease" (Bagratuni)-a manifestation of arteritis?].

PMID- 13690788
TI  - [On some new diphenylsulfone derivatives].

PMID- 13690790
TI  - [Retinal complications after chloroquine treatment].

PMID- 13690791
TI  - Kinetics and distribution of radioactive cobalt administered to the mammalian
      body.

PMID- 13690792
TI  - The post-myocardial infarction syndrome: report of two cases demonstrating a
      recurrent tendency.

PMID- 13690793
TI  - The clinical evaluation of bronchospirometry with special reference to posture
      and exercise.

PMID- 13690794
TI  - Method for direct inspection of the right atrium: experimental investigation in
      the dog.

PMID- 13690795
TI  - Respirator treatment in cases of acute laryngotracheobronchitis.

PMID- 13690796
TI  - Osteogenic sarcoma of the uterus.

PMID- 13690797
TI  - A therapeutic milieu for borderline patients.

PMID- 13690798
TI  - Determination of the specific activity of tritiated compounds on paper
      chromatograms using an automatic scanning device.

PMID- 13690799
TI  - Heparin administration after acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 13690800
TI  - [Chromatography of the 17-ketosteroids and determination of pregnantriol in the
      adrenogenital syndrome].

PMID- 13690801
TI  - [Significance of the urinary elimination of pregnanediol and pregnanetriol in
      child-hood].

PMID- 13690802
TI  - [The urinary elimination of pregnance-3 alpha, 20 alpha-diol and pregnance-3
      alpha, 17 alpha, 20 alpha-triol in the newborn].

PMID- 13690803
TI  - [Chemical determination of gonadotropins. Research on urines of pediatric
      subjects and experimentation with the HMG 24 international standard patterns].

PMID- 13690804
TI  - [Study on the biological and chemical characteristics of urinary gonadotropin in
      childhood].

PMID- 13690805
TI  - [Data on the activity of the antisyphilis ambulatorium of the Clinica Pediatrica
      di Milano].

PMID- 13690806
TI  - [On the problem of neoplastic and phlogistic parametrial infiltrates].

PMID- 13690807
TI  - [On the therapy of carcinoma of the vulva].

PMID- 13690808
TI  - [A further case of gastroplegia].

PMID- 13690809
TI  - [Apropos of a case of acute benign meningitis].

PMID- 13690810
TI  - [Antibiotic and therapeutic activity of some of the more important derivatives of
      tetracvcline with different routes of administration].

PMID- 13690811
TI  - Diapause, neurosecretion and hormones in copepoda.

PMID- 13690812
TI  - Softening chitin for histology.

PMID- 13690813
TI  - Comparison of properdin levels in general medical and hematologic patients.

PMID- 13690814
TI  - [Senile and functional changes of the head of the metatarsal bone].

PMID- 13690815
TI  - [Respiratory resuscitation: postnarcotic pharmacological analepsy].

PMID- 13690816
TI  - A clinical trial of dichlorophenarsine hydrochloride in treatment of canine
      heartworm infection.

PMID- 13690817
TI  - [The remote sequels in 400 cases of fracture-dislocation of the calcaneus: 250
      treated with triple skeletal traction and 150 with various methods].

PMID- 13690818
TI  - [Succinic dehydrogenase activity in various developmental phases of homoplastic
      bone grafts].

PMID- 13690819
TI  - [The dehydrogenation of lactic acid in osseous tissue, in metaphysial cartilage
      and in costal cartilage of growing rabbits].

PMID- 13690820
TI  - [24 cases of reconstruction in high-grade mitral stenoses].

PMID- 13690821
TI  - [Misgivings].

PMID- 13690822
TI  - Attempts to influence the elimination of radiostrontium.

PMID- 13690823
TI  - Salvage of the "noncorrectable" case of congenital extrahepatic biliary atresia.

PMID- 13690824
TI  - Male and female subjects in personality research.

PMID- 13690825
TI  - Motivation and set in acquiring information about persons.

PMID- 13690826
TI  - The psychotherapy that was moral treatment.

PMID- 13690827
TI  - Dr. William Cullen on mania.

PMID- 13690828
TI  - The mechanochemistry of muscular contraction. I. The isometric twitch.
AB  - The dependence of PC(1) and ATP(1) dephosphorylation on the number of isometric
      twitches in the iodoacetate-nitrogen-poisoned muscle has been examined. There is
      no net dephosphorylation of adenosinetriphosphate. PC dephosphorylation varies
      linearly with the number of twitches and produces equivalent amounts of C(1) and
      P(1i).(1) Iodoacetate concentrations which block the enzyme, creatine
      phosphokinase, render the muscle non-contractile. A value of 0.286 micromole/gm.
      for the amount of PC split per twitch is obtained which gives a value of -9.62
      kcal./mole for the "physiological" heat of hydrolysis of PC in agreement with
      expectations based on thermochemical data. In a single maximal isometric twitch
      it is estimated that 2 to 3 PC molecules are dephosphorylated per myosin
      molecule, or 1 per actin molecule. The results support the view that under the
      conditions of these experiments PC dephosphorylation is the net energy yielding
      reaction. The in vivo stoichiometry of the mechano-chemistry of contraction
      revealed by these studies on the one hand, and the known stoichiometry of actin
      polymerization and its coupling to the creatine phosphokinase system on the other
      are strikingly similar and strongly suggest that the reversible polymerization of
      actin is involved in a major way in the contraction-relaxation-recovery cycle of
      muscle.

PMID- 13690829
TI  - The natural occurrence, enzymatic formation, and biochemical significance of a
      hydroxyethyl derivative of thiamine pyrophosphate.

PMID- 13690830
TI  - Electron microscopy of the kidney in health and disease.

PMID- 13690831
TI  - Thimble chamber corrections below 100 kv. effective.

PMID- 13690832
TI  - Serum lipids in men with myocardial infarction.

PMID- 13690833
TI  - Studies on the incorporation of injected palmitic acid-I-C into liver and plasma
      lipids in man.

PMID- 13690834
TI  - [Obesity. III. Sedimentation and mobilization of fat].

PMID- 13690835
TI  - Nonshivering thermogenesis and its endocrine control.

PMID- 13690836
TI  - Effects of intramuscular injections of iron-dextran in newborn lambs and calves.

PMID- 13690837
TI  - [The effect of low alternating current on the biosynthesis of gluconic acid by
      Aspergillus niger in submerged culture].

PMID- 13690838
TI  - [The influence of low alternative currents on nonoxidative lactic acid
      formation].

PMID- 13690839
TI  - Elbow dysplasia in the dog. A preliminary report.

PMID- 13690840
TI  - A replica-plating method for the rapid quantitative estimation of specific phage
      type staphylococci.

PMID- 13690842
TI  - [On the problem of the mechanism of action of some psychopharmaca].

PMID- 13690841
TI  - A new histochemical method for visualization of tissue catechol amines.

PMID- 13690843
TI  - [The packing of tablets].

PMID- 13690844
TI  - Demonstration of lymph node metastases by pelvic venography.

PMID- 13690845
TI  - The inflated stomach as an accidental phenomenon in anaesthesia for
      angiocardiography.

PMID- 13690846
TI  - Anatomic diagnosis of atrial septal defects.

PMID- 13690847
TI  - [Case of small extra bones in the big toe].

PMID- 13690848
TI  - Hemodynamic influence of warm and dry environment in man with and without
      rheumatic heart disease.

PMID- 13690849
TI  - Further observations on the native and recrystallized crystals of the amoeba
      Amoeba proteus.

PMID- 13690850
TI  - Penetrating renal injuries: an analysis of 100 cases.

PMID- 13690851
TI  - Augmentation of the behavioral effects of amphetamine by atropine.

PMID- 13690852
TI  - Evaluation of factors affecting survival of Escherichia coli in sea water. V.
      Studies with heat- and filter-sterilized sea water.
AB  - The bactericidal action of sea water was measured as the difference in survival
      of cells of Escherichia coli in untreated and autoclaved portions of water
      samples. The beneficial effect of sterilization by heat on the survival of E.
      coli in sea water varied with season and was most marked during summer months,
      however, the magnitude of the effect differed greatly from sample to sample. The
      more obvious and commonly suggested explanations for the bactericidal action of
      sea water were tested experimentally. The pH and salinity of sea water were
      changed by autoclaving, but the direction of the former was detrimental rather
      than beneficial and the significance of the latter was not clarified. The
      survival of cells of E. coli in filtered portions of some water samples was
      greater than that in untreated portions and equal to that in autoclaved portions,
      indicating that predators and competitors removed by filtration had contributed
      significantly to the rapid death of the bacterium in the untreated water.
      However, in the majority of samples tested, survival of E. coli in autoclaved
      water was considerably greater than survival in filtered water. The possibility
      that the beneficial effect of autoclaving over and above that of filtration
      resulted from inactivation or destruction by heat of bacteriophages and
      thermolabile toxic substances such as antibiotics was considered. Moreover, the
      suggestion was tested that the increased survival of E. coli in autoclaved sea
      water was due to the ability of heat to disrupt and degrade microbial cells and
      thermolabile compounds and, thereby, to cause an increase in concentration of
      available nutrients in sea water. It was concluded that the bactericidal action
      of sea water is not explicable in terms of the destruction or inactivation by
      heat of bacteriophages or antibiotics. Although added organic matter influenced
      the survival of E. coli, the test organism was not an effective competitor in sea
      water and the nutrient levels required to offset the bactericidal action were
      excessive. Artificial sea water was demonstrated to exert a bactericidal action
      comparable to that of natural sea water. Low levels of cysteine which favor
      survival of E. coli in natural sea water had a similar effect in artificial sea
      water. Nevertheless, it is not at this time possible to conclude that the factors
      responsible for the bactericidal action of artificial sea water are identical
      with those responsible in natural sea water.

PMID- 13690853
TI  - The use of phenylbutazone in the presence of duodenal ulcer or duodenitis.

PMID- 13690854
TI  - Chloride ions and the membrane potential of Purkinje fibres.

PMID- 13690855
TI  - [Radioisotopes in hematology].

PMID- 13690856
TI  - Ascendant-submissive behaviour in pairs of human subjects as a function of their
      emotional responsiveness and opinion strength.

PMID- 13690857
TI  - The effects of reinforcement schedule and level of emotional responsiveness on
      three measures of human discrimination learning.

PMID- 13690858
TI  - Intrathoracic manifestations of malignant lymphomatous disease.

PMID- 13690859
TI  - Community aftercare services.

PMID- 13690860
TI  - New York State aftercare clinics in New York City.

PMID- 13690861
TI  - Beacon lights in Alabama medicine in the 1860's.

PMID- 13690863
TI  - The Medical Association of the State of Alabama.

PMID- 13690862
TI  - Peter BRYCE.

PMID- 13690864
TI  - Roentgen-ray duplicating head rest for pallidectomy.

PMID- 13690865
TI  - An easily-sterilised film for radiography of the exposed kidney.

PMID- 13690866
TI  - Fungi from Alberta rodents.

PMID- 13690867
TI  - Serological comparisons between infectious canine hepatitis virus and human
      adenovirus types.

PMID- 13690868
TI  - Use of squirrel monkey for brain research, with description of restraining chair.

PMID- 13690869
TI  - [Collateral hyperplasia in experimental oncogenesis in the rat. Observations in
      the course of treatment with vitamin A].

PMID- 13690870
TI  - Direct cortical and recruiting responses in postmatal rabbit.

PMID- 13690871
TI  - Egg transmission of infectious synovitis.

PMID- 13690872
TI  - Selective inhibition of nitrogen fixation in Clostridium pasteurianum.

PMID- 13690873
TI  - Review of Act No. 3 cases admitted to Arkansas State Hospital - calendar years
      1956, 1957, 1958, 1959.

PMID- 13690874
TI  - Correlations between so-called non-osteogenic fibroma and certain fibrous
      dystrophies of the bone.

PMID- 13690875
TI  - Gastric ulcer, benign or malignant? Diagnosis and management.

PMID- 13690876
TI  - Peptic esophagitis. Diagnosis and management.

PMID- 13690877
TI  - Fatal toxic reaction to amphotericin B in cryptococcal meningo-encephalitis.

PMID- 13690878
TI  - Filter-paper ionophoresis of cupric complexes of neutral amino acids and
      oligopeptides.

PMID- 13690879
TI  - A method for separating neutral amino acids from neutral oligopeptides.

PMID- 13690881
TI  - [Ventricular aneurysms of tuberculous etiology].

PMID- 13690880
TI  - Bound amino acids of ryegrass: the isolation of amphoteric peptide-like
      substances of low molecular weight.

PMID- 13690882
TI  - [Pulmonary mycoses in Brazil].

PMID- 13690883
TI  - [Technic of astragalo-calcanear arthrodesis].

PMID- 13690884
TI  - Headache of dental origin. Report of a case.

PMID- 13690885
TI  - Anesthesia for bronchoscopy and bronchography.

PMID- 13690886
TI  - Adrenergic and adrenocortical responses to fluothane and cyclopropane.

PMID- 13690887
TI  - [On morbidity during the first 2 years of life in infants hospitalized at the
      Ospedale Santobono di Napoli during the period 1950-1958].

PMID- 13690888
TI  - [Current advances in surgery of otosclerotic deafness].

PMID- 13690889
TI  - [Our experience in cobalt teletherapy of cervico-facial neoplasms].

PMID- 13690890
TI  - [Telecobaltotherapy of pulmonary neoplasms. (Technical modality and casuistic
      experience of our Institute].

PMID- 13690891
TI  - An experimental study of side-to-side pancreaticojejunostomy after ductal
      obstruction.

PMID- 13690892
TI  - Experiences with the autotransplantation of isletcell tissue in dogs.

PMID- 13690893
TI  - The strange relationship between carcinoma of the stomach and duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 13690894
TI  - Dental service in a poliomyalitis respiratory and rehabilitation center.

PMID- 13690895
TI  - [Treatment and prevention of death in coronary disease].

PMID- 13690896
TI  - [Contributions to the problem of sterility and fertilization of Rhoeo discolor].

PMID- 13690897
TI  - [Syndrome of the foramen lacerum posterius caused by sarcoidosis].

PMID- 13690899
TI  - [Behavior of the blood lipid fractions in conditions of experimental regional
      hypoxia in man].

PMID- 13690898
TI  - [Histochemical research on the esterase activity of the human lung during some
      pneumopathies caused by the use of a cholinesterase inhibitor (eserine 0.00005
      M). Study made on exeresis specimens].

PMID- 13690900
TI  - [Non-neoplastic bronchial stenosis and occlusion. Review of the literature and
      casuistic contribution].

PMID- 13690901
TI  - Physical medicine in the army.

PMID- 13690902
TI  - Segmental volume reduction by localized versus generalized exercise.

PMID- 13690903
TI  - The relation of pulsatile pressure and flow in the pulmonary vascular bed.

PMID- 13690904
TI  - Localization of macromolecules in Escherichia coli. II. RNA and its site of
      synthesis.
AB  - The distribution of RNA in cells of E. coli 15 T(-)U(-) labeled with uridine-H(3)
      was studied by methods involving the analysis of radioautographic grain counts
      over random thin cross-sections and serial sections of the cells. The results
      were correlated with electron microscope morphological data. Fractionation and
      enzyme digestion studies showed that a large proportion of the label was found in
      RNA uracil and cytosine, the rest being incorporated as DNA cytosine. In fully
      labeled cells the distribution of label was found to be uniform throughout the
      cell. The situation remained unchanged when labeled cells were subsequently
      treated with chloramphenicol. When short pulses of label were employed a
      localization of a large proportion of the radioactivity became apparent. The
      nuclear region was identified as the site of concentration. Similar results were
      obtained when cells were exposed to much longer pulses of uridine-H(3) in the
      presence of chloramphenicol. If cells were subjected to a short pulse of cytidine
      H(3), then allowed to grow for a while in unlabeled medium, the label, originally
      concentrated to some extent in the nuclear region, was found dispersed throughout
      the cell. The simplest hypothesis which accounts for these results is that a
      large fraction of the cell RNA is synthesized in a region in or near the nucleus
      and subsequently transferred to the cytoplasm.

PMID- 13690905
TI  - Electron microscopic radioautography of thin sections: the Golgi zone as a site
      of protein concentration in pancreatic acinar cells.
AB  - Electron microscopic radioautographs of guinea pig pancreatic exocrine cells were
      obtained by covering thin sections ( approximately 600 A) of OsO(4)-fixed,
      methacrylate-embedded tissue with thin layers of Ilford K-5 nuclear research
      emulsion. After an exposure of 13 days at 4 degrees C., the preparations were
      photographically processed, stained with uranyl acetate, and examined in an
      electron microscope. The label used was leucine-H(3) injected intravenously 20
      minutes before collection of the specimens. Conventional radioautographs of
      thicker sections (0.4 micron) were also examined in a phase contrast microscope.
      The advantages obtained from electron microscopic radioautography are: the higher
      radioautographic resolution (of the order of 0.3 micron) due to the thinness of
      the emulsion and the specimen, and a high optical resolution permitting a clear
      identification of the labeled structure. In the guinea pig pancreas this
      technique demonstrated that, at the time studied, newly synthesized proteins were
      concentrated in the structures of the Golgi complex and especially in large
      vacuoles partially filled with a dense material. The vacuoles are probably a
      precursor to the secretion granules (zymogen granules) in which the label becomes
      segregated at a later time. These observations demonstrate directly the role of
      the Golgi complex in the secretion process. They also illustrate the
      possibilities of this method for radioautography at the intracellular level.

PMID- 13690906
TI  - Localization of macromolecules in Escherichia coli. I. DNA and proteins.
AB  - If thin sections of Escherichia coli, labeled uniformly with tritium, are
      radioautographed calculations, based on the distribution of section sizes show
      that the number of H(3) decays per section should be very close to a Poisson
      distribution. We might, therefore, expect that the distribution of
      radioautographic grain counts among random cross-sections should follow a Poisson
      distribution. It can then be inferred that a deviation from a Poisson indicates a
      high concentration of label in a preferred region. This region can then be
      identified by analysis of serial section and comparison with electron
      micrographs. Sections of cells labeled with leucine-H3 gave a Poisson
      distribution of grain counts, and it was concluded that proteins were distributed
      fairly uniformly throughout the cell. The situation was not changed if labeled
      cells were placed in chloramphenicol or if very short pulses of label were used.
      When Escherichia coli is grown in presence of chloramphenicol a major
      morphological change concerns the nuclear region: it becomes more regular in
      outline, nearly spherical, and occupies a smaller proportion of the cell length.
      The previously described association between DNA labeled with thymidine-H3 and
      the nuclear region was confirmed by showing that the distribution of the label in
      the cell followed exactly the morphological changes of the nuclear region. It was
      also shown that the concentration of DNA in the nuclear region was at least 45
      times higher than that of the cytoplasm. Several morphological features of cells
      grown in chloramphenicol and examined in the electron microscope are discussed.

PMID- 13690908
TI  - Dermatologic therapy--1960. What's new? and what's true of what's new?

PMID- 13690907
TI  - Proposed use of magnetic fields in electron microscopic radioautography.

PMID- 13690909
TI  - Medical specialism and the boards.

PMID- 13690910
TI  - The pathologist is not infallible in the diagnosis of skin lesions.

PMID- 13690911
TI  - Application of infrared spectrophotometry to pharmaceutical analysis.

PMID- 13690912
TI  - [Pulmonary abscess caused by ascarids? Rare pneumologivcal case history].

PMID- 13690913
TI  - [Action of various antimycotic drugs on the respiratory metabolism of Candida
      albicans].

PMID- 13690914
TI  - [Contribution to the study of PAS-positive polar formations of
      Enterobacteriaceae. IV. On the detection of PAS-positive granulations with a view
      to identification of the Proteus tribe].

PMID- 13690915
TI  - [Morphological and cytochemical changes in Candida albicans induced by the action
      of various antimycotic drugs].

PMID- 13690916
TI  - [Morphological and cytochemical modifications of Candida albicans in various
      stages of cultural development].

PMID- 13690917
TI  - [Phage typing and antibiotic resistance of staphylococci isolated from materials
      from various sources].

PMID- 13690918
TI  - [Phage typing and biochemical tests of pathogenicity of staphylococci isolated
      from pathological and non-pathological materials].

PMID- 13690919
TI  - [Respiratory metabolism of Candida albicans in successive stages of development
      in culture].

PMID- 13690920
TI  - [Preoperative clinical, biological, laparoscopic and radiological diagnosis of
      neoplastic jaundices].

PMID- 13690921
TI  - [Current methods of diagnosis and treatment of acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis].

PMID- 13690922
TI  - [New contributions to the diagnosis of obstructive cirrhosis].

PMID- 13690923
TI  - [The prognosis of digestive hemorrhages from splenoportal thromboses].

PMID- 13690925
TI  - [The hormone inhibiting cholecystokinin. Its role in biliary and pancreatic
      pathology].

PMID- 13690924
TI  - Endogenous cholecystokinin and its inhibitor. Method of assessment in humans; its
      role in normal and pathologic physiology.

PMID- 13690926
TI  - [The inhibitory hormone of cholecystokinin; its role in biliary and pancreatic
      pathology].

PMID- 13690927
TI  - [Pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis].

PMID- 13690928
TI  - [Apropos of the tomographical diagnosis of tumors of the pancreas. Genu superius
      thrust back or caught up].

PMID- 13690929
TI  - [Contribution to the study of inflammation of the hepatic pedicle].

PMID- 13690930
TI  - [Neoplastic jaundices and cancers of the biliary tract. Introduction].

PMID- 13690931
TI  - [Subdural hematoma and status epilepticus. Sedation of the status epilepticus by
      direct cortical refrigeration].

PMID- 13690932
TI  - [Medicolegal points of a case of tuberculous meningoencephalitis associated with
      a papilloma of the choroid plexus].

PMID- 13690933
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the use of haloperidol].

PMID- 13690934
TI  - [Prostigmine, abortive product?].

PMID- 13690935
TI  - An experimental study of the left atrial-pulmonary shunt for coronary heart
      disease.

PMID- 13690936
TI  - [On the necessity for using a trypsin inhibitor in enzymatic zonulolysis: Ist
      clinical results].

PMID- 13690937
TI  - [Angiographic study of subjects with idiopathic varices of the lower limb].

PMID- 13690938
TI  - [Radiological study of the arterial circulation of the lower extremity in the
      normal subject].

PMID- 13690939
TI  - [Postoperative atelectasis].

PMID- 13690940
TI  - [Surgical treatment of sacrococcygeal cysts and fistulas].

PMID- 13690941
TI  - [Hemorrhages of the digestive tract].

PMID- 13690942
TI  - [Massive hemorrhages of the digestive tract].

PMID- 13690943
TI  - [On granulosa cell tumors of the ovary].

PMID- 13690944
TI  - [Contribution to the study of tumors of the salivary glands].

PMID- 13690945
TI  - [Behavior of hepatic fibrinolysis in experimental partial hepatectomy].

PMID- 13690946
TI  - [A rare case of mixed tumor of the upper lip].

PMID- 13690947
TI  - Further thoughts on the African mind.

PMID- 13690948
TI  - Group-selection.

PMID- 13690949
TI  - Remarks on psychosomatics.

PMID- 13690950
TI  - [Managers' disease].

PMID- 13690951
TI  - [Notes on managers' disease].

PMID- 13690952
TI  - Causes and prevention of deafness in childhood.

PMID- 13690953
TI  - The management of deformities of the nose.

PMID- 13690954
TI  - [Apropos of the diagnosis of the rupture of aneurysms of the abdominal aorta].

PMID- 13690955
TI  - [Retroperitoneal tumors].

PMID- 13690956
TI  - [Secondary peritoneal hydatidosis].

PMID- 13690958
TI  - Comparison of the bactericidal effect of visible light with ultraviolet light on
      Staphylococcus aureus.

PMID- 13690957
TI  - Cavitary silicosis.

PMID- 13690959
TI  - Concerning the role of arterial baroreceptors in the control of aldosterone
      secretion.

PMID- 13690961
TI  - [Diagnosis of infections by Brucella, with special reference to allergic
      cutaneous tests of delayed type].

PMID- 13690960
TI  - Studies on the response of the transplanted kidney and the transplanted adrenal
      gland to thoracic inferior vena caval constriction.

PMID- 13690962
TI  - Serum protein abnormalities in neoplastic and non-neoplastic disease of the lung.

PMID- 13690963
TI  - The relationship of brucella infection to biologic false positive tests for
      syphilis.

PMID- 13690964
TI  - Gonococcal resistance to penicillin in the light of recent literature.
AB  - Recent years have witnessed a slight decrease in the sensitivity of certain
      gonococcal strains to penicillin. A survey of the pertinent literature, however,
      indicates that most reports of gonococcal infections which are unresponsive to
      "adequate" doses of penicillin are not sufficiently substantiated by valid
      clinical and laboratory studies to demonstrate beyond doubt the existence of
      truly penicillin-resistant strains. Nevertheless, the possibility of such
      resistance is real and important. Investigations to determine with certainty
      whether the gonococcus is acquiring a significant degree of resistance should
      include measurement of penicillin blood levels, prevention of re-exposure,
      confirmation of diagnosis by cultures, elimination of possible host factors when
      apparently recalcitrant cases are encountered, and careful laboratory
      confirmation of the in vitro penicillin-resistance of the strains involved.

PMID- 13690965
TI  - Development of fetal rat thyroid with special reference to uptake of radioactive
      iodine.

PMID- 13690966
TI  - Arthrodesis of the hip: indications for and end results of such operations.

PMID- 13690967
TI  - Diagnosis and management of orthopaedic conditions of the hip in children.

PMID- 13690968
TI  - Alterations in the stability of mammalian A fibers produced by N2O and by CO2.

PMID- 13690969
TI  - The effect of several methods of training on long-term, incontinent, behaviorally
      regressed hospitalized psychiatric patients.

PMID- 13690970
TI  - An analysis of home visits to newborn infants.

PMID- 13690971
TI  - Alcohol and higher-order problem solving.

PMID- 13690972
TI  - The availability of lysine in groundnut biscuits used in the treatment of
      kwashiorkor. 2.

PMID- 13690973
TI  - The estimation of the available lysine in animal-protein foods.

PMID- 13690974
TI  - Spinal pathways mediating cerebellar dyskinesia in rhesus monkey.

PMID- 13690975
TI  - Descending division of the brachium conjunctivum in the cat a cerebello-reticular
      system.

PMID- 13690976
TI  - Fiber projections from the descending and lateral vestibular nuclei in the cat.

PMID- 13690977
TI  - Opacities in the lens of the eye experimentally induced by exposure to microwave
      radiation.

PMID- 13690978
TI  - Pleural biopsy and thoracentesis by a new instrument.

PMID- 13690979
TI  - Results of a four-year study of injection therapy in the treatment of plantar
      warts.

PMID- 13690980
TI  - Cerebral vascular action of bradykinin in the dog.

PMID- 13690981
TI  - Right pneumonectomy with retrograde ligature of the pulmonary artery after
      primary section of the main bronchus.

PMID- 13690982
TI  - [Secondary pulmonary aspergilloma].

PMID- 13690983
TI  - [Anatomoclinical aspects of primary pleural malignant tumors].

PMID- 13690984
TI  - [Clinical, radiological and therapeutic considerations on 512 cases of
      bronchopulmonary neoplasms].

PMID- 13690985
TI  - [The importance and elements of classification by clinical stages of
      bronchopulmonary tumors].

PMID- 13690986
TI  - An XXXY sex chromosome complex in Klinefelter subjects with duplicated sex
      chromatin.

PMID- 13690987
TI  - A probable XXYY sex determining mechanism in a mentally defective male with
      Klinefelter's syndrome.

PMID- 13690989
TI  - Carbol fuchsin as a stain for human chromosomes.

PMID- 13690988
TI  - An XXXX sex chromosome complex in two mentally defective females.

PMID- 13690990
TI  - Optimal regimens of antituberculous drugs.

PMID- 13690992
TI  - Symposium on the experimental pharmacology and clinical use of antimetabolites.
      Introduction.

PMID- 13690991
TI  - The various types of thyroid malfunction in cretinism and their relative
      frequency.

PMID- 13690993
TI  - Effect of formation of insoluble polysilver salts on argentometric titration of
      mercaptoacids.

PMID- 13690994
TI  - Reversed phase partition chromatography of steroids.

PMID- 13690996
TI  - The ultrastructure of the human adrenal cortex before and after stimulation with
      ACTH.

PMID- 13690995
TI  - Death due to hepatic necrosis in a patient receiving zoxazolamine. Report of a
      case and review of the literature.

PMID- 13690997
TI  - The universal U and L bite-block film holder. A method of positioning and holding
      intraoral X-ray films for both maxillary and mandibular exposures.

PMID- 13690998
TI  - How to save the N.L.N. accreditation program.

PMID- 13690999
TI  - Inoculation time differentials for expression of interference of Newcastle
      disease virus by swine influenza virus in chick embryos.

PMID- 13691000
TI  - Analysis for guanidine and methlguanidine in uremic plasma.

PMID- 13691002
TI  - A comparison of the absorption and retention by rabbits of strontium-90
      incorporated into plant material and of added strontium chloride in the diet.

PMID- 13691001
TI  - Some enzymic reactions concerned in the metabolism of acetoacetyl-coenzyme A in
      Athiorhodaceae.

PMID- 13691003
TI  - Postgraduate education for the family doctor. Exhibits and standing
      demonstrations.

PMID- 13691004
TI  - The biochemistry of the African in Southern Rhodesia. II. The serum proteins,
      other liver function tests, blood urea and haemoglobin of African adults in
      Salisbury.

PMID- 13691005
TI  - Observations on the nutritive value of traditionally ground cereals in Southern
      Rhodesia.

PMID- 13691006
TI  - [Problems and results of the surgical treatment of gastroduodenal ulcer in the
      aged patient].

PMID- 13691007
TI  - [Clinical contribution to the study of spina bifida. (122 cases)].

PMID- 13691008
TI  - [Endometriosis].

PMID- 13691009
TI  - [Xeroderma pigmentosum. Second case reported in El Salvador].

PMID- 13691010
TI  - [Cancer of the right colon (surgical treatment)].

PMID- 13691011
TI  - [Observations on the biological activity of a derivative of vitamin B12.
      Experimental and clinical research].

PMID- 13691012
TI  - [Action of vitamin B12 and of intrinsic factor on the normalization of
      hematopoiesis. Study on human hematopoietic tissue in vitro and on hematopoietic
      tissue of the chick embryo].

PMID- 13691013
TI  - [Anatomophysiological and operative observations on extrapyramidal syndromes].

PMID- 13691014
TI  - Eliminatio of transient secretion of phosphate by alkalinization of plasma in
      dogs.

PMID- 13691015
TI  - Transient secretion of phosphate in relation to underlying plasma level in the
      dog kidney.

PMID- 13691016
TI  - [Tracheotomy and tracheostomy in respiratory reanimation].

PMID- 13691017
TI  - [Physiopathology and treatment of drowning].

PMID- 13691018
TI  - [An early clinical sign of cortical activity].

PMID- 13691019
TI  - [Saline precipitation of the protein fractions of human serum denatured with
      urea].

PMID- 13691020
TI  - [Study of antimitotic sulfonamides].

PMID- 13691021
TI  - The fate of the partial thoracic stomach ('hiatus hernia') in children.

PMID- 13691022
TI  - Prolonged bleeding-time and A.H.G. deficiency. A case treated with oestrogens.

PMID- 13691023
TI  - Postural treatment of children with a partial thoracic stomach ('hiatus hernia').

PMID- 13691024
TI  - Pulmonary infections in children with a partial thoracic stomach ('hiatus
      hernia').

PMID- 13691025
TI  - Observations about retrograde brachial cerebral angiography in children (analysis
      of 100 aortographies and 28 cerebral angiographies via the brachial artery).

PMID- 13691026
TI  - [Advances in surgery of children: progress in neurosurgery].

PMID- 13691027
TI  - [So-called myeloplaxic tumor of the nasal septum (apropos of a case)].

PMID- 13691028
TI  - [Apropos of 54 cases of malignant tumors of the maxillary sinus treated at the
      C.A.C. of Marseilles, from 1934 to 1956].

PMID- 13691029
TI  - [New preventive treatment of infections caused by permanent catheters].

PMID- 13691030
TI  - [Rheumatic fever].

PMID- 13691031
TI  - [Rheumatic fever].

PMID- 13691032
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the biogenesis of cardenolide glycosides in
      "Digitalis purpurea L."].

PMID- 13691033
TI  - [On the isothiocyanate compounds of Matthiola tristis (L.) R. Br].

PMID- 13691034
TI  - [Extracranial origins of cerebral circulatory insufficiency].

PMID- 13691035
TI  - [Subarachnoid hemorrhages].

PMID- 13691036
TI  - [Research on an alpha-galactosidase of bacterial origin].

PMID- 13691037
TI  - [Clinical trials with protipendyl chlorhydrate].

PMID- 13691039
TI  - [Brucella and its relation with the infected host].

PMID- 13691040
TI  - [Treatment of duodenal ulcers with total gastroduodenal extracts].

PMID- 13691038
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the sheep abortion virus: its incidence in human
      pathology].

PMID- 13691041
TI  - A reassessment of the surgical treatment of severe contractures of the hip joints
      following poliomyelitis.

PMID- 13691042
TI  - [Malaria from transfusion: possibilities of prevention].

PMID- 13691043
TI  - [Treatment of whitlows. Comparative study].

PMID- 13691044
TI  - [Auto-rhythmic function of the nerve of Akiyama].

PMID- 13691045
TI  - [On the prevention of keloid formation].

PMID- 13691046
TI  - [On the surgical treatment of rhagades at the corners of the mouth].

PMID- 13691047
TI  - Motility and flagellation of Corynebacterium vesiculare Busing. Doll, and
      Freytag.

PMID- 13691048
TI  - Augmentation of toxicity of monoamine oxidase inhibitor by thyroid feeding.

PMID- 13691049
TI  - [The organizaton of first aid: a task of industrial medicine].

PMID- 13691050
TI  - [Rehabilitation in Norway].

PMID- 13691051
TI  - [What is industrial medicine?].

PMID- 13691052
TI  - [Clinical and medicolegal aspects on the sequelae of fractures of the tibial
      spine].

PMID- 13691054
TI  - [On a case of hemorrhagic medulloblastoma of the cerebellum. (Anatomoclinical
      contribution)].

PMID- 13691053
TI  - [Cerebellar hemorrhage of probable traumatic origin].

PMID- 13691055
TI  - [Pedunculopontine hemorrhage recurrent during an abscess of the right
      temporofrontal region. Anatomoclinical case].

PMID- 13691056
TI  - [Paget's bone disease: medicoleoal considerations on the subject of disability in
      the legal sense].

PMID- 13691057
TI  - Extraversion-introversion as a dimension of personality: a reappraisal.

PMID- 13691058
TI  - The effect of maternal prediabetes.

PMID- 13691059
TI  - [ASHFORD, man of multiple facets; his fondness for mycology].

PMID- 13691060
TI  - [Narcotine. A new antitussive medicament of great value in chronic pulmonary
      diseases].

PMID- 13691061
TI  - [Colosigmoiditis and chronic constipation].

PMID- 13691062
TI  - [Prolapse of the gastric mucosa into the duodenum and pyloric cancer].

PMID- 13691063
TI  - Protection from x-ray.

PMID- 13691064
TI  - Triacetyloleandomycin with triple sulfa. Its role in the control of
      staphylococcus and streptococcus infections in the urinary tract.

PMID- 13691066
TI  - Pyelonephritis.

PMID- 13691065
TI  - The use of colymycin in chronic urinary infections due to Pseudomonas
      aeuroginosa.

PMID- 13691067
TI  - The persistence of high body sodium in previously edematous patients with heart
      disease.

PMID- 13691068
TI  - Hypocaloric feeding and radiation tolerance.

PMID- 13691069
TI  - Hypocaloric feeding and radiation tolerance.

PMID- 13691070
TI  - Residual radiation injury evidenced by impaired regrowth of realimented
      hypocalorically reared rats.

PMID- 13691071
TI  - Quantitative estimation of peak areas in gas-liquid chromatography.

PMID- 13691072
TI  - Separation of lipid classes by chromatography on Florisil.

PMID- 13691073
TI  - Giardiasis and uveitis.

PMID- 13691075
TI  - Complications of diverticulitis of the large bowel. Therapeutic management.

PMID- 13691074
TI  - The pharmacology of a new oxazolidinone with anticonvulsant, analgetic and muscle
      relaxant properties.

PMID- 13691076
TI  - Diverticula, diverticulosis and diverticulitis of the colon: indications for
      operation and refinement of surgical technic.

PMID- 13691077
TI  - Changes in the bronchial epithelium in primary lung cancer.

PMID- 13691078
TI  - The histology of lung cancer.

PMID- 13691079
TI  - [Scalenus anticus syndrome].

PMID- 13691080
TI  - [Treatment of Huet's syndrome].

PMID- 13691081
TI  - [Chloroquine 2, 5-dihydroxybenzoate. New therapeutic agent for rheumatoid
      arthritis. I. Experimental study].

PMID- 13691082
TI  - [Penicillin in the blood after injections of benzathine penicillin in the
      prophylaxis of acute articular rheumatism. Critical study].

PMID- 13691083
TI  - [Septic arthritis in the course of rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 13691084
TI  - [The biorhythm of urinary 11-hydroxy-corticoids and 17-ketosteroids].

PMID- 13691085
TI  - [Gastric phytobezoar (clinical considerations)].

PMID- 13691086
TI  - [A new nitrofuran derivative in therapy].

PMID- 13691087
TI  - Esterase distribution in mouse liver.

PMID- 13691088
TI  - Influence of hair growth cycle on lipid composition of mouse epidermis and
      dermis.

PMID- 13691089
TI  - The lipide composition of epidermis and dermis of mice undergoing carcinogenesis
      by methylcholanthrene.

PMID- 13691090
TI  - Debridement and synovectomy of the knee joint.

PMID- 13691091
TI  - Mild hereditary spherocytosis--a family study.

PMID- 13691092
TI  - Kingston General Hospital. New W.T. Connell Wing.

PMID- 13691093
TI  - Antidepressant drugs in psychiatry.

PMID- 13691094
TI  - Pleuropneumonia-like (mycoplasma) infections of tissue culture.

PMID- 13691095
TI  - The use and limitations of the fluorescent antibody technic in the identification
      and localization of viruses.

PMID- 13691096
TI  - [Blunt injuries of the hollow abdominal organs].

PMID- 13691097
TI  - [60th anniversary of Dr. Stefan FRASTACKY].

PMID- 13691098
TI  - Pseudo-tuberculoma silicoticum. Spontaneous clearance of the cutaneous lesions.

PMID- 13691099
TI  - An inservice training program for sanitarians in Virginia.

PMID- 13691100
TI  - Letter constraints within words in printed English.

PMID- 13691101
TI  - A review of the methods for laboratory diagnosis of poliomyelitis.

PMID- 13691102
TI  - Relative fitness of genetically open and closed experimental populations of
      Drosophila robusta.

PMID- 13691104
TI  - Artificial respiration.

PMID- 13691103
TI  - The electroencephalogram in pediatrics. The indications for use and the
      limitations.
AB  - Electroencephalograms normally undergo pronounced serial changes during
      maturation of the brain. Many physiological and nonphysiological influences may
      alter the EEG tracing. As regards EEG's, appraisal of cerebral function is based
      on comparison with normal standards of frequency, rhythm, wave configuration and
      amplitude, bilateral synchrony, and response to various physiological stimuli.
      Various abnormal EEG patterns are fairly constantly related to concomitant
      clinical disease.A laboratory tool which may be used to supplement clinical data
      but not to make a clinical diagnosis, the EEG may also sometimes be of value in
      helping to suggest prognosis and in helping with evaluation of a therapeutic
      program.

PMID- 13691105
TI  - Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in hemolytic anemia.

PMID- 13691106
TI  - The effects of anaesthesia on irradiated animals.

PMID- 13691107
TI  - Responses of animals inhaling the decomposition products of six lubricating oils.

PMID- 13691108
TI  - Characteristics of the suicide-prone.

PMID- 13691109
TI  - Research in social psychiatry.

PMID- 13691110
TI  - [Electron microscopic studies on the sinus wall of the human fetal liver].

PMID- 13691111
TI  - The mechanism of the absorption of ultrasound in biological materials.

PMID- 13691112
TI  - [Homologous aortic transplantation after preservation by imbedding in plastic in
      animal experiments].

PMID- 13691113
TI  - [On the clinical aspects of closed traumatic aortic rupture].

PMID- 13691114
TI  - Demonstration of aldosterone and corticosterone as the principal steroids formed
      in incubates of adrenals of the American bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) and
      stimulation of their production by mammalian adrenocorticotropin.

PMID- 13691115
TI  - Baseball fingers.

PMID- 13691116
TI  - [Study of the cholinesterase and phosphatase activity of the membrane of the
      erythrocyte].

PMID- 13691117
TI  - [Simplification of the colorimetric method using hydroxyl amine for the
      determination of penicillin in fermentation media and in the final salts].

PMID- 13691118
TI  - [Anhidrotic ectodermal polydsyplasia].

PMID- 13691120
TI  - [The Soviet pediatric literature in the year 1959].

PMID- 13691119
TI  - [Anhidrotic ectodermal polydysplasia].

PMID- 13691121
TI  - Cardiac myxomata and aortic saddle embolism.

PMID- 13691122
TI  - Anticoagulant treatment in progressing stroke.

PMID- 13691123
TI  - Ingravescent cerebral infarction.

PMID- 13691124
TI  - Use of anticoagulants in patients with progressive cerebral infarction.

PMID- 13691125
TI  - [Cerebrovascular disease. Personal evaluation of anticoagulant therapy].

PMID- 13691126
TI  - Some experiments on acquired immunological tolerance in the goat.

PMID- 13691127
TI  - Actual length of diastasis for regurgitation through normal mitral valve;
      cinefluorographic demonstration.

PMID- 13691128
TI  - Modification of analgetic tolerance to phenazocine (prinadol) by phenothiazines
      in the rat.

PMID- 13691129
TI  - Carphenazine in mental defectives: a specific antiemetic.

PMID- 13691130
TI  - Isocarboxazid in the institutionalized mentally retarded.

PMID- 13691131
TI  - Chromosome translocation as a cause of familial mongolism.

PMID- 13691132
TI  - The birthplaces of parents and grandparents of a series of patients with
      phenylketonuria in in south-east England.

PMID- 13691133
TI  - The inheritance of congenital pyloric stenosis.

PMID- 13691134
TI  - Myocardial metabolism during perfusion of the coronary circulation with gaseous
      oxygen.

PMID- 13691135
TI  - Studies in fixation disparity. 3. The apparent uniocular components of fixation
      disparity.

PMID- 13691136
TI  - A comparison of the effects of general hypothermia and arfonad-induced
      hypotension on survival of dogs after temporary acute occlusion of the portal
      vein.

PMID- 13691137
TI  - Squamous cell carcinoma of the vagina following vaginal hysterectomy for
      intraepithelial carcinoma of the cervix.

PMID- 13691139
TI  - Some responses of rats to whole body mechanical vibration. II. Metabolic gas
      exchange.

PMID- 13691138
TI  - Cardiovascular effects of common intravenous oxytocics.

PMID- 13691140
TI  - Formiminoglutamic acid (FIGLU) excretion in hepatic cirrhosis.

PMID- 13691141
TI  - Paediatrics in Freetown, Sierra Leone.

PMID- 13691142
TI  - Biochemistry of the sphingolipids. XIII. Determination of the structure of
      cerebrosides from wheat flour.

PMID- 13691143
TI  - The isolation and structure of cerebrosides from wheat flour.

PMID- 13691144
TI  - Iodide "mumps".

PMID- 13691145
TI  - Changes in the hepatic blood vessels in cirrhosis of the liver.

PMID- 13691146
TI  - The effect of genistin and its aglycone on weight gain in the mouse.

PMID- 13691147
TI  - Hyponatremia in cerebral disease resulting from the inappropriate secretion of
      antidiuretic hormone.

PMID- 13691148
TI  - Acute sigmoid volvulus in children.

PMID- 13691149
TI  - Nitrofurantoin (Furadantin). Use of intravenous forms in resistant surgical
      infections: a preliminary report on 25 patients.
AB  - Twenty-five patients with severe and unusually resistant bacterial infections
      were treated with nitrofurantoin given intravenously.Twelve patients were
      classified as cured and seven as improved. In two cases there was no observable
      benefit. The other four patients, all moribund at the beginning of nitrofurantoin
      therapy, died. No significant toxic reaction to the drug was noted except for a
      tendency to metabolic acidosis in five patients in a state of shock after
      treatment with nitrofurantoin (Furadantin(R) intravenous solution). In no case
      was there evidence of impaired hematopoiesis. From this preliminary report it
      appeared that nitrofurantoin for intravenous use is justified in the treatment of
      gravely ill patients with surgical infections resistant to other antimicrobial
      drugs.

PMID- 13691150
TI  - A clinical and postmortem study of acute ulcerative esophagitis and
      enterocolitis.

PMID- 13691151
TI  - The intercellular substances of bone marrow. I. Preliminary studies of the
      physical and chemical character of the intercellular bone marrow substances in
      normal rabbits.

PMID- 13691152
TI  - Studies on the relationship of viral infections to leukemia in mice. III. Failure
      to demonstrate acceleration of leukemia in mature AKR mice by cell-free brain
      filtrates from leukemic animals of the same strain.

PMID- 13691153
TI  - Acute hemolytic anemia during sulfonamide therapy.

PMID- 13691154
TI  - Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis. Report of a case with roentgen findings.

PMID- 13691155
TI  - Roentgenologic aspects of hip limp in childhood.

PMID- 13691156
TI  - Effect of convulsants on brain glycogen in the mouse.

PMID- 13691157
TI  - A further case of torsion of the pregnant uterus.

PMID- 13691158
TI  - Ecological aspects of plant virus transmissions.

PMID- 13691159
TI  - The effects of the psychotherapeutic drugs, glutethimide, meprobamate and
      ectylurea on dental patients.

PMID- 13691160
TI  - [Considerations on 2 cases of surgically-treated neurinoma of the trigeminal
      nerve with supra- and sub-tentorial development].

PMID- 13691161
TI  - [Apropos of sodium iodoheparinate labeled with I-131].

PMID- 13691162
TI  - Wardrobe for an entire hospital.

PMID- 13691163
TI  - Surgery of occlusive disease of extracranial vessels supplying the brain.

PMID- 13691164
TI  - A plastic adhesive method of small blood vessel surgery.

PMID- 13691165
TI  - Experimental studies in surgery of small blood vessels. II. Patching of
      arteriotomy using a plastic adhesive.

PMID- 13691166
TI  - Experimental studies in the surgery of small blood vessels. IV. Nonsuture
      anastomosis of arteries and veins, using flanged ring prostheses and plastic
      adhesive.

PMID- 13691167
TI  - Isolation and study of the elastic tissue network of the lung in three
      dimensions.

PMID- 13691168
TI  - Health hazards of cigarette smoking. Current popular beliefs.

PMID- 13691169
TI  - The work of a nurse employed in a general practice.

PMID- 13691170
TI  - Length of therapy in relation to outcome and change in personal integration.

PMID- 13691171
TI  - The size distribution of coal and rock dusts in the electron and optical
      microscope ranges.

PMID- 13691172
TI  - A study of the physiological changes in the lungs during cardiopulmonary bypass.

PMID- 13691174
TI  - Some aspects of coronary artery disease.

PMID- 13691173
TI  - Experiences in extracorporeal circulation.

PMID- 13691175
TI  - Neuramin-lactose sulfate, a new compound isolated from the mammary gland of rats.

PMID- 13691176
TI  - [Considerations on the long-term prognosis of intermediate angina and myocardium
      infarct].

PMID- 13691177
TI  - [Method resuscitation with expired air].

PMID- 13691178
TI  - [On a case of ornithosis with pleural reaction].

PMID- 13691179
TI  - [Oleandomycin and the oleandomycin-tetracycline combination in the therapy of
      brucellosis].

PMID- 13691180
TI  - [Complications of enzymatic zonulolysis and measures for avoiding and correcting
      them].

PMID- 13691182
TI  - [On findings of E. histolytica in feces of hospitalized subjects].

PMID- 13691181
TI  - [Duodenal diverticulum].

PMID- 13691183
TI  - [On the periodicity of the elimination of E. histolytica cysts].

PMID- 13691184
TI  - [Further findings on the relation between properdin and lysozyme].

PMID- 13691185
TI  - [Syndrome of obstruction of the left main bronchus caused by aortic aneurysm].

PMID- 13691186
TI  - [The heart in chronic vesical retention caused by prostatic hypertrophy.
      Electrocardiographic aspects].

PMID- 13691187
TI  - [The aortic arch syndrome or Takayashu's disease].

PMID- 13691188
TI  - [The electrocardiogram in swinging of the mediastinum. With special reference to
      spontaneous and induced pneumothorax].

PMID- 13691189
TI  - [Ancylostomiasis in childhood].

PMID- 13691190
TI  - [Aides for the knowledge and identification of intermediate hosts of human
      schisotosomes in Angola. I. Bulinus].

PMID- 13691191
TI  - [Stenosing periureteritis idiopathica. New contribution to the diagnosis and
      therapy].

PMID- 13691192
TI  - [Pathological anatomy of drepanocytosis (study of 7 cases)].

PMID- 13691193
TI  - [Study of the allergens in cases of bronchial asthma. The changes in blood
      proteins before and after desensitization (Preliminary tests)].

PMID- 13691194
TI  - [The use of triflupromazine in mental disorders. Clinical contribution on 40
      cases].

PMID- 13691196
TI  - [Diagnosis of rupture of the fetal membranes by amniotic fluid crystallization].

PMID- 13691195
TI  - [Advances in antibiotic therapy].

PMID- 13691197
TI  - [Glutamic oxalacetic and pyruvic transaminases in gestoses].

PMID- 13691198
TI  - [Clinical treatment of varicose veins with "Circanetten". Contribution to its
      study].

PMID- 13691199
TI  - [Value of hospital technic in the development of leprosy infirmaries].

PMID- 13691200
TI  - [Glucose solution in endoscopic resections of the prostate].

PMID- 13691201
TI  - [New studies and suggestions on electroencephalography in focal epliepsy].

PMID- 13691202
TI  - [Agenesis of the left abdominal muscles associated with talipes equinovarus.
      (Presentation of a case)].

PMID- 13691203
TI  - [Contribution to the study of bilharziasis at the site of the headquarters of the
      Health Commission of the Ganguelas].

PMID- 13691204
TI  - Well counting modification of Schilling (Co60B12) test.

PMID- 13691205
TI  - Therapeutic abortion and sterilization: experience with committee control.

PMID- 13691206
TI  - Aminoaciduria in representative neuromuscular disorders.

PMID- 13691207
TI  - Evaluation of a cholesterol-synthesis inhibitor (triparanol).

PMID- 13691208
TI  - The action of a phenothiazine derivative on enzymes of the pentose phosphate
      pathway.

PMID- 13691210
TI  - Studies on serum protein fractions from mongoloids.

PMID- 13691209
TI  - Stimulation of erythrocyte metabolism by menadione.

PMID- 13691211
TI  - Changes in the motor action of the esophagus and the gastroesophageal sphincter
      after vagotomy in dogs.

PMID- 13691212
TI  - Symptomatic venous hum. Report of a case.

PMID- 13691213
TI  - Amniocentesis in haemolytic disease of the newborn.

PMID- 13691214
TI  - Allergy and mongoloidism.

PMID- 13691215
TI  - [Biochemical and immunological characteristics of streptolysin O].

PMID- 13691216
TI  - [Clinico-statistical contribution to the problem of latent phlebothrombosis in
      internal medicine].

PMID- 13691217
TI  - [Psychotherapy and drug therapy of respiratory diseases. (Advisability of
      systematic investigation of physical and mental etiological factors)].

PMID- 13691218
TI  - [On the therapeutic use of a new orotic acid salt (choline orotate)].

PMID- 13691219
TI  - [Inactivation in vitro of human chorionic gonadotropin by fetal blood].

PMID- 13691220
TI  - [On the hypertension II therapy of acute peripheral circulatory insufficiency in
      obstetrics].

PMID- 13691221
TI  - [Progestational steroids and the phenomenon of diastasis of the public symphysis.
      Experimental investigations].

PMID- 13691222
TI  - [Interference between splenic extracts and estrogen hormones. (Experimental
      contribution)].

PMID- 13691223
TI  - [Circumscribed and pedicled ovarian fibroma].

PMID- 13691224
TI  - [Nicolas-Favre disease. Its surgical treatment].

PMID- 13691225
TI  - [Desmoid tumors of the sacrococcygeal region and the anterior abdominal wall].

PMID- 13691226
TI  - [Lymphosarcoma of the stomach].

PMID- 13691227
TI  - [Rectal prolapse].

PMID- 13691228
TI  - [Comparative study of the antigen structure of the liver of patients with
      epidemic hepatitis and healthy subjects].

PMID- 13691230
TI  - [Griseofulvin and the dermatomycoses].

PMID- 13691229
TI  - [Generalized exfoliative dermatitis with loss of of hair and anemia after
      nivaquine administration].

PMID- 13691231
TI  - [Occupational dermatitis due to synthetic rubber].

PMID- 13691232
TI  - [The quality of dairy products].

PMID- 13691233
TI  - Group C, a new serological group of hitherto undescribed arthropod-borne viruses.
      Immunological studies.

PMID- 13691234
TI  - Procedures for identification of arthropod-borne viruses.
AB  - Owing to the existence of antigenic groups and to the consequent characteristics
      of the immune response of a host to grouped viruses, certain logical steps are
      advisable in the process of identification of an arthropod-borne (arbor) virus.
      The first of these steps is the determination of the arthropod-borne nature of
      the virus. Since no antigenic property is known to be common to all arbor
      viruses, the decision is based on other biological properties and on the
      circumstances of isolation. The second step is determination of the antigenic
      group. For this are used hyperimmune sera with considerable cross-reactivity
      within the group, as well as the test that gives the most overlap. The third step
      is determination of type within the group. Simple immune sera and the least cross
      reactive test are used at this step.Viruses that belong in minor groups or are
      ungrouped often constitute a big problem owing to the fact that, once the major
      groups have been eliminated from further consideration, comparative studies must
      be conducted with practically all the remaining viruses before a definitive
      answer is reached.

PMID- 13691236
TI  - [Cancers of the liver].

PMID- 13691235
TI  - [Hyperbilirubinemia in the premature infant].

PMID- 13691237
TI  - [The treatment of cirrhosis of the liver by arginine].

PMID- 13691239
TI  - [Auditivo-visual synesthesic phenomena].

PMID- 13691238
TI  - [Ocular surgery in trachoma].

PMID- 13691240
TI  - [The value of lumbar sympathectomy in peripheral arteriosclerosis].

PMID- 13691241
TI  - [Postphlebitic syndrome].

PMID- 13691243
TI  - Relation of adrenal cortical volume to survival after x-irradiation.

PMID- 13691242
TI  - [Different neoplasms treated with massive doses of cyclophosphamide].

PMID- 13691244
TI  - Retention and fate of iridium-192 in rats following inhalation.

PMID- 13691246
TI  - [Further research on the morphological and dynamic aspects of nuclear
      reconstruction. (Studies using phase-contrast microcinematography)].

PMID- 13691245
TI  - Steroids. 159. Antimicrobial properties of 21,21-dimethoxy progesterone and other
      progesterone analogues.

PMID- 13691247
TI  - [The peripheral circulation of aged subjects studied with a radioisotope method
      (I 131-albumin)].

PMID- 13691248
TI  - [On the relation between tuberculosis and diabetes. The test of diaphoresis in
      100 tuberculotics].

PMID- 13691249
TI  - Medical education in symmetry.

PMID- 13691250
TI  - The effects of "examinations in crises" on the study motivations of medical
      students.

PMID- 13691251
TI  - Effect of bacterial endotoxemia on succinic dehydrogenase of liver and kidney of
      rabbit.

PMID- 13691252
TI  - Physical and metabolic factors in diffusion of solutes into tissue slices.

PMID- 13691253
TI  - [Contribution to the fracture of the cervical transverse apophyses associated
      with lesions of the homologous brachial plexus].

PMID- 13691254
TI  - [On a case of leiomyoma of the esophagus].

PMID- 13691255
TI  - [Plastic surgery of the foot].

PMID- 13691256
TI  - Repair of femoral hernia by the Henry approach.

PMID- 13691257
TI  - The care and feeding of nonconformists.

PMID- 13691258
TI  - [Serological studies with Aeromonas strains].

PMID- 13691259
TI  - [Antihemolysin studies and their differential diagnostic significance for the
      Aeromonas group].

PMID- 13691260
TI  - [Description of a thermofluximetric device attached to an intravascular
      catheter].

PMID- 13691261
TI  - [Surgery of mitral stenosis in relation to the route of approach].

PMID- 13691262
TI  - [Behavior of cocarboxyiase and pyruvic acid in rats subjected to various
      hypolipidic diets].

PMID- 13691263
TI  - [Research on the determinism of the inhibition of staining of specific mast cell
      granulations induced by various proteins].

PMID- 13691264
TI  - Inhibition of exogenous and endogenous pyrogens by lysozyme.

PMID- 13691265
TI  - [The parathyroid glands. Anatomy; physiopathology; clinical aspects].

PMID- 13691267
TI  - A list of findings in and some recent approaches towards biological control of
      fertility.

PMID- 13691266
TI  - [Clinical experiences with a new antibiotic combination].

PMID- 13691268
TI  - Combined drug therapy of chronic schizophrenics. Controlled evaluation of
      placebo, dextro-amphetamine, imipiramine, isocarboxazid and trifluoperazine added
      to maintenance doses of chlorpromazine.

PMID- 13691269
TI  - Chronic cor pulmonale associated with lipoid pneumonia.

PMID- 13691270
TI  - The care of the psychiatric patient in Europe.

PMID- 13691271
TI  - Bone sodium in surgical operations and disease.

PMID- 13691272
TI  - Maternal mortality in Montana.

PMID- 13691273
TI  - Two cases of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease.

PMID- 13691275
TI  - Metastatic tumors of the jaws.

PMID- 13691274
TI  - [Reactions to antibiotics].

PMID- 13691276
TI  - The backward child. Aetiology.

PMID- 13691277
TI  - The backward child.

PMID- 13691278
TI  - The backward child. Treatment.

PMID- 13691279
TI  - Musculo-fascial anomalies of the orbit.

PMID- 13691280
TI  - The hypermature cataract.

PMID- 13691281
TI  - A controlled trial of "gerioptil".

PMID- 13691282
TI  - Monoplegia and Horner's syndrome from pressure palsy. Report of a case and
      anatomical discussion.

PMID- 13691283
TI  - Psychiatric aspects of acute porphyria.

PMID- 13691284
TI  - [Ist results in the use, in psychiatric therapy, of a new neuroleptic drug:
      thioidazine (Melleril)].

PMID- 13691285
TI  - Toxic hazard from formulating the insecticide dimethoate in methyl 'Cellosolve'.

PMID- 13691286
TI  - Specificity of substituted phenyl phosphorus compounds for esterase inhibition in
      mice.

PMID- 13691287
TI  - [Fibrinogen: preparation from a fibrinogen-tannin complex].

PMID- 13691288
TI  - [Naturopaths and physicians, friends or enemies].

PMID- 13691289
TI  - [Clinical contribution in geriatric anesthesia with anesthetic steroids].

PMID- 13691290
TI  - [The structure of the alkaloid of Skytanthus acutus Meyen].

PMID- 13691291
TI  - Methods for the preparatory fractionation of alkaloids obtained from the South
      American Strychnos. XII. Research on the curarizing alkaloids of various species
      of Brazilian strychnos. Alkaloids of S. Parvifolia.

PMID- 13691292
TI  - [Full proximal subtotal gastrectomy and difficulty in evacuation].

PMID- 13691293
TI  - [Occult cancer of the breast with a clinical axillary onset].

PMID- 13691294
TI  - [Treatment of hydatid disease of the liver].

PMID- 13691295
TI  - [Clinico-experimental findings on the correlations between acutely inlevels in
      healthy and diabetic subjects].

PMID- 13691296
TI  - [Angiohemophilia: presentation of a case].

PMID- 13691297
TI  - [Dexamethasone and hydrosaline metabolism].

PMID- 13691298
TI  - [Influence of potassium orotate on hydrosaline metabolism in patients of liver
      disease].

PMID- 13691299
TI  - A training program for occupational therapy assistants.

PMID- 13691300
TI  - Sprengel's deformity.

PMID- 13691301
TI  - The structure of normal small lymphatics.

PMID- 13691302
TI  - [Ergospirometry as a means of functional investigation of respiratory
      insufficiency].

PMID- 13691304
TI  - [Clinico-radiological observations on cavernoliths].

PMID- 13691305
TI  - [Contribution to the study of tubercular hilomediastinal adenopathies in the
      adult].

PMID- 13691303
TI  - [On the work rehabilitation capacity of former patients of pulmonary
      tuberculosis. III. The effect of training on the functinal responses of the
      cardiopulmonary system to an increase of energy requirements caused by the work
      of gardening].

PMID- 13691306
TI  - Genic control of development.

PMID- 13691307
TI  - Rates of uterine cancers in Jewish women in Israel and New York City.

PMID- 13691309
TI  - Quantitative cytochemical methods for the study of tumour cell populations.

PMID- 13691308
TI  - [The effect of substance P on the dentrite potendal and the direct current
      components of the neocortex].

PMID- 13691310
TI  - Evaluation by cytochemical techniques of effect of external agents on tumor
      growth.

PMID- 13691311
TI  - A guide to production, care and use of laboratory animals: an annotated
      bibliography.

PMID- 13691312
TI  - Fluorides: a critical review. IV. Response of livestock and poultry to absorption
      of inorganic fluorides.

PMID- 13691313
TI  - The correlation of pain relief with blood nitrate levels in angina pectoris when
      treated with pentaerythritol tetranitrate.

PMID- 13691314
TI  - A controlled clinical evaluation of the appetite suppressant, benzphetamine, with
      and without the tranquilizer, ectylures.

PMID- 13691315
TI  - A new method of measuring the effect of drugs on performance.

PMID- 13691316
TI  - A new nonnarcotic analgesic, prodilidine hydrochloride.

PMID- 13691317
TI  - Experimental and statistical problems in the study of new drugs.

PMID- 13691318
TI  - Physical dependence potentiality of analgesics.

PMID- 13691319
TI  - A clinical investigation of a concentrated food substance (Calorid) as the total
      caloric intake.

PMID- 13691320
TI  - Evaluation of phendimetrazine bitartrate as an appetite suppressant.

PMID- 13691321
TI  - The clinical evaluation of a new sustained-release antitussive of low narcotic
      content.

PMID- 13691322
TI  - Corneal contact lenses. Report of a series of 300 cases.

PMID- 13691323
TI  - Toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis.

PMID- 13691324
TI  - [Audiometric observations in beer factory workers].

PMID- 13691325
TI  - [Physiological premise to research on the olfactory sense in the field of work
      activity].

PMID- 13691326
TI  - [Preventive medicine for those who work in ports and at sea].

PMID- 13691327
TI  - [The goiter of puberty. Clinical and pathogenetic considerations on 170 cases].

PMID- 13691328
TI  - [Nephrotic syndrome: physiopathological and histopathogenetic correlations with
      glomerulonephritis].

PMID- 13691329
TI  - [Various findings on urinary excretion of aldosterone during normal pregnancy].

PMID- 13691330
TI  - Documents written on wood during the plague of 1813 in Malta.

PMID- 13691331
TI  - Edwin Miller SNOW: an important American public health ploneer.

PMID- 13691332
TI  - Diagnostic clinic: digestive disease.

PMID- 13691333
TI  - Epidemiological analysis of the health implications of culture change: a
      conceptual model.

PMID- 13691334
TI  - Epidemiological studies of culture change. I. Health status and recency of
      industrialization.

PMID- 13691335
TI  - California test of mental maturity b weights for predicting a composite score on
      the Iowa tests of educational development.

PMID- 13691336
TI  - A construct validity study on a leadership and a social insight tests for 200
      college freshmen students.

PMID- 13691337
TI  - Expected educational, occupational, and personal development for five discernible
      groups of "educable but mentally handicapped" students.

PMID- 13691338
TI  - Changes in the recipient's plasma hemoglobin concentration after transfusion with
      stored blood.

PMID- 13691339
TI  - [Hereditary spherocytosis: a case with superimposed hemolysis due to antibodies].

PMID- 13691340
TI  - [Juridicial outline of professional responsibility in corrective dermatology].

PMID- 13691341
TI  - [Anesthesia in operations on the peripheral blood circulation].

PMID- 13691343
TI  - [Right and left vagal innervation in the regulation of gastric pH].

PMID- 13691342
TI  - [Importance of the spleen in corporeal growth in herbivores of small size].

PMID- 13691344
TI  - A familial occurrence of hyperparathyroidism caused by multiple parathyroid
      adenomas.

PMID- 13691346
TI  - Systemic lupus erythematosus presenting as bronchiectasis.

PMID- 13691345
TI  - Cushing's disease caused by pituitary chromophobe adenomas in two patients.

PMID- 13691347
TI  - Pulmonary agenesis.

PMID- 13691349
TI  - Open day in a mental hospital.

PMID- 13691348
TI  - Aldrich's syndrome (thrombocytopenia, eczema, and recurrent infections). Report
      of a case.

PMID- 13691350
TI  - Cerebral enzyme changes and tolerance to anoxia during maturation in the rabbit.

PMID- 13691351
TI  - [Endocranial arachnoid cysts].

PMID- 13691352
TI  - [Prognostic value of electroencephalography in tumors of the posteriro cranial
      fossa].

PMID- 13691353
TI  - [Test of the pathogenic power of Mycobacterium marianum for the guinea pig by
      means of induction of an exudate of macrophages and suppression of natural
      resistance].

PMID- 13691354
TI  - [Micrococcus violagabriellae (Castellani, 1955)].

PMID- 13691355
TI  - [Megaloblastic anemia in infancv].

PMID- 13691356
TI  - [Considerations on 29 cases of purulent meningitis in the child].

PMID- 13691357
TI  - [On intra-arterial oxygen insufflation and evaluation of its effect in the
      rheogram].

PMID- 13691358
TI  - [On a new technic for studying experimental blood lipid disorders].

PMID- 13691359
TI  - [How to make a choice between various anti-epileptic drugs].

PMID- 13691360
TI  - [On a case of presenile dementia with cortical blindness and myoclonias].

PMID- 13691361
TI  - [On a case of transitory encephalopathy caused by pyridoxine deficiency during
      prolonged isoniazid treatment].

PMID- 13691363
TI  - [Topographical forms of encephalomalacia].

PMID- 13691362
TI  - [Distal thrombosis of the right anterior cerebral artery with abnormalities of
      the motor behavior of the left arm (magnetic apraxia)].

PMID- 13691364
TI  - [Therapy of comas due to cerebrovascular accidents].

PMID- 13691365
TI  - [The antero-superior support of the femur head. Its radiological study].

PMID- 13691366
TI  - [Surgical uses of new fluorescent organic compounds].

PMID- 13691367
TI  - [Therapeutic report concerning grave respiratory insufficiency in acute anterior
      poliomyelitis].

PMID- 13691368
TI  - [Curable acute polyradiculoneuritis with albumino-cytological dissociation in the
      C.S.F. secondary to measles].

PMID- 13691369
TI  - [Post-traumatic anuria for 27 days, necessitating prolonged respiratory
      assistance and 6 epurations with the artificial kidney. Recovery. Relations
      between hyperkalemia and respiratory function].

PMID- 13691370
TI  - Surgery for fallopian tube occlusion.

PMID- 13691371
TI  - Psychosomatic aspects of gynecology.

PMID- 13691372
TI  - Malignant degeneration in burn scars.
AB  - The malignant potential of burn scars has been recognized since Marjolin's
      classical description of cancer arising in several types of post-traumatic scars.
      With improved burn therapy since the last war, there has been a higher survival
      rate of severe burns with proportionate increase in cancer associated with burn
      scars. This will create increasing problems of permanent disability and
      compensation. The younger the patient at the time of the burn, the longer the
      time required for the cancer to develop. Acute cancer development in burn scars
      has been reported after a four-week interval. Cancer may develop from six weeks
      to fifty years or more. The etiology of cancer in burn scars is not known. The
      most important clinical finding is the fact that most of the burn cancers occur
      in areas which were not grafted. The most common type of cancer encountered in
      burn scars is squamous cell carcinoma, which forms in Marjolin ulcers. Basal cell
      carcinoma may develop in the most superficial of burn scars.Treatment should be
      directed primarily to prompt and adequate skin grafting in all deep burns in
      order to prevent malignant degeneration of the burn scars. Once it has developed
      the treatment is the same as for other malignancies which are not associated with
      burns. Wide surgical excision with block dissection of the regional lymph nodes
      when they are involved is the treatment of choice. The prognosis of burn scar
      cancer is poor, once the process has extended because of early and distant
      metastasis.

PMID- 13691373
TI  - Associative characteristics of sixty-three adjectives and their relation to
      verbal paired-associate learning in children.

PMID- 13691374
TI  - Antral hyperfunction following portacaval shunt.

PMID- 13691375
TI  - The role of the small intestine in gastric hypersecretion following portacaval
      shunt.

PMID- 13691376
TI  - Differential relation of latency and response vigor to stimulus similarity in
      brightness discrimination.

PMID- 13691378
TI  - Supplementary report: differential position habits and anxiety in children as
      determinants of performance in learning.

PMID- 13691377
TI  - Historical development of the surgical mask.

PMID- 13691379
TI  - Effect of ionic strength on the kinetics of trypsin and alpha chymotrypsin.
AB  - The kinetic effects resulting from changes in the medium ionic strength on
      reactions involving trypsin or alpha-chymotrypsin are different. The reaction
      rate increases continuously as the ionic strength increases with alpha
      chymotrypsin. With trypsin, the rate increases at low ionic strengths but as the
      ionic strength further increases a gradual inhibitory effect is observed. The
      effects produced by different salts of various valence types (from uni-univalent
      to uni-trivalent or tri-univalent) are essentially the same, and they are a
      function of the square root of the ionic strength. The quantitative differences
      among the various salts may be accounted for on the basis of individual
      properties of the ions, such as the size of the hydrated ion, "association," etc.
      The effects of salts on the enzymic reactions described herein are amenable to
      the same electrostatic treatment applicable to non-enzymatic reactions. By
      applying Bronsted's basic kinetic concepts and the Debye-Huckel law of
      electrolyte activity, it appears that the salt effects are mainly due to changes
      in the dissociation of ionizable groups. This appears to be a general method for
      analyzing the effect of inorganic ions on enzymic reactions.

PMID- 13691380
TI  - [Lung resection for cancer metastases].

PMID- 13691381
TI  - [Clinical study of the effects of human gamma globulin with high histamino
      protective power in 69 cases of allergic diseases].

PMID- 13691382
TI  - [Role of bacterial allergy in the etiology of certain urticarias].

PMID- 13691383
TI  - [Synthetic antimalarials in dermatology. Study of the action of chloroquine 2,5
      dihydroxybenzoate].

PMID- 13691384
TI  - [Reflexions on bacterial allergy].

PMID- 13691385
TI  - [Oxytocin in intravenous infusion in the treatment of molar pregnancy].

PMID- 13691386
TI  - [A case of the 9th cesarean section].

PMID- 13691387
TI  - [Diabetes mellitus and pregnancy].

PMID- 13691388
TI  - [Symposium on fetal and newborn anoxia. IV. Hypoxia during labor. Etiology,
      clinical diagnosis, prevention and treatment].

PMID- 13691389
TI  - [Use of forceps. Analysis of 250 cases].

PMID- 13691390
TI  - [Sulfonamide therapy in bronchopulmonary suppurations].

PMID- 13691391
TI  - Elephantiasis nostra and elephantiasis tropica: a comparative study.

PMID- 13691392
TI  - Long term observations on pathogenic fungi in culture.

PMID- 13691393
TI  - [An unusual picture of Italian medicine of the 16th century in the work of
      Alessandro Pascoli, of Perugia].

PMID- 13691394
TI  - [The "medical letter" of Martino Ghisi relating to the "History of Epidemic
      Angina"].

PMID- 13691395
TI  - [Experiences with Gerivit in aged patients].

PMID- 13691396
TI  - [Contribution to the diagnosis of lumbar disk hernia].

PMID- 13691397
TI  - [Radical treatment of saccular aneurysms of the middle cerebral artery with
      special reference to those of the dominant cerebral hemisphere].

PMID- 13691399
TI  - [Chronic atrial tachycardia: a variant form of paroxysmal tachycardia].

PMID- 13691398
TI  - [Ventriculography with positive contrast].

PMID- 13691400
TI  - Unusual forms of heart block in infancy.

PMID- 13691401
TI  - Role of the adrenal cortical system in the response of children to severe protein
      malnutrition.

PMID- 13691403
TI  - [Treatment of purpuras].

PMID- 13691402
TI  - [Hyperglobulinemic purpura].

PMID- 13691405
TI  - [Atopic dermatitis. Clinical study of 214 cases].

PMID- 13691404
TI  - [Evaluation of the cancellation theory of potentials considered as an exponent of
      the dipolar behavior of the heart].

PMID- 13691406
TI  - [Distribution in the organs of the chick of Co58-labeled vitamin B12 administered
      by parenteral route].

PMID- 13691407
TI  - [Research on the hemoglobin and erythrocyte count in the rat with pantothenic
      acid deficiency].

PMID- 13691409
TI  - [On some electroencephalographic findings in enuresis].

PMID- 13691408
TI  - [Control of the antigenic power of vaccine for poliomyelitis prepared with
      inactivated virus].

PMID- 13691410
TI  - [On some electroencephalographic aspects of acetonemic cyclic vomiting].

PMID- 13691411
TI  - [Some considerations on exposure to ionizing radiations].

PMID- 13691412
TI  - [The antigens of mycobacteria].

PMID- 13691413
TI  - [Recent research on the antigenic constitution of some species of mycobacteria].

PMID- 13691414
TI  - [Myc. marinum Aronson 1926 and Myc. platypoecilus Baker and Hagan 1942].

PMID- 13691416
TI  - [Recent observations on the antigenic structure of human Mycobacterium
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 13691415
TI  - [On the antigenic composition of Mycobacterium avium studied by the technic of
      immunoelectrophoresis].

PMID- 13691417
TI  - A new approach to the management of obliterative peripheral arterial disease.

PMID- 13691419
TI  - [Collaboration of dermatology and plastic surgery in the treatment mutilating
      disorders of the skin].

PMID- 13691418
TI  - [Considerations on the ototoxicity of various antibiotics].

PMID- 13691420
TI  - Complexation of transplantation antigens by lysozyme.

PMID- 13691421
TI  - Nucleic acids as transplantation antigens.

PMID- 13691422
TI  - [Electrophoretic study of the antigens in transplantation].

PMID- 13691424
TI  - [Introduction to the problem of grafts].

PMID- 13691423
TI  - [Identification of monosaccharides of transplantation antigens].

PMID- 13691425
TI  - [The transplantation antigens].

PMID- 13691426
TI  - [Blood disorders in young children with voluminous hypodermic angiomas].

PMID- 13691427
TI  - [Kaposi's disease].

PMID- 13691428
TI  - [Medical education in Argentina. Reflections and suggestions].

PMID- 13691429
TI  - [Philosophy and medicine].

PMID- 13691430
TI  - [Nonsuppurative febrile recurrent nodular panniculitis].

PMID- 13691431
TI  - [A contribution to hereditary familial hyperlipemia].

PMID- 13691432
TI  - [Empiricism and clinical science].

PMID- 13691433
TI  - [Heredofamilial hyperlipemia. Etiophysiopathogenesis. Genetic mechanism of the
      innate errors of metabolism].

PMID- 13691434
TI  - [Heredofamilial hyperlipemia. Etiophysiopathogenesis. Genetic mechanisms of the
      inborn errors of metabolism].

PMID- 13691435
TI  - [Hyperlipemia. V].

PMID- 13691436
TI  - [Hyperlipemia].

PMID- 13691437
TI  - [Notes on medical and scientific discoveries].

PMID- 13691438
TI  - A field-shaping device for use in short wave length radiation therapy.

PMID- 13691440
TI  - An aspiration biopsy hoe.

PMID- 13691439
TI  - Incidence of skin graft "takes" after clorpactin XCB wound irrigation in cancer
      surgery. A preliminary study on acceptance of human skin grafts.

PMID- 13691441
TI  - [Transcutaneous intrahepatic cholangiography in biliary obstruction].

PMID- 13691442
TI  - First results of tissue culture in Drosophila.

PMID- 13691443
TI  - [Nursing education].

PMID- 13691444
TI  - [The training of nurses. II. Study of various problems].

PMID- 13691445
TI  - [Blood citrates in apparently healthy subjects].

PMID- 13691446
TI  - A simple linear dye-cuvette for direct recording.

PMID- 13691447
TI  - [Unauthentical existence: a psychotherapeutic problem].

PMID- 13691448
TI  - [Santa Liberata (invoked in sterility and in difficult births)].

PMID- 13691449
TI  - [Physiology of the fenestra rotunda and tympanoplasties].

PMID- 13691450
TI  - [The thermal baths of Cacheuta at the present time].

PMID- 13691451
TI  - [Respiratory complications of diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 13691452
TI  - Phototropism, adaptation, and the light-growth response of Phycomyces.
AB  - Phototropic bending can be initiated without the transient changes in growth
      speed that characterize a light-growth response. The conditions required are a
      change from a symmetric to an asymmetric illumination pattern while the cell
      receives a constant radiant flux. Phototropism is thus basically a steady state
      process. It cannot be founded on differential light-growth responses as in
      Blaauw's theory. A possible model system for the unequal partition of growth
      during steady bending is discussed. The fact that light-growth responses show
      adaptation while phototropic bending does not follows from the different natures
      of the two responses.

PMID- 13691453
TI  - Severe acquired mitral stenosis in childhood and adolescence with special
      reference to radiographic and phonocardiographic features.

PMID- 13691455
TI  - The mechanism of respiratory variation in splitting of the second heart sound.

PMID- 13691454
TI  - Auscultation of the heart in infants and children.

PMID- 13691456
TI  - Clinical recognition of innocent cardiac murmurs in children.

PMID- 13691457
TI  - Functional stresses within full-time departments of medicine.

PMID- 13691458
TI  - Insulin coma treatment at Rusk State Hospital.

PMID- 13691460
TI  - Composition and function of human synovial connective tissue cells measured in
      vitro.

PMID- 13691459
TI  - [Clinical contribution to the therapy of sub-talar fractures of the calcaneum].

PMID- 13691461
TI  - Orbitopneumography as diagnostic aid in a case of orbital neurinoma.

PMID- 13691462
TI  - [Eye disease in children].

PMID- 13691463
TI  - On the permeability of the guinea pig placenta to intravenously injected
      progesterone-4-14C.

PMID- 13691464
TI  - Effect of norethandrolone on the urinary excretion of 17-ketosteroids, total 17
      hydroxycorticosteroids and uropepsin and on the gastric secretory activity.

PMID- 13691465
TI  - [A case of severe shock developing after cesarean section].

PMID- 13691466
TI  - [Life-saving measures in renal failure. Immediate internist measures--the
      artificial kidney as a supplement (not a substitution) to conservative
      treatment].

PMID- 13691467
TI  - [Life-saving measures in renal failure. Immediate internistic measures--The
      artificial kidney as a supplement (not a substitution) of conservative
      treatment].

PMID- 13691468
TI  - [Pseudodiverticulum formation on the greater curvature of the stomach].

PMID- 13691469
TI  - [Atypical course of the esophagus].

PMID- 13691470
TI  - Presacral tumors.

PMID- 13691471
TI  - [Ascaridiasis of the bile ducts (presentation of 7 cases)].

PMID- 13691472
TI  - [Our experience with 100 patients treated with Sintrom].

PMID- 13691473
TI  - [Treatment of arteriosclerotic cutaneous lesions].

PMID- 13691474
TI  - [Importance of gastroscopy in the diagnosis and control of the treatment of
      benign gastric ulcer. Conditions with regard to 109 cases].

PMID- 13691475
TI  - [Technic of oral cholecysto-cholangiography with high doses of iodopanoic acid
      (telepaque)].

PMID- 13691477
TI  - [Biochemical effects of total nephrectomy in the rat. Influence of renal extracts
      on same].

PMID- 13691478
TI  - [Histological iconography: keloidblastomycosis-Jorgo Lobo disease].

PMID- 13691476
TI  - [Chronic solitary osteomyelitis of the fibula].

PMID- 13691479
TI  - [Isolation of the dermatophyte Microsporum gypseum from samples of earth from the
      states of Sao Paulo and Minas Gerais (Brazil)].

PMID- 13691481
TI  - [Experimental increase of coronary flow by constriction of the ascending aorta in
      the treatment of coronary insufficiency].

PMID- 13691480
TI  - [Action of alpha-dinitrophenol on the plasmatic potassium level and on the
      production of heat].

PMID- 13691482
TI  - Blocking of hog intrinsic factor by human gastric juice and certain
      mucopolysaccharides, including blood group substance.

PMID- 13691483
TI  - [Arteriovenous fistulas of the hand].

PMID- 13691484
TI  - Double-ended punctum dilator with depth control mechanism for retinal detachment
      surgery.

PMID- 13691485
TI  - Instrumentation and techniques of keratoplasty.

PMID- 13691486
TI  - Marker for variable size square keratoplasties.

PMID- 13691487
TI  - Two new handles for razor blade knives.

PMID- 13691488
TI  - [Research on the significance of the variations of the antistreptolysin titer
      after massage of the tonsillar niche].

PMID- 13691489
TI  - [Influence of antibodies against the Shope fibroma virus on the culture of the
      tumor in vitro].

PMID- 13691490
TI  - Serotonin inhibition of liver mitochondria swelling in vitro.

PMID- 13691491
TI  - [Muscular work and blood coagulation].

PMID- 13691492
TI  - [Acute experimental benzene poisoning. Contribution to the study of the plasmatic
      enzyme picture].

PMID- 13691493
TI  - [Acute experimental poisoning by organo-phosphoric esters. The behavior of the
      electrolytes of the serum].

PMID- 13691494
TI  - [Acute experimental poisoning by organophosphoric esters. Behavior of the
      electrolytes of the serum].

PMID- 13691495
TI  - [Behavior of the electrolytes in acute experimental poisoning by p-nitrophenol].

PMID- 13691496
TI  - [Contribution to the blood enzyme picture during muscular work].

PMID- 13691497
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the plasmatic enzyme picture in acute experimental
      paranitrophenol poisoning].

PMID- 13691498
TI  - [Modifications of the plasma enzyme picture in occupational poisoning by
      organophosphoric esters].

PMID- 13691499
TI  - [On modifications in the electrolytes of the serum in occupational poisoning by
      insecticides with a parathion D base].

PMID- 13691500
TI  - [On the behavior of factors of the prothrombin complex in subjects to lead
      poisoning risk].

PMID- 13691501
TI  - [On the behavior of plasmatic electrolytes in experimental acute benzene
      poisoning].

PMID- 13691503
TI  - [RP 7044 in anesthesiology].

PMID- 13691502
TI  - [On the behavior of the electrolytes in acute experimental poisoning with p
      nitrophenol].

PMID- 13691505
TI  - How to maintain an infection control program.

PMID- 13691504
TI  - Staphylococcal wound infection in selected surgical procedures: an analysis of
      7691 operations.

PMID- 13691506
TI  - [Local therapy with dexamethasons-21-phosphate in osteoarticular diseases].

PMID- 13691507
TI  - [On article 53 of the Regulation of 16 August 1909 for the enforcement of the Law
      of 2/14/1904, No. 36 on psychiatric hospitals and the insane].

PMID- 13691508
TI  - [Radiological morphology of the digestive tract in the living fetus at term
      deduced by amniosgraphic observation].

PMID- 13691509
TI  - [Percutaneous cholangiography with biliary catheterization and drainage].

PMID- 13691510
TI  - [Emergency radiological examination in acute hemorrhages of the upper digestive
      tract].

PMID- 13691511
TI  - [On a case of pulmonary hematoma].

PMID- 13691512
TI  - [Retroperitoneal fibrosis].

PMID- 13691513
TI  - [Current aspects of orotracheal intubation in tracheotomy].

PMID- 13691514
TI  - [Studies on the toxic action of kanamycin on the 8th cranial nerve. I.
      Audiological and vestibular observations].

PMID- 13691516
TI  - [The use of oxyphenylbutazone (G-27202) in the prevention of postoperative
      complications in O.R.L. surgerv].

PMID- 13691515
TI  - [Action of prochlorpemazine on the subjective and objective audiometric
      thresholds demonstrated by the Manfredi psychovoltaic reflex].

PMID- 13691517
TI  - Surface ultrastructure of tumor sub-lines differing in adhesiveness.

PMID- 13691518
TI  - [On the subject of "manifestation" of occupational disease in the industrial
      field].

PMID- 13691519
TI  - [On a case of dermatomyositis (clinical contribution)].

PMID- 13691520
TI  - Giant laryngocele with epidermoid epithelioma.

PMID- 13691521
TI  - Investigation of the free amino acids and Amanita toxins in Amanita species.

PMID- 13691522
TI  - [An unusual case of neoplastic evolution and invasion of both lacrimal sacs].

PMID- 13691523
TI  - [Initial cases of microscopic ringworm from the Sahara].

PMID- 13691524
TI  - [Clinical and semeiological considerations on chronic cardiac insufficiency and
      ambulatory treatment of the same].

PMID- 13691525
TI  - [Further research on intestinal occlusion caused by strangulation. Action of
      various antibiotics (tetracycline, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline)].

PMID- 13691526
TI  - [Further research on the use of drugs active on intestinal peristalsis in
      peritoneal adhesions].

PMID- 13691527
TI  - [On a case of entero-umbilical fistula in an adult].

PMID- 13691528
TI  - [Erythromycin and intestinal occlusions. Preliminary note].

PMID- 13691529
TI  - [Experimental research on eventual pressor variations in the lesser circulation
      after administration of nitrogen mustards].

PMID- 13691530
TI  - [On the action of 1-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(butylamino)-ethanol on the process of
      wound healing].

PMID- 13691531
TI  - [On the action of a combination of neomycin and bacitracin on intestinal
      occlusion caused by ileal strangulation and on simple occlusion of the descending
      colon].

PMID- 13691532
TI  - [On the action of asiaticoside in experimental gastric lesions induced by
      phenylchinolincarbonic acid].

PMID- 13691533
TI  - [On the action of fibrinolytic enzymes on the process of wound healing].

PMID- 13691534
TI  - [On the action of polyvinylpyrrolidone in some experimental toxic syndromes].

PMID- 13691536
TI  - [Behavior of the circulating eosinophils in various endocrine-surgical
      treatments].

PMID- 13691535
TI  - [On the use of a combination of trypsin and chloramphenicol in experimental
      peritoneal adhesions].

PMID- 13691538
TI  - Continuous automatic chemical analysis of nitrate in the presence of ammonia and
      urea.

PMID- 13691537
TI  - [Ligation, resection, termino-terminal suture of the carotids in cervicofacial
      oncological surgery].

PMID- 13691539
TI  - [The colored pyramid test in schizophrenics].

PMID- 13691540
TI  - [Anatomo-clinical and histogenetic considerations apropos of 2 cases of sarcoma
      of the hip].

PMID- 13691541
TI  - Rate of formation of atropine in Atropa belladonnaplants.

PMID- 13691542
TI  - Effects of air pollution on animals.

PMID- 13691544
TI  - [The A2 influenza pandemia of 1957. Its characteristics and its development in
      France].

PMID- 13691543
TI  - [The adaptation ability of the cat heart after repeated clamping of the ascending
      aorta].

PMID- 13691545
TI  - [Characteristics and antigenic study of the influenza virus].

PMID- 13691546
TI  - [Rupture of an aneurysm of the circumflex branch of the left coronary artery].

PMID- 13691547
TI  - [Comparative results with some types of preparations with antiatherogenic
      action].

PMID- 13691548
TI  - [Therapeutic effects of hydrogenated derivatives of ergot on manifestations of
      cerebral circulatory changes in geriatrics].

PMID- 13691549
TI  - [Considerations on 62 cases of acute myocardial infarction].

PMID- 13691550
TI  - [Modifications of the R wave in the right precordial leads in antero-lateral
      myocardial infarct].

PMID- 13691551
TI  - [Apropos of oral hypoglycemics].

PMID- 13691552
TI  - [Ascitic cirrhoses. Diagnostic and therapeutic considerations].

PMID- 13691553
TI  - [The participation of the bronchiole in the phenomena of anatomofunctional
      substitution of the lung (experimental research)].

PMID- 13691554
TI  - Anesthetic hazards of obesity.

PMID- 13691555
TI  - Radiographic appearances of bone lesions in rats exposed to local external
      irradiation from gamma rays.

PMID- 13691556
TI  - The occurrence of renal changes, resembling nephrosis, in rats poisoned with
      fluorocitrate.

PMID- 13691557
TI  - Oxygen tension and oxidation-reduction potentials of living tissues.

PMID- 13691558
TI  - General medicine.

PMID- 13691559
TI  - [The "common cold" virus and the respiratory virus. Etiology of coryza].

PMID- 13691560
TI  - [The herpes virus and the varicella-zona virus].

PMID- 13691561
TI  - [The peripneumonia group organisms of cattle (pleuropneumonia-like organisms)].

PMID- 13691562
TI  - [Reactivity during physiological sleep in man].

PMID- 13691563
TI  - [Asthma-like dyspnea, Suffocative catarrh. Capillary bronchitis].

PMID- 13691564
TI  - [Precaliceal pyramidal tubal ectasia of the kidneys. Spongy kidney--Cacchi's
      disease].

PMID- 13691565
TI  - [Hepatic comas caused by viral hepatitis in older children].

PMID- 13691566
TI  - [Carcinoid tumor of the bronchus with lymph-node metastasis in a 10-year-old
      girl].

PMID- 13691567
TI  - [Aspirin poisoning in small children].

PMID- 13691569
TI  - ["On the critique of dialectic reason"].

PMID- 13691568
TI  - [Septicemia due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Bacillus pyocyaneus) with meningitis
      and multiple osteoarticular localizations. Treatment by colimycin. Cure].

PMID- 13691570
TI  - Intellectual and psychological needs of the patient.

PMID- 13691571
TI  - [Apropos of a recent case of Budd-Chiari syndrome].

PMID- 13691572
TI  - [Cardiotonic medication. II. Contraindications and indications].

PMID- 13691573
TI  - [Tonocardiac medication. Drugs. Incidents and accidents].

PMID- 13691574
TI  - [Treatment of angina pectoris].

PMID- 13691575
TI  - A case of carcinoma of the larynx surviving bilateral carotid artery ligation.

PMID- 13691576
TI  - Cancer of the tongue.

PMID- 13691577
TI  - Radiation treatment of cancer of the mouth, pharynx, larynx and neck. A record of
      successful results.

PMID- 13691578
TI  - Some aspects of therapeutics in sinusitis.

PMID- 13691579
TI  - Rapid control of hyperkalemia in acute renal failure.

PMID- 13691580
TI  - Intravenous furadantin sodium: a clinical evaluation.

PMID- 13691581
TI  - [Radiographical evolution of fractures of the long bones surgically reduced with
      chemical osteosynthesis].

PMID- 13691582
TI  - [Bilateral axial optic neuritis caused by Q fever].

PMID- 13691583
TI  - [Radiotherapeutic cure of a bilateral optic neuritis in the course of malignant
      edematous exophthalmos].

PMID- 13691584
TI  - [Aortic insufficiency in ankylosing spondylitis].

PMID- 13691585
TI  - [Modification of the adsorption of radiocerium from an intramuscular depot by
      diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid].

PMID- 13691586
TI  - Removal of internally deposited radionuclides by triethylenetetraamine-hexaacetic
      acid.

PMID- 13691587
TI  - [Comparative studies on the decorporation effectiveness of some new chelating
      agents].

PMID- 13691588
TI  - [Removal of radionuclides from the body. (Studies on radiocerium and
      diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid)].

PMID- 13691589
TI  - [Bone marrow biopsy using the Waitz trochar].

PMID- 13691590
TI  - [A further case of anorectal nevocarcinoma].

PMID- 13691591
TI  - [The gamma-encephalogram].

PMID- 13691592
TI  - [Dubin and Johnson's disease with melanuria].

PMID- 13691593
TI  - [Bronze cirrhosis secondary to hypersideremic hypochromic anemia].

PMID- 13691594
TI  - [Necrosing enteritis].

PMID- 13691595
TI  - [Clinical study of the anemia of cirrhosis patients].

PMID- 13691596
TI  - [Staphylococcal superinfection in the course of hemorrhagic rectocolitis.
      Importance of a new synthetic penicillin, BRL 1241, "Flabelline"].

PMID- 13691597
TI  - [Septicemia caused by Paracolon aerobacter of fatal course during meta-icteric
      cirrhosis].

PMID- 13691598
TI  - [Intestinal hemorrhages caused by Meckel's diverticulum with gastric heterotopia
      without ulcer in an adult].

PMID- 13691599
TI  - [A case of compression of the principal bile duct at its origin by a tuberculous
      lymph gland].

PMID- 13691600
TI  - [Filarial encephalopathy].

PMID- 13691601
TI  - [Neurinoma of the jejunum and Recklinghausen's disease. Apropos of a case].

PMID- 13691602
TI  - [Mixed jejuno-ileitis due to Lamblia and staphylococci].

PMID- 13691603
TI  - [Normochromic hyposideremic anemia as a symptom of latent hepatic tuberculosis].

PMID- 13691604
TI  - [Icterigenic infectious mononucleosis. Lessons furnished by biology and puncture
      biopsy].

PMID- 13691605
TI  - [Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia: incomplete and limited forms].

PMID- 13691606
TI  - [On a new aspect of immunitary deficiencies].

PMID- 13691607
TI  - [Felix RAMOND].

PMID- 13691608
TI  - [Superinfection in hemorrhagic rectocolitis. Therapeutic deductions].

PMID- 13691609
TI  - [The diet in hepatitis and liver cirrhosis].

PMID- 13691610
TI  - [New technic with Viadril].

PMID- 13691611
TI  - [On a paper test for the demonstration of the presence of isoniazid in the urine
      of subjects treated with that drug].

PMID- 13691612
TI  - [Polynucleotide phosphorylases of mycobacteria. I. Exchange reactions between
      dinucleotides and P32 in Mycobacterium lacticola, Milch strain].

PMID- 13691613
TI  - [Preparation of labelled ATP and ADP].

PMID- 13691614
TI  - [The action of streptomycin, kanamycin and isoniazid on the breakdown of ATP in
      mycobacteria].

PMID- 13691615
TI  - [Anatomo-clinical study of a case of neuroepithelioma of the median nerve].

PMID- 13691616
TI  - [The distribution of isoniazid in the organs of the guinea pig. Research with
      labeled INH].

PMID- 13691617
TI  - [Behavior of cholesterol in the blood and uterine tissue in women treated with
      diphenesenic acid during the premenopause and menopause].

PMID- 13691618
TI  - [Non-enzymatic transaminations of pyridoxal phosphate and pyridoxamine phosphate
      at physiological temperature and in the presence of metals].

PMID- 13691619
TI  - [Current trend in the treatment of cancer of the uterine cervix].

PMID- 13691620
TI  - [Obstruction of the ureter after radical abdominal hysterectomy and pelvic
      lymphadenectomy].

PMID- 13691621
TI  - [On the development of the deep cervical lymph nodes in man].

PMID- 13691622
TI  - [Peculiar aspects of the surgery of malignant tumors of the ovary].

PMID- 13691623
TI  - [Present trends in the treatment of cancer of the uterine cervix].

PMID- 13691624
TI  - [Bronchial asthma].

PMID- 13691625
TI  - [Some enzymes of the seum in the course of treatment with conventional radiations
      and with the betatron].

PMID- 13691626
TI  - [Influence of cortisone on the uptake and elimination of radiostrontium, Sr-85
      and Sr-89, in the rat skeleton].

PMID- 13691627
TI  - [Treatment of pertrochanteric fractures in old age].

PMID- 13691628
TI  - Proliferative cycle in the growing hair follicle of the mouse.

PMID- 13691629
TI  - Revised survey of selected psychopharmacological agents.

PMID- 13691630
TI  - An eveluation of the long T-tube.

PMID- 13691631
TI  - Management of patients with unsatisfactory results after cholecystectomy.

PMID- 13691632
TI  - Second-order personality factor structure in the objective test realm.

PMID- 13691633
TI  - Amputation neuromas of the biliary tract.

PMID- 13691634
TI  - A cross-cultural comparison of patterns of extraversion and anxiety.

PMID- 13691635
TI  - Surgery of the pancreas.

PMID- 13691636
TI  - The multiple abstract variance analysis equations and solutions: for nature
      nurture research on continuous variables.

PMID- 13691637
TI  - Theory of situational, instrument, second order, and refraction factors in
      personality structure research.

PMID- 13691638
TI  - [Diagnostic importance of transparietal thoracic puncture].

PMID- 13691639
TI  - Tabetic gastric crisis with fluid levels and visible peristalsis.

PMID- 13691640
TI  - Collagen disease and the chronic biological false positive phenomenon.

PMID- 13691641
TI  - [Anesthesia in plastic and reconstructive surgery of the face].

PMID- 13691642
TI  - [Clinical contribution to the knowledge of benign tumors of the small intestine].

PMID- 13691643
TI  - [Erythrocytic sodium and potassium in the postoperative period].

PMID- 13691644
TI  - [Dietetic directives in hypothyroid syndromes].

PMID- 13691645
TI  - [Participation of nutritional deficiencies in simple goiter and directives for
      dietetic therapy].

PMID- 13691646
TI  - [Temporal behavior of the electrical systole (QTc) in electrocardiographic
      readings of ventricular overload].

PMID- 13691647
TI  - Myxedema, shock and coma. Seven survival cases.

PMID- 13691648
TI  - [Voluminous cystic lymphangioma of the spleen].

PMID- 13691649
TI  - [Congenital malformations of the external genitalia].

PMID- 13691650
TI  - [Treatment of compound fractures of the leg].

PMID- 13691651
TI  - [Does synovectomy have a place in the treatment of tuberculosis of the knee?].

PMID- 13691653
TI  - [Studies on the "Mycoplasma" genus (PPLO: pleuropneumonia-like organisms)].

PMID- 13691654
TI  - Obesity and emotional status.

PMID- 13691655
TI  - Cesarean stillbirths.

PMID- 13691652
TI  - [Verification of asepsis of the dentin in cavities prepared in healthy tissue and
      those restored with silver amalgam].

PMID- 13691656
TI  - Electronic detection of fetal life. A review.

PMID- 13691657
TI  - The repeat Shirodkar operation.

PMID- 13691658
TI  - The x-ray signs of fetal death.

PMID- 13691659
TI  - [Pharmacological research on the organic derivatives of boron. (Study of 5-methyl
      5-propyl-2-(p-tolyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborinane)].

PMID- 13691660
TI  - [Pharmacological study of carquejol and its derivatives].

PMID- 13691661
TI  - [Toxicity of carquejol].

PMID- 13691662
TI  - [Toxicity of sodium metavanadate for the dog and rabbit by intravenous
      perfusion].

PMID- 13691663
TI  - [Toxicity of sodium metavanadate for the mouse and for the rat].

PMID- 13691664
TI  - [Hypothermic activity in the eugenol and safrole series].

PMID- 13691665
TI  - Procedure for the determination of the noble metal content of dental gold alloys.

PMID- 13691667
TI  - [Anatomopathological concepts of emphysema].

PMID- 13691666
TI  - [Infantile sympathoblastoma with fulminating course. (Apropos of a case)].

PMID- 13691668
TI  - Nerve supply and distribution of cholinesterase activity in the external nose of
      the mole.

PMID- 13691669
TI  - The fine structure of Meissner's touch corpuscles of human fingers.
AB  - Thin slices of the finger pads of six individuals were fixed in buffered 1 per
      cent osmic acid, embedded in deaerated, nitrogenated methacrylate, and cut into
      thin sections for electron microscopic study. Before embedding, the slices were
      trimmed so as to include several digital tactile corpuscles. Some thin sections
      were stained in 10 per cent aqueous phosphotungstic acid solution. The principal
      part of Meissner's corpuscle is made up of flattened laminar cells stretching
      across the corpuscle in irregular layers. The perinuclear cytoplasm of these
      cells contains numerous small mitochondria, a sparse granular endoplasmic
      reticulum, and a large number of small vesicles. Nerve fibers enter the side or
      base of the corpuscle, lose their myelin sheaths, and follow a meandering course
      between the laminar cell plates. The nerve endings enter into a close
      appositional relationship with the flattened portions of the laminar cells. In
      some areas the apposed axolemma and cell membranes are slightly thickened with
      small vesicles located along the cell membrane or on both surfaces. These regions
      are interpreted as synapses. The most prominent feature of the nerve endings is
      an extraordinary accumulation of small mitochondria which vary in size and
      internal density. The nerve endings also contain vacuoles, groups of dense
      concentric membranes, and small dense vesicles of irregular distribution. The
      laminar cells are separated from one another by a dense intercellular substance
      of uniform thickness which also envelops the entire corpuscle. This material
      contains randomly oriented collagen fibers and fine fibrils bound together by a
      dense material at nodal points recurring at regular intervals of approximately
      120 mmicro. These findings are discussed in relation to the problems of the
      function of Meissner's corpuscle, neural material loss and replacement, and the
      presence of synapses.

PMID- 13691670
TI  - The distribution of cholinesterase in the cutaneous receptor organs, especially
      touch corpuscles of the human finger.

PMID- 13691671
TI  - The soluble antigens of varicella-zoster virus produced in tissue culture.

PMID- 13691672
TI  - [Biological efficiency of calcium oxalate in the young rat. Effect of vitamin
      D2].

PMID- 13691673
TI  - [Hygienic and nutritional aspects of food quality].

PMID- 13691674
TI  - The influence of technical advances on medical practice: the electron microscope.

PMID- 13691675
TI  - The isolation of arthropod-borne viruses, including members of two hitherto
      undescribed serological groups, in the Amazon region of Brazil.

PMID- 13691676
TI  - [Appraisal of 9 months of interpositions].

PMID- 13691677
TI  - [Electrophoretic fractionation of proteins and the protective capacity of the
      serum of the white rat immunized against Plasmodium berghei].

PMID- 13691678
TI  - [Paper electrophoresis of cat serum].

PMID- 13691679
TI  - Transplantation of tissues.

PMID- 13691680
TI  - [Radiological exploration of the digestive tract with a hydrosoluble iodated
      contrast medium (gastrografin)].

PMID- 13691681
TI  - [Clinical contribution to the study of anterior hernia of the intervertebral
      disk].

PMID- 13691682
TI  - [Clinical contribution to the study of heterotopic ossifications].

PMID- 13691683
TI  - [Contribution to the study of asseptic necrosis of the knee].

PMID- 13691684
TI  - [On the reparation of peripheral nerves by means of neurorrhapy. (Clinical
      contribution)].

PMID- 13691685
TI  - [Endocrinology].

PMID- 13691686
TI  - [Considerations on mobilization of the stapes].

PMID- 13691687
TI  - [An efficient method of treatment of changes of the oral cavity caused by
      antibiotics].

PMID- 13691688
TI  - [Experimental study on the pathogenesis of fevers caused by the inhalation of
      Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) fumes].

PMID- 13691689
TI  - [Pyrogenic effect of ZnO by the intravenous route].

PMID- 13691690
TI  - [Histamine-liberating activity in the subcutaneous tissue of rats of endotoxins
      containing cotton].

PMID- 13691691
TI  - A three-directional accelerometer for analyzing body movements.

PMID- 13691692
TI  - [Simultaneous registration in 3 spatial directions of acceleration to which one
      is subjected during marching].

PMID- 13691693
TI  - [Work completed against gravity during marching at various speeds].

PMID- 13691694
TI  - [How to insure health education in the hospital].

PMID- 13691695
TI  - [Diencephalic responsibility in the pathogenesis of mental disorders caused by
      the menopause].

PMID- 13691697
TI  - [Treatment of teniasis].

PMID- 13691698
TI  - [Postoperative recovery service].

PMID- 13691696
TI  - [Variations of the water-salt content in arteries and in various tissues of dogs
      with neurogenic experimental hypertension].

PMID- 13691699
TI  - [Rules followed by the Servicio Domiciliario dos Hospitais da Universidade de
      Coimbra].

PMID- 13691700
TI  - [The problem of pain in the cancer patient].

PMID- 13691701
TI  - [Modifications of the protein components of bile by the action of sodium
      hydroxydione on hepatic cells].

PMID- 13691702
TI  - [Effects of fluothane on the liver].

PMID- 13691703
TI  - Multi-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid as determined by x-irradiation.

PMID- 13691704
TI  - The replication of DNA I. Two molecular classes of DNA.
AB  - Two classes of DNA have been distinguished on the basis of their reaction to
      heating in cesium chloride. DNA from proliferating sources is cleaved in half by
      such treatment, whereas DNA from non-proliferating sources is unaffected in
      molecular weight. This has been shown by two independent techniques. The
      relationship between the molecular units produced by cesium chloride treatment
      and the units conserved during DNA replication is discussed.

PMID- 13691705
TI  - The replication of DNA II. The number of polynucleotide strands in the conserved
      unit of DNA.
AB  - The kinetics of degradation of DNA by deoxyribonuclease II have been studied,
      using the techniques of light scattering, viscosity, and titration. Theoretical
      equations have been derived for both random and non-random attacks, and all
      assumptions have been evaluated. It has been shown that these equations permit a
      valid calculation of the number of polynucleotide strands per molecule. The
      results have been verified by two independent experimental methods. DNA from
      proliferating sources was found to be four-stranded; DNA from non-proliferating
      sources was found to be two-stranded. The implications of these findings are
      discussed.

PMID- 13691707
TI  - [Observations and findings on cutaneous lymphocytoma].

PMID- 13691706
TI  - The replication of DNA III. Changes in the number of strands in E. coli DNA
      during its replication cycle.
AB  - DNA has been isolated from synchronized cultures of E. coli 15(T)- at various
      times. At first the DNA was four-stranded (and indistinguishable in all respects
      from log phase E. coli DNA), but at the start of DNA synthesis the DNA was found
      to have halved its molecular weight and to have become two-stranded. This sample
      had all the properties of undenatured, double-helical DNA, and behaved in all
      respects like DNA from non-proliferating sources. The replication cycle of the
      DNA molecule has thus been shown to consist of an alternation between the four-
      and two-stranded forms, the latter being the conserved unit. The evidence
      provided by the three papers of this series with respect to DNA and chromosomal
      structure and replication is discussed and summarized.

PMID- 13691708
TI  - [Investigations of the families of cases of erythroblastic anemia and their
      distribution in the province of Verona].

PMID- 13691709
TI  - [Toxic gastroenteritis in the province of Verona from 1947 to 1959].

PMID- 13691710
TI  - [Evaluation of the therapeutic activity of antitussive agents in geriatrics].

PMID- 13691711
TI  - [Further contribution to the study of the relation between alcohol and the senile
      organism].

PMID- 13691712
TI  - [Problems and aspects of senile biotypology].

PMID- 13691713
TI  - [Aspects of clinical gerontology. Senile mental deterioration].

PMID- 13691715
TI  - [Comments on the treatment of sinusitis apropos of a case of operated
      pansinusitis].

PMID- 13691714
TI  - Fluoromar anesthesia in obstetrics. A preliminary report.

PMID- 13691716
TI  - [On cholesteatoma of the ear].

PMID- 13691717
TI  - Uptake of 35S labelled sulfate in the exorbital lacrymal glands of adult and
      newborn rats under different hormonal treatment.

PMID- 13691718
TI  - [Analytic and case contribution to the study of sarcoidosis].

PMID- 13691719
TI  - [Experimental studies on the androgen and anabolic activities of the new
      steroids].

PMID- 13691720
TI  - [Phytic acid and iron absorption].

PMID- 13691721
TI  - [Levomepromazine by intravenous route in states of psychomotor agitation. Initial
      trials in psychiatric therapy].

PMID- 13691722
TI  - [Contribution to the study of amniotic fluid embolism].

PMID- 13691723
TI  - [Influence of thiourea on the desoxyribonucleic acid content in rat hepatocytes].

PMID- 13691724
TI  - [Vascular blocking devices and arteriovenous anastomoses in the portal system of
      man].

PMID- 13691725
TI  - [On intrasplenic circulation].

PMID- 13691726
TI  - [Desoxyribonucleic acid content and the nuclear volume of human liver cells
      during organogenesis and in the adult].

PMID- 13691727
TI  - [Anti-ovulatory activity of 6 alpha-methyl 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone acetate
      determined by the Doyle tes-tape method].

PMID- 13691728
TI  - [The combined surgico-sclerosant ment of varices of the lower extremities].

PMID- 13691729
TI  - The cleavage of cystine by cystathionase and the transulfuration of hypotaurine.

PMID- 13691730
TI  - Metabolites of 35S-L-cystine in the rat detected by radio-autography.

PMID- 13691731
TI  - [Enzymatic conversion of cystamine into thiotaurine].

PMID- 13691733
TI  - [Humoral factors of aspecific immunity].

PMID- 13691732
TI  - Chemical nature and pharmacological actions of quaternary ammonium salts.

PMID- 13691734
TI  - [Hyperbilirubinemic syndromes].

PMID- 13691735
TI  - [Semeiological value of urinary clearance].

PMID- 13691736
TI  - [On a drug combination in headaches in patients with cranial injuries.
      Considerations on 200 cases].

PMID- 13691737
TI  - Placenta previa: modern methods of diagnosis with special reference to isotopic
      placentography.

PMID- 13691738
TI  - Comparison of the functional effects of dyflos, tri-o-cresyl phosphate and tri-p
      ethylphenyl phosphate in chickens.
AB  - Tri-p-ethylphenyl phosphate is unique amongst the organophosphorus compounds
      which produce neurotoxic effects in not being an inhibitor of cholinesterase. The
      dysfunction it produces is also marked by some unusual features. Thus it produces
      a characteristic high-stepping gait which develops at varying periods after
      intramuscular injection but more regularly following oral administration. A
      careful comparison of the character, onset and development of the effects of
      diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate (dyflos), tri-o-cresyl phosphate and tri-p
      ethylphenyl phosphate has illustrated the differences between the two former
      substances and tri-p-ethylphenyl phosphate. It has also confirmed a previous
      suggestion that this substance acts in a different manner from the other two, a
      suggestion supported by the histological evidence.

PMID- 13691739
TI  - Cholinesterase in the chicken nervous system.

PMID- 13691740
TI  - Localization of cholinesterases in the chicken nervous system and the problem of
      the selective neurotoxicity of organophosphorus compounds.
AB  - Using the thiocholine method, a restricted survey has been made of
      cholinesterases in the spinal cord and brain stem of the chicken. No simple
      relation between sites of selective damage in organophosphorus neurotoxicity and
      centres of cholinesterase activity could be adduced. Moreover, no significant
      differences between species susceptible and insusceptible to poisoning by these
      compounds were found by this method. It is concluded that, while cholinesterase
      may well play an intermediary role in the intoxication, other factors determine
      the selective damage to certain neurones and their processes.

PMID- 13691741
TI  - Sensory terminal degeneration in ortho-cresyl phosphate poisoning.

PMID- 13691742
TI  - Anoxic softening of the brain.

PMID- 13691743
TI  - Culture from kidneys wounded by high-velocity missiles.

PMID- 13691744
TI  - [Applications of colored microreactions (drop method) in pharmaceutical practice.
      Note VII. Sympathomimetics].

PMID- 13691745
TI  - [Stupefacient substances. VIII].

PMID- 13691746
TI  - Claude Louis BERTHOLLET (1748-1882). Physician and chemist.

PMID- 13691747
TI  - The language of chemical symbols.

PMID- 13691748
TI  - [Claudio Luigi BERTHOLLET (1748-1822), physician and chemist].

PMID- 13691750
TI  - [Neurogenic vesical dysfunction following tuberculous meningitis in the adult].

PMID- 13691749
TI  - [Pathological cytology and puncture biopsy with the fine needle].

PMID- 13691751
TI  - [Contribution to the therapy of tuberculous meningitis in adults].

PMID- 13691752
TI  - [On 3 cases of staphylocandidiasis].

PMID- 13691753
TI  - [On Dressler's post-infarction pleuro-pericardial syndrome].

PMID- 13691754
TI  - [On a case of benign acute pericarditis in a subject with tonsillar focal
      infection].

PMID- 13691755
TI  - [Ethionine and coagulation].

PMID- 13691756
TI  - [Alterations in the liver and pancreas caused by deficiencies in experimental
      gastro-colic fistulas].

PMID- 13691757
TI  - [Exocrine pancreas and proteinfree diet. Morphological and histochemical
      observations].

PMID- 13691758
TI  - [Acute regional encephalopathy of infancy].

PMID- 13691759
TI  - [Activation of the infantile electroencephalogram with megimide].

PMID- 13691760
TI  - [Electroencephalographic observations in 250 cases of infantile febrile
      convulsions].

PMID- 13691761
TI  - The epipharynx.

PMID- 13691762
TI  - The nature and morphology of the costoclavicular ligament.

PMID- 13691763
TI  - Filling large bone defects with muscle trans-plants.

PMID- 13691764
TI  - [3 African brothers with late spondylo-epiphysial dysplasia].

PMID- 13691765
TI  - The use of trypsin in the treatment of herpetic ulcers in the mouth.

PMID- 13691766
TI  - Sequelae of cerebral concussion.

PMID- 13691767
TI  - [Research on the anthelmintic activity of some N,N'-disubstituted derivatives of
      piperazine].

PMID- 13691769
TI  - [Trial therapy of trichocephalosis with piperazine sebacate].

PMID- 13691768
TI  - [Treatment of ankylostomiasis with bephenium hydroxynaphthoate].

PMID- 13691770
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the anthelmintic properties of kainic acid. I. The
      combination of santonin and kainic acid].

PMID- 13691771
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the anthelmintic properties of kainic acid. II. The
      combination of piperazine hydrate and kainic acid].

PMID- 13691772
TI  - [Inaugural address of the Chair of Parasitology delivered on 1 December 1960 to
      the Faculte de Pharmacie de Paris].

PMID- 13691773
TI  - [Pharmacological methods for the assay of antiamebic drugs].

PMID- 13691774
TI  - [Contribution of Lorenzo Cappelli to pulmonary surgery].

PMID- 13691775
TI  - [Determination of steroids in adrenal cortex extracts by means of paper
      chromatography].

PMID- 13691776
TI  - [On fronto-orbital centers and their role in neuro-ophthalmological symptoms and
      ocular pressure changes].

PMID- 13691778
TI  - What is an internist.

PMID- 13691777
TI  - Electrocardiographic pattern in acute pulmonary embolism simulating acute
      myocardial infarction. A case report.

PMID- 13691779
TI  - The Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

PMID- 13691780
TI  - Association of tissue mast cells and skin tumors.

PMID- 13691781
TI  - Primary cholesteatomata of the temporal bone.

PMID- 13691782
TI  - Hearing and deafness.

PMID- 13691783
TI  - Labyrinthectomy.

PMID- 13691784
TI  - Medicine in art.

PMID- 13691785
TI  - Surgical treatment of deafness.

PMID- 13691787
TI  - Current concepts in the treatment of hepatic failure.

PMID- 13691786
TI  - The influence of deafness on the creative instinct.

PMID- 13691788
TI  - Cardiorespiratory syndrome of obesity (Pickwickian syndrome) in children.

PMID- 13691789
TI  - Immediate cholangiography.

PMID- 13691790
TI  - [The rural hospital becomes a reality].

PMID- 13691791
TI  - [The anemias of cancer patients: etiological and therapeutic data].

PMID- 13691792
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of anemias].

PMID- 13691793
TI  - [Osteomyelofibrosis].

PMID- 13691794
TI  - [The hematological forms of osteomyelofibrosis].

PMID- 13691795
TI  - [The clinical and hematological diagnosis of chronic lymphoid leukemia].

PMID- 13691796
TI  - [The facial manifestations of blood diseases].

PMID- 13691797
TI  - Formation of ketopentoses, beginning with ribose-5-phosphate, in the serum of
      patients with cancer.

PMID- 13691798
TI  - [The effect of monoamino oxidase inhibitor (MOI) in depression. Psychodynamics
      and biological reactivity].

PMID- 13691799
TI  - [Blood amylase in neurological disorders (preliminary note)].

PMID- 13691800
TI  - [The Sellek-Frade copper acetate reaction in schizophrenics].

PMID- 13691801
TI  - Remarks on certain endometric findings obtained after administering diphenisenic
      acid.

PMID- 13691802
TI  - [Clinical observations and considerations on the antireactive (non-hormonal)
      mechanisms in inflammations of the female true pelvis].

PMID- 13691803
TI  - [Observations and considerations on the pathogenesis of habitual abortion].

PMID- 13691804
TI  - [Observations and considerations on the use of a new antibacterial
      chemotherapeutic agent in obstetrics and gynecology].

PMID- 13691805
TI  - [The biliary tract and the female genital tract (clinical contribution)].

PMID- 13691806
TI  - [Monocular oscillation and synchronous oscillation of the head, spontaneous
      bilateral nystagmus, Hertwig-Magendie diagonal strabismus, and rolling movement
      induced by experimental lesions in the rabbit].

PMID- 13691807
TI  - Developments in the psychological and biological aspects of psychiatry. Lecture
      delivered to the Medical Faculty of the University of Milan.

PMID- 13691808
TI  - Psychiatric aspects of epilepsy.

PMID- 13691810
TI  - [A contribution to the surgical care of vesicovaginal fistulae].

PMID- 13691809
TI  - [Radiology in obstetrics].

PMID- 13691811
TI  - A two-stage cleavage of rabbit gamma-globulin by a water-insoluble papain
      preparation followed by cysteine.

PMID- 13691812
TI  - Studies on the combining sites of the protein antigen fibroin. I.
      Characterization of the fibroin-rabbit antifibroin system.

PMID- 13691813
TI  - Studies on the combining sites of the protein antigen silk fibroin. II. Isolation
      and characterization of peptides from chymotryptic hydrolysate of silk fibroin
      (Bombyx mori).

PMID- 13691815
TI  - [360 degrees axial torsion of a fibromatous uterus].

PMID- 13691814
TI  - Studies on the combining sites of the protein antigen silk fibroin. III.
      Inhibition of the silk fibroin-antifibroin system by peptides derived from the
      antigen.

PMID- 13691817
TI  - [3 cases of traumatic rupture of the diaphragm (of which 1 involved both cupulae)
      operated on in an emergency].

PMID- 13691816
TI  - [26 cases of colic occlusion treated by resection performed over a 2-year period
      (1959 and 1960)].

PMID- 13691818
TI  - [Apropos of 2 cases of compound fractures of the astralgalus].

PMID- 13691819
TI  - [Interposition of bone fragments in 2 cases of dislocation-fracture of the hip
      (delayed surgery)].

PMID- 13691820
TI  - [Clinicoradiological aspects of the uropoietic apparatus in children with
      poliomyelitis complications].

PMID- 13691821
TI  - Multiple urogenital anomalies: pronephric, mesonephric and metanephric kidney
      elements with persistent mullerian duct in an adult male.

PMID- 13691823
TI  - Studies on fluid and electrolyte alterations during transurethral prostatectomy.
      I.

PMID- 13691825
TI  - [Exeresis in the therapy of pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13691826
TI  - [On peritonitis caused by appendicitis. Is it always perforated appendicitis that
      causes peritonitis?].

PMID- 13691827
TI  - [Our experience in cardiac surgery].

PMID- 13691828
TI  - [In memory of Robert KOCH on the 50th anniversary of his death].

PMID- 13691829
TI  - [Electrocardiographical changes secondary to pneumonectomy and lobectomy
      operations. Remote results].

PMID- 13691831
TI  - [Psoriasic arthritis].

PMID- 13691830
TI  - [Corticotherapy at massive doses in malignant lymphopathies].

PMID- 13691832
TI  - [Cerebral tuberculomas. Casuistic contribution].

PMID- 13691833
TI  - [Meningiomas of the olfactory groove].

PMID- 13691834
TI  - [Hypertelorism].

PMID- 13691835
TI  - [The radiological picture of craniostenosis. Study on the histories of 53 cases].

PMID- 13691836
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of latent ornithosis infections in sterile women].

PMID- 13691837
TI  - [The application of prednisone with chemotherapy in the treatment of infertile
      women with latent infection].

PMID- 13691838
TI  - The importance of latent maternal infection with toxoplasma in obstetrics.

PMID- 13691839
TI  - [Acetylphenylhydrazine test in infants].

PMID- 13691840
TI  - [Cooperation of district hygienists with regional planning commissions].

PMID- 13691841
TI  - The practice of pediatrics: psychological aspects of practice.

PMID- 13691842
TI  - The function of the unreactive-SH groups in human haemoglobin.

PMID- 13691843
TI  - Statistics and records.

PMID- 13691844
TI  - [Considerations on the histological and histochemical damage caused by total-body
      roentgen irradiation in the female genital organs of puberal and impuberal mice].

PMID- 13691845
TI  - [Histological data on ocular hypertension caused by roentgen irradiation].

PMID- 13691846
TI  - [Considerations on 12 surgically treated cases of malformation of the
      craniovertebral joint].

PMID- 13691847
TI  - [On the estrogen content of the blood of the adult salmon (Salmo salar L.) in
      fresh water].

PMID- 13691848
TI  - Hypnosis in surgery.

PMID- 13691849
TI  - [Studies on noise levels and hygienic drawbacks of traffic din together with a
      suggestion for preventive measures].

PMID- 13691850
TI  - A follow up study of osteogenic sarcoma.

PMID- 13691851
TI  - [Ureogenetic reactions in chicken liver].

PMID- 13691852
TI  - [Desoxyribonucleic acids and tumors].

PMID- 13691853
TI  - [The antivitamins].

PMID- 13691854
TI  - [The reactions in which glutamic acid participates in the tissues of animals and
      man].

PMID- 13691855
TI  - [Glycemic curve in surgical therapy of simple goiter and hyperthyroidism].

PMID- 13691856
TI  - [Broncho-esophageal fistula with spontaneous regression].

PMID- 13691857
TI  - [Action of the male gonadal hormone on myelomatous proteins].

PMID- 13691858
TI  - [The control of postoperative pain].

PMID- 13691859
TI  - [Electrophoresis of serum and effusions in cancer patients (comparative study)].

PMID- 13691860
TI  - Thyroid hormones and related compounds in saliva.

PMID- 13691862
TI  - [Determination of tubercular disease in Lazio].

PMID- 13691863
TI  - [Mortality from tuberculosis in the provinces and districts of Italy from 1887 to
      1959].

PMID- 13691861
TI  - [The demographical, social and health status of the provinces of Lazio].

PMID- 13691864
TI  - [Reticulosarcoma of the perforated small intestine, generalized lymph node and
      gastric localization].

PMID- 13691865
TI  - [The effect of spirolactone SC-9420 in a case of secondary aldosteronism].

PMID- 13691866
TI  - A new model to study hematopoietic transplantation antigens.

PMID- 13691867
TI  - The fibrinolytic system: a review of its therapeutic significance and control,
      with particular emphasis on its inhibition by e-aminocaproic acid.

PMID- 13691868
TI  - The effect of e-aminocaproic acid on fibrinolysin and on activators of
      profibrinolysin.

PMID- 13691869
TI  - The "mercury-in-rubber" strain gauge for measurements of blood pressure and
      peripheral circulation in newborn infants.

PMID- 13691871
TI  - [Leiomyoma of the colon].

PMID- 13691870
TI  - [Histochemical localization of various amino acids (tryptophan, tyrosine and
      arginine) in human nasal and laryngeal mucosa].

PMID- 13691872
TI  - [Leiomyoma of the colon].

PMID- 13691873
TI  - [Trial treatment of gastroduodenal ulcers with pyridine-2-aldoxime methyl
      methanesulfonate (RP 7676), a cholinesterase reactivator].

PMID- 13691874
TI  - [The hazard of prolonged corticotherapy (Apropos of a case of Cushing's syndrome
      with vertebral fractures].

PMID- 13691875
TI  - [On obtaining the stamp of certification of pharmaceutical specialties].

PMID- 13691876
TI  - [Treatment of human intoxications due to organic phosphate derivatives by the
      classical methods and alpha-pyridylaldoxime sulfomethylate (RP 7676)].

PMID- 13691877
TI  - [Pharmacodynamic study and first clinical results in the use of pyridine-2
      aldoxime sulfomethylate (R P 7676) as an antidote to anticholinesterase
      insecticides].

PMID- 13691878
TI  - [The treatment of poisoning caused by anticholinesterase organic phosphates].

PMID- 13691879
TI  - [Use of a cholinesterase reactivator (alpha-pyridylaldoxime sulfomethylate, RP
      7676), in experimental intoxications with organic phosphate insecticides].

PMID- 13691880
TI  - [Enterococcal purpura fulminans (Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome)].

PMID- 13691882
TI  - [Treatment of herpes and zona].

PMID- 13691881
TI  - [Clinical study and treatment of some poisonings by pesticides].

PMID- 13691884
TI  - [The circulatory system in acute glomerulonephritis].

PMID- 13691883
TI  - [The problem of antrotomy in infant nutrition disorders].

PMID- 13691885
TI  - [Principles of modern surgery at the front].

PMID- 13691886
TI  - [Contribution to the pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy of osteomalacia].

PMID- 13691887
TI  - [On a case of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome].

PMID- 13691888
TI  - [Possibility of an extravascular regulation of the lesser circulation:
      bronchomotor tonus and experimental pulmonary edema. Clinical, physiopathological
      and anatomopathological study].

PMID- 13691889
TI  - [The physiopathology of the bronchiectasic lung. Bronchospirometric study].

PMID- 13691890
TI  - Ocular manifestations of coccidioidomycosis in a dog.

PMID- 13691891
TI  - Raynaud's disease and primary pulmonary hypertension.

PMID- 13691892
TI  - [Diagnostic value of the Sellek-Frade reaction in hepatobiliary disease].

PMID- 13691894
TI  - [Gas abscess of the femur in a case of perforated sigmoid cncer].

PMID- 13691893
TI  - The influence of radioactivity and lung burden on the pulmonary clearance rate of
      barium sulfate.

PMID- 13691895
TI  - [Subjective post-concussion syndromes].

PMID- 13691896
TI  - [Electroencephalographic study of a new analeptic, dioxone, in the diagnosis of
      epilepsy and its comparison with pentamethylenetetrazole].

PMID- 13691897
TI  - [Study of new means for electro-encephalographic activation in epileptics.
      Effects of Toce (Dioxone) in comparison with Megimide and Cardiazol].

PMID- 13691898
TI  - [Recent experimental and clinical contributions on acetylcholine. Review].

PMID- 13691900
TI  - [Acute appendicitis in the aged].

PMID- 13691899
TI  - [EEG observations in the course of acute hypoxic hypoxia with nitrogen].

PMID- 13691901
TI  - [Considerations of perceptive deafness of sudden origin].

PMID- 13691902
TI  - [Experiences with a new pharmacological association in the treatment of
      hypoacusia of the "perceptive" type].

PMID- 13691903
TI  - [The morphological and histochemical aspects of the endometrial disease caused by
      the administration of estrogenic and chorionic hormones].

PMID- 13691904
TI  - [The sialic acids].

PMID- 13691905
TI  - [Acute torsion of the spermatic cord and intrascrotal embryonic debris].

PMID- 13691906
TI  - [Congenital anomalies of the pyelo-ureteral junction].

PMID- 13691907
TI  - [Procedure to follow in hypospadias].

PMID- 13691908
TI  - [Treatment of hypospadias by modified Leveuf's technic].

PMID- 13691909
TI  - [Urinary infection in the infant].

PMID- 13691910
TI  - [Blood pyruvic acid in patients with multiple sclerosis].

PMID- 13691911
TI  - [Current pathological and biochemical problems of the process of demyelination].

PMID- 13691914
TI  - Atypical forms of lymphocytes and their significance in pathology.

PMID- 13691913
TI  - [On the problem of cerebral energy].

PMID- 13691912
TI  - [On enzymatic activity of body fluids in multiple sclerosis].

PMID- 13691915
TI  - [Non-enzymatic deamination of esterified serine].

PMID- 13691916
TI  - [Non-enzymatic transamination between pyridoxal and amino acid esters].

PMID- 13691917
TI  - ["Functional" paralysis after lesions of the peripheral nervous system].

PMID- 13691918
TI  - [Traumatic lesions of the brachial plexus].

PMID- 13691919
TI  - [The survival of Cr-51 labeled erythrocytes in normal and pathological
      pregnancy].

PMID- 13691920
TI  - [Variations in the electrolytes (Na, K, Mg, Ca) and the urea nitrogen in the
      blood and in preserved blood in relation to transfusional therapy].

PMID- 13691921
TI  - [Functional exploration of the adrenal cortex in relation to the problem of the
      recurrence of carcinoma of the uterine cervix].

PMID- 13691922
TI  - Phenylketonuria. I. Dietary management of infants and young children.

PMID- 13691923
TI  - Phenylketonuria. II. Results of treatment of infants and young children. A report
      of 10 cases.

PMID- 13691924
TI  - Phenylketonuria (FOLLING's disease). The story of its discovery.

PMID- 13691925
TI  - Phenylketonuria: screening programs and testing methods.

PMID- 13691926
TI  - [The so-called privileges of the radiologist].

PMID- 13691927
TI  - [Cytodiagnostic aspects of cancer of the uterine cervix].

PMID- 13691928
TI  - [Exfoliative cytology in chorionepithelioma and in vesicular mole].

PMID- 13691929
TI  - [The use of hydroxyzine hydrochloride in preanesthesia. (Spirometric and
      electrocardiographical data)].

PMID- 13691930
TI  - [Findings of a clinico-social order on a group of subjects treated with
      endocavitary aspiration at the Villa Maria Sanatorium].

PMID- 13691931
TI  - Role of diet lipids in the appearance of dystrophy and creatinuria in the vitamin
      E-deficient rat.

PMID- 13691932
TI  - [Acute pancreatitis during the puerperium].

PMID- 13691933
TI  - [Effect of interrupted pregnancy on sexual behavior of the woman].

PMID- 13691934
TI  - [The effect of mechanical contraceptives on sexual life in women].

PMID- 13691935
TI  - [Psychohygienic and psychotherapeutic significance of physical exercise for
      women].

PMID- 13691936
TI  - [Introduction to hemoglobinopathies].

PMID- 13691937
TI  - Physiological relationships of rapidly growing mycobacteria. Adansonian
      classification.

PMID- 13691938
TI  - [Apropos of the etiology of the Demons-Meigs syndrome: uterine fibroma with
      ascites and hydrothorax].

PMID- 13691939
TI  - [Perforation of the ileum and diffuse peritonitis after chronic intoxication with
      isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH) and secondary polyneuritis].

PMID- 13691940
TI  - [Uterus bicornis with rudimentary horn. Presentation of a case].

PMID- 13691941
TI  - Chemical changes in the tissues of leukemic mice.

PMID- 13691942
TI  - Tumor-host relationships studied in vitro: experiments with cell-free systems.

PMID- 13691943
TI  - Tumor-host relationships studied in vitro: experiments with tissue slices.

PMID- 13691944
TI  - A study on early post-nephrectomy changes of the remaining kidney in dogs.

PMID- 13691945
TI  - The effects of analogues of thyroxine on the glycolysis and oxygen uptake of
      ascites tumor cells.

PMID- 13691946
TI  - [On the behavior of thromboelastograms in rice-field leptospirosis].

PMID- 13691947
TI  - [Hemodynamic study of diencephalo-hypophysial thinness].

PMID- 13691948
TI  - [Therapy of hyperthyroidism].

PMID- 13691949
TI  - [Diseases of the toe nails].

PMID- 13691951
TI  - [Infections of the fingers and of the hand. Their treatment].

PMID- 13691950
TI  - [Foreign bodies of the fingers and the hand].

PMID- 13691952
TI  - [Open injuries: wounds of the hand. Treatment].

PMID- 13691953
TI  - [Plastic correction of prominent ears].

PMID- 13691954
TI  - [Pulmonary echinococcosis. Allende-Langer technic].

PMID- 13691955
TI  - [Pulmonary echinococcosis. General aspects and technic of Posadas].

PMID- 13691956
TI  - [Pulmonary echinococcosis. Perez Fontana technic].

PMID- 13691957
TI  - [Segmental cesarean section].

PMID- 13691958
TI  - [Traumatic amputation of the fingers of the hand].

PMID- 13691959
TI  - [Treatment of phlegmons of the hand].

PMID- 13691960
TI  - [Treatment of several diseases of the foot].

PMID- 13691961
TI  - [Treatment of wounds and tears of the extensor tendons of the fingers].

PMID- 13691962
TI  - [Wounds of the tendons of the hand. Surgical management. Flexor tendons].

PMID- 13691963
TI  - [Pharyngo-otic zona: clinicoserological considerations].

PMID- 13691965
TI  - [Bilateral adrenalectomy in the treatment of permanent arterial hypertension].

PMID- 13691964
TI  - [Electrophonometric findings in otosclerosis patients].

PMID- 13691967
TI  - [Roentgen irradiation of the pituitary gland and osseous callus].

PMID- 13691966
TI  - [Initial results of indiscriminate BCG vaccination in Leopoldville].

PMID- 13691968
TI  - [Study of substances of tumor origin with inhibitory action on hepatic catalase
      in vivo. 3. Isolation, from ascites fluid, of proteins having anticatalase
      activity].

PMID- 13691969
TI  - Determination of iron in biological materials by the dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine
      reaction.

PMID- 13691970
TI  - In vitro and in vivo activity on catalase of electrophoretically pure human serum
      albumin.

PMID- 13691971
TI  - A contribution to the etiology of liver cirrhoses.

PMID- 13691972
TI  - [Bradykinin, Information on its structure, synthesis and physiologic
      pharmacological bases].

PMID- 13691973
TI  - [On the occurrence and significance of the indole structure in medicine and
      biology].

PMID- 13691974
TI  - [Pharmacology of cardiac glycosides].

PMID- 13691975
TI  - [Studies on the adenylate-kinases of erythrocytes. III. Purification of the
      enzyme by means of adsorption chromatography].

PMID- 13691976
TI  - Adenylate kinase of human placenta.

PMID- 13691977
TI  - Contralateral motor irradiation--cerebral dominance. Its changes in hemiparesis.

PMID- 13691978
TI  - [Multiple nephrolithiasis and abscessing pyelonephritis with perinephric
      abscesses and sacral dystopia of the contralateral kidney].

PMID- 13691979
TI  - [Splenomegalic chronic lymphatic leukemia].

PMID- 13691980
TI  - [Histoplasmosis: pulmonary forms].

PMID- 13691981
TI  - [Primary sarcoma of the heart].

PMID- 13691982
TI  - [Pseudo-cysts of the pancreas].

PMID- 13691983
TI  - [Pleurisy and cancer of the lung].

PMID- 13691984
TI  - [Thrombophlebitis of the sinus cavernosus].

PMID- 13691985
TI  - [Porphyria].

PMID- 13691986
TI  - [Gaseous cholecystitis].

PMID- 13691987
TI  - [Allergic shock in mycotic hypersensitivity].

PMID- 13691988
TI  - [Syndrome of so-called major alimentary anaphylaxis in hypersensitivity to
      Candida tropicalis].

PMID- 13691989
TI  - [A significant anniversary in care for women].

PMID- 13691990
TI  - [Problems in artificial interruption of pregnancy].

PMID- 13691991
TI  - [Role of nursing in the tranmission of infections].

PMID- 13691992
TI  - [Sexual life and pregnancy].

PMID- 13691993
TI  - [The menstrual cycle and the work load].

PMID- 13691994
TI  - [Effect of ethylmaleimide on the level of sulfhydryl compounds in certain organs
      in rats in acute poisoning].

PMID- 13691996
TI  - [Roentgen-diagnosis of parathyroid adenomas by means of pneumomediastinography
      and peristrumography].

PMID- 13691997
TI  - [Roentgenographic cinematography of the digestive tube].

PMID- 13691998
TI  - [Roentgen cinematographic records of esophageal speech].

PMID- 13691999
TI  - [Follicular keratosis in twins].

PMID- 13692000
TI  - [Certain modifications of Rorschach experiment in clinical psychology and
      psychiatry].

PMID- 13692001
TI  - [Fractionation and biochemical significance of acid phosphomonoesterases in
      hormone-dependent carcinomas].

PMID- 13692002
TI  - [Index card used in cataloging of psychiatric diseases of children].

PMID- 13692003
TI  - [Suicide in children and adolescents].

PMID- 13692004
TI  - [Clinical cytogenetics and its possibilities].

PMID- 13692005
TI  - [Sanatorial preparation and postoperative care after the extraction of
      complicated cataracts and uveitis].

PMID- 13692006
TI  - [The chromosomal number and caryotype of the Walker tumor 256].

PMID- 13692007
TI  - [Our experience with an acaracide dust in the eradication of ticks Ixodes ricinus
      L].

PMID- 13692008
TI  - [Findings, through the application of a new method, on the action of
      trihydroxymethylamini-methane (tris) on the root growth of wheat seedlings].

PMID- 13692009
TI  - [Osteofibromas and fibrous dysplasia of the craniofacial bones].

PMID- 13692010
TI  - [The combination of phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride, pyrilamine maleate,
      pheniramine maleate in the therapy of some inflammatory and reactive processes of
      the main airways: electrophotoplethysmographic and clinical study].

PMID- 13692011
TI  - [The cytomorphological aspect of nasal secretion in chronic rhinitis and results
      of treatment with cortisone and antibiotics].

PMID- 13692012
TI  - [Tumors with cylindromatous development of the head: considerations on a case].

PMID- 13692013
TI  - [Disorders of the 8th cranial nerve in epidemic meningitis].

PMID- 13692014
TI  - [Biomicrophotographic pictures of the vascular apparatus of the lingual papillae
      in man].

PMID- 13692015
TI  - [Cranial injuries and changes in the sense of smell].

PMID- 13692016
TI  - [Mixed tumors of extra-salivary sites].

PMID- 13692017
TI  - Motor nerve conduction velocity in "idiopathic" polyneuritis.

PMID- 13692018
TI  - [Quantitative and qualitative changes induced by training on proteinuria of
      effort].

PMID- 13692019
TI  - Maximum oxygen consumption altitude.

PMID- 13692020
TI  - [The maximum consumption of oxygen in Olympic athletes of various specialties].

PMID- 13692021
TI  - [Cardio-circulatory and metabolic characteristics of a group of Olympic
      athletes].

PMID- 13692022
TI  - Some aspects of the respiratory function in man acclimatized to high altitudes
      (the Himalayas).

PMID- 13692023
TI  - [Placental localization by means of radioactive isotopes].

PMID- 13692024
TI  - [Clinical and statistical considerations on tumors of the testicle].

PMID- 13692025
TI  - [Diagnostic and therapeutic considerations on diaphragmatic hernias].

PMID- 13692026
TI  - [Anabolic steroids and hypophysial function].

PMID- 13692028
TI  - [Arteriopathies in fractured extremities. Catamnestic observations].

PMID- 13692027
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of a new synthetic respiratory analeptic: 3-methyl-7-methoxy
      8-dimethylamino-methyl-flavone].

PMID- 13692029
TI  - [The role of lysozyme in ulcerative colitis].

PMID- 13692030
TI  - [The immunoelectrophoretic pattern of the blood in some blood diseases of
      childhood].

PMID- 13692031
TI  - Mammogenic activities of the midgestational mouse placenta.

PMID- 13692032
TI  - [Dyslexia in Martinique].

PMID- 13692033
TI  - [From neurasthenia to the neuroses. The treatment of neuroses in the past].

PMID- 13692034
TI  - [Bilateral ligation of the internal mammary arteries. A means of augmenting the
      blood flow to the heart].

PMID- 13692035
TI  - [Cutaneous periarteritis nodosa].

PMID- 13692036
TI  - [The occurrence of Trichomonas intestinalis in women and the relation of this
      infection to vaginal trichomoniasis].

PMID- 13692037
TI  - [Discharges in the menopause].

PMID- 13692038
TI  - Endoscopic training in urology.

PMID- 13692039
TI  - [Radiochemical separation and determination of calcium, strontium and barium].

PMID- 13692040
TI  - [A contribution to lateral vertebrotomy of the spine in tuberculous spondylitis].

PMID- 13692041
TI  - [The knee and its surroundings from an oncological point of view. Tumors in the
      region of the knee joint].

PMID- 13692042
TI  - [Development of hygienic and anti-epidemic services in Slovakia].

PMID- 13692043
TI  - [Proteinuria and renal lesions in experimental cadmium poisoning].

PMID- 13692044
TI  - [Adrenal cortex functions in treated chronic tuberculous patients].

PMID- 13692045
TI  - Statistical theory of persuasion.

PMID- 13692046
TI  - Relationship of persuasive interaction to change of opinion in dyadic groups when
      the original opinions of participants are expressed privately and publicly.

PMID- 13692047
TI  - [Rheumatoid arthritis mutilans].

PMID- 13692048
TI  - [Ocular hypotension in Addison's disease].

PMID- 13692049
TI  - [Adrenogenital syndrome in an adult woman caused by a benign adrenal tumor with
      the presence of urinary gonadotropins, very high elimination of 17-ketosteroids
      and positive response of 17-hydroxycorticoids to ACTH].

PMID- 13692051
TI  - [Behavior of the neuroglia in cerebral abscesses].

PMID- 13692050
TI  - [Tuberculous encephalitis with small nodules].

PMID- 13692052
TI  - [Tubercular incephalitis with small nodules].

PMID- 13692053
TI  - Toxicology of selenium and tellurium and their compounds.

PMID- 13692054
TI  - [Lacrimal secretions in anophthalmic subjects].

PMID- 13692055
TI  - [Further contribution to the study of adaptation in the senile age].

PMID- 13692056
TI  - [Clinical observations on a new sulfonamide with delayed action: 2-sulfanilamido
      3-methoxy-pyrazine].

PMID- 13692057
TI  - [Bronchial lithiasis].

PMID- 13692058
TI  - [Hernia through the esophageal hiatus and gastric tumor].

PMID- 13692060
TI  - [Sympathoblastoma].

PMID- 13692059
TI  - [Intrathoracic goiters].

PMID- 13692061
TI  - [Anatomo-histological features of the principal pneumoconioses (anthracosis,
      silicosis, asbestosis) and their evaluation with respect to cor pulmonale,
      tuberculosis and lung cancer].

PMID- 13692063
TI  - [Lethargy. II. Contribution to the study of the negative therapeutic reaction].

PMID- 13692062
TI  - [Lethargy. A contribution to the study of the negative therapeutic reaction].

PMID- 13692065
TI  - [An experiment on quantitative and qualitative determination of heparin in the
      blood].

PMID- 13692064
TI  - Arginase activity. I. Partial purification and characterization of a stimulatory
      agent.

PMID- 13692066
TI  - [Condensing osteopathies. Osseous dystrophies].

PMID- 13692067
TI  - [Osteopathies caused by hyperparathy-roidism].

PMID- 13692068
TI  - [Osteoporosis].

PMID- 13692069
TI  - [Paget's disease].

PMID- 13692070
TI  - [Rickets].

PMID- 13692071
TI  - [Sarcoidosis].

PMID- 13692072
TI  - [Problem of dispensary services for fighters against Fasclsm during the
      occupation].

PMID- 13692073
TI  - The determination of amino sugars in the presence of amino acids and glucose.

PMID- 13692074
TI  - [Experiments on the sulfonamide-sensitivity of 405 strains of bacteria isolated
      in the years 1958 and 1959].

PMID- 13692075
TI  - [Antibiotic and furadantin sensitivity tests on 405 strains of bacteria isolated
      in 1958 and 1959].

PMID- 13692076
TI  - [Deviation in the percentage law of bacteriophage neutralization].

PMID- 13692077
TI  - [The pathogenicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa].

PMID- 13692078
TI  - [Hereditary elliptocytosis].

PMID- 13692079
TI  - [Bacterial resistence in previously untreated pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13692080
TI  - [Importance of the study of microbial sensitivity in pulmonary tuberculosis
      patients admitted to a hospital department].

PMID- 13692081
TI  - [Intracerebral tuberculous superinfection in guinea pigs with primary infection
      induced with BCG and with Koch bacilli isolated from patients treated with
      isoniazid].

PMID- 13692082
TI  - Cancer of the stomach in the Katana region (Congo).

PMID- 13692083
TI  - [Problems of psychology in the surgical patient].

PMID- 13692084
TI  - [Spontaneous recovery in a case of pseudotumoral bronchopulmonary candidiasis
      diagnosed by bronchial biopsy].

PMID- 13692085
TI  - [Effect of ethaperazine on conditioned reflexes in rats].

PMID- 13692086
TI  - [Sedative and anti-emetic effect of a new neuroplegic substance ethaperazine].

PMID- 13692087
TI  - [On the mechanism of adreno-sensitizing activity of cocaine].

PMID- 13692088
TI  - [Effect of general vertical vibrations on certain physiological functions in
      man].

PMID- 13692089
TI  - [On irradiation of the nervous processes in the cortex of the human brain].

PMID- 13692090
TI  - Studies on trace electroencephalographic changes in men during the formation of
      motor conditioned reflexes

PMID- 13692091
TI  - [Practical observations on the effectiveness of the use of antirabies gamma
      globulin in severe bites by a rabid wolf].

PMID- 13692092
TI  - Differentiation of the tyrosyl groups of ribonuclease A by iodination.

PMID- 13692093
TI  - [A new case of Waldenstrom's disease].

PMID- 13692094
TI  - [The treatment of anal fistulas by minor ambulatory surgery].

PMID- 13692095
TI  - [Cancer: my new etiopathogenic and therapeutic concept (from already established
      evidence)].

PMID- 13692096
TI  - [Outline of a new etiopathogenesis and treatment of cancer].

PMID- 13692097
TI  - [A note on echinococcosis in Tunisia].

PMID- 13692098
TI  - [The Seuratoidea nematodes].

PMID- 13692099
TI  - [Paracuria macdonaldi Rao, 1951 - an intermediate form between Habronematinae and
      Acuarlinae].

PMID- 13692100
TI  - [Description of the microfilaria of Macdonaldius oschei].

PMID- 13692101
TI  - [New filaria parasitic of the arteries of Heloderma suspectum Cope: Macdonaldius
      andersoni n. sp. (Nematoda, Onchocercidae)].

PMID- 13692103
TI  - [Adaptation of an Aphasmidian nematode to tissue life].

PMID- 13692102
TI  - [New filarial parasites in the arteries of the python: Macdonaldius oschei n. sp.
      (Nematoda, Onchocercidae)].

PMID- 13692104
TI  - [Development and systematic value of the cloacal papillae in phasmidian nematoda
      parasitic of vertebrates].

PMID- 13692105
TI  - [Nematodes parasitic of Lemuria in Madagascar. III. Collection gathered by M. and
      Mme. Francis Petter].

PMID- 13692106
TI  - [Appearance of rhythmic contractions on explants of thoracic imaginal disks of
      larvae of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (L.) cultivated in vitro].

PMID- 13692107
TI  - [The sensitivity to antibio otics of Pseudomonas, Achromobacter and "B5W
      Bacterium anitratum"].

PMID- 13692108
TI  - [Choice of drug combinations in severe staphylococcal infections caused by
      resistant strains].

PMID- 13692109
TI  - [Study of substances toxic for monocellular layer tissue cultures by a method of
      diffusion on agar].

PMID- 13692110
TI  - [Bacteriostatic activity curves of combinations of colistine with tetracycline
      and kanamycin].

PMID- 13692111
TI  - [Recent antibiotics].

PMID- 13692112
TI  - [Palfium-local anesthesia association in ophthalmology].

PMID- 13692114
TI  - [Hypercorticism in adults].

PMID- 13692113
TI  - [Gonadal function in the male subject. Morphological action].

PMID- 13692115
TI  - [Remarks on the prognosis of eccentric fixations in the young child].

PMID- 13692116
TI  - [Scapulohumeral periarthritis and hyperthyroidism. (Apropos of 11 cases)].

PMID- 13692117
TI  - [Influence of certain insecticidal products utilized in vine care on the
      multiplication of Panonychus ulmi Koch (Acarina tetranychidae)].

PMID- 13692118
TI  - [The preventive work of the Academie Nationale de Medecine in the hundred years
      since Pasteur].

PMID- 13692119
TI  - [Cholinesterase in the blood serum in allergic bronchial asthma].

PMID- 13692120
TI  - [Oral administration of autovaccine in bronchial asthma of bacterial origin].

PMID- 13692121
TI  - Herpes zoster-a primary manifestation of chronic lymphatic leukemia; report of a
      case.

PMID- 13692122
TI  - Diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease by bone marrow aspiration.

PMID- 13692123
TI  - [Myocardial involvement in acute necrotico-hemorrhagic pancreatitis. Anatomo
      clinical study].

PMID- 13692124
TI  - [Apropos of 2 cases of ureteral bilharziosis].

PMID- 13692125
TI  - [Histopathological study of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to "Leishmania tropica"].

PMID- 13692126
TI  - [Notes on extrapleural pneumothorax].

PMID- 13692127
TI  - Lactogenic activity of human pituitary growth hormone.

PMID- 13692128
TI  - The effects of phenothiazine drugs on the determination of urinary 5
      hydroxyindolacetic acia.

PMID- 13692130
TI  - The Federal Radiation Council.

PMID- 13692129
TI  - Fluorescent protein tracers: the unreacted fluorescent material in fluorescein
      conjugates and studies of conjugates with other green fluorochromes.

PMID- 13692131
TI  - A procedure for establishing therapeutic contact with the alcoholic.

PMID- 13692132
TI  - Alcoholism problems and programs in Czechoslovakia, Poland and the Soviet Union.

PMID- 13692133
TI  - Cholecystocolic fistula with large bowel hemorrhage. Case report.

PMID- 13692134
TI  - Mitochondrial oxidative enzymes and phosphorylations in cold exposure and
      hibernation.

PMID- 13692135
TI  - [The education of the professional nurse].

PMID- 13692136
TI  - [Comparative effect of adrenaline and of the "releasing factor" on cultures of
      Welchia perfringens. II. Quantitative assays].

PMID- 13692137
TI  - [Comparative effect of adrenaline and the 'releasing factor' on cultures of
      Welchia perfringens. III. Use of the partially purified 'releasing factor'].

PMID- 13692138
TI  - The age at eruption of third permanent molars in male East Africans.

PMID- 13692139
TI  - The cusps on the mandibular molars of East Africans.

PMID- 13692140
TI  - [Conservative laryngectomy with respiratory permeability or crico-hyodopexy].

PMID- 13692141
TI  - [Diffuse symmetrical lipomatosis with cervical predominance].

PMID- 13692142
TI  - Choice of animals for bio-assay.

PMID- 13692143
TI  - [Heart and thyroid].

PMID- 13692144
TI  - [Anamnestic data and laboratory examinations in choledocholithiasis].

PMID- 13692145
TI  - [Immediate and late clinical results of gastrectomy for gastric and duodenal
      ulcer].

PMID- 13692146
TI  - [Obstruction of the third portion of the duodenum by the superior mesenteric
      artery].

PMID- 13692148
TI  - [Aleksandra Ivanovna SMIRNOVA-ZAMKOVA].

PMID- 13692147
TI  - [Recent knowledge on the metabolism and the clinical significance of alkaline
      phosphatase].

PMID- 13692149
TI  - Gastric retention and intestinal malabsorption in diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 13692150
TI  - Complications following surgery for peptic ulcer.

PMID- 13692151
TI  - Reliability of conditioned GSR pure-tone audiometry with adult males.

PMID- 13692152
TI  - Effects of prednisone and corticotropin on gastric secretion. Experiments in
      Heidenhain pouch dogs.

PMID- 13692153
TI  - [Combined application of bicillin, dihydrostreptomycin and oxytetracycline in the
      treatment of acute radiation sickness].

PMID- 13692154
TI  - [Penicillinase synthesis by certain sporogenous microorganisms].

PMID- 13692155
TI  - [Current concepts of the nature of the rest potentia].

PMID- 13692156
TI  - [Measurement of rest and action potentials in the giant fiber in squids with
      different leads].

PMID- 13692157
TI  - [Cor pulmonale in mine workers with thoracic disorders].

PMID- 13692158
TI  - [Study of the excitability of a muscle under traction].

PMID- 13692159
TI  - [Metabolic modifications during prolonged exertion in the athlete].

PMID- 13692160
TI  - The absorption of sucrose, maltose and higher oligosaccharides from the isolated
      rat small intestine.

PMID- 13692161
TI  - [Studies on cerebral metabolism].

PMID- 13692162
TI  - [New technic for the exploration of motor activity].

PMID- 13692163
TI  - [The sterilization of culture media containing solid organic material in
      fermentation apparatuses in laboratories and pilot plants].

PMID- 13692164
TI  - [Benign tumors of the stomach].

PMID- 13692166
TI  - [On surgery of the spine].

PMID- 13692165
TI  - [Result of field studies on regional characteristics of the distribution of
      malignant tumors in USSR. (Certain aspects of 7 expeditions of the Academy of
      Medical Sciences of USSR)].

PMID- 13692167
TI  - Problems of old age.

PMID- 13692168
TI  - Cerebral angiography.

PMID- 13692169
TI  - Role of glutamine in the biosynthesis of cytidine nucleotides in Escherichia
      coli.

PMID- 13692170
TI  - Fibrinolysin (plasmin).

PMID- 13692171
TI  - Rarer causes of cor pulmonale. (Report of two cases).

PMID- 13692172
TI  - Aminoacids in urine.

PMID- 13692173
TI  - The problem of cancer in India with particular reference to the general
      practitioners' role in integrated clinical management.

PMID- 13692174
TI  - [Our model of an instrument for commissurotomy].

PMID- 13692175
TI  - [Progress in tablet production and control. II. Determination of mechanical
      resistance].

PMID- 13692176
TI  - [Indications for technics of arteriography].

PMID- 13692177
TI  - [Generator potentials by mechanical activation of the somatic membrane].

PMID- 13692178
TI  - [Differentiated development as a function of the temperature of the
      characteristics of the electrical activity of some identifiable neurons (neurons
      of Aplysia)].

PMID- 13692179
TI  - [Excitants of biological decrease of acidity in apple juice and cider].

PMID- 13692180
TI  - [Experience in surgery on a ship of the Ist class].

PMID- 13692181
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of the combination or oxytetracycline and oleandomycin in
      respiratory infections].

PMID- 13692182
TI  - The association of 14C-labelled vitamin D2 with rat serum proteins.

PMID- 13692183
TI  - Paul HAAS (1877-1960).

PMID- 13692184
TI  - The effect of cecal coccidiosis infections and experimental hemorrhage upon
      adrenal ascorbic acid levels in the chicken.

PMID- 13692185
TI  - [alpha-Chymotrypsin in the treatment of hemorrhoidal thrombophlebitis].

PMID- 13692186
TI  - Recreation in a chronic disease hospital.

PMID- 13692187
TI  - A giant dermoid cyst.

PMID- 13692188
TI  - Megaloblastic anaemia alternating with polycythaemia vera.

PMID- 13692189
TI  - Viral hepatitis and its sequelae.

PMID- 13692190
TI  - Adipose tissue metabolism and calorie balance.

PMID- 13692191
TI  - [The open-heart surgical treatment of mitral insufficiency].

PMID- 13692192
TI  - [Apropos of a diaphragmatic hernia of unusual etiology].

PMID- 13692193
TI  - [Apropos of a pericardial foreign bodies. Migration of a sternoclavicular
      Kirchner pin into the pericardium].

PMID- 13692194
TI  - [Centro-medullary nailing in the treatment of metastatic fractures of the long
      bones of the extremities. Apropos of several personal cases].

PMID- 13692195
TI  - [A case of posttraumatic Budd-Chiari syndrome].

PMID- 13692196
TI  - [How to approach the treatment of perforated gastroduodenal ulcers in the present
      day].

PMID- 13692197
TI  - [Considerations on the clinical diagnosis and treatment of cholelithiasis. 4.
      Surgical treatment of cholelithiasis].

PMID- 13692198
TI  - [The resucitation of diabetics in surgical practice. Physiopathological concepts.
      Therapeutic requisites].

PMID- 13692199
TI  - [5 cases of pulmonary or pleuro-pulmonary exeresis for vesicular staphylococcal
      emphysema complicating the mechanical accidents caused by insufflation or
      compressive pyopneumothorax].

PMID- 13692200
TI  - Autoproteolysis in non-growing microbial cells and its regulation.

PMID- 13692201
TI  - Localization of a protease in the cell of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 13692202
TI  - The assessment of electroencephalographic changes and memory disturbances in
      acute intoxications with industrial poisons.

PMID- 13692203
TI  - [Memory disorders in acute carbon monoxide poisonings].

PMID- 13692204
TI  - [Therapeutic exercise after gynecological operations].

PMID- 13692205
TI  - [On the problem of neomycin therapy of suppurative peritonitis].

PMID- 13692206
TI  - [On the quantum theory of the mechanism of cancerization by chemical substances.
      The case of the benzacridines and of their methylated derivatives].

PMID- 13692207
TI  - [On the difficulties encountered in the determination of strains of soil
      bacteria].

PMID- 13692208
TI  - [Primary multiple pulmonary echinococcosis. One-stage bilateral thoracotomy].

PMID- 13692209
TI  - [Apparently primary pseudo-tumoral bronchopulmonary actinomycosis treated by
      lobar exeresis].

PMID- 13692210
TI  - Advances in surgery.

PMID- 13692212
TI  - The teaching of surgery.

PMID- 13692213
TI  - Thyroid enlargement probably induced by cobalt. A report of 3 cases.

PMID- 13692214
TI  - Ligation and division of the bronchus in the surgical treatment of cavitary
      tuberculosis.

PMID- 13692211
TI  - The teaching of surgery.

PMID- 13692215
TI  - Wringer injuries.

PMID- 13692216
TI  - The management of burns in children.

PMID- 13692217
TI  - The influence of infrarenal aortic crossclamping on renal blood flow.

PMID- 13692219
TI  - Strabismus.

PMID- 13692218
TI  - Mechanism of transmission of viruses by mosquitoes.

PMID- 13692221
TI  - Are nurses meeting their responsibilities?

PMID- 13692220
TI  - Running away during psychotherapy.

PMID- 13692222
TI  - Effects on round window potentials of localized changes in cochlear temperature.

PMID- 13692223
TI  - Infarcted cysts of the fallopian tube.

PMID- 13692224
TI  - A clinical type of hypertension observed in Jamaica - illustrated by the most
      outstanding of the cases observed.

PMID- 13692225
TI  - Maternal deprivation and the concept of time in children.

PMID- 13692226
TI  - The role of need-attitudes in adjustment.

PMID- 13692227
TI  - A case of metastasizing chorionepithelioma treated by local excision and
      pituitary ablation with yttrium 90.

PMID- 13692228
TI  - The origins and identities of irritants in polluted atmospheres.

PMID- 13692229
TI  - Effect of various asymptotic restrictions on human trial-and-error learning.

PMID- 13692230
TI  - Cadet schemes, recruitment and wastage.

PMID- 13692231
TI  - Determining drug sensitivity; use of the gel diffusion method.
AB  - A study was carried out to determine whether the double diffusion gel test when
      applied to the serum of patients with clear-cut penicillin reactions of various
      types, might be useful for demonstrating the presence of precipitating antibody.
      Results did not demonstrate the antibody.The difference in results with this test
      obtained by various workers was not explained by the observations in this study.
      Other approaches to determination of the mechanism of the penicillin reaction are
      discussed, and it is noted that the hemagglutination test, newly applied to the
      penicillin reaction problem, may be useful after further investigation.

PMID- 13692232
TI  - Learning to wear contact lenses.

PMID- 13692233
TI  - Rupture of the jejunum due to nonpenetrating trauma as an isolated injury.

PMID- 13692234
TI  - Cor triloculare biatriatum. Survival to adult life.

PMID- 13692235
TI  - Phlegmasia cerulea dolens occurring with coumadin anticoagulation.

PMID- 13692237
TI  - [Considerations on new methods of detection of morphine in the course of a
      toxicological expertise].

PMID- 13692236
TI  - [Treatment of 16 cases of lepromatous leprosy with D-cycloserine. Results after
      one or more years of treatment].

PMID- 13692238
TI  - [Attempted elimination of synthetic anionic detergents discharged into river
      waters].

PMID- 13692239
TI  - [Oxidative-inhibitory properties manifested by synthetic anionic detergents in
      solution: their interpretation].

PMID- 13692240
TI  - [The role of anionic detergents in the retardation of the autopurification of
      rivers].

PMID- 13692241
TI  - [Free nucleotides in the erythrocytes in rats after x-irradiation].

PMID- 13692242
TI  - [Free nucleotides of erythrocytes after x-ray irradiation].

PMID- 13692243
TI  - [Apropos of 2 cases of rheumatismal psychosic encephalitis].

PMID- 13692244
TI  - [Chemical intermediaries and decidualization].

PMID- 13692245
TI  - [Autonomic nervous function in children with toxicoses].

PMID- 13692246
TI  - [Certain properties of the autonomic nervous system activity in normal children].

PMID- 13692247
TI  - Fluctuations in size of the normal blind spot.

PMID- 13692248
TI  - The effect of tonsillectomy on the incidence of streptococcal respiratory disease
      and its complications.

PMID- 13692249
TI  - [Stenosing odditis].

PMID- 13692250
TI  - [Apropos of the detection and treatment of hepatic metastases of digestive
      cancer].

PMID- 13692251
TI  - [Apropos of the detection and treatment of hepatic metastases of digestive
      cancers].

PMID- 13692252
TI  - [Energy and nitrogen values in the rat during pregnancy and under the effect of
      prolactin].

PMID- 13692253
TI  - [Remarkable behavior of the pregnant rat with a quantitative and qualitative
      deficiency in dietary proteins].

PMID- 13692254
TI  - Appendectomy at cesarean section.

PMID- 13692255
TI  - A diamond burr for dermabrasive treatment.

PMID- 13692256
TI  - Foward, backward, and pseudoconditioning of the GSR.

PMID- 13692257
TI  - Motivational effects in approach-avoidance conflict.

PMID- 13692259
TI  - Supplementary report: interpolated UCS trials in GSR conditioning.

PMID- 13692258
TI  - Some comments on Eysenck's treatment of modern learning theory.

PMID- 13692260
TI  - Unilateral hyperhidrosis of the trunk.

PMID- 13692262
TI  - Livedo reticularis.

PMID- 13692261
TI  - Cutaneous arteriolitis.

PMID- 13692263
TI  - Plastic surgery. Current concepts and misconceptions.

PMID- 13692264
TI  - [Blood group and identity disc of military personnel].

PMID- 13692265
TI  - [Effect of certain biologically-active substances on the respiration and
      restoration of phosphorus compounds in brain slices].

PMID- 13692266
TI  - A study of 65 cases of compound presentation.

PMID- 13692267
TI  - The role of hepatic damage on development of the Walker 256 carcinosarcoma.

PMID- 13692268
TI  - The use of "aging" in reducing the development of tumors after inoculation of
      carcinosarcoma 256 Walker cells.

PMID- 13692269
TI  - In vitro effects of irradiation combined with actinomycin D.

PMID- 13692270
TI  - The deletion of tryptophan peroxidase activity during dye carcinogenesis.

PMID- 13692272
TI  - [On the method of detection of capillaries of the biliary tract].

PMID- 13692271
TI  - Sodium in Chinese vegetables.

PMID- 13692273
TI  - [Change in the blood vitamin C content in acute radiation sickness in dogs
      treated with cysteine].

PMID- 13692274
TI  - [Early changes in the blood vitamin C content in acute radiation sickness in dogs
      fed normal diets].

PMID- 13692275
TI  - ATP induced oxidation of exogenous cytochrome c in terminally inhibited
      phosphorylating particles.

PMID- 13692276
TI  - Metabolic control mechanisms. 5. A solution for the equations representing
      interaction between glycolysis and respiration in ascites tumor cells.

PMID- 13692277
TI  - The interaction of energy and electron transfer reactions in mitochondria. I.
      General properties and nature of the products of succinate-linked reduction of
      pyridine nucleotide.

PMID- 13692278
TI  - The interaction of energy and electron transfer reactions in mitochondria. III.
      Substrate requirements for pyridine nucleotide reduction in mitochondria.

PMID- 13692279
TI  - The interaction of energy and electron transfer reactions in mitochondria. IV.
      The pathway of electron transfer.

PMID- 13692280
TI  - The interaction of energy and electron transfer reactions in mitochondria. VI.
      The efficiency of the reaction.

PMID- 13692282
TI  - Energy-linked cytochrome oxidation in mitochondria.

PMID- 13692281
TI  - Direct spectrophotometric studies of the kinetics of oxidation and reduction of
      ubiquinone of heart-muscle particles.

PMID- 13692283
TI  - The interaction of energy and electron transfer reactions in mitochondria. II.
      General properties of adenosine triphosphate-linked oxidation of cytochrome and
      reduction of pyridine nucleotide.

PMID- 13692284
TI  - The interaction of energy and electron transfer reactions in mitochondria. V. The
      energy transfer pathway.

PMID- 13692285
TI  - Rise and present status of nuclear studies in bacteria.

PMID- 13692286
TI  - Independence training and first graders' achievement.

PMID- 13692287
TI  - Herpes simplex of the fingers.

PMID- 13692288
TI  - Oral hypoglycaemic agents.

PMID- 13692289
TI  - A study of cerebrovascular strokes. A statistical analysis of 476 cases with
      detailed study of 108 cases.

PMID- 13692290
TI  - Filariasis in the District of Ghazipur (Uttar Pradesh).

PMID- 13692291
TI  - Problem of filariasis in the District of Deoria (Uttar Pradesh).

PMID- 13692292
TI  - Observations on tuberous sclerosis in Indians.

PMID- 13692293
TI  - Tuberous sclerosis (Bourneville's disease).

PMID- 13692294
TI  - [Use of a hydrocortisone-antibiotic mixture in intratubal perfusions and
      instillations in cases of sterility].

PMID- 13692295
TI  - Phagocytized platelets: a source of lipids in human thrombi and atherosclerotic
      plaques.
AB  - Phagocytosis of lipid-rich platelets by monocytes and the transformation of such
      cells into lipophages containing fat was observed in human thrombi. The
      lipophages are similar to lipophages in atherosclerotic plaques. This observation
      supports the idea that some atherosclerotic plaques are organized mural thrombi.

PMID- 13692296
TI  - An apparatus to control the exposure of blood to gases during in vitro
      thrombosis.

PMID- 13692297
TI  - Potassium replacement therapy.
AB  - Potassium replacement is often an important therapeutic measure, and the
      advantages of effervescing potassium-containing granules are put forward in this
      article.

PMID- 13692298
TI  - Benign duodeno-colonic fistula.
AB  - Two cases of benign duodeno-colic fistula are described. In the first, no cause
      was evident, but complete cure of an illness characterized by fatty diarrhoea,
      loss of weight, anaemia, and osteomalacia followed surgical repair. In the second
      patient cure was spontaneous after a peri-duodenal abscess from a perforated post
      bulbar duodenal ulcer discharged into the hepatic flexure of the colon.

PMID- 13692299
TI  - The treatment of haematemesis.

PMID- 13692300
TI  - The epidemiology of surgical infections. II. Bacterial densities in an operating
      room area.

PMID- 13692301
TI  - The effect of monaural and binaural tones of different intensities on the visual
      perception of verticality.

PMID- 13692302
TI  - A major cause of hypotony.

PMID- 13692303
TI  - Encephalopathy in mice produced by inoculation with scrapie brain material.

PMID- 13692304
TI  - Greater susceptibility to Mycobacterium johnei of C.57 black mice, when compared
      with CBA and Swiss white mice.

PMID- 13692305
TI  - Infection of laboratory animals with Mycobacterium johnei. I. Infection in Swiss
      white mice and its modification by suramin and cortisone.

PMID- 13692306
TI  - Infection of laboratory animals with Mycobacterium johnei. II. Infection in white
      rats; effect of cortisone treatment.

PMID- 13692307
TI  - Infection of laboratory animals with Mycobacterium johnei. III. Liver and spleen
      infections of vaccinated and unvaccinated Swiss white mice.

PMID- 13692308
TI  - Infection of laboratory animals with Mycobacterium johnei. IV. Comparative
      susceptibility to infection of C.57, C.B.A and Swiss white mice.

PMID- 13692309
TI  - The effect of prolactin on some purine metabolizing activities.

PMID- 13692310
TI  - Alkaline phosphatase studies in kidneys in experimental burns and in 5 cases of
      extensive human burns.

PMID- 13692311
TI  - Histological changes in adrenals in 108 experimental animals in extensive burns.

PMID- 13692312
TI  - A simple, safe and satisfactory treatment for herpes, chickenpox and probably
      smallpox.

PMID- 13692313
TI  - [Study of thermal shock on the blood proteins in the hog-fish and tench].

PMID- 13692314
TI  - Editorial history of the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

PMID- 13692315
TI  - Further studies on vitamin B12 deprivation and carbohydrate metabolism.

PMID- 13692316
TI  - [Effect of certain substrates and biologicallyactive substances on the rate of
      restoration of phosphorus compunds in brain slices].

PMID- 13692317
TI  - [Role of cement dust and of its components in the development of pneumoconiosis].

PMID- 13692318
TI  - Congenital partial defect of the pericardium associated with herniation of the
      left atrial apendage.

