PMID- 1133304 TI - Occurrence of trifluralin and its photoproducts in air. PMID- 1133305 TI - Application of a thermionic detector in the analysis of s-triazine herbicides. PMID- 1133306 TI - Determination of carbofuran and its toxic metabolites in animal tissue by gas chromatography of their N-trifluoroacetyl derivatives. PMID- 1133307 TI - Gas-liquid chromatographic determination of ethion, ethion monooxon, and ethion dioxon in tissues of turkeys and cattle. PMID- 1133308 TI - Improved determination of residues of phorate and its principle netabolites. PMID- 1133309 TI - Terpenoid ethers as juvenile hormone analogs. PMID- 1133310 TI - Decomposition products of L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester and their identification by gas-liquid chromatography. PMID- 1133311 TI - A method for the determination of ethylenethiuram monosulfide on food crops. PMID- 1133312 TI - Sulfhydryl group content of chicken breast muscle during post-mortem aging. PMID- 1133313 TI - Phytosterols of Cannibas smoke. PMID- 1133314 TI - The training of child psychiatrists. Is quantitative and qualitative improvement possible? PMID- 1133315 TI - Certification of the child psychiatrist. What is special about the specialist? PMID- 1133316 TI - Training the child psychiatrist. Views from a training director. PMID- 1133317 TI - Child psychiatry. Training:view from a Fellow. PMID- 1133318 TI - A model for a graduate education program in child psychiatry. PMID- 1133319 TI - Training the child psychiatrist. Summary and conclusions. PMID- 1133320 TI - Use of college-student companions for psychotic children to avoid hospitalization. PMID- 1133321 TI - Hospitalized suicidal adolescents. Two generations. PMID- 1133322 TI - The challenge of community child psychiarty. The role of ambivalence. PMID- 1133323 TI - A systems approach to delivery of mental health services in North Halton County, Canada. PMID- 1133324 TI - The small assassins. Clinical notes on a subgroup of murderous children. PMID- 1133325 TI - Therapy of a 6-year-old who committed fratricide. PMID- 1133326 TI - Heller's syndrome: a form of childhood psychosis of multicausal origin. Case report and review of literature. PMID- 1133327 TI - Alkylation of enolate ions generated regiospecifically via organocopper reactions. Synthesis of decalin sesquiterpene valerane and of prostaglandin model systems. PMID- 1133328 TI - Photocycloaddition of coumarin to tetramethylethylene. A photoreaction associated with the apparent interception of the coumarin singlet excimer. PMID- 1133329 TI - A total syntheses of dl-camptothecin. PMID- 1133330 TI - Nitrosylmetalloporphyrins. II. Synthesis and molecular stereochemistry of mitrosyl-alpha, beta, gamma, delta,-tetraphenylporphinatoiron (ii) PMID- 1133331 TI - Classification of psychotropic drugs as sedatives or tranquilizersusing pattern recongition techniques. PMID- 1133332 TI - Letter: Very fast zinc-catalyzed hydrolysis of an anhydride. A model for the rate and mechanism of carboxypeptidase A catalysis. PMID- 1133333 TI - Letter: on the mechanism of firefly luciferin luminescence. PMID- 1133334 TI - Letter: Identification of tryptophan resonances in natural abundance carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of proteins. Application of partially relaxed Fourier transfrom spectroscopy. PMID- 1133335 TI - Energy transfer in fluorescent derivatives of uracil and thymine;. PMID- 1133336 TI - Purine N-oxides. LX. The photoreaction of 6-methyl- and 6,9-dimethylpurine 1 oxides. PMID- 1133337 TI - A nuclear magnetic resonance investigation of the conformation of nicotinamide mononucleotide in aqueous solution. PMID- 1133338 TI - Synthesis and biological activity of enantio-(5-valine)malformin, a palindrome peptide. PMID- 1133339 TI - Tetrahydrofolic acid model studies. I. Equilibrium and kinetic studies of the reactions of symmetrically substituted N,N'-diphenylethylenediamines with formaldehyde. Carbinolamine and imidazolidine formation. PMID- 1133340 TI - Mechanisms of isoalloxazine (flavine) hydrolysis. PMID- 1133341 TI - Letter: Conformational studies of pantetheine and the pantetheine moiety of coenzyme A. PMID- 1133342 TI - Letter: A new class of potent guanine antimetabolites. Synthesis of 3 deazaguanine, 3-deazaguanosine, and 3-deazaguanylic acid by a novel ring closure of imidazole precursors. PMID- 1133343 TI - Letter: Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of exchangeable protons. I. Fourier transform saturation-recovery and transfer of saturation of the tryptophan indole nitrogen proton. PMID- 1133344 TI - Chemical evolution. XXVI. Photochemistry of methane, nitrogen, and water mixture as a model for the atmosphere of the primitive earth. PMID- 1133345 TI - Chemical transformations of penicillins and cephalosporins. Mechanism and stereochemistry of the interconversions of penam and cepham systems. PMID- 1133346 TI - Reactions of metals with vitamins. I. Crystal and molecular structure of thiaminium tetrachlorocadmate monohydrate. PMID- 1133347 TI - Letter: Nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation in frozen lysozyme solutions. PMID- 1133348 TI - Letter: Mechanism of the reaction of dithiols with flavins. PMID- 1133349 TI - Letter: A route to prostaglandins via a general synthesis of 4 hydroxycyclopentenones. PMID- 1133350 TI - Letter: Phosphite coupling procedure for generating internucleotide links. PMID- 1133351 TI - Stopped flow fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. An application to the alpha-chymotrypsin-catalyzed hydrolysis of tert-butyl-L phenylalanine. PMID- 1133352 TI - Structure and reactivity of ruthenium (II) porphyrin complexes. Photochemical ligand ejection and formation of ruthenium porphyrin dimers. PMID- 1133353 TI - Electrochemical and spectral characterization of the reduction steps of mu-oxo bis(iron tetraphinylporphyrin) dimer in dimethylformamide. PMID- 1133354 TI - Coordination isomers of biological iron transport compounds, IV, Giometrical isomers of chromic desferriferrioxamine B. PMID- 1133355 TI - Bis annelations via 6-methyl-2-vinylpyridine. An efficient synthesis of dl-D homoestrone. PMID- 1133356 TI - A stereoselective synthesis of two stereoisomers of demethylgorgosterol. PMID- 1133357 TI - Effect of aromatic cations on the tertiary structure of deoxyribonucleic acid. PMID- 1133358 TI - Crystal and molecular structure of 2,2,5-endo,6-exo,8,9,10-heptachlorobornane, c10H11Ci7, a toxic component of toxaphene insecticide. PMID- 1133359 TI - Crysta andmolecular structure of the orthorhombic form of prostaglandin al. PMID- 1133360 TI - Rationalization of the rate of the acylation step in chymotrypsin-catalyzed hydrolysis of amides. PMID- 1133361 TI - Studies on the early stages of Papaver alkaloid biogenesis. PMID- 1133362 TI - Synthesis of a triazole homo-C-nucleoside. PMID- 1133363 TI - A photolabile protecting group for histidine. PMID- 1133364 TI - Letter: Extrusion of Fe2S2 and Fe4S4 cores from the active sites of ferredoxin proteins. PMID- 1133365 TI - Synthetic analogs of the active sites of iron-sulfur proteins; X. Kinetics and mechanism of the ligand substitution reactions of arylthiols with the tetranuclear clusters [Fe4S4(SR)4]2 minus;. PMID- 1133366 TI - Letter: Synthesis of novel macrocyclic lactones in the prostaglandin and polyether antibiotic series. PMID- 1133367 TI - Letter: Resonance Raman studies of nitric oxide hemoglobin. PMID- 1133368 TI - Letter: Tryptoquivaline and tryptoquivalone, two tremorgenic metabolites of aspergillus clavatus. PMID- 1133369 TI - Letter: Gnididin, gniditrin, and gnidicin, novel potent antileukemic diterpenoid esters from Gnidia lamprantha. PMID- 1133370 TI - Letter: A model dehydrogenase reaction. Charge distribution in the transition state. PMID- 1133371 TI - Stereospecific total synthesis of prostaglandins via reaction of alpha alkylcyclopentenones with organocuprates. PMID- 1133372 TI - Asymmetric total synthesis of (minus)-prostaglandin E1 and (minus)-prostaglandin E2. PMID- 1133373 TI - Optimal strategies for the chemical and enzymatic synthesis of bihelical deoxyribonucleic acids. PMID- 1133374 TI - Proton nuclear magnetic resonance study of hindered internal rotation of the dimethylamino group of N-6, N-6-dimethyladenine hydrochloride in aqueous solution. PMID- 1133375 TI - Letter: Ferric porphyrin thiolates. Possible relationship to cytochrome P-450 enzymes and the structure of (p-nitrobenzenethiolato)iron(III) protoporphyrin IX dimethyl ester. PMID- 1133376 TI - Letter: Primary amine cytalysis of the isomerization of a beta, gamma-unsatureate ketone to its alpha, beta-unsaturated isomer. A possible model for enzymatic double bone migration in unsaturated ketones. PMID- 1133377 TI - A 1-H nuclear magnetic resonance determination of the conformations of the polyene chain portions of 9-cis- and 13-cis-retinal in solution. PMID- 1133378 TI - Resonance Raman study of cobalt (II)--imidazole compleses as models for metalloproteins. PMID- 1133379 TI - Stereoselective addition of organocopper reagents to acetylenic esters and amides. Synthesis of juvenile hormone analogs. PMID- 1133380 TI - Kinetic study of the hydrolysis of lecithin monolayers by Crotalus adamanteus alpha-phospholipase A2. monomer--dimer equilibrium. PMID- 1133381 TI - Theory of weak molecular complexes. III. Observation equations for multiple equilibria and an application to protein charge-transfer titrations. PMID- 1133382 TI - Inverstigation of the solution conformation of coenzyme A and its derivatives by hydrogen-1 and phosphorus-31 fast Fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. PMID- 1133383 TI - Letter: The structure of saxitoxin. PMID- 1133384 TI - Letter: A biogenetically patterned synthesis of the morphine alkaloids. PMID- 1133385 TI - Letter: Studies of heavy metal binding with polynucleotides using optical detection of magnetic resonance. Silver(I) binding. PMID- 1133386 TI - Letter: Modification of firefly luciferase with a luciferin analog. A red light producing enzyme. PMID- 1133387 TI - Letter: Enzymic epoxidation of squalene variants. PMID- 1133388 TI - Letter: Free radical cyclization of unsaturated hydroperoxides. PMID- 1133389 TI - Letter: Application of carbon-13 magnetic resonance to isoprenoid biosynthesis. I. Ovalicin. PMID- 1133390 TI - A new homoporphyrin system. The 21-ethoxycarbonyl-5, 10, 15, 20-tetraphenyl-21 H 21-homoporphine. Crystal structure and molecular stereochemistry of the nickel(II) complex. PMID- 1133391 TI - Kinetics of substitution reactions of alpha, beta, gamma, delta-tetra-(4-N methylpyridyl) porphinediaquocobalt (III). PMID- 1133392 TI - "Picket fence porphyrins." Synthetic models for oxygen binding hemoproteins. PMID- 1133393 TI - Proton-exchange reactions of acetone and butanone. Resolution of steps in catalysis by acetoacetate decarboxylase. PMID- 1133394 TI - Model ligands for copper proteins. Proton magnetic resonance study of acetylhistamine and acetylhistidine complexes with copper(I). PMID- 1133395 TI - Preparation of a new o-nitrobenzyl resin for solid-phase synthesis of tert butyloxycarbonyl-protected peptide acids. PMID- 1133396 TI - Letter: Contribution of tyrosine residues to the optical activity of ribonuclease S. PMID- 1133397 TI - Letter: Levulinic esters. An alcohol protecting group applicable to some nucleosides. PMID- 1133398 TI - A thermochemical study of the hydrolysis of urea by urease. PMID- 1133399 TI - An intracavity laser temperature jump apparatus and its application to the interaction of methylisonitrile with hemoglobin beta chains. PMID- 1133400 TI - Resonance Raman spectra of cobalt myoglobins and cobalt porphyrins. Evaluation of protein effects on porphyrin structure. PMID- 1133401 TI - Stereochemistry of macrolides. I. 1a-Conformation of aglycones of pikromycin and narbomycin and their derivatives. PMID- 1133402 TI - Bovine serum albumin as a catalyst. II. Characterization of the kinetics. PMID- 1133403 TI - Letter: Stereospecific interaction of dipeptide amides with DNA. Evidence for partial intercalation and bending of the helix. PMID- 1133404 TI - Letter: Kinetic isotope effects for the chymotrypsin catalyzed hydrolysis of ethoxyl-18 O labeled specific ester substrates. PMID- 1133405 TI - Letter: Binding and activation of enzymic substrates by metal complexes. II. Delocalized acetylene complexes of molybdenum. PMID- 1133406 TI - Letter: Structure of the insect phagorepellent azadirachtin. Application of PRFT/CWD carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance. PMID- 1133407 TI - Letter: Structure of everninomicin D-1. PMID- 1133408 TI - One-electron redox reactions of water-soluble vitamins. III. Pyridoxine and pyridoxal phosphate (vitamin B6). PMID- 1133409 TI - Kinetic studies in bile acid micelles. PMID- 1133410 TI - Triplet-sensitized cis-trans isomerization of the protonated schiff base of retinal isomers. PMID- 1133411 TI - Letter: Structure of a flavoprotein-inactivator model compound. PMID- 1133412 TI - Letter: Strand breaks and sugar release by gamma-irradiation of DNA in aqueous solution. PMID- 1133413 TI - Letter: Total synthesis of (plus or minus)-vermiculine. PMID- 1133414 TI - Letter: Active site directed inhibition of enzymes utilizing deaminatively produced carbonium ions. Application to chymotrypsin. PMID- 1133415 TI - Letter: Structural interpretation of heme protein resonance Raman frequencies. Preliminary normal coordinate analysis results. PMID- 1133416 TI - Interaction of metal ions with 8-azapurines. Synthesis and structure of tetrachlorobis-2-((5-amino-4-carboxamidinium)(1,2,3)triazole)copper(II) monohydrate. PMID- 1133417 TI - A proton nuclear magnetic resonance study of the site of metal binding in tetracycline. PMID- 1133418 TI - Structure revision of the antibiotic echinomycin. PMID- 1133419 TI - Total synthesis of the cephalotaxus alkaloids. Cephalotaxine, cephalotaxinone, and demethylcephalotaxinone. PMID- 1133420 TI - Total synthesis of the Cephalotaxus alkaloids. A problem in nucleophilic aromatic substitution. PMID- 1133421 TI - Molecular and crystal structure of streptonigrin. PMID- 1133422 TI - Letter: Concerning the intermediacy of uro'gen III and of a heptacarboxylic uro'gen in corrinoid biosynthesis. PMID- 1133423 TI - Letter: Biosynthesis of cephalotaxus alkaloids. I. Novel mode of tyrosine incorporation into cephalotaxine. PMID- 1133424 TI - Letter: Solid phase peptide synthesis by oxidation-reduction condensation. PMID- 1133425 TI - Letter: Irreversible inhibition of delta-5-3-ketosteroid isomerase by 5,10 secosteroids. PMID- 1133426 TI - Letter: On the fluorescence of bilirubin. PMID- 1133427 TI - Letter: Depolarized light scattering and carbon nuclear resonance measurements of the isotropic rotational correlation time of muscle calcium binding protein. PMID- 1133428 TI - Distribution of aflatoxins in various fractions separated from raw peanuts and defatted peanut meal. PMID- 1133429 TI - Safety of emulsifiers in fats and oils. PMID- 1133430 TI - Safety evaluation and biochemical behavior of monotertiarybutylhydroquinone. PMID- 1133431 TI - Vitamin E as a food additive. PMID- 1133432 TI - Chemical analysis of polymerization products in abused fats and oils. PMID- 1133433 TI - Effect of dietary fat upon aflatoxicosis in rats fed torula yeast containing diet. PMID- 1133434 TI - Lipids and fatty acids of important finfish: new data for nutrient tables. PMID- 1133435 TI - Destruction of aflatoxins in peanut protein isolates by sodium hypochlorite. PMID- 1133436 TI - Address of the outgoing president. A matter of candor sacrifice and faith. PMID- 1133437 TI - Address of the incoming president. Preserve, protect and defend. PMID- 1133438 TI - Preceptor activities in the community pharmacy. PMID- 1133439 TI - Maximum allowable cost program a close-up look. PMID- 1133440 TI - Seeking redress from governmental tinkering. PMID- 1133441 TI - Experiences of the new pharmacy system in Sweden. PMID- 1133442 TI - Brand substitution the consumer's viewpoint. PMID- 1133443 TI - Physicians' attitudes regarding patients' knowledge of prescribed medications. PMID- 1133444 TI - Clinical pharmacy practice in an outpatient clinic. PMID- 1133445 TI - Clinical pharmacy practice in a community mental health center. PMID- 1133446 TI - Nitrofurantoin. PMID- 1133447 TI - A systematic metapsychological assessment of the course of an analysis. PMID- 1133448 TI - A critical assessment of the future of psychoanalysis: a view from within. PMID- 1133449 TI - Parenthood as a developmental phase. PMID- 1133450 TI - Psychoanalytic therapy. Termination: problems and techniques. PMID- 1133451 TI - Psychoanalysis in community psychiatry: reflections on some theoretical implications. PMID- 1133452 TI - Reflections on the special senses in relation to the development of affect with special emphasis on blindness. AB - In congenital blindness, the absence of vision can be compensated for by the utilization of the tactile and auditory senses, resulting in normal affect and ego development. Some of the major problems in the way of such compensation were noted. Adventitious blindness produces disruption of ego functions, with severe affect manifestations, notably grief and mourning reactions and actual dependency. The factors favoring successful or unsuccessful resolution of mourning and restoration of normal ego functions were indicated. PMID- 1133453 TI - Tracing a memory. AB - Comparisons of the nests of associations within which a single memory reappeared during the course of an analysis deemed successful by analysis and patient revealed changes in content and structure of these matrices. Judges, given a sample of associations surrounding a reappearance, were able to relate a particular appearance to its sequential location in the development and flow of an analysis. In the study samples, the patient became increasingly active and insightful as the analysis progressed. Resistance decreased, and the memory, initially given as a narrative report, became a powerful metaphor for the examination of conflicts concerning aggression and its defense, passivity. The results of the judges' analyses and of the thematic analysis suggest that a close examination of associations surrounding a repeated stimulus, a single memory, can be used as an index of analytic progress. PMID- 1133454 TI - Some pitfalls in the assessment of analyzability in a psychoanalytic clinic. AB - We have described some of the problems encountered in an analyzability committee's evolving approach to the assessment of applicants to a psychoanalytic clinic. A primary error was to think in terms of the level of drive development- equating pathology at an oedipal level with analyzability. Recognition that the more important issue for assessment purposes was the presence or absence of those ego capacities and personality characteristics necessary for success in analysis has led to a reorientation of our approach. PMID- 1133455 TI - Variability of the iron, copper and mercury contents of individual red blood cells. AB - The relative iron, copper and mercury contents of individual, isolated erythrocytes from eight people were determined by analytical electron microscopy. The variation in iron content between erythrocytes of the same sample is more than six times, for copper content more than tem times and for mercury more than five times. Similar variations were observed for 1-day-old chick defintive erythrocytes and for 4-day-old chick embryo primitive erythrocytes. The range of variation does not depend greatly, it at all, on the age of the erythroyctes or the tissue of origin. There is little or no correlation between the variation of iron contnet and that of copper. The cause of the wide variation of metallic ion contnt among erythroyctes is not yet known. PMID- 1133456 TI - Non-specific stenotic lesions of small bowel. PMID- 1133457 TI - Osteopetrosis. PMID- 1133458 TI - Leriche's syndrome. PMID- 1133459 TI - Treacher collin's syndrome. PMID- 1133460 TI - Editorial: Journal of the indian medical association. PMID- 1133461 TI - Correlation study between sphygmomanometric and intraluminal estimation of blood pressure in hypertensive subjects. PMID- 1133462 TI - Stapedectomy. PMID- 1133463 TI - Methods of intestinal anastomosis--an experimental study in dogs. PMID- 1133464 TI - Coagulation profile of congenital heart disease during cardio-pulmonary bypass surgery. PMID- 1133465 TI - Risk factors of digoxin intoxication. PMID- 1133466 TI - Rhinosporidiosis. PMID- 1133467 TI - Primary abdominal pregnancy complicated by intestinal obstruction. PMID- 1133468 TI - Massive intravenous frusemide therapy in acute renal failure. PMID- 1133469 TI - Editorial: Journal of the indian medical association. PMID- 1133470 TI - Weight gain in pregnancy. PMID- 1133471 TI - Gastro-intestinal malignancies in ludhiana. PMID- 1133472 TI - Augmented histamine test in gastroduodenal diseases. PMID- 1133473 TI - Significance of bacteriuria in pregnancy. PMID- 1133474 TI - Ocular rhinosporidiosis in west bengal. PMID- 1133475 TI - Editorial: Journal of the indian medical association. PMID- 1133476 TI - The exiles: indian doctors abroad. PMID- 1133477 TI - Letter: Correspondence. PMID- 1133478 TI - Editorial: Journal of the indian medical association. PMID- 1133479 TI - Mobile intensive coronary care ambulance. PMID- 1133480 TI - Demographic and socio-economic study of mass vasectomy. PMID- 1133481 TI - Integration of child health with family planning. PMID- 1133482 TI - Tolerance to a new iron formulation. PMID- 1133483 TI - Postoperative wound infections. PMID- 1133484 TI - Rhinosporidiosis. PMID- 1133485 TI - Superficial lymphadenitis in children with intrathoracic tuberculosis. PMID- 1133486 TI - Orchioblastoma in infancy. PMID- 1133487 TI - Ocular rhinosporidiosis. PMID- 1133488 TI - RNA synthesis in the follicular epithelium of the milkweed bug ovary. PMID- 1133489 TI - Reversal of pupal diapause in Sarcophaga argyrostoma by temperature shifts after puparium formation. PMID- 1133490 TI - Sites of action of a peptide neurohormone that controls hindgut muscle activity in the cockroach Leucophaea maderae. PMID- 1133491 TI - Action of ecdysoids, juvenoids, and non-hormonal agents on termination of pupal diapause in the flesh fly. PMID- 1133492 TI - Lipase activity and stimulation mechanism of esterases in the midgut of female Aedes aegypti. PMID- 1133493 TI - The nature of the changes in the pattern of RNA synthesis by the juvenile hormone analogue Altosid. PMID- 1133494 TI - Leptospirosis in the United States, 1971-1973. PMID- 1133495 TI - Algorithms in the diagnosis and management of exotic diseases. III. Strongyloidiasis. PMID- 1133496 TI - Reye's syndrome: report of cases and a review of literature. PMID- 1133498 TI - Surgery on gastrointestinal scleroderma: subtotal colectomy. PMID- 1133497 TI - Digital ischemia: hypothenar hammer syndrome. PMID- 1133499 TI - Ovarian tumors: the ultrastructure of benign serous cystadenomas. PMID- 1133500 TI - The American College of Sports Medicine: position statement on prevention of heat injuries during distance running. PMID- 1133501 TI - Practice, mal and otherwise. PMID- 1133502 TI - Fever, infection and cancer patient. PMID- 1133503 TI - Diuretic effect of combined thiazide and amiloride. PMID- 1133504 TI - Diagnostic value of conization. PMID- 1133505 TI - Effect of nandrolone phenylpropionate on the thymus under varying degrees of casein deficiency. PMID- 1133507 TI - Wilson - Mikity syndrome: report 5 cases. PMID- 1133506 TI - Thailand: estimates of the potential impact of family planning on maternal and infant mortality. PMID- 1133508 TI - Apert's syndrome (the typical form of acrocephalosyndactyly): report of two cases. PMID- 1133509 TI - Primary ovarian pregnancy with intrauterine device in situ. PMID- 1133510 TI - The value of single specimen estrogen/creatinine ratio determination during pregnancy. PMID- 1133511 TI - Nephrotic syndrome of childhood: roles of immunologic mechanisms and intravascular clotting process. PMID- 1133512 TI - Distribution and content of vitamin A in the liver of Thais. PMID- 1133513 TI - Intermittent alcaptonuria. PMID- 1133514 TI - Angiomas and primary intraventricular hemorrhage. PMID- 1133515 TI - Phenylketonuria: report of two untreated cases with biochemical study of homozygote and heterozygote. PMID- 1133516 TI - Proceedings: A tri-iodothyronine withdrawal test for hypothalamic-pituitary thyroid adequacy. PMID- 1133517 TI - Proceedings: Absence of interference by antithyroglobulin and antimicrosomal antibodies in a radio-receptor assay for long-acting thyroid stimulator. PMID- 1133518 TI - Proceedings: Effect of a low iodine diet on 131-I therapy in follicular thyroid carcinomata. PMID- 1133519 TI - Proceedings: The role of vasopressin in memory consolidation. PMID- 1133520 TI - Proceedings: Sex differences and gonadal hormones in Hebb-Williams maze performance in adult rats. PMID- 1133521 TI - Proceedings: Failure of perinatal administration of testosterone propionate to disrupt receptive behaviour in the female ferret. PMID- 1133522 TI - Proceedings: Sexual behaviour of male rats, implanted in the brain with 19 hydroxytestosterone. PMID- 1133523 TI - Proceedings: Pheromonal stimulation of puberty in female mice. PMID- 1133524 TI - Proceedings: Gonadal hormones and behaviour in the stumptail macaque (Macaca arctoides) under laboratory conditions: a preliminary report. PMID- 1133525 TI - Proceedings: The sertoli cell in the testis of the black molly (Mollienisia latipinna). PMID- 1133526 TI - Hypophysectomy of the tammar wallaby, Macropus eugenii: surgical approach and general effects. AB - A technique of hypophysectomy and regimes of pre- and post-operative care were developed for the tammar wallaby, Macropus eugenii, to a stage when animals can survive the operation with little apparent stress. Thyroid and adrenal gland weights declined after hypophysectomy, especially within the first 20-30 days. Changes in the adrenal cortex after hypophysectomy suggested that this region may have a zonal organization different from that in eutherian mammals. The reproductive tracts of males and females lost weight rapidly after hypophysectomy. Eleven plasma parameters were studied for the effects of hypophysectomy. There was a reduction in sodium and chloride and a tendency to higher potassium levels, reflecting inadequate adrenal cortical function. Calcium and total protein values remained unaffected, but inorganic phosphate, glucose and cholesterol were depleted, and a less significant depletion in blood urea, nitrogen and uric acid was evident. PMID- 1133527 TI - Proceedings: Evidence of steroid C17, 20 lyase activity in ovine foeto-placental tissue. PMID- 1133528 TI - Proceedings: Lack of placental transport of oxytocin from foetal lamb to pregnant ewe between 114 and 134 days of gestation. PMID- 1133529 TI - Influence of oestrogen on the initiation of nesting behaviour in female budgerigars. AB - Intact, breeding female budgerigars enter and occupy a nestbox 8-10 days before egg-laying. Ovariectomized budgerigars did not enter nestboxes. Oestradiol-17 beta monobenzoate (OB) (0-05 mg, i.m.) induced ovariectomized birds to enter nestboxes. Higher dosages (0-1 or 0-5 mg) did not facilitate this effect. The amount of time spent in nesting behaviour by all OB-treated groups did not differ from that shown by a group of intact females during the initial phase of the nesting sequence (first 4 days in the nestbox), but was significantly less than that of intact females undergoing later stages of nesting behaviour (4 days before and after laying the first egg). Oestradiol induced a increase in oviduct weight and size which was dose-dependent. With a low dose (0-05 mg OB), the oviducts were slightly larger than those of intact females which had been in the nestbox 1-2 days. With higher dose levels (0-1-0-5 mg OB), precursor albumen granules had formed in tubular glands of the magnum, a stage more typical of females which had been in the nestbox 4-6 days. The results indicate that low levels of oestrogen induce female budgerigars to enter nestboxes and initiate oviduct development. Subsequent phases of the nesting behaviour and oviduct development may be causally related to other hormones. PMID- 1133530 TI - Proceedings: Gonadotrophin, oestradiol-17beta and progesterone levels around the time of first ovulation in the rat. PMID- 1133531 TI - Proceedings: Seasonal variations in plasma luteinizing hormone levels in male red grouse (Lagopus lagopus scoticus). PMID- 1133532 TI - Proceedings: Purification and properties of chicken gonadotrophins. PMID- 1133533 TI - Proceedings: Effects of antisera against ovine follicle-stimulating hormone or against luteinizing hormone administered at pro-oestrus on follicular growth in the rat. PMID- 1133534 TI - The role of short days in the termination of photorefractoriness in female canaries (Serinus canarius). AB - Photorefractory intact female canaries were exposed to a photoperiod of 8 h light: 16 h darkness (8L: 16D) for 0, 2, 4 or 6 weeks before photostimulation with 14L: 10D for 4 weeks. Photoresponsiveness was measured in terms of plasma immunoreactive LH, ovary and oviduct weights, follicle size and nest-building behaviour. Birds not exposed to 8L: 16D were unresponsive to photostimulation while those exposed for 6 weeks to 8L: 16D were as fully photosensitive as females similarly treated immediately before their first breeding season. Birds exposed for 2 or 4 weeks to 8L: 16D responded to subsequent photostimulation but were not as responsive as birds exposed to short days for 6 weeks. Positive correlations between the two ovarian parameters and between these ovarian parameters and oviductal weight existed in all groups exposed to short days, but not in birds not exposed to short days. It is concluded that the restoration of photosensitivity at the end of the refractory period is a function of the number of short days experienced; about 6 weeks of short days are needed for its completion. In another experiment photorefractory birds exposed for 6 weeks to short days without subsequent photostimulation, although potentially photosensitive, were indistinguishable (in terms of the above parameters) from refractory birds kept on long days for the same period; in these birds refractoriness was not broken. PMID- 1133535 TI - Proceedings: A physiological role for ovarian androstenedione. PMID- 1133536 TI - Proceedings: Effect of progesterone on sebaceous gland activity in the rat. PMID- 1133537 TI - Proceedings: Androgen metabolism in uraemic men. PMID- 1133538 TI - Proceedings: Some physico-chemical aspects of the interaction between testosterone and serum albumins. PMID- 1133539 TI - Control of sebaceous gland function in the rat by alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. AB - The effect of alpha-MSH on sebum secretion and preputial gland weight was examined in intact, castrated and hypophysectomized male rats and in hypophysectomized rats receiving treatment with either testosterone propionate (TP) or progesterone. After treatment with alpha-MSH for 2 weeks, increases in sebum secretion occurred in intact, castrated and hypophysectomized rats, but larger responses were found in the hypophysectomized rats that had received treatment with either TP or progesterone, suggesting that alpha-MSH acts synergistically with TP and progesterone to stimulate sebum secretion. Alpha Melanocyte-stimulating hormone also increased preputial gland weight in intact rats, but there was no response after castration and only a small response after hypophysectomy. However, when the hypophysectomized rats received simultaneous treatment with either TP or progesterone, alpha-MSH increased preputial gland weight. It is suggested that alpha-MSH acts directly on the sebaceous glands to stimulate lipogenesis and, together with steroid hormones, may have an important role in controlling sebaceous glandd function in the rat and other hairy mammals. With the evolution of hair, certain of the MSH peptides may have lost their significance as pigmentary hormones and have developed a sebotrophic function. For this reason, it might be more appropriate to refer to these peptides as the 'sebotrophins'. PMID- 1133540 TI - Changes in the concentration of luteinizing hormone in plasma during development in the guinea-pig. AB - The concentration of LH in the plasma of guinea-pigs from day 50 of gestation to day 45 of postnatal life was assayed by radioimmunoassay utilizing a cross reaction with anti-ovine LH antiserum. The effect of gonadectomy in infancy and in the adult upon the plasma concentration of LH was also studied. The LH concentration in the plasma of male or female foetuses was high immediately prenatally and fell at birth. High levels of LH were again detected in male, with a lesser increase in female, guinea-pigs over the first 10 days postnatally. Maternal plasma concentrations of LH remained consistently low. Removal of the gonads on days 0, 5, 10, 15, 25 or 35 of postnatal life, followed by blood collection at autopsy 10 days later, caused a significant rise in plasma LH content at all ages. The rise in plasma LH after gonadectomy in adults was less marked in male than in female guinea-pigs. PMID- 1133541 TI - Binding and metabolism of 5alpha-androstane-3alpha, 17 beta-diol and of 5alpha androstane-3beta, 17 beta-diol in the prostate, seminal vesicles and plasma of male rats: studies in vivo and in vitro. AB - Binding of 5alpha-androstane-3alpha, 17 beta-diol (3alpha-diol) and 5alpha androstane-3beta,-17 beta-diol (3beta-diol) in vivo and in vitro to the 100 000 g cytosol fraction of the rat prostate and seminal vesicles as well as to plasma was studied by agargel electrophoresis and sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation and the results compared with the corresponding findings for 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone (5alpha-DHT). The metabolism of 3alpha-diol and 3beta diol was also investigated by thin-layer chromatography. The following results were obtained: (1) A specific binding of 3alpha-diol and 3beta-diol by the cytosols could not be demonstrated in vitro, while 5alpha-DHT was specifically bound. (2) In plasma, 3alpha-diol was extensively bound, 3beta-diol less extensively bound, while 5alpha-DHT remained unbound. (3) After intravenous injection of 3alpha-diol, specifically bound radioactivity, increasing within 30 min, was found in the prostate cytosol, while after 3beta-diol injection no binding occurred. (4) Parallel to the increased binding, the total radioactivity in the prostate accumulated within 30 min after 3alpha-diol injection, the