PMID- 13692319
TI  - Microangiographic studies of kidney and brain in animals: technical aspects.

PMID- 13692320
TI  - Hypothalectomy in amphibian embryos. II. Development of endocrine organs
      following removal of hypothalamus primordium.

PMID- 13692321
TI  - Hypothalectomy in amphibian embryos. III. Studies on the problem whether ACTH and
      MEH are identical or separate hormones.

PMID- 13692322
TI  - Bioassay of thyrotrophic hormone in hypophysoprivic tadpoles.

PMID- 13692323
TI  - [Hygienic evaluation of certain protective light filters].

PMID- 13692324
TI  - Adrenal estrogens. I. Conversion of 4-C14-cortisone acetate to 11-oxygenated
      estrogens in women.

PMID- 13692325
TI  - The influence of light stimulation on cerebral excitability.

PMID- 13692326
TI  - Observations on pathogenic coliform bacteria from the adult human mouth.

PMID- 13692327
TI  - Prolonged action potentials and regenerative hyperpolarizing responses in
      Purkinje fibers of mammalian heart.

PMID- 13692328
TI  - Electrophysiological studies of a non-luminescent form of the dinoflagellate
      Noctiluca miliaris.

PMID- 13692329
TI  - Sputum cell concentration by membrane filtration for cancer diagnosis: a
      preliminary report.

PMID- 13692330
TI  - The histochemical effects of x-irradiation upon spleen and lymph nodes.

PMID- 13692331
TI  - Scrotal asymmetry and handedness.

PMID- 13692332
TI  - N-Methyl-4-pyridone-5-carboxamide as a metabolite of nicotinic acid in man and
      monkey.

PMID- 13692333
TI  - Improved preparation of 5-bromo-2-deoxycytidine.

PMID- 13692334
TI  - Appearance of marked DNA-de-grading and thymine catabolic activities in a human
      cell infected with a transmissible agent.

PMID- 13692335
TI  - Carbon dioxide requirement and nucleic acid metabolism of HeLa and conjunctival
      cells.

PMID- 13692336
TI  - A comparative study of the growth, nutrition, and metabolism of the primary and
      the transformed human cells in vitro.
AB  - The growth characteristics, nutritional requirements, and metabolic activities of
      primary explants (chiefly amnion) and transformed human cells (derived from
      amnion, conjunctiva, and cervical cancer) were compared. Major differences
      observed are as follows: 1. Five types of human tissue when freshly explanted in
      vitro were found to have varying but limited growth potential in contrast to the
      autonomous and apparently unlimited growth of the transformed cell. 2. A
      requirement for an external source of inositol or glutamine could not be
      demonstrated for the slowly multiplying primary amnions in contrast to the
      rapidly growing transformed cells which degenerated in the absence of either
      metabolite. 3. Unlike the transformed cells, the primary amnion cells fixed an
      insignificant amount of CO(2); when infected by the Coxsackie virus, however, a
      requirement for CO(2) in the formation of more virus became readily demonstrable.
      4. The biggest difference in the incorporation of various C(14) substrates
      occurred in the nucleic acid fractions. 5. The difference in the incorporation of
      glycine into the protein fraction was very small. 6. The utilization of glucose,
      ribose, and xylose as well as the oxidation of lactic acid into CO(2) by the
      primary amnion cells occurred at a rate much lower than that of the transformed
      cells. 7. The cytotoxic dose of 5-fluorodeoxyuridine for the primary amnion was
      at least 100 times that of the transformed cells although growth inhibition was
      readily demonstrated at 0.1 microg. per ml. for both types of cells. Based on
      these observations, several hypotheses are put forth for consideration.

PMID- 13692338
TI  - Properties of a transmissible agent capable of inducing marked DNA degradation
      and thymine catabolism in human cell.

PMID- 13692337
TI  - Genetic study of human cells in vitro. Carbohydrate variants from cultures of
      HeLa and conjunctival cells.
AB  - The isolation of carbohydrate variants from cultures of HeLa and conjunctival
      cells was described. Factors inherent in the cell culture system, such as parent
      populations and dialyzed serums, have been shown to influence the outcome of
      variant isolations. Established stable variants incorporated significantly more
      pentoses or lactate into various cell fractions than the parent cultures. Besides
      their abilities to propagate continuously in the selecting environments, the
      variants multiplied slower, were more susceptible to sub-zero preservation and
      the cytotoxic effect of D-2-deoxyglucose, showed lower cloning efficiencies and
      were less susceptible to the deleterious effect of glucose oxidase. The ribose
      variants also differed from the parent cultures in morphological appearance such
      as formation of multinucleated cells and ring-shaped colonies. They converted
      more ribose into other component sugars of mucopolysaccharides than the parent
      cultures. Preliminary analyses of the mucopolysaccharides extracted from the
      ribose variants and parent cultures showed large difference in their carbohydrate
      (Molisch-positive materials) and DNA ratios. Evidence suggests that a sequence of
      interrelated events from genetic selection to primitive morphogenesis has been
      established.

PMID- 13692339
TI  - The effects of sugars and nitrogenous compounds upon the metabolism of
      Streptomyces aureofaciens.

PMID- 13692340
TI  - A capillary method for influenza virus hemagglutination and its inhibition test.

PMID- 13692341
TI  - [Division of the separate neurons of the cerebellum in a frog produced by the
      excitation of the vestibular nerve].

PMID- 13692342
TI  - Complicated pelvic fractures (with case reports).

PMID- 13692343
TI  - Infection of the nervous system by Coxsacki A 9 virus.

PMID- 13692344
TI  - Transmission failure in sympathetic nerves produced by hemicholinium.
AB  - It has been shown by others that hemicholinium (alpha,alpha'-dimethylethanolamino
      4,4'-biacetophenone) inhibits the synthesis of acetylcholine, an effect which is
      reversed by choline. Hemicholinium produces a failure of response to nerve
      stimulation in the following sympathetically innervated preparations: guinea-pig
      isolated vas deferens, rabbit isolated uterus, rabbit isolated colon, perfused
      rabbit ear, cat isolated atria and the piloerector muscles in the cat's tail. The
      blocking action of hemicholinium on the responses to postganglionic sympathetic
      stimulation resembles its blocking action against cholinergic nerve stimulation
      observed on rabbit isolated atria with vagus nerves, rabbit isolated vagina with
      pelvic nerves, and guinea-pig isolated diaphragm with phrenic nerve. The failure
      of transmission produced by hemicholinium in sympathetic nerves and in
      cholinergic nerves can be reversed by choline. It is suggested that if there were
      a cholinergic junction at sympathetic nerve endings the mechanism of the blocking
      action of hemicholinium at these endings could be explained by inhibition of
      acetylcholine synthesis.

PMID- 13692345
TI  - alpha-Reduction of the 20-carbonyl group in C-21 steroids by Rhodotorula
      longissima.

PMID- 13692346
TI  - [Specific desensitizations in occupational dermatoses].

PMID- 13692347
TI  - [Apropos of the treatment of eczemas with a gamma globulin with a high histamino
      protective power].

PMID- 13692348
TI  - [Apropos of the treatment of eczemas with a gamma globulin with high histamine
      protective power].

PMID- 13692349
TI  - Seeking radiological health readiness. Efforts among public health personnel in
      North Carolina.

PMID- 13692350
TI  - Meeting North Carolina's occupational health needs through our state agencies.

PMID- 13692351
TI  - Further studies on the structure of holothurin.

PMID- 13692352
TI  - Growth of laboratory and naturally occurring strains of Eaton agent in monkey
      kidney tissue culture.

PMID- 13692353
TI  - Infectious disease: respiratory viruses.

PMID- 13692354
TI  - Respiratory syncytial virus. I. Virus recovery and other observations during 1960
      outbreak of bronchiolitis, pneumonia, and minor respiratory diseases in children.

PMID- 13692355
TI  - Eaton agent pneumonia.

PMID- 13692356
TI  - Respiratory disease in volunteers infected with Eaton agent: a preliminary
      report.

PMID- 13692357
TI  - Serologic response of incividuals infected with para influenza viruses.

PMID- 13692358
TI  - [Some considerations on the psychotherapeutic use of a new psychotonic drug].

PMID- 13692359
TI  - [Basic ideas concerning vectorcardiography. II. The normal and pathological
      auricular vectorcardiogram].

PMID- 13692360
TI  - Preexamination stress, informations chedules, and learning.

PMID- 13692362
TI  - [Some presently insoluble cases of reclassification or of post-commitment care].

PMID- 13692361
TI  - [Clinical contribution to the study of chlorprothixene].

PMID- 13692363
TI  - An interferon-like inhibitor of viral multiplication from malignant cells (the
      viral autoinhibition phenomenon).

PMID- 13692364
TI  - [Critical review of the experimental study of infectious mononucleosis].

PMID- 13692365
TI  - [Virus infection on the cellular level and in the organism].

PMID- 13692366
TI  - Diamox in epilepsy. A critical review of 178 case.

PMID- 13692367
TI  - Studies in egg white antigen content of influenza virus vaccines.

PMID- 13692368
TI  - [Intestinal parasitoses in children].

PMID- 13692369
TI  - [Effect of testosterone on the development of arterial hypertension and of
      nephrosclerosis caused by overload of desoxycorticosterone acetate (DCA) in
      rats].

PMID- 13692370
TI  - On vascular lesions in rats with high blood pressure due to desoxycorticosterone
      acetate (DCA) overdosage. II. Kidney arterioles wall to lumen ratio.

PMID- 13692371
TI  - [On the occurrence of vascular lesions in the kidney of hypertensive dogs caused
      by renal ischemia].

PMID- 13692373
TI  - [Hazards of immobilization].

PMID- 13692372
TI  - Of misses and medicines.

PMID- 13692374
TI  - Haemophilia A in a girl. A probable exception from sex-linked recessive
      inheritance.

PMID- 13692375
TI  - Constrictions in normal human chromosomes.

PMID- 13692376
TI  - [Desulfhydration and beta-substitution of cysteine catalyzed by cysteinelyase
      from the chick vitelline sac and egg yolk].

PMID- 13692377
TI  - [Enzymatic substitution of the thiol group of L-cysteine with sulfite, under the
      influence of a protein fraction isolated from the vitelline sac and the vitellus
      of embryonic chick eggs].

PMID- 13692378
TI  - [Characteristics of regional circulation in hypertension].

PMID- 13692379
TI  - Pulmonary ventilation function in patients with asthma. A study of mean maximal
      expiratory volume velocity (flow rate) as determined by a special apparatus.

PMID- 13692380
TI  - Some newer ideas about jaundice and bilirubin metabolism.

PMID- 13692382
TI  - Studies in the biosynthesis of fungal metabolites. The biosynthesis of
      palitantin.

PMID- 13692381
TI  - Treatment of myeloid metaplasia with testosterone. Case report.

PMID- 13692383
TI  - The stability of the plasma hemoglobin level in the normal human subject.

PMID- 13692384
TI  - [The diagnostic value of changes in the protein fractions of the blood serum in
      acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 13692385
TI  - [New data on a study of assimilation of protein hydrolysates].

PMID- 13692386
TI  - [Study on the assimilation by the animal organism of nitrogen products of protein
      hydrolysates by the radioactive isotope method].

PMID- 13692388
TI  - Disciplining children.

PMID- 13692387
TI  - Aortic dacron graft surgery and electroshock: report of a case.

PMID- 13692389
TI  - On managing adolescents.

PMID- 13692390
TI  - Health and welfare services for the aged.

PMID- 13692391
TI  - The chronic diseases affect our economy--a look at the future.

PMID- 13692392
TI  - On the nature of cardiac control.

PMID- 13692394
TI  - The community in disaster.

PMID- 13692393
TI  - Diagnosis of bizarre forms of hyperthyroidism.

PMID- 13692395
TI  - Fine structure of the larval anuran epidermis, with special reference to the
      figures of Eberth.
AB  - Small pieces of skin from 8 cm long Rana clamitans larvae were fixed in OsO(4),
      washed, dehydrated, and embedded in a methacrylate mixture. Ultrathin sections
      were cut on a Porter-Blum ultramicrotome and were examined in an RCA electron
      microscope, type EMU 2D. The sections showed that aggregates of fibrous material
      in the cells of the inner layer of epidermal cells are identical in disposition
      and size with the classical figures of Eberth. It is conclusively shown that
      these figures do not arise from an aggregation of mitochondrial filaments. The
      tendency of the fibrils to concentrate on attachment points, or thickenings of
      the basal plasma membrane, is noted. It is also observed that numerous
      mitochondria are located in the distal region of the cells of the outer layer of
      epidermis in association with the secretory vacuoles. Microvilli are seen
      occasionally on the free surface of the skin. Cisternae are found only in the
      cells of the outer epidermal layer, while vesicular endoplasmic reticulum is
      found in the cells of both epidermal layers.

PMID- 13692396
TI  - Abruptio placentae in two consecutive pregnancies.

PMID- 13692397
TI  - Palatal leukoplakia in a female cigaret smoker. Contribution to study of tobacco
      induced epithelial hyperplasia in human beings.

PMID- 13692399
TI  - Control of weight gain in pregnancy, utilizing methamphetamine.

PMID- 13692398
TI  - Morphological and chemical studies of collagen formation. I. The fine structure
      of guinea pig granulomata.
AB  - This paper describes electron microscopic studies of developing connective tissue
      in granulomata induced by the subcutaneous injection of carrageenin into guinea
      pigs. Seven days after injection the granulomata contained many fibroblasts and
      exhibited rapid production of collagen. The fibroblasts were characterised by an
      extensively developed endoplasmic reticulum and showed numbers of fine,
      unstriated filaments in the outer regions of the cytoplasm. The filaments, about
      50 A in diameter, tended to lie parallel to and closely adjacent to the cell
      boundary. The cytoplasmic membrane was frequently ill defined or disrupted,
      particularly bordering regions in which filaments occurred. In longitudinal
      sections of extended cell processes, filaments were abundant and, in some
      instances, the cytoplasmic membrane was barely detectable. In the extracellular
      space striated collagen fibrils were usually accompanied by filaments, 50 to 100
      A in diameter, and these often exhibited the characteristic periodicity of
      collagen, particularly after intense electron bombardment. Much cellular debris
      was present in the extracellular space. These observations have led to the
      suggestion that connective tissue precursors are released from fibroblasts by the
      disintegration or dissolution of the cytoplasmic membrane and the shedding of
      cytoplasmic material, as in the apocrine gland cells. In some instances this
      release may take the form of the elongation from the cell of extended processes;
      disintegration of the cytoplasmic membrane surrounding these processes then
      leaves the contents in the extracellular phase.

PMID- 13692400
TI  - Validity of 70 mm. photofluorograms of the chest in screening a population for
      heart disease.

PMID- 13692401
TI  - Claviculectomy in the management of postresectional space problems.

PMID- 13692402
TI  - A serological reaction associated with sarcoidosis.

PMID- 13692403
TI  - Human mycobacterial infection: a review.

PMID- 13692404
TI  - The adequacy of present criteria of noninfectiousness as measured by tuberculin
      conversion in the offspring of adults with active tuberculosis of the lung.

PMID- 13692405
TI  - [Theoretical considerations on the causal agent or agents in Boeck's
      sarcoidosis].

PMID- 13692406
TI  - Neuroblastoma: 10 years' experience.

PMID- 13692407
TI  - Definition of a biochemical agent implicated in the mechanism of vascular
      headache of the migraine type.

PMID- 13692409
TI  - A search for lunacy.

PMID- 13692408
TI  - Neurohumoral features of afferent fibers in man. Their role in vasodilation,
      inflammation, and pain.

PMID- 13692410
TI  - Public school speech and hearing services. VI. Clinical practice: remedial
      procedures.

PMID- 13692411
TI  - The isolated perfused bovine liver.
AB  - 1. A procedure is described for surgically isolating and artificially perfusing
      the liver of the young bovine. Heparinized autogenous blood from the
      hepatectomized animal diluted with Krebs-Ringer-bicarbonate solution is employed
      as the perfusate. 2. This preparation has been satisfactorily reproducible in
      this laboratory in more than 90 separate sequential perfusions. Absence of a
      sensitive hepatic venous smooth musculature contributes to the ability to
      maintain satisfactory perfusion for as long as 24 hours. 3. The perfusate was
      usually maintained bacterially free for at least the first 12 hours of perfusion
      without the use of antibiotics. The perfusate was maintained at normal body
      temperature and, by varying the CO(2) content of the oxygenating gas, within a
      physiological pH range. The importance of these features when studying problems
      of intermediary biochemistry and ultrastructure is emphasized. 4. The liver of
      the bovine calf is sufficiently large to permit (a) simultaneous and independent
      perfusion through the hepatic artery and portal vein, and (b) repeated sampling
      of hepatic tissue without interruption of the circulation. 5. Excellent, viable
      condition of the isolated liver, throughout many hours of perfusion, was
      demonstrated by steady state of oxygen consumption, efficient clearance of
      bromsulphalein dye, continuous secretion of bile, constancy of blood flows and
      pressures, and very minimal alterations from normal in histologic and
      ultrastructural detail.

PMID- 13692412
TI  - Effects of dithiazinine iodide on Dirofilaria immitis in dogs.

PMID- 13692413
TI  - Nutritional aspects of the use of food colors.

PMID- 13692414
TI  - [Nutritional aspects of the use of food colors].

PMID- 13692415
TI  - An inspection method for automobile hydrocarbon emission.

PMID- 13692416
TI  - Spectral sensitivity of single neural units in the bullfrog retina.

PMID- 13692417
TI  - Pulmonary function tests.

PMID- 13692418
TI  - The P wave axis of the E.C.G. and the timed vital capacity (FEVI) in chronic non
      specific lung disease.

PMID- 13692419
TI  - The uptake of fluorescent albumin by pinocytosis in Amoeba proteus.

PMID- 13692420
TI  - [Physicochemical study of the combinations between plant proteins and
      polyphenolic substances].

PMID- 13692421
TI  - [Analysis of the possibilities of extra-venereal contamination of urogenital
      trichomoniasis].

PMID- 13692422
TI  - Possible role of increased sensitivity to adrenal steroids in adrenal
      regeneration hypertension.

PMID- 13692423
TI  - A quick ambulatory control for mononucleosis.

PMID- 13692424
TI  - Living with diabetes.

PMID- 13692425
TI  - An analysis of 300 cases of urinary tract infections.

PMID- 13692426
TI  - A psychological approach to traumatic paraplegia: use of hypnosis.

PMID- 13692427
TI  - Effects of oligomycin on respiration and swelling of isolated liver mitochondria.

PMID- 13692428
TI  - Animal infectivity of aerosols of monkey B virus.

PMID- 13692429
TI  - Carbon monoxide fixation by cell-free extracts of green plants.

PMID- 13692430
TI  - [Agenesis of the spleen, situs inversus and complex cardiopathies (Ivemark's
      syndrome): clinical, hematological and anatomic study].

PMID- 13692431
TI  - [Familial hypoparathyroidism. Clinical, biological and therapeutic study].

PMID- 13692432
TI  - [Primary hypoparathyroidism in children and related problems].

PMID- 13692433
TI  - [Primary pulmonary hemosiderosis].

PMID- 13692434
TI  - [Accidents induced by isoniazid during prolonged treatments of tuberculosis in
      children. I. Clinical study. II. Interpretation. III. Biological results].

PMID- 13692435
TI  - [Study on congenital biliary fibroangiomatosis. Apropos of a case with
      association of renal dysplasia].

PMID- 13692436
TI  - [Glycogenic polycoria caused by deficiency of amylo-1, 6-glucosidase in the liver
      without muscular abnormality].

PMID- 13692437
TI  - [Respiratory infection and allergy in the child].

PMID- 13692438
TI  - [Primary pulmonary hemosiderosis in children. Clinical, biological, hemodynamic
      and anatomical study. Failure of corticotherapy administered for 18 months].

PMID- 13692439
TI  - [The Hamman Rich syndrome in the child].

PMID- 13692440
TI  - [Study on congenital biliary fibroangiomatosis. Apropos of a case associated with
      a renal dysplasia].

PMID- 13692441
TI  - [Recurring ventricular tachycardia in the infant].

PMID- 13692442
TI  - [Hemoglobin A-2. 1) Its interest in the course of thalassemia, apropos of 3
      families. 2) Its transitory increase in the course of a state of hypersideremic
      hypochromic anemia of the infant].

PMID- 13692443
TI  - [Sneddon-Wilkinson recurring pustulosis].

PMID- 13692444
TI  - [Acute dermatomyositis developing for 2 years].

PMID- 13692445
TI  - [Congenital Duhring's disease (Unna's hydroa puerorum)].

PMID- 13692447
TI  - [The physician writer].

PMID- 13692446
TI  - [Some aspects of spondylitis due to staphylococci (apropos of 4 cases)].

PMID- 13692448
TI  - [On the mycoside Cm, a new peptido-glycolipid isolated from Mycobacterium
      marianum].

PMID- 13692450
TI  - The cardiac effects of group A streptococcal sonicates in rabbits.

PMID- 13692449
TI  - [Contribution to the medical treatment of ulcerative rectocolitis with
      "Salazopyrin"].

PMID- 13692451
TI  - Carcinosarcoma of the uterus. A review of the literature and report of four new
      cases.

PMID- 13692452
TI  - Metabolic functions of myo-inositol. II. Effect of inositol deficiency on the
      metabolism of nucleic acids of mammalian cells in tissue culture.

PMID- 13692453
TI  - Experience in 812 cataract operations with enzymatic zonulolysis.

PMID- 13692454
TI  - [Dysuric aged males. Reflexions on 157 operations at the Carrefour Uretro
      Prostatique].

PMID- 13692455
TI  - [Vesical lithiasis in children. Apropos of about 20 cases].

PMID- 13692456
TI  - The development of resistance to tolbutamidum in dogs.

PMID- 13692457
TI  - [New growth factors in brewer's yeast. 3. B complex vitamins in the yeast
      fraction insoluble in water].

PMID- 13692458
TI  - [Acroparesthesia].

PMID- 13692459
TI  - [Chromatographic study of bromsulphalein in the course of the clinical test of
      plasmatic clearing of this dye].

PMID- 13692460
TI  - [Apropos of the theory of solubility in the pathogenesis of silicosis].

PMID- 13692461
TI  - A transistorized, self-contained, implantable pacemaker for the long-term
      correction of complete heart block.

PMID- 13692462
TI  - Experimental observations and clinical experiences with the correction of
      complete heart block by an implantable, self-contained pacemaker.

PMID- 13692463
TI  - [Apropos of poisoning by glue thistle extract (Atractylis gummifera, L.). Effects
      of induced hypothermia on the course of this poisoning].

PMID- 13692464
TI  - [Cytopathogenic effects of type 5 adenoviruses. I. Morphological aspects].

PMID- 13692465
TI  - [On the "Estlander-Abbe" operation. Apropos of 13 cancers of the lip].

PMID- 13692466
TI  - [Submaxillary transposition of a pedicled lingual thyroid gland. Functional
      result].

PMID- 13692467
TI  - [Coexistence of a diving goiter and an accessory mediastinal goiter].

PMID- 13692468
TI  - [2 commissural cheiloplasties by means of the Barron method for extensive cancer
      of the lip].

PMID- 13692469
TI  - [Comparative study of operative sequelae after monobloc pharyngolaryngectomy
      preceded or not by radiotherapy].

PMID- 13692470
TI  - [Double cancer of the anus and the rectum 28 years after radiotherapy of an
      epithelioma of the uterine cervix. Total pelvic exenteration].

PMID- 13692471
TI  - A study on the toxicity and the biochemical effects of monofluoromalonate.

PMID- 13692472
TI  - Purpuric chickenpox: report of a case, review of the literature, and
      classification by clinical features.

PMID- 13692473
TI  - New method of tympanoplasty. Preliminary report.

PMID- 13692474
TI  - An electron microscope study of Darier's disease.

PMID- 13692475
TI  - Electron microscope observations on the human wart.

PMID- 13692476
TI  - Electron microscopic observations on pemphigoid.

PMID- 13692477
TI  - Human elastic fibres. Electron microscopic appearances of the elastic fibres of
      human skin in thin section.

PMID- 13692478
TI  - A technique for reconstruction of the fallopian tube: preliminary report.

PMID- 13692479
TI  - Haemangiopericytoma uteri.

PMID- 13692480
TI  - Fetal lung pathology and hydramnios.

PMID- 13692482
TI  - The public health.

PMID- 13692481
TI  - Roger Bacon on the errors of physicians.

PMID- 13692483
TI  - [Tetanus. Clinical study--diagnosis--treatment].

PMID- 13692484
TI  - Field trials with chlorproguanil in the prophylaxis of malaria in Ghana.
AB  - Chlorproguanil is one of the antimalarial drugs developed in recent years which
      have shown promise for field use in malaria eradication campaigns. It has been
      demonstrated to possess properties similar to those of proguanil but with a more
      persistent action. The author reports the results obtained in four field trials
      with this drug in Ghana.Chlorproguanil was shown to have a rapid action on
      asymptomatic parasitaemias of P. falciparum and P. malariae (exclusive of
      crescents) in Ghanaian schoolchildren. In weekly doses of 20 mg it protected a
      group of children from reinfection for four weeks, but thereafter irregular
      dosage was associated with a small number of break-throughs by P. falciparum. By
      the end of six months there was strong evidence of P. falciparum resistance to
      the drug. Evidence was also found in P. falciparum infections of cross-resistance
      between chlorproguanil and pyrimethamine.Unlike pyrimethamine, chlorproguanil was
      not secreted in the maternal milk in sufficient quantity to be of therapeutic
      value to young, wholly breast-fed infants.The author considers that, while this
      drug might serve as an effective weekly prophylactic in households where the
      regimen would be strictly followed, it would not be suitable for long-term
      community use in rural tropical Africa.

PMID- 13692485
TI  - Observations on the haemolytic effect of primaquine in 100 Ghanaian children.

PMID- 13692487
TI  - Nursing education. The way ahead.

PMID- 13692486
TI  - Morale in recovering from Guillain-Barre disease. Account of an ex-patient.

PMID- 13692488
TI  - On continuing growth.

PMID- 13692489
TI  - [Ganglio-pharyngeal tuberculosis associated with multifocal cutaneous
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 13692490
TI  - [Influence of the nutrional state of the pig on its approximate basal
      metabolism].

PMID- 13692491
TI  - [Surgical treatment of peripheral tuberculous adenitis].

PMID- 13692492
TI  - [Gastric hemorrhages and Reilly's syndrome].

PMID- 13692493
TI  - [Palpebral and orbital manifestations of Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis].

PMID- 13692494
TI  - Female urethra used for intercourse.

PMID- 13692495
TI  - Work and health: some thoughts on 'welfare' in England.

PMID- 13692496
TI  - [Research on the benzofuran series. II. Effects of a coronary dilating substance
      (L 2329) on the electrocardiographical signs of myocardial hypoxia].

PMID- 13692497
TI  - [Studies on the coronary vasodilator properties of 2-ethyl-3-(3, 5-diiodo-4
      hydroxybenzoyl)-coumarone].

PMID- 13692498
TI  - A microelectrode for determination of dissolved oxygen in tissue.

PMID- 13692499
TI  - Primaquine-sensitivity of red cells in various races in Southern Africa.

PMID- 13692500
TI  - Association phenomena in the ultracentrifugal behaviour of D-amino acid oxidase.

PMID- 13692501
TI  - Ultracentrifugal studies of rat, rabbit and guinea-pig serum albumins.

PMID- 13692502
TI  - [Role and value of buscopan in immediate and remote postoperative therapy].

PMID- 13692503
TI  - [The common blood protein disorder of the African. Attempted interpretation].

PMID- 13692505
TI  - [Tropical splenomegaly with macroglobulinemia. Possible therapeutic effect of
      heparin in 2 cases].

PMID- 13692504
TI  - [Concerning the relations between the plasmacytes and the globulins of the gamma
      system].

PMID- 13692506
TI  - Primary pulmonary hypertension. Effect of unilateral pulmonary artery occlusion
      and infusion of acetylcholine.

PMID- 13692507
TI  - The spectral dependence of scattering from a spherical alga and its implications
      for the state of organization of the light-accepting pigments.

PMID- 13692508
TI  - Development of a purified poliomyelitis virus vaccine.

PMID- 13692510
TI  - Retroperitoneal fibrosis producing ureteral obstruction.

PMID- 13692509
TI  - The treatment of fractures of the neck of the femur by compression.

PMID- 13692511
TI  - Retroperitoneal fibrosis producing ureteral obstruction.

PMID- 13692512
TI  - [Respiratory forms of Heine-Medin disease. Clinical forms, evolution and
      treatment].

PMID- 13692513
TI  - [Pollen respiratory allergy in the southeast of France].

PMID- 13692514
TI  - [Role of Chenopodiaceae, Amaranthaceae and Artemisia in allergic reactions of the
      autumn season].

PMID- 13692515
TI  - [Detection and treatment of tuberculosis in the psychiatric milieu].

PMID- 13692516
TI  - [Tuberculization of a sequestrated pulmonary area].

PMID- 13692517
TI  - [Development of an unselected group of primary cancers of the bronchi].

PMID- 13692518
TI  - [Occupational asthma caused by oil-yielding seeds].

PMID- 13692519
TI  - [Etiological data concerning chronic bronchitis in adults].

PMID- 13692520
TI  - [Diverticula of the cecum].

PMID- 13692522
TI  - [Experiments in respiratory rehabiliation using low frequency tetanizing currents
      in neuro-infections].

PMID- 13692521
TI  - [Thromboelastography in the control of anticoagulant treatment].

PMID- 13692523
TI  - [Utilization of injectable meprobamate in 45 hospitalized patients in psychiatric
      environment].

PMID- 13692524
TI  - The magnitude of chronic disease in Canada.

PMID- 13692525
TI  - [On a procedure for measuring the radioactivity of water].

PMID- 13692526
TI  - [The resection-angulation technic].

PMID- 13692528
TI  - [Enzymology and medicine].

PMID- 13692527
TI  - [Treatment of cysts and acute or chronic bartholinitis by marsupialization].

PMID- 13692529
TI  - [Disorders of blood calcium and blood magnesium in neuroses of nutritional origin
      in the milk cow].

PMID- 13692530
TI  - [Changes in the internal environment in obstruction of the excretory urinary
      ducts].

PMID- 13692531
TI  - [Solitary renal cysts].

PMID- 13692532
TI  - [Progress of Czechoslovakian endocrinology during 1945-1960].

PMID- 13692533
TI  - [Contribution to the diagnosis of hirsutism in women].

PMID- 13692534
TI  - [Important problems of modern clinical endocrinology].

PMID- 13692535
TI  - [Problems of modern endocrinology].

PMID- 13692536
TI  - [Significance of stress reactions during the course of surgical interventions].

PMID- 13692537
TI  - [Shoulder presentation after the Pestalozza operation. Utero-placental apoplexy.
      Hysterectomy].

PMID- 13692538
TI  - [Diabetes insipidus and pregnancy].

PMID- 13692539
TI  - [Neo-natal thrombopenias].

PMID- 13692540
TI  - [Pseudo-eclamptic syndrome in the 6th month of pregnancy caused by intracranial
      tuberculoma].

PMID- 13692541
TI  - [Adaptation to the dog of accelerated hemosedimentation using inclined tube.
      Normal values in the German shepherd].

PMID- 13692543
TI  - Nursing education, Maine, 1961.

PMID- 13692542
TI  - A challenge to organized medicine.

PMID- 13692544
TI  - Phenogenetic aspects of some hair and pigment mutants.

PMID- 13692545
TI  - Statisticians in state health departments.

PMID- 13692546
TI  - Respiratory water loss via anesthesia systmes: mask breathing.

PMID- 13692547
TI  - Histoplasmosis. A case and a comment on its occurrence in Maryland.

PMID- 13692548
TI  - How to keep personnel relations personal.

PMID- 13692550
TI  - Leadership begins with understanding people.

PMID- 13692549
TI  - How to match employes with their jobs.

PMID- 13692551
TI  - Psychology is nothing if not practical.

PMID- 13692552
TI  - What an administrative housekeeper is and does.

PMID- 13692553
TI  - Cerebral angiography in the diagnosis of suprasellar tumors.

PMID- 13692554
TI  - Influence of chlorothiazide and hydrochlorothiazide on serum pyuvic acid.

PMID- 13692555
TI  - A developmental study of changes in behavior under delayed auditory feedback.

PMID- 13692556
TI  - Low sensation level delayed clicks and keytapping.

PMID- 13692558
TI  - Total air pollution emissions in Los Angeles County.

PMID- 13692557
TI  - Phenazine methosulphate and nicotinamide in the histochemical demonstration of
      dehydrogenases in rat brain.

PMID- 13692559
TI  - [The epidemiological situation in France in 1958].

PMID- 13692560
TI  - [Apropos of various current researches in viral genetics. Ultimate practical
      applications].

PMID- 13692561
TI  - Some therapeutic procedures hazardous to children.

PMID- 13692562
TI  - [Effect on the fetus of some treatments applied to a pregnant woman].

PMID- 13692563
TI  - [Pulmonary arteriovenous aneurysms. (Apropos of 3 recent cases)].

PMID- 13692565
TI  - [Study of the respiratory quotient in the rat during exposure to cold].

PMID- 13692564
TI  - [Ventilation during cold exposure in the rat].

PMID- 13692566
TI  - Stochastic models of the single case as the basis of clinical research design.

PMID- 13692568
TI  - [Apropos of the retirement age in various countries of the world].

PMID- 13692567
TI  - [The obstructive ventilatory syndrome in chronic bronchitis].

PMID- 13692569
TI  - Determination of creatinine by means of automatic chemical analysis.

PMID- 13692570
TI  - [Rickettsial and neorickettsial diseases in Upper Volta. Value of
      microagglutination of rickettsia on slides for use in intertropical zones].

PMID- 13692572
TI  - [Mortality in Western Europe since 1900].

PMID- 13692571
TI  - [2 cases of hereditary elliptocytosis observedin Africans in Upper Volta].

PMID- 13692573
TI  - [Apropos of 44 cases of congenital uterine malformations].

PMID- 13692574
TI  - [The place of purse-string suture of the cervix in the treatment of abortion].

PMID- 13692575
TI  - [Different cellular localization of 2 enzymatic systems producing hydrogen
      sulfide from cysteine in the rat liver].

PMID- 13692577
TI  - [Determination of "sialic acids" by the thiobarbituric acid method and the
      orcinol method. Critical study of the results].

PMID- 13692576
TI  - [Hypochromic anemia, gastric schwannoma, hyper-alpha-l-globulinemia in a case of
      mental degeneration with cyclic manifestations].

PMID- 13692578
TI  - [Several variations of Na and K ions in the blood plasma associated with the
      action of therapeutic drugs. (II)].

PMID- 13692579
TI  - [Study of soluble proteins of the human brain. (IV). Starch electrophoresis and
      immuno-electrophoresis].

PMID- 13692581
TI  - [Dyskinetic facio-bucco-lingual and choreic syndrome with hemiballism of
      chlorpromazine origin].

PMID- 13692582
TI  - [Deficiency of the development of memory functions. Engram insufficiency].

PMID- 13692580
TI  - [Various bone marrow and blood constants in gerontology - Statistical study].

PMID- 13692583
TI  - [A complication of forced retirement: autothanasia. Assistance to elderly
      persons].

PMID- 13692584
TI  - [The Ancien Regime and aid to mental patients].

PMID- 13692585
TI  - [Occupational rehabilitation of hospitalized handicapped patients].

PMID- 13692586
TI  - [Degenerated benign tumor of the stomach invaginated into the duodenum].

PMID- 13692587
TI  - [Cancer of the greater tuberosity undiagnosed after perforation and revealed by
      gastroscopy and controlled biopsy].

PMID- 13692588
TI  - [Acute ulcer of the right colon].

PMID- 13692589
TI  - Cardiovascular effects of local brain stem cooling.

PMID- 13692590
TI  - Rheumatoid pneumoconiosis (Caplan's syndrome). A discussion of the disease and a
      report of a case in a European Witwatersrand gold miner.

PMID- 13692591
TI  - A study of the bronchial mucous glands in white South African gold miners. A
      histological survey.

PMID- 13692592
TI  - A ten year experience with cesarean section in a 50 bed hospital.

PMID- 13692594
TI  - [Rectal tumor of amebic nature].

PMID- 13692593
TI  - [Melena of allergic origin].

PMID- 13692595
TI  - [Calorigenic action of adrenalin and noradrenalin in conditions of maximum
      thermogenesis to cold].

PMID- 13692596
TI  - [Surgical treatment of lung hemorrhage in tuberculosis of the lungs].

PMID- 13692598
TI  - [Problems of staphylococcal infections in children. Clinical. bacteriological and
      surgical aspects].

PMID- 13692597
TI  - Adventitious metals in processed foods.

PMID- 13692599
TI  - [Commercial enterprises related to medicine and their participation in graduate
      medical training].

PMID- 13692600
TI  - Intracellular free amino-acids of certain dermatophytes.

PMID- 13692602
TI  - A brief review of the hematologic literature from India (1959).

PMID- 13692601
TI  - Observations on splenectomy in thalassaemia syndrome.

PMID- 13692603
TI  - Anaemias: their management.

PMID- 13692604
TI  - Newer perspectives in thalassaemia syndrome.

PMID- 13692605
TI  - The effect of distraction on time gap in the estimation of short duration.

PMID- 13692606
TI  - Periodate oxidation of biopolymers.

PMID- 13692607
TI  - An unusual neurological complication of infectious mononucleosis.

PMID- 13692608
TI  - Pigmented papilloma of the limbus undergoing malignant change.

PMID- 13692609
TI  - Tuberculosis in infancy and childhood--human source of infection.

PMID- 13692610
TI  - Biological synthesis of L-ascorbic acid in animal tissues: conversion of D
      glucuronolactone and L-gulonolactone into L-ascorbic acid.

PMID- 13692611
TI  - Aspects of ascorbic acid biosynthesis in animals.

PMID- 13692612
TI  - Serum lipids in malnutrition of children.

PMID- 13692613
TI  - Technique of applying an autogenous vein patch to an arteriotomy.

PMID- 13692614
TI  - Localization of succinic dehydrogenase in the cellular organelles of whole cell
      suspension prepared from solid tissues.

PMID- 13692615
TI  - Intern and residency training in Canada.

PMID- 13692616
TI  - Clinical evaluation of a new imidazoline vasoconstrictor.

PMID- 13692617
TI  - A left-sided approach to the biliary tract.

PMID- 13692618
TI  - A study on coronary vascular system.

PMID- 13692619
TI  - Electron microscope studies on the haemoglobin molecules.
AB  - Haemoglobin molecules isolated from normal human subjects have been directly
      micrographed under the electron microscope following in general Hall's technique.
      The average height (h) and the widths along (w(11)) and perpendicular (w(
      perpendicular)) to the shadow direction of the molecules have been measured as
      56.5 +/- 6.6 A, 122.7 +/- 15 A, and 120.9 +/- 20 A, respectively. The
      exaggeration in the molecular widths due to the deposition of metal cap ranges
      between 60 to 70 A. The probable resolution of the substructure of the molecule,
      e.g., presence of "holes" and dimples, in the present electron microscopic
      evidence has been discussed. The electron microscopic results on the size of the
      individual haemoglobin molecules are in satisfactory agreement with the recent x
      ray diffraction model of Perutz and his associates for horse haemoglobin.

PMID- 13692620
TI  - Adrenals in mainourished and undernourished infants.

PMID- 13692621
TI  - Studies on the effect of vegetable oils on the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in
      rabbits.

PMID- 13692622
TI  - Preliminary report, surgical correction of class III malocclusions.

PMID- 13692623
TI  - [Association of genital tuberculosis with cervical cancer].

PMID- 13692624
TI  - [Effect of hormonal factors on the course of experimental tuberculosis with and
      without pregnancy].

PMID- 13692625
TI  - [Acute infectious hepatitis complicating pregnancy].

PMID- 13692626
TI  - [Incompetence of the uterine cervix as a cause of habitual abortion. Review of
      the literature. Report of cases].

PMID- 13692627
TI  - The effect of chlorthiazide on hypoxanthine dehydrogenase, lactic dehydrogenase,
      and soluble protein of chick embryo kidney.

PMID- 13692628
TI  - [Vibrations of low frequency and the nervous system].

PMID- 13692629
TI  - [Cellular excitability].

PMID- 13692631
TI  - [The physician facing the silent world].

PMID- 13692630
TI  - [Effect of vibrations of low frequency on the nerve centers].

PMID- 13692632
TI  - [Present prospects in industrial medicine].

PMID- 13692633
TI  - [Under-water safety in Morocco].

PMID- 13692634
TI  - Report on treatment of 38 cases.

PMID- 13692635
TI  - Further clinical experience with oral hypoglycaemic agents. (Observations on the
      results).

PMID- 13692636
TI  - Colonic motility. A critical review of methods and results.

PMID- 13692637
TI  - Human colonic motility: a comparative study of normal subjects, patients with
      ulcerative colitis, and patients with the irritable colon syndrome. I. Resting
      patterns of motility.

PMID- 13692638
TI  - Human colonic motility: a comparative study of normal subjects, patients with
      ulcerative colitis, and patients with the irritable colon syndrome. II. The
      effect of prostigmin.

PMID- 13692639
TI  - Human colonic motility: a comparative study of normal subjects, patients with
      ulcerative colitis, and patients with the irritable colon syndrome. III. Effects
      of emotions.

PMID- 13692640
TI  - A clinical and experimental study of mucocele (retention cyst).

PMID- 13692641
TI  - Chondrogenic tumors of the jaws.

PMID- 13692642
TI  - Seminoma metastasizing to the oral cavity: report of case.

PMID- 13692643
TI  - Odontogenesis imperfecta. Report of a case.

PMID- 13692644
TI  - Mental deterioration in epileptic children.

PMID- 13692645
TI  - The development of a preventive approach to mental disorder.

PMID- 13692646
TI  - Ectopia vesica in a female child.

PMID- 13692647
TI  - Hydatid disease with special reference to hydatid cyst of the liver and five case
      reports.

PMID- 13692648
TI  - Tuberculous pericarditis.

PMID- 13692649
TI  - Studies on complement. I. Factors responsible in Richardson's solution for
      preservation of complement.

PMID- 13692651
TI  - The first All-Asian Congress of Pediatrics: presidential address.

PMID- 13692650
TI  - Pattern of amino-acid excretion in urine of dystrophic children.

PMID- 13692652
TI  - Kwashiorkor and marasmus in Calcutta.

PMID- 13692653
TI  - Management of idiopathic ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 13692654
TI  - Amebiasis-an experimental study.

PMID- 13692655
TI  - Role of adrenergic system in thermoglycemic response in baby rabbits.

PMID- 13692656
TI  - Thermoglycaemic response and the adrenergic system in pigeons.

PMID- 13692657
TI  - Study on the red cells sediment after clotting of polycythaemic blood.

PMID- 13692658
TI  - [The ABO groups in hemophilia].

PMID- 13692659
TI  - Preliminary observations on release of oxytocin and vasopressin in human
      subjects.

PMID- 13692660
TI  - Formation and excretion of ADH in Indian subjects.

PMID- 13692661
TI  - Studies on the kinetics of fungicidal action. I. The effect of concentration and
      time on the viability of Penicillium notatum spores in solutions of phenol.

PMID- 13692662
TI  - [Focal epilepsy and cycloserine: an anatomoclinical observation].

PMID- 13692663
TI  - [Anorectitis caused by Candida albicans. (Favorable effects of oral and local
      treatment by nystatin)].

PMID- 13692664
TI  - [The incidence of over-exertion on digestive pathology].

PMID- 13692665
TI  - [Industrial medicine in the German Federal Republic].

PMID- 13692666
TI  - [Fatal work accident in a welder. False electrocution].

PMID- 13692667
TI  - [Fatal poisonings by cyanides in the factory].

PMID- 13692668
TI  - [Chronic poisoning by cyanides and hydrocyanic acid].

PMID- 13692669
TI  - [Determination of the probable date of a conception].

PMID- 13692670
TI  - [Injury and abortion: spontaneous abortion with fatal sequelae, after minor
      physical violence].

PMID- 13692671
TI  - Salivary enzymes.

PMID- 13692672
TI  - [Conjugal infection observed in Paris caused by a patient with undetected
      prelepromatous leprosy].

PMID- 13692673
TI  - [Transformation of 2 cases of indsherminate prelepromatous leprosy into
      tuberculoid leprosy during a reaction state].

PMID- 13692674
TI  - Classification of leprosy.

PMID- 13692676
TI  - [Surgery and chemotherapy of cancers].

PMID- 13692675
TI  - [Apropos of the theory concerning the antagonism between tuberculosis and
      leprosy].

PMID- 13692677
TI  - [Some observations on the neurohypophysial hormones of a teleostfish, the hake
      (Merluccius merluccius L.)].

PMID- 13692678
TI  - [Survivals of more than 5 years in cancer of the bladder treated by total
      cystectomy alone].

PMID- 13692679
TI  - [Partial interventions for renal tuberculosis on the remaining kidney. Apropos of
      2 cases].

PMID- 13692680
TI  - [Multiple calculi in a megaureter discovered at the onset of a cystalgia].

PMID- 13692681
TI  - [Study in ophthalmology of a vasodilator derivative of phenoxy-ethylamine : Caa
      40].

PMID- 13692682
TI  - [The fundamentals of evaluation of the post-concussion syndrome].

PMID- 13692683
TI  - [Retinal cyst with appearance of pigmentary segmental pseudoretinitis].

PMID- 13692684
TI  - [Alternatives in the use of fluorine in the prevention of dental caries].

PMID- 13692686
TI  - Aspects of land use planning.

PMID- 13692685
TI  - [Cerebral centers of pupillary activation].

PMID- 13692687
TI  - Review on epidemiology of peridontal disease.

PMID- 13692688
TI  - Bound lipids, and their significance in cell biology.

PMID- 13692689
TI  - [Experience of an industrial physician charged with supervision of truck and bus
      drivers in an automobile factory].

PMID- 13692690
TI  - Gastric tuberculosis.

PMID- 13692691
TI  - [The concept of mental disease in the work of Harry Stack SULLIVAN].

PMID- 13692692
TI  - [On intravital disintegration of experimental thrombus in the coronary vessels].

PMID- 13692693
TI  - Electron microscopic study of the intestinal mucosa in Whipple's disease.
      Demonstration of encapsulated bacilliform bodies in the lesion.

PMID- 13692694
TI  - Whipple's disease; a review of twelve patients from one service.

PMID- 13692695
TI  - Pancreatic islet tumor with severe diarrhea.

PMID- 13692696
TI  - [Arteries of the muscles of the human hand].

PMID- 13692697
TI  - [Changes of blood serum protein fractions in acute radiation sickness in dogs].

PMID- 13692698
TI  - [On medicinal substances for the prevention and therapy of premature senility].

PMID- 13692699
TI  - [On the effect of pregnancy on the course of various internal diseases].

PMID- 13692700
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of various methods of determination of the function of
      the thyroid gland with the aid of radioactive iodine].

PMID- 13692701
TI  - [The primary delayed suture of nerve under the prophylactic action of penicillin.
      (Experimental study)].

PMID- 13692702
TI  - [On changes of serum proteins in bronchogenic cancer].

PMID- 13692703
TI  - [Comparative characteristics of typological properties of the nervous system and
      general behavior in dogs].

PMID- 13692704
TI  - [Antilipemic activity of bacterial endotoxin complexes].

PMID- 13692705
TI  - [Nutrition and ischemic cardiopathies].

PMID- 13692706
TI  - [Recent contributions on the endotoxic complexes of gram-negative bacteria].

PMID- 13692707
TI  - [Prevention of eye injuries in children].

PMID- 13692708
TI  - [Salycylhydroxamic acid in the treatment of mycosis of the scalp in children].

PMID- 13692709
TI  - [Study of the tolerance of adrenalectomized mice using an endotoxin labeled with
      Cr-51].

PMID- 13692710
TI  - [Effect of reserpine on the resistance of cortisone-treated rats and mice to
      bacterial endotoxins; effect of adrenalectomy and hypophysectomy].

PMID- 13692711
TI  - The effect of minute and increasing doses of aldosterone with saline loading on
      young and older mice. A means of detecting small amounts of aldosterone.

PMID- 13692712
TI  - The investigation of a patient with hyperlipemia, hypokalemia, and tetany.

PMID- 13692713
TI  - Changes in tissue composition of the rat in parathyroid intoxication (as produced
      by large doses of commercial extract), and the effect of magnesium loading.

PMID- 13692714
TI  - Extracellular volume: its structure and measurement and the influence of age and
      disease.

PMID- 13692715
TI  - Possible uses of hypnosis in dermatology.

PMID- 13692716
TI  - The composition of fluids for the care of patients with abnormal electrolyte
      situations.

PMID- 13692717
TI  - Views on the nature of acrodynia.

PMID- 13692718
TI  - Two serologically active trisaccharides isolated from human blood-group A
      substance.

PMID- 13692719
TI  - [Surgical treatment of tuberculoma of the lungs].

PMID- 13692720
TI  - [Study of haptoglobin. III. Chemical composition of the glucide moiety].

PMID- 13692721
TI  - Studies on the inhibition of the mitochondrial ATP-ase by reduction of the
      respiratory chain.

PMID- 13692722
TI  - Favourable results of fluoridation in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan.

PMID- 13692723
TI  - [The indications for surgical treatment of tuberculosis].

PMID- 13692724
TI  - [Pediatric tumors (nephroblastoma)].

PMID- 13692725
TI  - [Pediatric tumors (neuroblastoma)].

PMID- 13692726
TI  - Midesophageal diverticulum. Report of a case with fistulous connection with the
      superior vena cava.

PMID- 13692727
TI  - Fluorocinematographic and manometric studies of esophageal motility in patients
      with achalasia.

PMID- 13692728
TI  - [Intranasal encephalocele simulating a polyp].

PMID- 13692729
TI  - [On the relation between silicosis and tuberculosis].

PMID- 13692730
TI  - Physiological control of nicotinic acid biosynthesis in Aerobacter aerogenes.

PMID- 13692731
TI  - [Behavior of the complement activity of the serum in lipoid nephrosis of
      childhood, in relation to spaced corticosteroid treatment].

PMID- 13692732
TI  - [On the significance of variations of seric complement in the diagnosis and
      prognosis of nephropathies (with special reference to nephrosis and to its
      corticosteroid treatment)].

PMID- 13692733
TI  - [The treatment and prevention of rheumatic fever in the case histories of the
      Clinica and the Sezione Pediatrica of the Centro Cardio-Reumatologico di Modena].

PMID- 13692734
TI  - [Observations on anabolic therapy with methandrostenolone in pediatrics].

PMID- 13692735
TI  - [A new sound for intestinal biopsy: technic and first results].

PMID- 13692736
TI  - [Chronic gastro-duodeno-biliary phlogosis and high dyspepsia].

PMID- 13692737
TI  - A new biopsy-tube for the small intestine.

PMID- 13692738
TI  - [Data derived from tubebiosy on the histology of the duodenum and the problem of
      duodenitis].

PMID- 13692739
TI  - [Findings from duodenal biopsy during hepatobiliary diseases].

PMID- 13692740
TI  - Biopsical, secretory and radiological findings of the stomach in mental patients
      with vegetative symptoms.

PMID- 13692741
TI  - Herpes zoster generalisatus.

PMID- 13692743
TI  - [3 cases of cleidocranial dysostosis in the French Army].

PMID- 13692742
TI  - [Preliminary observations on the treatment of coronary insufficiency with 2'-(2
      diethylaminoethoxy)-3-phenylpropiophenone hydrochloride (LG--11457)].

PMID- 13692744
TI  - [Comparative studies with various antirheumatic combinations on the light sense
      apparatus and acoustic organ of man].

PMID- 13692745
TI  - [Comparative pharmacological study of substituted 4-hydroxy-2-pyrones and
      tetronic acids].

PMID- 13692746
TI  - [Determination of motility in the stress situation].

PMID- 13692747
TI  - [Pharmacological studies on the effect of aminopyrine-butenolide
      dihydroxypropyltheophylline solutions].

PMID- 13692748
TI  - [Cytotoxic studies on the problem of the antagonism of morphine and antimorphines
      in tissue culture].

PMID- 13692749
TI  - [Studies with various aminopyrine solutions on fibroblast cultures].

PMID- 13692750
TI  - [Modification of the static excitability and refractory time of warm-blooded
      hearts, by various types of honey].

PMID- 13692751
TI  - [On the registration of impulses in the pharmacological laboratory].

PMID- 13692752
TI  - [Comparative experimental studies on the problem of the tolerance of various
      combinations of aminopyrine solutions].

PMID- 13692753
TI  - A case of cantharidin poisoning.

PMID- 13692754
TI  - A case of hyperparathyroidism with thyrotoxicosis.

PMID- 13692755
TI  - Gas chromatography of some steroid hormones and metabolites.

PMID- 13692756
TI  - Histochemical study on riboflavin.

PMID- 13692757
TI  - Absorption of riboflavin in the isolated intestine of rats.

PMID- 13692758
TI  - A case of tuberous sclerosis with various manifestations; a review with one case
      report.

PMID- 13692759
TI  - Family structure in relation to health and disease. A review of the literature.

PMID- 13692760
TI  - Anticonvulsant properties of 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl) piperidine-HC1 and certain
      other drugs.

PMID- 13692761
TI  - The anti-reserpine effects of certain centrally-acting agents.

PMID- 13692762
TI  - Hepatitis and cirrhosis in infancy.

PMID- 13692764
TI  - Complete severance of the pancreas by non-penetrating abdominal injury. A case
      report.

PMID- 13692765
TI  - Fractures of the tibial plateaus.

PMID- 13692763
TI  - A case report on congenital diaphragmatic hernia with incarcerated transverse
      colon.

PMID- 13692766
TI  - Facial presentation and pelvic type; an analysis of twenty-one cases.

PMID- 13692767
TI  - Entero-urinary fistulas.

PMID- 13692768
TI  - Changes in DNA and RNA during embryonic development of the merogonic combination
      Triton palmatus (female) x Triton cristatus (male).

PMID- 13692769
TI  - Changes in DNA and RNA during embryonic urodele development.

PMID- 13692770
TI  - Ascorbic acid in the biosynthesis and maintenance of collagen.

PMID- 13692771
TI  - Paper partition chromatographic study of urinary amino acids in normal and
      patients with liver diseases. (Preliminary report).

PMID- 13692772
TI  - Experimental comparison of the immunogenicity of antigens in the residue of
      ultrasonated avirulent Pasteurella pestis with a vaccine prepared with killed
      virulent whole organisms.

PMID- 13692773
TI  - Industrial medical grading and the working capacity of women with neoplasms of
      the genital tract.

PMID- 13692774
TI  - [Medical-industrial expert testimony and working capacity in tumors of the female
      genitalia].

PMID- 13692775
TI  - [Work capacity and organization of women after treatment of cancer of the cervix
      uteri].

PMID- 13692777
TI  - Discoid lateral meniscus of the knee joint.

PMID- 13692776
TI  - Medicine and public health in China today.

PMID- 13692778
TI  - [A new clamp for vascular anastomosis].

PMID- 13692779
TI  - [On relation of the nervous system to infections and immunity. 4. Communication.
      Effect of various functional conditions of the cerebral cortex on the
      immunogenesis in sheep].

PMID- 13692780
TI  - [The transfer of large molecules from the blood into the bile and hepatic lymph
      in the guinea-pig. Study on polyvinylpyrrolidone-I-131].

PMID- 13692781
TI  - [The transfer of Na24 and K42 from the blood into the bile in the guinea pig
      during stop flow choleresis ("stop flow analysis")].

PMID- 13692782
TI  - [Blocked-output choleresis. New technic of physiological investigation.
      Preliminary report: the elimination of BSP].

PMID- 13692783
TI  - [The mechanisms of portal hypertension in the course of nodular cirrhosis].

PMID- 13692784
TI  - [The gastrophrenic interval (based on standard radiological study)].

PMID- 13692785
TI  - [Aortic isthmic stenosis (coarctation)].

PMID- 13692786
TI  - [Bilateral lung resection in tuberculosis without thoracoplasty].

PMID- 13692788
TI  - [The treatment of pyothorax in tuberculous patients].

PMID- 13692787
TI  - [The lung destroyed by generalized bronchiectasis with retractile sclerosis].

PMID- 13692789
TI  - [Pleuro-pneumopathy with positive ricksettial serology].

PMID- 13692790
TI  - Preparation for child-birth--pros and cons.

PMID- 13692791
TI  - Long-term anticoagulant therapy in patients with myocardial infarction.

PMID- 13692792
TI  - Localization of antigens by autoradiography.

PMID- 13692793
TI  - Studies in metabolic spectra. VI. An evaluation of the synergistic action between
      PA 114 A and B in vitro.

PMID- 13692794
TI  - Purification, size, and morphology of a mosquitoborne animal virus, Semliki
      Forest virus.

PMID- 13692795
TI  - Some physical properties of hemagglutinating and complement-fixing particles of
      Semliki Forest virus.

PMID- 13692796
TI  - A sensitive assay method for ADP and the determination of ATP, ADP and CrP in
      single nerve trunks.

PMID- 13692797
TI  - Metabolism of frog nerve during activity and recovery.

PMID- 13692798
TI  - Celiac syndromes.

PMID- 13692799
TI  - Description, life history, and developmental pattern of Glypthelmins
      pennsylvaniensis n. sp. (Trematoda: Brachycoeliidae), new parasite of frogs.

PMID- 13692800
TI  - Intracardiac amputation of a plastic catheter during left heart catheterization.

PMID- 13692801
TI  - [A pupillometer].

PMID- 13692802
TI  - [Ministerial circular of 7th April 1961 on the remuneration of hospital
      physicians].

PMID- 13692803
TI  - [Behavior of embryonal muscular tissue and tissue of muscular tumors in
      transplantation in the minced state to the site of removed muscles in adult
      rats].

PMID- 13692804
TI  - [Remote results of treatment of patients with tuberculosis of the eye and its
      recurrences].

PMID- 13692805
TI  - Mechanism of growth inhibition of H.Ep. 1 cells by 5-fluorodeoxycytidine and 5
      fluorodeoxyuridine.

PMID- 13692806
TI  - [On the problem of expediency of endotracheal anesthesia in surgery of the
      thyroid gland].

PMID- 13692807
TI  - [Selection of an anesthetic technic in surgery of the thyroid gland].

PMID- 13692808
TI  - [Basic problems of tissue and organ transplantation].

PMID- 13692809
TI  - [Note on the use in dermatology of an industrial preparation of "micronized"
      sulfur intended for the treatment of plants].

PMID- 13692810
TI  - Blood sugar levels during the dental experience. II. Effect of sedation on blood
      sugar in the waiting room.

PMID- 13692811
TI  - [Micromethods for the determination of the sequence of peptides, based on Edman's
      method using phenyl isothiocyanate].

PMID- 13692812
TI  - [Brucella infection in far northern regions. III. Clinical manifestations of
      "reindeer" brucellosis in man].

PMID- 13692813
TI  - [Brucellosis in arctic regions. I. On brucellosis in reindeers].

PMID- 13692814
TI  - [Brucellosis in far northern regions. II. On epidemiological characteristics of a
      focus of brucellosis in reindeers].

PMID- 13692815
TI  - [On the reaction of the irradiated organism to various functional strains].

PMID- 13692817
TI  - [Cauterization of pleural adhesions in non-effective artificial pneumothorax in
      sanatorium conditions].

PMID- 13692816
TI  - [On the preparation of patients for the resection of pleural adhesions in
      sanatorial conditions].

PMID- 13692818
TI  - [Therapy with novocaine-penicillin blockade in acute mastoiditis with
      subperiosteal abscess].

PMID- 13692819
TI  - [On the problem of paroxysmal hemoglobinuria].

PMID- 13692820
TI  - [On the effect of penicillin on the secretory and motor activity of the
      intestine].

PMID- 13692822
TI  - [On treatment of cicatrical contractures after burns in children].

PMID- 13692821
TI  - [Dynamics of conditioned reflex disorders in dogs after direct irritation and
      destruction of the hypothalamic region].

PMID- 13692823
TI  - [On the use of strophanthin and digitalis in auriculo-ventricular and
      intraventricular conduction disorders].

PMID- 13692824
TI  - [Electrical activity and reaction of the cerebral cortex in patients with
      neurasthenia].

PMID- 13692825
TI  - [Apropos of nonspecific follicular ileitis].

PMID- 13692826
TI  - [Teleradiodiagnosis in digestive pathology].

PMID- 13692827
TI  - [Lymphosarcomas of the small intestine].

PMID- 13692828
TI  - [50 Years of radiodiagnosis].

PMID- 13692830
TI  - New burdens for teaching institutions and the doctor shortage.

PMID- 13692831
TI  - [On the problem of seasonal factors in measles].

PMID- 13692829
TI  - [The iconography center and the library].

PMID- 13692832
TI  - [Use of plastmass water tubing].

PMID- 13692834
TI  - [Sanitary protection of reservoirs in connection with development of the chemical
      industry].

PMID- 13692833
TI  - [International standard for the quality of drinking water].

PMID- 13692835
TI  - [Age-connected variations of the heart rate in monkeys in normal conditions and
      in bradycardia with sinus arrhythmia consecutive to experimental neurosis].

PMID- 13692836
TI  - [The Schick reaction and the state of antitoxin in children with a history of
      measles, vaccinated against diphtheria].

PMID- 13692837
TI  - [Experience in the work of a regional hospital on correspondence educational
      training for medical personnel].

PMID- 13692838
TI  - [Organization of work for reduction of abortions].

PMID- 13692839
TI  - Some aspects of respiratory physiology during forward acceleration.

PMID- 13692840
TI  - The efficiency of the respiratory muscles in obesity.

PMID- 13692841
TI  - [On malaria eradication in the Smolensk Region].

PMID- 13692842
TI  - [Features of carbohydrate-phosphorus metabolism of stored thrombocytes].

PMID- 13692843
TI  - [Chemical composition and metabolism of blood platelets].

PMID- 13692844
TI  - [Energy metabolism of the leukocytes].

PMID- 13692845
TI  - [An analysis of the results of the use of intubation anesthesia with relaxants].

PMID- 13692846
TI  - [An analysis of the treatment of fractures of the malleolus according to data of
      the Department of Traumatology of the First Arkhangelsk Hospital].

PMID- 13692847
TI  - [Data on the problem of the histotopography of ascorbic acid in various organs of
      the human embryo].

PMID- 13692848
TI  - [On the assimilation of certain food products after gastrectomy].

PMID- 13692849
TI  - [On diagnostic errors in laryngeal diphtheria in children].

PMID- 13692850
TI  - In-vitro evaluation of effect of enzymes on tracheobronchial secretions from
      patients withcystic fibrosis.

PMID- 13692851
TI  - [Experience in the study of the role of interoceptive signalization in the
      feeding behavior of animals].

PMID- 13692852
TI  - Two-dimensional tracking with identical and different control dynamics in each
      coordinate.

PMID- 13692853
TI  - Daubaylia potomaca, a nematode parasite of Helisoma trivolvis, transmissible to
      Australorbis glabratus.

PMID- 13692854
TI  - Infection of Australorbis glabratus with Schistosoma mansoni under
      bacteriologically sterile conditions.

PMID- 13692855
TI  - [Current problems in the training of anesthesiologists].

PMID- 13692856
TI  - [Data on continuous drip phlebotonometry in various types of anesthesia].

PMID- 13692857
TI  - [On the evaluation of certain hemodynamic changes under the influence of various
      forms of anesthesia in oncological surgery].

PMID- 13692858
TI  - [Load distribution on the foot in standing and walking positions.
      (Electrodynamographic studies)].

PMID- 13692859
TI  - [Weight-bearing on the heads of the metatarsal bones according to
      electrodynamographical data].

PMID- 13692860
TI  - [The functional state of the adrenal cortex in patients with exudative pleurisy
      of tuberculous etiology].

PMID- 13692861
TI  - [Studies on an improved method for the detection of Azotobacter in soil].

PMID- 13692862
TI  - The amino acid composition of hemoglobin. II. Analytical technics.

PMID- 13692863
TI  - Some genetic considerations of the abnormal hemoglobins in the light of their
      amino acid structure.

PMID- 13692864
TI  - [Treatment of angina pectoris with methylthiouracil].

PMID- 13692865
TI  - [On the effect of reserpine on hypertension of the pulmonary artery].

PMID- 13692866
TI  - [Properdin system and its role in infection and immunity. III. A modified
      serological method for properdin titration].

PMID- 13692867
TI  - [Properdin and normal antibodies (review of the literature)].

PMID- 13692868
TI  - [Effect of streptomycin on carriage of antero-pathogenic coli bacilli resistant
      to this antibiotic].

PMID- 13692869
TI  - [Comparative studies on the effect of certain antimicrobial preparations on
      pathogenic bacteria].

PMID- 13692870
TI  - [Antibiotic-resistant coli bacteria in the prevention of intestinal
      dysbacteriosis].

PMID- 13692872
TI  - [Certain data on changes of the proteinogram of the blood serum in acute
      infections in children].

PMID- 13692871
TI  - [Antimicrobial activity of nitrofuran preparations: furazolidone, furadonin and
      furacillin].

PMID- 13692873
TI  - [Effect of ultraviolet rays on the extraction of chlorophyll from leaves by means
      of petroleum ether].

PMID- 13692874
TI  - Necrobiosis lipoidica in a three-year-old girl.

PMID- 13692875
TI  - Current concepts of necrobiosis lipoidica.

PMID- 13692876
TI  - Dental conditions of diagnostic aid in mucocutaneous medicine.

PMID- 13692877
TI  - [Leptospirosis sorex].

PMID- 13692878
TI  - [Study of the role of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) in the pathogenesis of
      acute radiation sickness. 2. Change in the content of serotonin in the intestine
      and brain of guinea pigs and rats in acute radiation sickness].

PMID- 13692879
TI  - [Serotonin].

PMID- 13692880
TI  - [Electrocardiography as a clinical index of the course of rheumatism in
      children].

PMID- 13692881
TI  - [Data on the superinfection in dysentery in young children. I. On the frequency
      of changes of the pathogen in dysentery in children].

PMID- 13692882
TI  - [On a possibility for the utilization of the hemagglutination reaction in the
      diagnosis of coli-enteritis in children].

PMID- 13692883
TI  - [Repercussions of "change" in the pathogen of dysentery on the clinical course of
      the process].

PMID- 13692884
TI  - [The achievements and prospects of Soviet chemotherapy].

PMID- 13692885
TI  - [Cycloserine and its properties as an antitubercular agent].

PMID- 13692886
TI  - [On the problem of the effect of the parasympathetic denervation on protein
      metabolism in the submaxillary glands in cats].

PMID- 13692887
TI  - [On the problem of the innervation of the posterior arcus palatini in man and in
      certain animals].

PMID- 13692888
TI  - Colloid osmotic pressure and hydrostatic pressure relationships in the formation
      of ascites in hepatic cirrhosis.

PMID- 13692889
TI  - The influence of focal size on local radiocurability of tumors of the uterine
      cervix.

PMID- 13692890
TI  - The effect of endocrine changes, of irradiation and of additional treatment of
      the skin on the induction of tumours in the female genital tract of rats by
      chemical carcinogens.

PMID- 13692891
TI  - The treatment of onchocerciasis.

PMID- 13692892
TI  - Traumatic hernia of the diaphragm and spontaneous perforation of the esophagus.

PMID- 13692893
TI  - Study of plasma copper levels in patients with acute leukemia.

PMID- 13692894
TI  - Hypofibrino-genemia associated with placenta previa and placenta previa accreta.

PMID- 13692895
TI  - The use and limitations of the fluorescent antibody technic in the identification
      of bacteria in body fluids and exudates, and from cultures.

PMID- 13692896
TI  - [Departments of kinesiology in the hospital organization].

PMID- 13692897
TI  - [The activity of the properdin system in chronic irradiation].

PMID- 13692898
TI  - [On the mechanism of lowering the properdin level in the blood in acute radiation
      sickness].

PMID- 13692899
TI  - [A study of the effect of metazid in experimental conditions in tuberculosis].

PMID- 13692900
TI  - [Psychosomatic aspects of vomiting in pregnancy].

PMID- 13692901
TI  - On the discovery of the cathartic method.

PMID- 13692902
TI  - Relaxation and psychosomatic methods of preparation for childbirth.

PMID- 13692903
TI  - Communication media employed in health physics at the Knolls Atomic Power
      Laboratory.

PMID- 13692904
TI  - [Ciliated cells of the trachea. Phase-contrast cytological observations].

PMID- 13692905
TI  - [Observations on the sanguiferous capillaries by phase contrast].

PMID- 13692906
TI  - [Change in the phonocardiogram of the fetus in asphyxia developing during labor].

PMID- 13692908
TI  - [On congenital harelip].

PMID- 13692907
TI  - [On the prevention and therapy of asphyxia of the fetus and newborn].

PMID- 13692909
TI  - [The use of corticotropin (ACTH) and corticosteroids in ophthalmology].

PMID- 13692910
TI  - [The use of corticotropin (ACTH) and corticosteroids in ophthalmology].

PMID- 13692911
TI  - [Interrelation of specific antibodies with ornithosis virus in the body of the
      monkey].

PMID- 13692912
TI  - [On the structural and functional changes in the heart caused by section of the
      vagus nerves].

PMID- 13692913
TI  - [Vaquez's disease in a 7-year-old child].

PMID- 13692914
TI  - Columnar cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland.

PMID- 13692915
TI  - Fibrosarcoma of the thyroid gland.

PMID- 13692916
TI  - Solid large-cell carcinoma of the thyroid.

PMID- 13692917
TI  - A study of attitudes and knowledge concerning obesity in an urban African
      community.

PMID- 13692918
TI  - The use of contraceptive diaphragms: a follow-up study of a group of women.

PMID- 13692919
TI  - Progressive resistance to intravenous tolbutamide in pregnancy.

PMID- 13692920
TI  - An anniversary tribute to the memory of the late William Henry HOWELL: early
      years.

PMID- 13692921
TI  - Maurice Charles PINCOFFS, 1886-1960.

PMID- 13692922
TI  - Responsibility.

PMID- 13692923
TI  - [Research on phonatory and articulatory activity during internal verbal
      formulation].

PMID- 13692924
TI  - Traumatic rupture of the spleen: case reviews.

PMID- 13692925
TI  - A new antiapathy agent for geriatric patients.

PMID- 13692926
TI  - [Sodium hexacyclonate as coadjuvant in the treatment and rehabilitation of the
      chronic alcoholic].

PMID- 13692927
TI  - Implications of a longitudinal study of child development for child psychiatry.

PMID- 13692928
TI  - The alcoholic-narcotic addict.

PMID- 13692929
TI  - Differential diagnosis of abdominal pain: neuropsychiatric aspects.

PMID- 13692930
TI  - The "pharmacogenic orgasm" in the drug addict.

PMID- 13692931
TI  - Virus resistance and sensitivity in cultured human synovial cells as a possible
      genetic marker.

PMID- 13692933
TI  - Outbreak of waterborne disease in a city school.

PMID- 13692934
TI  - Preanesthetic evaluation and preparation of the patient with peripheral edema.

PMID- 13692932
TI  - Photodynamic inactivation of infectious nucleic acid.
AB  - Tobacco mosaic virus-infectious nucleic acid causes a color shift when combined
      with acridine orange, methylene blue, and safranine. A high concentration of
      acridine orange inactivates infectious nucleic acid even in darkness, while a
      mixture of nucleic acid with a low concentration of the dye must be exposed to
      visible light prior to inoculation for inactivation to occur.

PMID- 13692935
TI  - Cost accounting for hospitals. Some lessons from the British experiment.

PMID- 13692936
TI  - Differential thermograms of polysaccharides.

PMID- 13692937
TI  - [On the problem of so-called self-recovery of bone cysts resulting from
      pathological fractures].

PMID- 13692938
TI  - The effects of alcohol in traumatic deaths.

PMID- 13692940
TI  - [Respiration and phosphorylation of the sympathetic ganglia of the cat under the
      effect of barbamil].

PMID- 13692939
TI  - [Effect of papaverine on some processes of carbohydrate-phosphorus metabolism in
      the myocardial tissue].

PMID- 13692942
TI  - [Childbirth without pain].

PMID- 13692941
TI  - [Sealing substances in micro-trauma].

PMID- 13692943
TI  - [What is the value of the new treatments of angina pectoris?].

PMID- 13692944
TI  - Problems in functional evaluation of cardiacs.

PMID- 13692945
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of genital tuberculosis in women].

PMID- 13692946
TI  - [Anesthesia for harelip and cleft palate in the infant and young child].

PMID- 13692947
TI  - [Cellular origin of synthesized hepatic cholesterol].

PMID- 13692948
TI  - [On the transfer rates of cholesterol in the rat. Research on a slow component].

PMID- 13692949
TI  - [Study of the origin of fecal sterols in the rat by means of radioactive
      indicators. 2. Determination of the quantities of sterols excreted and secreted,
      and of the fraction of cholesterol renewed by transfer in the walls of the
      digestive tract].

PMID- 13692950
TI  - [Study of the origin of fecal sterols in the rat by means of radioactive
      indicators. 3. Influence of the level of dietary cholesterol on the quantities of
      cholesterol excreted via the bile and via the intestinal wall].

PMID- 13692951
TI  - [Pseudo-leukotic acute tuberculosis].

PMID- 13692952
TI  - [Acute dysarchic leukosis. (Acute adenopathic leukosis with severe medullo
      sanguine myelocytosis and malignant lympho-eosinophilo-histiocytic appearance of
      the lymph nodes and the spleen)].

PMID- 13692953
TI  - [Gastroscopy in blood diseases].

PMID- 13692954
TI  - [Benign primary inflammatory purpura].

PMID- 13692956
TI  - [Experimental research on the condition of the organs after splenectomy].

PMID- 13692955
TI  - [Chlorotic metanemias (anhemato-sideropenia)].

PMID- 13692957
TI  - [On a so-called reticuloendothelial system].

PMID- 13692958
TI  - [Shocks that destroy blood cells, particularly leukocytic shock].

PMID- 13692959
TI  - [The adenopathy of muscular work].

PMID- 13692960
TI  - [Fibrillar structures of the ear ossicles].

PMID- 13692962
TI  - [Local nasosinusal therapeutics. A trials of standardization of its methods by
      experimental and clinical studies].

PMID- 13692961
TI  - Immuno-electrophoretic study of the human perilymph.

PMID- 13692963
TI  - [Splenic infarct and infectious mononucleosis].

PMID- 13692964
TI  - [A second infectant cytoplasmic factor in Pestalozzia annulata].

PMID- 13692965
TI  - [Anti-influenza vaccination].

PMID- 13692966
TI  - [Antiinfluenzal vaccination].

PMID- 13692967
TI  - Klebsiella pneumonia (Friedlander's pneumonia). Report of 2 cases.

PMID- 13692968
TI  - [Variations of neuroglic density in the course of the process of myelinization].

PMID- 13692969
TI  - [Diagnosis of kala-azar in its early stages. (Apropos of a case)].

PMID- 13692970
TI  - [Apropos of a voluminous intracerebral tumor in a child].

PMID- 13692971
TI  - [Cytochemical and histoautoradiographic contribution to the study of the
      metabolism and synthesis of desoxyribonucleic acids in animal cells cultured in
      vitro. II. Study of desoxyribonucleic acids in living animal cells subjected to
      the action of neutral or acid desoxyribonucleases. Cytoplasmic synthesis and
      accumulation of DNA].

PMID- 13692972
TI  - [Cytochemical and histoautoradiographic contribution to the study of the
      metabolism and synthesis of desoxyribonucleic acids in animal cells cultured in
      vitro. I. Cytophotometric and histoautoradiographic studies on desoxyribonucleic
      acids in myleran-treated fibroblasts].

PMID- 13692973
TI  - [Histoautoradiographic study of the incorporation of tritiated thymidine into
      cells treated by trihydroxy-N-methylindole. Cytoplasmic synthesis of
      desoxyribonucleic acid].

PMID- 13692974
TI  - [Preparation for mitosis. Some means of its inhibition by antimitotic
      substances].

PMID- 13692975
TI  - [The mechanism of antimitotic action].

PMID- 13692976
TI  - A haemorrhagic fever in Singapore.

PMID- 13692977
TI  - Evaporative water loss of small vertebrates, as measured with an infrared
      analyzer.
AB  - Evaporation is linearly and inversely related to absolute humidity at 26 degrees
      to 27 degrees C. The relative rate of loss in desert reptiles, rodents, and
      anurans is about 1:10:40. The maximum rate of water loss is about 2.5 and 5 times
      the basal rate, respectively, in pocket mice and sand lizards. The ratio of loss
      from lung to loss from skin is about 84:16 in kangaroo rats and 70:30 in
      rattlesnakes.

PMID- 13692978
TI  - Water metabolism of desert-inhabiting vertebrates.

PMID- 13692979
TI  - [Principles of the study of the toxicity of a new drug].

PMID- 13692980
TI  - [Present status of the problem of curarizing substances and substances which
      modify curarization].

PMID- 13692982
TI  - [Curarizing and spasmolytic activities of a series of aminoesters of mono- and
      disubstituted carbamic acids].

PMID- 13692981
TI  - [Standardization of d-tubocurarine solutions. Statistical study].

PMID- 13692983
TI  - [Progressive replacement of the methyl radicals of carbamoylcholine by ethyl
      radicals. Pharmacological results].

PMID- 13692984
TI  - [On some 3-dialkylaminomethyl-3-aryloxymethyloxetanes].

PMID- 13692985
TI  - [Study of the assay of pituitary adrenocorticotropic preparations (ACTH) with
      prolonged action].

PMID- 13692986
TI  - [The new regulation of experimentation and conditions for psychopharmacological
      tests].

PMID- 13692987
TI  - Observations on the flame spectrophotometer.

PMID- 13692988
TI  - [Radiological study of urinary bilharziosis].

PMID- 13692990
TI  - An unusual case of duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 13692989
TI  - Electroencephalographic activity under hypnotism.

PMID- 13692991
TI  - [Acute leukemia of childhood with aplastic onset].

PMID- 13692992
TI  - The regeneration of smooth muscle during healing of urodele gut wounds.

PMID- 13692993
TI  - [On 2 new remedies of recent discovery in the treatment of juvenile acne].

PMID- 13692994
TI  - Studies on the determination of bile pigments. II. Spectrophotometric
      determination of bilirubin and hemoglobin in serum.

PMID- 13692995
TI  - [On variations of the level of hematic seromucoids in tumors and in other
      diseases of surgical interest. (Presentation of a new titration technic)].

PMID- 13692996
TI  - [On the pathogenesis of some common and uncommon clinical syndromes].

PMID- 13692997
TI  - [Study of the hepatic circulation in the normal subject and in the cirrhotic
      subject by means of colloidal serum albumin labeled with I-131].

PMID- 13692998
TI  - A new pathway of pentose metabolism.

PMID- 13692999
TI  - L-Arabinose metabolism by cell-free extracts of Penicillium chrysogenum.

PMID- 13693000
TI  - Metabolism of d-xylose by moulds.

PMID- 13693001
TI  - [On the excretion of 17-ketosteroids in tuberculosis in children].

PMID- 13693002
TI  - A stochastic study of the life table and its applications. II. Sample variance of
      the observed expectation of life and other biometric functions.

PMID- 13693003
TI  - Surgically correctable azoospermia.

PMID- 13693004
TI  - [Action of a heparinoid extract on the biohumoral picture (cholesterol and
      lipoproteins) of prostatic patients].

PMID- 13693005
TI  - [Effects of anti-atherogenic drugs on blood cholesterol and lipoproteins in
      prostatic patients].

PMID- 13693006
TI  - [Observations on lipid metabolism in subjects with prostatic hypertrophy].

PMID- 13693007
TI  - [Isolated fractures of the greater tuberosity of the humerus. Statistical and
      clinical considerations].

PMID- 13693008
TI  - [Extrauterine pregnancy at term].

PMID- 13693009
TI  - [Osteo-locomotor apparatus].

PMID- 13693010
TI  - [Osteoid osteoma. Contribution to its diagnosis].

PMID- 13693011
TI  - [Considerations on a case of non-functioning carcinoma of the adrenal cortex].

PMID- 13693012
TI  - [Controlled hypotension with short-acting ganglioplegic in anesthesia for surgery
      of lumbar diskal hernia].

PMID- 13693013
TI  - [Our experience in treatment of tibiotarsal fractures].

PMID- 13693014
TI  - [Impressions on obstetrics and gynecology in England].

PMID- 13693015
TI  - [Sterility and endocrine diseases. 1. Acromegaly and pregnancy].

PMID- 13693016
TI  - [Sterility and endocrine diseases. 2. Stein-Le-venthal syndrome and pregnancy].

PMID- 13693017
TI  - [The progress of obstetrics and gynecology in the 2-year period of 1958-60].

PMID- 13693018
TI  - [Polyploid cells in the human endometruim. 2. Karyological observations].

PMID- 13693019
TI  - [Alcoholism and toxicomania].

PMID- 13693020
TI  - [Atresia of the esophagus. Presentation of 2 clinical cases].

PMID- 13693021
TI  - [Preliminary observations on the use of a new sulfonamide in low dosage (FI-5978)
      in dermo-venereology].

PMID- 13693022
TI  - [Pathologcal anatomy of diseases of the reticular system].

PMID- 13693023
TI  - [The pathological-anatomical bases of the urological complications in malignant
      tumors of the true pelvis].

PMID- 13693024
TI  - [Contribution on the clinical picture and therapy of hiatal hernia].

PMID- 13693025
TI  - [On an unusual tumor of the neck (papillary cystadenoma)].

PMID- 13693026
TI  - [Histological observations on the composition of the myelin fibers in the carotid
      sinus nerve and the aortic nerve in the cat].

PMID- 13693027
TI  - [Coenzyme "A" in the erythrocytes of normal subjects and liver patients].

PMID- 13693028
TI  - [Diminution of the hepatic content of coenzyme A in cholesterol-induced
      steatosis].

PMID- 13693029
TI  - [On the chemical composition of fibrinogen and fibrin. I. Presence of heptoses in
      human fibrin].

PMID- 13693030
TI  - [Malignant tumors of the thyroid: roentgen diagnosis and radiotherapy].

PMID- 13693031
TI  - [Some unusual aspects of thyroid neoplasms].

PMID- 13693032
TI  - [Lorenzo CAPPELLI, on the dicennial of his death].

PMID- 13693033
TI  - The Turin Academy of Medicine.

PMID- 13693034
TI  - [The Accademia di Medicina di Torino].

PMID- 13693035
TI  - [The first 7 years of activity of the Centro Santa Corona in Pietra Ligure for
      the cure of urogenital tuberculosis].

PMID- 13693036
TI  - [Therapeutic uses of pyrrolidinomethyltetracycline].

PMID- 13693037
TI  - Electrophoretic and sedimentation studies on chloroplast proteins solubilized
      with surface-active agents.

PMID- 13693038
TI  - The relation of alanine and vitamin B6 to growth of lactic acid bacteria.

PMID- 13693039
TI  - [A case of Fournier's disease].

PMID- 13693040
TI  - [Angina pectoris and mitral stenosis].

PMID- 13693041
TI  - [Pain in mitral patients].

PMID- 13693042
TI  - [The data of the radiological examination in mitral stenosis].

PMID- 13693043
TI  - [Observations on the surgical treatment of acute suppurative cholecystitis.
      (Considerations on 74 cases)].

PMID- 13693044
TI  - Electrical properties of glycerinated crayfish muscle fiber.

PMID- 13693045
TI  - [Visual hallucinations of drug origin (aminophylline and ephedrine)].

PMID- 13693047
TI  - [North American blastomycosis].

PMID- 13693046
TI  - A simple fluorescent method for the detection of superficial fungi in skin and
      hair. A combined stain with acridine orange and potassium hydroxide.

PMID- 13693048
TI  - Acridine orange fluorescent stain for fungi.

PMID- 13693049
TI  - [Intoxication caused by derivatives of phenothiazine. Review and report on 25
      cases].

PMID- 13693050
TI  - [The calculation of the maintenance need for water in children].

PMID- 13693052
TI  - [The medicinal treatment of childhood neuroses].

PMID- 13693051
TI  - [Controlled trial of 3 types of oral treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis
      conducted at Morocco in Tangiers. (I.N.H. and Ethionamide, I.N.H. and P.A.S.,
      I.N.H. only). Preliminary results after 1 year of observation].

PMID- 13693053
TI  - Identification of oestradiol-17 beta, testosterone and its precursors from
      Scylliorhinus stellaris testes.

PMID- 13693054
TI  - [The metabolism of testosterone in ammocetes and adults of Lampetra planeri.
      Research in vitro and in vivo].

PMID- 13693055
TI  - [On some enzymatic activities of rabbit ovarian tissue in relation to
      gonadotropic stimulation. Biochemical and histochemical study].

PMID- 13693056
TI  - Effect of hemorrhage on cardiac output of sympathectomized dogs.

PMID- 13693057
TI  - F-cells value in sympathectomized-splenectomized dogs after hemorrhage.

PMID- 13693058
TI  - Blood volume in sympathectomized-splenectomized dogs.

PMID- 13693059
TI  - [Leukocyte osmotic resistance in chronic erythematodes].

PMID- 13693060
TI  - [A case of chronic erythematodes in childhood].

PMID- 13693061
TI  - [On a case of Darier's disease with hypertrophic aspects].

PMID- 13693062
TI  - [Leukocytal osmotic resistance in chronic erythematosus in relation to
      chloroquine treatment].

PMID- 13693063
TI  - [Morpho-oscillographic research in simple primary acrocyanosis (preliminary
      note)].

PMID- 13693064
TI  - [Studies on diabetes insipidus. II. Differentiation of its various forms].

PMID- 13693065
TI  - [Acute human poisoning by trichloroethylene followed by hepatopathy and
      hyperglycemic glycosuria].

PMID- 13693066
TI  - [Clinico-statistical observations on the occupational distribution of saturnism].

PMID- 13693067
TI  - [Hepatopathy caused by carbon tetrachloride].

PMID- 13693068
TI  - Electrophoretic study of the serum proteins in patients with pulmonary
      tuberculosis. A series of 122 patients admitted to the Avnstrup Sanatorium.

PMID- 13693069
TI  - [Polycythemia idiopathica sive vera treated with chlornaphazin].

PMID- 13693070
TI  - Nucleotide transphosphorylases from liver. I. Purification and properties of an
      adenosine triphosphate-adenosine monophosphate transphosphorylase from swine
      liver.

PMID- 13693071
TI  - Nucleotide transphosphorylases from liver. II. Purification and properties of a 6
      oxypurine nucleoside triphosphate-adenosine monophosphate transphosphorylase from
      swine liver.

PMID- 13693072
TI  - [Epistaxis; hormone treatment].

PMID- 13693073
TI  - [Foreign bodies in Steno's duct (parotid). Report of a recent case (year 1959)].

PMID- 13693074
TI  - [On the morphology of the nerve elements of the ovaries in fibromyoma of the
      uterus].

PMID- 13693075
TI  - [Treatment of myelomatosis with sarcolysin associated with ACTH and steroid
      hormones].

PMID- 13693076
TI  - [Generalized vesiculo-pustulous exanthema in the course of diphthero
      streptococcal infection of the conjunctiva].

PMID- 13693077
TI  - [On in vitro determination of toxicogenic properties of C. diphtheriae strains
      isolated from healthy carriers].

PMID- 13693078
TI  - [Tendon grafts in paralysis of the dorsal and lateral extensors of the foot.
      Results and indications].

PMID- 13693079
TI  - [Studies on the night vision of navigators. I. Change of the dark-adaptation of
      navigators on night watch due to various conditions].

PMID- 13693080
TI  - [Thiamine uptake and distribution rate in the ocular tissue].

PMID- 13693081
TI  - [On certain syndromes in acute closed cerebrocranial injuries].

PMID- 13693082
TI  - [On the problem of clinical diagnosis of acute adrenal insufficiency].

PMID- 13693083
TI  - [An improvement program for hospital supervisors].

PMID- 13693084
TI  - [Nursing supervisor of the hospital].

PMID- 13693085
TI  - [The general supervisor in the Etablissements de soins].

PMID- 13693086
TI  - [The organization of the hotel industry for the care of the sick].

PMID- 13693087
TI  - The occurrence of recruitment in glaucoma patients.

PMID- 13693088
TI  - Some aspects of the chemistry of cilia and flagella.

PMID- 13693089
TI  - Some effects of reserpine on barbitone anaesthesia in mice.

PMID- 13693090
TI  - A new biological method for the assay of depolarizing substances using the
      isolated semispinalis muscle of the chick.
AB  - The isolated semispinalis cervicis muscle of a 3 to 10 days old chick has been
      found to provide a very useful assay method for depolarizing substances. There
      are three main advantages of this preparation over that of the rectus abdominis
      of the frog: (a) quick relaxation without any artificial stretching of the
      muscle, (b) greater sensitivity to depolarizing drugs, and (c) no falling off in
      sensitivity for at least 2 hr.

PMID- 13693091
TI  - Spondylarthritis in infants and children.

PMID- 13693092
TI  - Controlling the chronically disturbed patient with massive phenothiazine therapy.

PMID- 13693093
TI  - A study of 104 cases of migraine.

PMID- 13693094
TI  - Idiopathic hyperglycinemia and hyperglycinuria: a new disorder of amino acid
      metabolism. I.

PMID- 13693095
TI  - Primaquine sensitivity of erythrocytes.

PMID- 13693096
TI  - The asymptomatic residual air space after partial pulmonary resection.

PMID- 13693098
TI  - [Insulin-biguanidine combination in the treatment of unstable diabetes].

PMID- 13693099
TI  - [The value of chlorothiazide in weight reduction diets].

PMID- 13693097
TI  - [Staphylococcal septicemia, with endocardiac and pulmonary localization.
      Efficiency of the association: penicillanic acid derivative-staphylomycin].

PMID- 13693100
TI  - Studies on the effect of tetanus antitoxin against tetanus toxin.

PMID- 13693101
TI  - Effects of morphine on brain potentials evoked by stimulation of the tooth pulp
      of the dog.

PMID- 13693102
TI  - Poliomyelitis in Des Moines, Iowa, 1959. The influence of Salk vaccination on the
      epidemic pattern and the spread of the virus in the community.

PMID- 13693104
TI  - [New radiological technic for the localization of endobulbar foreign bodies].

PMID- 13693103
TI  - The changing pattern of poliomyelitis observed in two urban epidemics.

PMID- 13693105
TI  - [Sjogren's syndrome. (Clinical and histological contribution)].

PMID- 13693106
TI  - [The problem of the heredity of idiopathic detachment of the retina].

PMID- 13693107
TI  - [On the etiopathogenesis of so-called malignant exophthalmos and related
      therapeutic problems. (Thyrohypophysial syndrome)].

PMID- 13693108
TI  - Symposium on medical education--No. 3. IV. The family practice program at the
      Baltimore City Hospitals.

PMID- 13693109
TI  - [Experimental research on the behavior of vestibular function after the
      administration of certain drugs. II. Acetyl-DL-leucine].

PMID- 13693110
TI  - [Experimental research on the behavior of vestibular function after the
      administration of some drugs. III. The association of the total alkaloids of
      belladonna with phenylethylbarbituric acid].

PMID- 13693111
TI  - [Experimental research on vestibular function after the administration of various
      drugs. I. A phenothiazine derivative].

PMID- 13693112
TI  - [A diagnostic curiosity].

PMID- 13693113
TI  - [Enuresis].

PMID- 13693114
TI  - Internal parasites of man in Hawaii with special reference to heterophyid flukes.

PMID- 13693115
TI  - Studies on three hemiuroid cercariae from Friday Harbor Washington.

PMID- 13693116
TI  - [Attenuated typhic sepsis with pulmonary and articular complications].

PMID- 13693117
TI  - [Chronic reacutized myeloid leukemia, with atypical renal colic followed by renal
      insufficiency, and terminal picture of goutous acute polyarthritis].

PMID- 13693118
TI  - Hematic values in residents at altitudes between 1260 m and 4515 m above sea
      level.

PMID- 13693119
TI  - [Mountain sickness of cerebral form. Possible etiopathogenic mechanism].

PMID- 13693120
TI  - Interatrial septal defect and longevity.

PMID- 13693121
TI  - [Quantitative method for the investigation of the irritant action of injectable
      drugs and rubefacients].

PMID- 13693122
TI  - An experimental method for the testing of local tolerance to injectable and
      rubefacient drugs.

PMID- 13693123
TI  - The action of gamma-aminobutyric acid on submaxillary cholinergic mediation.

PMID- 13693124
TI  - [Cardiovascular action of gamma-aminobutyric acid].

PMID- 13693125
TI  - Icosahedral shape of a temperate phage of Bacillus megatherium.

PMID- 13693126
TI  - [Measurement of the average energy of beta radiations from iodine-131 with the
      ionimetric method].

PMID- 13693127
TI  - Localized lymph node hyperplasia in the mediastinum.

PMID- 13693128
TI  - Calcific sclerosis of coronary arteries in an infant.

PMID- 13693129
TI  - [Anterior pituitary endocrine therapy in osteoporosis and delays of
      consolidation].

PMID- 13693130
TI  - [Osteoporosis and delayed consolidation treated by anterior pituitary gland
      hormone therapy].

PMID- 13693131
TI  - [Intraperitoneal hemorrhages of ovular and tubular origin without ectopic
      pregnancy. "Apropos of 3 cases"].

PMID- 13693132
TI  - [Placental therapy in a recent osteomuscular war-wound. (Presentation of a
      patient)].

PMID- 13693133
TI  - [Thrombo-angiosis and rickettsial infection].

PMID- 13693134
TI  - [Injuries caused by animals (68 cases gathered in Indo China)].

PMID- 13693135
TI  - [Necrosis caused by snake bites. Apropos of 12 cases].

PMID- 13693136
TI  - [Diethazin and its importance in primary treatment of thorax wounds].

PMID- 13693137
TI  - Keratoacanthoma.

PMID- 13693138
TI  - The development of the zona pellucida of the mammalian ovum.

PMID- 13693139
TI  - [On the problem of the pathogenic role of adenoviruses in patients with whooping
      cough and measles].

PMID- 13693140
TI  - [On the problem of changes in the electrocardiogram associated with physical
      exertion in children].

PMID- 13693142
TI  - [Problems of safety in anesthesiological practice].

PMID- 13693141
TI  - [Anesthesia in endoscopic urological surgery].

PMID- 13693143
TI  - Physical activity and human obesity.

PMID- 13693144
TI  - [Histological findings in the gastric mucosa of the guinea pig treated with glyco
      active steroids].

PMID- 13693145
TI  - [Influence of chloroquine on reactive phlogosis caused by turpentine in guinea
      pigs].

PMID- 13693146
TI  - [Therapeutic importance of the gastro-secretory effect of small doses of orally
      administered histamine].

PMID- 13693147
TI  - [Oxidation of sodium thiosulfate in hepatopathic states].

PMID- 13693148
TI  - [Oxidation of sodium thiosulfate in the course of cholostasis induced by ligation
      of the choledochus and liver disease induced by carbon tetrachloride].

PMID- 13693149
TI  - [The omentum as plastic repair material for the bladder wall in vesicovaginal
      fistulae caused by irradiation].

PMID- 13693150
TI  - Regeneration of the gastric mucosa and diminution of hydrochloric acid-pepsin
      secretion following resection of the gastric mucous membrane.

PMID- 13693151
TI  - [Regeneration of gastric mucosa and diminution of hydrochloricpeptic secretion
      after mucous gastrectomy].

PMID- 13693152
TI  - Growth response of the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum (Duval) to six
      selected protein sources.

PMID- 13693153
TI  - Response of a virus-induced murine lymphoid leukemia to drug therapy.

PMID- 13693154
TI  - Intracerebral growth and treatment of leukemia L1210.

PMID- 13693155
TI  - [On specific immunity of animals infected with Bacillus perfringens and treated
      with ecmonovocillin or tetracycline hydrochloride].

PMID- 13693156
TI  - [Anti-edema effects of certain medicinal preparations in aseptic inflammation].

PMID- 13693157
TI  - [Effect of dibazol in aseptic inflammation].

PMID- 13693158
TI  - Bacterial invasion of non-vital dentin.

PMID- 13693159
TI  - [The adrenal medulla and the adrenal X zone].

PMID- 13693160
TI  - [Influence of several anti-choriomatosis therapeutic principles on the enzymatic
      autolysis of the chorial proteins].

PMID- 13693161
TI  - Immunologic response of rabbits to 6-aminopenicillanic acid.

PMID- 13693162
TI  - The Scribner arteriovenous fistula for haemodialysis.

PMID- 13693163
TI  - Exstrophy of the urinary bladder.

PMID- 13693164
TI  - A strain of Bacillus circulans capable of growing under highly alkaline
      conditions.

PMID- 13693165
TI  - Germination under alkaline conditions and transmission of alkali resistance by
      endospores of certain strains of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus circulans.

PMID- 13693167
TI  - [On the effect of gamma-rays on vaccinal strains STI].

PMID- 13693166
TI  - [Remote results of the treatment of syphilis without arsenic preparations].

PMID- 13693168
TI  - [Perforation of pancreatic cyst in an infant aged 1 year and 5 months].

PMID- 13693169
TI  - [Basic methods of hygienic rationalization of public catering for miners].

PMID- 13693170
TI  - [Prevention of progressive development of rheumatic processes].

PMID- 13693171
TI  - [Considerations on an atypical case of Steinert's dystrophia myotonica].

PMID- 13693173
TI  - [Activity of alkaline and acid glycerophosphatase in explants of human lymph
      nodes].

PMID- 13693172
TI  - [Conditions of the cardiovascular system in chronic nutritional disorders in
      children].

PMID- 13693174
TI  - [Academician Nikolai Nikolaevich ANICHKOV].

PMID- 13693175
TI  - [Study of C-reactive protein in infectious psychoses].

PMID- 13693177
TI  - [Various problems in phagotyping of staphylococci. I. Method of obtaining a set
      of local strains of staphylophages and its use for typing the strains of
      different origin].

PMID- 13693176
TI  - [N. Ia CHISTOVICH--head of the first Russian department of general studies on
      infectious diseases and bacteriology (1860-1926)].

PMID- 13693178
TI  - [On the treatment of lymphangiomas in children].

PMID- 13693179
TI  - [Perception of sound succession].

PMID- 13693180
TI  - [Pharmacological research on a vitamin B1 derivative: thiamine disulfide].

PMID- 13693181
TI  - [Experiences with a new butazolidin-prednisone preparation in physical medicine].

PMID- 13693182
TI  - [On the treatment of the varicose syndrome].

PMID- 13693183
TI  - [Tendopathies of the upper extremities and their treatment].

PMID- 13693184
TI  - Inventing the present.

PMID- 13693185
TI  - Variations in the weight of the adrenal glands of the field vole, Microtus
      agrestis.

PMID- 13693186
TI  - "Rejuvenating" effect of procaine. A critical review of reports.

PMID- 13693187
TI  - Susceptibility of Proteus and Providence bacilli to 10 antibacterial agents.

PMID- 13693188
TI  - [Clinical signs in the early diagnosis of tumors of the heart].

PMID- 13693189
TI  - [Familial disposition in cancer].

PMID- 13693190
TI  - [On indications for emergency surgery on ships of the 2d class].

PMID- 13693191
TI  - [The behavior of the nasal mucosa as compared with that of the cervical mucosa in
      pregnancy toxemias].

PMID- 13693192
TI  - [On the problem of the relationship between muscle tonus and resulting movements
      of the extremities in man (according to material on locomotor activities)].

PMID- 13693193
TI  - Evaluation of operative cholangiography.

PMID- 13693194
TI  - [The effect of nitroglycerine on the cardiovascular system of patients with
      coronary heart disease].

PMID- 13693195
TI  - [The use of glutamic acid in the neurological clinic].

PMID- 13693196
TI  - [On the problem of recurrent poliomyelitis].

PMID- 13693197
TI  - Composition of the free fatty acid fraction in the plasma of human arterial
      blood.

PMID- 13693198
TI  - [Clinical significance of cholangitis].

PMID- 13693199
TI  - [On the problem of diagnostic difficulties in polypi of the pyloric part of the
      stomach with prolapse into the duodenum].

PMID- 13693200
TI  - [New and shortened therapy of superficial trichophytosis of the smooth skin with
      p-bromophenylisothiocyanate (PBFI)].

PMID- 13693201
TI  - [Surgical therapy of the cervix uteri in discharges].

PMID- 13693202
TI  - [Early ambulation after surgery and after labor].

PMID- 13693203
TI  - [Hospital staphylococcal infections].

PMID- 13693204
TI  - [The myelogram in rheumatic disease].

PMID- 13693205
TI  - [Preventive administration of chlorpromazine in respiratory infections in
      children].

PMID- 13693206
TI  - [Protective effect of potassium on the erythrocytes exposed to mechanical
      injuries].

PMID- 13693207
TI  - [Resistance of the erythrocytes and their physiochemical changes in hypertonic
      media].

PMID- 13693208
TI  - [The osmotic resistance of the erythrocytes and the problem of cell structure and
      metabolism].

PMID- 13693209
TI  - [Utilization by the human organism of individual components of intravenously
      administered protein hydrolysates. III. Urinary components interfering with the
      determination of amino nitrogen].

PMID- 13693210
TI  - [Free and bound amino acids in urine].

PMID- 13693211
TI  - [Infantile multiple deficiency syndrome (kwashiorkor) in 2 little girls in
      Montevideo].

PMID- 13693212
TI  - [Physical development of kindergarten children in Khabarovsk in 1959].

PMID- 13693213
TI  - The identification of an active metabolite of tremorine.

PMID- 13693214
TI  - Absence of blood clotting substances from synovial fluid.

PMID- 13693215
TI  - Quantitation of spontaneous movements of animals given psychotropic drugs.

PMID- 13693216
TI  - Studies on the improvement of gastric operation, with special references to the
      authors' new method.

PMID- 13693217
TI  - Body fluid and electrolyte composition in arterial hypertension. II. Studies in
      mineralocorticoid hypertension.

PMID- 13693218
TI  - [Electrophoretic changes in serum proteins under the influence of ionizing
      radiations].

PMID- 13693220
TI  - [A possible roentgenographic method in the diagnosis of chronic gastritis].

PMID- 13693219
TI  - [A study of the function of the thyroid gland with the aid of radioactive iodine
      during radiotherapy of cancer of the larynx].

PMID- 13693221
TI  - [A possible roentgenographic method in the diagnosis of chronic gastritis].

PMID- 13693222
TI  - [Contrast media for roentgenological examination of the small intestine].

PMID- 13693223
TI  - [Modifications of the motor activity of the small intestine due to a disorder
      caused by the afflux of bile into the duodenum].

PMID- 13693224
TI  - [Radiological considerations on the multiplicity of gastroduodenal ulcers].

PMID- 13693225
TI  - [Some new findings regarding the motor activity of the resected stomach].

PMID- 13693226
TI  - [Measurement of the binaural threshold with introduction of interaural phase
      differences].

PMID- 13693227
TI  - [Pathways of development of industrial hygiene in USSR. Basic problems and
      research methods].

PMID- 13693228
TI  - Peptic ulcer as a presenting manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism.

PMID- 13693229
TI  - [Studies on the effect of chlorpromazine on experimental autonomic heart
      disorders in rabbits].

PMID- 13693230
TI  - [Effect of methyl derivatives of phenoxypropanediol on cardiac activity (role of
      shifting of the methyl group)].

PMID- 13693231
TI  - [Vascular changes in experimental mechanical jaundice with hyperlipemia].

PMID- 13693232
TI  - Lymphosarcoma of the stomach. A long term follow-up report of two cases of
      reticulum cell sarcoma.

PMID- 13693233
TI  - Surgical management of acute cholecystitis.

PMID- 13693234
TI  - Employment characteristics of hospitalized alcoholics.

PMID- 13693235
TI  - The treatment of ocular toxoplasmosis with spiramycin.

PMID- 13693236
TI  - A cultural study of acid-fast micro-organisms concentrated by hydrocarbon
      adsorption and sedimentation methods.

PMID- 13693237
TI  - [Histochemical studies on nasal polypi after cortisone therapy].

PMID- 13693238
TI  - Evaluation of the tuberculous lung by pulmonary angiocardiography.

PMID- 13693239
TI  - [Studies on the level of urinary 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid in women with and
      without previous psychoprophylactic preparation in labor].

PMID- 13693240
TI  - The effect of dietary cirrhosis and CC1- poisoning on glucuronyl transferase
      activity of rat liver.

PMID- 13693241
TI  - [Effect of experimental liver cirrhosis and of CC1-4 intoxication on glucuronic
      transferase activity in rat livers].

PMID- 13693242
TI  - [On the determination of so-called Sternheimer's and Malbin's cells in the
      diagnosis of pyelonephritis].

PMID- 13693243
TI  - Determination of manganese in air and biological material.

PMID- 13693244
TI  - The lead content of the atmosphere.

PMID- 13693245
TI  - The concentrations of oxidant (ozone) and nitrogen dioxide in the air of
      Cincinnati, Ohio.

PMID- 13693246
TI  - [Medicosurgical and physiopathological causes of acute respiratory
      insufficiency].

PMID- 13693247
TI  - [Remarks on the structure of capsorubin].

PMID- 13693248
TI  - [Hemangiopericytoma].

PMID- 13693249
TI  - [Histological peculiarities of the renal involvement in malignant hemopathies].

PMID- 13693250
TI  - [Histological study of the initial stages of appendicitis. Pathogenic analysis].

PMID- 13693251
TI  - [Reflections on cancer and cancerology].

PMID- 13693252
TI  - ["Bronchopneumonia" of the aged person. Some data on its incidence, clinical
      characteristics and anatomical findings].

PMID- 13693253
TI  - [Diabetic pancreas and hypoglycemic sulfonamides (D 860). Apropos of 2 cases].

PMID- 13693254
TI  - [Stout's hemangiopericytomas].

PMID- 13693255
TI  - [Apropos of 2 cases of calcified aortic stenosis in the aged].

PMID- 13693256
TI  - [Result of the 24-hour thyroid iodine uptake test (T-24) in normal subjects and
      in patients with thyroid diseases].

PMID- 13693257
TI  - [Biochemical types of Salmonella typhi and their relation to the lysotype].

PMID- 13693258
TI  - [New Vi bacteriophage and its application in supplementary lyso-typing of the
      type F1 of Salmonella typhi].

PMID- 13693259
TI  - [Observations on the dynamics of bacteriophage-types of Salmonella typhi in an
      endemic environment].

PMID- 13693260
TI  - [Studies on phage and biochemical typing of Salmonella typhi. I. Variability of
      phage types in endemic environments].

PMID- 13693261
TI  - [Studies on phage and biochemical typing of Salmonella typhi. II. Induced
      variability of phage types].

PMID- 13693262
TI  - [Problem of tetanus in otolaryngology].

PMID- 13693263
TI  - [Contribution to the diagnosis of pulmonary round shadows].

PMID- 13693264
TI  - [Clinical results of tumor cell diagnosis in peripheral blood].

PMID- 13693265
TI  - [A contribution on the radiosensitivity of the human bone marrow].

PMID- 13693266
TI  - [Pyrexal as a function test of bone marrow in fractionated and single total body
      irradiation of rats].

PMID- 13693267
TI  - Pyopericardium: a report of two cases.

PMID- 13693268
TI  - [First experiments in the application of neurolept-ataralgesia in ORL (bronchial
      and esophageal) endoscopy].

PMID- 13693269
TI  - The surface structure of influenza virus filaments.

PMID- 13693270
TI  - Studies of two kinds of virus particles which comprise influenza A2 virus
      strains. III. Morphological characteristics: independence to morphological and
      functional traits.
AB  - Seven strains of influenza A2 virus were serially passed in the chick embryo, and
      morphological characteristics of the passages were examined in the electron
      microscope. With serial passage there was a change from a prominently filamentous
      appearance in early passages to an almost entirely spherical appearance in later
      passages. The number of passages required for the conversion to spherical
      morphology varied with different strains. The filament-sphere variation was found
      to be independent of the properties which differentiate "+" and "-" influenza A2
      virus particles, and both highly filamentous and spherical populations of "+" and
      of "-" virus particles were obtained. The usefulness of these pairs of
      independent markers for genetic studies is discussed.

PMID- 13693271
TI  - The inactivation of enterovirus infectivity by the sulfhydryl reagent p
      chloromercuribenzoate.
AB  - The infectivity of several enteroviruses was inactivated by the sulfhydryl
      reagent p-chloromercuribenzoate (PCMB). The rate of inactivation was dependent on
      the ionic environment in which the reaction was carried out. Inactivation of
      infectivity was reversed by the thiol compound, reduced glutathione. Under
      certain conditions, PCMB prevented the adsorption of some enteroviruses to
      monolayer cultures of monkey kidney cells. The results suggest that enterovirus
      sulfhydryl groups are involved in the establishment of infection, and that they
      play a role in the adsorption of virus to host cells.

PMID- 13693272
TI  - Studies of two kinds of virus particles which comprise influenza A2 virus
      strains. II. Reactivity with virus inhibitors in normal sera.
AB  - Inhibitors present in normal human and animal sera prevented hemagglutination by
      and neutralized infectivity of inhibitor-sensitive influenza A2 virus. Starch
      zone electrophoresis of sera indicated that the same serum components possess
      both hemagglutination-inhibiting and neutralizing activities. The greatest amount
      of inhibitory activity was found in normal horse serum, and the inhibitory
      activity increased with heating or treatment with concentrated solutions of urea.
      The inhibitory activities on human, ferret, and rabbit sera were markedly reduced
      but not completely eliminated by V. cholerae filtrate and purified neuraminidase.
      The inhibitory activity of horse serum was only moderately reduced by these
      agents. The nature of the horse serum inhibitor and the differences in the
      interactions of inhibitor-sensitive and insensitive influenza A2 virus particles
      and pre-1957 influenza viruses with receptors have been discussed.

PMID- 13693273
TI  - Congenital atresia of bile ducts. (A case report).

PMID- 13693274
TI  - Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis; case report.

PMID- 13693275
TI  - Autoradiographic studies of yolk nucleus in fish oocytes.

PMID- 13693276
TI  - [Effects of a diet low in saturated fatty acids and rich in unsaturated fatty
      acids on the blood cholesterol and lipoproteins in hypercholesterolemic
      patients].

PMID- 13693277
TI  - [The Werner syndrome within the group of congenital skin atrophies with a report
      on a personal case].

PMID- 13693278
TI  - [A self-induced skin lesion appearing under the form of unilateral Duhring's
      disease].

PMID- 13693279
TI  - [Effect of removal of various segments of the auditory analyzer on fresh memory
      of auditory stimuli in dogs].

PMID- 13693280
TI  - Blood plasma levels and urinary excretion of ascorbic acid before and after a
      test dose in children with severe thalassemia.

PMID- 13693281
TI  - Studies on the blood lipids and lipoproteins in thalassaemia and sickle cell
      anaemia.
AB  - In Cooley's anaemia the serum lipid fraction, determined by chemical analysis,
      was found to be decreased. The lipoprotein distribution by paper electrophoresis
      showed a characteristic pattern with abnormally low alpha(1) fraction and high
      concentrations of the beta fractions. There is no relationship between age and
      serum lipoprotein distribution. A correlation was found between the
      electrophoretic pattern, liver function tests, and the E/C index. Similar changes
      but of lesser degree were found in sickle cell anaemia. Liver damage is thought
      to be the probable cause of the reduced alpha(1) fraction.

PMID- 13693282
TI  - Aplastic crisis in the course of infectious diseases. Report of 10 cases.

PMID- 13693284
TI  - On the coexistence of epileptic siezures and abnormal involuntary movements.

PMID- 13693283
TI  - [A contribution to the problem of infantile anorexia].

PMID- 13693285
TI  - The effect of added calcium on treponemal immobilization.

PMID- 13693286
TI  - [Clinical observations on the evolution of healed tuberculous cavities].

PMID- 13693287
TI  - [Porphyria cutanea tarda].

PMID- 13693288
TI  - [Role of endo- and exogenous factors in the appearance of changes in benign
      pemphigus in comparison with Darier's disease].

PMID- 13693289
TI  - [Infarct of the intestine].

PMID- 13693290
TI  - [Obesity and the gravidopuerperal state].

PMID- 13693291
TI  - [Pregnancy in a cretin myxedematous dwarf. History of sterilization].

PMID- 13693292
TI  - [Clinical results apropos of utilization of a new synthetic antispasmodic, M.T.S.
      263].

PMID- 13693293
TI  - [Effects of sterilization by resection or ligation of the fallopian tubes on
      ovarian function].

PMID- 13693294
TI  - [Labor in the uterus previously cesarianized].

PMID- 13693295
TI  - [Enzyme-secretory function of the intestine after removal of the adrenals and
      administration of steroid hormones in dogs].

PMID- 13693296
TI  - Experimental brain tumors in rabbits and associated cerebral edema.

PMID- 13693297
TI  - Specificity of the current electrocardiographic criteria in the diagnosis of left
      ventricular hypertrophy.

PMID- 13693298
TI  - [Clinical signs of generalized pulmonary emphysema].

PMID- 13693299
TI  - [Comparative study of intradermal tests with tuberculin and lipopolysaccharide
      PmKo in slightly allergic or anergic subjects].

PMID- 13693300
TI  - An evaluation of modern management of eclampsia.

PMID- 13693302
TI  - The structure of the temporomandibular joint.

PMID- 13693301
TI  - Intraperitoneal haemorrhage from fibroids.

PMID- 13693303
TI  - Rapid, preparative, density-gradient electrophoresis.

PMID- 13693304
TI  - [Notes on malaria in Somaliland].

PMID- 13693305
TI  - [Trial of transmission of 2 rat tumors and a chicken sarcoma by means of an
      eluate (obtained by the BFK technic)].

PMID- 13693306
TI  - [The GRCH-15 chemical sarcoma of the chicken after culture "in vitro" and on
      chorioallantoic membrane].

PMID- 13693307
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the influence of mineral nutrition of plants on
      their acid-base equilibrium].

PMID- 13693308
TI  - The garnet locus in Drosophila melanogaster. I. Pseudoallelism.

PMID- 13693309
TI  - Brain functions.

PMID- 13693310
TI  - Changes of brain electropotentials during visual discrimination learning in
      monkey.

PMID- 13693311
TI  - Effect of local electrographic after-discharges on visual learning and retention
      in monkey.

PMID- 13693312
TI  - Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in range cattle of Colorado.

PMID- 13693313
TI  - [The influence of environment on the development of the larvae of Fasciola
      hepatica; the problem of superinvasion in the direct host].

PMID- 13693314
TI  - A simple technique for collection of stool samples in the outpatient clinic or in
      the field.

PMID- 13693315
TI  - Spermicidal action of certain alkylphenoxy-polyethoxy-ethanols and contraceptive
      jellies and creams.

PMID- 13693316
TI  - Glycogenolysis in liver slices of lactose-fed rats.

PMID- 13693317
TI  - Medical treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.

PMID- 13693318
TI  - Acute copper sulphate poisoning.

PMID- 13693319
TI  - Rate of evaporation from different regions of the skin of Indian zebu cattle.

PMID- 13693320
TI  - Recent trends in the management of preeclamptic toxaemia.

PMID- 13693321
TI  - Indications for resection in pulmonary tuberculosis.

PMID- 13693322
TI  - A factor analysis of the Wesley Rigidity Inventory: its relationship to age and
      nonverbal intelligence.

PMID- 13693323
TI  - All-acrylic anterior chamber implants. New developments and uses.

PMID- 13693324
TI  - All-acrylic anterior-chamber implants in ophthalmic surgery.

PMID- 13693326
TI  - Partition column chromatography of insulin: production and separation of
      transformation products.

PMID- 13693325
TI  - The bound calcium of actin.

PMID- 13693327
TI  - [Contribution to the problem of physical efficiency in young subjects with
      neurocirculatory asthenia].

PMID- 13693328
TI  - [Elimination of pneumoconiosis (radiographic) in Greek workers at the health
      resorts of Konitsa (steam baths of Amarantos) with radiographic demonstration
      before and after balneotherapy].

PMID- 13693329
TI  - [Some current ideas on the etiology, semeiology and course of bronchial cancers].

PMID- 13693330
TI  - [Bronchoscopy in the etiological diagnosis of peritracheobronchial adenopathies.
      (128 observations with endobronchial biopsies)].

PMID- 13693331
TI  - [Antitubercular drugs].

PMID- 13693332
TI  - [Pneumophthisiology].

PMID- 13693333
TI  - [Presentmethods of treatment of simple pulmonary tuberculosis in the adult].

PMID- 13693334
TI  - [The diagnosis of acute pneumopathies in current medical practice].

PMID- 13693335
TI  - [The procedure for treatment of common pulmonary tuberculosis in the adult].

PMID- 13693336
TI  - Attitudes toward death among a group of acute geriatric psychiatric patients.

PMID- 13693337
TI  - [A photometric method for the determination of methylarbutin in bear-grape leaves
      (folia uvae ursi)].

PMID- 13693338
TI  - [On the serial determination of the content of flavonol derivatives in drugs].

PMID- 13693339
TI  - [Experiences in rabies prevention].

PMID- 13693340
TI  - [On the serology of rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 13693341
TI  - [On stress on the human spine in the use of agricultural tractors].

PMID- 13693342
TI  - Absorption of ascitic fluid by intestinal entectropy. An experimental study.

PMID- 13693343
TI  - [Contribution to the pharmacochemistry and pharmacology of the common butterwort
      (Pinguicula vulgaris L.)].

PMID- 13693344
TI  - [Physicians in the Norrebro of Copenhagen, 1903-1957].

PMID- 13693345
TI  - The normal fine structure of opossum testicular interstitial cells.
AB  - The interstitial tissue of the opossum testis includes interstitial or Leydig
      cells, macrophages, and small cells which morphologically resemble mesenchymal
      cells. The latter are thought to give rise to mature interstitial cells. The most
      prominent feature of the interstitial cell cytoplasm is an exceedingly abundant
      agranular endoplasmic reticulum. This reticulum is generally in the form of a
      meshwork of interconnected tubules about 300 to 450 A in diameter, but
      occasionally it assumes the form of flattened, fenestrated cisternae resembling
      those of pancreatic acinar cells, except for the lack of ribonucleoprotein
      particles on the surface of the membranes. The interstitial cells vary
      considerably in their cytoplasmic density. The majority are quite light, but some
      appear extremely dense, and in addition usually have a more irregular cell
      surface, with numerous small pseudopodia. These differences may well reflect
      variations in physiological state. Cytoplasmic structures previously interpreted
      as "crystalloids" consist of long bundles of minute parallel tubules, each about
      180 A in diameter, which seem to be local differentiations of the endoplasmic
      reticulum. The mitochondria are rod-shaped, and contain a moderately complex
      internal membrane structure, and also occasional large inclusions that are
      spherical and homogeneous. The prominent juxtanuclear Golgi complex contains
      closely packed flattened sacs and small vesicles. The results of the present
      study, coupled with biochemical evidence from other laboratories, make it seem
      highly probable that the agranular endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the
      synthesis of the steroid hormones produced by the interstitial cell. This finding
      therefore constitutes one of the first functions of the agranular reticulum for
      which there is good morphological and biochemical evidence.

PMID- 13693346
TI  - A comparative cytological investigation of the reproductive cycle of an
      amphimictic diploid and a parthenogenetic triploid form of Lumbricillus lineatus
      (O.F.M.) (Oligochaeta, Enchytraeidae).

PMID- 13693347
TI  - Inhibition of the crabtree effect in ascites carcinoma cells by 2-deoxy-D
      glucose.

PMID- 13693348
TI  - Neuropathological findings in children with infantile spasm and hypsarrhythmia.

PMID- 13693349
TI  - Volvulus of the caecum.

PMID- 13693350
TI  - [Gallstone ileus and internal biliary fistula].

PMID- 13693351
TI  - Pathological changes in the brain in patients with vascular accidents.

PMID- 13693352
TI  - [A destructive form of aspergillosis pulmonis. A case surgically treated].

PMID- 13693354
TI  - Metalophil reticular cells in experimental mouse-amyloidosis.

PMID- 13693353
TI  - [Mattress suture with loop in pleural drainage].

PMID- 13693355
TI  - Income taxes -- deduction of expenses for education.

PMID- 13693356
TI  - Action of estrogens on mediated transports into red blood cells.

PMID- 13693357
TI  - Reactive sites and biological transport.

PMID- 13693358
TI  - On the process of host-controlled modification of bacteriophage.

PMID- 13693359
TI  - Cyclodiathermy with scleral flap.

PMID- 13693360
TI  - Emergency management of ocular injuries.

PMID- 13693361
TI  - Epithelization of the anterior chamber.

PMID- 13693362
TI  - Is thyroxine binding by pre-albumin of physiologic importance?

PMID- 13693363
TI  - Some factors influencing the binding of L-thyroxine by proteins.

PMID- 13693364
TI  - Nicotinic acid treatment of hypercholesteremia. Comparison of plain and sustained
      action preparations and report of two cases of jaundice.

PMID- 13693365
TI  - [Full-term extrauterine pregnancy with live infant].

PMID- 13693366
TI  - The drying of BCG suspensions by evaporation.

PMID- 13693367
TI  - A note on the determination of phenylpyruvic acid in urine.

PMID- 13693368
TI  - Anterior open-bite or retrognathia corrected by a vertical sliding osteotomy of
      the ramus, with or without bone graft: an improved technique. Preliminary report
      of two cases.

PMID- 13693369
TI  - Plasma phospholipid and phosphoprotein transfer across the intimal surface of the
      normal and slightly atherosclerotic thoracic aorta of the cockerel.

PMID- 13693370
TI  - [Glucagon in breaking off insulin coma in psychiatric patients].

PMID- 13693371
TI  - A complication of right hepatic lobectomy.

PMID- 13693373
TI  - Intravenous use of nitrofurantoin. A review.

PMID- 13693372
TI  - Intravenous barbiturate anesthesia for dental outpatients.

PMID- 13693374
TI  - Differences in illness and prognostic signs in two groups of young men.

PMID- 13693376
TI  - Automobile injuries of the urinary tract.

PMID- 13693375
TI  - Urinary excretion of 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5 HIAA) in provoked allergic
      rhinitis.

PMID- 13693377
TI  - [3 cases of craniofacial dysostosis (Crouzon's disease)].

PMID- 13693378
TI  - [Apropos of injectable ferric hydroxide therapy in children (20 cases)].

PMID- 13693380
TI  - [Abnormalities of sexual differentiation].

PMID- 13693379
TI  - [On a case of familial Morquio's disease].

PMID- 13693381
TI  - [Clinical aspects of ketosis states in the child].

PMID- 13693382
TI  - [Therapy of ketosis states].

PMID- 13693383
TI  - [Importance of taking over the affective responsibility of hospitalized
      hypotrophic infants].

PMID- 13693384
TI  - [Obesities of the puberal period].

PMID- 13693385
TI  - [The offspring of alcoholics].

PMID- 13693386
TI  - The neuro-endocrine control of ovulation: a review.

PMID- 13693387
TI  - So-called "gangliocytoma" of the cerebellum. Report of a case.

PMID- 13693388
TI  - Christian medical work in changing India.

PMID- 13693389
TI  - Radioisotopes in the pharmaceutical sciences and industry.

PMID- 13693390
TI  - The sodium and potassium content of non-halophilic bacteria in relation to salt
      tolerance.

PMID- 13693391
TI  - Phenomena associated with population density.

PMID- 13693392
TI  - Potassium deficiency in marmots during hibernation.
AB  - Semiquantitation of potassium deficiency in the renal papillae indicates that
      woodchucks (Marmota monax) are deficient in potassium annually during the time
      they subsist on stored fats. The deficiency begins prior to hibernation,
      progresses during hibernation, and, in males, continues during the immediate
      postemergence period.

PMID- 13693393
TI  - Galactosemia. A family study.

PMID- 13693394
TI  - Changes in body composition during first six weeks of life.

PMID- 13693395
TI  - Antidote supplies for the emergency room.

PMID- 13693396
TI  - Chicago poison control program.

PMID- 13693397
TI  - Lead poisoning in children.

PMID- 13693398
TI  - [Central nervous system and regulation of circulation].

PMID- 13693399
TI  - [Bioelectrical characteristics of daily periodic forms of the course of epileptic
      diseases].

PMID- 13693400
TI  - [The sleeping-waking period in sleeping-waking epilepsy].

PMID- 13693401
TI  - [Rehabilitation institutions for psychiatric patients].

PMID- 13693402
TI  - Studies on the antigenic structure of Treponema pallidum. 1. Nichols'virulent
      strain, preliminary experiments.

PMID- 13693403
TI  - The effect of simultaneous ingestion of probenecid and phenylbutazone on uric
      acid excretion and uric acid concentration in the serum.

PMID- 13693404
TI  - Analysis of mixtures of aldepentose 1- and 5-phosphates.

PMID- 13693405
TI  - [Neuroglia of Auerbach's plexus].

PMID- 13693406
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the bursa of Fabricius].

PMID- 13693407
TI  - An attempt to explain the microphonic effect of the inner ear by means of
      displacement potentials.

PMID- 13693408
TI  - Response duration as a measure of ambivalent response tendencies.

PMID- 13693409
TI  - [Male alcoholics in Copenhagen. I. Summarizing survey].

PMID- 13693410
TI  - Evaluation of a new cobalt chelate with iron in pregnancy anemia.

PMID- 13693411
TI  - Pulmonary disease in adults associated with unclassified mycobacteria.

PMID- 13693412
TI  - A study of the enzyme pattern in children and newborn infants.

PMID- 13693414
TI  - The management of measles and its complications.

PMID- 13693413
TI  - The uric acid concentration in serum from children, newborn infants and mothers
      after delivery.

PMID- 13693415
TI  - A technique for obtaining uniform inocula of Actinomyces israelli.

PMID- 13693416
TI  - Normal variation of nerve conduction in three peripheral nerves.

PMID- 13693417
TI  - Electrodiagnostic features of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.

PMID- 13693418
TI  - Enlargement of liver cell nuclei: effect of dimethylnitrosamine on size and
      desoxyribosenucleic acid content.

PMID- 13693419
TI  - Pyridine nucleotide metabolism in heliotrine poisoning.

PMID- 13693420
TI  - Training of a physician.

PMID- 13693421
TI  - Adjustable rack and shield for a phase microscope.

PMID- 13693422
TI  - Forensic pathology--a public necessity.

PMID- 13693424
TI  - Bilateral benign bone cyst of the os calcis.

PMID- 13693423
TI  - Primary pulmonary hypertension: obstetrical anesthetic death.

PMID- 13693425
TI  - [Study abroad and study tours].

PMID- 13693427
TI  - [Treatment of penetrating wounds of the pericardium and heart by means of
      immediate thoracotomy. Initial results in 20 cases].

PMID- 13693426
TI  - [Peritoneal collagenosis].

PMID- 13693428
TI  - Preservation of diaphragmatic rami of the phrenic nerves in diaphragmatic
      incisions.

PMID- 13693429
TI  - Carcinoid syndrome with primary carcinoid tumor of the stomach.

PMID- 13693430
TI  - Esophageal obstruction due to granulomatous mediastinal lymphadenopathy.

PMID- 13693431
TI  - Use of sulfadimethoxine (madribon) in ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 13693432
TI  - The industrial hygiene of uranium refining.

PMID- 13693433
TI  - Fibrinolysis and bleeding in prostatic surgery.

PMID- 13693434
TI  - [Annual review of hematology].

PMID- 13693435
TI  - [Bone marrow biopsy using the Mazabraud trochar].

PMID- 13693436
TI  - [Immuno-electrophoretic and its possibilities].

PMID- 13693437
TI  - [On the dye from the sponge Stylotella].

PMID- 13693438
TI  - [Spectroscopic and chromatographic studies on the melanoidin proteid of Mytilus
      edulis, the melanin of Sepia, as well as on pseudomelanin from N-free
      substances].

PMID- 13693440
TI  - Metabolism in vitro of adipose tissue in obese-hyperglycemic and goldthioglucose
      treated mice. II. Metabolism of pyruvate and acetate.

PMID- 13693439
TI  - Metabolism in vitro of adipose tissue in obese-hyperglycemic and goldthioglucose
      treated mice. I. Metabolism of glucose.

PMID- 13693441
TI  - In vitro metabolism of specifically labeled glucose by adipose tissue of mice
      bearing adrenocorticotropic tumors.

PMID- 13693442
TI  - Glucose uptake as a function of food intake in normal and hypothalamic
      hyperphagic rats.

PMID- 13693443
TI  - [The synthesis in vitro of prenoic acids from allyl-pyrophosphates requires the
      participation of 3 hepatic enzymes].

PMID- 13693445
TI  - Nine steps to better organization.

PMID- 13693444
TI  - A comprehensive hospital wage program.

PMID- 13693446
TI  - Anorectal pathology in 1230 sigmoidoscopic examinations.

PMID- 13693447
TI  - Physical properties of cells in experimentally induced cervical dysplasia and
      cancer.

PMID- 13693448
TI  - Progression of experimental cervical dysplasia in the mouse.

PMID- 13693449
TI  - A critical study of cervical biopsies including serial sectioning.

PMID- 13693450
TI  - [On the problem of the clinical and pathophysiological character of neuroses and
      of their classification].

PMID- 13693451
TI  - Adrenocorticotrophic activity in the plasma of patients with Cushing's syndrome
      associated with pulmonary neoplasms.

PMID- 13693452
TI  - In memoriam: Joseph William JAILER.

PMID- 13693453
TI  - [Malignant lymphogranuloma with unusual cells in the peripheral blood].

PMID- 13693455
TI  - [Prolonged abdominal ascites in a case of disseminated papillary cystadenoma of
      the ovary].

PMID- 13693454
TI  - [A case of abscess of the myocardium during the course of strepto-staphylococcal
      septicemia].

PMID- 13693456
TI  - [Large gangrenous tumor of the right ovary in the 8th month of a twin pregnancy
      with hemorrhagic ascites in a woman suffering from mitral stenosis].

PMID- 13693457
TI  - One- or two-stage cervical esophagocolostomy or ileostomy for replacement of the
      esophagus.

PMID- 13693458
TI  - [Comarative evaluation of results of clinico-laboratory examinations in the
      diagnosis of acute and chronic dysentery].

PMID- 13693459
TI  - [Serological studies on Q fever among wool industry workers].

PMID- 13693460
TI  - [Evaluation of living and health conditions of children in the village Golab].

PMID- 13693461
TI  - [On the problem of phagocyte activity of the leukocytes].

PMID- 13693463
TI  - Chromosome cytology and evolution in primates.

PMID- 13693462
TI  - A study of the subcutaneous connective tissue of the mouse, with special
      reference to nuclear type, nuclear division and mitotic rhythm.

PMID- 13693464
TI  - Types and frequencies of human chromosome aberrations induced by x-rays.

PMID- 13693465
TI  - Karyotypic analysis of a male pseudohermaphrodite with the syndrome of feminizing
      testes.

PMID- 13693466
TI  - Chromosomes of lemurine lemurs.
AB  - A wide variation in chromosome number and morphology was observed among different
      species and subspecies of lemurine lemurs. Comparative karyotype analysis
      indicates close phylogenic relationships and strongly suggests that chromosome
      structural rearrangements may have played an important role in the evolution of
      this group of primates.

PMID- 13693467
TI  - Chromosome complement in a case of the "male Turner syndrome".

PMID- 13693468
TI  - Microspectrophotometric determination of deoxyribonucleic acid in primary and
      metastatic mouse mammary tumors.

PMID- 13693469
TI  - Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of skin erythema I. Technic of
      measurement and description of the reaction.

PMID- 13693470
TI  - Value of radiation theray in the management of intracranial metastases.

PMID- 13693471
TI  - Radiation therapy in the management of cancer.

PMID- 13693472
TI  - "Divided naevus" of the eyelids (with an analysis of 14 operated cases).

PMID- 13693473
TI  - Reconstruction of the thumb.

PMID- 13693474
TI  - Pathogenicity and immunogenicity of herpes simplex virus strains propagated in
      rabbit kidney tissue.

PMID- 13693475
TI  - [Comparative penetration of radiocarbon-labeled veronal and radiosulfur-labeled
      thiopental in the central nervous system and mechanism of their action].

PMID- 13693476
TI  - [Effect of caffeine on the distribution and excretion of S35-thiopental in white
      rats].

PMID- 13693477
TI  - [Physiology of the agent producing chlortetracyline. (Review of the literature
      pub ished in the Chinese People's Republic)].

PMID- 13693478
TI  - [A combination of neuroplegic substances with local anesthesia in operations on
      patients with cancer].

PMID- 13693479
TI  - [Treatment of patients with thyrotoxicosis with a combination of reserpine and 6
      methylthiouracil].

PMID- 13693480
TI  - [Circulation rate and arterial pressure in certain skin diseases and syphilis].

PMID- 13693481
TI  - [The antitoxic function of the liver in patients with syphilis in connection with
      specific and nonspecific therapy].

PMID- 13693482
TI  - [Renal insufficiency in complicated labor and abortion].

PMID- 13693484
TI  - Improved distensibility and visualization of the stomach and duodenal bulb.

PMID- 13693483
TI  - [Change in the content of lipids, cholesterol and ascorbic acid in the adrenal
      cortex of rats after lesions due to polonium and x-irradiation].

PMID- 13693485
TI  - [On the roentgen picture of malignant hemangioma of the liver].

PMID- 13693486
TI  - [Sources of difficulties in evaluation of peroperative cholangiograms].

PMID- 13693487
TI  - [An analysis of the mechanism of after effect of the neuromuscular apparatus of
      insects].

PMID- 13693488
TI  - [Effect of euphyllin on the urinary excretion of water and electrolytes in
      patients with circulatory insufficiency].

PMID- 13693490
TI  - [A method for intravital investigation of organs of the abdominal cavity in
      rabbits].

PMID- 13693489
TI  - [Rhythms of water and electrolyte excretion in patients with rheumatic heart
      defects with circulatory insufficiency].

PMID- 13693491
TI  - [On the problem of autoplasty of the ovaries in rabbits].

PMID- 13693492
TI  - [Immunological investigation of patients with glomerulonephritis].

PMID- 13693493
TI  - Immunology of glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 13693494
TI  - Determination of antibodies to kidney tissue. The complement-consumption test.

PMID- 13693495
TI  - [Demonstration of substances inhibiting leukocytic antigens].

PMID- 13693496
TI  - [Control of 112 patients with the history of myocardial infarct].

PMID- 13693497
TI  - [Etiopathogenesis of myocardial infarction in the light of our investigations].

PMID- 13693498
TI  - [Exclusion of the potassium background by the double-standard method].

PMID- 13693499
TI  - [Experiences in the work of liquidation of diphtheria in Sevastopol].

PMID- 13693501
TI  - [Clinico-laboratory indices in children in various phases of chronic pneumonia].

PMID- 13693500
TI  - [On the problem of bacteriological diagnosis of dysentery].

PMID- 13693502
TI  - [Nephropexy with the aid of capron].

PMID- 13693503
TI  - [Use of capron tissue in surgical treatment of uterine prolapse].

PMID- 13693504
TI  - [On a case report contribution of foreign bodies on the appendix].

PMID- 13693505
TI  - [Role of intervals between the administration of antigens and antibiotics in the
      development of immunity].

PMID- 13693506
TI  - [Change in the plasmocyte reaction and formation of antitoxin in rabbits under
      the effect of penicillin].

PMID- 13693507
TI  - [On the problem of the mechanism of action of penicillin and tetracycline on
      immunological reactions].

PMID- 13693508
TI  - [On hyperparathyrodism in combination with multiple adenomatoses of the endocrine
      glands].

PMID- 13693509
TI  - [Clinical aspects and therapy in tuberculosis of the upper respiratory tract in
      patients with disseminated tuberculosis of the lungs].

PMID- 13693510
TI  - [Fruitful collaboration].

PMID- 13693511
TI  - The fight against polio will be won.

PMID- 13693512
TI  - The effect of mass peroral immunisation by live vaccines from Sabin strains on
      the epidemiological process of poliomyelitis.

PMID- 13693513
TI  - [Prevention of poliomyelitis with the aid of living attenuated vaccine in drops
      or candy bonbons].

PMID- 13693514
TI  - [Control of epidermophytosis of the feet among workers of a plant producing
      rubber and industrial goods].

PMID- 13693515
TI  - [Primary lymphosarcoma of the vermiforn process].

PMID- 13693516
TI  - Measurement of hydrophile-lipophile balance of surface-active agents.

PMID- 13693517
TI  - Papilledema in Sydenham's chorea.

PMID- 13693518
TI  - Folic acid, viramin B6, pantothenic acid and vitamin B12 in human dietaries.

PMID- 13693519
TI  - Selection at the ABO locus.

PMID- 13693520
TI  - Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: a report of two cases with some unusual
      features.

PMID- 13693521
TI  - Renal tubular necrosis: its relation to norepinephrine administration.

PMID- 13693522
TI  - [Myoplasty in persistent paralysis of the muscles controlling facial expression].

PMID- 13693523
TI  - Pemphigoid treated with corticosteroids.

PMID- 13693524
TI  - Sensitivity to hydrocortisone acetate ointment.

PMID- 13693525
TI  - Effects of a competitive situation on the speed of response.

PMID- 13693526
TI  - The Tabor Hill ossuaries: a study in Iroquois demography.

PMID- 13693527
TI  - Tactual-kinesthetic judgment: effect of BKD.

PMID- 13693528
TI  - Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of prolonged apnoea.

PMID- 13693529
TI  - The changing pattern of neuromuscular block.

PMID- 13693530
TI  - [A survey of neuromuscular transmission].

PMID- 13693532
TI  - Some aspects of the pathology of hypertension. Vascular lesions in experimental
      and human hypertension.

PMID- 13693531
TI  - Nephrotoxic serum nephritis in the rat. Electron and light microscopic studies.

PMID- 13693533
TI  - Alopecia.

PMID- 13693534
TI  - Moles, warts and birthmarks.

PMID- 13693535
TI  - Treatment of idiopathic grand mal epilepsy.

PMID- 13693536
TI  - [A contribution to paper chromatography of phytoestrogens].

PMID- 13693537
TI  - [Gonadotropin action of sperm extract].

PMID- 13693538
TI  - [Serum malic dehydrogenase in leukemia and other blood diseases].

PMID- 13693539
TI  - [The enzyme activity of bone marrow serum].

PMID- 13693541
TI  - Bilateral side-by-side cutaneous ureterostomy in the midline for urinary
      diversion.

PMID- 13693540
TI  - Bilateral side-by-side cutaneous ureterostomy in the midline for urinary
      diversion.

PMID- 13693542
TI  - The effect of body temperature on development of Trichinella spiralis in bats.

PMID- 13693543
TI  - Infections of Trichinella spiralis in hibernating hamsters.

PMID- 13693544
TI  - [Biological (physiological) glue in ophthalmo-surgery].

PMID- 13693545
TI  - White-graft reaction and passive transfer of immunity in inbred strains of mice.

PMID- 13693546
TI  - [Contribution to the study of problems of immunity to homografts].

PMID- 13693547
TI  - [Biosynthesis of collagen in tissue cultures of pulmonary fibroblasts. Changes in
      the concentration of free hydroxyproline, peptide-bound and collagen proteins and
      hexosamine in control cultures and in cultures growing in colloidal silicic acid
      medium].

PMID- 13693548
TI  - Changes in proline and hydroxyproline in collagens during the development of
      rats.

PMID- 13693549
TI  - [High fat diets in silicosis].

PMID- 13693550
TI  - [Physiology of the connective tissue].

PMID- 13693551
TI  - [Reaction of the connective tissue during the course of fibroplastic
      inflammation; development of silicotic granuloma].

PMID- 13693552
TI  - [Cogenital anomalies of the larynx].

PMID- 13693553
TI  - Islet-cell tumors and peptic ulcers: case report of the Zollinger-Ellison
      syndrome.

PMID- 13693554
TI  - [Pulmonary resection under the protection of substitute antituberculosis drugs].

PMID- 13693555
TI  - [Studies on dynamic criteria of pathological processes in tuberculous
      cerebrospinal meningitis].

PMID- 13693556
TI  - [A case of angioma cavernosum of the stomach and of the lower portion of the
      esophagus in a 14-year-old girl].

PMID- 13693557
TI  - [A case of chondroblastoma in a 12-year-old girl].

PMID- 13693558
TI  - [Can salicylic acid amide be used in rheumatic disease?].

PMID- 13693559
TI  - [Results of hormonal therapy in rheumatic disease in the light of observations in
      a pediatric clinic in Zabrzel].

PMID- 13693560
TI  - [Drug-induced (iatrogenic) urinary retention and its treatment].

PMID- 13693562
TI  - [Hyperestrogenism in the male and its effects].

PMID- 13693561
TI  - [Hyperadrenalism, morbidity and fatal disease of the individual].

PMID- 13693563
TI  - [Loss of sexual function and prostatic neurosis in acute hyperactivity of the
      adrenal cortex].

PMID- 13693564
TI  - [Urological indications and contraindications for sex hormone therapy in men].

PMID- 13693565
TI  - [What does hormone analysis accomplish in urological practice? A contribution to
      the diagnosis and therapy of endocrine disorders in urology].

PMID- 13693566
TI  - Reversibility-irreversibility. Problems in the treatment of offenders.

PMID- 13693567
TI  - The willingness of actors to admit to socially undesirable behavior on the MMPI.

PMID- 13693568
TI  - [A case of Ebstein's syndrome].

PMID- 13693569
TI  - [Biochemical changes in the blood serum and respiratory capacity and voluntary
      apnea in patients with bronchial asthma during ACTH and predinisone therapy].

PMID- 13693570
TI  - [Biochemical changes in the blood serum, respiratory capacity and voluntary apnea
      in patients with bronchial asthma during prednisone and ACTH therapy].

PMID- 13693571
TI  - [Electrophoresis of blood proteins in patients with bronchial asthma].

PMID- 13693572
TI  - An activator of the adaptive enzyme tryptophan pyrrolase present in fetal-rat
      liver.

PMID- 13693573
TI  - [Adaptation of biochemical systems].

PMID- 13693574
TI  - [On the problem of induced enzyme biosynthesis in the liver in rats].

PMID- 13693575
TI  - [Elephantiasis of the lower limbs in childhood].

PMID- 13693576
TI  - [4 years of allergo-tuberculin and photoflurographic findings on the elementary
      schol population of the municipality of Ferrara].

PMID- 13693577
TI  - [Recent research and new advances in the study of viruses. I. Research on the
      epizootic aftosa virus. Experiments on treatment with phenol and nitrous acid].

PMID- 13693578
TI  - [Clinico-cardiological and electrocardiographic observations in gastroresected
      patients].

PMID- 13693580
TI  - [Myoplasty of the sartorius muscle].

PMID- 13693579
TI  - [Phenelzine in the treatment of processes of depression].

PMID- 13693581
TI  - [On an atypical case of lymphosarcomatosis].

PMID- 13693582
TI  - [Practical system for the arrangement and selection of case histories of a
      hospital tumor center].

PMID- 13693583
TI  - [Parallel symmetrical biaxial pendular telecobaltotherapy in the treatment of
      neoplasms of the pelvis].

PMID- 13693584
TI  - [Considerations on the treatment of vesical neoplasms with telecobaltotherapy].

PMID- 13693586
TI  - [Isodoses in moving-field telecobaltotherapy with the "junior Theratron"].

PMID- 13693585
TI  - [Wedge filters in telecobaltotherapy. Note on construction and dosimetry].

PMID- 13693587
TI  - [Note for a practical use of a telecobaltotherapy unit (Theratron Junior). Moving
      field therapy].

PMID- 13693588
TI  - [Notes for the practical use a of cobalt teletherapy unit (Theatron Junior)].

PMID- 13693590
TI  - [On a case of primary carcinoma of the hypophysis].

PMID- 13693589
TI  - [Some observations relating to the urinary excretion of aldosterone in the
      paranephritic nephrotic syndrome in the adult].

PMID- 13693591
TI  - [Electrophoretic variations in malignant neoplasms as a biological index of
      radiosensitivity].

PMID- 13693592
TI  - [Study of a rapid method for the determination of total cholesterol].

PMID- 13693593
TI  - [Behavior of serum aldolase in experimental tetanus in guinea pigs].

PMID- 13693594
TI  - [Considerations on the initial results of endocavitary aspiration at the Brindisi
      sanatorium].

PMID- 13693595
TI  - [Esophagothoracic surgery. I. Prophylactic use of broad spectrum antibiotics].

PMID- 13693596
TI  - [Considerations on a case of celomatic cysts of the pericardium].

PMID- 13693597
TI  - [On a rare case of left anterior diaphragmatic hernia].

PMID- 13693598
TI  - [The neuroiogical complications of fractures of the elbow].

PMID- 13693599
TI  - [Preliminary observations on the transformation of energy in ascites hepatoma].

PMID- 13693600
TI  - [Aspects of the protein metabolism of the neoplastic cell].

PMID- 13693601
TI  - [Extensive nevi and dermabrasion].

PMID- 13693602
TI  - [Treatment of the sequelae of burns of the large joints].

PMID- 13693603
TI  - [Rehabilitation, science and work].

PMID- 13693604
TI  - [Infantile ureteroceles].

PMID- 13693605
TI  - [Therapeutic indications in active renal tuberculosis].

PMID- 13693606
TI  - [Early diagnosis of cancer of the testicle].

PMID- 13693607
TI  - [Aneurysm of the pulmonary artery related to rheumatism].

PMID- 13693608
TI  - [On histological, histochemical and biochemical changes of the osteoarticular
      tissues of the feet of subjects with diabetic gangrene].

PMID- 13693610
TI  - Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome. Report of an unusual family.

PMID- 13693609
TI  - [Hyperglycemia induced by excitation of the cerebral cortex].

PMID- 13693611
TI  - [Preliminary clinico-experimental research on a new sulfonamide: 2-sulfanilamido
      3-methoxypyrazine].

PMID- 13693612
TI  - [Attempted therapy of chronic inflammatory conditions of the ears in children
      with osteoarticular tuberculosis].

PMID- 13693613
TI  - Investigations on morphological changes caused by adenoviruses on tissue Detroit
      6.

PMID- 13693615
TI  - [Blue nevus of the endocervix].

PMID- 13693614
TI  - [Primary sarcomas of the small intestine].

PMID- 13693616
TI  - [Schwannosis of the endocervix. New ideas on old matters].

PMID- 13693617
TI  - [Schwannosis of the endometrium. Basis for a new chapter of female pathology].

PMID- 13693618
TI  - Ureterovaginal fistula: report of a case with fused kidney and double ureter
      cured by heminephrectomy.

PMID- 13693619
TI  - [The effects of adrenaline and of noradrenaline on the contractions of the human
      uterus and an attempted explanation of these effects].

PMID- 13693620
TI  - Relationship of trace metals to the alcohol-effect in citric acid synthesis by
      Aspergillus fonsecaeus.

PMID- 13693621
TI  - [Treatment by phosphates and potability of water].

PMID- 13693622
TI  - [Teachings of experimental medicine in the problems of hypertension].

PMID- 13693623
TI  - [The metabolic and hormonal factors in the intra and extracellular distribution
      of sodium and potassium].

PMID- 13693624
TI  - Chemistry of coelenterates. II. Occurrence of taurobetaine and creatine in
      gorgonians.

PMID- 13693625
TI  - Chemistry of coelenterates. I. Occurrence of terpenoid compounds in gorgonians.

PMID- 13693626
TI  - Doubling of the arterial sounds in patients with pulsus bisferiens.

PMID- 13693627
TI  - [Micorene in the treatment of respiratory disorders in surgical patients].

PMID- 13693628
TI  - [On the problem of masking of acute morbid signs by antibiotics].

PMID- 13693629
TI  - [Synthetic hypertensin II in the treatment of shock].

PMID- 13693631
TI  - [Roentgenological diagnosis of horshoe kidney. Significance of the lumbar
      triangle syndrome].

PMID- 13693630
TI  - [The treatment of induratio penis plastica. Report of 6 cases].

PMID- 13693632
TI  - [Sign of the lumbar quadrilateral and its importance for the diagnosis of
      horseshoe kidney].

PMID- 13693633
TI  - [Intracardiac method for the investigation of structure of the heart with the aid
      of ultrasonics].

PMID- 13693634
TI  - [Siphon drainage in the treatment of duodenal fistulae].

PMID- 13693635
TI  - [Prognosis of gastric cancer].

PMID- 13693636
TI  - Activation of amino-acids in micro-organisms which produce antibiotics.

PMID- 13693638
TI  - An essay on the classification of moniliaceous medical fungi.

PMID- 13693637
TI  - Amino acid activation in algae: the activation of 2,6-di-aminopimelic acid.

PMID- 13693639
TI  - Properties of heparin monosulfate (heparitin monosulfate).

PMID- 13693640
TI  - Structural studies on heparin and heparitin sulfate.

PMID- 13693641
TI  - [Disappearance of the images of renal uric acid calculi after alkalinizing
      treatment (2 cases)].

PMID- 13693642
TI  - [Treatment of vesical tumors by transurethral resection and intramural endoscopic
      injection of Au-198].

PMID- 13693643
TI  - The EEG response (evoked potential) to light stimulus in man.

PMID- 13693644
TI  - Chymotrypsin in surgery: report of 491 cases.

PMID- 13693645
TI  - [Radioactivity of the fission products of the fallout collected after the French
      nuclear explosion in the Sahara].

PMID- 13693646
TI  - [Tautomeric forms of oxygenated derivatives of 1,3,5-triazine. Infrared spectra].

PMID- 13693647
TI  - [Medical and patriotic activities of Licenciate don Justo GARCIA Y VALDES].

PMID- 13693648
TI  - [New edition of an American pharmacopoeia: Brazilian pharmacopoeia, 2d edition,
      1959].

PMID- 13693649
TI  - [The medical representation in the May days and the first foundation of Argentine
      military medicine].

PMID- 13693650
TI  - [Medio-normal photofluorographic cardiovas cular profiles in school-age
      children].

PMID- 13693651
TI  - [Effect of anticoagulant therapy on the mortality in myocardial infarct during
      first 6 weeks].

PMID- 13693652
TI  - [Partial defects of the pectoralis major muscle; morphological and clinical
      study].

PMID- 13693653
TI  - [Adrenal cortex function tests in childhood].

PMID- 13693654
TI  - [Adenomas in the kidney with gigantic calculous hydropyonephrosis].

PMID- 13693655
TI  - [Contribution to the study of benign primary tumors of the ureter with special
      reference to conservative surgical treatment].

PMID- 13693656
TI  - [Calculosis of the prostate. (Considerations on some especially rare cases)].

PMID- 13693657
TI  - Pyridine coenzymes. IV. Charge transfer interaction with the indole nucleus.

PMID- 13693658
TI  - [Apropos of the history of the Military Medical Corps, of its origins and its
      lessons].

PMID- 13693660
TI  - [The pre-albumins].

PMID- 13693659
TI  - Therapeutic effects of 1-4-dicaffeil quinic acid (cynarine) administered by oral,
      rectal, intravenous and intraduodenal way.

PMID- 13693662
TI  - [Auxological aspects of hypogonadism].

PMID- 13693661
TI  - [Influence of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate on the toxicity of mechlorethamine].

PMID- 13693663
TI  - [On the treatment of growth disorders in infants with anterior pituitary
      hormones].

PMID- 13693664
TI  - [Histochemical research on mucopolysaccharides of follicular structures in
      various phases of development].

PMID- 13693665
TI  - [Histomorphological and histochemical pictures of the endometrium in carcinoma of
      the uterine cervix].

PMID- 13693666
TI  - [Fetal macrosomatia as a factor in dystocial].

PMID- 13693667
TI  - [Perinatal mortality in births by cesarean section].

PMID- 13693669
TI  - [Carcinoma of the colon and of the rectum in long-term surgical results].

PMID- 13693668
TI  - [Statistico-clinical observations on chorioepithelioma].

PMID- 13693670
TI  - [Is the "resection or gastroenterostomy" dilemma not yet solved? (Remote results
      of gastroenterostomy)].

PMID- 13693671
TI  - [Total gastrectomy for cancer and survival].

PMID- 13693672
TI  - [Experience in a new psychopharmacological orientation].

PMID- 13693673
TI  - [Drug combination in the treatment of depressive states].

PMID- 13693674
TI  - [Von Recklinghausen's neurofibroma of predominately cephalic localization].

PMID- 13693675
TI  - [Quantitative analysis of the production of indole in E. coli].

PMID- 13693676
TI  - [Contribution to the study of antistreptolysin O by means of passive
      hemoagglutination and electrophoresis of serums].

PMID- 13693677
TI  - [Rectal absorption of prednisolone].

PMID- 13693678
TI  - [Action of hyaluronidase on B. megatherium in certain culture media].

PMID- 13693679
TI  - [Note on the hemolytic activity of Proteus].

PMID- 13693680
TI  - [Pyrophosphatase activity in C. diphtheriae].

PMID- 13693681
TI  - [Mechanism of hypercoagulability of the blood following vasopuncture: behavior of
      the thromboplastin generation test and blood thromboplastin factors].

PMID- 13693682
TI  - Arteriomesenteric occlusion of the duodenum: an entity?

PMID- 13693683
TI  - Sign of the burnous in the stomach.

PMID- 13693684
TI  - Statistics and the physician.

PMID- 13693685
TI  - The status of the syndrome of arteriomesenteric occlusion of the duodenum. A
      critical review.

PMID- 13693686
TI  - Something different in uniforms.

PMID- 13693688
TI  - Specificity and inheritance of antibody response: a possible steering mechanism.

PMID- 13693687
TI  - Immunotherapy of a patient with choriocarcinoma.

PMID- 13693689
TI  - [Some aspects of immunological tolerance for definite antigens].

PMID- 13693690
TI  - Considerations on the pathogenesis of the neuro-anaemic syndrome in Addison
      Biermer's anaemia.

PMID- 13693691
TI  - Reduction of portal hypertension by nonshunting methods in patients with
      cirrhosis.

PMID- 13693692
TI  - Calibrated Weir operation.

PMID- 13693693
TI  - [Modification of the electrocardiographic tracing by maneuver bearing upon the
      cervical spine in patients with cervicoarthroses and precordial painful
      symptomatology].

PMID- 13693694
TI  - [Pericardiocelomic cysts of the mediastinum (review and 4 case contributions)].

PMID- 13693695
TI  - Retarded osseous development as a primary factor in weakfoot.

PMID- 13693696
TI  - Contributions to the technique of intrahepatic biliary digestive anastomosis
      (personal technique).

PMID- 13693697
TI  - [Contributions to the study of a mixed form of chronic polyarticular rheumatism].

PMID- 13693698
TI  - [Hydralazine syndrome after prolonged treatment with adelphan].

PMID- 13693699
TI  - [Present knowledge concerning the correlation between the morphological and
      functional substrates in certain renal diseases].

PMID- 13693700
TI  - ["Neurolepto-analgesia"].

PMID- 13693701
TI  - [Postoperative problems in mitral, aortic and pulmonary valvulotomy].

PMID- 13693702
TI  - [Clinical trial of a new anti-rheumatic agent, pyrazolonepyrazolidine
      derivative].

PMID- 13693703
TI  - A follow-up of Donora ten years after: methodology and findings.

PMID- 13693705
TI  - [Current concepts and methods of investigation in Soviet oncology].

PMID- 13693704
TI  - [Starch block electrophoresis of serum with anomalous protein picture].

PMID- 13693706
TI  - [Investigations of the hygienic conditions of the sea and lake waters of the
      Cagliari district].

PMID- 13693707
TI  - [On abnormal time sense in a schizophrenic woman].

PMID- 13693708
TI  - [Considerations on the root of valerian].

PMID- 13693709
TI  - Contributions to the preparation of ergotoxin from indigenous rye ergot.

PMID- 13693710
TI  - [Behavior of the lipase activity of the liver in the castrated rat].

PMID- 13693711
TI  - [Blood ATPase in patients with leukemia].

PMID- 13693712
TI  - The antileukemic action of two thiadiazole derivatives.

PMID- 13693713
TI  - [Plasmatic adrenocorticotropic activity in patients with pregnancy toxemias].

PMID- 13693714
TI  - [The importance of the determination of fractioned urinary androgens in cases of
      male impotence].

PMID- 13693715
TI  - Occupational health service experiences of two hotels for 1955 and 1956.

PMID- 13693716
TI  - Improvements in personnel-metering procedures at the National Reactor Testing
      Station.

PMID- 13693717
TI  - [Observations on the use in neurosurgery of a new hypotensive drug: phenacyl
      homatropine chloride].

PMID- 13693718
TI  - [Postanesthetic vomiting. It's treatment with a new derivative of phenothiazine:
      prochlorpemazine].

PMID- 13693719
TI  - [On the origin of some old names for syphilis].

PMID- 13693720
TI  - [Our experience with the value of the determination of serum transaminases in
      coronary disease].

PMID- 13693721
TI  - [On the association of psychotonic drugs and C.M.P. (methylparafynol carbamate)
      in psychiatric therapy].

PMID- 13693723
TI  - [Considerations and proposals on the subject of auxological methodology].

PMID- 13693722
TI  - [Treatment of delirium tremens with alimemazine].

PMID- 13693724
TI  - [Considerations on a new preparation with cholecystokinetic action].

PMID- 13693725
TI  - [Functional changes of the gallbladder after gastroresection].

PMID- 13693726
TI  - [Clinico-metabolic actoin of some phenylbutazone derivatives (G 27202, G 28315
      and keto-phenylbutazone)].

PMID- 13693727
TI  - [Electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation of serum proteins in rheumatoid
      arthritis and in the "aggravation syndrome"].

PMID- 13693728
TI  - [The substitution of heptane for benzol (clinical study)].

PMID- 13693729
TI  - [Anterior orbital encephalomeningocele (10 years after operation)].

PMID- 13693730
TI  - [Community medicine. Health insurance].

PMID- 13693731
TI  - [Experiences on the use of the reserpine-orphenadrine association in military
      psychiatric practice].

PMID- 13693732
TI  - [Problems in military psychiatry. Clinico-statistical study].

PMID- 13693734
TI  - [Problems of military psychiatry. Clinico-statistical study].

PMID- 13693733
TI  - [Problems of military psychiatry. Clinico-statistical study. E. Psychiatric
      medicolegal problems in the military service].

PMID- 13693736
TI  - [Our experience in the use in anesthesia of a new neuroplegic, levorpromazine].

PMID- 13693735
TI  - [Problems of military psychiatry. Clinico-statistical study].

PMID- 13693737
TI  - [Studies on the distribution of extrinsic histamine in the development of
      anaphylactic bronchospasm in the dog].

PMID- 13693738
TI  - [Histamine].

PMID- 13693739
TI  - [Mechanism of anaphylactic bronchospasm in the dog].

PMID- 13693740
TI  - [Studies on the pathogenesis of anaphylactic bronchospasm in dogs].

PMID- 13693741
TI  - [Typical anaphylactic bronchospasm in the dog with supradiaphragmatic ligation of
      the aorta and inferior vena cava].

PMID- 13693742
TI  - [Histamine].

PMID- 13693743
TI  - ["Recent" and "old" tubo-tympanitis. (Comparative study of the activity of
      various drugs in transtubal administration)].

PMID- 13693745
TI  - [Estradiol and experimental neoplasms].

PMID- 13693744
TI  - [Historical notes on surgery of the fenestra ovale up to the beginning of the
      20th century].

PMID- 13693747
TI  - [The importance of hydrosaline metabolism in the etiopathogenesis of premenstrual
      tension].

PMID- 13693746
TI  - [Experimental research on the effect of prednisone on immunization processes].

PMID- 13693748
TI  - [The proteolytic enzymes in gynecological inflammations].

PMID- 13693749
TI  - [Thyroid function in the premenstrual syndrome].

PMID- 13693750
TI  - [Influence of the administration of elastase on the turnover of aortic elastin in
      the white rat studied by radiocarbonlabeled glycine].

PMID- 13693752
TI  - The effect of urea and guanidine hydrochloride on activity and optical rotation
      of penicillinase.

PMID- 13693751
TI  - [Protective action of elastase on experimental atherosclerosis of the rabbit].

PMID- 13693753
TI  - Evidence for a change in the active site of penicillinase caused by a competitive
      inhibitor.

PMID- 13693754
TI  - Antibodies blocking neutralization of penicillinase by the homologous antiserum.

PMID- 13693755
TI  - Para-aminosalicylic-acid (PAS) concentrations in the serum during treatment with
      various PAS preparations.

PMID- 13693756
TI  - [Experimental research on the action of progesterone and progestative agents on
      the placenta and on various sections of the fetal endocrine system].

PMID- 13693757
TI  - [Histomorphological aspects of the placenta after administration of hormonal
      substances and drugs acting on the autonomic NS. (Experimental contribution)].

PMID- 13693758
TI  - ["Dyskariosis" in cervical cytology].

PMID- 13693759
TI  - [Contributions to the study of the cellular mechanism of antibacterial immunity].

PMID- 13693761
TI  - [Posttraumatic articular rigidity in the elderly].

PMID- 13693760
TI  - [Resistance of bacteria to chemotherapeutic agents, with special reference to
      antibiotics].

PMID- 13693762
TI  - Effects of di, 1-, and d-ephe-drine on levarterenol tachyphylaxis in the isolated
      heart of Venus mercenaria.

PMID- 13693763
TI  - [Experimental study of immediate and remote results of synthetic arterial
      prosthesis].

PMID- 13693764
TI  - Advances in the treatment of threatened abortion and premature delivery.

PMID- 13693765
TI  - [Actomyosin content and ATPase activity of the gravid uterus and the puerperal
      uterus of the rat].

PMID- 13693766
TI  - [Observations on the blood coagulative defect in premature detachment of the
      normally implanted placenta].

PMID- 13693767
TI  - [Premedication in geriatric surgery].

PMID- 13693768
TI  - [Complications of spinal arthrosis].

PMID- 13693769
TI  - [Dorso-ventral projection in urographical investigations].

PMID- 13693770
TI  - [Recurrence of renal calculosis in the side opposite the operated side
      (comparative study of conservative and destructive surgery)].

PMID- 13693771
TI  - [Auto-adhesive plasters and dressings. Theoretical aspects of auto-adhesion].

PMID- 13693772
TI  - Relationship between food and water ingestion in the rabbit.

PMID- 13693773
TI  - [Obesity in children and adolescents. Growth-distribution of fat deposits-
      electroencephalography].

PMID- 13693774
TI  - [Effect of child and adolescent sera on plant growth].

PMID- 13693775
TI  - [Activity of the European Coal and Steel Community in the field of industrial
      medicine and hygiene].

PMID- 13693776
TI  - [The medicolegal value of electroencephalography in subjective sequels of closed
      brain injuries].

PMID- 13693777
TI  - Interaction between chlorophyll and carotenes with different chromophoric groups.

PMID- 13693778
TI  - [New concepts on the immunological pathogenesis of silicosis].

PMID- 13693779
TI  - Compound fractures of the tibia.

PMID- 13693780
TI  - An evaluation of the bromelin method by means of comparison with the indirect
      Coombs test in detection of erythrocyte antibodies.

PMID- 13693781
TI  - Hathaway vs. Welsh on coding the MMPI and a method proposed to reconcile
      differences of viewpoint.

PMID- 13693782
TI  - How to prepare a manuscript for publication.

PMID- 13693783
TI  - Recent advances in the treatment of heart disease.

PMID- 13693784
TI  - Difficult problems in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the esophagus.

PMID- 13693785
TI  - Carcinoma of the lung.

PMID- 13693786
TI  - Pelvic lymphadenectomy for carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

PMID- 13693787
TI  - Medical management of patients with stroke.

PMID- 13693788
TI  - Some observations on anoxia as a cause of death in the foetus and newborn.

PMID- 13693789
TI  - Arteriovenous aneurysm of the great vein of Galen with heart failure in the
      neonatal period.

PMID- 13693790
TI  - [Juvenile lumbar vertebral hyperostosis].

PMID- 13693791
TI  - [The Barre-Lieou syndrome. Clinical aspects, radiology, pathogenesis, treatment].

PMID- 13693792
TI  - Dr. WILLIAM GILBERT--England's first great scientist.

PMID- 13693793
TI  - Surgical technique for homologous transplant of neonatal kidneys in dogs.

PMID- 13693794
TI  - Bacteriological studies in office practice.

PMID- 13693795
TI  - Differentiating variables: obsessive-compulsive neurosis and anorexia nervosa.

PMID- 13693796
TI  - Outpatient treatment of the alcoholic.

PMID- 13693797
TI  - Procrastination: a defense against sobriety.

PMID- 13693798
TI  - Vaginal deliveries subsequent to previous cesarean section.

PMID- 13693799
TI  - Vaginal deliveries subsequent to previous cesarean section.

PMID- 13693800
TI  - [A case of cystomyiasis].

PMID- 13693801
TI  - Carrier rates in hospital patients and personnel and their relation to infection.

PMID- 13693802
TI  - [Studies on the basement membrane of the retinal capillaries].

PMID- 13693803
TI  - [Some considerations on a method of labor induction].

PMID- 13693805
TI  - The cortical response to direct stimulation of the corpus callosum in the cat.

PMID- 13693804
TI  - Extradural hematomas.

PMID- 13693806
TI  - Set your own standards.

PMID- 13693807
TI  - [Pyourachus].

PMID- 13693808
TI  - [Current considerations on infantile pulmonary tuberculosis. (Classification.
      Medical treatment. Chemoprophylaxis)].

PMID- 13693809
TI  - Sedation threshold, personality, and the theory of neurosis.

PMID- 13693810
TI  - Arousal and inhibition as determinants of the performance of neurotics.

PMID- 13693811
TI  - The effects of meprobamate on the performance of a five-choice serial reaction
      time task.

PMID- 13693812
TI  - The estimation of relative fitness of Drosophila populations.

PMID- 13693813
TI  - Deficiency of vitamin B12 after extensive resection of the distal small intestine
      in an infant.

PMID- 13693814
TI  - Postnatal plasma shift in premature infants.

PMID- 13693815
TI  - A comparison of methods of treatment of extensive burns at the San Francisco
      General Hospital.

PMID- 13693816
TI  - Visiting nurse.

PMID- 13693817
TI  - The modification by x-irradiation of the life span of haploids and diploids of
      the wasp, Habrobracon sp.

PMID- 13693818
TI  - Human performance during adaptation to stress in the Pensacola slow rotation
      room.

PMID- 13693819
TI  - Biosynthesis of glycerides in subcellular fractions of intestinal mucosa.

PMID- 13693820
TI  - Vagotomy for peptic ulcer.

PMID- 13693821
TI  - A quantitative measurement of the blood loss caused by ancylostomiasis in dogs.

PMID- 13693823
TI  - How changing patterns of payment affect hospital planning.

PMID- 13693822
TI  - The influence of diet on the action of the Walker 256 carcinoma on liver protein
      and nucleic acids.

PMID- 13693824
TI  - Infections within hospitals from the standpoint of the hospital administrator.

PMID- 13693825
TI  - Correlation of complications of labor with lesions in the brains of neonates.

PMID- 13693826
TI  - Submerged citric acid fermentation of sugar beet molasses: effect of pressure and
      recirculation of oxygen.

PMID- 13693827
TI  - Autoxidation, and its inhibition, in anhydrous lanolin.

PMID- 13693829
TI  - Your local health department.

PMID- 13693828
TI  - Notes on the origin and significance of the peroxide value of anhydrous lanolin.

PMID- 13693830
TI  - Composition of float gases of Physalia physalis.

PMID- 13693831
TI  - Preparation of pleuropneumonia-like organisms for microscopic study.

PMID- 13693832
TI  - Fundamentals of communication.

PMID- 13693833
TI  - Photoprotection against x-ray inactivation in Nocardia corallina.

PMID- 13693834
TI  - Pregnancy with diminished respiratory reserve.

PMID- 13693835
TI  - Laboratory diagnosis of adrenal and parathyroid disease and gout.

PMID- 13693836
TI  - A study of elderly primiparas.

PMID- 13693837
TI  - Photosensitization by 8-methoxypsoralen.

PMID- 13693838
TI  - On the perverted effect of the action of normal muscle in peripheral paralysis
      and its treatment.

PMID- 13693839
TI  - Uteroabdominal pregnancy.

PMID- 13693840
TI  - Cystinosis: an ante-mortem case presentation.

PMID- 13693841
TI  - Zoster facialis. A case report.

PMID- 13693842
TI  - Use of cordotomy in the relief of intractable pain.

PMID- 13693843
TI  - Photographic neuroanatomy. Visualization of brain anatomy by high-contrast
      photography.

PMID- 13693844
TI  - Detection of right-to-left shunts with an arterial potentiometric electrode.

PMID- 13693845
TI  - Continuous recording of blood oxygen content.

PMID- 13693846
TI  - Intravascular polarographic and potentiometric electrodes for the study of
      circulation.

PMID- 13693847
TI  - The use of amine buffers in cardiovascular surgery.

PMID- 13693848
TI  - Leptospira pomona infection in a woodchuck. Preliminary report.

PMID- 13693849
TI  - Leptospira pomona infection in an Eastern red fox (Vulpes fulva fulva).

PMID- 13693850
TI  - Leptospira pomona isolations by direct blood culture of clinically infected
      cattle.

PMID- 13693851
TI  - Natural occurrence of leptospirosis in the meadow vole, Microtus pennsylvanicus.

PMID- 13693852
TI  - Methacholine chloride. Vascular effects of parenteral doses in atopic dermatitis.

PMID- 13693853
TI  - Chlorpromazine in chronic schizophrenic women: I. Experimental design and effects
      at maximum point of treatment.

PMID- 13693854
TI  - The amount of plasma trapped by red cells in centrifuged and sedimeuted blood.

PMID- 13693855
TI  - On the relationship of scores on certain psychological tests with a number of
      anthropometric characters and birth order in twins.

PMID- 13693856
TI  - Instrumental conditioning of jugular self-infusion in the rhesus monkey.
AB  - A technique is described for self-infusion of pharmacologic agents in solution
      through a permanently indwelling jugular catheter in the rhesus monkey. The
      results of an experiment utilizing this technique demonstrate that an
      instrumental lever response can be conditioned, extinguished, reconditioned, and
      brought under stimulus control and reward-schedule control with saline self
      infusion as the reinforcing stimulus.

PMID- 13693857
TI  - Analytic psychology today.

PMID- 13693858
TI  - Jungian and Freudian approach to dreams.

PMID- 13693859
TI  - Influence of the supra-oesophageal ganglion on posterior regeneration in Nereis
      diversicolor.

PMID- 13693861
TI  - The origin and formation of the heteronereis.

PMID- 13693860
TI  - The effect of delayed brain extirpation and replacement on caudal regeneration in
      Nereis diversicolor.

PMID- 13693863
TI  - Studies on the chemical properties of chrysotile in relation to asbestosis.

PMID- 13693862
TI  - Retroperitoneal extravasation of barium enema.

PMID- 13693864
TI  - Responses in free swimming fishes to electrical stimulation of the cerebellum.

PMID- 13693865
TI  - The periodic health examination: evaluation of routine tests and procedures.

PMID- 13693866
TI  - The average response computer (ARC): a digital device for computing averages and
      amplitude and time histograms of electrophysiological response.

PMID- 13693867
TI  - Community and industrial noise.

PMID- 13693868
TI  - Some aspects of the biochemical pharmacology of the octopus.

PMID- 13693869
TI  - Inhibition of DOPA decarboxylase in vitro and in vivo.

PMID- 13693870
TI  - Degenerative cataract, treated by lens extraction.

PMID- 13693871
TI  - Electrophysiological correlates of chlordiazepoxide.

PMID- 13693872
TI  - Two kinds of "clear" cells in the human epidermis; with a report of a modified
      DOPA reaction for electron microscopy.

PMID- 13693873
TI  - Characterization of coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from raw milk.

PMID- 13693874
TI  - Age and perceptual-motor transfer in imbeciles.

PMID- 13693875
TI  - Employability of the mentally subnormal.

PMID- 13693876
TI  - Structure of the paramylon from Euglena gracilis.

PMID- 13693877
TI  - Clean air and buildings.

PMID- 13693878
TI  - Quantitative bacteriuria after use of indwelling catheters. Incidence in genito
      urinary surgery.

PMID- 13693879
TI  - Transurethral ureteral meatotomy and vesicoureteral reflux: a clinical study of
      operative results.

PMID- 13693880
TI  - Data on linkage in man. The nail-patella syndrome, family S.

PMID- 13693881
TI  - Advances in medicine.

PMID- 13693882
TI  - The genetics of diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 13693883
TI  - Genetic studies with Klebsiella pneumoniae.

PMID- 13693884
TI  - 21-trisomy/normal mosaicism in an intelligent child with some mongoloid
      characters.

PMID- 13693885
TI  - Two nonfatal human infections with the virus of eastern encephalitis.

PMID- 13693886
TI  - Elution of alkaloids from citrate-buffered paper chromatograms.

PMID- 13693887
TI  - Fluorine, fluorides and fluoridation in Alberta.

PMID- 13693888
TI  - Chronic pulmonary tuberculosis treatment with ethionamide combined with
      cycloserine or oxytetracycline.

PMID- 13693889
TI  - Some experiences of dermatology in Nigeria.

PMID- 13693890
TI  - Cervical pregnancy; review of the literature and report of a case.

PMID- 13693891
TI  - The assay of Christmas factor (factor IX) in normal and pathological sera.

PMID- 13693892
TI  - The control of public water supplies from the public health standpoint.

PMID- 13693893
TI  - The natural history and results of surgical therapy for carcinoma of the stomach.
      An analysis of 250 cases.

PMID- 13693894
TI  - Influence of the liver upon gastric secretion.

PMID- 13693895
TI  - Components of sweat. Cystic fibrosis of the pancreas compared with controls.

PMID- 13693896
TI  - Colorimetric determination and distribution of urinary creatinine and creatine.

PMID- 13693897
TI  - Electrolyte changes due to viomycin.

PMID- 13693898
TI  - Removal of enteric viruses from sewage by activated sludge treatment.

PMID- 13693899
TI  - A method of measuring gastric pressure during vagotomy.

PMID- 13693900
TI  - Extent and time of blood-loss after civilian injury.

PMID- 13693901
TI  - Induction of fibrinolysis by venous obstruction.

PMID- 13693902
TI  - Yeasts from the bovine rumen.

PMID- 13693903
TI  - Carcinoma of the small bowel: report of an unusual case.

PMID- 13693904
TI  - Investigation into methods of collection of urine for culture from men and women.

PMID- 13693905
TI  - The rationale and technique of radical neck dissection in the treatment of
      cancer.

PMID- 13693906
TI  - Two unsuccessful suicidal attempts with a new drug: methaminodiazepoxide
      (Librium).

PMID- 13693907
TI  - Clinical and metabolic study of a patient with malabsorption and
      hypoparathyroidism.

PMID- 13693908
TI  - Perfusion and infusion techniques in cancer chemotherapy.

PMID- 13693909
TI  - Cyclical edema and shock due to increased capillary permeability.

PMID- 13693910
TI  - Cyclical edema and shock due to increased capillary permeability.

PMID- 13693911
TI  - The species of Trichuris in the domestic cat.

PMID- 13693912
TI  - The coccidia of the turkey.

PMID- 13693913
TI  - Role of the plastic surgeon and psychiatrist in the surgery of appearance.

PMID- 13693914
TI  - Sir Harold Delf GILLIES.

PMID- 13693916
TI  - The aetiology of Dupuytren's disease.

PMID- 13693915
TI  - Sponge implants for flat breasts.

PMID- 13693917
TI  - Effects of cholesterol-fat diets on pigeons susceptible and resistant to
      atherosclerosis.

PMID- 13693918
TI  - Dependence on substrate of the electrical potential across the isolated gut.

PMID- 13693919
TI  - Electrical potentials across isolated small intestine of the rat.

PMID- 13693920
TI  - Transport of monovalent anions by isolated small intestine of the rat.

PMID- 13693921
TI  - Transport of monovalent cations by the isolated small intestine of the rat.

PMID- 13693922
TI  - [Severe prognosis in some otorrheas in children].

PMID- 13693923
TI  - [Grave prognosis of some infantile otorrheas].

PMID- 13693924
TI  - Delirium tremens.

PMID- 13693925
TI  - [The effect of increased physical activity on the weight of the organs of albino
      mice. II. Quantitative studies on the pure-bred strain "Agnes Bluhm"].

PMID- 13693926
TI  - Meckel's diverticulum associated with carcinoid tumor.

PMID- 13693927
TI  - [New data on Simulium ruficorne Macq. in the Sahara].

PMID- 13693928
TI  - [Mosquitoes of Central Sahara].

PMID- 13693929
TI  - [Notes on Ceratopogonidae. XIII. Ceratopogonidae of the Ethiopian region].

PMID- 13693930
TI  - [Notes on Ceratopogonidae. XI. Ceratopoginidae of the Congo Republic].

PMID- 13693931
TI  - Liver tumors in infancy and childhood.

PMID- 13693932
TI  - [Experiments on the substitution of steam disinfection by aimed flowing
      disinfectant gases. II. An apparatus for testing bactericidal gases; basic
      questions].

PMID- 13693933
TI  - Breast disease and malignancy: review of 4190 cases.

PMID- 13693934
TI  - Problems of fixation for electron microscopy. Results of fixation with osmium
      tetroxide in acid and alkaline media.

PMID- 13693935
TI  - [Morphology and organization of nuclear constituents in a case of renal carcinoma
      in the mouse].

PMID- 13693936
TI  - [Diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis in adults].

PMID- 13693937
TI  - [Some reflections on the food habits of man. Apropos of the nutritional education
      of populations].

PMID- 13693938
TI  - [Considerations on blood protein values in malignant tumors].

PMID- 13693939
TI  - [Recto-sigmoid carcinoma in the young].

PMID- 13693940
TI  - [On a case of hematogenic primary muscular tuberculosis of the pectoral muscle].

PMID- 13693941
TI  - The transport and laboratory culture of snail intermediate hosts of Schistosoma
      haematobium.

PMID- 13693942
TI  - Treatment of ulcerative lesions of the oral cavity with gamma globulin.

PMID- 13693943
TI  - [On an unusual localization and course of bronchial adenoma].

PMID- 13693945
TI  - [The current status of encephalitis].

PMID- 13693944
TI  - [Research on the chitinase action of the insectkilling fungus, Beauveria bassiana
      (Bals.) Vuill].

PMID- 13693946
TI  - [The origin of a spinal paraplegic syndrome in military tuberculosis].

PMID- 13693947
TI  - [Clinical experiences with a fat emulsion for parenteral nutrition].

PMID- 13693948
TI  - [Bretylium tosylate (darenthin) a new hypotensive agent].

PMID- 13693949
TI  - [Increased incidence of renal papillary necrosis in autopsy material].

PMID- 13693950
TI  - [Papillitis necroticans of the kidneys in rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 13693951
TI  - Comparative histochemical investigations of ameloblastomas and enamel organs.

PMID- 13693952
TI  - Quantity and quality of final products other than milk--nonruminants (pigs).

PMID- 13693953
TI  - [Long-term anticoagulant treatment after acute coronary occulusion. Material with
      complete comparison with control material].

PMID- 13693954
TI  - [On the use of Marcumar and Dicumarol in long-term treatment. (Comparative
      studies)].

PMID- 13693955
TI  - Transferrin in normal cerebrospinal fluid.

PMID- 13693956
TI  - Immunoelectrophoretic investigations of normal and pathologic cerebrospinal
      fluids. Their correlation with findings in human serum.

PMID- 13693957
TI  - Proteins in normal cerebrospinal fluid not found in serum.

PMID- 13693958
TI  - The serum proteins in normal and pathological spinal fluids.

PMID- 13693959
TI  - [Long-term anticoagulant treatment of patients recovered from heart infarct].

PMID- 13693960
TI  - Mutation of a beta-haemolytic streptococcus strain of group O.

PMID- 13693961
TI  - Reflections of a division surgeon.

PMID- 13693962
TI  - [The use of neutral pharmacodynamic substances: the so-called placebo problem].

PMID- 13693964
TI  - [Mode of work and results of a cytological test center connected with the
      clinic].

PMID- 13693963
TI  - [Variation of the adenosine nucleotide content of the rat uterus under the
      influence of adrenaline].

PMID- 13693965
TI  - Assisted circulation. I. The arterial counterpulsator.

PMID- 13693966
TI  - [Infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffey's disease)].

PMID- 13693967
TI  - [Physiological aspects of the placental barrier].

PMID- 13693968
TI  - [Present concept of placental anatomy].

PMID- 13693969
TI  - [Determinism of bilateral symmetry in birds. II. Influence of the "position" of
      the ovum in the uterus on the orientation of the embryo].

PMID- 13693970
TI  - [Determinism of bilateral symmetry in birds. III. Influence of the position of
      the axis of the ovum in the uterus on the orientation of the embryo].

PMID- 13693971
TI  - [Determinism of bilateral symmetry in birds. IV. Existnce of a critical phase for
      symmetrization of the egg. Its stage].

PMID- 13693972
TI  - [Do we at last have a therapy of the head cold?].

PMID- 13693974
TI  - [The treatment of dry dermatoses at Uriage].

PMID- 13693973
TI  - [The treatment of acne at Uriage].

PMID- 13693975
TI  - [Fibroblastic sarcoma of the myocardium].

PMID- 13693976
TI  - [Cytomegalic inclusion disease with multiple localizations].

PMID- 13693977
TI  - [Origin and anatomical aspects of secondary tumors of the heart].

PMID- 13693978
TI  - [Demons-Meigs syndrome and struma ovarii].

PMID- 13693979
TI  - [On a case of pancreatic sarcoma].

PMID- 13693980
TI  - [Apropos of the anatomical diagnosis of primary pleural tumor. 10 cases].

PMID- 13693981
TI  - [Acute polynuclear myocarditis. 4 cases].

PMID- 13693982
TI  - [Anatomoclinical study of 3 cases of biliary cirrhosis in children].

PMID- 13693983
TI  - [Apropos of some anatomoclinical aspects of adrenal tuberculosis].

PMID- 13693985
TI  - Intestinal obstruction of the newborn.

PMID- 13693984
TI  - [Fungal septicemia. 2 anatomoclinical cases].

PMID- 13693986
TI  - Surgical removal of liver flukes from the common bile duct.

PMID- 13693987
TI  - A nutritional requirement for asexual reproduction of hydra.

PMID- 13693988
TI  - Presence of Se75 in rat saliva after intracardiac injection of radioactive sodium
      selenite.

PMID- 13693989
TI  - Stimulation of lactic starter cultures by filtrates from milk cultures of
      Pseudomonas fluorescens.

PMID- 13693990
TI  - Caesarean section--a lethal operation?

PMID- 13693991
TI  - The measurement of cancer survival by a hospital registry.

PMID- 13693992
TI  - Listeria monocytogenes meningitis: brief review of the literature and report of
      case.

PMID- 13693993
TI  - A study of malabsorption after resection of the entire jejunum and the proximal
      half of the ileum.
AB  - Biochemical, haematological, and radiological investigations are reported in a
      young child in whom nearly 80% of the small intestine was resected. The prognosis
      in a child after such extensive resection is probably better than in an adult, as
      natural growth can still occur with the expectation of greater adaptability as
      well as of increased length of the remaining segments.

PMID- 13693994
TI  - Implantation of radioactive yttrium in the pituitary fossa of the guinea pig.

PMID- 13693995
TI  - The eternal swab.

PMID- 13693996
TI  - Toxicity studies with octafluorocyclobutane.

PMID- 13693997
TI  - The handling of workmen's compensation claims. Problem presented to directors of
      departments of industrial relations.

PMID- 13693998
TI  - The role of intestinal symbionts in the sterol metabolism of Blattella germanica.

PMID- 13693999
TI  - Absorption spectra of bacterial chromatophores at temperatures from 300 degrees K
      to 'I degree K.

PMID- 13694000
TI  - Role of H2O2 in the photooxidative killing of blue-green mutants of
      Rhodopseudomonas spheroides.

PMID- 13694001
TI  - Storage facilities for radioactive materials: practical homemade units.

PMID- 13694002
TI  - Farm injuries in Dane County. Wisconsin. An epidemiological study.

PMID- 13694003
TI  - Nevoxanthoendothelioma (juvenile xanthogranuloma) of the iris. Diagnosis by
      biopsy and treatment with x-ray.

PMID- 13694004
TI  - Nevoxanthoendothelioma (juvenile xanthogranuloma) of the iris. Diagnosis by
      biopsy and treatment with x-rays.

PMID- 13694005
TI  - Effect of trypsin on a susceptible strain of influenza A virus.

PMID- 13694006
TI  - The mystery of the swimming pool.

PMID- 13694008
TI  - Converting numerical x-ray files to terminal-digit files.

PMID- 13694007
TI  - Accident fatalities in Colorado.

PMID- 13694009
TI  - Effect of 9 alpha-fluoro-11 beta-hydroxy-17-methyl-testosterone ('Ultandren') on
      the testis of the immature rat.

PMID- 13694010
TI  - Further studies on artificial cryptorchidism: quantitative changes in the
      interstitial cells of the rat testis.

PMID- 13694011
TI  - Blood trehalose and flight metabolism in the blowfly.
AB  - The concentration of trehalose in the blood of Phormia regina was found to
      determine the rate of energy expenditure during flight as reflected in
      measurements of the wing-beat frequency. Fat body was found to be the source of
      blood trehalose; either endogenous or exogenous substrates are used for its
      synthesis.

PMID- 13694012
TI  - Balance studies on peanut biscuit in the treatment of kwashiorkor.

PMID- 13694013
TI  - The availability of lysine in groundnut biscuits used in the treatment of
      kwashiorkor.

PMID- 13694014
TI  - Medical service corps career planning.

PMID- 13694015
TI  - A comparison of the historical roots and developments in medicine and psychiatry
      as they affect research.

PMID- 13694016
TI  - Hazards and hindrances in psychiatric research.

PMID- 13694017
TI  - The frequency of the Wr-a, By and Mg blood group antigens in blood donors in the
      south of England.

PMID- 13694018
TI  - The inheritance of the antigen Sw-a, and evidence for its independence of other
      blood group systems.

PMID- 13694019
TI  - The effect of institutional tours on attitudes of high school seniors.

PMID- 13694020
TI  - Studies of embryonic bone transplantation. (Preliminary report).

PMID- 13694021
TI  - Deoxyribonucleic acid content of nuclei dividing amitotically.

PMID- 13694022
TI  - The S-factor situation in a small sample of an Oenothera (Raimannia) heterophylla
      population.

PMID- 13694023
TI  - Repair of ventricular septal defect following indirect trauma.

PMID- 13694024
TI  - The provision of appropriate treatment: the patient's social community.

PMID- 13694025
TI  - Public relations in purchasing.

PMID- 13694026
TI  - Scoring and analysis of multiple-choice examinations.

PMID- 13694027
TI  - Transmission and reflection of high explosive shock waves in bone.

PMID- 13694028
TI  - Transmission of elastic disturbances caused by air shock waves in a living body.

PMID- 13694029
TI  - Hiatal hernia in bronchial asthma.

PMID- 13694030
TI  - Hiatal hernia in bronchial asthma: the importance of concomitant pulmonary
      emphysema.

PMID- 13694031
TI  - Hiatal hernia and cardiac incompetence in bronchial asthma. An endoscopic study
      on 50 patients suffering from bronchial asthma.

PMID- 13694032
TI  - [Studies on the blood vessels of human spinal cord].

PMID- 13694033
TI  - [A contribution to the histology of the internal spinal venous plexus].

PMID- 13694035
TI  - [A test of psychomotor learning. Influence of age and other factors on its
      results].

PMID- 13694034
TI  - A case of juvenile pernicious anemia: study of the effects of folic acid and
      vitamin B12.

PMID- 13694036
TI  - [Research on the esterification of cholesterol during absorption].

PMID- 13694037
TI  - [The scalenus anticus syndrome].

PMID- 13694038
TI  - Aeromonas hydrophila (Pseudomonas hydrophila) NRC 491 and NRC 492 established as
      Aerobacter cloacae.

PMID- 13694039
TI  - Effects of freezing, freeze-drying, and storage in the freeze-dried and frozen
      state on viability of Escherichia coli cells.

PMID- 13694040
TI  - [Para- or juxtalaryngeal cyst in infants].

PMID- 13694041
TI  - [The paralyses of antirabies vaccination].

PMID- 13694042
TI  - [Adrenal-pituitary hormones in the treatment of rheumatoid diseases].

PMID- 13694043
TI  - [The flocculating action of bilirubin on protein-solutions in the presence of
      electrolytes and its physico-chemical mechanism].

PMID- 13694044
TI  - [Functional examination of the liver].

PMID- 13694045
TI  - [Functional exploration of the liver].

PMID- 13694046
TI  - The vitamin D intake of Australian infants and the incidence of idiopathic
      hypercalcaemia and nutritional rickets.

PMID- 13694047
TI  - Nutrition in maternal and infant feeding.

PMID- 13694048
TI  - Pulmonary surface tension and alveolar stability.

PMID- 13694049
TI  - Pulmonary surface tension and alveolar stability.

PMID- 13694050
TI  - Pulmonary edema and permeability of alveolar membranes.

PMID- 13694052
TI  - The secretory cycle of iodoproteins in ammocoetes. II. A radioautographic study
      of the transforming larval thyroid gland.

PMID- 13694053
TI  - Apparatus for controlled infusion of saline in angiography and contrast medium in
      lymphography.

PMID- 13694051
TI  - The secretory cycle of iodoproteins in ammocoetes. I. A radioautographic time
      study of the subpharyngeal gland.

PMID- 13694054
TI  - [The human factor in air-conditioning].

PMID- 13694056
TI  - Value received.

PMID- 13694055
TI  - The approved public health laboratory system in New York State.

PMID- 13694057
TI  - Therapeutic trends in the treatment of barbiturate poisoning. The Scandinavian
      method.

PMID- 13694058
TI  - [On iatrogenic disability].

PMID- 13694059
TI  - Cancer incidence in Denmark 1953 to 1957. Basic figures.

PMID- 13694060
TI  - Distribution of leukaemia in some European countries compared with U.S.A.

PMID- 13694061
TI  - [Planning for catastrophes. Draft of a peacetime catastrophe plan for a
      hospital].

PMID- 13694062
TI  - Tumour promotion by the neutral fraction of cigarette smoke.

PMID- 13694063
TI  - Trimeprazine agranulocytosis. Report of a case.

PMID- 13694064
TI  - The anatomical and physiological effects of prenatally administered somatotrophin
      on cerebral development in rats.

PMID- 13694065
TI  - Impartial medical testimony.

PMID- 13694066
TI  - [Paradoxical increase in the maternal antibodies with an Rh negative child].

PMID- 13694067
TI  - [400 cases of nasal sinusitis in adults and children. Treatment by specific
      desensitization].

PMID- 13694068
TI  - [Brief study of the physiological role of tryptophan].

PMID- 13694069
TI  - Oxidative phosphorylation and amino acid incorporation into protein in
      regenerating rat liver.

PMID- 13694070
TI  - [A method for the measurement of the respiratory and minute volumes in patients
      under anesthesia with spontaneous respiration].

PMID- 13694071
TI  - [Clinical results of the use of 21-hydroxypregnane-3, 20-dione sodium succinate
      in gynecology].

PMID- 13694072
TI  - [The bunch-of-grapes test by means of color drawing. Comparison with the
      Rorschach test].

PMID- 13694073
TI  - Cycle of the seminiferous epithelium of the guinea pig. A method for
      identification of the stages.

PMID- 13694074
TI  - [Health education in the hospital].

PMID- 13694075
TI  - Small-cell carcinoma of the colon and rectum. A clinicopathologic study.

PMID- 13694076
TI  - Two typical hereditary charts of congenital factor VII deficiency.

PMID- 13694077
TI  - Assay of substance P on the fowl rectal caecum.
AB  - The optimum conditions for the assay of substance P on fowl rectal caecum have
      been studied. Effective concentrations vary from 0.01 to 0.5 u./ml.; it is
      remarkably insensitive to other polypeptides, such as bradykinin. The test can be
      made more specific by using a bath fluid containing antagonists for known
      interfering substances. A suitable antagonist for acetylcholine is atropine or
      hyoscine, for 5-hydroxytryptamine, methysergide and for catecholamines,
      ephedrine. The effects of histamine and adenosine compounds can be abolished by
      specific tachyphylaxis, in which the bath fluid contains an excess of the active
      substance itself. The assay is reasonably accurate. Woolf's index of precision
      (L) was estimated as 15.5 with a range (9) of 9.2 to 29.4. Simplified methods of
      calculating L, and the fiducial range, are described.

PMID- 13694078
TI  - Peritoneal dialysis in renal failure.

PMID- 13694079
TI  - Inherited variations in human serum proteins: studies on the group-specific
      component.

PMID- 13694080
TI  - "Masquerades:" homicide, suicide, accident or natural death.

PMID- 13694081
TI  - [Induction of puff changes in the salivary gland chromosomes of Chironomus
      tentans by ecdysone].

PMID- 13694082
TI  - [The "Dijksigt" communal hospital at Rotterdam].

PMID- 13694084
TI  - [The community hospital "Dijkzigt" at Rotterdam. II. Nursing unit].

PMID- 13694083
TI  - [The communal "Dijkzigt" hospital in Rotterdam].

PMID- 13694085
TI  - [The new Diaconessenhuis at Breda].

PMID- 13694086
TI  - A degeneration study of the somaesthetic afferent systems in the marsupial
      phalanger, Trichosurus vulpecula.

PMID- 13694087
TI  - The prosthetic group of cytochrome oxidase. 2. Chemistry of porphyrin alpha.

PMID- 13694088
TI  - [Poisoning by promethazine (Phenergan)].

PMID- 13694089
TI  - Acidic peptides of the lens. 6. Metabolism of gamma-glutamyl peptides in
      subcellular fractions of rabbit liver.

PMID- 13694090
TI  - Acidic peptides of the lens. 7. The preparative enzymic synthesis of ophthalmic
      acid.

PMID- 13694091
TI  - The mechanism of the glyoxalase I reaction, and the effect of ophthalmic acid as
      an inhibitor.

PMID- 13694092
TI  - The use of chaetotaxy in the identification of larval ticks (Acarina: Ioxodidae).

PMID- 13694093
TI  - Pentobarbital anesthesia in lions with special reference to preanesthetic
      medication.

PMID- 13694094
TI  - Intraventricular administration of a new derivative of polymyxin B in meningitis
      due to Ps. pyocyanea.

PMID- 13694095
TI  - Sound in cardiac diagnosis.

PMID- 13694096
TI  - Connecticut's medical profession plays its part in promoting the health of the
      school-age child. II.

PMID- 13694097
TI  - Connecticut's medical profession plays its part in promoting the health of the
      school-age child. III.

PMID- 13694098
TI  - Connecticut's medical profession plays its part in promoting the health of the
      school-age child. IV. The direction the medical profession may move: communicate
      with educators for a common stake in the atomic age.

PMID- 13694099
TI  - Nitrogen-mustard therapy combined with autologous marrow infusion.

PMID- 13694100
TI  - Acute traumatic head injuries.

PMID- 13694101
TI  - Malignant disease of the nose, paranasal sinuses and post-nasal space in East
      Africa.

PMID- 13694102
TI  - The effect of hyperlipemia on pulmonary metastases of Walker 256 carcinosarcoma
      in the rat.

PMID- 13694103
TI  - Cancer cells in the blood in simulated colon cancer, resectable and unresectable:
      effect of fibrinolysin and heparin on growth potential.

PMID- 13694104
TI  - The effect of nitrogen mustard on circulating cancer cells and pulmonary
      metastases from an experimental cecal carcinoma.

PMID- 13694105
TI  - Inhibition of fibrinolysis by hyperlipemia.

PMID- 13694106
TI  - Management of pulmonary complications of surgical operations (primarily
      atelectasis) with pancreatic dornase inhalation.

PMID- 13694107
TI  - Pancreatic deoxyribonuclease (dornase) aerosol in treatment of bronchopulmonary
      complications and tracheitis sicca.

PMID- 13694108
TI  - Carcinoma of the lung: its etiology, diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 13694109
TI  - Fibrinolysin as an agent for treatment of thromboembolic accidents.

PMID- 13694110
TI  - Fibrinolytic agents.

PMID- 13694111
TI  - Fibrinolytic enzymes in thromboembolic disorders.

PMID- 13694112
TI  - Mechanism of formation of vascular thrombosis and its treatment with
      fibrinolysin.

PMID- 13694113
TI  - Bone marrow grafts.

PMID- 13694115
TI  - Oxidative assimilation of glucose and endogenous respiration of Bacillus cereus.

PMID- 13694114
TI  - Endogenous respiration of Bacillus cereus.
AB  - Clifton, C. E. (Stanford University, Stanford, Calif.), and J. M. Sobek.
      Endogenous respiration of Bacillus cereus. J. Bacteriol. 82:252-256. 1961.-The
      endogenous respiration of washed cells of Bacillus cereus varies with the nature
      of the growth medium and with time. The respiratory quotient of cells harvested
      from nutrient agar remained quite constant around 1.00 over a 2-hr period of
      respiration, whereas that of cells grown on glucose-nutrient agar decreased from
      0.97 for the first hour to 0.87 for the second hour. Considerable amounts of
      ammonia were formed, the number of moles per mole of oxygen consumed decreasing
      with time for agar-grown cells and increasing for glucose-grown ones.C(14)
      labeled, agar-grown cells utilized materials insoluble in cold or hot 5%
      trichloroacetic acid, ethanol, or chloroform as their endogenous substrate, the
      same behavior being noted with glucose-grown cells except that they utilized both
      hot trichloroacetic-soluble and -insoluble materials. These results indicate that
      the bulk of the endogenous substrates are chemically complex and, at least in
      part, are nitrogenous in character.

PMID- 13694116
TI  - Changes in hormone sensitivity of pituitary mammotropes during progression from
      normal to autonomous.

PMID- 13694117
TI  - Atypical cells in the blood stream--benign or malignant?

PMID- 13694118
TI  - Diffuse sudanophilic cerebral sclerosis. Report of a case with unusual
      termination.

PMID- 13694119
TI  - A film test of clinical skills in medical students.

PMID- 13694120
TI  - The generality of accuracy of interpersonal perception.

PMID- 13694121
TI  - [Effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine (enteramine) on the cerebral circulation of the
      cat].

PMID- 13694122
TI  - The separation of the smooth-muscle stimulants in menstrual fluid.

PMID- 13694123
TI  - [Comparative study of atherosclerotics with low blood cholesterol and high blood
      cholesterol].

PMID- 13694124
TI  - [Study of the lipid constituents of the serum in hyper- and hypothyroidism].

PMID- 13694125
TI  - [Electrocardiographic signs of the action of digitalis on the diseased heart].

PMID- 13694126
TI  - [How to treat cellulitis].

PMID- 13694127
TI  - [Use of an iodinated heparin in vascular pathology].

PMID- 13694128
TI  - [Electroencephalographic study of the encephalopathic syndrome of cirrhosis].

PMID- 13694129
TI  - [Electroencephalographical study of hepatic encephalopathy].

PMID- 13694130
TI  - [On alteration of bromsulfophthalein excretion in the bile of rats after
      prolonged chlorpromazine administration].

PMID- 13694131
TI  - [Modifications of the coronary syndrome following ligation of the internal
      mammary artery].

PMID- 13694132
TI  - [Action of phenetamine on peripheral arterial disorders].

PMID- 13694133
TI  - [Modern respiratory resuscitation].

PMID- 13694134
TI  - [The ocular signs of chronic respiratory insufficiency].

PMID- 13694136
TI  - Hepatic coma.

PMID- 13694137
TI  - Magnesium deficiency.

PMID- 13694135
TI  - Adaptive functions of circadian rhythms.

PMID- 13694138
TI  - Leaks in standard sealed teletherapy sources.

PMID- 13694139
TI  - Delayed traumatic dislocation of the cervical spine.

PMID- 13694140
TI  - The clinical significance of the sinu-vertebral nerve of the cervical spine in
      relation to the cervical disk syndrome.

PMID- 13694141
TI  - Treatment of acute fractures and fracture-dislocations of the cervical spine by
      vertebral-body fusion. A report of eleven cases.

PMID- 13694142
TI  - Extracorporeal maintenance of circulation and respiration.

PMID- 13694143
TI  - Colicine factors as fertility factors in bacteria: Escherichia coli K-12.

PMID- 13694144
TI  - Staphylococcal infection.

PMID- 13694145
TI  - Staphylococcal infections.

PMID- 13694146
TI  - Variation in the behaviour of different genotypes of Drosophila towards
      odoriferous vegetable oils.

PMID- 13694147
TI  - Electroencephalography.

PMID- 13694148
TI  - Pain and the barbiturates.

PMID- 13694149
TI  - The importance of the central nervous effects of anaesthetic agents.

PMID- 13694150
TI  - The medical management of primary hypophysectomy for recurrent carcinoma of the
      breast and acromegaly.

PMID- 13694151
TI  - [Comparative study of the bactericidal effect of combinations of antibiotics with
      a colistine base on Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonadaceae].

PMID- 13694152
TI  - [Results of the bacteriostatic activity "in vitro" of 15 antibiotics on 220
      strains belonging to 10 bacterial species].

PMID- 13694153
TI  - [Results of the bacteriostatic activity "in vitro" of 15 antibiotics on 220
      strains belonging to 10 bacterial species].

PMID- 13694154
TI  - [Comparison of the bactericidal power of associations of antibiotics within the
      erythromycin-spiramycin-carbomycin-oleandomycin group on pathogenic
      staphylococci].

PMID- 13694155
TI  - Chloroquine treatment for malaria in semi-immune patients.

PMID- 13694156
TI  - Malaria control of Tanganyika under the German Administration. II. Mass
      chemoprophylaxis in Dar es Salaam.

PMID- 13694157
TI  - Prolonged malaria prophylaxis through pyrimethamine in mothers' milk.

PMID- 13694158
TI  - Tasteless chloroquine preparations.

PMID- 13694159
TI  - Fluorescent-stainable antibodies to the Eaton agent in human primary atypical
      pneumonia transmission studies.

PMID- 13694160
TI  - Rates of the reactions of nitrogen atoms with oxygen and with nitric oxide.

PMID- 13694161
TI  - Psychotherapy and the GP.

PMID- 13694162
TI  - Undergraduate teaching in comprehensive medicine.

PMID- 13694163
TI  - Respiratory sinus arrhythmia: laws derived from computer simulation.

PMID- 13694164
TI  - Unidirectional rate sensitivity: a biocybernetic law of reflex and humoral
      systems as physiologic channels of control and communication.

PMID- 13694165
TI  - [Development of perception during pilot training].

PMID- 13694166
TI  - [Anesthesia in surgical out-patient departments].

PMID- 13694167
TI  - "Time".

PMID- 13694168
TI  - Basic forms of covariation and concomitance designs.

PMID- 13694169
TI  - Deoxypentose nucleic acids. XV. The sedimentation of calf thymus deoxyribonucleic
      acid in 95 per cent ethanol.

PMID- 13694170
TI  - The effect of a rachitogenic factor on calcium metabolism in chicks.

PMID- 13694171
TI  - Vitamin D3 and absorption of calcium in the chick.

PMID- 13694172
TI  - Postanaesthetic death from phaeochromocytoma without hypertension.

PMID- 13694173
TI  - Results of treatment in phenylketonuria.

PMID- 13694174
TI  - Transmission of the M strain of Plasmodium cynomolgi to man.

PMID- 13694175
TI  - Effect of a diet deficient in Factor 3, vitamin E and cystine on the course of
      Plasmodium berghei infections in mice.

PMID- 13694176
TI  - Cardiovascular diseases in international perspective.

PMID- 13694177
TI  - A method of producing an experimental duodenal fistula.

PMID- 13694178
TI  - Treatment of clinical fat embolism with heparin.

PMID- 13694179
TI  - Clinical evaluation of the radioisotope renogram.

PMID- 13694180
TI  - Trachoma among Southwestern Indians.

PMID- 13694181
TI  - Comparative chemotherapy studies on primary short-term cultures of human normal,
      benign, and malignant tumor tissues--a five-year study.

PMID- 13694182
TI  - Effect of heterologous, homologous, and autologous serums on human normal and
      malignant cells in vitro.

PMID- 13694183
TI  - Subperiosteal vitallium implants in dogs.

PMID- 13694184
TI  - Circulatory effects of chronic hypervolemia in polycythemia vera.

PMID- 13694185
TI  - Cornelius Nathaniel DORSETTE, M D, 1852-97.

PMID- 13694186
TI  - Saint Agnes Hospital, Raleigh, North Carolina, 1896-1961.

PMID- 13694187
TI  - Malaria in the partially immune adult Nigerian.

PMID- 13694188
TI  - A new form of stabilized peroxide as a chemotherapeutic agent.

PMID- 13694189
TI  - [The activity of the ferments lipase, amylase and phosphatase in deeply frozen
      grade 1 milk].

PMID- 13694190
TI  - [Use of the latex fixation test (modified) in the diagnosis of rheumatoid
      arthritis].

PMID- 13694191
TI  - Developmental aspects of thought disturbance in schizophrenic children: a
      Rorschach study.

PMID- 13694192
TI  - Some observations on the reactivity of the rheumatic subject.

PMID- 13694193
TI  - Susceptibility to rheumatic disease.

PMID- 13694194
TI  - The continuous association of poverty with intensity of rheumatic manifestations.

PMID- 13694195
TI  - Adolescence.

PMID- 13694196
TI  - Antiviral activity of 4-aminopteroylglutamic acid on vaccinia virus in tissue
      cultures.

PMID- 13694198
TI  - [Recent contributions on the biology of viruses].

PMID- 13694197
TI  - [Recent contributions on the adenoviruses. Note 3. Laboratory research)].

PMID- 13694199
TI  - [Radiotherapy of carcinoma of the lips (Zurich experiences from 1920 to 1958)].

PMID- 13694200
TI  - [Experiences and treatment results in Zurich of screen irradiation (200 kV) in
      comparison with treatment without screens (200 kV and 31 MeV)].

PMID- 13694201
TI  - [Radiotherapy of bronchial tumors. Zurich experiences with the 31-MeV-betatron
      1952-1959].

PMID- 13694203
TI  - [Treatment of the bladder with the betatron and intravesical treatment with
      radiocobalt].

PMID- 13694202
TI  - [Radiotherapy of malignant tumors of the nasal cavity and nasal sinuses (except
      the maxillary sinus)].

PMID- 13694204
TI  - [Our experience with anesthesia in portal hypertension].

PMID- 13694205
TI  - [The behavior of the plasma fibrinolytic activity and some blood coagulation
      factors following thoracic surgery].

PMID- 13694206
TI  - [On the use of a new vasodilator with elective action in the treatment of
      disorders of the coronary circulation. Clinical and electrocardiographic
      evaluation].

PMID- 13694207
TI  - [Cardiac complications of electrocution. Apropos of a clinical case].

PMID- 13694208
TI  - Animal bites in Israel. An epidemiological analysis with special reference to the
      problem of rabies.

PMID- 13694209
TI  - The epidemiology of human leptospirosis in Israel 1949-1957.

PMID- 13694210
TI  - Effects of administration of L-thyroxin on liver N-demethylating activity in
      normal and morphine-treated rats.

PMID- 13694211
TI  - Further studies on cross-resistance in the German cockroach.
AB  - Four strains of German cockroaches have been exposed to a variety of insecticides
      in an effort to obtain more information on the cross-resistance phenomenon in
      this species. The insecticides chlordane, aldrin, and lindane were each tested
      against chlordane-resistant, lindane-resistant, and non-resistant strains. The
      insecticides diazinon and Sevin were each tested against DDT-resistant, chlordane
      resistant, and non-resistant strains. Adult females were used exclusively in
      these tests. The data are presented in the form of regression lines.The results
      show that the DDT-resistant strain is highly resistant to Sevin but is
      susceptible to diazinon, while the chlordane-resistant strain is susceptible to
      both of these compounds. Furthermore, the chlordane- and the lindane-resistant
      strains are both highly resistant to chlordane and to aldrin, but show only low
      level resistance to lindane.The over-all picture of cross-resistance between
      insecticidal groups in the German cockroach is still one of relative simplicity.
      At the present time the only real exception is that reported in this paper: the
      DDT-resistant strain was found to be resistant to the carbamate insecticide
      Sevin.

PMID- 13694212
TI  - Direct infrared spectral analysis of the cucumber mosaic virus infection process.

PMID- 13694213
TI  - The story of Hope Hospital.

PMID- 13694214
TI  - The role of mathematics in the medical sciences.

PMID- 13694215
TI  - Pulmonary ventilatory functions of coalminers in various areas in relation to the
      x-ray category of pneumoconiosis.

PMID- 13694216
TI  - The prognostic value of radiological classification in cases of progressive
      massive fibrosis.

PMID- 13694217
TI  - The radiographic progression of progressive massive fibrosis.

PMID- 13694218
TI  - [The fluorescent antibody technic. Applications to microbiology and to the Arthus
      phenomenon].

PMID- 13694219
TI  - A review of a physician's work in a community medical service.

PMID- 13694220
TI  - Dimorphous leprosy.

PMID- 13694221
TI  - Cystic fibrosis of the pancreas.

PMID- 13694222
TI  - Anatomy and physiology of the newborn related to anaesthesia.

PMID- 13694223
TI  - Chromatographic analysis of infectious ribonucleic acid from poliovirus.

PMID- 13694225
TI  - Eradication of infectious diseases.

PMID- 13694224
TI  - Newer concepts in the management of tetanus.
AB  - The problem of tetanus in California is reemphasized. The addition of new drugs
      holds promise that the mortality and morbidity in pediatric tetanus will be
      reduced. Illustrative cases are presented to emphasize this changing concept.
      Diagnosis and treatment are outlined. Meprobamate is incorporated in the three
      phase treatment plan discussed.Further evaluation of this drug is essential with
      emphasis on establishment of pediatric dosage schedules and to further confirm
      reliability.

PMID- 13694227
TI  - Deaths from whooping cough in England and Wales in 1958 and 1959.

PMID- 13694226
TI  - The origin of the treponematoses.
AB  - An attempt is made to explain along Darwinian lines the steps by which the
      treponematoses evolved and how they came to have their present distributions and
      characteristics. The original ancestors of the treponemes would have been free
      living organisms, but various forms of symbiosis with larger creatures would in
      time lead to the development of parasitism with varying degrees of pathogenicity.
      Modern man may have acquired his treponemes from his ungeneralized primate
      ancestors and taken them with him on his migrations over the world. Isolation of
      man in different continents, especially after the end of the Ice Age, would lead
      to speciation in both man and his parasites; this would account for the features
      of pinta in Central America. Ecological isolations would produce syphilis and
      yaws, the latter being successful in warm areas where no clothes were worn or
      overcrowding was gross, and syphilis being successful in colder climates but not
      in endemic yaws areas where so many people were immune by puberty.A syphilis
      organism has little chance of survival if it fails to infect the genitalia. This
      is perhaps the reason for congenital infections in that disease. The organotropic
      properties of syphilis treponemes may be the results of repeated passage through
      the foetus; the conditions for survival in the foetus are much different from
      those in the mother, so that organotropic rather than genitotropic strains would
      be selected.

PMID- 13694228
TI  - Changes after prolonged exposure to sunlight. A study of factors influencing
      actinic degeneration.

PMID- 13694229
TI  - Hypothermia as a therapeutic adjunct in management of bacteremic shock after
      urological surgery.

PMID- 13694230
TI  - Case against the catheter (E. COUDE).

PMID- 13694231
TI  - Use of refrigerated solutions during transurethral surgery.

PMID- 13694232
TI  - Use of refrigerated solutions during transurethral surgery.

PMID- 13694233
TI  - An experimental study: an apparatus for regional kidney hypothermia.

PMID- 13694235
TI  - Suggestions for avoiding malpractice suits.

PMID- 13694234
TI  - The chemical basis of the virulence of Pasteurella pestis. II. The toxicity for
      guinea-pigs and mice of products of Past, pestis.

PMID- 13694236
TI  - Medical treatment of mycetoma.

PMID- 13694237
TI  - [Auxological data on children with sequelae of Heine-Medin's disease].

PMID- 13694238
TI  - [Clinico-statistical considerations on the incidence of rickets in children
      examined in the ambulatorium of the Instituto during the last decade].

PMID- 13694239
TI  - [Contribution to the study and prevention of Chagas' disease in the state of Sao
      Paulo].

PMID- 13694240
TI  - [Contribution to the study and prophylaxis of schistosomiasis mansoni in the
      state of Sao Paulo].

PMID- 13694241
TI  - [Notes on some endocrine and metabolic effects of 6-methyl-Delta-1-hydrocortisone
      (6-methyl-prednisolone)].

PMID- 13694242
TI  - [Biographical sketch of Dr. Fernando R. RUIZ].

PMID- 13694243
TI  - [The history of medicine as material for advancement].

PMID- 13694245
TI  - Neurogenic ossifying fibromyositis in paraplegia: a case report.

PMID- 13694244
TI  - The binding of ferric ion to native and chemically modified human serum albumin
      in the presence of sodium citrate.

PMID- 13694246
TI  - Absorption of water, sodium and potassium in small intestine of dogs.

PMID- 13694247
TI  - The simultaneous release of histamine and a histamine-destroving factor during
      anaphylaxis in rats.

PMID- 13694248
TI  - An experience in research as a part of medical graduate education.

PMID- 13694249
TI  - Stimulating effects of various foods on gastric-acid secretion.

PMID- 13694250
TI  - A new antiemetic for the treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with
      roentgen therapy.

PMID- 13694251
TI  - The production of trichophytin antigen in submerged culture of Trichophyton
      mentagrophytes.

PMID- 13694252
TI  - Some observations bearing on plasmid versus gene hypotheses for a conversion-type
      phenomenon.

PMID- 13694253
TI  - Volunteers learn how to play with children.

PMID- 13694254
TI  - In memoriam: Samuel W. DONALDSON, M.D. 1891-1961.

PMID- 13694255
TI  - Faecal incontinence in children.

PMID- 13694256
TI  - Faecal incontinence in children. The physical factor.

PMID- 13694257
TI  - Selective angiocardiography in the diagnosis of atrial septal defect (ostium
      secundum type).

PMID- 13694258
TI  - Tetralogy of Fallot. Angiocardiographic, electrocardiographic,
      vectorcardiographic and hemodynamic studies of the Fallot-type complex.

PMID- 13694260
TI  - [Cardiac changes in a particular form of paramyloidosis].

PMID- 13694261
TI  - Electrocardiogram and vectorcardiogram of ostium secundum and ostium primum.

PMID- 13694262
TI  - Electrocardiogram and vectorcardiogram of ostium secundum and ostium primum.

PMID- 13694263
TI  - [Disorders of intrahepatic portal circulation in cardiacs].

PMID- 13694264
TI  - [The mission of the university student and the training of the physician].

PMID- 13694265
TI  - [The spiritual mission of Albert Schweitzer. The physician and philosopher of
      Lambarene].

PMID- 13694266
TI  - [Ulcer of the leg].

PMID- 13694267
TI  - [Ruptured aneurysm of the terminal aorta].

PMID- 13694268
TI  - [Renal circulation].

PMID- 13694269
TI  - [Considerations on nervous lesions as the preponderant factor in the origin of
      plantar perforating diseases in supposed cases of leprosy].

PMID- 13694270
TI  - [Visceral lesions resulting from blunt traumas of the abdomen].

PMID- 13694271
TI  - [Importance of biochemical examinations in the diagnosis of myopathy].

PMID- 13694272
TI  - [Marinos GERULANOS, Athens, in memorium].

PMID- 13694274
TI  - Lysogeny in the genus Proteus. I. Incidence of lysogenic strains.

PMID- 13694273
TI  - The treatment of pleural effusion in Bantu mine labourers. A further therapeutic
      trial.

PMID- 13694275
TI  - Morphological variants of Proteus hauseri.

PMID- 13694276
TI  - Transduction of streptomycin resistance in Proteus mirabilis.

PMID- 13694278
TI  - Comments on sewage contamination of coastal bathing waters.

PMID- 13694277
TI  - Lysogenic conversion in the genus Proteus.

PMID- 13694279
TI  - Torsion of a myomatous uterus incarcerated in an umbilical hernia.

PMID- 13694280
TI  - [Trial therapy of atherosclerosis with medical physical culture].

PMID- 13694281
TI  - Experimental studies of the role of verbal processes in concept formation and
      problem solving.

PMID- 13694282
TI  - Animal hospital zoning problems.

PMID- 13694284
TI  - A national emergency: ways of meeting the physician shortage. I. The nature of
      the problem.

PMID- 13694283
TI  - Amphotericin B in disseminated cutaneous candidiasis.

PMID- 13694285
TI  - Ninth inning strategy.

PMID- 13694286
TI  - Reactive hyperemia characteristics of the myocardium.

PMID- 13694287
TI  - Wilburt C. DAVISON--the Dean and the friend.

PMID- 13694288
TI  - Orbital reaction to sponge (Ivalon) implant.

PMID- 13694289
TI  - Blood viscosity, serum hexosamine and diabetic retinopathy.

PMID- 13694290
TI  - Ganglioneuroma of chiasm and optic nerves.

PMID- 13694291
TI  - Retinal vascular patterns. IV. Diabetic retinopathy.

PMID- 13694292
TI  - Blackouts not obviously due to carotid occlusion.

PMID- 13694293
TI  - Hemianopia and associated symptoms due to parietotemporal lobe lesions.

PMID- 13694294
TI  - The watchdog committee.

PMID- 13694295
TI  - The philosophy of the American Cancer Society.

PMID- 13694296
TI  - Serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase activity as a prognostic aid following
      open heart surgery with cardiopulmonary by-pass: a preliminary report.

PMID- 13694297
TI  - Clinical evaluation of a new alkylating agent: cytoxan (cyclophosphamide).

PMID- 13694299
TI  - Movement of the heart during the period between the onset of ventricular
      excitation and the start of left ventricular ejection.

PMID- 13694298
TI  - The significance of gastritis.

PMID- 13694300
TI  - Canicola fevr in man from contact with infected pigs. Further observations.

PMID- 13694301
TI  - A national emergency: ways of meeting the physician shortage. II. The profession
      and its critics.

PMID- 13694302
TI  - [On some modifications of the plasmatic biochemical picture in healthy and
      atherosclerotic elderly persons].

PMID- 13694303
TI  - [Paper electrophoresis in asymmetrical alternating current].

PMID- 13694304
TI  - [The serum glycoproteins in old age].

PMID- 13694305
TI  - Endomeiosis in parthenogenetic lines of aphids.

PMID- 13694306
TI  - [Action of synthetic hypoglycemic agents on the glucose level in bulla fluid].

PMID- 13694307
TI  - [Sulfanylurea and hepatic damage in the normal rat and the rat with steatosis
      caused by carbon tetrachloride].

PMID- 13694308
TI  - [Synthetic hypoglycemic agents and cholecystographic findings in diabetes
      mellitus].

PMID- 13694309
TI  - [Recent research on bilirubin extractable in ether].

PMID- 13694310
TI  - [Skeletal lesions of the foot in diabetes mellitus. Significance and casuistic
      contribution].

PMID- 13694311
TI  - [Synthetic normoglycemic agents and hepatic damage].

PMID- 13694312
TI  - [Acute abdominal syndrome caused by spontaneous torsion of a primary
      mesothelioblastoma of the greater omentum].

PMID- 13694313
TI  - [The radiological diagnosis of bronchial carcinoma in antitubercular clinics].

PMID- 13694314
TI  - Carcinoma of aberrant breast of the axilla.

PMID- 13694315
TI  - Epiphora as the initial manifestation of a malignant nasopharyngeal tumor.

PMID- 13694316
TI  - The influenza virus hemagglutination inhibitors of normal rabbit serum. 1.
      Separation of the inhibitory components.

PMID- 13694317
TI  - Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with dexamethasone. Two hundred fifty-one
      patients treated for short and long periods.

PMID- 13694318
TI  - Vocal cues to the identification of language.

PMID- 13694319
TI  - Preliminary study of the effects of a strontium chloride dentifrice for the
      control of hypersensitive teeth.

PMID- 13694320
TI  - Protection of mice against Asian influenza-virus infection by a normal horse
      serum inhibitor.

PMID- 13694321
TI  - The treatment of osteoarthritis of the cervical vertebrae by paravertebral
      injections, 405 cases.

PMID- 13694322
TI  - The effect of intermittent positive pressure breathing and of bronchodilator
      drugs on alveolar nitrogen clearance in patients with chronic obstructive
      pulmonary emphysema.

PMID- 13694323
TI  - A survey of testicular tumors.

PMID- 13694324
TI  - Allergic manifestations in non-tuberculous chest diseases.

PMID- 13694325
TI  - Potentiation in vitro of corticotropin activity by an inactive derivative.

PMID- 13694326
TI  - Electron microscopic observations of the developing mouse eye. I. Basement
      membranes during early development and lens formation.

PMID- 13694327
TI  - The effect of cold exposure on hepatic acetate metabolism.

PMID- 13694329
TI  - Estimating the degree of schizophrenic pathology from recorded interview samples.

PMID- 13694328
TI  - The ultrastructure of the rods of the mouse retina.

PMID- 13694330
TI  - [Idiopathic hypercalcemia in infants].

PMID- 13694331
TI  - [Idiopathic hypercalcemia of the infant].

PMID- 13694332
TI  - [Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Still's disease].

PMID- 13694333
TI  - [Cooley's anemia. Thalassemia].

PMID- 13694334
TI  - [Acute diffuse glomerulonephritis].

PMID- 13694335
TI  - [Infantile rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 13694337
TI  - [Pyelonephritis in the child].

PMID- 13694336
TI  - [Primary acute myocarditis in the child].

PMID- 13694338
TI  - Involutionary sclerosis and diastolic hypertension. Effect of environmental
      change.

PMID- 13694340
TI  - Prevalence of diabetes among different ethnic Jewish groups in Israel.

PMID- 13694339
TI  - Effect of change in environment on the prevalence of diabetes among Yemenite and
      Kurdish communities.

PMID- 13694341
TI  - Cognitive tuning as a factor affecting impression formation.

PMID- 13694342
TI  - Ultrastructural abnormalities in Whipple's disease.

PMID- 13694343
TI  - Electron microscopic observations of the spleen during the induction of
      experimental amyloidosis in the rabbit.

PMID- 13694344
TI  - Electroencephalographic and convulsive responses of patients with brain disease
      to methetharimide.

PMID- 13694345
TI  - The use of radioactive materials in dental research.

PMID- 13694347
TI  - Fat excretion in dogs lacking both bile and pancreatic juice.

PMID- 13694346
TI  - Combined sernyl and sensory deprivation.

PMID- 13694348
TI  - Antihypertensive therapy with fixed mixtures of hypotensive agents:
      methyclothiazide-cryptenamine and methyclothiazide-cryptenamine-reserpine
      combinations.

PMID- 13694349
TI  - Infantile cortical hyperostosis or fibrous dysplasia. A diagnostic problem.

PMID- 13694350
TI  - Maxillary ameloblastoma.

PMID- 13694351
TI  - Recent advances in chronic pulmonary emphysema.

PMID- 13694352
TI  - Structural studies on uterine myosin.

PMID- 13694353
TI  - The Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children heart-lung machine.

PMID- 13694354
TI  - The relationship of a feline virus isolated by Bolin to feline panleukopenia,
      kidney cell degenerating virus, and 2 feline respiratory viruses.

PMID- 13694355
TI  - Patent ductus in infancy.

PMID- 13694356
TI  - Surgery and the child.

PMID- 13694357
TI  - Massive chemotherapy in malignant disease in childhood.

PMID- 13694358
TI  - The repair of atrial septal defects.

PMID- 13694359
TI  - Oral disease in primates.

PMID- 13694360
TI  - Agglutination of sensitized alligator erythrocytes by rheumatoid factor(s).

PMID- 13694361
TI  - [On plastic surgery of the ureter in renal tuberculosis].

PMID- 13694362
TI  - Chemotherapy adjuvant program in surgery for gastrointestinal malignancy.

PMID- 13694363
TI  - Isolated extremity perfusion in the therapy of malignancy.

PMID- 13694364
TI  - Preliminary clinical studies on HI-TMG, a cancer chemotherapeutic agent.

PMID- 13694365
TI  - [Coronary vasodilation, a cause of angina pectoris].

PMID- 13694366
TI  - Evaluation of amperometric and potentiometric titrations of phenobarbital elixir
      with mercury (II).

PMID- 13694367
TI  - Oximes in the treatment of nerve gas poisoning. II.

PMID- 13694368
TI  - A simplified chemostat for the growth of mammalian cells: characteristics of cell
      growth in continuous culture.
AB  - A simplified technique has been described for the continuous growth of mammalian
      cells in suspension culture. The cell population density increased as the rate of
      input of fresh medium was decreased, and the average generation time was
      concommittantly prolonged. At relatively high input rates, the population
      remained stabilized for an indefinite period, but at low flow rates, there was
      sometimes a cyclical variation in population density. The factor limiting growth
      rate at input rates of approximately 0.2 volumes per day was not the exhaustion
      of the medium; but in some experiments a non-dialyzable material appeared which
      inhibited cell growth.

PMID- 13694369
TI  - Immunofluorescence in diagnostic bacteriology. III. The identification of
      enteropathogenic E. coli serotypes in fecal smears.

PMID- 13694370
TI  - Acute pericarditis complicating infectious mononucleosis. A report of two cases.

PMID- 13694371
TI  - The place of function tests in chronic respiratory disease.

PMID- 13694372
TI  - Field instruction in public health nursing.

PMID- 13694373
TI  - Purification of relaxin from sow ovaries.

PMID- 13694374
TI  - [A case of pachydermoperiostosis (Touraine's disease)].

PMID- 13694375
TI  - The survey: a tool for appraisal.

PMID- 13694376
TI  - Observations upon the use of topical triamcinolone acetonide preparations in
      various concentrations.

PMID- 13694377
TI  - Liver abscess following exchange transfusion for erythroblastosis fetalis.

PMID- 13694378
TI  - Acquired (adult) urticaria pigmentosa. Disappearance after removal of intestinal
      carcinoma.

PMID- 13694379
TI  - Phosphorylation coupled to glycolytic and oxidative metabolism in cerebral
      mitochondrial systems.

PMID- 13694380
TI  - SCHREIBER H: Alopecia neoplastica due to breast carcinoma.

PMID- 13694381
TI  - Patterns of preference in equiprobable situations.

PMID- 13694382
TI  - Unusual bone tumors after roentgen therapy of children. Two case reports.

PMID- 13694383
TI  - On the normal and abnormal development of the feather.

PMID- 13694384
TI  - A postgraduate public-health course from the students' point of view.

PMID- 13694385
TI  - Acute myocardial infarction early and objectively diagnosed through ventricular
      extrasystoles.

PMID- 13694386
TI  - The transplantation of individual rat and guineapig whisker papillae.

PMID- 13694387
TI  - Functional menorrhagia: treatment with bioflavonoids and vitamin C.

PMID- 13694388
TI  - Chronic familial giant urticaria.

PMID- 13694389
TI  - High respiratory quotient of dog kidney in vivo.

PMID- 13694390
TI  - Antibodies against Staphylococcus aureus in nonimmunized rabbits.
AB  - Cohen, Jay O. (Communicable Disease Center, Atlanta, Ga.), Glenda S. Cowart, and
      William B. Cherry. Antibodies against Staphylococcus aureus in nonimmunized
      rabbits. J. Bacteriol. 82:110-114. 1961.-Antibody against staphylococci was
      demonstrated in the serum of each of 36 nonimmunized specific-pathogen-free
      rabbits that were tested. Evidence obtained is in agreement with the proposition
      that two distinct staphylococcal antibodies are present in the sera from these
      nonimmunized rabbits. One is responsible for agglutination of Staphylococcus
      aureus Cowan serotype I, and the other for the formation of a reaction line
      observed in Ouchterlony plates with soluble antigens of both Cowan serotype I and
      Cowan serotype III. Fluorescent antibody reagent prepared from preimmune rabbit
      serum stained some strains of coagulase positive staphylococci, including Cowan's
      types I and III, and failed to stain any of 14 coagulase negative strains. The
      sera of rabbits obtained from a commercial source were shown to contain other
      antibodies for staphylococci in addition to the two found in the sera of specific
      pathogen-free rabbits. The data suggested that rabbits from commercial sources
      have had contact with a great variety of antigens capable of stimulating
      staphylococcal antibody.Evidence demonstrated that normal rabbit serum from
      specific-pathogen-free animals of our colony could be used for differentiation of
      certain staphylococcal strains.

PMID- 13694391
TI  - A five phase vocational training program in a residential school.

PMID- 13694392
TI  - A workshop operation within the framework of a state institution.

PMID- 13694393
TI  - An analysis of vocational failures of mental retardates placed in the community
      after a period of institutionalization.

PMID- 13694394
TI  - Further studies into the vascular architecture of the mandible.

PMID- 13694395
TI  - The statistical prognosis in radiation therapy. A study of optimal dosage in
      relation to physical and biologic parameters for epidermoid cancer.

PMID- 13694396
TI  - Role of eye and neck proprioceptive mechanisms in body orientation and motor
      coordination.

PMID- 13694397
TI  - Idiopathic lymphoedema of Ethiopia and Kenya.

PMID- 13694398
TI  - The extramural volunteer.

PMID- 13694399
TI  - The sulfonamides.

PMID- 13694400
TI  - Postoperative inflammatory change in retained adnexae uteri. Report of two cases.

PMID- 13694401
TI  - [Reticular excitation and activity of the phrenic nerve].

PMID- 13694402
TI  - Bacteriologic study of infected deciduous molars.

PMID- 13694403
TI  - Oral aspects of mongolism. I. Periodontal disease in mongolism.

PMID- 13694404
TI  - The infectious syphilitic seeks a diagnosis.

PMID- 13694405
TI  - Detecting ovulation.

PMID- 13694406
TI  - Acquired hypogammaglobulinemia and sprue: report of a case and review of the
      literature.

PMID- 13694407
TI  - "Startle" epilepsy treated with chlordiazepoxide (Librium).

PMID- 13694408
TI  - Lack of alpha reduction in patients with defective revisualization.

PMID- 13694409
TI  - [The causes of 100 cases of accidents in children].

PMID- 13694410
TI  - Training for public health engineering.

PMID- 13694411
TI  - Reclassification of the thrombocytopenias by the Cr51-labeling method for
      measuring platelet life span.

PMID- 13694412
TI  - Reclassification of the thrombocytopenias by the Cr51-labeling method for
      measuring platelet life span.

PMID- 13694413
TI  - The thrombocytopenic effect of sustained high-dosage prednisone therapy in
      thrombocytopenic purpura.

PMID- 13694414
TI  - Fatal hepatic necrosis secondary to isoniazid therapy.

PMID- 13694416
TI  - A new circumcision instrument.

PMID- 13694415
TI  - [Demonstration by density gradient analysis of a new subcellular structure in E.
      coli synthesizing specific proteins].

PMID- 13694417
TI  - Emivan, a coccidioidal fungicide.

PMID- 13694419
TI  - Research in psychotherapy: a preliminary report.

PMID- 13694418
TI  - Why research in medical technology.

PMID- 13694420
TI  - Histochemical localization of L-gulonolactone oxidase activity in tissues of
      several species.

PMID- 13694421
TI  - Studies on a polyhydric alcohol dehydrogenase system utilizing a histochemical
      method.

PMID- 13694422
TI  - Patient-oriented administration in a day hospital.

PMID- 13694423
TI  - Clinical evaluation of an injectable iron preparation for the treatment of anemia
      in hookworm-infected dogs.

PMID- 13694424
TI  - Parental expectations as a force in treatment. The identification of unconscious
      parental projections onto the childrens' psychiatric hospital.

PMID- 13694425
TI  - Metabolism of I-131-labelled human albumin.

PMID- 13694426
TI  - Metabolic heterogeneity of human gamma-globulin.

PMID- 13694428
TI  - Psychopharmacology and the "deteriorated" schizophrenic patient.

PMID- 13694427
TI  - Immunocytochemical study of gamma globulin in liver in hepatitis and postnecrotic
      cirrhosis.
AB  - Gamma globulin was demonstrated by immunocytochemical fluorescence technique in
      many reticuloendothelial cells of the hepatic sinusoids and of the fibrous tracts
      in various forms of hepatitis and in postnecrotic cirrhosis. In other liver
      diseases and in normal livers, even in the presence of hypergammaglobulinemia,
      few if any gamma globulin-containing cells were found. In contrast, spleen and
      lymph nodes showed no difference between postnecrotic cirrhosis or hepatitis and
      other types of cirrhosis or non-hepatic hypergammaglobulinemias. The gamma
      globulin-containing cells in the liver are on cytologic grounds considered
      reticuloendothelial cells showing transition to plasma cells and exhibiting
      little or no phagocytosis of tissue breakdown products. These cells are assumed
      to form rather than engulf gamma globulin. The possibility that the gamma
      globulin formed represents antibody to liver cell breakdown products is
      discussed.

PMID- 13694429
TI  - Pseudomembranous (staphylococcal) enterocolitis.

PMID- 13694430
TI  - The prevention and treatment of chemical parkinsonism with UK-738.

PMID- 13694431
TI  - The skin-brain barrier.

PMID- 13694432
TI  - Treatment of acute alcoholism.

PMID- 13694433
TI  - Experimental eosinophilia. III. Regional lymph node responses to reactions of
      tissue sensitization.

PMID- 13694434
TI  - Hemostatic- and fibrinolytic-affecting agents in experimental vascular
      sensitization.

PMID- 13694435
TI  - Immune sera in the study of food antigens. III. Vegetable seed oils.

PMID- 13694436
TI  - The effect of anxiety on time judgment and time experience in normal persons.

PMID- 13694437
TI  - Influence of psychodynamic factors on central nervous system functioning in young
      and aged subjects.

PMID- 13694439
TI  - Fibrinolysis.

PMID- 13694440
TI  - Fibrinolysis.

PMID- 13694438
TI  - Urinary catechol amine levels, gastric secretion and speciffic psychological
      factors in ulcer and non-ulcer patients.

PMID- 13694441
TI  - A syndrome due to the bacterial colonization of Spitz-Holter valves. A review of
      five cases.

PMID- 13694442
TI  - Comparison of autologous, homologous, and heterologous normal skin grafts in the
      hamster cheek pouch.

PMID- 13694443
TI  - The conversion of a phage-induced ribonucleic acid to deoxyribonucleotides in
      vitro.

PMID- 13694444
TI  - The isolation of deoxyribonucleic acid from bacterial extracts by precipitation
      with streptomycin.

PMID- 13694445
TI  - Virus-induced acquisition of metabolic function.

PMID- 13694446
TI  - Choroidoscopy. A supplementary technique to ophthalmoscopy.

PMID- 13694447
TI  - Liver function studies in the aged.

PMID- 13694448
TI  - Allergic problems in children. The value of skin testing atopic children.

PMID- 13694449
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of bronchial asthma in children.

PMID- 13694450
TI  - Theoretical and clinical studies of the electrocardiogram and vectorcardiogram in
      right ventricular enlargement.

PMID- 13694451
TI  - Welfare policies relating to income and tax status of the aged.

PMID- 13694452
TI  - [Analysis of the effects of disodium-EDTA, a calciam chelator, on the properties
      of serotonin in the dog in vivo. 3].

PMID- 13694453
TI  - [Influence of the chelation of calcium on the tension effects of serotonin in the
      dog].

PMID- 13694454
TI  - Cancer of the oesophagus in Singapore.

PMID- 13694456
TI  - [Experimental bases for the use of radioactive colloids in therapy].

PMID- 13694455
TI  - [Recent studies on the pharmaceutical control of radioactive elements].

PMID- 13694457
TI  - [Some examples of the use of radioactive tracers in pharmacodynamics].

PMID- 13694458
TI  - [Diagnosis of an acute encephalitic syndrome].

PMID- 13694459
TI  - [Current possibilities and results of treatment of surgical tuberculoses in
      children].

PMID- 13694460
TI  - Bilateral sliding osteotomy (indirect technique) for correction of protruding
      jaw.

PMID- 13694461
TI  - Common characteristics of leptospirosis: a report on 11 cases.

PMID- 13694462
TI  - Comparison of "meal eating" and "nibbling" on severity of alloxan diabetes.

PMID- 13694463
TI  - Effect of meal eating compared to nibbling upon atherosclerosis in chickens.

PMID- 13694465
TI  - [A necessary step].

PMID- 13694466
TI  - [Health problems in the presidential campaign in the United States].

PMID- 13694464
TI  - Meal-eating, nibbling, and body metabolism.

PMID- 13694467
TI  - [Political health problems from Latin America and the new Cuba].

PMID- 13694468
TI  - [Preventive medicine in revolutionary Cuba].

PMID- 13694469
TI  - [The study of medicine in Mexico].

PMID- 13694470
TI  - The diagnosis of common duct stones by intravenous cholangiography compared with
      common duct exploration.

PMID- 13694471
TI  - Clinical use of cholografin.

PMID- 13694472
TI  - Studies on pyrogenic steroids. I. Separation, identification, and measurement of
      unconjugated dehydroepiandrosterone, etiocholanolone, and adrosterone in human
      plasma.

PMID- 13694473
TI  - The in vivo glucuronide conjugation of radioactive etiocholanolone and
      androsterone by the dog kidney.

PMID- 13694474
TI  - An ion-exchange resin artificial kidney.

PMID- 13694475
TI  - Strangulation obstruction: combined arterial and venous strangulation.

PMID- 13694476
TI  - The use of a group psychotherapy program for adolescents as a training unit in
      child psychiatry.

PMID- 13694477
TI  - Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectra of adenosine di- and triphosphate. I.
      Effect of pH.

PMID- 13694478
TI  - The cult of the free spirit: a medieval heresy reconstructed.

PMID- 13694479
TI  - Acute cholecystitis without stones. Five unusual cases.

PMID- 13694480
TI  - A successful case of homotransplantation of the kidney between identical twins.

PMID- 13694481
TI  - Delayed acquisition of reading and writing abilities in children. A neurological
      study.

PMID- 13694482
TI  - Dyscalculia.

PMID- 13694483
TI  - Ruptured aneurysm of the abdominal aorta.
AB  - There is a sufficient time lag between leakage from an abdominal aneurysm and the
      final exsanguinating hemorrhage in most cases so that the diagnosis can be
      established and surgical treatment instituted. Under these circumstances
      technical methods have been developed sufficiently satisfactorily so that a much
      better salvage rate can be expected.Four consecutive successful cases are
      reported as examples.

PMID- 13694484
TI  - Zinc -65 in reactor workers.
AB  - Zinc-65, hitherto found in cyclotron workers and in other specialized
      populations, has now been detected in a group of reactor workers. While the
      highest levels detected are less than 0.2 percent of the maximum permissible
      concentration, the movement of this neutron-induced radionuclide is of interest,
      and the baseline information is important for future studies.

PMID- 13694485
TI  - Diet-induced changes in the exchange and accretion of radiostrontium by rat
      skeleton.

PMID- 13694486
TI  - Effect of aging and x-irradiation on the kinetics of skeletal metabolism in the
      rat.

PMID- 13694487
TI  - A microfluorometric method for the determination of agmatine.

PMID- 13694489
TI  - The influence of phagocytosis on the intracellular distribution of granule
      associated components of polymorphonuclear leucocytes.
AB  - Control and phagocyting populations of rabbit polymorphonuclear leucocytes have
      been compared in terms of the content and distribution of phagocytin and selected
      hydrolytic enzymes. Following incubation at 37 degrees C., the cells were
      disrupted by homogenization and separated into an 8,200 g pellet and supernatant
      fluid. The high speed pellet from control leucocytes contained all the larger
      particulate elements of the cell including intact cytoplasmic granules. The
      ingestion of large numbers of heat-killed bacteria was accompanied by a fourfold
      reduction in the total phagocytin content of the leucocyte, whereas phagocytosis
      did not influence the recovery of histone-like bactericidin from nuclei.
      Engulfment of microorganisms led to a progressive decrease in the activity of
      phosphatases, beta glucuronidase, and cathepsin extractable from the 8,200 g
      pellet, with a concomitant increased activity of these enzymes in the supernatant
      fraction. No significant difference in the total enzyme content of control and
      phagocyting cells was noted. These findings are consistent with the lysis of
      granules following phagocytosis and the liberation of granule constituents into
      the cytoplasm of the leucocyte.

PMID- 13694488
TI  - Chromatography and desalting of nucleotides with ammonium biocarbonate on anion
      exchange columns.

PMID- 13694490
TI  - The isolation and properties of the specific cytoplasmic granules of rabbit
      polymorphonuclear leucocytes.
AB  - A method has been described for isolation of the specific cytoplasmic granules of
      rabbit polymorphonuclear leucocytes. Homogeneous suspensions of leucocytes were
      disrupted by lysis in 0.34 M sucrose. This procedure liberated the cytoplasmic
      contents of the cell and dissolved a considerable proportion of the nuclei.
      Following disruption, the sucrose lysate was separated into three fractions by
      differential centrifugation, i.e. 400 g or nuclear pellet, 8,200 g or granule
      pellet and the postgranule supernate. Microscopic examination revealed that the
      8,200 g pellet was composed of intact granules as well as occasional
      mitochondria. The other two fractions were morphologically heterogeneous. Studies
      with isolated granules demonstrated their lysis by a variety of weak acids and
      surface-active agents. When buffered solutions were employed between the ranges
      of pH 2.0 and 9.0, granule lysis began at pH 5.5 and was complete at pH 4.0.
      Chemical analysis disclosed that the granule pellet contained protein and
      phospholipid with only traces of nucleic acids. Approximately 70 to 80 per cent
      of the total cellular antimicrobial agent phagocytin was present in the granule
      fraction. This material was liberated from the granules by acid (pH 5.0 or
      lower). Studies on selected enzymes showed that acid phosphatase, alkaline
      phosphatase, nucleotidase, ribonuclease, deoxyribonuclease, and beta
      glucuronidase were predominantly localized in the granule fraction. Approximately
      50 per cent of total cellular lysozyme and cathepsin were also present in the
      8,200 g pellet. Disruption of the granules was associated with the release of the
      majority of granule protein and enzymes in a non-sedimentable form. The
      properties and composition of rabbit polymorphonuclear leucocyte granules seem to
      be analogous to those of liver lysosomes.

PMID- 13694491
TI  - Functional and metabolic properties of polymorphonuclear leucocytes. I.
      Observations on the requirements and consequences of particle ingestion.
AB  - The phagocytosis and intracellular destruction of bacteria by rabbit
      polymorphonuclear leucocytes has been studied in vitro under defined conditions.
      The efficient and continuing ingestion of bacteria was dependent upon (a) opsonic
      factors present in fresh rabbit serum as well as upon, (b) the availability of an
      adequate supply of glucose in the medium. The effects of selected enzymatic
      inhibitors on the metabolic and functional activities of the leucocytes was
      investigated. Cyanide which inhibited oxygen consumption had no effect on the
      ingestion or inactivation of bacteria, Iodoacetate and arsenite which blocked
      glycolysis produced a marked inhibition in particle ingestion. 2,4-Dinitrophenol
      which stimulated both oxygen consumption and glycolysis, depressed phagocytosis
      after a 1 hour latent period. It was concluded that phagocytosis was an energy
      requiring process in which glycolysis served as the most important source of
      energy. Leucocytes which were ingesting heat-killed bacteria exhibited increases
      in oxygen consumption, glucose utilization, and lactic acid synthesis. The effect
      of particle ingestion on glycogen metabolism was characterized by an initial
      period of glycogenolysis followed by an enhanced rate of glycogen synthesis.
      Leucocytes which had previously ingested heat-killed bacteria also demonstrated
      increased rates of phagocytosis.

PMID- 13694493
TI  - How to measure hospital effectiveness.

PMID- 13694492
TI  - Functional and metabolic properties of polymorphonuclear leucocytes. II. The
      influence of a lipopolysaccharide endotoxin.
AB  - The effects of a purified bacterial lipopolysaccharide endotoxin on homogenous
      populations of rabbit polymorphonuclear leucocytes have been studied in vitro
      under defined conditions. Employing a 500-fold range of concentration (0.1 to
      50.0 microg./ml.), it was shown that endotoxin enhanced the rate at which
      staphylococci were killed by leucocytes. The mechanism underlying the increased
      killing was found to be a direct stimulation of the phagocytic activity of the
      leucocyte and not mediated by the release of bactericidins or opsonins from the
      treated cells. In the presence of 10 per cent serum all concentrations of
      endotoxin enhanced phagocytosis, whereas at lower serum concentrations, the
      higher doses of lipopolysaccharide inhibited the phagocytic activity of the
      cells. Similar concentrations of endotoxin were capable of increasing the
      utilization of glucose and the production of lactic acid. Endotoxin treated
      leucocytes exhibited no change in oxygen consumption, and only a slight
      depression in glycogen synthesis. It appeared that endotoxin could interact and
      alter the functional and metabolic properties of leucocytes in the absence of
      serum. The demonstration of enhanced phagocytic activity of endotoxin-treated
      cells was dependent upon the particular opsonic requirements for the organism
      under study.

PMID- 13694494
TI  - What hospitals are doing about unions.

PMID- 13694495
TI  - [Case of polycystic kidney with abdominal symptomatology].

PMID- 13694496
TI  - [Pulmonary staphylococcal infections].

PMID- 13694497
TI  - [Correlations between emotional variations (excitation and inhibition) and
      calcium variations (total and ionized blood calcium)-concept of a calcium
      ionization index].

PMID- 13694498
TI  - [Favorable development of a state of prolonged stupor for 7 months after closed
      cranial trauma. Treatment by thioproperazine (RP 7843 - Majeptil)].

PMID- 13694499
TI  - ["Waking substances": the significance of A.N.P. 235 (centrophenoxine or
      Lucidril) and the treatment of stupor and deep obnubilation states during the
      recession of comatous conditions].

PMID- 13694500
TI  - [Awakening substances].

PMID- 13694501
TI  - [The epileptic attack; post-stress response. Biological, electrical, psycho
      pathological and therapeutic problems].

PMID- 13694502
TI  - [The medications and medicinal treatments of fatigue].

PMID- 13694503
TI  - [Use of para-clinical examinations in human trials of psychotropic drugs].

PMID- 13694504
TI  - [The venous valves].

PMID- 13694505
TI  - [Venous pressure in the lower extremities].

PMID- 13694506
TI  - [The submucous resection of the cricoids in chronic laryngeal stenosis].

PMID- 13694507
TI  - A preliminary trial of betamethasone.

PMID- 13694508
TI  - Late effects of starvation.

PMID- 13694509
TI  - Trichobezoar. Report of two cases, one causing intestinal obstruction.

PMID- 13694510
TI  - Intestinal ischaemia.

PMID- 13694511
TI  - Listeria monocytogenes infection in children.

PMID- 13694512
TI  - [On the use of "cholecystokinin" in radiological examinations of the biliary
      tract].

PMID- 13694513
TI  - [The transketolase activity of the liver of pigeons with vitamin B1 deficiency].

PMID- 13694514
TI  - [Action of penicillin on the coefficient of intestinal absorption in man and in
      albino rats].

PMID- 13694515
TI  - [The coefficient of intestinal absorption of p-aminoulppuric acid in man and in
      some laboratory animals].

PMID- 13694516
TI  - [Action of penicillin on the serum level of properdin].

PMID- 13694517
TI  - [The action of large doses of testosterone on liver respiration in experimental
      cirrhosis induced by carbon tetrachloride].

PMID- 13694518
TI  - [Exeresis and the functions of maternity].

PMID- 13694519
TI  - [On tuberculous anatomopathological changes in the female genital tract].

PMID- 13694520
TI  - Clinical trial of massive stilboestrol diphosphate therapy in advanced carcinoma
      of the prostate.

PMID- 13694521
TI  - [Surgical diseases of the bile ducts].

PMID- 13694522
TI  - [The present horizons of pediatrics].

PMID- 13694524
TI  - [Role and training of sanitary engineers and inspectors. Development and present
      status of the question in France].

PMID- 13694523
TI  - The determination of hydroxysteroids as their 3, 5-dinitrobenzoates.

PMID- 13694525
TI  - [Biology and breeding of Ornithodoros capensis Neumann (acarian Argasidae)].

PMID- 13694526
TI  - Illustration of fossil vertebrates.

PMID- 13694527
TI  - Effect of intracellular spermine on ribosomes of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 13694528
TI  - [Medical research and prophylaxis in the British Commonwealth in the course of
      recent years].

PMID- 13694529
TI  - Cinegastroscopy. II. External source of light for color cinematography through
      the gastroscope.

PMID- 13694530
TI  - Surgical treatment of coexisting regional enteritis and ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 13694531
TI  - A review of 304 patients treated surgically for regional enteritis.

PMID- 13694532
TI  - Retrograde metastases from carcinoma of the cecum: report of a case.

PMID- 13694533
TI  - The surgical treatment of thyroid disease.

PMID- 13694534
TI  - A survey of the nephrotic syndrome as seen at the Royal Children's Hospital,
      Melbourne, in the past ten years.

PMID- 13694535
TI  - [Mental disorders revealing surgical diseases of the pancreas].

PMID- 13694536
TI  - Hospital records and record rooms.

PMID- 13694537
TI  - Soluble material in the gastrointestinal tract of rats under normal feeding
      condition.

PMID- 13694538
TI  - Effects of some metabolic inhibitors upon the formation of the aqueous humour in
      rabbits.

PMID- 13694539
TI  - Accidental pneumatic rupture of oesophagus and stomach.

PMID- 13694540
TI  - Cardio-respiratory resuscitation.

PMID- 13694541
TI  - Studies on plasminogen. I. Further purification of bovine plasminogen.

PMID- 13694542
TI  - Anesthesia, surgery and death.

PMID- 13694543
TI  - Comments on the functions of a university.

PMID- 13694544
TI  - Barbiturate poisoning. Management with a new respiratory stimulant.

PMID- 13694545
TI  - Observation on the cytochemical composition of adenomas and carcinomas of the
      colon.

PMID- 13694546
TI  - Observations of cell renewal in human rectal mucosa in vivo with thymidine-H3.

PMID- 13694547
TI  - Effect of intraluminal pressure on enterochromaffin cells in the rat duodenum.

PMID- 13694548
TI  - Ionic current measurements in the squid giant axon membrane.
AB  - The concepts, experiments, and interpretations of ionic current measurements
      after a step change of the squid axon membrane potential require the potential to
      be constant for the duration and the membrane area measured. An experimental
      approach to this ideal has been developed. Electrometer, operational, and control
      amplifiers produce the step potential between internal micropipette and external
      potential electrodes within 40 microseconds and a few millivolts. With an
      internal current electrode effective resistance of 2 ohm cm.(2), the membrane
      potential and current may be constant within a few millivolts and 10 per cent out
      to near the electrode ends. The maximum membrane current patterns of the best
      axons are several times larger but of the type described by Cole and analyzed by
      Hodgkin and Huxley when the change of potential is adequately controlled. The
      occasional obvious distortions are attributed to the marginal adequacy of
      potential control to be expected from the characteristics of the current
      electrodes and the axon. Improvements are expected only to increase stability and
      accuracy. No reason has been found either to question the qualitative
      characteristics of the early measurements or to so discredit the analyses made of
      them.

PMID- 13694549
TI  - Potassium ion current in the squid giant axon: dynamic characteristic.
AB  - Measurements of the potassium current in the squid axon membrane have been made,
      after changes of the membrane potential to the sodium potential of Hodgkin and
      Huxley (HH), from near the resting potential, from depolarizations of various
      durations and amplitudes, and from hyperpolarizations of up to 150 mv. The
      potassium currents I given by I = I(infinity) {1 - exp [- (t + t(0))/tau]}(25),
      where t(0) is determined by the initial conditions, represent the new data and
      approximate the HH functions in the regions for which they are adequate. A
      corresponding modification for the sodium current does not appear necessary. The
      results support the HH assumptions of the independence of the potassium and
      sodium currents, the dependence of the potassium current upon a single parameter
      determined by the membrane potential, and the expression of this parameter by a
      first order differential equation, and, although the results drastically modify
      the analytical expressions, they very considerably extend the range of apparent
      validity of these assumptions. The delay in the potassium current after severe
      hyperpolarization is used to estimate a potassium ion mobility in the membrane as
      10(-5) of its value in aqueous solutions.

PMID- 13694550
TI  - An analysis of the membrane potential along a clamped squid axon.
AB  - A partially depolarized squid axon membrane is assumed to have a quasi-steady
      state negative resistance, the membrane potential is clamped at one point, and a
      distribution of potential along the axon is obtained from the cable equation.
      Nominal experimental values of -2 ohm cm(2) for the membrane and 6 ohm cm(2) for
      the internal and external current electrodes and the axoplasm and sea water
      between them are used for illustration. The potential and current may be uniform
      for an axon and electrode length less than 1.2 mm. For a long axon the potential
      varies as the cosine of the distance within 0.8 mm of the control point. Beyond
      this the potential variation is exponential and the entire pattern is about 5 mm
      long. The average current density out to 0.3 mm from the control point is within
      10 per cent of the potential clamp value. These distributions are stable for
      control amplifications of about unity and more.

PMID- 13694551
TI  - Non-linear current-potential relations in an axon membrane.
AB  - The membrane current density, I(m), in the squid giant axon has been calculated
      from the measured external current applied to the axon, I(o), by the equation See
      PDF for Equation where V(m) is the membrane potential under the current electrode
      and r(1) and r(2) are the external and internal longitudinal resistances. The
      original derivation of this equation included in one step an assumption of a
      linear relation between I(m) and V(m). It is shown that the same equation can be
      obtained without this restricting assumption.

PMID- 13694552
TI  - Specific homograft tolerance in lymphoid cells of long-lived radiation chimeras.

PMID- 13694553
TI  - Specific homograft tolerance in lymphoid cells of long-liver radiation chimeras.

PMID- 13694554
TI  - Homograft-reactive large mononuclear leucocytes in peripheral blood and
      peritoneal exudates.

PMID- 13694555
TI  - Increased radioresistance in mice injected with urethane two days before x
      irradiation.

PMID- 13694556
TI  - Inhibition of kidney mitotic activity in mice with transplantation disease.

PMID- 13694557
TI  - Latent radiation-inhibition and recovery of mitotic activity in mouse kidney.

PMID- 13694558
TI  - Latent radiation-induced inhibition and recovery of mitotic activity in mouse
      kidney.

PMID- 13694559
TI  - Budd-Chiari syndrome.

PMID- 13694560
TI  - Seizures in chronic subdural hematoma.

PMID- 13694561
TI  - Studies in emphysema. II. Bedside versus laboratory estimations of timed and
      total vital capacity and diaphragmatic height and movement.

PMID- 13694562
TI  - The management of the bronchial asthmatic patient.

PMID- 13694563
TI  - The management of the patient with bronchial asthma.

PMID- 13694564
TI  - Management of late breast cancer.

PMID- 13694565
TI  - Studies of behavior and the metabolism of indole derivatives in schizophrenia.

PMID- 13694566
TI  - Blood oxygen saturation during anaesthesia with volatile agents vaporized in room
      air.

PMID- 13694567
TI  - Clinical and theoretical observations on phenelzine (nardil), an antidepressant
      agent.

PMID- 13694569
TI  - A chromatographic study of trypsin.

PMID- 13694568
TI  - Clinical and theoretical observations on phenelzine, an antidepressant agent.

PMID- 13694570
TI  - Ion-exchange chromatography of insulin and other proteins in buffers containing
      urea.

PMID- 13694571
TI  - Ion exchange chromatography of prolactin in urea-containing buffers.

PMID- 13694572
TI  - Angina and the amine oxidase inhibitors.

PMID- 13694573
TI  - Current status of surgery in the treatment of cancer.

PMID- 13694575
TI  - A simple halothane vaporizer.

PMID- 13694574
TI  - 1960 American Cancer Society presidential address.

PMID- 13694576
TI  - Eliminate powdering hands and packing linens in the operating room.

PMID- 13694577
TI  - Historical features of cholecystography. The Carman lecture.

PMID- 13694578
TI  - How important is the early diagnosis of cancer?

PMID- 13694579
TI  - Local analgesic syringe.

PMID- 13694581
TI  - Performance of the "C.I.G." two-canister carbondioxide absorber.

PMID- 13694580
TI  - Minimal drug dosage in the practice of anaesthesia.

PMID- 13694582
TI  - Recent advances in treatment of the cancer patient. Introduction to the problem.

PMID- 13694584
TI  - Morphologic characteristics of striated muscle demonstrated by various histologic
      technics.

PMID- 13694583
TI  - A reappraisal of the effects of antimicrobial therapy on the course of
      appendicitis in children.

PMID- 13694585
TI  - The effect of immobilization on striated muscle and the mvoneural junction.

PMID- 13694586
TI  - Lung mechanics and resuscitation after fluid aspiration.

PMID- 13694587
TI  - Experiences with actinomycin D in the treatment of malignant disease in children.

PMID- 13694589
TI  - Erythropoietic-stimulating factor production in pubescent mice after a single
      exposure to hypoxia.

PMID- 13694588
TI  - The growth and death of wound bacteria in serum, exudate and slough.

PMID- 13694590
TI  - Separation of serum proteins by density gradient electrophoresis.

PMID- 13694591
TI  - [Possibilities of the scintigraph in the study of changes of the hepatic
      parenchyma].

PMID- 13694592
TI  - [The radiological manifestations of Whipple's disease].

PMID- 13694594
TI  - Autopsy and the civil law.

PMID- 13694593
TI  - Aldrich's syndrome.

PMID- 13694595
TI  - Influence of diet on transamidinase activity in dystrophic mice.

PMID- 13694596
TI  - Effects of dietary creatine and glycine on transamidinase activity in dystrophic
      mice.

PMID- 13694597
TI  - Phenylalanine hydroxylase activity in dilute and nondilute strains of mice.

PMID- 13694598
TI  - Time intergals in the electrocardiogram of healthy infants.

PMID- 13694599
TI  - A method for studying aminoacid activation in crude tissue extracts.

PMID- 13694600
TI  - Oral prophylaxis for anticholinesterase poisoning.

PMID- 13694601
TI  - Oxime mixtures and atropine in the protection of mice and rats from sarin
      poisoning.

PMID- 13694602
TI  - Methohexital, a short acting barbiturate.

PMID- 13694603
TI  - Metallocarboxypeptidases: stability constants and enzymatic characteristics.

PMID- 13694604
TI  - Pediatric cardiac catheterization; analgesia or anesthesia.

PMID- 13694605
TI  - Experience with buccal and enteric coated trypsin: review of 200 cases.

PMID- 13694606
TI  - Food additives legislation and food technology. Legislative aspects of the new
      laws.

PMID- 13694608
TI  - Trimming intensifying screens.

PMID- 13694607
TI  - Emergency psychotherapy.

PMID- 13694609
TI  - The experimental production of pine pollen granulomata of the iris in
      hypersensitized guinea pigs.

PMID- 13694610
TI  - Arterial patterns in the hand based upon a study of 650 specimens.

PMID- 13694611
TI  - Femoral neck fractures: pathogenesis of avascular necrosis, nonunion and late
      degenerative changes.

PMID- 13694612
TI  - A persistent herpes simplex infection in antibody-free cell culture.

PMID- 13694613
TI  - The distribution, connexions and histology of baroreceptors in the pulmonary
      artery, with some observations on the sensory innervation of the ductus
      arteriosus.

PMID- 13694615
TI  - Effect of a low-protein diet on the serum proteins of kittens.

PMID- 13694614
TI  - Relationship between pulmonary arterial pressure and impulse activity in
      pulmonary arterial baroreceptor fibres.

PMID- 13694616
TI  - The critical closing pressure of blood vessels of the fingers in hypertensive and
      normal subjects.

PMID- 13694619
TI  - T substance anomaly with horseshoe kidney.

PMID- 13694617
TI  - T-substance anomaly: an inborn error of purine metabolism.

PMID- 13694618
TI  - Paromomycin.

PMID- 13694620
TI  - The effects of alkylating agents on the incorporation of glycine-1-C14 into
      tissue proteins in vitro.

PMID- 13694621
TI  - The caseworker in the skin clinic.

PMID- 13694622
TI  - Virus warts in school children.

PMID- 13694623
TI  - Auditory hazards in a diesel engine test house.

PMID- 13694624
TI  - Streptococcal uveitis--a negative report.

PMID- 13694625
TI  - Uveitis--a review.

PMID- 13694626
TI  - [Media and methods of culture suitable for the reanimation and multiplication in
      vitro of Mycobacterium tuberculosis of reduced vitality, of ephemeral viability,
      or in a state of quiescence].

PMID- 13694627
TI  - [Genital tuberculosis complicating ovarian cysts. Anatomopathological and
      clinical contribution].

PMID- 13694628
TI  - [On the spontaneous urinary excretion of metabolites of the tryptophan-nicotinic
      acid interaction of 2 infant brothers with the Fanconi type of congenital
      hypoplastic anemia].

PMID- 13694629
TI  - [Clinico-hematological considerations on myeloid leukemia in the child].

PMID- 13694630
TI  - [Clinico-hematological considerations on primary aplastic and hypoplastic
      pancytopenia in children].

PMID- 13694631
TI  - [Considerations on a case of lymphosarcoma of probable thymic origin with
      evolution into acute lymphoid leukosis].

PMID- 13694632
TI  - [Contribution to the genetic study of congenital hypoplastic pancytopenia with
      multiple Fanconi-type malformations].

PMID- 13694633
TI  - [On several recent therapeutic trends in hypoplastic pancytopenia: testosterone
      and anabolic steroids].

PMID- 13694634
TI  - [Electrocardiographic data during leukemia in the child].

PMID- 13694635
TI  - [Unsuccessful attempts at surgical delivery at home].

PMID- 13694636
TI  - [Cytohistological aspects of sarcoma of the uterus and vagina].

PMID- 13694637
TI  - [Action of inosine on the isolated mouse uterus].

PMID- 13694638
TI  - [Formation of thiosulfate from alaninethiosulfonic acid and from
      cysteinesulfonate].

PMID- 13694639
TI  - [Changes in pulmonary ventilation during the course of pregnancy].

PMID- 13694640
TI  - Neurohormonal properties of royal jelly.

PMID- 13694641
TI  - Acetylcholine in Periplaneta americana L. IV. The significance of esterase
      inhibition in intoxication, acetylcholine levels, and nervous conduction.

PMID- 13694642
TI  - Activation of cockroach acetylcholinesterase by water-miscible organic solvents.

PMID- 13694643
TI  - [Andre DARIAUX (1881-1960)].

PMID- 13694644
TI  - [Histopathology and cytology in the diagnosis of morbid processes].

PMID- 13694645
TI  - [Some considerations on the teaching of pathological anatomy in Swiss
      universities and organization of pathology laboratories cantonal hospitals].

PMID- 13694647
TI  - [The protection of navigating personnel against the effects of extremely high
      altitude].

PMID- 13694646
TI  - [Aneurysms caused by bacterial endocarditis].

PMID- 13694648
TI  - [Immoral offences in gangs of adolescents].

PMID- 13694649
TI  - [Medicolegal problems apropos of a case of postmortem cesarean section].

PMID- 13694650
TI  - [Sociopathic aspects of capital punishment].

PMID- 13694651
TI  - [Exploration of the lymphatic system in surgical pathology. Recent contributions
      and practical results].

PMID- 13694652
TI  - Some aspects of dermatological clinical trials.

PMID- 13694654
TI  - [Congenital diaphragmatic hernia in the newborn].

PMID- 13694653
TI  - Pilonidal sinus.

PMID- 13694655
TI  - [Care by the obstetrician of the premature].

PMID- 13694656
TI  - [Diagnostic-therapeutic management in prolonged pregnancy].

PMID- 13694657
TI  - [2 years of activity. Possibilities and limitations of a surgical clinic].

PMID- 13694659
TI  - [Ovarian tumors in pregnancy].

PMID- 13694658
TI  - [Acute obstruction of the intestine caused by phytobezoar].

PMID- 13694660
TI  - Salmonellae isolated at Ibadan. (Third report: strains isolated during 1958).

PMID- 13694661
TI  - The aetiology of infantile enteritis at Ibadan.

PMID- 13694662
TI  - [Comparison of the double test (tuberculin and BCG) with radio-clinical and
      therapeutic data in 230 patients in a sanatorium].

PMID- 13694663
TI  - [Attempted suicide by means of isoniazid].

PMID- 13694664
TI  - [Fatal anaphylaxis caused by PAS].

PMID- 13694665
TI  - [Psychosocial study of 176 pulmonary tuberculous patients having attained or
      passed the age of 40].

PMID- 13694666
TI  - [Radioclinical and evolutive forms of pulmonary tuberculosis in gastroduodenal
      ulcers].

PMID- 13694667
TI  - [Occurrence and development of a pulmonary aspergilloma in a bacilliferous
      tuberculous patient].

PMID- 13694668
TI  - [Matrimonial failure and occupational failure in a sanatorial milieu].

PMID- 13694669
TI  - [Nutrition and the state of nutrition in Peru].

PMID- 13694670
TI  - A comparison between pulmonary elimination capacity of acetylene and radioactive
      argon and xenon injected intravenously dissolved in saline. A new method of
      studying the functioning of the lungs with particular reference to diffusion.

PMID- 13694671
TI  - Studies on the registration of provocation tests for the etiological diagnosis of
      bronchial asthma.

PMID- 13694672
TI  - The 150th anniversary of the Royal State Medical School of Stockholm (the
      Karolinska Institute).

PMID- 13694673
TI  - The pulmonary elimination capacity of acetylene, administered intravenously in
      saline solution. A study on healthy subjects and on patients with lung or heart
      disease.

PMID- 13694674
TI  - Studies of a patient with selective deficiency in absorption of vitamin B12.

PMID- 13694675
TI  - Adrenocortical steroid metabolism in newborn infants. 3. Urinary excretion of 17
      hydroxycosteroids following major surgery and stimulation with
      adrenocorticotropin.

PMID- 13694676
TI  - [Cortical control of the activity of the respiratory muscles].

PMID- 13694677
TI  - [Contributions and limitations of the E.E.G. in the diagnosis of cerebral
      lesions].

PMID- 13694678
TI  - [Resection treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: indications and results].

PMID- 13694679
TI  - [Symposium on atherosclerosis. Anatomopathological aspects].

PMID- 13694680
TI  - [Treatment of exudative pleurisy].

PMID- 13694681
TI  - [On the origin of the blood and vessels in Lebistes reticulatus (teleost)].

PMID- 13694683
TI  - Effects of body weight and size of blood-meal upon egg production in Aedes
      aegypti (Linnaeus) (Diptera, Culicidae).

PMID- 13694682
TI  - The nature and properties of the haemagglutinin of Clostridium welchii.

PMID- 13694684
TI  - Production of antibodies by quartz and beryllium oxide.

PMID- 13694685
TI  - [Influence of general anesthesia on intraocular pressure].

PMID- 13694686
TI  - [Application of radio-isotopes to the study of proteins].

PMID- 13694687
TI  - [Relation between chemical structure and pharmacodynamic properties. Synergy and
      antagonism of activity].

PMID- 13694688
TI  - Lipoma of the cecum. Report of one case.

PMID- 13694689
TI  - [Technic and results of lymphography and lymphadenography].

PMID- 13694690
TI  - [Studies on the mechanism of immune hemolysis: the method of fixation of the 4th
      complement component].

PMID- 13694691
TI  - [Considerations on surgical case histories of hypertrophic stenosis of the
      pylorus].

PMID- 13694692
TI  - [Effect of the Ogawa and Nowinski factor on renal phosphatases].

PMID- 13694693
TI  - [The internal mammary lymphatic chain in breast carcinoma. Methods of verifying
      the metastatic invasion].

PMID- 13694694
TI  - [Considerations on the use of proteolytic enzymes in the treatment of some facial
      algias].

PMID- 13694695
TI  - [Peripheral organic arteriopathies].

PMID- 13694696
TI  - Some notes on the administration of atomic cocktails.

PMID- 13694697
TI  - The American medical student at the "grass roots" of depressed cultures: a
      contribution to international understanding.

PMID- 13694698
TI  - The role of the medical technologist in the diagnosis and therapy of the lymphoma
      leukemia complex.

PMID- 13694699
TI  - The loci of reinforcement.

PMID- 13694700
TI  - [The Hospital of Vauclaire].

PMID- 13694701
TI  - Analgesic antipyretic drugs as antagonists of bradykinin.
AB  - The antagonism between analgesic antipyretic drugs and bradykinin was examined
      quantitatively, using the bronchoconstrictor response of guinea-pigs in vivo. The
      dose of bradykinin required to overcome antagonism by calcium acetylsalicylate
      increased with the dose of acetylsalicylate given, the ratio being roughly
      constant. Fifty times the quantity of acetylsalicylate which just antagonized
      bradykinin did not modify bronchoconstriction due to small doses of histamine, 5
      hydroxytryptamine, or acetylcholine. A method of measuring the potency of this
      anti-bradykinin action was developed. Acetylsalicylic acid, phenylbutazone,
      amidopyrine, and phenazone had a high potency; paracetamol, cinchophen, sodium
      salicylate, and acetanilide had a moderate potency; and phenacetin, salicylamide,
      and 4-hydroxyisophthalic acid had little or none. Cortisone, hydrocortisone,
      aldosterone, amodiaquine, and morphine were ineffective or their action was non
      specific. In sensitized guinea-pigs, an injection of antigen caused bronchospasm.
      This response was greatly lessened by pretreatment with mepyramine, but was not
      affected by calcium acetylsalicylate, lysergic acid diethylamide, or atropine.
      Acetylsalicylic acid, phenylbutazone, and amidopyrine did not specifically
      antagonize the action of bradykinin on the capillaries of guinea-pig skin in
      vivo, on guinea-pig ileum in vitro or on rat duodenum in vitro.

PMID- 13694702
TI  - Multiple toe-pinch method for testing analgesic drugs.
AB  - In guinea-pigs and rats, an immediate squeak was one of the most consistent and
      readily observed responses to application of a light artery clip to the base of a
      toe. Morphine and related drugs suppressed this response. Squeak-responses from
      each toe of an experimental animal formed the basis of a technique for measuring
      activity of analgesic drugs. A statistical method was developed to analyse the
      correlated quantal observations obtained. It provided an estimate of the increase
      of information from several toes compared with one. Testing all toes of each
      animal yielded a substantial increase of information, because the correlation
      between responses of different toes was low. Among drugs having an analgesic
      action in man, 1-(beta-diethyl-aminoethyl)-2-(p-ethoxybenzyl)-5
      nitrobenzimidazole, methadone, morphine, pethidine and codeine (in descending
      order of potency) were active in this test in guinea-pigs. Acetylsalicylic acid,
      amidopyrine, amphetamine, chlorpromazine, 4-hydroxyisophthalic acid, lysergic
      acid diethylamide, mephenesin, nalorphine, pentetrazole, phenobarbitone,
      phencyclidine, phenytoin, salicylamide, strychnine and troxidone showed little or
      no activity. The time-courses of active drugs were estimated, and morphine had
      the longest action.

PMID- 13694703
TI  - Nucleic acid and protein metabolism of the Ilyanassa embryo.

PMID- 13694704
TI  - The localization of ribonucleic acid in the egg of Ilyanassa obsoleta.

PMID- 13694705
TI  - The localization of some phosphorus compounds in the egg of Ilyanassa obsoleta.

PMID- 13694706
TI  - Experiments with trachoma vaccines. Experimental system using inclusion
      blennorrhoea virus.

PMID- 13694707
TI  - On the aetiology and relationship of trachoma and inclusion blennorrhoea.

PMID- 13694708
TI  - [A case of pelada with residual symmetrical temporal alopecia in a patient having
      progressive hemiatrophy of the face associated with iridal hypochromia and
      cataract].

PMID- 13694709
TI  - [Associated left abnormalities: malformations of the hand and foot, congenital
      retinal venous dilatation].

PMID- 13694710
TI  - [Congenital hyperplasia of the left semi-lunar fold and associated
      abnormalities].

PMID- 13694712
TI  - [Incidence of senile hyaline plaques of the sclera associated with limbic
      degeneration with Vogt's white belt].

PMID- 13694711
TI  - [Incidence in France of Vogt's white-belt shaped limbic degeneration as a
      function of age and of sex. Respective incidence of types I and II and of their
      localizations. (Statistical study based on 3,000 examined subjects)].

PMID- 13694713
TI  - [Neuro-ophthalmological manifestations in the course of ectodermosis erosiva
      pluriorificialis].

PMID- 13694714
TI  - [Ocular abnormalities associated with the white forelock].

PMID- 13694715
TI  - [Ocular manifestations associated with Ollier's dyschondroplasia. (Apropos of a
      case consisting of a congenital pigmentation of the retina)].

PMID- 13694716
TI  - [Ocular signs associated with circumscribed cutaneous aplasia].

PMID- 13694717
TI  - [On some unusual pathological conditions associated with hyaline verrucosities of
      the optic papilla].

PMID- 13694718
TI  - [Papillary abnormalities in 3 succeeding generations].

PMID- 13694719
TI  - [Partial circumpupillar aplasia of the left iris with flocculi of the pigmented
      border].

PMID- 13694720
TI  - [Pisciform cataract].

PMID- 13694721
TI  - [Progressive myopathy of the Landouzy-Dejerine type and ocular melanosis].

PMID- 13694722
TI  - [Unilateral mixed crystalline cataract and associated skeletal abnormalities].

PMID- 13694723
TI  - [Vogt's white limbic girdle degenerescence. (Clinical study and etiopathogenetic
      approaches)].

PMID- 13694724
TI  - [Temporal arteritis, painful nodule of the ear and infarctoid retinopathy].

PMID- 13694725
TI  - Immune substances in the brain of mice infected with yellow fever.

PMID- 13694726
TI  - Immunization experiments in mice with dead or neutralized yellow fever virus.

PMID- 13694727
TI  - [Endemic malarial indices of personnel and the environs of the experimental
      station of Ouled Mendil marsh in 1960].

PMID- 13694728
TI  - [Review of cancerology, 1960].

PMID- 13694729
TI  - Defective drainage and allied problems.

PMID- 13694730
TI  - Polyneuropathy associated with nitrofuran therapy.

PMID- 13694731
TI  - Use of alpha-methyl-dopa (alpha-methyl-3,4-dihydroxy-DL-phenylalanine) in the
      management of the carcinoid syndrome.

PMID- 13694732
TI  - Some serological properties of substances extracted from staphylococci and a
      hemolytic Streptococcus.

PMID- 13694733
TI  - Congenital absence of the gall bladder.

PMID- 13694735
TI  - Some aspects of deuterium isotope effects in mechanism studies.

PMID- 13694734
TI  - Results of early repair of vesicovaginal fistula with preliminary cortisone
      treatment.

PMID- 13694736
TI  - Problems encountered in a vascular clinic.

PMID- 13694737
TI  - Anti-malignancy factors apparently present in organically grown foods.

PMID- 13694738
TI  - Left-sided colonic diseases--masquerading as acute, fulminating appendicitis.

PMID- 13694739
TI  - Newer developments in proctology. 5.

PMID- 13694740
TI  - Pseudomembranous enterocolitis. Further observations on the value of donor fecal
      enemata as an adjunct in the treatment of pseudomembranous enterocolitis.

PMID- 13694741
TI  - The grave prognosis of ulcerative colitis engrafted upon acute diverticulitis
      coli.

PMID- 13694742
TI  - The impact of triparanol upon gastroenterology.

PMID- 13694743
TI  - Triparanol and the coloproctologist.

PMID- 13694744
TI  - Triparanol and the nutritionist.

PMID- 13694745
TI  - Sulphate (35SO4) fixation by human articular cartilage compared in the knee and
      shoulder joints.

PMID- 13694746
TI  - Sulphate (35SO4) uptake by chondrocytes in relation to histological changes in
      osteoarthritic human articular cartilage.

PMID- 13694747
TI  - Preserving sputum for examination in the cytology laboratory. Advantages of
      polyvinyl alcohol fixative for maintaining cytologic detail in specimens of
      sputum when processing is delayed.

PMID- 13694748
TI  - Domination among strains of lactic streptococci with attention to antibiotic
      production.

PMID- 13694749
TI  - Biological profile of various growth hormone preparations.

PMID- 13694750
TI  - Growth hormone and radio-sulfate incorporation in costal cartilage. III.
      Characteristics of the growth hormone response.

PMID- 13694751
TI  - Growth hormone and radio-sulfate incorporation in costal cartilage. II.
      Comparison with the tibia test.

PMID- 13694752
TI  - Low temperature chromatography of lipids on cellulose.

PMID- 13694753
TI  - Studies on phospholipids. 7. The distribution of complex phospholipids in various
      species and tissues.

PMID- 13694754
TI  - Studies on phospholipids. 8. Phospholipids in rat-liver mitochondria and
      microsomes.

PMID- 13694755
TI  - Phospholipids containing phosphate triester groups.

PMID- 13694756
TI  - Surgical closure of atrial septal defects.

PMID- 13694757
TI  - The metabolism of C2 compounds in micro-organisms. 4. Synthesis of cell materials
      from acetate by Aspergillus niger.

PMID- 13694758
TI  - Antihistamines and the calcium carbimide-alcohol reaction.

PMID- 13694760
TI  - Tetralogy of Fallot with rheumatic stenosis of the aortic valve.

PMID- 13694759
TI  - How doctors solved the shortage of interns.

PMID- 13694761
TI  - Serum hemoglobin. An evaluation of two methods.

PMID- 13694762
TI  - Bilateral nuclear ophthalmoplegia. Report of a case with cerebellar
      symptomatology.

PMID- 13694763
TI  - Transport of gases through hemoglobin solution.
AB  - A mathematical theory is developed to explain the observed enhancement of oxygen
      transport through solutions by hemoglobin. At high partial pressures of oxygen,
      ordinary diffusion through the solvent accounts for all transport of oxygen, but
      at low partial pressures the transport may be increased many fold by the presence
      of hemoglobin. This phenomenon is explained and the possible role of this
      phenomenon in living organisms is discussed. The theory also indicates a new
      method of determining dissociation curves from diffusion experiments.

PMID- 13694764
TI  - Occupational psychiatry.

PMID- 13694765
TI  - The Ayre T-tube technic--practical application.

PMID- 13694766
TI  - Iatrogenic cardiac arrest.

PMID- 13694767
TI  - The case for B.C.G. vaccination and re-vaccination.

PMID- 13694768
TI  - The performance of color-blind subjects on the color aptitude test.

PMID- 13694769
TI  - The effect of mental set upon vestibular nystagmus and the electroencephalogram.

PMID- 13694770
TI  - Effects of mental activity on vestibular nystagmus and the electroencephalogram.

PMID- 13694772
TI  - Luminosity functions of normal, deuteranomalous, and deuteranopic subjects as
      determined by absolute threshold and CFF measurements.

PMID- 13694771
TI  - Further studies of the effects of mental set upon vestibular nystagmus.

PMID- 13694773
TI  - Peritoneal drainage of subdural hematomas in infants.

PMID- 13694774
TI  - Fiber size and organization of afferent pathways.

PMID- 13694775
TI  - Relation of peripheral nerve fiber size and sensation in man.

PMID- 13694776
TI  - Fallout from 1957 and 1958 nuclear test series.

PMID- 13694777
TI  - A review of surgical results in hiatus hernia.

PMID- 13694778
TI  - Permission for autopsy--granted.

PMID- 13694780
TI  - Management and an occupational health program.

PMID- 13694779
TI  - Poliomyelitis in Nigeria.

PMID- 13694781
TI  - [On 2 cases of cerebral distomiasis caused by Heterophyes heterophyes].

PMID- 13694782
TI  - [Epistemological approach to the compulsive syndrome].

PMID- 13694783
TI  - [Fatal myocardial coronary disease caused by an overdosage of vitamin D 3].

PMID- 13694784
TI  - [The isolation in continuous culture of a strain of cells derived from human
      amnion (I.S.S. amnion, 1960)].

PMID- 13694785
TI  - The diagnosis of pleural disease by closed pleural biopsy.

PMID- 13694786
TI  - Psychotherapy and the ground of being.

PMID- 13694787
TI  - Experimental grafting at the oval window.

PMID- 13694788
TI  - The chemical stability of chlorophyll alpha in monolayers at a water-air
      interface.

PMID- 13694790
TI  - [Results of the histochemistry of the enzymes of the central and peripheral
      nervous systems].

PMID- 13694791
TI  - [Automatic classification of preparations in cytology by exfoliation].

PMID- 13694792
TI  - Appendectomy by exteriorization.

PMID- 13694789
TI  - [Neuropathology of listeriosis].

PMID- 13694793
TI  - [Structure of the ectoplasmatic wall of Eberthella typhi. Nature and localization
      of the lysozyme substrate].

PMID- 13694794
TI  - [The ectoplastic wall of bacteria].

PMID- 13694795
TI  - [Interference of an inhibitor in the course of development of Myxovirus
      parainfluenzae I (Sendai virus) in the embryonated chicken egg].

PMID- 13694796
TI  - [Lytic properties of the serum. IV. Interference of antipoliomyelitic vaccine on
      the increase of obsistin induced in the monkey by antityphoparatyphoid A and B
      vaccination].

PMID- 13694797
TI  - [Lytic properties of the serum. III. Influence in the monkey of
      antityphoparatyphoid vaccination on obsistin content].

PMID- 13694798
TI  - [The lytic properties of normal serum. II. GObsistin and Vi antigen of Eberthella
      typhi].

PMID- 13694799
TI  - [Current points of view on epidemic hepatitis].

PMID- 13694800
TI  - [On the nature of the membrane limiting protoplasts obtained by the action of
      lysozyme of Bacillus megaterium].

PMID- 13694801
TI  - [Cutaneous atrophy of the uncovered regions with dyskeratoses and multiple
      epitheliomatoses. Pathogenic discussion. Arsenism. Hypovitaminosis A].

PMID- 13694802
TI  - [Apropos of varicose lichen planus].

PMID- 13694803
TI  - [Apropos of varicose lichen planus].

PMID- 13694805
TI  - [Double kidney-ureter. Clinical-case history contribution].

PMID- 13694804
TI  - [Physiopathology of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria].

PMID- 13694806
TI  - [Renal aplasia and hypoplasia (clinico-casuistic contribution)].

PMID- 13694807
TI  - [An interesting case].

PMID- 13694808
TI  - [On the interference between the myopathic and nervous lesions in the Stilling
      Turk-Duane syndrome. (Apropos of 2 familial cases)].

PMID- 13694809
TI  - [Radiological, electroacoustic and morphological findings in a very late
      posttraumatic intracerebral pneumocephalus].

PMID- 13694810
TI  - [Rheographic findings in cerebral vasculopathy].

PMID- 13694811
TI  - [Spontaneous muscular activity of peripheral myotonic type in muscular
      dystrophy].

PMID- 13694813
TI  - [Gonadal dose during stratigraphy of the thorax].

PMID- 13694812
TI  - [Recurrences after chemo-antibiotic therapy, used alone or in combination with
      medical collapse therapy, in pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13694814
TI  - [A new transistor stimulator].

PMID- 13694815
TI  - [A transistor stimulator].

PMID- 13694816
TI  - [Research on the mode of conjugation of bilirubin. II. The biliary secretion of
      total bilirubin and of its chromatographic fractions in the rat during the course
      of loading with free bilirubin].

PMID- 13694817
TI  - [Behavior of euglobulinic glycoproteins of the serum in rheumatoid arthritis and
      in other morbose forms].

PMID- 13694818
TI  - [Fractures of the facial skeleton and their surgical treatment].

PMID- 13694819
TI  - [Considerations on the indications of partial nephrectomy].

PMID- 13694820
TI  - [Growth in vitro of a single colony of a strain of guinea pig kidney cells].

PMID- 13694821
TI  - Chloride-secreting cells in the gills of European eels.

PMID- 13694822
TI  - [From the Italian literature, 1958].

PMID- 13694823
TI  - [Preliminary results with 2-sulfanilamido-3-methoxypyrazine in pediatric cases].

PMID- 13694824
TI  - [Physiokinesitherapy in the shoulder-hand syndrome in hemiplegics].

PMID- 13694826
TI  - [Relation between leukocytal osmotic resistance and prematurity].

PMID- 13694825
TI  - Liver phosphorylase in normal and adrenalectomized dogs treated with serotonin.

PMID- 13694827
TI  - [The Velez index as a diagnostic and prognostic method in tuberculous disorders
      in infancy].

PMID- 13694828
TI  - [Furazolidone in the treatment of gastro-intestinal diseases in infants].

PMID- 13694830
TI  - [Diagnosis of infantile nephropathies].

PMID- 13694829
TI  - [Research on the income and living conditions of the needy aged residents of the
      city of Milan].

PMID- 13694831
TI  - [National report. IV. Educational aspects].

PMID- 13694832
TI  - [The lymph node threat in cancers of the oral cavity].

PMID- 13694833
TI  - [Hernioplasty according to Lanzilao in relation to crural recurrence after repair
      of an inguinal hernia].

PMID- 13694834
TI  - [Hernioplasty according to Lanzilao in the surgical treatment of inguinal hernia.
      Indications].

PMID- 13694835
TI  - [Practical importance of the Sgambati reaction in the differential diagnosis of
      acute abdomen].

PMID- 13694836
TI  - [Further research on the action of progesterone in the adhesion reaction of the
      peritoneum].

PMID- 13694837
TI  - [On the action of an antibiotic-enzyme association (chloramphenicol-trypsin) on
      wound healing].

PMID- 13694838
TI  - [Research on the use of proteolytic enzymes in peritoneal adhesion reaction].

PMID- 13694839
TI  - [DNA and proteins in isolated rat liver cells].

PMID- 13694840
TI  - [Histochemical aspects of isolated hepatic cells in tissue culture].

PMID- 13694841
TI  - Adenomyomatosis of the gall-bladder (intramural diverticulosis).

PMID- 13694842
TI  - [A Sterling Bunnell procedure for the repair of the digital commissures by
      rotation of flap grafts].

PMID- 13694843
TI  - [Retraction of the axilla by burns. Treatment by rotation of flaps of adjoining
      skin].

PMID- 13694844
TI  - [Early vascular shock in burn patients. Clinical test].

PMID- 13694845
TI  - Antigenicity of deoxyribonucleic acids from mouse liver and from the Ehrlich
      ascites tumour.

PMID- 13694846
TI  - Interaction of viral nucleic acids with mammalian ceggf.

PMID- 13694847
TI  - The ribonucleases of mouse ascites tumors.

PMID- 13694848
TI  - [Comparative observations on the biochemical and histological aspects of
      experimental hepatitis in mice caused by the EDP virus].

PMID- 13694849
TI  - [Relation between an increase in plasma sorbitol dehydrogenase activity and
      hepatocellular lesions in infections by Craig MHV-3 virus].

PMID- 13694850
TI  - [Enzymatic activity of the pentosephosphate cycle in erythrocytes in the course
      of experimental hemolytic anemia: trans-ketolase activity].

PMID- 13694851
TI  - [Preliminary data on the transamination reactions of aromatic amino acids in the
      blood].

PMID- 13694852
TI  - [Physiopathology of serum aldolase activity and its significance in the diagnosis
      of hepatic disorders].

PMID- 13694853
TI  - [Biochemical aspects of the pathology caused by anti-organ antibodies: enzymatic
      modifications of the liver tissue of mice treated with anti-liver serum].

PMID- 13694855
TI  - [Premature detachment of the normally implanted placenta. Considerations on
      etiopathogenesis and treatment].

PMID- 13694854
TI  - [Skin ulcer of the phagedenic type during the course of idiopathic ulcerative
      colitis].

PMID- 13694856
TI  - [Periodic activity in a case of tubercular meningitis disappearing in company
      with clinical recovery].

PMID- 13694857
TI  - Aspects and trends of action for prevention of work accidents and occupational
      diseases

PMID- 13694859
TI  - [Diminution of the visual faculties and criteria of evaluation of damage in the
      insured accident patient].

PMID- 13694858
TI  - [Decrease in visual acuity and criteria of disability evaluation in compulsary
      insurance].

PMID- 13694860
TI  - [On the sensitivity of Anopheles to DDT in relation to the eradication of
      malaria].

PMID- 13694861
TI  - [The eradication of malaria. A world-wide challenge].

PMID- 13694862
TI  - [Some morphological and biological data on Italian forms of Anopheles claviger
      Meigen].

PMID- 13694863
TI  - Problems in management of acute traumatic nonpenetrating chest injuries.

PMID- 13694864
TI  - The formation of cellulose microfibrils in suspensions of Acetobacter xylinum.

PMID- 13694865
TI  - Extracellular glucose-1-phosphate in Acetobacter xylinum and its role in
      cellulose synthesis.

PMID- 13694866
TI  - Variation of elasticity along single microfibrils of bacterial cellulose.

PMID- 13694867
TI  - The education of emotionally disturbed children in a residential treatment
      center.

PMID- 13694868
TI  - Histology of small blood vessel disease in diabetes.

PMID- 13694869
TI  - Medical education at Cook County Hospital.

PMID- 13694870
TI  - Teaching of diabetes in medical schools. Proceedings of the Diabetes Program
      Directors' workshop.

PMID- 13694871
TI  - 6 themes and menus for holiday parties.

PMID- 13694872
TI  - The role of the employer in the health of the worker.

PMID- 13694873
TI  - Taxonomic relationships among the pseudomonads.
AB  - Colwell, R. R. (University of Washington, Seattle), and J. Liston. Taxonomic
      relationships among the pseudomonads. J. Bacteriol. 82:1-14. 1961.-An electronic
      computer technique, utilizing the Adansonian principle that every feature should
      have equal weight, was applied in an effort to derive a taxonomy of the
      Pseudomonas-Achromobacter group of gram-negative, asporogenous, rodlike bacteria.
      The validity of the general method was tested by an analysis of 40 well defined
      strains, principally derived from type culture collections and representative of
      different genera and families of the Pseudomonadales and the Eubacteriales. The
      analysis clearly separated groups which are recognized to be taxonomically
      distinct. Aerogenic Aeromonas were most similar to the Enterobacteriaceae and
      taxonomically distinct from the anaerogenic Aeromonas formicans which was more
      similar to the Pseudomonas group. Oxidative Vibrio species grouped with
      Pseudomonas and probably should be renamed Pseudomonas. Fermentative Vibrio
      species showed affinities with A. formicans.Fifty-four Pseudomonas strains out of
      58 tested in an analysis of 80 bacterial cultures, clustered into four large
      groups: group 1, a marine group within which appeared a psychrophilic,
      nonproteolytic species subgroup related to Vibrio beijerinckii and a subgeneric
      subgroup which included Pseudomonas elongata; group 2, a subgeneric mesophilic
      group including Vibrio percolans and associated with Pseudomonas fragi; group 3,
      a fluorescent pigment-producing group, including three subgroups, a psychrophilic
      aeruginosa-like species group, a mesophilic Pseudomonas aeruginosa species group,
      and a heterogeneous subgeneric group containing Vibrio cuneatus and related to
      Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas pavonacea; group 4, a subgeneric
      nonpigment-producing, mesophilic group, which included Vibrio tyrogenus,
      Pseudomonas ovalis, and Pseudomonas denitrificans.

PMID- 13694874
TI  - Taxonomy of Xanthomonas and Pseudomonas.

PMID- 13694875
TI  - Changes in the spermatozoon during fertilization in Hydroides hexagonus
      (Annelida). II. Incorporation with the egg.
AB  - This, the last of a series of three papers, deals with the final events which
      lead to the incorporation of the spermatozoon with the egg. The material used
      consisted of moderately polyspermic eggs of Hydroides hexagonus, osmium-fixed at
      various times up to five minutes after insemination. The first direct contact of
      sperm head with egg proper is by means of the acrosomal tubules. These deeply
      indent the egg plasma membrane, and consequently at the apex of the sperm head
      the surfaces of the two gametes become interdigitated. But at first the sperm and
      egg plasma membranes maintain their identity and a cross-section through the
      region of interdigitation shows these two membranes as a number of sets of two
      closely concentric rings. The egg plasma membrane rises to form a cone which
      starts to project into the hole which the spermatozoon earlier had produced in
      the vitelline membrane by means of lysis. But the cone does not literally engulf
      the sperm head. Instead, where they come into contact, sperm plasma membrane and
      egg plasma membrane fuse to form one continuous membranous sheet. At this
      juncture the two gametes have in effect become mutually incorporated and have
      formed a single fertilized cell with one continuous bounding membrane. At this
      time, at least, the membrane is a mosaic of mostly egg plasma membrane and a
      patch of sperm plasma membrane. The evidence indicates that the fusion of the two
      membranes results from vesiculation of the sperm and egg plasma membranes in the
      region at which they come to adjoin. Once this fusion of membranes is
      accomplished, the egg cytoplasm intrudes between the now common membrane and the
      internal sperm structures, such as the nucleus, and even extends into the
      flagellum; finally these sperm structures come to lie in the main body of the
      egg. The vesiculation suggested above appears possibly to resemble pinocytosis,
      with the difference that the vesicles are formed from the plasma membranes of two
      cells. At no time, however, is the sperm as a whole engulfed and brought to the
      interior of the egg within a large vesicle.

PMID- 13694876
TI  - Fine structure of the spermatozoon of Hydroides hexagonus (Annelida), with
      special reference to the acrosomal region.
AB  - This paper describes in some detail the structure of the acrosomal region of the
      spermatozoon of Hydroides as a basis for subsequent papers which will deal with
      the structural changes which this region undergoes during fertilization. The
      material was osmium-fixed and mild centrifugation was used to aggregate the
      spermatozoa from collection to final embedding. The studies concern also the
      acrosomal regions of frozen-thawed sperm prepared by a method which previously
      had yielded extracts with egg membrane lytic activity. The plasma membrane
      closely envelops four readily recognizable regions of the spermatozoon:
      acrosomal, nuclear, mitochondrial, and flagellar. The acrosome consists of an
      acrosomal vesicle which is bounded by a single continuous membrane, and its
      periphery is distinguishable into inner, intermediate, and outer zones. The inner
      and intermediate zones form a pocket into which the narrowed apex of the nucleus
      intrudes. Granular material adjoins the inner surface of the acrosomal membrane,
      and this material is characteristically different for each zone. Centrally, the
      acrosomal vesicle is spanned by an acrosomal granule: its base is at the inner
      zone and its apex at the outer zone. The apex of the acrosomal granule flares out
      and touches the acrosomal membrane over a limited area. In this limited area the
      adjoining granular material of the outer zone is lacking. The acrosomal membrane
      of the inner zone is invaginated into about fifteen short tubules. The acrosomal
      membrane of the outer zone is closely surrounded by the plasma membrane. At the
      apex of the acrosomal region a small apical vesicle is sandwiched between the
      plasma membrane and the acrosomal membrane. Numerous frozen-thawed specimens and
      occasional specimens not so treated show acrosomal regions at the apex of which
      there is a well defined opening or orifice. Around the rim or lip of this orifice
      plasma and acrosomal membranes may even be fused into a continuum. The evidence
      indicates that the apical vesicle and the parts of the plasma and acrosomal
      membranes which surround it constitute a lid, and the rim of this lid constitutes
      a natural "fracture line" or rim of dehiscence. Should fracture occur, the lid
      would be removed and the acrosomal vesicle would be open to the exterior.

PMID- 13694878
TI  - Preventive treatment of retinal detachment by means of light coagulation.

PMID- 13694877
TI  - Changes in the spermatozoon during fertilization in Hydroides hexagonus
      (Annelida). I. Passage of the acrosomal region through the vitelline membrane.
AB  - In the previous paper the structure of the acrosomal region of the spermatozoon
      was described. The present paper describes the changes which this region
      undergoes during passage through the vitelline membrane. The material used
      consisted of moderately polyspermic eggs of Hydroides hexagonus, osmium-fixed
      usually 9 seconds after insemination. There are essentially four major changes in
      the acrosome during passage of the sperm head through the vitelline membrane.
      First, the acrosome breaks open apically by a kind of dehiscence which results in
      the formation of a well defined orifice. Around the lips of the orifice the edges
      of the plasma and acrosomal membranes are then found to be fused to form a
      continuous membranous sheet. Second, the walls of the acrosomal vesicle are
      completely everted, and this appears to be the means by which the apex of the
      sperm head is moved through the vitelline membrane. The lip of the orifice comes
      to lie deeper and deeper within the vitelline membrane. At the same time the lip
      itself is made up of constantly changing material as first the material of the
      outer zone and then that of the intermediate zone everts. One is reminded of the
      lip of an amphibian blastopore, which during gastrulation maintains its
      morphological identity as a lip but is nevertheless made up of constantly
      changing cells, with constantly changing outline and even constantly changing
      position. Third, the large acrosomal granule rapidly disappears. This
      disappearance is closely correlated with a corresponding disappearance of a part
      of the principal material of the vitelline membrane from before it, and the
      suggestion is made that the acrosomal granule is the source of the lysin which
      dissolves this part of the vitelline membrane. Fourth, in the inner zone the
      fifteen or so short tubular invaginations of the acrosomal membrane, present in
      the normal unreacted spermatozoon, lengthen considerably to become a tuft of
      acrosomal tubules. These tubules are the first structures of the advancing sperm
      head to touch the plasma membrane of the egg. It is notable that the surface of
      the acrosomal tubules which once faced into the closed acrosomal cavity becomes
      the first part of the sperm plasma membrane to meet the plasma membrane of the
      egg. The acrosomal tubules of Hydroides, which arise simply by lengthening of
      already existing shorter tubules, are considered to represent the acrosome
      filaments of other species.

PMID- 13694879
TI  - Erythema multiforme and nephritis.

PMID- 13694880
TI  - Reduction in cellular adhesiveness upon contact with a carcinogen.

PMID- 13694881
TI  - [An aspect of rhinogenic headache].

PMID- 13694882
TI  - Assessment of chronic exposure to radiostrontium by urinary assay.

PMID- 13694883
TI  - Status of surveys for radionuclides in foods.

PMID- 13694884
TI  - Hypothermia in acute surgical emergencies.

PMID- 13694885
TI  - [Multiple simultaneous stratoroentgenography of the renal area].

PMID- 13694886
TI  - [Roentgenocinematographical study of the dynamics of the calyx renalis].

PMID- 13694887
TI  - A simple retainer for a cystoscope.

PMID- 13694888
TI  - New apparatus. Carbon dioxide actuated clamp for quadriplegic bladder training.

PMID- 13694889
TI  - Chronic infection of the urinary tract among patients with spinal cord injury.

PMID- 13694890
TI  - Exploratory laparotomies to minimize "geographical misses" in radiotherapy.

PMID- 13694891
TI  - Uridine nucleotides containing 2, 6-diaminopimelic acid from Escherichia coli.

PMID- 13694892
TI  - [Apropos of an epidemic of Heine-Medin disease observed at the Hopital-Sanatorium
      d'Enfants de Beni-Messous].

PMID- 13694893
TI  - [Intraocular pressure and rigidity reaction in experimental increase in venous
      pressure].

PMID- 13694894
TI  - The physiological significance of the secretion of endogenous insulin into the
      portal circulation. IV. Hepatic uptake of glucose during glucose infusion in non
      diabetic dogs.

PMID- 13694895
TI  - A liver enzyme that conjugates sulfobromophthalein sodium with glutathione.

PMID- 13694896
TI  - Estimation of hepatic blood flow in man and in dogs by I 131-labeled rose bengal;
      simultaneous comparison with sulfobromophthalein sodium.

PMID- 13694897
TI  - The wet dressing. Its use in acute cutaneous inflammation.

PMID- 13694898
TI  - [Encephalomeningeal states following combined or separate vaccinations against
      smallpox and yellow fever].

PMID- 13694899
TI  - [On the subject of 5 cases of recovery from hepatic coma of viral origin in the
      course of pregnancy].

PMID- 13694900
TI  - [Erythrocytic equilibrium in cirrhosis of the liver].

PMID- 13694901
TI  - Cerebello-cerebral connections in the monkey as revealed by the evoked-potential
      method.

PMID- 13694902
TI  - Quality and quantity of final product--poultry.

PMID- 13694903
TI  - Change in sense modality as a factor in retroactive inhibition.

PMID- 13694905
TI  - [Dermatological disorders in current medical practice].

PMID- 13694904
TI  - [Applications of experimental dermatology in modern ecological medicine].

PMID- 13694906
TI  - [Functional angiological morphology].

PMID- 13694907
TI  - [On the significance of the relationships between the vascular- and connective
      tissue system for the prevention of venous diseases].

PMID- 13694908
TI  - [Phlebology and histangiology in the framework of general angiology].

PMID- 13694909
TI  - [The mansion of life].

PMID- 13694910
TI  - Education for service in nursing homes.

PMID- 13694911
TI  - TM 10 activity in cholinergic compounds.

PMID- 13694912
TI  - Experiences with milieu therapy in a general hospital.

PMID- 13694913
TI  - Specificity of milieu therapy.

PMID- 13694914
TI  - Nutrition and longevity in animals.

PMID- 13694916
TI  - The life span of animals.

PMID- 13694915
TI  - The effect of age on growth-resumption in fish (Lebistes) checked by food
      restriction.

PMID- 13694917
TI  - [On a rare case of voluminous endoperitoneal foreign body].

PMID- 13694918
TI  - [Behavior of the "C-reactive" protein in subjects with malignant neoplasms
      subjected to radiotherapeutic treatment].

PMID- 13694919
TI  - [On the subject of persistent metopic suture. Statistical radiological
      considerations].

PMID- 13694920
TI  - [On a case of bilateral laryngocele].

PMID- 13694921
TI  - The postembryonic developmental instars of Diaptomus siciloides Lilljeborg.

PMID- 13694922
TI  - [Treatment of atonic wounds with papain].

PMID- 13694923
TI  - [Free autograft of the lower lip. (I)].

PMID- 13694924
TI  - [On a case of vaterian ampulloma revealed before the icteric phase].

PMID- 13694925
TI  - [The indications of splenectomy in conditions other than injuries].

PMID- 13694926
TI  - [Spontaneous rupture of the spleen].

PMID- 13694927
TI  - The release of adrenaline and noradrenaline from the adrenal glands of the foetal
      sheep.

PMID- 13694928
TI  - Some effects of dietary thiouracil and dietary iodine supplementation on the
      responses of the immature pullet to estrogen.

PMID- 13694929
TI  - Free radicals in surviving tissues.

PMID- 13694930
TI  - In defense of biology.

PMID- 13694931
TI  - [Blood coagulation in pregnancy].

PMID- 13694932
TI  - [Plastic containers in transfusional activity].

PMID- 13694933
TI  - [The significance of leucine-amino-peptidase in the differential diagnosis of
      jaundice].

PMID- 13694934
TI  - [Coenzyme A].

PMID- 13694935
TI  - [Primary carcinoma of the ureter].

PMID- 13694936
TI  - [Observations and considerations apropos of a probable active function of the
      valvular apparatus of certain veins of muscular type].

PMID- 13694937
TI  - Selection of optimum treatment for arthrosis of the hip.

PMID- 13694938
TI  - The care of fractures in the patient with multiple injuries.

PMID- 13694939
TI  - The prevention of sports injuries.

PMID- 13694941
TI  - The establishment of a new class of meat inspector in England and Wales.

PMID- 13694940
TI  - Effect of irradiated normal tissues on the growth of mouse carcinoma.

PMID- 13694942
TI  - Antituberculosis agents. VII. 4,4'-Dipyridyl sulphone and related compounds.

PMID- 13694943
TI  - The pharmacological actions of nicotine.

PMID- 13694944
TI  - [Osler's splenic pancytopenia. Excellent results of splenectomy].

PMID- 13694945
TI  - [The interrelation between the thymus and the hypophysis].

PMID- 13694946
TI  - Exposure of mice to nitrogen dioxide--a constant pressure system.

PMID- 13694947
TI  - Critical evaluation of a recent trial of isoniazid prophylaxis.

PMID- 13694948
TI  - Decline of the tuberculosis epidemic in Alaska.

PMID- 13694949
TI  - A comparison of purified tuberculins in the south-eastern USA.
AB  - Simultaneous tests with 5 TU of the purified tuberculins PPD-S and RT 19-20-21
      were given to 1617 schoolchildren in Muscogee County, Ga., and Russell County,
      Ala., USA. Contrary to findings reported from other places, in this area the
      qualitative differences between the two antigens were considerable. Low-grade
      tuberculin sensitivity, presumably nonspecific in nature, was evoked by RT 19-20
      21 much more frequently than by PPD-S. Because of this finding, it is obvious
      that doses of tuberculins which give equivalent responses in one population may
      not give equivalent responses in other populations whose causes of tuberculin
      sensitivity may be quite different.

PMID- 13694950
TI  - [Subtotal hemisection of the bladder by the intraperitoneal approach in the
      treatment of various vesicovaginal fistulas].

PMID- 13694951
TI  - [The problem of the rickettsial etiology of chronic juvenile arteritis].

PMID- 13694952
TI  - [Apropos of 4 cases of recurrent epiphyseal myeloplaxis tumors. Problems posed by
      their recurrence in the soft tissue].

PMID- 13694953
TI  - [Apropos of several cases of giant papillary tumors of the thyroid body].

PMID- 13694954
TI  - [Preliminary note on the accelerated treatment of Pott's disease. Apropos of 176
      cases].

PMID- 13694955
TI  - [Surgical treatment of cancer of the uterine cervix in non-specialized centers.
      What one can do-what one should not do].

PMID- 13694956
TI  - [Elastolytic power of culture filtrates of a germ belonging to the subtilis-mes
      entericus group].

PMID- 13694957
TI  - [On the biogenesis of catechin].

PMID- 13694958
TI  - [Are the doses of succinylcholine used in anesthesia too high?].

PMID- 13694959
TI  - Changes in the phage-typing patterns of Staphlococci following lysogenization
      with a related group of Staphylococcus bacteriophages.

PMID- 13694960
TI  - Serotonin for conditioning of the animal host.

PMID- 13694962
TI  - The use and abuse of physical therapy.

PMID- 13694961
TI  - The usefulness of THAM in metabolic acidosis.

PMID- 13694964
TI  - Medical status of Marshall Islanders in 1959, five years after exposure to
      fallout radiation.

PMID- 13694965
TI  - An attempt to quantify some clinical criteria of aging.

PMID- 13694967
TI  - [A case of Turner's syndrome].

PMID- 13694966
TI  - Ice packs in diabetic neuropathy.

PMID- 13694968
TI  - [Experience with phenformin (DBI) in diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 13694970
TI  - [Oral therapy of diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 13694969
TI  - [Therapeutic trials with metahexamide in diabetes].

PMID- 13694971
TI  - Gastric pepsinogen secretion and blood catecholamines after posterior hypothalmic
      stimulation.

PMID- 13694972
TI  - Mammalian glycosidases. 3. The intracellular localization of beta-glucuronidase
      in different mammalian tissues.

PMID- 13694974
TI  - Memorandum on vagrants.

PMID- 13694973
TI  - A trisaccharide glycoside from wheat germ.

PMID- 13694975
TI  - [Acute abdomen in perforation of Meckel's diverticulum. (Clinical case)].

PMID- 13694976
TI  - [Primary gastric localization of malignant lymphogranuloma].

PMID- 13694977
TI  - [Tumors of the cecal appendix (a case of fibromyxoma)].

PMID- 13694978
TI  - [Chemical and biological research on "thiophenicol glycinate"].

PMID- 13694979
TI  - [Mitral disease in the senile age].

PMID- 13694980
TI  - [On an unusual abnormality of the choledochal outlet].

PMID- 13694981
TI  - [Treatment of recurrent dislocations of the mandible].

PMID- 13694982
TI  - [Therapeutic value of the continental climate (central Spanish high plateau)].

PMID- 13694983
TI  - [First centenary of Meniere's disease].

PMID- 13694984
TI  - [The first centenary of Meniere's disease].

PMID- 13694985
TI  - Cholecystostomy in the aged.

PMID- 13694986
TI  - Congenital generalized fibromatosis. Case report, with roentgen manifestations.

PMID- 13694987
TI  - [Coronary regulation in relation to clinical experimentation].

PMID- 13694988
TI  - [Meditations and research of a clinician on peripheral vascular sensitivity].

PMID- 13694989
TI  - [On the death of Giovanni DI GUGLIELMO].

PMID- 13694990
TI  - [Studies on peripheral vascular sensitivity; on the specific seat of peripheral
      KCN-irritable vascular receptors in the muscular arterioles].

PMID- 13694991
TI  - [The location and conduction pathways of peripheral vascular sensitivity].

PMID- 13694992
TI  - [The receptors of peripheral muscle vessels which are sensitive to chemical
      irritants and their effect on respiration].

PMID- 13694993
TI  - [The veritol test of Condorelli in the peripheral chromohemodromographic
      detection of the interatrial septum communication].

PMID- 13694994
TI  - [Contribution to the knowledge of the hemodynamics of the portal circulation in
      the dog].

PMID- 13694995
TI  - [Intraosseous circulation in the vertebral bodies. Morphological and functional
      premise. Technic of research and preliminary results (experimental study)].

PMID- 13694996
TI  - [Intra-osseous tensiography of the lumbar vertebral bodies in man].

PMID- 13694997
TI  - A study on the mechanism of action of cocaine on amphibian peripheral nerve.

PMID- 13694998
TI  - [On some indices of liver function after a temporary bilateral arrest of renal
      blood flow].

PMID- 13694999
TI  - Bovine schistosomiasis in southern.

PMID- 13695000
TI  - De pondere infantum recens natorum. The history of weighing the newborn infant.

PMID- 13695001
TI  - A probable partial deletion of the Y chromosome in an intersex patient.

PMID- 13695002
TI  - The radioactively contaminated patient under combat conditions.

PMID- 13695003
TI  - [Leukocyte chronoresistance in vitro in hemolytic anemias].

PMID- 13695004
TI  - The nervous system and lipid metabolism of adipose tissue. 1. Influence of
      denervation on lipid mobilization processes, lipid synthesis and lipopexia in the
      interscapular adipose body of the rat.

PMID- 13695005
TI  - [The chronoresistance in vitro of leukocytes in the blood of subjects studied
      during reactions caused by total blood transfusion].

PMID- 13695006
TI  - Foot care for mental patients.

PMID- 13695007
TI  - [Conservative therapy and extrarenal dialysis in the treatment of renal
      insufficiency].

PMID- 13695008
TI  - [Periarteritis nodosa and the respiratory apparatus].

PMID- 13695009
TI  - Prevention of bone marrow heterografting. Use of isologous thymus in lethally
      irradiated mice.

PMID- 13695010
TI  - Radiation and cancer.

PMID- 13695011
TI  - Progress in the medical care of acute poliomyelitis.

PMID- 13695012
TI  - A case of multiple personality illustrating the transition from role-playing.

PMID- 13695013
TI  - Diverticulitis of the colon. A study of methods of treatment.

PMID- 13695014
TI  - Routine proctoscopic examinations.

PMID- 13695015
TI  - Control of postoperative nausea and vomiting. A double blind study of
      perphenazine (Trilafon) in two hundred and thirty-six patients.

PMID- 13695016
TI  - Obstruction of the bladder neck in the male infant and child. Present concepts of
      diagnostic methods and management, and a report of 14 cases.

PMID- 13695017
TI  - [Modifications of the morphology and electrophoretic characteristics of the
      soluble proteins of hepatic mitochondria in acute poisoning by acetylcholine and
      anticholinesterase substances in the rat].

PMID- 13695018
TI  - Management of exophthalmos.

PMID- 13695019
TI  - Simmonds-Sheehan syndrome. A brief discussion and case presentation.

PMID- 13695020
TI  - Splenic enlargement due to Boeck's sarcoid. A case report.

PMID- 13695021
TI  - An evaluation of public relations.

PMID- 13695022
TI  - Blood platelets and platelet transfusions.

PMID- 13695023
TI  - Facial nerve grafting.

PMID- 13695024
TI  - Glottic reconstruction and wound rehabilitation. Procedures in partial
      laryngectomy.

PMID- 13695025
TI  - The use of regional flaps in head and neck surgery.

PMID- 13695026
TI  - The use of regional flaps in head and neck surgery.

PMID- 13695027
TI  - Polylogue on practice.

PMID- 13695028
TI  - Post occlusion hypertension and plasma catecholamine levels.

PMID- 13695029
TI  - An anaesthetic spray.

PMID- 13695030
TI  - Anaesthesia with hypothermia for open heart surgery in children.

PMID- 13695031
TI  - Ionic influences on quinidinealbumin interaction.

PMID- 13695032
TI  - Some quantitative aspects of the binding of quinidine and related quinoline
      compounds by human serum albumin.

PMID- 13695033
TI  - A comparison of the radiologic and esophagoscopic diagnosis of esophageal
      varices.

PMID- 13695034
TI  - Ammonia tolerance as an index of portal-systemic collateral circulation in
      cirrhosis.

PMID- 13695035
TI  - Asterixis in non-hepatic disorders.

PMID- 13695036
TI  - The recognition and management of hepatic coma.

PMID- 13695037
TI  - A simple, accurate method for early differentiation of partial and full thickness
      burns.

PMID- 13695038
TI  - Operative management of femoropopliteal atherosclerotic occlusive disease with
      illustrative cases.

PMID- 13695039
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of malignant surface tumors.

PMID- 13695040
TI  - The use of hypnosis and suggestion in general practice.

PMID- 13695041
TI  - Primary aldosteronism versus hypertensive disease with secondary aldosteronism.

PMID- 13695042
TI  - Aldosteronism and hypertension. Primary aldosteronism versus hypertensive disease
      with secondary aldosteronism.

PMID- 13695043
TI  - Amyloid disease of the bone marrow. Diagnosis by sternal marrow a spiration.

PMID- 13695044
TI  - Fluorimetric determination of creatine.

PMID- 13695045
TI  - A comparative cytologic study. Acridine-orange versus Papanicolaou technique.

PMID- 13695046
TI  - Purchasing. More value for food dollars.

PMID- 13695047
TI  - Prolonged hypothermia below 25 degrees C. for periods over 20 hours influence of
      therapy and technique on survival.

PMID- 13695048
TI  - The cancericidal effects of x irradiation at body temperature below 10 degrees C.

PMID- 13695049
TI  - [Hypothermia and its biochemical control].

PMID- 13695050
TI  - Wireless telemetering from the digestive tract.
AB  - This paper describes the construction and use of "radio pills" which transmit
      changes in intraluminar pressure.

PMID- 13695051
TI  - The motility of the pelvic colon. 1. Motility in normals and in patients with
      asymptomatic duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 13695052
TI  - Uterus didelphys presenting as leukorrhea. Report of a case.

PMID- 13695053
TI  - The purification of haptoglobin.

PMID- 13695054
TI  - A clinical evaluation of oxyphenbutazone in surgical inflammatory lesions.

PMID- 13695055
TI  - The nature of the components liberated by treatment of cod myosin with alkali or
      with low concentrations of urea.

PMID- 13695056
TI  - The relative stabilities of the skeletal-muscle myosins of some animals.

PMID- 13695057
TI  - Chromatographic fractionation of phosvitin.

PMID- 13695058
TI  - Are personal history data of value in selecting employees? Preliminary
      observations.

PMID- 13695059
TI  - Crushing thoracic trauma.

PMID- 13695060
TI  - Studies of bovine portal blood. I. Establishment and maintenance of portal and
      mesenteric vein catheters.

PMID- 13695061
TI  - Oral pathology in non-acute bacterial endocarditis.

PMID- 13695062
TI  - Cardiopulmonary changes in scleroderma. A physiologic study.

PMID- 13695063
TI  - Simplified determination of the lipid components of blood serum.

PMID- 13695064
TI  - The relation of the federal government to metropolitan areas.

PMID- 13695065
TI  - Fatal septic thrombophlebitis due to Candida albicans after prolonged antibiotic
      therapy.

PMID- 13695066
TI  - Metabolic interactions between L-ascorbic acid and drugs.

PMID- 13695067
TI  - Contrasting effects of thyroxin on zoxazolamine and hexobarbital metabolism.

PMID- 13695068
TI  - Stimulatory effect of chlorcyclizine on barbiturate metabolism.

PMID- 13695069
TI  - Hormone management of cancer. (Malignancies of males and females. Surgical and
      nonsurgical).

PMID- 13695070
TI  - An experimental study of the technique and effects of selective brain cooling.

PMID- 13695071
TI  - Massive pulmonary infarction simulating carcinoma of the lung.

PMID- 13695072
TI  - Seminoma in a nonagenarian complicated by pathological fracture of the humerus.

PMID- 13695073
TI  - Basal cell carcinoma occurring in burn scars.

PMID- 13695074
TI  - Myocarditis during Coxsackie BS infection.

PMID- 13695075
TI  - What acceptance means to patients.

PMID- 13695076
TI  - Juvenile fibromatosis. A case report showing invasion of the bone.

PMID- 13695078
TI  - Head injuries.

PMID- 13695077
TI  - The pediatrician's responsibility to the pediatric surgeon.

PMID- 13695079
TI  - Cerebrovascular stroke.

PMID- 13695080
TI  - Effect of artificial fever in increasing susceptibility to bacterial endotoxin.

PMID- 13695081
TI  - Aerospace nuclear safety.

PMID- 13695082
TI  - Sequestration and its applications.

PMID- 13695083
TI  - Pseudoxanthoma elasticum and angioid streaks. A review of 106 cases.

PMID- 13695085
TI  - A work sampling study of variations in nursing work load.

PMID- 13695084
TI  - Radiation fallout and its health implications.

PMID- 13695086
TI  - Plasma lipoprotein lipase after subcutaneous heparin.

PMID- 13695087
TI  - Effect of dietary cholesterol upon serum lipids in man.

PMID- 13695089
TI  - The effect of fatty acids on the formation of thrombi.

PMID- 13695088
TI  - The serum lipids in men receiving high cholesterol and cholesterol-free diets.

PMID- 13695090
TI  - Comparison of lipoprotein lipase and clotting activity in lymph and plasma after
      heparin.

PMID- 13695091
TI  - Dietary cholestrol and the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.

PMID- 13695092
TI  - The marketplace and the training of physicians.

PMID- 13695093
TI  - Shape of the red and green color zone gradients.

PMID- 13695094
TI  - [Research on phenoxazine derivatives. 3. Synthesis of some phenoxazines with
      cyclic nitrogen-containing side-chains].

PMID- 13695095
TI  - Hemodynamic interpretations of cardiovascular sound.

PMID- 13695096
TI  - Bioelectric properties of dystrophic mammalian muscle. Excitability, membrane
      resting, and action potentials in mouse hereditary myopathy.

PMID- 13695097
TI  - [The value and hazards of psychopharmacology in the hands of the practicing
      physician].

PMID- 13695098
TI  - Evaluation of venous occlusion plethysmograph.

PMID- 13695099
TI  - Hereditary nonspherocytic hemolytic disease.

PMID- 13695100
TI  - Quantitative paper chromatography of conjugated 17-ketosteroids in plasma.

PMID- 13695101
TI  - [Demonstration of Toxoplasma in the aqueous humor in acquired toxoplasmosis].

PMID- 13695102
TI  - [Speleotomy in the treatment of renal tuberculosis].

PMID- 13695103
TI  - [Results of the spirochetal agglutination reaction in the serodiagnosis of
      syphilis].

PMID- 13695104
TI  - [Serological results of spirochete agglutination reaction and the pallida
      reaction in acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans].

PMID- 13695105
TI  - A need defined and met.

PMID- 13695106
TI  - [Clinical experiences with monoamine oxidase inhibitors and other substances
      controlling serotonin metabolism].

PMID- 13695107
TI  - [Considerations on natural radioactivity and on radioactive thermal waters].

PMID- 13695108
TI  - [Autogenic auricular cartilage for the repair of the postoperative parietal
      tracheal defect (first application in man)].

PMID- 13695109
TI  - [Sigmamycin in reparative plastic surgery. (Practical note)].

PMID- 13695110
TI  - [The principle of the cutaneous inlay applied to the treatment of syndactylia].

PMID- 13695111
TI  - Dilemma of academic biology in Europe.

PMID- 13695112
TI  - [Medical treatment of inoperable malignant tumors of the ovary].

PMID- 13695113
TI  - [Articular osteochondromatosis of the ankle].

PMID- 13695114
TI  - [Osteosynthesis by means of supramid thread in the treatment of fractures of
      leg].

PMID- 13695115
TI  - [Pigmented villonodular synovititis of the ankle].

PMID- 13695116
TI  - [Post-traumatic arthrosynovitis with meniscal fracture].

PMID- 13695117
TI  - [Research on the influence of chorionic gonadotropin on purine metabolism in
      man].

PMID- 13695118
TI  - [Changes in uricemia and uricaciduria caused by benzhydroflumethiazide].

PMID- 13695119
TI  - [Cardiovascular reactions to atropine in hypertensive states].

PMID- 13695120
TI  - [Experimental research on the action of parathyroid hormone on intestinal
      motility].

PMID- 13695122
TI  - [On the pathogenesis of the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome].

PMID- 13695121
TI  - [Therapeutic electivity of chorionic gonadotropin in some cases of corticoid
      resistant rheumatic peliosis and erythema nodosum].

PMID- 13695123
TI  - The blood picture in the guinea-pig in acute and chronic scurvy.

PMID- 13695124
TI  - Outbreak of E.C.H.O. type 9 infection in a children's home.

PMID- 13695125
TI  - Effect of alpha particle hypophysectomy on disseminated cancer of male breast.

PMID- 13695126
TI  - [Apropos of the therapeutic use of some radioactive elements (Aul 98 and Y90) in
      neurosurgery].

PMID- 13695127
TI  - The distribution of 5,5-dimethyl-2,4-oxazoli-dinedione (DMO) in ocular and
      cerebrospinal fluids.

PMID- 13695128
TI  - [Radioactive colloidal gold (Au-198). Its characteristics. Its fate in the human
      body].

PMID- 13695129
TI  - [Severe post-transfusional viral hepatitis. Study of energy support in therapy].

PMID- 13695130
TI  - [Utilization of some tests of urinary acidity in aggressology. Clinical
      impressions].

PMID- 13695131
TI  - [Spirography: its value in medical and surgical reanimation].

PMID- 13695132
TI  - [Apropos of a cerebral ictus: reanimation in an elderly man].

PMID- 13695133
TI  - [Peroperative pyrrolamidol analgesia].

PMID- 13695134
TI  - [Additional remarks on the hydrolysis of triglycerides by pancreas lipase].

PMID- 13695135
TI  - [Cytophotometric study of the desoxyribonucleic acid content of cells irradiated
      in vitro (HeLa cells and fibroplastic cells of the rabbit)].

PMID- 13695137
TI  - [Basic principles in the prevention of Sokolski-Bouil-laud's disease in
      children].

PMID- 13695136
TI  - Potassium content of rat diaphragms following hypophysectomy and incubation with
      growth hormone.

PMID- 13695138
TI  - Neurological and psychic accidents in the course of cycloserine treatment.

PMID- 13695139
TI  - Glucocorticoid hormone treatment of certain forms of haemoptysis.

PMID- 13695140
TI  - [Comparative morbidity of inframicrobial infectious hepatitis (I.I.H.) and
      epidemic disease transmitted through the digestive tract].

PMID- 13695141
TI  - Production of advanced cholesterol atherosclerosis in the rabbit.

PMID- 13695142
TI  - Rabbit arterial thrombosis production by systemic procedures.

PMID- 13695143
TI  - [Relation between biological anomalies and pathological aging in psychiatry].

PMID- 13695144
TI  - Cleavage of cholesterol side chain by adrenal cortex. I. Cofactor requirement and
      product of clevage.

PMID- 13695145
TI  - Conversion of 20-alpha-hydroxycholesterol to pregnenolone.

PMID- 13695146
TI  - [Changes of creatine and glycogen of muscles after surgical destruction of the
      labyrinth].

PMID- 13695147
TI  - Marfan's syndrome.

PMID- 13695148
TI  - SHIRLEY C. TITUS...champion of and for nurses.

PMID- 13695149
TI  - [Polyneuritis in subjects using equipment with catalytic combustion of gasoline
      as a means of heating].

PMID- 13695150
TI  - [Presumed Besnier-Boeck-Schaumann sarcoidosis manifested by a hypercalcemic
      nephropathy and distinguished by an intense reversible skeletal
      demineralization].

PMID- 13695151
TI  - [The surgical treatment of severe hemorrhoids by submucous resection].

PMID- 13695152
TI  - [Preparation for delivery].

PMID- 13695153
TI  - [On a case of Jaksch-Hayem-Luzet anemia treated with cortisone therapy].

PMID- 13695154
TI  - [On the use of a new drug in the leukopenia of patients irradiated for
      neoplasms].

PMID- 13695155
TI  - [Treatment of threatened abortion with progesterone. New forms of application].

PMID- 13695156
TI  - [The different histopathological types of cancer of the stomach and their
      prognosis after gastrectomy. Value of examination of the fragment from
      gastrectomy (tumor and ganglia). Possible therapeutic consequence].

PMID- 13695157
TI  - [The diet in ulcers].

PMID- 13695158
TI  - [Cancer of the pancreas and diabetes].

PMID- 13695159
TI  - [Hypokalemic and cachectic chronic diarrhea caused by clandestine ingestion of
      laxative pills].

PMID- 13695160
TI  - [Jaundice during cancers of the liver].

PMID- 13695161
TI  - [Treatment of spasmodic colitis].

PMID- 13695162
TI  - [Faculte de Medecine de Paris. Chair of Therapeutics. Inaugural lecture].

PMID- 13695163
TI  - [Further contributions to the therapeutic effectiveness of Fraction I].

PMID- 13695164
TI  - [Alithiasic cystico-vesicular mechanical occlusion].

PMID- 13695165
TI  - Effects of intensive occupational therapy on chronic schizophrenic patients.

PMID- 13695166
TI  - The industrial physician and the depressed patient.

PMID- 13695167
TI  - Motivating for accident prevention.

PMID- 13695168
TI  - The new look in Washington's state psychiatric hospitals.

PMID- 13695169
TI  - [Behavior of acid mucopolysaccharides in connective cartilage of rats treated
      with high doses of somatotropic hormones (S.T.H.)].

PMID- 13695170
TI  - [On the incidence and factors responsible for evisceration after laparotomy
      operations].

PMID- 13695171
TI  - [Stastical contribution on relations existing between blood groups, cancer of the
      stomach and gastroduodenal ulcer].

PMID- 13695172
TI  - [The problem of antigonadotropins in clinical practice].

PMID- 13695173
TI  - [Findings concerning the urinary excretion of aldosterone in various
      physiological and pathological conditions].

PMID- 13695174
TI  - [Immunological studies on the somatotropic hormone. I. The manifestations of
      anaphylaxis in the guinea pig].

PMID- 13695175
TI  - [Immunological studies on the somatotropic hormone. II. The inhibition of growth
      in the rat by bovine anti-STH serum].

PMID- 13695176
TI  - [Immunological studies on the somatotropic hormone. III. STH labeled with I-131
      in the evaluation of anti-STH antibody reactions and time of disappearance from
      the circulation of the growth hormone].

PMID- 13695177
TI  - [Modern attainments in the subject of somatotropin physiology and
      physiopathology. Experimental and clinical contributions].

PMID- 13695178
TI  - [Megaloblastosis in hemolytic diseases and its effects on erythropoiesis].

PMID- 13695179
TI  - Studies on the pathogenesis of staphylococcal infection. IV. The effect of
      bacterial endotoxin.
AB  - Intracutaneous and intravenous injection of pyrogenic, non-lethal doses of
      bacterial endotoxin were found to increase the infectivity of pathogenic but not
      non-pathogenic staphylococci in rabbit skin. The increased infectivity of the
      microorganism was characterized by accelerated multiplication at the site of
      inoculation and by the production of necrosis and hemorrhage locally.
      Histologically, the infection of skin in endotoxin-prepared animals was
      characterized by necrosis, masses of bacteria, but absence of leukocytic
      infiltration into the area of bacterial growth. The infectivity of staphylococci
      in skin of endotoxin-prepared rabbits could be controlled by antibody to the
      alpha hemolysin of the microorganism. The effect of endotoxin upon staphylococcal
      infection was demonstrable only within 4 hours after injection of the endotoxin.
      It could not be prevented with chlorpromazine or dibenamine and was closely
      related to the effect of endotoxin upon leukocytes. It was suggested that the
      effect of endotoxin upon leukocytes was probably responsible for its influence
      upon staphylococcal infection. The implications of these findings in the
      pathogenesis of staphylococcal infection are discussed.

PMID- 13695180
TI  - [Clinical study on the diuretic effect of the combined administration of 1-beta
      hydroxypropyl-theobromine and 6-chloro-7-sulfamyl-1,2,4-benzothiodiazine-1, 1
      dioxido in heart patients with water retention].

PMID- 13695181
TI  - [The oral administration of penicillin G in a sustained-release form].

PMID- 13695182
TI  - [On the morphology of sympathetic ganglionic nerve cells during various diseases.
      (Buerger's disease. Raynaud's disease, frostbite, megadolichocolon)].

PMID- 13695183
TI  - [On an iodinated derivative of 1,2-diphenyl-4-n-butyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione].

PMID- 13695184
TI  - [Hirsutism in women].

PMID- 13695185
TI  - [Observations on the pathogenesis and treatment of burns].

PMID- 13695186
TI  - Estimation of magnesium and purification of chlorophyll from Chlorobium
      thiosulphatophilum.

PMID- 13695187
TI  - [Ocular lesions in South American blastomycosis].

PMID- 13695188
TI  - [Contribution to the study of blood transaminase activity in schizophrenics].

PMID- 13695189
TI  - Socialized medicine in Sweden.

PMID- 13695191
TI  - [Hyperkeratosis of the pores, or "porokeratosis vera non perstans" of Schmidt].

PMID- 13695190
TI  - [16-3H] Progesterone metabolism in advanced pregnancy and in nophorectomized
      hysterectomized wemon: urinary ketonic metabolites.

PMID- 13695192
TI  - [Multiple basaliomas in psoriasis treated with arsenic].

PMID- 13695193
TI  - [Vaccination in virus diseases. Study with attenuated poliomyelitis vaccine in
      newborn infants].

PMID- 13695194
TI  - Study of some biochemical changes related to poliovirus multiplication in HeLa
      cells. II. Relation between the kinetics of poliovirus multiplication, certain
      biochemical changes and the effect of chloramphenicol on multiplication.

PMID- 13695195
TI  - [Study of the liver in patients with rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 13695196
TI  - [The free persuasion of judges of the quality of narcotic substances for the
      purpose of application of penal law].

PMID- 13695197
TI  - [Illustration of a case of Bouveret's syndrome (calculotic occlusion of the
      duodenum with duodeno-biliary fistula)].

PMID- 13695198
TI  - [Introduction to clinical enzymology].

PMID- 13695199
TI  - [Physiological and pathological modifications of erythrocyte metabolism].

PMID- 13695200
TI  - [Studies on properdin. II. Chemicophysical characterization of properdin].

PMID- 13695201
TI  - [The so-called osteomyelitis in newborn. Pecularities and delimitation from
      osteomyelitis in later vears].

PMID- 13695202
TI  - The technique of construction of the auricle in congenital microtia.

PMID- 13695203
TI  - Anesthesia and the asthmatic.

PMID- 13695204
TI  - The evolution of tissue homotransplantation research.

PMID- 13695205
TI  - Blowout fracture of the floor of the orbit.

PMID- 13695207
TI  - The problem of congenital auricular malformation. II. Construction of the auricle
      in congenital microtia.

PMID- 13695206
TI  - Blowout fracture of the floor of the orbit.

PMID- 13695208
TI  - [Diffuse cuttaneous leishmaniasis. A new clinicopathological and parasitic
      entity].

PMID- 13695209
TI  - Lepromatous myositis.

PMID- 13695210
TI  - [Mycetoma, chromomycosis, sporotrichosis and Jorge Lobo disease].

PMID- 13695211
TI  - Rhinoscleroma. Review and presentation of a case.

PMID- 13695212
TI  - [A new disease of the leishmaniasis group: leishmaniasis cutis diffusa].

PMID- 13695213
TI  - The methylene blue test in leprosy.

PMID- 13695214
TI  - Movements at the sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints.

PMID- 13695215
TI  - The ethics of our profession.

PMID- 13695216
TI  - Federal grants-in-aid earmarked for state dental public activities.

PMID- 13695217
TI  - The sodium pump in skeletal muscle in relation to energy barriers.

PMID- 13695218
TI  - Experiences with the pharyngeal flap in cleft palate surgery.

PMID- 13695219
TI  - Cancer of the skin.

PMID- 13695220
TI  - A sympathetic blocking agent, bretylium tosylate (Darenthin), in the treatment of
      hypertension.

PMID- 13695222
TI  - Public health, epidemiology, and preventive medicine.

PMID- 13695221
TI  - Conversion of a dental chair to an operating table.

PMID- 13695223
TI  - A non-competitive beta-glucuronidase inhibitor in rabbit urine.

PMID- 13695224
TI  - Psychiatric considerations in surgery.

PMID- 13695225
TI  - Current aspects of delinquency and addiction.

PMID- 13695226
TI  - Preliminary studies of the heat resistance of bacterial spores on paper carriers.

PMID- 13695227
TI  - Phenolic disinfectants.

PMID- 13695228
TI  - Alterations in acidbase equilibrium in craniocerebral trauma. A determinant in
      survival.

PMID- 13695229
TI  - The diagnosis of bullous lesions affecting the oral mucosa. I.

PMID- 13695230
TI  - The diagnosis of bullous lesions affecting the oral mucosa. II.

PMID- 13695231
TI  - Studies of respiratory physiology in children. IV. The late effects of lobectomy
      on pulmonary function.

PMID- 13695233
TI  - Probable gastrointestinal reaction to soybean.

PMID- 13695232
TI  - Systemic lupus erythematosus. Description of 37 cases in children and a
      discussion of endocrine therapy in 32 of the cases.

PMID- 13695234
TI  - Respiratory problems of the newborn.

PMID- 13695235
TI  - The energy spectrum of gamma-radiation from fallout.

PMID- 13695236
TI  - Central supply versus disposables. I. Why we changed to disposables and what we
      did with the extra time saved.

PMID- 13695237
TI  - Central supply versus disposables. II. Problems with disposables.

PMID- 13695238
TI  - On vanishing stimuli in instructional material.

PMID- 13695239
TI  - Effects of androsterone on atherogenesis and plasma lipids in cockerels.

PMID- 13695240
TI  - Safety in the public health laboratory.

PMID- 13695241
TI  - Cystic anomalies of the ducts of Cowper's glands.

PMID- 13695242
TI  - The silicone-foam diagnostic enema. I. An assessment with surgical specimens of
      human sigmoid colon.

PMID- 13695243
TI  - The silicone-foam diagnostic enema. II. An experimental evaluation in dogs.

PMID- 13695244
TI  - A sialomucopeptide liberated by trypsin from the human erythrocyte.

PMID- 13695245
TI  - Sialic acids and the electrokinetic charge of the human erythrocyte.

PMID- 13695246
TI  - Serum neutralizing antibodies to Coxasacki B viruses.

PMID- 13695247
TI  - A modified thionin technique for mast cells in tissue sections.

PMID- 13695248
TI  - Oral contraception by norethynodrel. A 3 year field study.

PMID- 13695249
TI  - Oral lymphomas.

PMID- 13695251
TI  - Mechanical assistance in the determination of prothrombin times by Quick's and
      Owren's methods.

PMID- 13695250
TI  - The incidence of Toxoplasma antibodies in mental hospital patients.

PMID- 13695252
TI  - Lymphosarcoma, reticulum cell sarcoma and giant follicular lymphoma. Long term
      results following radiation therapy.

PMID- 13695253
TI  - The chimpanzee. Procurement, standardization, and use in biomedical research.

PMID- 13695255
TI  - Light-induced division synchrony in Euglena gracills var. bacillaris.

PMID- 13695254
TI  - Purine nucleotide biosynthesis in rabbit erythrocytes.

PMID- 13695257
TI  - Marine hygiene.

PMID- 13695256
TI  - A paediatric general practice.

PMID- 13695258
TI  - The relative values of animal and vegetable fats in nutrition. Biochemistry and
      metabolism of fats.

PMID- 13695260
TI  - Student project brightens mental hospital ward.

PMID- 13695259
TI  - The effect of a new drug on essential hypertension.

PMID- 13695262
TI  - Extracorporeal hemodialysis. Indications and limitations.

PMID- 13695261
TI  - Pathological calcification of the lungs following intravenous administration of
      calcium.

PMID- 13695263
TI  - Internal carotid artery occlusion. Surgical management with regional hypothermia.

PMID- 13695264
TI  - The investigation of potential skin irritants.

PMID- 13695265
TI  - Rickettsial and viral toxins.

PMID- 13695266
TI  - The antibody mechanism of ragweed allergy. Electrophoretic and chemical studies.
      II. The skin sensitizing factor.

PMID- 13695267
TI  - "Physiologic" mental deficiency.

PMID- 13695268
TI  - The problems associated with chronic bronchitis and emphysema in general
      practice.

PMID- 13695269
TI  - Gluten-free diets in Australia.

PMID- 13695270
TI  - How to remove fish-hooks with a bit of string.

PMID- 13695271
TI  - Bone-soft-tissue relation in lateral jaw roentgenograms.

PMID- 13695272
TI  - Progress and problems in the rehabilitation of disabled people.

PMID- 13695273
TI  - A glucosamine-muramic-adenylic-amino acid complex from bacterial cells.

PMID- 13695274
TI  - Breast abscess and antibiotic abuse.

PMID- 13695275
TI  - Sympathetic ophthalmia. Case report.

PMID- 13695276
TI  - Acute massive pulmonary embolism. Successful surgical treatment using temporary
      cardiopulmonary bypass.

PMID- 13695277
TI  - Arteriosclerotic occlusive disease of the aorta and major arteries.

PMID- 13695278
TI  - Relative value studies.

PMID- 13695279
TI  - Past and present concepts in endodontics.

PMID- 13695280
TI  - [Fermentation of cellulose and absorption of volatile fatty acids in the cecum of
      the rabbit].

PMID- 13695281
TI  - Some characteristics of choice behavior in risky situations.

PMID- 13695282
TI  - 2-hydroxyoestrogens.

PMID- 13695283
TI  - Recognition of the species of origin of cells in culture by mixed agglutination.
      I. Use of antisera to red cells.

PMID- 13695284
TI  - Species-characterizing antigens of 'L' and 'ERK' cells.

PMID- 13695285
TI  - A comparison between epidural anaesthesia and bed rest in sciatica.

PMID- 13695286
TI  - Medical view of additives and residues in foods.

PMID- 13695287
TI  - Acid number of skin surface lipids in psoriasis. Findings for unaffected,
      stripped and unstripped areas--treatment response.

PMID- 13695288
TI  - A study of thiamine deficiency and its influence on carbohydrate metabolism in
      surgical patients.

PMID- 13695289
TI  - Ascorbic acid metabolism in surgical patients.

PMID- 13695290
TI  - Immunofluorescence.