uptake being 5-3 times higher than in skeletal muscle. However after 3beta-diol injection, total radioactivity decreased in the prostate within 30 min, the uptake being only 1-5 times higher than in skeletal muscle. (5) One minute after injection of 3alpha-diol, 53% of the extracted radioactivity in the prostate had been converted to 5alpha-DHT, this increased within 30 min to 81%. Thirty minutes after the injection of 3beta-diol, about 32% of the extracted radioactivity in the prostate had been converted to 5alpha-DHT. (6) From the in-vivo and in-vitro experiments it was concluded that 3alpha-diol exerts its biological effects mainly by its conversion into 5alpha-DHT. PMID- 1133542 TI - Proceedings: Endocrine profiles in amenorrhoea: incidence and significance of hyperprolactinaemia. PMID- 1133543 TI - Proceedings: Pituitary-ovarian relationships in polycystic ovarian disease. PMID- 1133544 TI - Proceedings: Failure of oestrogen-induced positive feedback in anovulatory dysfunctional uterine bleeding. PMID- 1133545 TI - Proceedings: Endocrine factors in the aetiology of cystic hyperplasia of endometrium. PMID- 1133546 TI - Changes in the concentration of pituitary and steroid hormones in the follicular fluid of human graafian follicles throughout the menstrual cycle. AB - The concentrations of FSH, LH, prolactin, oestradiol and progesterone were measured in peripheral plasma and follicular fluid of women throughout the menstrual cycle. With the exception of prolactin, concentrations of pituitary and steroid hormones in follicular fluid correlated with those in peripheral plasma. Follicle-stimulating hormone was present in a greater number of small follicles (smaller than 8mm) during or just after the peaks of FSH in peripheral plasma. During the mid-follicular phase the concentration of both FSH and oestradiol in fluid from large follicles (larger than or equal to 8 mm) was high. During the late follicular phase the large follicles (larger than or equal to 8 mm) contained high amounts of progesterone in addition to oestradiol, low physiological levels of prolactin, and concentrations of LH and FSH about 30 and 60% respectively of those found in plasma. By contrast no large 'active' follicles (larger than or equal to 8 mm) were found during the luteal phase although many contained both LH and FSH. Luteinizing hormone was present in a proportion of small follicles (smaller than 8 mm) during the late follicular and early luteal but not at other stages of the menstrual cycle. It is suggested that a precise sequence of hormonal changes occur within the microenvironment of the developing Graafian follicle; the order in which they occur may be of considerable importance for the growth of that follicle and secretory activity of the granulosa cells both before and after ovulation. PMID- 1133547 TI - Proceedings: Circadian blood follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, thyroxine, cortisol and aldosterone levels measured simultaneously in men. PMID- 1133548 TI - Proceedings: Effect of electrochemical preoptic stimulation on the ultrastructural distribution of non-neuronal processes in the rat median eminence. PMID- 1133549 TI - Proceedings: Incorporation of (3-H)uridine into RNA in the hypothalamus of the neonatal rat. PMID- 1133550 TI - Effect of chorionic gonadotrophin on the cellular content of mouse peritoneal fluid. PMID- 1133551 TI - Proceedings: Effect of manipulating brain catecholamine levels on the time of the critical period before ovulation in rats. PMID- 1133552 TI - Proceedings: Some preliminary observations concerning carbohydrate metabolism during prolonged pentobarbitone anaesthesia. PMID- 1133553 TI - Proceedings: Effect of hypothalamic lesions on colour change in tadpoles of Xenopus laevis. PMID- 1133554 TI - Proceedings: A radioimmunoassay for alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in the rat. PMID- 1133555 TI - Proceedings: Synergistic effects of testosterone and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone on lipogenesis in rat preputial gland. PMID- 1133556 TI - Proceedings: The mole pinealocytes. PMID- 1133557 TI - Proceedings: Isolation of hormones from the corpus cardiacum of the migratory locust. PMID- 1133558 TI - Proceedings: Locust adipokinetic hormone and haemolymph metabolites. PMID- 1133559 TI - Proceedings: The influence of haemolymph carbohydrate concentration on the release of adipokinetic hormone during locust flight. PMID- 1133560 TI - Proceedings: Adipokinetic hormone and flight metabolism in locusts. PMID- 1133561 TI - Proceedings: Juvenile hormones biosynthesis by cultured cockroach corpora allata. PMID- 1133562 TI - Proceedings: Proliferative activity in cultured human prostate. PMID- 1133563 TI - Proceedings: Effect of methallibure on prolactin release from pigeon pituitaries incubated in vitro. PMID- 1133564 TI - Proceedings: Effects of 11-deoxycorticosterone and ovine luteinizing hormone on the zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio) ovary in organ culture. PMID- 1133565 TI - Proceedings: Steroid transformations in vitro by the ovary of the zabrafish Brachydanio rerio. PMID- 1133566 TI - Effect of prolactin on sugar and amino acid transport by the rat jejunum. AB - After two daily ovine prolactin injections in rats, significant increases in jejunal absorption of glucose, glycine and proline, as well as of fluid and NaCl, occurred. Although ouabain caused dramatic reductions in fluid, sodium, chloride and glucose transport, prolactin had an effect even in the presence of ouabain. Mucosal hypersomolaity significantly decreased fluid, sodium and chloride absorption but had no significant effect on glucose transport. Addition of prolactin in vitro had no effect on intestinal absorption. Prolactin-induced increases in transport of fluid, NaCl and organic nutrients by the mammalian jejunum may play an important role in nutritional and osmoregulatory adaptations. PMID- 1133567 TI - Fine structure of the zona pellucida of unfertilized egg cells and embryos. AB - The fine structure of the zona pellucida of mouse unfertilized egg cells and of mouse embryos was investigated. In addition to standard fixation for electron microscopy, fixation with an addition of ruthenium red was used and found to be especially valuable for the purpose of studying the zona pellucida. The zona pellucida of unfertilized egg cells and of embryos consisted mainly of fibrillar and granular material. There were two layers: a thicker internal and a denser external layer in the zona pellucida of the unfertilized egg cells. The zona pellucida of embryos had, in addition to these two layers, a coarse-grained intimal layer inside the internal layer and a fine-grained peripheral cortical reaction whereas the peripheral layer can be accumulated and modified during the passage of the embryo through the female genital tract. The influence of developmental events and environmental factors on the fine structure of zona pellucida was discussed. PMID- 1133568 TI - Fertilizing ability of mouse sperm from different epididymal regions and after washing and centrifugation. AB - The ability of caput, corpus, and cauda epididymal and vasa deferentia mouse sperm to fertilize eggs in vitro was investigated. Cauda epididymal sperm fertilized 45 of 54 ova, whereas caput and corpus sperm fertilized a negligible number of ova, thus indicating their immaturity. Vasa deferentia sperm fertilized only 10 of 52 ova and their reduced fertility may be due to aging in vivo. No difference in preimplantation development of the resulting zygotes with respect to the sperm source was observed. Three centrifugations and resuspensions of cauda epididymal sperm in fresh medium did not affect their fertilizing ability. I conclude that fertilization in vitro can occur after removal of epididymal secretions. PMID- 1133569 TI - Elimination of 137-Cs and 59-Fe and its relationship to metabolic rates of wild small rodents. AB - Elimination of 137-Cs and 59-Fe by three species of wild rodents was measured in laboratory and field experiments to determine whether excretion rates of these nuclides are influenced directly by general metabolic (CO-2 production) rates. Sigmodon hispidus and Peromyscus leucopus were used in both field and laboratory experiments, and Reithrodontomys humulis was investigated only in the laboratory. Final-component biological half-lives (Tb) of 59-Fe for Sigmodon averaged 108 days in winter, 144 days in spring, and means ranged from 176 to 242 days under various laboratory conditions (ambient temperature, cold-exposure, irradiation, and chemical metabolic inhibition); for Peromyscus, values were 50 days in winter 47 days in spring, and 289 days (at ambient temperature only) in the laboratory; for Reithrodontomys mean values ranged from 121 to 178 days at different laboratory treatment levels. Biological half-lives of final-component 137-Cs elimination for Sigmodon averaged 7.5 days in winter, 7.9 days in spring, and means ranged from 7.7 to 8.6 days at the different treatment levels in the laboratory. Laboratory mean values for Reithrodontomys ranged from 3.5 to 3.9 days. For Peromyscus, Tb values averaged 3.4 days in winter, 3.6 days in spring, and 3.5 days in the laboratory. The data suggested that elimination of 59-Fe is influenced by metabolic rates of rodents in the field, but laboratory experiments were unable to demonstrate any predictable relationship. Neither did the rate of final-component 137-Cs loss from rodents appear to be influenced by metabolic rate in the laboratory or in the field. However, final-component Y-axis intercept values of 137-Cs exhibited a linear correlation with metabolic rates, and equations were derived from these intercept values to predict metabolism in the field for two species: for Sigmodon, Daily Average CO-2 Production (ml/hr/g, STP) [5.24-0.9172 (log-ea)] [0.886]; and for Reithrodontomys, = [12.51-1.80 (log-ea)] [0.886]. PMID- 1133570 TI - Epilation of growing hair follicles. AB - Epilated growing follicles continue to grow. They produce a length of hair which is shorter than that produced by intact follicles over the same period of time, because they grow for a shorter time and at a lower rate. PMID- 1133571 TI - Microfibrillar structures in the nucleus and cytoplasm of amoeba proteus. AB - The presence of microfibrillar structures in the nucleus and cytoplasm of Amoeba proteus has been described after glutaraldehyde and osmium fixation. The possible roles of cytoplasmic microfibrils in the contraction process of amoeba and nuclear microfibrils in the formation of the honeycomb nuclear lamina are discussed. PMID- 1133572 TI - Effect of UV on cleavage of Xenopus laevis. AB - UV irradiation of the vegetal pole of stage 2 X. laevis embryos with doses of 6000-18000 ergs/mm-2 delayed or inhibited cytokinesis in the vegetal hemisphere. Nuclear division continued so that a syncytium was formed, the size and persistence of which depended on the dose. Embryos which received a low UV dose were subsequently able to recover whereas embryos receiving a high dose were unable to gastrulate successfully. The implications for investigations into the role of cytoplasmic determinants are discussed. PMID- 1133573 TI - Mitosis in presumptive primordial germ cells in post-blastula embryos of Xenopus laevis. AB - In X. laevis embryos injected with (3-H) thymidine between early gastrula and late neurula, the presumptive primordial germ cell nuclei were labelled and some were observed in mitosis, confirming that division occurs throughout this developmental period. In all labelled and mitotic cells, the germ plasm adjoined the nucleus, an observation which invalidates the hypothesis that germ plasm inhibits mitosis in presumptive primordial germ cells after gastrula. In embryos which had been irradiated with UV at the vegetal pole at the 2-cell stage, the presumptive primordial germ cells also incorporated (3-H) thymidine and divided during the same developmental period. PMID- 1133574 TI - Determination of some in vitro growth requirements of Bacteroides nodosus. AB - Physical and nutritional factors required for growth of Bacteroides nodosus isolates from ovine foot-rot lesions were examined. Simplified anaerobic culture techniques were devised utilizing a fully soluble, autoclavable, liquid medium (TAS) which contained proteose-peptone, yeast and meat extracts and certain other essential compounds required to promote prompt and serially transferrable growth of cultures from small inocula. The latter included Trypticase, arginine, a reducing agent (most suitably thioglycollic acid) and CO2; serine and Mg2+ markedly increased growth yields. Trypticase could not be replaced by a commercial preparation of acid-hydrolysed casein; other forms of hydrolysed protein gave delayed and inconsistent growth. Maximum growth of cultures required concentrations of 0-02 to 0-35 M-arginine, which could not be replaced by glutamic acid, citrulline or ornithine. Exogenous carbohydrate compounds were not required. The temperature range for optimum growth of cultures was 37 to 39 degrees C, and anaerobic culture conditions were essential for growth and the production of B. nodosus organisms of normal morphology. Solidified TAS media for the isolation and maintenance of B. nodosus cultures were also devised. PMID- 1133575 TI - Degradation of agar by a gram-negative bacterium. AB - An agar-degrading bacterium, having a guanine-cytosine content of 50-5 mol% has been isolated from sewage. This Gram-negative rod grew well in a simple salts medium containing various carbohydrates. Growing bacteria dissolved gels and suspensions of agar and agarose rapidly, but did not attack cross-linked agars. Agarase was cell-bound in exponentially growing cultures but was released into the medium at stationary phase. Both cell extracts and culture filtrates released reducing sugars from agar solutions and prevented them from gelling. Gels were not dissolved by enzyme solutions, but the turbidity and iodine-binding properties of the agar were decreased. PMID- 1133576 TI - Protein turnover measured by 18-O exchange with H2-18O in non-growing cells of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. PMID- 1133577 TI - Sensitivity of cholera and El Tor vibrios to cold shock. PMID- 1133578 TI - Scanning electron microscopy of agarose beads during degradation by a gram negative bacterium. PMID- 1133579 TI - Cytochalasins A and B from strains of Phoma exigua var. exigua and formation of cytochalasin B in potato gangrene. PMID- 1133580 TI - Multiple binding sites of human brain monoamine oxidase as indicated by substrate competition. PMID- 1133581 TI - A method for the isolation and estimation of GABA glutamate and glutamine from complex mixtures by a combination of enzymic interconversion and formation of 1 dimethylaminonaphthalene-5-sulphonylbutyrolactam. PMID- 1133582 TI - Flow of glucose carbon into brain lipids in adult rats following food deprivation. PMID- 1133583 TI - The effects of hyperketonemia on glycolytic intermediates in the developing rat brian. PMID- 1133584 TI - The elevation of cerebral histamine-N-and catechol-O-methyl transferase activities by L-methionine-dl-sulfoximine. PMID- 1133585 TI - Increased incorporation of precursors into rat brain ribonucleic acids after treatment with a nonionic detergent in vivo. PMID- 1133586 TI - Choroid plexus isografts in rats. AB - Choroid plexuses from adult rats were grafted to the kidneys of other rats of the same inbred strain. Almost all the grafts survived and exhibited a multiloculated pattern of choroidal papillae. Mild but progressive enlargement of the locules was probably caused by secretion of cerebrospinal fluid. Cyclophosphamide, a drug which damages the normally situated plexus, had similar but milder effects on the plexus implants. Isografts should prove useful for other studies of choroid plexus structure and function. PMID- 1133587 TI - Freeze-fracture faces of the perineurial sheath of the rabbit sciatic nerve. AB - Replicas of the perineurium of rabbit sciatic nerve fascicles show extensive zonulae occludentes between the flattened cells of each perineuriallamella. The junctions formed by the zonulae occludentes are of the morphologically 'tight' type. Therefore, theyare likely to represent the anatomical site of the diffusion barrier previously demonstrated by other morphological and physiological methods. Neighbouring perineurial lamellae are connected to one another by numerous maculae occludentes, some of which lie on thelateral processes of the perineurial cells. Within the meshes of the maculae occludentes and close tothem, small gap junctions can be observed. PMID- 1133588 TI - Synaptic organization of the fleshfly ocellus. AB - The synaptic organization of the fleshfly (Boettcherisca peregrina) ocellus has been studied by transmission electron microscropy. Three types of neuronal element are recognized in the ocellus: (1) 70-100 retinula axons (2) four thick ocellar nerve fibres and(3) several thin ocellar nerve fibres. Synaptic connections accompanied by characteristic presynaptic ribbons have been found between these three elements in five combinations. Four of these are numerous (retinula axons symapsing onto thick ocellar nerve fibres or onto thin ocellar fibres; thin ocellar nerve fibres synapsing onto thick ocellar nerve fibres or onto other thin ocellar fibres). On or two of the thin ocellar nerve fibres are mainly presynaptic elements. The remaining thin fibres are both pre-and postsynaptic. These observations suggest that the thick ocellar nerve fibres are afferent and at least one or two of the thin ocellar nerve fibres are efferent. The function of the remaining thin fibres is not known. The fifth combination is a feedback synapse from thin ocellar nerve fibres onto retinula oxons. In addition, neuro-glial synapses have been found between thin ocellar nerve fibres and glial cells. The latter two combinations are less common and may provide alternative neuronal pathways for processingocellar input. PMID- 1133589 TI - Tilt analysis of pleomorphic vesicles in the superficial layers of the superior colliculus of Galago and chimpanzee. AB - Pleomorphic vesicles in two different classes of 'flat-vesicle-containing profiles'(F-profiles) from the superficial layers of the superior colliculus of Galago and chimpanzee were found to be disk-like in shape as revealed by tilt analysis. In both primates, presynaptic dendrites, postsynaptic F-profiles and exclusively presynaptic F-profiles cannot be distinguished on the basis of vesicle morphology. This lends to support to the notion that F-profiles originate from one type of neuron. Modifications of the basic disk shape are interpreted as manifestations of different stages in the life cycle of individual vesicles. PMID- 1133590 TI - A light and electron microscopical study of the nervous tissue of mouse teratomas. AB - Teratomas are tumours which may arise spontaneously in the testis or ovary or may be induced experimentally by the implantation of young embryos into ectopic sites. In this study the nervous tissue within mouse teratomas was investigated by light and electronmicroscopy. Characteristic neuroepithelial tubules, neurons, glia and neuropil were recognized and showed no ultrastructural abnormality apart from collagenous infiltration. Synapses were frequently observed. However, other features of mature C.N.S. tissue including myelin and complex synaptic configurations were never seen, and it was not possible to recognize distinct classes of neurons, or organizations of cells and processes which characterized specific regions of the C.N.S. The limited differentiation of the nervous tissue of teratomas is discussed with reference to the normal development of C.N.A. in vivo and in vitro. The presence of synapses in the nervous tissue of teratomas is interpreted as a reflection of an intrinsic tendency of neuronal processes to form these specialized contacts even under conditions which prevent the development of certain other characteristics of nervous tissue. PMID- 1133591 TI - Synaptic fine structure and nuclear, cytoplasmic and extracellular networks: The stereoframework concept. AB - When certain intracellular and extracellular localities known to be rich in protein complexes are fixed and processed for electron microscopy, they show a reticulate precipitate which represents three-dimensional framework of material that forms the wall of polygonal lacunae. This is referred to as a stereoframework. Examples of a stereoframework described her include the presynaptic dense projections, cleft substance, postsynaptic density, the cytonet, coats of coated vesicles, reticulosomes, 'microfilamentous' network of growth cones, the glycocalyx of gut microvilli, blood plasma, precipitates of the Golgi apparatus, the chromatin of nuclei and the nuclear pore complex. The stereoframeworkappears most electron-dense when it has a very close mesh, e.g. as in the case of the dense projections. The stereoframework is assumed to have no direct relationship with themolecular architecture of the protein complexes in vivo and so can be regarded as a denaturization and precipitation artifact. This being so, attempts to elucidate the substructure of the above entities simply by inspection are fruitless. Furthermore, evidence is given that stereoframework precipitation can distort or completely obliterate organelles occupying the same locality, for example this could apply to structures such as actin filaments (perhaps running into the locality marked by a dense projection), microtubules(running into the presynaptic bag), smooth ER, tenuous connections between synaptic vesicles and the presynaptic membrane, structures within the nuclear pore complex and chromosome substructures in the nucleus. Finally it is suggested that the flat shape of synaptic vesicles (at inhibitory synapses) may be a distortion effect imposed upon the synaptic vesicles not as a result of osmotic effects, but as a conformation to the shape of a stereoframework which has been precipitated from protein complexes in the vicinity ofthe synaptic vesicles. PMID- 1133592 TI - Pinocytotic uptake and intracellular distribution of colloidal thorium dioxide by cultured sensory neurites. AB - Sensory ganglia from 9-day chick embryos were grown on collagen coated coverslips for36 h in the presence of nerve growth factor, producing a profuse neuritic outgrowth. The cultures were then incubated for varying periods in a colloidal suspension of thorium dioxide, and the pinocytotic uptake of this marker was followed by electron microscopy. Following brief exposures (3 min), most of the labelled organelles consisted of smooth surfaced vesicles and vacuoles; with longer exposures, the bulk of the marker accumulated first in cup-shaped pre multivesticular bodies and ultimately in multivesicular bodies. The marker was also taken up into coated vesicles, dense-cored and electron lucent tubules,dense cored vesicles and dense bodies of the multi-layered myelin body configuration. In addition, evidence suggestive of exocytosis was also obtained; views of apparent fusion of labelled multivesicular bodies with the plasmalemma involving extrusion of vesiclesand marker particles into the extracellular space were regularly encountered following long exposures. PMID- 1133593 TI - Junctional ultrastructure in isolated synaptic membranes. AB - The ultrastructure of synaptic junctions in whole brain tissue and isolated synaptic membranes has been compared. Type 1 junctions are present in the isolated membranes,readily identified by the presence of dense-staining material associated with the postsynaptic membrane, but the dense projections present at the presynaptic membrane in intact tissue are absent. Type 2 junctions are not easily recognized because of the absence of prominent junctional densities, but apposed membranes with the appearance of type 2 junctions are seen in isolated membrane preparations. Junctions without dense-staining material are also seen among SYNAPtosomes and survive the hypotonic conditions used during isolation of the membranes. It thus seems probable that both type 1 and 2 junctions are present in isolated synaptic membrane preparations. In type 1 junctions after isolation,the postsynaptic thickening and cleft substance are together seen to be composed of an array of 200 A dense-staining subunits spanning the postsynaptic unit membrane. The relationship of this structure to the ultrastructure of the cleft substance and postsynapticthickening in intact tissue is discussed. PMID- 1133594 TI - Ultrastructure of the synaptic junctional lattice isolated from mammalian brain. AB - Synaptic membranes can be treated with detergents to yield postsynaptic densities from which the lipid unit membrane has been removed. The ultrastructure of these densities is identical to THAT of the synaptic lattice observed in undigested synaptic membranes; a1000-3000 A diameter planar array of 200 A diameter dense staining subunits. The persistence of this synaptic lattice in the absence of lipid membrane may reflect a functional role in the maintenance of defined synaptic junctional structures in intact tissue. PMID- 1133595 TI - Steroidselective synthesis of alkyl [2e,4e]-and [2z, 4e]-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,4 dodecarienoates. Insect growth regulators with juvenile hormone activity. PMID- 1133596 TI - Syntheses and properties of some pyrimidine 2,4'-cyclo nucleosides. PMID- 1133597 TI - Direct n8-alkylation of 2,4-dihydropteridines;Preparation of 7,8-dihydro-8 methylmethotrexate. PMID- 1133598 TI - Crystal and molecular structure of beta-peltatin a methyl ether. PMID- 1133599 TI - Narcotic antagonists. V. Stereochemistry of reactions at C-6 in 14 hydroxynoroxymorphone derivatives. PMID- 1133600 TI - A novel synthesis of 8-aza steroids. PMID- 1133601 TI - Approaches to the synthesis of the insect juvenile hormone analog ethyl 3,7,11 trimethyl-2,4-dodecadienoate and its photochemistry. PMID- 1133602 TI - Synthesis of 10-thiofolic acid. A potential antibacterial and antitumor agent. PMID- 1133603 TI - Prostaglandins. VII. A stereoselective total synthesis of prostaglandin E1. PMID- 1133604 TI - Concerning the mechanism of the characteristic ring D fragmentation of steroids. PMID- 1133605 TI - An improved procedure of the n-demethylation of 6,7-benzomorphans, morphine, and codeine. PMID- 1133606 TI - Nucleosides. XVII. Benzylation-debenzylation studies on nucleosides. PMID- 1133607 TI - Synthesis of fused phenothiazines. 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrimido[5,6,1-Kl]phenothiazine 1,3-dione and 6H, 16H-[1,5]diazocino[3,2,1-kl:7,6,5-k'l']diphenothiazine-6,16 dione. PMID- 1133608 TI - Isonucleosides. I. Preparation of methyl 2-deoxy-2-(purin-9-yl) arabinofuranosides and methyl 3-deoxy-3-(purin-9-yl) xylofuranosides. PMID- 1133609 TI - Stereochemistry of deuteron attack on the 3alpha,5alpha-cyclonandrost-6-ene system. PMID- 1133610 TI - Letter: An unusual backbone rearrangement. The formation of 5alpha,17alpha cholest-14-en-3beta-ol acetate from 5alpha-cholest-8(14)-en-3beta-ol acetate. PMID- 1133611 TI - Letter: A ready synthesis of 17alpha steroids-1,2. PMID- 1133612 TI - Letter: Synthetic studies on histrionicotoxins. I. A stereocontrolled synthesis of (plus or minus)-perhydrohistrionicotoxin. PMID- 1133613 TI - Letter: Synthetic studies on histrionicotoxins. II. A practical synthetic route to (plus or minus)-perhydro-and (plus or minus)-octahydrohistrionicotoxin. PMID- 1133614 TI - 6alpha-substituted penicillins. PMID- 1133615 TI - Total synthesis of dl-9-deoxyprostaglandin E1. PMID- 1133616 TI - Analogs of sparteine. I. A reexamination of the reaction of n-methyl-4-piperidone with formaldehyde and methylamine. A revised synthesis of n,n' dimethylbispidinone. PMID- 1133617 TI - Syntheses of di- and tripeptides containing 4-aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid. PMID- 1133618 TI - Pryimidine derivatives and related compounds. XXV. The synthesis of 6-cyanouracil derivatives and the conversion of 6-cyano-1,3- dimethyluracil to 5-cyano compound. PMID- 1133619 TI - Linear benzoadenine. A stretched-out analog of adenine. PMID- 1133620 TI - The angular benzoadenines. 9-Aminoimidazo[4,5-f]quinazoline and 6-aminoimidazo [4,5-h]quinazoline. PMID- 1133621 TI - N-alkylation of purines with alkyl esters of phosphorus oxy acids. PMID- 1133623 TI - Synthesis of dipeptides of aminophosphonic acids. PMID- 1133622 TI - Terpenoids. LXX. The structure of the sea cucumber sapogenin holotoxinogenin. PMID- 1133624 TI - Acid-catalyzed rearrangement of 20-vinylpregn-5-ene-3beta,20-diol 3-acetate. PMID- 1133625 TI - Synthesis of prostaglandins containing the sulfo group. PMID- 1133626 TI - Hofmann elimination with diazomethane on quaternary curare bases. PMID- 1133627 TI - The isolation and structural elucidation of bruceantin and bruceantinol, new potent antileukemic quassinoids from Brucea antidysenterica. PMID- 1133628 TI - Dehydroailanthinone, a new antileukemic quassinoid from Pierreodendron kerstingii. PMID- 1133629 TI - Synthesis and reactions of 6-methylsulfonyl-9-beta-D-ribofuranosylpurine. PMID- 1133630 TI - Photocatalyzed reaction of trifluoromethyl iodide with steroidal dienones. PMID- 1133631 TI - Total syntheses of optically active 19-norsteroids. (+)-Estr-4-ene-3,17-dione and (+)13 beta-ethylgon-4-ene-3,17-dione. PMID- 1133632 TI - Novel total syntheses of (+)-estrone-3-methyl ether, (+)-13beta-ethyl-3 methoxygona-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-one, and (+)-equilenin 3-methyl ether. PMID- 1133633 TI - Synthesis of 9,11-secoestradiol 3-methyl ether. PMID- 1133634 TI - Synthesis of fatty acids using organocopper (I) ate complexes derived from Grignard reagents. PMID- 1133635 TI - Steroids and related natural products. 90. 