PMID- 13695291
TI  - Minor minerals and B-vitamins.

PMID- 13695292
TI  - Conflict versus consolidation of memory traces to explain "retrograde amnesia"
      produced by ECS.

PMID- 13695293
TI  - Evolution in the mental hospital. Review of a hospital population.

PMID- 13695294
TI  - A case of polyarteritis nodosa, presenting with symmetrical peripheral gangrene.

PMID- 13695295
TI  - Chronic bronchitis. Changes in the bacterial flora of the sputum associated with
      exacerbations and long-term antibacterial treatment.

PMID- 13695296
TI  - Social class and prognosis in schizophrenia. I.

PMID- 13695297
TI  - Social class and prognosis in schizophrenia. II.

PMID- 13695298
TI  - Selective uptake of specifically bound cobalt-58 vitamin B12 by human and mouse
      tumour cells.

PMID- 13695299
TI  - Properties of the inorganic orthophosphate-adenosine triphosphate and adenosine
      diphosphate-adenosine triphosphate exchange reactions of digitonin particles.

PMID- 13695300
TI  - Action of noradrenalin and ascorbate on hydroxylation of progesterone by bovine
      adrenocortical homogenates.

PMID- 13695301
TI  - Suggested methods of testing and standards of resistance for respiratory
      protective devices.

PMID- 13695302
TI  - The work of ventilating the lungs on exertion.

PMID- 13695303
TI  - Tracheostomy and controlled respiration.

PMID- 13695304
TI  - Problems resulting from the use of live attenuated poliomyelitis virus type I in
      a mass campaign in a large urban area.

PMID- 13695305
TI  - Decholesterolizing measures with clinical observations on triparanol (MER-29).

PMID- 13695306
TI  - Production of lymphocytes and plasma cells in the rat following immunization with
      human serum albumin.

PMID- 13695308
TI  - Further studies of arachnoid granulations in man.

PMID- 13695307
TI  - The surgical management of secondary exotropia.

PMID- 13695309
TI  - Role of coach and referee in preventing athletic injuries.

PMID- 13695310
TI  - The vertebral venous plexus.

PMID- 13695311
TI  - The Mercy-Douglass Hospital. Historical perspective.

PMID- 13695312
TI  - Some consequences of pulmonary irradiation.

PMID- 13695313
TI  - Benign processes of the upper respiratory tract in children. Further experience
      with radiation therapy.

PMID- 13695314
TI  - Non-specific immunity in pneumococcal infection of mice.

PMID- 13695315
TI  - Sensitivity of mice to bacterial lipopolysaccharide following alteration of
      activity of the reticulo-endothelial system.

PMID- 13695316
TI  - Hematopoietic studies inx-irradiated newborn rats.

PMID- 13695317
TI  - Can we prevent the second step in crime?

PMID- 13695318
TI  - Surgical treatment of parkinsonism.

PMID- 13695319
TI  - Drying of tablet granulations.

PMID- 13695321
TI  - A new program in medical education at Northwestern University.

PMID- 13695320
TI  - Latin American conferences on medical education.

PMID- 13695322
TI  - The biochemistry of methanol poisoning. II. Metabolic acidosis in the monkey.

PMID- 13695323
TI  - The enzymic oxidation of tryptophan to 5-hydroxytryptophan in the biosynthesis of
      serotonin.

PMID- 13695324
TI  - The role of ascorbic acid in the oxidation of tryptophan to 5-hydroxytryptophan.

PMID- 13695325
TI  - The circulation in hypothermia.

PMID- 13695326
TI  - Demonstration by paper electrophoresis of an auto-immunological precipitin
      possibly due to fibrinolysns.

PMID- 13695327
TI  - "Potentially" epidemic Staphylococcus aureus. Detection using eight
      bacteriophages; strains isolated from nasopharynges and areas of infection.

PMID- 13695328
TI  - Isolation of enteric viruses during the poliomyelitis season in Ontario, 1956
      1959.

PMID- 13695329
TI  - The effect of smoke and non-smoke gases on cells in cell and organ cultures.

PMID- 13695330
TI  - Duodenal closure after gastrectomy for duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 13695331
TI  - A chemical basis for the classification of animal viruses.

PMID- 13695333
TI  - History of surgery.

PMID- 13695332
TI  - Sucrases in Phaseolus vulgaris.

PMID- 13695334
TI  - A chronology of cataract surgery.

PMID- 13695335
TI  - Thermal dilution curves in the study of circulatory shunts. Instrumentation and
      clinical applications.

PMID- 13695336
TI  - Chronic extrinsic cardiac denervation by regional neural ablation. Description of
      the operation, verification of the denervation, and its effects on myocardial
      catecholamines.

PMID- 13695337
TI  - Cerebral palsy.

PMID- 13695339
TI  - Office diagnosis and treatment in proctology.

PMID- 13695338
TI  - A modified plastic Petri dish for cell and tissue cultures.

PMID- 13695340
TI  - Clinical evaluation of trypsin in treatment of thrombophlebitis and sequelae, and
      hematomas after surgery of veins.

PMID- 13695341
TI  - The concentration of antihaemophilic globulin (AHG) related to age.

PMID- 13695342
TI  - The concentration of antihemophilic globulin (AHG) in patients with coronary
      artery disease.

PMID- 13695343
TI  - Serum folic acid activity by improved L. casei assay.

PMID- 13695344
TI  - Oxygen saturation in the newborn infant.

PMID- 13695345
TI  - Obstetric drugs and oxygen saturation.

PMID- 13695346
TI  - Studies on the mechanism of Janus green B staining of mitochondria. IV. Reduction
      of Janus green B by isolated cell fractions.

PMID- 13695347
TI  - Some observations on filarial infection in Ceylon with special reference to its
      histopathology.

PMID- 13695348
TI  - Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus by newborn babies.

PMID- 13695349
TI  - The importance of oxygen in the treatment of cyanide poisoning.

PMID- 13695350
TI  - The measurement of adrenal activity in man.

PMID- 13695351
TI  - [Function of the adrenal glands and stress].

PMID- 13695352
TI  - Obstructed labour due to vesical calculus.

PMID- 13695353
TI  - Changes in the peripheral packed cell volume in late pregnancy.

PMID- 13695354
TI  - Plasma and blood volume changes in pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia.

PMID- 13695355
TI  - The place of colposcopy in cancer detection.

PMID- 13695356
TI  - Chronic idiopathic jaundice with hepatic pigmentation (Dubin-Johnson syndrome).

PMID- 13695357
TI  - Charles Joseph SINGER (1876-1960).

PMID- 13695359
TI  - Clinical staging system for cancer and end results reporting.

PMID- 13695358
TI  - Gangrene of an extremity in a newborn infant.

PMID- 13695360
TI  - A device for free-field monitoring of delayed speech feedback.

PMID- 13695361
TI  - [Cardiac compression produced by an intrapericardial abscess].

PMID- 13695362
TI  - [Weight increase in infants of the I.P.A.I. of Imperia in the 4-year periods of
      1950-53 and 1955-8].

PMID- 13695363
TI  - [Studies and research on the subject of hormonal epilepsy. 1. Epilepsy in
      relation to the homeostatic equilibrium of the "internal environment". 2.
      Favorable effect of testosterone propionate in the treatment of hyperestrogenic
      epilepsy. 3. On the advantages of separation of the so-called epilepsy,
      discordant syndrome, and on the use of the term "epilepsies"].

PMID- 13695364
TI  - [The psychosomatic syndrome of deportees (amenorrhea, paradoxical obesity,
      megacolon and dolichocolon, genital insufficiency in the male. allergic
      manifestations). Influence of terror and malnutrition, fear and anxiety, physical
      exertion, and unjust and inhuman punishment, on the psychic structure of
      deportees].

PMID- 13695365
TI  - Sir Hans Sloane and the Apothecaries' Garden.

PMID- 13695366
TI  - [On the determination of adenine nucleotide in the heart muscle].

PMID- 13695367
TI  - [Separation and characterization of the decomposition products of DPN, DPNH and
      TPN after enzymatic hydrolysis by brain homogenates].

PMID- 13695368
TI  - [The activity of the DPN- and TPN-nucleosidases of the brain following the action
      of some pharmacological agents].

PMID- 13695369
TI  - [The value of nicotinamide for the anticonvulsive effect of
      hexachlorocyclohexane].

PMID- 13695372
TI  - [The Virology Center at the University of Milan].

PMID- 13695371
TI  - [Siena, a city of laboratories].

PMID- 13695370
TI  - Direct humoral control of parathyroid function in the dog.

PMID- 13695373
TI  - [The pharmaceutical industry at the 38th Fair at Milan (12-27 April 1960)].

PMID- 13695374
TI  - Mode of action and clinical usefulness of aldosterone antagonists.

PMID- 13695375
TI  - Estrinism in a girl 2 1/2 years of age, with minimal ovarian changes suggestive
      of the cosis.

PMID- 13695376
TI  - [Present status of research undertaken in the care of the Communaute Europeenne
      du Charbon et de 1'Acier in the field of the prevention of noise].

PMID- 13695377
TI  - [Research on the human factor in work accidents].

PMID- 13695378
TI  - An enzyme forming vasodilator polypeptides in human cerebrospinal fluid.

PMID- 13695379
TI  - Effect of acetazolamide on metabolic rate of man.

PMID- 13695380
TI  - Metabolic effect of venepuncture in man.

PMID- 13695381
TI  - The influence of sodium amytal on the respiratory abnormalities of anxious
      psychiatric patients.

PMID- 13695382
TI  - [Gigantic primary prostatic calculosis. Considerations on a case].

PMID- 13695384
TI  - [Statistical study of survival in malignant epithelial tumors of the kidney after
      surgery and physical therapy].

PMID- 13695383
TI  - [Considerations on electrophoresis used in the study of neoplasms of the
      urogenital system].

PMID- 13695386
TI  - Hypertension due to stenosis of the renal artery.

PMID- 13695385
TI  - Pulseless syndrome.

PMID- 13695387
TI  - [Anatomical considerations on the diploic canals].

PMID- 13695388
TI  - Hemangiomas of the small bowel in children. Report of a case and review of the
      literature.

PMID- 13695389
TI  - The certification of fitness for work.

PMID- 13695390
TI  - [Study of carriers of Micrococcus pyogenes among patients of a pediatrics
      clinic].

PMID- 13695391
TI  - [Study of esophageal sensitivity to endoesophageal distensive stimuli].

PMID- 13695392
TI  - [On some modern features of the technic of tracheotomy].

PMID- 13695393
TI  - [Quantitative variations in the blood volume caused by total laryngectomy].

PMID- 13695394
TI  - Essential-fatty-acid content of hens' eggs.

PMID- 13695395
TI  - [The "Tsedek" test of Baruk and Bachet in schizophrenics].

PMID- 13695396
TI  - Comparative incidence of hypotension and bradycardia utilizing halothane
      anesthesia.

PMID- 13695397
TI  - Evaluation of Librium as a preanesthetic medication.

PMID- 13695398
TI  - [Introduction to the physiopathology of movement retraining].

PMID- 13695399
TI  - [Cancer of the digestive tract. Presentation of the topic].

PMID- 13695400
TI  - [Laryngeal cancer, principally from the radiological point of view].

PMID- 13695402
TI  - [Radiological evaluation of laryngeal cancer].

PMID- 13695401
TI  - [Pharyngo-esophageal cancer].

PMID- 13695403
TI  - [Radiological examination of the breast].

PMID- 13695404
TI  - [Effects of intravenous administration of hydrochlorothiazide on renal
      hemodynamics and excretion of electrolytes in hypertensive patients].

PMID- 13695405
TI  - [On the correlation between heart minute volume and renal circulation in normal
      experimental subjects].

PMID- 13695406
TI  - [A rare case of dysgenesis].

PMID- 13695407
TI  - [Action of media deficient in Ca and Mg ions on the electrical and mechanical
      activity of isolated rat and guinea pig hearts].

PMID- 13695408
TI  - [Action of low-potassium media on the electrical and mechanical activity of
      isolated rat and guinea pig hearts].

PMID- 13695409
TI  - [Recent microelectrophysiological data on the activation of various cardiac
      tissues].

PMID- 13695410
TI  - [New drug combination in the treatment of diarrheic syndromes].

PMID- 13695411
TI  - [Study of the multiplicative dynamics of the vaccinia virus and of the EDP virus
      in chorion-allantoic membrane culture in vitro].

PMID- 13695412
TI  - [Influence of diisopropylammonium dichloroethanoate on viral multiplication in
      tissue culture].

PMID- 13695413
TI  - [Influence of ketoaldehyde derivatives of biphenyl on the dynamics of viral
      infections in monolayer cell cultures. II. On the activity of xenalamine on the
      dynamics of infection by type I (Brunhilde) poliomyelitis virus].

PMID- 13695414
TI  - [Aldosterone in experimental viral infections. III. Activity in infections by
      vaccinia virus in cell cultures of human kidney].

PMID- 13695415
TI  - [Influence of ketoaldehyde derivatives of biphenyl on the dynamics of viral
      infections in monolayer cell cultures. I. On the activity of xenaldial on the
      dynamics of infections by type I (Brunhilde) poliomyelitis virus].

PMID- 13695416
TI  - [Influence of ketoaldehyde derivatives of biphenyl on the dynamics of viral
      infections in monolayer cell cultures. III. On the activity of xenalamine on the
      dynamics of infection by measles virus (Edmonston strain)].

PMID- 13695417
TI  - [Influence of prednisolone on the cytopathogenic activity and multiplication of
      the APC virus (type 1) in tissue culture].

PMID- 13695418
TI  - [Influence of cortisone-type steroids on the cytopathogenic activity of viruses
      in tissue culture. III. Study of the effect of prednisolone on the cytopathogenic
      activity of type I (Brunhilde) poliomeylitis virus].

PMID- 13695419
TI  - [On the presence of a salivary factor inducing panagglutination of erythrocytes
      in subjects with viral hepatitis].

PMID- 13695420
TI  - [Influence of cortisone-type steroids on the cytopathogenic activity of viruses
      in tissue culture. II. Study of the effect of prednisolone on the cytopathogenic
      activity of the measles virus (Edmonston strain)].

PMID- 13695421
TI  - [Influence of steroids of the cortisone type on viral cytopathogenic activity in
      tissue cultures. I. Study of the effect of prednisolone on the cytopathogenic
      activity of Coxsackie virus B-2 (Ohio strain)].

PMID- 13695422
TI  - [Influence of prednisolone on the cytopathogenic activity of Coxsackie virus in
      tissue cultures].

PMID- 13695423
TI  - [Activity of xenalamine on infection by type 5-6-8 adenovirus in tissue culture].

PMID- 13695424
TI  - [Morphokinesis of the hepatic afferent vascular system. Parenchymal lesions
      caused by modifications of the final branches of portal distribution].

PMID- 13695425
TI  - [On the determinism of ECG alterations induced by electric stimulation of the
      posterior hypothalamus].

PMID- 13695426
TI  - [2 cases of benign connective neoformations with gastric location.
      Histomechanical and morphogenetic study].

PMID- 13695427
TI  - [On the activation of the hippocampus in the cat by the action of peripheral
      stimulation].

PMID- 13695428
TI  - Nicotine and smoking on the dog ballistocardiogram.

PMID- 13695429
TI  - [On measurements of the conduction rate of peripheral nerves and their value in
      clinical practice].

PMID- 13695430
TI  - [The usefulness of ophthalmological examinations for drivers of "heavy
      vehicles"].

PMID- 13695431
TI  - [On the behavior and nature of cryohemagglutinins in pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13695432
TI  - [Preliminary clinical experience with oxolamine citrate, new synthetic cough
      remedy].

PMID- 13695433
TI  - Patterns of circadian rhythms in insects.

PMID- 13695434
TI  - A dressing for herpes zoster.

PMID- 13695435
TI  - Paralysis of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve secondary to cardiac hypertrophy.

PMID- 13695436
TI  - The influence of atropine on the contraction of the vocal cords. ("Plica
      vocalis'). Experimental study in dogs.

PMID- 13695437
TI  - Excretion of chromium sesquixide administered as a component of paper to sheep.

PMID- 13695438
TI  - The place of the general practitioner in the obstetric services.

PMID- 13695439
TI  - Tuberculosis amongst a small group of Indian immigrants.

PMID- 13695440
TI  - Purification of potato virus X without aggregation.

PMID- 13695441
TI  - [Respiratory function in malignant lymphogranuloma with mediastinal localization
      before and after roentgenotherapy or cytostatic therapy. (Spirographical study)].

PMID- 13695442
TI  - [The action of hyoscine butylbromide in bronchial asthma. Spirographical study].

PMID- 13695443
TI  - [Effects of ventilotherapy with mechanical intermittent positive-pressure
      respirators in subjects with status asthmaticus caused by bronchial
      construction].

PMID- 13695444
TI  - [The 3-apnea test in the evaluation of cardiorespiratory function (spirographic
      and ergospirographic controls)].

PMID- 13695445
TI  - [Enzymatic balances of the serum in myocardial infarct].

PMID- 13695446
TI  - [Ophthalmological manifestations of dysproteinemia concomitant with ozena].

PMID- 13695447
TI  - [Audiometric findings in patients with chronic cor pulmonale].

PMID- 13695448
TI  - [Reactions for the recognition of surface-active polyoxyethylene substances.
      Study of a new particularly-sensitive reagent].

PMID- 13695449
TI  - Estrogen therapy in immature female rats with posterior hypothalamic lesions.

PMID- 13695451
TI  - [Arteries of the spinal cord and medullary ischemic pathology].

PMID- 13695450
TI  - [Anatomical research on arterial vascularization of the spinal cord. Its
      application to ischemic medullary pathology].

PMID- 13695452
TI  - [Arteries of the spinal cord and medullary ischemic pathology].

PMID- 13695453
TI  - [On the anterior spinal artery syndrome].

PMID- 13695454
TI  - Clinical comparison of phenazocine and meperidine in obstetric analgesia.

PMID- 13695455
TI  - Therapeutic accidents during the administration of barium enemas.

PMID- 13695457
TI  - [Anti-infectious preventive treatments in general and ocular surgery].

PMID- 13695456
TI  - [Congenital glaucoma in premature infants].

PMID- 13695458
TI  - [Strabismus. Orthoptic and surgical indications].

PMID- 13695459
TI  - [What is the meaning of the term "uveomeningitis"?].

PMID- 13695460
TI  - [The keratitis of comatose patients].

PMID- 13695461
TI  - [The treatment of severe asphyxic conditions appearing in the course of the
      chronic respiratory insufficiency of emphysematous patients].

PMID- 13695462
TI  - [Partial extracorporeal circulation in the dog with closed thorax. I. Description
      of a technic utilizing gravity as the procedure of venous drainage and arterial
      perfusion].

PMID- 13695463
TI  - [Renal hypertension: current status and prospects].

PMID- 13695464
TI  - Coronary atherosclerosis status of MER-29 (triparanol).

PMID- 13695465
TI  - Hypertension and the renal circulation.

PMID- 13695466
TI  - Actinomycete antibiotics. II. Participation of the methionine methyl group in the
      biogenesis of L-cladinose, a branched chain monosaccharide.

PMID- 13695467
TI  - A new antibody, anti-Ku (anti-Peltz), in the Kell blood-group system.

PMID- 13695468
TI  - [Curable ascites during a malignant hepatoma].

PMID- 13695469
TI  - [Appearance of optic atrophy in tuberculous meningitis. Operation. Removal of a
      tuberculoma from the chiasm. Regression of the ocular lesions].

PMID- 13695470
TI  - [Splenectomy following the drying up of "North African ascites" by means of delta
      cortisone. Recovery].

PMID- 13695471
TI  - [The pseudotetanic forms of severe puerperal icterus].

PMID- 13695472
TI  - [Mixed obstructions of the inferior venae cavae and subhepatic veins].

PMID- 13695473
TI  - [The syndrome of supra-hepatic obstruction f the inferior vena cava. Diagnostic
      value of transcutaneous subhepatic and trans-hepatic venography. Clinical
      contribution to the study of the mechanism of ascites].

PMID- 13695474
TI  - [Acute leukosis in a 2-year-old mongoloid with cardiac malformation and
      diaphragmatic hernia of the colon].

PMID- 13695475
TI  - [Lobstein's disease or osteopsathyrosis].

PMID- 13695476
TI  - [The Budd-Chiari syndrome (obliteration of the supra-hepatic veins)].

PMID- 13695477
TI  - [Spindle response to adrenalectomized frogpreparation].

PMID- 13695479
TI  - [Histotherapy in modern medicine].

PMID- 13695478
TI  - [Consultation center for smokers in Czechoslovakia].

PMID- 13695480
TI  - Effect of cardiac arrhythmias on the cerebral circulation.

PMID- 13695481
TI  - Hypocholesterolemic effect of tetraiodothyroformic acid on brittle coronary
      patients.

PMID- 13695482
TI  - Hypometabolic treatment of heart disease.

PMID- 13695483
TI  - [Role of myelin in the conduction of the nerve influx].

PMID- 13695484
TI  - [Some recent data on the physiology of the temporal lobe. Current evaluation of
      the Kluever and Bucy syndrome].

PMID- 13695485
TI  - [Congenital aortopulmonary fistula. Apropos of a case operated on successfully].

PMID- 13695486
TI  - The nature and management of the post-commissurotomy syndrome.

PMID- 13695488
TI  - [A moving pain point: a new semiotic sign in the diagnosis of duodenopathies].

PMID- 13695487
TI  - [Abnormal hemoglobins].

PMID- 13695489
TI  - [Obtention of curves of arterial type with blocked catheter in the peripheral
      pulmonary vessel].

PMID- 13695490
TI  - [Primary intrahepatic cholestasis].

PMID- 13695491
TI  - [The acute dyspneas of infancy].

PMID- 13695492
TI  - [Unilateral pulmonary hypertransparency with hypovascularization. Report of a
      case].

PMID- 13695493
TI  - Studies of peripheral vascular resistance associated with total cardiopulmonary
      bypass. I. Peripheral resistance under condition of normothermia and
      normotension.

PMID- 13695494
TI  - Gastrointestinal hemorrhage after abdominal aortic operations.

PMID- 13695495
TI  - [On relations between visual acuity and orientation of vision in strabic
      amblyopia].

PMID- 13695496
TI  - [Hormonal actions on lactation. I. Action of insulin].

PMID- 13695497
TI  - [Dermatitis due to contact with chlorpromazine].

PMID- 13695498
TI  - [Advances in the serological diagnosis of syphilis].

PMID- 13695499
TI  - [The apple, food and drug].

PMID- 13695500
TI  - [Cyclopia in univitelline twins].

PMID- 13695501
TI  - [Wrong attitudes and balneotherapy].

PMID- 13695502
TI  - Hans BARKAN.

PMID- 13695503
TI  - Linear extraction in congenital cataract surgery.

PMID- 13695504
TI  - Linear extraction in congenital cataract surgery.

PMID- 13695505
TI  - [The significance of preventive, remedial and recuperative cures for the
      prophylaxis and rehabilitation].

PMID- 13695506
TI  - Some properties of the deoxyribonucleic acid of phage alpha.

PMID- 13695507
TI  - [Apropos of 50 "temporary pendant hips" by the modified de Voss technic].

PMID- 13695508
TI  - [Influence of percorten, hydrocortisone and cortisone on the levels of cardiac
      glycogen of the tench].

PMID- 13695509
TI  - [Aplasia of the vagina. About 10 years and more of experience].

PMID- 13695510
TI  - [Oculo-auricular and mandibulofacial malformations (Franceschetti-Goldenhar
      type)].

PMID- 13695511
TI  - [Aspects of the fundus oculi found in malignant visceral lupus erythematosus and
      periarteritis nodosa].

PMID- 13695512
TI  - [The "Leviticus", first codex of medical legislation].

PMID- 13695513
TI  - Effect of added vitamins on the phagocytic activity of the reticulo-endothelial
      system of mice.

PMID- 13695514
TI  - [2 cases of epithelioma on former tuberculous lupus sites].

PMID- 13695515
TI  - [The biological development of a focal infection of cutaneous determination].

PMID- 13695516
TI  - [Occupational dermatoses of the hand].

PMID- 13695517
TI  - [Investigation of Chagas' disease in Peru. Epidemiological study in the Tambo
      valley (Matalaque district. Department of Moquegua). I. Preliminary observations.
      1958-1959].

PMID- 13695518
TI  - A study of strontium-85 metabolism in the normal and in the castrated mouse.

PMID- 13695519
TI  - Management of fractures of the greater multangular. Report of five cases.

PMID- 13695520
TI  - [Experimental morphopathological aspects produced by quantitative penicillin
      action].

PMID- 13695521
TI  - Congenital subcortical encephalopathies in lambs.

PMID- 13695522
TI  - Biological response curves and proton exchange equilibria.

PMID- 13695523
TI  - The use of calcium 47 in diagnostic studies of patients with bone lesions.

PMID- 13695524
TI  - The role of DPN in the enzymic phosphorylation of creatine.

PMID- 13695525
TI  - [Cutaneous toxicity of the molecular complex of tetracycline].

PMID- 13695526
TI  - [Influence of substitution of the 4-amine group in the phenazone molecule on
      penetration of the drug in the tissues].

PMID- 13695527
TI  - [Technical simplification of low cesarean section].

PMID- 13695528
TI  - [Duhring's dermatitis herpetiformis and chronic lymphatic leukemia].

PMID- 13695529
TI  - [Intestinal occlusion caused by ascariasis].

PMID- 13695530
TI  - Chronic disease program in the Charlotte-Mecklenburg Health Department.

PMID- 13695531
TI  - New Zealand's debt to British obstetrics.

PMID- 13695532
TI  - Septicaemia and meningitis in hydrocephalus. Report of a case complicating
      ventriculo-atrial shunt with a Spitz-Holter valve.

PMID- 13695533
TI  - Staphylococcal septicaemia with ulcerative endocarditis, successfully treated
      with celbenin.

PMID- 13695534
TI  - Viral infections of the central nervous system. A survey from the Auckland
      Hospital, April, 1960 to March, 1961.

PMID- 13695535
TI  - [Presternal epidermoid cyst].

PMID- 13695536
TI  - A thunder in the blood.

PMID- 13695537
TI  - Natural infection of tropical mosquitoes by ciliated protozoa of the genus
      Tetrahymena.

PMID- 13695538
TI  - Interaction of enzymes with normal and tumour cells.

PMID- 13695539
TI  - [The genetic relation of the association of Aspergillus nidulans, micrococci and
      substrate].

PMID- 13695540
TI  - Cyclic estrogenic and chlorothiazide therapy in acne vulgaris.

PMID- 13695541
TI  - [Pseudomucinous cysts of the ovary].

PMID- 13695542
TI  - [Treatment of diabetic arteritis].

PMID- 13695543
TI  - [Effect of various adrenolytics (regitine, reserpine, yohimbine) on changes in
      the formed elements of the blood following pentylenetetrazole shock].

PMID- 13695545
TI  - [Contribution to the study of chemical changes in the blood of rabbits in deep
      hypothermia].

PMID- 13695544
TI  - [Action of pentetrazole shock on certain constituants of the blood of the
      adrenalectomized rat].

PMID- 13695546
TI  - Studies on the bioluminescence of Renilla reniformis. I. Requirements for
      luminescence in extracts and characteristics of the system.

PMID- 13695547
TI  - [The carpal tunnel syndrome. Irritation of the median nerve at the wrist in women
      during pregnancy].

PMID- 13695548
TI  - [Hyperplastic synovitis of the sheath of the flexor communis sumulating a
      neoplasm of the hand].

PMID- 13695550
TI  - [Cutaneous and musculo-tendinous plastic repair in a case of severe retraction of
      the flexors caused by multiple abscesses of the forearm].

PMID- 13695549
TI  - [A case of Kaposi's disease with skeletal localization].

PMID- 13695551
TI  - [Dr. Lancellotti, physician, surgeon and patriot (1857-1928)].

PMID- 13695552
TI  - Phospholipid analysis of cellular fractions of the liver following single dose of
      choline.

PMID- 13695553
TI  - Influence of age on liver phospholipide metabolism of mice.

PMID- 13695554
TI  - The effect of poliomyelitis virus type I (Mahoney strain) on the phospholipid
      metabolism of the HeLa cell.

PMID- 13695555
TI  - Action of choline on lipid phosphorylation in the kidney, heart and aorta.

PMID- 13695556
TI  - Studies of carbohydrate metabolism in the newborn infant. III. Some factors
      influencing the capillary blood sugar and the response to glucagon during the
      first hours of life.

PMID- 13695558
TI  - Observations on leukoderma acquistum centrifugum.

PMID- 13695557
TI  - Hypoglycemia in newborn infants.

PMID- 13695559
TI  - Should we limit sugar in acne?

PMID- 13695560
TI  - Long-term therapy of acne with tetracycline.

PMID- 13695561
TI  - [New case of Chagas' disease in the valley of Sihuas, Arequipa].

PMID- 13695562
TI  - [Amebic dysentery in Iquitos].

PMID- 13695563
TI  - [Incidence of intestinal parasitism by helminths and protozoa in the department
      of Madre de Dios].

PMID- 13695564
TI  - [Investigations of malaria in the Department of Madre de Dios].

PMID- 13695565
TI  - [Investigations on tropical pathology in the department of Madre de Dios. II.
      Venomous snakes].

PMID- 13695566
TI  - [Acrylic arthroplasty of the elbow].

PMID- 13695567
TI  - [Progressive encephalography].

PMID- 13695568
TI  - Casework interviewing as a research technique in a study of families of
      schizophrenic patients.

PMID- 13695569
TI  - Ruminant urolithiasis. III. Comparative studies on the structure of urinary
      concretions in several species.

PMID- 13695570
TI  - Studies of glycine-1-C14 metabolism in the dairy cow-urinary hippuric acid and
      pulmonary CO2 excretion.

PMID- 13695571
TI  - Seromucoid levels in normal and hospitalized domestic and exotic animal species.

PMID- 13695572
TI  - Comparison of orabilex and priodax in 150 cases examined with both media.

PMID- 13695573
TI  - Hospitaller Brothers' Ojai Nursing Home and Novitiate.

PMID- 13695574
TI  - Clinical experience with 5-fluorouracil (NSC-19893) in the treatment of malignant
      disease.

PMID- 13695575
TI  - The pattern of absorption following surgical shortening of the bowel.

PMID- 13695576
TI  - Torsion of a normal fallopian tube with infarction and hematosalpinx.

PMID- 13695577
TI  - A comparison of gravimetric and volumetric pollen samplers.

PMID- 13695579
TI  - Cultural considerations in chaging health attitudes.

PMID- 13695578
TI  - Precordial scanning. Applications in the detection of left-to-right circulatory
      shunts.

PMID- 13695580
TI  - [Action of prednisone on the incorporation of P-32 in the ARN of some
      cytoplasmatic fractions of the spleen of normal rats].

PMID- 13695581
TI  - The premature infant.

PMID- 13695582
TI  - Multiple lymphomatous polyposis of the gastrointestinal tract.

PMID- 13695583
TI  - Primary lymphosarcoma of the small intestine. An unusual case, with long
      survival.

PMID- 13695584
TI  - [Histo-autoradiography of the human gastric mucosa in vivo. Study using labeled
      sulfur].

PMID- 13695585
TI  - [Acute dilatation of the duodenum observed in the sequelae of myocardial
      infarct].

PMID- 13695586
TI  - [Attacks of arterial hypertension in the course of catheterizations of the
      esophagus and cardia].

PMID- 13695587
TI  - [Cancer of the esophagus treated with segmental esophagectomy; 6-year follow-up].

PMID- 13695588
TI  - [Current place of thoracoplasty in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13695589
TI  - [3 cases of ductus arteriosus in a family of 3 children].

PMID- 13695591
TI  - [Bronchial epithelioma implanted on an old bronchial dilatation. Apropos of a
      surgically treated case].

PMID- 13695592
TI  - ["Open thorax" cardiac semeiology].

PMID- 13695593
TI  - [Geographical pathology of venous thromboses: infrequency of thrombo-embolic
      complications in Saigon (Viet-Nam)].

PMID- 13695594
TI  - [Cicatricial stenosis of the cervical esophagus, Local esophagoplasty. Recovery].

PMID- 13695590
TI  - [Controlled hypothermia in cardiac surgery].

PMID- 13695596
TI  - [Unpublished letters of Theophile de Bordeu (year 1748: the year of Versailles)].

PMID- 13695595
TI  - [Fibroma of the cardia with subsequent megaesophagus. Cardio-tuberositary
      resection].

PMID- 13695597
TI  - [Upublished letters of Theophile DE BORDEU (Year 1747: First sojourn in Paris)].

PMID- 13695598
TI  - [Unpublished letters of Theophile de BORDEU (the year of 1747: first stay in
      Paris)].

PMID- 13695599
TI  - Epidemiologic studies of streptococcal infection in school children.

PMID- 13695600
TI  - A four-year study of the occurrence of beta-hemolytic streptococci in 64 school
      children.

PMID- 13695601
TI  - [Study on the glycuronic acid compounds in urine].

PMID- 13695602
TI  - Effects of chlorothiazide on the pancreas.

PMID- 13695603
TI  - A study of carbon tetrachloride. III. Tissue enzyme response to carbon
      tetrachloride inhalation.

PMID- 13695604
TI  - Further studies on the mechanism of gastric hypersecretion after portacayal
      shunts.

PMID- 13695605
TI  - Clinical experience with Taractan.

PMID- 13695606
TI  - [On the significance of serum protein shifting in psychiatric pharmacotherapy].

PMID- 13695607
TI  - [New data concerning Willebrand's disease (angiohemophilia)].

PMID- 13695608
TI  - [Willebrand's disease. Clinical, genetic and biological study (apropos of 22
      cases)].

PMID- 13695609
TI  - [Respiratory physiotherapy. Anatomophysiological bases. Indications. Technical
      principles].

PMID- 13695610
TI  - [Method of isolation of free infectious nucleic acid in a plant infected with
      tobacco mosaic virus].

PMID- 13695611
TI  - [Comparative acoustic study of vowel phonemes of the spoken and singing voice].

PMID- 13695612
TI  - [Ectopic orifice of the ureter in a little girl. Unsuccessful attempt at
      conservative surgery. Possible role of rubella in the malfortion].

PMID- 13695614
TI  - Sickness absence of women bus conductors in London transport (1953-1957).

PMID- 13695613
TI  - Bronchitis-sickness absence in London transport.

PMID- 13695615
TI  - Studies on the characterization of human serum lipoproteins separated by
      ultracentrifugation in a density gradient. I. Serum lipoproteins in normal,
      hyperthyroid and hypercholesterolemic subjects.

PMID- 13695616
TI  - Studies on the characterization of human serum lipoproteins separated by
      ultracentrifugation in a density gradient. II. Serum lipoproteins in hyperlipemic
      subjects.

PMID- 13695617
TI  - Lipoprotein pre-staining and ultracentrifugal analysis in a density gradient.

PMID- 13695618
TI  - Molecular complexes in the isolation and characterization of plasma lipoproteins.

PMID- 13695619
TI  - The complement fixing antibody response of calves to Dictyocaulus viviparus. I.
      Exposure to natural and experimental infection.

PMID- 13695620
TI  - Observations on calves vaccinated with irradiated larvae of Dictyocaulus
      viviparus. Serum antibody titre, respiratory rate and response to challenge.

PMID- 13695621
TI  - The complement fixing antibody response of calves to Dictyocaulus viviparus. III.
      Vaccinated calves exposed to challenge.

PMID- 13695622
TI  - The complement-fixing antibody response of calves to Dictyocaulus viviparus. II.
      Vaccination with irradiated larvae.

PMID- 13695623
TI  - Arthur W. FUCHS retires.

PMID- 13695624
TI  - [Induced hyperglycemia in the diagnosis of ulcer penetrating into the pancreas].

PMID- 13695625
TI  - [The induced hyperglycemia test in diagnosis of perforating duodenal ulcer].

PMID- 13695626
TI  - [The problem of familial peptic ulcer].

PMID- 13695627
TI  - [Etiopathogenesis and treatment of connatal encephalopathies].

PMID- 13695628
TI  - [Experimental contribution to the knowledge of the intraorganic behavior of
      piperazine].

PMID- 13695629
TI  - [Clinical, radiological and electrical semiology of the acute pericardites].

PMID- 13695630
TI  - [Indications for cardiac catheterization in the first year of life].

PMID- 13695631
TI  - [Epidemiology of urogenital trichomoniasis in female children].

PMID- 13695632
TI  - [Investigation of antibodies for encephalomyelitis in Venezuela].

PMID- 13695633
TI  - [Another virus infection of the fetal human lung].

PMID- 13695634
TI  - Death due to Mycobacterium fortuitum.

PMID- 13695635
TI  - Oxidation of glycolic acid by Penicillium chrysogenum.

PMID- 13695636
TI  - Accumulation of indole compounds in cultures of Chromobacterium violaceum.

PMID- 13695638
TI  - [A strain of Plasmodium elongatum in the gray crow (Corvus cornix)].

PMID- 13695637
TI  - Expert handwriting testimony under the Uniform Code of Military Justice.

PMID- 13695639
TI  - [Discovery in Italy of Plasmodium praecox var, matutinum in Turdus iliacus, and
      separation of this plasmodium from Plasmodium praecox as a distinct species:
      Plasmodium matutinum Huff, 1937].

PMID- 13695641
TI  - Relapses and immunological course in Plasmodium infections.

PMID- 13695640
TI  - [Behaviour of the hematopoietic and reticuloendothelial systems in the albino rat
      during the 4th and 7th days of a fatal infection by Plasmodium berghei].

PMID- 13695642
TI  - [Diffuse leptomeningeal carcinomatosis secondary to juvenile gastric tumor].

PMID- 13695643
TI  - [Morphology of chordoma, with special reference to its cytochemistry].

PMID- 13695644
TI  - [On megalencephaly].

PMID- 13695645
TI  - [On the pathology of neuroblastoma (with illustrations on 8 cases)].

PMID- 13695646
TI  - [Solitary neurinoma in childhood].

PMID- 13695647
TI  - [Voluminous asymptomatic meningioma destroying the frontal and parietal lobes].

PMID- 13695648
TI  - An electrophysiological analysis of the convulsant action of morphine, codeine
      and thebaine.

PMID- 13695649
TI  - [Lympho-reticulosarcoma of the bladder].

PMID- 13695650
TI  - [The Ganser syndrome. (Review of literature)].

PMID- 13695651
TI  - [Clinical experience with an adrenal stimulation test. I. Increase in
      concentration of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids of the plasma].

PMID- 13695652
TI  - [Treatment of scleroderma by chelation].

PMID- 13695653
TI  - Factors affecting development of food science and technology and food research in
      Pakistan.

PMID- 13695654
TI  - [Intrahepatic lithiasis. Bloodless extraction of the residual calculi].

PMID- 13695655
TI  - [Emergency surgery in gynecology].

PMID- 13695656
TI  - [Organization of occupational therapy for mental patients].

PMID- 13695657
TI  - [Use of ultrasonic waves in the preparation of an antigen for the diagnosis of
      Chagas' disease using complement fixation. Preliminary note].

PMID- 13695658
TI  - [Current concepts of human isosporosis].

PMID- 13695659
TI  - [Study of the therapeutic action of dithiazanine in human strongloidiasis and
      trichocephaliasis].

PMID- 13695660
TI  - Survey of the pathology of thyroid glands from Cali, Colombia--a goiter area.

PMID- 13695661
TI  - [Hyperglycemia following prolonged administration of elevated doses of
      tolbutamide to turtles].

PMID- 13695662
TI  - [Detection of Triatoma in Sao Paulo city].

PMID- 13695663
TI  - Neisseria flava II, etiologic agent in canine conjunctivitis.

PMID- 13695664
TI  - [Results of repair of a thoracic breech by the Maier technic].

PMID- 13695665
TI  - [Webbed neck. Surgical treatment].

PMID- 13695666
TI  - [Webbed neck. Surgical treatment].

PMID- 13695667
TI  - [Urethral discharges. Various microbiological aspects of non-gonococcal
      urethritis].

PMID- 13695668
TI  - [Creation of the Instituto-Hospital para Correcao dos Defeitos da Face].

PMID- 13695669
TI  - Effect of spinal cord transection on hyperlipemia induced by tween 80.

PMID- 13695670
TI  - [Measurement--method possibilities of dose decrease in the 2 phase-radioiodine
      test].

PMID- 13695671
TI  - [Increase of height, of thoracic perimetry and of weight from 1 month to 3 years
      of life].

PMID- 13695672
TI  - [The evaluation of growth in the first 4 years of life by the auxogram method].

PMID- 13695673
TI  - [Medullary compression caused by vertebral hemangioma. Clinico-radiological
      picture].

PMID- 13695674
TI  - Glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase and lactic dehydrogenase activities in brain
      tumour homogenates.

PMID- 13695675
TI  - [The elctroencephalogram in tumors of the lateral ventricles].

PMID- 13695676
TI  - Serum glycoprotein fractions and hexosamine level in multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 13695677
TI  - The neonatal scapula.

PMID- 13695678
TI  - [On the mode of action of pyramidal vasodilatatory fibers].

PMID- 13695679
TI  - Epidemiologic study of childhood poisonings in two California counties.

PMID- 13695680
TI  - [Oral cholecystocholangiography with a new contrast medium. (Experimental work)].

PMID- 13695681
TI  - [Radiology in the postcholecystectomy syndrome].

PMID- 13695682
TI  - [Diagnosis in occupational poisoning by lead arsenate].

PMID- 13695683
TI  - [On defects in healing of fractures of the leg. (Clinical, radiological and
      medicolegal considerations)].

PMID- 13695684
TI  - [The problem of fractionation of the dose in radiotherapy].

PMID- 13695685
TI  - [Physiopathological aspects of the electrolyte secretion of human gastric juice].

PMID- 13695686
TI  - [The content of polyunsaturated acids in the erythrocytes and plasma of normal
      subjects].

PMID- 13695687
TI  - [The purine and pyrmidine bases of circulating leukocytes determined by a
      chromatographic method].

PMID- 13695688
TI  - [Simple obseity in childhood: research on metabolic deviations].

PMID- 13695689
TI  - [Aspects of lipid metabolism in infantile obesity].

PMID- 13695690
TI  - [The effect of the dietary linoleic acid on the blood level of polyunsaturated
      fatty acids in infants].

PMID- 13695691
TI  - [Quantitative data on the consumption of inosine by normal erythrocytes].

PMID- 13695692
TI  - [Determination of the erythrocytic activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase,
      of 6-phosphogluconic dehydrogenase and of aldolase in various pathological
      conditions].

PMID- 13695693
TI  - [Erythrocyte phosphohexoisomerase activity in children of various ages].

PMID- 13695694
TI  - [Congenital intolerance to fructose].

PMID- 13695695
TI  - [Hyposomic disorder of growth with manifestations of lipid disorder].

PMID- 13695696
TI  - The use of I-131 labelled triolein in the lipid tolerance test.

PMID- 13695697
TI  - [The use of radioiodine-labeled trioleine in the lipid loading test].

PMID- 13695698
TI  - [Does a relationship exist between the platelets and the erythropoietic factor?
      Preliminary research on relations between the plasmatic erythropoietic factor and
      the thrombocytes in normal animals].

PMID- 13695699
TI  - [Behavior of the erythropoietic activity of anemic plasmas after removal of the
      platelets].

PMID- 13695700
TI  - [Experimental research on the intercurrent relations between nutrition and
      hemopoiesis. I. Changes in hemopoiesis due to a protein-deficient diet].

PMID- 13695701
TI  - [Experimental research on the intercurrent relations between nutrition and
      hemopoiesis. II. On the pathogenesis of medullary hypoplasia caused by protein
      free diets].

PMID- 13695702
TI  - New medication for treatment of motion sickness.

PMID- 13695703
TI  - The quantal hypothesis and the threshold of audibility.

PMID- 13695704
TI  - A final note about "long hair".

PMID- 13695705
TI  - Dermatologic office laboratory procedures.

PMID- 13695706
TI  - Intrathecal use of xylocaine. Clinical observations.

PMID- 13695707
TI  - Fractional collection of urine in very small or ill infants.

PMID- 13695708
TI  - [Parasitic anicteric hepatitis (Ascaris lumbricoides)].

PMID- 13695709
TI  - [Anton P. Chekhov, a gloomy life splashed with blood].

PMID- 13695710
TI  - [The saints, men of flesh and blood].

PMID- 13695711
TI  - [Biology and pathology in the pages of "Don Quijote de la Mancha"].

PMID- 13695712
TI  - [Radiotherapy in cancer of the breast].

PMID- 13695713
TI  - [Further contribution to the attempt to cure an inoperable intestinal neoplasm in
      a female patient with "acanthosis nigricans" by a cytostatic antibiotic].

PMID- 13695714
TI  - [Electron apparatuses for an experiment in photoproduction of pi-o mesons from
      protons].

PMID- 13695715
TI  - [On protection from diffuse radiations generated by electron accelerators with a
      maximum energy of 1 GeV].

PMID- 13695716
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of nialamide in various dermatoses. Preliminary
      communication].

PMID- 13695717
TI  - [Nialamide and anaphylactic and histamine shock in guinea pigs].

PMID- 13695718
TI  - [Jorge Soares de GOUVEA].

PMID- 13695719
TI  - [Cutaneous metastases].

PMID- 13695720
TI  - [Interventricular patency associated with pulmonary stenosis].

PMID- 13695721
TI  - [The use of extracorporeal circulation in the radical correction of congenital
      heart diseases (indications, surgical technic and results of 75 cases)].

PMID- 13695722
TI  - [Apropos of 2 cases of non-neoplastic cutaneous sigmoid fistulas].

PMID- 13695723
TI  - [Current status of the treatment of neurosyphilis].

PMID- 13695724
TI  - [The rate of thrombocyte sedimentation in pregnancy and the puerperium].

PMID- 13695725
TI  - [Lumbar arthrosis as an occupational disease in agricultural workers].

PMID- 13695726
TI  - Effect of fasting on levels of plasma-nonesterified fatty acids in normal
      children, normal adults, and obese adults.

PMID- 13695727
TI  - Effects of fructose infusion on glucose uptake and circulating insulin-like
      activity in normal men.

PMID- 13695728
TI  - Prevention of decline of alpha-ketoglutarate and succinate oxidation in vitamin E
      deficient rat liver homogenates.

PMID- 13695729
TI  - Professional disillusionment.

PMID- 13695730
TI  - [Experimental study on metronidazole (RP-8823. Trichomonacidal and amebicidal
      activities. Toxicity and general pharmacological properties].

PMID- 13695731
TI  - The pathology and treatment of malignant glandular metastases of the lateral
      pelvic wall.

PMID- 13695732
TI  - [Trypsin in the treatment of thromboembolic syndromes. Its mechanism of action.
      Experimental and clinical results].

PMID- 13695733
TI  - [Erysipelas of the face].

PMID- 13695735
TI  - [Vaccinia].

PMID- 13695734
TI  - [Measles. Clinical forms and diagnosis].

PMID- 13695736
TI  - The use of glucagon in the termination of insulin coma.

PMID- 13695738
TI  - Delivery subsequent to difficult parturition.

PMID- 13695737
TI  - Stability studies on dihydrostreptomycin ointments.

PMID- 13695739
TI  - [On the prognosis in tuberculosis in children].

PMID- 13695740
TI  - [Therapeutic management and prevention of pulmonary tuberculous primary infection
      in children].

PMID- 13695741
TI  - [Lipotropic action of orotic acid].

PMID- 13695742
TI  - [Lipotropic action of vitamin B 12].

PMID- 13695743
TI  - [Summary of our present knowledge on pulmonary cancer].

PMID- 13695744
TI  - [Research on disorders of protein balance in bronchopulmonary suppurations].

PMID- 13695745
TI  - Benign stricture of the bile ducts.

PMID- 13695746
TI  - [New treatments of arterial hypertension].

PMID- 13695747
TI  - [Note on branch blocks].

PMID- 13695748
TI  - [Serotonin in cardiology].

PMID- 13695749
TI  - In vitro studies of the gain and exchange of calcium in frog skeletal muscle.
AB  - (1) The Ca(++), Na(+), and K(+) contents of frog sartorius muscles were found
      analytically after exposure to various media including some containing labeled
      Ca(++). (2) During storage in media with 100 to 120 mM Na(+) and 1 mM Ca(++) both
      Na(+) and Ca(++) are gained while K(+) is lost; there is a high correlation
      between Na(+) and Ca(++) gains. (3) When Ca(++) gain occurs from a solution
      containing labeled Ca(++) there is also some exchange of the original Ca(++) with
      the labeled Ca(++). The amount exchanged is considerably less (e.g. 50 per cent)
      than the total amount of labeled Ca(++) taken up by the tissue. (4) When the
      external Na(+) concentration is reduced to 30 mM the amount of labeled Ca(++)
      taken up is increased. Part of the increase is attributable to a greater net gain
      and part to a greater degree of exchange. (5) It is pointed out that muscles
      which have been loaded in vitro with labeled Ca(++) will not provide a valid
      measure of the exchangeability of the normal Ca(++) content present at the time
      of dissection. (6) Comparison is made between results obtained using Sr(89) and
      Ca(45) as labels for the Ca(++). Little, if any, difference is perceptible.

PMID- 13695750
TI  - Tolbutamide overdosage and irreversible cerebral damage; a case report.

PMID- 13695751
TI  - [An aspect of acute cerebral lesion following sea bathing: cerebral phlebitis].

PMID- 13695752
TI  - [Outline of therapy of delirium tremens].

PMID- 13695753
TI  - [Jules BOISSEAU].

PMID- 13695754
TI  - [On the treatment of cerebral ictus of vascular origin].

PMID- 13695755
TI  - [Bilateral hilar adenopathy with erythema nodosum (Lofgren syndrome)].

PMID- 13695756
TI  - [Prevention of rheumatic fever and bacterial endocarditis].

PMID- 13695757
TI  - [Some ideas concerning Chagas' myocarditis].

PMID- 13695758
TI  - [Right ventricular enlargement].

PMID- 13695759
TI  - [Right ventricular overloads].

PMID- 13695760
TI  - [The initial electrical charges in left branch block].

PMID- 13695761
TI  - [Auricular vectorcardiograms].

PMID- 13695762
TI  - Some applications of the ultra-violet and interference microscopes in electron
      microscopy.

PMID- 13695763
TI  - X-ray microscopy--retrospect and prospect.

PMID- 13695765
TI  - [The auriculovectorgram].

PMID- 13695764
TI  - Lipuria and lipasemia after thoracic surgical procedures.

PMID- 13695766
TI  - [Ban of Larghe and of the Island of Sardinia (1582)].

PMID- 13695767
TI  - [Amputation of the lower extremity in endoarteritis obliterans (current criteria
      of evaluation on indications)].

PMID- 13695768
TI  - [Chronic arterial obliterations in relation to present possibilities of
      substitutive vascular surgery (clinical study on 73 cases of our observation)].

PMID- 13695769
TI  - [Cutaneous temperature afte repair of the main arterial tree].

PMID- 13695770
TI  - [Reconstruction of human blood vessels. Some new case of our personal
      observation].

PMID- 13695772
TI  - [Gastroenterostomy in the treatment of duodenal ulcer (in cases where gastric
      resection is not indicated)].

PMID- 13695771
TI  - [The "by-pass" operation in the treatment of chronic obstructions of the iliac
      and femoral arteries. Results on the first cases operated on with the use of
      teflon tubes and lyophylized homoplastic arteries. Technical note on the function
      of an artery bank].

PMID- 13695773
TI  - [Comparison between the deaf-mutes from endemic zones of cretinic goiter and the
      deaf-mutes from non-endemic zones].

PMID- 13695774
TI  - [Cytodiagnosis of malignant neoplasms of childhood].

PMID- 13695775
TI  - [Fluid-electrolyte balance chart and system of annotation].

PMID- 13695776
TI  - [Adenomatous polyp of the gallbladder].

PMID- 13695777
TI  - [Contribution to the diagnosis of diabetes. (A new method: Staub-Traugott test
      plus ACTH)].

PMID- 13695778
TI  - [Rare and little known localizations of articular and abarticular rheumatic
      processes].

PMID- 13695779
TI  - [Hypertensive pregnancy toxemia and the fetus].

PMID- 13695780
TI  - [Various aspects of the study of eclampsia].

PMID- 13695781
TI  - Interactions between reserpine, chlorpromazine, and imipramine.

PMID- 13695782
TI  - Correlations between active eyelid closure and depletion of brain biogenic amines
      by respine.

PMID- 13695783
TI  - Role for ganglionic norepinephrine in sympathetic synaptic transmission.
AB  - Transmission of nerve impulses in superior cervical sympathetic ganglia of cats
      and rabbits is markedly enhanced after reserpine-induced depletion of ganglionic
      norepinephrine. Transmission is also enhanced by administration of adrenergic
      blocking agents. In contrast, reserpine-induced release of ganglionic
      norepinephrine in animals pretreated with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor results
      in a pronounced depression of ganglionic transmission, which lasts until the
      ganglionic norepinephrine disappears. These results support the concept that
      norepinephrine in ganglia modulates the action of acetylcholine.

PMID- 13695784
TI  - The role of serotonin in neurobiology.

PMID- 13695785
TI  - [Radiological and histological behavior of pleural and peritoneal serosa after
      introduction of iodized oil containing sulfonamide].

PMID- 13695786
TI  - [Skin tests in asthma].

PMID- 13695787
TI  - Hypothetical pathway of nitrogen metabolism.

PMID- 13695789
TI  - [On a prostatectomy technic. (Apropos of 200 cases)].

PMID- 13695788
TI  - [On a prostatectomy technic. Comments on 200 interventions].

PMID- 13695790
TI  - [Surgical education and training. Discussion apropos of the 1st 1500
      interventions at the Servico de Propedeutica Cirurgica].

PMID- 13695791
TI  - [Possibilities of cardiovascular surgery under moderated hypothermia].

PMID- 13695792
TI  - [Opthalmological changes caused by pregnancy and labor].

PMID- 13695793
TI  - [Hernia of Morgagni's foramen. (Apropos of an operated case)].

PMID- 13695794
TI  - The use of trifluoperazine for acute alcoholism.

PMID- 13695795
TI  - [Asphyxia caused by accidental occlusion of the respiratory tract. (New
      observations)].

PMID- 13695796
TI  - [A new hereditary metabolic error discovered in Portugal. Research on the
      pathogenesis of a new characteristic aminoaciduria].

PMID- 13695797
TI  - [Urinary organic acids in paramyloidosis of Corino de Andrade type (preliminary
      observations)].

PMID- 13695798
TI  - [Contributions to the study of the chemical pathology of a case of myeloma
      associated with Fanconi syndrome].

PMID- 13695799
TI  - [Experiments on the pathogenesis of Wilson's disease. 4. The action of alpha
      lipoic acid on the metabolism of copper and proteins in cases of hepatolenticular
      degeneration (recent observations)].

PMID- 13695800
TI  - [On the biochemical pathology of Wilson's disease. New observations on the action
      of alpha-liponic acid].

PMID- 13695801
TI  - [On the pathogenesis and therapy of Wilson's disease. The effect of alpha-lipoic
      acid (preliminary communication)].

PMID- 13695802
TI  - [Study of the blood proteins in some diseases after injection of the patient's
      own blood (Preliminary note)].

PMID- 13695803
TI  - [Use of "specific anti-serum" immune serums for the study of abnormal circulating
      protides. Isolation of "specific" protides].

PMID- 13695805
TI  - [Observations on postmortal autolytic processes of the malpighian glomerulus].

PMID- 13695804
TI  - [Trials with "anti-serum specific" immune serum in cases of paramyloidosis of
      Corino de Andrade type (preliminary note)].

PMID- 13695806
TI  - [Endometriosis of the cecum simulating acute appendicitis].

PMID- 13695807
TI  - [Comparative histological findings in the common granulomatous aspects and other
      neoplastic formations in experimental silicosis].

PMID- 13695808
TI  - [On a case periarteritis nodosa].

PMID- 13695809
TI  - [Popliteal aneurysm and its treatment by aneurysmectomy].

PMID- 13695810
TI  - [Obstetric stigmata caused by degeneration. Some cases and bibliographic
      rarities].

PMID- 13695811
TI  - Sarcolysin, an active cytostatic in the treatment of ovarian tumors.

PMID- 13695812
TI  - The influence of diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) on the taking of grafts of
      Ehrlich's ascitic carcinoma.

PMID- 13695813
TI  - [Influence of diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) on the capacity of acetylphosphate
      synthesis of the brain of mice with transplanted Erlich's ascites carcinoma].

PMID- 13695814
TI  - [Energetic aspects of the relations between Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma and
      tissues of animals with or without tumors].

PMID- 13695815
TI  - [Data on acetylphosphate synthesis in tissues of mice with and without Erlich's
      ascites carcinoma].

PMID- 13695816
TI  - [Relation between cholinesterase activity and incorporation of amino acids into
      proteins. II. Incorporation of C14-labeled glycine into homogenized tissue of
      tumor homo- and heterografts under the influence of acetylphosphate].

PMID- 13695817
TI  - [Relation between cholinesterase activity and incorporation of amino acids into
      proteins. I. Incorporation of C14-labeled glycine into homogenized liver tissue
      of the mouse under the influence of acetylphosphate].

PMID- 13695818
TI  - [The capacity for acetylphosphate synthesis in the serum of cancer and noncancer
      patients at pH 4].

PMID- 13695819
TI  - [A case of cerebral tuberculosis of the so-called fibrous pseudo-sarcomatous
      type].

PMID- 13695820
TI  - [Colpoplasty with transplantation of the sigmoid loop].

PMID- 13695821
TI  - [Morphopathogenetic considerations on a case of congenital cardiomegaly].

PMID- 13695822
TI  - [The use of the lyophylizator in immunohistological technic].

PMID- 13695823
TI  - [The giant "T" wave in the senile electrocardiogram].

PMID- 13695824
TI  - [Observations on the circulation of the obese elderly person].

PMID- 13695825
TI  - [Cardiocirculatory data in a group of subjects over 90].

PMID- 13695826
TI  - [3 malignant synoviomas with clinical and biological peculiarities].

PMID- 13695827
TI  - [Secondary effects of adrenal cortex hormone therapy on the hypophysial-adrenal
      system].

PMID- 13695828
TI  - [A case of traumatic L2 radiculalgia].

PMID- 13695829
TI  - [A case of liposarcoma of the scapular region with eosinophilia].

PMID- 13695830
TI  - [Rheumatoid polyarthritis and polyneuritis].

PMID- 13695832
TI  - [Therapeutic effects of the disodium salt of hexadecadrol monophosphate
      administered locally].

PMID- 13695831
TI  - [Osler's endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Temporary effect of
      penicillin G. Cure with the use of a synthetic penicillin insensitive to
      penicillinase].

PMID- 13695833
TI  - [Locomotor apparatus and classical dancing].

PMID- 13695834
TI  - [Rheumatism and horseback riding].

PMID- 13695836
TI  - [The place of kinesitherapy in the treatment of coxarthrosis].

PMID- 13695835
TI  - [Treatment of a case of acute malignant endocarditis by ristocetin. Recovery
      maintained for 15 months].

PMID- 13695837
TI  - [On a familial case of polyfibrosis].

PMID- 13695838
TI  - [Unilateral primary periureteritis of rheumatoid or connective symptomatology
      ("collagenosis")].

PMID- 13695839
TI  - [Apropos of a complication of radiculography].

PMID- 13695840
TI  - [Survey on the treatment of sciatica patients].

PMID- 13695841
TI  - [Ankylosing spondylitis: biological data and physiopathological problems].

PMID- 13695842
TI  - Carcinoid of the duodenum. A case report.

PMID- 13695843
TI  - Constant errors in the measurement of kinesthetic figural after-effects.

PMID- 13695844
TI  - The effects of meprobamate on time perception.

PMID- 13695845
TI  - Congenital glaucoma.

PMID- 13695846
TI  - Renal polycythemia. Case of primary hyperparathyroidism associated with
      nephrocalcinosis and erythrocytosis.

PMID- 13695847
TI  - [Limitation and basic classification of gliomas].

PMID- 13695849
TI  - [Symposium on carotid body tumor. 4. Histopathology].

PMID- 13695850
TI  - Observations on the motility and the structure of Vitreoscilla.

PMID- 13695848
TI  - Structure of the carotid body tumor.

PMID- 13695851
TI  - Metastatic carcinoma of eyelid.

PMID- 13695852
TI  - [A case of rupture of an aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva into the right
      ventricle].

PMID- 13695853
TI  - [Apropos of a case of epilepsy with visceral symptomatology].

PMID- 13695854
TI  - Thymic cysts of the neck.

PMID- 13695855
TI  - [Relation between alveolo-capillary function, prognosis and autopsy findings in
      chronic pneumopathies].

PMID- 13695856
TI  - Respiratory function and portable oxygen therapy in chronic non-specific lung
      disease in relation to prognosis.

PMID- 13695857
TI  - Bio-assay of erythropoietin in mice made polycythaemic by exposure to air at a
      reduced pressure.

PMID- 13695859
TI  - Intussusception in adults.

PMID- 13695858
TI  - Erythropoietin and the physiological control of erythropoiesis.

PMID- 13695860
TI  - Automatic titration with direct read-out of chloride concentration.

PMID- 13695861
TI  - Simple tail vein infusion method for renal clearance measurements in the rat.

PMID- 13695862
TI  - Metastasizing basal cell carcinomas.

PMID- 13695863
TI  - [Results of research on connective tissue and its significance for disorders of
      the supporting and locomotion apparatus].

PMID- 13695864
TI  - [A contribution to the differential diagnosis of navicular pseudarthrosis and os
      naviculare bipartitum carpi].

PMID- 13695865
TI  - [Electronoptic studies on the connective tissue of the joint capsule. I. The
      fibril system].

PMID- 13695866
TI  - [Method for the quantitative determination and for the separation of kanamycin
      from other antibiotics].

PMID- 13695867
TI  - [Chemicophysical characteristics and quantitative determination of sodium 2,6
      dimethoxyphenylpenicillin].

PMID- 13695868
TI  - [Why I remain faithful to Millin].

PMID- 13695869
TI  - [A study of the ultrastructure of the image of holocrine fusion in the adrenal
      cortex].

PMID- 13695871
TI  - [Myopathy and work. Apropos of 2 cases].

PMID- 13695870
TI  - [Late appearing epilepsy following an acute intoxication with anoxemic syndrome].

PMID- 13695872
TI  - [The subjective syndrome of cranial traumatisms].

PMID- 13695873
TI  - [Apropos of a new species of Nematoparataenia (Nematoparataenia brabantiae n.
      sp.) of the swan, described for the first time in Belgium].

PMID- 13695874
TI  - Effect of cardiac glycosides on blood volume of the dog.

PMID- 13695875
TI  - Radiographic procedures involved in a surgical pallidotomy.

PMID- 13695876
TI  - [Edema disease in swine].

PMID- 13695877
TI  - [Study of atherosclerotic patients with low blood cholesterol and high blood
      cholesterol. II. Comparative study of angina peotoris].

PMID- 13695878
TI  - [Calcareous lithiasis and treatment by diuresis].

PMID- 13695879
TI  - [How to treat gout when it is complicated by lithiasis].

PMID- 13695880
TI  - [Use in obstetrics of a synthetic myotropic spasmolytic].

PMID- 13695882
TI  - [On the problem of leukosarcomatosis and related hemoblastic pictures.
      Cytological observations].

PMID- 13695881
TI  - [Observations on the use of N-butyl-hyoscine bromide in the treatment of
      incoercible vomiting].

PMID- 13695883
TI  - [Malpractice in dentistry].

PMID- 13695884
TI  - [Generalized hyperostosis interna and osteosarcoma in total-body irradiated mice
      with hormonal-active ovarin tumors].

PMID- 13695885
TI  - [Vascular lesions in mice in the late stage following acute total body
      irradiation].

PMID- 13695887
TI  - [Renal hemodynamics, water- and electrolyte excretion in hypertension].

PMID- 13695886
TI  - [The effect of guanethidine on hypertension and renal function in the therapy of
      hospitalized and ambulant patients].

PMID- 13695888
TI  - [Metabolism of calcium in man].

PMID- 13695889
TI  - [Peripheral and cutaneous vascular changes as a basis of dermatosis].

PMID- 13695890
TI  - [Possibilities of efficacy of Fleming's immunizing factor (lysozyme) in skin
      diseases. Contribution to the local treatment of torpid leg ulcers].

PMID- 13695891
TI  - [In disseminated symmetrical steatonecrosis is it a question of Darier-Roussy
      sarcoid or lipogranulomatosis subcutanea Rothmann-Makai?].

PMID- 13695892
TI  - [Apropos of secondary carcinomas of the ovary].

PMID- 13695893
TI  - [Disorders of gastrojejunal transit in subjects of gastric surgery].

PMID- 13695894
TI  - [Research on the metabolism of thyroid incretion in the child by means of
      radiothyroxin].

PMID- 13695895
TI  - [Renal clearance of iodine in the pregnant woman].

PMID- 13695896
TI  - Role of thyroid secretion in cold acclimation.

PMID- 13695897
TI  - Leukaemic meningitis.

PMID- 13695899
TI  - The function of a psychiatric service in a general hospital.

PMID- 13695898
TI  - A case of retro-pharyngeal lymphosarcoma presenting with blindness.

PMID- 13695900
TI  - Extinction and reacquisition after differential numbers of acquisition sessions.

PMID- 13695901
TI  - Fluid inductance and its measurement in rigid tubes.

PMID- 13695902
TI  - Varicose veins. Gross anatomy and development.

PMID- 13695903
TI  - Endothelial patterns in human arteries. Their relationship to age, vessel site
      and atherosclerosis.

PMID- 13695904
TI  - Regeneration of aortic endothelium.

PMID- 13695905
TI  - [Biliary ileus].

PMID- 13695906
TI  - [Esophageal varices].

PMID- 13695907
TI  - Pulmonary function tests in the immediate postoperative period.

PMID- 13695909
TI  - A subjective comparison of American and Greek medical education.

PMID- 13695908
TI  - Infant respiratory response to extracorporeal influence on the diaphragm.

PMID- 13695910
TI  - Agreeing response set and social desirability.

PMID- 13695911
TI  - Observations on the nature of the enlargement, the regeneration of the nerves,
      and the function of the canine renal autograft.

PMID- 13695913
TI  - [A case of malignant melanoma of the vulva].

PMID- 13695912
TI  - Why air pollution control should be enforced at a local level.

PMID- 13695914
TI  - [Clinico-therapeutic contribution to the study of tumors of the parotid gland].

PMID- 13695916
TI  - [On 105 cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis seen in Biskra].

PMID- 13695915
TI  - [Consequences of present conditions of psychiatric assistance in Algeria].

PMID- 13695917
TI  - [Bovine and human distomatosis in the Department of Haute-Marne (Der region)].

PMID- 13695918
TI  - [Reflection apropos of 2 recent antiparasitic agents: griseofulvin and pyrvinium
      pamoate].

PMID- 13695919
TI  - [Remarks apropos of the sterilization of the fungi of tineas treated with
      griseofulvin].

PMID- 13695920
TI  - [Apropos of 25 observations of pulmonary aspergillosis in Lyons].

PMID- 13695921
TI  - [Clinical and experimental investigation on the effect of lyophilized Trypanosoma
      cruzi extracts on certain forms of cancer].

PMID- 13695922
TI  - [Utilization of lyophilized antigens for the diagnosis of parasitic diseases].

PMID- 13695923
TI  - [Tumor of the thymus, anemia and erythroblastic hypoplasia].

PMID- 13695924
TI  - [Dyspneas. Their diagnosis; their treatment].

PMID- 13695925
TI  - Anuria following unilateral ascendent pyelography during sudden failure of the
      adrenals.

PMID- 13695926
TI  - Antigens in eggs and developmental stages of the sea urchin. I. Immunological and
      physicochemical properties.
AB  - A number of antigens in unfertilized eggs and embryos of the sea urchin
      Paracentrotus lividus were characterized with respect to both immunological and
      physicochemical properties. Experiments involved single diffusion in agar (Oudin
      technique) combined with mutual dilution, serial dilution, and heating of
      antigenic extracts, as well as immunoelectrophoresis with normal and heated
      extracts and agar electrophoresis followed by staining of the antigenic spots
      with protein specific dyes. The gradual transition in migration rates of bands of
      precipitates in Oudin tubes following mutual dilution of either extracts or
      antisera allowed the identification of 6 immunologically identical antigens in
      eggs and embryonic stages. Similarities with respect to diffusion coefficients,
      sensitivity to heat, electrophoretic mobility, and reaction to protein specific
      dyes indicated that the antigens in extracts of eggs and various developmental
      stages also had certain physicochemical properties in common. Such knowledge is
      of importance for an understanding of antigenic changes occurring during
      ontogenesis.

PMID- 13695927
TI  - [Controlled hepatectomies. Anatomo-surgical basis, indications and results].

PMID- 13695928
TI  - [Modern aspects of hepatic surgery. From the angle of surgical technic].

PMID- 13695929
TI  - [The treatment of hydatid cyst of the liver].

PMID- 13695930
TI  - [Differentiation of sympathetic ganglia cells in adults].

PMID- 13695931
TI  - [Trial treatment of cancer of the thyroid gland and of various tumors with rectal
      administration of a normal horse serum].

PMID- 13695932
TI  - [A case of arterial hypertension associated with an unilateral renal vascular
      lesion].

PMID- 13695934
TI  - [Renal biopsy by puncture].

PMID- 13695933
TI  - [Study of the mechanism of the liberation of phosphatide diglycerides under the
      action of hot acetic acid].

PMID- 13695935
TI  - [Bladder drainage].

PMID- 13695936
TI  - Comparative efficacy of intravenous and intraperitoneal administration of
      antiserum in passive anaphylaxis.

PMID- 13695937
TI  - Some observations on the immunochemistry of dextrans.

PMID- 13695938
TI  - Variation in the secondary sex-ratio of the grey seal Halichoerus grypus (Fab.)
      during the breeding season.

PMID- 13695939
TI  - Renal failure in the alligator.

PMID- 13695940
TI  - The biologic actions of a new series of bis(dichloroacetyl) diamines.

PMID- 13695941
TI  - Toxicology of benzalkonium chloride given orally in milk or water to rats and
      dogs.

PMID- 13695942
TI  - Cerebral metastasis from a silent cardiac sarcoma.

PMID- 13695943
TI  - The Gilbert BLANE medal.

PMID- 13695944
TI  - Biophysics teaching programs available in the United States and Canada.

PMID- 13695945
TI  - The teaching-learning process in nursing education.

PMID- 13695946
TI  - Application of the patch test in tuberculosis case finding.

PMID- 13695947
TI  - Heaf type multiple-puncture tuberculin test comparison with Mantoux and Vollmer.

PMID- 13695948
TI  - Adrenocorticoids in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.

PMID- 13695949
TI  - [Hyperoxia].

PMID- 13695950
TI  - [Magnesium deficiency syndrome].

PMID- 13695951
TI  - Symposium on non-tuberculous respiratory illnesses. Three common mistakes in
      diagnosis.

PMID- 13695952
TI  - Vesicovaginal fistulas and their surgical treatment and results.

PMID- 13695954
TI  - [The radiological aspects of postbulbar ulcer].

PMID- 13695953
TI  - Biochemical changes in lethal staphylococcal infections in mice.

PMID- 13695955
TI  - Emotional stress in pregnant women.

PMID- 13695956
TI  - Chromaffin cells, mast cells and melanin. I. The granular cells of the skin.

PMID- 13695957
TI  - Chromaffin cells, mast cells and melanin. II. The chromaffin cells of the liver
      capsule and gut in ungulates.

PMID- 13695958
TI  - [Purulent tuberculous pleurisy].

PMID- 13695959
TI  - [Treatment of shock by a new synthetic corticoid. Apropos of 10 cases].

PMID- 13695960
TI  - [Gastro jejunocolic fistula after gastrectomy].

PMID- 13695961
TI  - [Possibilities of ilio-femoral by-pass through the obturator foramen].

PMID- 13695962
TI  - [Use of fibrinolysin in vascular thromboses. (Apropos of 16 cases)].

PMID- 13695963
TI  - [New temperature exchanger for deep hypothermia].

PMID- 13695964
TI  - [Physiopathological and therapeutic data on urinary lithiasis].

PMID- 13695966
TI  - [Irrigation of the various compartments].

PMID- 13695965
TI  - Separate performance of both ventricles in man during the early phase of
      exercise, as analyzed by the method of selective radiocardiography.

PMID- 13695967
TI  - [The mechanisms of arterial hypoxia during respiratory insufficiencies and
      cirrhosis of the liver].

PMID- 13695968
TI  - [Toxiferine: a clinical study].

PMID- 13695969
TI  - [Depression of ventilation and muscular excitability by 3 pachycurares in the
      anesthetized human].

PMID- 13695970
TI  - [Action of purified melanophorotropic hormone(alpha-MSH) on thyroid function in
      the rabbit].

PMID- 13695971
TI  - [New histological research on pituitary grafts after prolonged survival in the
      hypophysectomized rat].

PMID- 13695972
TI  - [Study of the mechanism of inhibition of the gonadotropic cells of the pituitary
      by the testicle in the rat].

PMID- 13695973
TI  - [On certain lesions produced by rations derived from linseed].

PMID- 13695974
TI  - [Adrenal cortical response to hypophysial corticotropin hormone in the rat, as a
      function of sex. In vivo study].

PMID- 13695975
TI  - Present status of Vitamin B6 metabolism.

PMID- 13695976
TI  - Present status of vitamin B6 metabolism.

PMID- 13695977
TI  - Incidence of leukaemia after exposure to diagnostic radiation in utero.

PMID- 13695978
TI  - The origins of chronic sinusitis in childhood.

PMID- 13695979
TI  - African Rauwolfia species. I. The structure of the root and stem of Rauwolfia
      volkensii Stapf.

PMID- 13695980
TI  - Rauwolfia--ancient drug, modern tranquilliser.

PMID- 13695981
TI  - Occupational health problems in small employee groups.

PMID- 13695982
TI  - Bovine tuberculosis and its public health significance.

PMID- 13695983
TI  - [The esthetics of Diderot and the biology of Bordeu].

PMID- 13695984
TI  - [Paraffin oil: vector agent of tobacco tars in their action on the growth of
      pulmonary fibroblasts].

PMID- 13695985
TI  - [The indications and results of roentgen therapy and curietherapy of cancer of
      the anal canal].

PMID- 13695986
TI  - [Professor V. LE LORIER].

PMID- 13695987
TI  - [Reflections on the treatment of cancer of the breast].

PMID- 13695988
TI  - Determination of protein fractions in small samples of plasma and of lymph in the
      rabbit.

PMID- 13695989
TI  - Mechanisms of lipid accumulation in atherogenesis.

PMID- 13695990
TI  - The flow and composition of hepatic lymph in the normal and hypercholesterolaemic
      rabbit.

PMID- 13695991
TI  - The transfer of proteins and lipids from plasma to lymph in the leg of the normal
      and hypercholesterolaemic rabbit.

PMID- 13695992
TI  - [Bacteriological control of an epidemic of gastroenteritis caused by a specific
      E. coli in a community of infants and children. Study of the sensitivity to
      colistine].

PMID- 13695993
TI  - [Bacteriological characteristics of 214 strains of Moraxella lwoffi and M.
      glucidolytica (Acinetobacter)].

PMID- 13695994
TI  - [Sensitivity of bacteria of various genera to thiophenicol].

PMID- 13695995
TI  - [Antibacterial spectra of colistine for 1200 strains].

PMID- 13695996
TI  - [Surgery in the treatment of the poliomyelitic foot in the young child].

PMID- 13695997
TI  - [Saccharose galactosides from the roots of Cucubalus baccifer (Caryophyllaceae).
      Study of their structure].

PMID- 13695998
TI  - [Electroencephalography in encephalites and the degenerative encephalopathies].

PMID- 13695999
TI  - [Determination of phosphates by Msson's nitrovanadomolybdic reagent.
      Spectrophotometric study. Applications to automatic analysis].

PMID- 13696000
TI  - [Measurement of the number of basic groupings of the serum and urinary proteins].

PMID- 13696001
TI  - [Measurement of the number of basic groups in the proteins in biological fluids].

PMID- 13696002
TI  - [Chromatographic study of the aldose-ketose interconversion of various sugrars
      and reducing disaccharides. Comparison between the action of pyridine and that of
      alkalies].

PMID- 13696003
TI  - [alpha-Galactosidase of the germinated seeds of fenugreek].

PMID- 13696004
TI  - [The galactosides of saccharose].

PMID- 13696005
TI  - [Effectiveness of corticotherapy in a grave evolutive case of pulmonary Besnier
      Boeck-Schaumann disease].

PMID- 13696006
TI  - [Remote results of pulmonary or lobar exeresis in pneumoconiotic coal niners,
      cavitational tuberculotics of the Charleroi region].

PMID- 13696007
TI  - [Biliary cystadenomas and polycystic disease of the liver].

PMID- 13696008
TI  - Eucollagen.

PMID- 13696009
TI  - [Apropos of a case of pancreatitis and bulbar ulcer image: possible relations
      between the 2 diseases].

PMID- 13696010
TI  - [Pelvic hydatid cyst. Apropos of a case].

PMID- 13696011
TI  - [Colo-rectal invagination in the adult. Apropos of 2 cases].

PMID- 13696012
TI  - [Large intracavitary uterine fibrous polyp diagnosed by hysterography.
      Radioanatomical comparison].

PMID- 13696013
TI  - [A case report on gastric perforation during corticoid therapy].

PMID- 13696014
TI  - [Apropos of a giant adenofibroma perforating to the skin].

PMID- 13696015
TI  - [On several cases of repeated interventions for pelvic pain].

PMID- 13696016
TI  - [Crohn's disease. Terminal or regional ileitis].

PMID- 13696017
TI  - [On a case of Brinton's linitis plastica].

PMID- 13696018
TI  - [On the value of centromedullary nailing in the treatment of diaphysial fractures
      with intermediary fragment].

PMID- 13696019
TI  - Anoxic changes in the brain after prolonged immersion. Report of case with
      survival for nineteen days.

PMID- 13696020
TI  - Cerebral lesions in cytomegalic inclusion disease.

PMID- 13696022
TI  - Craniocerebral injuries as found in myths, legends, and folk tales of the ancient
      world.

PMID- 13696021
TI  - Clinical evaluation of brain damage in cases of cerebral palsy.

PMID- 13696023
TI  - Diffuse amyelinic cerebellar gangliocytoma. Report of case verified at autopsy.

PMID- 13696025
TI  - Intrinsic vascular changes in nodular cortical atrophy. A comparison with similar
      lesions of later life resulting from ischemia.

PMID- 13696024
TI  - Forensic neuropathology. I. Introduction -- technical matters.

PMID- 13696026
TI  - Obstructive internal hydrocephalus incident to small vascular anomaly of
      midbrain. Report of case.

PMID- 13696028
TI  - The "wound man" and craniocerebral injury. A transitional figure bridging the gap
      between medieval astrological theories and scientific concepts of the
      Renaissance.

PMID- 13696027
TI  - Paranatal anoxia and its residual encephalic lesions.

PMID- 13696029
TI  - The development of the concept of hypoxia-anoxia.

PMID- 13696030
TI  - Status dysmyelinisatus as a cause of athetosis in cerebral palsy. Review of
      literature and report of case.

PMID- 13696031
TI  - [Current pneumophthisiology in 1959-1960].

PMID- 13696032
TI  - [The primacy and perenniality of medical deontology. From Hippocrates to
      Laennec].

PMID- 13696033
TI  - [Tumors of the thymus. I. General considerations and clinical study].

PMID- 13696035
TI  - [Painful syndrome of the lower ribs].

PMID- 13696036
TI  - [On the utilization in current neuropsychiatry of an auxiliary agent of
      nutrition].

PMID- 13696034
TI  - [Tumors of thymus. II. Radiological, diagnostic and therapeutic study].

PMID- 13696037
TI  - Cancer cells in the peripheral blood.

PMID- 13696038
TI  - A method for the collection of saliva.

PMID- 13696039
TI  - [Primary acute myocarditis in infants].

PMID- 13696041
TI  - [On epidural hemorrhages into the spinal canal in newborns and infants and their
      relation to other perinatal hemorrhages].

PMID- 13696040
TI  - [Neonatal meningeal listeriosis (2 cases)].

PMID- 13696042
TI  - [On nerve distribution in teratoma].

PMID- 13696043
TI  - [On the ribosome fraction of E. coli after chloramphenicol application].

PMID- 13696044
TI  - [Biochemical aspects of hepatic insufficiency in hepatosplenic schistosomiasis
      manonsoni].

PMID- 13696045
TI  - Bilharzian liver fibrosis.

PMID- 13696046
TI  - [Contribution to the study of Giardia lamblia Stiles, 1915].

PMID- 13696047
TI  - [Contraindications to the therapeutic use of glycocorticoids].

PMID- 13696048
TI  - [Use of polyphosphates for the treatment of drinking water].

PMID- 13696049
TI  - Terminal incorporation of [14C]AMP into s-RNA by bacterial enzymes.

PMID- 13696050
TI  - [Physiopathology of organic lesions associated with chronic alcoholism].

PMID- 13696051
TI  - [Physiopathology of the principal chemical anomalies associated with hepatic coma
      and analysis of 45 cases].

PMID- 13696052
TI  - [Study of 100 cases of chronic alcoholism].

PMID- 13696053
TI  - [On the subject of the attempts at mass prevention of the Singapore influenza
      virus during the 1957 epidemic].

PMID- 13696054
TI  - [The treatment of cerebro-vascular accidents].

PMID- 13696055
TI  - [Indications for surgery and hormone therapy in the treatment of cancer of the
      prostate].

PMID- 13696056
TI  - [Incontinence of effort or orthostatic incontinence in the female].

PMID- 13696057
TI  - [Centennary of the birth of J. ALBARRAN].

PMID- 13696058
TI  - [Disabled patients of urogenital tuberculosis].

PMID- 13696059
TI  - [Evolution of thoughts on treatment of vesical cancer].

PMID- 13696060
TI  - [Recent surgical lesions of the ureters. 2. Treatment].

PMID- 13696061
TI  - [Acquired toxoplasmosis and infectious mononucleosis. Differential diagnosis and
      respective incidence].

PMID- 13696063
TI  - [My 60 years of practice].

PMID- 13696062
TI  - [Practical importance of cholecystostomy in certain syndromes of cystic duct
      hypertonia].

PMID- 13696064
TI  - [The most common fleas in Venezuela].

PMID- 13696065
TI  - [Some preliminary clinical observations on the use of a new coronary dilator (RA
      8) in syndromes of coronary insufficiency].

PMID- 13696066
TI  - [On the treatment of some states of paroxysmal atrial hyperexcitability
      (paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, atrial paroxysmal tachycardia with block (?) by
      means of the contemporaneous administration of digitalis and potassium salts by
      endovenous route)].

PMID- 13696067
TI  - [Indications of electron therapy by the high-energy betatron in anorectal cancers
      and cancers of the bladder].

PMID- 13696068
TI  - [On the therapeutic use of sulfoniazid in tuberculosis].

PMID- 13696069
TI  - [Some clinical and biological considerations on chromosomal aberrations in man].

PMID- 13696070
TI  - Pitfalls in practice.

PMID- 13696071
TI  - The choroid as site of prime manifestation of systemic involvement in skin
      melanoma. Report of a case.

PMID- 13696072
TI  - [Electromyographical investigation in syndromes of neurosurgical interest].

PMID- 13696073
TI  - [Synthetic drugs and natural drugs].

PMID- 13696074
TI  - Congenital muscular torticollis (wryneck).

PMID- 13696075
TI  - Some skeletal changes in the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. A report of two cases.

PMID- 13696077
TI  - Adapting the scientific exhibit for use in medical publications.

PMID- 13696076
TI  - Fluorescent treponemal antibody test using the Reiter treponeme.

PMID- 13696078
TI  - Massive rectal hemorrhage and diverticular disease of the colon.

PMID- 13696079
TI  - Hair growth in hemidecorticate rats.

PMID- 13696080
TI  - [Behavior and the nervous system].

PMID- 13696081
TI  - [Eduardo Braun MENENDEZ. In memoriam].

PMID- 13696082
TI  - [Nervous system and behavior].

PMID- 13696083
TI  - [Morbidity of tuberculosis and its repercussions on economic conditions of a
      certain district].

PMID- 13696084
TI  - [Sarcoidosis with bizarre clinical manifestations and our experience with the
      treatment of this disease].

PMID- 13696085
TI  - Public health and its relationship to organized medicine.

PMID- 13696086
TI  - Protective abdominal wound dressing.

PMID- 13696087
TI  - The Freedmen's Hospital glaucoma case-finding project.

PMID- 13696088
TI  - Immunization of college students with combined diphtheria-tetanus toxoid (adult
      type).

PMID- 13696089
TI  - Tachyphylaxis of some sympathomimetic amines. A preliminary report.

PMID- 13696090
TI  - The influence of dichloroisoproterenol on isoproterenol vasomotor reversal.

PMID- 13696091
TI  - Immunological studies on African swine fever virus. I. Elimination of the
      procomplementary activity of swine serum with formalin.

PMID- 13696092
TI  - Case of lipoid proteinosis.

PMID- 13696094
TI  - Contact dermatitis due to gold.

PMID- 13696093
TI  - Simultaneous bilateral rupture of Achilles tendons due to triamcinolone.

PMID- 13696095
TI  - A classification of the Klebsiella group.

PMID- 13696096
TI  - Diagnostic tables for the common medical bacteria.

PMID- 13696097
TI  - The nevus of Ota or oculodermal melanocytosis. The ocular changes.

PMID- 13696098
TI  - The verbal--behavior discrepancy in schizophrenia.

PMID- 13696099
TI  - Combined action of cigarette tar and beta radiation on mice.

PMID- 13696100
TI  - Long-term pathological effects of prenatal x-irradiation on the central nervous
      system of the rat.

PMID- 13696101
TI  - Deigendesch's Nachrichters Rossartzneybuchlein.

PMID- 13696102
TI  - An experiment in the utilization of a clinical psychologist as a ward clinical
      administrator in a state psychiatric hospital.

PMID- 13696103
TI  - The non-protein nitrogenous constituents of the tissues of the freshwater
      crayfish Astacus pallipes Lereboullet.

PMID- 13696104
TI  - Retention, resistance and esthetics of the anterior three-quarter crown.

PMID- 13696105
TI  - Pituitary grafts and milk secretion in hypophysectomized rats.

PMID- 13696106
TI  - Hypophysectomy of the goat.

PMID- 13696107
TI  - The maintenance of lactation in the rat after hypophysial anterior lobectomy
      during pregnancy.

PMID- 13696108
TI  - Ribosome-bound beta-galactosidase.

PMID- 13696109
TI  - Children of psychotics--a controlled study.

PMID- 13696110
TI  - Juvenile delinquency and the clergyman.

PMID- 13696111
TI  - Anatomical studies in the genus Digitalis. II. The anatomy of the inflorescence
      of D, lanata L.

PMID- 13696112
TI  - Hemorrhagic shock in dogs treated with extracorporeal circulation. A study of
      survival time and blood chemistry levels.

PMID- 13696113
TI  - Interference by haem in the application of the thiobarbituric acid test.

PMID- 13696114
TI  - The stability of the radiotriolein bond in intestinal secretions.
AB  - The radiotriolein test has been reported to be unreliable in the diagnosis of
      steatorrhoea. A possible explanation is provided by these studies in which
      labelled triolein was incubated in human gastric juice, duodenal juice, and
      faeces; the bond was not stable on duodenal juice.

PMID- 13696115
TI  - Assessment of the radiotriolein test in steatorrhoea.

PMID- 13696116
TI  - Clinical Pathological Conference, January 16, 1961.

PMID- 13696117
TI  - Sodium lactate reversal of quinidine effect studied in rabbit atria by the
      microelectrode technique.

PMID- 13696118
TI  - Guided development of perceptual skill of visual space as a factor in the
      achievement of primary grade children.

PMID- 13696119
TI  - [Application of corticosteroids to the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.
      Casuistic data].

PMID- 13696120
TI  - [Tuberculosis and the World Health Organization. Visit to Geneva].

PMID- 13696121
TI  - Dietary hormones and fat and serum cholesterol, transaminases and copper in
      swine.

PMID- 13696122
TI  - Folic acid deficiency.

PMID- 13696123
TI  - Alteration of healing responses in experimental wounds in arteries and other
      tissues by hypercholesterolemia.

PMID- 13696124
TI  - Cholesterol synthesis, diet, and species.

PMID- 13696125
TI  - Immunization against poliomyelitis with a trivalent oral vaccine.

PMID- 13696126
TI  - The dumping syndrome. An investigation and a cause.

PMID- 13696127
TI  - An improved connexion for No. 12 Magil endotracheal tubes.

PMID- 13696129
TI  - Colour vision defects acquired in diseases of the eye.

PMID- 13696128
TI  - Colour vision defects acquired in diseases of the eye.

PMID- 13696130
TI  - Colour vision defects acquired in diseases of the eye.

PMID- 13696131
TI  - The effect of tridione on colour vision.

PMID- 13696132
TI  - Unilateral color deficiency, congenital and acquired.

PMID- 13696133
TI  - Midterm fetal loss.

PMID- 13696134
TI  - ["Epidermolysis bullosa hereditaria lethalis" complicated by pulmonary thromboses
      (anatomo-pathological study of a case)].

PMID- 13696135
TI  - Metastatic ovarian carcinoma. Ulceration and invasion into the stomach.

PMID- 13696136
TI  - Submucosal ileal granuloma with eosinophilic infiltration and intussusception.

PMID- 13696137
TI  - A new bladder syringe.

PMID- 13696138
TI  - Abnormal excretion of pregnanetriolone and Delta 5-pregnenetriol in the Stein
      Leventhal syndrome.

PMID- 13696139
TI  - Hormonal induction of alkaline phosphatase in human cells in tissue culture.

PMID- 13696140
TI  - Induction of alkaline phosphatase by substrates in established cultures of cells
      from individual human donors.

PMID- 13696141
TI  - The activity of polymethylene-bis-4-amino-quinaldinium salts against Pityrosporum
      ovale and Candida albicans.

PMID- 13696142
TI  - Closed spinal cord injuries.

PMID- 13696143
TI  - Tumors of the spinal canal in children.

PMID- 13696145
TI  - Macroglobulinemia and its effect upon the eye.

PMID- 13696144
TI  - Renal excretion of protein in adrena-lectomized dogs treated with various adrenal
      cortical hormones.

PMID- 13696146
TI  - The deaf child and his educational needs.

PMID- 13696147
TI  - A capillary tube agglutination test for histoplasmosis.

PMID- 13696148
TI  - Congenital torticollis.

PMID- 13696149
TI  - The developmental origin of spondylolisthesis. Two case reports.

PMID- 13696150
TI  - Effects of ovariectomy on the follicle-stimulating and interstitial-cell
      stimulating content of the anterior pituitary of the rat.

PMID- 13696151
TI  - [Apropos of the article "Considerations on natural radioactivity and radioactive
      thermal waters"].

PMID- 13696152
TI  - Familial Mediterranean fever. Report of four cases.

PMID- 13696153
TI  - [Staphylococcal sepsis].

PMID- 13696154
TI  - [Arthrodesis of the hip according to the Delitala method combined with
      transarticular screws in osteoarthrosis].

PMID- 13696155
TI  - [Hemochemical picture of 3 cases of Camurati-Engelmann's osteopathy].

PMID- 13696156
TI  - The gradient of mineralization in developing enamel.

PMID- 13696157
TI  - [Positional nystagmus].

PMID- 13696158
TI  - [Adrenocortical function after prolonged treatment with corticosteroids].

PMID- 13696159
TI  - Effects of adrenalectomy, aldosterone and dehydration on electrolyte metabolism
      of rat renal cortex slices.

PMID- 13696160
TI  - Stimulation by aldosterone of sodium transport in the loop of Henle.

PMID- 13696161
TI  - Stimulation of active sodium transport across the isolated toad bladder after
      injection of aldosterone to the animal.

PMID- 13696162
TI  - Plea for greater use of cytological studies in early detection of cancer.

PMID- 13696163
TI  - Cytology of voided urine with special reference to "benign" papilloma and some of
      the problems encountered in the preparation of the smears.

PMID- 13696164
TI  - Aetiology of congenital talipes.

PMID- 13696165
TI  - On the glycogen contents in the renal epithelium of some domestic and laboratory
      animals.

PMID- 13696166
TI  - The process of cancerous invasion as studied in tissue cultures of human cancer
      of the cervix and corpus uteri.

PMID- 13696167
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of septic and aseptic panniculitis].

PMID- 13696168
TI  - [Fibrocytic anisokaryotopia as a significant moment in the morphogenesis of
      myocardial collagenosis in rheumatic disease].

PMID- 13696169
TI  - Management of injuries to the larynx.

PMID- 13696171
TI  - Some features of the epidemiology of tick typhus in Kenya.

PMID- 13696170
TI  - The problem of stoma construction in laryngectomy cases.

PMID- 13696173
TI  - Some aspects of surgery for coronary disease.

PMID- 13696174
TI  - [Reflections on open heart surgery].

PMID- 13696172
TI  - Amino acid-activating enzymes in rat-liver mitochondria.

PMID- 13696175
TI  - Histological connections and visceral actions of components of the fimbria in the
      rabbit.

PMID- 13696176
TI  - Changes in conduction velocity and fibre size proximal to peripheral nerve
      lesions.

PMID- 13696177
TI  - Olfactory and other afferent connections of the hippocampus in the rabbit, rat,
      and cat.

PMID- 13696178
TI  - Responses of the hippocampus to stimulation of the olfactory bulb and of various
      afferent nerves in five mammals.

PMID- 13696179
TI  - The connections of the habenula in the rabbit.

PMID- 13696180
TI  - The role of the habenula in the respiratory response of the rabbit to warmth or
      to restraint.

PMID- 13696181
TI  - Some properties of respiratory tract mucus.

PMID- 13696182
TI  - Factors affecting the sodium and potassium contents of glycerinated frog muscle.

PMID- 13696183
TI  - Causes of loss of consciousness during underwater swimming.

PMID- 13696184
TI  - Maximal work of one breathing cycle.

PMID- 13696185
TI  - Underwater swimming and loss of consciousness.

PMID- 13696186
TI  - Nursing care of the child after open heart surgery.

PMID- 13696187
TI  - Explosive noise and the masking reaction.

PMID- 13696188
TI  - Breathing in brief exercise.

PMID- 13696189
TI  - An inherited male-producing factor in Aedes aegypti.
AB  - An inherited factor causes a predominance of males in certain strains and in
      progeny of single pairs of Aedes aegypti L. This factor appears to be transmitted
      only by males and is not due to differential mortality, at least in postgametic
      stages. Mass release of male-producing males might be used in control operations.

PMID- 13696190
TI  - Genetic variability in populations of Aedes aegypti.
AB  - Although Aedes aegypti shows extensive physiological, bionomic and morphological
      variation in different populations, the genetic basis for this variation has
      never been determined. Genetic plasticity influences disease transmission,
      resistance to control measures, and breeding behaviour. Solutions to problems of
      public health importance may depend upon an understanding of the present and
      potential degree of genetic resiliency in mosquito populations.The purpose of the
      work described in this paper was to demonstrate that a pattern of considerable
      genetic plasticity exists for A. aegypti and to indicate the range and some of
      the implications of this plasticity.Observations on over 30 strains of various
      geographical origins have revealed genetic variation with respect to sex ratio
      and at least 35 morphological characteristics. Balanced polymorphism is common in
      laboratory colonies and probably in field populations as well. Inbreeding
      experiments were conducted to determine the degree of heterozygosity in
      populations. On the average, every mosquito carried one hidden morphological
      mutation.

PMID- 13696191
TI  - Citation and presentation of the Academy Plaque to George BAEHR, M.D.

PMID- 13696192
TI  - Francis ADAMS, 1796-1861.

PMID- 13696193
TI  - Chemical constitution and anthelmintic activity. V. Alkoxy- and
      chlorophenothiazines.

PMID- 13696194
TI  - Chemical constitution and anthelmintic activity. IV. Substituted phenothiazines.

PMID- 13696195
TI  - Chemical constitution and anthelmintic activity. VI. Some dipheniypumines and
      mono- and dicyclic analogues of phenothiazine.

PMID- 13696196
TI  - A Sertoli cell hamartoma of the ovary in a woman with congenital absence of the
      uterus. A case report.

PMID- 13696197
TI  - The effects of time and temperature on the structure and the tinctorial and
      histochemical reactions of autolyzing tissues.

PMID- 13696198
TI  - Some properties of the iota-toxin of Clostridium welchii, including its action on
      capillary permeability.

PMID- 13696199
TI  - The exploding core. Controlled and pre-planned expansion. No interference with
      normal operation of hospital.

PMID- 13696200
TI  - A prompt effect of exogenous insulin on net hepatic glucose output in man.

PMID- 13696201
TI  - Cycloserine treatment of out-patients with chronic drug resistant pulmonary
      tuberculosis.

PMID- 13696202
TI  - Leukemia and lymphoma mortality in relation to cosmic radiation.

PMID- 13696203
TI  - Homogeneity studies with insulin and related substances.

PMID- 13696204
TI  - A new vitamin A color reaction.

PMID- 13696205
TI  - Properties of resilient denture liners.

PMID- 13696206
TI  - Rupture and stenosis of main stem bronchus.

PMID- 13696207
TI  - The effect of radiothyroidectomy on experimental ascites.

PMID- 13696208
TI  - Renal function studies in the dog hypophysectomized for ascites.

PMID- 13696209
TI  - An evaluation of radioiodine tests of thyroid function.

PMID- 13696210
TI  - An unusual internal hernia.

PMID- 13696211
TI  - Massive bowel resection in a patient with 75 per cent gastrectomy.

PMID- 13696212
TI  - Pseudomembranous enterocolitis.

PMID- 13696213
TI  - Studies on the origin of normal blood amylase.

PMID- 13696214
TI  - Radial palsy simulating Volkmann's contracture in a newly-born baby.

PMID- 13696215
TI  - Convulsive movements occurring in the first 10 days of life.

PMID- 13696216
TI  - Vomiting in the early days of life.

PMID- 13696217
TI  - Croup-associated virus infection in adults; report of two cases.

PMID- 13696218
TI  - An outbreak of influenza B in Panama.

PMID- 13696219
TI  - Interphalangeal osteoarthritis.

PMID- 13696220
TI  - Dermal cylindroma (dermal eccrine cylindroma).

PMID- 13696221
TI  - Catecholamine levels of mouse sympathetic ganglia following hypertrophy produced
      by salivary nerve-growth factor.

PMID- 13696222
TI  - Water management and urban planning.

PMID- 13696223
TI  - [An epidemic outbreak of salmonellosis in infants].

PMID- 13696224
TI  - [Experimental study of the relations between the spleen, endocrine pancreas and
      gastric secretion].

PMID- 13696225
TI  - Unpredictability of antibody response of infants to injections of Salk
      poliomyelitis vaccine.

PMID- 13696227
TI  - Spontaneous, recurrent left bundle branch block without apparent heart disease.

PMID- 13696226
TI  - Patterns of transplacental transfer of neutralizing antibodies against ECHO virus
      types 1, 2, 8, 11 and 20.

PMID- 13696228
TI  - Progress and rate of absorption of radiophosphorus through the intestinal tract
      of rats.

PMID- 13696229
TI  - Some neurosurgical asides on the self-destruction of neurology.

PMID- 13696230
TI  - [On the microscopic demonstration of the complement-fixating antigen-antibody
      complex with fluorescein-labelled anti-complement].

PMID- 13696231
TI  - [Critical discussion of the so-called atypical transformation zone].

PMID- 13696232
TI  - [Meningocele sacralis ventralis].

PMID- 13696233
TI  - [On contact eczema caused by ointment preservatives in pharmaceutical products].

PMID- 13696234
TI  - [A contribution to the subject "squamous epithelial carcinoma of the skin of the
      so-called mucosal type"].

PMID- 13696235
TI  - [Case contribution on the so-called Pinkus type basaloma].

PMID- 13696236
TI  - [On the nosological position of naevus lipomatodes cutaneus superficialis
      (Hoffmann-Zurhelle)].

PMID- 13696237
TI  - [Radiogenic keratoacanthosis. Contribution to its so-called pseudo-recurrence
      after roentgen irradiation].

PMID- 13696238
TI  - [Verruca seborrhoica and so-called "basosquamous cell acanthoma"].

PMID- 13696239
TI  - Accelerated excision and grafting in the lethal burn.

PMID- 13696240
TI  - Density gradient electrophoresis as a new tool in virology.

PMID- 13696241
TI  - [Therapy with kallikrein and trypsin inhibitors, a part of the modern treatment
      of acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 13696242
TI  - [Observations on intra-and postoperative radiomanometry].

PMID- 13696243
TI  - Iodine-132 uptakes by the thyroid in psychotics.

PMID- 13696244
TI  - Chickenpox pneumonia.

PMID- 13696245
TI  - Uncomplicated obstetrics-a revaluation.

PMID- 13696246
TI  - Procedures for the analysis of purines and pyrimidines by elution from columns of
      sulfonated polystyrene with buffers of pH 4.

PMID- 13696247
TI  - A statistical study of apparent digestibility coefficients of the energy-yielding
      components of nutritionally adequate mixed diet consumed by 103 young human
      adults.

PMID- 13696248
TI  - Effects of arousal reaction on nystagmus habituation in the cat.

PMID- 13696249
TI  - Effects of the arousal reaction on nystagmus habituation in cat.

PMID- 13696250
TI  - Habituation of vestibular nystagmus in the cat during sustained arousal produced
      by d-amphetamine.

PMID- 13696251
TI  - Oxygen transfer by the homogentisate oxidase of rat liver.

PMID- 13696252
TI  - An improved diamond knife holder for ultramicrotomy.

PMID- 13696253
TI  - A conceptual formulation for some research on children's achievement development.

PMID- 13696254
TI  - Verbally expressed needs and overt maternal behaviors.

PMID- 13696256
TI  - Automatic analytical instrumentation in the modern power plant.

PMID- 13696255
TI  - A comparison of the patterned and non-patterned probability learning of
      adolescent and early grade school-age children.

PMID- 13696257
TI  - Roentgenographic findings in edentulous areas.

PMID- 13696258
TI  - Susceptibility of primary cultures of feline renal cells to selected viruses.

PMID- 13696259
TI  - Experimental feline viral rhinotracheitis.

PMID- 13696260
TI  - Acid-base balance in surgical patients. II. The dynamic state of the equilibrium.

PMID- 13696261
TI  - Ascorbic acid economy in surgical patients.

PMID- 13696262
TI  - The need for medical scholarships.

PMID- 13696263
TI  - Absorption and elimination of 15N after administration of isotopically labelled
      yeast protein and yeast protein hydrolysate to adult patients with coeliac
      disease. 2. Elimination of isotope in the urine and faeces.

PMID- 13696264
TI  - Cooperation brings safer foundry work environment. Tar heel occupational health
      and safety campaign.

PMID- 13696265
TI  - Some questions concerning the value of psychotherapy in nonhospitalized patients
      treated with psychopharmacologic agents.

PMID- 13696266
TI  - Comparison of Cr51 RBC, I-131-tagged albumin, I-131-tagged rose bengal and I-131
      tagged Diodrast for cardiac output.

PMID- 13696267
TI  - The active transport of sugars by various preparations of hamster intestine.

PMID- 13696268
TI  - An effect of alloxan-diabetes on the active transport of sugars by rat small
      intestine, in vitro.

PMID- 13696269
TI  - Intestinal absorption of sugars.

PMID- 13696270
TI  - Studies on the mechanism of the intestinal absorption of sugars. III. Mutual
      inhibition, in vitro, between some actively transported sugars.

PMID- 13696271
TI  - The role of the adrenal cortex in the aetiology of various diseases.

PMID- 13696272
TI  - Hypertension associated with regenerating adrenal cortical tissue in the rat.

PMID- 13696273
TI  - The rate of oxygen uptake of quiescent cardiac muscle.
AB  - The rate of oxygen uptake of quiescent papillary muscle of the cat heart has been
      determined in a flow respirometer with the use of the oxygen electrode. The
      apparent rate of oxygen uptake as a function of the diameter of the muscle was
      also determined. It was found that papillary muscles from cat hearts use oxygen
      at a rate of 2.84 (microliters/mg. wet weight)/hour at a temperature of 35
      degrees C. Such muscles can be adequately supplied by diffusion when their
      surface is uniformly exposed to an atmosphere containing 95 per cent oxygen only
      if their diameter is 0.64 mm. or less. Papillary muscles from kitten hearts use
      oxygen at a rate of 4.05 (microliters/mg. wet weight)/hour at a temperature of 35
      degrees C. Such muscles can be adequately supplied by diffusion when their
      surface is uniformly exposed to an atmosphere containing 95 per cent oxygen only
      if their diameter is 0.53 mm. or less. If the muscles are small enough to be
      adequately supplied with oxygen by diffusion, the rate of oxygen uptake does not
      increase when the muscle is stretched.

PMID- 13696274
TI  - A snakebite from a burrowing adder.

PMID- 13696275
TI  - Chronic venous insufficiency of the lower extremity.

PMID- 13696276
TI  - Radiation medicine and pediatrics.

PMID- 13696277
TI  - Effects of nidroxyzone on reproductive organs of mice.

PMID- 13696278
TI  - Comparison of the effects of three rauwolfia alkaloids in hypertension.

PMID- 13696279
TI  - [Anaphylactoid and anaphylactic cutaneous exoserosis in the rat].

PMID- 13696280
TI  - [Congenital anetoderma].

PMID- 13696281
TI  - [Contribution to the physiopathology of the mastocyte].

PMID- 13696282
TI  - [The Nelson-Mayer test in neurosyphilis].

PMID- 13696283
TI  - [Acro-osteolysis. 1. On the differential diagnosis of generalized acro
      osteolysis].

PMID- 13696284
TI  - [Acroosteolysis. 2. On the differential diagnosis of localized acroosteolysis and
      the etiology of acroosteolysis syndrome].

PMID- 13696285
TI  - [Biochemical study of a case of carcinoidosis].

PMID- 13696286
TI  - Highlights in recent foreign lpteraure.

PMID- 13696287
TI  - Management of burn deformity of a hand.

PMID- 13696288
TI  - [Pharmacological properties of some substituted pyrazolines with local anesthetic
      activity].

PMID- 13696289
TI  - [Study of several purine antagonists. I. Orientative investigations to clarify
      the influence of several chemico-physical factors on the radical meristem of
      Allium cepa].

PMID- 13696290
TI  - [Study of some purine antagonists. II. Antimitotic activity by the Allium cepa
      test and toxicity of various mercaptopurines].

PMID- 13696291
TI  - Localized cerebral gliosis with giant neurons histologically resembling tuberous
      sclerosis.

PMID- 13696292
TI  - Wernicke's encephalopathy. A clinical and pathological study of 28 autopsied
      cases.

PMID- 13696293
TI  - Gas sterilization adds to life of surgical gloves, tests show.

PMID- 13696294
TI  - Fatigue and driving.

PMID- 13696295
TI  - Surgical treatment for chronic recurring low back pain with sciatic radiation.

PMID- 13696296
TI  - Basilar embolism.

PMID- 13696297
TI  - Report of a family showing "mirror" movements.

PMID- 13696298
TI  - Combined radiologic-surgical therapy of stage I or II carcinoma of the uterine
      cervix. A progress report.

PMID- 13696299
TI  - [Aneurysms and arteriosclerotic occlusive lesions of the aorta and great vessels.
      Analysis of experience acquired through the treatment of 3324 cases].

PMID- 13696300
TI  - Simplified treatment of large, sacciform aortic aneurysms with patch grafts.
      Experiences with 5 cases.

PMID- 13696301
TI  - Hemodynamic alterations of circulation in patients submitted to reconstructive
      vascular operations.

PMID- 13696302
TI  - Surgical treatment of extracranial occlusive lesions causing cerebral arterial
      insufficiency. Arterial pressure changes, pulse wave characteristics, carotid
      sinus activity, and cerebrospinal fluid pressure alterations.

PMID- 13696303
TI  - Surgical considerations of aneurysms and atherosclerotic occlusive lesions of the
      aorta and major arteries.

PMID- 13696304
TI  - Treatment of stroke by arterial reconstructive operation.

PMID- 13696305
TI  - Peripheral arteriosclerotic aneurysm.

PMID- 13696306
TI  - [Lesions which provoke cerebral arterial insufficiency].

PMID- 13696307
TI  - Variations between Negroes and whites in concepts of mental illness and its
      treatment.

PMID- 13696308
TI  - Problems in the conduct of a cancer detection clinic.

PMID- 13696309
TI  - Experimentally induced hypertrophy of growing voluntary muscle.

PMID- 13696310
TI  - Identification of the triose phosphate formed in the tryptophan synthetase
      reaction.

PMID- 13696311
TI  - Occupational therapy in homes for the aged.

PMID- 13696312
TI  - The clinical application of recent experimental conclusions in the treatment of
      intestinal obstruction.

PMID- 13696313
TI  - Application of newer methods to study the importance of root canal and oral
      microbiota in endodontics.

PMID- 13696314
TI  - A study of the human placental capillary.

PMID- 13696315
TI  - Phrenology of schizophrenia.

PMID- 13696316
TI  - Papilloma of the lacrimal sac.

PMID- 13696317
TI  - Hernias in infants and children.

PMID- 13696318
TI  - The properties of Rous sarcoma virus purified by density gradient centrifugation.

PMID- 13696319
TI  - Allergenicity of cow's milk protein. II. Studies with serum-agar precipitation
      technique.

PMID- 13696320
TI  - Allergenicity of cow's milk proteins. IV. Relationship to goat's milk proteins as
      studied by serum-agar precipitation.

PMID- 13696321
TI  - A study of the Rous sarcoma virus by density gradient centrifugation.

PMID- 13696322
TI  - Differential diagnosis of wheezing in infancy.

PMID- 13696323
TI  - Ruptured ventricle. Incidence in population of London, 1957-8.

PMID- 13696324
TI  - The need for communication in psychiatry.

PMID- 13696325
TI  - The anesthesiologist's responsibilities in tracheostomy.

PMID- 13696326
TI  - The modern family physician.

PMID- 13696327
TI  - Placentography in antepartum haemorrhage.

PMID- 13696328
TI  - Histoplasmosis as a cause of acute myocarditis and pericarditis. Report of
      occurrence in siblings and a review of literature.

PMID- 13696329
TI  - Coronary-artery pathology in sudden death from myocardial ischaemia. A comparison
      by age-groups.

PMID- 13696330
TI  - Morphological aspects in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.

PMID- 13696331
TI  - [Morphological aspects in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis].

PMID- 13696333
TI  - The perception of moving objects. II. Eye movements.

PMID- 13696332
TI  - The perception of moving objects. I. Ability and visual acuity.

PMID- 13696334
TI  - Visual acuity and moving objects. III. The coordination of eye and head
      movements.

PMID- 13696335
TI  - Results in psychiatric treatment of patients temporarily resident in a small
      general hospital.

PMID- 13696336
TI  - Outdated red blood cells from the blood bank, for determination of
      antistreptolysin O titers.

PMID- 13696337
TI  - Multiple congenital anomaly associated with an extra autosome.

PMID- 13696338
TI  - The oxalate content of human plasma.

PMID- 13696339
TI  - A check list for evaluating plans.

PMID- 13696340
TI  - Care of the patient with myocardial infarction.

PMID- 13696341
TI  - Supportive psychotherapy with an aged transient.

PMID- 13696342
TI  - [Peculiar findings on experimental renal pathology and new technics for the
      induction of glomerulonephritis].

PMID- 13696343
TI  - [Experimental conditions for the decarboxylation of mesoxalic acid by muscle
      (preliminary results obtained in teleosts)].

PMID- 13696344
TI  - Influence of crowding on monkey health.

PMID- 13696345
TI  - The turnover and shedding of epithelial cells. I. The turnover in the gastro
      intestinal tract.
AB  - This paper confirms that the epithelial lining of the small intestine is in a
      state of continuous replacement and demonstrates that the whole of the
      gastrointestinal epithelium has a similar dynamic equilibrium.

PMID- 13696346
TI  - Examination of the newborn infant.

PMID- 13696347
TI  - Purification and properties of orotidylate decarboxylases from yeast and rat
      liver.

PMID- 13696348
TI  - Fatty livers induced by orotic acid. I. Accumulation and metabolism of lipids.

PMID- 13696349
TI  - The enzymic composition of nuclei isolated from radio-sensitive and non-sensitive
      tissues with special reference to catalase activity.

PMID- 13696350
TI  - Toxic marrow failure after treatment of carcinoma with cytotoxic drugs.

PMID- 13696351
TI  - Abdominal injuries.

PMID- 13696352
TI  - Acute arterial injuries.

PMID- 13696353
TI  - Maintenance of isolated diaphragm with normal sodium content.

PMID- 13696354
TI  - Rate of antagonism of tubocurarine by potassium ions.
AB  - The rate at which potassium ions antagonized the neuromuscular block produced by
      tubocurarine has been examined in isolated rat diaphragm muscle preparations. The
      half-time was dependent on the thickness of the muscle. In thick muscles (550 to
      650 mu) the rate of action could be largely accounted for by the time which the
      potassium took to diffuse through the interstitial fluid to produce an increase
      in concentration in the immediate environment of the muscle fibre.

PMID- 13696355
TI  - Potassium in different layers of isolated diaphragm.

PMID- 13696356
TI  - Evidence for the chemical interaction of urease in solution.

PMID- 13696357
TI  - Detection of genitourinary cancer.

PMID- 13696358
TI  - The ileum and the urinary tract.

PMID- 13696359
TI  - The whys of a pulmonary function test.

PMID- 13696360
TI  - A visit to Carville Leprosarium.

PMID- 13696361
TI  - Health and public opinion.

PMID- 13696363
TI  - [On the distribution and metabolism of cycloserine in the rat].

PMID- 13696362
TI  - [Pharmacological data on the isolated sphincter of Oddi].

PMID- 13696364
TI  - [The action of some inhibitors of monoamine oxidase on experimental rat paw
      edema].

PMID- 13696365
TI  - [Action of hydrochlorothiazide on the isolated guinea pig aorta].

PMID- 13696366
TI  - [Effect of processing in industry and in the home on the nutritive value of meat,
      cereals, and legumes].

PMID- 13696367
TI  - [Nutrition of the healthy person].

PMID- 13696368
TI  - [Natural and synthetic vitamins--their biological effectiveness with special
      reference to vitamin C and carotene].

PMID- 13696369
TI  - [Dietetics as a part of health education].

PMID- 13696370
TI  - [Fight against world hunger. Management of nutritional problems in United Nations
      organization].

PMID- 13696371
TI  - [Vitamin supply and intestinal flora].

PMID- 13696372
TI  - A comparison of the action of triethyltin with other durgs on creatine phosphate
      levels in rat brain and diaphragm preparations.

PMID- 13696373
TI  - The toxicity of tetraethyl lead and related alkyl metallic compounds.

PMID- 13696374
TI  - [On the treatment of therapy-resistant and chronic recurrent hidradenitis with
      essential, highly unsaturated fatty acids].

PMID- 13696375
TI  - Host-parasite factors in group A streptococcal infections. A comparative study of
      streptococcal pyrogenic toxins and gram-negative bacterial endotoxin.
AB  - THE DATA PRESENTED IN THIS STUDY SUGGEST THAT GROUP A STREPTOCOCCI PRODUCE TWO
      DISTINCT PYROGENIC TOXINS: one primarily an intracellular toxin and the other
      mainly an extracellular toxin. Both of these toxins are not extractable by the
      conventional methods, phenol and TCA, used for isolation of Gram-negative
      bacterial endotoxin. Their chemical composition, therefore, differs from that of
      Gram-negative bacterial endotoxin. On the basis of tolerance studies it appears
      that similar non-specific host factors may be involved in the detoxification of
      both the streptococcal intracellular pyrogenic toxin and the Gram-negative
      bacterial endotoxin. Detoxification of streptococcal exotoxin requires a more
      immunologically specific mechanism. Because all the Group A sonic extracts
      studied elicited reciprocal tolerance to one another, it is suggested that
      tolerance to the intracellular pyrogenic toxin is not correlated with type
      specificity.

PMID- 13696376
TI  - Rash induction by intracellular products of group A streptococci.

PMID- 13696377
TI  - [Cortical blindness and visual anosognosia with confusional-demential state
      interfering with a grave hypopituitarism in an aged diabetic patient.
      Anatomoclinical study. (Autopsy finding of an eosinophilic granuloma)].

PMID- 13696378
TI  - [Total amaurosis caused by quinine poisoning with partially regressive course].

PMID- 13696379
TI  - [Acute psychotic state. Attempted establishment of a prognosis based on a
      comprehensive approach].

PMID- 13696380
TI  - [Thallic polyneuritis (apropos of 2 cases)].

PMID- 13696381
TI  - [Flexion of the lower extremities on the occasion of a fit of coughing: isolated
      symptom revealing a medullary compression].

PMID- 13696382
TI  - [Constructive apraxia. Gnosic spatial disorders with microteleoptic illusions.
      Glioblastic infiltration of the right parieto-occipital fissure, the splenium and
      left occipital lobe].

PMID- 13696383
TI  - [Polyneuritic syndromes in cancer patients].

PMID- 13696384
TI  - [Apropos of zosterian paralysis. 1. Zona of the geniculate ganglion with
      diaphragmatic paralysis. 2. Brachial zona with homolateral brachial paralysis,
      heterolateral crural paralysis and albumino-cytological dissociation of the
      cerebrospinal fluid].

PMID- 13696385
TI  - [Reconstruction of the eyelids in tumors].

PMID- 13696386
TI  - [Evaluation of the therapeutic activity of a new antibacterial agent:
      furaltadone].

PMID- 13696387
TI  - [Diisopropylammonium dichloroacetate and its relation to the excretion of
      creatine bodies].

PMID- 13696388
TI  - [Data on the production of non-alcoholic and carbonated beverages in the city of
      Modena].

PMID- 13696389
TI  - Operative crisis from unrecognized pheochromocytoma.

PMID- 13696390
TI  - [The behavior of lipoprotein lipase in essential hypertension].

PMID- 13696391
TI  - [Pathogenetic and clinical aspects of traumatic aneurysm of the heart].

PMID- 13696392
TI  - [Modifications of spinal reflex activity observable in the cat after treatment
      with imipramine].

PMID- 13696393
TI  - [Effects of imipramine on cerebral electrical phenomena due to activation of the
      thalamocortical, transcallosal and intracortical circuits in the cat].

PMID- 13696394
TI  - [Electroencephalographical synchronization and changes of the cortical
      stimulation threshold caused by administration of imipramine in the cat].

PMID- 13696395
TI  - [Modifications of rhinencephalic electrical activity, observed in the cat by
      treatment with imipramine].

PMID- 13696396
TI  - [Effects of the administration of morphine on spontaneous cerebral electrical
      activity, on the alerting reaction and on cortical strychnine spiking in the
      dogs].

PMID- 13696397
TI  - [Electrographic observations concerning the mechanism of predisposition to reflex
      epilepsy obtained by means of morphine].

PMID- 13696398
TI  - [Mechanisms of intracortical propagation of the access of reflex epilepsy
      obtainable in untreated dogs and dogs treated with morphine].

PMID- 13696399
TI  - [On the action of factor I and of gamma-aminobutyric acid on the isolated
      fragment of cat cerebral cortex].

PMID- 13696400
TI  - [The hospital establishment in real law in the province of Quebec].

PMID- 13696401
TI  - [The hospital in positive law in the province of Quebec].

PMID- 13696402
TI  - [Pathology caused by insecticides].

PMID- 13696403
TI  - [A case of alpha-plasmocytoma].

PMID- 13696404
TI  - [Mechanism of fractures of the upper portion of the face during traffic accidents
      (and their practical consequences)].

PMID- 13696405
TI  - [Note on a new method for detection of steroid glucuronides by paper
      chromatography].

PMID- 13696406
TI  - Correspondences in the behavior of the electroretinogram and of the potentials
      evoked at the visual cortex.
AB  - Electrical potentials from the eye (ERG) and from the contralateral visual cortex
      were recorded in response to flashes of white and of colored light of various
      intensities and durations. The evoked potentials were found to parallel the
      behavior of the ERG in several significant respects. Selective changes in the ERG
      brought about by increasing the light intensity and by light adaptation led to
      parallel selective changes in the cortical responses. The dual waves (b(1), b(2))
      of the ERG were found to have counterparts in two cortical waves (c(1), c(2))
      which, in respect to changes in light intensity and to light adaptation, behaved
      analogously to the two retinal components. The responses evoked at high intensity
      showed only the diphasic c(1)-potential. As stimulus intensity was lowered the
      c(1)-wave decreased in magnitude and a delayed c(2)-component appeared. The c(2)
      potential increased in amplitude as light intensity of the flash was further
      reduced. Eventually the c(2)-wave, too, decreased as stimulus reduction
      continued. There was no wave length specificity in regard to either the duplex b
      waves or duplex cortical waves. Both appeared at all wave lengths from 454 mmicro
      to 630 mmicro. The two cortical waves evoked by brief flashes of colored light
      showed all the behavior to changes in stimulus intensity and to light adaptation
      that occurred with white light.

PMID- 13696407
TI  - The spectrum of endocardial fibroelastosis.

PMID- 13696409
TI  - The determination of deuterium in biological fluids.

PMID- 13696408
TI  - Cultivation of microorganisms in heavy water.

PMID- 13696410
TI  - [Clinico-statistical study of fractures of the mandible. New method of blocking
      of the jaws].

PMID- 13696411
TI  - [Isolated fractures of the acromion. (Contribution of 5 cases)].

PMID- 13696412
TI  - [Solitary osseous cyst of the clavicle].

PMID- 13696413
TI  - [Subcutaneous rupture of the tendons of the hand. 2 cases of laceration of the
      finger with rupture at the proximal end of the respective tendons].

PMID- 13696414
TI  - [Arterial pressure of the child during the 1st year of life. Comparative study
      between ordinary methods and the electronic method].

PMID- 13696415
TI  - [Therapeutic indications in bronchial cancer].

PMID- 13696416
TI  - [Disgerminoma of the ovary].

PMID- 13696417
TI  - [Biological importance of the group specific substances].

PMID- 13696418
TI  - Oxidation of hydroxylamine by plant enzyme systems.

PMID- 13696419
TI  - [Cholesterolemia and nutritional consumption of a rural Italian population].

PMID- 13696420
TI  - Estimated speed of action of GB vapor for death and various degrees of
      incapacitation in man.

PMID- 13696421
TI  - Cumulative toxic effects of repeated doses of inhaled GB vapor in dogs.

PMID- 13696422
TI  - Nasal sarcoidosis.

PMID- 13696423
TI  - [The bone-muscle symbiosis].

PMID- 13696424
TI  - [Additional research on the cation content of the human uterine muscle using
      microanalytic methods].

PMID- 13696425
TI  - [Research on the behavior of adenosine triphosphatase in human myometrium. I].

PMID- 13696426
TI  - [Traumatisms of the eye and eyelids in the child].

PMID- 13696428
TI  - [Protoveratrine in the treatment of late pregnancy toxemias].

PMID- 13696427
TI  - [Coincidence of placenta praevia with late pregnancy toxemia].

PMID- 13696430
TI  - [Considerations on the clinical diagnosis and treatment of cholelithiasis. 2.
      Practical considerations on the radiology of cholelithiasis].

PMID- 13696429
TI  - [Results of the use of protoveratrine in late pregnancy toxemias].

PMID- 13696431
TI  - [On Bang's pleuropneumonia].

PMID- 13696432
TI  - [Potentiation of the effects of exogenous insulin by N-(4-methylbenzenesulfonyl)
      N'-butylurea and N1-n-butylbiguanide in the eviscerated animal].

PMID- 13696433
TI  - [Radical removal of the pancreas in man-indications, results, sequelae].

PMID- 13696434
TI  - [Oral diabetes therapy and its experimental principles].

PMID- 13696435
TI  - [Reciprocal relation between the liver and diabetic mellitus].

PMID- 13696436
TI  - Carotid artery murmurs. Clinical and pathophysiologic correlation.

PMID- 13696437
TI  - Ventricular septal defect. An auscultatory and phonocardiographic study of fifty
      cases.

PMID- 13696438
TI  - Subperiosteal haemorrhage in haemophilia A and B.

PMID- 13696439
TI  - [Subperiosteal hemorrhage in hemophilia A and B].

PMID- 13696440
TI  - Haemophilia and therapy with peanuts.

PMID- 13696441
TI  - [Hemophilia and therapy with peanuts].

PMID- 13696442
TI  - [Plasma transfusions in hemophilia. VII. Effect of transfusions with plasma low
      in fibrinogen].

PMID- 13696443
TI  - [Thrombopenia in mother and child].

PMID- 13696444
TI  - Introduction on coagulation disorders in childhood.

PMID- 13696445
TI  - [Activators of blood coagulation].

PMID- 13696446
TI  - [Perinatal possibilities for the infant].

PMID- 13696447
TI  - [Rheumatoid arthritis in children].

PMID- 13696448
TI  - An electrocardiographic study of electrolyte-steroid-cardiopathy and of its
      prevention by di-sodium ethylenediamine tetra-acetate.

PMID- 13696449
TI  - The rate of development of larvae of Loa loa in Chrysops silacea at Kumba, and
      the effect of temperature upon it.

PMID- 13696450
TI  - The relation between the disulphide content of wool and the two-stage
      supercontraction of woolfibres in solutions of LiBr.

PMID- 13696452
TI  - [On orthopedic indications in the treatment of various major burns].

PMID- 13696451
TI  - [Value of palfium during per-and postoperative periods. Importance of analgesia
      in the general anesthesia complex].

PMID- 13696453
TI  - [Apropos of the problem of the excretion of carbon dioxide during surgery].

PMID- 13696454
TI  - [Mobilization interventions in post-traumatic stiffness of the knee in
      extension].

PMID- 13696455
TI  - ["Loco dolenti" corticotherapy in traumatology].

PMID- 13696456
TI  - [Corticotherapy "loco dolenti" in traumatology].

PMID- 13696457
TI  - [On the utilization of external fixators in certain fractures of the pelvis].

PMID- 13696458
TI  - [Apropos of giant cell tumors].

PMID- 13696459
TI  - Observations on bladder invasion by cervical cancer.

PMID- 13696460
TI  - Specific interaction of mitochondrial structural protein (S.P.) with cytochromes
      and lipid.

PMID- 13696461
TI  - Seasonal incidence of clinical onset of Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 13696462
TI  - Allergy to phenethicillin.

PMID- 13696464
TI  - [The effect of auditory stimulation on bioelectrical assimilation of the rhythm
      of intermittent light stimulation].

PMID- 13696465
TI  - A critique of Dr. Firor's editorial on breast cancer.

PMID- 13696463
TI  - Potentiation of secondary evoked responses during deep barbiturate sleep.

PMID- 13696466
TI  - Heat as an adjunct to the treatment of cancer; experimental studies.

PMID- 13696467
TI  - Systemic manifestations of carcinoma. IX. Theoretic considerations.

PMID- 13696468
TI  - [Partially abnormal pulmonary venous return: importance of its preoperative
      diagnosis in pulmonary excisional surgery].

PMID- 13696469
TI  - [Bronchial and pulmonary vascular system in the mole; comparative study with
      man].

PMID- 13696470
TI  - [Bronchial and pulmonary tuberculosis with stenosis of the lingula: late
      complication of a calcified adenopathy of primary infection].

PMID- 13696472
TI  - [Microbiological, clinico-radiological and therapeutic observations during some
      forms of acute pneumopathy in Ligurian children].

PMID- 13696471
TI  - [Demonstration of an enzyme defect (beta-glucuronidase) in a case of familial non
      hemolytic jaundice (Gilbert's disease?)].

PMID- 13696473
TI  - [Treatment of some allergic diseases with dextrochloropheniramine].

PMID- 13696474
TI  - [Exfoliative cytology in the pre-cancerous fight against cancer of the lung].

PMID- 13696476
TI  - Some observations of the effect of filtrates of several representative
      concomitant bacteria on Clostridium botulinum type A.

PMID- 13696477
TI  - [Reversible cirrhogenic jaundice].

PMID- 13696475
TI  - Pulmonary histiocytosis X. A case report.

PMID- 13696478
TI  - [Personal experience with laparoscopy (including 450 examinations in 7 years)].

PMID- 13696479
TI  - [Toxicity of incombustible oils].

PMID- 13696480
TI  - Three amine-oxidase inhibitor drugs in the treatment of depression; relative
      value and toxic effects.

PMID- 13696481
TI  - The Lewis stand for neurological surgery.

PMID- 13696482
TI  - The humoral agent of the pregnancy toxemias.

PMID- 13696483
TI  - Preservation of vaginal function following radical pelvic surgery.

PMID- 13696484
TI  - Preparation and maintenance of the patient receiving irradiation for gynecologic
      cancer.

PMID- 13696485
TI  - Laboratory suggestion. A simple device for facilitating injections in the tail
      veins of mice.

PMID- 13696486
TI  - A heat-stable hemagglutinin in mouse tissue extracts.

PMID- 13696487
TI  - [Report on hygienico-medical service activities in the schools of Bergamo during
      the 1959-60 school year].

PMID- 13696488
TI  - Calcaneal petechiae.

PMID- 13696489
TI  - [Supernumerary cuboid bone in patient with enchondral dysostosis].

PMID- 13696490
TI  - [Derivatives of 3,5-dihydroxy-1,2,4-triazines (6-azauracil) with apparent
      cytostatic action].

PMID- 13696491
TI  - Our experience with the pneumatic extractor applied in 150 cases.

PMID- 13696492
TI  - Intraocular pressure in diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 13696493
TI  - Ocular tension during anticoagulant therapy.

PMID- 13696494
TI  - The collagen content of the vitreous body in alloxan diabetic rabbits.

PMID- 13696495
TI  - [In vivo measurement of the uveal blood layer thickness with an original bio
      haemophotometric method].

PMID- 13696496
TI  - [Uveal hemobiophotometry. (A new method for the measurement of uveal circulation
      in vivo)].

PMID- 13696497
TI  - The site of sensory-motor disorders in concomitant squint.

PMID- 13696498
TI  - [Renal function in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism].

PMID- 13696499
TI  - [Electrocardiographical study of 115 cases of undulant fever observed in Milan
      during the epidemic of 1959-60].

PMID- 13696500
TI  - [Method for the determination of steroids having a 21-desoxyketol chain].

PMID- 13696502
TI  - Testamentary capacity in aphasia.

PMID- 13696501
TI  - Medical aspects of boxing.

PMID- 13696503
TI  - The nature of animal communication and its relation to language in man.

PMID- 13696504
TI  - An interpretation of familial aggregation based on multiple genetic and
      environmental factors.

PMID- 13696505
TI  - Evidence for familial allergy. A study of 50 children and their parents.

PMID- 13696506
TI  - Retroperitoneal fibrosis.

PMID- 13696507
TI  - [Intervention for doubling the posterior wall of the pharynx as a complement to
      restorative surgery of the palate in velar insufficiency].

PMID- 13696508
TI  - [Septicemia caused by Escherichia dispar with myocardial and pericardial
      localization. Cure by colimycin].

PMID- 13696509
TI  - [Hyperthermia fatal in 6 weeks; probability of malignant lupus erythemato
      visceritis].

PMID- 13696510
TI  - Sudden and unexpected death from heart disease. Epidemiologic, anatomo- and
      physiopathologic aspects. A study of 1047 cases.

PMID- 13696511
TI  - [Physiopathological mechanisms of sudden and unexpected death caused by heart
      disease. Observations on 1047 cases].

PMID- 13696512
TI  - [The electrical activity of the physiological monoventricular heart. The
      peripheral electrocardiogram of the fish].

PMID- 13696513
TI  - The "partial double lumen catheter" for bronchospirometry.

PMID- 13696514
TI  - [Further improvements for a new catheter for bilateral bronchospirometry].

PMID- 13696515
TI  - [Unusual radiological observation of cystic hygroma of the shoulder].

PMID- 13696516
TI  - The management of orthopaedic problems in haemophiliacs. A review of 21 cases.

PMID- 13696517
TI  - Sphingomyelin synthesis in Niemann-Pick disease.

PMID- 13696518
TI  - The cerebral defect in Tay-Sachs disease and Niemann-Pick disease.

PMID- 13696519
TI  - Metabolic function in respiratory mucosa as studied in vivo and by organ culture.

PMID- 13696520
TI  - Doctors, administrators and therapeutic communities.

PMID- 13696521
TI  - Pheochromocytomas as cause of unexpected operating room deaths.

PMID- 13696522
TI  - Lactic dehydrogenase in renal disease. Urinary concentrations and relative
      clearances.

PMID- 13696523
TI  - The effect of small doses of oestradiol benzoate on the interstitial tissue of
      the ovary of the hypophysectomized immature rat.

PMID- 13696524
TI  - Ophthalmodynamometry in the diagnosis of insufficiency of the internal carotid
      artery.

PMID- 13696525
TI  - Photomotor reflex as an indicator of consciousness during curarization.

PMID- 13696526
TI  - Chemotherapeutic management of treatment failures and relapses in pulmonary
      tuberculosis.

PMID- 13696527
TI  - [Immuno-electrophoretic study of the appearing of several constituents of the
      adult liver during the embryonic development of the chicken].

PMID- 13696528
TI  - [Immuno-electrophoretic study of the progressive appearance of various
      constituents characteristic of the adult in the chick embryo liver].

PMID- 13696529
TI  - [The serum protein disorders in the malignant blood diseases].

PMID- 13696530
TI  - [Trial of teleradiotherapy in acute leukemias in children].

PMID- 13696532
TI  - [Vaquez's disease. Apropos of 62 cases].

PMID- 13696531
TI  - [The reactions of bone marrow substance in aplastic anemia. Reticulo-histioid
      states of the bone marrow].

PMID- 13696533
TI  - Pempidine in the treatment of hypertension.

PMID- 13696534
TI  - A case of Christmas disease.

PMID- 13696535
TI  - The mechanism and nature of the injury in dislocations of the elbow and a method
      of treatment.

PMID- 13696536
TI  - The care of seriously ill patients in hospital and general practice.

PMID- 13696537
TI  - Maple syrup urine disease.

PMID- 13696539
TI  - A critique of current views on acrocephaly and related conditions.

PMID- 13696538
TI  - A case of severe hypercalcaemia of infancy with an account of the
      neuropathological findings.

PMID- 13696540
TI  - Cytomegalic inclusion-body disease.

PMID- 13696541
TI  - [Prevention of congenital encephalopathies].

PMID- 13696542
TI  - Some factors in the prevention of sepsis in ophthalmic surgery.

PMID- 13696543
TI  - The role of technician in electron microsopy.

PMID- 13696544
TI  - Delayed radionecrosis of the brain following therapeutic x-radiation of the
      pituitary.

PMID- 13696545
TI  - Sarcoidosis associated with progressive muscular wasting and weakness.

PMID- 13696546
TI  - Giant-cell arteritis. General and neurologic aspects.

PMID- 13696547
TI  - Control of hypertension with hydrochlorothiazide and deserpidine.

PMID- 13696548
TI  - Studies in activity level. V. The relationships among eyelid conditioning,
      intelligence, activity level, and age.

PMID- 13696549
TI  - Quantal and graded analysis of dosage-effect relations.
AB  - Loewe's recommendations regarding treatment of stimulus-response relations are
      criticized. Conditions are described where quantal analysis is justified. Loewe's
      interpretation of his graded analysis must be modified in the light of the fact
      that response curves for individuals frequently cross. Superior lines of attack
      on the problem are suggested.

PMID- 13696550
TI  - Acute primary encephalitis. 50 sporadic cases.

PMID- 13696551
TI  - Transfer of radioactive iodide between mother and foetus in the rabbit.

PMID- 13696552
TI  - Quantitative diagnosis of defective color vision. A comparative evaluation of the
      Ishihara test, the Farnsworth dichotomous test and the Hardy-Rand-Rittler
      polychromatic plates.

PMID- 13696553
TI  - [On the treatment of various types of bites].

PMID- 13696554
TI  - [Oral penicillin therapy in combination with vitamin C].

PMID- 13696555
TI  - Cardiovascular and behavioral effects of serotonin and related substances in dogs
      without and with reserpine premedication.

PMID- 13696556
TI  - General practice in Canada and U.S.A.

PMID- 13696557
TI  - Memory disturbances after electroconvulsive therapy. 4. Influence of an
      interpolated electroconvulsive shock on retention of memory material.

PMID- 13696558
TI  - "Countershock" in electroconvulsive therapy. Influence on retrograde amnesia.

PMID- 13696560
TI  - [Pain and pain reactions. Psychiatric aspects].

PMID- 13696559
TI  - Memory functions in endogenous depression before and after electroconvulsive
      therapy.

PMID- 13696561
TI  - Hospital work-therapy for delinquent youths.

PMID- 13696562
TI  - Pyogenic abscess of the liver.
AB  - The author records the case histories of 27 patients suffering from liver abscess
      admitted during the period 1946-60 to the Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford. Seventeen
      were examples of multiple and 10 of single abscess. In most cases the primary
      source was determinable. Despite there being only one survivor of the 10 patients
      with a solitary abscess, the author considers the condition easily curable if
      recognized early.

PMID- 13696563
TI  - A simple test for the control of anticoagulant therapy.

PMID- 13696564
TI  - The absorption and excretion of N-(pyrrolidinomethyl) tetracycline.

PMID- 13696565
TI  - Implication of chromosome structure and replication on hazard of tritiated
      thymidine and the interpretation of data on cell proliferation.

PMID- 13696566
TI  - Evidence for radiation and chemicals as leukemogenic agents.

PMID- 13696567
TI  - The effect of enovid, a synthetic 19-nor-steroid (norethynodrel) on post
      menopausal vaginal and uterine mucosa.

PMID- 13696568
TI  - Renal osteonephropathy.

PMID- 13696569
TI  - Vertebral catheterization via the femoral artery.

PMID- 13696570
TI  - A simple method for the in vivo discrimination of chromium 51 and iron 59.

PMID- 13696571
TI  - Chronic toxicity studies on 2-PAM and EA 1814 in dogs and rabbits.

PMID- 13696572
TI  - The protective action of the oximes P2S and 2-PAM lactate alone or as adjuncts to
      atropine against GB vapor in dogs.

PMID- 13696574
TI  - Answering parents' questions.

PMID- 13696573
TI  - Systemic manifestations due to allergy. Report of fifty patients and a review of
      the literature on the subject (sometimes referred to as allergic toxemia and the
      allergic tension-fatigue syndrome).

PMID- 13696575
TI  - Human growth hormone.

PMID- 13696576
TI  - Rorschach card rejection and IQ.

PMID- 13696577
TI  - Wechsler's Deterioration Ratio in clinical practice.

PMID- 13696578
TI  - Potassium perchlorate in thyrotoxicosis.

PMID- 13696579
TI  - The lumbar spine in the workman.

PMID- 13696580
TI  - Spontaneous fracture dislocation of the sternum.

PMID- 13696581
TI  - Serological detection of a virus in cherry trees with a leaf roll disease.

PMID- 13696582
TI  - [Surgical treatment of vesicular emphysema and air cysts of the lung].

PMID- 13696583
TI  - [Contribution to the study of heredity of mental deficiency].

PMID- 13696584
TI  - [Headache of relative autonomy in childhood and adolescence].

PMID- 13696585
TI  - [Hereditary factors in the basilar impression].

PMID- 13696586
TI  - [Morvan's fibrillary chorea. Anatomo-clinical study].

PMID- 13696587
TI  - Charles Judson HERRICK, October 6, 1866-January 29, 1960.

PMID- 13696588
TI  - The role of hospitals.

PMID- 13696589
TI  - Frozen spleen reimplanted and challenged with Bartonella.

PMID- 13696590
TI  - Hemolysis in vitro and the anemia of leukemia.

PMID- 13696591
TI  - A concept of the pathogenesis of anemia applied to disorders of the intestinal
      mucosa.

PMID- 13696592
TI  - The daily dose of folic acid.

PMID- 13696593
TI  - The clinical observation of an oxytocin infusion.

PMID- 13696594
TI  - [Hemopoiesis in the neonatal age].

PMID- 13696595
TI  - Physical characteristics of the chest and lungs and the work of breathing in
      different mammalian species.

PMID- 13696596
TI  - Physical treatment of children with cerebral palsy.

PMID- 13696597
TI  - Winthrop M. PHELPS.

PMID- 13696598
TI  - The relationship of renal oxygen consumption to renal function and weight in
      individuals with normal and diseased kidneys.

PMID- 13696599
TI  - Renal function in sickle cell anemia. A case report and review of the literature.

PMID- 13696601
TI  - [The diet and chronic renal insufficiency].

PMID- 13696600
TI  - [Apropos of 6 cases of post-traumatic renal insufficiency seen at the Necker
      hospital after the Agadir earthquake].

PMID- 13696603
TI  - [Classification of lipoid nephrosis].

PMID- 13696602
TI  - [3 cases of alkalosis with hypokalemia in the course of cancer development.
      Probable role of hypercorticism].

PMID- 13696604
TI  - [Medical reanimation].

PMID- 13696605
TI  - [Salmonella infections and negative serodiagnostic tests].

PMID- 13696606
TI  - [Note on the prophylaxis of meningococcal infection].

PMID- 13696607
TI  - [Funeral eulogy of Medecin General JULLIARD (1902-1960)].

PMID- 13696608
TI  - [Funebral elogy for Medecin General Inspecteur HOMBOURGER (1893-1959)].

PMID- 13696609
TI  - [Prevention of relapses of acute articular rheumatism in the Army].

PMID- 13696610
TI  - Tuberculosis and uveitis.

PMID- 13696611
TI  - The use of exhaled air in emergency resuscitation.

PMID- 13696612
TI  - Coronary driving pressure and vasomotor tonus as determinants of coronary blood
      flow.

PMID- 13696613
TI  - Influence of coronary perfusion and myocardial edema on pressure-volume diagram
      of left ventricle.

PMID- 13696614
TI  - A new type suction tip especially designed for intracardiac surgery.

PMID- 13696615
TI  - The treatment of regurgitant esophagitis by reconstruction of the cardiac
      sphincter mechanism in patients with no demonstrable hiatal hernia.

PMID- 13696616
TI  - The hospital emergency room.

PMID- 13696617
TI  - A study of the tracheobronchial epithelium and changes related to smoking.

PMID- 13696618
TI  - Follow-up study of admissions to mental hospitals. Some results relevant to
      future planning.

PMID- 13696620
TI  - The role of adequate hydration in the management of neonatal jaundice.

PMID- 13696619
TI  - Respiration in the new-born baby.

PMID- 13696621
TI  - The effect of oxytocin on the urinary excretion of water and electrolytes in man.

PMID- 13696622
TI  - Undergraduate teaching of otolaryngology. Viewpoint of a general practitioner.

PMID- 13696623
TI  - Project spells new hope for the handicapped.

PMID- 13696624
TI  - Why contact lenses?

PMID- 13696625
TI  - The chemistry of the animal and vegetable fats in relation to their utilization
      and industrial processing.

PMID- 13696626
TI  - The uptake and elimination of Cesium-137 by a grasshopper-Romalea microptera.

PMID- 13696627
TI  - Special series on hospital planning. V. Experience in the use of a recovery room
      during the past four years.

PMID- 13696628
TI  - A set of guide and bougies to facilitate insertion of Mousseau-Barbin tubes.

PMID- 13696629
TI  - [On results obtained with tomographic examination in the study of the bile ducts
      with intravenous cholangiography].

PMID- 13696631
TI  - [Calcifying adenocarcinoma of the stomach].

PMID- 13696630
TI  - [Our experience in the field of peroperative cholangiography].

PMID- 13696632
TI  - [Isolation of a pathogenic virus of the pemphigus disease group (Preliminary
      note)].

PMID- 13696633
TI  - [Isolation of a single pathogenic virus in diseases of the pemphigus group].

PMID- 13696634
TI  - [Initial clinical trials with Tofranil Geigy in the treatment of infants at the
      Office Medico-Pedagogique Vaudois].

PMID- 13696636
TI  - Mortality in Northern Territory aborigines.

PMID- 13696635
TI  - Volume-pressure and length-tension measurements in human tracheal and bronchial
      segments.

PMID- 13696637
TI  - Effect of griseofulvin (Fulvicin) in superficial fungous infections.

PMID- 13696638
TI  - Treatment of superficial fungous infections with griseofulvin.

PMID- 13696639
TI  - Modification of irradiation injury in the monkey by bone marrow transplantation.

PMID- 13696640
TI  - Treatment of total-body x-irradiated monkeys with autologous and homologous bone
      marrow.

PMID- 13696641
TI  - Enzymes of the Krebs-Henseleit cycle in human epidermis.

PMID- 13696642
TI  - Evaluation of the enzymes of the Krebs-Henseleit cycle in human epidermis.

PMID- 13696643
TI  - The distribution of arginase in human hair roots.

PMID- 13696644
TI  - Irradiation of condensed meiotic chromosomes in Lilium longiflorum.

PMID- 13696645
TI  - The estimation of air pollution emissions in a regional air pollution control
      district.

PMID- 13696646
TI  - Tumors of the nose and nasal accessory sinuses.

PMID- 13696647
TI  - Norepinephrine metabolism in rat brain and heart.

PMID- 13696648
TI  - Urinary excretion of catecholamines and their metabolites in pheochromocytoma.

PMID- 13696649
TI  - Catecholamines in the localization of pheochromocytoma.

PMID- 13696651
TI  - [Research on the etiology of otitis media in infants in Liguria].

PMID- 13696650
TI  - Inhibition of catechol-O-methyl transferase by pyrogallol in the rat.

PMID- 13696652
TI  - [Virological studies during some forms of pneumopathy in Ligurian children].

PMID- 13696653
TI  - [Use of formalized sheep erythrocytes for the investigation of antisalmonella
      antibodies, with special reference to the preservability of the antigen].

PMID- 13696654
TI  - Differential acuity of the two eyes and the problem of ocular dominances.
AB  - While it has long been thought that no relationship exists between the eye of
      greater visual acuity and the eye favored in sighting, the data collected suggest
      the need for a re-examination of this issue. Sighting-dominance and acuity
      dominance were associated. In addition, most individuals tested showed acuity
      dominance of the left eye.

PMID- 13696655
TI  - Bleeding duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 13696656
TI  - Cholesterol pericarditis.

PMID- 13696657
TI  - Is serious pulmonary disease caused by nonphotochromogenic ("atypical'') acid
      fast Mycobacteria communicable?

PMID- 13696658
TI  - Population genetics.

PMID- 13696660
TI  - Pure water from foul.

PMID- 13696659
TI  - Photosensitivity due to pitch.

PMID- 13696661
TI  - Acute dilatation of stomach as a complication of muscular dystrohy.

PMID- 13696662
TI  - Effect of acidity on blood coagulation.

PMID- 13696663
TI  - Changes in tissue pH after circulatory arrest.

PMID- 13696664
TI  - Physiologic method for cardiac resuscitation.

PMID- 13696666
TI  - Contact sensitivity in mice.

PMID- 13696665
TI  - The mammalian cell-virus relationship. VI. Sustained infection of HeLa cells by
      Coxsackie B3 virus and effect on superinfection.
AB  - Sustained infection of HeLa cells by Coxsackie B3 virus, dependent on presence of
      viral inhibitor in culture medium, was achieved. Persistent treatment of carrier
      cultures with anti-Coxsackie B3 hyperimmune monkey serum eventually eliminated
      virus from carrier cultures indicating that a lysogenic virus-cell relationship
      was not operative. Free virus was produced continuously by carrier cultures
      despite washing and neutralization with antiserum to eliminate free virus
      temporarily. In carrier cultures, about 1.5 to 1.9 plaque-forming units of virus
      per cell were cell-associated; approximately 6 per cent of this cell-associated
      virus was not neutralizable by antiserum. In growth medium containing anti-B3
      antibody, cells from carrier cultures formed colonies as efficiently as cells
      from B3-cured cultures. Assays of carrier cultures for infectious centers
      indicated that less than 1 per cent of cells produced free infectious virus. The
      Coxsackie B3 virus-carrier state appeared to represent surface residence of B3
      virus on the majority of carrier cells with restriction of productive infection
      to a small proportion of the population. Coxsackie B3 carrier HeLa cultures,
      unlike control cultures, were not destroyed by challenge with Coxsackie B1, B3,
      or B5 viruses. The B3 carrier state did not interfere with superinfection by
      herpes, vaccinia, and types 1 to 3 polioviruses. In contrast to parental or B3
      cured lines, B3-carrier HeLa cultures superinfected with Coxsackie B1 virus
      produced no significant virus, and cultures superinfected with B5 viruses
      produced new virus to a limited extent only. Specific interference with Coxsackie
      virus superinfection by the B3-carrier state of HeLa cells was shown to be
      attributable to failure of attachment in the instance of Coxsackie B1 virus, and
      failure of penetration and/or eclipse in the instance of B5 virus. The
      interfering effect was circumvented successfully by superinfection of carrier
      cells with ribonucleic acid extracted from Coxsackie B1 and B5 viruses.

PMID- 13696667
TI  - Interpretation of immunodiffusion tests.

PMID- 13696668
TI  - Primary torsion of the omentum.

PMID- 13696669
TI  - The application of the autoanalyzer to the determination of d-xylose excreted in
      urine.

PMID- 13696670
TI  - Biosynthesis of the pyrethrins.

PMID- 13696671
TI  - The infection of apical meristems of tomato roots with tobacco mosaic virus after
      treatment with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

PMID- 13696672
TI  - Conditions affecting rate of development of anoxic block in C fibers.

PMID- 13696673
TI  - State society sponsored programs for teachers of medical technology.

PMID- 13696674
TI  - Studies of the inhibitory action of guanidine on poliovirus multiplication in
      cell cultures.

PMID- 13696675
TI  - The incorporation of neutral red and acridine orange into developing poliovirus
      particles making them photosensitive.

PMID- 13696676
TI  - [Action of oxytocin on the renal excretion of water, sodium and potassium].

PMID- 13696677
TI  - [Pathological anatomy of the confined lung in cases of chronic pleural empyema].

PMID- 13696678
TI  - [Chronic adrenal insufficiency].

PMID- 13696679
TI  - The physician's role in the defense against biological weapons.

PMID- 13696680
TI  - Civilian medical problems in the defense against chemical and biological weapons.

PMID- 13696681
TI  - The present status of the sulphonamides.

PMID- 13696682
TI  - [Chemical osteosynthesis. (First clinical experiences with polyurethanes)].

PMID- 13696683
TI  - [Critical study of the power of fixation of histamine and serotonin by the blood
      serum].

PMID- 13696684
TI  - Turtle vestibular responses to angular acceleration with comparative data from
      cat and man.

PMID- 13696685
TI  - [On the decomposition of nicotine by bacterial enzymes. II. Isolation and
      characterization of a nicotine-splitting soil bacterium].

PMID- 13696686
TI  - [Should hormonal therapy be used in progressive chronic rheumatism in children
      and adolescents?].

PMID- 13696687
TI  - [Functional restoration of respiration and blood circulation after surgical
      treatment of tuberculosis of the lungs].

PMID- 13696688
TI  - Pilonidal sinus and cyst. A new method of primary suture.

PMID- 13696689
TI  - [Bronchial dilatation following primary tuberculous infection].

PMID- 13696690
TI  - The role of moniliasis in diarrhea of marasmic infants. A controlled study of
      nystatin.

PMID- 13696691
TI  - Biochemical studies on serum proteins in kwashiorkor of Egyptian infants.

PMID- 13696693
TI  - Scientific aspects in the control of snail vectors of bilharziasis.

PMID- 13696692
TI  - On the variability in morphology and anatomy of the planorbid snails in Egypt
      (U.A.R.) with special reference to snail intermediate hosts of Schistosoma
      mansoni.

PMID- 13696694
TI  - [On the use of Giemsa's stain for cork cell walls].

PMID- 13696695
TI  - Electrophoretic studies on serum proteins after antirabies vaccine
      administration.

PMID- 13696696
TI  - Pyruvate tolerance test in man.

PMID- 13696697
TI  - The swelling of normal, preneoplastic and neoplastic liver mitochondria. III. The
      effect of dimethylnitrosamine on the swelling and enzymic properties of rat liver
      mitochondria.

PMID- 13696698
TI  - Changes in the levels of glycolytic intermediates resulting from the increase in
      Pasteur effect produced by alpha-ketoglutarate in aerobically-glycolyzing
      homogenates of the ascites tumor cell.

PMID- 13696699
TI  - Studies on isolated tumour mitochondria: oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid
      oxidation by rat hepatoma mitochondria.

PMID- 13696700
TI  - Abolition by 2:4-dinitrophenol of the protective effect of succinate and adenine
      nucletides on the onset of the thvroxine-induced swelling of liver mitochondria.

PMID- 13696701
TI  - The effect of succinate on the glutathione- and cysteine-induced swelling of
      liver and hepatoma mitochondria.

PMID- 13696702
TI  - [On the chemistry and pharmacology of Podophyllum glucoside and its derivatives.
      1].

PMID- 13696704
TI  - [On the pharmacology of various commonly used antineoplastic agents].

PMID- 13696703
TI  - [On the chemistry and pharmacology of Podophyllum glucoside and its derivatives.
      2].

PMID- 13696706
TI  - Heredity in primary gout.

PMID- 13696707
TI  - A statistical study of clinical scores obtained in the Wirt stereopsis test.

PMID- 13696705
TI  - A clinical trial of "Mecoral", an hypnotic tablet containing chloral hydrate.

PMID- 13696708
TI  - Apparatus for supplying isotonic irrigating fluid during transurethral surgery.

PMID- 13696709
TI  - The foreign medical graduate.

PMID- 13696710
TI  - [Idiopathic genurecurvatum of adolescents. (Tibia recurvata)].

PMID- 13696711
TI  - Emmonsia crescens sp. n. and adiaspiromycosis (haplomycosis) in mammals.

PMID- 13696712
TI  - Bioassay of the antifungal agent X-5079C in serum of patients.

PMID- 13696713
TI  - Chemotherapeutic and toxic activity of the antifungal agent X-5079C in
      experimental mycoses.

PMID- 13696714
TI  - Isolation of Histoplasma capsulatum from soil in Washington. D.C.

PMID- 13696715
TI  - [Phonocardiographic findings in Ebsten's disease].

PMID- 13696716
TI  - [On phonocardiographic findings in the hearts of athletes].

PMID- 13696717
TI  - [Causes of maternal mortality and their elimination].

PMID- 13696718
TI  - [On differentiation of exudate and transudate].

PMID- 13696719
TI  - [Glycogen thesaurismosis in adults].

PMID- 13696720
TI  - [Experience in prolonged treatment with very powerful corticosteroids].

PMID- 13696721
TI  - An x-ray spectrographic investigation of the soft tissue around titanium and
      cobalt alloy implants.

PMID- 13696722
TI  - Reaction of tissues to alloys used in osteosynthesis. Experimental, histological
      examination of reaction of soft tissues in animals.

PMID- 13696723
TI  - Comparison between biological assays and the ferroxyl test for studying corrosion
      of experimental metal implants.

PMID- 13696724
TI  - Experimental investigation of corrosion of stainless steels used in bone surgery.

PMID- 13696725
TI  - [Inhibition of the antiseptic activity of phenyl-mercury borate and of
      ethylmercuri-thiosalicylate of sodium by the skin, blood and thioglycolate media.
      Removal of this inhibition with sodium tetradecyl-sulfate and with sodium lauryl
      sulfate].

PMID- 13696726
TI  - [Growth disorders in congenital enchondral dysostoes].

PMID- 13696727
TI  - Hafnia alvei strains possessing the alpha antigen of Stamp and Stone.

PMID- 13696728
TI  - [On symbiotic interrelationships between Cl, pasteurianum with Bac.
      closteroides].

PMID- 13696729
TI  - Metabolic studies on N-methylpridinium-2-aldoxime. II. The conversion to N
      methylpyridinium-2-nitrile.

PMID- 13696730
TI  - Metabolic studies on N-methylpyridinium-2-aldoxime. I. The conversion to
      thiocyanate.

PMID- 13696732
TI  - Shortforms of the WISC for use with emotionally disturbed children.

PMID- 13696731
TI  - [Sanitary children's homes specialized in the treatment of chronic non
      tuberculous diseases of the respiratory tract].

PMID- 13696733
TI  - [Observations relative to projections of the neocortex toward the caudate
      nucleus].

PMID- 13696734
TI  - [Usefulness of immediate examination of vaginal exudate].

PMID- 13696735
TI  - Separation of a triphosphopyridine nucleotide-specific from a diphosphopyridine
      nucleotide-specific 17 beta-hydroxy-(testosterone) dehydrogenase of guinea pig
      liver.

PMID- 13696736
TI  - [Blood proteins during the menstrual period in x-ray technicians].

PMID- 13696737
TI  - Standing wave problems in acoustic behavioral testing of animals.

PMID- 13696738
TI  - Fibrinolytic activity of human tissues and dog mast cell tumors.

PMID- 13696739
TI  - Mast cells and fibrinolysin.

PMID- 13696740
TI  - The venomous sea-urchin Toxopneustes pileolus.

PMID- 13696741
TI  - A report on mortality and morbidity following 9,107 hypotensive anaesthetics.

PMID- 13696742
TI  - Hypotensive anaesthesia in plastic surgery.

PMID- 13696743
TI  - The value of hypotensive anaesthesia in plastic surgery.

PMID- 13696744
TI  - ["Khellin" produced in Czechoslovakia in the treatment of stenocardia
      (preliminary communication)].

PMID- 13696745
TI  - [The repercussion of electrolyte distrbances of humoral balance on the
      electrocrdiogram].

PMID- 13696746
TI  - [The treatment of essential hypertension with bretylium tosylate].

PMID- 13696747
TI  - [The serological aspects of diffuse mesenchymal reactions].

PMID- 13696749
TI  - A consideration of the mechanisms of resistance to viral infection based on
      recent studies of the agents of measles and poliomyelitis.

PMID- 13696748
TI  - [Elevation of blood pressure by 2 new centrally acting substances following
      curarization].

PMID- 13696750
TI  - [Relation of cardiovascular diseases and cardiac decompensation to obesity].

PMID- 13696751
TI  - New instrument and method for evaluating tablet fracture resistance.

PMID- 13696752
TI  - The total effort against cancer.

PMID- 13696753
TI  - [Practical experiences with a new anabolic agent in orthopedics].

PMID- 13696754
TI  - Social conformity in perception of the autokinetic effect.

PMID- 13696755
TI  - [Observation on the course of cerebral carbohydrate metabolism in a case of
      periodic endogenous psychosis].

PMID- 13696756
TI  - Histochemical studies on nuclear inclusion in tissue culture cells in duced by 4
      nitroquinoline N-oxide.

PMID- 13696757
TI  - Ossification in tissue culture. I. Histological development of the femur of chick
      embryo in various liquid media.

PMID- 13696758
TI  - [Study of B virus in Japan. 1. Research on the antibodies neutralizing B virus in
      monkeys of Japanese origin and in foreign monkeys imported into Japan].

PMID- 13696760
TI  - [Relation between the socio-economical condition and the labour process of
      agriculture. 2. The trend of the change of the labour process in agriculture].

PMID- 13696759
TI  - [Study of B virus in Japan. II. Initial isolation of B virus in Japan].

PMID- 13696761
TI  - [Relation between the socio-economical condition and the labour process of
      agriculture. 3. Effect of the land improvement on the labour process of
      agriculture].

PMID- 13696762
TI  - [Directed blood pressure decrease in brain surgery. (Report on a new preparation
      HL 8731 DHW Rodleben and its side-effects)].

PMID- 13696763
TI  - [The documentation of the anesthesiologist].

PMID- 13696764
TI  - Hydatidiform mole. Report of a patient with 5 consecutive hydatidiform moles.

PMID- 13696765
TI  - Hormonal "feedback" regulation of pituitary-adrenocortical activity.

PMID- 13696767
TI  - Adrenocortical function in the rat.

PMID- 13696766
TI  - [The role of the rhinencephalon in the activation of the hypophysial
      adenocorticogonadal system and in the formation of emotional and sex behavior].

PMID- 13696768
TI  - Contributions to the hypothalamic control fo pituitary, ovarian and adrenal
      cortical function.

PMID- 13696769
TI  - [Biochemical function tests in neurology, 1. The test of pyruvicemia after
      glucose overload].

PMID- 13696770
TI  - [On the origin of a polyneuropathy in a case of Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia].

PMID- 13696772
TI  - Pituitary hormones elaborated during stress. Action on lymphoid tissues, serum
      proteins, and antibody titres.

PMID- 13696771
TI  - [Electrocardiographic and vectoracardiographic research in chronic corpulmonale].

PMID- 13696773
TI  - Influence of adrenalectomy on urinary excretion of 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid in
      the rat.

PMID- 13696774
TI  - Closure of antro-alveolar fistulae.

PMID- 13696775
TI  - Electrocardiographic alterations in the course of attempts at reducing and after
      reduction of atrial fibrillation by auinidine.

PMID- 13696776
TI  - [On nephrolithotomy].

PMID- 13696777
TI  - [On the necessity for excretory urography in the diagnosis of nephrolithiasis].

PMID- 13696778
TI  - [Treatment of urinary calculi with mineral waters].

PMID- 13696779
TI  - [2 accomplishements of medical and hospital policy in Israel: Beilinson Hospital
      in Tel-Aviv; the Faculty of Medicine of Jerusalem].

PMID- 13696780
TI  - [Scandinavia: summary of the health and social policy].

PMID- 13696781
TI  - Electrophoretic studies of leukocyte antibodies. I. Evaluation of experimentally
      produced antibodies.

PMID- 13696782
TI  - Electrophoretic studies of leukocyte antibodies. II. Study of clinical states.

PMID- 13696783
TI  - [Serological results of routine examinations of Norwegian seamen with the
      Treponema pallidum immobilization test (TPI)].

PMID- 13696784
TI  - Splenectomy in a case of chronic haemolytic anaemia associated with haemoglobin
      H.

PMID- 13696785
TI  - [On the diagnosis of aseptic necrosis of the femoral head in adults].

PMID- 13696786
TI  - A bacteriological study of the pathogenic significance of atypical mycobacteria
      isolated from eleven patients.

PMID- 13696787
TI  - Pathogenicity and virulence of atypical mycobacteria for experimental animals,
      with particular reference to pathological processes in the joints and tendon
      sheaths of rabbits.

PMID- 13696788
TI  - [Axillary nerve block- a type of anesthesia for arm and hand surgery].

PMID- 13696789
TI  - [Injuries caused by safety belts. A contribution to the discussion with reference
      to an unusual case].

PMID- 13696790
TI  - Family flats with a nursing annexe. A Danish experiment for the disabled.

PMID- 13696791
TI  - The diagnosis and treatment of toxic nodular goiter.

PMID- 13696792
TI  - Laboratory approximation of individual tolerance to aircraft carrier decknoise.

PMID- 13696793
TI  - Free amino acid patterns and other chemical constituents of rabbits' blood and
      blood vessels.

PMID- 13696794
TI  - Thyroid function and myasthenia gravis.

PMID- 13696795
TI  - Thyroid function and periodic paralysis.

PMID- 13696796
TI  - [Death from hemorrhage caused by perforation of an intramural pregnancy into the
      small intestine].

PMID- 13696797
TI  - Biologic and psychologic features of the ulcerative colitis patient.

PMID- 13696799
TI  - [On degeneration of leukocytes in vitro. (Studis with the phase contrast
      microscope)].

PMID- 13696798
TI  - Is grief a disease? A challenge for medical research.

PMID- 13696800
TI  - [Research on the preparation temperature of the microscope warming table].

PMID- 13696801
TI  - Management of patients with spinal cord injury.

PMID- 13696802
TI  - The estimation of urinary metabolites of administered estradiol-17 beta-16-C14.

PMID- 13696803
TI  - Studies in the reliability of the children's insight test.

PMID- 13696804
TI  - The pathogenesis of necrobiosis lipoidica. Necrobiosis lipoidica, a form fruste
      of diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 13696805
TI  - Monilial granuloma with hypergammaglobulinemia. Treatment with amphotericin B and
      dermabrasion.

PMID- 13696806
TI  - Catalase activity, sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide, and radiation response in
      the genus Escherichia.

PMID- 13696807
TI  - Morphology of Nitrosomonas europaea and classification of the nitrifying
      bacteria.

PMID- 13696809
TI  - Combat and the faddist with facts.

PMID- 13696808
TI  - Conjoined thoracopagus infants.

PMID- 13696810
TI  - [Pneumonia in children].

PMID- 13696811
TI  - [Regeneration of lung tissue?].

PMID- 13696812
TI  - The expanding role of the urologist in diagnosis and surgical treatment of renal
      diseases.

PMID- 13696813
TI  - Central core disease-an investigation of a rare muscle cell abnormality.

PMID- 13696814
TI  - Muscle target fibres, a newly recognized sign of denervation.

PMID- 13696815
TI  - [On a neurofibromatous hamartoblastoma of the liver].

PMID- 13696816
TI  - Absence of carbon monoxide-sensitive respiration in a streptomycin-dependent
      mutant of Escherichia coli grown in limited amount of streptomycin.

PMID- 13696817
TI  - Studies on streptomycin dependent bacteria: effect of growth in limiting amounts
      of streptomycin on respiration and fermentation of a streptomycin dependent
      mutant of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 13696818
TI  - Absence of lipemia clearing factor lipase in human adipose tissue.

PMID- 13696819
TI  - Effect of heparin upon excretion of cholesterol end-products in man.

PMID- 13696820
TI  - Plasma heparin levels in normal man.

PMID- 13696822
TI  - A method of measuring the degree of synchronization of cell populations.

PMID- 13696821
TI  - Plasma heparin levels. Correlation with serum cholesterol and low-density
      lipoproteins.

PMID- 13696823
TI  - The influence of silicic acid on some respiratory enzymes.

PMID- 13696824
TI  - The toxicity of silicic acid.

PMID- 13696825
TI  - [The influence of colloidal silica on the oxygen consumption of tissues].

PMID- 13696826
TI  - Fibrosis and collagen in rats' lungs produced by radioactive mine dust.

PMID- 13696827
TI  - [Effect of the environment on the development of parasitic worms].

PMID- 13696829
TI  - Pathological aspects of leukaemia.

PMID- 13696828
TI  - Breast abscess: a review of 220 cases.

PMID- 13696831
TI  - Studies on leucocyte iso- and auto-antibodies.

PMID- 13696830
TI  - [General and local reactions after parenteral administration of a sodium
      containing contrast medium].

PMID- 13696832
TI  - Evaluation of Warexin as a potential cold sterilizing agent. I. Bacteriologic
      studies.

PMID- 13696833
TI  - [On the pharmacology of the sympathomimetic 1-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-hydroxy-2
      isopropylaminoethane].

PMID- 13696834
TI  - [Allergic contact eczema and its significance for practice and clinical
      practice].

PMID- 13696835
TI  - [Skin reactios to benzyl ester of nicotinic acid and their significance for the
      differential diagnosis of dermatoses].

PMID- 13696836
TI  - [The diagnosis of fixed exanthem and its etiological noxae].

PMID- 13696837
TI  - [The stimulation response of the skin to acetylcholine in various dermatoses].

PMID- 13696838
TI  - [Experimental contributions to oral typhoid fever immunization].

PMID- 13696839
TI  - [Can kwashiorkor cause diabetes mellitus and severe peripheral vascular
      diseases?].

PMID- 13696840
TI  - [Kwashiorkor and its treatment].

PMID- 13696841
TI  - [Scarlet fever therapy].

PMID- 13696842
TI  - The diabetic is employable.

PMID- 13696843
TI  - [Asphyxia during delivery].

PMID- 13696844
TI  - [Studies on modification of the metabolism of growing swine by a salicylic acid
      derivative. II].

PMID- 13696845
TI  - [Conservative treatment of diabetic gangrene with antibiotics and
      corticosteroids].

PMID- 13696846
TI  - [Digestibility, hepato-blood distribution and degradation of alimentary
      cholesterol in the rabbit and rat: comparative study].

PMID- 13696847
TI  - [Pharmacological research on a new antitussive agent, 1-(p-chlorophenyl)-2,3
      dimethyl-4-dimethyl-amino-2-butanol HC1].

PMID- 13696848
TI  - [The use of hard-ray technic (200 kV) in studies with negative contrast media].

PMID- 13696849
TI  - Female epispadias: treatment of incontinence by the Marshall-Marchetti technique.

PMID- 13696850
TI  - Hepatic uptake of cortisol during surgical operations.

PMID- 13696851
TI  - [Contact problems in children without siblings].

PMID- 13696852
TI  - [On nonpsychotic psychosyndromes in influenza].

PMID- 13696853
TI  - [On the clinical evaluation of anti-epileptic medications with special reference
      to Ospolot].

PMID- 13696854
TI  - [Vasoactive treatment in psychiatric indications].

PMID- 13696855
TI  - Basal skull fractures involving the sella turcica.

PMID- 13696856
TI  - [On psychological methods of diagnosis and their application in child and
      adolescent psychiatry].

PMID- 13696857
TI  - [Ambulant phytotherapy in liver and bilary tract diseases].

PMID- 13696858
TI  - [The usefulness of vaginal, oral mucosal and urinary sediment smears for hormonal
      diagnosis].

PMID- 13696859
TI  - [Music therapy].

PMID- 13696860
TI  - Studies in subacute bacterial endocarditis.

PMID- 13696861
TI  - [Experiences with an enzymatic method for the determination of blood sugar].

PMID- 13696862
TI  - [Acute oliguric renal failure. The current status from the viewpoint of internal
      medicine].

PMID- 13696863
TI  - [Diabetes insipidus].

PMID- 13696864
TI  - [Varicella-herpes zoster. A case of herpes zoster generalisatus].

PMID- 13696865
TI  - The effect of corticotropin on the phagocytosis of thorotrast in the adrenal
      cortex of rats: a roentgenologic investigation.

PMID- 13696866
TI  - [Cervico-brachialgia].

PMID- 13696867
TI  - [Lymphoadenography after acute massive irradiation of the lymph nodes and after
      lymph nodal dissection (experimental study on rats)].

PMID- 13696868
TI  - [Ventriculographical findings in former concentration camp prisoners].

PMID- 13696869
TI  - Vitamin-D deficiency and bone and tooth structure.

PMID- 13696870
TI  - Studies on the effect of papain on growing bone.

PMID- 13696871
TI  - Studies on epiphysial cartilage in osteolathyrism.

PMID- 13696872
TI  - [How is the responsibility of the surgeon to be really determined and defined in
      relation to responsibility of the anesthetist in surgical operations? (Expert
      testimony)].

PMID- 13696873
TI  - [To what degree is it really the responsibility of the surgeon to determine and
      define the responsibility of the anesthetist in operative surgery?].

PMID- 13696874
TI  - Radiotelemetry of physiological responses in the laboratory animal.

PMID- 13696875
TI  - Purification and properties of beef heart muscle "cytoplasmic" malic
      dehydrogenase.

PMID- 13696876
TI  - Stereochemical relationships in the tricarboxylic acid cycle: mechanism of
      reactions involving reversible formation of carbon-carbon unsaturations.

PMID- 13696877
TI  - [Statistical data on malignant tumors in patients hospitalized in the Ospedale
      Civile of Udine in 1957].

PMID- 13696878
TI  - [Diaphragmatic hernia of the Morgagni-Larrey type].

PMID- 13696879
TI  - [Gastric ganglioneuroma].

PMID- 13696880
TI  - [Trial of clinical classification of malignant tumors of the breast according to
      the tumor-nodulemetastasis system].

PMID- 13696881
TI  - Diagnosis and operative treatment of coarctation of the aorta.

PMID- 13696882
TI  - Congenital coronary arteriovenous fistula. Diagnostic evaluation and surgical
      correction.

PMID- 13696883
TI  - Lesions of aortic integrity.

PMID- 13696884
TI  - The postpericardiotomy syndrome.

PMID- 13696885
TI  - Pulmonic steonsis: direct surgical approach.

PMID- 13696886
TI  - Diagnosis in cardiology: general considerations.

PMID- 13696887
TI  - Separation of human hemoglobins by starch-gel zone electrophoresis.

PMID- 13696888
TI  - Starch gel electrophoresis of serum proteins and urinary proteins from patients
      with multiple myeloma, macroglobulinemia, and other forms of dysproteinemia.
      Demonstration of diversity and complexity of protein alterations in 72 cases.

PMID- 13696889
TI  - Changes of social behavior in chronic schizophrenic outpatients under
      phenothiazine treatment.

PMID- 13696890
TI  - The effect of fibrinolysin on the incidence of thrombosis in small-artery
      suturing.

PMID- 13696891
TI  - Operative cholangiography.

PMID- 13696892
TI  - [A contribution to cholecystitis in childhood].

PMID- 13696893
TI  - [Critical study of the measurement of the diffusion capacity by means of the CO
      breathholding method].

PMID- 13696895
TI  - [DBI treatment of juvenile diabetes. Preliminary report].

PMID- 13696894
TI  - Enzymatic characterization of 17 L-arabinose negative mutants of Escherichia
      coli.

PMID- 13696896
TI  - Protein-bound hexoses, glucosamine and other acute phase reactants in rheumatic
      fever.

PMID- 13696897
TI  - 6-Aminopenicillanic acid in urine after oral administration of penicillins.

PMID- 13696898
TI  - Microbial resistance to penicillin as related to penicillinase or penicillin
      acylase activity.

PMID- 13696899
TI  - Studies on tetracycline-resistant Escherichia coli strains requirement for 1
      histidine.

PMID- 13696900
TI  - A comparative study of antidepressants in balanced therapy.

PMID- 13696901
TI  - Studies in the epidemiology of tinea pedis. VI. Tinea pedis in a boy's boarding
      school.

PMID- 13696902
TI  - Studies in the epidemiology of tinea pedis. VII. The circulation of infection.

PMID- 13696903
TI  - The goals of undergraduate psychiatric education at Temple University School of
      Medicine.

PMID- 13696904
TI  - Preparation of the patient for medical and surgical procedures.

PMID- 13696905
TI  - Puncture of the pouch of Douglas as a diagnostic aid in ectopic pregnancy.

PMID- 13696906
TI  - Studies of the metabolism of Mn54 in some endocrine and reproductive organs in
      the female mouse.

PMID- 13696907
TI  - Inter-individual variations in blood catalse activity.

PMID- 13696908
TI  - [The restoration of stimulus transmission and contraction power of K ion
      paralysed frog and mammalian myocardium by adrenaline. Analysis of an effect of
      adrenaline not observed until now].

PMID- 13696909
TI  - Medical physics in Sweden.

PMID- 13696910
TI  - Bacteriological studies of the non-vital pulp in cases with intact pulp cavities.

PMID- 13696911
TI  - Oxygen consumption and uptake of nitrous oxide during controlled ventilation as
      determined by a new method.

PMID- 13696912
TI  - The excretion of radioactive iodipamide (cholografin) by normal and cirrhotic
      males.

PMID- 13696913
TI  - Effect of high-intensity noise on inner ear sensory epithelia.

PMID- 13696914
TI  - The innervation of the vestibular sensory cells.

PMID- 13696915
TI  - Respiratory studies in children. VIII. Respiratory adaptation during excercise
      tolerance test with special reference to mechanical properties of the lungs in
      asthmatic and healthy children.

PMID- 13696916
TI  - Occurrence of allergic rhinitis among schoolchildren.

PMID- 13696917
TI  - [A comparison between body length and weight of Swedish newborn infants in the
      period from 1911 to 1920 and 1956 to 1957].

PMID- 13696918
TI  - Ascending infection in labour. Its effect on mother and child.

PMID- 13696919
TI  - [Some hazards of steroid treatment].

PMID- 13696920
TI  - Reapperance of menstruation and gonadotropins with treatment of secondary thyroid
      and adrenocortical failure in Sheehan's syndrome.

PMID- 13696921
TI  - Functional sphincterometry-a test for stress incontinence.

PMID- 13696922
TI  - Simultaneous recording of intravesical and intra-urethral pressure. A study on
      urethral closure in normal and stress incontinent women.

PMID- 13696923
TI  - [On control of Galba truncatula (Limnaeidae) with sodium pentachlorophenolate].

PMID- 13696924
TI  - [Open heart surgery under extracorporeal circulation associated with deep
      hypothermia].

PMID- 13696925
TI  - [Open heart surgery under extra-corporeal circulation with the aid of the Kay
      Cross oxygenator (normothermia and deep hypothermia)].

PMID- 13696926
TI  - [Experimental study of extracorporeal circulation under normothermia. I. The
      Lillehei-De Wall pump-oxygenator system].

PMID- 13696927
TI  - [Indications and results of the surgical treatment of leg ulcers of venous
      origin].

PMID- 13696928
TI  - [Human Achromobacter infections].

PMID- 13696929
TI  - [The adenoviruses. Study of 17 strains isolated at Toulouse].

PMID- 13696930
TI  - [The enterovirus strains isolated at Toulouse. The years 1958 and 1959].

PMID- 13696931
TI  - [Current problems of the identification of Pseudomonas, Achromobacter and
      analogous bacteria].

PMID- 13696932
TI  - [Epidemic of influenza A2 in the south-west (Toulouse)].

PMID- 13696933
TI  - [Apropos of a case of congenital bone fragility].

PMID- 13696934
TI  - Decalcification and staining of ground thin-sections of bone.

PMID- 13696935
TI  - Control of arginine biosynthesis in strains of Escherichia coli not repressible
      by arginine.

PMID- 13696936
TI  - Dissociation of ribonucleic acid and protein synthesis in bacteria deprived of
      potassium.

PMID- 13696937
TI  - [Modification of cavernotomy].

PMID- 13696938
TI  - [Hodgkin's disease of the upper respiratory and digestive tracts. Possible portal
      of entry of the causal agent of malignant lymphogranuloma].

PMID- 13696939
TI  - [Hodgkin's disease of the upper respiratory tract. Possible portal of entry of
      the causal agent of the malignant granulomatosis].

PMID- 13696940
TI  - [Primary and secondary lymphoreticulosarcomas of the testicle].

PMID- 13696942
TI  - Nature of the transmission of energy in the retinal receptors.

PMID- 13696941
TI  - [The primary and secondary lymphoreticulosarcomas of the testis].

PMID- 13696943
TI  - Visualization of wave-guide modes in retinal receptors.

PMID- 13696944
TI  - Wave-guide modes in retinal receptors.
AB  - Retinal receptor wave-guide modal patterns have been photographed. The inner and
      outer segments of the rod and cone receptors of albino rats, rhesus macaque
      monkeys, and human beings have been studied. The wave-guide modal pattern is
      believed to be the normal form of energy transfer in these parts of the retinal
      receptors in these species.

PMID- 13696945
TI  - Waveguide modes: are they present, and what is their possible role in the visual
      mechanism?

PMID- 13696946
TI  - A controlled trial of haloperidol in chronic schizophrenics.

PMID- 13696947
TI  - Influence of pregnancy on visual fields in suprasellar tumors.

PMID- 13696948
TI  - Vitamin B12 deficiency affecting the optic nerve.

PMID- 13696949
TI  - A method for investigation of ocular dominance based on optokinetic nystagmus.

PMID- 13696950
TI  - Emotional adjustment of mentally retarded children.

PMID- 13696951
TI  - An unusual small arms simulator in a rocket propellant accident.

PMID- 13696952
TI  - T-3 Red cell uptake for routine thyroid screening in a community hospital.

PMID- 13696953
TI  - Effect of hypothermia on experimental pancreatitis.

PMID- 13696954
TI  - [Clinical considerations on gastric polypi].

PMID- 13696955
TI  - [Androgen treatment of inoperable, acute, metastatic and recurring breast
      carcinoma in pregnancy or lactation].

PMID- 13696956
TI  - [Early diagnosis of gastric cancer].

PMID- 13696957
TI  - [Gastric chlorine].

PMID- 13696958
TI  - Measurement of diastolic blood pressure by palpation.

PMID- 13696959
TI  - [Study of the serums of atherosclerotic subjects by the Tiselius electrophoretic
      method on acetolyzed cellulose column].

PMID- 13696960
TI  - [Research on the nature of "phytagglutinins" from the chemical, immunochemical
      and plant physiological viewpoints. II. Comparative electrophoretic studies of
      several plant objects and purification of some blood group specific
      preparations].

PMID- 13696961
TI  - Anticoagulants in coronary disease.

PMID- 13696962
TI  - Renal erythrocytosis.

PMID- 13696963
TI  - Suppurative cholangitis--report of a case treated with corticosteroids.

PMID- 13696964
TI  - [On the permanent ambulant medicinal therapy of patients with remittent
      schizophrenia. Report I. Setting of the objective and methodological bases].

PMID- 13696965
TI  - Liposarcoma. A clinical and pathological study of 53 cases.

PMID- 13696966
TI  - Estimated morbidity in the United States based on monthly labor force report.

PMID- 13696967
TI  - Causes of death responsible for recent increases in sex mortality differentials
      in the United States.

PMID- 13696968
TI  - Work loss due to illness in selected occupations and industries.

PMID- 13696969
TI  - [Pseudohypoparathyroidism].

PMID- 13696970
TI  - Blood lipids in psoriasis. The effects of "Lipostabil".

PMID- 13696971
TI  - [Synapses in the visual cortex].

PMID- 13696972
TI  - Nucleoside mono-and diphosphate kinases of Ascaris lumbricoides.

PMID- 13696973
TI  - Relation of pH to preservative effectiveness. I.

PMID- 13696975
TI  - [ECG examination in pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13696974
TI  - [Influence of the nature of the chains on the rate of their hydrolysis by
      pancreatic lipase].

PMID- 13696976
TI  - [Rehabilitation as carried out in the National Institute for Tuberculosis
      "Koranyl"].

PMID- 13696977
TI  - Complete retention of urine due to leukemic infiltration of the prostate: case
      report.

PMID- 13696978
TI  - [On changes in the excitability of the olfactory analyzer during the action of
      various industrial chemical substances].

PMID- 13696979
TI  - [Evaluation of arteriography of the lower extremity without a seriograph].

PMID- 13696980
TI  - Tuberculosis to-day.

PMID- 13696981
TI  - Genetic analysis, by means of transformation, of histidine linkage groups in
      Bacillus subtilis.

PMID- 13696982
TI  - [The status of the transforming DNA during the 1st phases of bacterial
      transformation].

PMID- 13696983
TI  - [Benign intrapelvic tumors as an etiological factor in perineal hernias].

PMID- 13696984
TI  - [Analysis of action of repeated estrone injections on the mitotic activity of the
      uterine epithelium in mice].

PMID- 13696985
TI  - [On the antibody picture of man in normal and complicated course of smallpox
      vaccination].

PMID- 13696986
TI  - Measurement of bone marrow and gonadal dose from the chest x-ray examination as a
      function of field size, field alignment, tube kilovoltage and added filtration.

PMID- 13696987
TI  - Hypertension cured by restoration of adequate circulation to a kidney.

PMID- 13696988
TI  - [Heart massage for the resuscitation of the newborn].

PMID- 13696989
TI  - Our responsibilities to children and youth.

PMID- 13696990
TI  - [Nuclear sex].

PMID- 13696991
TI  - Hereditary ectodermal dysplasia. Report of the anhidrotic type in two Negro
      children.

PMID- 13696992
TI  - Tranquilizers as a source of intoxication in children.

PMID- 13696993
TI  - Nitrate in the diet of pregnant ewes.

PMID- 13696994
TI  - [On effectiveness of medical aid and dispensary treatment of patients with cancer
      of the stomach and "precancerous" diseases].

PMID- 13696995
TI  - [On the treatment of stenocardia with anticoagulants].

PMID- 13696997
TI  - [A method for electrochemical registration of oxygen metabolism in animal
      tissues].

PMID- 13696996
TI  - [Clinical course of type C influenza in adults].

PMID- 13696998
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of meat inspection methods according to standards GOST-72
      69-54 and OST of the People's Commissariat of Meat and Dairy Industry-36].

PMID- 13696999
TI  - [Theoretical principles of dysenterial immunity].

PMID- 13697000
TI  - Reciprocal changes in feeding behavior produced by intrahypothalamic chemical
      injections.

PMID- 13697001
TI  - Medical and educational problems of the brain-injured child.

PMID- 13697002
TI  - [Our experience with the problem of child care in the 2d district in Prague].

PMID- 13697004
TI  - Radiographic demonstration of the vomer.

PMID- 13697003
TI  - A device to facilitate the introduction of a catheter into the trachea for
      passive bronchography.

PMID- 13697005
TI  - Radiographic identification of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita in utero.

PMID- 13697006
TI  - Roentgenologic identification of a left cerebellar hemangioblastoma by means of
      right carotid angiography.

PMID- 13697007
TI  - Intergroup relations in occupational health nursing.

PMID- 13697008
TI  - Evaluation of sodium chloride ointments in the treatment of ichthyosis vulgaris.

PMID- 13697009
TI  - Observer interpretation of electrocardiograms, Suggestions for objective
      interpretations.

PMID- 13697011
TI  - An epidemiological study in a total community: the Tecumseh project.

PMID- 13697010
TI  - Cerebral hyponatremia.

PMID- 13697012
TI  - Hypercalcemia and renal function.

PMID- 13697013
TI  - Classification in endodontics.

PMID- 13697014
TI  - Relation of plasma levels of cycloserine to oral dosage and clinical response in
      pulmonary tuberculosis.

PMID- 13697015
TI  - The rehabilitation of chronic, drug resistant cases of tuberculosis with
      cycloserine, and successful treatment of virgin cases.

PMID- 13697016
TI  - Diagnosis and results of therapy of ovarian tunica fibrosa with cystic changes.

PMID- 13697017
TI  - The effect of ultraviolet light on chemical carcinogenesis.

PMID- 13697018
TI  - The fine structure and composition of type 5 adenovirus; an integrated electron
      microscopical and cytochemical study.

PMID- 13697019
TI  - Site and nature of adenovirus nucleic acid.

PMID- 13697020
TI  - The isolation of type 5 adenovirus using a fluorocarbon; combined morphological
      and biological studies.

PMID- 13697021
TI  - Some unusual features of fine structure observed in HeLa cells.
AB  - HeLa cells from conventional culture media have been studied in thin sections
      with the electron microscope; in many cases cells were examined in sets of
      sections cut in series. The fine structure of the cells is described including
      three unusual features not hitherto reported. It has been found that numerous
      cells contained rows of parallel smooth surfaced cisternae spaced about 150
      mmicro apart and communicating with rough surfaced elements of the endoplasmic
      reticulum. These cisternae resembled "annulate lamellae" but did not contain
      regular arrays of pores. In many cells an area of juxtanuclear cytoplasm was
      occupied by a membranous structure composed of closely applied pairs of narrow
      cisternae either arranged in concentric rings or else extending in several
      directions in a haphazard manner. Sparse particles were present on the outer
      membranes of each pair of cisternae. Communications between the double cisternae
      and other membrane-bounded structures were not observed. A small number of cells
      contained areas of cytoplasm devoid of organelles and filled with amorphous fuzzy
      material. The observations recorded are discussed.

PMID- 13697022
TI  - Circulatory changes following rapid correction of severe hypercapnic acidosis by
      2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol.

PMID- 13697024
TI  - Occupational dermatoses among farmers.

PMID- 13697023
TI  - The effect of hypercapnia on estimated hepatic blood flow, circulating splanchnic
      blood volume, and hepatic sulfobromophthalein clearance during general anesthesia
      in man.

PMID- 13697025
TI  - Acute glomerulonephritis in an adult with longstanding diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 13697026
TI  - Inhibition of enzymic hydrolysis of plasma albumin by detergents.

PMID- 13697027
TI  - Choriocarcinoma: current concept of laboratory diagnosis and therpay and report
      of a case.

PMID- 13697028
TI  - Effect of some benzimidazoles on a vitamin B12-requiring alga.

PMID- 13697029
TI  - Recency as a function of perceptual oscillation.

PMID- 13697030
TI  - The influence of syntactical structure of learning.

PMID- 13697031
TI  - The known-size-apparent-distance hypothesis.

PMID- 13697032
TI  - Uveitis and connective tissue disease.

PMID- 13697033
TI  - Measurement of cutaneous anti-inflammatory activity of ACTH and corticosteroids
      in man.

PMID- 13697034
TI  - Griseofulvin potentiation of colchicine toxicity.

PMID- 13697035
TI  - An antigen in lesions of Moluscum contagiosum.

PMID- 13697036
TI  - A histamine analogue that does not cause itching.

PMID- 13697037
TI  - [Intestinal invagination in 3 rings due to polyposis of the small intestine].

PMID- 13697038
TI  - Electron microscopic observations on the adrenal medulla of the rat.

PMID- 13697039
TI  - Distribution and concentration of adrenaline and noradrenaline in the adrenal
      medulla of the rat following depletion induced by muscular work.

PMID- 13697040
TI  - Long-term effects of muscular work on the adrenal medulla of the mouse.

PMID- 13697042
TI  - In vivo inhibition of histo-chemically demonstrable amine oxidase in the retina
      of the mouse.

PMID- 13697041
TI  - Distribution and concentration of adrenaline and noradrenaline in the adrenal
      medulla of the rat following reserpine-induced depletion.

PMID- 13697043
TI  - Roentgen and clinical diagnosis of glomus jugulare tumors. Four cases and a new
      radiographic technic.

PMID- 13697044
TI  - [Electrophoresis studies of lipoproteins with the Swahn method and description of
      a method for absolute evaluation of the lipidogram].

PMID- 13697045
TI  - [Confirmation of the validity of vaccination with BCG by means of observation of
      the immuni-biological behavior of the vaccinated subject].

PMID- 13697046
TI  - [Current status of antituberculosis vaccination].

PMID- 13697047
TI  - [On a rare case of symmetrical necrosis of the distal extremities. Treatment with
      a new derivative of deproteinized blood].

PMID- 13697048
TI  - Groenblad-Strandberg syndrome. Report of two cases in which macular degeneration
      occurred before angioid streaks.

PMID- 13697049
TI  - Intraocular lymphosarcoma. Report of a case showing extraocular extension along
      the perforating scleral canals.

PMID- 13697050
TI  - Peritoneal graft in extremely retracted conjunctival sac.

PMID- 13697051
TI  - Plastic repair of eyelid margin.

PMID- 13697052
TI  - [On the preparation and testing of suppositories. 1. Theoretical considerations].

PMID- 13697053
TI  - [Renal complications of hyperparathyroidism].

PMID- 13697054
TI  - [Involvement of nervous system and musculature in the "collagen diseases"].

PMID- 13697055
TI  - [Lymphography of the uterus in pregnancy and in gynecological diseases].

PMID- 13697056
TI  - [Pararenal hydatid cysts].

PMID- 13697057
TI  - [Urogenital fistulas].

PMID- 13697058
TI  - Biological activities of some steroid ethers: methyltestosterone enol ethers.

PMID- 13697060
TI  - [Accomplishments and objectives of preventive care].

PMID- 13697059
TI  - [On the biological activity of enolic esters of testosterone and
      methyltesterone].

PMID- 13697061
TI  - Chemotherapeutic studies on cutaneous leishmaniosis.

PMID- 13697062
TI  - [Experimental data on the pathogenesis of shock kidneys. I. Renal changes after
      the administration of heterogenous proteins].

PMID- 13697063
TI  - [Experimental data on the pathogenesis of shock kidneys. II. Glomerular changes
      under the influence of renal homogenates and streptococci].

PMID- 13697064
TI  - [Experimental data on the pathogenesis of shock kidneys. III. Glomerular lesions
      after the administration of homologous muscle extracts].

PMID- 13697065
TI  - [Experimental studies on the pathogenesis of shock kidney. III. Tubular injury
      induced with homologous muscle extract].

PMID- 13697066
TI  - [An unusual case of severe cancer of the larynx treated with x-ray therapy].

PMID- 13697067
TI  - The surgical treatment of saddle nose.

PMID- 13697068
TI  - [Diced cartilage in plastic surgery].

PMID- 13697069
TI  - Analyses of the differential radiosensitivity of developing reproductive tissues
      in Habrobracon juglandis (Ashmead) to ionizing radiation.

PMID- 13697070
TI  - Studies on the irradiation of microorganisms in relation to food preservation. I.
      The comparative sensitivities of specific bacteria of public health significance.

PMID- 13697071
TI  - Studies on the irradiation of microorganisms in relation to food preservation.
      II. Irradiation resistant mutants.

PMID- 13697072
TI  - [On the use of aminazin in dermatological practice].

PMID- 13697073
TI  - Comparative work stress for above-knee amputees using artificial legs or
      crutches.

PMID- 13697074
TI  - [Public enlightenment on cancer as a means of prophylaxis].

PMID- 13697075
TI  - [Amino nitrogen balance in amino-fusin therapy of severe acute nutrition
      disorders in infants].

PMID- 13697076
TI  - [Allergy problems in childhood].

PMID- 13697077
TI  - [Listeriosis in childhood].

PMID- 13697078
TI  - [On the kidney tolerance of parenterally administered sorbitol solutions].

PMID- 13697079
TI  - [Should an allergic child be vaccinated?].

PMID- 13697080
TI  - [Vaccination allergy].

PMID- 13697081
TI  - [Vaccination allergy].

PMID- 13697082
TI  - [Metastasizing lymphosarcoma of the thymus gland].

PMID- 13697083
TI  - [On novocamide therapy of ventricular flutter].

PMID- 13697084
TI  - Hydrolysis of paraoxon in mammalian blood.

PMID- 13697085
TI  - Arylesterases in blood: effect of calcium and inhibitors.

PMID- 13697086
TI  - Esterases in fireflies and their inhibition.

PMID- 13697087
TI  - [Recent studies on the immunization of infants].

PMID- 13697088
TI  - [Trauma-induced lethal recurrence of a case of meningeal tuberculosis healed for
      5 years].

PMID- 13697089
TI  - [Keratoacanthoma. Differential diagnostic considerations on its clinical aspects
      and histopathology].

PMID- 13697090
TI  - [Progeria syndrome in 2 brothers].

PMID- 13697091
TI  - [Immediate results of combined hormone and salicylate therapy of acute rheumatic
      disease in children].

PMID- 13697092
TI  - [Experimental research on the relations between x-ray and nucleic acids and on
      the influence of x-rays and of homologous homogenates of organs of irradiated
      animals and on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and morphology].

PMID- 13697093
TI  - [Oxidative phosphorylation in the liver and kidney of rats treated with fractions
      of homologous organ homogenates of irradiated animals].

PMID- 13697094
TI  - [Effects of lipopolysaccharide of Salmonella abortus equi and of its association
      with ATP on chondrioma of the kidney and liver of the rat and of the kidney of
      the rabbit].

PMID- 13697095
TI  - [Oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria of the regenerating livers of rats
      treated with homologous homogenates of tumors and organs from tumor bearers].

PMID- 13697097
TI  - [Constrictive pericarditis and the Kirby incision].

PMID- 13697096
TI  - [Ligation of the celiac artery in portal hypertension].

PMID- 13697098
TI  - [Analysis of the mechanism of mitogenic irradiation f the liver in mice with
      implanted cancerous tumors].

PMID- 13697099
TI  - [Clinical aspects and differential diagnosis of smallpox. (On data on an outbreak
      of transmitted smallpox in Moscow in January, 1960].

PMID- 13697100
TI  - [The content of iodine in food products and the pattern of nutrition in one of
      the nidi of endemic goiter].

PMID- 13697102
TI  - [The ability of sarcoma cells to form fibrils].

PMID- 13697101
TI  - [The effect of fat on the state of the thyroid gland of animals in conditions of
      different iodine supply].

PMID- 13697103
TI  - [Acute infectious lymphocytosis. Report of 11 cases].

PMID- 13697104
TI  - [A personally designed localizer facilitating radiological examination on fixed
      Bucky tables].

PMID- 13697105
TI  - [A case of systemic lupus erythematosus manifesting auto-immune hemolytic
      anemia].

PMID- 13697106
TI  - [Isorhythmic dissociation].

PMID- 13697107
TI  - [Clinical diagnosis of malignant tumor of the heart].

PMID- 13697108
TI  - [Cystography by double separate administration of contrast medium].

PMID- 13697109
TI  - Use of pedicle flaps of skin for closure of perianal and sacral defects.

PMID- 13697110
TI  - Treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa.

PMID- 13697111
TI  - Cosmetic repair for retruion of the mandible.

PMID- 13697112
TI  - Reconstruction for loss of an eyebrow.

PMID- 13697113
TI  - Rhytidoplasty (face-lift) for wrinkles and redundant skin about cheeks and neck.

PMID- 13697114
TI  - Surgical elimination of wrinkles, redundant skin and pouches about the eyelids.

PMID- 13697115
TI  - Surgical treatment of rhinophyma.

PMID- 13697116
TI  - Total avulsion of scalp.

PMID- 13697117
TI  - [On the clinical picture of retroperitoneal tumors].

PMID- 13697118
TI  - Experiences with the cultivation of different bovine cells and their use in the
      study of oestrogen metabolism in vitro.

PMID- 13697119
TI  - Vaccinia gangrenosa. Report of a case and review of the literature.

PMID- 13697120
TI  - [Preliminary report on the epidemiological vigilance in a large-scale field study
      with orally administered antipoliomyelitis vaccine].

PMID- 13697121
TI  - Vasopressor effect of indigo carmine. A preliminary report.

PMID- 13697122
TI  - Recent advances in anesthesiology.

PMID- 13697124
TI  - An effective and simplified method for cardiac resuscitation.

PMID- 13697123
TI  - Coenzyme Q. XX. Isolation of coenzymes Q9 and Q10 from two Basidiomycetes.

PMID- 13697125
TI  - Clinical use of lactic dehydrogenase.

PMID- 13697126
TI  - Clinical use of lactic dehydrogenase.

PMID- 13697127
TI  - Lactic dehydrogenase activity of effusion fluids as an aid to differential
      diagnosis.

PMID- 13697128
TI  - Ox cell hemolysin and sheep cell agglutinin in mononucleosis infectionsa.

PMID- 13697129
TI  - Electro-oculographic studies during treatment for retinal detachment.

PMID- 13697130
TI  - [The future use of vegetable proteins].

PMID- 13697131
TI  - A criticism of the carcass analysis procedure for the determination of amino acid
      requirements.

PMID- 13697132
TI  - The paper disc method for determination of bacterial sensitivity to antibiotics.
      Relationship between the diameter of the zone of inhibition and the minimum
      inhibitory concentration.

PMID- 13697134
TI  - Rational use of antibiotics.

PMID- 13697133
TI  - Assay of antibiotics in small amounts of fluid.

PMID- 13697135
TI  - The paper disc method for determination of bacterial sensitivity to antibiotics.
      Studies on the accuracy of the technique.

PMID- 13697136
TI  - Malignant thymoma with metastases. A report of three cases, two with myasthenia
      gravis.

PMID- 13697137
TI  - [Obstructions to flow in the lower urinary tract of children. Short clinical
      review].

PMID- 13697138
TI  - Double labelling of sodium monofluorophosphate with P32 and F18.

PMID- 13697140
TI  - [Caries prevention].

PMID- 13697139
TI  - Fluorides in dentifrices. Investigations using radioactive fluorine.

PMID- 13697141
TI  - Cytological effects of an antagonist of vitamin B12.

PMID- 13697142
TI  - Discrimination and learning without awareness: a methodological survey and
      evaluation.

PMID- 13697143
TI  - [Meig's syndrome caused by a granulosa cell tumor].

PMID- 13697144
TI  - [Postmenopausal metrorrhagia caused by granulosa cell tumors].

PMID- 13697145
TI  - Immunochemical studies on some serological cross-reactions in the Klebsiella
      group. 4. Immunisation of mice with purified capsular polysaccharide.

PMID- 13697146
TI  - [Erythromycin-resistant Staphylococci. Incidence and mode of development].

PMID- 13697147
TI  - ["Celbenin"-resistant staphylococci].

PMID- 13697148
TI  - ['Synthetic" penicillin].

PMID- 13697149
TI  - Equipment and methodology for relating gastrointestinal absorption to site of
      drug release.

PMID- 13697150
TI  - Sampling of vaginal and cervical muellerian duct derivatives in the adult Rhesus
      monkey. I. Indirect assessment of ovarian function.

PMID- 13697151
TI  - Molecular radiobiology of human cell lines. I. Comparative sensitivity to x-rays
      and ultraviolet light of cells containing halogen-substituted DNA.

PMID- 13697153
TI  - [Studies of the hemorrhagic disorders on the Aland Islands in recent years].

PMID- 13697152
TI  - [Arteriography in the amputated leg].

PMID- 13697154
TI  - A case of unilateral transitory myopia in association with catarrhal fever.

PMID- 13697155
TI  - [Research on thrombopathy (von Willebrand-Juergen)].

PMID- 13697156
TI  - [A new hemophilic tribe with von Willebrand-Juergen's disease (hereditary
      thrombopathy) from Aland (Finland)].

PMID- 13697157
TI  - [Hirudoid ointment as prophylaxis for thrombophlebitis--a double-blind test].

PMID- 13697158
TI  - [Postadoxin-a new remedy for nausea and emesis gravidarum. A clinical test with
      the double-blind method].

PMID- 13697159
TI  - Direct effect of ACTH on the cell picture of the hypophysis.

PMID- 13697160
TI  - Quantitative determination of N-terminal amino acids in some serum proteins.

PMID- 13697161
TI  - The solubility of phenobarbitone. 1. The solubility of three modifications of
      phenobarbitone in water at 20 degrees C-60 degrees C, and of two modifications in
      ethanolwater mixtures at 20 degrees C.

PMID- 13697162
TI  - [The solubility of phenobarbitone. II. The effect of some salts and of sucrose on
      the solubility in water and in ethanol-water mixtures].

PMID- 13697163
TI  - Detection of pulmonary tuberculosis by sputum survey.

PMID- 13697165
TI  - [The effect of diochin in hypertension].

PMID- 13697164
TI  - [Chloracizine therapy of patients with coronary insufficiency].

PMID- 13697166
TI  - [The use of pentamine in hypertension].

PMID- 13697167
TI  - [Sensitization of the isolated guinea pig auricle to acetylcholine by cardiotonic
      glycosides].

PMID- 13697168
TI  - [The rural health officer as health educator].

PMID- 13697169
TI  - [Value and significance of public health instruction in the education of general
      practitioners].

PMID- 13697171
TI  - Caryometric and histochemical modifications in the proximal and distal tubules of
      the mouse kidney in the case of alloxan diabetes.

PMID- 13697170
TI  - [Transfusion in surgery].

PMID- 13697172
TI  - [Histological and functional modifications of lymphoreticular tissue by vitamin B
      12 in laboratory rodents].

PMID- 13697174
TI  - [Interesting data on the Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome for orthopedics].

PMID- 13697173
TI  - [On the effects of various digitalis glycosides on the contraction activity of
      myocardial explants in vitro].

PMID- 13697175
TI  - Dr. William Ledingham CHRISTIE, New Zealand's first medical graduate.

PMID- 13697176
TI  - [Hypopituitary comas].

PMID- 13697177
TI  - Interface and meniscus widths and positions for low-speed ultracentrifuge runs.

PMID- 13697178
TI  - Physical properties of flagellin from Proteus vulgaris, a study involving the
      application of the Archibald sedimentation principle.

PMID- 13697180
TI  - The pathogenesis of experimental enterococcal pyelonephritis in mice.

PMID- 13697179
TI  - Characteristics of strains of Escherichia coli associated with severe infections
      in adults.

PMID- 13697181
TI  - [Chloroquine treatment of humeroscapular periarthrosis].

PMID- 13697182
TI  - [Sjogren's syndrome and cholelithiasis: a pathogenetic relation?].

PMID- 13697183
TI  - [Ambulant treatment of obesity with lucofene and dexedrine].

PMID- 13697184
TI  - [Unusual abnormalities of the intra- and extra-hepatic bile ducts with
      cholelithiasis and primary carcinoma of the bile ducts].

PMID- 13697185
TI  - [Contribution to the social problem of leg diseases].

PMID- 13697186
TI  - [Unusual complication of a case of Meckel's diverticulum].

PMID- 13697187
TI  - [Justifications of surgical treatment associated with chemotherapy in malignant
      neoplasms].

PMID- 13697188
TI  - [Application of a nitrogen mustard derivative in splenectomized rats. Preliminary
      note].

PMID- 13697189
TI  - Bacteriologic studies and effects of anesthetic solutions on bronchial secretions
      during bronchoscopy.

PMID- 13697191
TI  - [On frontal emissaries].

PMID- 13697190
TI  - Judgments of the relative frequency of a sequential series of two events.

PMID- 13697192
TI  - Reexamination of 749 cases of childhood tuberculosis with special reference to
      prognosis.

PMID- 13697193
TI  - [Use of elastic plastmass sounds in stenosis of the lacrimal canals and of the
      nasolacrimal duct].

PMID- 13697194
TI  - [Cysticercosis in children].

PMID- 13697195
TI  - [Certification of the physician-an important problem of the state].

PMID- 13697197
TI  - [Morphogenesis of leukemic cells in the focus of transplantable leukemia in
      mice].

PMID- 13697196
TI  - [Adenomatosis of the lungs].

PMID- 13697198
TI  - [Blood loss replacement with heparinized blood containing protamine-sulfate,
      citrate blood and crystalloid solutions].

PMID- 13697199
TI  - [The effect of various injurious factors on the development of the fetal heart].

PMID- 13697200
TI  - [Morphological and histochemical changes after the immunization of guinea pigs
      with a Cl. oedematiens anatoxin].

PMID- 13697201
TI  - Endemic goiter in the Uele region. II. Synthesis and secretion of thyroid
      hormones.

PMID- 13697202
TI  - [Influence of perchlorate and methimazole on the urinary excretion of iodine in
      man].

PMID- 13697204
TI  - [Observations on the intellectual capacity of a group of aged between 60 and 90
      years old].

PMID- 13697203
TI  - [Statistical incidence and positions of calcified residues, schermographically
      determined, in 6,000 subjects in the second 5-year period of life. (Introductory
      note)].

PMID- 13697205
TI  - [Clinical and psychopathological observations in a case of Albright's syndrome].

PMID- 13697206
TI  - [Correlations between cerebral bioelectric activity and intellectual efficiency
      in a group of elderly persons].

PMID- 13697207
TI  - [The 1938 Progressive Matrices test. Particularized analysis of component items].

PMID- 13697208
TI  - [Dynamics of facial expressions and associated movements of the head in psychoses
      and neuroses].

PMID- 13697210
TI  - [Injuries due to noise and the control of noise. Experiences with 2415 workers in
      noisy areas of the Deutsche Bundesbahn].

PMID- 13697209
TI  - [Considerations on the possibilities and limitations of the association of
      antiblastic drugs and actinotherapy in neoplasms of the female genital system].

PMID- 13697211
TI  - [On the study of vitamin B 12 metabolism in climatic conditions of Central Asia].

PMID- 13697212
TI  - [An antiviral preparation interferon].

PMID- 13697213
TI  - [Role of the involutional forms of bacteria in evaluation of their sensitivity to
      antibiotics].

PMID- 13697214
TI  - [Results of experimental studies on dihydrostreptomycin paraaminosalicylate].

PMID- 13697215
TI  - [Use of ionizing radiations for drug sterilization. I. Review of the literature].

PMID- 13697216
TI  - [On stimulation of non-specific immunity by some bacterial polysaccharides].

PMID- 13697217
TI  - [Cline in association with other antibiotics in acute radiation sickness in
      mice].

PMID- 13697218
TI  - [Biological activity of some polysaccharides of microbial origin].

PMID- 13697219
TI  - [Amateur talent activities in sanitary education].

PMID- 13697221
TI  - [Avulsion of the main bronchus in blunt trauma of the thorax].

PMID- 13697220
TI  - [Electrocardiography in otorhinolaryngology].

PMID- 13697222
TI  - [Experience with the conduction of a continuous rat control campaign in a large
      city].

PMID- 13697224
TI  - [The effect of thyrotropic hormone on milk productivity in goats].

PMID- 13697223
TI  - [Content of nucleic acids in cell components of the mucous membranes of the small
      intestine after gamma-irradiation].

PMID- 13697225
TI  - [Luminescent microscopy of the cerebrospinal fluid as a method for early
      laboratory diagnosis in tuberculous meningitis].

PMID- 13697226
TI  - [On modification of the color of the luminescence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis].

PMID- 13697227
TI  - [On the problem of the diagnosis of malignant neoplasms of the thyroid gland].

PMID- 13697228
TI  - [Pharmacy 1960].

PMID- 13697229
TI  - [Pharmacy in 1960. II. The various functions of the pharmacy and the support of
      institutions and local developments by it].

PMID- 13697230
TI  - [Pharmacy in 1960. III].

PMID- 13697231
TI  - [Pharmacy in 1960].

PMID- 13697232
TI  - [Mortality of cardiac patients in labor].

PMID- 13697233
TI  - Response strength as a function of changed intertrial interval.

PMID- 13697234
TI  - [A case of Cushing's disease treated by bilateral subtotal adrenalectomy].

PMID- 13697235
TI  - [The medical organization of the Hopital geriatrique du Valdor at Liege].

PMID- 13697236
TI  - [The medical organization of the geriatric hospital of Valdor at Liege].

PMID- 13697237
TI  - [Incompetence of the uterine cervix as a cause of infertility].

PMID- 13697238
TI  - Vascular malformation overlying the pulmonary artery simuating a patent ductus
      arteriosus.

PMID- 13697239
TI  - New biology.

PMID- 13697240
TI  - Radium pelvic measurements for treatment of carcinoma of the cervix and corpus
      uteri with an expanding type of applicator.

PMID- 13697241
TI  - Preliminary clinical report on trichlormethiazide in premenstrual tension.

PMID- 13697242
TI  - Treat edema, hypertension with trichlormethiazide. Preliminary report on 67
      patients.

PMID- 13697244
TI  - [Thyroid cancer: scintigraphic demonstration of remote metastases in negative
      roentgen findings].

PMID- 13697245
TI  - [Psychosomatic aspect of pelvic pain sine materia].

PMID- 13697243
TI  - Trichlormethiazide-reserpine combination in hypertension.

PMID- 13697246
TI  - Susceptibility of cats to phenol.

PMID- 13697247
TI  - Cardiac output studies in dogs with normal right ventricle and enlarged right
      ventricular outflow tract with or without pulmonary insufficiency.

PMID- 13697248
TI  - [Spontaneous chyle fistula of the female genitals].

PMID- 13697249
TI  - [Acute benign pericarditis].

PMID- 13697250
TI  - The fate of intracisternally injected tracer phosphate in the rabbit, normally
      and as influenced by sulphydryl reagents. A kinetic approach to the mechanism of
      the blood-brain barrier.

PMID- 13697251
TI  - Mechanical and electrical phenomena of the heart action.

PMID- 13697252
TI  - The influence of thyroxin on blood lymphocytes. A quantitative study of the
      mitochondrial contents of blood lymphocytes in guinea pigs.

PMID- 13697253
TI  - [Hydrocortisone local depot therapy of rhinoallergy].

PMID- 13697254
TI  - [On local hydrocortisone depot therapy of rhinoallergies].

PMID- 13697255
TI  - [Lumescence spectra of photoreduced forms of chlorophyll and its derivatives and
      analogues].

PMID- 13697256
TI  - [Significance of lesions of the stellate ganglion in early diagnosis of
      Pancoast's tumor].

PMID- 13697257
TI  - [Use of ultraviolet rays in the selection of strains producing streptomycin].

PMID- 13697259
TI  - [On the preservation of specific antigens in human sarcoma cells after a
      prolonged cultivation].

PMID- 13697258
TI  - Comparison of data obtained from mothers and fathers on child-rearing practices
      and their relation to child aggression.

PMID- 13697261
TI  - [Desoxyribonucleic acid deficiencies and cell metabolism].

PMID- 13697260
TI  - [On vascular and parenchymal changes in the brain in embolism in animal
      experiment].

PMID- 13697262
TI  - The role of the nucleolus in ribonucleic acid- and protein synthesis. II. Amino
      acid incorporation into normal and nucleolar inactivated HeLa cells.

PMID- 13697263
TI  - [Apropos of 8 cases of Lutembacher syndrome in persons over 40].

PMID- 13697264
TI  - [Fallot's tetralogy (Apropos of 2 cases of tetralogy of Fallot in elderly
      persons)].

PMID- 13697265
TI  - [Interauricular septal defects: apropos of 26 interauricular defects in persons
      over 40].

PMID- 13697266
TI  - Bioflavonoids and survival time of mice exposed to multiple sublethal doses of x
      irradiation.

PMID- 13697267
TI  - Deleterious effects of high fat diets on survival time of X-irradiated mice.

PMID- 13697268
TI  - Effects of low-fat diets on survival time of mice exposed to multiple sublethal
      doses of total-body x-irradiation.

PMID- 13697269
TI  - Effects of source of dietary carbohydrate on survival time of sublethally x
      irradiated mice.

PMID- 13697271
TI  - [The course of tuberculosis in alcoholism].

PMID- 13697270
TI  - [On osteoplastic pneumopathy].

PMID- 13697272
TI  - [Use of procuran in anesthesia].

PMID- 13697273
TI  - [On some features of intravenous steroid anesthesia].

PMID- 13697274
TI  - Measurement and surface features of the cranial fossae in closed skulls.

PMID- 13697275
TI  - Research on teaching methods. Its significance for the curriculum.

PMID- 13697276
TI  - Macrophotographic illustration by transparencies in modified registered
      combination in the medical and biological museum.

PMID- 13697277
TI  - Micromanipulation in control and handling of Zygiella x-notata as an experimental
      animal.
AB  - The spider Zygiella x-notata may be brought under direct control analagous to
      that of the common laboratory animals for an important group of experimental
      investigations on the nerve, muscle, or secretion of digestive glands. Without
      anesthetics, chilling, or damage the animal can be fixed for prolonged periods
      and microinstruments (which include feeding pipettes), positioned by a standard
      micromanipulator.

PMID- 13697278
TI  - [On structural changes and resistance to micromanipulation of living spermatozoa
      in relation to immobilization].

PMID- 13697279
TI  - [The results of 10 years of experimental research on the anatomical preservative
      solutions for the prevention of the drving out of tissues and fungus infections].

PMID- 13697280
TI  - Rupture of aortic homografts into the small intestine: report of two cases
      successfully treated by resection of the perforated homograft and regrafting of
      the defect.

PMID- 13697281
TI  - Furaltadone in general practice.

PMID- 13697283
TI  - The effect of environment on proliferation and maturation of nucleated red cells.

PMID- 13697282
TI  - The influence of environment on iron incorporation and mitotic division in a
      suspension of normal bone marrow.

PMID- 13697284
TI  - A note on the oxidative deamination of isomers of 5-hydroxytryptamine and other
      indolealkylamines.

PMID- 13697285
TI  - Pharmacological actions of 4-hydroxytryptamine and 4-hydroxytryptophan.

PMID- 13697286
TI  - The fate of 4-hydroxytryptophan in the rat organism.

PMID- 13697287
TI  - The fate of 5-hydroxy-N-acetyltryptophan and 5-acetoxy-N-acetyltryptophan in the
      rat organism.

PMID- 13697288
TI  - In vitro decarboxylation of tryptophans by mammalian decarboxylase.

PMID- 13697289
TI  - Observations on the fate of oral 4-hydroxytryptophan in man.

PMID- 13697290
TI  - [Effect of cortisone, desoxycorticosterone, largactil and phenergan on the course
      and outcome of pneumococcal infections].

PMID- 13697291
TI  - [The history of prostatectomy in Russia].

PMID- 13697293
TI  - Carbonic anhydrase and the inner ear.

PMID- 13697292
TI  - Single-unit activity in the lateral geniculate body of the cat.

PMID- 13697294
TI  - Stereotactic thalamotomy in the human. Part II. Physiologic observations on the
      human thalamus.

PMID- 13697295
TI  - The development of meaning in children's descriptive terms.

PMID- 13697296
TI  - Changes with age in the verbal determinants of word association.

PMID- 13697297
TI  - Experimental procedures of children.

PMID- 13697298
TI  - Learning and recall in bilinguals.

PMID- 13697299
TI  - Semantic shift in bilingualism.

PMID- 13697300
TI  - Studies on the nutrition of Phytophthora cryptogea.

PMID- 13697302
TI  - Adapting dietary facilities to progressive patient care.

PMID- 13697301
TI  - Etiology of muscular dystrophy in the lamb and chick.

PMID- 13697303
TI  - [The effect of the system of gamma neurons on the electrical activity of muscle
      spindles in local tetanus in cats].

PMID- 13697305
TI  - [On the problem of the efferent regulation of receptors (according to an example
      of lingual chemoreceptors)].

PMID- 13697304
TI  - [On the metabolic nature of automatic function of nerve cells (according to an
      example of the spinal center of the lymph heart)].

PMID- 13697306
TI  - [Treatment of the diabetes of patients of pulmonary tuberculosis with
      chloropropamide].

PMID- 13697307
TI  - [EEG in 3 cases of myasthenia].

PMID- 13697309
TI  - [Vaccination against poliomyelitis].

PMID- 13697308
TI  - [Photo-megimide technic of activation in EEG].

PMID- 13697310
TI  - [Fundamentals of clinical diagnosis in dermatology].

PMID- 13697311
TI  - [Dimethoxysulfanil-amidodiazine in the treatment of various cutaneous disorders].

PMID- 13697312
TI  - [Dermatological complications of diabetes].

PMID- 13697313
TI  - Prediction of schoolage intelligence from infant tests.

PMID- 13697314
TI  - Long-term effects of human growth hormone (Li) in a pituitary dwarf.

PMID- 13697315
TI  - [Mental health in early childhood].

PMID- 13697316
TI  - [Staphylococcal pneumopathies in children].

PMID- 13697317
TI  - [Continuation of the medical education of the recent graduate. Specialists].

PMID- 13697318
TI  - [Contribution to the surgery of dislocation of the crystalline lens. New
      technic].

PMID- 13697319
TI  - [Comparative research on diuretics in the treatment of cardiac decompensation].

PMID- 13697320
TI  - [On the effect of guanethidine on the blood pressure and diuresis].

PMID- 13697321
TI  - [On the angiography of the adrenal gland].

PMID- 13697322
TI  - [3 new cases of the pseudo-tumoral form of secondary broncho-pulmonary
      aspergillosis].

PMID- 13697323
TI  - [Apropos of a case of tracheobronchial resection for a cylindroma].

PMID- 13697324
TI  - [Considerations on the treatment of phlebitis in gynecology and obstetrics].

PMID- 13697325
TI  - [Observations on the genesis and clinic aspects of carcinoma of the cervix uteri.
      II].

PMID- 13697326
TI  - [On the induction of increased atypical cervical epithelium after injection of a
      cell-free filtrate from homogenous tissue and its connective tissue matrix.
      (Preliminary report)].

PMID- 13697327
TI  - [Abnormal healing of electrocoagulated ectopic tissue of the portio vaginalis
      uteri under the influence of follicle hormone].

PMID- 13697328
TI  - [Questions on the pathogenesis and clinical aspects of cervical cancer].

PMID- 13697329
TI  - [A simple titrimetric method for determination of bicarbonate concentrations in
      human plasma].

PMID- 13697330
TI  - [The antibody deficiency syndrome in otorhinolaryngological view].

PMID- 13697331
TI  - [Hypophysectomy and radiogold implantation in the hypophysis in metastasizing
      breast cancer].

PMID- 13697332
TI  - [Fronto-basal skull injury].

PMID- 13697333
TI  - [Indication and contraindication for elimination of foci in the
      otorhinolaryngological area].

PMID- 13697334
TI  - Current views on the management of metastatic mammary carcinoma.

PMID- 13697335
TI  - [Retrognathia in newborn infants as a result of incoordinated function and its
      causal therapy].

PMID- 13697336
TI  - [Intestinal antisepsis with kanamycin and neomycin. Comparative study].

PMID- 13697337
TI  - Increase of the rate of release of thyroidal iodine-131 and of circulating
      thyrotrophic activity at early stages of prophylthiouracil treatment in the rat.

PMID- 13697338
TI  - The effect of propylthiouracil, methylthiouracil and thiouracil on the peripheral
      metabolism of 1-thyroxine in thyroidectomized, 1-thyroxine maintained rats.

PMID- 13697340
TI  - [Arterial obstructions].

PMID- 13697339
TI  - [Semiological study of palmar erythema (''hepatic palm'') and arachniform
      telangiectasis].

PMID- 13697341
TI  - [Sterilization and preservation of surgical material in ophthalmological
      surgery].

PMID- 13697342
TI  - [The home for the aged as seen by the technician].

PMID- 13697343
TI  - [On the spreading of the amaurotic idiocy processes in the central nervous system
      at various ages and on features of a late form with regard to pigment atrophy].

PMID- 13697344
TI  - [Psychic complications of corticotherapy].

PMID- 13697345
TI  - [The atherosclerotic lesions of the cervicocerebral arteries].

PMID- 13697346
TI  - Functioning malignant bronchial carcinoid with Cushing's syndrome and recurrent
      sinus arrest.

PMID- 13697347
TI  - [Alstonia species as medicinal plants].

PMID- 13697348
TI  - Clinical profiles of paid normal subjects volunteering for hallucinogen drug
      studies.

PMID- 13697349
TI  - [On the treatment of eczema patients with plegomamazine].

PMID- 13697350
TI  - [The status of goiter in northern Anatolia].

PMID- 13697351
TI  - [Psychosomatic aspects of ulcerative colitis].

PMID- 13697352
TI  - [Excretion cholecystocholangiography. (Apropos of 2800 cases)].

PMID- 13697353
TI  - [The radiological diagnosis during preoperative, peroperative and postoperative
      cholangiography].

PMID- 13697355
TI  - Interrelationship of dietary protein and vitamin A in metabolism. II. Influence
      of vitamin A on the levels of certain liver enzymes in rats.

PMID- 13697354
TI  - Activity of carbonic anhydrase in erythrocytes of patients suffering from
      pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis.

PMID- 13697356
TI  - Nutritive value of the proteins of Bengal gram of high and low protein content.

PMID- 13697357
TI  - Insecticide poisoning, based on material from the Kaplan Hospital.

PMID- 13697358
TI  - [Hennoch's abdominal purpura complicated by acute intestinal obstruction and
      necrosis of a loop of the ileum].

PMID- 13697359
TI  - [Variations in the heart tones of the fetus].

PMID- 13697360
TI  - Lead poisoning resulting from illicit alcohol consumption.

PMID- 13697361
TI  - The influence of ovarian hormones on goitrogenesis.

PMID- 13697362
TI  - Hemolytic disease of the newborn due to the Good factor.

PMID- 13697363
TI  - Fixed-interval and fixed-ratio performance in the fish as a function of
      prefeeding.

PMID- 13697364
TI  - Flip-prism test for vertical phoria.

PMID- 13697365
TI  - The glycogen content of leukocytes from diabetic and non-diabetic subjects.

PMID- 13697366
TI  - An improved 360 degrees single roller spring loaded blood pump.

PMID- 13697367
TI  - Design and application of a disposable stainless steel blood heat exchanger with
      the integrated disposable plastic disc oxygenation system.

PMID- 13697368
TI  - Biochemical studies on mice 6-18 months after total-body x-irradiation.

PMID- 13697369
TI  - [The work of the school physician in the folk schools. A statement based on
      yearly examinations of all pupils during the 12-year period 1948-1960].

PMID- 13697370
TI  - [Epileptic cephalea].

PMID- 13697371
TI  - [3 years of practice of celioscopy. Reflections apropos of 160 observations].

PMID- 13697372
TI  - [A case of fetal erythroblastosis with incipient kernicterus].

PMID- 13697373
TI  - [A case of hypoplasia of the bone marrow].

PMID- 13697374
TI  - [Hemangiomas of the liver. Publication of a case with surgical treatment
      complicated by hemoglobinuric nephrosis].

PMID- 13697375
TI  - [Treatment of paroxysmal tachycardias].

PMID- 13697376
TI  - [Lumbosacral radiculitis caused by herniation of the intervertebral disks and
      their surgical treatment].

PMID- 13697377
TI  - [Notes on the preparation of fused ointment bases].

PMID- 13697378
TI  - [The problem of pulmonary hypertension in persistence of the ductus arteriosus].

PMID- 13697379
TI  - Starch-gel electrophoresis of rat-serum proteins.

PMID- 13697380
TI  - [Translaryngeal block in general anesthesia].

PMID- 13697381
TI  - Apparatus for measuring and counting myelinated nerve fibres.

PMID- 13697382
TI  - Studies on the healing of corneal grafts. I. The fate of mucopolysaccharides as
      determined by S35 incorporation and autoradiography.

PMID- 13697383
TI  - Studies on the healing of corneal grafts. II. The fate of the endothelial cells
      of the graft as determined by sex chromatin studies.

PMID- 13697384
TI  - Impairment of muscle stretch reflexes in tick paralysis.
AB  - Experiments with tick-paralyzed dogs and woodchucks have shown impairment of
      stretch reflexes in addition to partial paralysis at the neuromuscular junction.
      Stretch reflexes disappear very early during paralysis, whereas nociceptive
      reflexes do not appear to be directly affected. The early incoordination and the
      ascending nature of the paralysis may be related to impairment of stretch reflex
      pathways.

PMID- 13697385
TI  - Spinal reflexes and seizure patterns in the two-toed sloth.
AB  - In striking contrast to the seizure patterns of other animals, the electroshock
      seizure of the sloth consists of weak extension followed by tonic flexion and
      terminal clonus. A similar pattern is seen with direct spinal cord stimulation.
      Strychnine produces a pure flexor convulsion. In the spinal sloth, painful
      stimulation of one foot causes extension at some joints of that limb and strong
      flexion at all joints of the contralateral limb.

PMID- 13697386
TI  - [Modifications of the action of digoxin by effortil and sympathol].

PMID- 13697387
TI  - [The dosage/effect relation in pharmacology. The dosage/effectrelation of
      tetramethylammonium iodide and variations of its effect on insulin].

PMID- 13697388
TI  - [Viruses and invert soaps].

PMID- 13697389
TI  - Hemagglutination-inhibition test for titration of antibodies against hepatitis
      contagiosa canis (infectious canine hepatitis).

PMID- 13697390
TI  - [Blood proteins of the fetus. Paper electrophoresis and immuno-electrophoresis].

PMID- 13697391
TI  - Improving insulin therapy with neostigmine.

PMID- 13697392
TI  - [Immunoelectrophoretic studies of the blood of pregnant women].

PMID- 13697393
TI  - [On the presence of placental antigens in the blood of pregnant women].

PMID- 13697395
TI  - The corneal contact lenses.

PMID- 13697394
TI  - Operation for cataract and allied procedures.

PMID- 13697396
TI  - [Clinico-hematological aspects and pathogenic interpretations of congenital
      hypoplastic pancytopenia with multiple. Fanconi-type malformations].

PMID- 13697397
TI  - The relationship of pteridine biosynthesis to the action of copper 8
      hydroxyquinolate on fungal spores.

PMID- 13697398
TI  - [Research on the behavior of erythrocytic adenylic derivatives. The behavior of
      erythrocytic adenylic derivatives in various conditions of erythroblastic
      maturation inhibition].

PMID- 13697399
TI  - [The action of nicotinamide and nicotinic acid on hemopoiesis and hemocatheresis.
      Hemopoiesis in animals treated with high doses of nicotinamide. Morphological and
      biochemical observations].

PMID- 13697400
TI  - [The action of nicotinamide and of its antagonists on hemopoiesis].

PMID- 13697401
TI  - [The action of nicotinamide and nicotinic acid on hemopoiesis and hemocatheresis.
      Behavior of the colchicine statmocynetic test and of erythrocyte uptake of Fe59
      in animals treated with high doses of nicotinamide. Hepatic and splenic uptake of
      Fe59 in animals subjected to nicotinic acid load].

PMID- 13697402
TI  - [The erythropoietic activity of the plasma in subjects with Cooley's disease. Its
      modifications in relation to transfusional therapy and splenectomy].

PMID- 13697403
TI  - [Research on the behavior of erythrocytic adenylic derivatives. The concentration
      of adenylic derivatives in erythrocytes from the splenic arterv and vein].

PMID- 13697404
TI  - [The action of nicotinamide and nicotinic acid on hemopoiesis and hemocatheresis.
      The behavior of sideremia and bilirubinemia in normal and splenectomized animals
      treated with nicotinic acid].

PMID- 13697405
TI  - Determination of acid phosphatase activity in cells of prostatic tumours.

PMID- 13697406
TI  - Maternal mortality review: The Grace Hospital.

PMID- 13697407
TI  - The ABO blood group and breast carcinoma in Filipinos.

PMID- 13697408
TI  - Pyogenic meningitis--a study of 303 cases.

PMID- 13697410
TI  - [On the evolutive possibilities of hybridization].

PMID- 13697409
TI  - The treatment of pyogenic meningitis--is intrathecal therapy necessary?

PMID- 13697411
TI  - [Apropos of old vascular lesions of the base of the neck].

PMID- 13697412
TI  - [On the congenital dilatation of the common bile duct].

PMID- 13697413
TI  - [Grave hemorrhage of medicamentous origin (delta-cortisone)].

PMID- 13697414
TI  - Lecithinase production by gramnegative bacteria.

PMID- 13697415
TI  - A community approach to rural medicine.

PMID- 13697416
TI  - Body-section radiography of the bronchial tree with special reference to a
      modified lateral projection.

PMID- 13697417
TI  - [Preserved serum].

PMID- 13697418
TI  - Reverse mutations and enzyme heterogeneity.

PMID- 13697419
TI  - Competitive inhibition of renal transport of p-aminohippurate by other
      monosubstituted hippurates.

PMID- 13697421
TI  - Reversible elevation of electroconvulsive threshold and occurrence of spontaneous
      convulsions upon repeated electrical stimulation of the cat brain.

PMID- 13697420
TI  - Competitive inhibition of renal transport of p-aminohippurate by analogues of
      chlorothiazide.

PMID- 13697422
TI  - [The significance of electromyography for the analysis of motility disorders of
      the eyes].

PMID- 13697423
TI  - [On the reflex innervation of the internal laryngeal muscles].

PMID- 13697424
TI  - Determination of physiological rhythms of unrestrained animals by radio
      telemetry.

PMID- 13697425
TI  - The American Red Cross role in civil defense.

PMID- 13697426
TI  - Impairment of retention for a conditioned response by ether anesthesia in mice.

PMID- 13697428
TI  - Hemorrhagic varicella pneumonia.

PMID- 13697427
TI  - Localization of acid phosphatase activity in hepatic lysosomes by means of
      electron microscopy.
AB  - Samples of liver from untreated rats, from rats infused with unconjugated
      bilirubin, and from biopsies of human liver were fixed overnight in cold formol
      calcium. Frozen sections were stained for acid phosphatase activity by the Gomori
      lead-glycerophosphate procedure. Small blocks of fixed tissue were also incubated
      in this medium. These were then treated briefly with osmium tetroxide,
      dehydrated, and embedded in methacrylate. Thin sections were studied by electron
      microscopy. The sites of reaction product of acid phosphatase activity as
      visualized in electron micrographs are consistent with those seen in frozen
      sections studied by light microscopy. They indicate that the pericanalicular
      bodies of parenchymatous cells, the large spherical bodies of Kupffer cells, the
      microbodies appearing after bilirubin infusion and lipofuscin granules belong to
      the class of cytoplasmic organelles called lysosomes by de Duve.

PMID- 13697429
TI  - Studies on the content and organization of the respiratory enzymes of
      mitochondria.
AB  - (1) The mathematical calculations relating spectrophotometric data with the data
      of Allard et al. (4, 5) on mitochondrial counts, is presented. Such a calculation
      indicates that an "average mitochondrion" from rat liver would contain about
      17,000 molecules of each cytochrome pigment. (2) Hematocrit determinations
      relating respiratory pigment content for mitochondria isolated from a variety of
      tissues have been presented, showing a fivefold variability depending upon the
      source of the mitochondria. (3) Speculations on the organization of the
      respiratory enzymes associated with the membrane structure of the mitochondria
      are discussed.

PMID- 13697430
TI  - Effect of oligomycin on the arsenate and DNP stimulation of mitochondrial
      oxidations.

PMID- 13697432
TI  - [Incidence of different forms of heart disease treated during a decade].

PMID- 13697431
TI  - [Industrial silicosis in surface industries].

PMID- 13697433
TI  - On the increased serum acid phosphatase in Gaucher's disease.

PMID- 13697434
TI  - Localization of prostatic serum acid phosphatase by starch-gel electrophoresis.

PMID- 13697435
TI  - Quantitative heart tissue culture. II. Electrical behavior of chick right atrium
      compared with that of whole heart.

PMID- 13697436
TI  - [Thyroid teratomas of the ovary].

PMID- 13697438
TI  - [Benign tumors of the stomach].

PMID- 13697437
TI  - [Serum iron in patients of gastrectomy for ulcer].

PMID- 13697439
TI  - [A comparative study of oxygen saturation of the peripheral arterial blood during
      pregnancy, labor and the postpartum period].

PMID- 13697440
TI  - [The syndrome of massive hyperstimulation of the ovaries].

PMID- 13697441
TI  - The influence of the age of the host on the incidence of blood-borne metastases.

PMID- 13697442
TI  - Judgment of size in relation to geometric shape.

PMID- 13697444
TI  - Metabolic characterization of polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

PMID- 13697443
TI  - Recurrent ventricular tachycardia. A case successfully treated by bilateral
      cardiac sympathectomy.

PMID- 13697445
TI  - All-or-none and conservation effects in the learning and retention of paired
      associates.

PMID- 13697446
TI  - Acquisition and transfer in pattern-vs.-component discrimination learning.

PMID- 13697447
TI  - A descriptive aproach to the dynamics of choice behavior.

PMID- 13697448
TI  - Five year end-results in the treatment of inguinal hernia.

PMID- 13697449
TI  - Griseofulvin in tinea capitis.

PMID- 13697450
TI  - [Iatrogenic cytotoxic syndrome].

PMID- 13697451
TI  - [Some observations relating to the etiopathogenesis of cancer].

PMID- 13697452
TI  - [Treatment of human cancer].

PMID- 13697453
TI  - [The content of adenine nucleotide, creatine phosphate, coenzyme A, glycogen and
      lactic acid in the brain of white mice in ether excitation and anesthesia].

PMID- 13697454
TI  - [Changes in the adenine nucleotide, creatinine phosphate, glycogen and lactic
      acid contents as well as of the coenzyme A activity of the brain of white mice in
      the course of a non-fatal calcium cyanide intoxication].

PMID- 13697455
TI  - [Changes in the adenosine polyphosphate, creatine phosphate, glycogen and lactic
      acid contents, as well as in the co-enzyme A activity, of the brain in non-fatal
      potassium cyanide poisoning].

PMID- 13697456
TI  - [The glycogen content of the brain of white mice under the effect of
      phenobarbital and its relations to the blood sugar and body temperature].

PMID- 13697457
TI  - On hospital-treated pseudocroup children in Helsinki in 1951-59.

PMID- 13697458
TI  - Methocarbamol in the control of severe skeletal muscle spasms in small animals.

PMID- 13697459
TI  - Hydatidiform mole.

PMID- 13697460
TI  - [Surgical treatment of peptic ulcer].

PMID- 13697461
TI  - Chronic follicular cholecystitis. Radiological, pathological and surgical
      aspects.

PMID- 13697462
TI  - [Ocular hypertension in the Weil-Marchesani syndrome].

PMID- 13697463
TI  - [Pelvic phlebography. Our personal experience in circulatory and vascular
      alteration].

PMID- 13697464
TI  - [Some debatable points concerning the Malmstroem method (Personal experience with
      80 cases of vacuum extraction)].

PMID- 13697465
TI  - Acute subdural hemorrhage of posterior fossa. Report of a case with review of the
      literature.

PMID- 13697466
TI  - [On anomalies in the position of the pulmonary veins in the heart].

PMID- 13697467
TI  - [Myocardial infarct].

PMID- 13697468
TI  - [Considerations on ascariasis of the bile ducts].

PMID- 13697469
TI  - Influence of sorbic acid on populations and species of yeasts occurring in
      cucumber fermentations.

PMID- 13697470
TI  - Influence of gamma radiations on the microflora of cucumber fruit and blossoms.

PMID- 13697471
TI  - [Acute renal insufficiency].

PMID- 13697472
TI  - [Hemolytic anemia].

PMID- 13697473
TI  - [Clinico-surgical aspects of mitral stenosis].

PMID- 13697474
TI  - [Remote results of operated mitral stenosis].

PMID- 13697475
TI  - Contributions to the life history of the brain fluke of newts and fish,
      Diplostomulum scheuringi Hughes, 1929 (Trematoda: Diplostomatidae).

PMID- 13697476
TI  - Facial injuries.

PMID- 13697477
TI  - [Development of lipids during the incubation of serum. III. Study of
      phospholipids].

PMID- 13697478
TI  - [How should viral hepatitis be investigated?].

PMID- 13697479
TI  - [Muscular stage of glucose metabolism in the obese child. I. Glucose tolerance
      and muscular consumption of glucose in the child].

PMID- 13697480
TI  - [The muscular stage of glucose metabolism in the obese child. II. Factors
      influencing muscular consumption of glucose in the obese child].

PMID- 13697481
TI  - [Herpetic primary invasion of meningeal form].

PMID- 13697482
TI  - [On the growth of the mammary gland in the young hypophysectomized rat treated
      with equine gonadotropins and progesterone in the presence of insulin and
      thyroxin].

PMID- 13697483
TI  - [Thorotrast disease. (Apropos of a case report)].

PMID- 13697484
TI  - [Total cardiac pauses during attacks of paroxysmal tachyarrhythmia].

PMID- 13697485
TI  - [Pure nephrotic syndrome treated with spirolactone in the course of a Besnier
      Boeck-Schaumann disease with pulmonary, hepatic and osseous involvement].

PMID- 13697486
TI  - [Colic melanosis. Apropos of an observation].

PMID- 13697487
TI  - [Treatment of edema in liver cirrhosis with a spirolactone, aldactone].

PMID- 13697489
TI  - [On the problem of metastasis of cancer into the ovary].

PMID- 13697488
TI  - [Posttraumatic polydipso-polyuric syndrome evolving over a 3-year period.
      Recovery through psychotherapy].

PMID- 13697490
TI  - [Lymphatic system of the skin of the human scrotum].

PMID- 13697491
TI  - [On the possibility of culture of poliomyelitis virus on simple media].

PMID- 13697492
TI  - [Certain characteristics of mitochondria of tissue culture cells].

PMID- 13697493
TI  - Excess growth in tadpoles after transplantation of the adenohypophysis.

PMID- 13697494
TI  - Hypothalamo-pituitary relations in metamorphosis of Ambystoma.

PMID- 13697495
TI  - [I-131-labelled plasma fractions in thyroid cancer].

PMID- 13697496
TI  - Blood progesterone levels in abnormal pregnancies.

PMID- 13697497
TI  - Colpomicroscopy, a new method of study of the cervix in the living.

PMID- 13697498
TI  - [Torsion of the spleen].

PMID- 13697499
TI  - [On the problem of pelvic abscesses].

PMID- 13697500
TI  - Effects of anesthesia upon the heart.

PMID- 13697501
TI  - Intermittent peritoneal dialysis using 5 per cent albumin in the treatment of
      salicylate intoxication in children.

PMID- 13697502
TI  - [Clinical experience with the new spasmolytic Lyspafen compositum].

PMID- 13697503
TI  - [Is it necessary to buffer eye-drops?].

PMID- 13697504
TI  - New technic for accurately projecting the dorsum sellae into the foramen magnum.

PMID- 13697505
TI  - Roentgen manifestations of metastatic malignant disease.

PMID- 13697506
TI  - Allergy to stinging insects.

PMID- 13697507
TI  - Management and treatment of allergy to stinging insects.

PMID- 13697508
TI  - [Further studies on the cause of toxically reacting sera in the TPI test (Nelson
      test); the effect of bacteria on Treponema pallidum].

PMID- 13697509
TI  - [Guinea pigs as carriers of skin-pathogenic fungi].

PMID- 13697510
TI  - Kingston General Hospita. Medical teaching at K. G. H.

PMID- 13697511
TI  - The effects of the 'Farquharson Committee Report" on Canadian medical schools.

PMID- 13697512
TI  - Defects in identifying objects visually in a patient with cerebrovascular
      disease.

PMID- 13697513
TI  - The description and interpretation of pictures in cases of brain lesion.

PMID- 13697514
TI  - Demonstration and localization of valvular calcification by planigraphy.

PMID- 13697515
TI  - Metal ions in biological systems. II. The use of pM indicators in the presence of
      large molecules. A determination of the association constant of serum albumin.

PMID- 13697516
TI  - Application of gas chromatographic methods for air pollution studies.

PMID- 13697517
TI  - Medical ethics--faith, fossil or way of life.

PMID- 13697518
TI  - [Effect of light on various fungi and their spectral boundaries at the long wave
      length].

PMID- 13697519
TI  - Camp Needlepoint: Minnesota's camp for diabetic children.

PMID- 13697520
TI  - Hospital safety through practice at New Castle Hospital, New Castle, Pa.

PMID- 13697521
TI  - [Surgical prophylaxis of the recurrence of urinary calculi].

PMID- 13697522
TI  - [Valve formations of the urethra].

PMID- 13697523
TI  - Physiology and pharmacology of temperature regulation.

PMID- 13697524
TI  - [Patient literature].

PMID- 13697525
TI  - [Ergons and anti-ergons].

PMID- 13697526
TI  - [Tumor defense by tumor implantation].

PMID- 13697527
TI  - [Unusual bronchial foreign bodies].

PMID- 13697528
TI  - Effect of reserpine on the release of catecholamines from isolated nerve and
      chromaffin cell granules.

PMID- 13697529
TI  - Improved technique for the fluorimetric estimation of catecholamines.

PMID- 13697530
TI  - Noradrenaline release from isolated nerve granules.

PMID- 13697531
TI  - Neurotransmission in the adrenergic nervous system.

PMID- 13697532
TI  - Occurrence and distribution of catecholamines in the fish brain.

PMID- 13697533
TI  - Occurrence of catecholamines in acrania and invertebrates.

PMID- 13697534
TI  - [Pulmonary emphysema. Anatomoclinical study and pathogenic discussion].

PMID- 13697536
TI  - [Borderline problems of the medical profession].

PMID- 13697535
TI  - [Octolabea turchinii n. g., n. sp. (Plectanocotylidae) a new monogen, parasite of
      Peristhedion cataphractum (L.)].

PMID- 13697537
TI  - De-institutionalization of patients. (The triad of trifluoperazine - group
      psychotherapy - adjuntive therapy).

PMID- 13697539
TI  - Clinical use of bone marrow transfusions.

PMID- 13697538
TI  - We integrated medical-surgical courses.

PMID- 13697540
TI  - Let's put the administrator in his place.

PMID- 13697541
TI  - Skin replacement in hand injuries.

PMID- 13697542
TI  - Bronchitis, pneumonitis and pneumonia in University of Wisconsin students.

PMID- 13697543
TI  - The family as a potential resource in the rehabilitation of the chronic
      schizophrenic patient: a study of 60 patients and their families.

PMID- 13697544
TI  - Common clinical syndromes of infectious disease. II. Common infectious exanthem.

PMID- 13697545
TI  - Common clinical syndromes of infectious disease. III. Common injections of the
      central nervous system.

PMID- 13697546
TI  - Common clinical syndromes of infectious disease. IV. Common diarrheal diseases.

PMID- 13697547
TI  - Common clinical syndromes on infectious disease. I. Introduction and the common
      respiratory diseases.

PMID- 13697548
TI  - John EVANS (1814-1897). His contributions to medicine and other fields.

PMID- 13697549
TI  - Sneezes, wheezes and other diseases.

PMID- 13697550
TI  - Fibroepithelial polyps of ureter and renal pelvis: a case report.

PMID- 13697551
TI  - The paediatric research unit at Guy's Hospital.

PMID- 13697552
TI  - Patterns of increase and spread of polioviruses in monkeys after inoculation into
      traumatized tissue.

PMID- 13697554
TI  - Pharmacogenetics.

PMID- 13697553
TI  - Factors influencing the occurrence of illness during naturally acquired
      polimyelitis virus infections.

PMID- 13697555
TI  - Further observations on the determination of the isoniazid inactivator phenotype.

PMID- 13697556
TI  - The determination of the isoniazid inactivator phenotype.

PMID- 13697557
TI  - Genetic factors in the etiology of duodenal ulcer. An appraisal of the present
      position.

PMID- 13697558
TI  - A method of preparing L. E. cells using the hawksley high-speed haematocrit
      centrifuge.

PMID- 13697559
TI  - Vaccination against poliomyelitis.

PMID- 13697561
TI  - Cysts of the vaginal wall.

PMID- 13697560
TI  - Reduction of anterior dislocation of shoulder without anaesthesia.

PMID- 13697562
TI  - Depression of taste sensitivity to specific sugars by their presence during
      development.
AB  - A chemoreceptor neuron of the adult blowfly contains several different sites for
      activation by sugars. It appears that the number or affinity of the sites for
      fructose and perhaps those for glucose may be depressed by rearing the larvae in
      the presence of the sugar in question.

PMID- 13697563
TI  - ''Drop attacks'' in cyanotic congenital heart-disease.

PMID- 13697564
TI  - Disappearance of the continuous murmur in a case of patent ductus arterious.

PMID- 13697565
TI  - Significance of the anti-sporulation effect of copper fungicides in the control
      of Sigatoka disease of bananas caused by Mycosphaerella musicola Leach.

PMID- 13697566
TI  - Two-plane fixation in fractures of the femoral shaft.

PMID- 13697567
TI  - Synthesis and electrophoretic distribution of antibodies in the amphibian, Bufo
      marinus.

PMID- 13697568
TI  - General practice. Some practical suggestions for reform.

PMID- 13697569
TI  - Erythropoietic response to calorigenic hormones.

PMID- 13697571
TI  - Annual administrative reviews: accounting and financial management.

PMID- 13697570
TI  - Growth response of thyroidectomized rats to high levels of iodide.

PMID- 13697572
TI  - 800 years at St. Bartholomew's.

PMID- 13697573
TI  - A trail of a long-acting penicillin tablet.

PMID- 13697574
TI  - Unusual facial granulomas occurring in a child. Report of a case.

PMID- 13697575
TI  - Chromatid aberrations induced by gamma irradiation. II. Non randomness in the
      distribution of chromatid aberrations in relation to chromosome length in Vicia
      faba root-tip cells.

PMID- 13697576
TI  - Chromatid aberrations induced by gamma irradiation. I. The structure and
      frequency of chromatid interchanges in diploid and tetraploid cells of Vicia
      faba.

PMID- 13697577
TI  - New medication for local treatment of sinusitis and related disorders. Report of
      241 cases.

PMID- 13697578
TI  - Painless chronic pancreatitis, chylo-ascites, and chylothorax. Report of a case.

PMID- 13697579
TI  - Rocking at night.

PMID- 13697580
TI  - Diagnosis of kidney cancer. An analysis of 100 consecutive cases.

PMID- 13697581
TI  - Medullary sponge kidney.

PMID- 13697583
TI  - Postgraduate education for the family doctor. Clinical demonstrations.

PMID- 13697582
TI  - Treatment of acute thrombophlebitis of the arm after radical mastectomy.

PMID- 13697584
TI  - Danger in the use of intrathecal methylene blue.

PMID- 13697585
TI  - Possible realignments in neurology and neurological surgery.

PMID- 13697586
TI  - Spontaneous closure of ventricular septal defects.

PMID- 13697587
TI  - The clinical diagnosis of atrial sefect defect in children.

PMID- 13697588
TI  - Porfiromycin antitumor and toxicopathologic studies.

PMID- 13697589
TI  - Antitumor activity of 1-beta-D-arainofuranosylcytosine hydrochloride.

PMID- 13697590
TI  - Comparative proximity and remoteness characteristics of conventional
      electrocardiographic leads.

PMID- 13697591
TI  - Ruptured aortic sinus aneurysm. Case report, with review of clinical features.

PMID- 13697592
TI  - The proctologic aspect of bleeding from the lower bowel.

PMID- 13697594
TI  - Health survey in three hundred African males.

PMID- 13697593
TI  - Television and eye strain.

PMID- 13697595
TI  - Subconjunctival dislocation of the lens.

PMID- 13697596
TI  - Chorea and carditis.

PMID- 13697597
TI  - Dystonia musculorum deformans presenting as spasmodic torticolis.

PMID- 13697598
TI  - Gastric esterases of pigs.

PMID- 13697599
TI  - Some simple geometric and mechanical characteristics of mammalian blood vessels.

PMID- 13697600
TI  - Hormones and related compounds.

PMID- 13697601
TI  - Autoimmune hemolytic disease. Antibody dissociation and activity.

PMID- 13697603
TI  - Precision and accuracy in gas chromatographic analysis.

PMID- 13697602
TI  - Studies on the dynamics of the reaction between Rh antibody and antigen.

PMID- 13697604
TI  - Histologic studies of neutron- and x-irradiated mouse lenses.

PMID- 13697605
TI  - Polycystic ovarian disease; a clinical and experimental study.

PMID- 13697606
TI  - Thecoma and polycystic disease of the ovaries.

PMID- 13697607
TI  - The infrequent normal electrocardiogram in cardiac pain.

PMID- 13697608
TI  - Alcoholic cardiomyopathy.

PMID- 13697609
TI  - Digitalis therapy.

PMID- 13697610
TI  - A possible mechanism for the stimulation of some metabolic functions during
      phagocytosis.

PMID- 13697611
TI  - A technique for the investigation of some effects of psychotropic and analgesic
      drugs on relfexive behavior in the rat.

PMID- 13697612
TI  - Two factors affecting stimulus generalization on a spatial dimension.

PMID- 13697613
TI  - Origin of beta-aminoisobutvric acid in iris.

PMID- 13697614
TI  - Recovery cycle of visual cortex of the awake and sleeping cat.

PMID- 13697615
TI  - Effects of sleep and waking on spontaneous and evoked discharge of single units
      in visual cortex.

PMID- 13697616
TI  - Congenital cataract: incidence in one family.

PMID- 13697617
TI  - [Synthesis of a new heterocyclic compound: pyrazolo-(2,3-a) quinoxaline. II].

PMID- 13697619
TI  - [A device for testing the resistance of pressed tablets].

PMID- 13697618
TI  - [Program control in experiments with conditioned reflexes].

PMID- 13697620
TI  - [An experimental study of the possible methods of infection of marmots with Q
      rickettsiosis and their excretion of the pathogen into the external environment].

PMID- 13697621
TI  - [Prof. Hermann KOEHLER].

PMID- 13697622
TI  - The role of surgery in the modern treatment of hypertension.

PMID- 13697623
TI  - Bacteriological studies of fresh-water fish. I. Isolation of aerobic bacteria
      from several species of Ontario fish.

PMID- 13697624
TI  - [Cccupational lung diseases (excluding asthma and pneumoconiosis)].

PMID- 13697625
TI  - [Alveolar cancers (apropos of an anatomoclinical case)].

PMID- 13697626
TI  - [The so-called primary alveolar carcinoma].

PMID- 13697627
TI  - [Secondary cancer of the lung].

PMID- 13697628
TI  - Leprosy. A review of the literature of part of 1956, 1957 and part of 1958.

PMID- 13697629
TI  - Leprosy. A review of the literature of part of 1956, 1957 and part of 1958.

PMID- 13697630
TI  - Some basic medical problems illustrated by experiments with cutaneous
      leishmaniasis.

PMID- 13697631
TI  - Changes in the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and in mitotic count in
      epidermis of hairless mice after a single application of one per cent 3:methyl
      cholanthrene in benzene. A preliminary report.

PMID- 13697632
TI  - [Blood smear and hemoglobin determination as a routine procedure].

PMID- 13697633
TI  - [A strap for evacuation of wounded and sick from a ship].

PMID- 13697634
TI  - [Pustulous psoriasis].

PMID- 13697635
TI  - Etiology of unilateral total deafness studied in a series of children and young
      adults.

PMID- 13697636
TI  - Investigations into unilateral total deafness and absence of vestibular function
      with a particular view to the x-ray appearances in the inner ear. Polyomography
      of inner-ear obnormalities.

PMID- 13697637
TI  - Paroxysmal vertigo with nystagmus and parotid swelling in a patient suffering
      from unilateral total deafness following concusion.

PMID- 13697638
TI  - Unlateral total deafness in children. Clinical problems with a special view to
      vestibular function.

PMID- 13697639
TI  - A note on the determination of tryptophan.

PMID- 13697640
TI  - Manesium absorption in sheep.

PMID- 13697641
TI  - Effect of minerals on amino acid incorporation by a rat-liver preparation.

PMID- 13697642
TI  - Melanogenesis and skin carcinoma.

PMID- 13697643
TI  - Intradermal administration of chloroquine for discoid lupus erythematosus and
      lichen sclerosus et atrophicus.

PMID- 13697644
TI  - Light-sensitive eruptions in American Indians.

PMID- 13697645
TI  - Coal tar and ultraviolet light.

PMID- 13697646
TI  - Cutaneous reactions to light.

PMID- 13697647
TI  - Red cell and plasma volumes of the rat and of tissues during cold acclimation.

PMID- 13697648
TI  - A new-type silicone rod for scleral bucking.

PMID- 13697649
TI  - Duration of oculomotor akinesia of injectable anesthetics.

PMID- 13697650
TI  - [Nonspecific effects of balneotherapy in rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 13697651
TI  - [The non-specific reaction to sulfur baths and mud baths].

PMID- 13697653
TI  - [Environmental studies in open tuberculosis of teachers and students].

PMID- 13697652
TI  - Studies on experimental shock: production of ischemic necrosis of the skin by an
      intradermal injection of endotoxin or vasopressor amine.

PMID- 13697654
TI  - From last resort to first aid.

PMID- 13697655
TI  - Is there a rational basis for combining corticoids and ACTH?

PMID- 13697656
TI  - The development of a preperation to prevent abortion and premature labour.

PMID- 13697657
TI  - Using anabolic steroids in uremia.

PMID- 13697658
TI  - Cardiac output measured by thermal dilution of room temperature injectate.

PMID- 13697659
TI  - Observations with certain experiments on the paralyzed vocal cords in dogs.

PMID- 13697661
TI  - [On the abuse of psychopharmaca].

PMID- 13697660
TI  - Paralysis of the vocal cords after thyroidectomy. A review.

PMID- 13697662
TI  - [To what extent is shock therapy still necessary in the treatment of
      schizophrenia?].

PMID- 13697664
TI  - [Aeromedical and survival instruction of flight personnel of the Air Force].

PMID- 13697663
TI  - [Contribution to the study of R-1625 or haloperidol in chronic psychoses or
      behavior disorders of certain mentally degenerated patients].

PMID- 13697665
TI  - [The family of the alcoholic].

PMID- 13697667
TI  - [Application of interference microscopy to coacervates].

PMID- 13697666
TI  - [Treatment of fractures of the forearm in the Centre de Traumatology from 1948 to
      1959].

PMID- 13697668
TI  - [Ribonucleic acids in thermophil and mesophil cultures of the race XII of
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae].

PMID- 13697670
TI  - [On reactions of Dogel's neurons of the 2d type in Auerbach's plexus of the
      duodenum after vagotomy].

PMID- 13697669
TI  - [The effect of temperature on nucleic acids of Aspergillus fumigatus].

PMID- 13697671
TI  - The treatment of malignant neoplasms of the larynx and pharynx. (Review of the
      non-Russian literature).

PMID- 13697672
TI  - [Therapy of malignant neoplasms of the larynx and pharynx (Review of foreign
      literature)].

PMID- 13697673
TI  - [On the capacity of chlorophyll to photosensitize oxidation-reduction reactions
      in the state of adsorption].

PMID- 13697674
TI  - [Studies on photoreduction of chlorophyll and its analogues in various solvents
      by means of the electro-conductivity measurement method].

PMID- 13697675
TI  - [Electrical asymmetry in superficial hemangiomas].

PMID- 13697676
TI  - Serum complement in the newborn. An investigation of complement activity in
      normal infants and in Rh and AB hemolytic disease.

PMID- 13697677
TI  - Needs of the mentally ill: types of effective action between the community and
      its hospital facilities.

PMID- 13697678
TI  - Psychiatry in industry.

PMID- 13697679
TI  - Psychotherapy and public health.

PMID- 13697680
TI  - Somatic equivalents of depressions.

PMID- 13697682
TI  - [Pediatric viewpoints on the problem of childhood tonsillectomy].

PMID- 13697681
TI  - [Newborn and premature infants].

PMID- 13697683
TI  - A new intermediate host of schistosome trematodes from New South Wales.

PMID- 13697684
TI  - Immunological tolerance studies with mice and Trichinella.

PMID- 13697685
TI  - One year results with fenestration of the oval window.

PMID- 13697686
TI  - Social hearing rehabilitation.

PMID- 13697687
TI  - [A positioning apparatus for operations on children].

PMID- 13697688
TI  - [Diseases of the bile ducts].

PMID- 13697689
TI  - Ewing's sarcoma. A report on two cases.

PMID- 13697690
TI  - Sacrococcygeal teratomas in adults.

PMID- 13697691
TI  - Acute perianal and pilonidal suppuration.

PMID- 13697692
TI  - Trans-tracheal bronchography.

PMID- 13697693
TI  - The clinical screening of psychopharmacotherapeutic agents: a consideration of
      methodology.

PMID- 13697694
TI  - The role of the grievance committee at the level of the county medical society.

PMID- 13697695
TI  - Efficacy of cyanna-cethydrazide against swine lungworms.

PMID- 13697696
TI  - Metastrongylosis in the field: species and sex ratios of the parasites,
      preferential location in respiratory apparatus of the host, and concomitant
      lesions.

PMID- 13697697
TI  - Intersubgroup and intrasubgroup antigenic relationships within the genus
      Shigella: subgroup A.

PMID- 13697698
TI  - [Studies on animal hemoglobin types].

PMID- 13697700
TI  - Organization and operation of a small plant industrial medical service in France.

PMID- 13697699
TI  - [Studies on hemoglobin types in animals].

PMID- 13697701
TI  - [The humanization of the hospital].

PMID- 13697702
TI  - [Study of the chemical composition of the skin and Achilles tendon in the guinea
      pig in relation to the weight and age of the animal. (Glucuronic acid, aldoses,
      arginine, tyrosine and hydroxyproline)].

PMID- 13697703
TI  - Achromatic color in cards IV and VI of the Rorschach.

PMID- 13697704
TI  - Barium studies in the aged.

PMID- 13697706
TI  - The prevention of pressure sores.

PMID- 13697705
TI  - Terminal illness in the aged.

PMID- 13697707
TI  - Winter ailments in the elderly.

PMID- 13697708
TI  - [The therapeutic value of existential analysis].

PMID- 13697709
TI  - [On gas exchange in bronchoscopy under anesthesia with muscle relaxants].

PMID- 13697710
TI  - [On the effectiveness of manual artificial respiration and of the so-called mouth
      to-mouth artificial respiration for gas exchange].

PMID- 13697711
TI  - [On the persistent frontal suture--so-called metopism].

PMID- 13697712
TI  - Solitary oil granuloma of the lung. A report of three cases.

PMID- 13697713
TI  - [The problem of deodorization in intimate hygiene].

PMID- 13697714
TI  - [On the biology and bacteriology of the vaginal secretion].

PMID- 13697715
TI  - [On the pathogenesis and causal treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint].

PMID- 13697716
TI  - The exoerythrocytic cycle of Plasmodium cynomolgi and P. cynomolgi bastianellii
      in the rhesus monkey.

PMID- 13697717
TI  - [Demethylchlortetracycline/Ledermycin (DMCTC). Clinico-therapeutic results].

PMID- 13697719
TI  - [The Gm-a serum factor in Africans of Porto-Novo (Dahomey)].

PMID- 13697718
TI  - [The behavior of esterified and non-esterified fatty acids in the serum under the
      influence of glucagon and insulin in man].

PMID- 13697720
TI  - [Blood groups of chimpanzees].

PMID- 13697721
TI  - [Properdin and natural resistance].

PMID- 13697722
TI  - [The serology of infectious mononucleosis].

PMID- 13697723
TI  - A bone tumour registry--chondrosarcoma and fibrosarcoma of bone.

PMID- 13697724
TI  - Phenactropinium chloride; clinical observations.

PMID- 13697726
TI  - Paralysis agitans syndrome: a report of the results of testing and treatment with
      high frequency (sedac) currents.

PMID- 13697725
TI  - Paralysis agitans syndrome. A report on the results of testing and treatment with
      high frequency (sedac) currents.

PMID- 13697727
TI  - [Development of the human internal ear from the 26th to the 70th day of embryonal
      life. Anatomical and biometric study].

PMID- 13697728
TI  - [Considerations on the use of intravenous far emulsions].

PMID- 13697729
TI  - Drugs and personality. IX. The effects of stimulant and depressant drugs upon
      visual figural after-effects.

PMID- 13697730
TI  - Drugs and personality. VI. The effects of stimulant and depressant drugs upon
      body sway (static ataxia).

PMID- 13697731
TI  - Drugs and personality. VII. The effects of stimulant and depressant drugs upon
      pupillary reactions.

PMID- 13697732
TI  - Drugs and personality. VIII. The effects of stimulant and depressant drugs on
      visual after-effects of a rotating spiral.

PMID- 13697733
TI  - Drugs and personality. X. The effects of stimulant and depressant drugs upon
      kinaesthetic figural after-effects.

PMID- 13697734
TI  - Drugs and personality. XI. The effects of stimulant and depressant drugs upon
      auditory flutter fusion.

PMID- 13697735
TI  - Reminiscence as a function of drive.

PMID- 13697736
TI  - A note on ''impulse repression and emotional adjustment''.

PMID- 13697737
TI  - Objective psychological tests and the assessment of drug effects.

PMID- 13697738
TI  - Personality and behaviour therapy.

PMID- 13697739
TI  - Psychosis, drive and inhibition: a theoretical and experimental account.

PMID- 13697740
TI  - Personality, and pain assessment in childbirth of married and unmarried mothers.

PMID- 13697741
TI  - Retention of a well-developed motor skill after one year.

PMID- 13697742
TI  - [The close relationship of asthma and of primary bronchiectasis. Major
      manifestations of respiratory climatic inadaptation].

PMID- 13697743
TI  - [Agammaglobulinemia with varicellar necrotic purpura and severe lymphocytosis in
      an infant].

PMID- 13697744
TI  - [Features of manifestations, course and therapy of generalized skin xanthomatosis
      in diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 13697745
TI  - Increase in ribonucleic acid in the bacterial chromatin body during
      chloramphenicol treatment.

PMID- 13697746
TI  - The Annual Examination Institute--1961. IV.

PMID- 13697747
TI  - [On the diagnosis of jaundice in newborn infants and during early months of
      life].

PMID- 13697748
TI  - [Action of a synthetic vasodilator on certain hypertensive late pregnancy
      toxicoses].

PMID- 13697749
TI  - [An attempt at the interpretation of the changes in electroencephalographic
      tracings observed in eclamptic patients].

PMID- 13697750
TI  - [Intra-uterine pregnancy brought to term after preservation of a pregnant single
      fallopian tube].

PMID- 13697751
TI  - [Therapeutic effect of Diurex on epilepsy].

PMID- 13697752
TI  - [Transference and psychoanalytic interpretation in individual and group
      psychotherapy].

PMID- 13697753
TI  - ''Iodide-myxedema'' in patients with chronic chest disease.

PMID- 13697754
TI  - The effects of ionizing radiations on the biochemistry of mammalian tissues. IV.
      Effect of ovariectomy and estrogen therapy on radiation injury.

PMID- 13697755
TI  - The effects of ionizing radiations on the biochemistry of mammalian tissues. III.
      Further studies on the influence of hormones on radiation injury in rats.

PMID- 13697756
TI  - The effects of ionizing radiations on the biochemistry of mammalian tissues. III.
      The influence of x-irradiation on the enzyme activity of some tissues of weanling
      rats.

PMID- 13697757
TI  - The effects of ionizing radiations on the biochemistry of mammalian tissues. IV.
      Influence of changes in body pH on radiation injury in rats.

PMID- 13697758
TI  - [Local treatment of impetigo, eczema and pyodermitis with a combination of
      prednisolone and hexachlorophene].

PMID- 13697759
TI  - Phonation: clinical testing versus electromyography.

PMID- 13697760
TI  - [On the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in teachers].

PMID- 13697761
TI  - [Phase contrast method on the thin sections, demonstrated by an example of kidney
      pathology].

PMID- 13697762
TI  - [Function of the renal tubule studied with the ''stop flow'' technic. Behavior of
      Na, K and I-131].

PMID- 13697763
TI  - 35 mm to 16 mm cine film copier.

PMID- 13697764
TI  - A time indicator for direct marking during serial radiography.

PMID- 13697765
TI  - Staphylococcal bacteraemia. Clinical and bacteriological observations in 201
      cases.

PMID- 13697766
TI  - [Use of an adrenocortical inhibitor (Su 4885) as a hypophyseal function test].

PMID- 13697767
TI  - [Experimental research on the regeneration and functional behavior of the
      lymphatic vessels after lymphoadenectomy].

PMID- 13697768
TI  - [Allotrichia circumscripta symmetrica capillitii].

PMID- 13697769
TI  - [Occupational diseases and changes in the finger-nails in meat processing
      industry in the Ostrava Region].

PMID- 13697771
TI  - [Experiences with modern electronic hearing aids].

PMID- 13697770
TI  - [Therapeutic importance of staphylococcal anatoxins in recurrent pyoderma].

PMID- 13697772
TI  - [Orbital complications in inflammations involving the paranasal sinuses].

PMID- 13697774
TI  - Recent progress in anesthesiology.

PMID- 13697773
TI  - Concentrations of halothane, ether and cyclopropane in inspired atmospheres
      during closed circuit anesthesia.

PMID- 13697775
TI  - Laboratory and clinical investigation of some newly synthesized fluorocarbon
      anesthetics.

PMID- 13697776
TI  - Anesthesia in the emergency room.

PMID- 13697777
TI  - [A case of hemolytic disease in a newborn infant conditioned by simultaneous
      isoimmunization in the ABO and Rh systems, cured by 4 exchange transfusions].

PMID- 13697778
TI  - [Effects of some substances with ''P activity'' on the growth and level of
      ascorbic acid achieved in the organs of guinea pigs fed purified diets and
      receiving synthetic ascorbic acid orally].

PMID- 13697779
TI  - [Level of ascorbic acid in the organs of guinea pigs fed with a diet of well
      defined composition].

PMID- 13697780
TI  - [Research for the purpose of establishing a purified diet suitable for guinea
      pigs].

PMID- 13697781
TI  - [Morpho-functional changes in the hypothalamic nuclei following various stimuli.
      II. Effect of simultaneous exposure to cold stress and water overload on the
      morphology of the hypothalamic nuclei in the white rat].

PMID- 13697782
TI  - [Reaction times in chronic alcoholics in relation to the blood alcohol level].

PMID- 13697783
TI  - [The posterior communicating and posterior cerebral arteries in cerebral
      pathology (visualization by means of carotidography)].

PMID- 13697784
TI  - [Contribution to the semeiological study of the motor constitution. Motometric
      research on 200 normal persons].

PMID- 13697785
TI  - [The effect of medication on shortening the average duration of labor].

PMID- 13697786
TI  - [Dissecting aortic aneurysm. Rupture into the pericardium].

PMID- 13697787
TI  - [Intermittent diarrhea and intestinal hemorrhage associated with visceral
      vasculitis].

PMID- 13697788
TI  - Yellow fever at Tema, Ghana, 1959: a serological survey by complement fixation.

PMID- 13697789
TI  - [The tetracyclines as growth factors].

PMID- 13697790
TI  - [Technic for simple an radical treatment of sacrococcygeal fistulas and cysts].

PMID- 13697791
TI  - [Intervention of the juvenile court judge in the protection of victims of
      indecent assault].

PMID- 13697792
TI  - [Electrocardiographic modifications in the course of experimental pericarditis in
      the dog].

PMID- 13697793
TI  - [Anatomical and electrocardiographic developments in experimental pericarditis].

PMID- 13697794
TI  - [On the pathogenesis of the precordial pains in arm amputees].

PMID- 13697795
TI  - [Interstitial plasma cell pneumonia. Nosological entity or reactional
      mechanism?].

PMID- 13697796
TI  - [Diuretic action of benzydroflumethiazide (neo-rontyl)].

PMID- 13697797
TI  - [The treatment of ischemic pains of the lower extremities by Niamid].

PMID- 13697798
TI  - [Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the pancreas].

PMID- 13697799
TI  - [On the development of the role of the human factor in the causes of aviation
      accidents].

PMID- 13697800
TI  - [Influence of thyroidectomy on blood thyrostimulin of the guinea pig. Biological
      determination on the tadpole (Rana temporaria)].

PMID- 13697801
TI  - [Detection of cancer of the uterine cervix examined from the economic and social
      point of view].

PMID- 13697802
TI  - [Recent surgical lesions of the ureters. 1. Generalities].

PMID- 13697803
TI  - [Prostatic adenomectomy during persistent hyperazotemias].

PMID- 13697804
TI  - [Foreign body of the esophagus].

PMID- 13697805
TI  - [Abdominal tumor of seminal origin without clinically detectable testicular
      localization].

PMID- 13697806
TI  - [High-frequency electric laryngography during a series of phonatory bursts,
      single or repeated].

PMID- 13697807
TI  - [Respiratory glottography: apparatus and preliminary results].

PMID- 13697808
TI  - [Critique of the methods for the numeration of living germs of the air, used in
      the official control of so-called continuous or permanent procedures for
      atmospheric disinfection. On their degree of exactitude and accuracy].

PMID- 13697809
TI  - [On the methods of controlling therapeutic preparations containing antibiotic
      resistant lactic bacteria].

PMID- 13697810
TI  - [Lucie RANDOIN].

PMID- 13697811
TI  - [Lucie RANDOIN].

PMID- 13697812
TI  - [On the subject of the ''du Parc'' spring at Vals (Ardeche)].

PMID- 13697813
TI  - [Dystrophic delay of development and cirrhosis in an Algerian moslem].

PMID- 13697814
TI  - [Atypical gout].

PMID- 13697815
TI  - External auditory canal and lobule temperature.

PMID- 13697816
TI  - Famous sons of medical men.

PMID- 13697817
TI  - Politics, presidents and cardiovascular disease.

PMID- 13697818
TI  - The allergic child and the bloody nose.

PMID- 13697819
TI  - The bronchoscopic diagnosis of lung cancer.

PMID- 13697820
TI  - The deafness of Thomas Edison.

PMID- 13697821
TI  - The effect of oral-nasal decongestion on nasal pH.

PMID- 13697822
TI  - The elongated uvula.

PMID- 13697823
TI  - The respiratory diseases of American Presidents. I.

PMID- 13697824
TI  - The respiratory diseases of American presidents. II.

PMID- 13697825
TI  - The role of sulfonamides in otolaryngology.

PMID- 13697826
TI  - The undetected acoustic neuroma.

PMID- 13697827
TI  - They were also patients: George Gershwin, Clarence Darrow, and Adolf Hitler.

PMID- 13697828
TI  - Tumors of the esophagus.

PMID- 13697829
TI  - Pulmonary atresia developing after a shunt operation for Fallot's tetralogy.

PMID- 13697830
TI  - A simple pituitary localizer for radiation therapy.

PMID- 13697831
TI  - [Histological changes in prostatic carcinoma caused by therapy with combined
      natural estrogens].

PMID- 13697832
TI  - [Experience in urology with chemioantibiotic synergic preparation with
      potentiated action].

PMID- 13697833
TI  - [The composition of bone salts in the tissues during ossification. II. Trials in
      the fractionation of compact bone tissue by grinding].

PMID- 13697834
TI  - [The composition of bone salts in the tissues during ossification. III.
      Fractionation of bone tissues by flotation].

PMID- 13697835
TI  - The effect of age on the ability of rats to adapt to mechanical trauma.

PMID- 13697836
TI  - [The influence of nutritional factors on the action of oral antidiabetics in
      rats].

PMID- 13697837
TI  - Enhanced growth of the small intestine in rats as a result of adaptation to
      intermittent starvation.

PMID- 13697838
TI  - [Hypertrophy of the stomach and small intestine of the rat as a result of altered
      time distribution of food intake].

PMID- 13697840
TI  - Current concepts in diabetes mellitus. Laboratory aids in diagnosis.

PMID- 13697839
TI  - [Certain modifications of laboratory diets with various distributions of
      principal foods].

PMID- 13697841
TI  - [The obstetrical problem of prolonged pregnancy].

PMID- 13697842
TI  - [Considerations on infantile audiometry using conditioned instrumental reflexes].

PMID- 13697843
TI  - [Considerations on the use of the ''conditioned orientation reflex'' in infantile
      audiology].

PMID- 13697844
TI  - [Contribution to the study of objective and semi-objective audiometry in
      hypoacusic children. Consideration on 203 examinations].

PMID- 13697845
TI  - [The intersegmental arthro-kineto-sympathetic reflex].

PMID- 13697846
TI  - [Neuroviroses of clinical encephaloradiculoneuritic forms].

PMID- 13697847
TI  - [Periarteritis nodosa with lesions of peculiar appearance at the level of the
      large cerebral arteries].

PMID- 13697848
TI  - [The diagnosis of myxoma of the left auricle. Apropos of 3 cases, including 1
      case diagnosed before surgery, operated on and cured].

PMID- 13697849
TI  - [Left catheterization].

PMID- 13697850
TI  - [The treatment of refractory cardiac insufficiencies].

PMID- 13697851
TI  - Incomplete differentiation of the aortic valve (myxomatosis). A cause of
      myocardial infarction in the neonate.

PMID- 13697852
TI  - Advances in diagnosis of the malabsorption syndrome.

PMID- 13697853
TI  - [Developmental physiological and genetic studies on differentiation of the
      reproductive organs of Allomyces arbuscula Butl].

PMID- 13697854
TI  - [Light and electron microscopic studies of the nervous system of Unio tumidus
      (Philipsson) with special reference to neurosecretion].

PMID- 13697855
TI  - [Effect of adrenochrome semicarbazone on traumatic shock experimentally induced
      in the guinea pig].

PMID- 13697856
TI  - [Effect of neuroleptic and relaxant drugs in convulsive states induced by toxic
      doses of local anesthetics].

PMID- 13697857
TI  - [Influence of thyrotropic substances on the appearance and evolution of genetic
      susceptibility to audiogenic shock].

PMID- 13697858
TI  - [Research on the nature of the utero-relaxant principle contained in aqueous
      corpus luteum extracts].

PMID- 13697859
TI  - [Further studies on the effects of air pollution on human health].

PMID- 13697860
TI  - [An approach to improved prenatal care].

PMID- 13697861
TI  - [Electrolyte disorders in congestive cardiac insufficiency. Diagnosis and
      treatment].

PMID- 13697862
TI  - [First results with the use of guanethidine in the treatment of severe arterial
      hypertension].

PMID- 13697863
TI  - [The role of a communicable diseases hospital in eradication of diphtheria].

PMID- 13697864
TI  - [The use of biomycin in the treatment of patients with pharyngeal diphtheria].

PMID- 13697865
TI  - Arteriovenous vascular malformation of the cervical portion of the vertebral
      artery. A case report.

PMID- 13697866
TI  - Occlusion of the cervical carotid arteries.

PMID- 13697867
TI  - [Cholelithiasis and cancer of the gallbladder].

PMID- 13697868
TI  - [Vegetative modifications due to "high" spinal anesthesia].

PMID- 13697869
TI  - [Polarographic research on the metals left by molded polyvinyl chloride
      stabilizers and by residual polyethylene catalyzers].

PMID- 13697870
TI  - [Stability of neosynephrine hydrochloride as a function of the nature of
      conditioning].

PMID- 13697871
TI  - [Note on a mild epizootic caused by Erysipelothrix muriseptica in white
      laboratory mice].

PMID- 13697872
TI  - [Hepatitis due to Nocardia asteroides in the horse].

PMID- 13697873
TI  - [Osteitis of the superior maxilla caused by Nocardia sp. in a cow].

PMID- 13697874
TI  - [Changes in blood proteins in silver foxes during the administration of
      therapeutic portions of piperazine adipate and ethylene tetrachloride].

PMID- 13697876
TI  - [Cellulitis and diffusion products].

PMID- 13697875
TI  - [Tetrathyridium elengatum (Blumberg, 1882) invasion in a dog].

PMID- 13697877
TI  - An unusual brain abscess: report of a case.

PMID- 13697878
TI  - Relation of Rorschach movement and color responses to cognitive inhibition.

PMID- 13697879
TI  - The prevalence of dust allergy in bronchial asthma and the importance of carrying
      out provocation tests, even when skin tests reveal negative results.

PMID- 13697880
TI  - [Fractures of the orbital floor with ocular complications].

PMID- 13697881
TI  - [Diabetic neuropathy].

PMID- 13697882
TI  - [Regional enteritis].

PMID- 13697883
TI  - Marine sterols. IX. Biosynthesis of 24-methylenecholesterol in clams.

PMID- 13697884
TI  - Marine sterols. VIII. In vivo transformations of the sterol side chain by a clam.

PMID- 13697885
TI  - [Recent observations on the metabolism of steroid hormones in hepatic
      insufficiency. Urinary 17-ketosteroids and their qualitative analysis].

PMID- 13697886
TI  - [Reparative surgery of the hand in leprosy].

PMID- 13697887
TI  - [Study for an experimental rehabilitation service for patients of Hansen's
      disease in the Department of Leprosy Prevention].

PMID- 13697889
TI  - A model for equisection scaling.

PMID- 13697888
TI  - [The bacterial content of rags used in commerce and in the textile industry of
      Prato].

PMID- 13697890
TI  - Inhibition of the effect of cortisone on antibody formation by heterologous
      spleen cells.

PMID- 13697891
TI  - Use of a 'mixed haemadsorption' method in virus-infected tissue cultures.

PMID- 13697892
TI  - [The growth of Cl. sporogenes studied by electron microbiophotometry. I.
      Comparative actions of nichelous ions and cobaltous ions].

PMID- 13697893
TI  - [Perinatal mortality].

PMID- 13697894
TI  - Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Three case reports with primary presentation in the
      ear and on the neck.

PMID- 13697895
TI  - Leiomyosarcoma of the spermatic cord.

PMID- 13697896
TI  - [Histoplasmosis; presentation of 1 case].

PMID- 13697897
TI  - [Organization of the cancer registry in Estado do Rio Grande do Sul].

PMID- 13697899
TI  - Fractures of the elbow in children.

PMID- 13697898
TI  - [Hepatitis due to benign virus].

PMID- 13697900
TI  - Serum protein changes in malignant diseases. I. The acute leukemias.

PMID- 13697901
TI  - Evaluation of trisodium calcium diethylenetriaminepentacetate in iron storage
      disease.

PMID- 13697902
TI  - Immunochemical studies of twenty mouse myeloma proteins: evidence for two groups
      of proteins similar to gamma and beta-2A globulins in man.
AB  - The serum myeloma proteins associated with 20 mouse plasma cell tumors in C(3)H
      or BALB/c mice that had proved transplantable were characterized by
      electrophoretic and immunochemical techniques. Although the myeloma proteins
      ranged in electrophoretic mobility from gamma to alpha globulins, they could be
      divided into two groups, the gamma type and the beta type myeloma globulins, on
      the basis of characteristic immunochemical properties. Gamma type myeloma
      proteins (5563, MPC-11) showed a close immunochemical relationship to normal
      mouse gamma globulins. Eighteen beta type mouse myeloma proteins migrated as beta
      or alpha globulins on zone electrophoresis. These proteins shared common
      antigenic features which permitted their recognition, separate from gamma myeloma
      proteins. The beta type myeloma proteins were shown to be related to a beta
      globulin component present in normal serum. Strain differences were observed for
      the normal beta globulin component believed to be formed in plasma cells. The
      proteins formed in mouse plasma cells were found to be antigenically complex.
      Shared antigenic determinants as well as distinctive antigenic determinants were
      detected when representative myeloma proteins were purified and compared by the
      Ouchterlony double diffusion technique. The myeloma proteins associated with each
      of the transplantable plasma cell tumors in mice are regarded as distinctive and
      characteristic products of plasma cell metabolism. The variety of myeloma
      globulins was similar for plasma cell tumors arising in C(3)H as well as in
      BALB/c mice, indicating that differences in mouse strains would not account for
      the differences among the myeloma globulins. These differences, however, may be
      due to differences among the normal plasma cells from which the malignant cells
      are derived. If this is so, the variety of myeloma globulins reflect the variety
      of plasma cells present normally.

PMID- 13697903
TI  - Physiocochemical characterization of mouse myeloma proteins: demonstration of
      heterogeneity for each myeloma globulin.
AB  - Physicochemical characterization of mouse myeloma proteins revealed the
      individuality of each myeloma protein. When the myeloma proteins are considered
      collectively a wide range of individual properties were represented, including
      electrophoretic mobilities varying from the gamma to alpha region, hexose
      contents from 1 to 4 per cent, and ultracentrifugal components from 6.5 to 13 S.
      The 20 myeloma proteins could be divided into groups, the gamma type and the beta
      type myeloma globulins, on the basis of physicochemical, as well as
      immunoelectrophoretic, studies. Two gamma type myeloma proteins (5563, MPC-11)
      resembled normal gamma globulins, sedimenting as a single 6.5 S peak in the
      ultracentrifuge, and having a relatively low hexose content (1 per cent).
      Eighteen beta type mouse myeloma proteins differed from gamma myeloma proteins
      and, typically, were found on ultracentrifugal analysis to have multiple
      components with sedimentation coefficients of 6.5, 9, 11, and 13 S, having a
      higher hexose content (2 to 4 per cent) as well as distinctive chromatographic
      and starch gel electrophoretic properties. All of the mouse myeloma proteins were
      heterogeneous and heterogeneity of two types was observed. Polymer formation was
      responsible for the 9, 11, and/or 13 S components seen on ultracentrifugation of
      the beta type myeloma proteins. Starch gel electrophoresis revealed this type of
      heterogeneity as relatively widely separated myeloma protein components,
      presumably owing to the retardation effect of starch gel on the electrophoretic
      migration of the larger polymers. Starch gel electrophoresis revealed a different
      type of heterogeneity for the two gamma type myeloma proteins, each of these
      being shown to contain 5 or more components differing only in electrophoretic
      properties. The physicochemical characteristics of the gamma-type and beta-type
      myeloma proteins in the mouse indicated the close similarity of these proteins to
      the gamma- and beta-(2A)-myeloma proteins in man.

PMID- 13697904
TI  - The nature of the myeloma globulin.

PMID- 13697905
TI  - Scirrhous carcinoma of the colon and rectum.

PMID- 13697906
TI  - Laboratory facilities available to the general practitioner.

PMID- 13697907
TI  - Intravenous cholangiography in biliary surgery.

PMID- 13697908
TI  - Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase after hepatic artery ligatature.

PMID- 13697909
TI  - Induction of mutations by deoxyribonucleic acid in Drosophila melanogaster.

PMID- 13697911
TI  - Essentials of estate planning for the young dentist.

PMID- 13697910
TI  - Cytogenetic analysis of the action of carcinogens and tumour inhibitors in
      Drosophila melanogaster. X. The nature of the mutations induced by the mesyioxy
      esters in relation to molecular cross-linkage.

PMID- 13697912
TI  - Substrate specificity of a purified fungal laccase.

PMID- 13697913
TI  - [Galbladder and bile duct].

PMID- 13697914
TI  - [Contribution to the study of hemodynamic changes of the pulmonary circulation
      induced by adrenalin].

PMID- 13697915
TI  - [Russian physicians in Turkestan in the last century].

PMID- 13697916
TI  - [Differential action of a central nervous excitant demonstrated by a technic of
      "operant" conditioning in the cat].

PMID- 13697917
TI  - [Recent data for the establishment of permissible concentrations of sexivalent
      chromium in water supply].

PMID- 13697918
TI  - [Alkalinization of the serum and complement consumption].

PMID- 13697919
TI  - [Consumption of complement in the serum of hemolymphopathic patients treated with
      alkalies].

PMID- 13697920
TI  - [Attempted treatment of intestinal amebiasis with stylomycin].

PMID- 13697921
TI  - [Epidemiological aspects of cysticercosis in Chile].

PMID- 13697922
TI  - [Notes of practical interest on human hydatidosis].

PMID- 13697923
TI  - [Parasitological examination of feces. Requisities for obtaining the sample].

PMID- 13697924
TI  - Pre-operative and post-operative intravenous therapy: the recognition and
      treatment of a disturbed fluid and electrolyte balance.

PMID- 13697925
TI  - A study on an ultramicro and automated procedure for serum proteins.

PMID- 13697926
TI  - [The effect of mucoproteins and glycolipids on the growth of epithelial and
      mesenchymal cells in tissue culture].

PMID- 13697927
TI  - [New Schistosoma of birds of the genus Gigantobilharzia Odhner].

PMID- 13697929
TI  - [Calculus in the prostate gland].

PMID- 13697928
TI  - [Pentastomiasis in man].

PMID- 13697930
TI  - [Phenoxymethyl penicillin and bicillin in the therapy of patients with acute
      gonorrhea].

PMID- 13697932
TI  - The synthetic function of homosexual cathexis in the treatment of adults.

PMID- 13697931
TI  - [The thoughts of Maurice BOUVET].

PMID- 13697934
TI  - ["Difficult children"].

PMID- 13697933
TI  - [Pulmonary tuberculosis and psychogenesis. Collection of current papers].

PMID- 13697935
TI  - Simple teaching method for illustrating the principles of dark-field
      illumination.

PMID- 13697936
TI  - [On the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic tendencies and the mechanism of hemostatic
      effects of therapy in aplastic and hypoplastic anemias].

PMID- 13697937
TI  - How to pick your supplier.

PMID- 13697938
TI  - Vegetable purgatives containing anthracene derivatives. XI. Further work on the
      aloin-like substance of Rhamnus purshiana DC.

PMID- 13697939
TI  - [Pharmaceutical education in Great Britain].

PMID- 13697940
TI  - A psychophysical investigation of vowel formants.

PMID- 13697941
TI  - Treatment of urinary infections with cycloserine.

PMID- 13697942
TI  - Sodium methicillin in routine therpay.

PMID- 13697944
TI  - Intoxications in children.

PMID- 13697943
TI  - The care of the skin in the newborn.

PMID- 13697945
TI  - The Bibliographic Service of the Medical Group of the Royal Photographic Society.

PMID- 13697946
TI  - Hypogammaglobulinaemia in chronic lymphatic leukaemia.

PMID- 13697948
TI  - Metabolism in hypothermia.

PMID- 13697947
TI  - The management of the patient with respiratory insufficiency.

PMID- 13697949
TI  - The Toronto General Hospital Respiratory Unit.

PMID- 13697950
TI  - Arginine and pyrimidine biogenesis in Neurospora.
AB  - The growth-promoting activity of propionic acid and related compounds for the
      pyrimidine-less strain, Neurospora crassa 1298, is markedly inhibited by
      arginine. The data suggest that arginine exerts an inhibitory effect upon or
      represses the synthesis of an enzyme involved in pyrimidine formation.

PMID- 13697951
TI  - Clinical studies on the diuretic properties of "salco".

PMID- 13697952
TI  - The influence of atrial size and elasticity on the left atrial pressure tracing.

PMID- 13697953
TI  - The treatment of malaria.

PMID- 13697954
TI  - [Reconstruction of the digital pulp. Autoplastic technic].

PMID- 13697955
TI  - [Vaccinotherapy in melanomas].

PMID- 13697956
TI  - Problems in the origins of the civilizations of India and China.

PMID- 13697957
TI  - Obstetric and social origins of mentally handicapped children.

PMID- 13697958
TI  - Electrophoresis of serum and ascitic and pleural fluids.

PMID- 13697960
TI  - Air pollution from automobile exhaust.

PMID- 13697959
TI  - Report of the Maternity Center Association Clinic, 1952-1958.

PMID- 13697961
TI  - Automotive exhaust control problems.

PMID- 13697962
TI  - [Apropos of 2 familial cases of hypercholesterolemic xanthomatosis].

PMID- 13697963
TI  - [Value of quinidine polygalacturonate in the cure of regulation of complete
      arrhythmia].

PMID- 13697964
TI  - [The piezogram and the regitin test in arterial hypertension].

PMID- 13697965
TI  - [An unusual case of aortic median necrosis. (Spontaneous longitudinal cleavage of
      the aorta)].

PMID- 13697966
TI  - [Constrictive pericarditis of subacute development. Apropos of 5 cases].

PMID- 13697967
TI  - [Apropos of 2 cases of intolerance to heparin].

PMID- 13697968
TI  - [Arteriovenous shunts of the lower extremities apropos of an observation].

PMID- 13697969
TI  - ["Pseudomitral" semeiology of the arterial duct with severe pulmonary
      hypertension].

PMID- 13697971
TI  - [Content of bromine in the blood during roentgenotherapy of adenomas of the
      pituitary and diencephalic syndromes].

PMID- 13697970
TI  - [Arterial hypertension caused by hydronephrosis (pvelo-ureteral stenosis treated
      by pveloplasty)].

PMID- 13697972
TI  - Comments on the cortisone-glucose tolerance test.

PMID- 13697974
TI  - A modified technique for cesarean section.

PMID- 13697973
TI  - The diagnostic value of sodium tolbutamide in hypoglycemic states.

PMID- 13697975
TI  - [Parkinsonism symptoms of the left arm following myocardial infarction].

PMID- 13697976
TI  - [Clinical testing of new drugs. Some general considerations on the cooperation
      between industry and clinics].

PMID- 13697977
TI  - The composition of the alkali-resistant haemoglobin fraction in blood from normal
      human adults.

PMID- 13697978
TI  - Respiratory obstruction.

PMID- 13697979
TI  - [Tinnitus].

PMID- 13697981
TI  - [Milk banks].

PMID- 13697980
TI  - [On the physiopathogenesis of renal acidosis].

PMID- 13697982
TI  - [Professor M. A. Piraja da SILVA (1873-1961)].

PMID- 13697983
TI  - [The blood protein and glycoprotein pattern during primary and secondary syphilis
      (Changes caused by treatment with penicillin and bismuth)].

PMID- 13697984
TI  - [The clinical value of the C-reactive protein test].

PMID- 13697985
TI  - [Unilateral allergic exophthalmus].

PMID- 13697986
TI  - [Clinical studies on liver cirrhosis. X. The bromsulphalein test in liver
      cirrhosis].

PMID- 13697987
TI  - [Collagen diseases].

PMID- 13697988
TI  - [Pulmonary fibrosis as a sequel to antigen-antibody reactions].

PMID- 13697989
TI  - [Sarcoidosis. (Besnier-Boeck-Schaumann disease)].

PMID- 13697990
TI  - [Antipoliomyelitic neutralizing antibodies. Determination in a population group
      of Rosario (Prov. of Santa Fe, Argentine Republic)].

PMID- 13697991
TI  - [Cervical electrocoagulation in the treatment of female sterility and in the
      prevention of cancer of the uterine cervix (Use of a new electrode)].

PMID- 13697992
TI  - A method for determining the oxygen-18 content of orthophosphate or water.

PMID- 13697994
TI  - Inheritance of susceptibility to induced pulmonary tumours in mice.

PMID- 13697995
TI  - The genetics of litter size in mice.

PMID- 13697993
TI  - [Postoperative intestinal atonia and paralysis treated with coenzyme A].

PMID- 13697996
TI  - Cutaneous larva migrans associated with Loeffler's syndrome, report of a case.

PMID- 13697997
TI  - Changes in thyroid activity during growth in the sheep.

PMID- 13697998
TI  - Epilepsy due to small focal temporal lesions with bilateral independent spike
      discharging foci. A study of seven cases relieved by operation.

PMID- 13698000
TI  - Studies on steroidal enol ethers: an attempt to dissociate progestational from
      contraceptive activity in oral gestagens.

PMID- 13697999
TI  - Treatment of encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis (Sturge-Weber disease) by
      hemispherectomy.

PMID- 13698001
TI  - [Unusual complication during extraction of seim-impacted lower wisdom teeth].

PMID- 13698002
TI  - [Catheters made of synthetic materials for prolonged intravenous infusions].

PMID- 13698003
TI  - [In the country of origin of the "artificial kidney"].

PMID- 13698004
TI  - [Clinical aspects and treatment of hydro-mineral imbalance in diseases of the
      digestive tract].

PMID- 13698005
TI  - [Intestinal tuberculosis. Radiological aspects for its diagnosis].

PMID- 13698006
TI  - Some applications and limitations of the enzymic, reducing (Somogyi), and
      anthrone methods for estimating sugars.

PMID- 13698007
TI  - [Special forms of pneumonia in infancy].

PMID- 13698008
TI  - [A case of status epilepticus after largactil poisoning].

PMID- 13698010
TI  - [On the problem of treatment of regional metastases of cancer of the tongue].

PMID- 13698009
TI  - [Analysis of criminal acts among psychopaths and patients with character
      disorders hospitalized during 1945-1955].

PMID- 13698011
TI  - The development of human hypophysis and differentiation of cells of its anterior
      lobe during embryonic life.

PMID- 13698012
TI  - [Aldehyde-fuchsin and its use in histochemistry].

PMID- 13698013
TI  - [On certain characteristics of wallerian degeneration after repeated injuries of
      the nerve trunks].

PMID- 13698014
TI  - [Regeneration of nerve fibers in secondary trauma of the nerve trunks].

PMID- 13698015
TI  - [Certain considerations and observations on the outbreak of the smallpox epidemic
      in Ceylon in 1958].

PMID- 13698016
TI  - [Embryotherapy in pediatrics].

PMID- 13698017
TI  - [Clinical contribution to the treatment of peripheral circulation disorders with
      Complamine].

PMID- 13698018
TI  - [More on the subject of abdominal typhus].

PMID- 13698019
TI  - [On existing familial studies of the Berliner Institut regarding haptoglobin
      types with further as yet unpublished data].

PMID- 13698020
TI  - Uterine prolapse and prolapse of the vaginal vault treated by sacropexy.

PMID- 13698021
TI  - Vesicovaginal and rectovaginal fistulas.

PMID- 13698022
TI  - The steelworkers survey their health services. A preliminary report.

PMID- 13698023
TI  - Chromatography of porphyrins and metalloporphyrins.

PMID- 13698024
TI  - A simple electrode carrier for the rat.

PMID- 13698025
TI  - Specific appetite for NaCl without postingestional repletion.

PMID- 13698026
TI  - Production of polydipsia in normal rats by an intermittent food schedule.
AB  - Marked polydipsia was produced in all animals trained to press a bar for food
      pellets on a 1-minute variableinterval schedule. It is suggested that since this
      feeding arrangement produces a sustained, high fluid intake in the normal,
      unrestrained animal, it might serve as a useful tool in the study of renal
      function.

PMID- 13698027
TI  - Septal stimulation as a reinforcer of and an alternative to consumatory behavior.

PMID- 13698028
TI  - The physiological basis of thirst.

PMID- 13698029
TI  - About radiotherapy in Scandinavia and in other European countries.

PMID- 13698030
TI  - Comprehensive collecting--then and now.

PMID- 13698031
TI  - [Communication of the lacrimal caniculi with the nasal cavity by complete
      exposure and implantation of the lacrimal sac mucosa].

PMID- 13698032
TI  - [Investigations on the origin of the thymus hormone in the tonsil].

PMID- 13698033
TI  - Are induced mutations in Drosophila overdominant? II. Experimental results.

PMID- 13698034
TI  - [Modern chemotherapy of diuresis disorders in childhood].

PMID- 13698035
TI  - [Neuro-allergic complications following a Salk poliomyelitis vaccination].

PMID- 13698036
TI  - [Clinical contributions to the diagnosis and the differential diagnosis of
      chronic idiopathic hypoparathyroidism in childhood].

PMID- 13698037
TI  - [Microcinematographic studies on the formation of giant cells induced by herpes B
      virus in tissue culture. I. Processes at the cell boundary and granule movement].

PMID- 13698038
TI  - [Microcinematographic studies on the formation of giant cells induced by herpes B
      virus in tissue culture. II. Morphological behavior and movement of the nucleus].

PMID- 13698039
TI  - Isolation of two variants with different cytopathic properties from a strain of
      herpes B virus.

PMID- 13698040
TI  - Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.

PMID- 13698042
TI  - [The behavior of globulin fractions in dilutions for rapid syphilis reactions].

PMID- 13698043
TI  - An experimental study of the rate of fracture healing as assessed from the
      tensile strength and Sr85-activity of the callus with special reference to the
      effect of intramedullary nailing.

PMID- 13698045
TI  - Identification of the cells in the endocrine pancreatic tissue of the marine
      teleost Cottus scorpius by some silver impregnation procedures.

PMID- 13698046
TI  - Experimental diabetes research in fish.

PMID- 13698047
TI  - Marine teleosts as experimental animals in diabetes research.

PMID- 13698048
TI  - Office measurement of physical growth.

PMID- 13698049
TI  - Episomic transfer between Salmonella typhosa and Serratia marcescens.

PMID- 13698050
TI  - [The fatty acids of adipose tissue in cadaveral transformative processes].

PMID- 13698051
TI  - [Heart diseases due to non-discontinuous trauma. (Case reports)].

PMID- 13698052
TI  - [Cadaveric changes in normal hemoglobin fractions].

PMID- 13698053
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the post-mortal blood circulation].

PMID- 13698054
TI  - [Demonstration of muscle structure by Galen and the medieval Galenists].

PMID- 13698055
TI  - [On vascular disorders in cysticercosis of the brain].

PMID- 13698057
TI  - [The latex fixation reaction in rheumatismal and non-rheumatismal diseases
      (clinical and serological study)].

PMID- 13698056
TI  - [The latex fixation reaction (L.P.F. II) in rheumatic and non-rheumatic diseases.
      (Clinical and serological study)].

PMID- 13698058
TI  - [Secondary effects and complications of prolonged steroid corticotherapy].

PMID- 13698059
TI  - Effect of rubeola, rubella, varicella, and a viral upper respiratory infection
      upon the severity of childhood asthma: with a note on the role of
      corticosteroids.

PMID- 13698060
TI  - Growth rate of children with intractable asthma. Observations on the influence of
      the illness and its therapy with steroids.

PMID- 13698061
TI  - A graphic from as a progress index of the asthmatic child.

PMID- 13698062
TI  - [The social background and personality pattern in patients developing
      posttraumatic compensation neurosis].

PMID- 13698063
TI  - Traumatic hemobilia.

PMID- 13698064
TI  - Restoration of intestinal continuity after subtotal colectomy for ulcerative
      colitis.

PMID- 13698065
TI  - Electrolyte excretion and hypotensive response.

PMID- 13698066
TI  - Steam penetration into containers for surgical dressings.

PMID- 13698067
TI  - Sterilisation of radium needles and gynaecological applicators.

PMID- 13698068
TI  - Epiglottitis, an acute dangerous airway complication.

PMID- 13698069
TI  - [Acute epiglottitis in children].

PMID- 13698070
TI  - Peptic ulcer in children.

PMID- 13698071
TI  - [Malignant tumors of the small intestine].

PMID- 13698072
TI  - Malabsorption during neomycin administration.

PMID- 13698073
TI  - [Dermoid cyst of the base of the skull and dorsum of the nose].

PMID- 13698074
TI  - [Transmission of sound to the foot plate of the stapes in different types of
      fixation of the chain of ossicles].

PMID- 13698075
TI  - [Value of examination methods in functional diagnosis of injuries of the
      conduction apparatus].

PMID- 13698076
TI  - Transmission of phosphorus-32 incorporated by parents into descendants of
      Drosophila melanogaster.

PMID- 13698077
TI  - A clinicopathologic study of inflammatory urethral fistula.

PMID- 13698078
TI  - [BCG test and its significance in BCG vaccination against tuberculosis].

PMID- 13698079
TI  - [Recent observations on the relation between glyconeogenesis and pantothenic
      acid].

PMID- 13698080
TI  - Studies on maternal activity and agricultural work of the Hakka women in rural
      Taiwan. 2. Menarche and marriage.

PMID- 13698081
TI  - [The pathological anatomy of the pharyngeal tonsil in adenoids].

PMID- 13698082
TI  - [Functional changes of the gastrointestinal system under the action of
      proserine].

PMID- 13698083
TI  - [On the features of the effector generalization and specialization of motor
      reflexes in dogs].

PMID- 13698084
TI  - [Pharmacological characterization of deseril, a serotonin antagonist].

PMID- 13698085
TI  - [The clinical use of hydrochlorothiazide in the therapy of cardiocirculatory
      insufficiency].

PMID- 13698086
TI  - [Electrolyte concentrations in the sweat of children with pancreatic cystic
      fibrosis, Addison's disease and hypophyseal dwarfism].

PMID- 13698088
TI  - Calcium and phosphorus metabolism.

PMID- 13698087
TI  - [Postneonatal meconium ileus in pancreatic cystic fibrosis].

PMID- 13698090
TI  - [Prenatal pathology].

PMID- 13698089
TI  - [Hunger in the world].

PMID- 13698091
TI  - Glandular epithelial cells in the human pars nervosa: histochemistry,
      distribution, classification, and possible clinical significance.

PMID- 13698092
TI  - [Acrodermatitis enteropathica].

PMID- 13698094
TI  - [Some facts about favus in Pskov Gubernia].

PMID- 13698093
TI  - [Occupational dermatoses caused by bakelite glue].

PMID- 13698096
TI  - [Appetite disorders in childhood. Observations relating to the use of isoniazid].

PMID- 13698095
TI  - [Experienced and learning motor vehicle drivers. Examination by a psychometric
      test battery (preliminary note)].

PMID- 13698097
TI  - Cerebral arterial innervations in man.

PMID- 13698098
TI  - [Use of artificial hibernation in the treatment of embolism of the cerebral
      vessels in experimental conditions].

PMID- 13698099
TI  - The salivary gland of Neptunea antiqua.

PMID- 13698100
TI  - Capillaries and arterioles in normal endometrium.

PMID- 13698101
TI  - Carcinoma in situ of the uterine cervix.

PMID- 13698102
TI  - [On primary extragenital tumor multiplicity in genital carcinoma].

PMID- 13698103
TI  - [Anatomo-pathological observations on correlations between diseases of the
      coronary vessels and diseases of the bile ducts].

PMID- 13698104
TI  - [A contribution to the knowledge of congenital ichthyosiform conditions of the
      skin].

PMID- 13698105
TI  - [A survey of dermatoses in the Zrenjanin hat factory. Allergological inquiry].

PMID- 13698106
TI  - [Contribution to the problem of occupational dermatoses in the meat-packing
      industry. Significance of the defense organs (cilia) of cereals in the
      pathogenesis of allergic dermatoses in slaughterhouses)].

PMID- 13698107
TI  - [An interesting case].

PMID- 13698108
TI  - [On tumors of the broad ligament].

PMID- 13698109
TI  - [considerations on primary reticulosarcoma of the testicle. Casuistic
      contribution and collective-critical review].

PMID- 13698110
TI  - [5 cases of anesthesia according to the so-called technic "of peroperative
      protection"].

PMID- 13698111
TI  - [Apropos of the gastroplegic syndrome with alkalosis, hypochloremia and
      hypokalemia].

PMID- 13698112
TI  - [The current so-called technic "of peroperative protection"].

PMID- 13698113
TI  - The origin of spontaneous heteroploids in the progeny of diploid, triploid, and
      tetraploid axolotl females.

PMID- 13698114
TI  - [Animal virus encephalitis].

PMID- 13698115
TI  - [On the causes and significance of insulin resistance].

PMID- 13698116
TI  - [Myxedema coma].

PMID- 13698118
TI  - A correlation of the gross and microscopic studies of cancer of the rectum in
      relation to operative procedures.

PMID- 13698117
TI  - [Surface anesthesia in obstetric practice].

PMID- 13698119
TI  - [Cataract surgery with enzymatic zonulolysis].

PMID- 13698120
TI  - [In memoriam: Professor Dr. Karl LINDNER].

PMID- 13698121
TI  - [The tonography test during the water tolerance test in normal and glaucomatous
      eyes].

PMID- 13698122
TI  - [Fractures of the ankle].

PMID- 13698123
TI  - Sexual recombination in a homothallic, antibiotic producing fungus.
AB  - The presence of a perfect or sexual stage in the fungus Emericellopsis
      salmosynnemata has made possible an investigation of the effect of meiotic
      recombination on yields of antibiotic. While most of the fruiting bodies produced
      by this organism are the result of selffertilization, conclusive evidence of
      cross-fertilization and recombination between two mutants was obtained. Cross
      fertilization occurred rarely.

PMID- 13698125
TI  - [Modifications induced by the administration of thiouracil on experimental
      hypertrophy of the albino rat heart].

PMID- 13698124
TI  - [Morpho-functional changes in the hypothalamic nuclei following various stimuli,
      V. Morphological changes observed in the nuclei of the tuber following cold
      stress and following treatment with thyroxin and methylthiouracil].

PMID- 13698126
TI  - [Morpho-functional changes in the hypothalamic nuclei following various stimuli.
      I. Morphological changes observed in the supraoptic, paraventricular and tuberal
      nuclei following water overload and cold stress in the white rat].

PMID- 13698127
TI  - [Morpho-functional changes in the hypothalamic nuclei following various stimuli.
      IV. Morphological changes observed in the supraoptic, paraventricular, tuberal
      and premammillary nuclei following castration].

PMID- 13698128
TI  - [Bigeminal rhythm due to sinusal extrasystoles].

PMID- 13698129
TI  - Casework in lower class districts.

PMID- 13698130
TI  - Ocular refractive characteristics in cerebral palsy.

PMID- 13698131
TI  - Repair of cardiac defect in patient with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and deficiency of
      Hageman factor.

PMID- 13698133
TI  - Current views on blood coagulation and haemorrhagic disorders.

PMID- 13698132
TI  - Blood coagulation problems in openheart surgery.

PMID- 13698134
TI  - The acid mucopolysaccharides.

PMID- 13698135
TI  - [Variations of sideremia and transferrinemia in women with tuberculosis during
      pregnancy].

PMID- 13698136
TI  - [Our results on the use of micoren].

PMID- 13698137
TI  - [Discharges in adults. Special diagnosis, technic of sampling and documentation].

PMID- 13698138
TI  - The origin of form perception.

PMID- 13698139
TI  - [Koch's postulates in virology].

PMID- 13698140
TI  - [The postulates of Koch in virology].

PMID- 13698141
TI  - Contribution on facilitating implantation of chipped cartilage and bone into
      cavities.

PMID- 13698142
TI  - [Apparatus for the implantation of cartilage and bone fragments into the cavity].

PMID- 13698143
TI  - [Unusual localization of desmoid of traumatic etiology].

PMID- 13698144
TI  - The clinical clerkship in Brazil.

PMID- 13698145
TI  - [Truncus arteriosus communis: anatomo-functional aspects and problems of
      differential diagnosis].

PMID- 13698146
TI  - [Protection of health of mothers and children in the Azerbaidzhan SSR].

PMID- 13698147
TI  - [Intracranial hypertension in adults].

PMID- 13698148
TI  - [Lumbar puncture].

PMID- 13698149
TI  - Specific inhibition of wheal-and-erythema responses with univalent haptens and
      univalent antibody fragments.
AB  - Wheal-and-erythema responses were studied in normal human volunteers and in a
      single human subject who is sensitive to the 2,4-dinitrophenyl group. In the
      normal subjects, reactive skin sites were established by intradermal injection of
      purified rabbit antibody specific for the 2,4-dinitrophenyl group. In both the
      active and passively sensitized subjects, wheal-and-erythema was elicited by
      intradermal injection of a 2,4-dinitrophenyl protein, but not by injection of the
      same conjugate mixed with certain low molecular weight 2,4-dinitrophenyl haptens
      or with univalent fragments split by papain from anti-2,4-dinitrophenyl antibody.
      The latter fragments, unlike intact, bivalent, antibody, do not sensitize normal
      human skin sites. From these and other observations it is concluded that the
      wheal-and-erythema response in human skin requires mutually multivalent antigen
      and antibody. This requirement suggests that multimolecular complexes, containing
      at least 2 antigen and 2 antibody molecules, are essential in the pathogenesis of
      this allergic response.

PMID- 13698151
TI  - [Ureteral plasty for sub-pyelic segmental ureteritis].

PMID- 13698150
TI  - The preparation and some properties of purified antibody specific for the 2,4
      dinitrophenyl group.
AB  - Injection of rabbits with Freund's complete adjuvant containing bovine gamma
      globulin substituted to near saturation with dinitrophenyl groups leads to the
      production of large amounts of antibodies specific for the 2,4-dinitrophenyl
      substituent. These antibodies can be isolated from sera in satisfactory yield (40
      per cent) and in a high state of purity (90 per cent specifically precipitable).
      Hapten dissolution, which was used to screen haptens for their potential
      usefulness as specific reagents in the purification procedure, provides a means
      for evaluating, in relative terms, antibody-hapten affinities (in competition
      with antigen).

PMID- 13698152
TI  - [Group poisoning affecting 10,000 cases caused by an oil containing cresyl
      phosphates].

PMID- 13698153
TI  - [On the toxicological determination of meprobamate by means of absorption
      chromatography on chromatoplates of silica gel].

PMID- 13698154
TI  - Further experiences with chlordiazepoxide in a psychiatric practice.

PMID- 13698155
TI  - Variations in the natural history of psoriasis.
AB  - Latent psoriasis is a state which exists before the development of clinical
      psoriasis and wherein probably some as yet undiscovered defect exists.
      Investigation concerning a group of persons with latent psoriasis might disclose
      basic aberrations. The natural course of psoriasis may be altered by therapy.
      Folic acid antagonists and intradermal corticosteroids may at times eclipse
      psoriatic lesions. Oral adrenal corticosteroids may prove morbidistatic but on
      discontinuance a rebound flare may occur which is both protracted and
      recalcitrant. Antimalarial agents when employed as therapy for coexistent
      arthridites may cause psoriasis to become more severe. The Goeckerman regimen
      which employs topical tar and ultraviolet light therapy produces in some 75 per
      cent of patients a prolonged remission. As it is safe and repeatable it is
      favored for the usual severe case of psoriasis. Psoriasis therapy is better
      assessed by considering its effect on the natural evolution of the disease.

PMID- 13698157
TI  - Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia.

PMID- 13698156
TI  - [A case of rupture of the aortic arch in closed trauma of the thorax].

PMID- 13698158
TI  - [On the problem of the treatment of lumbosacral radiculitis by epidural infusions
      of vitamin B12].

PMID- 13698159
TI  - [Vitamin B12 in the clinical treatment of diseases of the nervous system. (Review
      of the foreign literature)].

PMID- 13698160
TI  - Clinical studies on actinomycin D with special reference to Wilms' tumor in
      children.

PMID- 13698161
TI  - Current clinical and experimental studies in cancer chemotherapy.

PMID- 13698162
TI  - New developments in chemotherapy and the care of the cancer patient.

PMID- 13698163
TI  - Clinical appraisal of pulmonary cytology.

PMID- 13698164
TI  - [On the problem of the combination of leukemias with neoplastic processes].

PMID- 13698166
TI  - [Data obtained from an anatomopathological examination of the skeletal muscles in
      myasthenia].

PMID- 13698165
TI  - Use of a new intestinal motility inhibitor for treatment of diarrhea in children.

PMID- 13698167
TI  - [Technic and results of the study of motor plates in the pathology of skeletal
      muscle].

PMID- 13698168
TI  - Catecholamine content of the arterial walls in experimental hypertension.

PMID- 13698169
TI  - [Epinephrine and norepinephrine content in the arterial wall in pathological
      conditions].

PMID- 13698170
TI  - [Behavior of various steroids on florisil-adsorbing resins].

PMID- 13698171
TI  - Congenital multiple arthrogryposis.

PMID- 13698172
TI  - Pseudoneurotic schizophrenia in childhood.

PMID- 13698173
TI  - [New case of ornithosis with relapse].

PMID- 13698174
TI  - [Ion-exchange resins].

PMID- 13698175
TI  - Dynamics of changes in carbon dioxide stores.

PMID- 13698176
TI  - [Action of sulfonamide on the synthesis of bacterial proteins].

PMID- 13698177
TI  - [Therapeutic trial of didrothenat and bepanthen in a rural outbreak of a
      diphtheria epidemic. Some clinical findings for a study of anti-diphtheria
      therapy].

PMID- 13698178
TI  - [Tropical nosology and the Hospital do Ultramar].

PMID- 13698179
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of an antiemetic].

PMID- 13698180
TI  - [Cancer of the breast. Surgical and radiotherapeutic problem].

PMID- 13698181
TI  - Tumours of the mucous glands of the upper respiratory tract and oral cavity.

PMID- 13698182
TI  - Antibiotic treatment of acute brucellosis caused by Brucella melitensis.

PMID- 13698183
TI  - [Surgical treatment of talipes equinus by shortening of the gastrocnemii].

PMID- 13698184
TI  - [The role of the physician in the rehabilitation of the crippled].

PMID- 13698185
TI  - [Contribution to the study of intraventricular blocks. I. Clinico-statistical
      considerations on a study of the cases of 20,000 subjects].

PMID- 13698187
TI  - [Clinico-statistical considerations on the polycystic kidney].

PMID- 13698186
TI  - [Observations on the behavior of the oximetric level during muscular work in
      chronic bronchopneumopathic subjects].

PMID- 13698188
TI  - [Considerations on the treatment of carcinoma of the prostate with special
      reference to hormonal therapy and clinicostatistical observations in 231 cases].

PMID- 13698189
TI  - [Contribution to the knowledge of the cervicotrigonal cystopathy in the woman.
      (Clinical study on 114 cases)].

PMID- 13698190
TI  - [Modifications of the urinary tract in pregnancy].

PMID- 13698191
TI  - [Xerophthalmia. Surgical treatment by transplant of the parotid duct].

PMID- 13698192
TI  - [Traumatic amputation of the ear. (Otoneoplasty with recovery of the cartilage of
      the amputed auricle)].

PMID- 13698193
TI  - [Traumatic amputation of the ear. Otoneoplasty with use of the cartilage of the
      amputated auricle].

PMID- 13698194
TI  - [Surgical treatment of hypospadias].

PMID- 13698195
TI  - [Comparative advantages of frontal flaps and nasogenial in the substitution of
      nasal substance].

PMID- 13698196
TI  - Pharyngoneoplasty.

PMID- 13698197
TI  - [Apropos of the intolerance to alcoholic beverages of diabetics during
      chlorpropamide treatment: hypoglycemic effect of the drug administered together
      with ethanol].

PMID- 13698198
TI  - [Relations between Raynaud's disease and scleroderma in the framework of
      immunological research].

PMID- 13698199
TI  - [Experiments of partial roentgen-irradiation of the guinea pig. Survival and
      mechanisms of death in relation to the irradiated corporeal segment and to dose
      volume].

PMID- 13698200
TI  - [Radioactive isotopes: biological damage and occupational risks].

PMID- 13698202
TI  - The incidence of ancylostomiasis in Iraq.

PMID- 13698201
TI  - [Facial paralysis "a frigore". Surgical decompression in those cases which are
      not improved by medical therapy].

PMID- 13698203
TI  - [Hibernation and infectious diseases].

PMID- 13698204
TI  - [On the clinical aspects and therapy of polioencephalitis].

PMID- 13698205
TI  - [On a case of Weber-Christian panniculitis with simultaneous aortic arch
      syndrome].

PMID- 13698206
TI  - Neurological sequelae of Salk vaccination.

PMID- 13698207
TI  - [Neurological complications after Salk vaccination].

PMID- 13698208
TI  - Role of oxidative metabolism in the localization of plant viruses.

PMID- 13698209
TI  - [Evaluation of various anesthetic methods].

PMID- 13698210
TI  - [Tuberculous cholecystitis].

PMID- 13698211
TI  - [New chemical preparations active against endothrix which make therapy of fungus
      disease of the scalp possible without epilation].

PMID- 13698212
TI  - [Complications after tubular plastic surgery on the foot].

PMID- 13698213
TI  - [Evaluation of the fluid substitution method on the basis of data from dysenteric
      infants].

PMID- 13698214
TI  - [Cholecystitis tuberculosa].

PMID- 13698215
TI  - The effect of plasma on glucose uptake of isolated rat lenses.

PMID- 13698216
TI  - Glucose uptake and utilization of isolated lenses from normal and diabetic rats
      following insulin injection.

PMID- 13698217
TI  - Effect of anaerobiosis on the emergence of streptomycin-resistant bacteria.

PMID- 13698218
TI  - [Pseudotumors in children (Benign intracranial hypertension)].

PMID- 13698219
TI  - Role of the team physician in prevention and treatment of athletic injuries.

PMID- 13698221
TI  - Malnutrition as an ecological problem.

PMID- 13698220
TI  - Modern concepts of inflammations of the prostate.

PMID- 13698222
TI  - A note on the antidiuretic effect of small amounts of isoprenaline in rats.

PMID- 13698223
TI  - The effect of small subcutaneous doses of adrenaline and isoprenaline on the
      excretion of water and isotonic solutions of sodium and potassium chloride by
      rats.

PMID- 13698224
TI  - Automated programming for multinomial distribution problems on the IBM 650.

PMID- 13698225
TI  - Orf: an occupational disease in Minnesota.

PMID- 13698226
TI  - The early directors of the medical services of the American Revolutionary Army.

PMID- 13698227
TI  - The first year's experience with dental insurance: dental care coverage
      administered by an insurance company.

PMID- 13698228
TI  - Cryoglobulinemia. Report of twelve cases with bone marrow findings.

PMID- 13698229
TI  - Raynaud's disease with sclerodactylia. A follow-up study of seventy-one patients.

PMID- 13698230
TI  - An evaluation of some of the factors which are responsible for the colonization
      of the nursery area with Staphylococcus pyogenes.

PMID- 13698231
TI  - Idiopathic recurrent rhabdomyolysis associated with myoglobinuria: report of a
      case.

PMID- 13698232
TI  - The plasma 17-hydroxycorticosteroid response to corticotropin. SU-4885 and
      lipopolysaccharide pyrogen.

PMID- 13698234
TI  - [Apropos of a case of angioid streaks].

PMID- 13698233
TI  - Sulphinpyrazone in the treatment of gout.

PMID- 13698235
TI  - [Inflammation and ocular infection of marine origin].

PMID- 13698236
TI  - The day hospital in Great Britain.

PMID- 13698237
TI  - [Studies on the effect of pharmacological agents on animals of different age.
      III. Modification of appetite by amphetamine (Benzedrine) and Preludin in rats of
      different age].

PMID- 13698238
TI  - [Studies on the effect of pharmacological agents on animals of different age. IV.
      The effect of Ritalin and Regitine on young and old rats].

PMID- 13698239
TI  - A comparison of the effect of long daily photoperiods on the pattern of energy
      storage in migratory and nonmigratory finches.

PMID- 13698240
TI  - Comparative physiology: photoperiodicity.

PMID- 13698241
TI  - Observations on leukemic marrow explants in well cultures.

PMID- 13698243
TI  - Androgen of prostate biosynthetic reactions.

PMID- 13698242
TI  - F-cells values in the normal and splenectomized cat: relation of F-cells to body
      size.

PMID- 13698244
TI  - [Saponins and sapogenins. VI. On the sapogeninic acid (acacinic acid) isolated
      from Acacia intsia Willd].

PMID- 13698245
TI  - [Saponins and sapogenins. VIII. Isolation of a new triterpene alcohol, acaciol,
      from Acacia intsia Willd].

PMID- 13698246
TI  - [On the constituents of the seeds of Coriandrum sativum (L.)].

PMID- 13698247
TI  - Plasma fibrinolysis in man: the effect of chylomicrons derived from different
      dietary fats.
AB  - The plasma fibrinolytic activity, measured in vitro, of 17 healthy normal young
      males was consistently and equally inhibited by prior ingestion of equal amounts
      of either a relatively saturated animal fat (butterfat) or a highly unsaturated
      vegetable fat (safflower oil). This effect was further studied by the addition of
      purified chylomicrons derived from ingestion of either butterfat, safflower oil,
      or egg yolk to an in vitro system. The inhibitory effect was quantitatively
      similar in all experiments despite wide variations in composition of the fed fat
      and pronounced differences in fatty acid composition of the lipids of the
      chylomicrons. It seems reasonable to suggest from our data that the proteins and
      the nonfatty acid portions of the chylomicron phospholipids may be important
      determinants of the inhibitory effect of chylomicrons on fibrinolysis.

PMID- 13698248
TI  - Equipment for intravenous fluid therapy of children.

PMID- 13698250
TI  - Fine structure and function in capillaries of the anterior pituitary gland.

PMID- 13698249
TI  - Glomerular permeability. I. Ferritin transfer across the normal glomerular
      capillary wall.
AB  - Ferritin was used as a tracer to investigate pathways and mechanisms for transfer
      across the various layers of the glomerular capillary wall. Kidney tissue, fixed
      at intervals of 2 minutes to 2 hours following an intravenous injection of
      ferritin, was examined by electron microscopy. The observations confirmed the
      existence of three distinct and successive layers in the glomerular capillary
      wall (the endothelium, the basement membrane, and the visceral epithelium). In
      addition, they demonstrated a number of new structural features: namely (a)
      discrete fibrils in the subendothelial spaces; (b) a characteristic, highly
      elaborate, cytoplasmic organization in the visceral epithelium; and (c) special
      structures resembling "desmosomes" in the slits between foot processes. In
      animals sacrificed at short time intervals (2 to 15 minutes) following ferritin
      administration, ferritin molecules were found at high concentration in the lumen
      and endothelial fenestrae, at low concentration in the basement membrane, and in
      very small numbers within the epithelium. Later (1 to 2 hours), the tracer
      particles were still present in the lumen and within endothelial fenestrae, and,
      in addition, had accumulated on the luminal side of the basement membrane,
      especially in the axial regions of the vessels. Larger numbers of ferritin
      molecules were also found in the epithelium-in invaginations of the cell membrane
      at the base of the foot processes, and in various membrane-limited bodies
      (vesicles, multivesicular bodies, vacuoles, and dense bodies) present within the
      cytoplasm. These observations suggest that the endothelial fenestrae are patent
      and that the basement membrane is the main filtration barrier. Since the basement
      membrane has no demonstrable pores, it is probably not a simple sieve but
      presumably is a gel-like structure with two fine fibrillar components embedded in
      an amorphous matrix. Both the epithelium and endothelium may be concerned with
      building and maintaining this structure. Finally, the intracellular accumulation
      of particles in the epithelium suggests that the latter acts as a monitor that
      recovers, at least in part, the small amounts of protein which normally leak
      through the filter.

PMID- 13698251
TI  - Origin and fate of secretory granules in cells of the anterior pituitary gland.

PMID- 13698252
TI  - Alveolar soft part sarcoma.

PMID- 13698253
TI  - Science and medicine in Russia.

PMID- 13698254
TI  - The physician's responsibility in medical research.

PMID- 13698255
TI  - Effect of thermal neutrons on central nervous system. Apparent tolerance of
      central nervous system structures in man.

PMID- 13698257
TI  - Technology, basic science and clinical medicine in the atomic age.

PMID- 13698256
TI  - Educational concepts in nuclear medicine--present and future.

PMID- 13698258
TI  - Amerodiscosiella, a new genus of the Lepto-stromataceae from Cambodia.

PMID- 13698259
TI  - Further observations on survival of the protozoan parasite, Histomonas
      meleagridis, and eggs of poultry nematodes in feces of infected birdes.

PMID- 13698260
TI  - The binding capacity of tuberculous and nontuberculous human serum for I-131
      labeled extracts from tubercle bacilli.

PMID- 13698261
TI  - The effect of antigen concentration on the initiation of detectable antibody
      synthesis in rabbits.

PMID- 13698262
TI  - The cause of death and the physiological responses in anesthetized dogs during
      exposures to an aerosol of CS.

PMID- 13698263
TI  - Equilateral distribution of ovarian tumors.

PMID- 13698264
TI  - Bilateral Brenner tumors of the ovary.

PMID- 13698265
TI  - Benign tumors of the uterine cervix.

PMID- 13698266
TI  - Use of a digital computer in the analysis of intestinal motility records.

PMID- 13698267
TI  - Symposium on psychoanalysis and validation. II. On the character of psychodynamic
      discourse.

PMID- 13698268
TI  - Adrenglomerulotropin.

PMID- 13698269
TI  - Neurol control of endocrine function.

PMID- 13698270
TI  - Endometrioma of the rectosigmoid.

PMID- 13698271
TI  - Blastomycosis of sacro-coccygeal area: report of a case.

PMID- 13698272
TI  - A comparative study of bunamiodyl (Orabilex) and iopanoic acid (Telepaque): a
      clinical report on 200 cases.

PMID- 13698273
TI  - Delayed postoperative anorectal hemorrhage.

PMID- 13698274
TI  - An epidemic of staphylococcal infections in a mental hospital.

PMID- 13698275
TI  - [The systematics of hyperbilirubinemias. Present classification of jaundice
      according to its pathomechanism].

PMID- 13698276
TI  - [The earthquake of Agadir. Recollections].

PMID- 13698277
TI  - Prediction of speech hearing loss for older industrial workers.

PMID- 13698278
TI  - Control of hospital infections.

PMID- 13698279
TI  - Swimming pool granuloma.

PMID- 13698280
TI  - Cartilage knife for removal of longitudinal cartilage wedges.

PMID- 13698282
TI  - The management of facial injuries. I.

PMID- 13698281
TI  - Cervicofacial congenital anomalies.

PMID- 13698283
TI  - The management of facial injuries. II.

PMID- 13698284
TI  - The characteristics of the two parts of the partitioned ejaculate and the
      advantages of its use for intrauterine insemination. A study of 100 ejaculates.

PMID- 13698285
TI  - [Clinical and histological observations on dermatosis caused by glass fibers].

PMID- 13698286
TI  - [Cutaneous changes caused by the wearing of an anti-dust mask].

PMID- 13698287
TI  - [On cutaneous mycoses in workers of an urban bus firm].

PMID- 13698288
TI  - Harmonic analysis of aortic pressure pulses in the dog.

PMID- 13698289
TI  - Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis at Point Barrow, Alaska.

PMID- 13698290
TI  - The catabolism of 131I-labelled homologous gamma-globulin in normal, hyperthyroid
      and hypothyroid rats.

PMID- 13698291
TI  - The influence of the thyroid gland on the catabolism of 131I-labelled homologous
      gamma-globulin in the guinea-pig.

PMID- 13698293
TI  - Levator resection for minimal ptosis: another simplified operation.

PMID- 13698292
TI  - Vaccinia of the eyelids and cornea -- description of a case with virus isolation.

PMID- 13698294
TI  - Advances in ophthalmology in the last 25 years.

PMID- 13698295
TI  - [Cruveilhier-baumgarten disease].

PMID- 13698296
TI  - [Endocavitary aspiration in caverns in the residual lobe following lobectomy].

PMID- 13698297
TI  - [Observations on traumatic thrombosis of the internal carotid artery].

PMID- 13698298
TI  - [Radiological study of a case of cerebral pseudotumor].

PMID- 13698299
TI  - [Observations on the pre- and post-operative clinical evolution of 30 cases of
      non-traumatic compression of the cervical spinal cord].

PMID- 13698300
TI  - Angiotensin, bradykinin and substance "V".

PMID- 13698301
TI  - [Spectrofluorimetric study of pyridoxamine phosphate, pyridoxal phosphate and
      their derivatives].

PMID- 13698302
TI  - [Carboxymethylation of sulfhydryl groups in chymotrypsin and chymotrypsinogen
      after splitting of the disulfide bridges by sodium borohydride].

PMID- 13698303
TI  - [Denaturation of proteins].

PMID- 13698304
TI  - [Hypoproteinemia of high grade and anasarca caused by chronic gastropathy with
      giant hypertrophy of the mucosa and loss of plasmatic proteins into the gastric
      lumen].

PMID- 13698305
TI  - [The salmonellosses].

PMID- 13698306
TI  - [Significance of general view radiograms (plain film) of the lumbar spine and
      abrodil myelography in lumbar intervertebral disk prolapse].

PMID- 13698307
TI  - [Alveolar myoblastic sarcoma of the skeletal musculature].

PMID- 13698308
TI  - [The significance of endotoxins for rheumatic tissue damage].

PMID- 13698309
TI  - [Analysis of extracts of Atractylis gummifera L. III. Chromatographic separation
      and identification of the sugars in the rhizome].

PMID- 13698310
TI  - [Analysis of extracts of Atractylis gummifera L. IV. Chromatographic research on
      the pigments in the rhizome].

PMID- 13698311
TI  - [Analysis of extracts of Atractylis gummifera L. II. Colorimetric determination
      of potassium atractylate and atractyligenin].

PMID- 13698313
TI  - [Allergic ileopathy].

PMID- 13698312
TI  - [Evaluation of injectable prochlorperazine in the treatment of postoperative
      vomitting].

PMID- 13698314
TI  - [On 4 cases of cancer of the gastric fundus].

PMID- 13698315
TI  - [Electron microscopic research on the human cervix carcinomas and their
      stromata].

PMID- 13698316
TI  - [Histochemical studies on the pathogenesis of mixed salivary gland tumors].

PMID- 13698317
TI  - [On the origin of inflammation cells].

PMID- 13698318
TI  - [Treatment of chronic osteomyelitis by intra-focal administration of antibiotics
      with trypsin].

PMID- 13698319
TI  - [The effect of Cs-137 on the human organism].

PMID- 13698320
TI  - [Initial reactions of the human organism to the action of ionizing radiations].

PMID- 13698321
TI  - [A method for radioisotope thyroid function tests in man].

PMID- 13698322
TI  - Location of the non-linearity in horizontal cell response to retinal
      illumination.

PMID- 13698323
TI  - [On the reaction of precipitation with antigen from the myocardium in myocardial
      infarct and other diseases].

PMID- 13698324
TI  - Program goals in health service for the aging and older person.

PMID- 13698325
TI  - [The glycolytic enzymes of the erythrocytes in carbon monoxide poisoning. III.
      The behavior of erythrocytic phosphoglucomutase in acute carbon monoxide
      poisoning].

PMID- 13698327
TI  - Isolation of Histoplasma capsulatum from lymph nodes of spontaneously infected
      dogs.

PMID- 13698326
TI  - Factors which effect release of pepsinogen granuloes from gastric tubules.

PMID- 13698328
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the development of convulsions in the child].

PMID- 13698329
TI  - [Dissociation between pupillo-motor function and sensorial function caused by
      traumatic lesion of the optic nerve. (Considerations on a clinical case)].

PMID- 13698330
TI  - Carcinosarcoma of the renal pelvis.

PMID- 13698331
TI  - [The rol the Secretary-Administrator in a regional anticancer center].

PMID- 13698332
TI  - [On a case of Escherichia coli meningitis with encephalitic symptoms in an
      adult].

PMID- 13698333
TI  - [Ligation of the internal mammary artery in the therapy of coronary
      insufficiency].

PMID- 13698334
TI  - [Aconite. II. Distribution of alkaloids in plants of various origins. Qualitative
      study].

PMID- 13698335
TI  - [Aconite. III. Distribution of alkaloids in plants of various origins.
      Quantitative study. Toxicity].

PMID- 13698336
TI  - [Densitometric evaluation of aesculoside and fraxoside after paper
      electrophoresis].

PMID- 13698337
TI  - [Familial appearance of infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffey-Silverman
      syndrome)].

PMID- 13698338
TI  - Effects of phenylalanine deprivation on maze performance and activity.

PMID- 13698339
TI  - The polarographic determination of selenium in urine.

PMID- 13698340
TI  - Organisation of general practice.

PMID- 13698342
TI  - Virus infections of current interest. A review.

PMID- 13698341
TI  - Studies on protein and nucleic acid metabolism in virus-infected mammalian cells.
      2. The isolation, crystallization and chemical characterization of mouse
      encephalomyocarditis virus.

PMID- 13698343
TI  - The determination of blood ammonium by a modification of the Conway technic.

PMID- 13698344
TI  - [Indications and contra-indications of corticotherapy in rheumatology].

PMID- 13698345
TI  - [Neuropsychiatry and corticotherapy. Neurological accidents].

PMID- 13698346
TI  - [Epidural analgesia with a single injection in labor].

PMID- 13698347
TI  - [Action of epidural analgesia on uterine contractility].

PMID- 13698349
TI  - [Research on lambliasis].

PMID- 13698348
TI  - [Contribution to the study of some complications of corticotherapy].

PMID- 13698350
TI  - [Caudocranial oblique angle for the radiological examination of the malar bone].

PMID- 13698351
TI  - [Radiological and clinical considerations on maxillary adamantinomas].

PMID- 13698352
TI  - [Description of 4 new species and of a new subspecies of Trombiculides in French
      Guiana].

PMID- 13698353
TI  - [Note on the morphology of Phlebotomus brachipygus, P. campbell, P. carvalhoi, P.
      fariasi, P. tuberculatus (Diptera: Psychodidae), described for the 1st time in
      Guiana].

PMID- 13698354
TI  - [Principles of work and occupational therapy in a mental hospital].

PMID- 13698355
TI  - [Apropos of the radiological diagnosis of ischio-pubic osteochondritis].

PMID- 13698356
TI  - [The Calve type of vertebra plana. Radiological and etiological study (apropos of
      19 cases)].

PMID- 13698357
TI  - [Disorders of glycoregulation during hepatitis and cirrhosis treated by delta
      cortisone].

PMID- 13698359
TI  - [A peculiar clinical correlatin of rolandic spike-waves without focal
      significance].

PMID- 13698358
TI  - [Influence of the antidiuretic hormone on the electroencephalogram of the awake
      unrestrained rabbit].

PMID- 13698360
TI  - [Electro-encephalographic effects of acute fluidal inflation and of progressive
      loading with aldosterone in the rabbit].

PMID- 13698361
TI  - [The electrical activity of the brain, Influence of hormonal and mentabolic
      agents].

PMID- 13698362
TI  - [Histiomonocytic reticulosis discovered in the immediate postpartum period].

PMID- 13698363
TI  - [Methergine in intravenous perfusion in treatments of hemrrhages in delivery].

PMID- 13698364
TI  - [Antigenic composition of Treponema. III. Wassermann's lipid antigen].

PMID- 13698365
TI  - [Morphogenesis and physiology of ciliation].

PMID- 13698366
TI  - Formation and maintenance of an isolated, vagally innervated gastric pouch in the
      monkey.

PMID- 13698368
TI  - Human isosporosis in the Western Hemisphere.

PMID- 13698367
TI  - Quantitative acid secretory studies in monkey isolated gastric pouches during
      hypoglycemic stress.

PMID- 13698369
TI  - Parasitological surveys in Cali, Departamento del Valle, Colombia. 6.
      Strongyloidiasis in Barrio Siloe, Cali, Colombia.

PMID- 13698370
TI  - [Lung abscess and therapy with adrenal cortex hormones].

PMID- 13698371
TI  - Enrichment and cultivation of Beggiatoa alba.

PMID- 13698372
TI  - Acne vulgaris: a new astringent complex.

PMID- 13698373
TI  - Permeability studies on the red blood cell of the ground-hog, Marmota monax.

PMID- 13698374
TI  - Monosaccharide penetration into human red blood cells by an altered diffusion
      mechanism.

PMID- 13698375
TI  - [Apropos of a case of vulvo-genital thrombosis].

PMID- 13698376
TI  - [On the "complex" treatment of coronary infarct].

PMID- 13698377
TI  - [Metachromasia with toluidine blue in Artemia salina eggs. I. Aspect,
      distribution and origin of the chromotropic M granules].

PMID- 13698378
TI  - [The antimitotic action of adrenocortical steroids on the pancreas in organ-type
      culture].

PMID- 13698379
TI  - [A rest of cellular activity at the level of the endocrine glands; variations of
      the average D.N.A. content of the nuclei].

PMID- 13698380
TI  - [The morphology of the normal ileum].

PMID- 13698381
TI  - [Variations in the desoxyribonucleic acid content of the nucleus as a function of
      cell activity].

PMID- 13698382
TI  - [Polyglobulia and primary cancer of the liver].

PMID- 13698384
TI  - [Hepatic scintillography by the radioactive colloidal gold technic].

PMID- 13698383
TI  - [Management and results of treatment of polyglobulia by radiophosphorus-32, Study
      of 200 cases].

PMID- 13698385
TI  - [The use of radioactive isotopes in medical diagnosis].

PMID- 13698386
TI  - [Myoma of the uterus. Operative treatment].

PMID- 13698387
TI  - [Spontaneous cures, regressions and remissions of cancers].

PMID- 13698388
TI  - [Cancer and intercurrent diseases].

PMID- 13698389
TI  - [Cortisone derivatives in the treatment of cancer and of malignant
      lymphogranulomatosis].

PMID- 13698390
TI  - [Cancerous metastases].

PMID- 13698391
TI  - [On the factors favoring or inducing bronchial cancer].

PMID- 13698392
TI  - [The psychology of cancer patients].

PMID- 13698393
TI  - [The treatment of incurable cancers].

PMID- 13698394
TI  - [Transfusion of the anesthetized patient].

PMID- 13698395
TI  - [Evaluation of cerebral circulatory function in apparently normal aged subject].

PMID- 13698396
TI  - [Induction of deep sleep in the cat by means of electrical stimulation of the
      reticular substance of the brain stem].

PMID- 13698397
TI  - [Diencephalic problems as seen by the ophthalmologist].

PMID- 13698398
TI  - [Research on the synthesis of fats from acetate or from glucose. 10. The
      utilization of 1-C14 or 2-C14 propionate in the formation of dicarboxylic
      compounds].

PMID- 13698400
TI  - [Guttman factorial methods].

PMID- 13698399
TI  - [Cerebral edema as one of the main causes of early infant mortality].

PMID- 13698401
TI  - [Fracture of the coracoid process].

PMID- 13698402
TI  - [On lymphoepithelioma of the thymus].

PMID- 13698403
TI  - [Apropos of an angiomatous complex of cavernous type of a lower extremity on the
      site of multiple congenital arteriovenous fistulas with cutaneous nervus and
      osteohypertrophy].

PMID- 13698404
TI  - [Unusual clinico-radiological pictures of osteodysplastic hemangiectasis].

PMID- 13698405
TI  - [Effect of viral hepatitis on the acetylating activity of the liver].

PMID- 13698406
TI  - [Effect of an antitoxin, administered for a month, on the course of cavitary
      pulmonary tuberculosis presently refractory to antibacterial drugs. Contribution
      to the use of oxynhyles (stimulative substances)].

PMID- 13698408
TI  - [Value of a silicone gum in the motor retraining of certain paralytics].

PMID- 13698407
TI  - [Effect of a lipopolysaccharide extract of salmonella abortus equi on the
      radiological course of cavernous tuberculosis resistant to antibiotics].