15beta-Hydroxydigitoxigenin. PMID- 1133636 TI - Synthesis and photolysis of 2-acylpyrazolidin-3-ones. A model for the photochemical syntheses of 6-azapenicillin isomers. PMID- 1133637 TI - Sulfur-containing polypeptides XVII. The S-carbomethoxysulfenyl derivative as a protective group for cysteine. PMID- 1133638 TI - Studies with alpha-methyl amino acids. Resolution and amino protection. PMID- 1133639 TI - Studies on anticoccidial agents. III. Selective esterification and acyl transfer in alpha-4-norpyridoxol. PMID- 1133640 TI - Syntheses of 2-substituted 1,N-6-ethenoadenosines. PMID- 1133641 TI - Precursors to apomorphine and morphinan analogs. Studies on catalytic reduction of quinoline and isoquinoline. PMID- 1133642 TI - A nuclear magnetic resonance study of structure in some bi- and tricyclic N nitrosoamines. PMID- 1133643 TI - A direct, low-temperature 1-H, 13-C, and 19-F nuclear magnetic resonance study of boron trifluoride complexes with stigmasterol, androstanolone, androsterone, testosterone, nortestosterone, androstenedione, and progesterone-1,2. PMID- 1133644 TI - One-step, high yield conversion of penicillin sulfoxides to deacetoxycephalosporins. PMID- 1133645 TI - Sodium borohydride reduction of 5alpha,6beta-dibromocholestan-3-one. A simple method for the preparation of epi-cholesterol. PMID- 1133646 TI - The polysplenic syndrome. PMID- 1133647 TI - Traumatic splenic cyst. Case report. PMID- 1133648 TI - Preliminary report on a mass screening program for neonatal hypothyroidism. AB - We have recently developed an immunoassay that can measure thyroxine rapidly and accurately in the eluate of 40 mul of dried blood spotted on filter paper at the fifth day of life. The method is completely automated and by using the samples received by the Central Laboratory of the Quebec Network for Genetic Medicine and their follow-up facilities, we are now screening every newborn in the province of Quebec for neonatal hypothyroidism. To date, from 47,000 measurements, three newborn infants with abnormally low TBG and seven hypothyroid infants have been detected. From these data we conclude that the frequency of congenital hypothyroidism is about one in 7,000 births and that our method is effective in detecting thyroid hormone abnormalities with an acceptable percentage of false positive measurements; no false negative results have occurred to our knowledge. PMID- 1133649 TI - Hepatic changes in young infants with cystic fibrosis: possible relation to focal biliary cirrhosis. AB - Focal biliary cirrhosis is an uncommon finding in infants with cystic fibrosis, but it is present in more than a fifth of surviving children and adolescents. It was found at postmortem examination in only five of 47 infants with CF younger than 3 months, in five of 32 infants from 3 to 12 months, and in 18 of 67 children older than 1 year. In infants under 3 months, excessive mucus in intrahepatic bile ducts was seen in 11 necropsies; in 15 others there were only nonspecific periportal changes. Cholestasis was found in the livers of 18 of the 26 infants. Excessive mucus in the biliary tree was occasionally associated with periportal changes and cholestasis in older infants. The periportal changes, which are regarded as nonspecific, were never found in infants more than 1 year of age. PMID- 1133650 TI - Coronary heart disease risk factors in school children: the Muscatine study. AB - The frequency of coronary risk factors was documented in 4,829 school children in Muscatine, Iowa, over a 14-month period of time. Serum cholesterol levels were similar for children at all ages; the mean serum cholesterol level was 182 mg/dl (SD lus or minus 29). Twenty four percent had levels larger than or equal to 200 mg/dl, 9% were larger than or equal to 220 mg/dl, 3 % were larger than or equal to 240 mg/dl, and 1% were larger than or equal to 260 mg/dl. Casual levels of serum triglyceride increased with age: the mean level was 71 mg/dl (SD plus or minus 36) at age 6 years and 108 mg/dl (SD plus or minus 45) at age 18 years. Only 15% of the children had serum triglyceride levels of 140 mg/dl or more. Blood pressure increased strikingly with age. No child between 6 and 9 years of age had blood pressures larger than or equal to 140 mm Hg systolic or larger than or equal to 90 mm Hg diastolic. In the age group 14 to 18 years, 8.9% had systolic blood pressures larger than or equal to 140 mm Hg, 12.2% had diastolic blood pressures larger than or equal to 90 mm Hg, and in 4.4% both pressures were at or above these levels. Obesity also increased through the school years. At ages 6 to 9 years, 20% had weights relative to those of the group as a whole of larger than or equal to 110%, and 5% were larger than or equal to 130%; in the 14 to 18 years age group, 25% had relative weights of larger than or equal to 110%, and 8% were larger than or equal to 130%. These data indicate that a considerable number of school-age children have risk factors which in adults are predictive of coronary heart disease. PMID- 1133651 TI - Hyperglycinemia and propionyl coA carboxylase deficiency and episodic severe illness without consistent ketosis. AB - Propionyl CoA carboxylase deficiency was found in a 7-month-old boy who presented with attacks of vomiting, anorexia, weight loss, weakness, and hypotonia. He failed to thrive and had generalized seizures. He had propionic acidemia and hyperglycinemia; these are the manifestations of the ketotic hyperglycinemia syndrome. However, ketonuria was not a consistent part of his clinical picture, and he had at least two episodes of acute overwhelming illness, the latter one fatal, in which ketones were never found in the urine. Large amounts of pyrrolidone carboxylic acid were found in body fluids. PMID- 1133652 TI - The Williams elfin facies syndrome. A new perspective. AB - Evaluation of 19 patients with the Williams elfin facies syndrome, in order to more completely delineate the total spectrum of the disorder, indicates that "infantile hypercalcemia, peculiar facies, supravalvular aortic stenosis" designation which was heretofore used is inappropriate. Only 32% of the patients have evidence of supravalvular aortic stenosis and not one of them has had documented hypercalcemia, including eight patients who had a serum calcium determination in the first year of life. Rather, the most consistent features are growth deficiency which is predominantly of postnatal onset, mild microcephaly with mental deficiency, and an altered pattern of facial development which includes short palpebral fissures, a stellate pattern in the iris, medial eyebrow flare, a depressed nasal bridge with anteverted nares, and thick lips. The disorder is a sporadic occurrence of unknown etiology. PMID- 1133653 TI - The Coffin-Lowry syndrome: an inherited faciodigital mental retardation syndrome. AB - Eight patients in three families had mental retardation, characteristic facies and hands, and skeletal changes; the clinical features suggested to us that they had a syndrome previously thought to represent two entities described by Lowry and associates and by Coffin and associates, respectively. New findings include skeletal, orodental, and dermatoglyphic abnormalities and histopathologic changes suggesting that the syndrome is a heritable disorder of connective tissue. Severe expression in males and transmission through mildly affected females suggest X linked or sex-influenced autosomal dominant inheritance. PMID- 1133654 TI - Treatment positions for congenital dysplasia of the hip. AB - Fetal and infant hips were analyzed in an attempt to explain some of the observed complications (particularly avascular necrosis) encountered in the treatment of hip dysplasia. Gross manipulation showed a tight interlocking of the acetabular labrum into the intertrochanteric notch of the proximal femur in the commonly used treatment positions that emphaized positional extremes. Injection studies corroborated vascular occlusion at three major sites when such positions were maintained. Marked abduction appeared to be the important position to avoid during treatment. PMID- 1133655 TI - Single-peak insulin in the treatment of insulin-induced fat atrophy. PMID- 1133656 TI - Sinus histiocytosis. PMID- 1133657 TI - Occult neuromuscular disease in 100 consecutive patients with scoliosis. PMID- 1133658 TI - Anomalies associated with partial deletion of long arm of chromosome 11. PMID- 1133659 TI - Cells in spontaneous DNA synthesis in cord blood of premature and full-term newborn infants. An autoradiographic study. AB - Cord blood from 16 premature infants and 10 full-term infants, and blood from 10 healthy adults, was incubated for 30 minutes with tritiated thymidine, after which an autoradiographic study was made of spontaneously labeling cells. Apart from a varying number of erythroblasts, myelocytes, and an occasional blast cell, two main types of spontaneously labeling cells were observed: transitional cells and large lymphoid cells, previously shown to be phagocytic. Spontaneously labeling cells were 12 times more frequent in cord blood of premature and full term infants than in the blood of adults. No transitional cells were seen in adult blood. PMID- 1133660 TI - Footdrop in the neonate with neurologic and electrophysioloic data. PMID- 1133661 TI - Methods of external cardiac massage in the newborn infant. PMID- 1133662 TI - Oxandrolone treatment of constitutional short stature in boys during adolescence: effect on linear growth, bone age, pubic hair, and testicular development. AB - Seventeen constitutionally short boys were studied throughout puberty. Nine received oxandrolone (0.1 mg/kg/day). Treatment was started before onset of puberty. Eight boys served as control subjects. No significant increase in linear growth or skeletal maturation was observed in the treated group. Likewise the peak height velocity was unchanged. Pubic hair developed similarly in both groups in relation to chronologic and skeletal age. The only significant difference was a diminution in testicular volume index during treatment after bone age of 12 years and until bone age of 14 6/12 years. PMID- 1133663 TI - Pharmacokinetic analysis of the effect of theophylline on pulmonary function in asthmatic children. AB - Previously published data of plasma concentrations and pharmacologic effects obtained after rapid intravenous injection and during constant rate intravenous infusion of theophylline in asthmatic children were analyzed pharmacokinetically to determine the relationship between effect on pulmonary function (improvement of forced expiratory volume in the first second) and drug level. The pharmacokinetics of distribution and elimination of theophylline are well described by a linear two-compartment open model consisting of a central and a tissue compartment. There is an essentially linear correlation between the intensity of effect and the logarithm of the amount of drug in the tissue compartment. This correlation exists both with decreasing and increasing drug concentrations, i.e., after intravenous injection and during intravenous infusion of theophylline. PMID- 1133664 TI - The effect of Na benzoate on serum bilirubin of the Gunn rat. AB - The administration of Na benzoate to grown and suckling Gunn rats in single doses of 7 and 35 mg/kg failed to significantly alter serum bilirubin concentrations. These doses are comparable to quantities of Na benzoate contained in injectable diazepam used therapeutically for newborn infants. Repeated doses of 7 mg/kg in the grown rat showed no effect, as well. A single dose of 100 or 200 mg/kg of Na benzoate and repeated doses of 35 mg/kg resulted in depressed serum bilirubin concentrations. The higher concentrations of Na benzoate, however, greatly exceed amounts contained in doses of diazepam recommended for clinical use in the human neonate. The data suggest that the use of injectable diazepam, in appropriate quantities, poses no hazard to the newborn infant in terms of bilirubin toxicity. The greater affinity for bilirubin of human albumin, than that of rat albumin, may further minimize the risk. PMID- 1133665 TI - Progressive deafness and dementia in an 8-year-old boy. PMID- 1133666 TI - Letter: Hydrocele following placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. PMID- 1133667 TI - Letter: Acute transient myositis with influenza-like illness. PMID- 1133668 TI - Letter: Growth hormone deficiency and Fanconi anemia. PMID- 1133669 TI - Letter: Ampicillin to abort incubating syphilis? PMID- 1133670 TI - Letter: Incidence of goiter in an elementary school population. PMID- 1133671 TI - Letter: Marshall syndrome: eulogy or resurrection? PMID- 1133672 TI - Letter: Combined immunodeficiency and transfer factor. PMID- 1133673 TI - Letter: Spontaneous regression in neuroblastoma. PMID- 1133674 TI - Letter: Malarial chemoprophylaxis for pregnant women. PMID- 1133675 TI - Editorial: Neonatal detection of hypothyroidism. PMID- 1133676 TI - [Effect of stress on the action of immunosuppressive preparations (cyclophosphamide and imuran)]. PMID- 1133677 TI - Letter: Antiviral activity of hederin. PMID- 1133678 TI - Letter: Bioequivalency and noise. PMID- 1133679 TI - Editorial: fragile: handle with care. PMID- 1133680 TI - Isolation of 19alpha-H-lupeol from Maclura pomifera. AB - A reinvestigation of the constituents of the Osage orange (maclura pomifera) yielded, in addition to the previously reported triterpenses (lupeol, butyrospermol, and lupan-3beta,20-diol), the pigments osajin and pomiferin, and a previously unreported constituent. The structure of this new compound was investigated. On the basis of spectroscopic and chemical data, it appeared to be an epimer of lupeol and is referred to as 19alpha-H-lupeol. PMID- 1133681 TI - Bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of prednisone in humans. AB - In a clinical study involving 22 normal adult volunteers, the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of prednisone tablets with varying dissolution rates were evaluated. Serum levels were measured by a radioimmunoassay for prednisolone. Absorption rate constants and serum half-lives are presented. Substantial serum levels of prednisolone were attained quite rapidly (within 0.5 hr). The observed serum levels were statistically analyzed and fitted to the one-compartment open model with first-order absorption and elimination. A qualitative correlation between the in vitro dissolution rate and the calculated initial absorption rate constants was found. However, the in vitro dissolution rates were not predictive of the overall bioavailability of the prednisone tablets tested in terms of peak concentration and area under the serum concentration-time curve. PMID- 1133682 TI - Simple and reliable method for serial sampling of blood from rats. AB - A technique for serial sampling of whole blood, plasma, or serum from unanesthetized, unrestrained rats is described. This technique is sufficiently rapid, reliable, and independent of the need for elaborate preparation, specialized equipment, or practiced skills to appeal to a wide range of experimental and teaching situations requiring multiple sampling from many animals. A simple surgical procedure implants a one-piece jugular cannula cut from a commercial coil of silicone polymer tubing. Multiple blood samples are almost immediately available for 5 weeks or more. Plasma or serum samples are readily obtainable from each blood sample without transfer from the syringe in which it is collected. Intravenous injection through the cannula does not prejudice later sampling protocol. PMID- 1133683 TI - Fluorometric assay of thioguanine. AB - A spectrophotofluorometric method is described for the assay of thioguanine. The assay involves the oxidation of thioguanine with potassium permanganate to a fluorescent product. The method is suitable for routine quality control in laboratory preparations of thioguanine. PMID- 1133684 TI - High-pressure liquid chromatographic determination of chlorpropamide in tablet formulations. AB - A method was developed for the quantitative determination of chlorpropamide in tablet formulations by high-pressure liquid chromatography after homogenization of the sample with methanol. PMID- 1133685 TI - Colorimetric analysis of hexachlorophene in topical formulations. AB - The commonly used 4-aminoantipyrine dye formation procedure for hexachlorophene analysis in topical formulations was modified to overcome interference due to other components. Bar soaps and nonemulsion formulations are analyzed directly, employing a chloroform back-extraction stage of the dye prior to quantitation. Hexachlorophene in emulsions and liquid soaps is determined using a TLC separation prior to dye formation. PMID- 1133686 TI - Determination of sorbitol and mannitol in pharmaceuticals by GLC of tris-n butyldiboronate esters. AB - A rapid method for determining sorbitol or mannitol in pharmaceuticals by GLC using the tris-n-butyldiboronate esters is described. An internal standard unrelated to the hexitols is utilized to avoid the problems of cross contamination introduced by the use of other hexitols. PMID- 1133687 TI - Chemistry of nonaqueous titration of chlopromazine. AB - The chemistry of the red color formed during perchloric acid titration of chlorpromazine hydrochloride in acetic acid in the presence of mercuric acetate is discussed. Addition of ascorbic acid prevents the color formation and allows titration using a crystal violet end-point. Ascorbic acid addition also sharpens the potentiometric end-point. Ascrobic acid and its oxidation product, dehydroascorbic acid, being neutral to perchloric acid, do not interfere with the titration. PMID- 1133688 TI - GLC determination of saccharin in pharmaceutical products. AB - A GLC method was developed for the assay of saccharin in pharmaceutical products. The procedure requires silylation with N, O-bis (trimethylsily) acetamide and subsequent chromatography on trifluoropropyl methyl silicone, using n-octacosane as an internal standard. PMID- 1133689 TI - Drying rates of tablet granulations I: effect of certain granulating adjuvants on drying rates. AB - The design and construction of a laboratory size dryer and other accessories suitable for investigating the drying rate kinetics of granules under controlled external conditions are described. Granulations of lactose and sulfathiazole, representing water-soluble and insoluble materials, were prepared using various commonly used binders, and their drying rates were determined. The binders and diluents affected the drying rate curves for these granulations both qualitatively and quantitatively. Granules made with starch paste and gelatin solution required maximum time and energy for drying and those made with simply syrup USP required the least among the binders studied. Generally, three linear slopes were observed when the drying rate was plotted against the moisture remaining, indicating that granulation drying may be considered as occurring through three distinct phases. PMID- 1133690 TI - Automated conductimetric titrimeter: use in studying ionic solute-solute interactions. PMID- 1133691 TI - Structure of lupeol and its 19alpha-H-isomer. PMID- 1133692 TI - Synthesis of substituted benzylidinohydrazines and their monoamine oxidase inhibitory and anticonvulsant properties. PMID- 1133693 TI - Chromatography on lipophilic dextran gels for fractionation of low molecular weight compounds I: steroid digitonides. AB - A method for the separation of 3beta-hydroxysterols from other sterols is presented. The method involves precipitating 3beta-hydroxysterols as the digitonides. The digitonide is then decomposed and separated into components using chromatography on highly cross-linked lipophilic polysaccharide gels. The digitonin in the mother liquor is separated from other sterols using the same chromatographic procedure. PMID- 1133694 TI - Chromatography on lipophilic dextran gels for fractionation of low molecular weight compounds II: separation of cardiac glycosides from cardiac aglycones. AB - A simple method is presented for the separation of cardiac glycosides from cardiac aglycones using highly cross-linked lipophilic dextran gel chromatography with 95% ethanol as the solvent. PMID- 1133695 TI - Disintegration properties of calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate tablets. AB - The effect of compressional force on the disintegration time of tablets prepared from calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate containing various tablet disintegrants was examined. The results show that effects of compressional force on disintegration time are of two types. The first type is that of insoluble disintegrants, e.g., starch and a cation-exchange resin, where the disintegration time initially shows a dramatic decrease. After this decrease, a further increase in compressional force appears to have no effect on the disintegration time. The second type is that of soluble disintegrants, e.g., calcium sodium alginate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and sodium staarch glycolate, where variation in compressional force has very little effect on the disintegration time. These results are discussed in terms of the differing mechanism whereby these substances act as disintegrants. PMID- 1133696 TI - Improved synthesis of 18-hydroxydeoxycorticosterone. AB - Hypoiodite photolysis of 3beta-acetoxy-5-pragnen-20beta-olgave 3beta-acetoxy-5 pregnene-18,20-lactone in 46% yield. Lithium aluminum hydride reduction of the latter afforded 3beta, 18,20beta-trihydroxy-5-pregnen (91% yield) which, on Oppenauer oxidation, was converted to 18-hydroxyprogesterone (66%). Lead tetraacetate oxidation followed by mild saponification gave 18 hydroxydeoxycorticosterone (58%) yield). PMID- 1133697 TI - Simple isolated perfused artery preparation: vasoconstrictor evaluation. AB - Small mesenteric arteries free of all extraarterial tissues were obtained from anesthetized dogs and perfused in vitro with Krebs solution. Vasoconstrictor responses of these arteries to intraarterial levarterenol and epinephrine were dose related and equivalent to those of arteries surrounded by fat and other tissues. Responsiveness was stable for at least 60 min. This simple preparation is useful for the study of vasoconstrictor phenomena uncomplicated arterial tissue. PMID- 1133698 TI - N-Substituted indanamines as potential hypoglycemic agents. AB - A number of indanamines substituted at the terminal amino nitrogen with various aliphatic, alicyclic, heterocyclic, and aromatic ring systems were synthesized and screened for hypoglycemic activity. None was found to possess significant activity compared to tolbutamide. PMID- 1133699 TI - Letter: Dose adjustment in renal failure. PMID- 1133700 TI - Letter: Free amino acids in higher marine fungi. PMID- 1133701 TI - [Statistical analysis of some etiopathogenetic factors of the varicos disease. 111. Sides affected, local disturbances, collateral disturbabces, temperature, orthostatism, phlebitis, ulcer, work absenteeism, prior medical and surgical treatment]. PMID- 1133702 TI - [MPOPHOLOGICAL COMPOSITION OF BLOOD AND BONE MARROW OF DOGS AFTER MASSIVE BLOOD TRANSFUSION]. PMID- 1133703 TI - [Statistical analysis of some etiopathogenetic factors of the varicose disease. IV. Disposition for surgery, knowledge of risks and dangers, general conclusions]. PMID- 1133704 TI - Decomposition of p-aminosalicylic acid in the solid state. PMID- 1133705 TI - Solubility of nonelectrolytes in polar solvents III: Alkyl p-aminobenzoates in polar and mixed solvents. AB - The relative solubilities of n-alkyl p-aminobenzoates in water, proplyene blycol water mixtures, proplyene glycol, and several other pharmaceutically important solvents can be predicted on the basis of a theoretical equation. This equation relates the activity coefficient of the hydrophobic portion of the molecule to the product of its surface area and its interfacial tension [free energy per unit area of a hydrocarbon (tetradecane) against the polar or semipolar solvent of interest]. The assumptions, conclusions, and applicability of the theorectical relationship are compared to those of the Scatchard-Hildebrand approach. PMID- 1133706 TI - [Significance of changes of blood serotonin and monoamine oxidase activity in acute lethat hemorrhage in dogs during resuscitation]. PMID- 1133707 TI - [Peripheral blood leukocyte count in rabbits during prolonged "centrogenic" fever]. PMID- 1133708 TI - [Functional activity of liver and kidney mitochondria in experimental toxic hepatitis and the action of microwaves]. PMID- 1133709 TI - Timed release from polymeric films containing drugs and kinetics of drug release. AB - The preparation of cast films of ethylcellulose containing caffeine and salicylic acid is described. These films exhibit timed release of drugs. Release rates were found to agree with both the classical first-order equation (log drug retained against time) and diffusion-controlled release models, as exemplified by Higuchi's equations (drug release linearly related to square root of time). Mathematical analysis of the data shows that the release behavior actually conforms with the diffusion-controlled model. Literature results, reported as first order, for the release of cetylpyridinium chloride and benzalkonium chloride from polyamide films were analyzed similarly and shown to be diffusion controlled. Recommendations are made for presentation and routine treatment of drug release data to avoid ambiguity and provide useful biopharmaceutical information. PMID- 1133710 TI - [Antibody biosynthesis in experimental hypercholesteremia]. PMID- 1133711 TI - Chemical constituents of gentianaceae XIV: tetraoxygenated and pentaoxygenated xanthones of Swertia purpurascens Wall. AB - The whole plant of Swertia purpurascens Wall. (Gentianaceae) has been shown to contain five tetraoxygenated and three pentaoxygenated zanthones. These are identified as 1,5,8-trihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone, 1,3,8-trihydroxy-5 methoxyzanthone, 1-hydroxy-3,7,8-trimethoxyxanthone, 1,3,7,8 tetrahydroxyxanthone, 1,3,5,8-tetrahydroxyxanthone, and 1-hydroxy-3,4,7,8 tetramethoxyxanthone by chemical and spectral evidence. Additionally, the crude mixture of natural xanthones has been shown to include two partially emthylated pentaoxygenated xanthones as minor entities, which yield 1-hydroxy-3,4,7,8 tetramethoxyxanthone and 1-hydroxy-3,4,5,8-tetramethoxyxanthone on methylation. This is the first time that pentaoxygenated xanthones have been found in a member of the genus Swertia. 1-Hydroxy-3,4,7,8-tetramethoxyxanthone was previously known only as a synthetic compound. The total xanthones of S. purpurascens produce significant CNS stimulant actions, consistent with some therapeutic uses of the plant extract in the Indian system of medicine. The chemotaxonomic significance of the cooccurrence of various biogenetically related chemical characters in a single plant species is appraised. PMID- 1133712 TI - Antitumor agents II: nitrogen analogs of mycophenolic acid. AB - Mycophenolic acid, a novel antibiotic of low toxicity containing no nitrogen atoms in its structure, induces tumor regression in several murine solid tumor assays. It has been reported in extensive structure-activity studies that chemical modifications on the antibiotic itself reduce or eliminate antitumor activity. With the objective of antitumor activity enhancement, nitrogen containing analogs of mycophenolic acid were synthesized according to a program directed toward the ultimate synthesis of close bioisosteres of the antibiotic. Intial efforts reported here describe the terpenoid side-chain degradation of N geranyl-2(1H)-pyridones and N-geranylglutarimides, where the terminal isopropylidene is replaced with a carboxyl group as it occurs in mycophenolic acid. The resulting nitrogen-containing analogs of the antitumor antibiotic were inactive in the l-1210 and Walker 256 tumor systems. PMID- 1133713 TI - Hydrodynamic analog model for pharmacokinetics I: model and its usefulness. AB - A novel hydrodynamic model for drug distribution, when the drug is administered intravenously in physiological systems, is presented. In addition to obtaining results of familiar multicompartment models, the theory presents fresh insights into pharmacokinetic problems. A detailed procedure is included for evaluating drug-physiological system parameters such as the elimination rate constant, volumes of distribution, and permeability properties from the experimental time course of concentration of the central compartment. PMID- 1133714 TI - Nonliner tissue disposition: salicylic acid in rat brain. AB - A model was developed to detect nonlinear disposition of a drug in a tissue. The model was experimentally tested relating to salicylic acid disposition in the brain. Experimental data obtained in rats are reported for doses of 25 and 40 mg/kg ip. The parameters measured for each dose were the ratio of the area under the brain concentration-time curve to the area under the plasma concentration time curve and the ratio of the maximum brain concentration of salicylic acid to the plasma concentration at that point in time. The ratios increased with dose; furthermore, ratios calculated using plasma concentrations corrected for plasma protein binding were dose dependent. Calculations performed on literature data for salicylic acid disposition in mouse brain corroborated the results of this sutdy. The existence of a saturable transport system for the elimination of salicylic acid from the brain is supported by the data presented. The rationale necessary to apply the model to any tissue is discussed. PMID- 1133715 TI - Synthesis of 2-(N-arylcarboxamide)-3-substituted ethoxyindoles and their monoamine oxidase inhibitory and anticonvulsant activities. AB - 2-(N-Arylcarboxamide)-3-substituted ethoxyindoles were synthesized by the reaction of 2-(N-arylcarboxamide)-3-hydroxyindoles, which were obtained by the cyclization of 2-carbomethoxyphenylglycine-substituted anilides. These 2-(N arylcarboxamide)-3-substituted ethoxyindoles were evaluated for their in vitro monoamine oxidase inhibitory ability and in vivo monamine oxidase inhibitory property as evidence by reserpine reversal response. Their anticonvulsant activity also was determined against pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures. No definite correlation could be observed between chemical structure and biological activity. PMID- 1133716 TI - GLC trace analysis of dextromethorphan and bromhexine salts in pharmaceutical preparations. AB - GLC proved to be particularly well suited for trace analysis of dextromethorphan and bromhexine salts in different pharmaceutical preparations, using diphenhydramine as the internal standard. PMID- 1133717 TI - Analysis of pholcodine in cough preparations. AB - A rapid and simple method for the assay of pholcodine in various syrup and linctus formulations, based on color reaction with p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde, is suggested. At specified conditions, the results obtained show good reproducibility. PMID- 1133718 TI - Assay of sulfacetamide sodium ophthalmic solutions by high-pressure liquid chromatography. AB - A high-pressure liquid chromatographic method, using an absorption column and sulfabenzamide as the internal standard, is proposed for the determination of sulfacetamide sodium and its principal hydrolysis product, sulfanilamide, in eye drops. It affords an average recovery of 100.9% of added sodium sulfacetamide with a relative standard deviation of 1.9%. PMID- 1133719 TI - GLC analysis of griseofulvin: a collaborative study. AB - A GLC method for the assay of griseofulvin in bulk and dosage forms was subjected to a wide and rigorous collaborative study. An overall recovery of 99.52 plus or minus 2.33% for three samples from 19 participating laboratories was obtained. The success of this study is ascribed to the fact that strict performance requirements are specified for the operating system. PMID- 1133720 TI - Drying rates of tablet granulations II: effect of particle size and granular densities. AB - The effects of the granule size and density on the drying rate kinetics of tablet granulations were studied using lactose and sulfathiazole granules prepared with acacia mucilage and providone solution. The drying rate kinetics consisted of three distinct phases of drying when the drying rate was platted against remaining moisture content: constant rate, first falling rate, and second falling rate periods. The effect of various statistical diameters and granular density on the drying rate during the first falling rate period was analyzed, and the mechanism of moisture migration during this phase of drying was identified. PMID- 1133721 TI - Automated high-pressure liquid chromatographic analysis of aspirin, phenacetin, and caffeine. AB - An automated high-pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the separation and determination of aspirin, phenacetin, and caffeine in pharmaceutical dosage forms is descreibed. Separation of these compounds for quantitation is achieved on a controlled pore glass support, utilizing a mixture of acetic acid and chloroform as the mobile phase. The method is specific, accurate, and simple and provides for the quantitation of each chromatogram in a continuous fashion every 7 min. HPLC separation of other analgesics was studied on a spherical siliceous support. The feasibility of determining free salicylic acid in analgesics also was established. PMID- 1133722 TI - Timed-release tablets containing quinine sulfate. AB - The release rates of quinine sulfate from slowly eroding, timed-release tablets prepared with various amounts of a swellable gum, carbomer, and cellulose acetate hydrogen phthalate at different compaction pressures were attained. For the dissolution test of the prepared tablets, the method described in NF XIII was followed. The concentration of the released quinine sulfate was determined spectrophotometrically. PMID- 1133723 TI - Comparison of observed and predicted bioavailability of nortriptyline in humans following oral administration. AB - The first-pass equation based on the dose, hepatic blood flow, and total area under the plasma level-time curve after oral administration was used retrospectively to predict the bioavailability of nortriptyline after oral administration of 1 mg/kg-single oral doses to monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs. The predicted values of bioavailability ranged from 45 to 85%, consistent with experimentally derived estimates of nortriptyline availability. PMID- 1133724 TI - Effects of acids and bases on salicylic acid-cetrimide systems. AB - The effects of acids and bases on the viscosity of salicylic acid-cetrimide systems were investigated. A viscosity reduction was produced by the addition of acids and was independent of the degree of saturation of the cetrimide solution with salicylic acid. The incorporation of base followed by that of acid increased and decreased the viscosity, respectively. This viscosity behavior was demonstrated in undersaturated systems and was not goverened by the relative amounts of base or acid used. In oversaturated systems, only a lowering of viscosity was observed. PMID- 1133725 TI - Opium alkaloids XV: isolation of stepholidine. AB - A protoberberine alkaloid was isolated from opium and characterized as (-) 2, 10 dihydroxy-3,9-dimethoxytetrahydroprotoberberine by spectroscopic methods and by comparison with (-) stepholidine. PMID- 1133726 TI - Colorimetric determination of formaldehyde via free radical formation. AB - Aliphatic aldehydes react with 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-bis-(hydroxylamino)butane and sodium periodate for form colored free radicals. These radicals were stabilized with pyridine in aqueous solution. Low levels of formaldehyde in aqueous solutions were determined utilizing this reaction. PMID- 1133727 TI - Nidation inhibition by simple ergoline derivatives. AB - The ability of four ergoline-type compounds (elymoclavine, its O-benzoate and O carbamate, and N-methyl-6,7-secoelymoclavine) to inhibit nidation in rats was determined and found to parallel their prolactin-inhibiting activity. PMID- 1133728 TI - Positional isomer of the muscle relaxant dantrolene. AB - 3-[[5-(P-Nitrophenyl) furfurylidene]amino]hydantoin, a position isomer of dantrolene, was synthesized and evaluated for skeletal muscle relaxant activity. PMID- 1133729 TI - GLC analysis of metronidazole in human plasma. AB - A sensitive procedure was developed for metronidazole in human plasma. The metronidazole is extracted from the plasma with chloroform and determined as the trimethylsilyl derivatives by GLC using a flame-ionization detector. Myristyl alcohol is used as the internal standard for quantitation by relative peak height. PMID- 1133730 TI - Determination of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids in human urine. AB - A study was undertaken to develop a method that could be used an an indication of the absorption of steroids. It was demonstrated that 17-hydroxycorticosteroids in urine could be quantitatively determined via absorptivity values obtained through the use of standard hydrocortisone-alcohol solutions or standard solutions of hydrocortisone in urine utilizing the blue tetrazolium assay method. This method is dependent upon the hydrolysis of conjugated urinary steroids by beef liver glucuronidase. The resultant concentration of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids is determined colorimetrically using blue tetrazolium. PMID- 1133731 TI - Fluorocarbon aerosol propellants V: binding interaction with human albumin. AB - Binding of trichloromonofluoromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane, and dichlorotetrafluoroethane was studied in aqueous 5% human albumin solution, using the partition coefficient method in sealed serum bottles. The partition coefficient and the fraction of fluorocarbons bound were highly dependent on fluorocarbon concentrations. The average binding sites per molecule of albumin were 2.17, 0.30, and 0.42 and the binding association constants were 1.11 X10-3, 1.73 X10-3, and 5.06X10-3 M-minus 1, respectively. At the lowest concentration studied, 62.3, 25.5, and 65.6% were found bound to albumin, respectively. This appears to represent the first extensive study on any gas-albumin interaction. PMID- 1133732 TI - Drug release from a lipophilic ointment base as influenced by chain length of added surfactant. AB - The release of sulfathiazole and salicylic acid from white petrolatum containing ethoxylated surfactants of varying ethylene oxide chain length was evaluated by the dialysis method. The rate of release of the drugs increased with the ethylene oxide number of the added surfactant. PMID- 1133733 TI - Preparation and Baeyer-Villiger Reaction of certain 2-carbalkoxycyclopropyl methyl ketones. AB - Treatment of mixed anhydrides derived from cis- and trans-2 carbobenzyloxycyclopropanecarboxylic acids and ethyl chloroformate with ethoxymagnesio di-tert-butyl malonate and subsequent treatment of the resulting adducts with p-toluenesulfonic acid afforded cis- and trans-benzyl-2 acetylcyclopropanecarboxylates in good to excellent yields, with retention of the original stereochemistry of the systems. These methyl ketones and an open chain congener, benzyl levulinate, were inert toward m-chloroperbenzoic