PMID- 13698409
TI  - [2 years of activities according to a special report on releases from the
      Ospedale Neuropsichiatrico of Volterra: comparative study on releases and re
      admissions prior to and after the establishment of the same report].

PMID- 13698410
TI  - [The teaching of pathology with a view to the development of preventive
      medicine].

PMID- 13698412
TI  - [On the problem of intra-trunk structure of the peripheral nervous system (review
      of the literature)].

PMID- 13698411
TI  - [5 more atypical cases of salmonellosis].

PMID- 13698413
TI  - Mechanisms of host tolerance and intolerance.

PMID- 13698414
TI  - Response of the connective tissue and the local immune reaction in the kidney as
      related to pyelonephritis.

PMID- 13698415
TI  - [Neuroses of failure at 50 years of age].

PMID- 13698416
TI  - [Apropos of some cases of radiodermatitis in "workers who apply radium"].

PMID- 13698417
TI  - ["Myopic" degeneration of the vitreous body and emmetropia].

PMID- 13698418
TI  - [Hole in the macula and retinal detachment].

PMID- 13698420
TI  - [Free perforation of duodenal ulcer after radiological verification].

PMID- 13698419
TI  - [Experimental study on reconstruction of the vas deferens].

PMID- 13698421
TI  - The effect of adrenaline and noradrenaline on the metabolism and performance of
      the isolated dog heart.
AB  - In 16 dog heart-lung preparations modified to permit a more accurate measurement
      of coronary flow, adrenaline or noradrenaline was infused at a rate of 4 mug.
      base/min. After a 30-min. pause during which the increased oxygen consumption and
      heart rate, but not the coronary flow, returned to pre-infusion levels, the other
      sympathomimetic amine was infused for the same length of time. It was found that,
      mole per mole, noradrenaline is as effective, and probably more so, than
      adrenaline in raising the oxygen consumption of the heart-lung preparation. The
      positive chronotropic and coronary dilating action of both amines appear to be
      equal. It was observed that in any one experiment the second dose of the
      sympathomimetic amine was slightly more effective than the first dose in raising
      the oxygen consumption. The level of high-energy phosphorus compounds does not
      change after adrenaline or noradrenaline administration even at the time when the
      oxygen consumption rises to as much as 200%. During this period there are no
      signs of cardiac hypoxia, as can be judged by the good oxygen saturation of
      coronary venous blood. Single doses of 5 mug. adrenaline or noradrenaline have a
      consistent positive inotropic effect that lasts about 15 min. when tested on a
      failing heart. In 12 experiments on non-failing modified heart-lung preparations,
      a single dose of 5 mug. adrenaline fails to cause a measurable increase in oxygen
      consumption after 1, 3, 6, or 11 min. in spite of a mild positive chronotropic
      action. The significance of these findings is discussed and the suggestion made
      that, when noradrenaline infusions are effective in treating cardiogenic shock in
      man, part of this effect may be due to its positive inotropic action, thus
      correcting an element of heart failure that might exist.

PMID- 13698422
TI  - The effect of mephentermine on isolated dog hearts, normal and pretreated with
      reserpine.
AB  - The inotropic activity of the non-catechol sympathomimetic amine, mephentermine
      sulphate, on the failing dog heart-lung preparation, was 1/10 to 1/20 that of
      adrenaline. Mephentermine showed no inotropic effect on preparations from animals
      pretreated with reserpine. The chronotropic and "calorigenic" actions of
      mephentermine were tested on modified heart-lung preparations to permit a more
      accurate measurement of coronary flow, and were found to be greater than its
      inotropic effect relative to adrenaline. Furthermore, the action of mephentermine
      was longerlasting than that of adrenaline. If adrenaline was infused 15 min after
      the termination of mephentermine administration and when the action of the latter
      was still at a maximum, a further increase in heart rate and especially oxygen
      consumption was observed. In preparations from dogs treated with enough reserpine
      to deplete the heart of noradrenaline, mephentermine had only slight chronotropic
      and calorigenic actions. However, further addition of adrenaline after a 15 min
      pause caused a rise in heart rate, oxygen consumption, and coronary flow which
      almost duplicated the additive effects of both amines on the preparations not
      treated with reserpine. It would appear that adrenaline acted on its own and in
      addition "restored" the action of mephentermine on the reserpinized preparations.
      The action of adrenaline alone on reserpinized preparations was not increased
      compared with that on normal preparations. These observations are relevant to a
      consideration of the mechanism of action of non-catechol sympathomimetic amines
      on the heart, and are in harmony with the concept that mephentermine, a non
      catechol amine, requires the presence of added or stored catechol amines for its
      action. Reserpine treatment did not alter the mechanical efficiency of the heart
      despite its depletion of noradrenaline.

PMID- 13698423
TI  - The sarcoplasmic reticulum of a fast-acting fish muscle.

PMID- 13698424
TI  - Intercellular bridges.

PMID- 13698425
TI  - The sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal and cardiac muscle.

PMID- 13698426
TI  - Speech transmission through respiratory protective devices.

PMID- 13698427
TI  - The determination of magnesium in biological materials by flame photometry.
AB  - A method is described for the measurement of magnesium in biological materials
      and has been applied to the Unicam flame spectrophotometer SP 900. Samples were
      diluted in 10 mM strontium ethylenedinitrolo tetraacetate (EDTASr), 10 mM
      potassium carbonate, giving final magnesium concentrations of about 0.1 to 0.2
      mM. The EDTASr almost eliminated the depression of magnesium emission by
      interfering anions. The potassium carbonate slightly depressed both magnesium
      emission and flame background, which were then virtually unaffected by further
      addition of cations. Spectral interference by sodium was controlled by including
      14 mM sodium chloride in the plasma standards and making small corrections
      (usually under 2%) on the basis of the plasma sodium level. The urine standards
      contained no sodium, but a small correction (usually about 2%) was made on the
      basis of the urine sodium level. There was insufficient sodium in faeces to cause
      spectral interference. Using the diluent described, added magnesium was
      satisfactorily recovered from plasma deproteinized with perchloric acid, urine,
      and faeces. When different volumes of identical samples of plasma and urine were
      analysed, the magnesium found was proportional to the volume of sample diluted.
      The plasma magnesium levels reported for a small group of healthy people were
      similar to those found by previous workers.

PMID- 13698428
TI  - [Analysis of the body fat of the imaginal migratory locust of the species Locusta
      migratoria migratorioides L. (Orth.)].

PMID- 13698429
TI  - Statistical method for determination pf reliability of bacteriologic analysis.

PMID- 13698430
TI  - [Quantitative determination of beta-hemolytic streptococci in nose throat tests
      and its clinical significance].

PMID- 13698431
TI  - A program for legislative action.

PMID- 13698432
TI  - A survey of the methods developed in the National Coal Board's pneumoconiosis
      field research for correlating environmental exposure with medical condition.

PMID- 13698433
TI  - The study of observer variation in the radiological classification of
      pneumoconiosis.

PMID- 13698434
TI  - Rolling recovery 'room' follows patient to bedside.

PMID- 13698435
TI  - [On the value of vitamins B1 and B6 in neuritis and polyneuritis].

PMID- 13698437
TI  - Recovery of acute hepatic coma. (A preliminary report).

PMID- 13698436
TI  - Effect of hematemesis on the liver function tests in schistosomiasis of the
      liver.

PMID- 13698438
TI  - Treatment of Bell's palsy with prednisone.

PMID- 13698439
TI  - Acute abdominal porphyria.

PMID- 13698440
TI  - [Results of treatment of fractures of the upper end of the radius].

PMID- 13698441
TI  - [Experience with radioactive phosphorus in the treatment of polycythemia vera].

PMID- 13698442
TI  - [Meprobamate idiosyncrasy].

PMID- 13698443
TI  - [Effect of perchlorates on iodine avidity of the thyroid gland].

PMID- 13698444
TI  - [Modification of iodine affinity of the thyroid gland with perchlorate].

PMID- 13698445
TI  - Gamma irradiation of some unsaturated steroids.

PMID- 13698446
TI  - [Changes of glutamic-oxalic acid transaminase activity of the blood serum (SGOT)
      after massive doses of pyramidon].

PMID- 13698447
TI  - [Biosynthesis of corticosteroids in rabbit adrenals].

PMID- 13698448
TI  - Experimental examination of the mechanism of pyramidon effect. 3. Effect of high
      pyramidon doses on the glutamic acid-oxaloacetic acid transaminase activity in
      serum.

PMID- 13698449
TI  - Corticosteroid content of extracts from dialysed liver homogenates.

PMID- 13698450
TI  - Biosynthesis of corticosteroids in the rabbit adrenal.

PMID- 13698451
TI  - [Preparation of aldosterone by biosynthesis for chromatographic purposes].

PMID- 13698452
TI  - [Biological determination of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoid substances in
      fatty tissue].

PMID- 13698453
TI  - Experimental examination of the mechanism of pyramidon effect. Effect of high
      pyramidon doses on renal function.

PMID- 13698454
TI  - Changes in glutamic acid-oxaloacetic acid-transaminase activity in the liver and
      kidneys on the effect of high doses of Pyramidon (aminopvrine).

PMID- 13698455
TI  - [Effect of large doses of pyramidon on glutamic-oxalic transaminase activity in
      the liver and kidneys].

PMID- 13698456
TI  - [Effect of adrenal function on the alcohol dehydrogenase activity of the liver].

PMID- 13698457
TI  - [Fatal poisoning (suicide) with mysoline and phenobarbital].

PMID- 13698458
TI  - [3 cases of alcohol poisoning; the role of endocrine factors in the
      hypersensitivity to alcohol].

PMID- 13698459
TI  - [Biological demonstration of glucocorticoid and mineralo-corticoid substances in
      the skin].

PMID- 13698460
TI  - [Effect of extracts from rabbit muscles, liver and normal and hypertrophic
      adrenals on the eosinophil count in intact and adrenalectomized rats].

PMID- 13698461
TI  - [Effect of gluco- and mineralocorticoid substances on the fatty tissues].

PMID- 13698462
TI  - [Elimination of alcohol in normal (intact) and adrenalectomized animals].

PMID- 13698463
TI  - [Fatal poisoning of a child with Wenckebach tablets (digitalis-quinine
      strychnine)].

PMID- 13698464
TI  - [On the corticosteroid content of various organs and tissues].

PMID- 13698465
TI  - [The effect of liver and muscle extracts of normal rabbits and rabbits with
      hypertrophic adrenal glands on the eosinophil leukocytes of intact and
      adrenalectomized rats].

PMID- 13698467
TI  - Carcinoma of right colon--report of unusual case.

PMID- 13698466
TI  - Cerebral hemodynamics during brief hyperventilation.

PMID- 13698468
TI  - [The fibrotic component of the senile lung].

PMID- 13698469
TI  - [Treatment of human atherosclerosis with betaine].

PMID- 13698470
TI  - [Evaluation of cerebral hemodynamics with radioactive isotopes].

PMID- 13698471
TI  - [Evaluation of the cerebral hemodynamics with radioactive isotopes. Summary].

PMID- 13698473
TI  - Can you avoid raising rates?

PMID- 13698472
TI  - [Clinical observations on the action of the dimethylamides of N-crotonyl-alpha
      propylaminobutyric acid and N-crotonyl-alpha-ethylaminobutyric acid in various
      states of hypoxia of the premature infant].

PMID- 13698474
TI  - A review of cerebral vasculitis.

PMID- 13698476
TI  - [Histological changes of the thymus in the course of severe experimental burns].

PMID- 13698475
TI  - [Changes of the testicle after severe experimental burns].

PMID- 13698477
TI  - [Accidental burns in childhood. Epidemiological data on burns among children of
      Ferrara and medico-preventive considerations].

PMID- 13698479
TI  - [Activity of some chemotherapeutic and antibiotic agents on staphylococcal
      hemolysin. II. Action of some sulfonamide mixtures].

PMID- 13698478
TI  - [Epidemiology of "street" accidents among children of the city of Ferrara].

PMID- 13698480
TI  - [Statistico-epidemiological study of accidents in children in Ferrara].

PMID- 13698481
TI  - [Metabolism of nucleic acids and anomalies of cell development in the
      acantholytic malpighian layer].

PMID- 13698482
TI  - [Hemangioma of the palatine tonsil].

PMID- 13698483
TI  - [Infarct of the heart associated with chronic post-endocarditis valve defects,
      with regard to the question of reciprocal antagonism].

PMID- 13698484
TI  - Pregnancy complicated by subacute bacterial endocarditis. Report of a case.

PMID- 13698485
TI  - Mineralization of rat enamel.

PMID- 13698486
TI  - Effect of the sulphonylureas on fibrinolysis.

PMID- 13698487
TI  - A concept of natural fibrinolysis.

PMID- 13698488
TI  - Effects of flumethiazide therapy on serum electrolyte levels.

PMID- 13698489
TI  - Early diagnosis and early treatment of hypertension.

PMID- 13698490
TI  - [Influence of the nature of the vehicles for pomades on the percutaneous
      absorption of potassium iodide, sodium salicylate and salicylic acid].

PMID- 13698491
TI  - [Isolation and study of a second compound resulting from the action of a mixture
      of sulfuric and nitric acids on atropine in the cold. II].

PMID- 13698492
TI  - Mammalian cell chromosome counts: a simple method for making preparations.

PMID- 13698493
TI  - Poikiloploidy among spermatogenic cells of Mus musculus.

PMID- 13698495
TI  - [Influence of light and of hygienic thermal treatment on the properties and
      composition of milk].

PMID- 13698494
TI  - [Antibiotics in the preservation of food].

PMID- 13698496
TI  - [Ionizing radiations in the preservation of foods].

PMID- 13698497
TI  - [The toxicology of insecticides. Antidotes and prophylaxis].

PMID- 13698498
TI  - Influence of pyrogen on healing of corneal ulcers. Experiment on guinea pigs.

PMID- 13698499
TI  - Influence of corticotropin (ACTH) on healing of corneal ulcers in guinea pigs.
      Comparison of effects of corticotropin and pyrogen.

PMID- 13698500
TI  - Methods for the separation of lids in cataract surgery.

PMID- 13698501
TI  - [The effect of fever and ACTH on healing of experimental corneal ulcers in guinea
      pigs].

PMID- 13698502
TI  - [The method of expression in cataract surgery].

PMID- 13698503
TI  - [Comparison of the results obtained in image quality and needed radiation quality
      by the use of a 9" image intensifier without special arrangements and by
      combination of this image intensifier with a closed television chain equipped
      with a Vidicon-TV camera].

PMID- 13698504
TI  - The problem of falls in aged people.

PMID- 13698505
TI  - [Research on the metabolites resulting from the conversion of tryptophan to
      nicotinic acid in the urine of patients with bladder neoplasms].

PMID- 13698506
TI  - [Some aspects of the mechanism of action of cortisone on diuresis induced by
      water loading].

PMID- 13698507
TI  - The antidiuretic activity of the plasma in various forms of obesity

PMID- 13698508
TI  - [Methodological aspects on the determination of plasma antidiuretic activity.
      Preliminary note].

PMID- 13698509
TI  - Freiberg's infraction: is it more common today?

PMID- 13698510
TI  - Clinical effectiveness and toxicity of metahexamide in treatment of diabetes
      mellitus.

PMID- 13698511
TI  - Downgrading gastroenterology.

PMID- 13698513
TI  - [Vaccination with BCG: follow-up after 10 years].

PMID- 13698514
TI  - [Comparative histological investigation of puncture cylinders and excised pieces
      of liver].

PMID- 13698515
TI  - [Re-establishment of fusion].

PMID- 13698516
TI  - Some clinical remarks on the psychopathology of genocide.

PMID- 13698517
TI  - [Clinical experimentation with a myocardiotrophic therapy in heart diseases].

PMID- 13698518
TI  - [Condensations of isonicotinic and cyanacetic hydrazides with some thienyl
      ketones. III].

PMID- 13698519
TI  - [Experience in the utilization in the army of a mobile disinfection-shower
      installation (DDA-53)].

PMID- 13698520
TI  - [Organization of control of insects harmful to man in military forces of the
      USA].

PMID- 13698521
TI  - [Structure of the connective tissue and lymphatic system in man].

PMID- 13698522
TI  - [Precipitating antibodies of the serum of cattle vaccinated against aphthous
      fever. Study by the Ouchterlony method. of their relation to the degree of
      immunity].

PMID- 13698523
TI  - [Television microscope -- an example of the application of physical research
      methods in biology].

PMID- 13698524
TI  - [Neoplasms of the ureter (clinical contribution of 6 new cases)].

PMID- 13698525
TI  - [Spontaneous regression of pulmonary metastases of a malignant tumor of the
      testicle].

PMID- 13698526
TI  - Anomalous cytoplasmic vacuoles and cell division.

PMID- 13698527
TI  - Comparison of effect of cerebrospinal fluid and of blood serum on tissue
      cultures.

PMID- 13698528
TI  - [On disorders of cardiac activity and causes of sudden death in diphtheria].

PMID- 13698529
TI  - [On the effect of a dynamic stereotype of conditioned food reflexes and neurotic
      conditions on cardiac rhythm in normal and distorted cardiac activity].

PMID- 13698530
TI  - [On the effect of unconditioned food reflexes on cardiac rhythm activity in
      pathological conditions (diphtherial intoxication, acute disorders of coronary
      circulation and pharmacological influences)].

PMID- 13698532
TI  - [Ectopic pregnancy in the Balkashin district hospital in the Akmolinsk Region
      during 4 years (1956-1959)].

PMID- 13698531
TI  - [On the effect of the vomiting reflex on the rhythm of cardiac activity and its
      role in the realization of defense and pathological reactions of the body (during
      pharmacological actions and disorders of coronary circulation)].

PMID- 13698533
TI  - [A method of taking air samples for dust determinations in the field].

PMID- 13698534
TI  - [An instrument for the electrocoagulation of polypi of the lower segments of the
      large intestine].

PMID- 13698535
TI  - [The relationship of remote forms of soil actinomycetes to various sources of
      carbon during growth on nitrate and molecular nitrogen].

PMID- 13698536
TI  - [A new species of nitrogen-fixing Mycobacterium and its physiological
      characteristics].

PMID- 13698537
TI  - [Origin and chemical properties of extracellular excretions of Azotobacter
      chroococcum].

PMID- 13698538
TI  - [Relationship between Azotobacter and typical root bacteria in corn].

PMID- 13698539
TI  - [Effect of certain antibiotics on physiological activity of Azotobacter
      chroococcum].

PMID- 13698540
TI  - [On the site of formation of hemopoietic substances].

PMID- 13698541
TI  - [Ultrachemiscope with a liquid filter].

PMID- 13698542
TI  - [Dynamics of changes of serotonin in the blood of dogs during hemotransfusion
      shock].

PMID- 13698543
TI  - [Diagnostic value of vertebral angiography in tumors of the 8th cranial nerve].

PMID- 13698545
TI  - [On the forms of neuroses].

PMID- 13698544
TI  - [On the problem of pulmonary hypertension in mitral stenosis].

PMID- 13698546
TI  - [On the diagnosis of brachial plexitis and neuralgias of the brachial plexus].

PMID- 13698547
TI  - [Prolonged therapy with ascorbic acid of patients with arteriosclerosis of the
      coronary vessels].

PMID- 13698548
TI  - [Phagocyte index--an index of the phasic nature of an infectious process].

PMID- 13698549
TI  - [Disservations accepted by the Higher Attestation Commission in January and
      February of 1961].

PMID- 13698550
TI  - [Thin photosensitive layers for obtaining autoradiograms of bacterial objects
      studied with the electron microscope].

PMID- 13698551
TI  - [The effect of hypoxic hypoxia on the greater and lesser circulation].

PMID- 13698552
TI  - [Formation of supplementary vascularization of the kidney from the muscular
      tissues, omentum and panniculus adiposus].

PMID- 13698553
TI  - [Experimental mixed Q fever and typhus].

PMID- 13698554
TI  - [Studies on the duration of post-vaccinal immunity in Q fever].

PMID- 13698555
TI  - [Actinophage as a variability-increasing factor in strains producing
      streptomycin].

PMID- 13698556
TI  - [Legislation for elimination of malaria in a number of foreign countries. (From
      data of the World Health Organization)].

PMID- 13698557
TI  - [On the role of the liver in the metabolism of uric acid and allantoin in
      radiation sickness].

PMID- 13698558
TI  - [Excretion of Dichet-positive substances with the urine in animals of various
      species after injury with ionizing radiations].

PMID- 13698559
TI  - [Early changes in tissue proteins during the action of lethal doses of ionizing
      radiations].

PMID- 13698560
TI  - [On the action of granite dust with a low content of silicon dioxide in
      experimental conditions].

PMID- 13698561
TI  - [On the sensitivity of the liver to various choleretic substances in lesions in
      the body caused by polonium].

PMID- 13698562
TI  - [The biligenic function of the liver in dogs with polonium injury].

PMID- 13698563
TI  - [On the problem of experimental cholesterol atherosclerosis in dogs].

PMID- 13698564
TI  - [On the reversal in the development of experimental cholesterol atherosclerosis
      in dogs].

PMID- 13698565
TI  - [Microorganisms -- antagonists of Sphacelotheca panici miliacei (Pers.) Bub].

PMID- 13698566
TI  - [A case of removal of a needle from the heart].

PMID- 13698567
TI  - [Problems in the preparation and preservation of bone marrow].

PMID- 13698568
TI  - [On the mechanism of asymmetrical secretory activity of the parotid salivary
      glands in horses].

PMID- 13698569
TI  - [Marked physical and roentgenological changes in the lungs in croupous pneumonia,
      treated with sulfanilamide preparations and antibiotics].

PMID- 13698570
TI  - [On prevention of accidents in sea training in medical service].

PMID- 13698571
TI  - [Effectiveness of prolonged antibacterial therapy in the treatment of pulmonary
      tuberculosis in pregnant women].

PMID- 13698572
TI  - [On erethism in brain-damaged children and its clinical social and therapeutic
      problems].

PMID- 13698573
TI  - [Experience in the utilization of a new preparation from Polygonum hydropiper
      hydropiperin in prevention of obstetrical and gynecological hemorrhages].

PMID- 13698574
TI  - [On side effects during antibiotic therapy of Botkin's infectious hepatitis].

PMID- 13698575
TI  - Electron microscopy of the human choroid. I. Cells and supporting structure.

PMID- 13698576
TI  - Electron microscopy of the human choroid. II. The choroidal nerves.

PMID- 13698577
TI  - Protein chemistry and food research.

PMID- 13698578
TI  - The distribution and role of sialic acid in chicken egg white.

PMID- 13698579
TI  - Hemodialysis in schizophrenia.

PMID- 13698580
TI  - [On the problem of malignant degeneration of cicatrices and ulcers of gunshot
      origin].

PMID- 13698581
TI  - Continuous uninterrupted compression technique of injecting varicose veins.

PMID- 13698582
TI  - [On the effect of new antibiotics (novobiocin, kanamycin, oleandomycin, reverin)
      on the syphilis pathogen in vitro and in vivo].

PMID- 13698583
TI  - 28 temporal lobectomies. A preliminary report.

PMID- 13698584
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the segmental pathology of the lung].

PMID- 13698585
TI  - [On echinococcal cysts of the lung. Clinico-therapeutic considerations on 434
      cases].

PMID- 13698586
TI  - [Extracorporeal circulation and hypothermia (deep hypothermia and selective
      hypothermia)].

PMID- 13698587
TI  - [Pneumoperitoneum in pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13698588
TI  - [Remote results with vascular transplantations and grafts].

PMID- 13698589
TI  - [The Zollinger-Ellison syndrome].

PMID- 13698590
TI  - [The problem of chronic pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13698591
TI  - Mass treatment of monkeys with antibacterial substances.

PMID- 13698592
TI  - [Experience with penicillinase therapy of penicillin allergy].

PMID- 13698594
TI  - [Sanitary aspects of rural water supply from a common well].

PMID- 13698593
TI  - [Experience with penicillinase treatment of penicillin allergy].

PMID- 13698595
TI  - [Study of the toxic effect of uremic blood].

PMID- 13698596
TI  - Hexokinase activity during glucose absorption.

PMID- 13698597
TI  - Effect of amino-acid esters on the growth of fibroblast cultures.

PMID- 13698598
TI  - Contributions to the kinetics of the acetylcholine-receptor function.

PMID- 13698599
TI  - [Contribution on cholinesterase in vivo. I. Determination of cholinesterase
      activity in vivo].

PMID- 13698600
TI  - [Contribution on the kinetics of cholinesterase in vivo. II. Comparison of the
      hydrolysis of acetylcholine and acetyl-beta-methylcholine in the superior
      cervical ganglion of the catin vivo and in vitro].

PMID- 13698601
TI  - [On transdental atlas luxation].

PMID- 13698602
TI  - [On surgery of breast carcinoma].

PMID- 13698603
TI  - [Surgery of the hand].

PMID- 13698604
TI  - [Why is the prognosis of breast cancer so uncertain?].

PMID- 13698605
TI  - In vitro calculus formation.

PMID- 13698606
TI  - [Ferrokinetic studies on patients with thalassemia minor].

PMID- 13698608
TI  - Ecological factors in human maladaptation.

PMID- 13698609
TI  - Testing hypotheses by experiment.

PMID- 13698607
TI  - [Thalassemia minor. Case reports and ferro-kinetic studies].

PMID- 13698610
TI  - The cultural circuit in psychology and psychiatry.

PMID- 13698611
TI  - A device to pipet and dilute fluid semi-automatically.

PMID- 13698612
TI  - Electronic counting of erythrocytes and leukocytes.

PMID- 13698613
TI  - [Hirstionyssus galeatus, a new gamasid (acari) parasite of Microtus arvalis
      laevis].

PMID- 13698614
TI  - The early management of trauma.

PMID- 13698615
TI  - The problem of retained calculi in the common biliary duct.

PMID- 13698616
TI  - Medicine and the public health.

PMID- 13698617
TI  - A microsomal iron-porphyrin activator of rat liver tryptophan pyrrolase.

PMID- 13698618
TI  - The isolation of the apoprotein of the heme enzyme tryptophan pyrrolase.

PMID- 13698619
TI  - Quantitative adsorption of antibody by the isolated heart and the intensity of
      cardiac anaphylaxis.

PMID- 13698620
TI  - Leiomyoma of the rectum with unusual clinical features.

PMID- 13698621
TI  - Did 'Ali ibn 'Isa use general anesthesia in eye operations?

PMID- 13698623
TI  - Comment: the distinctiveness of stimuli.

PMID- 13698622
TI  - Notes on affirmation and negation in human speech. Their linguistic expression
      and biological and psychological background.

PMID- 13698624
TI  - [Free amino acids in the cerebrospinal fluid in otogenic intracranial
      complications].

PMID- 13698625
TI  - [On certain characteristics of cerebrospinal fluid formation according to data on
      the investigation of free amino acids with the aid of distribution paper
      chromatography].

PMID- 13698626
TI  - A histochemical study of myelin. A difference in the solubility of the glycolipid
      components in the central and peripheral nervous systems.

PMID- 13698627
TI  - [Familial alopecia areata].

PMID- 13698628
TI  - Our aging citizens need more than "economic independence".

PMID- 13698629
TI  - [Clinical experiences in the treatment of malignant tumors by means of attenuated
      tumor microorganisms according to the Gerlach method].

PMID- 13698630
TI  - [Experiences with a new coronary dilator].

PMID- 13698631
TI  - [On biochemical protective mechanisms against cancer].

PMID- 13698632
TI  - [On the relation between structure and carcinogenicity of aromatic hydrocarbons].

PMID- 13698634
TI  - [Venereal disease control].

PMID- 13698633
TI  - [On the therapy of essential hypertension with androgenic hormones].

PMID- 13698635
TI  - Temporary uterine circulatory arrest as a cause of abnormal fetal development.

PMID- 13698636
TI  - Perforation and inflammation of diverticula of the colon secondary to long-term
      adrenocorticosteroid therapy for bronchial asthma and pulmonary emphysema.

PMID- 13698637
TI  - Amyloidosis of the pituitary gland linked with multiple myeloma.

PMID- 13698638
TI  - Effect of changes in blood CO2 level on coronary flow and myocardial O2
      consumption.

PMID- 13698639
TI  - Ammonia production in the isolated working rabbit heart.

PMID- 13698640
TI  - Studies of thought disorder in schizophrenia. II. Plausible and implausible
      errors on a modification of the Progressive Matrices Test.

PMID- 13698641
TI  - Senile dementia and cerebral oxygen uptake measured on the right and left sides.

PMID- 13698642
TI  - Misinterpretation of an agar-gel precipitation pattern.

PMID- 13698643
TI  - Pinnal anaphylaxis: an additional anaphyiactic site.

PMID- 13698644
TI  - Disappearance curves of intravenously administered I-131-triolein in the human
      subject.

PMID- 13698645
TI  - Intravenous angiography: its place in a small, well equipped, general hospital.

PMID- 13698646
TI  - The roentgen findings in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.

PMID- 13698647
TI  - Dysgerminoma of the ovary. Unusual roentgen manifestation of metastases.

PMID- 13698648
TI  - Closed circuit television in electrocorticography.

PMID- 13698649
TI  - [On the technic, significance and indication for radioisotope nephrogram with
      iodine-131-labelled urografin].

PMID- 13698650
TI  - Studies on the interrelationship of RNA synthesis, DNA synthesis and precursor
      pool in human tissue culture cells studied with tritiated pyrimidine nucleosides.

PMID- 13698651
TI  - [On the sex chromatin of white rats].

PMID- 13698652
TI  - Deafness in toxoplasmosis.

PMID- 13698653
TI  - The acute inhalation toxicity of heated aerosols of three hydraulic fluids.

PMID- 13698654
TI  - Prophylaxis of poststreptococcal sequelae and bacterial endocarditis.

PMID- 13698656
TI  - The duration of activity in acute rheumatic fever.

PMID- 13698655
TI  - The rebound phenomenon in acute rheumatic fever. I. Incidence and significance.

PMID- 13698657
TI  - Current status of prophylaxis against rheumatic fever.

PMID- 13698659
TI  - The problem of treatment in obesity.

PMID- 13698658
TI  - Standards, stethoscopes, steroids and statistics. The problem of evaluating
      treatment in acute rheumatic fever.

PMID- 13698660
TI  - The young psychiatrist in military service.

PMID- 13698661
TI  - Effects of chlorothiazide on forearm vascular responses to norepinephrine.

PMID- 13698662
TI  - Phenochromocytoma with large cystic calcification and associated sphenoid ridge
      malformation.

PMID- 13698663
TI  - Clinical experience with the radioactive iodopyracet (Diodrast) renogram in
      pediatric subjects.

PMID- 13698664
TI  - Pharmacological analysis of synthetic and natural glucocorticoids, with
      comparative evaluation of the test methods.

PMID- 13698665
TI  - [Ileus and pregnancy].

PMID- 13698666
TI  - [Brief history of the State Therapeutic Institution for Mental and Neurologic
      Patients].

PMID- 13698667
TI  - [Recent trends in the development of dietetics].

PMID- 13698668
TI  - [Successful medical treatment of liver abscess caused by Endamoeba histolytica].

PMID- 13698669
TI  - [On the content of methyl alcohol in wines].

PMID- 13698670
TI  - [Data for the study of biological properties of streptococcal hyaluronidase. I.
      On the effect of streptococcal hvaluronidase on absorption processes of various
      antigens].

PMID- 13698671
TI  - [Data on the serological nature of rheumatism in children. I. On serum
      antihyaluronidase in children with rheumatism].

PMID- 13698672
TI  - [The effect of sleep deprivation on electrical activity and other indices of the
      activity of the animal brain].

PMID- 13698673
TI  - [Spectrophotometric study of the reaction of ribonucleic acid with formaldehyde].

PMID- 13698674
TI  - [Analysis of the duration of systolic phases in the diagnosis of aortic defects].

PMID- 13698675
TI  - [Role of prolonged systolic phases in the diagnosis of mitral defects].

PMID- 13698676
TI  - [Data on the serological characteristics of rheumatism in children. II. On
      antibodies to M substance of various serological types of hemolytic streptococci
      and sera of children with rheumatism].

PMID- 13698677
TI  - [Death in childbirth after transfusion of leukocyte-incompatible blood].

PMID- 13698678
TI  - Pregnancy and the place of therapeutic abortion in rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 13698679
TI  - [Adenosine deaminase activity in the plasma of women with genital tumors].

PMID- 13698680
TI  - [Volvulus of the sigmoid and pregnancy].

PMID- 13698681
TI  - Reflections on the pathologic phsiology of atherosclerosis.

PMID- 13698682
TI  - [Telecobaltotherapy of esophageal cancer].

PMID- 13698683
TI  - [Recurrent glioma of the thalamus. Retrospective study after 5 and 1/2 years of
      postoperative evolution. (Presentation of the patient)].

PMID- 13698686
TI  - [Generalized herpes simplex. A personal case and survey of published cases].

PMID- 13698685
TI  - Tumor thrombosis of the abdominal aorta and iliac arteries. Report of a case.

PMID- 13698684
TI  - Antihistamine activity of extracts prepared from buffy-coat layer of horse blood
      and from oak gall.

PMID- 13698687
TI  - [Oxymetric and blood gas analytical methods for evaluation of decreased physical
      capacity due to pulmonary and cardiac factors].

PMID- 13698688
TI  - [Research on the determination of the antiscorbutic activity of ascorbigen].

PMID- 13698689
TI  - [An unexpected complication of Malmstroem's vacuum extraction].

PMID- 13698691
TI  - An investigation of secondary nerve degeneration in clinical otosclerosis.

PMID- 13698690
TI  - Diurnal patterns of micturition and drinking in rhesus monkeys.

PMID- 13698692
TI  - A case of rheumatoid arthritis with generalized lymphadenopathy and synovial cyst
      of the hip-joint.

PMID- 13698693
TI  - Cellular sources of gamma globulin.

PMID- 13698694
TI  - Isolation, purification, and some properties of mammalian cytochrome b.

PMID- 13698695
TI  - Sensitivity of various viruses to chloroform.

PMID- 13698696
TI  - Value of hysterosalpingography for diagnosis and treatment of the "tubal factor"
      in infertility.

PMID- 13698697
TI  - [Research on a new psycho-energetic drug].

PMID- 13698698
TI  - [Medical units in a new method of antituberculous control].

PMID- 13698699
TI  - Chronic aminonucleoside proteinuria.

PMID- 13698700
TI  - Fine structure of the cow's udder during gestation and lactation.

PMID- 13698701
TI  - Iodine deficiency in newborn rats.

PMID- 13698702
TI  - Studies on the mechanism of immunological enhancement of tumor grafts.

PMID- 13698703
TI  - Immunological components of carcinogenesis.

PMID- 13698704
TI  - An intelligence of the heart.

PMID- 13698706
TI  - Social desirability and the forced choice method.

PMID- 13698705
TI  - Colonic lesions secondary to endometriosis; report of seven cases.

PMID- 13698707
TI  - Psychotherapy and chemotherapy (amitriptyline) of anergic states.

PMID- 13698708
TI  - The effect of reserpine on behavior fixations in rats.

PMID- 13698709
TI  - The effect of electroconvulsive shock on fixated behavior in the rat. IV. The
      prevention of fixations with ECS.

PMID- 13698710
TI  - Gastric lesions following hypothalamic stimulation. An experimental study in
      cats.

PMID- 13698711
TI  - Experimental tuberculous meningitis in rabbit. II. Effect of hydrocortisone on
      the hypersensitivity reaction of the meninges.

PMID- 13698712
TI  - Effect of intrathecal hydrocortisone on advanced adhesive arachnoiditis and
      cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. An experimental study.

PMID- 13698713
TI  - Gastric secretion and acute gastroduodenal lesions following hypothalamic and
      preoptic stimulation. An experimental study in cats.

PMID- 13698714
TI  - Effect of adrenocortical hormones on evoked potentials in the brain stem.

PMID- 13698715
TI  - Anterior brainstem and sciatic nerve connections to vestibular nuclei in cat.

PMID- 13698716
TI  - [Primary pulmonary hypertension].

PMID- 13698717
TI  - Gastrointestinal disturbances in multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 13698718
TI  - Hydroxydione (Presuren) hypnosis for cakiac catheterisation.

PMID- 13698719
TI  - Differential effects of shock in human maze learning.

PMID- 13698720
TI  - Safety precautions for tuber culosis laboratories.

PMID- 13698722
TI  - [On familial disposition to silicosis].

PMID- 13698721
TI  - Accessory glands of Gene's organ in ticks.

PMID- 13698724
TI  - The tuberculosis problem now. A broad perspective.

PMID- 13698723
TI  - Qualitative and quantitative tests for isobucaine hydrochloride.

PMID- 13698725
TI  - [Clinical study of a new psychoregulatory derivative of benzodiazepoxide: Librium
      (Roche). Critical study of 100 cases].

PMID- 13698726
TI  - [Investigations on the discrimination of different sound patterns in
      simulataneous, monaural and binaural functions].

PMID- 13698727
TI  - [Exactness in writing is necessary].

PMID- 13698728
TI  - Radioactive serotonin in relation to schizophrenia.

PMID- 13698729
TI  - A preliminary report on MAO inhibition and clincial effectiveness in the
      treatment of depressed patients with phenelzine.

PMID- 13698730
TI  - Contact lenses.

PMID- 13698731
TI  - Studies on the analysis of hydrocarbons from incinerator effuents with a
      combustible gas indicator.

PMID- 13698732
TI  - [New possibilities of the treatment of hypertension in general practice].

PMID- 13698733
TI  - [The subsequent fate of 1000 cases of cerebral insultus].

PMID- 13698734
TI  - [The transaminases analyzed with paper chromatography in certain pathological
      conditions].

PMID- 13698735
TI  - [Anthropometric study of sexual differentiation in the French adult from 20 to 26
      years of age].

PMID- 13698736
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the Coxsackie virus diseases. Epidemic outbreak of
      a diarrheal nature caused by a type B 3 Coxsackie virus].

PMID- 13698737
TI  - [Contribution to the etiological study of epidemic diarrheal forms].

PMID- 13698739
TI  - [Virological research on trachoma. Preliminary data].

PMID- 13698738
TI  - [Study of the antigenic relations between various strains of type A-2 influenza
      virus].

PMID- 13698740
TI  - [Summary of the research activities carried out in the Microbiological Laboratory
      of the Istituto Superiore di Sanita].

PMID- 13698741
TI  - [The ECHO viruses - evaluation of their clinical significance in relation to
      present knowledge].

PMID- 13698742
TI  - [Current advances in the diagnosis and therapy of neuromuscular diseases].

PMID- 13698743
TI  - [A contribution to the case reports of fascioliasis. Fascioliasis of the
      choledochus].

PMID- 13698744
TI  - [From the history of veneral disease control in Volyn before its unification with
      the Soviet Ukraine].

PMID- 13698745
TI  - [Hepatic amebiasis of the left lobe. Diagnostic difficulties].

PMID- 13698746
TI  - [Conditions of therapeutic success in the matter of amebiasis. Practical
      reflections inspired by more than 1000 cases].

PMID- 13698747
TI  - [Treatment of duodenal ulcers with an anti-ulcerous extract].

PMID- 13698748
TI  - [Apropos of 3 cases of amebic pericarditis].

PMID- 13698749
TI  - [Hepatosplenic tuberculosis belatedly manifested by a meningeal complication].

PMID- 13698750
TI  - [Hepatic amebiasis. (Apropos of 100 cases)].

PMID- 13698751
TI  - [Diagnosis of a case of para-A salmonellosis].

PMID- 13698752
TI  - [The oculo-urethro-synovial syndrome of Fiessinger-Lerov-Reiter. Apropos of 80
      cases seen in the early stage].

PMID- 13698753
TI  - [Dissemination of tuberculosis in the form of multiple abscesses, resulting from
      untimely corticotherapy].

PMID- 13698754
TI  - Protamines.

PMID- 13698755
TI  - [Protein metabolism in damaged tissue].

PMID- 13698756
TI  - Psychiatrist, medicinae doctor.

PMID- 13698757
TI  - Recent trends and developments in psychiatric research.

PMID- 13698758
TI  - The hospital and the community.

PMID- 13698759
TI  - The psychiatric training of the medical student and the psychiatrist.

PMID- 13698760
TI  - [Pulsating blood flow].

PMID- 13698761
TI  - [On medical ethics].

PMID- 13698763
TI  - [Modern management of injuries in first aid practice].

PMID- 13698762
TI  - [On the theory of innervation and trophicity of the musculature].

PMID- 13698764
TI  - Cell shedding in the epithelium of the intestinal mucosa: fact and artefact.

PMID- 13698765
TI  - The behaviour of rabbit tissues transplanted into the allantoic cavity of the
      embryonated egg, with observations on growth-stimulating effects of sera from
      normal and injured rabbits.

PMID- 13698766
TI  - Anatomic distribution of induced changes in blood volume, evaluated by regional
      weighing.

PMID- 13698767
TI  - Comparison of the effects of papain and vitamin A on cartilage. II. The effects
      on organ cultures of embryonic skeletal tissue.
AB  - The effects of papain protease and of vitamin A on explanted limb bone rudiments
      from 7- and 13-day chick embryos and fetal mice have been studied and compared.
      The incubation of cartilaginous rudiments from 7-day chick embryos in a solution
      containing papain and cysteine resulted in complete loss of the metachromasia of
      the cartilage matrix within 1 hour; explants treated in this fashion recovered
      normal metachromatic staining properties when grown in normal medium for 4 days.
      The incubation of 7-day chick cartilage rudiments in a solution containing papain
      without cysteine resulted in partial loss of metachromasia from cartilage within
      1 hour; the addition of vitamin A to the solution did not enhance the effect of
      papain during this period. The addition of papain to the culture medium in which
      7-day chick embryo cartilage rudiments were grown resulted in uniform loss of the
      metachromasia of the cartilage matrix; similar explants grown in the presence of
      excess vitamin A also showed loss of the metachromasia of cartilage, but certain
      regions of the cartilage were affected earlier and more severely than others.
      Changes in cartilage cells, including loss of glycogen, occurred when the
      rudiment was grown in medium containing excess vitamin A, but not when it was
      grown in the presence of papain. Bone rudiments from 13-day chick embryos showed
      changes in cartilage similar to those seen in 7-day chick embryo rudiments when
      grown in the presence of papain or of excess vitamin A; the existing bone was not
      affected under these conditions. When grown in the presence of papain or excess
      vitamin A, the cartilage of late fetal mouse bone underwent changes similar to
      those already described in chick embryo rudiments. In contrast to the chick
      embryo rudiments, those from the fetal mouse showed rapid resorption of bone when
      grown in the presence of excess vitamin A. Papain had no effect on bone from
      either source. The changes seen in cartilage of explants grown in the presence of
      vitamin A and papain together were greater than those seen with either agent
      alone. The changes seen in fetal mouse bone grown in the presence of vitamin A
      were not enhanced by the additional presence of papain. On the basis of these
      observations, it is suggested that the changes in cartilage seen in experimental
      hypervitaminosis A may be the result of activation of a proteolytic enzyme or
      enzymes with properties similar to papain.

PMID- 13698769
TI  - A new species of Saccharomyces isolated from a subtropical estuary.

PMID- 13698768
TI  - The influence of hydrocortisone on the action of excess vitamin A on limb bone
      rudiments in culture.
AB  - The effect of hydrocortisone has been studied in organ cultures of the
      cartilaginous long bone rudiments from 7-day chick embryos and of the well
      ossified limb bones from late fetal mice. In the chick rudiments, which grow
      rapidly in culture, the growth rate was much reduced by hydrocortisone, less
      intercellular material was formed, and the hypertrophic cells of the shaft were
      much smaller than in the controls in normal medium. In the late fetal mouse
      bones, which grow very little in culture, hydrocortisone had no obvious effect on
      growth but arrested resorption of the cartilage. These effects resemble those
      described by others in the skeleton of animals treated with cortisone or
      hydrocortisone. The influence of hydrocortisone on the response of the chick and
      mouse explants to excess vitamin A was investigated. In the presence of excess
      vitamin A, cartilage (chick, mouse) and bone (mouse) rapidly disintegrated, but
      when hydrocortisone also was added to the medium, this dissolution of the
      intercellular material was much retarded, though not suppressed. The retardative
      action of hydrocortisone on the changes produced by excess vitamin A in skeletal
      tissue in culture, contrasts sharply with the strongly additive effect of the two
      agents on the skeleton in the intact animal (Selye, 1958). It is suggested that
      this discrepancy between the results obtained in vitro and in vivo is probably
      due to systemic factors that operate in the body but are eliminated in organ
      cultures.

PMID- 13698770
TI  - Anatomical studies in the genus Rubus. IV. Anatomical variations in the leaves of
      cultivated varieties of R. idaeus L. and R. loganobaccus L. H. Bailey, and of
      certain species of bramble.

PMID- 13698771
TI  - Coarctation of the aorta associated with intrathoracic aneurysm of the vertebral
      artery.

PMID- 13698772
TI  - Evaluation of therapy in burns by morbidity studies.

PMID- 13698774
TI  - [Isotope medicine].

PMID- 13698773
TI  - Ribonuclease of Euglena gracilis.
AB  - An enzyme in extracts of Euglena gracilis splits both purine and pyrimidine
      internucleotide bonds of ribonucleic acid. Its pH optimum is at 4.5; it is very
      heat-labile and is rather insensitive to inhibition by metal ions or sulfhydryl
      group reagents. A partial purification of the enzyme is described.

PMID- 13698775
TI  - [Some directions on the diagnosis and therapy of rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 13698776
TI  - [The conservative therapy of hyperthyroidism].

PMID- 13698777
TI  - [Gold therapy of primary chronic polyarthritis].

PMID- 13698778
TI  - [Primary chronic polyarthritis, its treatment and differentual diagnosis].

PMID- 13698780
TI  - Provocation of suicidal attempts.

PMID- 13698779
TI  - [The therapy of acute periarthritis humeroscapularis].

PMID- 13698781
TI  - Suicide: a neglected medical problem?

PMID- 13698782
TI  - Effect of cigarette smoking on the intraocular blood volume.

PMID- 13698784
TI  - [Cancer of the uterine cervix and pregnancy].

PMID- 13698783
TI  - [The pituitary factor in experimental carcinogenesis of the ovary].

PMID- 13698785
TI  - [The surgical treatment of insufficiency of the cervical isthmus in non-pregnant
      women].

PMID- 13698786
TI  - Plasma and red cell cholesterol.

PMID- 13698787
TI  - Changes in epidermal hydroxyproline and tyrosine accompanying induced epidermal
      carcinogenesis.

PMID- 13698788
TI  - Acid-catalyzed oxidation of reduced pyridine nucleotides.

PMID- 13698789
TI  - Binding of calcium ions by the aorta.

PMID- 13698790
TI  - [The morphology of the drumsticks-research on circulating leukocytes].

PMID- 13698791
TI  - [The value and method of sex diagnosis in migrated leukocytes].

PMID- 13698792
TI  - Some effects of charge and structure upon ionic interactions of nucleic acids.

PMID- 13698793
TI  - Tritium labeled chloramphenicol in E. coli.

PMID- 13698795
TI  - Antiphage activity of human cholera sera.

PMID- 13698794
TI  - E1 Tor vibrios of the Ogawa subtype occurring in an epidemic of diarrhoea with
      vomiting in Ubol, Thailand.

PMID- 13698796
TI  - [Clinical aspects and early diagnosis of infantile reticulosis].

PMID- 13698797
TI  - A quick look at dermatoglyphics.

PMID- 13698798
TI  - What about griseofulvin?

PMID- 13698799
TI  - Observations on senile elastosis.

PMID- 13698800
TI  - The significance of grid ratio in clinical radiography.

PMID- 13698801
TI  - Stromal endometriosis involving the heart.

PMID- 13698802
TI  - Studies on hemagglutination with herpes simplex virus. II. The factors involved
      in the technique.

PMID- 13698803
TI  - Morale of workers exposed to high levels of occupational noise.

PMID- 13698804
TI  - British industrial medical personalities. A decury in vignette.

PMID- 13698806
TI  - Costly longevity of occupational disease disability.

PMID- 13698805
TI  - Contemporary techniques in teaching occupational medicine. 1. The field trip
      revitalized.

PMID- 13698807
TI  - Disability evaluation and the medical curriculum.

PMID- 13698808
TI  - Chromatographically pure fluorescein and tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanates.

PMID- 13698809
TI  - An evaluation of bladder flap and skin cystostomies.

PMID- 13698810
TI  - The use of the artificial kidney in poisonings.

PMID- 13698811
TI  - [Investigations on the contamination of mebumal with "iso-mebumal"].

PMID- 13698812
TI  - [2 cases of foreign bodies in the lower respiratory tract introduced
      transcutaneously].

PMID- 13698814
TI  - Drainage operation in cases of the hydrops of the labyrinth and its influence on
      hearing.

PMID- 13698813
TI  - Facial paresis due to inflammation of the mastoid cells and its surgical
      treatment.

PMID- 13698815
TI  - [Cytochemical study of sulfhydryl groups in the course of changes of the
      embryonal determination in the egg of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus].

PMID- 13698816
TI  - Health centres in Kenya.

PMID- 13698817
TI  - Poliomyelitis in Kenya. A review of the present position.

PMID- 13698818
TI  - The way ahead.

PMID- 13698819
TI  - [Carcinoma in sinuses of the ear after radical surgery].

PMID- 13698820
TI  - [Cylindromas of the external auditory meatus].

PMID- 13698822
TI  - [Rendu-Osler disease and cirrhosis of the liver].

PMID- 13698821
TI  - An investigation of the mechanisms of eye movement control.

PMID- 13698823
TI  - High concentration of (-)-noradrenaline in Portulaca oleracea L.

PMID- 13698824
TI  - The dumping syndrome and its experimental provocation.

PMID- 13698825
TI  - [Physicians' widows' fund. The Danske Laegers Enke-og Borne-forsorgelsekasse 1835
      1960].

PMID- 13698826
TI  - [Rigshospitalet. September 3, 1910 - 1960].

PMID- 13698827
TI  - [Death in pneumonia].

PMID- 13698828
TI  - [Hemoptysis caused by chorioepithelioma metastases in a man].

PMID- 13698829
TI  - Adult requirement for calcium.

PMID- 13698830
TI  - [Arterial hypertension in diseases of a solitary kidney].

PMID- 13698831
TI  - [Filariasis loa--description of a case].

PMID- 13698832
TI  - [Production of purified enzymatic preparations from surface yeast cultures].

PMID- 13698833
TI  - [Conditions of amylase and proteinase formation in a surface culture of Bacillus
      subtilis].

PMID- 13698834
TI  - [Sulfur for the accumulation of proteases in deep cultures of Bacillus subtilis].

PMID- 13698835
TI  - A rabies vaccine from hamster kidney tissue cultures: preparation and evaluation
      in animals.

PMID- 13698837
TI  - Functioning carcinoid tumours.

PMID- 13698836
TI  - Propagation of rabies virus in cultures of hamster kidney cells.

PMID- 13698838
TI  - Carbon dioxide and intracellular homeostasis.

PMID- 13698839
TI  - Progressive systemic sclerosis and malignant hypertension. Immunohistochemical
      study of renal lesions.

PMID- 13698840
TI  - Central midwives board. Development in policy.

PMID- 13698841
TI  - [Observations on the immuno-electrophoretic picture of serum proteins in patients
      treated with adrenal cortex hormones].

PMID- 13698842
TI  - [The effect of preliminary adaptation to oxygen deficiency on the course of
      burns].

PMID- 13698843
TI  - Manifestations of metastatic tumors of the liver. A study of eighty-one patients
      subjected to needle biopsy.

PMID- 13698844
TI  - Effect of variation in body temperature on antibody production in rabbits and
      mice.

PMID- 13698845
TI  - Estimation of field populations of cyst forming nematodes of the genus
      Heterodera.

PMID- 13698846
TI  - The present position of contact lenses.

PMID- 13698847
TI  - [Absence of crossed inguinal extension reflex as a diagnostic sign of
      intracranial and intraspinal hemorrhages in premature infants].

PMID- 13698848
TI  - Temporal epilepsies with deep-seated epileptogenic foci. Postoperative course.

PMID- 13698849
TI  - [Considerations on the technic of the urocytogram].

PMID- 13698850
TI  - [Mutagenic action of some purine and pyrimidine compounds].

PMID- 13698851
TI  - [The pentosephosphate cycle in biology].

PMID- 13698852
TI  - Effect of oral furadantin on trichomonas vaginalis in male chronic urethritis.

PMID- 13698853
TI  - Flagyl in the treatment of male trichomoniasis.

PMID- 13698854
TI  - The treatment of burns with the serum of a patient convalescent from burns.

PMID- 13698856
TI  - [Subchronic anterior horn cell disease with abnormal pigmentation and
      vacuolization. On the morphology and histochemistry of atrophic systemic
      diseases].

PMID- 13698855
TI  - An interdepartmental approach to mental retardation: use of data from diagnostic
      clinics from program planning.

PMID- 13698857
TI  - [Traumatic ventricular septal defects].

PMID- 13698858
TI  - [Extracorporeal circulation with the Gibbon-Mayo-pump oxygenator at the
      Chirurgische Klinik Duesseldorf].

PMID- 13698859
TI  - [Reflections on art therapy].

PMID- 13698860
TI  - Combining forces for good patient care.

PMID- 13698861
TI  - [Guanidine phosphates (phosphagens)].

PMID- 13698862
TI  - [Influence of an antihistaminic on gastric secretion].

PMID- 13698863
TI  - Some health problems of college students at Howard University.

PMID- 13698864
TI  - [The reticular formation of the mesencephalon and the pretectal region of man].

PMID- 13698865
TI  - [Cytoarchitectonic heteromorphism. Research on the nucleus medio-dorsalis thalami
      in man and various other primates].

PMID- 13698866
TI  - [Some new possibilities in cerebrospinal fluid diagnosis].

PMID- 13698867
TI  - [Therapeutic anesthesia with intracutaneously administered diluted cortisone
      solution].

PMID- 13698868
TI  - [On treatment with therapeutic anesthesia].

PMID- 13698869
TI  - [Reflexotherapy with intracutaneous diluted histamine solution].

PMID- 13698870
TI  - [Linear measurements of the cornes, iris and crystalline lens with the aid of a
      slotted lamp and some necessary devices].

PMID- 13698871
TI  - Treatment of common childhood fractures.

PMID- 13698872
TI  - Dimethyldiguanide in the treatment of diabetic children.

PMID- 13698873
TI  - Gastro-intestinal emergencies in the newborn.

PMID- 13698874
TI  - A ligature carrier for experimental surgery.

PMID- 13698875
TI  - Effect of DNA on tumor growth and resistance to chemotherapy.

PMID- 13698876
TI  - Teamwork in massive peptic ulcer bleeding. Analysis of thirty-four cases of
      peptic ulcer deaths.

PMID- 13698879
TI  - Brucellosis in dairy herds-some applications of the milk ring test.

PMID- 13698878
TI  - Thoughts on government in medicine.

PMID- 13698877
TI  - Control of Australorbis glabratus by acrolein in Puerto Rico.

PMID- 13698880
TI  - Effect of dietary fat on metabolism of cholesterol-26-C14 in the rat.

PMID- 13698881
TI  - Experiences in the management of arterial injuries.

PMID- 13698882
TI  - Long term storage of tissue culture cells.

PMID- 13698883
TI  - Genetic factors in hereditary intestinal polyposis and oral pigmentation.

PMID- 13698884
TI  - Cervical conization during pregnancy.

PMID- 13698885
TI  - Enzymes and blood clotting. I. Trypsin as an accessory factor.

PMID- 13698886
TI  - Methods of studying new clotting factors.

PMID- 13698887
TI  - Operating room fatalities.

PMID- 13698888
TI  - Medical Correlation Clinics. 6. Human genetics.

PMID- 13698889
TI  - Prolactin activity of human growth hormone.

PMID- 13698890
TI  - Starch-gel electrophoresis of anterior pituitary hormones.

PMID- 13698891
TI  - Comparison of surgical treatments of duodenal ulcer. Results of 50 per cent
      gastrectomy and vagotomy compared to results of 75 per cent gastric resection for
      duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 13698892
TI  - Idiopathic massive hemobilia.

PMID- 13698893
TI  - Concepts in the surgical treatment of regional enteritis.

PMID- 13698894
TI  - The conservative management of barbiturate intoxication: experience with 95
      unconscious patients.

PMID- 13698895
TI  - Saluretic drugs and diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 13698896
TI  - Quantitative histochemical distribution of biotin in the rat adrenal and lack of
      response to ACTH.

PMID- 13698897
TI  - Peripheral neuropathy in rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 13698898
TI  - Side-effects of community care.

PMID- 13698899
TI  - The aftercare of the hospital patient.

PMID- 13698900
TI  - Technical control of intra-abdominal pressure following large ovarian
      cystectomies.

PMID- 13698901
TI  - Trichobezoar with gastric ulcers and bleeding: report of a case.

PMID- 13698902
TI  - Observations on the satellited human chromosomes.

PMID- 13698903
TI  - The human chromosomes in disorders of sex differentiation.

PMID- 13698904
TI  - Leg ulcers: assessment of response to certain topical medicaments.

PMID- 13698905
TI  - [Apropos of the treatment of advanced prostatic cancers with phosphorylated
      estrogens].

PMID- 13698906
TI  - X-ray television in urology.

PMID- 13698907
TI  - Advances in urology.

PMID- 13698909
TI  - [Quantitative testing of the fibrogenity of dust containing various amounts of
      silica].

PMID- 13698908
TI  - Group activities in educational therapy.

PMID- 13698911
TI  - [On the development of experimental silicosis by the action of novocaine
      protective aerosol].

PMID- 13698910
TI  - Elimination of dust from the lungs and the influence of the reticuloendothelial
      system.

PMID- 13698912
TI  - [Self-purification of the lungs from dust. V. Phagocytic capacity of the
      reticuloendothelial system and purification of the lungs from dust].

PMID- 13698913
TI  - [Adsorption of lysozyme by various tissues].

PMID- 13698914
TI  - [Insoluble complexes of gonadostimulant glycoproteins with some basic proteins].

PMID- 13698915
TI  - [Changes in staphylococci caused by development in 5 per cent glycerinated media.
      II. Changes in agglutinability by antistaphylococcal agglutinins].

PMID- 13698916
TI  - [Enhancement of the sensitivity of bacteria of the typhoparatyphoid group to
      agglutinating antisera by treatment of the germs with lysozyme].

PMID- 13698917
TI  - [Interaction between typhic somatic agglutinogen and lysozyme with reduction of
      agglutinability by antityphic agglutinins].

PMID- 13698921
TI  - [Conservative surgery of myoma].

PMID- 13698920
TI  - [Modified surgery of vaginal and uterine prolapse].

PMID- 13698919
TI  - [An acoustic sound without audiometer].

PMID- 13698918
TI  - [Hernia xiphoidea].

PMID- 13698922
TI  - [On the conservative myoma operation].

PMID- 13698923
TI  - [Complications and morbid conditions associated with Cooley's anemia].

PMID- 13698924
TI  - [Research on tranquilizers. V. Histological data on rabbits treated with
      meprobamate and immunized with S. typhimurium vacine].

PMID- 13698925
TI  - [Lysozyme and cow's milk].

PMID- 13698926
TI  - [On the present-day therapy of tetanus. Considerations on the results in 46
      personal cases].

PMID- 13698927
TI  - [Relations between histamine and burns].

PMID- 13698928
TI  - [Effects of polysaccharide-activated rat serum on the isolated rat intestine and
      uterus].

PMID- 13698929
TI  - Osteolathyrogenic effects on the developing rat foetus.

PMID- 13698930
TI  - [Breech presentation in primigravidas].

PMID- 13698931
TI  - [Mental hygiene].

PMID- 13698932
TI  - [Pharmacopsychotherapy of anxiety].

PMID- 13698933
TI  - [Vogt, Kleist and cerebral localizations].

PMID- 13698936
TI  - [Endometriosis].

PMID- 13698934
TI  - Biosynthesis of histamine ribotide and imidazoleacetate ribotide.

PMID- 13698937
TI  - [Vaginal cytology in the pathology of pregnancy].

PMID- 13698935
TI  - [Cytology and pathology of pregnancy].

PMID- 13698938
TI  - Cytopathogenic effects of rabies virus on nervous tissue in vitro.

PMID- 13698939
TI  - [Therapeutic trial of dithiazanine iodide in some intestinal parasitoses].

PMID- 13698940
TI  - Aural cholesteatoma. Experimental observations.

PMID- 13698941
TI  - [The Mexican in medicine, Commentary].

PMID- 13698942
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn].

PMID- 13698943
TI  - [Hydatic cyst of the left ventricle (our contribution to the study of cardiac
      hydatidosis)].

PMID- 13698945
TI  - [Hormonal regulation of carbohydrate metabolism].

PMID- 13698944
TI  - [Hydatidosis. II].

PMID- 13698946
TI  - [Nerve regeneration after various surgical methods studied with a view to
      preventing amputation neuroma. Experimental and histological study].

PMID- 13698947
TI  - [Cardiac insufficiency in the child].

PMID- 13698948
TI  - [Rheumatic fever. Review of the cases hospitalized in the Pediatrics Department
      of the Hospital Roosevelt up to March 31, 1960].

PMID- 13698949
TI  - [Current status of cardiac surgery in Guatemala].

PMID- 13698950
TI  - [Barraquer-Simons syndrome. Surgical correction].

PMID- 13698951
TI  - [New experience with the Petersen operation for hallux valgus].

PMID- 13698952
TI  - [Treatment of large eventrations and hernias with skin flaps].

PMID- 13698953
TI  - [Phosphorus poisoning. (Study of an unusual form of suicide by phosphorus
      poisoning observed in El Salvador). Clinical, epidemiological and pathological
      study].

PMID- 13698954
TI  - [Diagnostic value of simple puncture of the liver].

PMID- 13698956
TI  - Cultural stresses and schizophrenogenesis in the mothering-one in Puerto Rico.

PMID- 13698955
TI  - [Considerations on the mechanism of action of a new relaxant, 2-(gamma
      methoxypropyl-aminomethyl)-1,4-benzodioxan hydrochloride (HA 242) in human
      clinical medicine].

PMID- 13698957
TI  - [The erradication of malaria in Spain and the Palermo conference].

PMID- 13698959
TI  - [Retraining technic in rehabilitation].

PMID- 13698958
TI  - [Physiopathology of serotonin].

PMID- 13698960
TI  - [Contributions to the study of the muco-substances. Composition and properties of
      ovomucin].

PMID- 13698961
TI  - [Cardiospasm: problems on its treatment and course].

PMID- 13698962
TI  - [The injured man in industrial accidents. Medicolegal study. His appraisal
      according to Law No. 9688 and its regulatory decree. I].

PMID- 13698963
TI  - [The injured man in work accidents. Medicolegal study. His evaluation according
      to Law No. 9688 and its statutory decree: the Argentine National Ready-reckoning
      Bill - disability table].

PMID- 13698964
TI  - [Juvenile hemorrhagic metropathy].

PMID- 13698965
TI  - [Comparative results of the intradermal reaction to tuberculin-histoplasmin
      coccidioidin in tuberculous patients].

PMID- 13698967
TI  - [Cholecystostomy].

PMID- 13698966
TI  - [Analysis of 700 cases of proctosigmoidoscopy].

PMID- 13698968
TI  - [Gonadal dysgenopathies].

PMID- 13698969
TI  - [Current problems in mental hygiene].

PMID- 13698970
TI  - [Personalization and mental hygiene].

PMID- 13698971
TI  - [Current status of the problem of reticulosis. Special study of its digestive
      syndromes (hepatospleno-enteral) and its relation with diseases caused by
      autoagression or homologous disease in man].

PMID- 13698972
TI  - [The evolutive concept of the histological picture of lymphogranuloma and its
      relation to the etiopathogenesis].

PMID- 13698973
TI  - [The late diabetic syndrome].

PMID- 13698974
TI  - Effect of ascorbic acid on experimental atherosclerosis in the chicken.

PMID- 13698975
TI  - Arthritis 1960. What is new and important.

PMID- 13698977
TI  - Low-temperature preparation techniques for electron microscopy of biological
      specimens based on rapid freezing with liquid helium II.

PMID- 13698976
TI  - The Puerto Rican syndrome: its dynamics and cultural determinants.

PMID- 13698979
TI  - [Clinical, histological and radiological aspects of female genital tuberculosis.
      (Study on 415 cases, 102 of which were operated on)].

PMID- 13698980
TI  - [Provincial maternity hospitals and perinatal mortality. Collaboration of the
      general report on the influence of the social factor and of obstetric management
      on perinatal mortality].

PMID- 13698978
TI  - [About perinatal mortality. "The children of bismuth."].

PMID- 13698981
TI  - [Royal marriages in Hispano-Portuguese dynasties. Consanguinity, sterility,
      passionate love and health. Medical annotations].

PMID- 13698982
TI  - [Spain in Portugal. I. A visit to Portuguese hospitals].

PMID- 13698983
TI  - [Treatment of benign lesions of the cervix].

PMID- 13698984
TI  - [Alimemazine tartrate in ambulatory psychiatric practice].

PMID- 13698985
TI  - [Introduction to a study of "existential'' neuroses. Psychopathological approach
      to the theme of the film of Marcel Carne: "Les tricheurs"].

PMID- 13698987
TI  - Hematoma of the rectus abdominis muscle.

PMID- 13698986
TI  - A second case of a hairworm (Gordiacea) ''parasitic'' in man in Malaya.

PMID- 13698988
TI  - Therapy of trichuriasis and ancylostomiasis with dithiazanine.

PMID- 13698989
TI  - Treatment of hookworm with chlorbetamide, bephenium and tetrachlorethylene.

PMID- 13698990
TI  - [Antibiotic - corticoid combinations in acute infections].

PMID- 13698991
TI  - Recent advances in acute leukemia in children.

PMID- 13698992
TI  - [The formation of the cap structure (acrosome) in spermatozoa development in the
      mouse weasel (Mustela nivalis L.)].

PMID- 13698993
TI  - [On large-drop inclusions in eccrine sweat glands].

PMID- 13698994
TI  - Mast cells in the myocardium.

PMID- 13698995
TI  - [Some observations on internal medicine in the Congo: in the cadre of the medical
      mission of the Swiss Red Cross in 1960].

PMID- 13698996
TI  - The inhibitory action of a polycarboxylic acid on the disruption of mast cells
      and liberation of histamine produced by compound 48/80, Ascaris extract, antigen
      antibody reaction or phospholipase A.

PMID- 13698997
TI  - Studies on procaine allergy with reference to urticaria due to procaine
      penicillin treatment. B. The medical uses of procaine and reactions due to
      procaine penicillin. Review of the literature.

PMID- 13698998
TI  - Studies on procaine allergy with reference to urticaria due to procaine
      penicillin treatment. C. Reactions following procaine due to direct skin contact
      or injection. Hypersensitivity to procaine as an expression of cross
      sensitization. Effects of procaine penicillin in persons with clinically verified
      sensitivity to procaine or chemically related substances. Review of the
      literature.

PMID- 13698999
TI  - Studies on procaine allergy with reference to urticaria due to procaine
      penicillin treatment. D. Serologic and skin tests and their clinical value in
      penicillin allergy. Review of the literature.

PMID- 13699000
TI  - Dermatitis caused by mites living on cats.

PMID- 13699001
TI  - Does granulation tissue in the intervertebral disc provoke low back pain?

PMID- 13699002
TI  - [Osseous changes in burned patients].

PMID- 13699003
TI  - [Determination of the coefficient of rate of flow of the aqueous humor by means
      of tonography and of the ''suction cup'' in diabetics].

PMID- 13699004
TI  - [Is chronic evolutive polyarthritis of metabolic origin?].

PMID- 13699005
TI  - [Hepatobiliary surgery in geriatrics].

PMID- 13699006
TI  - [Pathological anatomy of the spleen in the Banti syndromes (Banti's diseases and
      portal thromboses)].

PMID- 13699007
TI  - [Considerations on the health aspects of the earthquake at Agadir].

PMID- 13699008
TI  - [Apophysial avulsion of the ischium].

PMID- 13699009
TI  - [Apropos of infected pseudarthrosis of the tibia: the graft by postero-internal
      route].

PMID- 13699010
TI  - [Hydatido-peritoneum and hydatid choleperitoneum].

PMID- 13699011
TI  - [Peritoneal echinococcosis].

PMID- 13699012
TI  - [''Corporeal replacement'' during direct approach to foci of Pott's disease].

PMID- 13699014
TI  - [Reflections apropos of 26 traumatic arterial and arteriovenous aneurysms].

PMID- 13699013
TI  - [Spontaneous arterial ruptures].

PMID- 13699015
TI  - [''Solitary'' gastric plasmocytoma].

PMID- 13699016
TI  - [Thomas Morton's metatarsalgia (apropos of 6 cases)].

PMID- 13699017
TI  - [Unusual cholangiographic image after sphincteroplasty].

PMID- 13699018
TI  - [300 lumbar disk hernias].

PMID- 13699019
TI  - [Severe jaundice caused by viral hepatitis in Algeria].

PMID- 13699020
TI  - A follow-up study of discharged patients on thiopropazate dihydrochloride
      (Dartal) medication.

PMID- 13699021
TI  - [Study of the antibiogram in suppurative otitis media and otitis externa].

PMID- 13699022
TI  - [Study of the antibiogram in suppurative otitis media and otitis externa].

PMID- 13699023
TI  - [The substances in food with hormonal activity and their repercussions on glands
      of internal secretion in mammals].

PMID- 13699024
TI  - [The question of additive substances in animal feeds].

PMID- 13699026
TI  - [Hemodynamic study of the transposition of the great vessels].

PMID- 13699025
TI  - [Thoracic opacities of vascular origin].

PMID- 13699027
TI  - Medical observations on the prevention of car accidents.

PMID- 13699028
TI  - [Biohumoral manifestations of mesenchymal involvement in malignant neoplasms of
      the lung with special reference to rheumatalgic syndromes].

PMID- 13699029
TI  - [Protein depletion in chronic pulmonary and pleural suppurations of surgical
      importance].

PMID- 13699030
TI  - [Biohumoral aspects of venous diseases of the lower extremities. I. The
      electrophoretic protein pattern].

PMID- 13699032
TI  - [Epidemiology and prevention of trichinosis. (Review)].

PMID- 13699031
TI  - [C-reactive protein in peripheral arteriopathies (its relation to alpha 2
      globulin, alpha 2-glycoprotein and Winzler's seromucoid)].

PMID- 13699033
TI  - [On the significance of the fibrillar structure of the cytoplasm of the Gaucher
      cells].

PMID- 13699034
TI  - [Our experience with Diamox (acetazolamide) as a test of renal function].

PMID- 13699035
TI  - [Phenylisopropylhydrazine in angina pectoris].

PMID- 13699036
TI  - [Incidence of tubercular infection in sulfur-mine workers].

PMID- 13699037
TI  - [The level of blood organic iodine in the first year of life].

PMID- 13699038
TI  - [Comparison between the rate of organic iodine in maternal blood and in umbilical
      cord blood].

PMID- 13699039
TI  - [Clinical results and considerations on a new anticholinesterase agent (Nivaline)
      in the treatment of postoperative ileus].

PMID- 13699040
TI  - Continuous automatic chemical analysis in vivo. I. An instrumental approach to
      chemical pharmacology in vivo.

PMID- 13699042
TI  - [Electrocardiographical considerations and casuistic contribution on the subject
      of "chronic cor pulmonale"].

PMID- 13699041
TI  - Nitrogen determination by a continuous digestion and analysis system.

PMID- 13699043
TI  - [Longitudinal sweeping (balayage) in Chausse's III angle of incidence].

PMID- 13699045
TI  - [Sarcoma phyllodes of the breast].

PMID- 13699044
TI  - [Radiological visualization of Gartner's duct].

PMID- 13699046
TI  - [Thoraco-abdominal traumatic wounds. Treatment].

PMID- 13699047
TI  - [Biohumoral repercussions of the administration of pancreatic extracts with
      elastolytic activity in subjects with arterial atheromasia].

PMID- 13699048
TI  - [Pancreatic repercussions after elastase treatment during hypercholesterol diet
      in chickens].

PMID- 13699050
TI  - [Studies on the aortic endothelium of the fetus and newborn infant].

PMID- 13699051
TI  - Histological types in a lung cancer material in Venice.

PMID- 13699049
TI  - [Behaviour abnormalities of characterial type in children with previous dystocia
      and their bioelectrical aspects].

PMID- 13699052
TI  - [On some aspects of arterial endothelium].

PMID- 13699053
TI  - [Electroencephalographic observations in 4 cases of subacute sclerosing
      leukoencephalitis].

PMID- 13699054
TI  - Photochemical synthesis of amino-acids and a new transamination process by
      transfer of free amino-radicals.

PMID- 13699055
TI  - [Modern views concerning the pathogenesis of Flajani-Basedow's disease].

PMID- 13699056
TI  - [On the antitrypanosomal action of hydrosoluble compounds of bismuth].

PMID- 13699057
TI  - [The elimination of drugs through milk. Vitamins].

PMID- 13699058
TI  - [The elimination of drugs through the milk].

PMID- 13699059
TI  - The path of carbon in photosynthesis of the lipids.

PMID- 13699060
TI  - [Blood levels of tetracycline after oral administration of
      pyrrolidinomethyltetracycline].

PMID- 13699061
TI  - [Modifications induced by surface-active agents in the disposal of waste water].

PMID- 13699062
TI  - [The Opera Pia di S. Corona in Milan and its importance in the origins of modern
      medical conduct].

PMID- 13699064
TI  - [Loop transversostomies. Technic and complications].

PMID- 13699065
TI  - [New drugs. Trimethoxybenzamide hydrochloride (Tigan hydrochloride)].

PMID- 13699063
TI  - Stretching activity in dogs intracisternally injected with a synthetic melanocyte
      stimulating hexapeptide.

PMID- 13699066
TI  - [Fatty necrosis in a strawberry gallbladder].

PMID- 13699067
TI  - [10 years of experience with endo-umbilical transfusion for resuscitation of the
      severely hypoxemic newborn infant].

PMID- 13699068
TI  - [Technical procedures for resuscitation of the hypoxemic newborn infant in the
      Clinica Ostetrica a Ginecologica of Perugia].

PMID- 13699069
TI  - [Relation between goiter endemia and iodine content of the drinking water in some
      zones of Piedmont and Sardinia].

PMID- 13699070
TI  - [The hospital:corporation and business of public benefit].

PMID- 13699071
TI  - Research project on etiopathogenesis and treatment of demyelinating diseases.

PMID- 13699072
TI  - [Our experience with persantin].

PMID- 13699073
TI  - [Unsolved problems of Italy in Brefotrofi and legislative deficiency on the plane
      of care coordination and organization].

PMID- 13699074
TI  - [Ideas on the treatment of fractures of the face].

PMID- 13699075
TI  - [Peripheral nerve lesions in military surgery].

PMID- 13699076
TI  - [Determination of the lysozyme activity of blood platelets using dried and
      standardized cultures of Micrococcus lysodeicticus].

PMID- 13699077
TI  - [Amino acids and organic acids of various swine organs in normal and pathologic
      states].

PMID- 13699078
TI  - Providing pharmacy service through a smaller-larger hospital arrangement.

PMID- 13699080
TI  - Transplantation of marrow in man.

PMID- 13699079
TI  - [Clinico-therapeutic contribution on the use of a phenothiazine derivative in
      psychiatry].

PMID- 13699082
TI  - [Notes on the determination of urinary 17-hydrocorticoids in laboratory animals].

PMID- 13699081
TI  - Present status of bone marrow transplantation in man.

PMID- 13699083
TI  - [The Stein-Leventhal syndrome: a problem of hormonology].

PMID- 13699084
TI  - [The retrosteroids].

PMID- 13699085
TI  - Empathy and the bridge function of the ego.

PMID- 13699086
TI  - The "double-bind" and delinquent behavior.

PMID- 13699088
TI  - [Influence of forced exercise on mitosis of the corneal epithelium in the rat].

PMID- 13699087
TI  - The etiology of schizophrenia. A review.
AB  - The causes and the nature of the psychiatric disorder labeled schizophrenia
      remain vexingly obscure. Perhaps as an expression of a still extant body-mind
      controversy, most of the experiments and statements made toward an elucidation of
      the problem follow one or the other of two opposing postulations: (a) That its
      origin is genetico-organic; (b) that it is environmental. In a review of the
      outstanding "facts" for either argument, it is notable that they presuppose not
      only a difference in theoretical frameworks, but two radically distinct outlooks.
      This is reflected in therapy, a field in which organicists and environmentalists
      stand even further apart; the organicist, relying heavily on electroshock and
      drugs, hopes to counteract a hypothetical body malfunction, and the
      environmentalist, through psychotherapy, attempts to make it possible for the
      patient to disentangle his own conflicting feelings and reaction patterns.
      Between the two an eclectic position seems hardly tenable. For, in spite of
      voluminous research and speculation, it has not been possible to build a bridge
      between the two camps and integrate different outlooks which, at times, have
      brought psychiatry almost to the point of schism.

PMID- 13699089
TI  - [Colpocytodiagnosis of 60 cases of intraepithelial carcinoma of the uterine
      cervix].

PMID- 13699090
TI  - [Clinical treatment of endocervicitis].

PMID- 13699091
TI  - [Cytodiagnosis of uterine adenocarcinoma].

PMID- 13699092
TI  - [Menorrhagia and blood dyscrasias].

PMID- 13699093
TI  - [Professor Arnaldo de MORAES, 1893-1961].

PMID- 13699094
TI  - [The importance of dyskaryosis or of class III in early diagnosis of cancer].

PMID- 13699095
TI  - [Uterine prolapse in a young nullipara. Result of the Bumm-Schaefer operation].

PMID- 13699096
TI  - [Peritoneal hydatidosis. Presentation of the first case, probably autochthonous,
      in the Territory of Acre].

PMID- 13699098
TI  - [Bilharziasis. The focus of Malanje (Angola). (Aid for the study of bilharziasis
      in Angola)].

PMID- 13699097
TI  - [Clinical experimentation with the use of a new hypocholesterolenic agent.
      Diphenesenic acid].

PMID- 13699099
TI  - [Requirements of amino acids and composition of the proteins of foods].

PMID- 13699100
TI  - [Apropos of a new case of fascioliasis].

PMID- 13699101
TI  - The teaching of tropical medicine as a branch of medicine.

PMID- 13699105
TI  - [Super-illumination in the treatment of hyperbilirubinemia in the newborn].

PMID- 13699104
TI  - [Classic serological tests in the diagnosis of syphilis (in particular, their
      natural nonspecificity and their artificial specificity)].

PMID- 13699107
TI  - [Free fibrin in the circulation. Immunological test for the identification of
      free fibrin].

PMID- 13699102
TI  - [Extractor aid for vertex delivery].

PMID- 13699106
TI  - [Phototherapy. A new therapeutic method in hyperbilirubinemia of the newborn].

PMID- 13699103
TI  - [Acute phase of Chagas' disease in children. Clinical aspects observed in 57
      cases].

PMID- 13699108
TI  - [Renal functional exploration in polyuria].

PMID- 13699109
TI  - [A case of hyperplasia of the thymus gland].

PMID- 13699110
TI  - [Do Spiegel's hernias exist? Reflexions on a personal case].

PMID- 13699111
TI  - [The test of Delgado Febres. Evaluation of its results].

PMID- 13699112
TI  - [Intra-abdominal foreign body of surgical origin].

PMID- 13699113
TI  - [Our experience in cancer of the cecum and ascending colon].

PMID- 13699114
TI  - [Subphrenic abscess of very remote presentation].

PMID- 13699115
TI  - [The radiological visualization of the calculus in biliary ileus and the
      possibilities of error. Presentation of 2 cases].

PMID- 13699116
TI  - [On the structure and phagocytic capacity of blood platelets].

PMID- 13699117
TI  - Noncicatricial entropion of lower lid treated by the Paiva Goncalves Filho
      suture.

PMID- 13699118
TI  - [Extrinsic ocular paralysis. (Considerations of semiotics and therapy)].

PMID- 13699119
TI  - [Apropos of 2 cases of infection by Isospora beli, Wenyon 1923].

PMID- 13699120
TI  - [Recent progress in surgery of the cornea].

PMID- 13699121
TI  - [Vision in children. Pleoptics].

PMID- 13699122
TI  - [Diffuse and interstitial idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (Hamman-Rich syndrome)].

PMID- 13699123
TI  - Contribution to the study of stratum granulosum and the epidermis biology:
      stratum oxybioticum and stratum anoxybioticum.

PMID- 13699124
TI  - A contribution to the biology of the epidermis: stratum oxybioticum and stratum
      anoxybioticum.

PMID- 13699125
TI  - A contribution to the study of the Sjogren syndrome.

PMID- 13699126
TI  - Sensory imbalance in alopecia mucinosa.

PMID- 13699127
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the biology of the epidermis: "stratum oxybioticum"
      and "stratum anoxybioticum"].

PMID- 13699129
TI  - [Our procedure in the dead and retained fetus].

PMID- 13699130
TI  - [Corected transposition of the great vessels].

PMID- 13699128
TI  - Aperistalsis of the esophagus and colon (megaesophagus and megacolon)
      etiologically related to Chagas' disease.

PMID- 13699131
TI  - The use of a transplanted segment of ileum as an absorbing pouch for cerebro
      spinal fluid in congenital hydrocephalus.

PMID- 13699133
TI  - [Surgical indications of diabetic cataract].

PMID- 13699132
TI  - Speech audiometry: a discrimination test for Spanish language.

PMID- 13699134
TI  - [Biochemical research on some enzymes (alkaline and acid phosphomonoesterases,
      esterases) of the kidney of Triturus cristatus carnifex Laur. Preliminary note].

PMID- 13699135
TI  - [Study of the pathology of the posterior labyrinth by means of
      electronystagmographic registration of the threshold of vestibular excitability].

PMID- 13699137
TI  - Cytological diagnosis in otorhinolaryngology. The special use of lymph nodal
      puncture.

PMID- 13699136
TI  - [Contribution to the study of adenomas of the upper respiratory and digestive
      tracts].

PMID- 13699138
TI  - [On the audio-toxicity of small doses of dihydrostreptomycin].

PMID- 13699139
TI  - [Our treatment of fractures of the humerus in old age].

PMID- 13699140
TI  - [Special effect of nitroglycerin on the U wave of the electrocardiogram in
      coronary insufficiency].

PMID- 13699141
TI  - [The sanitary problem of the contamination of surface waters].

PMID- 13699142
TI  - [Action of 4-beta-hydroxyethyldiethylenediaminomethyltetracycline
      phenoxymethylpenicillinate on penicillin-tetracycline resistant Staphylococcus
      aureus].

PMID- 13699143
TI  - [Staphylococcal penicillinase: variations in production and activity].

PMID- 13699145
TI  - [The consolidation of fractures in old age].

PMID- 13699144
TI  - [On a rare case of gastric ulcer in a child splenectomized for Werlhof's disease.
      Etiopathogenetic considerations].

PMID- 13699146
TI  - [Contribution to the knowledge of intertransverse processes of the lumbar spine].

PMID- 13699147
TI  - [On a case of cryptogenetic osteolysis].

PMID- 13699148
TI  - [Utilization of the seriograph in simultaneous multiple stratigraphy with
      pluridirectional method].

PMID- 13699149
TI  - [Toxicomanias caused by psychostimulating drugs].

PMID- 13699150
TI  - [Clinical research on the action of a new preparation with a pyrazolone
      pyrazolidone base].

PMID- 13699151
TI  - The contribution of radiant heat to environmental stress.

PMID- 13699152
TI  - [Research on polyenic essential and indispensable fatty acids of lipids of organs
      of the rat].

PMID- 13699153
TI  - [Experimental study of the diffusion of an iodine-labeled collvrium after
      conjunctival instllation].

PMID- 13699154
TI  - [False diaphragmatic hernia in a dog].

PMID- 13699155
TI  - [Immunochemical study of intracellular antigens].

PMID- 13699156
TI  - [Measurement of viscosity of the blood using a new apparatus].

PMID- 13699157
TI  - [Wissler-Fanconi syndrome. Apropos of 2 cases].

PMID- 13699158
TI  - Growth disturbances and values for hormone excretion in various forms of
      precocious sexual development.

PMID- 13699159
TI  - [Sjoegren's syndrome. Apropos of a case associated with diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 13699160
TI  - Use of corticosteroids in infertility associated with hirsuties and
      oligomenorrhoea.

PMID- 13699161
TI  - Corticosteroid therapy.

PMID- 13699162
TI  - The present status of corticosteroid therapy.

PMID- 13699163
TI  - [Hepatography with radioactive tracers].

PMID- 13699164
TI  - [Possibilities of the use of the pH-stat in the study of some aspects of cellular
      metabolism].

PMID- 13699165
TI  - Action of trypsin on Bence-Jones protein derivatives.

PMID- 13699166
TI  - [Conditions affecting the extraction of Strongyloides steroralis larvae from
      feces with the modified Looss-Baermann method (the saucer technic)].

PMID- 13699167
TI  - The croup viruses: bacteriological aspects.

PMID- 13699168
TI  - Effect of tracheostomy tubes on the resistance to breathing and pulmonary
      resistance in patients with poliomyelitis.

PMID- 13699169
TI  - Tuberculosis in transported deer. A case report.

PMID- 13699170
TI  - Correlative serologic studies on brucellosis and leptospirosis in cattle and deer
      in Illinois.

PMID- 13699171
TI  - Research into the nidality of Leptospira ballum in campestral hosts including the
      hog-nosed snake (Heterodon platyrhinus).

PMID- 13699172
TI  - Report of surgery of the biliary system and pancreas for 1958 and 1959.

PMID- 13699173
TI  - Nephrotic syndrome caused by probenecid.

PMID- 13699174
TI  - Because of one nurse in Cali, Colombia...

PMID- 13699175
TI  - [First clinical observations on the action of the drug methaminodiazepoxide
      (MADO) with delayed effect in psychiatric patients].

PMID- 13699176
TI  - [Diabetic arteritis and its treatment].

PMID- 13699177
TI  - [Fibroangioadenomatosis of the liver with portal hypertension. I. Clinical
      aspects. Radiology. Treatment].

PMID- 13699178
TI  - [Diagram of explorations of the portal system and elements of surgical treatment
      during portal hypertension in the child].

PMID- 13699179
TI  - [Drainage of the canal of Wirsung in the course of acute hemorrhagic
      pancreatitis].

PMID- 13699180
TI  - [Cirrhoses during the course of malformations of the bile ducts].

PMID- 13699181
TI  - [Principal causes of infantile cirrhoses].

PMID- 13699183
TI  - [Electric phenomena in the ventricular cells of the embryonic form of the heart].

PMID- 13699182
TI  - [Version by combined maneuvers at 1'Hopital Maisonneuve from April 1954 to
      January 1960].

PMID- 13699184
TI  - [Intracellular potentials in ventricular elements of the embryonal rudiment of
      the heart after mechanical stimulation].

PMID- 13699185
TI  - [On some hematochemical tests for the preventive humoral diagnosis of
      atherosclerosis. Results of research carried out on a group of recruits].

PMID- 13699186
TI  - Cerebral nucormycosis (phycomycosis), Ocular findings and review of literatue.

PMID- 13699187
TI  - Punishment of S delta responding in matching to sample by time out from positive
      reinforcement.

PMID- 13699188
TI  - The development of performances in autistic children in an automatically
      controlled environment.

PMID- 13699189
TI  - Positive reinforcement and behavioral deficits of autistic children.

PMID- 13699191
TI  - [Importance of statistics in medical studies].

PMID- 13699190
TI  - Clinical experiences with guanethidine in ambulatory hypertensive subjects.

PMID- 13699192
TI  - [Anesthesia and resuscitation in commissurotomy for mitral stenosis].

PMID- 13699193
TI  - [Benign tumors of the small intestine].

PMID- 13699195
TI  - [On some aspects of adrenocortical function in diabetes insipidus].

PMID- 13699194
TI  - [On the treatment of arterial hypertension with a drug inhibiting monoamine
      oxidase (DL-serine-N2-isopropylhydrazide)].

PMID- 13699196
TI  - [Hemodynamic and metabolic aspects of the cerebral circulation in hepatic
      cirrhosis].

PMID- 13699197
TI  - [5,4-d]pyrimidine on coronary circulation in the dog].

PMID- 13699198
TI  - [Comparative determination of the renal circulatory flow with the N20 method and
      with the PAI clearance method].

PMID- 13699199
TI  - [Coronary and renal flwo in experimental pulmonary embolism].

PMID- 13699200
TI  - [Studies on the circulation of an organ: action of hypertensin on cardiac output
      and on coronary and cerebral circulation].

PMID- 13699201
TI  - [Studies on the circulation of an organ: simulataneous determination of coronary,
      cerebral and renal blood flow, of cardiac output and of the oxygen consumption of
      the heart, brain and kidneys].

PMID- 13699202
TI  - [Studies on the circulation of an organ; action of hypertensin on cardiac output
      and renal circulation].

PMID- 13699203
TI  - [Studies on the circulation of an organ: changes in the technic of
      catheterization of the coronary sinus in the dog].

PMID- 13699204
TI  - [The coronary, renal and cerebral circulatory rate in extracorporeal
      circulation].

PMID- 13699205
TI  - [New physical and pharmacological treatment of cancer of the prostate].

PMID- 13699206
TI  - [Medicopsychological research on the effects of Tofranil on normal and sick
      persons].

PMID- 13699207
TI  - [The effects of a new antidepressant on the symptomatology and course of
      depressive states].

PMID- 13699208
TI  - [The future of social medicine in Algeria].

PMID- 13699209
TI  - [The future of the Algerian medical corps].

PMID- 13699210
TI  - [Investigations of the phenomenon of conglutination. III. On the capacity of
      purified conglutinins to flocculats different microbial genera in absence of
      complement].

PMID- 13699211
TI  - [Observations on the phenomenon of conglutination. I. Comparative study of the
      conglutination of red cells, zymosan, kaolin and inulin].

PMID- 13699212
TI  - [Observations on the phenomenon of conglutination. II. Method for the isolation
      of the conglutinins of bovine serum].

PMID- 13699213
TI  - A further abnormality of foetal haemoglobin.

PMID- 13699214
TI  - Electrophoretic and analytical ultra-centrifuge studies in sera of psychotic
      patients: elevation of gamma globulins and macroglobulins, and splitting of alpha
      globulins.

PMID- 13699215
TI  - Disturbed serum proteins in chronic psychosis. Serological, medical and
      psychiatric correlations.

PMID- 13699216
TI  - Serum protein abnormalities in psychosis: a preliminary report.

PMID- 13699217
TI  - Diagnostic difficulties in mild haemophilia and Christmas disease.
AB  - Two cases of haemorrhagic diathesis are described, where the laboratory diagnosis
      was confused owing to previous blood transfusions. Without the help of
      investigating the relatives, the nephew of Case 1, the haemophiliac, and the
      uncle of Case 2, with Christmas disease, there would have been considerable delay
      in reaching the diagnosis and so instituting the correct treatment.

PMID- 13699218
TI  - Observations on the production of pyrogenic substances by rabbit and human
      leucocytes.
AB  - 1. The mechanism of release of a pyrogen from leucocytes has been studied in
      cells obtained from sterile rabbit peritoneal exudates and from rabbit blood.
      Attempts were made to induce human leucocytes-from blood-to release a pyrogen. 2.
      Rabbit leucocytes, kept below 4 degrees C., were not pyrogenic and did not
      release any pyrogen when disintegrated. Incubating such cells, in various media,
      at 37 degrees C. led to the formation of a pyrogen which was heat-labile. The
      maximum yield was attained after 1(1/2) hours' incubation. 3. The formation of
      rabbit leucocytic pyrogen was prevented by freezing and thawing the leucocytes,
      by heating them to 56 degrees C. for half an hour before incubation, and by
      ageing them in the cold. 4. Nitrofurazone (5-nitro-2-furaldehyde semicarbazone)
      prevents the formation of leucocytic pyrogen when given by mouth to the cell
      donor animals, or when added to leucocytes in intro. 5. Leucocytes from rabbit
      blood formed leucocytic pyrogen, on incubation in saline, and this formation was
      also inhibited by nitrofurazone. 6. No leucocytic pyrogen was released from human
      leucocytes subjected to mechanical, osmotic, or thermal damage, and it was not
      formed when the cells were incubated in saline. 7. The source of rabbit
      leucocytic pyrogen, the action of nitrofurazone on leucocytes, and the supposed
      role of leucocytic pyrogen in fever are discussed.

PMID- 13699219
TI  - Some properties of neutral-salt-soluble collagen. 1.

PMID- 13699220
TI  - Some properties of neutral-salt-soluble collagen. 2.

PMID- 13699221
TI  - Synthesis of protein in a purine-requiring Escherichia coli infected with
      bacteriophage T2.

PMID- 13699222
TI  - [The effect of para-aminosalicylic acid on the development of experimental
      goiter].

PMID- 13699223
TI  - Attempted induction of immunological tolerance in rabbits using living Treponema
      pallidum.

PMID- 13699224
TI  - [A modified technic in mammoplasty to avoid mammillary and tissue necrosis].

PMID- 13699225
TI  - [On the operability of hemophilics].

PMID- 13699226
TI  - [Organization of health protection in the county of Schoenebeck on the Elbe].

PMID- 13699227
TI  - [The district hospital as a health center].

PMID- 13699228
TI  - Human cutaneous sporotrichosis due to Sporotrichum schenckii; technique for
      demonstration of organisms in tissues.

PMID- 13699230
TI  - [A suprafollicular ovarian pregnancy].

PMID- 13699229
TI  - Effect of epsilon aminocaproic acid on bleeding after prostatectomy.

PMID- 13699231
TI  - Late complications of extraperiosteal lucite ball plombage.

PMID- 13699232
TI  - [Double curves in the colloid reaction (normomastix reaction) as a manifestation
      of the spinal compression syndrome].

PMID- 13699234
TI  - Acute soft tissue calcinosis.

PMID- 13699233
TI  - [On the release of muscle reflexes in relation to the age].

PMID- 13699235
TI  - [On the technic of Sakel's insulin cure. Comparative research on a highly
      purified and a non-purified insulin preparation].

PMID- 13699236
TI  - [The use of hydroxydione in neurology and psychiatry].

PMID- 13699237
TI  - Subcorneal pustular dermatosis, Sneddon-Wilkinson, with face lesions. The first
      case in Israel.

PMID- 13699238
TI  - [Facilitation of labor and delivery by vacuum extraction of the fetus].

PMID- 13699239
TI  - Interaction between perfluorooctanoic acid and the fibrous proteins keratin and
      collagen.

PMID- 13699240
TI  - Evaluation of compulsory ECGs for armed forces personnel aged 40 and over.

PMID- 13699241
TI  - [The 1959 influenza in hospitalized military personnel in the Hopital Ste-Foy,
      Quebec].

PMID- 13699242
TI  - [Latent venous insufficiency in the sequelae of burns of the lower extremities].

PMID- 13699243
TI  - [Apropos of a case of arterial graft in a human].

PMID- 13699244
TI  - [Serological diagnosis of rheumatism in clinical practice].

PMID- 13699245
TI  - [Standard infusion therapy with standard infusion solutions].

PMID- 13699246
TI  - [Determination of cholesterol in the blood. Method of Zlatkis, Zak and Boyle].

PMID- 13699247
TI  - [Inferior femoral epiphysitis].

PMID- 13699248
TI  - [Indications and results of surgery of cutaneo-mucosal angiomas in childhood].

PMID- 13699249
TI  - [110 children treated with cutaneous grafts of the hand (wounds of the fingers,
      sequelae of burns, syndactylias, angiomas)].

PMID- 13699250
TI  - [2 points of radiological diagnosis in duodenal stenosis caused by annular
      pancreas].

PMID- 13699251
TI  - [Marcel LANCE (1874-1960)].

PMID- 13699253
TI  - A method for the analysis of urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids.

PMID- 13699252
TI  - [Readaptation of children in the hospital].

PMID- 13699254
TI  - Nitrate reductase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

PMID- 13699255
TI  - Respiratory enzymes in Micrococcus denitrificans.

PMID- 13699256
TI  - Utilization of nitrate by microorganisms.

PMID- 13699257
TI  - Utilization of nitric oxide by micro-organisms and higher plants.

PMID- 13699258
TI  - [Some problems posed by renal insufficiency secondary to lithiasis].

PMID- 13699259
TI  - [Biology of urogenital tuberculosis].

PMID- 13699260
TI  - An investigation of some mathematical models for learning.

PMID- 13699261
TI  - Fluid and electrolyte balance and nutrition in infants and children.

PMID- 13699262
TI  - Fluid and electrolyte balance during neonatal adaptation.

PMID- 13699263
TI  - [Action on the genital tract of the rat of 2 derivatives of reserpine.
      Neuroendocrine correlations].

PMID- 13699264
TI  - [Mode of action of various reserpine derivatives on the corpus luteum cycle in
      the rat].

PMID- 13699265
TI  - [On nuclear polymorphism of various types of cells in the cadaver and excised
      tissue].

PMID- 13699266
TI  - [On the distinguishing features between bronchial carcinoid and bronchial
      muciparous adenoma].

PMID- 13699267
TI  - [On the enteric and bronchial carcinoid].

PMID- 13699268
TI  - [On the problem of endocrine factors in the so-called mixed salivary gland
      tumors].

PMID- 13699269
TI  - [On the types of bronchial adenoma].

PMID- 13699270
TI  - A survey of toxoplasmosis in an Ontario community.

PMID- 13699271
TI  - [Autoimmune hemolytic anemia due to specific autoantibodies].

PMID- 13699272
TI  - [Operation of the inguino-vaginal-retropubic loop for the treatment of relative
      urinary incontinence in the woman].

PMID- 13699273
TI  - [Comparative diagnostic evaluation of thyroid gland function tests].

PMID- 13699274
TI  - [Trypsin inhibition by antihistaminics].

PMID- 13699275
TI  - Behaviour and fate of conserved homogenous articular cartilage under experimental
      conditions.

PMID- 13699276
TI  - Bone needle biopsy in the differential diagnosis of destructive processes.

PMID- 13699277
TI  - [Stress fractures and their evaluation with special reference to work capacity].

PMID- 13699278
TI  - [Pressure arthrodesis].

PMID- 13699279
TI  - Microsomal inactivator of deoxycytidylic acid deaminase.

PMID- 13699280
TI  - Acid soluble ribonucleotides in adrenal tissue after hormonal stimulation.

PMID- 13699281
TI  - Enzymatic deamination of deoxyadenylic and adenylic acids by normal and cancerous
      rat liver tissues.

PMID- 13699282
TI  - [Pathological anatomy of South American blastomycosis (Lutz disease)].

PMID- 13699283
TI  - Studies on a liver activator of beta-glucuronidase.

PMID- 13699284
TI  - [A new method for the examination of the small intestine with the aid of barium
      meal and sorbitol].

PMID- 13699285
TI  - [Contribution of the general practitioner to modern psychiatry].

PMID- 13699286
TI  - The quality of military medical reports.

PMID- 13699287
TI  - [Double contrast cystography with propyliodone-barium].

PMID- 13699289
TI  - [Historical points of electrology].

PMID- 13699288
TI  - [Effect of microwaves and ultrasonics on the capillaries].

PMID- 13699290
TI  - [Pulmonary circulation in polycythemia vera. Angiocardiographic study].

PMID- 13699291
TI  - The thyroid function and iodine metabolism in the nephrotic syndrome, and certain
      diseases of the kidney.

PMID- 13699292
TI  - [Early findings concerning the therapeutic activity of a cyclic phosphoramide
      ester of nitrogen mustard (cyclophosphamide) in Hodgkin's granuloma].

PMID- 13699293
TI  - [Amino acids in the nephrotic syndrome. Note 2. Aminoaciduria in the
      paranephritic nephrotic syndrome. Chromatographic observations].

PMID- 13699294
TI  - [The amino acids in the nephrotic syndrome. Note III. The plasmatic amino acids
      in the paranephritic nephrotic syndrome in children and adults].

PMID- 13699296
TI  - Pancreatic lithiasis.

PMID- 13699295
TI  - [Aldosterone and electrolyte balance in the nephrotic syndrome].

PMID- 13699297
TI  - The impalpables of abdominal surgery.

PMID- 13699298
TI  - [Diseases of the sternoclavicular joint].

PMID- 13699299
TI  - [Osteolytic form of a myeloplaxic tumor of the femur].

PMID- 13699300
TI  - [Treatment of inappetence in children].

PMID- 13699301
TI  - [Surgical indications of alimemazine tartrate].

PMID- 13699302
TI  - [Experiment on quantitative evaluation of plethysmographic initial curve and its
      relation to the conditions of central nervous system regulation].

PMID- 13699303
TI  - [Quantitative analysis of unconditioned and conditioned vascular reflexes].

PMID- 13699304
TI  - On the origin of the lymphocytes in the skin.

PMID- 13699305
TI  - The importance of different lymph nodes in lymphocyte recirculation.

PMID- 13699306
TI  - Autoradiographic analysis of the accumulation of lymphocytes in wounds.

PMID- 13699307
TI  - Blood lymphocytes in supravital and dried smear preparations studied with
      mitochondrial stain.

PMID- 13699308
TI  - The influence of thymectomy on antibody formation.

PMID- 13699309
TI  - On the age and origin of the lymphocytes in wounds.

PMID- 13699310
TI  - [Studies on the structure and function of connective tissue. 5. Differentiation
      of tendon connective tissue during growth and its modification by desmotropic
      pharmacological agents].

PMID- 13699311
TI  - [On sterile suppuration. Clinical observations from peacetime and military
      surgery].

PMID- 13699312
TI  - [Healing of cavitation in lung cysts].

PMID- 13699313
TI  - [Osteomyelitis and osteophlegmons].

PMID- 13699314
TI  - [Metabolism of nucleic acids and proteins in giant chromosomes].

PMID- 13699315
TI  - Localization of different types of ribonucleic acids (RNA's) in amphibian
      oocytes.

PMID- 13699316
TI  - Duodenal diverticulum containing a stone, complicated by perforation.

PMID- 13699317
TI  - Limy bile in the common bile duct.

PMID- 13699318
TI  - [Experimental and clinical research on demethylchlortetracycline in urinary
      infections].

PMID- 13699319
TI  - [Apropos of a case of renal echinococcal cysts].

PMID- 13699321
TI  - [Closed injuries of the duodenum].

PMID- 13699320
TI  - [On Tokuoka's test in urology. Experimental contribution].

PMID- 13699322
TI  - [Space perception and spatial concepts in the blind and the blind-born].

PMID- 13699323
TI  - Atypical myocardial infarction.

PMID- 13699324
TI  - [A simple method for the determination of the growth intensity of mycelium
      forming fungi on liquid culture medium].

PMID- 13699325
TI  - [On the treatment of bacterial infections in internal medicine with sulfa
      perlongit].

PMID- 13699326
TI  - Carcinoma of the conjunctiva after enucleation. A case report.

PMID- 13699327
TI  - [Cardiac decompensation and secondary adrenocortical insufficiency: morphological
      relations and therapeutic consequences].

PMID- 13699328
TI  - [Modified chemotherapy of malignant tumors with glucocorticoids and sex
      hormones].

PMID- 13699329
TI  - [Monoamine oxidase inhibitors in cardiology].

PMID- 13699330
TI  - [Relation between anabolic agents and specific contractile elements of the
      myocardium].

PMID- 13699331
TI  - [The differential indication for synthetic glucocorticoids].

PMID- 13699332
TI  - [The influence of anabolic substances on myocardial metabolism, their use in the
      treatment of myocardial disorders].

PMID- 13699333
TI  - [What advantages are to be found in the use of glucocorticoids in the treatment
      of severe progressive infectious diseases?].

PMID- 13699334
TI  - [Postoperative malignant hyperthermic syndrome with leukopenia. Spectacular cure
      with soludecadron].

PMID- 13699335
TI  - [How Biermer's anemia is currently understood].

PMID- 13699336
TI  - [Management of blood eosinophilia].

PMID- 13699337
TI  - [Minor hemato-vascular disorders of the stomatologists. The hazards of dental
      radiographies].

PMID- 13699338
TI  - [Paul CHEVALLIER (1884-1960)].

PMID- 13699339
TI  - [Malformation and aneurysms of the left coronary artery with perforation into the
      left ventricle].

PMID- 13699340
TI  - [Noncharacteristic sounds in patent ductus arteriosus botalli resulting in late
      surgical treatment].

PMID- 13699341
TI  - [Pressure measurement in the right coronary artery].

PMID- 13699342
TI  - [Clinical experiences with lanatoside A].

PMID- 13699343
TI  - Spring rise in faecal worm-egg counts of housed sheep, and its importance in
      nutritional experiments.

PMID- 13699344
TI  - Studies on magnesium in ruminant nutrition. 2. The effect of abrupt changes in
      the nature of the diet on the urinary magnesium excretion of sheep.

PMID- 13699345
TI  - Studies on magnesium in ruminant nutrition. 3. Distribution of 28Mg in the gastro
      intestinal tract and tissues of sheep.

PMID- 13699346
TI  - Uptake of magnesium-28 by the skeleton of a sheep.

PMID- 13699347
TI  - Response of normal and multiple sclerotic subjects to typhoid-paratyphoid vaccine
      injections.

PMID- 13699348
TI  - Anti-gamma-globulin consumption test in Hashimoto's disease.
AB  - A simple anti-gamma-globulin consumption test for use in suspected Hashimoto's
      disease is described. Results in cases with positive and negative tanned red-cell
      tests are described.

PMID- 13699349
TI  - Cerebrospinal fluid gamma-globulin in multiple sclerosis. Observations on its
      nature.

PMID- 13699350
TI  - Effect of x-irradiation upon the development of experimental allergic
      encephalomyelitis in guines-pigs.

PMID- 13699351
TI  - Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.

PMID- 13699352
TI  - Liver necrosis in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis of the guinea pig.

PMID- 13699353
TI  - Turnover of thymidine in the DNA of marrow and intestinal mucosa in mice, and its
      response to administration of 5-fluorouracil.

PMID- 13699354
TI  - Dynamic aspects of cholesterol metabolism in different areas of the aorta and
      other tissues in man and their relationship to atherosclerosis.

PMID- 13699355
TI  - A case of neuromyelitis optica.

PMID- 13699356
TI  - The clinical intoxication induced by a heparinoid.

PMID- 13699357
TI  - Insulin-resistant diabetes associated with increased endogenous plasma insulin
      followed by complete remission.

PMID- 13699359
TI  - Studies of pathways of glucose metabolism of endocrine tissues.

PMID- 13699358
TI  - Effect of insulin on D-xylose disappearance in diabetic patients.

PMID- 13699360
TI  - Studies on the mechanism of action of thyroid stimulating hormone on glucose
      oxidation.

PMID- 13699361
TI  - Insulin resistance.

PMID- 13699362
TI  - Vitamin-D-resistant rickets: the effect of calcium infusion on phosphate
      reabsorption.

PMID- 13699363
TI  - The role of spleno-pulmonary parenchymatous anastomosis in the reduction of
      portal hypertension in dogs.

PMID- 13699364
TI  - The effect of hypophyseal stalk section on insulin resistance.

PMID- 13699365
TI  - The elderly thyrotoxic patient.

PMID- 13699366
TI  - Allylestrenol: a new oral progestogen.

PMID- 13699367
TI  - Faucet-fixer or patient care team member?

PMID- 13699368
TI  - A study of the chronic toxicity of anisindione and phenylindanedione in dogs.

PMID- 13699369
TI  - Intravenous iron-dextrin in iron-deficiency anaemia.

PMID- 13699370
TI  - Shoulder fusion using single screw fixation.

PMID- 13699371
TI  - Phlyctenular conjunctivitis. Case report of a European girl.

PMID- 13699372
TI  - Hospital records as evidence in court.

PMID- 13699373
TI  - The effects of Deanol in children with organic and functional behavior disorders.

PMID- 13699374
TI  - Oxytocin in obstetrics.

PMID- 13699375
TI  - Indicated termination of late pregnancy.

PMID- 13699376
TI  - The hazards and contraindications to the induction of labor.

PMID- 13699377
TI  - Bulging fontanel: a complication of tetracycline therapy in infants.

PMID- 13699378
TI  - Growth of Aspergillus oryzae in irradiated sucrose-nitrate medium.

PMID- 13699379
TI  - Effect of irradiation on growth and enzyme activity of Aspergillus oryzae.

PMID- 13699380
TI  - The topical use of antihistamines with steroids in skin disorders. A preliminary
      report.

PMID- 13699381
TI  - New simple radiation scanning system.

PMID- 13699382
TI  - Bilateral carotid artery thrombosis.

PMID- 13699383
TI  - Effect of low concentrations of oxytocin on the uterine response to electrical
      stimulation.

PMID- 13699384
TI  - [The treatment of African trypanosomiasis with Furacin].

PMID- 13699385
TI  - [Delayed localized damage from "thorotrast"].

PMID- 13699386
TI  - New training program for anesthesiology residents.

PMID- 13699388
TI  - A micro-method for the determination of ribonuclease activity.

PMID- 13699387
TI  - [Hydatidosis of the spinal column. Study and considerations on 10 clinical
      cases].

PMID- 13699389
TI  - The ribonuclease-activity of barley.

PMID- 13699390
TI  - The determination of ribonuclease activity.

PMID- 13699391
TI  - [Anxiety, truth and confidence in cancer].

PMID- 13699392
TI  - [Regulation of the renal excretion of sodium in the hypertensive subject with
      normal and changed renal function].

PMID- 13699393
TI  - The use of Cr51 labelled red blood cells in the study of splenomegaly and the
      seats of haemocatheresis.

PMID- 13699394
TI  - The clinical applications of "in vitro" culture of bone marrow.

PMID- 13699395
TI  - [Research on iron deficiency anemias by means of Fe59].

PMID- 13699396
TI  - [Radioencephalography for the study of the cerebral circulation in vascular
      lesions. The renewal rate].

PMID- 13699397
TI  - [Contribution to the longitudinal electroclincal study of cerebral apoplexy].

PMID- 13699398
TI  - [On the subject of daily variations of the psychomorbose state in depressive
      syndromes].

PMID- 13699399
TI  - [Enzyme electrophoresis of the cerebrospinal fluid. I. Proposal of a method].

PMID- 13699400
TI  - [Enzyme electrophoresis of the cerebrospinal fluid. II. Localization of
      transminase activity in cerebrospinal fluidal protein fractions].

PMID- 13699402
TI  - [Home medical care in the provinces and abroad].

PMID- 13699401
TI  - [Enzyme electrophoresis of the cerebrospinal fluid. III. Localization of lactic
      dehydrogenase and aldolase activity in cerebrospinal fluidal protein fractions].

PMID- 13699403
TI  - [X-ray diagnosis of breast neoplasms].

PMID- 13699405
TI  - Protein and carbohydrate complement fixing antigens of Trypanosoma cruzi.

PMID- 13699404
TI  - Evaluation of the fluorescent treponemal antibody (FTA) test for syphilis.
      Comparison with Treponema pallidum immobilization (TPI) test.

PMID- 13699406
TI  - The occurrence of three flagellar phases in Arizona serotypes.

PMID- 13699407
TI  - Rescinnamine in treatment of hypertension in hospital clinic and in general
      practice.

PMID- 13699408
TI  - Primary lung abscess. Analysis of therapy and results in 55 cases.

PMID- 13699409
TI  - Report of a syndrome due to Coxsackie virus group B, type 2.

PMID- 13699410
TI  - [On the treatment of anuric acute glomerulonephritis by prolonged extrarenal
      dialysis].

PMID- 13699412
TI  - [The technic of the vena cava catheter].

PMID- 13699411
TI  - [Passive congestion and kidney function].

PMID- 13699413
TI  - [Uremia in oxalic acid poisoning].

PMID- 13699415
TI  - [Treatment with prednisone of 17 cases of Bell's paralysis].

PMID- 13699414
TI  - Aplastic anaemia in pregnancy.

PMID- 13699416
TI  - [Current panoramic view of schistosomiasis mansoni in Brazil].

PMID- 13699417
TI  - [Maximum midexpiratory flow in ventilatory function tests].

PMID- 13699419
TI  - [Psychomotor epilepsy and temporal epilepsy].

PMID- 13699418
TI  - [Chemotherapy of tuberculosis].

PMID- 13699420
TI  - [Investigation on the test of spermomigration, the Sims-Huhner test
      (serialized)].

PMID- 13699421
TI  - [Limitations in the use of radiations for endocrine diagnostic and therapeutic
      purposes in gynecology and obstetrics].

PMID- 13699422
TI  - [Plan of campaign against female genital cancer. Creation of a Center of Female
      Cytology].

PMID- 13699423
TI  - Prematurity in Puerto Rico.

PMID- 13699424
TI  - An ultramicro method for the determination of total serum cholesterol.

PMID- 13699425
TI  - [Transparietal hepatic cholangiography in the diagnosis of jaundice].

PMID- 13699426
TI  - Clinical-pharmacological evaluation of a new antacid, hydrated magnesium
      aluminate (riopan).

PMID- 13699427
TI  - Neutralizing properties of a new antacid (Neo-Gel).

PMID- 13699428
TI  - [A new technic of collection of samples of water from the depths of rivers, lakes
      and seas for bacteriological and chemical studies].

PMID- 13699429
TI  - [Present knowledge on the use of radiosotopes and ionizing radiations in
      entomology].

PMID- 13699430
TI  - [On the use of antibiotics for patients with suppurative surgical diseases].

PMID- 13699431
TI  - [Peptic ulcer in old age].

PMID- 13699432
TI  - [A new method of pertubation and hysterosalpingography and its clinical
      significance].

PMID- 13699433
TI  - [New diagnostic facts in apparative persufflation].

PMID- 13699434
TI  - [Sterile specimen-taking of menstrual blood by a cervical adaptor].

PMID- 13699435
TI  - [Use of the immersion microrefractometric method in the direct determination of
      the ratio of dead and live cells in live plague vaccines].

PMID- 13699436
TI  - [The numerical turbidity equivalent for the test organism spore suspension used
      for the determination of the activity of antibiotics].

PMID- 13699437
TI  - [Siliconization of metallic cylinders used for determination of the activity of
      antibiotics].

PMID- 13699438
TI  - [Collagen of vertebrates].

PMID- 13699439
TI  - [Use of a roentgen centering device for static radiotherapy].

PMID- 13699440
TI  - [Quantitative determination of the hyaluronidase activity of Trichomonas
      vaginalis].

PMID- 13699441
TI  - Sensory deprivation on an eye service. Its significance and management.
AB  - In a detailed investigation of 174 patients who wore patches over both eyes after
      ocular operations, some 35 per cent were observed to have one or more symptoms of
      mental aberrations. In a smaller group who had repair of retinal detachment and
      therefore had to wear eye patches for a much longer time, the incidence of mental
      symptoms was 100 per cent. A common symptom called "noncompliance" was found
      which has hitherto been regarded simply as lack of cooperation by the patient.
      The incidence of postoperative complications was considerably higher in patients
      who had symptoms of mental disturbance than in those who did not. In these
      circumstances it would appear worth while to prepare the patient mentally for
      operation, to give him assurances beforehand, and to take measures to reduce his
      "isolation" while he has to wear patches.

PMID- 13699443
TI  - [Errors and hazards in operations on thrombosed veins].

PMID- 13699442
TI  - [Books on neuropathology and related problems published in 1958-1959 and the 1st
      half of 1960].

PMID- 13699444
TI  - [The current status of the problem of blood substitutes].

PMID- 13699445
TI  - [On the problem of pathophysiological mechanisms of the alcohol-antabuse
      reaction].

PMID- 13699446
TI  - [On the pathogenesis and prophylaxis of contractures in burns].

PMID- 13699447
TI  - [Anatomo-histological observations in the course of acute and subacute poisoning
      by reserpine].

PMID- 13699448
TI  - [Development and present-day technic of cataract surgery].

PMID- 13699449
TI  - [Results of follow-up examinations after cataract operations with enzymatic
      zonulolysis].

PMID- 13699450
TI  - Studies on the use of antihistamines in cataract surgery.

PMID- 13699451
TI  - [Prolonged use of a diffusion factor in a case of ossifying myositis].

PMID- 13699452
TI  - [A case of lipomatosis of the small intestine with torsion].

PMID- 13699454
TI  - [Experience in the use of the vacuum extractor].

PMID- 13699453
TI  - [Oskar VOGT (1870-1959)].

PMID- 13699455
TI  - [Technic of implantation of electrodes in the nerve for reading biopotentials in
      chronic experiment].

PMID- 13699456
TI  - [The technology of preparing the electrode holder for registration of cerebral
      biocurrents with the use of plastmass "AKR-7"].

PMID- 13699457
TI  - [Atelectatic states of the lungs after intrathoracic surgery].

PMID- 13699458
TI  - [Free single stage transplantation of the intestine for plastic surgery of the
      cervical section of the esophagus].

PMID- 13699459
TI  - [Diagnostic value of local leukocytosis in rheumatic heart defects].

PMID- 13699460
TI  - [On the problem of capillary permeability in liver diseases].

PMID- 13699461
TI  - [Clinico-statistical observations on cases of juvenile osteochondritis of the hip
      observed in the Surgical Clinic of the Universita di Pavia from 1950 to 1960].

PMID- 13699462
TI  - [Considerations on a case of ischemic syndrome of the upper extremities caused by
      bilateral cervical ribs].

PMID- 13699463
TI  - [Some clinical and histopathological considerations on a case of cornu cutaneum
      with an unusual site].

PMID- 13699464
TI  - [Behavior of urinary beta-glucuronidase in neoformations of the kidney and the
      urine excretory tract].

PMID- 13699465
TI  - [Organization of the "Center for the Control of Thromboembolic Diseases" in
      Leningrad].

PMID- 13699466
TI  - [A report on the work of the "Center for control of thromboembolic diseases" in
      Leningrad].

PMID- 13699467
TI  - [Carcinoma of the lung and a dispensary center].

PMID- 13699468
TI  - [Determination of INH in urine].

PMID- 13699469
TI  - [Permeability factors of the nasal fossae. I].

PMID- 13699470
TI  - [Permeabilizing factors of the nasal fossa. II].

PMID- 13699471
TI  - [On the treatment of multiple fractures in the region of the facial bones].

PMID- 13699472
TI  - [A new operative method for craniostenosis].

PMID- 13699473
TI  - [Bone tumors of the skull].

PMID- 13699474
TI  - [A result of the study of noise background in Sverdloysk].

PMID- 13699475
TI  - [The problem of experimental bone-marrow anaphylaxis. IV].

PMID- 13699476
TI  - [Combined treatment of allergic bronchial asthma with AM-49 and Decortin].

PMID- 13699477
TI  - [Histamine azoprotein, a new causal treatment of allergic diseases].

PMID- 13699478
TI  - [Fracture of the nose in multi-injured patients].

PMID- 13699479
TI  - [Post-traumatic nasal deformities in the newborn].

PMID- 13699480
TI  - [Adenovirus anginas].

PMID- 13699481
TI  - Radiophosphorus (P-32) in the diagnosis of tumours of the larynx and pharynx.

PMID- 13699482
TI  - [Apparatus for the study of the sound-conditioned blinking reflex with the use of
      the electronystagmograph].

PMID- 13699483
TI  - [Contribution to the knowledge of hyperostotico-sclerosing lesions of the cranial
      skeleton].

PMID- 13699484
TI  - [Psychiatric hospitals. The antiquity of laws on psychiatric hospitals].

PMID- 13699485
TI  - [Catamnestic research on mental disorders arising in the puerperium].

PMID- 13699486
TI  - [Research on ergotherapy].

PMID- 13699487
TI  - [Electromyographic contribution to the neurogenic pathogenesis of external
      progressive chronic ophthalmoplegia].

PMID- 13699488
TI  - [The electrofocal test (electro-Herd test, E. H. T.) in oculistic practice].

PMID- 13699489
TI  - [Aminazin therapy of active forms of tuberculosis in mental patients.
      (Preliminary communication)].

PMID- 13699490
TI  - [Chronic tonsillitis and current methods of treatment].

PMID- 13699491
TI  - [Intracellular distribution of the components of the acetylation system in liver
      cells in pigeons].

PMID- 13699492
TI  - [On the problem of the treatment of congenital toxoplasmosis in children].

PMID- 13699493
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of various methods of surgical
      treatment of lacrimation in pathology of the puncta lacrimalia].

PMID- 13699494
TI  - [Change of the amino acid composition of tissue proteins during the development
      of Antheraea pernyi larvae].

PMID- 13699495
TI  - Prolonged apnoea after suxamethonium increased intracranial pressure.

PMID- 13699497
TI  - Own position in relation to estimates of average standing and desirability for
      more and less self-comparable objects.

PMID- 13699496
TI  - [On the antineoplastic activity of aristolochic acid].

PMID- 13699498
TI  - Mechanics of breathing.

PMID- 13699499
TI  - [Method for the rapid analysis of urinary calculi].

PMID- 13699500
TI  - Coronary lipid deposition during chronic anemia or high altitude exposure.

PMID- 13699501
TI  - The use of fibrinolysin in nonhospitalized patients.

PMID- 13699502
TI  - Studies on erythropoiesis. XVI. Response to a single dose of erythropoietin in
      polycythemic mouse.

PMID- 13699503
TI  - [Eosinophilic granuloma of the bone. (Anatomo-clinical data on 20 cases
      personally observed)].

PMID- 13699504
TI  - [On the fate of methylacetate after its intake into the organism].

PMID- 13699505
TI  - [Diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis and pathological changes of the sphincter part
      of the choledochus by means of postoperative cholangiography].

PMID- 13699506
TI  - [Postoperative cholangiography. Opening of the bile and pancreatic ducts into the
      duodenal diverticulum].

PMID- 13699507
TI  - [Radiological manifestations of pulmonary complications of the influenza
      epidemics in the spring of 1959].

PMID- 13699508
TI  - [The use of venography in postphlebitic syndrome and postphlebitic crural
      ulcers].

PMID- 13699509
TI  - [Chromatographic determination of blood amino acids and the diagnosis of cancer].

PMID- 13699510
TI  - [The chromatographic determination of amino acids in the blood and the diagnosis
      of cancer].

PMID- 13699511
TI  - [On the body constitution of patients of atopic diseases].

PMID- 13699512
TI  - [The neurovegetative system in caisson disease].

PMID- 13699514
TI  - Evidence for production of methane from formic acid by direct reduction.

PMID- 13699513
TI  - The anaerobic decomposition of benzoic acid during methane fermentation. II. Fate
      of carbons one and seven.

PMID- 13699515
TI  - Some chemical characteristics of amphibian egg ribonucleic acids.

PMID- 13699516
TI  - ["Considerations on bilateral disorders of intraventricular conduction of
      excitation". Bilateral aberrant intraventricular conduction (functional bilateral
      branch block) in the course of supraventricular extrasystole bigeminism].

PMID- 13699518
TI  - [The prodromic pain of myocardial infarct].

PMID- 13699517
TI  - [Coexistence of epilepsy and complete atrioventricular block. Presentation and
      discussion of a case].

PMID- 13699519
TI  - [Ventricular paroxysmal pseudo-tachycardia. Apropos of a case of auricular
      tachysystole with bundle branch block simulating ventricular paroxysmal
      tachycardia. Importance of the use of procaine amide for the differential
      diagnosis].

PMID- 13699520
TI  - The significance of the concentrations of electrolytes in stool water during
      infantile diarrhea.

PMID- 13699521
TI  - Clinical aspects of salicylate poisoning in children.

PMID- 13699522
TI  - Intravenous angiocardiography in cardiovascular surgery.

PMID- 13699523
TI  - [On the treatment of cutaneous lesions with extract of "Centella asiatica"].

PMID- 13699524
TI  - Erythrokinetics in diagnosis of anemia.

PMID- 13699525
TI  - X-ray "powder" diagrams of crystals of an artifical top component from turnip
      yellow mosaic virus.

PMID- 13699526
TI  - The uptake of amino acids by isolated segments of rat intestine. I. A survey of
      factors affecting the measurement of uptake.

PMID- 13699527
TI  - The uptake of amino acids by isolated segments of rat intestine. II. A survey of
      affinity for uptake from rates of uptake and competition for uptake.

PMID- 13699529
TI  - Genetically controlled differences in enzyme activity.

PMID- 13699528
TI  - A further genetic variety of glutamic acid dehydrogenase in Neurospora crassa.

PMID- 13699530
TI  - Therapy in bovine sterility.

PMID- 13699531
TI  - [Supracondylar fractures in children].

PMID- 13699532
TI  - Attempts to detect myosin and actin in cilia and flagella.

PMID- 13699533
TI  - [The problems of roentgenography in the area of modern thoracic surgery].

PMID- 13699534
TI  - The failure of experimental renal tubulonecrosis to produce oliguria in the rat.

PMID- 13699535
TI  - [Bronchial asthma or genuine hyperventilation tetany? Contribution to the
      differential diagnosis and therapy of paroxysmal respiratory function disorders].

PMID- 13699536
TI  - [Clinical aspects and prophylaxis of drug allergies with special reference to
      allergic diseases of the blood, vascular system and myocardium including coronary
      infarct].

PMID- 13699537
TI  - [Clinical aspects and prophylaxis of drug allergies with special reference to
      allergic diseases of the blood, vascular system and myocardium including coronary
      infarct].

PMID- 13699538
TI  - [Specific and non-specific aspects of the principles of allergy with reference to
      the therapy and prophylaxis of allergic diseases of the respiratory system].

PMID- 13699539
TI  - [Specific and non-specific aspects of the principles of allergy with reference to
      the therapy and prophylaxis of allergic diseases of the respiratory system].

PMID- 13699540
TI  - Promontory fractures of the calcaneus.

PMID- 13699541
TI  - Spontaneous femoral neck fracture following pelvic irradiation. Report of three
      cases.

PMID- 13699542
TI  - The active site and mechanism of action of bovine pancreatic ribonuclease.

PMID- 13699543
TI  - Alopecia mucinosa with eosinophil granuloma, lichen spinulosus and chancriform
      lesions.

PMID- 13699544
TI  - Coenzymes I and II in the human epidermis. Changes in nutritional sun-sensitivity
      (pellagra) and during cytostatic drug therapy.

PMID- 13699545
TI  - Cutaneous vasoconstrictors, primary pigmentation and the grey-blue reaction.

PMID- 13699546
TI  - Skin pigmentation caused by epidermal stripping with adhesive tape.

PMID- 13699547
TI  - An analysis of the sounds produced by the mandibular joint.

PMID- 13699548
TI  - Tooth extraction in patients with hemophilia.

PMID- 13699549
TI  - Purification of beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase from the pig epididymis.

PMID- 13699550
TI  - Brain temperature as a factor in the control of thermal polypnoea in the ox (Bos
      taurus).

PMID- 13699551
TI  - The emotional pattern of the tribal Zulu as it affects pre-anaesthetic assessment
      and management.

PMID- 13699552
TI  - They're learning to live again.

PMID- 13699553
TI  - Villous adenomas of the large intestine with fluid and electrolyte depletion.

PMID- 13699554
TI  - Ulcers of the greater curvature of the stomach.

PMID- 13699555
TI  - The nephrotic syndrome.

PMID- 13699556
TI  - [On a case of odontogenous brain abscess].

PMID- 13699557
TI  - [A contribution to the problem of diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (Hamman
      Rich syndrome)].

PMID- 13699558
TI  - Evaluation of the repository emulsion treatment of ragweed pollinosis.

PMID- 13699559
TI  - Pattern of pyrethrin-resistance in houseflies.

PMID- 13699560
TI  - The structure of the vitreous body and the suspensory ligaments of the lens.

PMID- 13699561
TI  - Therapy of experimental intraocular Aspergillus infection.

PMID- 13699562
TI  - Malignant mixed tumor of parotid gland.

PMID- 13699563
TI  - The status of the clinical psychologist.

PMID- 13699564
TI  - Management of facial basal cell carcinomas.

PMID- 13699565
TI  - [Existence of globulins with weak electrophoretic mobility in the serum of the
      eel subjected to repeated injections of human serum].

PMID- 13699566
TI  - Endotoxins in traumatic shock.

PMID- 13699567
TI  - [Presence of hemagglutinins in a serum fraction precipitated by heparin and
      cobaltous chloride].

PMID- 13699568
TI  - [Immunological study of haptoglobins. Demonstration in cord blood of an
      incomplete form of haptoglobin].

PMID- 13699569
TI  - [Congenital fibular dysplasia].

PMID- 13699570
TI  - Therapeutic keratoplasty.

PMID- 13699571
TI  - Effect of fasting, epinephrine and glucose and insulin on hepatic uptake of
      nonesterified fatty acids.

PMID- 13699572
TI  - Foot and ankle pain in a carcinomatous patient; a case report.

PMID- 13699573
TI  - The measurement problem in psychology.

PMID- 13699574
TI  - The pharmacological treatment of epilepsy.

PMID- 13699575
TI  - Angioma racemosum venosum of spinal cord with segmentally related angiomatous
      lesions of skin and forearm.

PMID- 13699576
TI  - Apparent homosexuality in the adolescent girl.

PMID- 13699577
TI  - The application of x-ray diffraction and electron microscopy to the study of
      human peripheral nerve obtained by biopsy.
AB  - Human peripheral nerves obtained by biopsy from patients suffering from
      neuromuscular disorders have been studied by x-ray diffraction and electron
      microscopy. Few abnormal diffraction patterns have yet been recorded and their
      significance is not yet established. Electron micrographs have revealed wide
      variations in the numbers of myelinated fibres included in the nerve trunks and
      have facilitated a detailed study of the Schwann cell-axon relationships in the
      large numbers of unmyelinated fibres always present. Some indications of
      demyelination have been encountered.

PMID- 13699578
TI  - Electron microscope and x-ray diffraction studies of the effects of dehydration
      on the structure of nerve myelin. II. Optic nerve.
AB  - The dehydration of rat optic nerve has been studied by allowing specimens to
      become partially or fully dried before fixation and preparation for electron
      microscopy. A correlation is established between electron micrographs of the
      myelin sheath and corresponding small-angle x-ray diffraction patterns. The
      modifications of the optic nerve myelin layers during drying were very similar to
      those described in more detail for the myelin of frog sciatic nerve. The most
      striking difference was that the system of fine layers characteristic of the
      fully dried myelin was much more extensive in the case of the optic nerve, and
      the layer thickness was significantly greater than the corresponding layer in the
      frog sciatic nerve preparation. The significance of these correlations is
      discussed.

PMID- 13699579
TI  - Electron microscope and x-ray diffraction studies of the effects of dehydrations
      on the structure of nerve myelin. I. Peripheral nerve.
AB  - The dehydration of frog sciatic nerve has been studied by allowing specimens to
      become partially or fully dried before fixation and preparation for electron
      microscopy. Low magnification electron micrographs of OsO(4)-fixed preparations
      showed marked tissue shrinkage which could be correlated quantitatively with the
      loss of water during the preliminary drying. KMnO(4)-fixation appeared to cause a
      rehydration of the dried tissue. Higher magnification electron micrographs of the
      OsO(4)-fixed preparations showed a sequence of modifications of the myelin layers
      which could be correlated with changes in the small-angle x-ray diffraction data
      which were recorded during drying. An intermediate stage of drying was
      characterised by a partial collapse of layers and a disappearance of the
      intraperiod dense line in some regions of the myelin sheath. Continuity between
      collapsed and non-collapsed layers was maintained throughout the sheath. The
      fully dried preparation showed two main modifications of the myelin layers. In
      many regions the layers (principal layers) resembled those of normal
      preparations, but showed an intensification and frequently a doubling of the
      intraperiod dense line. In addition, there was a very extensive system of fine
      (40 A periodicity) dense layers, some of which could be demonstrated to be
      continuous with the principal layers. In such cases it was observed that two of
      the fine layers were related to each principal layer. The correlation between
      diffraction data and electron microscope data is discussed, and some speculations
      are made concerning the molecular significance of the observations.

PMID- 13699580
TI  - The molecular structure of myelin.

PMID- 13699581
TI  - Mother bank in a children's hospital.

PMID- 13699582
TI  - Psychiatry -- office problems. 2. Management of behavior problems in the office.

PMID- 13699583
TI  - Obesity-diabetes and anorexigenics.

PMID- 13699584
TI  - Enterocolitis due to phage type 54 staphylococci resistant to kanamycin,
      neomycin, paromomycin and chloramphenicol.

PMID- 13699585
TI  - New selective and differential medium for coagulase-positive staphlococci
      allowing rapid growth and strain differentiation.

PMID- 13699586
TI  - Anesthesia for adenoidectomy in Sweden.

PMID- 13699587
TI  - [Narcosis in adenoidectomy].

PMID- 13699588
TI  - The public health nurse and administration.

PMID- 13699590
TI  - [Aspects of spinal tumoral pathology in relation to old age].

PMID- 13699589
TI  - [Behavior of the osseous tissue in secondary arthrosis].

PMID- 13699591
TI  - Recovery from amniotic fluid embolism, hypofibrinogenemia, and acute renal
      failure.

PMID- 13699593
TI  - [Epidemiology and prophylaxis of Asian influenza 1957/58 in the Federal army].

PMID- 13699592
TI  - Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Intestinal hemorrhage as a cardinal
      manifestation.

PMID- 13699594
TI  - [Experimental research on the question of the danger of encephalitis after
      preventive inoculation against rabies according to Hempt].

PMID- 13699595
TI  - Gel diffusion analysis of cross-reactions of a protein-hapten conjugate.

PMID- 13699596
TI  - Immunological studies of isolated particulates of Paramecium aurella. I.
      Antigenic relationships between cytoplasmic organelles and evidence for
      mitochondrial variations as demonstrated by gel diffusion.
AB  - Mitochondria and other particulates-cilia, trichocysts, and "small granules"-have
      been isolated from several stocks of Paramecium aurelia, syngen 2. Antisera
      against these particles and against breis have been used to characterize the
      fractions by diffusion in gel. Evidence is presented for the relationship of
      particles, as demonstrated by immunologic cross-reactivity of the soluble
      antigens extracted from them. Although some antigens are unique for a fraction,
      cross-reacting antigens in two or more fractions, as determined by "spur"
      formation in agar, suggest a relationship between morphologically diverse
      particles. A procedure for studying cross-reactions in gels is described using
      the specific immobilization antigens as a model. The localization of these
      antigens within cilia, and perhaps trichocysts, has been confirmed. Other
      organelles, specifically mitochondria and "small granules," appear to alter their
      specificity spontaneously and reversibly during cell reproduction, a pattern
      reminiscent of the immobilization serotypes which can transform to one another
      during clonal growth.

PMID- 13699597
TI  - Lipoma of the heart. A review of the literature.

PMID- 13699598
TI  - Tidal rhythmicity in marine organisms.

PMID- 13699599
TI  - [The oxidation of fats in emulsions].

PMID- 13699600
TI  - [Observations on the incidence of the principal causes of recurrent paralysis.
      Statistical study on 4,759 cases in the literature].

PMID- 13699601
TI  - [180 cases of cancer of the larynx operated on without general lymph-node
      curettage. (Results with 4-year follow-up)].

PMID- 13699602
TI  - [On late metastases in cylindromatous tumors].

PMID- 13699603
TI  - Pectus excavatum. An analysis of twenty-seven cases.

PMID- 13699604
TI  - Influence of cerebral activity in wakefulness on regulation of breathing.

PMID- 13699605
TI  - The stimulant effect of wakefulness on respiration: clinical aspects.

PMID- 13699606
TI  - [Castellophyte, a colorless "Castellani solution"].

PMID- 13699607
TI  - Compulsive gambling.

PMID- 13699609
TI  - Treatment of the alcoholic.

PMID- 13699608
TI  - To accept the alcoholic patient or not: problems in psychotherapy with
      alcoholics.

PMID- 13699610
TI  - [Professor Dr. K. W. MERZ on his sixtieth birthday].

PMID- 13699611
TI  - Inhalant-induced convulsions. Significance for the theory of the convulsive
      therapy process.

PMID- 13699612
TI  - Behavioral patterns in convulsive therapy.

PMID- 13699613
TI  - A simple method for the preparation of potent chicken anti-Rous sarcoma virus
      serum.

PMID- 13699614
TI  - [The successful operative treatment of Echinococcus alveolaris of the liver].

PMID- 13699615
TI  - The ''one second'' liver biopsy.

PMID- 13699616
TI  - Body-image disturbances in chronically ill individuals.

PMID- 13699617
TI  - [Experience with Falitrast S in hysterosalpingography].

PMID- 13699618
TI  - Fatal hyperparathyroid crisis associated with pancreatitis.

PMID- 13699619
TI  - [Extent of larvate sideropenia in the framework of studies on pregnancy care].

PMID- 13699620
TI  - [On the problem of tolbutamide treatment of multiple sclerosis].

PMID- 13699621
TI  - [Care and prophylaxis in pregnancy].

PMID- 13699623
TI  - [Possibilities in the modern use of oxytocics].

PMID- 13699622
TI  - [On the treatment of intestinal disorders in gynecology].

PMID- 13699624
TI  - [Toxoplasmosis and obstetrics].

PMID- 13699625
TI  - Long-term treatment with antimicrobials and anti-inflammatory steroids in chronic
      bronchitis and infectious asthma. Its potential value for rehabilitation and
      prevention.

PMID- 13699626
TI  - The effect of deuterium oxide on ascites tumor growth in mice.

PMID- 13699627
TI  - Jaundice in the newborn.

PMID- 13699628
TI  - Mortality from varicella in children receiving adrenocorticosteroids and
      adrenocorticotropin.

PMID- 13699629
TI  - The latent period, incidence, and growth of Sr90-induced osteosarcomas in CF1 and
      CBA mice.

PMID- 13699630
TI  - [Paraplegia caused by embolism of the aortoiliac bifurcation].

PMID- 13699631
TI  - [Paraplegia caused by embolism of the aortoiliac bifurcation].

PMID- 13699632
TI  - Studies on cardiac myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase.

PMID- 13699633
TI  - [Diffuse periaxial encephalitis of Schilder].

PMID- 13699634
TI  - [On the etiology and pathogenesis of acute adrenal gland insufficiency].

PMID- 13699635
TI  - [Transplantation of experimental sarcoma of Citellus maximus].

PMID- 13699636
TI  - [Tumors in fish].

PMID- 13699637
TI  - [Electromyography and its use].

PMID- 13699638
TI  - Electrical excitability of isolated frog skin.

PMID- 13699639
TI  - Lithium-induced oscillations of potential and resistance in isolated frog skin.
AB  - The rhythmical variations of electrical potential and DC resistance resulting
      from the exposure of the anatomical outside of isolated frog skin to a
      concentration of lithium ion greater than 20 millinormal were reinvestigated. In
      general, the potential and resistance changes were in phase, although in some
      skins, a phase shift occurred after the first few waves. The mean level of the
      resistance declined during the exposure to lithium, returning to its former level
      upon reintroduction of sodium in place of lithium. The oscillations, with a
      period of from 3 to 15 minutes, could last for 2 hours or more before damping
      out; the amplitude of the waves could be altered during this time by the passage
      of direct current or by the introduction of a hydrostatic pressure difference
      across the skin. Even after the oscillations damped out, the system remained
      "excitable," responding to a step of direct current or hydrostatic pressure with
      an oscillatory train. The nature and magnitude of the response to current and
      pressure were dependent upon the "polarity" of the applied perturbation. Direct
      observation of the skin revealed no evidence of oscillatory water movement
      concomitant with the electrical events.

PMID- 13699640
TI  - The erythrocyte in rheumatoid arthritis. I. A method for the detection of an
      abnormal globulin coating.

PMID- 13699641
TI  - Food, nutrition and the space traveler.

PMID- 13699642
TI  - Ditran, a psychotherapeutic advance: a review of one hundred and three cases.

PMID- 13699643
TI  - Estimation of testosterone in human plasma.

PMID- 13699644
TI  - Cigarette smoking and lung cancer. A review and an appraisal.

PMID- 13699645
TI  - Non-specific resistance to experimental cholera in embryonated eggs.
AB  - It has been confirmed that 11- and 13-day-old chick embryos are susceptible to
      lethal infection with minute inocula of V. cholerae, while 15-day-old embryos are
      relatively resistant. Twenty strains of E. coli were found to vary in their
      capacity to kill chick embryos, without relationship to their human
      enteropathogenicity. Prior infection of 13-day-old embryonated eggs with E. coli
      strains selected for low embryo virulence had a marked protective effect against
      superinfection with V. cholerae. This effect was duplicated by pretreatment of
      embryos with killed E. coli cells or endotoxin preparations but not with a
      suspension of killed cells of a Gram-positive species. Preparatory E. coli
      infection induces a phase of vibriostasis in the 13-day-old egg which may be
      sufficient to tide the embryo over into the phase of relative insusceptibility
      associated with age. Younger embryos exhibit only a lag in death under similar
      conditions. The chick embryo is presented as a potentially valuable tool for the
      study of combined infections and of the mechanisms of natural resistance.

PMID- 13699646
TI  - Alteration of susceptibility of embryonated eggs to Newcastle disease virus by
      Escherichia coli and endotoxin.

PMID- 13699647
TI  - Massage-induced response of serum acid phosphatase related to open perineal
      prostatic biopsy.

PMID- 13699648
TI  - Bowel-window collection of urine after ureterosigmoidostomy in dogs.

PMID- 13699649
TI  - Sexual potency in aging males. V. Coital ability following open perineal
      prostatic biopsy.

PMID- 13699650
TI  - Infections in splenectomized children.

PMID- 13699651
TI  - Serious infections in splenectomized children.

PMID- 13699652
TI  - Hemodynamic studies in acute pulmonary edema.

PMID- 13699653
TI  - Some circulatory effects of thoracotomy and intermittent positive pressure
      respiration in dogs.

PMID- 13699655
TI  - Smaller hospitals: purchasing. Providing the motives for standardization.

PMID- 13699654
TI  - Effects of long-term storage on human serum albumin. I. Chromatographic and
      ultracentrifugal aspects.

PMID- 13699657
TI  - Etiology and therapy of diabetic retinopathy: a new approach.

PMID- 13699656
TI  - The physiological significance of gerontoxon.

PMID- 13699658
TI  - The disorder of fat transport in diabetes mellitus, its significance and
      correction.

PMID- 13699659
TI  - Vena cava infusion.

PMID- 13699660
TI  - The determination of uneven pulmonary blood flow from the arterial oxygen tension
      during nitrogen washout.

PMID- 13699662
TI  - Transplacental passage of red cells in man.

PMID- 13699661
TI  - Experimental studies on the prevention of Rh haemolytic disease.

PMID- 13699663
TI  - An analysis of the postgastrula differentiation of the hypomere. I. The influence
      of tissue mass and of endoderm in Ambystoma punctatum.

PMID- 13699664
TI  - Modern shaving techniques in relation to lesions of the skin.

PMID- 13699665
TI  - Evaluation of the pressor, cardiac, and renal hemodynamic properties of
      angiotensin II in man.

PMID- 13699667
TI  - Principles and planning of bio-assay.

PMID- 13699666
TI  - Radiodermatitis and cancer.

PMID- 13699668
TI  - Some maternal influences on children's personality and character.

PMID- 13699669
TI  - The MMPI as a measure of character structure as revealed by factor analysis.

PMID- 13699670
TI  - Traumatic intradural lumbar nerve root avulsion with associated traction injury
      to the common peroneal nerve.

PMID- 13699671
TI  - ''Nidoxital'': a clinical trial.

PMID- 13699672
TI  - [Intravascular hemolysis and methemoglobinuria complicating the treatment of
      delirium tremens].

PMID- 13699673
TI  - [Study of the action of glutamic and gamma-aminobutyric acids in cases of hepatic
      insufficiency].

PMID- 13699674
TI  - [On the use of chloramphenicol succinate in small doses. Clinical observations in
      various intestinal and bronchopulmonary disease states].

PMID- 13699675
TI  - [The use of guanethidine in the treatment of essential arterial hypertension].

PMID- 13699676
TI  - [Postoperative costal chondritis].

PMID- 13699677
TI  - [Hydatidosis. Technical operative details].

PMID- 13699678
TI  - [Intramuscular injections].

PMID- 13699679
TI  - [Masks and beards].

PMID- 13699680
TI  - [Tincture of iodine].

PMID- 13699681
TI  - [Hernia and eventrations. Grafts, plaster, mesh].

PMID- 13699683
TI  - [Cancer, Avoidance of operative seeding].

PMID- 13699682
TI  - [Knot-tying with forceps. 50th anniversary of its publication by Jose Maria
      Castineiras].

PMID- 13699684
TI  - [Inguinal hernia: stitch of E. W. Andrews].

PMID- 13699685
TI  - [Transcholedochal choledochoduodenostomy].

PMID- 13699686
TI  - [Breast cancer. Supraclavicular pseudoadenopathy and local and remote
      pseudorecurrences].

PMID- 13699687
TI  - [Breast cysts].

PMID- 13699688
TI  - [Decompressive gastrectomy].

PMID- 13699689
TI  - [Hydatid cysts of the breast].

PMID- 13699690
TI  - [Hyperinsulinism. Adenomas of the islands of Langerhans].

PMID- 13699691
TI  - [Inguinal and inguinopelvic lymphadenectomy].

PMID- 13699692
TI  - [Left pancreatectomy].

PMID- 13699693
TI  - [Massive melenas of obscure orgin].

PMID- 13699694
TI  - [Megacolostomy previa].

PMID- 13699695
TI  - [Megasigmoidectomy in adults].

PMID- 13699696
TI  - [Mesenteric adenitis].

PMID- 13699697
TI  - [On papillotomy I].

PMID- 13699698
TI  - [On the pheochromocytoma].

PMID- 13699699
TI  - [Partial splenectomies].

PMID- 13699700
TI  - [Peroperative local implantation of cancer cells].

PMID- 13699701
TI  - [Peroperative radiography of the pancreas and its ducts. Pancreatography].

PMID- 13699702
TI  - [Torsion of the spermatic cord].

PMID- 13699703
TI  - [Transplantation of the cubital, radial and median nerves].

PMID- 13699704
TI  - [Vincente J. BERTOLA].

PMID- 13699706
TI  - [Contribution to the differential diagnosis of hydrocephalus in infants].

PMID- 13699705
TI  - Renal arteriography during extracorporeal circulation in dogs, with a preliminary
      report upon the effects of low molecular weight dextran.

PMID- 13699707
TI  - [Study of the various causes of the body reaction to whooping cough-diphtheria
      vaccine in experiment].

PMID- 13699709
TI  - The aetiology of sarcoidosis.

PMID- 13699708
TI  - Hypercalcaemia in sarcoidosis.

PMID- 13699710
TI  - [Antabuse-like toxic manifestations in workmen employed in the manufacture of a
      synthetic anticryptogamic: T.M.T.D. (tetramethylthiuram disulfide)].

PMID- 13699711
TI  - [Liver and kidney injuries after a single exposure to carbon tetrachloride].

PMID- 13699712
TI  - Lower nephron nephrosis due to concentrated Lysol vaginal douches: a report of
      two cases.

PMID- 13699713
TI  - [Pharyngeal tuberculosis. (Clinical and histopathological observations on 2 cases
      of tuberculosis of ulcerovegetans type].

PMID- 13699714
TI  - [Quantitative evaluation of the Donaggio inhibition phenomenon as method for the
      determination of mucoproteinuria. Applications in the dermatological field].

PMID- 13699715
TI  - [Protease activity of the epidermis in patients of psoriasis].

PMID- 13699716
TI  - [Fatal dermatomucositis from APC virus].

PMID- 13699717
TI  - [Observations on several cases of dermo-hypodermitis].

PMID- 13699718
TI  - [Neoplasms of the extrahepatic biliary tract].

PMID- 13699719
TI  - [Effects of a dietary contribution of vegetable fats rich in unsaturated fatty
      acids in dyshepatic subjects and subjects normally subjected to high-fat diet].

PMID- 13699721
TI  - The early days of radiology.

PMID- 13699720
TI  - [Effect of a diet based on vegetable fats rich in unsaturated fatty acids on
      cholesterolemia and lipemia in normocholesterolemic and dyshepatic subjects.
      (Preliminary note)].

PMID- 13699722
TI  - [On exogenic factors in malformations].

PMID- 13699723
TI  - [Apropos of a case of leiomyoma of the stomach].

PMID- 13699724
TI  - [Contribution to the histological study of the tunica albuginea in polycystic
      degeneration of the ovary].

PMID- 13699725
TI  - [Cytometric research on the human embryonal normoblast].

PMID- 13699726
TI  - [Physiopathological considerations on the blood protein disorder caused by radium
      therapy in patients with uterine carcinoma].

PMID- 13699727
TI  - Studies on immunity to toxins of Clostridium botulinum. VII. Purification and
      detoxification of trypsin-activated type E toxin.
AB  - Fiock, Mary A. (Fort Detrick, Frederick, Md.), Allen Yarinsky, and James T. Duff.
      Studies on immunity to toxins of Clostridium botulinum. VII. Purification and
      detoxification of trypsin-activated type E toxin. J. Bacteriol. 82:66-71. 1961.-A
      procedure was described for production, purification, and conversion to toxoid of
      the Clostridium botulinum type E trypsin-treated toxin. A medium containing 1.5%
      trypticase, 0.5% yeast extract, 0.075% cysteine hydrochloride, and 1.0% glucose
      consistently yielded activated culture toxicities of 300,000 mouse
      intraperitoneal ld(50)/ml. Purification of the toxin was accomplished by
      precipitation with ammonium sulfate, extraction with calcium chloride, and
      reprecipitation with ethanol in the cold. The resulting partially purified toxin
      had a specific activity of 45,000,000 ld(50)/mg nitrogen. Purified toxins were
      converted to toxoid by incubation with formalin and adsorbed on aluminum
      phosphate. Good immune responses were obtained to the toxoids in mice, guinea
      pigs, and rabbits.

PMID- 13699728
TI  - [Clinical trials with a new preparation with anticatarrhal and antidystrophic
      action in the therapy of various rhinopathies].

PMID- 13699729
TI  - Studies of nutrient media for tissue cells in vitro. VII. The effect of the
      glucuronic acid mixture of NCTC 109 on the proliferation of NCTC strain 2071 and
      NCTC strain 3145.

PMID- 13699730
TI  - [Altafur: new nitrfuran with wide-spectrum chemotherapeutic action. Casuistic
      contribution].

PMID- 13699731
TI  - [Absorption by rectal route of sulfadimethoxin (sodium salt)].

PMID- 13699732
TI  - [Chemiotherapeutic action on enteropathogenic bacteria of a nitrofuran
      derivative: furoxone].

PMID- 13699733
TI  - Massive osteolysis of bone: report of a fatal case with temporary reconstitution
      of the affected bone following irradiation.

PMID- 13699734
TI  - Leukaemogenesis by urethan in new-born Swiss mice.

PMID- 13699735
TI  - Effect of 5-hydroxy-tryptamine on the development of the carbon tetrachloride
      induced cirrhosis in rats.

PMID- 13699736
TI  - [Anatomoclinical data on regional sarcoid lymphopathy associated with malignant
      neoplasms].

PMID- 13699737
TI  - [Considerations relating to the behavior of the serum leucine-amino-peptidases in
      some morbose conditions].

PMID- 13699738
TI  - [The anatomo-functional substitution capacity of the lung. Experimental
      observations. II. Anatomo-histological findings].

PMID- 13699739
TI  - [The anatomo-functional substitution capacity of the lung. Experimental
      observations. I. Bronchographic findings].

PMID- 13699740
TI  - [The anatomo-functional substitution capacity of the lung. Experimental findings.
      III. Functional documentation].

PMID- 13699741
TI  - [Clinical study on gynecological geriatric surgery in the Clinica Ostetrica e
      Ginecologica di Perugia].

PMID- 13699742
TI  - [6 homicides by means of E-605 committed by a minor].

PMID- 13699743
TI  - Identification of blood stains by paper chromatography.

PMID- 13699744
TI  - [On the presence of A and B agglutinogens in hairs].

PMID- 13699745
TI  - [On the hemodynamic changes induced by occlusion of the internal mammary artery
      in normotensive dogs and in hypertension induced by barbiturates].

PMID- 13699746
TI  - [On the outcome of local and general hemodynamic modifications induced by the
      ligation of arteries, in particular the internal mammary artery].

PMID- 13699747
TI  - [Action of acetylcholine injected directly into the pulmonary artery or the right
      ventricle].

PMID- 13699748
TI  - [Characteristics of the P wave of the electrocardiogram of the rabbit in normal
      conditions and in bradycardia induced by cholinergic substances].

PMID- 13699749
TI  - [Some data on arterial pressure values of the lesser circulation in the dog and
      the sheep (lamb) in comparison with arterial pressure data of the greater
      circulation].

PMID- 13699750
TI  - [Possible reasons for the peculiar morphology of the P wave in the
      electrocardiogram of small animals].

PMID- 13699751
TI  - [Histological examination of the heart of rabbits treated with nicotine].

PMID- 13699752
TI  - [Electrophoretic pattern of the serum proteins and C-reactive protein in
      smallpox].

PMID- 13699753
TI  - [Brucellosis: clinical and therapeutic aspects of 10 cases from the region of
      Ribeirao Preto (S.P.)].

PMID- 13699754
TI  - [Entity and nature of so-called insulin-resistance in diabetes with infection].

PMID- 13699755
TI  - A method for the clinical determination of liver size.

PMID- 13699756
TI  - The isolation of Vibrio bubulus (Florent) from sheep.

PMID- 13699757
TI  - [On the specificity of the acylphosphatases of yeast].

PMID- 13699758
TI  - [Changes in crystalline lens proteins in experimental radiation cataract].

PMID- 13699759
TI  - [Partition of beta and gamma crystallins with the aid of column electrophoresis].

PMID- 13699760
TI  - [Principles of emergency surgery in the aged].

PMID- 13699762
TI  - [Artificial kidney: acute renal insufficiency].

PMID- 13699761
TI  - The incorporation of radioactive phosphorus into the phospholipids of human
      leukemic leukocytes and platelets.

PMID- 13699763
TI  - Influence of adrenocortical, androgenic, and anabolic hormones on the development
      of carcinoma and cirrhosis of the liver in A x C rats fed N-2
      fluorenyldicetamide.

PMID- 13699765
TI  - The last mile.

PMID- 13699764
TI  - The challenge to American medicine in the twentieth century.

PMID- 13699766
TI  - [Intrasynovial and local use of dexamethasone 21-phosphate].

PMID- 13699767
TI  - Metabolism of connective tissue lactic and citric acid formation by skin.

PMID- 13699769
TI  - DNA synthesis, respiration, and virulence in pneumococci.

PMID- 13699768
TI  - Population dynamics of the sickle-cell trait in the Black Caribs of British
      Honduras, Central America.

PMID- 13699770
TI  - Effects of deoxyribonucleic acid products on deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis of
      virulent and avirulent pneumococci.
AB  - Firshein, W. (Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn.). Effects of
      deoxyribonucleic acid products on deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis of virulent and
      avirulent pneumococci. J. Bacteriol. 82:169-180. 1961.-Cell suspensions of
      virulent pneumococci synthesize a greater amount of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
      per cell in the presence of DNA + deoxyribonuclease + mixtures of
      deoxynucleosides and deoxynucleotides (supplement-1) than unsupplemented
      suspensions. Under identical conditions, avirulent and weakly virulent
      pneumococci do not respond to these DNA breakdown products. Glucose and casitone
      must be present for maximal effects to occur.A DNA turnover occurs in virulent
      cells. This has been demonstrated by a decrease in specific activity of H(3)-DNA
      extracted from virulent (S) cells exposed to nonradioactive supplement-1.

PMID- 13699773
TI  - [On the utilization of pneumoperitoneum in the diagnosis of tumors of abdominal
      organs].

PMID- 13699774
TI  - [Active pulmonary tuberculosis detected by fluorographic methods in collective
      farms of the Sverdlovsk Region].

PMID- 13699772
TI  - Effects of deoxyribonucleic acid products on respiration of virulent and
      avirulent pneumococci.
AB  - Firshein, W. (Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn.). Effects of
      deoxyribonucleic acid products on respiration of virulent and avirulent
      pneumococci. J. Bacteriol. 82:181-186. 1961.-In the presence of deoxyribonucleic
      acid (DNA) + deoxyribonuclease + mixtures of deoxynucleosides and
      deoxynucleotides (supplement-1) which had previously been shown to enhance DNA
      synthesis in virulent (S) pneumococci without affecting such synthesis in
      avirulent (R) pneumococci, a significant enhancement of glucose oxidation was
      observed over control levels in S cells of types I, II, and III. In contrast,
      this supplement either depressed oxygen uptake or had no effect when R or weakly
      virulent (I) pneumococci were present. In the absence of glucose, S cells were
      unable to oxidize supplement-1 extensively, whereas R cells exhibited definite
      activity in this respect. Supplement-1 enhanced glucose oxidation specifically
      and was not oxidized in the process. The selective advantage produced by the DNA
      products in S cells could not be explained on the basis of nitrogen content,
      since a substance containing twice as much of this element as that found in the
      entire supplement did not enhance oxygen uptake to the extent that was observed
      with supplement-1.

PMID- 13699775
TI  - [Fluorographic examinations in collective farms in the Urals].

PMID- 13699776
TI  - [Result of fluorographic detection of heart diseases on collective farms of
      Ural].

PMID- 13699777
TI  - [Some technical advices for the utilization of fluorographs].

PMID- 13699778
TI  - [Angioneurotic edema of the skin in an anthropoid ape (chimpanzee)].

PMID- 13699779
TI  - [The state of trace conditioned reflexes in the chimpanzee in relation to the
      sexual cycle].

PMID- 13699780
TI  - Air flow resistance of flexible metal hose.

PMID- 13699781
TI  - [Use of spasmolysis in urological radiology].

PMID- 13699782
TI  - Suicide and risk-taking in Tikopia society.

PMID- 13699783
TI  - Intermittent atrial parasystole.

PMID- 13699784
TI  - Enhancement of potassium-induced atrioventricular block by toxic doses of
      digitalis drugs.

PMID- 13699785
TI  - Quinidine in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.

PMID- 13699786
TI  - Supernormal phase of atrioventricular (A-V) conduction due to potassium. A-V
      alternans with first-degree A-V block.

PMID- 13699787
TI  - Artifacts simulating atrial arrhythmias.

PMID- 13699788
TI  - Atrial fibrillation, atrial tachycardia with block and ventricular tachycardia
      due to digitalis intoxication.

PMID- 13699789
TI  - Atrial flutter with complete heart block.

PMID- 13699790
TI  - Master two-step exercise.

PMID- 13699791
TI  - Myocardial infarction.

PMID- 13699792
TI  - Myocardial infarction.

PMID- 13699793
TI  - Unusual form of intraventricular conduction defect.

PMID- 13699794
TI  - Value of anterior chest leads in the diagnosis of diaphragmatic and posterior
      myocardial infarction.

PMID- 13699795
TI  - Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome simulating ventricular tachycardia.

PMID- 13699796
TI  - The assessment of hearing in young cerebral palsied children.

PMID- 13699797
TI  - Hyperbilirubinaemia and perceptive deafness.

PMID- 13699798
TI  - [Experiences with therapeutic fibrinolysis by streptokinase].

PMID- 13699799
TI  - How cells specialize.

PMID- 13699800
TI  - [The learning of detours and forms of behavior in animals and small children].

PMID- 13699801
TI  - [The regulatory mechanism, an inadequate thinking pattern in neurology].

PMID- 13699802
TI  - [Considerations on humoral factors in liver degeneration].

PMID- 13699803
TI  - [Canalicular function in chronic renal insufficiency].

PMID- 13699805
TI  - Hepatic circulation in arterial hypoxia.

PMID- 13699804
TI  - [Blood circulation and oxygen consumption by the liver in experimental cirrhosis
      in dogs].

PMID- 13699806
TI  - Nonmedical psychotherapists. Influences of the changing pattern of psychiatry.

PMID- 13699807
TI  - [Certain problems related to laboratory diagnosis].

PMID- 13699809
TI  - [Current problems in the physiology and experimental pathology of the liver].

PMID- 13699808
TI  - [Change of the elastic structure of the arterial wall in athletes and its
      hemodynamic significance. General load of the blood pressure on the blood
      circulation in trained subjects].

PMID- 13699810
TI  - Diabetic and prediabetic pregnancies with special reference to the newborn. A 5
      year study.

PMID- 13699812
TI  - [Bacterial etiology of infantile diarrhea. I. Bacteriological findings in infants
      and older children up to 5 years].

PMID- 13699811
TI  - Management of the newborn infant of the diabetic mother.

PMID- 13699813
TI  - [Bacterial etiology of infantile diarrhea. II. Incidence of enteropathogenic
      types of E. coli in neonatal diarrhea].

PMID- 13699814
TI  - [A case of systemized hemangiomatosis].

PMID- 13699815
TI  - [Research on the behavior of organ specific antigens of the liver in carbon
      tetrachloride injuries].

PMID- 13699816
TI  - The practice of pediatrics: introductory.

PMID- 13699817
TI  - A study of cesarean sections performed on the Tulane Service at Charity Hospital
      (January 1, 1957-January 1, 1960).

PMID- 13699818
TI  - Parasitism and intestinal malabsorption.

PMID- 13699819
TI  - The effect of hypotensive drugs and hypophysectomy upon the adrenal cortex of
      normal and hypertensive dogs.

PMID- 13699820
TI  - [Determination of bufotenin appearing in the urine of schizophrenics.
      (Preliminary note)].

PMID- 13699821
TI  - [Studies on hailucinogenic substances in the body of schizophrenics].

PMID- 13699822
TI  - [A mixed infection of the human lung by Aspergillus fumigatus and a
      Streptomyces].

PMID- 13699823
TI  - [Clinical trials of methoxadone].

PMID- 13699824
TI  - ["In-vitro" resistance tests of yeasts].

PMID- 13699825
TI  - [5-Hydroxytryptamine and the central nervous system].

PMID- 13699826
TI  - [Endobronchial photographs].

PMID- 13699827
TI  - [Hallucinogenic drugs: their importance in the pathogenic investigation of
      schizophrenia].

PMID- 13699828
TI  - [On the absence of rickets among the pygmies (Bambuti) in the primeval forests of
      the Congo].

PMID- 13699829
TI  - [On the technic of fungus demonstration in mycotic diseases].

PMID- 13699830
TI  - [The serologic diagnosis of syphilis with special reference to the non-specific
      reaction results].

PMID- 13699831
TI  - [Therapeutic experience with roentgen irradiation of the intervertebral and
      sympathetic ganglia in lichen ruber].

PMID- 13699832
TI  - [Optic test of the determination of alkaline phosphatases in the serum].

PMID- 13699833
TI  - [Contribution to the knowledge of the Stevens-Johnson syndrome].

PMID- 13699834
TI  - [Observations on the presence of C-reactive protein in various pediatric
      diseases].

PMID- 13699835
TI  - [Some statistical data on the incidence of leukemia in children hospitalized in
      the Clinica Pediatrica of Rome in the years 1944-1958].

PMID- 13699836
TI  - [Unusual remissions in proliferating diabetic retinitis].

PMID- 13699837
TI  - [An analysis of the web of the garden spider].

PMID- 13699838
TI  - Increased levels of folic acid reductase as a mechanism of resistance to
      amethopterin in leukemic cells.

PMID- 13699839
TI  - A test of alternative hypotheses as to the nature of the serial learning curve.

PMID- 13699840
TI  - [Erythrocyte metabolism and blood preservation].

PMID- 13699841
TI  - [Clinical experiences with I. O. syn in dermatology].

PMID- 13699842
TI  - Analysis of sounds from normal and pathologic knee joints.

PMID- 13699843
TI  - [On the climatotherapy of skin diseases in the Bulgarian Black Sea area].

PMID- 13699844
TI  - [The influence of hexobarbital and phenobarbital on alcohol elimination in
      rabbits].

PMID- 13699845
TI  - [Public health service and medical work in Syria].

PMID- 13699846
TI  - [On drug treatment of edema in fractures].

PMID- 13699847
TI  - Primal anxiety and psychiatric emergencies.

PMID- 13699848
TI  - Comparison of cerebral angiographic contrast media by their circulatory effects;
      an experimental study.

PMID- 13699849
TI  - Contrast radiographic demonstration of a lymph node metastasis.

PMID- 13699850
TI  - [Course and prognosis of psychopathies].

PMID- 13699851
TI  - [Experience with the measurement of frustration in children].

PMID- 13699852
TI  - [Erythropoiesis in bilateral nephrotomized rabbits].

PMID- 13699853
TI  - Onychomycosis caused by Scopulariopsis brevicaulis.

PMID- 13699854
TI  - [Indication, technic and hazards of exchange transfusion in the newborn].

PMID- 13699855
TI  - [Experiences with exchange blood transfusion in newborn infants using heparinized
      blood].

PMID- 13699856
TI  - Recent research into haemolytic disease of the newborn due to ABO
      incompatibility.

PMID- 13699857
TI  - [Recent findings on ABO erythroblastosis].

PMID- 13699858
TI  - [The treatment of hemophilia A with antihemophilic globulin from pigs].

PMID- 13699859
TI  - Outpatient departments have a long way to go.

PMID- 13699860
TI  - [Choriocarcinoma developing in a cervical pregnancy].

PMID- 13699861
TI  - [Clinical aspects of Coxsackie infections of the central nervous system and their
      sequelae].

PMID- 13699862
TI  - [Contribution to the technic of directed liver puncture].

PMID- 13699863
TI  - [Aneurysms of the lienal artery-their clinical and operative problems].

PMID- 13699864
TI  - [On the paper chromatographic detection of penicillin preparations].

PMID- 13699865
TI  - [Electrophoretic study on proteins and tissue nucleic acids apropos of inhibition
      of carcinogenesis].

PMID- 13699866
TI  - [On the effect of lyophilized leukemia tissue on Ak-leukemia in the mouse].

PMID- 13699867
TI  - [Apropos of cancer of the breast and recent therapy].

PMID- 13699868
TI  - [Infectious diseases and the liver].

PMID- 13699869
TI  - [Measures for decreasing complications after surgery in varicose veins].

PMID- 13699870
TI  - [On demonstration of thiophosphoric acid esters].

PMID- 13699871
TI  - Preparation and premedication for the first stage of labor.

PMID- 13699873
TI  - [A bent barrier support for the Maquet extension instrument Nos. 6080 and 6090].

PMID- 13699872
TI  - Intimal coronary haemorrhage and anticoagulants.

PMID- 13699874
TI  - [On the enlargement of the medullary cavity in medullary nailing].

PMID- 13699875
TI  - [Developmental differences in binovular twins. A study in corrosion anatomy].

PMID- 13699876
TI  - [On lung changes and lung tumors in rats after administration of
      acetylaminofluorene].

PMID- 13699877
TI  - [Some problems of carcinogenesis].

PMID- 13699878
TI  - [Sport and gynecological diseases].

PMID- 13699879
TI  - [On the limits of indications for the psychotherapy of pulmonary tuberculotics].

PMID- 13699880
TI  - [Simple methods for describing or marking roentgenograms].

PMID- 13699881
TI  - [Cinematographic roentgen examination of gastric resections according to Zacho's
      method].

PMID- 13699882
TI  - [Conservative treatment of renal injuries. A follow-up study].

PMID- 13699883
TI  - Late results of Billroth II resections for gastric ulcer.

PMID- 13699884
TI  - [Analysis of frequency and optical integration in electroencephalography].

PMID- 13699885
TI  - [Pharmacological modifications of the "alpha" rhythm].

PMID- 13699886
TI  - [Data on the radiography of the petrous bone in neurinomas of the trigeminal
      nerve].

PMID- 13699887
TI  - Neuroradiology, 1960: a review of Western European publications.

PMID- 13699888
TI  - [EEG in the expertise on the cranial-injured subject].

PMID- 13699889
TI  - [Electroencephalography: discussions, symposia and national cnferences].

PMID- 13699890
TI  - [The subjective syndrome. The flat tracing and its frequency analysis.
      Modification of the flat tracing by anxiolytic drugs (RO 95-69)].

PMID- 13699891
TI  - An alternative program for a non-affiliated municipal hospital.

PMID- 13699892
TI  - [Appraisal of serum leucine aminopeptidase activity and its diagnostic value].

PMID- 13699893
TI  - The identification of barbiturates by paper chromatography.

PMID- 13699894
TI  - Mongolism associated with acute congenital leukemia. Report of a case.

PMID- 13699895
TI  - Direct black and white prints for publication from color slides and
      roentgenograms.

PMID- 13699896
TI  - A rapid latex test for hydatid disease.

PMID- 13699898
TI  - [Round table discussion of cancer of the stomach].

PMID- 13699897
TI  - [Exfoliative cytology in gastric cancer].

PMID- 13699899
TI  - [Subacute malignant pemphigus with extensive bullae. Cure obtained with large
      doses of sigmamycin and prednisolone].

PMID- 13699900
TI  - A modified ureter stone dislodger.

PMID- 13699901
TI  - [Comments on the present status of the hygiene of polytechnical education and
      work in schools].

PMID- 13699902
TI  - [Importance of weight increase for the early diagnosis and prevention of late
      gestosis].

PMID- 13699903
TI  - [Metaphysial fibrous cortical lacuna and nonossifying fibroma].

PMID- 13699904
TI  - Drug therapy in child psychiatry: pharmacological aspects.

PMID- 13699905
TI  - The study of motor development in infancy and its relationship to psychological
      functioning.

PMID- 13699906
TI  - Alkaloids of Voacanga schweinfurthii Stapf. I. Voacamine and vobtusine.

PMID- 13699907
TI  - Senile schizophrenia.