acid. The cis isomer and benzyl levulinate underwent normal Baeyer-Villiger reactions mediated by trifluoroperacetic acid, forming moderate yields of the acetate ester insertion products. PMID- 1133734 TI - Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-(9-acridinyl)ethyl-N-substituted carbamates and their hydrochlorides and 10-N-oxides. AB - The syntheses of 2-(9-acridinyl)ethyl-N-substituted carbamates and their hydrochlorides and 10-N-oxides are reported along with biological results in the areas of antineoplastic, antimalarial, and CNS activity screening. The compounds showed negative biological activity in the areas tested. PMID- 1133735 TI - Bioavailability of aspirin from commercial suppositories. AB - A comparison of the bioavailability of salicylate from five brands of commercially available aspirin rectal suppositories in an adult panel is presented. All brands show slow absorption compared to oral administration of the drug in tablet form. At best, about 40% of the dose (on the average) was absorbed when retention time in the bowel was limited to 2 hr. However, four out of the five brands give substantially lower absorption rates so that only about 20% of the aspirin is available. PMID- 1133736 TI - Central versus peripheral anticholinergic activity as assessed by two in vivo procedures in mice. AB - The activity of tertiary and quaternary anticholinergic drugs was compared in two different test procedures designed to measure cholinolytic activity in mice. The four drugs utilized were atropine sulfate, atropine methylnitrate, scopolamine hydrobromide, and scopolamine methylnitrate. The results led to the conclusion that one of these test procedures, the induction of mydriasis (increase in pupil size), primarily measures peripheral anticholinergic activity whereas the other procedure, inhibition of physostigmine lethality, primarily measures anticholinergic activity in the CNS. These two test procedures can be utilized to characterize the nature of the cholinolytic properties of prospective therapeutic drug candidates. PMID- 1133737 TI - Tissue distribution of N-14-C-azure C (methylthionine) in the rat. AB - The distribution of radioactivity as 5-, 10-, and 15-min intervals following the intravenous administration of N-14-C-azure C was determined. The concentrations of radioactivity observed indicated that radioactive derivatives of azure C would not be useful pancreas of parathyroid scanning agents. PMID- 1133738 TI - Letter: Amino acid esters of phenolic drugs as potentially useful prodrugs. PMID- 1133740 TI - Letter: Demonstration of claimed "controlled-release" properties of a drug formulation. PMID- 1133739 TI - Letter: Antiviral activity of gossypol and apogossypol. PMID- 1133741 TI - Letter: Contact angles on human skin. PMID- 1133742 TI - Letter: Variability in system for automated determination of dissolution rate. PMID- 1133743 TI - Letter: Synthesis and neuromuscular blocking activity of a 3,3'-bisbufotenidine analog. PMID- 1133744 TI - Vehicle effects on ocular drug bioavailability i: evaluation of fluorometholone. AB - The influences of drug concentration and vehicle composition on the corneal penetration of the steroid fluorometholone were studied in the albino rabbit. Aqueous dosing systems included a saturated solution and 0.1, 0.05, and 0.1% suspensions of micronized fluorometholone. Two different doses of a 0.1% oleaginous ointment were also studied. The results from the 0.1 and 0.5% suspensions show a peak aqueous humor steroid concentration at 30 min and a substantial sustaining effect with these two concentrations. The results also support the belief that moderate dilution of a suspension of a slowly soluble drug may not substantially lower the aqueous humor drug levels or, conversely, that use of a higher concentration suspension may not improve the aqueous humor drug concentration-time profile. The 0.1% suspension and the saturated solution did not produce a sustaining effect. The results demonstrate for the first time that the particles present in a dose of suspension are retained within the cul-de sac of the eye and contribute significantly to the amount of steroid penetrating the cornea. This finding was confirmed by a study in which the eye was rinsed with saline solution 30 min after instillation of a dose of a 0.05% suspension. The rinsing procedure prematurely terminated the sustaining effect of the suspension. The results of the ointment studies show that partitioning of the lipophilic steroid from the oleaginous vehicle has a greater rate-limiting influence on corneal penetration than the dissolution rate parameter associated with the aqueous suspensions. Peak aqueous humor concentration was not achieved until 3 hr after dosing and was comparable to the 0.1 and 0.05% suspensions. Predosing of the eye with a saturated solution or the 0.1% suspension prior to dosing with ointment overcomes the inability of the ointment to provide adequate drug at short times following dosing. In this case, peak levels were achieved within 60 min and then maintained. The duration of aqueous humor levels and the amount penetrating from the ointment were greater than the suspensions, and these effects are discussed relative to the mechanism. Differences in aqueous humor levels produced by 25- and 50-mg doses of ointment were minimal. A discussion of the results from all studies is presented in the context of present theories regarding the role of the lipophilic epithelial layer of the cornea as a barrier to drug penetration. PMID- 1133745 TI - Radioimmunoassay of chlordiazepoxide in plasma. AB - A simple, rapid, and sensitive radioimmunoassay was developed for the determination of chlordiazepoxide (7-chloro-2-methylamino-5-phenyl-3H-1,4 benzodiazepine 4-oxide) in plasma. Antiserum capable of binding chlordiazepoxide 2-14C was obtained from rabbits following immunization with an antigen prepared by coupling the reactive acyl azide of 7-chloro-5-(4 hydrazinocarbonylmethoxyphenyl)-2-methylamino-3H-1,4-benzodiazepine 4-oxide to bovine serum albumin. The radioimmunoassay allows for the specific determination of chlordiazepoxide directly in plasma without extraction and was compared with a differential spectrofluorometric assay for chlordiazepoxide. Both methods gave satisfactory agreement for the plasma levels of chlordiazepoxide in human subjects resulting from single and chronic oral doses of chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride. PMID- 1133746 TI - Effect of dilution on reactivity and structure of aluminum hydroxide gel. AB - Aluminum hydroxide gel loses reactivity upon aging. However, a sharp decrease in reactivity occurs when the gel is diluted with double-distilled water. The loss of reactivity is directly related to the degree of dilution, but dilution with dioxane or the mother liquor has no effect on reactivity. It is hypothesized that dilution with water causes a change in the equilibrium between stabilizing ions incorporated in the gel structure and ions in solution. As the stabilizing ions leave the gel structure to reestablish the equilibrium, a loss of reactivity is observed until a new equilibrium is established. PMID- 1133747 TI - Evaluation of a dynamic permeation technique for studying drug-macromolecule interactions. AB - The applicability of a permeation rate technique to the determination of drug macromolecule interactions was tested by measuring the extent of interaction of methylparaben with polyvinylpyrrolidone and polysorbate 80. Results were in agreement with literature data obtained by other techniques. The present method, although restricted to permeant molecules that diffuse readily through nonporous nylon membranes, is of potential value for investigations of drug binding by macromolecules not retained by porous dialysis membranes. PMID- 1133748 TI - Chlorpromazine metabolism IV: quaternization as a key to determination of picomoles of chlorpromazine and other tertiary amine drugs. AB - Reaction of chlorpromazine with 9-bromomethylacridine under appropriate conditions yields a nonfluorescent quaternary ammonium derivative which, on subsequent photolysis, liberates fluorescence. The major component of this fluorescence is 9-methylacridine (86%), while two minor components are 9 acridinecarboxaldehyde (6%) and 9-acridinemethanol (8%). The mechanism of photolysis leading to formation of these products appears to involve homolytic as well as heterolytic cleavages of the quaternary salt. Both the quaternization and the photolysis are stoichiometric. Appropriate isolation of the fluorescence and its quantitative determination constitutes the basis of a new and highly sensitive assay applicable to chlorpromazine and other tertiary amine drugs. PMID- 1133749 TI - Synthesis of 5-(3, 3-disubstituted-1-triazenyl) imidazole-4-carbonitriles. AB - The 3, 3-dimethyl-, 3-n-butyl-3-methyl-, 3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methyl-, 3,3-bis(2 fluoroethyl)-, and 3, 3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-triazenyl derivatives of imidazole-4 carbonitrile were prepared from 5-diazoimidazole-4-carbonitrile, a stable compound which produced a mass spectrum consistent with its structure. In contrast to the corresponding carboxamides, none of the triazenylimidazole-4 carbonitriles were active against lymphatic leukemia L-1210 im mice. Like the analogous carboxamide, the bis(2-chloroethyl) triazene readily cyclizes to the 1, 2, 3-triazolinium chloride. PMID- 1133750 TI - Interaction of metronidazole with metallic ions of biological importance. AB - The possibility tht metronidazole exerts several of its biological actions via interaction with important metal ions was investigated. NMR spectroscopy and polarography (ac) were used to test for any interaction, to locate the probable sites for complexation, and to determine the molecular stoichiometry of any complexes formed. Of the series of divalent metal ions tests, only cupric ion showed detectable interaction with metronidazole. The predominant site of interaction of cupric ion was the unsubstituted nitrogen atom (N-3) on the metronidazole molecule. The stoichiometry of the complex was (Cu (metronidazole)4)+2. A likely structure for the complex is presented. PMID- 1133751 TI - Linear relationships between plasma binding and lipophilicity of disopyramide derivatives. AB - The extent of plasma binding and the partition coefficient of disopyramide and 20 disopyramide derivatives were determined. Structural variations on the four functional groups around the tetrahedral carbon in the disopyramide molecule was found to influence both parameters to varying degrees. Three linear equations were developed to correlate the observed effects, depending on the type of chemical modification. The linear correlation between drug-plasma interaction and lipophilic character was analyzed theoretically. A simple model was derived to relate quantitatively the variation in the extent of plasma binding to the change in lipophilicity of disopyramide derivatives. PMID- 1133752 TI - Selecting key parameters in pharmaceutical formulations by principal component analysis. AB - The role of principal component analysis in the selection of pharmaceutical formulations is presented. The objective and the procedure of the analysis are discussed in detail. The technique was successfully applied to a system consisting of 10 response variables (tablet properties). Analysis of the results showed that the first component (dissolution) and components one and two together (dissolution and disintegration) contributed 95.4 and 99.3%, respectively, to the overall information about the formulations and that eight of 10 response parameters contributed nothing further to the overall information. The results obtained from this method of analysis may be found useful for achieving economy in both cost and time of measuring response. Principal component analysis also provides a basis for understanding the underlying mechanism of the system under consideration. PMID- 1133753 TI - Aqueous mixture of pyrrolidone-5-hydroxamic acid-iron (III) complexes: isolation and characterization of tris (pyrrolidone-5-hydroxamato) iron (III). AB - The published procedure for the synthesis of pyrrolidone-5-hydroxamic acid was improved. The acidity constant of the pyrrolidone-5-hydroxamic acid was determined as pKa = 8.65. In an aqueous solution of iron (III) ions, pyrrolidone 5-hydroxamic acid binds ferric ion, forming a mixture of mono-, bis-, and tris(pyrrolidone-5-hydroxamato)iron (III) complexes. These complexes were studied by potentiometric and spectrophotometric methods. The tris compound was isolated as dark orange-red crystals and identified according to elemental analysis and IR spectral data as C15H21FeN6O9.6H2O, having the magnetic moment of 5.67 B.M. PMID- 1133754 TI - Specific TLC tissue residue determination of sulfadiazine following fluorescamine derivatization. AB - A spectrodensitometric method for the direct determination of sulfadiazine at the tissue residue level (0.1 ppm) is based upon the measurement of the fluorescence of a sulfadiazine-fluorescamine derivative formed directly on a TLC plate by dipping it into a fluorescamine solution. The linear dynamic range for the assay is about 150 from 200 to 0.2 ng, the lower limit of sensitivity. Recoveries from various spiked tissues including milk, eggs, liver, kidneys, muscle, skin, and fat varied with the tissue type but were reproducible. The assay technique has also been used for the assay of sulfamethoxazole and has been explored for use in specifically assaying sulfonamide mixtures. PMID- 1133755 TI - Predicting subjective spreadability, viscosity, and stickiness. AB - Subjective spreadability, viscosity, and stickiness perceived with the fingers were predicted from fluid mechanics. The correlation coefficients of these predictions were 0.95 for spreadability, 0.95 for viscosity, and 0.09 for stickiness. The two important assumptions in the predictions were that spreadability and viscosity were perceived as shear stress and that stickiness was perceived as time. When the finger geometry was approximated as two parallel plates, the predictions only required rheological data for the Newtonian and non Newtonian liquids used. While these liquids covered a range of 10-6 in apparent viscosity, large variations in other fluid properties such as density and surface tension were not studied. PMID- 1133756 TI - Electronic spectra and electronic structures of some antimicrobials derived from proflavine. AB - The shifts in the absorption and fluorescence spectra of 3-aminoacridine, proflavine, acridine orange, and acridine yellow were employed to show that the singly charged cations, the predominant species at biological pH, exist in the ground state in the amino form. In the lowest excited singlet state, however, the monocations of the diaminoacridines have the imino structure, a conclusion supported by the relative ground- and excited-state pKa values of the reactions of the monocation with H-+. The ground-state amino structure has its positive charge concentrated at the heterocyclic nitrogen atom, a fact that is of primary importance in determining the geometry of binding to DNA. PMID- 1133757 TI - Effect of surfactants on absorption through membranes III: effects of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate and poloxalene on absorption of a poorly absorbable drug, phenolsulfonphthalein, in rats. AB - The influence of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate and poloxalene on the GI absorption of phenolsulfonphthalein in the rat was studied. Urinary excretion data after oral administration of the drug to intact rats and loss of the drug from the whole small intestine as a loop were both utilized to assess the effect of the surfactants on absorption. Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate markedly increased the absorption of the drug, and the extent was dependent on the surfactant concentration. Maximum effect was observed at the reported ED50 in rats, of the surfactant as a fecal softener. The mechanism responsible for absorption enhancement seems to be an alteration of the permeability of the intestinal membrane. Micellar complexation between the drug and the surfactant resulted in a lesser increase in absorption at the higher surfactant concentrations. Poloxalene did not increase drug absorption, but higher concentrations caused a decrease in absorption due to micellar entrapments of the drug molecules. The influence of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate on the peritoneal absorption of the drug was also investigated. Lower doses of the surfactant increased absorption of the drug by altering the membrane permeability. Higher doses decreased absorption due to unavailability of the drug molecules entrapped in the micelles. PMID- 1133758 TI - Effect of surfactants on absorption through membranes IV: effects of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate on absorption of a poorly absorbable drug, phenolsulfonphthalein, in humans. AB - To explore the effect of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate on drug absorption in humans, the urinary excretion of a poorly absorbable drug, phenolsulfonphthalein, administered in solution with and without the surfactant was determined. Coadministration of a therapeutic dose of the surfactant with the drug solution resulted in a significant increase in the initial rate of absorption. A small increase in the extent of absorption was also observed. Pretreatment with the surfactant for 6 nights, followed by administration of the drug on the 7th day, did not significantly change the rate of extent of absorption. The surfactant is thought to have a direct effect on the GI membrane, resulting in a temporary change in its permeability. This effect appears to be reversible after a few hours. PMID- 1133759 TI - Determination of (plus or minus)-1, 2-bis(3, 5-dioxopiperazinyl) propane plasma levels in rats, rabbits, and humans by GLC and mass fragmentography. AB - Specific assay procedures were developed to measure plasma concentrations of (plus or minus)-1, 2-bis(3, 5-dioxopiperazinyl) propane (1) by GLC using flame ionization detection with a sensitivity limit of 5 mug/ml and by GLC-mass fragmentography with a sensitivity limit of 0.2 mug/ml. Applicability of the assay procedures was demonstrated in rats, rabbits, and humans. Plasma concentration-time curves of total 14-C activity and intact I was obtained in rats and rabbits following oral and intravenous administration of 14-C-I. Plasma elimination half-lives of I in the first 2 hr following intravenous doses in rats were 40 and 45 min in two rats. Plasma levels of I were measured over 6 hr after an intravenous dose in rabbits and followed a two-compartment open model with a terminal loglinear plasma half-life of 85 min. Significantly higher total 14-C levels compared to intact I plasma concentrations indicated rapid biotransformation in both rats and rabbits to unknown metabolites. The oral bioavailability appeared to be limited in both species relative to intravenous administration. Two patients receiving 3 g I/m-2 in tablets orally showed plasma levels of I similar to those obtained after oral doses in rats and rabbits, with peak concentrations at 2 hr after the dose (3.8 mug/ml) and with still measurable levels 12 hr after the dose (0.4 mug/ml). PMID- 1133760 TI - Desensitization of the adrenergic neurons of the isolated rabbit ear artery to nicotinic agonists. AB - At 37 degrees C the vasoconstrictor response of the isolated, perfused rabbit ear artery to an infusion of nicotine or acetylcholine (ACh) was transient--rising rapidly to a peak and then fading completely within a minute or two. After complete fade of the response during continued infusion of either nicotine or ACh (in the presence of atropine), the vasoconstrictor responses to stimulation of periarterial adrenergic neurons or to infused norepinephrine (NE) were not diminished. The fade of response was attributed to desensitization of nicotinic receptors at the adrenergic nerve terminals on which nicotine and ACh act to release NE. On washout of either nicotinic agonist after development of desensitization, recovery of sensitivity was essentially complete within several minutes, provided that neither excessively high concentrations nor excessively long periods of infusion had been used. The rate of desensitization to nicotine of ACh increased with concentration of the agonist. On infusion of high concentrations (200 mug/ml) of either, the time required for full desensitization was estimated to be less than 5 seconds. Cross-desensitization was demonstrated for nicotine, ACh and tetramethylammonium. Considerable desensitization occurred even on infusion of nicotine (1 mug/ml) slightly below that required to give a threshold vasoconstrictor response. Moreover, full desensitization without any preceding vasoconstrictor response could be obtained if the concentration of infused nicotine was gradually increased from an initial subthreshold to a final very high suprathreshold level over a 20- to 30-minute period. Both the rate and degree of desensitization to nicotine decreased as the temperature was decreased from 37 degrees to 27 degrees C. The present results are consistent with the concept that the nicotinic receptor (or receptor mechanism) at the adrenergic nerve terminal, after being activated as a result of combination with the agonist, can undergo a transformation to an inactive or desensitized state. It is proposed that under conditions where desensitization to the agonist develops in the absence of any vasoconstrictor response, the fraction of receptors in the activated state at any instant in time during the development is too small to trigger the release of NE. PMID- 1133761 TI - Blood pressure and heart rate responses evoked by d- and l-amphetamine in the pithed rat preparation. AB - Isomers of amphetamine were tested for their ability to evoke changes in the spontaneous motor behavior of rats. d-Amphetamine was effective within the dose range of 0.2 to 2.0 mg/kg; l-amphetamine was effective within the range of 1.0 to 10.0 mg/kg. Both d- and l-amphetamine were also compared for their pressor and tachycardic activity in pithed rats. The doses of amphetamine tested (0.1-10.0 mg/kg) were identical to those which produced changes in behavior. d-Amphetamine was approximately 5-fold more potent than l-amphetamine in evoking pressor responses and approximately 3-fold more potent in evoking tachycardic responses. The two isomers differed little in their ability to block norepinephrine uptake into heart. The ID50 values were; d-amphetamine 0.7 mg/kg; l-amphetamine, 1.2 mg/kg. Cocaine, which also blocked norepinephrine uptake into heart (ID50 = 3.0 mg/kg), lacked significant pressor or tachycardic activity in pithed, adrenalectomized animals. The inability of cocaine to evoke responses was related to the marked reduction in norepinephrine turnover and release in pithed animals. It was concluded that differences in potency between d- and l-amphetamine cannot be explained on the basis of blockade of norepinephrine uptake. The difference may relate to evoked release of amine. PMID- 1133762 TI - Effects of chronic oral contraceptive treatment on the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II in the rat. AB - The effects of chronic ingestion of oral contraceptive preparations with "low" and "high" estrogen contents on conversion of angiotensin I (AI) to angiotensin II (AII) have been examined in the rat. The dosage employed was 1.0 mg/kg/day for a period of 3 to 4 weeks. Blood pressure responses in anesthesized animals showed that in vivo conversion of AI was increased by about 40% with either drug treatment. The activity of injected renin was increased to the same extent as that of AI following treatment with the low-estrogen preparation, and to a greater extent following treatment with the high-estrogen preparation. Blood pressure responses to AII were also slightly increased above control values in those animals which received high-estrogen treatment. However, conversion of AI in isolated perfused lungs or in plasma from treated rats was not significantly altered from normal. It is concluded that conversion of AI to AII can constitute the rate-limiting step in AII production under certain circumstances and that increased conversion may play a part in the changes in the renin-angiotensin system associated with high circulating estrogen levels. The increased conversion is unlikely to be due to a change in pulmonary or plasma converting enzyme activity. PMID- 1133763 TI - The effects of ajmaline in experimental and clinical arrhythmias and their relation to some electrophysiological parameters of the heart. AB - The antiarrhythmic efficacy of ajmaline has been evaluated in three experimental models of cardiac arrhythmias in the dog. These data have been related to the actions of the compound on several parameters of heart function and compared to results obtained in various clinical arrhythmias. Ajmaline was more effective in arrhythmias of the ectopic focus type than in the circus movement model. These results agreed with the pattern of clinical activity. The compound produced decreases in excitability and conduction and increased the functional refractory period in all heart tissues. These effects were most marked in the atrium. The drug also showed a moderate degree of anticholinergic activity. Both in the dogs and in the clinical cases, the agent showed an important hypotensive effect. In a group of experiments in which transmembrane potentials were recorded, the compound produced in all tissues a decrease in upstroke velocity and amplitude of the action potential; it also increased the duration of the action potential in atrial and ventricular muscle, but it decreased it in Purkinje fibers. The possible mechanism(s) of action of the drug is discussed in terms of the different hypotheses for cardiac arrhythmias. PMID- 1133764 TI - Effects of bretylium on rat cardiac muscle: the electrophysiological effects and its uptake and binding in normal and immunosympathectomized rat hearts. AB - Bretylium produced electrophysiological effects on both rat atrium and ventricle in vitro at concentrations ranging from 2 times 10- minus 5 to 10- minus three M. Those effects included lengthening of action potential duration and effective refractory period; increasing effective refractory period/action potential duration; decreasing dv/dt of phase zero of the action potential and suppressing the action potential amplitude and overshoot. These effects, which could serve as a basis for the antiarrhythmic action of bretylium, were observed also in hearts from immunosympathectomized rats confirming a direct effect of this drug on the electrical properties of the cardiac muscle cells. In vivo and in vitro exposure of the myocardium to 14-C-bretylium showed that this drug is concentrated in cardiac ventricle and that this concentrating ability of the heart may be responsible for attaining effective antiarrhythmic concentrations in the myocardium at low plasma concentrations of the drug. Uptake of bretylium by the sympathetic nerves never amounted to more than 15% of the total bretylium binding by the cardiac ventricle and this neuronal uptake became insignificant compared to total bretylium uptake at concentrations greater than 10- minus 6 M. Subcellular distribution of the bretylium bound to the cardiac ventricle from immunosympathectomized rats suggested a binding to plasma membranes. Efflux studies indicate that this binding was tight, although reversible. These results indicate that underlying the antiarrhythmic effects of bretylium is an accumulation of the drug by cardiac muscle cells and a direct effect of the drug on the electrical properties of the cardiac muscle membrane independent of any action on the adrenergic neuron. PMID- 1133765 TI - The effects of dimethyl quaternary propranolol on the electrophysiologic properties of canine cardiac Purkinje fibers. AB - The effects of dimethyl quaternary propranolol (UM-272) on electrophysiologic properties of canine cardiac Purkinje fibers (PF) were studied using standard microelectrode techniques. In PF superfused with Tyrode's solution, the effects of UM-272, 10- minus 7 to 10- minus 5 M, were studied. In other experiments, UM 272, 3 mg/kg, was injected into donor animals whose blood was used to superfuse isolated PF. Antiarrhythmic concentrations of UM-272 decreased action potential (AP) amplitude, phase 0 upstroke velocity, membrane responsiveness, AP duration and the effective refractory period (the decrease in the effective refractory period was less than that in AP duration). Automaticity of spontaneously firing PF was suppressed. As perfusate potassium concentration was increased, the magnitude of UM-272 effect was accentuated. When the actions of equimolar concentrations of UM-272 and propranolol on PF AP were compared, propranolol attained a steady-state effect more rapidly and tended to depress the AP more markedly. UM-272 did not block epinephrine-induced increases in PF automaticity or the adenylate cyclase activation of PG homogenates induced by epinephrine. These studies indicate that UM-272 has direct effects on the PF AP similar to those of propranolol, but lacks the beta blocking properties of the latter. PMID- 1133766 TI - Alteration in calcium metabolism as a mechanism for pyridine aldoxime methochloride (2-PAM) cardiac action in rabbit atria. AB - Pyridine aldoxime methochloride (2-PAM) increased the force of contraction of stimulated rabbit left atria in vitro. The threshold concentration was 2.3 times 10- minus 3 M whereas 9.2 times 10- minus 2 M produced the absolute maximum increase in tension of 83%. Pretreatment of rabbits with reserpine (2.5 mg/kg/day for 3 days) had no significant influence on the positive inotropic action of 2 PAM. In addition, propranolol (10- minus 8 and 10- minus 6 M) had no effect. Time to peak tension and the time to complete relaxation during each contraction cycle was significantly prolonged. 2-PAM increased the isometric tension developed by isolated aortic strips. The maximum tension developed by the control aortas to 2 PAM was 1.54 plus or minus 0.17 g and after 10- minus 6 M phentolamine, it remained 1.46 plus or minus 0.19 g. The rate of tension decline of stimulated atria was increased in the presence of 2-PAM from 49.7 plus or minus 2.40 to 28.50 plus or minus 1.32 seconds when the atria were placed in a low calcium (Ca) containing Ringer's solution (0.24 mM CaCl2). When the bathing medium was changed from a low Ca (0.24 mM CaCl2) Ringer's back to normal Ca (2.4 mM CaCl2) Ringers solution, 2-PAM had no influence on the rate of recovery of the initial tension response of the atria. The 34-Ca uptake and efflux studies demonstrated that 2 PAM had no influence on the inward movement of Ca through the membrane but increased the rate of efflux during the phase II process. 2-PAM depressed the rate of uptake of 45-Ca by the isolated rabbit sarcoplasmic reticulum. The T1/2 for the control uptake was 1.80 plus or minus 0.07 minutes and in the presence of 2-PAM (2 times 10- minus 2, 5 times 10- minus 2, 1 times 10- minus 1 M) the T1/2 was increased to 4.50 plus or minus 0.22, 7.20 plus or minus 0.36 and 11.6 plus or minus 0.44 minutes, respectively. It is concluded from these studies that 2 PAM has a positive inotropic effect on isolated rabbit atria which is probably not related to the autonomic nervous system. The evidence obtained strongly suggests that the mechanism of the positive inotropic action is related to the effect of 2-PAM on the homeostasis of intracellular Ca storage sites. PMID- 1133767 TI - Distribution and metabolism of intravenously administered choline[methyl- 3-H] and synthesis in vivo of acetylcholine in various tissues of guinea pigs. AB - The biosynthesis of acetylcholine and the fate of intravenously administered choline [methyl- 3-H] were studied in guinea pigs anesthetized with pentobarbital. Choline and acetylcholine were isolated by paper electrophoresis and estimated by use of a specific enzymatic (choline kinase) - radioisotopic assay. The concentration of acetylcholine ranged from 25.5 to 1.1 nmol/g in the following tissues (in order of decreasing concentration): duodenum, corpus striatum, stomach, cerebral cortex, spinal cord, abdominal fat, submaxillary gland, kidney, adrenal gland, spleen, liver, lung, heart and diaphragm. Choline [methyl- 3-H] was converted in the tissues to acetylcholine within 3 minutes after intravenous administration of the precursor. Virtually all the radioactivity in plasma at that time was present as free choline, suggesting that free choline from plasma is the immediate precursor for acetylcholine synthesized in the tissues cited. The concentration of free choline in tissues ranged from 344 nmol/g in adrenals to 40 nmol/g in heart, while that in plasma was 15 nmol/g. The initial half-life of choline in plasma, estimated from the rate of disappearance of choline after intravenous administration of either a tracer dose of choline [methyl- 3-H] (0.031 mumol/kg) or a high dose of choline chloride (200 mumol/kg), was less than 1 minute. This rapid removal of choline from plasma resulted from uptake (or binding) by tissues, with kidney and liver removing about 50% of the administered dose of choline [methyl- 3-H] within 3 minutes after its administration. Uptake of choline occurred in all tissues cited above, but there was a 20-fold difference in the uptake by the most active tissues (kidney and adrenals), as compared to that of the least active (central nervous system). Within 60 minutes after administration of choline [methyl- 3-H], most of the radioactive choline taken up by tissues had been converted to organic-soluble metabolites and to water-soluble metabolites that behaved like either phosphorylcholine or betaine during paper electrophoresis and chromatography. Betaine was the principal metabolite of choline in plasma. Radioactivity was excreted slowly into urine, which contained primarily free choline, betaine and a large amount of an unidentified metabolite. These findings indicate that the principal mechanism for the rapid removal of choline from plasma is uptake into tissues followed by metabolism. PMID- 1133768 TI - Tracer microinjection studies of prostaglandin E-2 transport in the rat nephron. AB - Urinary excretion and tubular handling of 3-H-prostaglandin E2 (3-H-PGE2) were examined in anesthetized rats made diuretic with 2.5% saline infusion using the tracer microinjection technique. Radioactive inulin and PGE2 were simultaneously injected into surface convolutions of proximal and distal tubules with volumetric micropipettes and their urinary excretion were measured. The rate of microinjection was adjusted to approximate tubular flow. Net 3-H-PGE2 recoveries from the microinjected kidney were similar following injections into early (61.2 plus or minus 6.8%) and late (62.9 plus or minus 7.9%) proximal tubules, but significantly higher after injection into distal tubules (91.3 plus or minus 7.0%) indicating absorption of 3-H-PGE2 in the loop of Henle but not in the proximal and distal nephron. Excretion was primarily direct, that is, parallel with inulin excretion when PGE2 was deposited in distal convoluted tubules. After injection of 3-H-PGE2 into early and late proximal tubules, half of net recovery was direct and half showed temporal dissociation from inulin (indirect recovery), revealing retardation of PGE2 excretion in the loop. Segmental tubular efflux occurred primarily in the loop of Henle (48.5%). It was low in the distal nephron (13.5%) and negligible in the proximal convoluted tubule (6.1%). These studies indicate that the loop of Henle is the principal site of transtubular PGE2 movement. They do not suggest a primary tubular route of transfer of medullary prostaglandins to cortical vascular or peritubular sites of action except for possible inhibition of distal reabsorption from the luminal side. PMID- 1133769 TI - Alteration by phenobarbital and 3-methyl-cholanthrene of functional and structural changes in rat liver due to carbon tetrachloride inhalation. AB - The effect of carbon tetracholoride (CCl4) inhalation (1100 ppm, 30 minutes) on rat hepatic polyribosomal profile, amino acid incorporation and endoplasmic reticulum were studied in phenobarbital or 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC) pretreated rats. The inhalation of CCl4 alone caused a partial disruption of the hepatic polyribosomal profile. Rats pretreated with phenobarbital or 3-MC showed complete disruption of the hepatic polyribosomal profile. The hepatic polyribosomal profile returned to normal within 24 hours after exposure to CCl4 in saline and 3 MC-pretreated rats as compared to 48 hours in phenobarbital-pretreated rats. The incorporation of 14-C(U)-L-leucine into 9000 x g liver supernatant fraction protein was decreased in phenobarbital-pretreated rats when measured immediately following or 24 hours after inhalation of CCl4. The incorporation was also decreased in 3-MC-pretreated rats when measured immediately after exposure but not at 6 or 24 hours. The centrolobular hepatocytes of phenobarbital-pretreated rats exposed to CCl4 showed dilation and vesiculation of cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and striking changes in the nuclear double membrane. Partial recovery occurred within 24 hours and complete recovery within 48 hours after exposure. There were no observable changes in these parameters 0, 6, or 24 hours after exposure to CCl4 in 3-MC-pretreated rats. A new hypothesis is put forward which states that the activation of CCl4 to trichloromethyl free radicals takes place at two sites on the reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-cytochrome P-450 electron-transport chain of liver microsomes. PMID- 1133770 TI - Membrane permeability changes during stimulation of isolated salivary glands of Calliphora by 5-hydroxytryptamine. AB - 1. The membrane resistance of isolated salivary glands was found to decrease in response to 5-HT. The change in resistance was calcium-dependent. 2. The resistance change of the apical membrane was found to be much greater than the change in resistance of the basal membrane. 3. Potential responses under current clamped conditions showed that one part of the biphasic response to 5-HT (attributed to an increase in chloride permeability) could be reversed and the other part (attributed to an increase in a potassium pump) could not. 4. These observations have been incorporated into a model which, on evaluation, predicts all of the observed potential changes during the action of 5-HT. It suggests that the potential responses reflect changes in the internal chloride concentration produced by the calcium-dependent increases in chloride permeability. PMID- 1133771 TI - The effects of maintained light stimulation on S-potentials recorded from the retina of a teleost fish. AB - 1. S-potential responses to transient and maintained light stimuli have been recorded from units in the mixed rod-cone retina of a teleost fish species Eugerres plumieri. 2. Four spectral classes of S-potential were observed, three cone- and one rod-type. The cone-type responses were subdivided into two L-type (referred to as L1 and L2), and a C-type response. Two classes of transient depolarization response were also recorded from those retinal levels associated with the S-potential responses and these are attributed, tentatively, to rod and cone bipolar activity. 3. L2-type S-potentials do not yield constant hyperpolarization during maintained light stimulation, the time course of the response potential, V, being given approximately by (see article) where Vt is the response potential at time t sec following the onset of stimulation, Vo being the initial response potential. In contrast, both hyperpolarizing and depolarizing components of the C-type response were maintained under conditions of steady illumination. 4. Under maintained light stimulation at saturation illumination level, the rod S-potentials escape from hyperpolarization in a manner similar to that previously observed for the skate (Dowling & Ripps, 1971). 5. L2-type responses to transient test stimuli of illumination level I, superimposed on a steady background field of illumination level I', are in some respects consistent with Alpern, Rushton & Torii's (1970) empirical formula (see article) with K, I one-half and ID constants. However, for the present data, the value of I one-half is dependent on I'. 6. The significance of Ricco's law for S-potential responses is discussed in relation to these findings. PMID- 1133772 TI - Excitatory, inhibitory and biphasic synaptic potentials mediated by an identified dopamine-containing neurone. AB - 1. A giant dopamine-containing cell, situated in the left pedal ganglion of the water snail Planorbis corneus, was identified in isolated living preparations of the central nervous system. Spectrophotofluorimetric analysis confirms that the cell contains dopamine, whereas noradrenaline appears to be absent. The cell is unique in being a repeatedly identifiable dopamine-containing neurone. 2. Stimulation of the giant dopamine-containing cell resulted in excitatory, inhibitory or biphasic (depolarizing-hyperpolarizing) synaptic potentials in a number of follower neurones. The duration of the e.p.s.p.s and i.p.s.p.s was 0-3 5 sec; they ranged from barely detectable responses to ones 7 mV in amplitude in different cells. The depolarizing phase of a biphasic synaptic potential (b.p.s.p.) was usually less than 1 mV in amplitude (max. 3mV) and lasted 40-400 msec. The latency of i.p.s.p.s was long (70-120 msec) compared with that of e.p.s.p.s and b.p.s.p.s (20 msec). Abolition of the depolarizing phase of b.p.s.ps. by tubocurarine left a long-latency (70-120 msec) i.p.s.p. All responses showed summation and marked facilitation. 3. Evidence is presented that the post-synaptic potentials are produced by direct connections from the giant cell and result from a release of dopamine. Of eight putative transmitter substances tested on these different groups of neurones, only dopamine produced a potential change which in each case was of the same polarity as the post-synaptic potential when this was monophasic. However, generally applied dopamine produced only a hyperpolarization in follower cells showing b.p.s.p.s. This result is probably partly due to rapid desensitization of the receptors mediating the depolarization and also to a masking of the depolarization by the more effective hyperpolarizing response. 4. Erogometrine and 6-hydroxydopamine specifically antagonized the i.p.s.p.s and dopamine receptors mediating inhibition. Neither the e.p.s.p.s nor the excitatory dopamine response were blocked by high concentrations of hexamethonium. Hexamethonium was also ineffective in blocking the depolarizing phase of a b.p.s.p., which was, however, selectively eliminated by tubocurarine. 5. It is suggested that dopamine is the transmitter released from the giant cell and that it can mediate excitatory, inhibitory or biphasic responses in different follower neurones. PMID- 1133773 TI - Absence of polyneuronal innervation in cat extraocular muscles. AB - 1. Polyneuronal innervation is known to occur in several types of vertebrate muscle, including mammalian muscle spindle (Gray, 1957). Previous work had led to the suggestion that the multiply innervated cat extraocular muscles were similarly polyneuronally innervated. 2. The presence of polyneuronal innervation in fibres that show propagated conduction was explored in the two muscles innervated by the abducens nerve: the lateral rectus (which contains multiply innervated fibres) and the retractor bulbus (which does not). 3. Under conditions of twitch and tetanic stimulation, the sum of individual tensions from the two nerve branches was compared with the tension elicited from the whole nerve. An analysis of variance indicated that the lateral rectus and the retractor bulbus did not differ significantly in terms of tension excess. The twitch condition yielded a small but statistically significant (P smaller than 0-01) amount of tension excess, whereas the tetanic condition did not. 4. Twitches elicited by stimulation of one branch of the abducens nerve showed slight potentiation when preceded by a tetanic stimulation to the other nerve branch. This effect could be ready differentiated from the post-tetanic potentiation elicited by applying both twitch and tetanic stimuli to the whole nerve. 5. Muscle fatigue produced by intensive stimulation of one nerve branch did not decrease the amplitude of the tetanic contraction elicited by stimulation of the other branch. In fact, instead of crossed fatigue, a small but significant (P smaller than 0-05) potentiation was observed. 6. Analysis of the results of the three tests led to the conclusion that polyneuronal innervation could not be demonstrated in cat extraocular muslce fibers that showed propagated conduction. Thus, the end-to-end muscle fibre junctions (Floyd, 1970) apparently do not transmit conducted impulses. PMID- 1133774 TI - Comparison of the actions of porcine secretin and extracts of chicken duodenum on pancreatic exocrine secretion in the cat and turkey. AB - 1. Extracts were prepared of chicken duodenum and their actions on pancreatic secretion in urethane anasthetized turkeys and in conscious cats were compared with those of pure natural porcine secretin. 2. The chicken extracts and porcine secretin stimulated dose-dependent increases in the rate of flow, but not the rate of protein secretion, from the pancreas in cats and turkeys. 3. Porcine cholecystokinin stimulated both the rate of flow and the rate of protein secretion from the pancrease in turkeys. 4. The doses of chicken extract required to evoke half maximal rates of flow of pancreatic juice were similar in the turkey (0-55 mg/kg) and in the cat (0-72 mg/kg). The highest concentration of bicarbonate recorded in the turkey responses was 30 m-equiv/l. compared with 112 m-equiv/l. in the cat. 5. The dose of porcine secretin required for half maximal rate of flow in the bird (5-9 mug/kg) was 180 times higher than in the mammal (0 33 mug/kg). In the cat the duration of responses to porcine secretin was significantly greater than to the chicken extract. 6. It is concluded that in birds there is a factor with biological properties similar but not identical to those of porcine secretin, and that this factor may regulate pancreatic secretion by a mechanism resembling the secretin mechanism in mammals. PMID- 1133775 TI - Anomalous rectification in horizontal cells. AB - 1. The electrical properties of horizontal cells in the mudpuppy in light and dark were measured with a pair of micropipettes separated by about 1 mum with low coupling resistance so that no bridge circuitry was required. 2. All horizontal cells studied showed significant anomalous rectification: the current-voltage characteristic for about 60 per cent of the cells studied had a slope resistance of about 20-30 M omega at the dark potential level; the slope resistance increased by about 15% for each 10 mV depolarization and decreased by about 15% for each 10 mV hyperpolarization. The remaining 40% of the horizontal cells showed a higher input resistance at corresponding potential levels but had similar rectifying properties. 3. The increase in resistance with depolrization developed with a time course of about 1/2 sec when steady steps of outward current were passed across the membrane, but the time course for resistance decrease with hyperpolarization was much shorter for steady inward current steps. In about half the horizontal cells there was a transient decrease in resistance lasting about 100 msec immediately following the outward current steps superimposed upon the slower sustained resistance increase. 4. The normal 20-30 mV hyperpolarizing light response was associated with little or no change in input resistance. However, if the membrane potential was held at the dark potential level with extrinsic current, thereby eliminating the potential dependent resistance change, a light-elicited resistance increase of about 10 M omega was measured. 5. The time-dependent change in membrane resistance elicited by polarizing steps of current obscured the reversal potential for the response. However, when the reversal potential was measured at short times following polarization of the membrane, before the time-dependent resistance change developed, it was estimated at between +15 and +50 m V. 6. The results suggest that the horizontal cell response is mediated by a light-elicited resistance increase at the synaptic membrane which is obscured by a potential- and time dependent resistance decrease at another part of the membrane. PMID- 1133776 TI - Physiological properties of junctions between nerve and muscle developing during salamander limb regeneration. AB - 1. Physiological properties of developing nerve-muscle junctions were studied in regenerating limbs of adult salamanders. 2. During the period of synapse formation the muscle fibres had diameters of 4-10 mum, resting potentials of minus 90 to minus 100 mV and input resistances of 10-50 Momega. Some, but not all, pairs of adjacent muscle fibres were electrically coupled. 3. At the stage when muscle fibres could first be identified, some of them were not innervated, at least as determined by electrophysiological criteria. 4. During muscle innervation the neuromuscular synapses were encountered in several intermediate phases of maturity. (i) At the least mature junctions small spontaneous synaptic potentials occurred, but stimulation of the motor nerve trunk did not evoke synchronous transmitter release. (ii) At other junctions maximal nerve stimulation evoked only a single end-plate potential of low quantum content. (iii) More mature fibres received synaptic input from as many as four motor neurons, which could be distinguished by their discrete stimulus thresholds. 5. During this period of synapse development the fibres lacked an action potential but often showed a prolonged response to depolarization. 6. Fibres in normal adult muscles had from one to three synaptic inputs, were not electrically coupled, and responded to depolarization with an action potential. PMID- 1133777 TI - The effects of graded forelimb afferent volleys on acetylcholine release from cat sensorimotor cortex. AB - 1. The acetylcholine (ACh)-releasing system in the cerebral cortex of pentobarbital anaesthetized cats was investigated by examining the effect of graded afferent volleys in forelimb nerves on ACh release from the sensorimotor cortices contralateral and ipsilateral to the site of stimulation. 2. Cortical ACh release was determined by bio-assay of neostigmine-containing perfusates which had been in contact with the cortical surfaces for 5-10 min periods. 3. Afferent volleys, generated by stimuli that were effective in activating as many fibres of a fibre group as possible without stimulating fibres in the group with the next highest threshold for activation, were monitored from dorsal roots C7 or C8 before entering the spinal cord. 4. Stimulation of the deep (DR) and superficial (SR) radial nerves and the radial (R) nerve proximal to the junction of the DR and SR were effective in enhancing ACh release only when either group III or groups III and IV fibres were included in the afferent volley. 5. The rates of ACh release from the primary receiving area of the sensorimotor cortex contralateral to the site of stimulation did not differ from those from the same area of the ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex. 6. The pertinence of this data to the various hypotheses concerning the nature of the ACh-releasing pathways to the cerebral cortex is discussed. PMID- 1133778 TI - Effect of destruction of the posterior pituitary on the diuresis from left atrial receptors. AB - 1. In anaesthetized dogs, stimulation of atrial receptors after destruction of the pituitary gland results in a diuresis. This response was not abolished by the administration of bretylium tosylate and was also observed in a surgically denervated kidney. 2. The diuresis is qualitatively similar to that observed in anaesthetized dogs with intact pituitary glands. 3. It is concluded that the diuresis which results from stimulation of the left atrial receptors is mediated by a blood-borne agent which is not the antidiuretic hormone. PMID- 1133779 TI - Endocrine responses to insulin hypoglycaemia in the young calf. AB - 1. Variations in the output of glucocorticoids and catecholamines from the right adrenal gland, in response to insulin hypoglycaemia, have been investigated in calves 2-5 weeks after birth. These have been correlated with changes in the concentration of glucocorticoids and glucagon in arterial plasma. 2. Moderate hypoglycaemia for a limited period (0-1 u. insulin/kg), elicited a prompt increase in steroid output from the adrenal gland followed by a significant rise in plasma glucagon concentration. By comparison, changes in both catecholamine output and peripheral plasma glucocorticoid concentrations were found to be trivial in this group of animals. 3. Administration of a larger dose of insulin (0-5 u./kg) produced a more substantial fall in plasma glucose concentration followed by spontaneous recovery within 2-3 hr. This stimulus elicited the release of greater amounts of both cortisol and corticosterone, followed by a significant increase both in the output of adrenaline and in plasma glucagon concentration. Increase in steroid output was accompanied by an increase in adrenal blood flow and was associated with elevated concentrations of both steroids in arterial plasma. 4. The adrenal cortical response and associated changes in plasma steroid concentration were found to be transient even in response to persistent and intense hypoglycaemia (4 u. insulin/kg). The increase in plasma glucagon concentration in this group of animals was not significantly greater than that produced by smaller doses of insulin. However, substantial amounts of adrenaline (78 plus or minus 14 ng. kg-minus 1 min-minus 1; maximum; n equals 9) together with a little noradrenaline (10 plus or minus 3 ng.kg-minus 1 min-minus 1; maximum; n equals 9) were released from the right adrenal gland under these conditions. 5. Changes in adrenal blood flow could be related to adrenal glucocorticoid output in calves given 0-1 or 0-5 u. insulin/kg. In animals given the largest dose of insulin adrenal blood flow was found to increase coincidentally with rising steroid output but this hyperaemia then persisted after steroid output had subsided to values within the normal range. 6. Calves given the largest dose of insulin (4-0 u./kg) invariably collapsed and convulsed after 2-3 hr, but these symptoms could not be related to any particular endocrine response. No clinical signs of hypoglycaemia were observed in the other animals. 7. The results are discussed in relation to previous studies of adrenal function in this and other species. PMID- 1133780 TI - Release of catecholamines and dopamine beta-hydroxylase from the perfused adrenal gland of the cat. AB - 1. Secretion of catecholamines (CA) and dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) activity from the perfused cat adrenal gland was studied following splanchnic nerve stimulation or infusion of acetylcholine (ACh). 2. Splanchnic nerve stimulation (30 Hz) or perfusion with a low concentration of ACh (10-minus5 M) caused a marked release of CA in the venous effluent, but release of DBH activity was minimal while a higher concentration of ACh (10-minus 4 M) enhanced the release of CA and DBH. 3. The ratio of DBH/CA released in the perfusate by splanchnic nerve stimulation or ACh infusion was only a small fraction of the ratio in the soluble lysate of purified chromaffin vesicles. 4. Following reserpine treatment, adrenal CA levels fell to 25% of the control value in 24 hr, remained depressed on days 2, 3, 4 and 5 at 5% of the control and recovered to 60% of the control value on the 6th day. DBH activity was unchanged from the control value at 24 hr after treatment, then rose as high as 5 times the control on the 5th day and was still twice the control value on the 6th day. 5. CA secretion in response to ACh (10-minus 4 M) perfusion was reduced to 30% of the control value on the first day after reserpine treatment, while DBH secretion was unchanged. On the 2nd day, CA secretion was depressed further to 5% of the control and remained at this low level up to 5 days after treatment while DBH secretion was twice the control value at 48 hr and then on days 3, 4 and 5 rose up to 5 times the control value. On the 6th day, secretion of CA recovered to 30% of the control while DBH secretion was now twice the control. 6. Isopycnic sucrose density (discontinuous) gradient centrifugation of vesicles from adrenal glands of control cats, and of cats given reserpine 1 or 2 days perviously, indicated that new vesicles or vesicles depleted of CA by reserpine had a lower equilibrium density than the original population of vesicles. 7. These results suggest that the release of CA is quantal in nature, but the release of DBH is not necessarily coupled with it. Release of DBH by ACh from reserpinized glands suggests that the vesicles which were once involved in secretion may be re-used for synthesis and storage of CA. PMID- 1133781 TI - Ionic currents in the uterine smooth muscle. AB - 1. Short segments of isolated longitudinal myometrium from the pregnant rate uterus have been studied in a double sucrose-gap voltage-clamp arrangement. The clamped segment averaged 65 mum times 240 mum times 100 mum, has an average total capacitance of 0-14 muF, and may contain 50-200 individual myometrial cells. 2. A significant resistance exists in series with the membrane, and limits theprecision of the quantitative information. However, it is argued that some qualitative and some comparative information is useful. 3. In Krebs-bicarbonate solution, depolarizing steps produced initial transient inward currents followed by delayed outward currents. 4. When [Na+]o was reduced by 50%, the equilibrium potential Ea shifted by an average of -17-6 mV, the maximum inward current was reduced to 0-5, the time to peak of the early current was delayed by 1-1 msec, and the maximum chord conductances for the early(Ga) and late (GK) currents remained unchanged as compared with those in normal [Na+]o. 5. When [Ca2+] was reduced to 25% of normal, Ea shifted by an average of -20-3 mV, the maximum inward current was reduced to 0-5, the time to peak was delayed 3-1 msec, and Ga was significantly reduced, while GK was unaffected. 6. The early current, and its tail when repolarization was imposed, reversed direction from inward to outward when [Na+]o was reduced from 143 mM to zero, with [Ca2+]o remaining constant at 1 9 mM. 7. From the observations in 4, 5 and 6, it was concluded that Na+ is the main charge carrier for the early current, and that Ca2+ is important in regulating Ga. 8. The late current is outwards when [K+]o equals 5-9 mM, but inwards in some voltage range when [K+]o was elevated to 120 or 148 mM. K+ is the main charge carrier for the late current. 9. The equilibrium potential for the late current, EK, is about 15 mV more negative than the natural resting potential. 10. Prolonged holding of the preparations at voltages that differ significantly from the natural resting potential tends to shift EK in a way consistent with passive changes in [K+]i by the holding current. 11. The steady state inactivation of the early current, h, is unusual. Inward current is macimum around the resting potential, and declines with both hyperpolarizing and depolarizing changes. Half-inactivation occurred with about 9 mV depolarization and 15 mV hyperpolarization. 12. The instantaneous current-voltage relations of both early and late currents are linear. The chord conductances Ga and GKare similar in form to those in other tissues. PMID- 1133782 TI - An experimental method of identifying and quantifying the active transfer electrogenic component from the diffusive component during sugar absorption measured in vivo. AB - 1. The kinetics of absorption of glucose, galactose and alpha-methyl glucoside have been measured in rat jejunum in vivo using a chemical method and a new electrical technique. 2. Sugar absorption estimated by chemical methods exhibited two components. One component was phlorrhizin-sensitive, saturable and generated electrical potential differences (electrogenic active component) while the other was phlorrhizin-insensitive, non-saturable and did not generate electrical potentials (diffusive component). 3. The diffusive component of the actively transported sugars was indentical to the absorption behaviour of sorbose, a hexose that is not actively transferred. 4. A method for correcting the data obtained from chemical absorption studies for the diffusive component was developed. The corrected, operational kinetic constants for 'apparent Km' obtained by this method were not significantly different to values obtained electrically. The identity between the values obtained by both methods supports the concept that they represent a measure of the same rate-limiting step in the absorption process. 5. The application and significance of the techniques is discussed in relation to the clinical assessment of intestinal sugar absorption. PMID- 1133783 TI - Comparison of the hyperglycaemic effect of adrenaline and morphine introduced into the liquor space. AB - 1. In unanaesthetized cats a comparison is made of the hyperglycaemic effects of adrenaline and morphine, when injected or infused through chronically implanted cannulae, into different regions of the cerebral ventricles or of the subarachnoid space, in order to determine their sites of action. 2. On injection into the cerebral ventricles both adrenaline and morphine have to reach the subarachnoid space beneath the ventral surface of the brain stem before they can exert their hyperglycaemic effect. The adrenaline has to reach the region rostral to the pons, i.e. the fossa interpeduncularis, and the morphine the region caudal to the trapezoid bodies. These conclusions are based on the following findings. 3. When adrenaline (55 mug) and morphine (0-75mg) were infused into one or other of these two regions, adrenaline produced strong hyperglycaemia on infusion into the fossa interpeduncularis, but had scarcely any hyperglycaemic effect on infusion into the region caudal to the trapezoid bodies. The reverse result was obtained with morphine. 4. It is concluded that the adrenaline hyperglycaemia is mainly a peripheral effect. It occurs after the adrenaline has been absorbed into the blood stream from the fossa interpeduncularis but an additional central component, an action on brain stem structures reached from the fossa interpeduncularis, cannot be excluded. The morphine hyperglycaemia is a central effect due to an action on superficial structures of the ventral surface of the medulla oblongata, caudal to the trapezoid bodies. PMID- 1133784 TI - The effect of substances releasing intracellular calcium ions on sodium-dependent calcium efflux from guinea-pig auricles. AB - 1. 45-Ca efflux and resting tension were measured in isolated guinea-pig auricles under conditions known to change the intracellular free Ca ion concentration. 2. In the presence of [Na]o, caffeine (2mM) increases 45-Ca efflux, but does not produce a contracture, while in the absence of [Na]o and [Ca]o caffeine causes a contracture without increasing 45-Ca efflux. Adrenaline (10-minus5-10-minus 4M) with or without theophylline (0-5-1-0mM) has no effect on either 45-Ca efflux or resting tension. 3. In the presence of caffeine the rate of net efflux of Ca depends on [Na]o-2. Caffeine contractures of muscles in Na-free solution relax upon the addition of [Na]o. Relaxation is correlated with the increase in net efflux of Ca. 4. Cyanide (2mM) produces a variable increase in 45-Ca efflux without a concomitant contracture in Na-containing solutions, but in Na, Ca-free solutions a large contracture occurs without significant increase in 45-Ca efflux. 5. A large increase in 45-Ca efflux and a contracture were observed with the 'Ca-ionophore' X 537 A. 6. Changes in membrane potential (K-depolarization) in hypertonic solutions have no significant effect on Na-dependent 45-Ca efflux, which is an agreement with an electroneutral 2:1 Na-Ca exchange. 7. Cyanide and X 537 A both cause a considerable release of Ca ions from isolated guinea-pig heart mitochondria, while caffeine has no effect. 8. The results suggest a powerful role of the Na-Ca exchange system in reducing the intracellular Ca concentration after Ca release from intracellular stores. PMID- 1133785 TI - The functional status and columnar organization of single cells responding to cutaneous stimulation in neonatal rat somatosensory cortex S1. AB - 1. An investigation was carried out on single cells in 7 day old rat primary somatosensory cortex, which responded to cutaneous stimulation using mechanical pulses. 3 percent of cells encountered showed stable spontaneous activity, whereas 88 percent were silent in the absence of intentional stimulation. The remainder showed unstable spontaneous activity. In contrast, the great majority of adult cells were spontaneously active in the absence of stimulation, under similar conditions of urethane anaesthesia. 2. The distribution within cortical layers of cutaneously driven cells was similar in adult and 7 day old rats, and similar to that found in adult mammalian cortex by other workers. 3. 7 day old cells showed diminished excitability to cutaneous stimulation with stimuli at intervals below 10-15 sec, whereas adult cells could be successfully repetitively driven with stimuli at intervals of 500 msec. The low ability of the immature cells to follow repetitive cutaneous stimulation is not due to an overall depression of these cells excitability per se. Latencies of unitary responses in these immature cells were about sixfold those found in equivalent cells at maturity. 4. Columnar organization at seven days of age was similar in outline to that of the adult, but much less discrete. Receptive fields were considerably larger at 7 days and evidence is given that this may be due to inadequate surround inhibition. Immature vibrissae-driven units were directionally selective. 5. At 7 days of age, long inter-spike intervals were rare in spontaneously active cells with the result that inter-spike interval histogram distributions (i.h.s.) were approximately normal. Corresponding i.h.s. of adult cells invariably showed skew distributions. 6. Tactile stimulation of centre receptive fields produced an increase in short and long intervals from spontaneously active cells at each age. In contrast to adult cells, the immature cells commonly responded cyclically, with alternating phases of increased and decreased firing rate for periods of up to 3 sec following punctate stimulation. 7. Decrease in spontaneous firing rate, following the first phase of excitation, was profound in 7 day old cells, and implied that inhibitory mechanisms operate at an early age in the rat somatosensory system. These mechanisms also appear to contribute to cyclical activity of 7 day old cells when driven by punctate cutaneous stimulation. PMID- 1133786 TI - The requirements of the brain for some amino acids. AB - 1. A constant specific activity of radioactively labelled amino acids was maintained in the circulation by means of a new technique devised for this purpose. This has made it possible to measure accurately the entry rates of amino acids into the brain in vivo. 2. The rates of entry into the brain of seven nutritionally non-essential amino acids were measured. 3. Glycine and proline enter the brain relatively slowly, at rates comparable to those of amino acids which are not normally found in the blood. Thus their entry is due mainly if not entirely to passive diffusion. 4. Serine (which is used by the brain to make glycine) and alanine (which is used to make glutamate and aspartate) enter the brain as rapidly as the essential amino acids and thus, although not essential for the body as a whole, appear to be essential for the brain. 5. It is suggested that those amino acids that the brain is able to synthesize have low rates of entry, even though they are present at high concentrations in the plasma, but that the transport systems for those amino acids that are not synthesized in the brain ensure rapid entry at rates that are related to the rates of cerebral utilization. PMID- 1133787 TI - The relation between the surface electromyogram and muscular force. AB - 1. Motor units in the first dorsal interosseus muscle of normal human subjects were recorded by needle electrodes, together with the surface electromyogram (e.m.g.). The wave form contributed by each motor unit to the surface e.m.g. was determined by signal averaging. 2. The peak-to-peak amplitude of the wave form contributed to the surface e.m.g. by a motor unit increased approximately as the square root of the threshold force at which the unit was recruited. The peak-to peak duration of the wave form was independent of the threshold force. 