PMID- 13699908
TI  - Pregnancy in the presence of extrahepatic portal hypertension--a case report.

PMID- 13699909
TI  - Sphincterotomy in the treatment of disease and dysfunction of the biliary tract.

PMID- 13699910
TI  - Total cystectomy with ureteroileo-urethral anastomosis.

PMID- 13699911
TI  - George Francis CAHILL, 1890-1959.

PMID- 13699912
TI  - Bleeding and hemorrhage in late pregnancy. Marginal placental rupture.

PMID- 13699913
TI  - Needs of the emotionally ill.

PMID- 13699914
TI  - Behavior differences of boys and girls.

PMID- 13699915
TI  - Toxoplasmosis diagnosis by serological and cultural methods.

PMID- 13699916
TI  - Sir Almroth WRIGHT (1861-1947).

PMID- 13699917
TI  - 100 years of British dental surgery.

PMID- 13699918
TI  - The use of chlorothiazide or hydrochlorothiazide with reserpine in the office
      treatment of hypertension.

PMID- 13699920
TI  - Recording and recovering.

PMID- 13699919
TI  - Medical progress in 1960.

PMID- 13699921
TI  - The aging mind.

PMID- 13699922
TI  - Use of chlordiazepoxide in general medicine.

PMID- 13699923
TI  - Use of intravenous chlordiazepoxide in emergency room treatment.

PMID- 13699924
TI  - [On the problem of malignant degeneration of synoviomas].

PMID- 13699925
TI  - Complement components of paired mother-cord sera.

PMID- 13699926
TI  - Manipulation in lumbar intervertebral disc lesions.

PMID- 13699927
TI  - The cholesterol content of some bovine and human oral tissues.

PMID- 13699928
TI  - Cardiac temperature gradients during profound hypothermia with extracorporeal
      perfusion.

PMID- 13699929
TI  - The effect of alteration of liver blood flow upon experimental hepatic
      metastases.

PMID- 13699930
TI  - Experimental studies of factors influencing hepatic metastases. IX. The pituitary
      gland.

PMID- 13699931
TI  - Experimental studies of factors influencing hepatic metastases. VI. Effect of
      nutrition.

PMID- 13699932
TI  - Experimental studies of factors which influence hepatic metastases. VII. Efect of
      anticoagulants.

PMID- 13699933
TI  - Observations concerning spleen homotransplantation in normal and irradiated
      animals.

PMID- 13699934
TI  - Verrucous epidermophytosis. Its response and resitance to griseofulvin.

PMID- 13699935
TI  - Subcutaneous ossification of the legs in chronic venous insufficiency.

PMID- 13699936
TI  - Lateral medullary infarction-the pattern of vascular occlusion.

PMID- 13699937
TI  - Combined encephalopathy and neuropathy with carcinoma.

PMID- 13699938
TI  - An improved test of motor coordination in the lower limbs.

PMID- 13699939
TI  - Anticoagulant therapy in cerebral thrombosis and cerebral embolism. A national
      cooperative study, interim report.

PMID- 13699940
TI  - Palpation of arteries in temporal arteritis. Reemphasis of the value of careful
      palpation.

PMID- 13699942
TI  - The diagnosis and management of hypoglycemia during infancy and childhood.

PMID- 13699941
TI  - Carbonic anhydrase activity in fetal and young rhesus monkeys.

PMID- 13699943
TI  - The versatile antrostomy.

PMID- 13699944
TI  - The versatile antrostomy.

PMID- 13699945
TI  - [A case of transplantation of the cupola of the diaphragm in pleurectomy].

PMID- 13699946
TI  - Meeting medical manpower shortages in Virginia.

PMID- 13699947
TI  - Effect of reticuloendothelial interference on experimental metastases.

PMID- 13699948
TI  - Electron microscopic, histologic, and histochemical features of the Walker
      carcinoma.

PMID- 13699949
TI  - Experimental studies of factors influencing hepatic metastases. VII. Effect of
      reticuloendothelial interference.

PMID- 13699950
TI  - Effect of mast cell depletion on wound healing.

PMID- 13699951
TI  - Evidence in support of the neoplastic nature of cardiac myxoma.

PMID- 13699952
TI  - Renal lesions in renin proteinuria.

PMID- 13699953
TI  - Carrageenin granuloma in the guinea pig and rat. I. Effect of hydrocortisone,
      estradiol and mast cell depletion on its histological and histo chemical
      features.

PMID- 13699954
TI  - Pathologic observations concerning the cutaneous lesion of progressive systemic
      sclerosis: an electron microscopic histochemical and immunohistochemical study.

PMID- 13699956
TI  - Correlation of juxtaglomerular granulation, pressor activity, and enzymes of
      macula densa in experimental hypertension.

PMID- 13699955
TI  - The effect of renal hypertension on cholesterol atherosclerosis in cortisone
      treated rabbits.

PMID- 13699957
TI  - Effect of hypertension on cholesterol atherosclerosis in diabetic rabbits.

PMID- 13699958
TI  - Observations on the disturbance of respiration of cattle, horses, sheep, and dogs
      caused by halothane anesthesia and the changes taking place in plasma pH and
      plasma CO2 content.

PMID- 13699959
TI  - Comparability of intelligence quotients of mental defectives on the Wechsler
      Adult Intelligence Scale and the 1960 revision of the Stanford-Binet.

PMID- 13699960
TI  - Sex differences in the performance of mental retardates on the Wechsler Adult
      Intelligence Scale.

PMID- 13699961
TI  - Preference ranking of the thematic apperception test cards by adolescent normals,
      delinquents and mental retardates.

PMID- 13699962
TI  - A cross-validation of Baroff's WISC patterning in endogenous mental deficiency.

PMID- 13699963
TI  - Differences in WAIS verbal and performance IQ's in various diagnostic groups of
      mental retardates.

PMID- 13699964
TI  - Discrepancy in verbal and performance IQ in adolescent sociopaths.

PMID- 13699965
TI  - Nudity in human figure drawings.

PMID- 13699966
TI  - Sexual identification in mentally subnormal females.

PMID- 13699967
TI  - Office equipment in the practice of endocrinology.

PMID- 13699968
TI  - Serum protein electrophoresis: a simplified apparatus.

PMID- 13699969
TI  - Influence of fatty acids and sterols on atherosclerosis in the avian abdominal
      aorta.

PMID- 13699970
TI  - Effect of prolonged feeding of differently saturated fats to laying hens on
      performance, blood pressure, plasma lipids and changes in the aorta.

PMID- 13699971
TI  - The nature of the fluorescence of an enzyme-reduced coenzyme-reduced substrate
      complex.

PMID- 13699972
TI  - The role of the ammonium moiety in the glutamic dehydrogenase reaction.

PMID- 13699973
TI  - A consideration of Reiter's syndrome and allied conditions.

PMID- 13699974
TI  - Topical antibiotics.

PMID- 13699975
TI  - The natural occurrence of ethionine in bactdria.
AB  - Two unknown radioactive areas appeared after radioautography and two dimensional
      paper chromatography of culture medium in which Escherichia coli was grown. These
      materials were studied by paper chromatography and paper electrophoresis of
      several derivatives and identified as ethionine and ethionine sulfone, the latter
      an artifact. Chromatographic coincidence of the unknowns and their derivatives
      with authentic materials establishes the identification. Ethionine was found in
      cellular extracts and in the growth media of Escherichia coli, Bacillus
      megaterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Aerobacter aerogenes but not in
      Scenedesmus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, or bovine lymphosarcoma cells. Ethionine
      was synthesized by resting E. coli cultures from radioactive sulfate and from
      radioactive methionine. Growing cells labeled ethionine within 1 minute after
      addition of radioactive sulfate to cultures. Levels of radioactivity in ethionine
      increased with time. No incorporation of this amino acid could be detected in the
      cellular proteins formed under the conditions of this study.

PMID- 13699977
TI  - Hemangiopericytoma: a review of twenty cases.

PMID- 13699976
TI  - Fatal phenylbutazone hepatitis.

PMID- 13699978
TI  - Management of anorectal anomalies.

PMID- 13699979
TI  - Pregnancy occurring in a rudimentary horn; report of a case.

PMID- 13699980
TI  - Surgical unification of a double uterus. Case report.

PMID- 13699981
TI  - Electrocardiographic sequelae of right ventriculotomy in patients with
      ventricular septal defects.

PMID- 13699982
TI  - Adrenocortical activities of 20-cobalto-delta-1-hydrocortisone and cobaltous
      chloride.

PMID- 13699984
TI  - The Hofmeister defect. A normal change in the postoperative stomach.

PMID- 13699983
TI  - [On the treatment of patients with coronary insufficiency by means of gangleron
      electrophoresis].

PMID- 13699985
TI  - The activity of penicillin against Proteus in vitro and in experimental
      infections of mice.

PMID- 13699986
TI  - Building a dental practice: a distaff report.

PMID- 13699987
TI  - The effects of insulin, adrenaline and nutrients on the oxygen uptake of the
      perfused rat heart.

PMID- 13699988
TI  - The oxygen uptake of the perfused rat heart.

PMID- 13699989
TI  - Direct determination of extracellular fluid in the rat heart.

PMID- 13699990
TI  - The mechanism of the uptake of sugars by the rat heart and the action of insulin
      on this mechanism.

PMID- 13699991
TI  - The action of insulin on carbohydrate metabolism.

PMID- 13699992
TI  - Uptake of small resin particles by the alimentary canal of the calf.

PMID- 13699993
TI  - Peritoneal dialysis: its use in the correction of altered blood chemistry in a
      brain-injured patient.

PMID- 13699994
TI  - Thrombosis of an intracranial aneurysm and cervical portion of the internal
      carotid artery in a child.

PMID- 13699996
TI  - A projective test analysis of ethnic subculture themes in families.

PMID- 13699995
TI  - Di Guglielmo's disease. A case report with special emphasis on isotope studies.

PMID- 13699997
TI  - Fibrinolysis in acute leukemia; a case report.

PMID- 13699999
TI  - Front-back differentiations in body image and body reactivity.

PMID- 13699998
TI  - A heat stable protective staphylococcal antigen.

PMID- 13700001
TI  - The antistaphylococcal activity of human sera in vitro and its relationship to
      passive protective potency.

PMID- 13700000
TI  - Psoriatic erythroderma, rheumatoid arthritis, and death, as a sequence to a drug
      reaction.

PMID- 13700002
TI  - Psychiatric considerations of cerebral vascular disease.

PMID- 13700003
TI  - The individual psychotherapist looks at group psychotherapy.

PMID- 13700004
TI  - Host cell metabolic alterations following herpes simplex infection.

PMID- 13700005
TI  - John L. ARMBRUSTER.

PMID- 13700006
TI  - Post-traumatic diabetes insipidus.

PMID- 13700007
TI  - [Role of the symptom of cervical mucus arborization in the determination of
      ovarian function].

PMID- 13700009
TI  - Superficial x-ray therapy in dermatology.

PMID- 13700010
TI  - Studies on nuclei. III. The effect of heat on the viscosity of nucleoprotein in 1
      M NaCl.

PMID- 13700008
TI  - [Significance of the symptom of arborization of the mucus of the cervix uteri for
      a study of sterility in women].

PMID- 13700011
TI  - Effects of acute hypoxia and exercise on the pulmonary circulation.

PMID- 13700013
TI  - The clinical significance of the pulmonary collateral circulation.

PMID- 13700012
TI  - Respiratory gases in the regulation of the pulmonary circulation.

PMID- 13700014
TI  - Oxidative metabolism of estradiol.

PMID- 13700015
TI  - Further studies on the metabolism of oestradiol in man.

PMID- 13700016
TI  - 2-hydroxyestrone: a new metabolite of estradiol in man.

PMID- 13700017
TI  - Familial nerve deafness and goitre.

PMID- 13700018
TI  - [Finger and hand injuries, their prevention and prophylaxis of infection].

PMID- 13700019
TI  - Markedly elevated blood ammonia in a patient with constrictive pericarditis.

PMID- 13700020
TI  - Decamethonium in clinical anaesthesia.

PMID- 13700021
TI  - Respiratory paralysis after a large dose of streptomycin. Report of a case.

PMID- 13700022
TI  - The matching problem with multiple judges and objects.

PMID- 13700023
TI  - Toxic hypoglycaemia (Jamaican vomiting sickness). First case reported from the
      territory of Trinidad and Tobago.

PMID- 13700024
TI  - Dynamic urethrography: a cineradiographic method.

PMID- 13700025
TI  - The influence of oral hypoglycaemic agents (carbutamide and tolbutamide) on the
      serum proteins of normal rats.

PMID- 13700026
TI  - [A university of health on ships].

PMID- 13700027
TI  - The mechanism of kidney transamidinase reduction in vitamin E-deficient rabbits.

PMID- 13700029
TI  - The obituary of ivalon arterial grafts.

PMID- 13700028
TI  - The metabolism of creatine-1-C14 by mice with hereditary muscular dystrophy.

PMID- 13700030
TI  - Optometric-ophthalmological relationships.

PMID- 13700031
TI  - Severe interstitial emphysema, pneumomediastinum, and pneumothorax: uncommon
      complications of hyaline membrane disease.

PMID- 13700032
TI  - Fibrinolysin in cerebrovascular diseases.

PMID- 13700033
TI  - Effects of dietary hexoses on changes induced in hepatic enzyme activities of the
      rat by a lethal dose of x-rays.

PMID- 13700034
TI  - Effect of previous diet on response of hepatic enzyme activities to a 24-hour
      fast.

PMID- 13700035
TI  - Metachromasia of mycobacteria.

PMID- 13700036
TI  - [Characteristics and diagnostic significance of diastolic murmur in mitral
      stenosis with regular rhythm of cardiac contraction].

PMID- 13700037
TI  - [Phonocardiographic changes in patients with tetralogy of Fallot before and after
      cavo-pulmonary anastomosis].

PMID- 13700038
TI  - [Modern views on ovarian cysts and nymphomania in animals].

PMID- 13700039
TI  - [Protective role of placenta and embryo against the development of "infarctoid
      cardiopathy" in rats].

PMID- 13700041
TI  - Some case histories of hypnosis applied in dentistry.

PMID- 13700040
TI  - [On the activity and specificity of leucine aminopeptidase in eye lenses. Amino
      acid and dipeptide anilides as substrates].

PMID- 13700042
TI  - Bile pigment metabolism studied by choledocho-caval anastomosis.

PMID- 13700043
TI  - Surgical implications of polycythemia vera.

PMID- 13700044
TI  - Adenomas of the colon and rectum. Their malignant potential.

PMID- 13700045
TI  - Treatment of fractures of the mandible in children. (Naso-mandibular method of
      immobilization).

PMID- 13700046
TI  - Tumors of the nasopharynx. A review of fifty-two cases.

PMID- 13700048
TI  - [Ivy MACKENZIE (6 November 1877 to 3 July 1959)].

PMID- 13700047
TI  - Participation of the cytoplasmic membrane in the growth and spore fromation of
      bacilli.
AB  - A polyester embedding technique was used to study the early stages of spore
      formation in members of the genus Bacillus in order to investigate further the
      origin and nature of the initial spore septum and the resulting forespore
      envelope. Whereas previously, with a methacrylate procedure, this layer had
      appeared to be continuous with the cell wall, this study reveals it as a double
      layer of cytoplasmic membrane. Perisporal, membranous organelles connected both
      to the developing forspore envelope and to the cytoplasmic membrane were
      encountered in the four species studied. Similar organelles were prominent during
      growth at the sites of transverse septa formation. These were connected to, or
      continuous with, the cytoplasmic membrane and often adherent to the chromatin
      bodies of the dividing bacilli.

PMID- 13700049
TI  - A roentgenologic rebuttal.

PMID- 13700050
TI  - A simple device for the transfer of biologic fluids.

PMID- 13700051
TI  - The physiologic effects of intravascular Antifoam A.

PMID- 13700052
TI  - Health, regulatory, legal, and technical aspects of a university program for
      radiation protection.

PMID- 13700053
TI  - The oral treatment of Trichomonas vaginalis infestation.

PMID- 13700054
TI  - The effect of sex and parity on the incidence of diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 13700055
TI  - Prevalence of diabetes in women thirteen years after bearing a big baby.

PMID- 13700056
TI  - [Clinical and other considerations in the diagnosis of chronic pancreatic
      disease].

PMID- 13700057
TI  - Clinical research and the teaching hospital.

PMID- 13700058
TI  - The organ concentration, cellular distribution, and excretion of S35 administered
      as ethionine-S35.

PMID- 13700059
TI  - A 'dry' mounting autoradiographic technique for the localization of water-soluble
      compounds.

PMID- 13700060
TI  - "Dry"-mounting autoradiographic technic for intracellular localization of water
      soluble compounds in tissue sections.

PMID- 13700061
TI  - The role of preference and reward in the selection of discriminanda by naive and
      sophisticated Rhesus monkeys.

PMID- 13700062
TI  - Experimental caries and gingival pathologic changes in the gnotobiotic rat.

PMID- 13700063
TI  - Dental calculus in the germ-free rat.

PMID- 13700064
TI  - Megacolon: report of a case.

PMID- 13700065
TI  - Prophylactic use of a systemic hemostat in obstetrics.

PMID- 13700066
TI  - The role of extra-sensory perception in early childhood.

PMID- 13700067
TI  - Psychological deficits in relation to acuteness of brain dysfunction.

PMID- 13700068
TI  - Adaptive abilities and intellectual functioning in hospitalized alcoholics.

PMID- 13700069
TI  - Effect of cortisone on mice infected with chromogens and with isoniazid resistant
      tubercle bacilli.

PMID- 13700070
TI  - Pelvic perfusion.

PMID- 13700071
TI  - Bronchiolar carcinoma of the lung. A review of 33 patients.

PMID- 13700072
TI  - Biochemical studies on different elastins.

PMID- 13700073
TI  - [Routine treatment of tuberculous meningitis].

PMID- 13700074
TI  - Hormones new and old.

PMID- 13700075
TI  - Melanin pigmentation.

PMID- 13700076
TI  - Melanin pigmentation.

PMID- 13700077
TI  - Albinism: some thoughts on the color problem and integration of dermatology and
      medicine.

PMID- 13700078
TI  - Adjustment in leaders and non-leaders as measured by the sentence completion
      projective technique.

PMID- 13700079
TI  - [Observations on Africana africana (Gendre, 1909) and on Africana taylori n.
      nom].

PMID- 13700080
TI  - Drinking by nephrectomized rats injected with various substances.

PMID- 13700082
TI  - Bacteriological effect of ultraviolet light on a surgical instrument table.

PMID- 13700081
TI  - Bacterilogical effect of ultraviolet light on a surgical instrument table.

PMID- 13700083
TI  - New equipment for the operating room.

PMID- 13700084
TI  - General public health nursing experience of nursing students in a specialized
      agency.

PMID- 13700085
TI  - The diagnosis of syphilis.

PMID- 13700086
TI  - Treponemal tests in diagnosis of syphilis and biologic false positive reactors.

PMID- 13700087
TI  - Inhibition of experimental cirrhosis by carbon tetrachloride following treatment
      with aminoacetonitrile.

PMID- 13700088
TI  - [Clinical results in the use of a new anti-anxiety drug].

PMID- 13700089
TI  - [Clinical results in the use of a new anti-anxiety drug].

PMID- 13700090
TI  - [Stratigraphy and direct image magnification in radio-diagnosis of silicosis].

PMID- 13700091
TI  - Clinical evaluation of topical methylprednisolone.

PMID- 13700093
TI  - The occurrence of malignancies and other pathology in PRI-mice treated with PRI
      skin tumor extracts.

PMID- 13700092
TI  - The effect of histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and acetylcholine on cutaneous
      afferent fibres.

PMID- 13700094
TI  - [Biological determination of water pollution].

PMID- 13700095
TI  - Ultrastructure of the collar of the choanoflagellate Codonosiga botrytis
      (Ehrenb.).

PMID- 13700096
TI  - [Intestinal hemorrhage in a patient with mucocutaneous pigmentation.
      Reticulosarcoma in the small intestine].

PMID- 13700098
TI  - Dinnerware usage in large hospitals.

PMID- 13700097
TI  - A study of the reliability of the social behavior chart.

PMID- 13700099
TI  - Neurilemmoma of peripheral nerve. Report of a case.

PMID- 13700100
TI  - Studies on veratrum alkaloids. XXX. The action of some esters of germine on
      cardiac output and vascular tone with observations on drug-induced decrease of
      positive inotropic sympathetic tone.

PMID- 13700101
TI  - Pharmacological activity of some esters of germine with acetic acid.

PMID- 13700102
TI  - [The pharmacological effects of the acetic acid ester of germine].

PMID- 13700103
TI  - [Contribution to antibiotic and other aerosol therapy from the viewpoint of the
      industrial physician].

PMID- 13700105
TI  - [On the problem of acute and subacute occupational (contact) eczema and other
      acute dermatoses].

PMID- 13700107
TI  - The evolution of a curriculum.

PMID- 13700106
TI  - Prolonged storage of Feulgen preparations in water.

PMID- 13700104
TI  - [On the medicinal control of essential hypertension].

PMID- 13700108
TI  - Permitil. An evaluation of its use in psychiatric outpatients.

PMID- 13700109
TI  - [Comparison of the effect of thymoquinone and thymohydroquinone with that of 2,4
      dinitrophenol on the metabolism of yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae].

PMID- 13700110
TI  - [Studies on the effect of p-benzoquinone derivatives on the aerobic and anaerobic
      metabolism of yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae].

PMID- 13700111
TI  - Clinical experience with Rauwolfia-flumethiazide (Rautrax) in the treatment of
      arterial hypertension.

PMID- 13700112
TI  - Milieu therapy for the mentally ill.

PMID- 13700113
TI  - Intestinal obstruction in the aged.

PMID- 13700114
TI  - [The surgeon in chronic nonspecific ileitis (excluding tuberculosis and Crohn's
      disease)].

PMID- 13700115
TI  - [Study of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal relations with the aid of radioisotopes
      labelled with sulfur-35].

PMID- 13700116
TI  - [Angiodysgenetic myelomalacia (Foix-Alajouanine) and its differentiation from
      spinal necrosis on intramedullary angiomatosis].

PMID- 13700117
TI  - [Recent aspects of drug therapeutics in psychiatry].

PMID- 13700118
TI  - [Erythremia and primary amyloidosis].

PMID- 13700119
TI  - [Epidemiological research on Pasteurella infection in northeastern Lower
      Austria].

PMID- 13700121
TI  - [The tolerance phenomena in immunology and its practical significance].

PMID- 13700120
TI  - [New methods of serological tularemia diagnosis].

PMID- 13700122
TI  - [Prednisone and dexamethasone in the treatment of dermatomyositis].

PMID- 13700123
TI  - Studies on patients with islet-cell tumor, including the phenomenon of leucine
      induced accentuation of hypoglycemia.

PMID- 13700124
TI  - Unilateral transposition of the scrotum.

PMID- 13700125
TI  - Determination of N',N'-anhydrobis(beta-hydroxyethyl)-biguanide hydrochloride in
      urine.

PMID- 13700126
TI  - A library for students and staff.

PMID- 13700127
TI  - [Micromethod of double diffusion in gelose for the study of antigen-antibody
      reactions].

PMID- 13700128
TI  - [Contribution to the study of experimental granuloma from foreign bodies (technic
      using a polyvinyl sponge)].

PMID- 13700129
TI  - [Study of the action of spirolactone in edematous alcoholic cirrhosis].

PMID- 13700130
TI  - [Maximum oxygen consumption].

PMID- 13700131
TI  - [Evolution of vitamin C from the grape to grape juice].

PMID- 13700132
TI  - Some observations on tumours of the nasopharynx.

PMID- 13700133
TI  - The aging hand.

PMID- 13700135
TI  - X-ray treatment of crush injuries. A clinical and laboratory experiment.

PMID- 13700134
TI  - The prosthetic replacement of rheumatoid finger joints.

PMID- 13700136
TI  - [Fatal complications of psychopharmacological treatment. An evaluation of the
      variations in the mortality in a psychiatric hospital from 1945 to 1959].

PMID- 13700137
TI  - A training program for sanitary inspectors.

PMID- 13700139
TI  - Nucleic acids in some deuterated green algae.

PMID- 13700138
TI  - Cytochemical studies on deuterated green algae.

PMID- 13700140
TI  - [Clinical findings and blood levels after administration of a new soluble
      derivative of tetracycline].

PMID- 13700141
TI  - Meaning and meaning similarity. III. Latency and number of similarities as
      predictors of fudged similarity in meaning.

PMID- 13700142
TI  - A developmental study of judgments of semantic similarity.

PMID- 13700143
TI  - Meaning and meaning similarity. I. A theoretical reassessment.

PMID- 13700144
TI  - Meaning and meaning similarity. II. The semantic differential and co-occurrence
      as predictors of judged similarity in meaning.

PMID- 13700146
TI  - [Treatment of insomnia].

PMID- 13700145
TI  - [Plasma histamine fixation. Demonstration by a biological technic using an
      automatic apparatus].

PMID- 13700147
TI  - A new surgical drain used in 54 surgical cases without producing any undesirable
      effects.

PMID- 13700148
TI  - An in vitro method for the determination of the inulin space of skeletal muscle
      with observations on the composition of human muscle.

PMID- 13700149
TI  - Evidence for the entry of chloride into cells in congestive cardiac failure.

PMID- 13700151
TI  - Evaluation as a logical process.

PMID- 13700150
TI  - A rapid and micro method for the analysis of skeletal muscle for water, sodium,
      potassium, chloride and fat.

PMID- 13700152
TI  - Serological tests for toxoplasmosis.

PMID- 13700153
TI  - [Atypical myxodermia].

PMID- 13700154
TI  - The renal excretion of specific microbial substances during the course of
      infection with murine typhus rickettsiae.

PMID- 13700155
TI  - Suppression by cortisone of leukergy induced by endotoxin.

PMID- 13700156
TI  - Family dynamics and origin of schizophrenia.

PMID- 13700157
TI  - [On the differential diagnosis of pulmonary round shadows].

PMID- 13700158
TI  - [Evaluation of cardiopulmonary diseases by lobeline time].

PMID- 13700159
TI  - [Experimental and clinical studies with a new antitussive agent].

PMID- 13700160
TI  - [Experimental study of the effect of Dacortin on man].

PMID- 13700161
TI  - [The lobeline time in lung diseases].

PMID- 13700162
TI  - Medical and legal justifications for autopsy: should they be extended?

PMID- 13700163
TI  - [Studies on the diagnostic value of the epicutaneous patch test].

PMID- 13700164
TI  - [Clinical experiences with Nitoman, a new type of psychopharmacon].

PMID- 13700165
TI  - [Comparative pharmacotherapeutic studies on antidepressant drugs with special
      reference to tofranil].

PMID- 13700166
TI  - [Dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis].

PMID- 13700167
TI  - [Haloperidol in maintenance doses].

PMID- 13700168
TI  - [New drug therapy for depressive conditions with regard to the problem of
      prognosis].

PMID- 13700169
TI  - [The significance of scratching in eczems].

PMID- 13700170
TI  - [Diminution of hemolysis in preserved blood by continual agitation].

PMID- 13700171
TI  - [On the use of pure oxygen in artificial heart-lung oxygenators].

PMID- 13700172
TI  - [Effect of electrical tension on the adherence of blood proteins to metallic
      surfaces].

PMID- 13700173
TI  - [The significance of milk, fruits and vegetables in human nutrition].

PMID- 13700174
TI  - [Spirometry under various oxygen concentrations and ergospirometry in left heart
      insufficiency].

PMID- 13700175
TI  - [The role of phosphatase and polyphosphates in calcification of collagen].

PMID- 13700176
TI  - [New aspect of calcification].

PMID- 13700177
TI  - [The measure of hemolysis by the determination in the plasma of hemoglobin,
      methemalbumin and their derivatives].

PMID- 13700178
TI  - [Peripheral leukocyte changes in Waldenstroem's macroglobulinemia].

PMID- 13700179
TI  - [Tumor cells in the peripheral blood and sternal marrow].

PMID- 13700180
TI  - [Otorhinolaryngology].

PMID- 13700181
TI  - [Otorhinolaryngology].

PMID- 13700182
TI  - [The nose and paranasal sinuses].

PMID- 13700183
TI  - [Age peculiarities of morbidity in childhood and adolescence with regard to
      otorhinolaryngological diseases].

PMID- 13700184
TI  - [Biomorphosis of the bony labyrinth capsule].

PMID- 13700185
TI  - Composition of antibodies against acidic and basic azoproteins.

PMID- 13700186
TI  - The metabolic production of carbon dioxide.

PMID- 13700187
TI  - [Chances of success in leukosis therapy].

PMID- 13700188
TI  - [Possibilities of treatment of thrombosis].

PMID- 13700189
TI  - [The hemolytic anemias].

PMID- 13700190
TI  - [Clinically important laboratory findings in idiopathic schizophrenia].

PMID- 13700191
TI  - [On resistance tests and clinical experiences with colistin].

PMID- 13700193
TI  - A man's fantasy of a cripple girl.

PMID- 13700192
TI  - [On paired blood vessels in the brain of the cat].

PMID- 13700194
TI  - The lack of systemic hydrocortisone effects after massive and prolonged external
      applications.

PMID- 13700195
TI  - [On the toxicity of cytostatic substances in combined use with ionizing rays].

PMID- 13700196
TI  - [A simple method of application of radioactive isotopes in the hypothalamus
      region of the guinea pig].

PMID- 13700197
TI  - [Investigations on heat conduction in heat irritation of the labyrinth].

PMID- 13700199
TI  - [Contribution to the differential diagnosis of bone tumors].

PMID- 13700198
TI  - [On the chemism of citric acid formation in alcohol-producing yeasts].

PMID- 13700200
TI  - [Traumatic skin avulsion].

PMID- 13700201
TI  - [Xanthoma of the knee joint].

PMID- 13700202
TI  - Mechanisms of calcification: role of collagen, polyphosphates, and phosphatase.

PMID- 13700203
TI  - Gitalin studies.

PMID- 13700204
TI  - Cation exchange resin therapy for hyperkalemia in infants and children.

PMID- 13700205
TI  - Presence of two glutamic-oxalacetic transaminases in serum of dogs following
      acute injury of the liver.

PMID- 13700206
TI  - Effects of 1,1'-trimethylene bis(4-formylpyridinium bromide) dioxime (TMB-4) on
      cholinesterase activity and neuromuscular block following poisoning with sarin
      and DEP.

PMID- 13700207
TI  - Effects of 1,1'-trimethylenebis(4-formylpyridinium bromide) dioxime (EA 1814) on
      ChE activity and neuromuscular block in rats following poisoning with GB and DFP.

PMID- 13700208
TI  - Effects of puffer poison on neuromuscular transmission.

PMID- 13700209
TI  - Effects of puffer poison on neuromuscular transmission.

PMID- 13700211
TI  - Abilities at different stages of practice in rotary pursuit performance.

PMID- 13700210
TI  - Permeability changes caused by drugs and tissue extracts demonstrated by a bio
      assay method.

PMID- 13700212
TI  - The electrocardiogram in apparently healthy African men.

PMID- 13700213
TI  - [Pediatric experiences with "Sulfamethin"].

PMID- 13700214
TI  - [On the early period of toxic diphtheria].

PMID- 13700215
TI  - [On the prevention of anaphylactic reactions and intracutaneous tests in
      diphtheria].

PMID- 13700216
TI  - Abdominal exploration.

PMID- 13700217
TI  - A possible error in the corticotrophin test for Addison's disease.

PMID- 13700218
TI  - [The relations of the hospital and urban medical practitioners].

PMID- 13700219
TI  - Biological warfare could wipe out our civilization.

PMID- 13700220
TI  - Atrial septal defect. Significance, physiological and clinical aspects.

PMID- 13700221
TI  - Bananas--a remarkable nutrient.

PMID- 13700222
TI  - Clitoridectomy--the disastrous downfall of Isaac Baker BROWN (1867).

PMID- 13700223
TI  - Treatment of Salmonella oranienburg infection by sulfadimethoxine: report
      involving a family of nine.

PMID- 13700224
TI  - Non-enzymic transamination between glycine and glyoxylate.

PMID- 13700225
TI  - An after-care program for patients discharged from mental hospitals.

PMID- 13700226
TI  - The assay of stilboestrol by the isotope dilution technique.

PMID- 13700227
TI  - Studies of the antigenic properties of alpha chymotrypsin.

PMID- 13700228
TI  - Intestinal obstruction and the use of unabsorbable sutures and ligatures.

PMID- 13700229
TI  - Non-enzymatic lysis of fibrin s by bile.

PMID- 13700230
TI  - Hyaline membrane following total body radiation. Relation to lung plasminogen
      activator.

PMID- 13700231
TI  - Further studies on the effect of mammalian parathyroid extract on the serum
      calcium levels of two closely related teleosts.

PMID- 13700232
TI  - The development of supersensitivity to norepinephrine after pretreatment with
      reserpine.

PMID- 13700233
TI  - A really happy month in a geriatric hospital.

PMID- 13700234
TI  - The role of the Federal Government in problems of the aged.

PMID- 13700235
TI  - The role of voluntary health associations in meeting future health needs.

PMID- 13700236
TI  - [On the use of lyophilized tissue in surgery].

PMID- 13700237
TI  - [Behavior and significance of the postoperative magnesium blood level as compared
      with other electrolytes].

PMID- 13700238
TI  - [Experiences with the Lezius-Herzer round nail in pertrochanteric fractures].

PMID- 13700239
TI  - [On surgery of the adrenals].

PMID- 13700240
TI  - [On the surgical treatment of irreducible sub-capital humerus fractures].

PMID- 13700241
TI  - [The current status in the surgical treatment of endoangiitis obliterans].

PMID- 13700242
TI  - [On the resistance of parasites to chemotherapeutic agents].

PMID- 13700243
TI  - [Chemical demonstration of histamine in x-irradiated histidine solutions].

PMID- 13700244
TI  - [Inhibition and intensification of radiation effects by cystein].

PMID- 13700245
TI  - [On the histamine hypothesis of the biological effects of roentgen rays].

PMID- 13700246
TI  - [On the photochemical formation of amines in solutions of aromatic amino acids].

PMID- 13700247
TI  - Absence of compensatory ovarian hypertrophy in rats with anterior hypothalamic
      lesions.

PMID- 13700248
TI  - Luteinisation induced in 'constant' oestrus rats by lowering oestrogen
      production.

PMID- 13700249
TI  - Pituitary hypertrophy after anterior hypothalamic lesion.

PMID- 13700250
TI  - [On the increased auto-oxidation of ascorbic acid in Soerensen's phosphate
      buffer].

PMID- 13700251
TI  - [Results of 1959 BCG vaccination of school children in Budapest].

PMID- 13700252
TI  - [Tuberculin control of BCG vaccination in new-born infants by the human T. T.
      forte plaster].

PMID- 13700254
TI  - Stimulus generalization of conditioned suppression.
AB  - A tone ending in unavoidable electric shock was periodically presented to pigeons
      while they pecked a key for food. When pecking was completely disrupted by tone,
      shock was disconnected, and the training tone and tones having new frequencies
      were presented. Initially the gradient of generalization was broad; as testing
      proceeded, however, the gradient narrowed severely.

PMID- 13700253
TI  - Distribution and excretion of radioactivity in rats after oral administration of
      H3-3-methylcholanthrene.

PMID- 13700255
TI  - [Pathological state of drunkenness and other states of drunkenness. On complex
      clinical and psycho-legal problems].

PMID- 13700256
TI  - Thoughts on the de la Warr case.

PMID- 13700257
TI  - Assay of thrombolytic ('fibrinolytic') mixtures intended for therapeutic use.

PMID- 13700258
TI  - Thrombolytic (fibrinolytic) therapy for coronary heart disease.

PMID- 13700259
TI  - Current status of the use of defibrinating enzymes in vascular grafting.

PMID- 13700260
TI  - Chronic bronchitis. A further study of simple diagnostic methods in a working
      population.

PMID- 13700261
TI  - Disease classification for a department of rheumatism.

PMID- 13700262
TI  - The design of a second cobalt 60 unit, based on the experience acquired with
      1,000 patients treated with the first unit.

PMID- 13700263
TI  - Radiation-induced formation of dihydroxyphenylalanine from tyrosine and tyrosine
      containing peptides in aqueous solution.

PMID- 13700264
TI  - Maximal work production in man.

PMID- 13700265
TI  - Fibrosarcomatous epulis. Report of a case.

PMID- 13700266
TI  - Biotin in the synthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol by mammalian liver.

PMID- 13700267
TI  - Effects of thyroxine on the synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids by cell-free
      fractions of rat liver.

PMID- 13700268
TI  - Partial reversal of the effects of thyroxine on lipid synthesis in rat liver by
      the addition of cofactors in vitro.

PMID- 13700270
TI  - Studies of the effects of phenmetrazine (Preludin) in cardiovascular disease.

PMID- 13700269
TI  - The effect of some cofactors on the synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol in
      cell-fre preparations of rat liver.

PMID- 13700271
TI  - Turnover of liver mitochondrial components in adult and senescent rats.

PMID- 13700272
TI  - Reducing diets. Weight loss of obese patients on diets of different composition.

PMID- 13700273
TI  - Tongue-thrust swallow, speech articulation, and age.

PMID- 13700274
TI  - A new preparation of gastrin: preliminary characterization.

PMID- 13700275
TI  - Analyses of porcine aorta homografts and of normal aorta. Cholesterol,
      phospholipid and mineral composition of variously treated homografts and of
      normal aorta.

PMID- 13700276
TI  - Complete division of the common bile duct due to blunt trauma. Report of a case
      and review of the literature.

PMID- 13700277
TI  - A respiratory unit.

PMID- 13700278
TI  - [Radioclinical fact: post-traumatic deforming disko-spondylosis occurring in a 13
      year-old child].

PMID- 13700279
TI  - [High voltages in radiotomography of the spine and in radiopelvimetry. Technic.
      Results. Dosimetry].

PMID- 13700280
TI  - [Abnormal behavior of aldoses under the influence of periodic acid].

PMID- 13700281
TI  - [A simplified screening test for phenylpyruvic acid in the urine for a mass
      survey].

PMID- 13700282
TI  - A peroral hydraulic biopsy tube for multiple sampling at any level of the gastro
      intestinal tract.

PMID- 13700283
TI  - Suggestions for international co-operation in the field of optometry.

PMID- 13700284
TI  - The effect of parabiosis and fluid restriction on the development of azo dye
      induced rat liver tumors.

PMID- 13700285
TI  - Localization of lens antigens in developing frog embryos.

PMID- 13700287
TI  - [On the hematology of acute radiation syndrome].

PMID- 13700286
TI  - Structural, cytologic and autoradiographic (H3-thymidine) changes in the bone
      marrow following total body irradiation.

PMID- 13700288
TI  - [The transfusion of H3-thymidine-labelled homologous bone marrow cells in totally
      irradiated rats].

PMID- 13700289
TI  - Some practical aspects in the diagnosis and therapy of the common papulo-squamous
      eruptions.

PMID- 13700290
TI  - [Problems concerning the aged patients of the ophthalmologist].

PMID- 13700291
TI  - Adenohypophysis and adrenal cortex.

PMID- 13700292
TI  - Observations in the SAM two-man space cabin simulator. IV. Behavioral factors in
      selection and performance.

PMID- 13700293
TI  - The treatment of acne with tolbutamide.

PMID- 13700294
TI  - A screening investigation of the use of lipoic acid as an anti-diabetic agent.

PMID- 13700295
TI  - Symposium on steroids.

PMID- 13700297
TI  - Treatment of the oliguric patient with a new sodium-exchange resin and sorbitol;
      a preliminary report.

PMID- 13700296
TI  - Metabolism of C14-labeled substrates in kidney cortical slices from normal and
      alloxan-diabetic rats.

PMID- 13700298
TI  - Microbiology of some soils from Antarctica.

PMID- 13700299
TI  - Biological warfare and the livestock industry.

PMID- 13700300
TI  - [Experiences with the anesthetic fluothane at a medium-sized hospital].

PMID- 13700301
TI  - Problems of the part-time industrial physican.

PMID- 13700302
TI  - Use of Salmonellae antagonists in fermenting egg white. I. Microbial antagonists
      of Salmonellae.

PMID- 13700303
TI  - [Clinical considerations on 2 unusual cases of esophageal diverticula].

PMID- 13700304
TI  - How to develop a questionnaire.

PMID- 13700305
TI  - Serum proteolytic enzyme activity in pancreatic disease.

PMID- 13700306
TI  - Partial deiodination of 1-thyroxine.

PMID- 13700307
TI  - The nature of contrast phenomena.

PMID- 13700308
TI  - The physiologic basis of simultaneous color contrast.

PMID- 13700309
TI  - Sex differences in hearing in relation to noise exposure.

PMID- 13700310
TI  - A method for concentrating solutes of high molecular weight.

PMID- 13700311
TI  - [Bone marrow transplantation after dimethyl myleran as a method of evaluation of
      the effect of mutagenetic influences on transplantation antigenicity of
      hematopoietic cells].

PMID- 13700312
TI  - Mushroom poisoning: report of three cases with one death.

PMID- 13700313
TI  - Essential hyperlipemia.

PMID- 13700314
TI  - Centricity of Maxwell's spot in strabismus and amblyopia.

PMID- 13700315
TI  - Retinal correspondency and the horopter in anomalous correspondence.

PMID- 13700316
TI  - On the relationship between accommodation and accommodative convergence. II.
      Stability.

PMID- 13700317
TI  - On the relationship between accommodation and accommodative convergence. III.
      Effects of orthoptics.

PMID- 13700318
TI  - On the relationship between accommodative convergence. Part I. Linearity.

PMID- 13700319
TI  - An investigation of the urinary metabolites and secretion rates of aldosterone
      and cortisol in man and a description of methods for their measurement.

PMID- 13700320
TI  - Spontaneous perforation of the umbilicus in Laennec's cirrhosis with massive
      ascites.

PMID- 13700321
TI  - Incidence of nasal Staphylococcus aureus in a group of forty-seven student
      nurses.

PMID- 13700322
TI  - Spontaneous rupture of the spleen in acute myeloid leukaemia.

PMID- 13700323
TI  - Stochastic learning in rats with hypothalamic implants.

PMID- 13700324
TI  - [Anatomy and pathology of the bronchial artery].

PMID- 13700326
TI  - [Notes on certain aspects of the American gerontological program].

PMID- 13700325
TI  - [A contribution of Social Service to prevention of the crisis of the aged in
      modern Italian society].

PMID- 13700327
TI  - Compact high intensity radiant heat unit for clinical use.

PMID- 13700328
TI  - [Compression arthrodeses of the talocrural joint].

PMID- 13700329
TI  - [Intrahepatic biliary lithiasis].

PMID- 13700330
TI  - [A case of pericardiac mesothelioma. Anatomo-clinical study].

PMID- 13700332
TI  - [Study of the development of interference within recognition tests].

PMID- 13700331
TI  - [Granulosa-cell tumors of the skin].

PMID- 13700333
TI  - [Concept and modern treatment of glaucoma].

PMID- 13700334
TI  - [Behavior of the isolated liver of Bufo arenarum Hensel perfused with oxygenated
      and/or glucose solutions].

PMID- 13700336
TI  - [News in ophthalmology].

PMID- 13700335
TI  - [Effect of insulin in perfusion of the isolated liver of Bufo arenarum Hensel].

PMID- 13700337
TI  - [Vegetable mixtures as sources of protein in human nutrition. II. The dietary
      problem of Guatemala].

PMID- 13700338
TI  - [Acidosis and diabetic coma. Therapeutic considerations].

PMID- 13700339
TI  - [A case of human fascioliasis in the choledochus].

PMID- 13700340
TI  - The non-identity of the transmitter substance of crustacean inhibitory neurons
      and gamma-aminobutyric acid.

PMID- 13700341
TI  - A new test preparation for bio-assay of factor I and gamma-aminobutyric acid.

PMID- 13700342
TI  - Comparative physiology: transmitter substances.

PMID- 13700344
TI  - Medical science in the twentieth century.

PMID- 13700343
TI  - Coronary artery disease.

PMID- 13700345
TI  - Leucocyte migration from small blood vessels stimulated with ultraviolet light:
      an electron-microscope study.

PMID- 13700346
TI  - The pseudointima lining fabric grafts of the aorta.

PMID- 13700347
TI  - Electron microscopic observations on goblet cells of the rat's colon.

PMID- 13700348
TI  - [Infection of the biliary system. Bacteriological study of 100 cases, using
      surgical specimens].

PMID- 13700349
TI  - [Amebiasis].

PMID- 13700350
TI  - [Vascular sclerosis, blood lipids, cholesterol and Triparanol].

PMID- 13700351
TI  - [Nigrofurans].

PMID- 13700352
TI  - [Neuroendocrine biotonus and infection].

PMID- 13700354
TI  - [Some current aspects of infection].

PMID- 13700353
TI  - [New sulfonamides and other chemotherapeutics of interest in the therapy of
      infection].

PMID- 13700355
TI  - [Current septicemias].

PMID- 13700356
TI  - [Current septicemias].

PMID- 13700357
TI  - [Clinical aspects, functional exploration and present treatment of medical
      hepatopathies. III].

PMID- 13700359
TI  - [Clinical aspects, functional examination and current treatment of medical
      diseases of the liver. II].

PMID- 13700358
TI  - [Heterodoxy in the clinical aspects of infection. The malignant syndrome. The
      chromiseptic syndrome. The dysthermic syndrome].

PMID- 13700360
TI  - [Clinical aspects, functional examination and current treatment of medical
      hepatopathies. I].

PMID- 13700361
TI  - [Hereditary diseases associated with ovarian dysgenesis].

PMID- 13700362
TI  - [The pheochromocytoma and its metabolic complications].

PMID- 13700363
TI  - [Studies on the possibilities of prevention of dermatomycoses transmitted from
      animals].

PMID- 13700364
TI  - Congenital angioblastic meningioma. Review of literature and report of case.

PMID- 13700365
TI  - Plasma protein binding of triamcinolone-H3 and hydrocortisone-4-C14.

PMID- 13700366
TI  - Plasma half-life, tissue distribution, and excretion of triamcinolone-H3.

PMID- 13700367
TI  - Metabolic fate of a synthetic corticosteroid (triamcinolone) in the dog.

PMID- 13700368
TI  - [Iodine content in natural water resources of the Burmakinsk District in the
      Iaroslav Region and foci of enlarged thyroid in the population].

PMID- 13700369
TI  - [The limits of radiographic enlargement].

PMID- 13700370
TI  - [The theoretical presuppositions and practical applications of the indication of
      the thickness of the layer in sagittal, frontal and oblique stratigraphy].

PMID- 13700371
TI  - [Considerations on 3 cases of malaria].

PMID- 13700372
TI  - [Stomatological investigations of workers of several industrial regions].

PMID- 13700373
TI  - [Hemochromocytometric examination and dental fluorosis in a fluorotic center of
      Sardinia (Fordongianus)].

PMID- 13700374
TI  - [Comparative relation and critical analysis between activation with cardiazol and
      with megimide, in human epilepsy and in experimental epileptic foci in the
      rabbit].

PMID- 13700375
TI  - [Effects of hypoxic hypoxia and hypercapnic hypoxia on the encephalogram].

PMID- 13700376
TI  - [Clinical contribution to Penfield's 'supplementary motor area'. (Apropos of a
      tumor with characteristic epileptic seizures)].

PMID- 13700377
TI  - [Epilepsy in subjects Rhincompatible in relation to the mother].

PMID- 13700378
TI  - [Effect of histamine on the uropepsin level].

PMID- 13700379
TI  - [Contributions to the biochemistry of the silkworm. XIX. Composition of a fibroin
      of a Hymenoptera (Psenulus concolor Dahlbaum). Comparison with the fibroins of
      Lepidoptera and with other scleroproteins].

PMID- 13700380
TI  - A latex agglutination test for anaerobic diphtheroids.

PMID- 13700381
TI  - Some newly described viruses and diseases associated with them.

PMID- 13700382
TI  - Comparison of ultracentrifuge and polyanion precipitation methods for serum beta
      lipoproteins.

PMID- 13700383
TI  - Hypothalamic influences on heterotropic pituitary in the rat.

PMID- 13700384
TI  - Experimental studies concerning the mechanisms of action of neuroleptics on
      temporary connections.

PMID- 13700385
TI  - New data concerning the psychopharmacology of chloropromazine and reserpine.

PMID- 13700386
TI  - Conformations of macromolecules.

PMID- 13700387
TI  - [After-care of the mental patient in the rural environment].

PMID- 13700389
TI  - [Experimental data in the treatment of acute corrosive esophagitis].

PMID- 13700388
TI  - [The physiology of the sinuses; its clinical and therapeutical applications].

PMID- 13700390
TI  - [Experimental data in the treatment of acute corrosive esophagitis].

PMID- 13700391
TI  - [Considerations on drowining and the treatment of drowning victims].

PMID- 13700392
TI  - [Diving accidents].

PMID- 13700393
TI  - The effect of ear protectors against sound waves from explosions.

PMID- 13700395
TI  - Halothane (fluothane) in closed-circuit anaesthesia.

PMID- 13700394
TI  - [Cesarean section at the Rikshospitalet Gynecological Clinic 1953-1957].

PMID- 13700396
TI  - Status affirmation and status denial in group psychotherapy.

PMID- 13700397
TI  - Anesthesia for obstetric difficulties.

PMID- 13700398
TI  - The effect of analgesia and anesthesia on the fetus.

PMID- 13700399
TI  - The toxic effects of diphenylhydantoin: a report of 23 cases.

PMID- 13700400
TI  - Advances in cardiovascular disease.

PMID- 13700401
TI  - Cervical dilatation in the mid-trimester of pregnancy.

PMID- 13700402
TI  - Mechanism of arterial hypertension. Role of capacity and resistance vessels.

PMID- 13700403
TI  - Inhibition by fatty acids of in vitro conversion of mevalonic acid-2-C14 to
      cholesterol.

PMID- 13700404
TI  - Effect of iproniazid on pregnancy.

PMID- 13700405
TI  - [Serotonin antagonism on the placenta].

PMID- 13700406
TI  - [A case of post-traumatic diabetes insipidus].

PMID- 13700407
TI  - [On the role of the butanesultam derivative Ospolot in the treatment of cerebral
      epilepsy].

PMID- 13700408
TI  - Carcinoma in situ and the transitional zone of the cervix uteri.

PMID- 13700409
TI  - Focal hyperplasis (tunnel clusters) of the cervix uteri.

PMID- 13700411
TI  - Radiation and high school teaching.

PMID- 13700410
TI  - Inactivation of Dry T-1 bacteriophage by helium ions, carbon ions, and oxygen
      ions: comparison of effect for tracks of various ion density.

PMID- 13700413
TI  - [Medical and thermal treatment of pulmonary emphysema].

PMID- 13700412
TI  - Trends and errors in the practice of venereology.

PMID- 13700414
TI  - [Relationship between saliva and vitamin B12. (Contribution to the problem of the
      intrinsic factor)].

PMID- 13700416
TI  - A novel rotary chair.

PMID- 13700417
TI  - Vestibular compensation after labyrinthine destruction.

PMID- 13700415
TI  - Nystagmographic recording of vertical eye movements.

PMID- 13700418
TI  - Estimation of 'progestin' by the Hooker-Forbes method.

PMID- 13700419
TI  - Electronic counting of cells from human bone marrow.

PMID- 13700420
TI  - Building in administrative efficiency.

PMID- 13700421
TI  - Against mass B.C.G. vaccination.

PMID- 13700422
TI  - [The value of conferences in the education of physicians].

PMID- 13700423
TI  - Convergences in the analysis of the structure of interpersonal behavior.

PMID- 13700424
TI  - [Sheehan's syndrome].

PMID- 13700425
TI  - A new type of neuronal inclusion in paralysis agitans. A case report.

PMID- 13700426
TI  - [Results of treatment of corpus cancer in the years 1948 to 1954 at the first
      Univ.-Frauenklinik Wien].

PMID- 13700427
TI  - Dose to the eye from radiographic procedures.

PMID- 13700428
TI  - [Acute renal failure in childhood].

PMID- 13700429
TI  - [On the use of a muscle relaxant in spondylogenic pain states in general
      practice].

PMID- 13700430
TI  - [Therapeutic trials in the treatment of rheumatic and neuralgic diseases using a
      new type myotonolytic antirheumatic drug].

PMID- 13700431
TI  - [A patient with primary myxedema with electrolyte disorders].

PMID- 13700432
TI  - [Observations on the syndrome of the tendon sheath of the obliquus superior
      muscle (Brown's syndrome)].

PMID- 13700433
TI  - [Operation on the vertical muscles in an unusual case of nystagmus].

PMID- 13700434
TI  - [The effect of long-term administration of diet with high fat content on the
      number of mast cells in the rat mesentery].

PMID- 13700435
TI  - [Research on the ammonium-binding action of aspartic acid in hepatic diseases].

PMID- 13700436
TI  - [Enteric microbism and digestion in patients qith achlorhydria].

PMID- 13700437
TI  - [Auto-immune manifestations in chronic hepatitis].

PMID- 13700438
TI  - Enzyme, nitrogen, and DNA concentrations in sarcoma 180 in mice treated with 6
      mercaptopurine.

PMID- 13700439
TI  - [Cases of organic diseases simulating functional disorders].

PMID- 13700440
TI  - [Effect of dextran on experimental tuberculosis in guinea pigs].

PMID- 13700441
TI  - [Interaction of tubercle bacilli with different biological characteristics in
      animals].

PMID- 13700443
TI  - [German physicians in underdeveloped areas].

PMID- 13700442
TI  - [Solitary metastasis of a surgically treated uterine cancer into the 3d cerebral
      ventricle].

PMID- 13700444
TI  - [Infant and child mortality and its causes in underdeveloped country].

PMID- 13700445
TI  - [Influence of duration of birth on the early puerperium].

PMID- 13700446
TI  - [The menarche and pregnancy].

PMID- 13700447
TI  - [On therapy of autonomic nervous system disorders in women].

PMID- 13700448
TI  - [Practical and clinical results of therapy with sedapon].

PMID- 13700449
TI  - [Modification of the diazo reaction of procaine by adrenalin].

PMID- 13700450
TI  - Pathology of granulomatous uveitis.

PMID- 13700451
TI  - [Assay of insulin in choleresis in rats].

PMID- 13700452
TI  - [Further research on the structure dependence of the distinctive action of
      cardenolides and bufadienolides].

PMID- 13700453
TI  - [Structure-activity relations of some cardenolides and bufadienolides with
      respect to various types of cardiac injuries].

PMID- 13700454
TI  - [A case report contribution to the problem of disgerminoma].

PMID- 13700456
TI  - The multiple sclerosis sanatorium at Haslev.

PMID- 13700455
TI  - The Faroe-Shetland-Norway project and its planning.

PMID- 13700457
TI  - A public view: man versus environment.

PMID- 13700458
TI  - Aging and medical progress through research.

PMID- 13700459
TI  - To educate and to be educated.

PMID- 13700460
TI  - Trends in federal aid to medical education.

PMID- 13700461
TI  - [Convulsive action of isoniazid (Apropos of 4 cases)].

PMID- 13700462
TI  - [Study of metastases in bronchogenic carcinoma].

PMID- 13700463
TI  - The friendship garden.

PMID- 13700464
TI  - Levels of intelligence in decision making.

PMID- 13700465
TI  - [A rare form of acroosteolysis].

PMID- 13700466
TI  - [On work capacity in cardiovascular diseases].

PMID- 13700467
TI  - [Work capacity prognosis in cardiosclerosis of diverse pathogenesis].

PMID- 13700468
TI  - Medical training in Sweden.

PMID- 13700470
TI  - [An approach to nursing and the new nursing education, with a few remarks on the
      shortage of nurse].

PMID- 13700469
TI  - Wounds of the pancreas.

PMID- 13700471
TI  - Elimination of pleuropneumonia-like organisms from cell cultures.

PMID- 13700472
TI  - Filamentous organization of poliovirus particles.

PMID- 13700473
TI  - [Transfusion hepatitis].

PMID- 13700474
TI  - [On certain characteristics of postmature pregnancy].

PMID- 13700475
TI  - [Behavior of the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenases and reduced glutathione of
      the erythrocytes of the newborn at term and of prematures].

PMID- 13700476
TI  - Central nervous system electrolyte pattern in allergic encephalomyelitis.

PMID- 13700477
TI  - [Congenital intolerance to lactose (presentation of a case)].

PMID- 13700479
TI  - [Current possibilities in therapy of phenylpyruvic oligophrenia].

PMID- 13700478
TI  - [Idiopathic hypercalcemia and hypercalcemia secondary to excessive administration
      of vitamin D].

PMID- 13700480
TI  - [Treatment of threatened abortion with intravenous progesterone].

PMID- 13700481
TI  - [Treatment of functional metrorrhagias].

PMID- 13700482
TI  - [Anatomoclinical considerations on mesothelioma of the pleura].

PMID- 13700483
TI  - [Advances in electrophoresis].

PMID- 13700484
TI  - Studies on various factors influencing mechanical haemolysis of human
      erythrocytes.

PMID- 13700485
TI  - [Methodology and "pre-science" in psychology].

PMID- 13700486
TI  - [Stability studies of some steroid preparations by thin-layer chromatography].

PMID- 13700487
TI  - [Protein metabolism in the brain].

PMID- 13700488
TI  - [Experiences with smallpox vaccine antigen].

PMID- 13700489
TI  - [Historical aspects of camphor].

PMID- 13700490
TI  - The possible dangers of intramuscular succinylcholine.

PMID- 13700491
TI  - Studies with muscle relaxants in unanesthetized subjects.

PMID- 13700492
TI  - The influence of exercise on the neuromuscular activity of relaxant drugs.

PMID- 13700493
TI  - The use of toxiferine for the production of surgical relaxation.

PMID- 13700494
TI  - [Toxiferin. Experimental and clinical research on its neuromuscular effects].

PMID- 13700496
TI  - [Excretion in the urine of I-131-labeled tuberculin].

PMID- 13700495
TI  - [Comparative studies on some effects of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) in young
      and old white rats].

PMID- 13700497
TI  - [Further research on the effect of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) on gas
      metabolism in white rats].

PMID- 13700498
TI  - [Linkage of purified I-131 labeled tuberculin to peritoneal exudates in guinea
      pigs and rats].

PMID- 13700499
TI  - Isolation and some properties of the phages of B. cereus NRRL 569.

PMID- 13700500
TI  - [Studies on binding of I-131 by serum proteins after the administration of
      thyrotropic hormone].

PMID- 13700501
TI  - [Cases of hyperthyroidism with an increase of serum thyrotropic hormone].

PMID- 13700502
TI  - [Results of the treatment of hyperthyreosis].

PMID- 13700503
TI  - Chemical and serological investigations on the proteins of Mycobacterium
      tuberculosis.

PMID- 13700504
TI  - Some observations on the mechanism of the Middlebrook--Dubos haemagglutination
      test.

PMID- 13700505
TI  - The isolation and some properties of the components of Mycobacterium
      tuberculosis.

PMID- 13700506
TI  - The nature of the specific polysaccharides of tubercle bacilli III.

PMID- 13700507
TI  - [Determination of thyrotropic hormone in guinea pigs. Inhibiting effect of human
      serum on the activity of thyrotropic hormone].

PMID- 13700508
TI  - Antigenicity and stability on storage of Salk type vaccines produced in Hungary
      and abroad.

PMID- 13700509
TI  - [The effects of intravenously injected rauwopur on general and renal
      hemodynamics].

PMID- 13700510
TI  - Reflex increase of sodium excretion elicited by posterior pituitary extracted
      (Piton).

PMID- 13700511
TI  - [The effect of hyaluronidase on the transport of plasma proteins through the
      thoracic duct].

PMID- 13700512
TI  - [On macrocheilitis].

PMID- 13700513
TI  - [Skin symptoms produced by steroid therapy].

PMID- 13700514
TI  - [Suggested changes for dermatological education].

PMID- 13700515
TI  - [A case of mesenterial vascular tumor].

PMID- 13700516
TI  - [Effect of novocaine on capillary permeability in the skin].

PMID- 13700517
TI  - [Early interventricular septal perforation in cardiac infarction].

PMID- 13700518
TI  - Studies on the mechanism of action of cytoxan. Evidence of activation in vivo and
      in vitro.

PMID- 13700519
TI  - Heterograft and homograft responses elicited by mammalian cells following in
      vitro cultivation.

PMID- 13700520
TI  - Antitumor antibiotics.

PMID- 13700521
TI  - The stiffness of spastic muscle.

PMID- 13700522
TI  - Achromobacter septicemia-fatalities in prematures. I. Clinical and
      epidemiological study.

PMID- 13700523
TI  - A quantitative study of the functional components of the facial nerve.

PMID- 13700524
TI  - Catholic schools of nursing.

PMID- 13700525
TI  - Tactual vernier-acuity.

PMID- 13700526
TI  - Interrelationships of background area, target area, and target luminance in their
      effect on the critical flicker frequency of the human fovea.

PMID- 13700527
TI  - Pulmonary arteriovenous aneurysm.

PMID- 13700528
TI  - A histochemical study of regenerating large bowel epithelium.

PMID- 13700529
TI  - [Apropos of a pericarditis with effusion during a confirmed Q fever.
      Contemporaneous primary infection. Diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic
      problems].

PMID- 13700530
TI  - Carboxypeptidase B. V. Amino- and carboxyl-terminal sequences.

PMID- 13700531
TI  - Influence of cobalt and cadmium on the peptidase and esterase activities of
      carboxypeptidase B.

PMID- 13700532
TI  - The amino acid sequence of peptide B of co-fibrin.

PMID- 13700533
TI  - Some differences amongst mental patients selected for rehabilitation.

PMID- 13700534
TI  - [Arteriovenous angioma of the brain in a pregnant woman].

PMID- 13700535
TI  - Hospital admissions for pediatric accidents in Upper Assam.

PMID- 13700536
TI  - The age at menarche in Assam and Burma.

PMID- 13700537
TI  - [Chronology of the differentiation of hypophysial cells (between 15 and 45 days)
      in Lebistes reticulatus R. Study with the electron microscope].

PMID- 13700538
TI  - Insulin and metabolism of fatty acids.

PMID- 13700539
TI  - Ventricular mechanics and intracardiac electrogram in experimental bundle-branch
      block.

PMID- 13700540
TI  - [Clinical cases of hysterical psychoses].

PMID- 13700541
TI  - [On the reproduction of Diastrophus rubi Hartig (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae)].

PMID- 13700542
TI  - Presentation of the Kober Medal for 1960 to David MARINE.

PMID- 13700543
TI  - Health insurance for the cost of drugs.

PMID- 13700544
TI  - Increased bronchial collateral circulation in a patient with transposition of the
      great vessels and pulmonary hypertension.

PMID- 13700545
TI  - Occupational health: a world perspective.

PMID- 13700546
TI  - Radiological physics at an oceanographic institution.

PMID- 13700547
TI  - Trend of caesium-137 in the effluent of a large city.

PMID- 13700548
TI  - [Amino aciduria in rheumatic disease in children].

PMID- 13700549
TI  - The Ospedale Maggiore's campaign against cancer and rheumatism.

PMID- 13700550
TI  - [Contribution of the clinico-hospital complex of the Ospedale Maggiore di Torino
      in the campaign against social diseases with special reference to cancer and
      rheumatism].

PMID- 13700551
TI  - [Possibilities of roentgen diagnosis of varicose veins of the esophagus and
      stomach in hepato-lienal syndrome in children].

PMID- 13700552
TI  - [Certain aspects of work of dermato-venereological services during 40 years of
      the existence of Tatar ASSR].

PMID- 13700553
TI  - [Cure of psoriasis after co-existing measles].

PMID- 13700554
TI  - [Comparative studies on antibiotic toxicity in cultures, of transplantable human
      amnion cells].

PMID- 13700555
TI  - [Treatment of coronary atherosclerosis with testosterone associated with vitamin
      B12].

PMID- 13700556
TI  - [Quantitative determination of 2-desoxy-D-glucose-6-phosphate].

PMID- 13700557
TI  - Single dose x-ray radiation to the lung and posterior mediastinum through the
      open chest. III. Results in dogs receiving doses of 2,000 r and 3,000 r.

PMID- 13700558
TI  - Long nose with double lip syndrome.

PMID- 13700560
TI  - Rhinoplastic concept and commentary.

PMID- 13700559
TI  - Aging face: surgical management.

PMID- 13700561
TI  - Nitrogen balance studies with normal full-term infants receiving high intake of
      protein. Comparisons with previous studies employing lower intakes of protein.

PMID- 13700562
TI  - [On the problem of isolated pulmonary lymph-ogranulomatosis].

PMID- 13700563
TI  - [Vestibulo-palpebral reflex].

PMID- 13700564
TI  - [Effect of physical education in lowering of infant morbidity].

PMID- 13700565
TI  - [Inhibition of food and defense conditioned reflexes of the 2d type produced by
      excitation of the limbic system].

PMID- 13700566
TI  - Hydroxyzine as a component of anti-asthmatic treatment.

PMID- 13700567
TI  - Mucolytic therapy in asthma.

PMID- 13700568
TI  - Evaluation of telescopic spectacles. (Thirty-nine cases changed to simpler
      lenses).

PMID- 13700569
TI  - [Psychosomatic aspect of anxiety].

PMID- 13700570
TI  - Studies on tubercle bacillusmonocyte relationship. IV. Effects of passage in
      normal and immune systems upon virulent bacilli.
AB  - Passage of the virulent H37Rv strain of tubercle bacillus in normal or immune
      systems (normal or immune monocytes suspended in the corresponding serum)
      resulted in decreased virulence of the bacilli; this was evidenced by the very
      low mortality rates in mice inoculated intravenously with passaged bacilli.
      Passaged bacilli when cultivated directly in tween-albumin medium or when grown
      on glycerol-blood agar plates after recovery from infected mouse tissues proved
      as virulent as unpassaged bacilli. The decreased virulence of passaged H37Rv was
      accompanied by loss of ability to bind neutral red. Passaged H37Rv was more
      sensitive than unpassaged bacilli to inactivation by sodium oleate and by normal
      monocyte lysate; however, passaged H37Rv was more resistant than unpassaged
      bacilli to inhibition by streptomycin.

PMID- 13700571
TI  - [Basic problems of work hygiene in the petroleum technochemical industry].

PMID- 13700572
TI  - [Electrolyte disorders caused by the intravenous infusion of urea].

PMID- 13700574
TI  - Contributions to the experimental study of intestinal obstruction.

PMID- 13700573
TI  - [Glutamate of arginine as medication of hyperammoniemia in grave hepatic
      insufficiency].

PMID- 13700575
TI  - [On the fibrinolytic action of urokinase].

PMID- 13700576
TI  - [Recent studies on physiological fibrinolytic processes in vitro].

PMID- 13700577
TI  - [Study of vacuole formation by thrombocytes and on their function].

PMID- 13700578
TI  - [The Rehm and Lago tests in urology].

PMID- 13700579
TI  - The occurrence of pancreatic antibodies and the experimental production of
      pancreatitis with pancreatic antiserum.

PMID- 13700580
TI  - Experimental studies and clinical experience with isolated limb perfusion of
      fungicidal drugs.

PMID- 13700581
TI  - Transitional-cell splenic cyst excised without splenectomy. Report of a case.

PMID- 13700582
TI  - [The determination of the mucoproteins (seromucoid) of the blood in the course of
      kidney diseases].

PMID- 13700583
TI  - [Contribution to the diagnosis of myocardial infarct. Note 2. The determination
      of glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase and lactic dehydrogenase in acute myocardial
      infarct].

PMID- 13700584
TI  - [Behavior of the serum mucoproteins in hepatic cirrhosis].

PMID- 13700585
TI  - [Clinico-experimental contribution to the validity of a new test of the colloidal
      lability of the blood serum].

PMID- 13700586
TI  - [Contribution to the diagnosis of myocardial infarct. III. Variations of serum
      aldolase in acute myocardial infarct].

PMID- 13700587
TI  - [Semeiological significance of total cholesterolemia in atherosclerotic
      patients].

PMID- 13700588
TI  - [Serum mucoproteins and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in acute articular
      rheumatism].

PMID- 13700589
TI  - [Studies on cholesterol III. Values of blood cholesterol in a group of
      atherosclerotic subjects].

PMID- 13700590
TI  - [Studies on cholesterol. IV. Total blood cholesterol and urinary elimination of
      17-ketosteroids].

PMID- 13700591
TI  - [Studies on cholesterol. Note II. Serum cholesterol values in a group of normal
      subjects].

PMID- 13700592
TI  - [The determination of the mucoproteins (seromucoid) of the blood in the course of
      liver diseases].

PMID- 13700593
TI  - [Variations of total cholesterolemia in the two sexes].

PMID- 13700594
TI  - [Cavo-pulmonary anastomosis in tetralogy of Fallot].

PMID- 13700595
TI  - [Dyspneic-cyanotic attacks in children with tetralogy of Fallot].

PMID- 13700596
TI  - [Ventricular septal defect causing aortic insufficiency].

PMID- 13700597
TI  - The serpent as a medical emblem.

PMID- 13700598
TI  - Wilms' tumor.

PMID- 13700599
TI  - [Current value of electroshock in the therapy of depressions].

PMID- 13700600
TI  - [Mental hygiene of adolescence (undisciplined adolescence)].

PMID- 13700601
TI  - [Disorders of respiratory function in the child. Its study by the determination
      of O2 and CO2 in the arterial blood. Their changes in acute infectious
      pneumopathies].

PMID- 13700602
TI  - [Indications and results of artificial respiration in various diseases. Clinical
      experience with 268 cases].

PMID- 13700603
TI  - [Notes on acarology. XLVI. Zooparasitic acarofauna in Bolivia].

PMID- 13700604
TI  - [The teaching of surgery in medical schools].

PMID- 13700606
TI  - [Carcinoma of the stomach].

PMID- 13700605
TI  - [Pregnancy associated with tetralogy of Fallot. Considerations apropos of
      surgicial case].

PMID- 13700607
TI  - Otorhinolaryngological considerations on the temporal arteritis syndrome.

PMID- 13700608
TI  - [Idiopathic or constitutional precocious puberty. Apropos of a case of sexual
      precocity in a 5-year-old girl].

PMID- 13700609
TI  - Oesophageal voice: a factor of readiness.

PMID- 13700610
TI  - [Study of aged blood by zone electrophoresis].

PMID- 13700612
TI  - [Biochemical bases of ketosis states].

PMID- 13700611
TI  - [Study of macerations of human blood stains and crusts by zone electrophoresis].

PMID- 13700613
TI  - [Evaluation of the gonadotropic power of the hypophysis of teleostean fish, and
      in particular of Salmo salar L. at various states of its development and during
      its migrations].

PMID- 13700614
TI  - [Rickettsioses and uveitis].

PMID- 13700616
TI  - [Does the European eel die without reproducing itself?].

PMID- 13700615
TI  - [Action of a thyrostimulating antehypophyseal extract on the maturation of the
      ovaries of the female eel].

PMID- 13700617
TI  - [Some physiological problems posed by Salmo salar. Importance of the study of the
      smoltification type of preparation for migratory behavior].

PMID- 13700618
TI  - [Carcinoid of the small intestine with hepatic metastases and Bjoerck's syndrome.
      Apropos of a personal observation].

PMID- 13700619
TI  - [Contribution to the study of pathogenic varieties and of treatment of intestino
      mesenteric infarction. Apropos of 2 cases thrombectomy practised on the superior
      mesenteric vein and its branches].

PMID- 13700621
TI  - [A new case of the "arteries empty of blood" syndrome involving the left
      subclavian artery].

PMID- 13700620
TI  - [Remote results of extended extra-mucosal cardio-esophagotomy by the
      intrathoracic method combined with resection of the left dorsal splanchnic and
      sympathetic nerves, for mega-esophagus].

PMID- 13700622
TI  - [Transmetatarsal amputation in gangrene of arterial origin].

PMID- 13700623
TI  - The metabolism of the arterial wall and its variations during the ageing process.

PMID- 13700624
TI  - [Metabolism of the arterial wall and its variations during aging].

PMID- 13700625
TI  - [The mineral-protein stroma of normal and pathological human bone as seen in the
      electron microscope].

PMID- 13700626
TI  - [Subcondylar fractures of the humerus in the child and their treatment. Apropos
      of 90 personally observed cases].

PMID- 13700627
TI  - [Contribution of radiology in the pathology of Meckel's diverticulum].

PMID- 13700628
TI  - [Aid given by radiology in endocrine and nonendocrine diseases of the adrenal
      gland].

PMID- 13700629
TI  - [Emergency radiological examination during hematemesis].

PMID- 13700630
TI  - [Post-traumatic functional reflex syndrome of the joints: anatomoclinical
      character, pathogenesis, prevention and treatment].

PMID- 13700631
TI  - [The surgical treatment of permanent arterial hypertension].

PMID- 13700632
TI  - [Study of the contamination of an artificial fresh-water biocenosis by
      radioactive cerium].

PMID- 13700633
TI  - [Apropos of several atypical aspects of poliomyelitis observed in 1959.
      (Importance of the hypertonic forms)].

PMID- 13700634
TI  - [Asthma and depression. Treatment with methylphenidylacetate].

PMID- 13700635
TI  - [Infection and allergy].

PMID- 13700636
TI  - [Serotonin in allergy].

PMID- 13700637
TI  - [The level of orosomucoids in 107 alcoholics].

PMID- 13700638
TI  - [Effects of inhalations of radon on uricemia and uricuria].

PMID- 13700639
TI  - [Atypical ulcero-mutilating acropathy].

PMID- 13700640
TI  - [Routine technic for testing the transit of I-131 labeled triolein and oleic
      acid].

PMID- 13700641
TI  - [Retinal vascular changes of the young adult. Possible role of Rickettsia].

PMID- 13700643
TI  - [On the elimination from French Guiana of an Aedes aegypti resistant to D.D.T].

PMID- 13700642
TI  - [On the elimination from French Guiana of a population of DDT-resistant Aedes
      aegypti].

PMID- 13700644
TI  - [Problems posed by residual foci of Aedes aegypti on the American continent].

PMID- 13700645
TI  - [Evolution of leprosy endemia in French Guiana after 10 years of using sulfones].

PMID- 13700646
TI  - [Morphological and histochemical observations on the connective tissue in
      invasive carcinomas of the portio].

PMID- 13700647
TI  - [Hydroxyethyldiethylenediaminomethyltetracycline phenoxymethylpenicillinate in
      urological diseases of surgical interest].

PMID- 13700648
TI  - Treatment of nephrosis with methylprednisolone.

PMID- 13700650
TI  - A plea for more scientific evaluation of problems in clinical allergy.

PMID- 13700649
TI  - A new, long-acting antihistamine-sympathomimetic combination for the management
      of nasal congestion.

PMID- 13700651
TI  - Allergic problems in children. Treatment of poison ivy dermatitis.

PMID- 13700652
TI  - Tobacco hypersensitivity.

PMID- 13700653
TI  - [Urinary 17-ketosteroids in a group of criminals perpetrators of rape with
      violence].

PMID- 13700654
TI  - [Painful syndrome caused by hyperextension on dysmorphism of L5 1S].

PMID- 13700655
TI  - [Criteria of traumatology in the osseous oncological field (with special
      reference to aged persons with metastatic forms)].

PMID- 13700656
TI  - [Syndrome of the spinous process of the telegraph-key 5th lumbar vertebra].

PMID- 13700657
TI  - [Short-term treatment with triamcinolone in skin diseases of an allergic nature].

PMID- 13700658
TI  - Some new methods for separation and analysis of fatty acids and other lipids.

PMID- 13700659
TI  - [Present status of the treatment of optic neuritis].

PMID- 13700660
TI  - [The immuno-electrophoretic picture of infantile schizophrenia (2 cases)].

PMID- 13700661
TI  - [Family unit and mental hygiene].

PMID- 13700662
TI  - [Considerations on 102 cases of perniciousform anemia in the infant, observed in
      the decade 1950-1959].

PMID- 13700663
TI  - The phosphorylation of adenosine diphosphate and glucose in isolated brain
      mitochondria at different osmotic concentrations.

PMID- 13700664
TI  - [Injectable prednisolone in pemphigus foliaceus].

PMID- 13700665
TI  - An experimental and clinical study of the use of acid-citrate-dextrose (ACD)
      blood for extracorporeal circulation.

PMID- 13700666
TI  - The use of stored acid-citrate-dextrose (ACD) blood for clinical extracorporeal
      circulation.

PMID- 13700667
TI  - Maintenance of gonads of Xenopus laevis in organ cultures.

PMID- 13700668
TI  - Muscle rehabilitation in anorectal surgery.

PMID- 13700669
TI  - Some comments on the stripping of varicose veins.

PMID- 13700670
TI  - [A new fungicide antibiotic in dermatology: griseofulvin].

PMID- 13700671
TI  - [On a case of eliptocytosis].

PMID- 13700672
TI  - Amylophosphorylase and certain oxidative enzymes in the human ovary.

PMID- 13700674
TI  - "Aphorismoids" on research, education, and service in pathology.

PMID- 13700673
TI  - Glycogen-synthesizing enzymes in the uterine cervix.

PMID- 13700675
TI  - "pH signature" of skin carcinoma. An application of the "pH signature" technique
      to sections of skin of basal- and squamous-cell carcinoma.

PMID- 13700676
TI  - A multiple biopsy technique for the demonstration of uterine serosal
      endometriosis.

PMID- 13700677
TI  - The human ovary in relation to aging. Protein characterization by the "pH
      signature" technique.

PMID- 13700678
TI  - [Results of olecranon fractures treated conservatively].

PMID- 13700679
TI  - [A contribution to clinical aspects and therapy of cervical ribs].

PMID- 13700680
TI  - [Polygraphic study of mitral steno-insufficiency].

PMID- 13700681
TI  - [Biological note on Metacuterebra apicalis (Guerin, 1829-38) (Diptera,
      Cuterebridae)].

PMID- 13700682
TI  - [On Phlebotomos species in the territory of Amapa, Brazil].

PMID- 13700683
TI  - [Phlebotomus as a vector of leishmaniasis in a neotropical region].

PMID- 13700684
TI  - Coronary artery aneurysm.

PMID- 13700685
TI  - Idiopathic cardiomegaly.

PMID- 13700686
TI  - Estimation of total body fat from potassium-40 content.
AB  - On the assumption that the potassium content of the lean body mass is constant,
      it should be possible to estimate fat content in living man from a measurement of
      potassium-40 activity in the whole-body scintillation counter. A series of such
      measurements on children and young adults shows good correlations with skin-fold
      thickness and weight/height ratio as indices of fatness.

PMID- 13700687
TI  - Estimation of total body fat from potassium-40 content.

PMID- 13700688
TI  - Non-reactive tuberculosis in a cortisone treated patient.

PMID- 13700689
TI  - Staphylococal infection of operation wounds with special reference to topical
      antibiotic prophylaxis.

PMID- 13700690
TI  - Symposium on overnutrition; introductory remarks.

PMID- 13700691
TI  - Autoantibody tests in thyroid disease.

PMID- 13700692
TI  - Severe reaction to iron dextran.

PMID- 13700693
TI  - "Bantu tropical anaemia" in Rhodesia.

PMID- 13700694
TI  - Thoughts about things in the thorax. A demonstration delivered to the Clinical
      Club.

PMID- 13700695
TI  - Croup and its management.

PMID- 13700696
TI  - Croup viruses: clinical aspects.

PMID- 13700697
TI  - Effect of centrifugation at 20,000 x g on lipid distribution of human sera.

PMID- 13700698
TI  - Effect of a tryptophan-niacin deficient diet on the adrenal response of rats
      exposed to cold and alcohol intoxication.

PMID- 13700699
TI  - Factors affecting extractability of cholesterol from lyophilized sera by cold
      chloroform.

PMID- 13700700
TI  - The transport of organic anions by the rabbit ciliary body. IV. Acetazolamide and
      rate of aqueous flow.

PMID- 13700701
TI  - The transport of organic anions by the rabbit eye. II. In vivo transport of
      iodopyracet (Diodrast).

PMID- 13700702
TI  - Inactivation of progesterone by cellular fractions of rat liver and kidney in
      vitro.

PMID- 13700703
TI  - Progestin in the blood of newborn infants.

PMID- 13700704
TI  - Pilomatrixoma (calcifying epithelioma).

PMID- 13700705
TI  - [Treatment of depression].

PMID- 13700706
TI  - Keys to cultural understanding.
AB  - Figures of speech are tangible manifestations of deeply rooted modes of
      perception and conceptualization. They represent categories or models for
      interpreting the universe-natural and supernatural, and material and non-material
      phenomena. These categories or models are reflected in all aspects of culture and
      are fundamentally determined by culture. They should not be considered universal
      but, rather, extremely relative and highly variable. Some students of language
      and culture, such as Whorf, would consider figures of speech not to be the most
      important organizing categories and would give precedence to grammatical
      constructions-that is, subject-predicate division or verb tenses. The use of
      figures of speech, however, is in some ways more easily investigated than
      grammatical categories, and their analysis can provide both unique and
      corroborative insights into various aspects of a culture, as has been
      demonstrated here with Palauan social organization.

PMID- 13700707
TI  - The energy cost of work.

PMID- 13700708
TI  - Surgical and non-surgical uses of a rectal suppository.

PMID- 13700709
TI  - Human cytogenetics.

PMID- 13700710
TI  - [Chromosomes and leukemia].

PMID- 13700711
TI  - The effect of hyperthyroidism on the uptake of I-131-labeled triiodothyronine by
      the brain and pituitary of the male rat.

PMID- 13700712
TI  - The effect of surgical section of the neurohypophyseal stalk on the appearance of
      hyalin degeneration droplets in the thyrotrophic beta cells in the dog pituitary.

PMID- 13700713
TI  - Chinese-hamster cell strains in vitro:spontaneous chromosome changes and latent
      polyoma-virus infection.

PMID- 13700714
TI  - The relationship of human genital pleuropneumonia-like organisms to arthritis
      complicating urethritis.

PMID- 13700715
TI  - Metabolic changes in cattle near the time of parturition. II. Hepatic fat and
      glycogen content, together with glucose-6-phosphatase, phosphorylase and beta
      glucuronidase activity of liver.

PMID- 13700716
TI  - Psychotherapy with child psychotics.

PMID- 13700717
TI  - The nutritional standard of children in South Africa.

PMID- 13700718
TI  - Rupture of bronchus with recurrent stricture following primary anastomosis.

PMID- 13700719
TI  - The nutrition of a Lactobacillus acidophilus variant isolated from the duodenum
      of a chick.

PMID- 13700720
TI  - A microbiological method for assessing the nutritional value of proteins.

PMID- 13700722
TI  - Spondylo-epiphyseal dysplasia (pseudo-achondroplastic type).

PMID- 13700721
TI  - Cycloheximide (Acti-dione) and its nonagricultural uses.

PMID- 13700723
TI  - Investigating deaths of public concern.

PMID- 13700724
TI  - Comparative clinical effects of hydrochlorothiazide and methyclothiazide.

PMID- 13700725
TI  - [Studies on an effective diuretic of the benzothiadiazine group: neo-rontyl].

PMID- 13700726
TI  - Kidney function in various thyroid states.

PMID- 13700727
TI  - Clinical and pharmacologic observations on a monoamine oxidase inhibitor
      (pargyline hydrochloride) in hypertension.

PMID- 13700728
TI  - Clinical experiences with hydroflumethiazide.

PMID- 13700729
TI  - Clinical pharmacologic investigation of polythiazide, a potent oral diuretic
      agent.

PMID- 13700730
TI  - Clinical pharmacologic observations with long-term use of trichlormethiazide.

PMID- 13700731
TI  - Clinical-pharmacologic investigation of methyclothiazide, a new oral diuretic.

PMID- 13700732
TI  - Comparative studies of the newer diuretics.

PMID- 13700733
TI  - Diuretics.

PMID- 13700734
TI  - Human pharmacologic evaluation of hydrobenzthiazide, a new oral diuretic.

PMID- 13700735
TI  - Initial experience with a long-acting oral diuretic, chlorphthalidolone
      (Hygroton).

PMID- 13700736
TI  - The newer diuretics.

PMID- 13700737
TI  - Tetanus in Barbados.

PMID- 13700738
TI  - Roentgenographic features of asplenia, a teratologic syndrome of visceral
      symmetry.

PMID- 13700739
TI  - Splenic cysts.

PMID- 13700740
TI  - Renal displacement associated with enlargement of the spleen.

PMID- 13700741
TI  - The cardiovascular manifestations of acute glomerulonephritis: physiologic basis
      for treatment.

PMID- 13700742
TI  - A problem of insulin dosage.

PMID- 13700743
TI  - Olfaction tests.

PMID- 13700744
TI  - [On the possibility of causal modification of acute pancreatitis by inactivation
      of trypsin].

PMID- 13700745
TI  - [The effect of alloxan diabetes on the diastase, lipase and kallikreinogen in the
      blood].

PMID- 13700746
TI  - [Activation and inactivation of proteolytic enzymes of the pancreas and their
      clinical significance].

PMID- 13700748
TI  - Inherited haemoglobin ionographic properties in cotton rats.

PMID- 13700747
TI  - [On the significance of kallikrein in the pancreas].

PMID- 13700749
TI  - Radioactivity in Cervidae antlers.

PMID- 13700750
TI  - An evaluation of local therapy for second degree burns. A preliminary report.

PMID- 13700751
TI  - A guide to the maintenance of fluid balance in tropical surgery.

PMID- 13700753
TI  - Intraoral removal of adamantinoma.

PMID- 13700752
TI  - A year's surgery in Fiji.

PMID- 13700754
TI  - Mandibulectomy for adamantinoma.

PMID- 13700755
TI  - Priapism as a complication of mumps.

PMID- 13700756
TI  - Spontaneous rupture of an inferior epigastrio artery. Report of a case.

PMID- 13700757
TI  - The effect of protracted application of alcohol upon the liver of horses.

PMID- 13700758
TI  - Clinical perception of the therapeutic transaction.

PMID- 13700759
TI  - Custom-built projective methods: a symposium introduction.

PMID- 13700760
TI  - [Intestinal parasitoses in the province of Pisa. Results of a 3-year period of
      tests and research].

PMID- 13700761
TI  - [Herpes and the visual apparatus].

PMID- 13700762
TI  - [Ophthalmic zona].

PMID- 13700763
TI  - Cooperation between education and service.

PMID- 13700764
TI  - The instructor in nursing.

PMID- 13700765
TI  - Physiology of fat-anti-acid therapy for peptic ulcer.

PMID- 13700766
TI  - [Action of long-term chrysotherapy in chronic evolutive polyarthritis. Study of
      435 cases].

PMID- 13700767
TI  - [Action of long-term chrysotherapy on the evolution of chronic evolutive
      polyarthritis. Study of 435 cases].

PMID- 13700768
TI  - [Progressive withdrawal of corticoids from patients of chronic evolutive
      polyarthritis after prolonged corticotherapy with secondary complications].

PMID- 13700769
TI  - [Reposition of the hip in severe coxarthrosis].

PMID- 13700770
TI  - [Collapse of the metatarsal arch and its treatment].

PMID- 13700771
TI  - [Jan VAN BREEMEN (1874-1961)].

PMID- 13700772
TI  - Special series on hospital planning. VII. The designing of hospitals: problems
      for the architect.

PMID- 13700773
TI  - Urology of childhood. The diagnosis and treatment of bladder neck obstruction in
      children.

PMID- 13700774
TI  - [Acute articular rheumatism in the child].

PMID- 13700775
TI  - [On explosions in the operating room].

PMID- 13700776
TI  - [A study of the effect of the Hungarian preparation nalorphin in surgically
      treated patients].

PMID- 13700777
TI  - [Experience with steroid anesthesia (Viadril)].

PMID- 13700779
TI  - [Relaxil G, a synthetic muscle relaxant and experience with its clinical use].

PMID- 13700778
TI  - [Experiences with fluothane].

PMID- 13700780
TI  - [On so-called hematuria during pregnancy].

PMID- 13700781
TI  - [Modification of the dynamic function of the heart by Rauwolfia alkaloids
      (rauwopur, rausedyl)].

PMID- 13700782
TI  - [Combined administration of gracidin and andaxin].

PMID- 13700783
TI  - Learning as a function of change of sensory stimulation: distributed vs. massed
      trials.

PMID- 13700784
TI  - [The functional therapy of fractures of the eminentia intercondyloidea of the
      tibia].

PMID- 13700785
TI  - [On congenital dislocation of the knee joint].

PMID- 13700786
TI  - [A simple accessory for the inward rotation of the lower extremity in continuous
      traction treatment of a femur neck fracture].

PMID- 13700787
TI  - [On the significance of compression stress in experimental induction of Perth
      like changes in the epiphysis of the femur head].

PMID- 13700788
TI  - Determination of dextrosulphenidol.

PMID- 13700789
TI  - The psychiatric team geared to intensive treatment.

PMID- 13700790
TI  - [Obstructive forms of ventricular neurocysticercosis].

PMID- 13700791
TI  - The vectorcardiogram in normal young adults. Frank lead system.

PMID- 13700792
TI  - [Comparative studies on the allergic reactions of the skin and mucus membranes].

PMID- 13700793
TI  - [Histofunctional evaluation of some enzyme activities of the ovarian follicle].

PMID- 13700795
TI  - Corneal grafts in middle ear surgery. A preliminary report.

PMID- 13700794
TI  - Experimental Shigella infections. V. Studies in germ-free guinea pigs.
AB  - Formal, Samuel B., (Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, D. C.),
      Gustave Dammin, Helmuth Sprinz, Donald Kundel, Herman Schneider, Richard E.
      Horowitz, and Martin Forbes. Experimental shigella infections. V. Studies in germ
      free guinea pigs. J. Bacteriol. 82:284-287. 1961.-Germ-free guinea pigs succumb
      after oral infection with Shigella flexneri serotype 2a; they survive a similar
      challenge with either a strain of Escherichia coli or a culture of lactobacillus.
      Animals monocontaminated with E. coli survive, whereas those monocontaminated
      with lactobacilli succumb to subsequent challenge with dysentery bacilli. Prior
      subcutaneous inoculation of heat-killed S. flexneri 2a does not render germ-free
      guinea pigs resistant to the fatal infection with viable dysentery bacilli.

PMID- 13700796
TI  - A current bibliography on allergy and applied immunology. IV.

PMID- 13700797
TI  - A current bibliography on allergy and applied immunology. IV.

PMID- 13700798
TI  - A current bibliography on allergy and applied immunology. IV.

PMID- 13700799
TI  - A current bibliography on allergy and applied immunology. IV.

PMID- 13700800
TI  - A current bibliography on allergy and applied immunology.

PMID- 13700801
TI  - A current bibliography on allergy and applied immunology. Series IV.

PMID- 13700803
TI  - [Intracardiac catheterization by a venous route].

PMID- 13700802
TI  - A current bibliography on allergy and applied immunology. Series IV.

PMID- 13700804
TI  - [Thrombophlebitis and arteritis in the pathology of Behcet's syndrome].

PMID- 13700805
TI  - [On the effects of trihydroxy-ethylrutin on experimental edema of the rat leg].

PMID- 13700806
TI  - [Contribution to the pharmacopoeia. Proposed monograph on Matricaria chamomilla].

PMID- 13700807
TI  - [On the pathogenesis of polycythemia].

PMID- 13700808
TI  - [Treatment of acquired hemolytic anemia with 5-iodosalicylnatrium].

PMID- 13700809
TI  - [Behavior of various erythrocyte enzyme activities in 3 cases of non-spherocytic
      hereditary hemolytic anemia].

PMID- 13700810
TI  - Pneumonia in infants.

PMID- 13700811
TI  - [Considerations on the effects of some drugs in the neonatal period].

PMID- 13700813
TI  - [Pediatric premises to the study of lung diseases on the basis of malformations].

PMID- 13700812
TI  - [Panoramic view of Italian pediatric activity: the most recent Italian studies on
      pediatric pneumonology].

PMID- 13700814
TI  - [The indications for splenectomy in infancy].

PMID- 13700815
TI  - [The new sulfonamides in the treatment of infectious diseases of childhood].

PMID- 13700816
TI  - [The new sulfonamides in the treatment of infectious diseases of children].

PMID- 13700817
TI  - [The treatment of influenza-like diseases in childhood].

PMID- 13700818
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the chronology of blood stains].

PMID- 13700819
TI  - [Problems of early mental development].

PMID- 13700820
TI  - [Incapacity due to blindness and amblyopia. Its social importance. Its
      prevention].

PMID- 13700822
TI  - [On 2 cases of giant tumors of the neck].

PMID- 13700821
TI  - Effects of chlortetracycline and Candida krusei on embryonated eggs.

PMID- 13700823
TI  - [Cutaneous repair in traumatic lesions of the hand].

PMID- 13700824
TI  - [Treatment of fracture of the femur neck in the aged person].

PMID- 13700825
TI  - [Classification and anatomo-pathological aspects of the diskal hernia].

PMID- 13700826
TI  - [On electrophoretic fractionation of the serum proteins in patients subjected to
      surgery of the skeletal apparatus and treated with substances with vitamin P
      action].

PMID- 13700827
TI  - [On antibiotic interactions in vitro].

PMID- 13700828
TI  - [On experimental microascaridiosis. Note I. Behavior of infestation by larvae of
      Parascaris equorum].

PMID- 13700829
TI  - [The hypoprothrombinemic effect of 2 anticoagulants of the coumarin series in our
      milieu].

PMID- 13700830
TI  - Coexistence of two types of congenital cerebral vascular disease.

PMID- 13700831
TI  - [Gas-containing biliary calculi].

PMID- 13700832
TI  - [Gas-containing gallstones].

PMID- 13700833
TI  - [On an unusual developmental anomaly on the inferior articular process of the
      lumbar spine based on 2 cases].

PMID- 13700834
TI  - Psychosomatic compliance in an infant.

PMID- 13700835
TI  - The placebo in modern medicine.

PMID- 13700836
TI  - The diagnosis of gastric cancer.

PMID- 13700837
TI  - Association between muscular tension and work output.

PMID- 13700838
TI  - 2,4-Dihydroxypteridine as an intermediate in the enzymically catalyzed oxidation
      of 4-hydroxypteridine.

PMID- 13700839
TI  - Urine color test for the detection of phenothiazine compounds.

PMID- 13700840
TI  - Epileptics need not apply.

PMID- 13700841
TI  - Prediction of oesophageal temperature in hypothermia. Preliminary communication.

PMID- 13700842
TI  - Localized pulmonary mycosis. A problem of diagnosis. (Report of 4 cases treated
      by resection).

PMID- 13700843
TI  - Differential diagnosis of candidiasis and aspergillosis.

PMID- 13700844
TI  - [Commentary on the changes in the pharmacopoeia as of 1 April 1961].

PMID- 13700845
TI  - Ameloblastic odontoma. Report of a case.

PMID- 13700846
TI  - On the development of the cloaca and the perineum and the formation of the
      urethral plate in female rat embryos.

PMID- 13700847
TI  - On the development of the hamster vagina.

PMID- 13700848
TI  - [Sex chromatin. A review of literature].

PMID- 13700849
TI  - Faculty comments on the dental school library.

PMID- 13700850
TI  - The surgeon, United States Army, 1961.

PMID- 13700851
TI  - Determination of arginase in serum.

PMID- 13700852
TI  - Rapid determination of urea.

PMID- 13700854
TI  - Stomatitis nicotina.

PMID- 13700853
TI  - Prophylaxis against staphylococcal infection among nurses in a general hospital.

PMID- 13700855
TI  - [Liver rhythm and treatment of diabetes mellitus and achylia in pulmonary
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 13700856
TI  - [Pulmonary consumption, obesity, arteriosclerosis and oral treatment of diabetes
      mellitus].

PMID- 13700857
TI  - Experience of a neonatal surgical unit. The first six years.

PMID- 13700858
TI  - Prognosis for children undergoing operation during the first few weeks of life.

PMID- 13700859
TI  - Adrenocorticotropic activity of a synthetic nonadecapeptide (NDP) in man.

PMID- 13700860
TI  - Treatment of glaucoma associated with progressive essential iris atrophy and
      iridoschisis.

PMID- 13700861
TI  - Cholesterol-crystals in the anterior chamber. A clinical and chemical study of 7
      cases.

PMID- 13700862
TI  - Lipid keratopathy. A clinical and serum lipid chemical study of sixteen cases.

PMID- 13700863
TI  - Early blood leucocyte changes in mice and guinea pigs following x-irradiation and
      stress caused by operative manipulations.

PMID- 13700864
TI  - The radiation sensitivity of Phycomyces. Interaction of visible light and
      ionizing radiation.

PMID- 13700865
TI  - Wound healing. A study on postoperative separation of the fascial edges in upper
      abdominal incisions.

PMID- 13700866
TI  - Reproduction in mongolism. Chromosome studies and re-examination of a child.

PMID- 13700867
TI  - [New experiences on the etiology of mongolism].

PMID- 13700868
TI  - Study of consanguinity in twenty-one cases of Hand-Schueller-Christian disease
      (systemic reticuloendothelial granuloma).

PMID- 13700870
TI  - Distribution of financial responsibility.

PMID- 13700869
TI  - Occupational health. Recent trends and future problems.

PMID- 13700871
TI  - Consultation and mental health programs.

PMID- 13700872
TI  - Problems in relating community programs to state hospitals.

PMID- 13700873
TI  - [Studies on postmortem behavior of diphosphopyridine nucleotide].

PMID- 13700874
TI  - [Post-traumatic pulmonary hematoma].

PMID- 13700875
TI  - [Critical study of the treatment of fractures of the calcaneum. Apropos of 98
      cases].

PMID- 13700876
TI  - [Vascular accidents in lung resection; apropos of the report of M. Jean Baumann].

PMID- 13700877
TI  - [Radiocinematographic study of the new stomach formed from the intestine after
      total gastrectomy].

PMID- 13700878
TI  - [The evolution of the indications for thoracoplasty in pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13700879
TI  - An unusual false-positive response to the azuresin test.

PMID- 13700880
TI  - [On the demonstration of Salmonella in food].

PMID- 13700881
TI  - [Considerations on a method for the determination of phenols in urine by means of
      a dibromoquinone chloroimide].

PMID- 13700882
TI  - Reading epilepsy.

PMID- 13700883
TI  - Nonlinear property of the visual system at fusion.
AB  - The response of the visual system to intermittent stimulation at rates above the
      fusion point is generally considered to be independent of frequency, that is,
      linear with respect to time-average luminance. However, trains of 1000 light
      pulses per second alternated successively with trains of 500 light pulses per
      second may be perceived as flickering even though the time-average luminance is
      the same in each train.

PMID- 13700884
TI  - Practical difficulties in the treatment of schistosomiasis in an Arab community.
      II.

PMID- 13700885
TI  - Measuring a town's health--II.

PMID- 13700886
TI  - Neck injuries in children.

PMID- 13700887
TI  - Cineangiocardiography in the study of congenital heart disease.

PMID- 13700888
TI  - The role of exercise tests in the diagnosis of coronary artery insufficiency.
      Pulmonary and cardiac response to a treadmill work capacity test applicable to
      patients convalescing from acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 13700889
TI  - Practical limitations of the Kety method for determining coronary blood flow by
      infrared analysis of blood nitrous oxide.

PMID- 13700890
TI  - Effects of hypertensin on arterial pressure, heart work and cardiac oxygen
      utilization.

PMID- 13700891
TI  - Measurement of coronary blood flow using radioactive iodine compared with nitrous
      oxide.

PMID- 13700892
TI  - Coronary blood flow and cardiac oxygen metabolism during nicotine-induced
      increases in left ventricular work.

PMID- 13700893
TI  - Cytochemical demonstration of some enzyme systems in HeLa cells.

PMID- 13700894
TI  - A HeLa cell clonal line lacking alkaline phosphatase activity.

PMID- 13700895
TI  - [Histochemical demonstration of the hemosiderin in the external bone marrow in
      various hemopathies].

PMID- 13700896
TI  - [The histochemical demonstration of succinic dehydrogenase by means of the new p
      nitrophenyl-substituted salt of ditetrazolium (nitro-BT)].

PMID- 13700897
TI  - [Value of the megakaryocytic glucogen content in megakaryocytosis of the bone
      marrow].

PMID- 13700898
TI  - [The test of heparin tolerance "in vitro"].

PMID- 13700899
TI  - [The alkaline phosphatases of neutrophil polynuclear leukocytes in normal and
      pathological cases, with special reference to chronic myeloid leukemia].

PMID- 13700900
TI  - [Ganser's syndrome].

PMID- 13700901
TI  - [Conttribution to the knowledge of notochord neoplasms].

PMID- 13700902
TI  - ["Neonatal listeriosis" (Casuistic and anatomopathological contribution)].

PMID- 13700903
TI  - [Benign lymphagioendothelioma of the epididymis].

PMID- 13700904
TI  - [Contribution to the knowledge of vascular malformations of the brain].

PMID- 13700905
TI  - [Endothelial lining of Botallo's duct during the process of obliteration].

PMID- 13700906
TI  - Inactivation by light of the phosphorylative activity of chloroplasts.

PMID- 13700907
TI  - Partial purification of a pyrophosphatase from spinach leaves.

PMID- 13700908
TI  - Use of intramuscular chymotrypsin in controlling tissue reaction following
      strabismus surgery. A preliminary study.

PMID- 13700909
TI  - Arterial necrosis following Wertheim operation.

PMID- 13700910
TI  - [Interscapulo-thoracic amputation. Presentation of 2 cases].

PMID- 13700911
TI  - ["Blue Cross" health insurance plan].

PMID- 13700912
TI  - [Radiological diagnosis o intrapulmonary round shadows].

PMID- 13700914
TI  - [Gastroenterology and psychosomatic medicine].

PMID- 13700913
TI  - Remote control general anaesthesia and bronchographic technique in infants and
      children.

PMID- 13700915
TI  - [The surgical treatment of angina pectoris].

PMID- 13700916
TI  - [Effective treatment of Trichomonas vaginitis by metronidazole].

PMID- 13700917
TI  - [Incompetence of the cervix as a factor in abortion].

PMID- 13700918
TI  - The time of metastatic spread.

PMID- 13700919
TI  - Implantation of gastric cancer in abdominal wounds.

PMID- 13700920
TI  - Carcinoma of the gallbladder in dogs.

PMID- 13700921
TI  - Transplantable tumors of the Syrian (golden) hamster. II. Tumors of the
      hematopoietic tissues, genitourinary organs, mammary glands and sarcomas.

PMID- 13700922
TI  - Transplantable tumors of the Syrian (golden) hamster. I. Tumors of the alimentary
      tract, endocrine glands and melanomas.

PMID- 13700923
TI  - Factors in the treatment of melanoma.

PMID- 13700924
TI  - Light and vision.

PMID- 13700925
TI  - [Anesthesia in open-heart surgery].

PMID- 13700926
TI  - [Behavior of blood cholesterin in patients with myofibroma of the uterus before
      and after salso-bromoioidic balneotherapy].

PMID- 13700927
TI  - [Behavior of the rheumatoid factor (R. F.) in chronic forms of articular
      rheumatism before and after treatment with iodine salts].

PMID- 13700928
TI  - [On absorption through the skin and mucosa of estrogenic substances contained in
      salso-bromo-iodic muds and waters].

PMID- 13700929
TI  - [Research on nasal carriers of coagulase-positive staphylococci among nursing
      personnel of the Reale Casa Santa dell'Annunziata. Study of bacterial strains
      isolated by means of antibiogram and phage typing].

PMID- 13700930
TI  - [Antibiotic activity of spiramycin-tetracycline and spiramycin-chloramphenicol
      mixtures on 100 strains of Micrococcus pyogenes].

PMID- 13700931
TI  - [On the bacteriological control of the water of a city swimming pool].

PMID- 13700932
TI  - [Present aspects of the relation between Streptococcus and rheumatic fever].

PMID- 13700933
TI  - Chlorothiazide and related compounds in the treatment of hypertension.

PMID- 13700934
TI  - Industry looks at the Food Additives Amendment.

PMID- 13700935
TI  - [On the surgical treatment of vesical papillomatosis. Experimental study on a
      technic of total removal of the vesical mucosa].

PMID- 13700936
TI  - [Sensitivity of pathogenic microorganisms to antibiotics].

PMID- 13700937
TI  - Topographical relations in the telencephalon of the sunfish, Eupomotis gibbosus.

PMID- 13700938
TI  - [Eosinophilic granuloma of the stomach].

PMID- 13700939
TI  - [The significance of the Hoffstaetter-Cullen-Hellendall sign and so-called
      transferred pain for the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy].

PMID- 13700940
TI  - Experimental suture of tendon to bone.

PMID- 13700941
TI  - [The circulatory capacity of the lower extremities determined by the Kety and
      Schmidt method with nitrous oxide. Preliminary note].

PMID- 13700942
TI  - Pyridoxine in the treatment of herpes gestationis.

PMID- 13700943
TI  - Clinical experience with norethisterone and norethisterone acetate.

PMID- 13700944
TI  - Intersex states.

PMID- 13700945
TI  - Configurational transition in lysozyme.

PMID- 13700946
TI  - Hydrophobic bonding and conformational transitions in lysozyme, ribonuclease and
      chymotrypsin.

PMID- 13700947
TI  - Erythema elevatum diutinum.

PMID- 13700948
TI  - [Automatic counting of blood platelets].

PMID- 13700949
TI  - [Automation in hospital laboratories].

PMID- 13700951
TI  - [Fundamental protection criteria for laboratories intended for medico-biological
      use of radionuclides].

PMID- 13700950
TI  - [Tobacco smoke and pulmonary tumors].

PMID- 13700952
TI  - Protection rules against ionizing radiation in Italy.

PMID- 13700953
TI  - [Treatment of melanic lesions].

PMID- 13700954
TI  - [A case of association of zona ophthalmica and varicella in a 9-year-old boy].

PMID- 13700955
TI  - [A new test for exploration of the pituitary gland: the metopyrone or SU 4885
      test].

PMID- 13700956
TI  - [On the cerebral pathological anatomy of 7 cases of encephalitic parkinsonism].

PMID- 13700957
TI  - The Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.

PMID- 13700958
TI  - Pierre Robin syndrome.

PMID- 13700959
TI  - A comparative study of reduced di- and triphosphopyridine nucleotides in the
      intact cell.

PMID- 13700960
TI  - Localized mesotheliomas of the pleura. The pathologic evaluation of 18 cases.

PMID- 13700961
TI  - Public health and behavioral science: the problems of teamwork.

PMID- 13700962
TI  - The neurocytology of experimental ascending tetanus.

PMID- 13700964
TI  - Clinical trials of a new advance in cataract surgery.

PMID- 13700963
TI  - Multiple sclerosis. A trial of treatment with tolbutamide.

PMID- 13700965
TI  - Hydrogen reduction of carbon dioxide to elementary carbon.

PMID- 13700966
TI  - Pulmonary resection in infancy and childhood.

PMID- 13700968
TI  - Experimental appraisal of a new angiographic contrast medium.

PMID- 13700967
TI  - Pulmonary resection in the treatment of tuberculosis.

PMID- 13700969
TI  - Portal hypertension secondary to an hepato-portal arteriovenous fistula.

PMID- 13700970
TI  - An experimental study of thoracic transposition of the spleen: a method of portal
      decompression.

PMID- 13700971
TI  - Acceptance service keeps food standards high.

PMID- 13700972
TI  - A view of microbiological science in Japan.

PMID- 13700973
TI  - Relation between the colligative properties and chemical composition of sweat.

PMID- 13700974
TI  - The purification and properties of a factor containing vitamin B12 concerned in
      the synthesis of methionine by Escherichia coli.

PMID- 13700975
TI  - Specificity of alpha-chymotrypsin. I. Promotion of the solvolysis of acetyl alpha
      chymotrypsin by indole.

PMID- 13700976
TI  - Experimental staphylococcal infections in man.

PMID- 13700977
TI  - The detection of an outbreak of staphylococcal infection of perineal tears by
      routine phage typing.

PMID- 13700979
TI  - [On 2 malignant plexus papilloma].

PMID- 13700978
TI  - [Neurosecretion-like inclusions in 2 gangliocytomas].

PMID- 13700981
TI  - [On the histochemistry of Rosenthal's fiber].

PMID- 13700982
TI  - On a new species of Oxysomatium Railliet and Henry, 1913 and some notes on the
      genera Oxys omatium and Aplectana.

PMID- 13700980
TI  - [On the genesis of form in keratin formation in craniopharyngioma (Erdheim
      tumor)].

PMID- 13700983
TI  - An investigation of the possible precursors of urinary pregnanetriol.

PMID- 13700984
TI  - Biologic warfare and its effects on foods.

PMID- 13700985
TI  - This is the biological warfare threat.

PMID- 13700986
TI  - The place of the ventouse (vacuum extractor) in domiciliary practice.

PMID- 13700987
TI  - [Influence of d-tubocurarine on the modifications in the peripheral circulation
      during surgical intervention].

PMID- 13700988
TI  - [Influence of curare on the circulatory reactions to anoxia].

PMID- 13700989
TI  - [Hemianeurin: its use as an anesthetic in surgery].

PMID- 13700990
TI  - [Use of prochlorpemazine in surgical patients].

PMID- 13700991
TI  - [Roentgen therapy in chronic suppurative otitis media].

PMID- 13700992
TI  - Synergism between acetylcholine and histamine. Multivalent receptive substances
      in cells of end organs: a theory. (Preliminary note).

PMID- 13700993
TI  - Herniation of the ureter. A review and report of a case.

PMID- 13700994
TI  - [A clinical and histological contribution to ocular muscular dystrophy].

PMID- 13700995
TI  - [Acquired toxoplasmosis].

PMID- 13700996
TI  - [Apropos of the operative difficulty of the tails of retractile turbinate bones].

PMID- 13700997
TI  - [Immuno-electrophoretic study of the blood of premature infants].

PMID- 13700998
TI  - [The choice of occupation in injured persons and particularly in those with
      amputations of the extremities].

PMID- 13701000
TI  - Schizophrenia and the family. A survey of the literature 1956-1960 on the
      etiology of schizophrenia.

PMID- 13700999
TI  - [The splenomegaly-macroglobulinemia syndrome in tropical pathology. First case in
      Madagascar].

PMID- 13701001
TI  - [Health education and antipoliomyelitic vaccination in Gard].

PMID- 13701002
TI  - [Amniotic fluid embolism with subsequent afibrinogenemia in normal labor].

PMID- 13701003
TI  - [The psychoanaleptic action of Disipal in the neuroleptic syndrome and in senile
      depression].

PMID- 13701004
TI  - Psychotic depression and age.

PMID- 13701005
TI  - Scatter of tapping among mental patients.

PMID- 13701006
TI  - Progression and carcinogenesis.

PMID- 13701007
TI  - The uptake of monocarboxylic acids by rat diaphragm.

PMID- 13701008
TI  - British Columbia Mental Health Services: historical perspective to 1961.

PMID- 13701009
TI  - Group processes and the individual in the therapeutic group.

PMID- 13701010
TI  - Psychotherapy 1961.

PMID- 13701012
TI  - [Theoretical and practical bases of psychoanalytic group psychotherapy].

PMID- 13701011
TI  - The application of group concepts to the treatment of the individual in the
      group.

PMID- 13701013
TI  - Emergency care in a physical therapy section.

PMID- 13701014
TI  - Osteoid osteoma of the cervical spine. A review and case report.

PMID- 13701015
TI  - [A delayed-action corticoid: 6-methylprednisolone acetate. Practical importance.
      Prospects of use].

PMID- 13701016
TI  - [Treatment of tuberculous primary infection].

PMID- 13701017
TI  - [Closure of a 5-year old tuberculous cavity following 3 intrabronchial controlled
      injections of hydrocortancyl].

PMID- 13701018
TI  - [Endoscopic diagnosis of esophageal varices].

PMID- 13701019
TI  - ["Part-time teaching and athletics" and "snow school" for students of the village
      of Eure-et-Loir].

PMID- 13701021
TI  - [When should the BCG vaccination be employed during the year? Are there times to
      advise for or against it? Answers to requests for an explanation].

PMID- 13701020
TI  - [Apropos of a case of Bazin's indurated erythema (or so-called) observed after
      B.C.G. vaccination].

PMID- 13701022
TI  - Nephrocalcinosis in the rat: effect of injecting chondroitin sulphate.

PMID- 13701023
TI  - [Kidney and potassium].

PMID- 13701024
TI  - [The deficiency of potassium].

PMID- 13701025
TI  - [Electrocortical responses of the rabbit reared in darkness].

PMID- 13701026
TI  - [Preliminary note on the use of a new iproniazid derivative, Ro 5-0831 in
      depressive states].

PMID- 13701027
TI  - [Placenta accreta praevia].

PMID- 13701029
TI  - [Congenital non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia. Apropos of 2 familial cases].

PMID- 13701028
TI  - [Incidences of the technic on the possible complications of arthrography of the
      knee (apropos of 664 cases)].

PMID- 13701030
TI  - [Morgagni-Morel syndrome in a young man].

PMID- 13701031
TI  - [Duodenal stasis].

PMID- 13701032
TI  - [Bone images of therapeutic hypercortisonism].

PMID- 13701033
TI  - [Gas embolism and retropneumoperitoneum].

PMID- 13701034
TI  - [Glucose exchange at the level of the brain under the effect of heavy doses of
      alcohol. I. Initial variations].

PMID- 13701035
TI  - [A zoonosis gaining ground: melioidosis].

PMID- 13701036
TI  - [Significance and possibilities of audiometry].

PMID- 13701037
TI  - [Considerations on fatal accidents in the course of diving with a diving-suit].

PMID- 13701038
TI  - [Drowning during free diving or during use of a diving suit].

PMID- 13701039
TI  - [Multiple and coexistent cancers in the same individual].

PMID- 13701040
TI  - [Relation between the transformation of 2-C-14-labeled sodium acetate into cis
      polyisoprene and the presence of malonic acid].

PMID- 13701041
TI  - [Influence of various glucides on the development of the mouse digestive tube].

PMID- 13701042
TI  - [Hematopoietic effects of ingestion of lactose during the development of rickets
      in the rat].

PMID- 13701043
TI  - [Study, on the rat, of the hemolytic effects of lactose: hyperbilirubinemia and
      increase in the iron content of the spleen].

PMID- 13701044
TI  - [Variations of the number of erythrocytes in the course of reticulocytal crises
      of the rat after the ingestion of lactose].

PMID- 13701046
TI  - [Courses for graduate physicians].

PMID- 13701045
TI  - [Parietal fibroplastic endocarditis and filariasis. Clinical, hemodynamic and
      anatomical study].

PMID- 13701047
TI  - [A quarter of a century in the Mexican medical periodical field].

PMID- 13701049
TI  - [Some results of the treatment of depressive states by a monoamine oxidase
      inhibiting hydrazide, nialamide].

PMID- 13701050
TI  - [Apropos of Fluothane anesthesia in the child and infant].

PMID- 13701048
TI  - [The great Mexican teachers of clinical medicine].

PMID- 13701051
TI  - [A case of congenital elevation of the scapula].

PMID- 13701052
TI  - [Craniocerebral injuries in the child].

PMID- 13701053
TI  - [Apropos of 2 cases of enteric cysts in children].

PMID- 13701054
TI  - [Secondary development of an epiphysiolysis of the hip after surgical operation].

PMID- 13701055
TI  - [The syndrome of recurrent lumbalgia].

PMID- 13701056
TI  - [Apropos of cataclysmic hematemesis in alcoholics. Problems of hemostasis and
      complications characteristic of alcoholism].

PMID- 13701057
TI  - Neck-face syndrome, A report of severe reactions to phenothiazine drugs in four
      patients.

PMID- 13701058
TI  - The metabolism of drugs by regenerating liver.

PMID- 13701059
TI  - [Fibroma of the stomach].

PMID- 13701060
TI  - [Complications of uterine fibromyomas].

PMID- 13701061
TI  - Acetyl L-isoleucine and acetyl L-leucine as extracellular products of
      Mycobacterium ranae.

PMID- 13701062
TI  - The calcium fractions of plasma in hypercalcaemic conditions and in adult coeliac
      disease.

PMID- 13701063
TI  - Malignant thyroid disease. Five-and ten-year survival rates.

PMID- 13701064
TI  - Preoperative and postoperative complications in patients with disease of the
      thyroid.

PMID- 13701065
TI  - Primary cysts and tumors of the small bowel mesenterv.

PMID- 13701066
TI  - The changing incidence and treatment of thyroid disease.

PMID- 13701067
TI  - Hearing impairment in a medical center population.

PMID- 13701068
TI  - Intra-venule phenomena.

PMID- 13701069
TI  - Variations in the temporal bone course of the facial nerve.

PMID- 13701070
TI  - [Anomalies of the course of the facial nerve in the temporal bone].

PMID- 13701072
TI  - A method for orienting paraffin sections for three-dimensional reconstructions.

PMID- 13701071
TI  - Variation in incentive stimulus and sexual behavior in the male rat.

PMID- 13701073
TI  - Reconstitution of the electron transport system. III. Reconstitution of DPNH
      oxidase, succinic oxidase, and DPNH, succinic oxidase.

PMID- 13701074
TI  - Histiocytic medullary reticulosis in a child.

PMID- 13701075
TI  - Potentiation of smooth muscle contraction by adrenal steroids.

PMID- 13701076
TI  - Primary myocardial disease.

PMID- 13701077
TI  - Some circulatory effects of experimental hypovolemic anemia.

PMID- 13701078
TI  - Adrenal medullary secretion during hypoxia, bleeding, and rapid intravenous
      infusion.

PMID- 13701079
TI  - The possibility of therapeutic applications of beams of negative pi-mesons.

PMID- 13701080
TI  - Homotransplantation immunity in relation to inborn immunological defects.

PMID- 13701081
TI  - Cat scratch disease in childhood.

PMID- 13701082
TI  - Convulsions and papilledema in a child with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism.

PMID- 13701083
TI  - Retrosternal placement of colon for esophageal substitute.

PMID- 13701084
TI  - Home evaluation procedure.

PMID- 13701085
TI  - Adaptation to Marie-Strumpell arthritis.

PMID- 13701086
TI  - Active transport of C14-D-glucose by turtle small intestine.

PMID- 13701088
TI  - Surgery in the Congo.

PMID- 13701087
TI  - The investigation of the effects of psychiatric treatment.

PMID- 13701090
TI  - Perspectives in marine biochemistry.

PMID- 13701089
TI  - Response to fluid therapy and tissue electroyte changes in scalded and flash
      burned monkeys.

PMID- 13701091
TI  - Successful streptomycin treatment of red-leg disease in toads.

PMID- 13701092
TI  - Effects of trypsin on the permeability of streptococci.

PMID- 13701093
TI  - Peptide requirements for the synthesis of streptococcal proteins.

PMID- 13701094
TI  - Protein degradation in Escherichia coli in the logarithmic phase of growth.

PMID- 13701095
TI  - Internal factors influencing normal and compensatory growth of the axolotl
      pronephros.

PMID- 13701096
TI  - Adrenal steroid excretion patterns in eighteen healthy subjects, tentative
      correlations with personality structure.

PMID- 13701097
TI  - Multi-resistant Aedes aegypti in Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands.
AB  - The Isla Verde, Puerto Rico, laboratory colony, highly resistant to DDT and
      dieldrin in 1959, became even more so by 1960; resistance to organic phosphates
      was also greater than before. In laboratory tests Bayer 29493 was best for
      killing resistant larvae and adults. It is improved with piperonyl butoxide at
      the ratio of 10:1.

PMID- 13701098
TI  - Rat ectoparasite surveys in relation to murine typhus fever in Puerto Rico.

PMID- 13701099
TI  - Resistance of Aedes aegypti to certain chlorinated hydrocarbon and
      organophosphorus insecticides in Puerto Rico.
AB  - Failure to control Aedes aegypti in Puerto Rico has suggested resistance to the
      insecticides, particularly DDT. A laboratory colony (named Isla Verde strain) was
      established from material obtained near the International Airport. This strain
      proved highly resistant to DDT and dieldrin as well as various other
      insecticides. The scientific and practical significance of this is far-reaching.
      Heretofore, it was thought that populations of Aedes aegypti could be resistant
      to the DDT group of insecticides or to the dieldrin group but not to both, and
      that one type of resistance involved biochemical, toxicological and genetic
      characteristics different from the other. This theory must now be modified or
      even abandoned. From the practical point of view, it is clear that the continued
      use of DDT or dieldrin for Aedes aegypti control in Puerto Rico is questionable,
      for it is not wise to attempt to overcome high resistance by increasing the
      concentration or rate of application. Further, the situation demonstrated for
      Puerto Rico may also obtain in other islands of the Caribbean where Aedes aegypti
      is known to be DDT-resistant.

PMID- 13701100
TI  - Indocyanine green: physical and physiologic properties.

PMID- 13701101
TI  - Water resources of the world.

PMID- 13701102
TI  - An overview of alcoholism research.

PMID- 13701103
TI  - The foreign-trained intern in the emergency room.

PMID- 13701104
TI  - Infectious asthma treated with triacetyloleandomycin.

PMID- 13701105
TI  - Treatment of ringworm of the scalp with griseofulvin.

PMID- 13701106
TI  - Eczematous contact-sensitivity to gold.

PMID- 13701108
TI  - A stent for periodontal surgical procedures.

PMID- 13701107
TI  - [Immunization of man against typhus epidemics by injections of avirulent
      Rickettsia prowazeki (CEPAE). Brief analysis with observations during a period of
      3 years and averages as to the occurrence of typhus between vaccinated
      individuals and the control population in the zone on the Andes Peruanos.
      (Distrito de Ilave, Departamento de Puno)].

PMID- 13701110
TI  - Actions of estrogens on blood and bone marrow.

PMID- 13701111
TI  - Brachial plexus anaesthesia-an aid to the casualty surgeon. Description and
      results of 252 cases.

PMID- 13701109
TI  - Separation of lipid-shifting and other properties of estrogens.

PMID- 13701112
TI  - Periodic fever with renal amyloidosis.

PMID- 13701113
TI  - The association of stones in the upper urinary tract with prostatic calculi.

PMID- 13701115
TI  - Vitamin B12 activity of 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazolylcobamide coenzyme for the
      chick.

PMID- 13701116
TI  - Fate of transforming deoxyribonucleate following fixation by transformable
      bacteria.

PMID- 13701114
TI  - Salt mixtures for purified-type diets. III. An improved salt mixtures for chicks.

PMID- 13701118
TI  - Road accidents.

PMID- 13701117
TI  - The large posterior gastric ulcer: benign or malignant?

PMID- 13701119
TI  - The effects of reinforcement scheduling on the strength of a secondary
      reinforcer.

PMID- 13701121
TI  - Local cooling in man.

PMID- 13701120
TI  - Bradykinin as a vasodilator in man.

PMID- 13701122
TI  - Basic techniques of lid surgery: their origins and their apocrypha.

PMID- 13701123
TI  - Lid halving with variations.

PMID- 13701124
TI  - Postoperative complications of levator surgery.

PMID- 13701125
TI  - Senile entropion. A modified operative technic.

PMID- 13701126
TI  - Use and misuse of irradiation in lid malignancies.

PMID- 13701127
TI  - Leiomyomatosis cutis.

PMID- 13701128
TI  - Synthesis of uracil under conditions of a thermal model of prebiological
      chemistry.
AB  - Uracil has been formed under thermal conditions which yield other materials of
      theoretical prebiochemical significance. The chemical evidence for the identity
      of uracil rests on chromatography, spectrography, color tests, and melting points
      and analyses of isolated material. The place of uracil in a scheme of biochemical
      origins, including carbon dioxide as an intermediate, is discussed.

PMID- 13701130
TI  - Clinic for alcoholics.

PMID- 13701129
TI  - The ethics of clinical trials.

PMID- 13701131
TI  - Electrophoretic studies of blood proteins of two species of toads and their
      natural hybrid.

PMID- 13701132
TI  - Pure red-cell aplasia in marasmus and kwashiorkor treated with riboflavine.

PMID- 13701133
TI  - Report on incidence, aetiology, treatment and prophylaxis of the anaemias in the
      Seychelles: a study in iron-deficiency anaemias and ancylostomiasis in the
      tropics.

PMID- 13701134
TI  - The relation of hookworm loads and species to intestinal blood loss and the
      genesis of iron deficiency naemia.

PMID- 13701135
TI  - 5-Hydroxytryptamine in pineapples.

PMID- 13701136
TI  - Estimation of total body water (virtual tritium space) in the rat, cat, rabbit,
      guinea-pig and man, and of the biological half-life of tritium in man.

PMID- 13701137
TI  - Massive and prolonged administration of iron-dextran complex.

PMID- 13701138
TI  - The potentiation of radiation effects with 5-fluoro-uracil.
AB  - A preliminary study of the response of various inoperable malignant diseases to
      simultaneously administered 5-fluoro-uracil and orthovolt x-ray was performed.
      The 5-fluoro-uracil was given intravenously at a relatively nontoxic dosage
      level. The x-ray tumor dose was limited to 2,000 roentgens in every patient.
      Pronounced and rapid tumor regression occurred in 12 of 18 evaluable patients.
      Significant objective response was obtained in each of eight patients with
      epidermoid carcinoma of the lung. Toxicity occurred in half of the patients,
      manifested by pharyngitis, esophagitis, proctitis, leukopenia and
      thrombocytopenia.

PMID- 13701139
TI  - Chelation of beta-phenethylbiguanide and other biguanides with copper ion.

PMID- 13701140
TI  - Role of metal-binding in the biological activities of drugs.

PMID- 13701141
TI  - Radiogram for determination of cardiac output. Comparison with Evans blue dye
      dilution method.

PMID- 13701142
TI  - Myocardial injury in burn shock.

PMID- 13701143
TI  - Computation of motion at the cricoarytenoid joint.

PMID- 13701144
TI  - [Prophylactic services against quarantine disease and services of medico-social
      welfare for seamen in Scandinavin countries].

PMID- 13701145
TI  - Testicular germinal dysgenesis (male Turner's syndrome). Report of a case with
      chromosomal studies and review of the literature.

PMID- 13701146
TI  - A child with 49 chromosomes.

PMID- 13701148
TI  - [Behavior of water-salt exchange in environmental hyperthermia].

PMID- 13701147
TI  - Granulosa-theca-cell tumor associated with endometrial carcinoma. A case report.

PMID- 13701149
TI  - [On the sirocco syndrome. Behavior of blood crasis and coagulative activity].

PMID- 13701150
TI  - [Heart diseases and pregnancy].

PMID- 13701151
TI  - The control of shikimic acid synthesis by tyrosine and phenylalamine.

PMID- 13701152
TI  - [On various trends in the search for protective compounds with the aid of model
      experiments].

PMID- 13701153
TI  - [Radiation cataract and its therapy].

PMID- 13701154
TI  - Purification of viral RNA by means of bentonite.

PMID- 13701155
TI  - Chemical modification of viral ribonucleic acid. I. Alkylating agents.

PMID- 13701156
TI  - Catheptic activity of leukocytes in normal and leukemic subjects.

PMID- 13701157
TI  - [Hypertrophy of Brunner's glands. Apropos of 2 clinicoradiological cases].

PMID- 13701158
TI  - [The Fraga technic for the determination of cholesterolemia].

PMID- 13701159
TI  - [Coronary angiography. Experiments on living dogs].

PMID- 13701161
TI  - [Potential dystocia].

PMID- 13701160
TI  - [Regression of a choriocarcinoma treated with folic acid antagonists].

PMID- 13701162
TI  - [Reflections and information on the new law for mandatory sickness insurance for
      farm operators].

PMID- 13701163
TI  - Congenital aortic regurgitation. Clinical and hemodynamic findings in four
      patients.

PMID- 13701164
TI  - [Contribution to combined ambulant treatment of hyperthyroidism with perchlorate
      and triiodothyronine].

PMID- 13701165
TI  - Physical, mental and emotional effects of librium in hospitalized psychotic
      patients.

PMID- 13701166
TI  - Preliminary report of Mellaril in epilepsy.

PMID- 13701167
TI  - Toxic epidermal necrolysis. The scalded skin syndrome.

PMID- 13701168
TI  - Report on a clinical trial with griseofulvin.

PMID- 13701169
TI  - [Toxic epidermal necrolysis].

PMID- 13701170
TI  - [Non-amebic abscess of the liver. (Apropos of 2 surgically treated cases)].

PMID- 13701171
TI  - [Digestive hemorrhages caused by alcoholic cirrhosis. Lesions of the stomach and
      of the esophagus. (Apropos of statistics of 50 cases, of which 14 were anatomo
      clinical)].

PMID- 13701172
TI  - [Paralysis with hypokaliemia caused by tubular nephritis].

PMID- 13701173
TI  - [Evolution of the comprehension capacity as a function of exposure time].

PMID- 13701174
TI  - [Observations on the metabolism of bromsulphalein in the body].

PMID- 13701175
TI  - [Silicate cement].

PMID- 13701176
TI  - The diagnosis of disease among the Subanum of Mindanao.

PMID- 13701177
TI  - Improving relations with the media of mass communication.

PMID- 13701178
TI  - Refractory rickets and osteomalacia.

PMID- 13701179
TI  - Myelomatosis with xanthomatosis.

PMID- 13701180
TI  - A behavioral disturbance index for psychiatric patient and ward disturbance.

PMID- 13701181
TI  - [Myocardial infarct in women (clinical considerations)].

PMID- 13701182
TI  - Elastic laminae and ground substance of arteriosclerotic aortas. An
      interferometric approach.

PMID- 13701183
TI  - Interferometric study of astrocytes in gliosis and astrocytoma.

PMID- 13701184
TI  - [Considerations on various serological and histochemical aspects of a case of
      Pfaundler-Hurler syndrome].

PMID- 13701185
TI  - Cricoid stenosis complicating tracheo-oesophageal fistula in the newborn.

PMID- 13701187
TI  - Two degrees above the equator.

PMID- 13701186
TI  - [Perceptual changes as a function of the object sense of content].

PMID- 13701188
TI  - [The cutaneous reaction to "Behcetin"].

PMID- 13701189
TI  - [Incontinentia pigmenti].

PMID- 13701190
TI  - [Enigmatic transmission of Leber's disease (juvenile atrophy of the optic
      nerve)].

PMID- 13701191
TI  - [Standardization of nystagmographic inscriptions. 1. Convention of the Geneva
      group of electronystagmography].

PMID- 13701192
TI  - [Primary band-shaped degeneration associated with posterior polymorphous
      dystrophy of the cornea].

PMID- 13701193
TI  - [On corneal dystrophy in genodermatoses with special reference to palmar and
      plantar keratosis. (Clinical, genetic and histological studies)].

PMID- 13701194
TI  - [Recent acquisitions concerning congenital disorders of color sense and their
      relations to chromosomal aberrations].

PMID- 13701195
TI  - [Value of the tsedek test in the study of the personality of mental patients].

PMID- 13701196
TI  - [Behavior in various organs of the chick embryo of Ca-45 introduced into the
      vitelline sac].

PMID- 13701197
TI  - [Behavior of Ca45, introduced into the vitelline sac, in various organs of the
      chick embryo].

PMID- 13701198
TI  - Below chance performance on a verbal test using paired concepts.

PMID- 13701199
TI  - [Comparative observations on the changes in the vaginal bacterial flora in
      pregnant women during topical treatment with various drugs].

PMID- 13701200
TI  - [Parachuting from the medical point of view].

PMID- 13701201
TI  - [Indications and means of imipramine therapy].

PMID- 13701202
TI  - [Side effects and hazards of imipramine therapy].

PMID- 13701203
TI  - [A case of cysticercosis with cerebral location].

PMID- 13701204
TI  - [Fissural dermoepidermoid cysts of the face].

PMID- 13701205
TI  - [Crampton test and the hydergine test in preoperative investigation. Comparative
      study].

PMID- 13701206
TI  - [On a case of empyema of the residual ureteral stump after nephrectomy and
      vesical diverticulosis].

PMID- 13701207
TI  - [Selective renal arteriography: histological modifications induced by intra
      arterial injection of contrast medium (hypaque) into the rabbit kidney].

PMID- 13701209
TI  - [Current aspects of staphylococcal septicopyemia. Considerations on the cases
      hospitalized at th Communicable Disease Clinic of Iasi between 1950 and 1959].

PMID- 13701208
TI  - [Therapy of carcinoma of the prostate with hexestrol diphosphate administered by
      rectal route].

PMID- 13701210
TI  - [Gastrointestinal melanotic tumor. Apropos of a new case].

PMID- 13701211
TI  - [Quantitative determination of isonicotinoyl hydrazones].

PMID- 13701212
TI  - [On a case of tuberculosis orginating in a fracture focus].

PMID- 13701213
TI  - [Effect of some phenylbutazone derivatives on various edematous reactions in the
      rat].

PMID- 13701214
TI  - [Value and significance of the first medical certificate of the work accident
      patient].

PMID- 13701215
TI  - [Value and significance of the first medical report concerning work accidents].

PMID- 13701216
TI  - [EEG examination in newborn infants with dystocic birth].

PMID- 13701217
TI  - [Study on the neuropsychic development of 3 cases of dyschondroplasia].

PMID- 13701218
TI  - [EEG in 2 cases of familial congenital myxedema].

PMID- 13701219
TI  - [Local hyperemia. Early sign of mastoid osteitis in infants].

PMID- 13701220
TI  - [Neurogliar heterotopia of the nasopharyngeal cavity in a 3-month-old girl].

PMID- 13701221
TI  - [Allergy and adenotonsillectomy].

PMID- 13701222
TI  - [Otological Proetz treatment].

PMID- 13701223
TI  - [Caplan's syndrome. (Considerations on 2 cases of atypical silicosis in
      rheumoarthritic subjects)].

PMID- 13701224
TI  - [Apropos of traumatic diaphragmatic hernias].

PMID- 13701225
TI  - [Porphyria and surgery].

PMID- 13701226
TI  - [Coxarthrosis following an accident].

PMID- 13701227
TI  - [Distortion of the foot].

PMID- 13701228
TI  - [Tendon grafts at the level of the lower extremities. Physiological
      considerations].

PMID- 13701229
TI  - [Variations in the action of the anterior tibial muscle and its clinical
      significance].

PMID- 13701230
TI  - [Considerations on the progress of antitubercular assistance, of insurance for
      tuberculous patients and organization and activities of the surgical department
      in social welfare sanatoria].

PMID- 13701231
TI  - An Rh-o (D) positive patient whose serum contains anti-Rh-o (D) antibodies.
      Family studies.

PMID- 13701232
TI  - Hemolytic disease of the newborn apparently caused by anti-Lu-a.

PMID- 13701233
TI  - Hypothermic facilitation of retrograde V-A conduction.

PMID- 13701234
TI  - Isotopes in immunology.

PMID- 13701235
TI  - A study of factors concerned with metastatic spread of the Walker 256 tumor in
      rat's hind limb.

PMID- 13701236
TI  - Idiopathic unilateral hyperlucent lung. Report of a case complicated by
      pneumonia.

PMID- 13701237
TI  - The effect of age on the susceptibility of guinea pigs to tuberculosis.

PMID- 13701238
TI  - Lymphangiosarcoma of the lower extremity involved with chronic lymphedema.

PMID- 13701239
TI  - Orientation for new staff nurses.

PMID- 13701240
TI  - Carcinoma of the bladder.

PMID- 13701241
TI  - Carcinoma of the bladder.

PMID- 13701242
TI  - Biological aspects of environment.

PMID- 13701243
TI  - Influenza in perspective.

PMID- 13701244
TI  - Dyspareunia following vaginal operations.

PMID- 13701245
TI  - The onset of stress incontinence.

PMID- 13701246
TI  - Choledochal cysts.

PMID- 13701247
TI  - Toxicology: a survey of one year's experiences.

PMID- 13701248
TI  - [Tumors of the prostate in the Congolese native].

PMID- 13701249
TI  - [Histo-autoradiographic study of desoxyribo-nucleic acids in compensatory
      hypertrophy of the kidney in the young white rat].

PMID- 13701250
TI  - [Study of the metabolism and synthesis of desoxyribonucleic acids in compensatory
      hypertrophy of the kidney in the young rat, by cytophotometry, karvometry and
      histoautoradiography].

PMID- 13701251
TI  - [How should the physician look at the food additive problem today?].

PMID- 13701252
TI  - [A new corticosteroid: dexamethasone].

PMID- 13701253
TI  - Vaginitis emphysematosa.

PMID- 13701254
TI  - [The chronic bacillary state, "Burnand's disease", as seen by a practitioner].

PMID- 13701255
TI  - Stimulation of turnip yellow mosaic virus protein production by 2-thiouracil.

PMID- 13701256
TI  - [Analysis of factors intervening in the changes in glucide assimilation following
      glucose ingestion].

PMID- 13701257
TI  - [Modifications of the systemic, splanchnic glycemias and the glucose turnover of
      the liver under the influence of glucose and insulin].

PMID- 13701258
TI  - [Pulmonary radiographical aspects in acute polytetraflouroethylene poisoning].

PMID- 13701259
TI  - [Sarcoidosis].

PMID- 13701260
TI  - [The angina and myocardial infarct of hypertensives].

PMID- 13701261
TI  - [Tuberculous infection of the patients in the Kinderspital Basel].

PMID- 13701262
TI  - Periodic health examinations: a long term study, 1949-1959.

PMID- 13701263
TI  - [Metabolism of plasma radioactive phosphorus in subjects with malignant tumors].

PMID- 13701264
TI  - Myocardial infarct-like lesions produced by histamine liberators in rats.
      Preliminary report.

PMID- 13701265
TI  - [Myocardial necrosis in subacute bacterial endocarditis].

PMID- 13701266
TI  - [Myocardial lesions produced by histamine liberators in rats. Histological and
      histochemical evolution].

PMID- 13701267
TI  - [Trial of soludecadron-neomycin cream in 37 patients].

PMID- 13701268
TI  - Stress induced stomach lesion as related to destruction of the sympathetic
      ganglia.

PMID- 13701269
TI  - [Herpetic disorders of the eye].

PMID- 13701270
TI  - [Electroretinographic response to coupled stimulations in normal subjects].

PMID- 13701271
TI  - [The electroretinographic response to paired stimulations in normal subjects].

PMID- 13701272
TI  - [The value of electroretinography in the diagnosis of blindness in the newborn
      infant].

PMID- 13701273
TI  - [Treatment of amblyopia ex anopsia].

PMID- 13701274
TI  - [Annular heredo-dystrophy of the corneal endothelium].

PMID- 13701275
TI  - [Visual prognosis in surgery for hypophyseal tumors].

PMID- 13701276
TI  - [The visual prognosis in operations for pituitary tumors].

PMID- 13701277
TI  - [Homolateral association of hydrophthalmia, plexiform neuroma of the upper eyelid
      and facial hemihypertrophy in Recklinghausen's disease].

PMID- 13701278
TI  - [Fuchs' heterochromia associated with chorioretinal heredo-degeneration].

PMID- 13701279
TI  - [Angiomatosis of the face, conjunctiva and retina].

PMID- 13701280
TI  - [The Louis-Bar "ataxia-telangiectasis" syndrome].

PMID- 13701281
TI  - [Hemangioma of the choroid].

PMID- 13701282
TI  - [A study of calcium in systemic elastorrhexia (Groenblad-Strandberg syndrome)].

PMID- 13701283
TI  - A fluorescent substance of low molecular weight in the lens of primates; method
      of isolation.

PMID- 13701284
TI  - [Fractionation of peptides and amino acids in bovine crystalline lens (with the
      aid of high-tension electrophoresis associated with paper chromatography)].

PMID- 13701285
TI  - [Isolation of a fluorescent substance of weak molecular weight in the crystalline
      of primates].

PMID- 13701286
TI  - [Glycoprotein of the corneal epithelium].

PMID- 13701287
TI  - [The glycoprotein of the corneal epithelium].

PMID- 13701288
TI  - Agar micro-electrophoresis of human tears.

PMID- 13701289
TI  - [Corneal dystrophy and paraproteinemia].

PMID- 13701291
TI  - [Comparative study of acquired dyschromatopsia associated with different types of
      heredo-familial optic atrophy].

PMID- 13701290
TI  - [Micro-electrophoresis on agar of normal and pathological aqueous humor].

PMID- 13701292
TI  - [Comparative study of acquired dyschromatopsia associated with different types of
      heredo-familial optic atrophy].

PMID- 13701293
TI  - Comparative study of the retinal histology and the electroretinogram in Amphibia
      and reptiles

PMID- 13701294
TI  - [Leber's hereditary atrophy of the optic nerve].

PMID- 13701296
TI  - [Statistical study of pigmented retinopathy].

PMID- 13701295
TI  - [Permanent homonymous quadrantanopsia due to ophthalmic migraine].

PMID- 13701297
TI  - Persistant hyperplastic primary vitreous.

PMID- 13701298
TI  - Syndromes with congenital cataract.

PMID- 13701299
TI  - The significance of electroretinography in the diagnosis of blindness of the
      newborn.

PMID- 13701301
TI  - [Muscle transplantation in the treatment of ocular paralysis].

PMID- 13701300
TI  - [Atopic dermatitis, cataract and keratoconus].

PMID- 13701302
TI  - [Treatment of multiple sclerosis].

PMID- 13701303
TI  - [On the neutralization of olive oil intended for parenteral use].

PMID- 13701304
TI  - [On a characteristic reaction of almond oils and kernel oils].

PMID- 13701305
TI  - [Composition of the mixture of principles directly dissolved at the time of
      extraction of oleaginous seeds by hot ethanol].

PMID- 13701306
TI  - [On a direct method of preparation of ethyl esters of chaulmoogra oils].

PMID- 13701307
TI  - [On the determination of palmitic acid and gorlic acid in the oils of African
      Chaulmoogra].

PMID- 13701308
TI  - [The separation of the constituents of chaulmoogra oils by fractional
      crystallization of the fatty acid-urea complexes].

PMID- 13701309
TI  - [Recurring hemorrhages and multiple sclerosis].

PMID- 13701310
TI  - [Touraine's pachydermoperiostosis].

PMID- 13701311
TI  - [The fundamental mineral compound of calcified tissues. II. Bone salts containing
      a calcium phosphate different from hydroxylapatite].

PMID- 13701312
TI  - [Cutaneous grafts in palpebral neoplasms].

PMID- 13701313
TI  - [Current status of the chemotherapy of the chronic evolutive polyarthritis].

PMID- 13701314
TI  - [Retinitis caused by blood disorders, as the only manifestation of myeloma.
      Importance of immunno-electrophoresis].

PMID- 13701315
TI  - [Recurring hemorrhage in the course of a case of Besnier-Boeck-Schaumann
      disease].

PMID- 13701316
TI  - [Complications of loco-regional anesthesia in ocular surgery].

PMID- 13701317
TI  - [Study of the variation of the composition of bone in the rat with age].

PMID- 13701318
TI  - [How should the allergic child be treated? Results of an investigation of the
      effects of a complex of gamma globulins and histamine in allergic therapy of
      children].

PMID- 13701319
TI  - [Hypophyseal nanism].

PMID- 13701320
TI  - [Hypophysial nanism caused by an intra-sellar tumor. Probable chromophobe
      adenoma].

PMID- 13701321
TI  - [Discussion on phenylpyruvic oligophrenia].

PMID- 13701322
TI  - [Ankylosing spondylarthritis in 2 brothers].

PMID- 13701323
TI  - [3 cases of meniscal calcifications of the knee].

PMID- 13701324
TI  - [Apropos of Still's disease: the thermal trace, fractures].

PMID- 13701325
TI  - [Crural neuralgia (cruralgia)].

PMID- 13701327
TI  - [Semiology of confirmed ankylosing spondylitis (excluding the initial period and
      radiography). Development and prognosis, clinical and diagnostic forms].

PMID- 13701328
TI  - [The decline of Bouillaud's disease].

PMID- 13701326
TI  - [Errors to avoid in corticotherapy of rheumatism].

PMID- 13701329
TI  - [The twilight of Bouillaud's disease (synonyms: acute articular rheumatism,
      rheumatic fever, etc.)].

PMID- 13701330
TI  - [Treatment of ankylosing spondylarthritis].

PMID- 13701331
TI  - [Corticotherapy in association with other anti-rheumatismal therapeutics].

PMID- 13701332
TI  - [A case of liver cirrhosis with hyperproteinemia].

PMID- 13701333
TI  - [Therapeutic aspects of dermatovenerology in publication appearing in the year
      1959].

PMID- 13701334
TI  - [Medical statistical information for the years of 1958 and 1959. Report from the
      Public Health Department].

PMID- 13701335
TI  - Endoparasitism in isolated populations of rodents of the Lake Bonneville Basin,
      Utah.

PMID- 13701336
TI  - Urinary excretion of estriol in pathological pregnancies.

PMID- 13701337
TI  - Characteristics of gamma-globulin, lacking antibody properties, in new-born pigs.

PMID- 13701338
TI  - Dissociation of animal 7 S gamma-globulins by cleavage of disulfide bonds.

PMID- 13701341
TI  - [Preoperative control of surgical sponges].

PMID- 13701339
TI  - [Experiences with laparoscopy and culdoscopy in gynecology].

PMID- 13701340
TI  - [Research on the odors emitted by anaerobic bacteria. III. Clostridium
      histolyticum].

PMID- 13701342
TI  - [On indication, technic and outcome of roentgen therapy of ureteral calculi (5
      year experience report)].

PMID- 13701343
TI  - [Unusual purpura in artificial abortion].

PMID- 13701344
TI  - [On the problem of the surgical treatment of pertrochanteric femur fractures in
      old age].

PMID- 13701345
TI  - Effect of hemorrhagic shock on viability of invading bacteria.

PMID- 13701346
TI  - Urolithiasis. I. Incidence of bladder calculi, urine properties, and urethral
      diameters of feedlot steers.

PMID- 13701347
TI  - [On the clinical picture of endophlebitis hepatica obliterans].

PMID- 13701348
TI  - Effects of drugs on partially and completely denervated skeletal muscle of the
      frog.
AB  - The sensitivity of completely denervated and the innervated end-plate regions of
      partially denervated frog's sartorius muscles to stimulation by drugs has been
      investigated. The drugs were tested on muscles isolated 12 to 39 days following
      denervation. On the basis of the results obtained most of the drugs could be put
      into one of two main groups. The first group included choline,
      tetramethylammonium, carbachol and decamethonium; these drugs readily stimulated
      non-denervated muscles, and chronic denervation, either partial or complete,
      greatly increased the sensitivity of the muscles. The second group included
      pilocarpine and carbamate of (2-hydroxypropyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride
      (Bethanechol, U.S.P.). The muscles were relatively insensitive to stimulation by
      these two drugs. They could stimulate the muscles if applied in high enough
      concentrations, but the responses thus obtained could not be distinguished from
      responses produced by similar concentrations of sucrose and chronic denervation
      did not increase the sensitivity of the muscles to stimulation by these two
      drugs. Methacholine, like the drugs in the second group, was unable to stimulate
      the muscles in low concentrations, but chronic denervation rendered the muscles
      sensitive to stimulation by this drug. Tetraethylammonium presented a completely
      different pattern of activity which was consistent with a hypothesis that in low
      doses this drug stimulates skeletal muscle by causing a release of acetylcholine
      from nerve endings in the muscle.

PMID- 13701349
TI  - Maximum activation of the contractile mechanism in frog's skeletal muscle by
      potassium depolarization.

PMID- 13701350
TI  - The influence of bromide ions on excitation-contraction coupling in frog's
      skeletal muscle.

PMID- 13701351
TI  - [The behavior of carbonic anhydrase and antidiuretic hormone under the influence
      of p-chloro-phenyldiaminotriazine in man].

PMID- 13701352
TI  - [The treatment of the most frequent disorders of the water and salt balance in
      clinical practice].

PMID- 13701353
TI  - Trichinosis in garbage-fed swine.

PMID- 13701354
TI  - The impact of a diagnosis of silicosis. Effect on the asymptomatic worker.

PMID- 13701355
TI  - Excitation and conduction.

PMID- 13701356
TI  - [Recent clinical data on maxillary sinusitis in childhood].

PMID- 13701357
TI  - [On the value of lipid electrophoresis findings in some internal diseases].

PMID- 13701358
TI  - The incidence of reactions following the oral administration of phenethicillin.

PMID- 13701359
TI  - An automatic device for the study of conditioned escape reactions in the rat. II.
      Characteristics of the programmer and of the modified Warner cage for studying
      the barrier crossing response.

PMID- 13701360
TI  - [Evaluation of the effect of carbon tetrachloride poisoning on the antigen
      structure of the rat liver].

PMID- 13701361
TI  - [The effect of carbon tetrachloride poisoning on the antigenic structure of the
      rat liver].

PMID- 13701363
TI  - Gout simulating cardiac pain.

PMID- 13701362
TI  - Urinary pH, ammonia and calcium excretion in renal uric acid stone patients.

PMID- 13701364
TI  - [Clinical and therapeutic observations on 43 patients suffering from primary
      gout].

PMID- 13701365
TI  - [A chemical process for the determination of ultraviolet radiation (U.V.
      chemometer). Preliminary report].

PMID- 13701366
TI  - [An electronic recorder of numbers of impulses and its applications in the field
      of radiochromatography].

PMID- 13701368
TI  - [Mud therapy in Hungary].

PMID- 13701367
TI  - [Improvement made in an automatic apparatus for quantitative determination of the
      radioactive zones of bidimensional radiochromatograms].

PMID- 13701369
TI  - Prevalence of bovine mastitis during various stages of lactation.

PMID- 13701370
TI  - The effect of diethylstilbestrol and progesterone on the growth of four mastitis
      producing bacteria.

PMID- 13701371
TI  - [Prolapse of the rectum in children].

PMID- 13701372
TI  - [Diverticular cyst of the lower end of the common bile duct with exclusively
      intraduodenal development (choledochocele)].

PMID- 13701373
TI  - [Transduodenal spincterotomy without opening of the choledochus].

PMID- 13701374
TI  - [The biosynthesis and clinical significance of the coenzyme diphosphopyridine
      nucleotide].

PMID- 13701375
TI  - Oral surgery; a team approach.

PMID- 13701376
TI  - Preliminary pharmacologic observations on the concomitant use of x-ray and 5
      fluorouracil in human malignancies.

PMID- 13701377
TI  - Mitomycin C (NSC-26980)--an evaluation of the Japanese reports.

PMID- 13701378
TI  - The treatment of drug-addiction.

PMID- 13701379
TI  - [Cardio-respiratory disorders in severe adiposity].

PMID- 13701380
TI  - [Indication, limitations and methodology of oxygen therapy].

PMID- 13701382
TI  - [Gemmangioma myxomatosum. A contribution to the round opacities and capillary
      type tumors of the lungs].

PMID- 13701381
TI  - [Clinical usefulness of the platinum electrode according to Bartels and Reinhardt
      for the measurement of PO2 in the blood].

PMID- 13701383
TI  - [On the treatment of a fracture-dislocation of the Lisfranc joint].

PMID- 13701384
TI  - [Choir singing in a psychiatric hospital].

PMID- 13701385
TI  - Fluctuation of peripheral blood flow in subjects with circulatory impairment.

PMID- 13701386
TI  - [On the problem of the suture for bronchial closure: observation on mycoses of
      the bronchial stump].

PMID- 13701387
TI  - [On the significance of scintigraphy for the diagnosis of thyroid gland diseases,
      especially of thyroid and thyroid-like tumors].

PMID- 13701388
TI  - [Our experiences with choledochoduodenostomy].

PMID- 13701389
TI  - [On the advantages of an appropriate clinical documentation for research and
      study].

PMID- 13701390
TI  - [The value of minor hydrotherapy (Kneipp method) for the prevention and
      rehabilitation of arthritis and vascular collagen diseases].

PMID- 13701391
TI  - [Number and size of glomeruli in the kidney of the Syrian golden hamster].

PMID- 13701392
TI  - The preparation and evaluation of grapefruit peel tincture and grapefruit syrup.

PMID- 13701393
TI  - [On the enzymatic decomposition of C2-acids by microorganisms. I. On glyoxylate
      transaminase from mold fungi, especially Aspergillus niger].

PMID- 13701394
TI  - [On the enzymatic decomposition of C2-acids by microorganisms. III. On glyoxylate
      reductase from Aspergillus niger].

PMID- 13701395
TI  - [On the enzymatic decomposition of C2-acids by microorganisms. II. On an enzyme
      condensing glyoxylic acid with alpha-ketoglutaric acid from Aspergillus niger].

PMID- 13701396
TI  - [On the knowledge of fatty acid catabolism by mold fungi. III. On a decarboxylase
      for average beta-ketomonocarbonic acids (beta-ketolaurate decarboxylase)].

PMID- 13701397
TI  - [Contribution to the roentgenological demonstration of an unusual anomaly of the
      bile ducts and to the problem of postoperative cholangitis].

PMID- 13701398
TI  - [Humoral diagnosis of myocardial infarct].

PMID- 13701399
TI  - [On the problem of the predominantly left-sided radiation of pains in the
      cervical syndrome].

PMID- 13701400
TI  - An experimental study of pleural symphysis.

PMID- 13701401
TI  - A functional and morphologic evaluation of left ventriculotomy.

PMID- 13701402
TI  - The treatment of penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus joint infections with
      intra-articular broad spectrum antibiotics.

PMID- 13701403
TI  - Doctors and the law.

PMID- 13701405
TI  - A planned home auditory training program.

PMID- 13701404
TI  - Doctors and the law.

PMID- 13701406
TI  - Effect of environmental temperature on toxicity of GB intravenously administered.

PMID- 13701407
TI  - Effects of localized damage on morphogenesis and cell division in a ciliate,
      Glaucoma chattoni.

PMID- 13701408
TI  - Ophthalmodynamometry: a pilot study.

PMID- 13701409
TI  - Iron metabolism; a review of biochemical mechanisms and their clinical
      implications.

PMID- 13701410
TI  - [Medical education and public health organization in Brazil].

PMID- 13701411
TI  - [Vascular adaptive hyperplasia. Participation of natural factors in its origin
      and maintenance].

PMID- 13701412
TI  - Nitrogenous composition of human epidermis. I. Free amino acids, total nitrogen,
      non-protein nitrogen, urea, and ammonia in post-surgical and postmortem
      epidermis.

PMID- 13701414
TI  - Mechanical factors for internal fixation of the femoral neck.

PMID- 13701413
TI  - Value of cordotomy for the relief of pain.

PMID- 13701416
TI  - [Aldosterone excretion and electrolyte metabolism under the action of Pitressin
      in non-hydrated, normal human volunteers].

PMID- 13701415
TI  - [The diagnostic importance of isocitrate dehydrogenase and of glutathione
      reductase in liver diseases].

PMID- 13701417
TI  - [On preventive stabilization of arterial pressure in high spinal anesthesia].

PMID- 13701418
TI  - [Jan Evangelista PURKYNE, histologist].

PMID- 13701419
TI  - Bilateral myxomas of the heart.

PMID- 13701420
TI  - Psychomotor performance in man as affected by high oxygen pressure (3
      atmospheres).

PMID- 13701421
TI  - Effects of intravenous infusions of adrenaline and noradrenaline on certain
      psychological and physiological functions.

PMID- 13701422
TI  - [The therapy of psychic disorders in old age with raubasin].

PMID- 13701423
TI  - [Data on renal circulation in diffuse nephritis].

PMID- 13701424
TI  - [The genetics of tissue transplantation].

PMID- 13701425
TI  - Neuropathologic observations in wild animals.

PMID- 13701426
TI  - [Cutaneous and urogenital changes in myalgia epidemica].

PMID- 13701427
TI  - [Tuberculous lupus associated with Addison's disease].

PMID- 13701428
TI  - Herpetic gingivostomatitis and necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis in the child and
      adolescent.

PMID- 13701429
TI  - [Combined pharmaco- and psychotherapy of anancastic syndrome].

PMID- 13701430
TI  - [Errors in psychological thought (monadologism, potentialism and
      kaleidoscopism)].

PMID- 13701431
TI  - The effect of hormones of HeLa cells inoculated with infectious hepatitis
      specimens.

PMID- 13701432
TI  - Blood flow measured by Doppler frequency shift of back-scattered ultrasound.
AB  - The Doppler shift of ultrasound, scattered from moving elements within a stream
      of blood, is related to the velocity of blood flow. A flowmeter based on this
      principle has been constructed and was used to record blood flow through intact
      vessels in dogs.

PMID- 13701433
TI  - Haptoglobin hemoglobin metabolism in rabbits studied with I-131 and Fe59 labelled
      complexes.

PMID- 13701434
TI  - Structural units of human 7S gamma globulin.

PMID- 13701435
TI  - Interruption of uterine blood flow: a new technique for the production of
      congenital malformations. Comparison of the eighth, ninth, and tenth days of
      gestation.

PMID- 13701437
TI  - King Charles I and William Harvey.

PMID- 13701438
TI  - The physiological changes which occur in a man as he grows older.

PMID- 13701439
TI  - Dialysis in the aged. Study of patients sixty years of age or older.

PMID- 13701440
TI  - The influence of hypophysectomy and of growth hormone administration on the
      oxidation of palmitate-1-C14 by the unanesthetized rat.

PMID- 13701441
TI  - A British root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne artiellia n.sp.

PMID- 13701442
TI  - Serological study of tail structure and function in coliphages T2 and T4.

PMID- 13701443
TI  - Comparison of assays for Mengovirus and Reovirus-3.

PMID- 13701444
TI  - Further biochemical studies on male and female mice some months after total-body
      x-irradiation.

PMID- 13701445
TI  - The expiratory rate during the third quarter of a maximal forced expiration (E50
      75). A useful index of obstructive pulmonary disease.

PMID- 13701446
TI  - Unrecognized airway obstruction associated with smoking: a probable forerunner of
      obstructive pulmonary emphysema.

PMID- 13701447
TI  - A study of reading difficulties in Toronto school children.

PMID- 13701448
TI  - Pharmacological studies of some amino ethers derived from certain arylalkanols.

PMID- 13701449
TI  - Derivatives of 3-pyrrolidinols. III. The chemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology
      of some N-substituted-3-pyrrolidyl alpha-substituted phenylacetates.

PMID- 13701450
TI  - [The problem of mechanization of work in the diagnosis and therapy of patients].

PMID- 13701451
TI  - Eysenck's "stratification" theory and the questionnaire method of measuring
      personality.

PMID- 13701453
TI  - The growth of mouse prostate during culture in vitro in chemically defined and
      natural media, and after transplantation in vivo. The effects of insulin and
      normal human serum.

PMID- 13701452
TI  - Local hypothermia of the urinary bladder during transurethral surgery.

PMID- 13701454
TI  - [Current status of the problem of neural mechanisms in fixation contractures].

PMID- 13701455
TI  - The place of food science and technology in the campaign against malnutrition.
      Problems and some solutions: Iraq.

PMID- 13701456
TI  - [Contribution to the clinical and radiological diagnosis of tumors of the
      pancreas].

PMID- 13701457
TI  - [Delay of consolidation and hormonal treatment].

PMID- 13701458
TI  - Air embolism of the pulmonary and systemic circulation following the injury on
      the altitude. (A case report).

PMID- 13701459
TI  - [Studies on operative pathology in surgical cavo-pulmonary anastomosis].

PMID- 13701460
TI  - 6-beta-hydroxy-cortisol: high levels in human urine in pregnancy and toxemia.

PMID- 13701461
TI  - A quantitatively abnormal mode of hydrocortisone metabolism in pregnant and
      toxemic patients.

PMID- 13701462
TI  - [Difficulties and deficiency in the determination of cause of death in
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 13701463
TI  - Cholesterol content of human liver after feeding of corn oil and hydrogenated
      coconut oil.

PMID- 13701464
TI  - [Treatment of disseminated sclerosis with tolbutamide].

PMID- 13701465
TI  - Cerebral artery occlusions in children due to trauma to the head and neck. A
      report of 6 cases verified by cerebral angiography.

PMID- 13701466
TI  - Correlation of clinical electroencephalographic and arteriographic findings in
      patients with cerebral vascular accident.

PMID- 13701467
TI  - The clinical features of hemispherical infarctions in relation to the
      arteriographical findings.

PMID- 13701468
TI  - [Contribution to the pharmacology of kallikrein].

PMID- 13701469
TI  - [On the action of dried cell preparations after intravenous injection].

PMID- 13701470
TI  - [Leukemic manifestations in the gynecological area].

PMID- 13701471
TI  - [On the problem of "rapid resection procedures" in gynecological surgery].

PMID- 13701472
TI  - [Does the stapedius muscle have an independent function?].

PMID- 13701473
TI  - Biological control of pest insects in Europe.

PMID- 13701474
TI  - Postoperative thrombosis and plasma fibrinolytic activity. A comparative study in
      Africans, Indians, and whites.

PMID- 13701475
TI  - [Changes in the lipid content of the ovary and biosynthesis of estrogens].

PMID- 13701476
TI  - Distinctive functions of psychotherapy and pastoral counseling.

PMID- 13701477
TI  - [The significance of endogenous proteinogenic amines for internal medicine, with
      special reference to kidney function].

PMID- 13701478
TI  - [Predominantly one-sided bone chondromatosis-so-called Ollier's disease].

PMID- 13701479
TI  - [On the limitations of roentgen film sensitivity].

PMID- 13701480
TI  - Comparison of the acid-soluble nucleotides in Escherichia coli at different
      growth rates.

PMID- 13701481
TI  - [Blood ammonia in acute and chronic liver diseases].

PMID- 13701482
TI  - [Action of L-arginine on the behavior of blood ammonia in liver disease
      patients].

PMID- 13701483
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the Peutz-Jeghers syndrome].

PMID- 13701484
TI  - Influence of light from an infra-red bulb on the mutagenic effect of colchicine
      on sorghum.

PMID- 13701485
TI  - [On the blood vessel and nerve supply of the shoulder and pelvic limbs of the
      deer (Capreolus capreolus L.). 1. Shoulder limbs].

PMID- 13701486
TI  - [Our experience in oxygen therapy with oxygen tent in traumatology].

PMID- 13701487
TI  - [Statistical data on traumatic lesions (work accidents) treated in the "Villa
      Tivoli" Traumatological Department of Merano].

PMID- 13701488
TI  - Present knowledge and recent personal investigations on BCG daughter-strains.

PMID- 13701489
TI  - Some aspects of BCG vaccination programs in Canada.

PMID- 13701490
TI  - [On crossed oculocular reflexes. III. Contribution to the knowledge of the
      diastaltic arc of the consensual ophthalmotonic reflex].

PMID- 13701491
TI  - [Influence of barbiturates of ultra-short action on the blood lipid picture.
      Preliminary note].

PMID- 13701492
TI  - [Silver anniversary with gerontology and endocrinology].

PMID- 13701494
TI  - Management of third-stage complications in domiciliary obstetrics.

PMID- 13701493
TI  - [The testicular hormone complex in the natural state in some cases of cancer and
      serious gynecological diseases].

PMID- 13701495
TI  - A blood-volume study in the non-European patient with hypertension.

PMID- 13701496
TI  - The management of hypertension in the Bantu.

PMID- 13701497
TI  - Serositis--a complication of colostomy.

PMID- 13701498
TI  - Clinical manifestations of genetic aberrations of calcium and phosphorus
      metabolism.

PMID- 13701499
TI  - Some experimental and clinical studies on the causes of congenital clefts of the
      palate and of the lip.

PMID- 13701500
TI  - Let's face the facts.

PMID- 13701501
TI  - The Maritime Medical Care Plan.

PMID- 13701502
TI  - The challenge to the medical profession.

PMID- 13701503
TI  - Haemolytic activity of Corynebacterium ovis.

PMID- 13701504
TI  - The fungal flora of the canine ear.

PMID- 13701505
TI  - The histopathology of the external auditory meatus of the dog.

PMID- 13701506
TI  - Cleft lip and palate: seasonal incidence, birth weight, birth rank, sex, site,
      associated malformations and parental age. A statistical survey.

PMID- 13701507
TI  - Cretinism and taste sensitivity to phenylthiocarbamide.

PMID- 13701508
TI  - Addiction liability of an isoquinoline analgesic, 1-(p-chlorophenethyl)-2-methyl
      6,7-dimethoxy-1.2.3.4-tetrahydroisoquinoline.

PMID- 13701509
TI  - Methods for evaluating addiction liability. (A) "Attitude" of opiate addicts
      toward opiate-like drugs. (B) a short-term "direct" addiction test.

PMID- 13701510
TI  - Solubility of denatured haemoglobin variants in acid buffers.

PMID- 13701511
TI  - The response to adrenalectomy of a leucoerythroblastic process due to metastatic
      carcinoma of breast.

PMID- 13701512
TI  - Forces affecting hospitals under prepaid health schemes.

PMID- 13701513
TI  - The XXX syndrome frequency among mental defectives and fertility.

PMID- 13701514
TI  - Use of polyethylene glycol in biology.

PMID- 13701515
TI  - The production of lipolytic activity in the human forearm in response to heparin.

PMID- 13701516
TI  - Mitral valvotomy. A comparison of results by two operative methods.

PMID- 13701517
TI  - Detection and attempted assay of mammotrophic activity in women's blood and
      urine.

PMID- 13701518
TI  - The wringer injury.

PMID- 13701520
TI  - Leprosy in Bali, Indonesia.

PMID- 13701519
TI  - Optimal protein synthesis by ascites tumour cells in vitro.

PMID- 13701521
TI  - Leprosy in Nepal.

PMID- 13701522
TI  - On Diphyllobothrium medium (Fahmy, 1954) parasitic in trout in Great Britain.

PMID- 13701523
TI  - The occurrence of Diphyllobothrium in trout, with special reference to an
      outbreak in the west of England.

PMID- 13701525
TI  - Tracer studies of bone metabolism in man using stable strontium and Ca47.

PMID- 13701524
TI  - Q fever in naval personnel.

PMID- 13701526
TI  - Somite genesis in the chick. IV. Activity of sulfur-containing compounds.

PMID- 13701527
TI  - A case of genital prolapse in a newborn baby.

PMID- 13701528
TI  - Aneurysm of the right coronary artery. Rupture into the right atrium with
      survival for one year.

PMID- 13701529
TI  - Q-T interval and T-wave amplitude after induced ventricular premature beats.

PMID- 13701530
TI  - Tracking performance during low frequency vibration.

PMID- 13701531
TI  - A preliminary report of the anti-inflammatory effect of oxyphenbutazone (G27202)
      in postoperative obstetrical and gynecological practice.

PMID- 13701532
TI  - Distensible behavior of pulmonary artery.

PMID- 13701534
TI  - [Genetic study of visual perception thresholds for 4 categories of stimuli].

PMID- 13701533
TI  - [Nicotinic acid and experimental cicatrization of the skin].

PMID- 13701535
TI  - [Considerations on the anatomo-radiological aspects of dysplasias of the wrist
      and of the forearm of the Madelung type].

PMID- 13701536
TI  - [Anatomopathological aspects of various vasculoskeletal dysplasias. (Study of 3
      cases)].

PMID- 13701537
TI  - [The surgical treatment of faulty consolidation of fractures of the tibiotarsal
      articulation].

PMID- 13701538
TI  - [On the mechanism of mitotic segregation in Aspergillus nidulans].

PMID- 13701539
TI  - Electroencephalographic studies in prematures and newborns.

PMID- 13701540
TI  - [Data on the electroencephalographic examination of premature and newborn
      infants].

PMID- 13701541
TI  - The anatomy of the canine mitral valve, with notes on function and comparisons
      with other mammalian mitral valves.

PMID- 13701542
TI  - [Postoperative staphylococcal enteritis].

PMID- 13701543
TI  - [The synthesis of glucosamine in normal and pathological human nervous tissue].

PMID- 13701544
TI  - [On polymorphism of the pancreas and its ligamentous apparatus].

PMID- 13701545
TI  - [Is habitual protection of the perineum in spontaneous labor necessary?].

PMID- 13701546
TI  - Cancer of the head and neck.

PMID- 13701547
TI  - Role of lipids in normal metabolism.

PMID- 13701548
TI  - The relative values of animal and vegetable fats in nutrition. Animal and
      vegetable fats: chairman's opening remarks.

PMID- 13701549
TI  - [Role of lipids in normal metabolism].

PMID- 13701550
TI  - Cancer of the colon and ano-rectum.

PMID- 13701552
TI  - Kentucky's program for the chronically ill.

PMID- 13701551
TI  - Carcinoma of the breast in Negro women. Report of 111 cases treated at Hubbard
      Hospital from 1940 to 1955 with a review of the literature.

PMID- 13701553
TI  - Half-lives of transmissibility of two aphid-borne viruses.

PMID- 13701554
TI  - Chemical warfare: another serious hazard.

PMID- 13701555
TI  - Effectiveness of seat belts in preventing motorvehicle injuries.

PMID- 13701556
TI  - New perspectives in psychiatric research.

PMID- 13701557
TI  - Cigarette smoking and prematurity: a prospective study.

PMID- 13701558
TI  - [Recurring retroplacental hemorrhages].

PMID- 13701559
TI  - Enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle in germinating uredospores of Melampsora lini
      (pers.) lev.

PMID- 13701560
TI  - [Auricular senescence].

PMID- 13701561
TI  - The Massachusetts Medical Society and the organization of public-health services
      retrospect and prospect.

PMID- 13701562
TI  - Traumatic asphyxia.

PMID- 13701563
TI  - Placental permeability for the beta isoantibodies in relation to the maternal A1
      A2 subgroups. Preliminary report.

PMID- 13701564
TI  - A-B-O and hr'hemolytic disease in the same family.

PMID- 13701565
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the karyotype in the chicken].