3. Large and small motor units are uniformly distributed throughout this muscle, and the muscle fibres making up a motor unit may be widely dispersed. 4. The rectified surface e.m.g. was computed as a function of force, based on the sample of motor units recorded. The largest contribution of motor unit recruitment occurs at low force levels, while the contribution of increased firing rate becomes more important at higher force levels. 5. Possible bases for the common experimental observation that the mean rectified surface e.m.g. varies linearly with the force generated by a muscle are discussed. E.m.g. potentials and contractile responses may both sum non-linearly at moderate to high force levels, but in such a way that the rectified surface e.m.g. is still approximately linearly related to the force produced by the muscle. PMID- 1133788 TI - Binocular interaction in the cat's superior colliculus. AB - 1. Binocularly driven neurones with small receptive fields near the area centralis were recorded in the cat's superior colliculus. 2. Binocular interaction was tested by stimulating both eyes simultaneously with a single moving stimulus at various retinal disparities. 3. Collicular cells in general showed strong summation or even facilitation when the images of the stimulus were in exact correspondence on the receptive fields, sometimes with occlusion when they were out of register. The range of retinal disparity over which there was additive interaction could be as little as 1 or 2 deg, almost as narrow as for the most precisely tuned neurones in the visual cortex. Even cells with large receptive fields sometimes showed a narrow range of binocular interaction. 4. Non directional cells generally exhibited weaker summation and broader disparity selectivity than did direction-selective cells. 5. Some neurones with virtually no response to a stimulus in one of the eyes can exhibit marked binocular interaction. Other apparently monocular cells show little or no binocular interaction. 6. The disparity of the centres of the receptive fields was measured after correcting for small eye movements, which were assessed by two different techniques. For 132 cells the measured distribution of horizontal disparity (range 4.5 deg; S.D. 0.93 deg) was significantly broader than that of vertical disparity (range 2.2 deg; S.D. 0.52 deg). Sources of error in these measurements are considered. 7. The results are discussed in relation to the known connexions between visual cortex and superior colliculus and the possible role of the latter in the regulation of eye movements. PMID- 1133790 TI - Cones excite rods in the retina of the turtle. AB - The intracellular responses of rods in the retina of the turtle, Chelydra serpentina, were studied with brief flashes of monochromatic light. 1. Flashes of red or green light applied over an area 25 mum in diameter produce responses with the same shape. With such restricted stimuli, the spectral sensitivity of a rod agrees well with the absorption spectrum of the porphyropsin pigment contained in its outer segment. 2. With stimulating spots more than 500 mum in diameter, dim flashes of red or green light produce responses having different shapes. When the spectral sensitivity of a rod is tested using dim lights of large diameter, the sensitivity to red light is much greater than predicted by the absorption spectrum of porphyropsin. 3. The shape of the response produced by large diameter spots of dim, red light resembles that of cones. 4. Increasing the diameter of a dim, red spot beyond 500 mum markedly alters the amplitude and shape of responses from horizontal cells but does not significantly affect the response of rods. It is concluded that rods receive an excitation from neighbouring cones. This interaction is unlikely to be mediated by type I luminosity horizontal cells but may be mediated by either direct connexions between cones and rods or by an interneurone with a small receptive field. PMID- 1133789 TI - Rod-rod interaction in the retina of the turtle. AB - Intracellular responses were recorded from rods in isolated eye-cups of the snapping turtle, Chelydra serpentina. Responses to small and large diameter spots of 500 nm light were studied. 1. The peak amplitudes of responses smaller than approximately 2 mV were directly proportional to irradiance. Small spots (less than 100 mum diameter) produced approximately 30 muV/rhodopsin molecule bleached. Increasing stimulus diameter to 400-500 mum increased this five to seven times to about 200 muV/rhodopsin molecule bleached in the impaled receptor. The difference is attributed to a neural "enhancement" produced by stimulating neighbouring rods. 2. Enlarging the diameter of a spot altered the shape of responses produced by very dim lights. 3. The variance of responses to a small spot was only slightly less than the mean. The variance of responses to a large spot was much less than the mean. 4. Responses evoked by a small spot of dim light obeyed the superposition principle in that the response to a very dim step of light was the integral of the response of a very dim flash. Responses evoked by a large spot did not obey the superposition principle. The response to a step of dim light covering a spot of large diameter was less than predicted from the integral of the response to a flash. The difference is attributed to a neural "disenhancement" produced by stimulating neighbouring rods. 5. The time course of this disenhancement could be observed by presenting two large diameter, dim flashes within a short interval. The time course of disenhancement did not coincide with that of the voltage response but was delayed such that its maximum occurred after the peak amplitude. 6. Dim background lights of different diameter, which delivered the same quantity of light to the impaled cell but very different quantities of light to neighbouring cells, left the response produced by a small diameter test spot unaltered. It is concluded that rod-rod interaction can modify the intracellular responses of rods in two ways; it produces an early enhancement which increases response amplitude nearly tenfold and also a delayed disenhancement which replaces the wave of enhancement that follows a flash. PMID- 1133791 TI - Characteristics of renin release from isolated superfused glomeruli in vitro. AB - 1. A method is described for studying renin release from superfused rat glomeruli following their rapid isolation by a magnetic iron-oxide technique. 2. Microscopically selected glomeruli were free of tubular components. Some possessed vascular pole protrusions of up to 20 mum, unrelated to renin content. 3. Renin content of 102 batches, each of 400 glomeruli, was 1.34 plus or minus 0.08 times 10-4 Goldblatt hog units per 100 glomeruli (plus or minus S.E. of mean). Different osmolarities (305, 355 and 400 m-osmole/1.), sodium concentrations (110 and 135 mM) and buffer compositions of the preparation solution did not alter this value. Renin content per glomerulus in intact kidney was 100-fold higher. 4. At 30 degrees C the contained juxtaglomerular cells released renin at consistent but decreasing rates over 4-6 hr. Initial release rate in 110 mM sodium, 305 m-osmole/1. solutions were 0.86 plus or minus 0.068 times 10-6 units per 100 glomeruli per 30 min (plus or minus S.E. of mean, n = 42) or 0.546 plus or minus 0.046 percent of content per 30 min. In 135 mM sodium, 305 m-osmole/1. solutions, release was 2.4-fold higher (P less than 0.001) and remained elevated for at least 3 hr. When related to renin content per glomerulus resting release rate in vitro was higher by at most one order of magnitude than calculated in vivo values. 5. Release was augmented by gentle physical agitation of the glomeruli. 6. Release rate was inversely ralated to temperature. On reducing temperature from 30 degrees C, release increased 2.6-fold at 20 degrees C and 6.7-fold at 10 degrees C (P less than 0.001, n = 11). The response was reversible. 7. 3 mM sodium cyanide plus 3 mM sodium iodoacetate caused a variable release of renin associated with depletion of content within 4 hr. The response was progressive and reached a peak after 60 min. 8. Sensitivity of renin release to temperature and metabolic blockade indicates that energy is required for retention of renin by the cell. This, together with the release observed with increased sodium concentration at constant osmolarity, suggests a dependence of renin release upon the mechanism controlling the volume of the juxtaglomerular cell or its organelles. PMID- 1133792 TI - Effects of post-operative visual environments on reorganization of retinotectal projection in goldfish. AB - 1. Possible influence of different visual environments on the reorganization of retinotectal projection was studied with neurophysiological mapping methods following excision of the caudal half of the optic tectum in adult goldfish. 2. Post-operative light-deprivation showed no significant effects: in the absence of visual input, the visual projection from the whole retina because compressed on to the remaining rostral half-tectum in correct retinotopic order within 4 months, regardless of whether the contralateral optic nerve was left intact, or severed and then allowed to regenerate. 3. When the operated goldfish were continually exposed to visual stimuli without any dark period (post-operative dark-deprivation), two different results were observed: if the optic nerve was sectioned, in addition to excision of the caudal tectum, an orderly field compression was observed within 70 days in the re-established retinotectal projection; on the other hand, if the optic nerve was left intact, the dark deprived fish retained the original connexions between the remaining rostral half tectum and the temporal hemiretina without showing any sign of field compression for up to 253 days. 4. When the dark-deprived fish was then transferred into darkness, the suppressive effect disappeared: a compression of the retinotectal projection was induced within 2 or 3 weeks after the transfer. 5. Histological preparations of the fish brains showed consistent morphologic changes in the laminar structure of the remaining half-tectum. The stratum opticum and the stratum fibrosum et griseum superficiale merged together to form a new layer which contained an intricate network of thick fibre bundles. PMID- 1133794 TI - Multiple trauma: the wind of change. PMID- 1133793 TI - The relationship between kallikrein and water excretion and the conditional relationship between kallikrein and sodium excretion. AB - 1. The renal kallikrein-kinin system has previously been linked with renal control of sodium and water excretion. The present investigations were carried out to examine more closely these relationships. 2. In physiological studies with rabbits, urinary kallikrein was measured by a modification of the [3-H]TAME method. 3. With rabbits on free sodium and water intake, urinary kallikrein was positively correlated with both sodium and water excretion. Kallikrein excretion was also negatively correlated with urinary osmolality. 4. In rabbits on chronic high and low sodium diets, urinary kallikrein was positively correlated with urinary volume but not with sodium excretion. 5. In rabbits held to a constant fluid intake but with sodium intake changed, urinary kallikrein was not correlated with sodium excretion. 6. These results indicate that the positive correlation of kallikrein excretion with sodium excretion under conditions of free sodium and water intake may be only secondary to the positive relationship of kallikrein excretion with urinary volume. 7. The results of the present investigations do not support the hypothesis that the renal kallikrein-kinin system is necessarily involved in renal control of sodium excretion under normal conditions but it is where a change in sodium intake leads to a change in fluid intake and consequently of urinary volume. 8. In the above experiments, urinary kallikrein was always positively correlated with urinary volume and negatively correlated with urinary osmolality. This may indicate a functional relationship between renal kallikrein and water excretion. PMID- 1133795 TI - Controversial aspects of abdominal trauma. PMID- 1133796 TI - A surgeon's appraisal of cholecystitis. PMID- 1133797 TI - Intravascular changes in lung vessels in experimental fat embolism. PMID- 1133798 TI - Long-term follow-up of operations for varicose veins. A prospective study. PMID- 1133799 TI - Villous papilloma of the rectum with hypokalaemia. PMID- 1133800 TI - Extravasation of intravenous fluids in serous cavities. A complication of venous cannulation. PMID- 1133801 TI - The bladder and diseases of the nervous system. PMID- 1133802 TI - Comparative study on the effect of RES-stimulating and blockading agents on the immunological response after irradiation. PMID- 1133803 TI - Kinetics of endogenous CFU-s in mice receiving divided-dose irradiation. PMID- 1133804 TI - Recent improvements in methods for concentrating and analyzing radiocesium in sea water. PMID- 1133805 TI - The pathology of planning. AB - A study of morbidity on a new housing estate reveals a higher prevalence rate of both physical and mental illness. Much of this is due to physical factors associated with the estate which could have been avoided in the light of previous experience had more attention been given to detail. The proposals embodied in the management arrangements for the reorganised National Health Service should provide the machinery to prevent these faults recurring. PMID- 1133806 TI - Diagnostic procedures and the general practitioner. PMID- 1133807 TI - Three years' experience of electrocardiography in a general practice. AB - Electrocardiography has a useful place in general-practice cardiology:(1) by bringing to light unexpected findings thereby altering the diagnostic spectrum and, in some cases at least, management.(2) by acting as a monitor in the continuing management of patients suffering from some forms of cardiovascular disease, and, in particular, from essential hypertension.In 1970 the purchase of a ;Cambridge Transrite' 4-2 battery two-speed electrocardiograph made it possible to test the value of this working tool in a practice population of about 5,300 patients. Before this, members of the medical staff of the Department who needed electrocardiograms for any of their patients made the appointments with the Cardiology Department, The Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, or, later, with the nearby Family Doctor Centre of the Scottish Home and Health Department. PMID- 1133808 TI - Patient-doctor seminars. AB - Two Birmingham general practitioners held a series of informal seminars with groups of their patients and an account of the object, method and scope of these sessions is given in the belief that they are of significance for a better understanding of health and the community's responsibility for it. PMID- 1133809 TI - Frequent attendance in a family practice. PMID- 1133810 TI - Application of regression analysis to the hypoglycemic activities of a series of substituted benzenesulfonamidopyrimidines. AB - Quantitative structure-activity relationship studies have been performed on two types of sulfonamides with hypoglycemic activity. In the case of the 2 benzenesulfonamidopyrimidines, substituted in the 5 position of the pyrimidine ring a correlation between hydrophobic forces, expressed as Rm values, and the binding to serum albumin as well as to the heights of the equipotent dose has been found. In the series of 2-benzenesulfonamidopyrimidines additionally substituted in the 4 position of the benzene ring, however, a correlation between electronic parameters, expressed as the chemical shift of the anilide NH-(type IIA) and benzylamide NH-(type IIb) protons and the biological response was observed. This correlation indicated a charge-controlled second fixation of these molecules to the receptor. This is supported by the observation of stereospecificity of the blood-glucose lowering effect and also by the importance of a constant distance between the nitrogen in the side chain and the nitrogen atom in the sulfonamido group. The correlation between the logarithm of the biological response and the electric effects of the substituents is linear as long as one homologous series is considered. If the anilide and benzylamide derivatives are combined, a linear correlation can only be obtained if a dummy parameter is included which may account for differences in conformation within these two series of compounds. PMID- 1133811 TI - Homologous N-alkylnorketobemidones. Correlation of receptor binding with analgesic potency. AB - For a homologous series of N-alkylnorketobemidones a statistically significant correlation was found between the relative abilities to bind mouse brain homogenate in vitro and their in vivo mouse hot-plate analgesic potencies. The correlation between in vitro binding in the presence of 100 mM sodium and analgesic potency was not as good AS THAT as that found in the absence of sodium. A statistically significant correlatin was found between thir analgesic potencies and their abilities to antogonize electrically induced contractions of the guinea pig ileum. PMID- 1133812 TI - Hypocholesteremic derivatives of styrylacetic acid. 1. gem-Dimethyl analogs of benzalbutyric acid. AB - The preparation of alpha, alpha-dimethyl analogs of the hypocholesteremic and hypolipemic agent 3-methyl-4-phenyl-3-butenoic acid (beta-benzalbutyric acid, BBA) is described. These compounds were prepared as part of a continuing program directed toward a study of the structure-activity interrelationships of styryl- and phenoxyacetic acid antilipemic agents and the preparation of metabolically resistant analogs of BBA. Preliminary results on the in vitro ability of the compounds to inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis indicate that alpha, alpha-dimethyl substitution reduces activity although the potency of the p-chloro analog 6b was comparable to that of BBA. PMID- 1133813 TI - Antiviral quinolinehydrazones. A modified Free-Wilson analysis. AB - Eighty-four 4-quinolinehydrazones were synthesized and tested for antiviral activity. Thirty nine derivatives were active against influenza A2 and/or Coxsackie B1 in mice at a dose of 25 mg/kg sc. Structure-activity relationships of 44 derivatives (21 inactive) were analyzed qualitatively using a modified Free Wilson approach. PMID- 1133814 TI - Preparation and anticoagulant activity of trimethylsilyl heparin in Carbowax. AB - Trimethylsilyl heparin, when administered intraduodenally or intragastrically to rats, did not increase intestinal absorption and, consequently, the clotting times were not influenced. However, suspension of sodium heparin in Carbowax 200 prolonged the whole blood clotting time at a dose of 50 mg/kg when given intraduodenally or intragastrically to rats. PMID- 1133815 TI - Narcotic antagonists. 4. Carbon-6 derivatives of N-substituted noroxymorphones as narcotic antagonists. AB - A series of new narcotic antagonists has been synthesized by modifying the C-6 carbonyl group in naloxone (Ia) and naltrexone (Ib). New functional units were introduced by reaction with various phosphorus and sulfur ylides and alkyllithium reagents. The activity of the new compounds were measured by the hot-plate and tail-clip tests after oral administration to mice. The majority of the new narcotic antagonists exhibited oral potencies considerably superior to the parent compounds, with 6-methylene derivatives IIa and IIb showing the most impressive increases. PMID- 1133816 TI - Synthesis of a new metabolite of acetylmethadol. AB - The primary amine metabolites of alpha-(plus or minus)- alpha-(minus) acetylmethadol were synthesized. A neutral permanganate oxidation of noracetylmethadol gave a nitroalkane. This unusual oxidation product was readily converted to the primary amine metabolite of acetylmethadol. PMID- 1133817 TI - Synthesis of 15-keto-6beta, 7beta-methyleneprogesterone. Effect of the 6beta, 7beta-methylene group on mineralocorticoid activity. AB - 15-Ketoprogesterone is as active as spironolactone in blocking the mineralocorticoid effect of deoxycorticosterone acetate. This activity is reduced when a methylene group is attached to the 6beta, 7beta position. The title compound was prepared from 15alpha-acetoxy-6-dehydroprogesterone. Methylenation of the delta6 double bond with dimethyloxosulfonium methylide proceeds steroselectively from the beta side of the molecule. PMID- 1133818 TI - Fibrin-stabilizing factor inhibitors. 12. 5-Dibenzylaminopentylamine and related compounds, a new type of FSF inhibitors. AB - A series of omegadibenzylaminoalkylamines and related compounds have been prepared and tested as inhibitors of fibrin cross-linking. This structural type was chosen in an attempt to develop noncompetitive inhibitors of fibrinoligase. By the combination of the dibenzylamino moiety at one end and the primary amino group at the other end of a polymethylene chain, the same compound could function both as a pseudo donor substrate and as a noncompetitive alkylating inhibitor. Some of the compounds, notably 74-79, are among the most active fibrinoligase inhibitors described. However, the data indicate that the compounds probably function only as pseudo donor inhibitors. PMID- 1133819 TI - [1-Beta-mercapto-beta,beta-pentamethylenepropionic acid]oxytocin, a potent inhibitor of oxytocin. AB - [1-Beta-mercapto-beta,beta-pentamethylenepropionic acid]oxytocin was prepared from beta-Mpa(beta-(CH2)5)(Bzl)-Tyr(Bzl)-Ile-Gln-Asn-Cys(Bzl)-Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2 by removal of the Bzl-protecting groups with Na-NH3 followed by cyclization of the resulting disulfhydryl compound with K3Fe(CN)6.The analog was purified by desalting on Sephadex G-15 in 50% HOAc and gel filtration on Sephadex G-25 and LH 20. The protected intermediate above was synthesized from Z-Cys(Bzl)-Pro-Leu-Gly NH2 by the stepwose p-nitrophenyl ester method using Nalpha-Boc protection at the penta-, hexa-, and octapeptide stages. The analog was found to be a potent inhibitor of the oxytocic and avian vasodepressor effects of oxytocin (pA2 values of 7.43 and 8.30, respectively) but was only a weak inhibitor of the rat pressor effect of 8-lysine-vasopressin. The rat antipressor potency of [1 deaminopenicillamine]oxytocin was also determined in this study: pA2 = 6.27. Of the alkyl-substituted 1-position analogs of oxytocin studied so far, [1-beta mercapto-beta,beta-pentamethylenepropionic acid]oxytocin is the most potent antioxytocic agent. PMID- 1133820 TI - Synthesis of isosteres of p-amidinophenylpyruvic acid. Inhibitors of trypsin thrombin, and pancreatic kallikrein. AB - A series of amino acids, amidino acids, and amidino esters was synthesized and the compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against bovine trypsin, bovine thrombin, and porcine pancreatic kallikrein and as anticoagulants. Among these compounds, ethyl 4-amidino-2-iodophenoxyacetate was found to be the most effective inhibitor of the enzymes in question, with a potency (Ki = 3.16 x 10-6 M vs. trypsin; Ki = 4.8 x 10-5 M vs. thrombin) similar to that of p-amidinophenylpyruvic acid (Ki = 6.0 x 10-6 M vs. trypsin; Ki = 2.0 x 10-5 M vs. thrombin). Ethyl 4-amidino-2-iodophenoxyacetate was also found to be the most effective in blocking the clotting activity of plasma, as indicated by significant prolongation of the partial thromboplastin time. This paper reports the synthetic methods, the enzyme inhibitory activity, and the structure-activity relationships observed. PMID- 1133821 TI - Potential inhibitors of S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferases. 3. Modifications of the sugar portion of S-adenosylhomocysteine. AB - Structural analogs of S-ADENOSYL-L-HONOCYSTEINE (L-SAG), WITH MODIFICATION IN THE RIBCOSE PORTION OF THE MOLECULE, HAVE BEEN SYNTHESIZED AND THEIR ABILITIES TO INHIBIT CATECHOL O-METHYLTRANSFERECE(COMT), phenylethanolamine N-methltransferase (PNMT) histamine N-methyltransferase (HMT),and hydroxyindole o-methytransferase (HIOMT) have been investigated. From these studies it was concluded that, in general, the 2'-hydroxyl and 3'-hydroxyl groups of the ribcose moiety of SAH play crucial roles in the binding of this molecule to most methyltransferases. However several interesting exceptions to this strict structural specificity have been observed. While S-3'-DEOXY-ADENOSYL-L-HOMOCYSTEINE PRODUCED NO INHIBITION OF HMT and HIOMT, it produced strong inhibition of the transmethylation catalyzed by PNMT and COMT. Likewise, S-2'-DEOXYADENOSYL-L-HOMOCYSTEINE AND S-5'-(9 (arabinofuranosyl)adenyl)-l-homocysteine had little or no effect of COMT, HMT, and HIOMT but were potent inhibtors of PNMT. The significance of these data relative to the nature of the SAH binding sites and the potential inhibitors of PNMT. The significance of these data relative to the nature of the SAH binding sites and the potential for in vivo differential inhibition of methyltransferases will be discussed. PMID- 1133822 TI - Norepinephrine N-methyltransferase inhibition by benzamidines, phenylacetamidines, benzylguanidines, and phenylethylguanidines. AB - Norepinephrine N-methyltransferase (NMT) from rabbit adrenal glands was inhibited by benzylamine and phenethylamine analogs in which the nitrogen was replaced by an amidino or guanidino group. Mono and dichloro derivatives of benzamidines, phenylacetamidines, benzylguanidines, and phenethylguanidines were studied. The two most potent NMT inhibitors among the compounds examined were 2,3 dichlorobenzamidine and 3,4-dichlorophenylacetamidine, with pI50 values of 5.55 and 5.36, respectively. These inhibitors were reversible and were competitive with norepinephrine as the variable substrate. They inhibited NMT from human, rat, and bovine adrenal glands but were slightly less effective against those enzymes than against the rabbit adrenal enzyme. In exercised rats, 2, 3 dichlorobenzamidine had no significant effect on adrenal catecholamine levels. 3,4-Dichlorophenylacetamidine slightly reduced epinephrine levels in the adrenal glands of exercised rats, but the effect may have been due to release rather than inhibition of synthesis, since heart norepinephrine levels were also reduced significantly by that agent (which is from a chemical series known to release catecholamines). Thus, whereas these compounds are reasonably potent inhibitors of NMT in vitro, they apparently are not effective in blocking enzyme activity in vivo. PMID- 1133823 TI - Structure and stereochemistry of some 1,2-disubstituted mitosenes from solvolysis of mitomycin C and mitomycin A. AB - Starting with mitomycin C (1), a number of solvolytic reactions were investigated and were found to result in opening of the aziridine ring with loss or migration of the 9a-methoxy group. A careful examination of the resulting 1,2-disubstituted 7-aminomitosenes indicated that there was a strong tendency for the azridine ring on opening to furnish mainly one stereoisomer, always with the oxygen stom at C-1 and the nitrogen atom at C-2. Thus the hydrolysis of 1withdition to small amounts of the trans-aminohydrin (10). Mitomycin A (2) BEHAVED ANALOGOUSLY. Both 1 and 2 generated a cis-1-acetoxy-2-acetamide when they were allowed to react with acetic anhydride. Acetolysis of mitomycin C was found to give the cis-1-hydroxy-2 acetamide (5), the trans-1-acetoxy-2-amine (14), and a cis-trans mixture of 1 acetoxy-2-acetamides (4 and 11, respectively). Routes to cis-1-methoxy-2 acetamide (9) were possible through the methanolysis of 1 or through the methylation of 5. For comparison, the trans-1-methoxy-2-acetamide (16) was obtained through a dnown resin-catalyzed methoxy migration from C-9A TO C-1 IN MITOMYCIN C. The use of 1-H nmr spectroscopy to asign configurations to 1,2 disubstituted mitosenes is discussed. PMID- 1133824 TI - 3-Substituted 2',3'-dihydroestra-1,3,5(10)-trieno (16alpha, 17alpha-b)furan 17beta-ols as potential estrogens. AB - The preparation, characterization, and estrogenic activity of the two new steroids 3-(cylopentyloxy)-2',3'-dihydroestra-1,3,5(10)-trieno(16alpha,17alpha b)furan-17beta-ol and 2',3'-dihydroestra-1,3,5(10)-trieno(16alpha,17alphs-b)furan 3,17beta-diol are described. The compounds were found to be 0.1 and 0.002 respectively, as potnet as estrone in a test design to measure the uterine weight gain of treated immature mice relative to controls. PMID- 1133825 TI - Hypotensive activity of 3-alkyl-2-imminobenzothiazolines. PMID- 1133826 TI - Minority student success and failure with the National Intern and Resident Matching Program. AB - Doubts have been raised concerning the success of minority students in obtaining the more desirable teaching hospital internships in the United States. Earlier reports by others indicated that minority graduates may be anywhere from 41 percent to 70 percent successful in obtaining their first, second, or third choice of internship through the National Intern and Resident Matching Program. Ninety percent of those in the sample reported here were successful. At least one minority applicant was a successful intern candidate in 79 out of the 103 institutions where internships had been most sought after by this group. Possible reasons for these different findings are not adequately explained because of a lack of comparable data on minority and nonminority pools; further sample studies are required to establish the actual facts. PMID- 1133827 TI - Medical education for women: how good an investment? AB - Reluctance to train women for medical careers has been justified by the failure of women to use their education. Using data from studies of physician practice patterns and of educational costs, this article presents a preliminary estimate of the "loss" of investment involved in educating women for medicine. Women physicians are estimated to practice an average of two-fifths fewer hours over their lifetimes than do men, with a consequent loss of educational investment of about $55,000. Suggestions are made for reducing this loss. The finding of some loss of investment should not be used as an argument for discriminatory treatment of women seeking a medical education, as the rights of women as individuals must be recognized. PMID- 1133828 TI - Specialty preferences of physicians and medical students. AB - In 1970 approximately 81 percent of the nation's physicians were in specialty practice, and by 1990 this figure is projected to rise to 94 percent. A phenomenon of this magnitude clearly warrants intensive study. In this inquiry preference ratings for 40 specialties were obtained from 140 male and 20 female physicians and from 71 male and 18 female third-year medical students. Although significant differences were noted, there was a common hierarchy of preference observable in all four groups. For example, family and internal medicine were rated high by all four groups, whereas neurological and colon-rectal surgery were rated low; Males, and particularly male physicians, gave significantly higher ratings to surgical specialties, whereas females expressed stronger preferences for obstetrics and gynecology. Students gave lower ratings than physicians to surgical and eye, ear, nose, and throat specialties. PMID- 1133829 TI - An inventory of biostatistics teaching in American and Canadian Medical Schools. AB - During the academic year 1969-70 a detailed inventory was conducted of biostatistics teaching in American and Canadian medical schools. Approximately two-thirds of schools required a separate, distinct biostatistics course. This report describes these courses, their content, and the characteristics of the individuals who taught the courses and their perception of the medical student's reaction to biostatistics. A more recent survey covering the academic year 1973 74 revealed that the situation had not changed; slightly more than two-thirds of respondents indicated that exposure to biostatistics was required in their schools' curricula. PMID- 1133830 TI - Reducing emotional distance: a new method to teach interviewing skills. AB - Following an extensive review of the literature on the teaching of interviewing to medical students and psychiatry residents, the authors conclude that too much teaching emphasis has been given to the content of the interview and not enough to the process of the interview. A new method to teach interviewing skills to residents in psychiatry is described. The method focuses entirely on the interpersonal aspects of the interview. Within a seminar format, each resident attempts to reduce the "emotional distance" between himself and a patient. Much consideration is given to the individual emotional style of the resident. Through practice with this method and with peer and staff feedback, each resident who was studied improved in this ability, gained much affectual information from the patient, and learned many of the subtle aspects of process that are necessary for good interviewing and good psychotherapy. PMID- 1133831 TI - Determinants of the choice of rural practice: a study of Yugoslav general practitioners. AB - A questionnaire study of Yugoslav general practitioners was undertaken to document reasons for the unpopularity of rural practice and to characterize better the GPs who do choose rural practice. Responses indicated that rural GPs were significantly more overworked, had less opportunity for continuing education, had poorer medical facilities, and had less adequate schools for their children than urban GPs. On the other hand, rural work was felt to be more interesting and to provide closer contact with patients. GPs who were happy in rural practice were more likely to have urban backgrounds, to have planned to be rural physicians before entering medical school, and to have undergone GP specialization training than were other GPs in the sample. Relative importances attributed to the various practice location determinants are noted. Possible applications of the study in alleviating rural doctor shortages are discussed. PMID- 1133832 TI - Will physicians of the future be able to prescribe exercise? PMID- 1133833 TI - Faculty and students as admissions interviewers: results of a questionnaire given to applicants. PMID- 1133834 TI - The effect on medical students of memorizing a physical examination routine. PMID- 1133835 TI - A clinical course on death and dying for medical students. PMID- 1133836 TI - Implementing personal development in a medical clerkship program: an evaluation. PMID- 1133837 TI - The use of psychological models in medical education. PMID- 1133838 TI - Editorial: Shortcuts are not necessarily bad. PMID- 1133839 TI - National Intern and Resident Matching Program. AB - In summary, there are several changes influencing the NIRMP. The changes noted are: (a) the number of graduates from foreign medical colleges has been increasing rapidly since 1970 and now represents 21 percent of the applicants; (b) the proportion of U.S. medical school graduates in the program has decreased to a low of 84 percent; (c) there is a better balance of numbers between the positions available and matched in 1975. PMID- 1133840 TI - Letter: Helping FMG's. PMID- 1133841 TI - Letter: The annual meeting. PMID- 1133842 TI - Letter: Health care and minorities. PMID- 1133843 TI - Letter: An oncology fellowship. PMID- 1133844 TI - Hormonal status of breast cancer. II. Abnormal urinary steroid excretion. AB - The urinary excretion of 14 neutral steroids was measured by gas-liquid chromatography in women with early and advanced breast cancer, in women with early uterine cancer, and in healthy women from urban and rural districts. The premenopausal patients with early breast cancer excreted subnormal amounts of five steroids (11-hydroxyandrosterone, 11-hydroxyetiocholanolone, pregnanediol, pregnanetriol, and tetrahydrocorticosterone) and increased amounts of tetrahydrocortisol as compared with the normal subjects of corresponding ages. From our findings, a new parameter was proposed by which a premenopausal breast cancer patient was separated from the control. Postmenopausal breast-cancer patients excreted greater amounts of five steroids (one steroid from 17 ketosteroids and four from 17-hydroxycorticoids) than the corresponding controls. The discrepancy between premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer was tentatively related to ovarian-adrenal dysfunction in the course of aging. Oophorectomy induced a long-lasting tumor regression only in patients with a high value for the ratio of 11-deoxy-17-ketosteroid to 17-hydroxycorticosteroid in urine taken before surgery; the ratio in the responsive patients decreased remarkably after surgery. A constitutional change in 17-ketosteroids, as observed in a postmenopausal breast-cancer patient and a premenopausal healthy woman of urban origin, favored the geographic importance in the genesis of breast malignancy. The steroid abnormalities in uterine cancer were distinguishable from those of breast cancer in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women. PMID- 1133845 TI - Prolonged survival in bronchogenic carcinoma associated with HL-A antigens W-19 and HL-A5: a preliminary report. AB - The HL-A antigens were determined retrospectively in a group of 14 surgically cured bronchogenic carcinoma patients and prospectively in another group of 100 untreated patients. In the retrospective group, the frequencies of antigens W-19 and HL-A5 were significantly increased when compared with the noncancer control and the prospective lung cancer populations. In the latter group, 60% of the patients with W-19 and 58% with HL-A5 survived without evidence of tumor for at least 1 year after treatment compared with 15% of patients with neither of these antigens, P less than 0.01 and 0.005, respectively. These comparisons were for adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma. The patient groups for oat cell and undifferentiated carcinoma were too small for valid statistical comparisons. This preliminary study suggests that the presence of HL-A antigens W-19 and HL-A5 confers resistance to dissemination of bronchogenic carcinoma. PMID- 1133847 TI - Lymphocyte blastogenesis induced by potassium chloride extracts of allogeneic breast carcinoma and lymphoid cells. AB - Lymphocytes from cancer patients and normal individuals demonstrated blastogenesis with allogeneic potassium chloride (3 M KCl) extracts of breast carcinoma cells. Normal individuals reacted with a greater frequency and stronger blastogenic responses to tumor extracts than did breast carcinoma patients; allogeneic extracts may have elicited recognition of normal alloantigens rather than tumor-associated antigens. Normal individuals also responded to 3 M KCl extracts of allogeneic pooled normal leukocytes, normal breast tissue, and other cancers, but did not react to extracts of autologous leukocytes. PMID- 1133846 TI - Cytotoxicity of carcinogenic aromatic amides in normal and xeroderma pigmentosum fibroblasts with different DNA repair capabilities. AB - The effect of exposure to UV irradiation or to the N-acetoxy-ester derivatives of four carcinogenic aromatic amides, 4-acetylaminobiphenyl (AABP), 2 acetylaminofluorene (AAF), 2-acetylaminophenanthrene, and 4-acetylaminostilbene, on cell survival was compared in strains of cultured human fibroblasts possessing normal rates of excision repair of DNA and in three strains of xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) cells, each differing in its rate of excision repair. The survival of each strain after exposure to UV reflected its capacity to repair DNA. Thus the slope of the survival curve for the XP strain with the poorest capacity for excision repair (XP12BE complementation group A) was 5.8-fold steeper than the exponential portion of the curve for the normally repairing strains; that of XP2BE (complementation group C) was 1.95-fold; and that of XP4BE (a variant capable of a normal rate of dimer excision) was only 1.3-fold steeper. The slope of the survival curves after exposure to each N-acetoxy ester derivative for these same XP strains averaged 6.4, 2.0, and 1.4 times steeper, respectively, than that of the normal strains tested. The excision repair capacity of these lines after exposure to N-acetoxy-AAF (50 muM/ml) was tested with alkaline cesium chloride density gradient centrifugation to detect incorporation of tritiated thymidine into nonreplicated DNA. The normal strains and XP4BE exhibited DNA excision repair by this method, whereas XP patients 2 and 12 did not. The cytotoxic effect of the four parent aromatic amide carcinogens, their N-hydroxy derivatives, as well as the N-acetoxy ester of each of the four N hydroxy compounds and the N-sulfate ester of N-hydroxy-AAF and N-hydroxy-AABP in the XP2BE strain, was compared with their effect on the normal fibroblasts. The parent amides proved to be noncytotoxic at all doses tested. In contrast, the N hydroxy derivatives of each aromatic amide were highly cytotoxic, as were the ester compounds. For each active derivative, the slope of the survival curve for XP2BE was 2-2.k times steeper than that of the normally repairing strain. PMID- 1133848 TI - Naturally occurring human antibody to neuraminidase-treated human lymphocytes. Antibody levels in normal subjects, cancer patients, and subjects with immunodeficiency. AB - Antineuraminidase-treated lymphocyte antibody levels in normal individuals were compared to levels in patients with newly diagnosed malignancies, patients with immunodeficiency syndromes (some of whom subsequently developed cancer), and normal and affected members of multiple malignancy families. No correlation between antibody level and the presence of malignancy was found. In normal individuals, antibody levels were high in childhood and declined with advancing age in accord with behavior of other natural antibodies. PMID- 1133849 TI - Epithelial blood group antigens in colon polyps. I. Morphologic distribution and relationship to differentiation. AB - The distribution patterns of epithelial blood group AB antigens (BG) in colon polyps of varying degrees of differentiation were studied by the mixed cell agglutination reaction. BG appeared in colon polyps if a certain degree of dedifferentiation was present. Two different distribution patterns were recognized: 1) association of BG with the secretory part of goblet cells with slight-to-moderate atypia and 2) association of BG with the whole cells in cases of pronounced dedifferentiation and loss of secretory activity. The second type resembled the distribution pattern of BG found previously in colon carcinomas. With respect to BG, the mucosa of colon polyps behaved similarly to embryonal colon mucosa. The detection of BG represents a useful method to assess objectively the degree of dedifferentiation in most colon polyps. PMID- 1133850 TI - Morphologic and microspectrophotometric studies on spontaneous melanomas in Xiphophorus helleri. AB - Melanomas developed in both sexes of a strain of Tuxedo variety of the swordtail (Xiphophorus helleri) at a relative frequency of 10-15%. They did not metastasize. However, the tumor margin had infiltratitive growth and subsequently ulcerated. This feature, together with the histologic and cytologic features and apparent heteroploidy of the tumors, as revealed by their DNA content, indicated that the tumors were indeed neoplastic. Electron microscopic findings on the melanosomes in these melanomas at various stages of development were comparable with those on the Harding-Passey mouse melanoma, which contains granular premelanosomes. PMID- 1133851 TI - Genetics of susceptibility to plasmacytoma induction. I. BALB/cAnN (C), C57BL/6N (B6), C57BL/Ka (BK), (C times B6)F1, (C times BK)F1, and C times B recombinant inbred strains. AB - Plasmacytomas were found in 58% of 373 BALB/cAnN (C) mice given three 0.5-ml doses of mineral oil (Bayol F or light mineral oil) or 2,6,10,14 tetramethylpentadecane (pristane) ip. The incidence of plasmacytomas in C57BL/6N (B6), C57BL/Ka (BK), (C times B6)F1 and (C times BK)F1 was 6.4, 0, 11.5, and 16.5%, respectively. The plasmacytomas occurred in old B6 mice, in contrast to their early appearance in strain C mice. The incidence of plasmacytomas in mineral oil-treated or pristane-treated C times B recombinant-inbred (Rl) strain mice was 28.3% in C times BD, 17.5% IN C times BE, 36.5% IN C times BG, 0% in C times BH, 2.9% in C times Bl, 48% in C times BJ, and 4.3% in C times BK. C times BD, C times BG, and C times BJ strains were considered susceptible to plascytoma induction by mineral oil or pristane; C times BE had a low susceptibility, and C times BH, C times Bl, and C times BK were resistant. The results suggested that there were only a few gene difference between C and B6 or BK that determined susceptibility or resistance to plasmacytoma induction, and that B6 and BK have at least one dominant resistance gene. The distribution pattern of susceptibility and resistance in the C times B Rl strains suggested the presence of a resistance gene on chromosome 9, linkage group II. PMID- 1133852 TI - Incidence of spontaneous neoplasms in F344 rats throughout the natural life-span. AB - The age-related incidence of spontaneously occurring neoplasms and degenerative diseases in the F344 inbred rat strain was established from the histologic examination of tissues from 160 male and 192 female rats kept throughout their natural life-span. The most common neoplasms were leukemias (25%), mammary tumors (females, 40.6%; males, 23.1%), pituitary adenomas (females, 35.9%; males, 23.8%), and testicular interstitial cell tumors (males, 85%). Various less common neoplasms were observed: thyroid interstitial cell tumors, adrenocortical adenomas, carcinomas of the genitourinary tract, representative central nervous system tumors, pheochromocytomas, and tumors of mesodermal origin including mesotheliomas, myoblastomas, fibromas, and fibrosarcomas. Multiple tumor types were found in 176 of the rats; metastatic tumors were uncommon. Degenerative diseases including myocardial degeneration and nephrosis were often observed. The incidence rate of these neoplasms and degenerative diseases generally increased with advancing age of the animals. PMID- 1133853 TI - Increased tumor metastasis after in vitro alteration of the cell surface. AB - A strain-specific transplantable melanoma (S-91) growing progressively in DBA/1 mice and metastasizing selectively to the lungs was maintained for 16 days in organ culture before being grafted to syngeneic (DBA/1) and allogeneic (BALB/c and C57BL/6) recipients. The cultured S-91 grew progressively in the syngeneic mice and to a moderate degree in the allogeneic strains; it showed an increased tendency to metastasize in both the DBA/1 and C57BL/6 recipients. Heterophilic cytoagglutination assays of cultured S-91 were less apt to aggregate in the presence of concanavalin A than were their noncultured counterparts, which suggested alteration of the plasma membrane. Organ culture explantation appeared to alter phenotypically the cell-surface membrane and thus increase the cell's ability to metastasize while possibly reducing the immunogenicity of the cultured tumor cells. PMID- 1133854 TI - A white blood cell RNase assay for the possible monitoring of malignancy. AB - The RNase activity observed in the sera of leukemic guinea pigs was compared to that observed in white blood cell (WBC) lysates of the same animals. The WBC associated RNase activity directed against polyuridylic acid decreased with the progression of neoplastic disease, though serum RNase activity remained unchanged. With certain forms of cancer, therefore, variations in cell RNase may be more sensitive markers than changes in serum RNase for the evaluation of the progression or regression of disease. PMID- 1133855 TI - Antitumor action of vitamin A in mice inoculated with adenocarcinoma cells. AB - Vitamin A palmitate was incorporated into a laboratory chow (150,000 IU/kg diet) and fed ad libitum to C3H/HeJ female mice inoculated with 1 times 10-6 C3HBA tumor cells, beginning the day of inoculation. Control female mice of the same strain similarly inoculated were fed the laboratory chow alone. Vitamin A did not affect rate for the first 19 days, after which growth rates were independent of treatment. Vitamin A-treated mice survived for significantly longer times than did control mice. PMID- 1133856 TI - Letter: Bovine viruses and bacteriophages. PMID- 1133857 TI - Lung cancer among black and white migrants in the U.S. PMID- 1133858 TI - Acupuncture analgesia for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgias: a series of forty-one cases. PMID- 1133859 TI - Chronic ectopic pregnancy. PMID- 1133860 TI - Pseudodefect in 99m-Tc sulfur colloid liver scan caused by hepatodiaphragmatic interposition. PMID- 1133861 TI - Divorce among educated black women. PMID- 1133862 TI - Campylobacter fetus infection in humans. Analysis of three cases. PMID- 1133863 TI - Hyperparathyroidism in Black patients. PMID- 1133864 TI - Penetrating wounds of the chest. PMID- 1133865 TI - Penetrating wounds of the abdomen. PMID- 1133866 TI - A case study of institutional racism. PMID- 1133867 TI - The ghetto: an extreme sleep environment. PMID- 1133869 TI - At least token reparations. PMID- 1133868 TI - Improving mental health services to low income blacks. PMID- 1133870 TI - Editorial: Opportunities in pediatrics in the U.S.A. PMID- 1133872 TI - Macy Foundation study--"minority groups for medicine". PMID- 1133871 TI - Body dimensions and proportions of white and negro children in the united states. PMID- 1133873 TI - Lifelong differences in hemoglobin levels between Blacks and Whites. PMID- 1133874 TI - Atypical congenital absence of the uterus. Possible aetiological factors and clinical significance. PMID- 1133875 TI - Electron microscope study of spermiogenesis in Locusta migratoria (Insect Orthoptera). PMID- 1133876 TI - Development of bacteriophage F1 in Clostridium sporogenes: characterization of RNA transcripts. AB - RNA transcription was investigated during the development of F1 phage, which is specific for the strict anaerobe Clostridium sporogenes. RNA species transcribed during F1 phage infection were characterized with respect to time of appearance and molecular weight by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Ten mRNA species were characterized, of which five were produced early in infection and five were synthesized late in infection. All the above 10 species were transcribed from one strand of F1DNA, the heavy strand. Two additional mRNA species were transcribed from the light strand of F1 phage DNA later in infection. Throughout the F1 phage infective cycle, rRNA was continuously synthesized by cells of C. sporogenes. PMID- 1133877 TI - Intermediate in adenovirus type 2 replication. AB - Replicating chromosomes, called intermediate DNA, have been extracted from the adenovirus replication complex. Compared to mature molecules, intermediate DNA had a greater buoyant density in CsCl gradients and ethidium bromide-cesium chloride gradients. Digestion of intermediate DNA with S1 endonuclease, but not with RNase, abolished the difference in densities. These properties suggest that replicating molecules contain extensive regions of parental single strands. Although intermediate DNA sedimented faster than marker viral DNA in neutral sucrose gradients, single strands longer than unit length could not be detected after alkaline denaturation. Integral size classes of nascent chains in intermediate DNA suggest a relationship between units of replication and the nucleoprotein structure of the virus chromosome. Adenovirus DNA was replicated at a rate of 0.7 x 10-6 daltons/min. Although newly synthesized molecules had the same sedimentation coefficient and buoyant density as mature chromosomes, they still contained single-strand interruptions. Complete joining of daughter strands required an additional 15 to 20 min. PMID- 1133878 TI - Inhibition of host protein synthesis by vaccinia virus: fate of cell mRNA and synthesis of small poly (A)-rich polyribonucleotides in the presence of actinomycin D. AB - Purified vaccinia virus rapidly inhibited HeLa cell protein synthesis in the presence of actinomycin D. Under these conditions host polyribosomes were extensively degraded but the mRNA was stable as indicated by a greater than 90% recovery of prelabeled polyadenylylated RNA. Although actinomycin D prevented the synthesis of host mRNA and poly(A) in uninfected cells, incorporation of adenosine into poly(A) was inhibited by less than 50% in infected cells. Further analysis indicated that there was little or no normal size viral mRNA but that a unique class of small poly(A)-rich RNA was made in the presence of actinomycin D. From measurements of the RNase resistance and base composition of the RNA, approximately 40% of the nucleotide sequence was estimated to be poly(A). The poly(A)-rich RNA was found associated with small polyribosomes and monoribosomes that were inactive in protein synthesis. It was suggested that the poly(A) segment of the RNA is formed by the poly(A) polymerase previously found in vaccinia virus cores and that the inactive RNA, by competing with host mRNA, may contribute to the virus-mediated inhibition of host protein synthesis observed in the presence of actinomycin D. PMID- 1133880 TI - Research and the quest for clean water. PMID- 1133879 TI - Role of gene 2 in bacteriophage T7 DNA synthesis. AB - Studies have been carried out to elucidate the in vivo function of gene 2 in T7 DNA synthesis. In gene 2-infected cells the rate of incorporation of (3 H)thymidine into acid-insoluble material is about 60% that of cells infected with T7 wild type. Gene 2 mutants do not however produce viable phage after infection of the nonpermissive host. In T7 wild type-infected cells, a major portion of the newly alkaline sucrose gradients. The concatemers serve as precursors for the formation of mature T7 DNA as demonstrated in pulse-chase experiments. In similar studies carried out with gene 2-infected cells, concatemers are not detected when the intracellular DNA is analyzed at several different times during the infection process. The DNA made during a gene 2 infection is present as duplex structures with a sedimentation rate close to mature T7 DNA. PMID- 1133881 TI - Control of odors at an acitivated sludge plant. PMID- 1133882 TI - Heavy metal removal by acclimated activated sludge. PMID- 1133883 TI - Phosphorus release during storage of aerobically digested sludge. PMID- 1133884 TI - Mercury monitoring technique using an organic substrate. PMID- 1133885 TI - [Clinical evaluation of antistin in the treatment of arrhythmia]. PMID- 1133886 TI - [Electrocardiographic diagnosis of myocardial infarct. Analysis of 102 cases on the basis of autopsy and postmortem coronary arteriography]. PMID- 1133887 TI - [Cardiac dynamics in patients with viral hepatitis in loading tests]. PMID- 1133888 TI - [Focal block of right bundle branch in sportsmen]. PMID- 1133889 TI - [Radioelectrocardiographic control of ambulatory rehabilitation exercises in patients with pasy myocardial infarct]. PMID- 1133890 TI - [Arterial blood pressure and urinary catecholamine excretion in acute myocardial infarct in patients with and without arterial hypertension]. PMID- 1133892 TI - [Uremic pericarditis and pleuritis]. PMID- 1133891 TI - [Urinary excretion of catecholamines and their metabolites in patients with essential hypertension]. PMID- 1133893 TI - [Origin of 2 great arteries from the right ventricle with hemodynamically inadequate ventricular septal defect]. PMID- 1133894 TI - [Irreversible cardiogenic shock in a patient with implanted pacemaker following on oral dose of oxprenolol (Coretal-Polfa)]. PMID- 1133895 TI - [Glucagon in circulatory failure of coronary origin refractory to digitalis treatment]. PMID- 1133896 TI - [Familial occurrence of atrioventricular block and supraventricular arrhythmia]. PMID- 1133897 TI - Role of parathyroid hormone in the phosphaturia of extracellular fluid volume expansion. AB - Role of parathyroid hormone in the phosphaturia of extracellular fluid volume expansion. Acute expansion of the extracellular fluid volume increases the urinary excretion of phosphate. The present study examined the importance of increased plasma parathyroid hormone concentration in the phosphaturia accompanying acute extracellular fluid volume expansion (ECVE). Infusion of a calcium-free Ringer's solution into dogs was associated with increased urinary phosphateexcretion and serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone concentration (iPTH), the latter being significantly correlated with a decrease in plasma ionized calcium concentration. Prevention of the fall in plasma ionized calcium concentration by infusion of a calcium containing Ringer's solution prevented the increase in serum iPTH but the magnitude of the phosphaturia was not affected. PMID- 1133898 TI - Reaction constants of renin in juxtaglomerular apparatus and plasma renin activity after renal ischemia and hemorrhage. AB - Reaction constants of renin in juxtaglomerular apparatus and plasma renin activity after renal ischemia and hemorrhage. During and after total renal ischemia and acute hemorrhage, renin activity in plasma (PRA) and microdissected juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) of rabbits were investigated. In controls, the apparent Michaelis-Mentoen constant (MMC) of semipurified standard renin of rabbits was 1025 plus or minus 223 SD ng/ml. Plasma renin of normal rabbits showed similar values: 1062 plus or minus 138 SD ng/ml. Intrarenal JGA renin, however, showed a great scatter of MMC (920 to 4760 ng/ml) and a significantly higher mean value of 2572 plus or minus 1156 SD ng/ml (pis less than 0.001). After complete renal ischemia by clamping both renal arteries for a 90-min period, the following results wereobtained: 1) Sixty min after the beginning of ischemia, PRA decreased from 20.9 plus or minus 9.8 SD to 7.6 plus or minus 5.2 SD ng/ml-hr (P is less than 0.05) and increased to 103, 68 and 42 ng/ml-hr 10, 30 and 90 min after removal of the clamps, respectively (P is less than 0.05). PMID- 1133899 TI - [Making prognosis in oncology]. PMID- 1133900 TI - [Endoscopic Wirsung's cholangiography in diagnosis of diseases of the pancreas and bile ducts]. PMID- 1133901 TI - [Thermography in acute pancreatitis]. PMID- 1133902 TI - [Blood supply of the pancreas in children]. PMID- 1133903 TI - [Surgical treatment of occlusive diseases of the deep veins of the lower limbs and pelvis]. PMID- 1133904 TI - [Certain problems of clinical course and diagnosis of renal dystopy]. PMID- 1133905 TI - [Combined fractures of the pelvis and other skeletal segments]. PMID- 1133906 TI - [Indications for cryodestruction of cancer of the rectum]. PMID- 1133907 TI - [Problems of treatment of suppurative wounds]. PMID- 1133908 TI - [Use of ozocerite applications in suppurative wounds]. PMID- 1133909 TI - [Use of neotizol in the out-patient practice]. PMID- 1133910 TI - [Evaluation of the effectiveness of intra arterial infusion of drugs in thrombo obliterative diseases of the arteries of the limbs]. PMID- 1133911 TI - [Treatment of acute thrombosis and embolism of the arteries of the limbs]. PMID- 1133912 TI - [Diagnosis and surigcal treatment of abnormally developed right subclavian artery (seu a. lusoria)]. PMID- 1133913 TI - [Use of iophendylate for direct lymphography]. PMID- 1133914 TI - [Selection of materials used for alloplasty of the trachea]. PMID- 1133915 TI - [Anesthesia in surgery of elderly patients]. PMID- 1133916 TI - [Subcutaneous rupture of the duodenum in a 10-year-old child]. PMID- 1133917 TI - [Characteristics of the breathing properties of blood in patients at early periods after herniotomy]. PMID- 1133918 TI - [Ureterocystoanastomosis in ectopia of the orifice of the double ureter in girls]. PMID- 1133919 TI - [Dermoid cysts of the sacro-coccygeal region and buttocks]. PMID- 1133920 TI - [Radical treatment of epithelial coccygeal cysts]. PMID- 1133922 TI - [Modification of Deschamp's ligature needle]. PMID- 1133921 TI - [Role of color lymphography in increasing the incidence of radical surgical interventions in rectal cancer]. PMID- 1133923 TI - [Errors and hazards of surgery of varicose veins of the lower limbs]. PMID- 1133924 TI - [Thromboembolic complications after surgery of abdominal hernias]. PMID- 1133925 TI - [Rare complication after tracheostomy]. PMID- 1133926 TI - [Blood and plasma loss after pneumonectomy]. PMID- 1133927 TI - [Treatment of pelvic fractures and fractures-dislocations of Malgaigne's type by skeletal traction by the pelvis]. PMID- 1133928 TI - [Thromboembolectomy of the upper mesenteric artery]. PMID- 1133929 TI - [Injury of the ascending aorta with cardiac tamponade]. PMID- 1133930 TI - [Endobronchial teratoma]. PMID- 1133931 TI - [Traumatic diaphragmatic hernias in children]. PMID- 1133932 TI - [Thymectomy in children]. PMID- 1133933 TI - [Treatment of patients with mitral valve stenosis complicated by thromboembolism of arteries of the limbs]. PMID- 1133934 TI - [Cervical rib as a cause of embolism of arteries of the upper limbs]. PMID- 1133935 TI - [X-ray diagnosis of injuries of the arterial intima]. PMID- 1133936 TI - [Arterial rupture during embolectomy with the balloon catheters]. PMID- 1133937 TI - [Reconstructive surgery in occlusive diseases of the arteries of the pelvis and limbs]. PMID- 1133938 TI - [Venous system of the limbs in arterial occlusive diseases]. PMID- 1133939 TI - [Clinical course and surgical treatment of aneurysm of the popliteal artery]. PMID- 1133940 TI - [Use of ultrasonic therapy in endarteritis obliterans]. PMID- 1133941 TI - [Thromboembolism of the mesenteric vessles]. PMID- 1133942 TI - [Sclerosing treatment of varicose veins of the lower limbs]. PMID- 1133943 TI - [Results of treatment of chronic venous insufficiency of the lower limbs]. PMID- 1133944 TI - [Treatment of isolated varicose dilatation of the small subcutaneous vein]. PMID- 1133945 TI - [Hemodynamic and histochemical changes in the lower limbs in thrombo-obliterating diseases]. PMID- 1133946 TI - [Results of autovenous plastic surgery of blood vessels of the pelvis and lower limbs]. PMID- 1133947 TI - [Treatment of pain syndrome in obliterating diseases of the limbs by subcutaneous injection of nitrous oxide]. PMID- 1133948 TI - [Surgical methods in diagnosis of lung cancer and mediastinal diseases]. PMID- 1133949 TI - [Rethoracotomy in surgery of the lungs and mediastinum]. PMID- 1133950 TI - [Surgical interventions in hemorrhage complicating purulent lung diseases]. PMID- 1133951 TI - [Closed and semiclosed lung echinococcectomy]. PMID- 1133952 TI - [Additional methods of examination in tumors and cysts of the mediastinum]. PMID- 1133953 TI - [Ways of spreading of cancer metastases from the broncho-pulmonary lymph nodes]. PMID- 1133954 TI - [Diagnosis and treatment of nephrogenic hypertension]. PMID- 1133955 TI - [Contemporary problems of pharmacology in blood vessels of the eye]. PMID- 1133956 TI - [Value of fluorescein angiography in the detection of pathological changes in the eye fundus in diseases of the vascular system]. PMID- 1133957 TI - [Capillary perfusion in the superior rectus muscle. A study with the use of radioactive Xe-133]. PMID- 1133958 TI - [Effect of hemodynamic disorders caused by acceleration on the distribution of J 125 albumin in the eye of experimental animals]. PMID- 1133959 TI - [Quantitative changes in the central visual field and the sensitivity of the macula in patients with arteriosclerosis and hypertension measured by Friedmann's analyzer]. PMID- 1133960 TI - [Vascular system of the eye and cerebral circulation]. PMID- 1133962 TI - [Ocular changes observed in cerebral aneurysm]. PMID- 1133961 TI - [Fistulae of the cavernous sinus. Simulation of primary eyeball or orbital diseases. An analysis of clinical and radiologic traits in 22 cases]. PMID- 1133963 TI - [Changes in the fundus oculi due to stasis in the course of cerebral pseudotumors]. PMID- 1133964 TI - [Papilledema in the course of epidural hematoma]. PMID- 1133965 TI - [Oculosphymographical examinations following ligation of common carotid artery]. PMID- 1133966 TI - [Effect of surgical procedures on the thoracic sector of the sympathetic system on the visual system]. PMID- 1133967 TI - [Case of Wyburn-Mason syndrome]. PMID- 1133968 TI - [Damage to the vascular eye system of infants in the course of general infection]. PMID- 1133969 TI - [Anomalies of small retinal vessels in the fluorescence angiography picture]. PMID- 1133970 TI - [Fluorescence angiography in diagnosis of clinically doubtful cases]. PMID- 1133971 TI - [Evaluation of filters for fluorescence angiography]. PMID- 1133972 TI - [Electrophysiological tests in central retinal vein thrombosis]. PMID- 1133973 TI - [Ophthalmophlebotherapy in circulatory insufficiency of the optic disk]. PMID- 1133975 TI - [Surgical treatment of Conn's syndrome]. PMID- 1133974 TI - [Choroidal circulation in clinical practice]. PMID- 1133976 TI - [X-ray signs of acromegaly]. PMID- 1133977 TI - [Mills' ascending hemiplegia]. PMID- 1133978 TI - [Porphyrin metabolism in the early diagnosis of lead poisoning]. PMID- 1133979 TI - [Gastromucoproteins of the stomach following resection and their alteration under the effect of treatment of Dzhermuk Health Resort]. PMID- 1133980 TI - [Case of a benign tumor of the trachea]. PMID- 1133981 TI - [Unilateral progessive facial atrophy]. PMID- 1133982 TI - [Clinical aspects of Sheehan's syndrome]. PMID- 1133983 TI - [Coughing-syncopal syndrome]. PMID- 1133984 TI - [Case of postcardiotomy syndrome]. PMID- 1133985 TI - [Severe hemorrhaic syndrome in rifadin treatment]. PMID- 1133986 TI - [Generalized reaction to penicillin]. PMID- 1133987 TI - [Side effects of the drug therapy of leukemia]. PMID- 1133988 TI - [Deontological aspects of the Scientific and technical progress in medicine]. PMID- 1133989 TI - [Letter to the editor]. PMID- 1133990 TI - [Side effects of drug preparations]. PMID- 1133991 TI - [Adaptation and sysadaptation from the position of the pathologist]. PMID- 1133992 TI - [Results of the clinical study of a preparation of diiodobenzotef in malignant tumors]. PMID- 1133993 TI - [Selective angiography in the diagnosis of stomach cancer and in the evaluation of polychemotherapy]. PMID- 1133994 TI - [Experience in using gastroscopy and needle biopsy in the polyclinic]. PMID- 1133995 TI - [Work prognosis after stomach resection for cancer]. PMID- 1133996 TI - [Diagnosis and errors in the recognition of malignant tumors of the small intestine]. PMID- 1133997 TI - [Psychotherapy of myocardial infarct patients]. PMID- 1133998 TI - [Evaluation of clinical and x-ray radiological studies in vasorenal arterial hypertension]. PMID- 1133999 TI - [Treatment of women suffering from climacteric cardiopathy]. PMID- 1134000 TI - [Retrospective evaluation of the results of thoracoplasty]. PMID- 1134001 TI - [Dfferential diagnosis of the mediastinal-pulmonary and pulmonary stages of sarcoidosis and hematogenous disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis]. PMID- 1134002 TI - [Spectral analysis of the most important ascultatory signs]. PMID- 1134003 TI - [Treatment of suppurative lung diseases by infusion of antibiotics into the brochial arteries]. PMID- 1134004 TI - [Pancreatogenic exudative pleurisy]. PMID- 1134005 TI - [Defects of interatrial septum in 2 members of a family]. PMID- 1134006 TI - [Eosinophilic cardiopathy]. PMID- 1134007 TI - [Tietze's syndrome]. PMID- 1134008 TI - [Goodpasture's syndrome]. PMID- 1134009 TI - [Evaluation of the d-xylose test]. PMID- 1134010 TI - [Mondor's disease]. PMID- 1134011 TI - [Pharmacotherapeutic effectiveness of diphenin]. PMID- 1134012 TI - [New methodological instructions for grouping of contingents of patients treated at the antituberculosis dispensaries]. PMID- 1134013 TI - [Heart sounds]. PMID- 1134014 TI - [Endocrine cells of the gastrointestinal tract in the normal and pathological state]. PMID- 1134015 TI - [Genealogical method in clinical diagnosis of internal diseases]. PMID- 1134016 TI - [Antibiotics and stimulation of immunobiological reactivity in internal diseases]. PMID- 1134017 TI - [Familial amyloidosis]. PMID- 1134019 TI - [Study of the morphology of chronic gastritis]. PMID- 1134018 TI - [Obesity as the prediabetic condition]. PMID- 1134020 TI - [Serotonin content of blood and gastric juice and serotoninpexic capacity of blood serum in patients with ulcer diseases]. PMID- 1134021 TI - [Differential diagnosis of salmonellosis and intestinal obstruction]. PMID- 1134022 TI - [Disorder of lipid metabolism in patients with chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis]. PMID- 1134023 TI - [Clinical significance of dysproteinemia in certain liver diseases]. PMID- 1134024 TI - [Clinico-biochemical and morphological comparisons in persons with long-term SH antigenemia after acute viral hepatitis]. PMID- 1134026 TI - [New method of palpation of the pancreas and its importance for diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis]. PMID- 