PMID- 13701566
TI  - The influence of dietary vitamin B12 on the hepatic vitamin B12 biologic half
      life of swine.

PMID- 13701567
TI  - Performance and problems of pharmaceutical suspensions.

PMID- 13701568
TI  - Anesthesia for patients with jaundice.

PMID- 13701569
TI  - [Recent acquisitions in the physical chemistry of desoxyribonucleic acids].

PMID- 13701570
TI  - The ultraviolet spectrum of deoxyribonucleic acids and their constituents.

PMID- 13701572
TI  - Determinants and consequences of mortality trends in Ceylon.

PMID- 13701571
TI  - [Genetic exchange in bacteria].

PMID- 13701573
TI  - Epidemiological significance of the interference phenomenon.

PMID- 13701574
TI  - Malaria control and population pressure in Ceylon.

PMID- 13701575
TI  - Poststenotic aneurysms complicating coarctation of the aorta.

PMID- 13701576
TI  - [Persistent ductus arteriosus. A followup investigation of 12 cases submitted to
      operation].

PMID- 13701577
TI  - Anaerobic flora of chronic nasal sinusitis in adults.

PMID- 13701578
TI  - Study of the penetration of 8-ethoxycaffeine into roots of Vicia faba.

PMID- 13701579
TI  - The stability constant of the manganese chelate of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole.

PMID- 13701580
TI  - The structure of the D-glucose adduct of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole: infared
      absorption studies.

PMID- 13701581
TI  - Preliminary studies on an algal phosphorylasemanganese chelate.

PMID- 13701582
TI  - A method for measuring zinc in leucocytes and erythrocytes.

PMID- 13701584
TI  - Tissue distribution of P32-labeled parathion. Autoradiographic technique.

PMID- 13701583
TI  - Zinc in human blood cells: normal values and abnormalities associated with liver
      disease.

PMID- 13701585
TI  - Effects of sarin in the anaesthetized and unanaesthetized dog following
      inhalatin. percutaneous absorption and intravenous infusion.

PMID- 13701586
TI  - Percutaneous absorption of parathion and paraoxon. IV. Decontamination of human
      skin from parathion.

PMID- 13701587
TI  - [Renal oxalosis].

PMID- 13701588
TI  - The prevention of air pollution damage to plants by the use of vitamin C sprays.

PMID- 13701589
TI  - Blood-borne vasodilating agent from ischemic tissues.

PMID- 13701590
TI  - Laws of learning, visual perception and the reading process.

PMID- 13701591
TI  - Subdural hematoma: review of 106 cases.

PMID- 13701592
TI  - Comments on the present status of child analysis.

PMID- 13701593
TI  - On the parenteral use of amitriptyline (ElavilMerck): a preliminary report.

PMID- 13701594
TI  - The current status of the tranquilizers and of child analysis in child
      psychiatry.

PMID- 13701595
TI  - Influence of the kidney on electrolytes of the aorta.

PMID- 13701596
TI  - The enzymatic hydroxylation of tryptophan.

PMID- 13701597
TI  - Biochemical investigations on a transplantable rat leukemia. II. Liver
      phosphatases and glucose balance.

PMID- 13701598
TI  - Chloroquine in rheumatoid arthritis; a double blindfold trial of treatment for
      one year.

PMID- 13701599
TI  - The influence of hyperbilirubinemia on the early development of the premature.

PMID- 13701600
TI  - Governmentally operated health and medical programs.

PMID- 13701601
TI  - The fragmentation of community health services in Lousiana: the responsibility of
      organized medicine.

PMID- 13701602
TI  - On women who hate their husbands.

PMID- 13701603
TI  - Critical period in the social development of dogs.
AB  - Litters of puppies were isolated, with the bitch, in fenced acre fields from 2 to
      14 weeks of age. They were removed indoors at different ages, played with for a
      week, and returned to the field. The pups manifested an increasing tendency to
      withdraw from human beings after 5 weeks of age and unless socialization occurred
      before 14 weeks of age, withdrawal reactions from humans became so intense that
      normal relationships could not thereafter be established

PMID- 13701604
TI  - Persisting effects of reserpine in man.

PMID- 13701605
TI  - Thresholds for drug-induced akathisia.

PMID- 13701606
TI  - Factors that determine druginduced akathisia.

PMID- 13701607
TI  - Modification of lethality of endotoxin in mice by zymosan.

PMID- 13701608
TI  - Further studies on passive transfer of tolerance to pyrogenicity of bacterial
      endotoxin. The febrile and leucopenic responses.
AB  - The effect of various schedules for inducing tolerance to bacterial endotoxin in
      donor rabbits upon suitability for demonstration of passive transfer of tolerance
      to pyrogenicity in normal recipients has been investigated. Long-term treatment
      of donors, through 5 weeks, is no more effective than a brief series of
      injections, adding further evidence that tolerance is not attributable to
      specific antibody to the endotoxin. Qualitative differentiation of the febrile
      pattern of passively tolerant recipients from that seen in control animals
      depends upon the magnitude of the test dose of pyrogen. Passively tolerant
      rabbits respond to endotoxin with an acute leucopenia equivalent to that seen in
      controls suffering a full biphasic fever. Animals given daily injections of
      endotoxin continue to show the acute leucopenia, despite the early modification
      of the course of fever characteristic of endotoxin tolerance. The assumption that
      the leucopenia reflects damage to the leucocytes, with release of endogenous
      pyrogen, is not consistent with these findings. Rabbits rendered leucopenic by
      nitrogen mustard and then given endotoxin exhibit a rapidly developing fever of
      greater than normal intensity, the exaggeration of the febrile response being
      proportional to the severity of the induced leucopenia. The implications of these
      findings for the pathogenesis of endotoxin-induced fever are discussed. The
      evidence supports the hypothesis that endotoxin produces fever by direct action
      rather than by release of endogenous leucocytic pyrogen. It is postulated that
      the lesser fever, in animals having normal numbers of circulating leucocytes,
      reflects a limitation of available endotoxin by the known rapid sequestration in
      the white blood cells at the time of the acute leucopenia. It is further
      suggested that the biphasic febrile response of the normal rabbit results from
      reinoculation of the blood stream by the temporarily sequestered endotoxin, the
      RES of the tolerant animal clearing the released endotoxin at a rate sufficient
      to prevent triggering the second phase of fever.

PMID- 13701609
TI  - Passive transfer of tolerance to pyrogenicity of bacterial endotoxin.
AB  - The typical febrile response of normal rabbits given bacterial endotoxin
      intravenously may be modified by prior administration of plasma or, less
      effectively, serum of endotoxin-tolerant donors. This altered response is
      characterized by disappearance of the second rise in fever and by a striking
      reduction in fever index. It thus resembles the course of fever shown by rabbits
      made tolerant to endotoxin by one or more previous daily doses. This transfer of
      tolerance by plasma or serum depends critically upon the manner in which
      tolerance is induced in the donors. The plasma of donor rabbits made tolerant,
      then given an RES-blocking dose of carbon, still confers tolerance upon normal
      recipient rabbits. Such donors have lost their tolerance and are highly sensitive
      to endotoxin at the time their blood is taken. The implications of these findings
      for endotoxin tolerance and for transfer of this phenomenon are discussed. The
      evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that both tolerance and its transfer
      are based upon RES function and are independent of antibody.

PMID- 13701610
TI  - Reticuloendothelial system and passive transfer of endotoxin tolerance.

PMID- 13701611
TI  - Congenital absence of the aortic arch.

PMID- 13701612
TI  - Percutaneous needle biopsy of the kidney.

PMID- 13701613
TI  - Experimental pyelonephritis. VIII. The effect of acidifying agents on
      susceptibility to infection.

PMID- 13701614
TI  - Experimental pyelonephritis. VII. Evidence on the mechanisms by which obstruction
      of urine flow enhances susceptibility to pyelonephritis.

PMID- 13701615
TI  - Experimental pyelonephritis. IX. The bacteriological course and morphological
      consequences of staphylococcal pyelonephritis in the rat, with consideration of
      the specificity of the pathological changes observed.

PMID- 13701616
TI  - An observation concerning the mechanism of renal cyst formation.

PMID- 13701617
TI  - Mental disease or defect excluding responsibility. A psychiatric view of the
      American Law Institute: model penal code proposal.

PMID- 13701618
TI  - A National Institute of Social and Behavioral Pathology.

PMID- 13701619
TI  - Cooperation for research in psychiatry and law.

PMID- 13701620
TI  - Sexual, aggressive and acquisitive deviates.

PMID- 13701621
TI  - Sensory deprivation: facts in search of a theory.

PMID- 13701622
TI  - Milk allergy in infantile atopic eczema.

PMID- 13701623
TI  - Placental metastasis. Review of the literature and report of a case of metastatic
      melanoma.

PMID- 13701624
TI  - The aetiology of retrobulbar neuritis in Addisonian pernicious anaemia.

PMID- 13701625
TI  - Seale HARRIS, 1870-1957.

PMID- 13701626
TI  - Host-parasite relationships in brucellosis. II. Destruction of macrophage
      cultures by Brucella of different virulence. J.

PMID- 13701627
TI  - Suitability of various plating media for counting bacteria after exposure to
      gamma radiation.

PMID- 13701628
TI  - Post-traumatic infraorbital neuralgia.

PMID- 13701629
TI  - Evaluation of Chloraderm as a dermatologic agent. A study of bacteriologic,
      fungicidal and antipruritic properties.

PMID- 13701631
TI  - The problem of syphilis. Is it a rare disease?

PMID- 13701630
TI  - A new topical remedy useful in the management of pruritus.

PMID- 13701632
TI  - Major vascular complications of lumbar disc surgery.

PMID- 13701633
TI  - Treatment experiences of mental patients and their families.

PMID- 13701634
TI  - Current aspects of psychiatry in Great Britain. Part 2: Recent developments in
      British mental health services.

PMID- 13701635
TI  - The problem of in-patient psychotherapy.

PMID- 13701636
TI  - Sexual capacities in the aging male.

PMID- 13701637
TI  - Late symptoms from diastematomyelis.

PMID- 13701638
TI  - Neuronal regeneration in the central nervous system of man. Successful growth of
      intercostal-spinal nerve anastomosis and growth of intercostal nerve-spinal cord
      implant.

PMID- 13701639
TI  - Surgical treatment of back and leg pain persisting after adequate disc surgery.

PMID- 13701641
TI  - Clinical enzyme unitage.

PMID- 13701640
TI  - Ethylene oxide sterilization in hospital practice.

PMID- 13701642
TI  - Clinical enzyme unitage.

PMID- 13701643
TI  - Phagocytosis of staphylococci by mouse leukocytes in the presence of botulinum
      toxin.

PMID- 13701645
TI  - Impact of public health on society.

PMID- 13701644
TI  - Chlorothiazide-induced hyperuricemia: report of two cases.

PMID- 13701646
TI  - Keratocanthoma of the conjunctiva. A case report.

PMID- 13701647
TI  - Histopathology of erythema toxicum neonatorum.

PMID- 13701648
TI  - The drinking driver. Survey of 100 cases of drivers alleged to be under influence
      of alcohol.

PMID- 13701649
TI  - The psychoanalyst in the mental hospital.

PMID- 13701650
TI  - Crockmanship.

PMID- 13701651
TI  - Psychosurgery.

PMID- 13701652
TI  - Harmonic oscillation as model for cortical excitability changes with attention in
      cats.
AB  - A single shock to the prepyri-form cortex with implanted electrodes caused a
      damped, sinusoidal oscillation in potential. The root-mean-square amplitudes of
      potentials evoked by short trains of stimuli, when plotted against the frequency
      of stimulation, fitted the equation for forced harmonic oscillation when the cat
      was attentive to the stimuli

PMID- 13701653
TI  - Q meter for measuring frequency specificity of cortical reactivity to electrical
      stimulation.

PMID- 13701654
TI  - A case of protein-losing enteropathy.

PMID- 13701655
TI  - [Distribution studies with P32-labeled organisms in BCG vaccinated guinea pigs].

PMID- 13701656
TI  - [The tuberculin reaction].

PMID- 13701657
TI  - The myofascial trigger mechanism in temporomandibular joint and allied
      disturbances.

PMID- 13701658
TI  - The chemical and mutagenic specificity of hydroxylamine.

PMID- 13701659
TI  - Hydroxylamine as a mutagenic and inactivating agent.

PMID- 13701660
TI  - Transitions and transversions induced by depurinating agents.

PMID- 13701661
TI  - The effect of core induced hypothermia of 25 and 7 degrees C. on dogs with
      myocardial infarction.

PMID- 13701662
TI  - Hypersensitivity to diethylstilbestrol. Cross-sensitization to dienestrol,
      hexestrol, bisphenol A, p-benzyl-phenol, hydroquinone-monobenzylether, and p
      hydroxybenzoic-benzylester.

PMID- 13701663
TI  - Effect of hypothyroidism on heat production and loss during acute exposure to
      cold.

PMID- 13701664
TI  - Effect of changes of ambient temperature on spontaneous activity of hypothyroid
      rats.

PMID- 13701665
TI  - Interaction of adrenals and thyroid in maintenance of body temperature of rats
      exposed to cold.

PMID- 13701666
TI  - [Spinal myelography with hydrosoluble contrast medium].

PMID- 13701667
TI  - [Contribution to the surgical treatment of compound fractures of the radial
      head].

PMID- 13701668
TI  - [Traumatic complex luxation of the hip with detachment of the joint cartilage of
      the femur head].

PMID- 13701669
TI  - Respiration of liver slices from normal and altitude-acclimatized rats.

PMID- 13701670
TI  - Clinical studies of vinblastine.

PMID- 13701672
TI  - [Current aspects of clinical enzymology].

PMID- 13701673
TI  - Distortion of spectral line shapes by recording instruments.

PMID- 13701671
TI  - [Leukocyte levels of adenosine phosphates].

PMID- 13701674
TI  - [New method permitting a decrease in hemolysis of conserved blood].

PMID- 13701675
TI  - Roentgen examination of the foot.

PMID- 13701676
TI  - The effect of practice on utilization of information from positive and negative
      instances in concept identification.

PMID- 13701677
TI  - [Bucco-facial zona].

PMID- 13701678
TI  - Pancreatitis and renal insufficiency.

PMID- 13701679
TI  - [Change in the phagocyte activity and some cytochemical reactions of leukocytes
      of peritoneal exudate of guinea pigs during the process of immunization].

PMID- 13701680
TI  - [Result of the reorganization of teaching of public health organization in
      medical departments].

PMID- 13701681
TI  - [Postoperative pulmonary atelectasis].

PMID- 13701682
TI  - The organization of medical practice and patient behavior.

PMID- 13701683
TI  - Haemolytic disease of the newborn caused by anti-M. The value of the direct
      conglutination test.

PMID- 13701684
TI  - Excessive content of blood-group substance in serum from patients with ovarian
      cysts.

PMID- 13701685
TI  - Damage by visible light to the acridine orange--DNA complex.
AB  - Salmon DNA has been irradiated with visible light in the presence of acridine
      orange. If the dye is bound to the DNA, there results: (a) a decrease in
      sedimentation coefficient, (b) a lowering of viscosity, and (c) a decrease in the
      thermal denaturation temperature. CsCl banding experiments show that the first
      two effects reflect depolymerization of the DNA. Depolymerization apparently
      occurs by single-strand scission although some double-strand scission is not
      excluded. The destabilization of secondary structure results probably from
      chemical attack on the components of the individual strands.

PMID- 13701686
TI  - Dye-sensitized photo-reactivation of x-ray damage in diploid yeast.

PMID- 13701687
TI  - Bud position in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 13701688
TI  - The effect of bacterial endotoxin on connective tissue growth and wound tensile
      strength.

PMID- 13701689
TI  - [Bronchogenic pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13701690
TI  - [Primary pulmonary suppurations].

PMID- 13701691
TI  - Pelvic vein thrombosis with pulmonary vascular lesions simulating primary
      pulmonary hypertension.

PMID- 13701692
TI  - Chorionic gonadotropin titers in normal and abnormal pregnancy.

PMID- 13701693
TI  - [Forms of recurrence after Dupuytren's disease].

PMID- 13701694
TI  - Experimental pulmonary embolism with serum-induced thrombi aged in vivo.

PMID- 13701695
TI  - [Experience in dispensary service for patients with eczematoids (eczema-like
      epidermodermites)].

PMID- 13701696
TI  - Stimulation of lipogenesis in thyroid tissue in vitro by free fatty acids.

PMID- 13701697
TI  - Extrathyroidal actions of pituitary thyrotropin: effects on the carbohydrate,
      lipid and respiratory metabolism of rat adipose tissue.

PMID- 13701698
TI  - [Cytology in rural hospitals].

PMID- 13701699
TI  - Genetic analysis in Russian immigrants. PTC sensitivity, finger prints, color
      vision, hand clasping, and arm folding.

PMID- 13701700
TI  - Twin data on hand clasping: a reanalysis.

PMID- 13701701
TI  - [Study of the mechanism of hyperglycemia and arterial hypertension produced by
      venom of the scorpion, in the dog].

PMID- 13701702
TI  - Lethal mutations in Brazilian human populations.

PMID- 13701704
TI  - The structure of consanguineous marriages and its genetic implications.

PMID- 13701703
TI  - Estimate of the human load of mutations from heterogeneous consanguineous
      samples.
AB  - A formula is presented for the calculation of the mean number of lethal and
      abnormal equivalents per person. It has been applied to Brazilian, French, and
      Japanese data.

PMID- 13701705
TI  - Deleterious mutations in man.

PMID- 13701706
TI  - Evaluation of a new chemotherapeutic agent in patients with 'advanced refractory'
      acute leukemia. Studies of 6-azauracil.

PMID- 13701707
TI  - Estimation of residual and end-diastolic volumes of the right ventricle of men
      without heart disease, using the dye-dilution method.

PMID- 13701708
TI  - Hemodynamic changes in hypertension.

PMID- 13701709
TI  - [On bismuthate oxidation for the determination of ketogenic corticoids of
      important C-19 and C-21 steroids].

PMID- 13701710
TI  - [Hemodynamic changes in associations of pulmonary stenosis with interventricular
      communication].

PMID- 13701711
TI  - [Medical gymnastics and sports in the rehabilitation of movement defects].

PMID- 13701712
TI  - [Results obtained with the use of G 31,109 in antirheumatism therapy].

PMID- 13701713
TI  - [Surgical management of eventrations].

PMID- 13701714
TI  - [Some nematodes parasitic of Gallus gallus dom. (L.) in the state of Bahia].

PMID- 13701715
TI  - [Epidemiology of Chagas' disease].

PMID- 13701716
TI  - [Importance of Chagas' disease for public health].

PMID- 13701717
TI  - [The methylene blue test in leprosy (introduction to its study in the light of
      analytical pathology)].

PMID- 13701718
TI  - Epibulbar malignant melanoma. Consideration of lymphatic drainage in surgical
      management.

PMID- 13701720
TI  - [A new syndrome of "central glossopathy". II. Considerations on nutrition and
      possible etiology].

PMID- 13701719
TI  - [A new syndrome of "central glossopathy" (Clinical study of 216 cases)].

PMID- 13701721
TI  - The actions of organic nitrates on the cardiopulmonary and peripheral
      circulations.

PMID- 13701722
TI  - Communication across scientific disciplines.

PMID- 13701723
TI  - Drugs in tuberculosis control.

PMID- 13701725
TI  - Pheochromocytoma with shock, marked leukocytosis, and unusual electrocardiograms.
      Case report and review of the literature.

PMID- 13701724
TI  - Osborne Allen BRINES.

PMID- 13701726
TI  - Public participation in cancer control.

PMID- 13701727
TI  - The magnetochemistry of some carcinogens and related compounds.

PMID- 13701728
TI  - Use of spectrophotometric evidence for protein-dye binding.

PMID- 13701729
TI  - Action pattern of beta-amylase.

PMID- 13701730
TI  - Determination of starch structure by enzymes.

PMID- 13701731
TI  - Thrombosis of a Hufnagel valve. A case report.

PMID- 13701732
TI  - Chemotherapy studies on transplanted mouse tumors.

PMID- 13701734
TI  - The surgical treatment of epilepsy in 1861.

PMID- 13701733
TI  - Chemotherapy studies on transplanted mouse tumors.

PMID- 13701735
TI  - Phenylketonuria: some observations on reflex activity.

PMID- 13701736
TI  - A predictive test battery.

PMID- 13701737
TI  - Problems raised by the treatment of steatorrhoea with antibacterial drugs.

PMID- 13701738
TI  - Coercive power and forces affecting conformity.

PMID- 13701739
TI  - Cerebral hemispherectomy for intractable seizures ... a long-term followup.

PMID- 13701740
TI  - The rapid production of antisera against attenuated polioviruses.

PMID- 13701741
TI  - Calculations of weapons radiation penetration in air.

PMID- 13701743
TI  - Histopathology of the female mouse reproductive tract infected with ectromelia
      virus.

PMID- 13701742
TI  - The effect of deuterium oxide on ectromelia viral infection.

PMID- 13701744
TI  - [Adapter for tomography].

PMID- 13701745
TI  - [Experimental study of the patch-test in eczema caused by chromates].

PMID- 13701746
TI  - [Hemolytic syndrome in neoplastic diseases of the lymphoreticular system].

PMID- 13701747
TI  - [On the serum properdin in splenectomized animals].

PMID- 13701748
TI  - [Properdin and infection control].

PMID- 13701749
TI  - [On the histology of fibromas and histiocytomas of the skin].

PMID- 13701750
TI  - Some aspects of protein malnutrition in childhood.

PMID- 13701752
TI  - [The importance of endocrinology in pediatric medicine].

PMID- 13701751
TI  - [Report of the activities of the Department of Nutrition and Endocrinology during
      the year 1960].

PMID- 13701753
TI  - Spontaneous development of L forms of streptococci requiring secretions of other
      bacteria or sulphydryl compounds for normal growth.

PMID- 13701755
TI  - Sperm migration and survival in the endometrial cavity.

PMID- 13701754
TI  - [Leukocytic immunology in the Clinic of Internal Diseases].

PMID- 13701756
TI  - Acute leukemia and pregnancy.

PMID- 13701757
TI  - [Contergan--side effects. Central nervous system manifestations and polyneuritic
      symptoms in long-term medication with N-phthalyl glutamic acid imide].

PMID- 13701759
TI  - [The population of Finland according to sanitary-demographic data].

PMID- 13701758
TI  - [The effectiveness of health resort treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus
      in connection with a change in the functional state of the vegetative nervous
      system].

PMID- 13701760
TI  - [On the problem of useful employment of time by hospital patients (from a
      patient's notes)].

PMID- 13701761
TI  - [Some hygienic problems pertaining to the construction, design and sanitary
      arrangement of towns in the 7-year-plan period].

PMID- 13701762
TI  - [2 children with leprosy].

PMID- 13701763
TI  - [Orchitis granulomatosa].

PMID- 13701764
TI  - Plasma fibrinogen in familial Mediterranean fever.

PMID- 13701765
TI  - [On the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis of the extremities].

PMID- 13701766
TI  - In vitro incorporation of amino acids into the proteins of isolated nuclear
      ribosomes.

PMID- 13701767
TI  - Interaction of load, capacity, and resistance in body processes.

PMID- 13701768
TI  - [Contribution to the discussion on the suggestions of the DAB 7 concerning the
      articles on benzoic acid].

PMID- 13701769
TI  - [On the clinical aspects of bronchial cancer].

PMID- 13701770
TI  - [A simple swivel chair model experiment on the problem of coriolis excitation of
      the semicircular canals in head movements during rotation].

PMID- 13701771
TI  - [On the rhinosurgical closure of cerebrospinal fluid fistulae].

PMID- 13701772
TI  - [Pathologico-anatomical and pathologico-physiological basis of positional
      nystagmus].

PMID- 13701773
TI  - [Immunology of rat iso-antigens].

PMID- 13701774
TI  - [The Garonne river at the point Grave in the town La Reole. (Contribution to the
      study of its pollution)].

PMID- 13701775
TI  - [Tuberculosis and disability (in the records of the 12th Social Security
      Region)].

PMID- 13701776
TI  - [On a case of chylothorax in an infant. (Clinical, electrophoretic and
      therapeutic study)].

PMID- 13701777
TI  - [Motion pictures and the teaching of medicine].

PMID- 13701778
TI  - [Indications and results of surgical treatment of dilatations of the bronchi in
      children].

PMID- 13701779
TI  - [New ideas in medicosurgical pneumonology].

PMID- 13701780
TI  - [Tuberculosis in a large French city. A study of morbidity as a function of
      socioeconomic factors].

PMID- 13701781
TI  - [Disabling diseases and social security. Study of the current aspects and
      medicosocial characteristics in the 12th district].

PMID- 13701782
TI  - [Tuberculosis in marriage. Its new aspects in the contemporaneous sociological
      and epidemiological context].

PMID- 13701783
TI  - [Antillean students in France and their problems. A psychosociological study].

PMID- 13701784
TI  - [On the medical vocation].

PMID- 13701785
TI  - Some molecular details of the secondary structure of ribonucleic acid.

PMID- 13701786
TI  - Haemopoiesis and retothelial system.

PMID- 13701787
TI  - On osteomyelosclerosis.

PMID- 13701788
TI  - The morphological determination of the retothelial system and its pathogenetic
      importance.

PMID- 13701789
TI  - [On carcinoma of the cutaneous glands based on an example of carcinoma of the
      sweat glands of the palm of the hand].

PMID- 13701791
TI  - [The retothelial system in its significance for orthology and pathology].

PMID- 13701790
TI  - [Orthology and pathology of heterotopic hemopoiesis].

PMID- 13701792
TI  - [Blood pressure and electrocardiographical changes caused by intravenously
      injected imipramine (tofranil)].

PMID- 13701793
TI  - [Perforated gastroduodenal ulcers in youths. (Clinical contribution)].

PMID- 13701794
TI  - An evaluation of intestinal fluids in the pathogenesis of cholera.

PMID- 13701795
TI  - Paediatric surgery in Norway.

PMID- 13701796
TI  - [Surgery in children].

PMID- 13701797
TI  - Iodine metabolism in surviving thyroid slices from patients with exophthalmic
      goiter.

PMID- 13701798
TI  - [Liver function in patients on long-term treatment with anticoagulants. Frequency
      of clinical and subclinical hepatitis].

PMID- 13701799
TI  - [Essential thrombocythemia. A case with serious anemia and rapid course].

PMID- 13701800
TI  - [On the effects of paraffin-containing packing materials].

PMID- 13701801
TI  - Discussion of Dr. John Bowlby's paper.

PMID- 13701802
TI  - Treatment of reticuloendotheliosis. Use of corticosteroids and antifolic acid
      compounds.

PMID- 13701803
TI  - [Deamination of the digestive products of gliadin by the mucosa of the small
      intestine].

PMID- 13701804
TI  - [Ernst MORO'S theory of infant nutrition disorders].

PMID- 13701805
TI  - [A comparison of the results of objective visual acuity determination by the
      Goldmann and Guenther apparatuses].

PMID- 13701807
TI  - [Mucinosis follicularis. A contribution to its clinical aspects and histology].

PMID- 13701806
TI  - X-ray examination of the colon.

PMID- 13701808
TI  - Reflexions on subsconscious phenomena in stuttering.

PMID- 13701809
TI  - Role of the public health nurse in alcoholic rehabilitation.

PMID- 13701810
TI  - The acute effect of cigarette smoking on the digital circulation in health and
      disease.

PMID- 13701811
TI  - [2 types of picture of homosexuality in men].

PMID- 13701812
TI  - Homosexuality in man and its association with parental relationships.

PMID- 13701813
TI  - [On the problem of "femininity" in male homosexuals].

PMID- 13701814
TI  - Laboratory differential diagnosis of homo- and heterosexuality--an experiment
      with faking.

PMID- 13701815
TI  - [Femininity in the homosexual male and his parental relations].

PMID- 13701816
TI  - [The syndrome of homosexuality in the male].

PMID- 13701817
TI  - Influence of semen on the motility of the uterus in the guinea pig: in-vitro
      studies.

PMID- 13701818
TI  - Leiomyomas of the rectum: a report of five cases.

PMID- 13701819
TI  - Coarctation of aorta in infancy. Analysis of a 10-year experience with medical
      management.

PMID- 13701820
TI  - Inhibitory effect of glucose on tryptophanase.

PMID- 13701821
TI  - Tracheostomy and controlled respiration.

PMID- 13701822
TI  - A rational framework for interpreting the behavioral effects of atmospheric ions.

PMID- 13701823
TI  - Human behavior and atmospheric ions.

PMID- 13701824
TI  - Isolation of Microsporum distortum from two children with ringworm of the scalp.

PMID- 13701825
TI  - The incidence of air-borne fungus in Sydney.

PMID- 13701826
TI  - [Transnasal implantation of a predominantly suprasellar hypophysial tumor with
      yttrium 90 rods].

PMID- 13701827
TI  - [Hypophysial and hypophysial tumor implantation with radioisotopes. (Experiences
      in Zurich 1958-1960)].

PMID- 13701828
TI  - [Indications, technic and limitations of the transnasal implantation of
      radioisotopes in a pituitary tumor].

PMID- 13701829
TI  - [On the clinical aspects and therapy of synovial sarcoma (synovialoma)].

PMID- 13701830
TI  - [On the problem of free tumor cells in the peripheral blood. A survey].

PMID- 13701831
TI  - [Development, after returning to Algeria, of mental disorders contracted in the
      metropolis by Moslem workers].

PMID- 13701832
TI  - The role of placebo response in clinical headache evaluations.

PMID- 13701834
TI  - [Effects of N-1-methylation and/or C-2-sulfuration on the narcotic action,
      toxicity and metabolism of a barbituric acid derivative].

PMID- 13701833
TI  - [Research on the significance of phenobarbital, produced by biotransformation,
      for the anticonvulsant action of pyrimidone].

PMID- 13701835
TI  - [Narcotic action, toxicity and duration of effect of butabarbital and its N
      methyl-, thio- and N-methyl-thio-analogues].

PMID- 13701836
TI  - [On the effect of locally (epicutaneously) applied griseofulvin on experimental
      guinea pig trichophytosis. 2].

PMID- 13701837
TI  - [On the problem of the role of the cerebrospinal nervous system in the
      pathogenesis of contact eczema in the guinea pig].

PMID- 13701838
TI  - A look at job descriptions.

PMID- 13701839
TI  - Experimental and clinical experience with toxiferine (alkaloid of calabash
      curare).

PMID- 13701840
TI  - [Anesthesia and respiration].

PMID- 13701841
TI  - [The significance of halothane in general anesthesia].

PMID- 13701842
TI  - [Chromosomal anomalies and the heredity of acquired color sense disorders].

PMID- 13701843
TI  - [On the problem of vision improvement by antiglare goggles].

PMID- 13701844
TI  - [On narconomia-euphomania].

PMID- 13701845
TI  - [Doping].

PMID- 13701846
TI  - Management of familial hemochromatosis.

PMID- 13701847
TI  - [Lymphoplasmocytic aplasia in infants with alymphocytosis and
      hypogammaglobulinemia].

PMID- 13701848
TI  - [The Refsum syndrome].

PMID- 13701849
TI  - [Idiopathic hyperglycinemia].

PMID- 13701850
TI  - [Juvenile familial nephronophthisis].

PMID- 13701851
TI  - [Problems raised by the diagnosis and management of urinary infections].

PMID- 13701852
TI  - [On late skeletal changes seldom observed on x-ray after a suicide attempt with
      high voltage current].

PMID- 13701853
TI  - [On physiological and pathological skeletal variations of the fabella with
      reference to its presence in the medial head prominence of the gastrocnemius].

PMID- 13701854
TI  - [On the roentgenological demonstration of cysticercosis of the brain].

PMID- 13701855
TI  - [Roentgenological observation of limy bile containing calculi].

PMID- 13701856
TI  - Loss of ejaculation during mellaril treatment.

PMID- 13701857
TI  - Prolonged corticosteroid therapy of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and the closely
      allied malignant lymphomas.

PMID- 13701858
TI  - [Practical experiences from a thyroid consulting hour].

PMID- 13701859
TI  - [Quantitative measurement of the resonance of lung tissue. II. Absorption
      relationships of normal and pathologically modified tissue].

PMID- 13701860
TI  - [Nutrition and goiter].

PMID- 13701861
TI  - [Quantitative measurement of the resonance absorption of lung tissue. I.
      Apparative structure and experimental method].

PMID- 13701862
TI  - [Development of various phosphatides of the brain in the course of postnatal
      growth in the rat].

PMID- 13701863
TI  - [On the problem of organ perfusion with cytostatics].

PMID- 13701864
TI  - [A contribution to the problem of the blood-sucking of mosquitoes].

PMID- 13701865
TI  - [Some meterological data from southern Tanganyika].

PMID- 13701866
TI  - [Congenital absence of beta-lipoproteins: study of fat absorption after
      exsanguinotransfusion measuring the half-life of injected beta-lipoproteins].

PMID- 13701867
TI  - [Celiac disease].

PMID- 13701868
TI  - [Some aspects of child pathology of genetic origin].

PMID- 13701869
TI  - [Favism and anemia caused by sensitivity to primaquine].

PMID- 13701870
TI  - [Primary interstitial pulmonary fibrosis in the child].

PMID- 13701871
TI  - [Recent data on intersexuality].

PMID- 13701872
TI  - [Apropos of the "fasciculus aberrans" of the ventral commissure of the brain
      diprotodont marsupials].

PMID- 13701873
TI  - [Apropos of the reduction of the premolars in some mammals].

PMID- 13701874
TI  - [On the anatomical character of the jugal teeth of the Castoridae in Europe].

PMID- 13701875
TI  - [On the interpretation of the premolars in insectivores and primates].

PMID- 13701876
TI  - [The brain of the Cephalophus. A stage in its developmet].

PMID- 13701877
TI  - [The development of human Meckel's cartilage to the end of the sixth month of
      fetal life].

PMID- 13701878
TI  - [Note on protection against gamma rays from radium].

PMID- 13701879
TI  - [The pattern of the carotid sphygmogram in arteriosclerosis. Preliminary study].

PMID- 13701880
TI  - [Survey of noise levels in the Swedish industry].

PMID- 13701881
TI  - Resorption of mercuric chloride and methyl mercury dicyandiamide in guinea-pigs
      through normal skin and through skin pretreated with acetone, alkylaryl
      sulphonate and soap.

PMID- 13701882
TI  - [Air pollution].

PMID- 13701883
TI  - [Is curettage necessary in involuntary abortion?].

PMID- 13701884
TI  - [Application of immuno-fluorescence to the serological diagnosis of syphilis].

PMID- 13701885
TI  - [The Darchen test on the formation of beeswax. Attempted quantification].

PMID- 13701886
TI  - [Research with I 131-labelled gamma-globupin on the problem of the origin of
      cerebrospinal fluid proteins].

PMID- 13701888
TI  - A study of complications in the surgical and radiation therapy of cancer of the
      cervix.

PMID- 13701887
TI  - [Immunological research on the identification of various cerebrospinal fluid
      proteins].

PMID- 13701889
TI  - Drug therapy in gynecological cancer.

PMID- 13701890
TI  - [Combined malformation of kidney and seminal vesicle: production of a typical
      syndrome].

PMID- 13701891
TI  - Coarctation of the aorta. Clinical features.

PMID- 13701892
TI  - Coarctation of the aorta. A study based on 110 patients.

PMID- 13701894
TI  - [Anthropometric evaluation of patients with aortic coarctation].

PMID- 13701893
TI  - The flicker fusion threshold and its response to nitroglycerin in hypertension
      and in coarctation of the aorta.

PMID- 13701895
TI  - 5-hydroxytryptamine and antidiuresis after operation.

PMID- 13701896
TI  - 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid excretion after pneumonectomy. An approach to the
      pulmonary destruction of 5-hydroxytryptamine.

PMID- 13701897
TI  - [Fatal pancytopenia after treatment of polycythemia vera with myleran].

PMID- 13701898
TI  - [On the differential diagnosis of polycythemia].

PMID- 13701899
TI  - [Report of technical discussions on the technical, administrative, legal and
      financial aspects of garbage and trash disposal].

PMID- 13701900
TI  - [On the problem of speech audiometry of dialect-speaking German-Swiss].

PMID- 13701901
TI  - [Histogenic activity of substances secreted by transitional epithelium].

PMID- 13701902
TI  - Pathways of glucose metabolism in fertilized rabbit ova at various pre
      implantation stages.

PMID- 13701903
TI  - [On the roentgenographic picture of small and minute pulmonary vessels].

PMID- 13701904
TI  - [Role of osteoarthrosis in the development of hallux valgus].

PMID- 13701905
TI  - [Static deformity of the foot in adults and children].

PMID- 13701906
TI  - [Medicamentous poisoning in the course of treatment of epilepsy in children and
      measures of preventing it].

PMID- 13701908
TI  - [The significance of tomographic study in the diagnosis of tumors of the
      maxilla].

PMID- 13701907
TI  - [On Takayasu's disease (pulseless disease)].

PMID- 13701909
TI  - [The content of vitamin A and carotene in the blood in nephropathies in
      children].

PMID- 13701911
TI  - Why lay advisors?

PMID- 13701910
TI  - [The current status of the problem of the use of ultrasonics in ophthalmology
      (review of foreign literature)].

PMID- 13701912
TI  - Detection of free radicals generated during enzymic oxidations by the initiation
      of sulfite oxidation.

PMID- 13701913
TI  - [Changes in the blood caused by the materials used in extracorporeal
      circulation].

PMID- 13701915
TI  - [Allergic asthma in gold-treated guinea pigs].

PMID- 13701914
TI  - [On the pharmacology of sultan compounds].

PMID- 13701916
TI  - [Clinical tests of fluphenazine].

PMID- 13701917
TI  - Correction of spastic equinovarus deformity in elderly hemiplegics by tenotomies.

PMID- 13701918
TI  - Determination of alpha-glycerophosphate oxidation with tetrazolium.

PMID- 13701919
TI  - Effect of chelating agent administration on the removal of monomeric and
      polymeric thorium.

PMID- 13701920
TI  - [Considerations on the problem of Caplan's syndrome].

PMID- 13701922
TI  - [Management of x-ray films and contrast materials].

PMID- 13701921
TI  - [A system of card indexes of roentgen findings using the decimal system].

PMID- 13701923
TI  - [Osseous pseudotumors].

PMID- 13701924
TI  - [Pseudotumors of the bone].

PMID- 13701925
TI  - [Troell-Junet syndrome].

PMID- 13701926
TI  - Sociocultural factors in mental health and illness.

PMID- 13701927
TI  - Comparative studies of partial hydrolysates of Bence-Jones proteins.

PMID- 13701928
TI  - [The chemical structure and diuretic effect of saluretic sulfonamides].

PMID- 13701929
TI  - Study of baoterial endocarditis. Comparisons in ninety-five cases.

PMID- 13701930
TI  - "Nonspecific" ST and T-wave changes.

PMID- 13701931
TI  - Cardiogenic shock in acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 13701932
TI  - Treatment of heart failure with emphasis on the use of diuretics.

PMID- 13701933
TI  - Normal microscopic structure of the kidney as related to function.

PMID- 13701934
TI  - [Quantitative research on the elimination of dust from the lung and its
      susceptibility in animal experiments].

PMID- 13701935
TI  - Laryngeal carcinoma simulating benign growth.

PMID- 13701936
TI  - The characteristics of the peripheral transport of C14-labeled palmitic acid.

PMID- 13701937
TI  - [Normal and pathological changes of electrolyte metabolism after gynecological
      operations].

PMID- 13701938
TI  - [Research on the causes of postoperative water-electrolyte retention].

PMID- 13701939
TI  - [Research on the causes of postoperative water-electrolyte retention].

PMID- 13701940
TI  - [The causes of postoperative water and electrolyte retention].

PMID- 13701941
TI  - [Research on adiuretin in the blood and urine during and after operations].

PMID- 13701942
TI  - [Diuretics in obstetrics].

PMID- 13701943
TI  - Kidney function in normal pregnancy and in pregnancy toxicosis

PMID- 13701944
TI  - [Liver function in pregnancy].

PMID- 13701945
TI  - Symptomatic pulmonary disease in arc welders.

PMID- 13701946
TI  - Idiopathic nonarteriosclerotic calcification of cerebral vessels. Fahr's disease-
      a clinical and histochemical study.

PMID- 13701947
TI  - Mitochondria and mitochondrial enzymes. A comparative study of localization in
      the cat's brain stem.

PMID- 13701948
TI  - A comparative study of cytoarchitectonics and chemoarchitectonics of the cerebral
      cortex of the guinea pig.

PMID- 13701949
TI  - Experimental concussion acceleration. Pathology and mechanics.

PMID- 13701950
TI  - Histochemical investigations on succinic dehydrogenase in the central nervous
      system. V. The diencephalon and basal telencephalic centres of the guinea pig.

PMID- 13701951
TI  - Surface structures of the aqueduct and the ventricular walls: a morphologic,
      comparative and histochemical study.

PMID- 13701952
TI  - [Bronchoscopic examination of the lungs].

PMID- 13701953
TI  - [On the determination of ammonium in the blood].

PMID- 13701954
TI  - Surgical treatment of cancer of the cervix recurring after primary irradiation
      therapy.

PMID- 13701955
TI  - Late manifestation of cancer of the cervix after irradiation therapy. Report of
      two cases.

PMID- 13701956
TI  - The spread of cancer of the uterine cervix as seen in giant histological
      sections.

PMID- 13701957
TI  - Growth curves of human cancer transplants during experimental chemotherapy.

PMID- 13701958
TI  - A new device for laminagraphy.

PMID- 13701959
TI  - Coenzyme binding, observed by fluorescence enhancement, apparently unrelated to
      the enzymic activity of glutamic dehydrogenase.

PMID- 13701960
TI  - Inhibition of tryptophan pyrrolase by serotonin, epinephrine and tryptophan
      analogs.

PMID- 13701961
TI  - On the anomalous activity mf thyroxin analogs in tadpoles.
AB  - The abnormally high thyroxin-like activity of certain thyroxin analogs is due to
      the use of the unique test route of immersion. When thyroxin, triiodothyronine,
      and their propionic and acetic acid analogs are tested by injection into the
      tadpole, their activities are more comparable to activity levels established in
      rat and man.

PMID- 13701962
TI  - The effects of steroid hormones upon amino acid incorporation into mouse kidney
      homogenates.

PMID- 13701964
TI  - Essential iris atrophy.

PMID- 13701963
TI  - Non-steroid ovarian hormones. IV. Fractionation of relaxin preparations upon DEAE
      cellulose.

PMID- 13701965
TI  - The radiographic findings in neurogenic bladder.

PMID- 13701966
TI  - [Fibrosarcoma of the dura simulating ulcerative carcinoma of the scalp].

PMID- 13701967
TI  - [Erythropoietin. (Research on a substance increasing erythropoies is in blood
      diseases)].

PMID- 13701968
TI  - [The influence of the spleen on the course of experimental hemolysis in rabbits].

PMID- 13701969
TI  - Geriatrics, medicine, and rehabilitation.

PMID- 13701970
TI  - [Antimitotic effects of dithia-arsa compounds].

PMID- 13701971
TI  - The effect of chlorpromazine on the variability of motor task performance in
      schizophrenics.

PMID- 13701973
TI  - Studies on larval Fascioloides magna. I. Observations on the survival of rediae
      in vitro.

PMID- 13701972
TI  - [Causes and prevention possibilities of traffic accidents].

PMID- 13701974
TI  - Studies on larval Fascioloides magna. II. In vitro survival of axenic rediae in
      amino acids and sugars.

PMID- 13701975
TI  - The surgical treatment of acute volvulus of the megasigmoid by primary resection.

PMID- 13701976
TI  - Parenteral steroids in the management of acute allergic states.

PMID- 13701977
TI  - [Phono-mechano-cardiographic study of patients with old myocardial infarct].

PMID- 13701978
TI  - A rapid enzymic determination of L-lactic acid.

PMID- 13701979
TI  - Hyperinsulinism in pancreatic or biliary and gastrointestinal tract disease. A
      clinicopathologic survey among Veterans Administration Hospital patients.

PMID- 13701980
TI  - The anxiety syndrome.

PMID- 13701981
TI  - Demerol as an EEG "activating" agent.

PMID- 13701982
TI  - Continuous caudal analgesia and anesthesia in obstetrics. A critical evaluation
      of 510 consecutive cases.

PMID- 13701983
TI  - [The Israel Historical Society for Medicine and the Natural Sciences].

PMID- 13701985
TI  - Small bowel biopsy.

PMID- 13701984
TI  - Pancreatic function in portal cirrhosis.

PMID- 13701986
TI  - Facial pain.

PMID- 13701987
TI  - Evaluation of UML-491 in the treatment of vascular headaches. An analysis of the
      effects of 1-methyl-D-lysergic acid (plus) butanolamide bimaleate (methysergide).

PMID- 13701988
TI  - Headache. Pharmacological approach to treatment.
AB  - The great majority of headaches a physician treats in office practice can be
      divided into two main categories, muscular contraction headache of tension type
      and vascular headaches of the migraine type. The most satisfactory symptomatic
      therapy for tension headache is by the use of a nonnarcotic analgesic agent
      combined with a tranquilizer or sedative. On the other hand, symptomatic relief
      of migraine is best obtained by the use of a suppository of ergotamine tartrate
      and caffeine combined with an antiemetic or antispasmodic. Interval treatment of
      patients with tension and migraine headache centers on helping the patient
      understand his emotional problems. Prophylactic drug therapy for patients with
      tension headache includes the limited use of tranquilizers and sedatives.
      Recently, striking benefits in some patients with migraine have been achieved by
      the prophylactic use of the antiserotonin drug methysergide (UML 491).

PMID- 13701990
TI  - Headache: mechanism, diagnosis, and treatment.

PMID- 13701989
TI  - Headache: mechanism, diagnosis, and treatment.

PMID- 13701991
TI  - Pharmacological approach to the treatment of headache.

PMID- 13701992
TI  - Post-traumatic headache: its basic mechanisms and character.

PMID- 13701993
TI  - Group psychotherapy in the treatment of the Medea complex.

PMID- 13701995
TI  - Lymphosarcoma of the skull.

PMID- 13701994
TI  - Enzyme catalyzed exchange of 1-C-14-propionyl CoA and methylmalonyl CoA.

PMID- 13701996
TI  - Transcorneal potential in vivo.

PMID- 13701997
TI  - Individual therapy with a "defective delinquent".

PMID- 13701998
TI  - The conflict in nomenclature for descensus uteri.

PMID- 13701999
TI  - Tissue transplantation.

PMID- 13702000
TI  - Dysfunctional labor. I. Prolonged latent phase in the nullipara.

PMID- 13702001
TI  - Dysfunctional labor. II. Protracted active-phase dilatation in the nullipara.

PMID- 13702002
TI  - The statistical approach to the study of clinical phenomena.

PMID- 13702003
TI  - Transplantation in the Soviet Union.

PMID- 13702004
TI  - Conceptual thinking in schizophrenic children.

PMID- 13702005
TI  - Are your bed rails up or down?

PMID- 13702006
TI  - Immunologic unresponsiveness in mice following neonatal exposure to Shigella
      antigens.

PMID- 13702007
TI  - Clinical experience with medrol medules: a new long acting oral corticosteroid
      preparation.

PMID- 13702008
TI  - Educational and administrative problems.

PMID- 13702010
TI  - Postoperative hemorrhagic diatheses.

PMID- 13702009
TI  - Hereditary labile factor (factor V) deficiency.

PMID- 13702011
TI  - Effects of the Ivalon sponge procedure on extra-coronary blood flow: an
      experimental evaluation.

PMID- 13702012
TI  - Penetration of corneal opacities by infrared electronics.

PMID- 13702013
TI  - An unusual central nervous system complication of perphenazine. (A case report).

PMID- 13702014
TI  - Mesenteric circulation in hemorrhagic shock.

PMID- 13702015
TI  - Splanchnic blood volume in traumatic shock.

PMID- 13702016
TI  - The question of immunity in ringworm infections.

PMID- 13702017
TI  - Oral griseofulvin in superficial fungal diseases of the skin. II. Treatment of
      fungal conditions with griseofulvin, scientific background.

PMID- 13702018
TI  - Employment of polyethylene tubing for production of intra-arterial thrombi in
      rabbits and rats.

PMID- 13702019
TI  - Experimental production of intra-arterial and intravenous thrombi in the rabbit
      and rat.

PMID- 13702020
TI  - Effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine on lipid metabolism of the rat.

PMID- 13702021
TI  - Experimental thrombo-atherosclerosis.

PMID- 13702022
TI  - Irradiation of liposarcoma.

PMID- 13702023
TI  - Clinical coronary artery disease.

PMID- 13702024
TI  - The clinical use of polyvinyl sponge (ivalon) in the repair of oesophageal hiatus
      hernia.

PMID- 13702025
TI  - On the nature of regression in aphasia.

PMID- 13702026
TI  - Variations of enzyme activities during normal pregnancy.

PMID- 13702027
TI  - Certain effects of irradiation, nitrogen mustard, urethane and colchicine on the
      testis.

PMID- 13702028
TI  - Holocardius acephalus: a case report.

PMID- 13702030
TI  - Inhibition of trehalase-activity in the hemolymph of Phormia regina Meig.

PMID- 13702031
TI  - Accelerated appearance of DCA hypertension in rats treated with pitressin.

PMID- 13702029
TI  - The effect of aminomethylpteroylglutamic acid on the development of skin
      hypersensitivity and on antibody formation in guinea pigs.
AB  - 1. In guinea pigs, aminomethylpteroylglutamic acid (methotrexate) is capable of
      blocking the development of delayed skin hypersensitivity, the primary antibody
      response, and the specific febrile response to ovalbumin and diphtheria toxoid.
      The primary antibody response is more easily inhibited than is the development of
      delayed skin hypersensitivity. 2. The effect of methotrexate on immunologic
      responses depended upon the dose of methotrexate employed and the strength of the
      antigenic stimulus.

PMID- 13702032
TI  - The use of ion-specific glasses in biological systems.

PMID- 13702033
TI  - Additive extrarenal effects of small doses of Pitressin and DCA or aldosterone.

PMID- 13702034
TI  - Effects of vasopressin on sodium, potassium and water distribution in rat
      gastrocnemius muscle.

PMID- 13702035
TI  - Cationic exchange and control of blood pressure.

PMID- 13702036
TI  - Dental service at a medical center.

PMID- 13702037
TI  - Familial retinal detachment.

PMID- 13702039
TI  - [Experimental contribution to the problem of autoimmunization to erythrocytes.
      III].

PMID- 13702038
TI  - [On the problem of increased hemolysis in leukemia].

PMID- 13702040
TI  - [Experimental contribution to the problem of autoimmunization to erythrocytes.
      II].

PMID- 13702041
TI  - [Experimental contribution to the problem of the aggressivity of autoantibodies
      against red blood cells].

PMID- 13702042
TI  - [Experimental contribution to the problem of autoimmunization to erythrocytes.
      I].

PMID- 13702043
TI  - Simple rupture of the brachial artery, sustained in elbow dislocation.

PMID- 13702044
TI  - [Intrasellar cerebrospinal fluid cysts].

PMID- 13702045
TI  - The effect of ototoxic antibiotics and of penicillin on the sensory areas of the
      isolated fowl embryo otocyst in organ cultures: an electron-microscope study.

PMID- 13702046
TI  - Attachment zones of cells in organ cultures of the isolated fowl embryo otocyst.

PMID- 13702047
TI  - Simultaneous analysis of mother and child.

PMID- 13702049
TI  - [Proposals for DAB 7. 7. Alkali halogenides II].

PMID- 13702048
TI  - [Caudal analgesia in obstetrics].

PMID- 13702050
TI  - [Paper chromatographic separation of furochromone from Ammi visnaga L. on
      polyamide impregnated paper].

PMID- 13702051
TI  - [Basis for the formation of medical care in the People's Republic of Germany
      until 1980].

PMID- 13702052
TI  - [Hormonal therapy of breast cancer].

PMID- 13702053
TI  - [Partial chemical synthesis and biological properties of some alkanolamine
      analogs of vitamin B-12].

PMID- 13702054
TI  - [Partial chemical synthesis and biological properties of B-12 factors IIIm and A
      with DL-1-amino-2-propanol as a building unit].

PMID- 13702055
TI  - [Report on experiences with sensitivity tests with Kanamytrex. II. Sensitivity
      tests with Kanamytrex platelets of 10 or 30 gamma].

PMID- 13702056
TI  - The place of surgery in the treatment of complications of the primary varicose
      veins of the lower limbs.

PMID- 13702057
TI  - [Colectomy for cancer of the descending colon followed 5 years later by colectomy
      for cancers of the transverse colon and ascending colon].

PMID- 13702058
TI  - [On the hemodynamics of the lesser circulation in silicosis].

PMID- 13702059
TI  - [The normal alveolar-arterial PO2 gradient at rest and during exercise].

PMID- 13702060
TI  - Tumor formation with transplants of spleen or liver from mice with virus-induced
      leukemia.

PMID- 13702061
TI  - The effect of dietary protein deficiency on transport of vitamin A in the blood
      and its storage in the liver.

PMID- 13702062
TI  - Relative erythrocythemia (polycythemia) and polycystic kidney disease, with
      uremia. Report of a case, with comments on frequency of occurrence.

PMID- 13702063
TI  - Current concepts in the therapy. Tranquilizers. III. Meprobamate, phenaglycodol
      and chlordiazepoxide.

PMID- 13702064
TI  - Iodide therapy and the importance of quantitating the dose.

PMID- 13702065
TI  - Method for evaluating antipruritic agents. Studies on methdilazine.

PMID- 13702066
TI  - Sedative hypnotics.

PMID- 13702068
TI  - ["Tubule-interstitial" nephritis. Apropos of 26 anatomical cases].

PMID- 13702067
TI  - Some useful principles and practices for modern drug therapy.

PMID- 13702069
TI  - Studies on bovine portal blood. II. Blood flow determinations with observations
      on hemodilution in the portal vein.

PMID- 13702071
TI  - [Postmaturity in pregnancy and its therapeutic consequences].

PMID- 13702070
TI  - Anaphylactoid allergic reactions to influenza and poliomyelitis vaccines.

PMID- 13702072
TI  - [Prolonged pregnancy and its therapeutic consequences].

PMID- 13702073
TI  - [Congenital vaginal abnormalities in an anatomically and functionally normal
      uterus].

PMID- 13702074
TI  - Vitamin requirements of Nemalion multifidum.

PMID- 13702075
TI  - [On the process of metastasis of malignant tumors of the jaws].

PMID- 13702076
TI  - [Fatal poisonings with mikanol R].

PMID- 13702077
TI  - [First experiences with Alupent in the treatment of atrioventricular conduction
      disorders of the heart].

PMID- 13702078
TI  - Placenta previa accreta: review of the literature and report of a case.

PMID- 13702079
TI  - Progress in obstetrics and gynecology, 1960.

PMID- 13702080
TI  - A study of gastric emptying after gastric operations in patients: the beneficial
      effect of preservation of the pylorus.

PMID- 13702081
TI  - [Neuro-muscular inhibitory substances: psychic or somatic effect?].

PMID- 13702082
TI  - [On the colorimetric equivalents of C-19 steroids and bismuthate-oxidized C-21
      steroids in various modifications of the Zimmermann reaction].

PMID- 13702083
TI  - Further toxicologic properties of aromatic esters in the tropine and psi-tropine
      series.

PMID- 13702084
TI  - Some toxicologic properties of the alkaloids galanthamine and securinine.

PMID- 13702085
TI  - Toxicologic properties and stereochemical configuration in derivatives of the
      tropanol series.

PMID- 13702086
TI  - Some pharmacologic properties of holothurin A, a glycosidic mixture from the sea
      cucumber.

PMID- 13702087
TI  - [Residues of lindane in flour].

PMID- 13702088
TI  - [Retropubic prostatectomy].

PMID- 13702089
TI  - [Cysts of Nuck's canal].

PMID- 13702090
TI  - [Bacteriophage typing of strains of Staphylococcus aureus in our area].

PMID- 13702091
TI  - [Observations on the different sensitivity to antibiotics of staphylococci
      originating in the capital in the interior of the country].

PMID- 13702092
TI  - [2 years' experience with surgery for heart arrest].

PMID- 13702093
TI  - [Acute and subacute glomerulonephritis in the aged. Its treatment by intravenous
      procaine].

PMID- 13702094
TI  - The mechanism of reduction of erythrocyte lifetime in phenacetin habitues with
      renal impairment.

PMID- 13702095
TI  - The in vitro uptake by human erythrocytes of labelled L-triiodothyronine in cases
      of chronic bronchitis with carbon dioxide retention and renal insufficiency.

PMID- 13702096
TI  - [In vitro uptake of labelled 1-triiodothyronine by human erythrocytes in chronic
      bronchitis with CO2 retention and in renal insufficiency].

PMID- 13702097
TI  - Phosphate clearance and tubular reabsorption of phosphate in patients with
      hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism.

PMID- 13702098
TI  - Phosphate clearance and tubular reabsorption of phosphate in patients with
      parathyroid disorders and renal failure.

PMID- 13702100
TI  - [On the value of the psychological experiment].

PMID- 13702099
TI  - Body water compartments in children: changes during growth and related changes in
      body composition.

PMID- 13702101
TI  - [Steer-horn stomach, stomach tonus and tension of the abdominal wall].

PMID- 13702102
TI  - [Esophagus dilatation in cardiospasm and cardial carcinoma].

PMID- 13702103
TI  - [The features of and indication for some new bile contrast media. 3].

PMID- 13702104
TI  - Normal variations of the left kidney. An anatomical and radiologic study.

PMID- 13702105
TI  - Radiology in tumours of the pancreas.

PMID- 13702106
TI  - [Non-specificity of hypostasis reactions and their dependence on linear
      colloids].

PMID- 13702107
TI  - [Quality differences in serum gelines and fibrinogen, demonstrated and measured
      by differential blood sedimentation at various temperatures].

PMID- 13702108
TI  - [An isotope dilution method for the simultaneous measurement of cardiac time
      volume and coronary circulation].

PMID- 13702109
TI  - [The enzymatic hydrogenation of simple quinones by liver extracts from normal
      rats and rats on flavin-free diets].

PMID- 13702110
TI  - [The hydration 2,5-bis-n-propoxy-3,6-bisethylaminobenzoquinone (1,4) (Bayer E 39)
      in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells].

PMID- 13702111
TI  - [The quinone structure as a biological and pharmaceutical principle of action.
      II].

PMID- 13702112
TI  - [The quinone structure as a principle of biological and pharmacological action.
      (I)].

PMID- 13702114
TI  - The disulfide of L-cysteine and L-homocysteine in urine of patients with
      cystinuria.

PMID- 13702113
TI  - Conjugated amino acids in plasma of patients with uremia.

PMID- 13702115
TI  - [On 88 subcutaneous Achilles tendon ruptures in sports].

PMID- 13702116
TI  - [Pylorospasm and urinary tract infection].

PMID- 13702118
TI  - A detachable curtain-rail.

PMID- 13702117
TI  - Schistosomiasis and urinary beta-glucuronidase activity.

PMID- 13702119
TI  - A note on radiation treatment in relation to performance on certain tests.

PMID- 13702120
TI  - Synthesis of protein and DNA in Escherichia coli treated with 5
      bromodeoxyuridine.

PMID- 13702121
TI  - Wonders of the insect world.

PMID- 13702122
TI  - [On heart size determination in heart diseases].

PMID- 13702123
TI  - Chemical composition of partially purified alfalfa mosaic virus.

PMID- 13702124
TI  - [On the influence of prolonged cholinesterase inhibition on the results of
      various studies of portal and hepatic blood circulation].

PMID- 13702125
TI  - [Studies on the saluretic effect of a sulfonamide derivative].

PMID- 13702126
TI  - [Measurement of local and personal dosage in telegammatherapy].

PMID- 13702127
TI  - [On the technic of direct field control exposures with the telecobalt therapy
      unit].

PMID- 13702128
TI  - [Changes of pelvic inlet complications, as shown in the roentgenogram].

PMID- 13702130
TI  - [Our experiences with grid irradiation of gynecological carcinoma].

PMID- 13702129
TI  - [Extrauterine pregnancy].

PMID- 13702131
TI  - [Dimethoxyphenyl penicillin. In vitro activity. Studies on blood concentration
      with and without action of probenecid].

PMID- 13702132
TI  - [25 years of chemotherapy with antibiotics and sulfonamides. Past and future].

PMID- 13702133
TI  - The White House Conference on Aging.

PMID- 13702134
TI  - Some clinical experiences with guanethidine, a new hypotensive agent.

PMID- 13702135
TI  - [Study of the mechanism of action of hydrochlorothiazide in arterial
      hypertension. Role of hypokaliemia].

PMID- 13702136
TI  - [Polyvitamin therapy].

PMID- 13702137
TI  - [The diet in renal lithiasis and gout].

PMID- 13702138
TI  - A five-year follow-up study of renal tuberculosis treated chemotherapeutically.

PMID- 13702139
TI  - [Vagotomy in peptic ulcer].

PMID- 13702141
TI  - [Findings in directed exploratory excisions of the cervix].

PMID- 13702140
TI  - [On the surgical treatment of pancreatic calculus].

PMID- 13702142
TI  - [Histochemical findings in the rat kidney in over-dosage of parathormone and AT
      10 (dihydrotachysterol)].

PMID- 13702143
TI  - [The fundus oculi in diabetes].

PMID- 13702144
TI  - [Considerations on the diagnostic problem of recurring abdominal colic in
      children].

PMID- 13702145
TI  - Estimation of pulmonary arteriovenous shunt-flow using intravenous injections of
      T-1824 dye and Kr85.

PMID- 13702146
TI  - Estimation of flow through bronchial-pulmonary vascular anastomoses with use of T
      1824 dye.

PMID- 13702147
TI  - Oxygen consumption of tissues in the human lung.
AB  - A method for estimating the metabolic rate of the human pulmonary tissues is
      described. Six patients with far advanced pulmonary tuberculosis showed an
      average rate of 12 percent of the total oxygen consumption. A method for
      measuring the right ventricular output with an inert gas is also outlined, and
      the use of this approach to minimize errors in the estimation of the tissue
      metabolic rate is described.

PMID- 13702149
TI  - [Attempted clinical estimation of retinal blood flow by the observation of the
      phlebostatic pressure increase. Modifications in myopia and glaucoma].

PMID- 13702148
TI  - Clinical implications of cyanosis.

PMID- 13702150
TI  - [On the diagnosis and treatment of tropical liver abscesses. 56 cases, treated in
      the years of 1953-1960].

PMID- 13702151
TI  - [Dosage measurement as a principle in the use of cobalt 60 pearls].

PMID- 13702152
TI  - Pulmonary ventilation (Becklake's index) in renal failure with special reference
      to overhydrated patients with "fluid lung".

PMID- 13702153
TI  - [On haptoglobin frequencies in the area of Halle a. d. Saale].

PMID- 13702154
TI  - [Experiences with the Soviet cobalt unit].

PMID- 13702155
TI  - Effects of glucose on palmitate esterification by isolated rat diaphragms.

PMID- 13702156
TI  - Factors influencing the rates of long-chain fatty acid oxidation and synthesis in
      mammalian systems.

PMID- 13702157
TI  - [Operative treatment of traumatic crooked nose].

PMID- 13702159
TI  - [Indication for therapy with the artificial kidney].

PMID- 13702158
TI  - [Acute occupational dichromate poisoning and its treatment].

PMID- 13702160
TI  - [Roentgenological bases for kidney biopsy].

PMID- 13702161
TI  - A clinic to St. Mary's.

PMID- 13702162
TI  - Surgical cure of chronically discharging ear previously subjected to
      mastoidectomy.

PMID- 13702163
TI  - The relationship of mucocele of the appendix to "pseudomyxoma peritonei". What is
      its relationship to malignancy?

PMID- 13702164
TI  - [Biological effectiveness of 30-MeV electrons in relation to tissue depth and in
      comparison with 180-keV and 31-MeV photons. I. Lethality test on 1-hour-old
      Drosophilia embryos].

PMID- 13702165
TI  - [Chromosome mutation and the pathogenesis of cancer].

PMID- 13702166
TI  - [Quartz dust and resistance. Properdin titer and serum bactericidal properties of
      rats under the influence of inhaled dust].

PMID- 13702168
TI  - [Silicosis].

PMID- 13702167
TI  - [On the effect of bacterial pyrogens in intravenous and intrathecal injection].

PMID- 13702169
TI  - [The artificial respiration center in the Krankenhaus Dresden-Neustadt].

PMID- 13702170
TI  - [Enhancement of a tumor-ulcer cure by a protein-free extract from calf's blood].

PMID- 13702171
TI  - [On the physiology of fertilization].

PMID- 13702172
TI  - [Observations on thoracic forms of tularemia in Russia].

PMID- 13702173
TI  - [Primary carcinoma of the skin in pregnancy].

PMID- 13702174
TI  - Hiatal hernia as a complication of the Heller operation.

PMID- 13702175
TI  - The surgical management of hiatal hernia.

PMID- 13702176
TI  - Acoustic investigation of newborn infants.

PMID- 13702177
TI  - On the relief of bronchospasm and the induction of alveolar hyperventilation: a
      comparative study of nebulized bronchodilators by deep breathing and intermittent
      positive pressure.

PMID- 13702178
TI  - Ventilatory response of SCUBA divers to CO2 inhalations.

PMID- 13702179
TI  - [The roll of thoracoplasty in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13702180
TI  - [Old and new sweetening agents in the changing times].

PMID- 13702181
TI  - [The action of phenol oxidase on substrate mixtures of naturally occurring
      phenols. 18. On the enzymatic and non-enzymatic oxidation of therapeutically
      active plant substances].

PMID- 13702182
TI  - [The effect of anesthesia and hypothermia on the glomerogenic and centrogenic
      drive of respiration].

PMID- 13702183
TI  - [The effect of glucagons on adipose tissue].

PMID- 13702184
TI  - Is handedness organic or functional in nature?

PMID- 13702185
TI  - Some logopedic therapeutic suggestions.

PMID- 13702186
TI  - Problems involved in the purification of antihapten antibodies by the use of
      stroma-hapten confugates.

PMID- 13702187
TI  - [The therapy of functional bleeding with new gestagens].

PMID- 13702188
TI  - [Maternal mortality during labor in the past 20 years. (A statistical report from
      the I. Universitaets-Frauenklinik Wien and the whole of Austria].

PMID- 13702189
TI  - [Maternal perinatal mortality in Austria].

PMID- 13702190
TI  - [Treatment of threatened abortion with an estrogen-gestagen depot mixture in
      combination with chorionic gonadotropin].

PMID- 13702191
TI  - Hemodynamic alterations due to Salmonella typhosa endotoxin with special
      reference to the coronary vascular bed.

PMID- 13702192
TI  - The Pickwickian syndrome.

PMID- 13702193
TI  - The physician and the pharmaceutical industry in the United States.

PMID- 13702194
TI  - [Defining the characteristics of the secretion of the gastrointestinal tract by a
      simple electrophoretic method].

PMID- 13702195
TI  - Steps toward the isolation of a serum factor in schizophrenia.

PMID- 13702196
TI  - Biochemical identification of schizophrenia.

PMID- 13702197
TI  - [Essential viewpoints for surgery of ozena].

PMID- 13702198
TI  - [Effect of antibiotics and sulfonamides on the excretion of intestinal enzymes
      with feces].

PMID- 13702199
TI  - [On disorders of function of the large intestine in peptic ulcer and chronic
      gastritis].

PMID- 13702200
TI  - [On the effect of pantothenic acid on gastric secretion and acidity].

PMID- 13702202
TI  - [On the relationship between reflex changes in the systemic and local blood
      circulation].

PMID- 13702201
TI  - [On the mechanism of change in the chemoreceptors of the blood vessels in reflex
      adaptation].

PMID- 13702203
TI  - [On the specificity of reflexes to the cardiovascular system].

PMID- 13702204
TI  - Studies on dosage in prophylactic coumarine treatment of patients with coronary
      occlusion.

PMID- 13702205
TI  - The effect of x-irradiation on various mouse strains due to their genetic
      background. I. Lethality after acute irradiation.

PMID- 13702206
TI  - What's new in food service equipment.

PMID- 13702207
TI  - [Local anesthesia with potentiation in hospital conditions].

PMID- 13702208
TI  - [Klippel-Feil type of congenital anomaly of the spine with progressive
      compression of the spinal cord].

PMID- 13702209
TI  - [On toxicity of thorium and its compounds].

PMID- 13702210
TI  - [Morbidity of the population in Kalinin based on data on the turnover in medical
      institutions during 1958].

PMID- 13702211
TI  - [Data on the problem of antibiotic sensitivity of pathogenic serotypes of E.
      coli].

PMID- 13702212
TI  - [Dosimetric examination of ionization chambers for soft roentgen irradiation].

PMID- 13702213
TI  - [Results of the use of metazid in the treatment of tuberculosis in children].

PMID- 13702214
TI  - [Polyglucin as a hemostatic substance].

PMID- 13702215
TI  - [A low molecular polyvinylpyrrolidone as a disintoxication agent].

PMID- 13702216
TI  - [Observations from the realm of the dream compared with conceptual development in
      children].

PMID- 13702217
TI  - [Oxidation of sulfite to sulfate in the presence of protohematin. I. General
      characteristics].

PMID- 13702218
TI  - [Oxidation of sulfite to sulfate in the presence of protohematin. II. Study of
      the mechanism].

PMID- 13702219
TI  - [Polarographic study of the desulfination of cysteinesulfinic acid by oat leaf
      extracts].

PMID- 13702220
TI  - [Oxidation of sulfite to sulfate by oat roots].

PMID- 13702221
TI  - Mycobacteriophage lysates as serologic antigens.

PMID- 13702222
TI  - [Intercoronary anastomoses in obstructive coronary atherosclerosis].

PMID- 13702223
TI  - [Personal data on the frequency of coronary atherosclerosis].

PMID- 13702224
TI  - [Angina pectoris caused by exertion in chronic pulmonary arterial thrombosis].

PMID- 13702225
TI  - [Some essential points in the prevention of cardiac insufficiency].

PMID- 13702226
TI  - [Complete transposition of the great vessels of the base of the heart in an adult
      with dolicho-mega-coronaries].

PMID- 13702227
TI  - [The lesions of coronary atherosclerosis from the point of view of direct
      coronary surgery].

PMID- 13702228
TI  - [Problems posed by direct coronary surgery].

PMID- 13702229
TI  - [Sensitivity to trypanocides, in vivo and in vitro, of a normal strain of
      Trypanosoma gambiense and of arseno-resistant descendants].

PMID- 13702230
TI  - Management of lymphoma cutis with low megavolt electron beam therapy: nine year
      follow-up in 200 cases.

PMID- 13702231
TI  - Potentiation of analgesia during labor: a study of two tranquilizers.

PMID- 13702232
TI  - Triclobisonium chloride (Triburon) in the treatment of vaginitis and cervicitis.

PMID- 13702233
TI  - A new method for the reconstruction of the external meatus and the fixing of a
      prosthetic ear.

PMID- 13702234
TI  - Origin of transverse fractures in the middle third of the face. A clinical and
      experimental study.

PMID- 13702235
TI  - [Growth disorders (human stature). Their classification].

PMID- 13702236
TI  - An unusual case of hemianopia from cerebral anoxia at high altitudes.

PMID- 13702237
TI  - [The spreading of tumor cells during surgical operations and its prevention].

PMID- 13702238
TI  - [On the differential pharmacodynamics of thymoanaleptics and neuroleptic
      substances in animal experimentation].

PMID- 13702239
TI  - [On the pharmacodynamic action of new tranquilizing agent: methaminodiazepoxide
      or Librium. Experimental study].

PMID- 13702240
TI  - [On the psycho-analeptic action of tofranil. An experimental study].

PMID- 13702241
TI  - [On the pharmacodynamics of 3-pyrrolidinylbutyranilide or WS-10, a basal
      neuroleptic, a cortical thymoleptic].

PMID- 13702242
TI  - [On the paradox of the mechanism of potentiation of the sedative effect of
      barbiturates by belladonna].

PMID- 13702244
TI  - The purification and physicochemical properties of two viruses associated with
      respiratory disease.

PMID- 13702243
TI  - [On the pharmacodynamics of a new tranquilizing agent with relaxing and anti
      tremor effect and a prolonged duration of action: Go 560 or 3-(3-butoxy-2
      carbamoyl-2-hydroxypropyl)-5-phenyl-5-ethylbarbituric acid. Experimental study].

PMID- 13702246
TI  - [On the documentation of cervical findings].

PMID- 13702245
TI  - [Studies on the absorption and fine structure of bone by means of monochromatic x
      irradiation].

PMID- 13702247
TI  - The effect of papaverine on coronary and systemic haemodynamics and on the oxygen
      metabolism of the myocardium.

PMID- 13702248
TI  - [Considerations on a "renal form" of plasmocytoma].

PMID- 13702249
TI  - [Peculiar macro-microscopic definitions of the lobular area by a sensibly greater
      development of the "septum vasculare" in livers of children].

PMID- 13702250
TI  - [Glomerular involutism in the kidneys of young animals].

PMID- 13702251
TI  - [Contribution on simplified tonography. (The normal values of Po, C, F and
      Po/C)].

PMID- 13702253
TI  - Regional paediatric pathology: Central Italy.

PMID- 13702252
TI  - [Continuous indirect blood pressure registration].

PMID- 13702254
TI  - [Dystrophy caused by protein deficiency in children. (Disease caused by excess
      dietary flour, kwashiorkor, hypoproteinosis)].

PMID- 13702255
TI  - [Rhamnose metabolism in Escherichia coli: formation of ketomethylpentoses].

PMID- 13702256
TI  - Activity of glutamic acid decarboxylase in insect nerve tissue.

PMID- 13702257
TI  - [Problems of anesthesia for otorhinolaryngological interventions].

PMID- 13702258
TI  - Influence of intermittent reinforcement upon acquisition, extinction, and
      spontaneous recovery in eyelid conditioning with fixed acquisition series.

PMID- 13702259
TI  - [Cooperation between practicing physicians and psychaitric hospitals].

PMID- 13702260
TI  - An application of the method of extreme deviations to the Wechsler Intelligence
      Scale for Children.

PMID- 13702261
TI  - [On a new experience for the demonstration of tissue with weak storage activity
      in gamma scintigraphy].

PMID- 13702262
TI  - Inhibition of lens regeneration by implanted lenses in the eyes of the adult newt
      Diemictylus (Triturus) viridescens.

PMID- 13702263
TI  - [On the dosage of radioactive seed].

PMID- 13702265
TI  - Physical characteristics of bone. III. A semimicro measurement of unit shear
      stress.

PMID- 13702264
TI  - Experimental multiband tetracycline measurement of lamellar osteoblastic
      activity.

PMID- 13702266
TI  - Physical characteristics of bone. IV. Microscopic prefailure and failure
      patterns.

PMID- 13702267
TI  - Human osteoblastic activity. I. A comparative method of measurement with some
      results.

PMID- 13702268
TI  - Human osteoblastic activity. III. The effect of cortisone on lamellar
      osteoblastic activity.

PMID- 13702269
TI  - Human osteoblastic activity. IV. The effect of severe cardiac failure.

PMID- 13702270
TI  - Crossed-pin technique in management of complex tibial fractures.

PMID- 13702271
TI  - Evidence for the existence of two physical states of bone mineral.

PMID- 13702272
TI  - Feathering: a theory of genesis.

PMID- 13702273
TI  - Halo volume. IV. Measurement of the diffusion pathway between osteocyte lacuna
      and blood.

PMID- 13702274
TI  - Halo volume: introduction to qualitative studies.

PMID- 13702275
TI  - Human Haversian system measurements.

PMID- 13702276
TI  - Human osteoblastic activity. II. Measurement of the biological half-life of bones
      with the aid of tetracyclines.

PMID- 13702277
TI  - Human osteoblastic activity. Introduction.

PMID- 13702278
TI  - Introduction to joint biomechanics.

PMID- 13702280
TI  - Observations on passive transfer of bone mineral in man and nucleation.

PMID- 13702279
TI  - Known qualitative variables in human bone.

PMID- 13702281
TI  - Osteoporosis: The orientation of future basic research.

PMID- 13702282
TI  - Physical characteristics of bone.

PMID- 13702283
TI  - Pyogenic osteomyelitis: the influence of bone remodelling on recurrence.

PMID- 13702285
TI  - Nothing to report?

PMID- 13702284
TI  - Preferential segregations in triploid females.

PMID- 13702286
TI  - Can we rely upon the fact that the different PAS-preparations really will be
      resorbed in the gastrointestinal tract after oral dosage? Some observations
      during PAS treatment in pulmonary tuberculosis.

PMID- 13702287
TI  - [Can we depend upon our para-aminosalicylic acid preparations?].

PMID- 13702289
TI  - [Human genetics: present status and prospects].

PMID- 13702288
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of primary tuberculosis in children].

PMID- 13702290
TI  - Parainfluenza viruses in Southern Louisiana.

PMID- 13702291
TI  - [Clinical syndromes of arterial vascular occlusions in the light of functional
      angiography].

PMID- 13702293
TI  - [Pathogenesis of vegetative disorders in increased intracranial pressure].

PMID- 13702292
TI  - [Evaluation and treatment of disorders of vital functions in the acute stage of
      severe cerebrocranial injuries].

PMID- 13702294
TI  - Incidence of multiple infestation with Taenia saginata in Kenya.

PMID- 13702295
TI  - The incidence of liver flukes (Fasciola gigantica) and hydatid cysts
      (Echinococcus granulosus) in Kenya catle.

PMID- 13702297
TI  - Hypertension due to renal infarction: report of a case.

PMID- 13702296
TI  - [Specific desensitization in eczema].

PMID- 13702298
TI  - [Preliminary study of the hormonal and metabolic variations in deep-sea divers].

PMID- 13702299
TI  - [Crataegutt, the cardiovascular agent of our times].

PMID- 13702300
TI  - [Considerations on the treatment of aneurysms of the anterior communicating
      artery].

PMID- 13702302
TI  - [Storage of glycoproteins in the perinuclear cisterna with formation of
      inclusions in the plasmocyte cell nucleus].

PMID- 13702301
TI  - [Pathological anatomy of the general adaptation syndrome in human pathology].

PMID- 13702303
TI  - [Waldenstrom's disease. Study of a case using optical and electron microscopy].

PMID- 13702304
TI  - Neutrophil mobilization into peritoneal fluid.

PMID- 13702305
TI  - [The alveolar carbon dioxide pressure and carbon dioxide elimination in diseases
      of the respiratory organs under measured output].

PMID- 13702306
TI  - [The determination of carbonic acid excretion and its significance in diseases of
      the respiratory system].

PMID- 13702308
TI  - [The determination of the absolute and physiological respiratory dead space in
      the clinical lung function test].

PMID- 13702307
TI  - [Primary alveolar hypoventilation due to a functional disorder of the respiratory
      center of unknown origin].

PMID- 13702309
TI  - Fat content, yield, and palatability of ground beef.

PMID- 13702310
TI  - Excretion of nitrous oxide in anesthetized man.

PMID- 13702311
TI  - [10 years of organ-preserving operations in urogenital tuberculosis].

PMID- 13702312
TI  - [A 10-year experience in organ-preserving operation in urogenital tuberculosis].

PMID- 13702313
TI  - [The effect of extraction of milk molars in children on the development, eruption
      and setting in the dental arch of the premolars].

PMID- 13702314
TI  - [Functional studies on the small intestine].

PMID- 13702315
TI  - [Education of the diabetic].

PMID- 13702316
TI  - The mechanism of pepsin action.

PMID- 13702317
TI  - Planning a better medical school library: panel discussion.

PMID- 13702318
TI  - Word and sentence tests for use in speech audiometry.

PMID- 13702319
TI  - Pulmonary mechanics. A unified analysis of the relationship between pressure,
      volume and gasflow in the lungs of normal and diseased human subjects.

PMID- 13702320
TI  - Physiologic recording by modern instruments with particular reference to pressure
      recording.

PMID- 13702321
TI  - The use of computers in physiologic diagnosis.

PMID- 13702322
TI  - Health survey of children from Rarotonga, Cook Islands. II. Clinical tests.

PMID- 13702323
TI  - Health survey of children from Rarotonga, Cook Islands. III. Skeletal age and
      skeletal observations.

PMID- 13702324
TI  - Health survey of children from Rarotonga, Cook Islands. IV. Physique as
      determined by the Wetzel Grid.

PMID- 13702325
TI  - Subcutaneous tissue in Polynesian children from Rarotonga. Cook Islands.

PMID- 13702326
TI  - Personal medical records.

PMID- 13702327
TI  - Fate of 424 patients with pneumonia and bronchitis.

PMID- 13702328
TI  - General practice in Europe. A journey in comparisons.

PMID- 13702329
TI  - The family doctor in Britain.

PMID- 13702330
TI  - Age effect on cell-transit time in mouse jejunal epithelium.

PMID- 13702331
TI  - Estimation of time of generation of living cells.

PMID- 13702332
TI  - Fundamental neurological research and human neurosurgery using intense
      ultrasound.

PMID- 13702333
TI  - Oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide output related to the mitotic rhythm in the
      cleaving eggs of Dendraster excentricus and Urechis caupo.

PMID- 13702334
TI  - Lupanine in Lupinus hilarianus Benth.

PMID- 13702336
TI  - Studies on digitalis. III. The influence of triiodothyronine on digitalis
      requirements.

PMID- 13702335
TI  - Bilateral diaphragmatic contraction synchronous with cardiac systole.

PMID- 13702337
TI  - The ineffectiveness of an inotropic agent, mephentermine (Wyamine), in the
      treatment of congestive heart failure.

PMID- 13702339
TI  - Denial of illness in relation to intellectual function.

PMID- 13702338
TI  - Treatment of asymptomatic Endameba histolytica carriers with a formulation of
      bacitracin methylene disalicylate and iodochlorhydroxyquin (anameba).

PMID- 13702340
TI  - The role of nutrition in oral leukoplakia including a therapeutic trial of
      topical vitamin A.

PMID- 13702341
TI  - Direct approach to repair in plastic surgery.

PMID- 13702342
TI  - Pulsion diverticulae of the esophagus. A report of fifteen cases repaired by a
      single-stage procedure.

PMID- 13702343
TI  - [Variations in the structure of the ciliary plexuses in some types of
      vertebrates].

PMID- 13702344
TI  - [2 surgically treated cases of phlegmonous gastgptis].

PMID- 13702345
TI  - What psychiatry can do for criminology.

PMID- 13702346
TI  - Arrhenoblastoma with two subsequent pregnancies. Report of a case.

PMID- 13702348
TI  - [Favorable results with the discontinuous administration of antibiotics].

PMID- 13702347
TI  - Study on the enzyme in banana, polyphenol oxidase.

PMID- 13702349
TI  - [Acute hemolytic anemia, following streptococcal infection, cured by
      splenectomy].

PMID- 13702350
TI  - Frequency of sympathetic ophthalmia in different parts of the world.

PMID- 13702351
TI  - [Divided nevi of the skin of the eyelid].

PMID- 13702352
TI  - [On the distribution of retinal detachment and retrobulbar neuritis and its
      features throughout the world. (A chapter from "Geographie der
      Augenkrankheiten")].

PMID- 13702353
TI  - [Physiological lagophthalmus in the Chinese. (A chapter from "Geographie der
      Augenkrankheite')].

PMID- 13702354
TI  - [Retrolental fibroplasia (A chapter from "The geography of eye diseases")].

PMID- 13702355
TI  - Studies on the transfer of phosphate from mother to foetus in the rabbit.

PMID- 13702356
TI  - Diffusion of protein molecules through membranes of controlled pore size.

PMID- 13702357
TI  - [On the modification of exogenous-allergic bronchial asthma by surgery on the
      vegetative nervous system].

PMID- 13702358
TI  - [On the problem of compensation in bronchial asthma, with special reference to
      occupational asthma].

PMID- 13702359
TI  - [The diagnosis of allergic occupational asthma].

PMID- 13702360
TI  - [Target preparation of small objects for electron microscopy].

PMID- 13702361
TI  - [Allergy].

PMID- 13702362
TI  - [Fetal sex determination before decision on eugenic indications for abortion].

PMID- 13702364
TI  - [Roentgen therapy of drug-resistant pneumonias].

PMID- 13702363
TI  - [Roentgen therapy of chronic recurrent erysipelas].

PMID- 13702365
TI  - [Frequency value of the 1st heart sound and blood viscosity].

PMID- 13702366
TI  - [Intraoperative roentgen therapy of malignant neoplasms].

PMID- 13702367
TI  - [On the problem of cancer production by roentgen-and gamma rays].

PMID- 13702368
TI  - [On the problem of carcinogenesis by roentgen and gamma rays].

PMID- 13702370
TI  - [X-ray therapy in the operating theater].

PMID- 13702369
TI  - [Radiation injuries in roentgen therapy].

PMID- 13702371
TI  - [Comparative research on the value of the "Behringwerke rapid syphilis test"
      using inactivated serum. With a remark on Fuehner's "whole serological picture"
      and on the erroneous theoretical evaluation of syphilis serological findings].

PMID- 13702372
TI  - [Statistical probabilities of Spirochaetales protein reaction (Pallida reaction
      according to Gaehtgens and Fuehner). Comparative studies on the results of the
      TPI test and the cardiolipin-Kolmer reaction in diagnosed lues of different
      stages and subjects without lues].

PMID- 13702373
TI  - [The value of the Treponema pallidum immobilization test in the diagnosis of
      syphilitic diseases].

PMID- 13702374
TI  - [Drug mixtures with analgesic effect].

PMID- 13702375
TI  - [On the problem of royal jelly therapy. Experiences with Apifortyl].

PMID- 13702376
TI  - [Enzymatic lysis of the zonula in cataract operation].

PMID- 13702377
TI  - [Modern treatment of squint].

PMID- 13702378
TI  - [Research on the enzymatic activity of Digitalis leaves. 5. On digitalis
      glycosides].

PMID- 13702379
TI  - Human clinical pharmacology of the newer diuretics: benzothiadiazine and
      phthalimidine.

PMID- 13702380
TI  - The clinical pharmacology of trichlormethiazide (Naqua).

PMID- 13702381
TI  - A review of the thiazide pharmacology.

PMID- 13702382
TI  - Treatment of hepatic edema.

PMID- 13702383
TI  - [Results of cutaneous and intracutaneous tests in endogenous eczema].

PMID- 13702384
TI  - [The role of social service in the adjustment and re-adjustment of aged workers].

PMID- 13702385
TI  - [The mitosis rate of the cornea and duodenum in tumor-bearing animals].

PMID- 13702386
TI  - [Diagnostic toxoplasmosis reactions in normal obstetric subjects. I. Frequency of
      toxoplasmin test and its relation to the age and occupation and the relationship
      between skin tests and complement fixation reactions].

PMID- 13702387
TI  - [Diagnostic problems of inguinal and pelvic lymphography (preliminary study)].

PMID- 13702388
TI  - [The diagnostic value of cavography].

PMID- 13702389
TI  - [Problems of recurrent goiter].

PMID- 13702390
TI  - [On late results of resection of benign struma].

PMID- 13702391
TI  - [On the clinical aspects and pathology of cicatricial stenosis of the trachea
      after surgery for recurrent goiter].

PMID- 13702392
TI  - [Bioptic diagnosis of glioma].

PMID- 13702393
TI  - [On the problem of bleeding from gastrointestinal diverticula].

PMID- 13702394
TI  - [Contribution to the problem of cardiovascular reactions during the examination
      with Bykov-Kurtsin sound].

PMID- 13702395
TI  - [Treatment of peptic ulcer with ataraxics].

PMID- 13702396
TI  - [Changes in electrical conductivity of the skin in gastrointestinal diseases with
      dermal pain projection].

PMID- 13702397
TI  - [70th anniversary of Prof. Bohumil PRUSIK].

PMID- 13702398
TI  - [Fundamental ideological problems of internal medicine, their explanation and
      application to medical training].

PMID- 13702399
TI  - Hodgkin's disease in bone.

PMID- 13702400
TI  - [Afferent innervation of the capsule of the knee joint].

PMID- 13702401
TI  - [Electrophysiological study of the receptors of the joint capsule].

PMID- 13702402
TI  - [Electrophysiological and histomorphological characteristics of the receptors of
      the joints].

PMID- 13702403
TI  - Electromyography of experimentally immobilized skeletal muscles in cats.

PMID- 13702404
TI  - The body hematocrit/venous hematocrit ratio and the "splenic reservoir".

PMID- 13702405
TI  - "Acquired agammaglobulinemia" with auto-immune hemolytic disease: graft-versus
      host reaction?

PMID- 13702407
TI  - [Heparin treatment of retinal artery occlusion].

PMID- 13702406
TI  - Specificity of the reaction between rheumatoid factors and gamma globulin.
AB  - Rheumatoid factors in the sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis appear to be
      specifically directed against genetically determined "antigens" in human gamma
      globulin. At least eight rheumatoid factors of differing specificity exist;
      usually several are present in combination in the same serum. The different
      rheumatoid factors can be readily detected through their pattern of reactivity
      with anti-Rh antibodies from different individuals. Rheumatoid factors in
      diseases other than rheumatoid arthritis were found to have a more restricted
      specificity, contrasted to the broader reactivity of the factors in most
      rheumatoid arthritis sera. A specificity similar to that for incomplete
      antibodies was not demonstrated for the reaction of rheumatoid factors with
      aggregated gamma-globulin or with gamma-globulin to form the "22S complex." In
      certain instances, using the anti-Rh system, rheumatoid factors were found to
      react poorly with the patient's own gamma-globulin, compared to that of other
      individuals of different genetic gamma-globulin types. These results, as well as
      additional indirect evidence, indicate that the rheumatoid factors can possess
      isospecificity. However, a certain degree of autospecificity was also found which
      was most clearly evident through complex formation with the patients own gamma
      globulin and in the reaction with aggregates. The relevance of these findings to
      possible isoantibody as well as autoantibody concepts is discussed.

PMID- 13702408
TI  - [Old and new methods of treatment of anal and perianal diseases].

PMID- 13702409
TI  - [Research on the rheological behavior of vaseline].

PMID- 13702410
TI  - [Health education and international cooperation in the field of hygiene for
      children and youth].

PMID- 13702411
TI  - [Infant mortality as an index of the protection of mother and child].

PMID- 13702412
TI  - [Neurological and electrical brain studies before and after selective lung
      angiography].

PMID- 13702413
TI  - [Case report on the medicinal treatment of endogenous psychoses].

PMID- 13702414
TI  - [Psychic brain functions in atrophic conditions of the brain after surgical
      stress (stereotactic brain operations in older subjects with parkinsonism)].

PMID- 13702415
TI  - Present-day issues.

PMID- 13702416
TI  - [A case of Chiari-Fromel syndrome].

PMID- 13702418
TI  - [Cancer of the cervical stump].

PMID- 13702417
TI  - [Cancer in the cervical stump].

PMID- 13702419
TI  - [Some physical and chemical factors that affect the evagination of Cysticercus
      cellulosae "in vitro"].

PMID- 13702420
TI  - [Brief report on the epidemiology of coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis and North
      American blastomycosis in Cuba. I].

PMID- 13702422
TI  - [Functional disorders of the digestive apparatus and psychogenic factors].

PMID- 13702421
TI  - [Brief report on the epidemiology of coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis and North
      American blastomycosis in Cuba. II].

PMID- 13702423
TI  - [The bases of neurological diagnosis].

PMID- 13702424
TI  - [Obstetrics. Introduction to diagnosis].

PMID- 13702425
TI  - [An experience report on bactericidal UV lamps in outpatient waiting rooms].

PMID- 13702427
TI  - Plaque-type mutants of murine encephalomyocarditis virus.

PMID- 13702426
TI  - [Ambulant treatment of chronic liver diseases].

PMID- 13702428
TI  - [Contributions on the determination of allyl mustard oil].

PMID- 13702429
TI  - [Silver compounds of barbituric acid derivatives. 2].

PMID- 13702430
TI  - [The polarometric and polarographic determination of allyl mustard oil].

PMID- 13702431
TI  - [On the problem of pathophysiology in the treatment of burns].

PMID- 13702432
TI  - [The psychological factor in alcoholism].

PMID- 13702433
TI  - [Observations on the behavior of the capillaries after dermabrasion. Preliminary
      note].

PMID- 13702434
TI  - [Basic book of prescriptions No. 109 for therapy of dermatitis caused by
      sunlight].

PMID- 13702435
TI  - [Basic prescriptions for the therapy of pruritus].

PMID- 13702436
TI  - [Influence of latent image fading in the estimation of gamma-ray exposure by a
      film-dosimetric method].

PMID- 13702437
TI  - [Film dosimetry of x-and gamma-rays].

PMID- 13702438
TI  - [Our experience with grid radiotherapy].

PMID- 13702440
TI  - [Postoperative disorders of the hepatic and common bile ducts].

PMID- 13702439
TI  - Radiological examination in pulmonary fibrotic lesions.

PMID- 13702441
TI  - Bursitis retrocalcanearis.

PMID- 13702442
TI  - [Reflex dystrophy. A survey and follow-up study of sympathectomized persons].

PMID- 13702443
TI  - The unconscious perception of the meaning of verbal stimuli.

PMID- 13702444
TI  - Relationship between tissue respiration and total metabolic rate in hypo- and
      normothermic rats.

PMID- 13702445
TI  - [On the demonstration of antimalarials in the body fluids and excreta. I. An
      improved and simplified field test for determination of chloroquine (resochin) in
      the urine].

PMID- 13702446
TI  - [Enzymatic-histochemical research on myoma].

PMID- 13702447
TI  - [Histochemical observations on leucine aminopeptidase activity in cervical
      carcinoma].

PMID- 13702448
TI  - [Hormones and enzymes of the endometrium].

PMID- 13702449
TI  - [On the effect of sex hormones on protein-splitting enzymes of the myometrium].

PMID- 13702450
TI  - [On the histochemical demonstration of 3 beta-olsteroid dehydrogenase activity in
      the tissues of endocrine organs].

PMID- 13702452
TI  - [Genetic factors in the electrocardiogram].

PMID- 13702451
TI  - [Maternal mortality at the Medizinische Akademie Magdeburg Gynecological Clinic
      after the second World War (1945-1959)].

PMID- 13702453
TI  - [On the diagnostic value of the electrocardiogram in the newborn and in young
      infants].

PMID- 13702454
TI  - [On the significance of atypical manifestations of excitation distribution in the
      electrocardiogram of the child].

PMID- 13702456
TI  - Sustained external manual systole during ventricular fibrillation.

PMID- 13702455
TI  - [Microbial catabolism of hydrocarbons].

PMID- 13702457
TI  - [Iron and copper content of the blood of infants in the Tohoku District (and of
      their mothers' milk). 1. Blood iron and copper of normal infants in the Tohoku
      District].

PMID- 13702459
TI  - [Experimental morphological research on changes in the hypothalamo-hypophyseo
      neurosecretory system of the rat induced by various stimuli affecting the
      emotions].

PMID- 13702458
TI  - [Iron and copper content of the blood of infants is the Tohoku District (and of
      their mothers' milk). 2. On the iron and copper content of the mothers' milk, and
      the iron and copper content of the blood in a few infant diseases].

PMID- 13702460
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of relaxin. (General reviews with some experiences
      therewith)].

PMID- 13702461
TI  - Maintenance of pregnancy by progestins.

PMID- 13702462
TI  - The isolation of a basic protein having toxohormone activity from tumor tissues.

PMID- 13702463
TI  - [A study on effects of hormones of the pituitary-adrenal cortex system on
      experimental guinea pig tuberculosis].

PMID- 13702464
TI  - A case of phenylketonuria in the Eta resulting from the mating of a homozygous
      father and a heterozygous mother.

PMID- 13702465
TI  - Central effects of succinylcholine and decamethonium on monosynaptic reflexes.

PMID- 13702466
TI  - [Diagnostic studies of uterine carcinoma with radioisotopes].

PMID- 13702467
TI  - [Hemorrhage and hemostasis in tumors: nasal and par paranasal cavities].

PMID- 13702468
TI  - Enzymatic phosphorylation of glucose by phosphoramidates.

PMID- 13702469
TI  - Effect of ethionine and carbon tetrachloride on urethan and phenobarbital induced
      changes in hexobarbital action.

PMID- 13702470
TI  - [Study on the mechanism of acid production of urine in the acidotic dog].

PMID- 13702471
TI  - Bilabial stop and nasal consonants: a motion picture study and its acoustical
      implications.

PMID- 13702472
TI  - [Urticaria in the field of dermatology].

PMID- 13702473
TI  - Controlling mechanism of the mechanical activity of muscle and that of blood
      coagulation.

PMID- 13702474
TI  - [Reminiscences of the late Dr. Tenji TANIGUCHI].

PMID- 13702475
TI  - [The blood supply of the lateral geniculate body].

PMID- 13702476
TI  - Enzymatic studies on pyridoxine metabolism. V. Enzymatic reduction of
      isopyridoxal.

PMID- 13702477
TI  - [On experiments with the infection with S. typhimurium in whooping cough vaccine
      inoculated animals (mice, guinea pigs)].

PMID- 13702478
TI  - [Hydroxysantonin in the rabbit and man and the effect of dehydrocholic acid on
      it].

PMID- 13702479
TI  - Fractional determination of the stereoisomes of beta-carotene and their
      distribution in the foodstuffs used for carotene source.

PMID- 13702480
TI  - Absorption of carotene in man as observed from the increase of serum vitamin A
      and carotene levels.

PMID- 13702481
TI  - An improved assay method of vitamin D using superfiltrol chromatography.

PMID- 13702483
TI  - An electron microscopic study of the adrenal cortical tissue of the domestic
      fowl.

PMID- 13702482
TI  - Electron microscopy of neurohypophysis in normal, adrenaline-treated and
      pilocarpinetreated rabbits.

PMID- 13702484
TI  - [Prevention of bacterial growth in quaternary ammonium germicide solutions].

PMID- 13702486
TI  - [Studies on urinary parathyroid hormone (a new method of the bioassay of urinary
      parathyroid hormone)].

PMID- 13702485
TI  - [Chemotherapy of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13702487
TI  - Effect of fornical stimulation upon the CA1 and CA2 apical dendrite of rabbit's
      hippocampus.

PMID- 13702488
TI  - Studies on antituberculous factors in the low molecular fractions of the sera of
      various animal species. I. Crude materials and their tuberculostatic effects.

PMID- 13702489
TI  - Studies on antituberculous factors in the low molecular fractions of the sera of
      various animal species. II. Purification of antituberculous factors and their
      chemical analysis.

PMID- 13702490
TI  - gamma-Hydroxyarginine, a new guanidino compound from a sea-cucumber. III. Actions
      of arginase and arginine decarboxylase.

PMID- 13702491
TI  - Urea denaturation of Taka-amylase A. II. Kinetic aspects.

PMID- 13702492
TI  - Studies on chromoproteins in Japanese nori, Porphyra tenera. V. On the sugar
      components of phycoerythrin.

PMID- 13702493
TI  - Present day concept of the role of platelets in hemostasis.

PMID- 13702494
TI  - [Agenesis of the corpus callosum. Report of 3 cases and review of the
      literature].

PMID- 13702495
TI  - [Effect of the stellate ganglion block by carbocain].

PMID- 13702497
TI  - [Studies on sensitization of the body by intestinal flora, especially E. coli,
      and its significance. 10. Rectal sensitization by E. coli antigen].

PMID- 13702496
TI  - [Studies on sensitization in the living body by intestinal flora, especially
      Escherichia coli, and its significance. 11. Pathogenicity of Shigella flexneri
      and Escherichia coli for the intestine of the rabbit sensitized with Escherichia
      coli].

PMID- 13702498
TI  - [A case report of unilateral recurrent paralysis complicated with pulmonary
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 13702499
TI  - [Histological study of chronic palatine tonsillitis and especially of changes of
      blood vessels and the crypts].

PMID- 13702500
TI  - [Spinal instillation of Hostacyclin in meningitis of aural origin (one successful
      case)].

PMID- 13702501
TI  - On the electrophoresis of cattle rhodopsin.

PMID- 13702503
TI  - [Effect of ablation of cortical areas on conditioned delayed reflex].

PMID- 13702502
TI  - [Report of the pulseless disease (3 cases)].

PMID- 13702504
TI  - [Studies on the finger-tip plethysmograph and the application of phototransistors
      to this apparatus].

PMID- 13702505
TI  - Galactose-sensitive mutants of Salmonella. II. Bacteriolysis induced by
      galactose.

PMID- 13702506
TI  - [The psychosomatic treatment of tuberculous patients].

PMID- 13702507
TI  - [Our experience in the treatment of acute dehydration in children without the use
      of plasma. Investigation of the subject].

PMID- 13702508
TI  - [Syndrome of water-salt depletion in infants].

PMID- 13702509
TI  - [Peroperative roentgenotherapy of malignant tumors].

PMID- 13702510
TI  - [A massive laryngeal tumor].

PMID- 13702511
TI  - [On the tonography of the eyes with high myopia and pigmentary degeneration of
      the retina].

PMID- 13702512
TI  - [Study on the retinopexia. I. Experiment on the rabbit eyes].

PMID- 13702514
TI  - Interspecific induction of transformation of bacteria with respect to phage
      susceptibility.

PMID- 13702513
TI  - [A case of cancer of the gastric mucous membrane].

PMID- 13702515
TI  - Nature of the leucocytosis-inducing factor in plasma.

PMID- 13702516
TI  - Studies on human dynamic postures from the viewpoint of postural reflexes.

PMID- 13702517
TI  - The effect of temperature on the synthesis of virulence factors by Pasteurella
      pestis.

PMID- 13702518
TI  - Synthesis of virulence factors by Pasteurella pestis.

PMID- 13702519
TI  - On the relation between electronic structure and carcinogenic activity of urethan
      (ethylcarbamate) and related compounds.

PMID- 13702520
TI  - On the relation between the electronic structure and anti-tumor activity of
      carcinostatic compounds.

PMID- 13702522
TI  - Influences of some steroids on the corticosterone production by rat adrenal in
      vitro.

PMID- 13702521
TI  - Serological studies on Aspergillus fumigatus.

PMID- 13702523
TI  - Enzymatic formation of lipo-amino acids by rat liver preparations and the nature
      of the product.

PMID- 13702524
TI  - Isolation of Coe virus and some sero-epidemiological surveys of Coe virus
      infections.

PMID- 13702525
TI  - [Cerebral aspergillosis].

PMID- 13702526
TI  - Anti-tumor effect of some nitrogen mustard peptides.

PMID- 13702527
TI  - Study of 17-hydroxyprogsterone-4-C14 in man.

PMID- 13702528
TI  - Studies with an adrenal inhibitor in adrenal carcinoma.

PMID- 13702529
TI  - Studies on leukocytosis due to the injection of chlorophyllin derivatives. I.
      Experimental studies on leukocyte neuroregulatory mechanism.

PMID- 13702530
TI  - [Blood transfusion and body fluid supply].

PMID- 13702531
TI  - The chemistry of organic insecticides.

PMID- 13702532
TI  - Biosynthesis of isovalthine in the cat.

PMID- 13702533
TI  - Studies on some physiological properties of gamma-aminobutyric acid and related
      compounds.

PMID- 13702534
TI  - The effect of intravenous sarin on systemic blood pressure and peripheral
      vasomotor tone.

PMID- 13702535
TI  - Autoradiographic studies of the incorporation of thymidine-H3 into
      deoxyribonucleic acid in the skin of young rats.

PMID- 13702536
TI  - [A case of congenital generalized muscular atrophies (Krabbe)].

PMID- 13702537
TI  - Backache as a migraine equivalent.

PMID- 13702538
TI  - Metabolism of essential fatty acids. IX. The biosynthesis of the octadecadienoic
      acids of the rat.

PMID- 13702540
TI  - Control applications in fermentation processes.

PMID- 13702539
TI  - The biosynthesis of lignoceric, cerebronic, and nervonic acids.

PMID- 13702541
TI  - [Experiences with Prigenta in the treatment of acute pain].

PMID- 13702542
TI  - Connecticut and its cerebral palsied children.

PMID- 13702543
TI  - Marfan's syndrome.

PMID- 13702544
TI  - Recognition and management of depressive reaction.

PMID- 13702545
TI  - [Apropos of 2 cases of typhic perforations].

PMID- 13702546
TI  - Methodology and research on the prognostic use of psychological tests.

PMID- 13702547
TI  - [A contribution on Bowen's disease of the larynx].

PMID- 13702548
TI  - Management of thromboembolic disease.

PMID- 13702549
TI  - Surgical progress in the treatment of mitral stenosis.

PMID- 13702550
TI  - Interatrial septal defects.

PMID- 13702551
TI  - Effects of chlor-promazine upon psychological development in the puppy.

PMID- 13702552
TI  - A short course in medical genetics.

PMID- 13702553
TI  - Radiological hazards today at home and off the job.

PMID- 13702554
TI  - Isolation and identification of the orange pigment in the fungus Cladochytrium
      replicatum.

PMID- 13702555
TI  - Relation of photosynthetic activity to carotenoid-bacteriochlorophyll interaction
      in Chromatium.

PMID- 13702556
TI  - Carbon metabolism in Chromatium.

PMID- 13702557
TI  - What can be expected of the glucose tolerance test?

PMID- 13702558
TI  - Two-stranded helical configurations for ribonucleic acid.

PMID- 13702559
TI  - The volunteer and the American Cancer Society.

PMID- 13702560
TI  - Neuropathy after intake of thalidomide (distaval).

PMID- 13702561
TI  - The child with bandaged eyes.

PMID- 13702562
TI  - Role of ascorbic acid in the formation and maintenance of dental structures.

PMID- 13702563
TI  - [Effect of chloropromazine on iron resorption and concentration in the blood].

PMID- 13702564
TI  - [Effect of chlorpromazine on the resorption of iron after oral administration of
      radioactive isotope of iron].

PMID- 13702565
TI  - [Effect of medical services on the level of sanitary culture in rural areas].

PMID- 13702566
TI  - [On methods of child care used in France].

PMID- 13702567
TI  - [Social medicine].

PMID- 13702568
TI  - [Social pediatrics].

PMID- 13702569
TI  - Reflections on research possibilities for nurses in the biological sciences.

PMID- 13702571
TI  - Treatment of Leishmania donovani infections with surface-active agents.

PMID- 13702570
TI  - Carbohydrate metabolism in Spirochaeta recurrentis. 1. The metabolism of
      spirochaetes in vivo and in vitro.

PMID- 13702572
TI  - History of focal epilepsy.

PMID- 13702573
TI  - Ramon y Cajal, Sherrington and the neurone doctrine.

PMID- 13702574
TI  - Ankylosing spondylitis.

PMID- 13702575
TI  - Voges-Proskauer test using 1-naphthol purified by steam distillation.

PMID- 13702576
TI  - Five less-common Salmonella serotypes from Congo reptiles.

PMID- 13702577
TI  - The usefulness and reliability of the Dock ballistocardiograph in clinical
      medicine.

PMID- 13702578
TI  - Contaminant generators for continuous exposure inhalation chambers.

PMID- 13702579
TI  - [Urinary mucoproteins in the aged subject].

PMID- 13702580
TI  - [On the antibacterial activity "in vitro" of a new nitrofuran derivative].

PMID- 13702581
TI  - [Pulmonary volume changes after athletic training].

PMID- 13702582
TI  - [Method of execution of test of maximum pulmonary ventilation in athletic
      subjects. Physiopathological considerations].

PMID- 13702583
TI  - [Congenital pulmonary stenosis, permeability of the interventricular septum and
      bidirectional hematic shunt].

PMID- 13702584
TI  - [Comparison between values of cardiac output determined by the Fick method and by
      radiocardiography].

PMID- 13702585
TI  - [Relations between radiological pictures and pulmonary volumes].

PMID- 13702587
TI  - [Pulmonary volumetric examination of 124 athletes from 20 to 39 years old.
      Statistical analysis and evaluational considerations].

PMID- 13702586
TI  - [Transverse axial stratigraphy and spirometry in the evaluation of ventilatory
      changes. Contribution of the single lung].

PMID- 13702588
TI  - [New ointments and creams].

PMID- 13702589
TI  - [New ointments and creams].

PMID- 13702590
TI  - [On the ocular preparations in the INAM Galenical Formulary].

PMID- 13702591
TI  - [On the preparations of pills and granules in the Galenic Formulary INAM].

PMID- 13702592
TI  - [Suppositories in modern pharmaceutical technology].

PMID- 13702593
TI  - [On some aspects of the biology of zymosan (experimental research)].

PMID- 13702595
TI  - [A clinical study of the activity of an antihemorrhagic agent derived from
      cyclohexadienolone].

PMID- 13702594
TI  - [The consumption of properdin in rats bearing sarcoma caused by 3,4-benzopyrene].

PMID- 13702596
TI  - [Apropos of a case of intraglandular parotid calculosis].

PMID- 13702597
TI  - [Apropos of the treatment of tinnitus aurium].

PMID- 13702598
TI  - [Clinical study of a new derivative of oleandomycin: Wytrion].

PMID- 13702599
TI  - [Structure of the pseudo-glottis of laryngectomized patients studied by radio
      cinematography].

PMID- 13702600
TI  - [Casuistico-experimental contribution to the medicolegal problem of the
      biological diagnosis of pregnancy].

PMID- 13702601
TI  - [Viral skin diseases].

PMID- 13702602
TI  - Spontaneous spike-discharges of vascular smooth muscle.

PMID- 13702603
TI  - [Lumbar applications of hydrocortisone and prednisolone (Predonin) in some
      opticus diseases].

PMID- 13702605
TI  - [Psychiatric medical experiences with a new phenothiazine derivative
      (fluphenazine)].

PMID- 13702604
TI  - Effects of butter, some margarines and arachis oil in purified diets on serum
      lipids and atherosclerosis in rabbits.

PMID- 13702606
TI  - [The kidney in vascular collapse].

PMID- 13702608
TI  - [Hematosalpinx in pregnancy and celioscopy].

PMID- 13702607
TI  - [Uterine metastases from visceral cancers].

PMID- 13702609
TI  - [Sinicha TASSOVATZ (1899-1960)].

PMID- 13702610
TI  - [Spontaneously arrested or checked hemorrhages of extra-uterine pregnancy].

PMID- 13702611
TI  - [The danger represented by the free sale of false abortive agents: potassium
      permanganate tablets].

PMID- 13702612
TI  - [The dangers of a false abortive agent: the tablet of potassium permanganate].

PMID- 13702613
TI  - [Victor LE LORIER (1875-1961)].

PMID- 13702614
TI  - [Studies on spasmolytics. VI. The effect of structural "changes" in nitrogen-free
      spasmolytic esters: hexahydrobenzilic acid esters].

PMID- 13702615
TI  - Treatment of severe parathion poisoning with 2-pyridine aldoxine methiodide (2
      PAM); report of a case.

PMID- 13702616
TI  - [Modification of experimental corneal necrosis by local application of vitamin A
      and panthenol].

PMID- 13702617
TI  - [The present status of retinal surgery].

PMID- 13702618
TI  - [Chronic Chagas' heart disease].

PMID- 13702620
TI  - [A practical method of heating the urological examination table].

PMID- 13702619
TI  - [Experiences in the therapy of urogenital tuberculosis].

PMID- 13702621
TI  - Liver fluke infestation and cholangio-hepatitis.

PMID- 13702622
TI  - A mathematical model for gas-liquid partition chromatography.

PMID- 13702623
TI  - Plastic catheter fragment as an embolus. Radiographic localization.

PMID- 13702624
TI  - A study of college seniors. Who abandoned their plans for a medical career.

PMID- 13702625
TI  - A controlled study of after-care.

PMID- 13702626
TI  - Some historical notes on John Minson Galt, Jr., and the "temporary duty" of
      Surgeon P. Wagner.

PMID- 13702627
TI  - Congenital septal dysplasia of the heart causing sudden death.

PMID- 13702628
TI  - Thymoma associated with myocarditis and the L.E.-cell phenomenon. Report of a
      case.

PMID- 13702630
TI  - [A method for histoautoradiography of biopsy material].

PMID- 13702629
TI  - Hourglass extradural lipoma in a dog.

PMID- 13702631
TI  - Cantharidin treatment of molluscum contagiosum.

PMID- 13702632
TI  - Primary cutaneous diphtheria.

PMID- 13702634
TI  - [Smith's type of fracture].

PMID- 13702633
TI  - Increment thresholds in a subject deficient in cone vision.

PMID- 13702635
TI  - [Study on muscular work. Behavior of electrical resistance].

PMID- 13702636
TI  - [Electrocardiographic signs of left ventricular pathology in silicosis].

PMID- 13702637
TI  - The photoactivated relaxation of smooth muscle of rabbit aorta.
AB  - Smooth muscle of strips of rabbit aorta, placed in a state of active tonic
      contraction by addition of a stimulating drug, relaxes during exposure to light.
      The relaxation is reversible. The extent of relaxation produced by a standard
      exposure depends on the preexposure level of active contraction but not on the
      nature of the stimulating drug used to produce contraction. With strips brought
      to an intermediate level of contraction, the degree of relaxation (steady state
      levels) is a rectangular hyperbolic function of radiation intensity. The kinetics
      of the relaxation process during irradiation and the recovery process following
      irradiation are consistent with the hypothesis that the primary photoactivated
      material initiates a reaction or reactions leading to a product which inhibits
      some process involved in the production of active contraction. The
      photorelaxation does not require the presence of oxygen. It is potentiated by
      reducing the temperature of the aortic strip. The action spectrum of the
      photorelaxation shows relatively low effectiveness at wavelengths above 450
      mmicro. The effectiveness increases markedly and progressively as the wavelength
      is lowered below 450 mmicro, reaching a peak at 310 mmicro. A deep trough occurs
      at 280 mmicro. However, both peak and trough probably result from internal
      filtering due to absorption by proteins in the aortic strip. It is surmised that
      if a correction could be made for this internal filtering, the action spectrum
      would rise continuously down to wavelengths at least as low as 250 mmicro.

PMID- 13702638
TI  - High energy phosphates and the force of contraction of cardiac muscle.

PMID- 13702639
TI  - Effect of stable cesium on the retention of cesium 137 by rats.

PMID- 13702640
TI  - Long-term retention of ruthenium 106 by rats.

PMID- 13702641
TI  - Modification of zinc 65 absorption by dietary zinc intake.

PMID- 13702642
TI  - Retention and excretion of orally administered cesium 137 by mice. II. Prediction
      of retention after chronic exposure.

PMID- 13702643
TI  - The effects of hunger on taste and odor RLs.

PMID- 13702644
TI  - Open-field exploration as a function of age.

PMID- 13702645
TI  - The emerging pattern of urban histoplasmosis. Studies on an epidemic in Mexico.
      Missouri.

PMID- 13702646
TI  - [Blood levels of demethylchlortetracycline and tetracycline following
      administration of a single dose].

PMID- 13702647
TI  - [Recent clinical experiences with rifomycin B].

PMID- 13702648
TI  - Ureteral plastic valves in dogs.

PMID- 13702649
TI  - Use of hip prosthesis in femoral neck fractures.

PMID- 13702650
TI  - [Psychiatric studies in Cushing's syndrome].

PMID- 13702651
TI  - Evaluation of certain psychopharmacological compounds.

PMID- 13702652
TI  - Newer antibiotics: their intraocular penetration.

PMID- 13702653
TI  - Antibiotics in ocular therapy.

PMID- 13702654
TI  - [First observations by electron microscope on the spermatozoa of Triturus
      cristatus carnifex (Laurenti)].

PMID- 13702655
TI  - Ureteral substitution by plastic tubing.

PMID- 13702657
TI  - [Quantitative relation between the aldolase in the lymph of the thoracic duct and
      in the blood of dogs].

PMID- 13702656
TI  - [Recent research on the autoregulation of gastric secretion in ulcer patients
      (clinico-experimental evaluation of the pathogenetic theory of Dragstedt for
      gastriculcer)].

PMID- 13702658
TI  - [Quantitative relation between the lactic dehydrogenase in the lymph of the
      thoracic duct and in the blood].

PMID- 13702659
TI  - [Distribution, according to sex and age, of hospital patients with gastric and
      duodenal ulcer. (Statistical data on 99.364 cases recorded at the Istituto
      Centrale di Statistica in the years 1954, 1955 and 1956].

PMID- 13702661
TI  - Metastatic tumors of the brain.

PMID- 13702660
TI  - The treatment of congenital club foot.

PMID- 13702662
TI  - Experimental attempts to transmit Pasteurella pestis with the mite Haemogamasus
      liponyssoides hesperus Radovsky (Acarina: Haemogamasidae).

PMID- 13702663
TI  - Effects of nitrogen mustard on the histochemistry of mouse lymphocytic leukaemia
      L 1210.

PMID- 13702664
TI  - The electrocardiogram of the South African clawed toad (Xenopus laevis) with
      special reference to temperature effects.

PMID- 13702665
TI  - [Tuberculosis of the gallbladder].

PMID- 13702666
TI  - The serum lipids and lipoproteins in normal and hyperlipidemic subjects as
      determined by preparative ultracentrifugation. Effects of dietary and therapeutic
      measures. Changes induced by in vitro exposure of serum to sonic forces.

PMID- 13702667
TI  - Hypocholesterolemic agents.

PMID- 13702669
TI  - Dr. Henry N. KENWELL, University of Buffalo leader.

PMID- 13702668
TI  - Use of an intracardiac pacemaker in the control of heart block.

PMID- 13702670
TI  - The Maudaley Personality Inventory as a predicator of susceptibility to hypnosis.

PMID- 13702671
TI  - John Gerald HAYDEN.

PMID- 13702672
TI  - The growth of trachoma and inclusion blennorrhoea viruses in cell culture.

PMID- 13702673
TI  - The titration of trachoma and inclusion blennorrhoea viruses in cell cultures.

PMID- 13702674
TI  - The effect of environment on the replication of poliovirus in monkey kidney
      cells.

PMID- 13702675
TI  - A case of infection with avian type tubercle bacilli.

PMID- 13702677
TI  - Comparison of use of pharmacotherapy and electrotherapy for severe depression.

PMID- 13702678
TI  - Homogeneous versus heterogeneous groups.

PMID- 13702676
TI  - [Origin and evolution of life in the pre-Cambrian period. Review of ideas and
      facts: physicochemistry, biophysics, biocrystallography, biochemistry and
      paleontology].

PMID- 13702679
TI  - Cytomegalic inclusion disease.

PMID- 13702680
TI  - The surgical significance of the external length of the cystic duct.

PMID- 13702681
TI  - [On cases of vertical nystagmus of peripheral origin].

PMID- 13702682
TI  - [Rare cases of herpes zoster oticus and their treatment].

PMID- 13702683
TI  - [A case of sinus cavernosus syndrome complicated by meningitis and complete
      ophthalmoplegia].

PMID- 13702684
TI  - [Meningo-encephalic cryptococcosis. First case diagnosed during life and treated
      in Portugal].

PMID- 13702685
TI  - [Segmental sclerosing polymyositis (fibrous myositis)].

PMID- 13702686
TI  - [Study of a case of metastases of melanoma in the brain stem. (Psychological and
      electroencephalographic symptomatology)].

PMID- 13702687
TI  - [Study of a case of metastases of melanoma in the brain stem].

PMID- 13702688
TI  - [Cancer of the lung as seen by the neurologist].

PMID- 13702689
TI  - [Clinical and experimental trials of imipramine (tofranil)].

PMID- 13702690
TI  - [Otoneurophthalmological aspects of plasmocytomas].

PMID- 13702691
TI  - [Starvation dystrophy and its neuropsychiatric aspects].

PMID- 13702692
TI  - [The paracancerous neuropathies].

PMID- 13702693
TI  - [C-reactive protein in pemphigus foliaceus].

PMID- 13702695
TI  - [Treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis americana by amphotericin B].

PMID- 13702694
TI  - In vitro studies of the effect of amphotericin B on Leishmania brasiliensis.

PMID- 13702696
TI  - Autonomic responses and serial learning.

PMID- 13702697
TI  - Scholastic ability of deaf children and their performance on non-verbal learning
      tasks.

PMID- 13702698
TI  - Visual paired-associates task with deaf and hearing children.

PMID- 13702699
TI  - Carcinogenesis by virus: an introduction with observations of the pathogenesis of
      leukemia and polyoma lesions.

PMID- 13702701
TI  - The directing role of DNA in RNA synthesis. Specificity of the deoxyadenylate
      deoxythymidvlate copolymer as a primer.

PMID- 13702700
TI  - The directing role of DNA in RNA synthesis.

PMID- 13702702
TI  - [Salmonelloses. Some clinical aspects].

PMID- 13702703
TI  - The quality of the human semen in relation to perinatal mortality.

PMID- 13702704
TI  - Classification and treatment of oligomenorrhoea and amenorrhoea.

PMID- 13702705
TI  - [Clinical studies on erythrocyte survival and the role of the spleen in hemolysis
      in splenomegalic states].

PMID- 13702706
TI  - Effects of silica on the multiplication of animal cells in tissue culture.

PMID- 13702707
TI  - [Clinical studies of head injuries].

PMID- 13702708
TI  - [Studies on the avianized variants of rinderpest virus].

PMID- 13702709
TI  - [Erythropoietin-endocrine regulation of hematopoiesis].

PMID- 13702710
TI  - [Audiometric, vestibular and hematological observations in subjects exposed to
      the noise of jet engines. III. Hematological observations].

PMID- 13702711
TI  - A comparative study of the periodic acid-Schiff and Alcian blue stains.

PMID- 13702712
TI  - Histochemically demonstrable carbohydrates of appendageal tumors of the skin. I.
      Benign eccrine gland tumors.

PMID- 13702713
TI  - The normal human eccrine and apocrine glands.

PMID- 13702714
TI  - Effect of types of alloys, mold temperature, and casting pressure on casting
      shrinkage.

PMID- 13702715
TI  - Review of Japanese dental research in 1959-1960. II. Clinics and materials.

PMID- 13702716
TI  - [Lining of acrylic filling cavities].

PMID- 13702717
TI  - [Modifications of the renal rheogram of dogs after administration of
      noradrenalin. Preliminary note].

PMID- 13702718
TI  - [Renal rheography in dogs. Preliminary note].

PMID- 13702719
TI  - [Ceruloplasmin in normal humans and rabbits].

PMID- 13702720
TI  - [Cerebral rheogram in occupational carbon disulfide poisoning].

PMID- 13702721
TI  - Interaction of central and peripheral factors in physiological temperature
      regulation.

PMID- 13702722
TI  - Bibliography of parabiosis.

PMID- 13702723
TI  - [Experimental and clinical data on madribon].

PMID- 13702724
TI  - A rapid disk method for determining the susceptibility of bacteria to Madribon,
      other sulfonamides and antibiotics.

PMID- 13702725
TI  - [Antituberculous medication. Tests of the biological activity of antibacilli
      medication].

PMID- 13702726
TI  - [A simple apparatus for registration of respiratory frequency of rats and mice
      with negative temperature coefficient resistance].

PMID- 13702727
TI  - Excitation and inhibition of neuronal firing in visual cortex by reticular
      stimulation.
AB  - The frequency of action potentials of about one-third of the neurons sampled in
      the striate cortex of awake rabbits was clearly modified by mild stimulation of
      the reticular core of the brain stem. Reticular stimulation often brought about
      enhancement of firing in units activated by light, while it usually had the
      contrary effect upon light-inhibited units.

PMID- 13702728
TI  - [Etiological factors in the production of macrosomia studied at the Maternidad
      Provincial de Barcelona].

PMID- 13702729
TI  - [Sanitary education and agricultural socialistic reorganization].

PMID- 13702730
TI  - William OSLER'S religion.

PMID- 13702731
TI  - [Clinico-electroencephalographic study in epilepsy after tuberculous meningitis].

PMID- 13702732
TI  - [On the problem of tonsillectomy and poliomyelitis].

PMID- 13702733
TI  - [Evolution of the clinical picture of poliomyelitis during the past 15 years].

PMID- 13702735
TI  - [Problems in the control of poliomyelitis and related diseaes in the RSFSR].

PMID- 13702734
TI  - [On problems of organization of care of children with organic diseases of the
      nervous system].

PMID- 13702736
TI  - [Remote results after surgical therapy of invagination].

PMID- 13702737
TI  - The estimation of vitamin A aldehyde with thiobabituric acid.

PMID- 13702738
TI  - Relative efficiency of finger-cot specimens and stool examinations in screening
      for Schistosoma mansoni and other parasitic infections.

PMID- 13702739
TI  - Serum alkaline phosphatase activity in infectious mononucleosis. A clinical study
      of fifty-five cases.

PMID- 13702740
TI  - [On the problem of endemic goiter in the Osh region].

PMID- 13702741
TI  - An egg-yolk reaction test for the differentiation of Leptospirae.

PMID- 13702742
TI  - Antigenic relationships among Leptospira leeds and water leptospirae.

PMID- 13702743
TI  - Leptospirosis of white laboratory rats.

PMID- 13702745
TI  - Leptospirosis studies in the Tapio region.

PMID- 13702744
TI  - Rapid method for the differentiation of parasitic and saprophytic leptospirae.

PMID- 13702746
TI  - [Investigation of leptospirosis in the Tapio region].

PMID- 13702747
TI  - Preparation of stable Listeria monocytogenes O antigen.

PMID- 13702748
TI  - [A plate method for the agglutination lysis reaction in leptospirosis].

PMID- 13702749
TI  - Surgical management of anorectal complications of chronic ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 13702750
TI  - A case of afibrinogenaemia occurring in consecutive pregnancies.

PMID- 13702751
TI  - Symposium: therapeutic agents in hypercholesteremia.

PMID- 13702752
TI  - Serum lactic dehydrogenase activity in umbilical cord, at the end of labor in
      normal women, and in uncomplicated puerperium.

PMID- 13702753
TI  - Parasites of domestic animals in Indiana. I. The incidence of some
      gastrointestinal helminths of market weight pigs.

PMID- 13702754
TI  - [A look at glaucoma from the viewpoint of cybernetics].

PMID- 13702755
TI  - [On the problem of the treatment of cirrhosis of the liver in children by
      splenectomy].

PMID- 13702756
TI  - Influence of DL-thyroxine and cortisone on femurs of rats with odoratism.

PMID- 13702757
TI  - [The abdominal aortic beat].

PMID- 13702758
TI  - [The problem of control of antityphoid vaccines. IV. Experimental study of the
      immunogenic value of antityphoid vaccines tested by various methods].

PMID- 13702759
TI  - [Streptococcal toxin. II. Titration technics for diffusable antigens and their
      corresponding antibodies].

PMID- 13702761
TI  - [Influence of reserpine on the hypothalamo-hypophysial neurosecretion of albino
      rats].

PMID- 13702760
TI  - The photo-electric earpiece technique for recording dye dilution curves.

PMID- 13702762
TI  - Bile-renal fistulae and cholesterol metabolism in dogs: new techniques and
      findings.

PMID- 13702763
TI  - Thymectomy of the calf.

PMID- 13702764
TI  - Intravenous ether anesthesia in equine animals.

PMID- 13702765
TI  - An education in making TV educational.

PMID- 13702766
TI  - [On the activation of bovine trypsinogen by a crystallized protease from
      Aspergillus saitoi].

PMID- 13702767
TI  - [Features of the reaction of the hematopoietic system during radiotherapy of
      patients with malignant tumors of the female genitali].

PMID- 13702768
TI  - [The clinical use of multicanal radiography in research on the function of the
      cardiovascular system].

PMID- 13702769
TI  - [The study of higher nervous activity in experimental tuberculosis. I.
      Conditioned food secretory reflexes in dogs against the background of
      tuberculosis infection and during streptomycin therapy].

PMID- 13702770
TI  - The placentation of Eremitalpa granti (Broom).

PMID- 13702772
TI  - [The originality of the nephrotic syndrome in children].

PMID- 13702771
TI  - [Hepatic glycogenoses. Correlations between the clinical and biochemical
      characteristics and the type of enzymatic deficiency: glucose-6-phosphatase,
      amylo-1-6-glucosidase, phosphorylase].

PMID- 13702773
TI  - [On track-finding disease].

PMID- 13702774
TI  - [Corneal complications in chloroquine treatment].

PMID- 13702775
TI  - [Bones of the extremities of Dolichopithecus, fossil monkey of the Pliocene
      period from Roussilon].

PMID- 13702776
TI  - [Certain clinico-laboratory data on the use of cortisone and prednisone in the
      treatment of a number of dermatoses].

PMID- 13702777
TI  - [On the prognathism operation on the horizontal ramus of the lower jaw].

PMID- 13702778
TI  - [Characterization of paraproteins by paper and immune electrophoresis].

PMID- 13702779
TI  - [On the standardization of the thymol turbidity reaction. II].

PMID- 13702780
TI  - [On iron metabolism in a hill climate].

PMID- 13702781
TI  - [The reflex photometer. A new construction principle for microscopic
      spectrophotometry].

PMID- 13702782
TI  - [Electron microscopic studies on the morphology of the uptake of macromolecular
      substances (dextran, periston) in the spleen].

PMID- 13702783
TI  - [On changes in structure and shape of the mitochondria. I. The transformation of
      the chondriome by accumulation of macromolecular substances (dextran) in the
      epithelia of the main part of the rat kidney].

PMID- 13702784
TI  - [On changes in structure and shape of the mitochondria. II. Disintegration and
      reorganization of chondrioma in uptake and degradation of macromolecular
      substances (dextran)].

PMID- 13702785
TI  - [On changes in structure and shape of the mitochondria. III> The chondriome of
      the cell with increased function].

PMID- 13702787
TI  - [Local therapy with hydrocortisone and prednisolone acetate in diseases of the
      sustentacular and connective tissue].

PMID- 13702786
TI  - [On the transformation of chondriome by accumulation of macromolecular substances
      (dextran, periston). Electron microscopic investigations on the
      reticuloendothelium of the rat spleen].

PMID- 13702788
TI  - Studies on the efficacy of digoxin.

PMID- 13702789
TI  - [Effect of strophanthin derivatives on cardiac dynamics in heart failure].

PMID- 13702790
TI  - [Effect of Cytochrome c on adrenaline hyperglycemia. Preliminary report].

PMID- 13702791
TI  - [Modifications in the serum-glutamic-oxalic transaminase level in various
      experimental conditions].

PMID- 13702792
TI  - [Experimental thrombocytosis induced by PAS].

PMID- 13702793
TI  - [Experimental thrombocytosis produced by PAS-Cilag].

PMID- 13702794
TI  - Behavior of the serum-glycoprotein level and of diphenylamine reaction in pelvic
      inflammations.

PMID- 13702795
TI  - [Data on the antagonism of anticoagulants and bioflavonoids].

PMID- 13702796
TI  - [On the antagonism between anticoagulants and bioflavonoids].

PMID- 13702797
TI  - [The hormonal effect of an isoflavone derivative (sophoricoside)].

PMID- 13702798
TI  - [Thrombosis during the final stage of pregnancy and during labor].

PMID- 13702799
TI  - Anticonvulsant properties of diacetylmonoxime (DAM).

PMID- 13702800
TI  - Cell culture in vivo. II. Behavior of L-fibroblasts in diffusion chambers in
      resistant hosts.

PMID- 13702801
TI  - Studies on the slow contraction of smooth muscle produced by human plasma.
AB  - The slow contraction of smooth muscle produced by human plasma becomes less
      potent after storage of the plasma for six months at room temperature and after
      processing of the plasma with kaolin. These observations fall into line with the
      fact that 40% of the initial smooth-muscle-contracting activity of the plasma can
      be accounted for in the deposit which is formed during the six-months period of
      storage, and also with the fact that the recovery of G acid from human plasma
      treated with kaolin is about 50% of the yield which is obtained from the same
      plasma before kaolin treatment.

PMID- 13702802
TI  - Behavior patterns observed in occupational therapy.

PMID- 13702803
TI  - Psychiatry in relation to medical practice.

PMID- 13702804
TI  - [Simultaneous measurement of Cr-51 and Fe-59 activities in blood tests in
      hematological investigations (after administration of Cr-51 labelled erythrocytes
      and Fe-59)].

PMID- 13702805
TI  - [Addiction and habituation].

PMID- 13702806
TI  - [Result of the histopathological examination of 50 tubes from tubal pregnancies].

PMID- 13702807
TI  - [A case of afibrinemia during premature detachment of the placenta].

PMID- 13702808
TI  - Histochemical changes of the carbohydrates in the superior cervical ganglion
      during the phases of functional stimulation.

PMID- 13702809
TI  - Standardization of the electronic counter of blood cells.

PMID- 13702810
TI  - [Analysis of vascular diseases of the brain from data of the clinic of nervous
      diseases of Samarkand Medical Institute].

PMID- 13702811
TI  - [Study on the relation between intradermal reaction with streptococcal anatoxin
      and isolation of group A hemolytic beta streptococcus in an infantile
      collectivity].

PMID- 13702812
TI  - [Considerations on cranioencephalic injury].

PMID- 13702813
TI  - [Metrorrhagia and the Arias Stella syndrome].

PMID- 13702814
TI  - A biologic concept of adrenocortical function.

PMID- 13702815
TI  - [A case of edematous disease in an adult].

PMID- 13702816
TI  - [Data on the histochemistry of glycogen in tumors of the human breast].

PMID- 13702817
TI  - [Kernicterus in a newborn due to glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency].

PMID- 13702818
TI  - [Enzymatic alterations in lipid metabolism (hepatic lipase and oxidase) in rats
      subjected to various hypolipidic diets].

PMID- 13702819
TI  - The role of phospholipides in the uptake of amino acids by Ehrlich ascites
      carcinoma cells.

PMID- 13702820
TI  - [Effect of trypsin on serum proteins and uromucoid, the organic supporting
      substances of the urolithic matrix (paper and immunoelectrophoretic model
      experiments with "stabilized" trypure-novo)].

PMID- 13702821
TI  - [Development of photoendoscopy with special reference to color photography in the
      bronchi and thorax].

PMID- 13702822
TI  - [An unusual clinical syndrome produced by a unilateral double ureter with one
      blind end].

PMID- 13702824
TI  - [Kidney transplantations].

PMID- 13702823
TI  - [Experimental research on the problem of serum protein changes caused by trypsin
      in the field of thromboembolism therapy].

PMID- 13702825
TI  - The macula neglecta in the feline species.

PMID- 13702826
TI  - [Angiopneumography in various diseases of the lungs and mediastinum].

PMID- 13702827
TI  - [Development of the EEG in the sequelae of psychosurgical operations].

PMID- 13702828
TI  - [Modifications of various characteristics of basic EEG activity after selective
      frontal surgery].

PMID- 13702830
TI  - [The electroencephalogram in homolateral syndromes].

PMID- 13702829
TI  - [Statistical study on "widely developed alpha" tracings as a function of age].

PMID- 13702831
TI  - [The effect of guanethidine on the blood circulation of the liver].

PMID- 13702832
TI  - [A study of blood circulation in cardiac shock].

PMID- 13702833
TI  - Human factors and the work environment. IV. The office environment - fact or
      fancy.

PMID- 13702835
TI  - Intra-arterial transfusion in the treatment of hemorrhagic shock.

PMID- 13702834
TI  - [The use of nialamide in spastic children].

PMID- 13702836
TI  - Specific degradation of Cryptococcus neoformans 3723 capsular polysaccharide by a
      microbial enzyme. I. Isolation, partial purification, and properties of the
      enzyme.

PMID- 13702837
TI  - Specific degradation of Cryptococcus neoformans 3723 capsular polysaccharide by a
      microbial enzyme. II. Biological activity of the enzyme.

PMID- 13702838
TI  - Specific degradation of Cryptococcus neoformans 3723 capsular polysaccharide by a
      microbial enzyme. III. Antibody stimulation by partially decapsulated cells.

PMID- 13702839
TI  - Pseudoxanthoma elasticum; study of a family.

PMID- 13702840
TI  - Simultaneous hyperparathyroidism and Grave's disease.

PMID- 13702841
TI  - [On harmonious relations between pulse rhythm and arterial basic pulsation].

PMID- 13702842
TI  - [On the hemodynamics of the extrasvstole].

PMID- 13702843
TI  - Laboratory control in therapy of vaginitis.

PMID- 13702844
TI  - [Pre-radiation and metastasis in carcinoma of the breast].

PMID- 13702845
TI  - [Hyperlipemia and eruptive xanthomas during acromegaly with diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 13702847
TI  - [Action of heparin on experimental tuberculosis in the guinea pig].

PMID- 13702846
TI  - [Cardio-rickettsioses. Apropos of several cases].

PMID- 13702848
TI  - [The choice of antibiotics in the treatment of tuberculosis].

PMID- 13702849
TI  - [Determination of maximal lipase activity of the duodenal juice gathered by
      intubation after injection of pancreozymin].

PMID- 13702850
TI  - [Diaphragmatic hernia with volvulus of the stomach and ulcer of the lesser
      curvature, in a woman with pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13702851
TI  - [Calcifying pancreatitis and hyperparathyroidism].

PMID- 13702852
TI  - [On massive hematic eosinophilia with splenomegaly (Chalier-Levrat syndrome)].

PMID- 13702853
TI  - [Complications caused by phenylbutazone].

PMID- 13702854
TI  - Epistaxis.

PMID- 13702856
TI  - [Impressions of the anesthesiology service in some Paris hospitals].

PMID- 13702855
TI  - Exudative choroiditis secondary to maxillary sinusitis with remarkable
      improvement after Caldwell Luc operation.

PMID- 13702857
TI  - [On intralobar sequestration of the lung].

PMID- 13702858
TI  - [On the therapy of x-ray ulcerations with Actihaemyl].

PMID- 13702859
TI  - [Roentgen irradiation in cerebral pressure].

PMID- 13702860
TI  - [On malignant ovarian tumors].

PMID- 13702862
TI  - Effect of growth hormone on conjugation of ingested glycine with aromatic acids.

PMID- 13702861
TI  - Continuous metabolic studies on normal and depancreatized dogs during repeated
      whole body x irradiation.

PMID- 13702864
TI  - Adventures in clinical chemistry.

PMID- 13702863
TI  - Study on the determination of heavy water in plasma or urine.

PMID- 13702865
TI  - [Clinical experiences with iproniazid (Marsilid) in the treatment of depressive
      states].

PMID- 13702866
TI  - [Therapeutic effect and tolerance of furadantin in urinary tract infections in
      childhood].

PMID- 13702867
TI  - [Studies on the quantitative evaluation of thin-layer chromatography. 2.
      Separation and determination of bile acids].

PMID- 13702868
TI  - [Thin-layer chromatography in drug analysis].

PMID- 13702869
TI  - [Research on the quantitative evaluation of thin layer chromatography. I. UV
      spectroscopic determination of mixtures of the methyl and propyl esters of p
      hydroxybenzoic acid after separation by thin layer khromatographic].

PMID- 13702871
TI  - [The sleeping electroencephalogram and sleeping-waking period in epilepsy].

PMID- 13702870
TI  - [A quick method for the determination of aluminum and magnesium in synthetic,
      acid-soluble, pharmaceutically used magnesium-aluminum-silicates].

PMID- 13702872
TI  - [Measurements of brain blood supply with the Kety-Schmidt method in increased
      intracranial pressure].

PMID- 13702873
TI  - [The electroencephalogram in diagnosis and therapy of epilepsy].

PMID- 13702874
TI  - [Interfering factors in the measurement of diffusion capacity by the
      breathholding method].

PMID- 13702875
TI  - [Diffusion disorders and interstitial fibrosis in silicosis].

PMID- 13702877
TI  - [Critical study of methods of CO diffusion].

PMID- 13702878
TI  - [Experiences in the production of dried plasma].

PMID- 13702876
TI  - Evaluation of pulmonary function: methods.

PMID- 13702879
TI  - [Experiences in the setting-up of preserved blood systems. Report 3].

PMID- 13702880
TI  - [Blood donor choice and donor protection].

PMID- 13702881
TI  - [The urological complications in the therapy of malignant tumors of the true
      pelvis (Urological report)].

PMID- 13702882
TI  - [On granular cell neuromas (so-called myoblastomyoma) with a report on a personal
      case].

PMID- 13702883
TI  - [On sincipital encephalocele].

PMID- 13702884
TI  - [Coconut husks as a source of paratyphoid infections].

PMID- 13702885
TI  - [Inactivation of thrombin in the blood serum of normal adults].

PMID- 13702886
TI  - [On the demonstration of coli bacteria and salmonella from the water with a
      soluble ultrafilter].

PMID- 13702887
TI  - [The effect of gastric and duodenal juice on the coagulation time of recalcified
      plasma citrate].

PMID- 13702888
TI  - [Experimental research on tissue cultures as a principle for therapy with energy
      rich rays].

PMID- 13702889
TI  - [Possibilities and problems of virus diagnosis].

PMID- 13702890
TI  - [Practical possibilities in the diagnosis of virus diseases].

PMID- 13702891
TI  - [Clinical and histological observations on preformed oraparallel structures of
      the limiting membrane of the vitreous body].

PMID- 13702892
TI  - [Some remarks on the dynamics of a concept of disease with the aim of a
      definition].

PMID- 13702893
TI  - [On temperature radiation of the human skin and its dependence on circulation].

PMID- 13702894
TI  - [Accomplishments and objectives of preventive care].

PMID- 13702895
TI  - Skin cancer. A technique for improved cosmetic end-result in radiation therapy
      for skin cancer.

PMID- 13702896
TI  - [Effect of hypothermia on the content of ammonia and glutamine in the cerebral
      cortex in agony and following resuscitation].

PMID- 13702897
TI  - [On the participation of the reinforcing nerve of Pavlov in the inotropic
      activity of eryside on the heart].

PMID- 13702898
TI  - Effects of guanethidine on tri-iodothyronine-induced hyperthyroidism in man.

PMID- 13702899
TI  - Effect of guanethidine and bretylium on the dog heart-lung preparation.

PMID- 13702900
TI  - [Effects of infectious bronchitis on the respiratory functional picture of
      silicosis].

PMID- 13702901
TI  - [On the uterine fibromyoma and sterility].

PMID- 13702902
TI  - [Kraurosis vulvae and vulvectomy. Histochemical study of glycogen in the vulvar
      tissue by the multiple second reaction of Vialli].

PMID- 13702904
TI  - [Classification of anemias of pregnancy and their treatment].

PMID- 13702903
TI  - [An "indicative" test of pregnancy by means of the use of a progestative agent
      per os: 6-methyl-17-hydroxyprogesterone acetate].

PMID- 13702905
TI  - [Favism and pregnancy].

PMID- 13702906
TI  - [P.G.A. in oligoemia in pregnancy].

PMID- 13702907
TI  - [Possibilities of orotic acid in the therapy and prevention of various
      hypoprotein myelopathies of pregnancy].

PMID- 13702908
TI  - [Reticulocytemia and ovarian hormones. Clinico-experimental study].

PMID- 13702909
TI  - [Hospital chapel, all-embracing ministry].

PMID- 13702910
TI  - Spleen and liver reactions in young and adult mice in the course of an
      experimental Brucellae infection.

PMID- 13702911
TI  - [Experience with chloropropamide (diabinese) in average cases of diabetes
      complicated by active pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13702912
TI  - [Use of carbutamide (Bucarban) in average cases of diabetes complicated by
      pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13702913
TI  - [A device for dosage of contrast media in filling the large intestine].

PMID- 13702914
TI  - Classification of cardiacs.

PMID- 13702915
TI  - [A plastic splint for treatment of injuries of the metacarpal bones and
      phalanges].

PMID- 13702916
TI  - [Plastic splints for the forearm and hand].

PMID- 13702917
TI  - [Gamma spectometry in the determination of radioactive contamination of food
      stuffs].

PMID- 13702919
TI  - [Determination of radiostrontium and radiocesium in the soil and in plants].

PMID- 13702918
TI  - [Measurement of the radioactivity of milk].

PMID- 13702920
TI  - [Contribution to the study of traumatic pneumoencephalos].

PMID- 13702921
TI  - The absorption of amino acids by the isolated intestine of the green frog. Rana
      clamitans.

PMID- 13702922
TI  - Acute cardiac emergencies.

PMID- 13702923
TI  - [Cancers of the digestive tract].

PMID- 13702924
TI  - [Syringomyelia in children, associated with an intramedullary tumor. Contribution
      to the Kirch hypothesis. (Presentation of 2 cases)].

PMID- 13702925
TI  - [Preliminary results on the use of ultrasonics in the histological technic of
      neuropathology].

PMID- 13702927
TI  - [Diffuse scleroses of the brain].

PMID- 13702926
TI  - [The syndrome of multiple malformations associated with gonadal dysgenesis
      (Turner syndrome) with XO chromosome formula].

PMID- 13702928
TI  - [Cystic pneumatosis of the intestines].

PMID- 13702929
TI  - [Asepsis and the surgeon].

PMID- 13702930
TI  - The Trendelenburg operation: pulmonary artery embolectomy.

PMID- 13702931
TI  - [Cytomegalic inclusions].

PMID- 13702932
TI  - [Diphenylpyraline hydrochloride. Therapeutic trial in cutaneous medicine].

PMID- 13702933
TI  - [Adsorption of erythrocytes by cells of human tissue culture infected with
      influenza virus].

PMID- 13702934
TI  - [On a method for the vaccination against influenza].

PMID- 13702935
TI  - [Behavior of the glucuronides of bilirubin in direct-reacting jaundice].

PMID- 13702937
TI  - [A rare association of tertiary syphilis with pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13702936
TI  - [Evaluation of a method for partitioning the bilirubin glucuronides in the
      blood].

PMID- 13702938
TI  - Student self estimates of final course grades.

PMID- 13702939
TI  - [Modification of arterial circulation by impulse galvanization].

PMID- 13702941
TI  - [The role of chronic trichophytosis in adults in the epidemiology of the
      disease].

PMID- 13702940
TI  - [Pregnancy in a rudimentary atresic rudimentary horn. With a contribution to the
      problems of seminal transmigration].

PMID- 13702942
TI  - [The significance of novocaine block in the treatment of patients with chronic
      trichophytosis].

PMID- 13702943
TI  - [Postoperative stenosing esophagitis and endobrachyesophagus].

PMID- 13702944
TI  - [Probably primary bilateral thrombosis of the renal veins in a newborn infant.
      Cure by heparin therapy].

PMID- 13702945
TI  - [Hourglass kidney in a newborn infant. Surgery. Recovery].

PMID- 13702946
TI  - [Acute congenital leucoses and histiomonocytic reticuloses. Apropos of 3 cases].

PMID- 13702947
TI  - [Elliptocytosis, probably homozygote, in an infant].

PMID- 13702948
TI  - [The use of Soludecadron in a case of probable acute adrenal insufficiency
      following treatment with corticoids].

PMID- 13702949
TI  - The effect of sex hormones on the phagocytotic activity of surviving human
      neutrophil granulocytes.

PMID- 13702950
TI  - Demonstration of Anaplasma marginale with the fluorescent dye, acridine orange;
      comparisons with the complement-fixation test and Wright's stain.

PMID- 13702951
TI  - Production of incomplete Vi antibody in mice.

PMID- 13702952
TI  - Studies on infection and immunity in experimental typhoid fever. III. Effect of
      prophylactic immunization.
AB  - A study was made of the efficacy of various antityphoid immunizing agents in
      immunizing chimpanzees against typhoid fever produced by feeding viable S.
      typhosa. It was found that both acetone-killed and heat-killed, phenol-preserved
      typhoid vaccines were effective in protecting against infection induced with
      either homologous or heterologous strains of typhoid bacilli. Purified O antigen
      induced no discernible protection, but some immunity was afforded by the
      administration of purified Vi antigen.

PMID- 13702953
TI  - Enhancement of the mouse virulence of a non-Vi variant of Salmonella typhosa by
      Vi antigen.

PMID- 13702954
TI  - Studies on infection and immunity in experimental typhoid fever. II.
      Susceptibility of recovered animals to re-exposure.
AB  - Chimpanzees recovered from typhoid fever induced by ingestion of large numbers of
      phage-type T S. typhosa were rechallenged approximately a year and a half later
      with a like number of a phage-type E(1) strain. Control animals exhibited febrile
      responses, bacteriemia, and other significant laboratory and clinical findings,
      including increases in C-reactive protein levels and sedimentation rates. All of
      the previously infected and recovered chimpanzees were negative with respect to
      the aforementioned observations, and appeared to have resisted significant re
      infection. On the other hand, recovery from typhoid fever induced by smaller
      numbers of S. typhosa failed to protect completely against rechallenge with
      larger numbers of these organisms. These findings indicate that chimpanzees
      recovered from typhoid fever may be protected against re-infection, even though
      the re-infecting organism is of a different phage type. Differences in the
      magnitude of the original and subsequent infecting inocula appear to influence
      the response to rechallenge.

PMID- 13702955
TI  - Comparison of intracerebral and intraperitoneal infective techniques for assaying
      mouse virulence of Salmonella typhosa strains.

PMID- 13702956
TI  - Effect of typhoid O antigen (endotoxin) on the virulence of an O-deficient
      variant of Salmonella typhosa.

PMID- 13702957
TI  - Recurrence of malignant melanoma after 21 years.

PMID- 13702958
TI  - [Experimental study of lesions induced by trimethylthiophanium camphorsulfonate
      on the mucosa of the upper air ways].

PMID- 13702959
TI  - Proteolytic activity of crude stem extracts from normal and tumour tissues of
      plants.

PMID- 13702960
TI  - [Use of diffusion precipitation for the examination of food products and for the
      medicolegal identification].

PMID- 13702961
TI  - Haemolytic disease of the newborn.

PMID- 13702962
TI  - The digital nerves and the nerve endings in progressive obliterative vascular
      disease of the leg.

PMID- 13702963
TI  - Nonglucose meliturias.

PMID- 13702964
TI  - The response of infants to poliomyelitis immunization after neonatal immunization
      with triple antigen.

PMID- 13702965
TI  - A freeze-dried vaccine from isoniazid-resistant B.C.G. A clinical investigation.

PMID- 13702966
TI  - Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. A successful imposter.

PMID- 13702967
TI  - A biochemical approach to learning and memory.

PMID- 13702968
TI  - Repeated measurements designs and counterbalancing.

PMID- 13702969
TI  - The effect of reserpine on acid gastric secretion in anaesthetized cat.

PMID- 13702970
TI  - Effect of reserpine on gastric acidity.

PMID- 13702971
TI  - [Serial radiography in simultaneous tomography].

PMID- 13702972
TI  - [Some new data on the utilization of iron for the synthesis of hemoglobin in the
      course of experimental saturnism].

PMID- 13702973
TI  - The therapeutic effect of adenosine-5-monophosphoric acid in porphyria.

PMID- 13702974
TI  - [Experimental prophyria observed in the white rat following intoxication with
      hexachlorobenzene].

PMID- 13702975
TI  - [The resorption of iron administered by rectal route].

PMID- 13702976
TI  - [Therapeutic action of adenosine-5-monophosphoric acid on experimental porphyria
      of the white rat from intoxication with hexachlorbenzene].

PMID- 13702977
TI  - [Adenosine monophosphoric acid in the treatment of idiopathic porphyrias].

PMID- 13702978
TI  - Studies on kuru. IV. The kuru pattern in Moke, a representative Fore village.

PMID- 13702979
TI  - Studies on kuru. III. Patterns of kuru incidence: demographic and geographic
      epidemiological analysis.

PMID- 13702980
TI  - Studies on kuru. I. The ethnologic setting of kuru.

PMID- 13702981
TI  - [Serial exposures in simultaneous tomography].

PMID- 13702982
TI  - [Effect of soybean oil on selected coagulation indices].

PMID- 13702983
TI  - [Effect of the consumption of various fats on the fibrinolytic activity of the
      blood serum in normal subjects and in coronary patients].

PMID- 13702984
TI  - [Perthes' syndrome after crushing of the thorax].

PMID- 13702985
TI  - [A method for preventive-medical activity in a regional hygienic center].

PMID- 13702986
TI  - Preliminary report on modified vesicourethropexy.

PMID- 13702987
TI  - [On the use of phenatine in hypertension with asthenic syndrome in aged
      subjects].

PMID- 13702988
TI  - Metabolism of fluoroacetic acid-2-C-14 in the intact rat.

PMID- 13702989
TI  - Levels of serotonin during convulsion and the effect of reserpine.

PMID- 13702990
TI  - Studies on the metabolism of 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). I. Effect of
      starvation and thiamine deficiency.

PMID- 13702992
TI  - [Role of the "absolute" eosinophil count in the prognosis of acute uremia].

PMID- 13702991
TI  - Studies on enzyme inhibition by fluoromalate and fluoroacetoacetates.

PMID- 13702993
TI  - [Medical services for industrial workers].

PMID- 13702994
TI  - [Cooperation in sanitary education].

PMID- 13702995
TI  - [Study of the action of imipramine on parkinsonian akinesia].

PMID- 13702996
TI  - [Unusual complication in pyelolithotomy].

PMID- 13702997
TI  - [Single-stage splenoportography in portal hypertension].

PMID- 13702998
TI  - [Role of the olocal reflex component in the mechanism of cardiac reactions to
      increased intra-pulmonary pressure and hypertension in the venae cavae].

PMID- 13702999
TI  - [A method for the study of the status of the tone in peripheral areas of the
      vascular bed in intact animals].

PMID- 13703000
TI  - [A new Soviet apparatus for artificial respiration during anesthesia (RN-59)].

PMID- 13703001
TI  - [On an apparatus for artificial respiration during anesthesia].

PMID- 13703003
TI  - [On the pathogenesis of Salmonella breslau infection].

PMID- 13703002
TI  - [Certain considerations on health services in the explosive-producing industry
      (Trotil)].

PMID- 13703004
TI  - [On nonepithelial tumors of the stomach].

PMID- 13703005
TI  - Evaluation of the jaundiced patient in the postoperative period.

PMID- 13703006
TI  - [Disorders of renal regulation and maintenance of water electrolyte balance in
      acute infectious diseases in children].

PMID- 13703007
TI  - Extralemniscal activation of auditory cortex in cats.

PMID- 13703008
TI  - A glia-neural theory of brain function.

PMID- 13703009
TI  - Neurophysiological studies on learning and motivation.

PMID- 13703010
TI  - [Effect of certain antibiotics and of vitamin B-12 on growth and on metamorphosis
      of tadpoles of Bufo vulgaris].

PMID- 13703011
TI  - [Effects of some antibiotics and vitamin B12 on the growth and metamorphosis of
      tadpoles of Bufo vulgaris].

PMID- 13703012
TI  - [Effect of hypophysectomy on the intracellular distribution of some acid
      hydrolases of the liver].

PMID- 13703013
TI  - [Pancreatic pseudocyst. Clinical, biochemical, anatomical and surgical
      observations].

PMID- 13703014
TI  - [Treatment of nephrosis in the child with cortical steroids. Observations on 278
      cases studied from 1952 to 1959].

PMID- 13703016
TI  - [Primary hepatic xanthoma].

PMID- 13703015
TI  - [Action of normal and cancerous serum on cells cultured "in vitro". Method of
      quantitative evaluation].

PMID- 13703017
TI  - [Penetration of the ribonucleic acid of yeast into the cells of the Landschuetz
      (ascites) carcinoma in vitro].

PMID- 13703018
TI  - [A mass outbreak of Bornholm disease with the isolation of Coxsackie virus type
      B3].

PMID- 13703019
TI  - Midwifery in a general practice; a ten-year review.

PMID- 13703020
TI  - [Results of palliative surgery in the treatment of patients with tetralogy of
      fallot, atresia of the right venous orifice and transposition of the blood
      vessels with disorders of pulmonary circulation].

PMID- 13703021
TI  - [Summer-fall mosquito (Japanese) encephalitis].

PMID- 13703022
TI  - [2 cases of oriental sore of long incubation].

PMID- 13703023
TI  - [Action of intravenous Rauwolfia alkaloids in the treatment of coronary
      insufficiency].

PMID- 13703024
TI  - [Recent advances in biochemistry applied to surgery (1959)].

PMID- 13703026
TI  - [Benign tumors of the thorax].

PMID- 13703025
TI  - [Surgical complications of staphylococcal pneumopathies].

PMID- 13703027
TI  - Effect of antiserum and antibiotics on persistent infection of HeLa cells with
      meningopneumonitis virus.

PMID- 13703028
TI  - [Effect of vibrations on certain characteristics of the flexor reflex].

PMID- 13703029
TI  - Hypothermia in the management of brain injuries.

PMID- 13703030
TI  - Salmonella saintpaul infection in England and Wales in 1959.

PMID- 13703031
TI  - Discussion on hearing and speech disorders in childhood. The teacher's angle.

PMID- 13703032
TI  - [Psychiatry and pediatrics. Child psychiatry as seen from a chair of pediatrics].

PMID- 13703033
TI  - [The neonatal states. Concept, evaluation and classification].

PMID- 13703034
TI  - [Preface to a study of semihospitalism].

PMID- 13703035
TI  - Ethos, existentialism and psychotherapy.

PMID- 13703036
TI  - Psychoanalysis, 1959.

PMID- 13703037
TI  - Reflections on historical epochs in medical education.

PMID- 13703038
TI  - The gambler and his love.

PMID- 13703040
TI  - The comparative and additive effects of methylphenidate and bemegride.

PMID- 13703039
TI  - Trade routes and medicine.

PMID- 13703041
TI  - Attempt at transmission of shipping fever.

PMID- 13703043
TI  - Newcastle disease in turkeys.

PMID- 13703042
TI  - Isolation of a virus from clinical shipping fever in cattle.

PMID- 13703044
TI  - Hypothalamic control of pituitary gonadotrophins. Impairment in gestation,
      parturition and milk ejection following hypothalamic lesions.

PMID- 13703045
TI  - Studies of unclassified mycobacteria. I. In vivo response and morphologic studies
      of a photochromogen.

PMID- 13703046
TI  - Studies of opportunistic fungi. I. Inhibition of Rhizopus oryzae by human serum.

PMID- 13703047
TI  - Food balance sheets for the African populations of East Africa.

PMID- 13703048
TI  - Coenzyme Q. XXIV. On the significance of coenzyme Q10 in human tissues.

PMID- 13703050
TI  - [A case of luetic paroxysmal hemoglobinuria. Serological aspects].

PMID- 13703051
TI  - [Waldenstrom's simple hyperglobulinemic purpura].

PMID- 13703049
TI  - Some aspects of rehabilitation of the cardiac disabled.

PMID- 13703052
TI  - Investigations on vitamin A requirements during muscular exertion.

PMID- 13703053
TI  - [Xilateral lumbar hernia].

PMID- 13703054
TI  - [Post-appendectomy right inguinal hernia].

PMID- 13703055
TI  - [Echinococcosis of the pericardium].

PMID- 13703056
TI  - [Wedge resection of the liver in cancer of the gallbladder].

PMID- 13703057
TI  - Air pollution as determined by corrosion rates in test materials.

PMID- 13703059
TI  - [Result of the treatment of depressive conditions with iprazid (Marsilid)].

PMID- 13703058
TI  - [New data on the transmination of dicarboxylic amino acids and their amides].

PMID- 13703060
TI  - [Treatment with imizin (tofranil) of depressive conditions].

PMID- 13703061
TI  - [Succinylcholine in orthopedics and traumatology].

PMID- 13703063
TI  - [Giant follicular lymphopathy of a lymph node in the submaxillary gland.
      (Clinical and etiopathogenetic considerations)].

PMID- 13703062
TI  - [Brief considerations apropos of a case of uveolar and palatine hemangioma of
      exceptional dimensions].

PMID- 13703064
TI  - [On the vascularization of the stapedius muscle in man].

PMID- 13703065
TI  - [Anatomoclinical, histogenetic and therapeutic considerations on scleroderma.
      Apropos of 3 cases treated in the Otorhinolaryngological Clinic of Modena].

PMID- 13703068
TI  - [Cavo-pulmonary anastomosis].

PMID- 13703067
TI  - [The azulenes in the treatment of catarrhal inflammations in the
      otorhinolaryngoiatric field. (Results and considerations based on clinical
      experiences)].

PMID- 13703066
TI  - [Histochemical research on the various organs of otorhinolaryngoiatric interest
      in pyridoxine-deficient rats].

PMID- 13703069
TI  - [Alopecia and impletol].

PMID- 13703070
TI  - [Amphetamine anesthesia and psychotherapy of anxiety states].

PMID- 13703071
TI  - [Treatment of pain of cardiac origin with Ro 4-1634, 1-pivaloyl-2
      benzylhydrazine].

PMID- 13703072
TI  - Use of dexamethasone in treatment of cerebral edema associated with brain tumors.

PMID- 13703073
TI  - Use of dexamethasone in the treatment of cerebral edema resulting from brain
      tumors and brain surgery.

PMID- 13703074
TI  - Locating capillary microelectrode tips within nervous tissue.

PMID- 13703075
TI  - Bacterial infections of the ear, nose and throat treated with oral penicillin
      (potassium phenethicillin).

PMID- 13703076
TI  - [A method for the management of large cavities in border cases].

PMID- 13703077
TI  - Studies on the mechanism of the water drinking test.

PMID- 13703078
TI  - Evaluation of the water provocative test.

PMID- 13703079
TI  - The water provocative test in glaucomatous patients.

PMID- 13703080
TI  - Measurements of aqueous flow utilizing the perilimbal suction cup.

PMID- 13703081
TI  - Intraocular pressure following cataract extraction.

PMID- 13703082
TI  - Intravenous urea in retinal detachment surgery.

PMID- 13703084
TI  - Aqueous and blood urea nitrogen levels after intravenous urea administration.

PMID- 13703085
TI  - The mydriasis provocative test.

PMID- 13703083
TI  - [Application of the "suction cup" for the early diagnosis of glaucoma].

PMID- 13703087
TI  - Atherosclerosis in Puerto Rico. Study of early aortic lesions.

PMID- 13703088
TI  - Birds as hosts of Ilheus encephalitis virus in Panama.

PMID- 13703089
TI  - [Acute non-specific benign pericarditis (with a case report)].

PMID- 13703090
TI  - [Vaginal presence of fungi].

PMID- 13703086
TI  - [On the revitalizing action of procaine. Clinical results].

PMID- 13703091
TI  - [Recent research on the architecture of the ossicles of the ear].

PMID- 13703092
TI  - [Research on local anesthetic activity in subjects with pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 13703094
TI  - [Apparatus for the use of the audiometer in research on the electrical
      measurement of taste].

PMID- 13703093
TI  - [Research on the behavior of surface anesthesia in subjects with pulmonary
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 13703096
TI  - [On 2 cases of hypercrinic thinness].

PMID- 13703095
TI  - [Taste threshold values with a new electric taste meter].

PMID- 13703097
TI  - [The role of injury and stimulation of the spinal cord in development of
      contracture arising following its section].

PMID- 13703098
TI  - [The physical development of Petrozavodsk school children and methods for
      improvement in the light of new problems].

PMID- 13703099
TI  - [Electrophoretic studies on protein fractions in coli and breslau bacilli
      obtained by the assimilation of Bacillus breslau products].

PMID- 13703101
TI  - The three faces of medicine.

PMID- 13703100
TI  - Pyelonephritis.

PMID- 13703102
TI  - [Isolated ventricular septal defect. Anatomy, pathophysiology, clinical aspects
      and surgical treatment].

PMID- 13703103
TI  - [Isolated ventricular septum defects. Anatomy, pathophysiology, clinical aspects
      and surgical treatment].

PMID- 13703104
TI  - [ACTH and cortisone administration in inducing the reabsorption of vitreous and
      retinal hemorrhages].

PMID- 13703105
TI  - [ACTH and cortisone in the therapy of intraocular hemorrhages].

PMID- 13703106
TI  - [Examination and evaluation of visual fusion frequency with special reference to
      borderline problems].

PMID- 13703107
TI  - [Radiological examination of the lacrimal ducts in trachoma].

PMID- 13703108
TI  - Centriole replication. A study of spermatogenesis in the snail Viviparus.
AB  - This paper describes the replication of centrioles during spermatogenesis in the
      Prosobranch snail, Viviparus malleatus Reeve. Sections for electron microscopy
      were cut from pieces of testis fixed in OsO(4) and embedded in the polyester
      resin Vestopal W. Two kinds of spermatocytes are present. These give rise to
      typical uniflagellate sperm carrying the haploid number of 9 chromosomes, and
      atypical multiflagellate sperm with only one chromosome. Two centrioles are
      present in the youngest typical spermatocyte. Each is a hollow cylinder about 160
      mmicro in diameter and 330 mmicro long. The wall consists of 9 sets of triplet
      fibers arranged in a characteristic pattern. Sometime before pachytene an
      immature centriole, or procentriole as it will be called, appears next to each of
      the mature centrioles. The procentriole resembles a mature centriole in most
      respects except length: it is more annular than tubular. The daughter
      procentriole lies with its axis perpendicular to that of its parent. It
      presumably grows to full size during the late prophase, although the maturation
      stages have not been observed with the electron microscope. It is suggested that
      centrioles possess a constant polarization. The distal end forms the flagellum or
      other centriole products, while the proximal end represents the procentriole and
      is concerned with replication. The four centrioles of prophase (two parents and
      two daughters) are distributed by the two meiotic divisions to the four typical
      spermatids, in which they function as the basal bodies of the flagella. Atypical
      spermatocytes at first contain two normal centrioles. Each of these becomes
      surrounded by a cluster of procentrioles, which progressively elongate during the
      late prophase. After two aberrant meiotic divisions the centriole clusters give
      rise to the basal bodies of the multiflagellate sperm. These facts are discussed
      in the light of the theory, first proposed by Pollister, that the supernumerary
      centrioles in the atypical cells are derived from the centromeres of degenerating
      chromosomes.

PMID- 13703109
TI  - [The serum lysozyme activity in chronic lupus erythematosus].

PMID- 13703110
TI  - [A case of cutaneous reticuloendotheliosis of the mycosis fungoides type].

PMID- 13703111
TI  - [Hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of chronic erythematosus].

PMID- 13703112
TI  - Prolonged maintenance of coronary sinus catheters in dogs for study of myocardial
      metabolism.

PMID- 13703113
TI  - Subarachnoid alcohol block. II. Histologic changes in the central nervous system.

PMID- 13703114
TI  - Evaluation of colon dysfunction.
AB  - There being no new or advanced technical aids to help the clinician in evaluating
      colon dysfunction, he must still depend on a careful history, knowledge of the
      patient, physical examination, which includes sigmoidoscopy, and a few
      appropriate diagnostic laboratory procedures to arrive at the proper diagnosis.
      With these means, it is possible to make a positive diagnosis of irritable bowel
      syndrome, and differentiate it from diverticulitis, ulcerative proctitis and
      polypoid disease.

PMID- 13703116
TI  - Developments in psychological theory and knowledge relevant to mental
      retardation.

PMID- 13703115
TI  - The Gelbdorf affair; an examination of institutional dilemmas in a progressive
      mental hospital.

PMID- 13703117
TI  - Prostatectomy, indications and choice of procedures.

PMID- 13703118
TI  - Maturity ratings and the prediction of height of short 14-year-old boys.

PMID- 13703119
TI  - Response of starved rats and polycythemic rats to graded doses of erythropoietin.

PMID- 13703120
TI  - Erythropoietin production in uremic rabbits.

PMID- 13703121
TI  - Social services in Ireland.

PMID- 13703122
TI  - Research and the scientific method in medical technology.

PMID- 13703124
TI  - Classification of pulmonary hypertension.

PMID- 13703123
TI  - Q Fever.

PMID- 13703126
TI  - [Transferrin groups in the monkey].

PMID- 13703127
TI  - Determination of fetal hemoglobin in the maternal circulation.

PMID- 13703128
TI  - Relationship between thymineless death and ultraviolet inactivation in
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - Gallant, J. (Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.), and S. R. Suskind.
      Relationship between thymineless death and ultraviolet inactivation in
      Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 82:187-194. 1961.-At 37 C, cultures of
      Escherichia coli strain B3 growing in the absence of thymine undergo unbalanced
      growth and thymineless death. Thymineless death also occurs at 37 C in 2 mug of
      chloramphenicol per ml despite virtually complete inhibition of cell growth and
      net protein synthesis. Thymineless cultures growing at 25 C exhibit unbalanced
      synthesis of ribonucleic acid and of protein without lethality. Examination of
      the kinetics of ultraviolet inactivation of cells grown under these three
      conditions indicates that the mean lethal dose of ultraviolet irradiation
      decreases with unbalanced protein synthesis whether or not thymineless death
      occurs, whereas the latter is specifically correlated with a transition from
      multihit to single hit inactivation kinetics. The time course of this transition
      correlates well with that of thymineless death, and preirradiated cells show a
      shorter lag period before the onset of thymineless death. These results,
      therefore, suggest that thymineless death is due to an inactivation of those
      cellular units which are sensitive to ultraviolet irradiation, presumably nuclei
      or some nuclear function.

PMID- 13703130
TI  - [Tracheostomy in respiratory insufficiency. Analysis of 1 year of experience in
      the Department of Surgery of Roosevelt Hospital].

PMID- 13703129
TI  - [Plasmodium indices in the Chad region: Fort Lamy and Central Chari (Fort
      Archambault)].

PMID- 13703131
TI  - [Our experience with megaloblastic anemias and the digestive apparatus].

PMID- 13703132
TI  - [Surgical indications in biliary pathology].

PMID- 13703133
TI  - [Aneurysm of the hepatic artery].

PMID- 13703134
TI  - [On the importance of carotid sphygmography associated with phonocardiography in
      the diagnosis of systolic murmur].

PMID- 13703135
TI  - [Influence of various factors on the ciliary function of the nasal mucosa of
      guinea pigs].