1134025 TI - [Bile acid content of bile in patients with chronic cholecystitis]. PMID- 1134027 TI - [Effect of potassium orotate on the contractile function of the myocardium in patients with coronary aterosclerosis]. PMID- 1134028 TI - [Use of amitriptyline for the treatment of mental disorders in patients with myocardial infarct]. PMID- 1134029 TI - [Function of external respiration in breathing air and pure oxygen in patients with chronic suppurative diseases and lung cancer]. PMID- 1134030 TI - [Evaluation of the level of 2,3- diphosphoglyceric acid in diagnosis of acute postoperative respiratory insufficiency]. PMID- 1134031 TI - Parabiosis in Nya:NYLAR mice. AB - Mice from our Nya:NYLAR colony were parabiosed using the skin-to-skin or coelomic method, and more than 150 such pairs survived for periods greater than 1 mo. The oldest pair at this writing survived for 27 mo after parabiosis, which is equivalent to the normal life span of the Nya:NYLAR mouse. No evidence of parabiotic intoxication in any pair, even those kept for several mo, was noted. PMID- 1134032 TI - Lesions of experimental cysticercosis in domestic rabbits. AB - Rabbits were orally infected with Taenia pisiformis eggs and then serially killed. The development and regression of focal granulomatous lesions in the liver were observed, and these lesions were considered to be identical with the lesions in the naturally occurring disease. Focal granulomatous lesions containing onchospheres were also observed in the lungs, mesentery, and mesenteric lymph node. Thrombosis was present in some pulmonary arteries, and infarction of the lung was observed in 1 rabbit. PMID- 1134033 TI - Cage activity in the laboratory beagle: a preliminary study to evaluate a method of comparing cage size to physical activity. AB - The use of time-lapse and normal speed photography as a tool in evaluating the effect of cage size on physical activity in the beagle dog was examined. Normal speed motion pictures also served to demonstrate the degree of physical activity possible within specific sized cages, and the effect of changes in external activity on the dogs' activity within the cage. Viewing of these films showed that specific activity measurements can be made, providing a feasible scientific method for evaluating cage activity in a wide range of cage sizes. Physiological data collected over the course of this experiment from dogs housed in 2 different sized cages failed to show a cause-and-effect relationship. PMID- 1134034 TI - Indirect blood pressure measurement in the dog. AB - The validity of the ultrasonic Doppler technic for indirectly measuring arterial blood pressure over a wide range was tested in anesthetized dogs. Correlation coefficents of 0.99 and 0.97 for systolic and diastolic pressure were verified on the basis of 316 comparisons of direct and indirect measurements. Utility of the method for detecting hypotensive, normotensive, and hypertensive arterial blood pressures was demonstrated. Potential applications of the method by life scientists and veterinarians includes routine monitoring of anesthesia, characterization of disease, and documentation of pharmacologic states. PMID- 1134035 TI - Physical changes in banked baboon blood. AB - Studies of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelet function, and clotting factors were performed on banked baboon blood. It was found to be a suitable model for the study of micro-aggregate formation and other coagulation abnormalities encountered in storage of human blood. PMID- 1134036 TI - Runyon group III atypical mycobacteria as a cause of tuberculosis in a rhesus monkey. AB - Bilateral draining fistulas which communicated with the cheek pouches were noted in the threat region of an adult femal Macaca mulatta receiving isoniazid for tuberculosis prophylaxis. Necrospy findings included enlargedregional lymph nodes and ulceration of cheek pouch mucous membranes. Acid-fast bacilli were demonstrated in tissue section. Cultures of the regional lymph nodes and cheek pouch mucous membrane yielded Runyon Group III mycobacteria. Intrapalpebral tuberculin tests with homologous mycobacterial antigen (Battery strain PPD) and Kochs Old Tuberculin were performed in an unsuccessful attempt to identify additional infected monkeys. This case is considered significant because of the unusual manifestation of mycobacterial disease and its occurrence in an animal receiving isoniazid at levels considered sufficient for the prevention of tuberculosis. PMID- 1134037 TI - Comparative studies of blood from hibernating and nonhibernating European hamsters (Cricetus cricetus L). AB - The blood of 6 male and 6 female European hamsters (Cricetus cricetus L) was examined in summer, in winter before hibernation, and 1 da after awaking from hibernation. Blood was drawn from a sublingual vein under ether anesthesia in nonhibernating animals. No influence of hibernation upon the number of erythrocytes and the differentials was found, whereas the number of thrombocytes and leukocytes were reduced to a minimum. From the unchanged numbers of thrombocytes and leukocytes in nonhibernating animals during winter, the influence on the blood of a seasonal cycle independent of hiberation was excluded. PMID- 1134038 TI - Guinea pig percutaneous femoral blood sampling technic using a new restraining device. AB - A new method was described for repetitive blood sampling of guinea pigs via percutaneous puncture of the femoral vessels. Either manual immobilization of the animal or a specially designed restraining board was used. This method did not endanger the animal and required neither anesthesia, surgical skill, nor special equipment. PMID- 1134040 TI - The application of a frequency oscillation method for tooth extraction in dogs. AB - A tooth-grasping forceps with a gas-driven oscillating headpiece was designed for dental extractions in the dog, Compared with the conventional method, the extraction time was shortened considerably, and preliminary results indicate it may cause less trauma to alveolar bone and periodontal ligament. PMID- 1134039 TI - Treatment of Hymenolepis nana in hamsters with Yomesan (niclosamide) AB - Ground feed containing 0.33% active niclosamide fed ad libitum to hamsters for a period of 7 da eliminated Hymenolepis nana from all animals tested. Six- to 8-wk old hamsters fed at 3 and 10 times the therapeutic dose were not adversely affected. PMID- 1134041 TI - A spontaneous neuropathy of free-ranging Japanese macaques. AB - Thirteen cases of a spontaneous neuropathy were observed among 150 free-ranging Japanese snow monkeys (Macaca fuscata). Necropsy of 4 individuals revealed lesions in the peripheral and central nervous systems. Pathologic changes were associated with ingestion of coyotillo berries (Karwinskia humboldtiana). PMID- 1134043 TI - An evaluation of the hemalog. PMID- 1134042 TI - Renal agenesis in guinea pig and oppossum. AB - Complete absence of kidneys was observed in 3 neonatal guinea pigs which died 2-3 da after birth. Congestion of intestines and other organs was also observed. Renal agencies in the guinea pigs appeared to be of rare occurrence. Agenesis of right kidney was observed in 2 of over 500 opossums examined. Both opossums were males, and the corresponding ureters were smaller in diameter than the contralateral ureters. The left kidney was enlarged as a result of compensatory hypertrophy. The lumina of right ureters were found to be obliterated on microscopic examination. PMID- 1134044 TI - Improved temperature control of a technicon continuous digestor. PMID- 1134045 TI - Vessel for the rapid extraction of plasma proteins. PMID- 1134046 TI - Mini--neuston sampler suitable for collection of floating oil at sea. PMID- 1134047 TI - A simple macrotome. PMID- 1134048 TI - Automated dissolution test for tablets and capsules. PMID- 1134049 TI - Semi-automatic device for inoculation of small insects with viruses. PMID- 1134050 TI - Production and use of disposable haemagglutination plates for routine serology. PMID- 1134051 TI - A review of current laboratory instrumentation: problems, trends and new developments. PMID- 1134052 TI - Developments in laboratory techniques. PMID- 1134053 TI - Practical system for steam-formaldehyde sterilizing. PMID- 1134054 TI - Method for determining the infectivity of metacercariae of Fasciola hepatica. PMID- 1134055 TI - Screening technique for the presence of lead and cadmium in solid samples by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. PMID- 1134056 TI - Nutritional evaluation of kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris): the isolation and partial characterisation of toxic constituents. PMID- 1134057 TI - Some simple methods for the purification of pectic enzymes from Aspergillus usamii. PMID- 1134058 TI - Seasonal English market variations in the composition of South African and Israeli avocados. PMID- 1134059 TI - A seaweed residue unsuitable as a major source of energy or nitrogen for growing pigs. PMID- 1134060 TI - Microbiological screening of food preservatives, cold sterilants and specific antimicrobial agents as potential silage additives. PMID- 1134061 TI - Comparison of a new amylase found in barley with the amylases of the fungi of barley husk. PMID- 1134062 TI - A rapid turbidimetric method for the determination of the precipitation curves of carrageenans. PMID- 1134063 TI - Changes in carbohydrates and amino acids during baking of Vicia faba. PMID- 1134064 TI - Nutritive value of raw potato for pigs. PMID- 1134065 TI - Nutritive value of cooked potato flakes for the young chick. PMID- 1134066 TI - Photosensitivity from chlorophyll-derived pigments. PMID- 1134067 TI - Variable effects on egg yolks and yolk lipoprotein fractions of feeding methyl sterculate to hens: periodic changes in lipid composition and gelation temperature. PMID- 1134068 TI - The nutritive value of porcine blood plasma concentrates prepared by ultrafiltration and spray drying. PMID- 1134069 TI - Lipid composition of five species of Indian prawns. PMID- 1134070 TI - Concentrations of some sulphonates derived from sulphite in certain foods and preliminary studies on the nature of other sulphite derived products. PMID- 1134072 TI - A surveillance system to prevent kernicterus in Singapore infants. PMID- 1134071 TI - Wheat flour proteins: the selectivity of solvents and the stability of gliadin and glutenin fractions of stored flours. PMID- 1134073 TI - A survey of microcephaly in Singapore children. PMID- 1134074 TI - Antibiotic misuse in paediatric practice. PMID- 1134075 TI - Covert bacteriuria in school children. A pilot study. PMID- 1134076 TI - Chronic granulomatous disease of childhood. Four case reports and review of literature. PMID- 1134077 TI - Psychological development of infants and children and their practical importance in Singapore. PMID- 1134078 TI - Hypophosphatasia. A case report. PMID- 1134079 TI - Neonatal thyrotoxicosis. PMID- 1134080 TI - Intravenous vasopressin in patients with portal hypertension: advantages of continuous infusion. PMID- 1134081 TI - Effect of glucagon and insulin on the growth of cells in vitro. PMID- 1134082 TI - Significance of severity of coronary arterial stenosis: metabolic studies and correlation with hyperemic response. PMID- 1134083 TI - The effects of experimental hypercholesterolemia on transposed arterial and venous autografts. PMID- 1134084 TI - Circulatory effects of propranolol and cardiopulmonary bypass. PMID- 1134085 TI - Quantitative assessment of late fibrosis after reversible myocardial anoxia. PMID- 1134086 TI - The value of partial H-2 matching in reducing the magnitude of allograft rejection. PMID- 1134087 TI - Presidential address. Youth. PMID- 1134088 TI - An etiologic basis for fatty liver after jejunoileal bypass. PMID- 1134089 TI - Specific immunoprotection with 3 M KCl solubilized tumor antigen. PMID- 1134090 TI - Carcinoma of the bladder: treatment by radical cystectomy. PMID- 1134091 TI - The study of oliguric and polyuric acute renal failure. PMID- 1134092 TI - Cardiovascular changes after bilateral nephrectomy. PMID- 1134093 TI - Exchange transfusion for Reye's syndrome. PMID- 1134094 TI - Influence of age and sex on the metabolism of oestrogens in mouse liver: in vitro perfusion of radioactive oestrone and oestradiol-17beta. PMID- 1134095 TI - Radioimmunoassay of progesterone: comparison of (1,2,6,7-3-H4)-progesterone and progesterone-(125-I)-iodohistamine radioligands. PMID- 1134096 TI - The metabolism of dexamethasone in the rat--effect of phenytoin. PMID- 1134097 TI - The existence of two interconvertible forms of 18-hydroxycorticosterone: is one of them an active precursor of aldosterone? PMID- 1134098 TI - Analysis of a mathematical model for transport of 131-I-albumin. PMID- 1134099 TI - Restricted diffusion in biophysical systems: theory. PMID- 1134100 TI - Active membrane transport driven by dynamic asymmetry. PMID- 1134101 TI - A synaptic model for spatial frequency adaptation. PMID- 1134102 TI - Some further results from a stochastic fertility model for women. PMID- 1134103 TI - First-occupancy model for signal transfer in the brain. PMID- 1134104 TI - A stochastic model for facilitated transport of oxygen through tissue slices. PMID- 1134105 TI - Sites of gene activity and of inactive genes in polytene chromosomes of diptera. PMID- 1134106 TI - Evolution of sex. I. Primitive sex. PMID- 1134107 TI - Mathematical description and analysis of cell cycle kinetics and the application to Ehrlich ascites tumor. PMID- 1134108 TI - Natural selection and the Michaelis constant. PMID- 1134109 TI - Comment on "evidence for a new concept of membrane potential" by Ohki. PMID- 1134110 TI - The use of povidone-iodine in vascular surgery. PMID- 1134111 TI - The effect of normothermic anoxic arrest and ventricular fibrillation on the coronary blood flow distribution of the pig. AB - Normothermic anoxic arrest of 15 and 30 minutes, repeated for up to a total of 90 minutes of anoxia was employed in 24 pigs. The purpose was to determine the effect of varying the duration of anoxia on coronary blood flow, coronary vascular resistance, and the distribution of coronary flow to the free wall of the ventricle. Five minutes of reperfusion at pressures of 50 and 100 mm. Hg with the ventricle fibrillating, was employed between each anoxic interval. Results were compared to control studies performed during ventricular fibrillation without anoxic arrest in 12 pigs. Prolonging the anoxic interval to 30 minutes served to create a maldistribution of coronary flow away from the left ventricular endocardium and to reduce the reactive hypermic response to anoxia. Increasing the perfusion pressure to 100mm. Hg accentuated these changes. Both light and electron microscopy of sections demonstrated edema and early myocardial necrosis in the subendocardial layer of the left ventricle subjected to repeated 30 minute intervals of anoxia at a high perfusion pressure. We postulate that repeated anoxic insults with inadequate repayment of oxygen debt results in subendocardial edema, a decrease in perfusion, increasing necrosis, and further edema. A myocardial infarction must result if this vicious cycle cannot be interrupted. PMID- 1134112 TI - The use of methylprednisolone during cardiopulmonary bypass. A review of 427 cases. AB - A study was designed to evaluate the hemodynamic effects of massive doses of methylprednisolone (30 mg. per kilogram) during cardiopulmonary bypass at normothermia and hypothermia. In 427 patients studied, significantly less vasoconstriction (p less than 0.01) and improved perfusion flows (p less than 0.0005) were obtained at comparable pressure levels in the steroid-treated group (272 patients) compared with the control group (155 patients). Because of these measured parameters, methylprednisolone should be considered a valuable adjunct to improving tissue perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass. PMID- 1134113 TI - Effects of cardiac lymphatic obstruction on coronary arteries. AB - A study was undertaken to determine whether changes occurred in the coronary arteries of dogs after obstruction of the cardiac lymphatics. Other investigators have described changes in the walls of coronary arteries after cardiac lymphatic obstruction that caused compromise of the lumen. Adult mongrel dogs were subjected to an operation which occluded the cardiac lymphatics. Several days later, a second operation was done to remove specimens of the terminal branches of the coronary arteries. The specimens were studied by light and electron microscopy. There was no gross or microscopic evidence of altered morphology of the coronary arterial walls. PMID- 1134114 TI - Some advantages of the membrane oxygenator for open-heart surgery. AB - The Lande'-Edwards oxygenator has been used for clinical perfusions on 283 patients. Among these patients we have encountered the full range of congenital and acquired defects and a variance in age from 1 day to adulthood. Data are presented concerning the means and methods of perfusion, the defects involved, and the results of treatment. A comparison has been made between two groups of 20 adults each, one group perfused with a bubble oxygenator (Bently) and the other with the Lande'-Edwards membrane lung. This study showed that platelet function is better preserved by the membrane lung, that hemolysis is less severe, and that postoperative bleeding is reduced. Indirect evidence has been accumulated to suggest that pulmonary, cerebral, and renal function is also better preserved when the membrane lung is employed. PMID- 1134115 TI - Complications of permanent transvenous cardiac pacing. AB - Clinical experience with permanent transvenous pacing during a 6 year period at Hannover Medical School is presented. A total of 1,376 pacemaker operations were performed in 799 patients, with a mortality rate of 1.1 per cent. The most common complications were premature battery failure, dislocation of endocardial electrodes, infections of the generator and/or electrodes, and skin ulcerations. In our cumulative follow-up period of 1,225 years, a complication necessitating a reoperation is to be expected after an average function-time of 31 months. Including normal battery exhaustion in this calculation will make reoperation necessary every 21.9 months. PMID- 1134116 TI - Cannulation of ascending aorta for long-term membrane oxygenator support. AB - In this report we shall describe a new route for perfusion during long-term support with the membrane oxygenator. The ascending aorta is cannulated so that blood from the oxygenator mixes with blood in the ascending aorta. Thus oxygenated blood is supplied to both the cerebral and coronary systems. PMID- 1134117 TI - Fibrinolysis in cyanotic and acyanotic children before and after open intracardiac operations with the Bently Temptrol oxygenator. AB - Fibrinolysis in cyanotic and acyanotic children has been studied before and after open intracardiac operations. Preoperatively, shorter lysis times were found in the cyanotic group. Lysis times in individual patients varied at different times before operation. Precise documentation of the timing of fibrinolysis determinations is necessary. The lysis times appear to be affected by variables such as fasting, stress, and anesthesia in addition to perfusion. Postoperatively there was no excessive fibrinolysis in either the cyanotic or acyanotic group, the groups showing no differences. No significant alterations in plasma fibrinogen were present before or after perfusion with the pediatric Bentley Temptrol system. PMID- 1134118 TI - Radioisotope scans in the evaluation of metastatic bronchogenic carcinoma. AB - In this study, we evaluated the accuracy of radioisotope scans in detecting metastatic lesions in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. To be included in the study, the patient had to have undergone liver, brain, and/or bone scanning within 10 weeks of autopsy. Other means of evaluating these organs for metastatic involvement were used as well. The liver was checked by palpation and by determination of enzyme levels. A history, physical examination, and neurologic examination were used to establish the possibility of brain metastases. For studying bones, a history, physical examination, and conventional x-ray films were employed. Results of the scans and other tests were compared with findings at autopsy, and accuracy rates for each method of study were determined. PMID- 1134119 TI - Intrapulmonary balloon for temporary relief of pulmonary hypertension. AB - In this report, we shall describe a case of interventricular septal defect with severe cardiac and respiratory insufficiency unresponsive to clinical treatment. The critical condition of the patient prompted us to introduce an obstructive balloon into the pulmonary artery with the objective of reducing pulmonary flow and improving respiratory insufficiency. The mean pressure was reduced from 45 to 19 mm. Hg, and the infant's cardiopulmonary status improved dramatically. After 36 hours, during which the clinical picture stabilized, a banding operation was performed with success. PMID- 1134120 TI - Acute respiratory failure. Survival following ten days' support with a membrane lung. AB - An 11-year-old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in remission developed a bilateral pneumonia which rapidly progressed to acute respiratory failure. During 9 days of intensive therapy the patient's respiratory status progressively deteriorated. When it became impossible to maintain the arterial oxygen tension (PAO2) above 40 mm.Hg by conventional means, extracorporeal blood-gas exchange with a membrane lung was begun. After 5 days of bypass the patient's respiratory function began to improve, and he was weaned from the membrane lung on the tenth day. Seven days later he was discharged from the hospital and is currently in excellemt health 23 months after bypass. This perfusion, the longest successful effort to provide respiratory assist with a membrane lung, attests to the efficacy of this therapeutic modality. PMID- 1134121 TI - A wandering bullet. Successful removal and a simple technique to prevent its migration. AB - Bullet migration toward and within the pulmonary circulation occurred in a case of gunshot wound to the right upper abdominal quadrant. Difficulties in locating the missile were encountered during surgical attempts to remove it. Finally, a Swan-Ganz catheter was used for pulmonary angiography. The balloon of the catheter was inflated to prevent further migration of the missile until it could be surgically removed. PMID- 1134122 TI - Postoperative chylothorax. Six cases in 2,500 operations, with a survey of the world literature. AB - We have systematically reviewed the literature concerning iatrogenic chylothorax and shall report our personal observations on the subject. Despite an increasing number of thoracic operations, injuries to the thoracic duct are infrequent. Cardiovascular and esophageal procedures are the most frequent causes of chylothorax. Malformations of the thoracic duct and other organs of the mediastinum have often been involved in lymphatic injury. Consequently, we believe that a complicating chylothorax may result from varied causes rather than solely from a surgical error. PMID- 1134123 TI - [Legal basics of medical responsibility]. PMID- 1134124 TI - [Responsibility of the medical expert appointed by the court]. PMID- 1134125 TI - [Order of physicians and medical responsibility]. PMID- 1134126 TI - [Paradoxes of the medical contract]. PMID- 1134127 TI - [Medical responsibility and the theory of risk]. PMID- 1134129 TI - [The psychotherapeutic society--utopia or nightmare?]. PMID- 1134128 TI - [Medical responsibility in the matter of injection of the anti-tetanus serum]. PMID- 1134130 TI - [Make a hygienist of the doctor]. PMID- 1134131 TI - [The psychotherapeutic society--utopis or nightmare]. PMID- 1134132 TI - [Drug adviser--a magician]. PMID- 1134133 TI - [Melanin and adverse effects]. PMID- 1134134 TI - [Excursion in military medicine]. PMID- 1134135 TI - [Anaerobe infections]. PMID- 1134137 TI - [Teenage pregnancy and partus]. PMID- 1134136 TI - [Occurrence of viruses among foreign adopted children and their families]. PMID- 1134138 TI - [Chlorhexidine is very toxic for the internal ear]. PMID- 1134139 TI - [Effect of mefruside on blood pressure and on potassium, magnesium and uric acid in the blood]. PMID- 1134140 TI - [Case of joint pain, dark colored tissue and darkened urine]. PMID- 1134141 TI - [An unacceptable offer]. PMID- 1134142 TI - [Letter: Placebo ethics]. PMID- 1134143 TI - [Letter: Unbelievable misquotation]. PMID- 1134144 TI - [Letter: It is easier to write than to do]. PMID- 1134145 TI - [What will the PBU be good for?]. PMID- 1134146 TI - [What the individual needs is something which functions]. PMID- 1134147 TI - [The role of physicians and health care in a medical castrophe]. PMID- 1134148 TI - [Lipid reduction and myocardial infarct]. PMID- 1134149 TI - [Malaria vaccine on the way?]. PMID- 1134150 TI - [Family birth]. PMID- 1134151 TI - [T-mycoplasma and infertility]. PMID- 1134152 TI - [Are individuals in training healthier than other personnel?]. PMID- 1134153 TI - [Storage of case reports as an educational aid]. PMID- 1134154 TI - [Myasthenia gravis symptoms in rabbits after development of antibodies against acetylcholine receptors]. PMID- 1134155 TI - [The family situation during one parent's imprisonment]. PMID- 1134156 TI - [The mentally ill and psychiatry in the industrial society]. PMID- 1134157 TI - [International conference on health risks for workers in the chemical industry]. PMID- 1134158 TI - [A febrile patient]. PMID- 1134159 TI - [Editorial: Narcotics--what are they?]. PMID- 1134160 TI - [Editorial: Biologic processes]. PMID- 1134161 TI - [Serious anesthetic complication induced by incorrectly constructed endotracheal tube]. PMID- 1134162 TI - [Patient with spinal disease in outpatient clinics]. PMID- 1134163 TI - [IUD and nullipara]. PMID- 1134164 TI - [Education of health service personnel for duty in developing countries]. PMID- 1134165 TI - [Statistical study of the course of the weight curve of the newborn infant]. PMID- 1134166 TI - [Abnormal implantations of the left coronary artery (apropos of 2 cases)]. PMID- 1134167 TI - [Apparently primary malignant cervical adenopathies]. PMID- 1134168 TI - [Pulmonary infection, splenomegaly and lenticular pink spots (apropos of a case of ornithosis)]. PMID- 1134169 TI - [The heart and arterial hypertension]. PMID- 1134170 TI - [Yersinia enterocolitica endemic in Tournaisis]. PMID- 1134171 TI - [Our experience with peroperative coloscopy (apropos of 12 cases)]. PMID- 1134172 TI - [Experimentation with a new semisynthetic molecule (Dexacillin) in otorhinolaryngology]. PMID- 1134173 TI - [Therapeutic effects of erythrityl tetranitrate on angina pectoris]. PMID- 1134174 TI - [Diprosone cream: its value in daily dermatologic practice]. PMID- 1134175 TI - [Action of rifampicin on severe nontuberculous infections]. PMID- 1134176 TI - [Dogmatil in psychosomatic urologic diseases]. PMID- 1134177 TI - [Action of a preparation combining Melilot and hydrosoluble rutin on trophic disorders of the lower limb of vascular origin]. PMID- 1134178 TI - [Clinical study of a new anti-angina pectoris agent: Fenalcomine hydrochloride]. PMID- 1134179 TI - [Determinations of digitaline: their valuein daily cardiologic practice]. PMID- 1134180 TI - Superoxide dismutase activity (erythrocuprein) in Wilson's disease. PMID- 1134181 TI - The identification and biosynthesis of two juvenile hormones from the tobacco budworm moth (Helothis virescens). PMID- 1134182 TI - Self-admimistration of haloperidol in rats. PMID- 1134183 TI - Juvenile hormone production by corpora allata of Tenebrio molitor in vitro. PMID- 1134184 TI - The effect of thyroidectomy on the subcellular Mg distribution in rat liver. PMID- 1134185 TI - Brain acetylcholine: increase after systemic choline administration. PMID- 1134186 TI - Incorporation of uridine by the perfused rabbit heart. PMID- 1134187 TI - Plasma catecholamines: arterial-venous difference and the influence of body temperature. PMID- 1134188 TI - A relation between drug concentrations in brain and striatal homovanillic acid levels in chlorpromazine treated rats. PMID- 1134189 TI - A specific assay for subannogram concentrations of reserpine in human plasma. PMID- 1134190 TI - 5-Hydroxy indoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) levels in the cerebrospinal fluid in consciousness and unconsciousness after head injury. PMID- 1134191 TI - Isolated rat hepatocytes as a model to study drug metabolism: dose-dependent metabolism of diphenylhydantoin. PMID- 1134192 TI - Microturbidimetric determination of erythrocyte osmotic fragility in newborn, weanling and mature rats. PMID- 1134194 TI - Identification and quantification of juvenile hormones from different developmental stages of the cockroach Nauphoeta cinerea. PMID- 1134193 TI - Alkylation and carbamoylation intermediates from the carcinostatic 1-(2 chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU)-1. PMID- 1134195 TI - Hormone and metabolite differences between lactating beef and dairy cattle. PMID- 1134197 TI - Inhibitor of heme synthesis in polycythemic rabbit serum. PMID- 1134196 TI - Histidine induced hypothermia in the rat. PMID- 1134198 TI - Blockade of alpha-methyltyrosine-induced supersensitivity to apomorphine by chronic administration of L-dopa. PMID- 1134199 TI - Pharmacology of fibrosis: definitions, limits and perspectives. PMID- 1134200 TI - Induction of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase in human fetal liver cell and fibroblast cultures by polycyclic hydrocarbons. PMID- 1134201 TI - Myelin lipids in vitamin B 12 deficiency in chicks. PMID- 1134202 TI - Protein synthesis in mitochondrial and microsomal fractions from rat brain and liver after acute or chronic ethanol administration. PMID- 1134203 TI - Ganglioside pattern and thermal tolerance of fish species. PMID- 1134204 TI - Effects of narcotic antagonists on fluid intake in the rat. PMID- 1134205 TI - Behavioral depression in pigeons following l-tryptophan administration. PMID- 1134206 TI - Some effects of morphine on lipid metabolism in normal, tolerant and abstinent rats. PMID- 1134207 TI - Modification on human sperm metabolism by the induced release of intracellular zinc. PMID- 1134208 TI - The histamine amides of Acacia longifolia. AB - Extracts of Acacia longifolia yielded two major histamine aldaloiks which were separated by tlc. Nmr, ms, uv, ir and other physical measurements led to structural assignments of the compounds as N-(2-imidazol-4-yl-ethyl)-trans cinnamamide and N-(2-imidazol-4-yl-ethyl)-deca-trans-2, cis-4-dienamide. Confirmation of these structures was by comparison of literature data in the case of the cinnamamide and by synthesis of the new decadienamide. Dowex-50 ion exchange resin (H+ form) was found to be highly efficient in the isolation of these compounds from crude plant extracts. PMID- 1134209 TI - Antimicrobial agents from higher plants. The antimicrobially inactive components of Ptelea trifoliata L. AB - From the weakly antibacterial non-quaternary alkaloidal fractions from Ptelea trifoliata L. (Rutaceae), ten tertiary quinol-2-one and quinol-4-one alkaloids were isolated and identified. In addition, beta-sitosterol, beta-sitosteryl-beta D-glucoside and bergapten were isolated. None of these compounds possessed perceptible antimicrobial activity. The weak antimicrobial activity of the neutral and alkaloidal fractions was traced to small amounts of pteleatinium chloride which had not been completely separated by bulk processes. Alkaloids previously known to be present in P. trifoliata which were found in this study ptelefoline methyl ether, pteleine and skimmianine. Alkaloids previously known but new to this plant were lunidoine and isomaculasidine. Alkaloids newly found in nature were neohydroxylunine, hydroxylunidonine, 6-methoxylunidoine, 6 methoxylunineand 6-methoxy-hydroxylunidine. The structure of the latter three bases is proposed tentatively. PMID- 1134210 TI - Biotransformation of tryptophan by Phaseolus vulgaris suspension culture. AB - The carboline alkaloids, harman and norharman, detected in the culture filtrate of Phaseolus vulgaris suspension culture are the two major products of the biotransformation of tryptophan by this culture. The peak concentration of harman and norharman in the medium was reached between the second and fourth day of fermentation, depending on the size of the inoculum. A supplement of 0.1 mg of tryptophan per ml of 67V medium (with a low basal concentration of 15 to 20 mug of tryptophan per ml medium) increased the peak concentration of harman by an average of 2.1 times and of norharman by an average of 4.7 times in medium. PMID- 1134211 TI - The production of antraquinones in callus cultures of Cassia tora. AB - Callus cultures were extablished from the seedlings of Cassia tora on a chemically defined medium supplemented with 2, 4-D and kinetin. A phytochemical investigation of callus tissues demonstrated the presence of chrysophanol, emodin, physcion, and an unidentified pigment, all of which are contained in the seeds of the original plant. The maximum content of antraquinones on a fresh weight basis was 0.334 percent, which is higher than the content of total anthraquinones in the dry seeds. Furthermore, it was shown that the production of these compounds is influenced by the concentrations of auxin and cytokinin supplied to the culture medium. PMID- 1134213 TI - Survey of British seaweeds for hemagglutinins. PMID- 1134212 TI - Attraction of ethyl ether extracts of 232 botanicals to oriental fruit flies, melon flies, and Mediterranean fruit flies. AB - The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), the melon fly, Dacus cucurbitae Coquillett, and the oriental fruit fly, D. dorsalis Hendel, three Hawaiian tephritids of economic importance, were exposed to traps each containing one of 232 ethyl ether extracts of air-dried botanicals. The principal concern was to establish which extracts were attractive judged on the basis of an index determined by the number of times more flies were attracted to the trap baited with water and extract than were attracted to traps baited with water only. Female Mediterranean fruit flies were attracted to 61 extracts and melon fly females to 31 extracts. Female oriental fruit flies were not much attracted. Many extracts were attractive to males of the three species. The extract of Coffea robusta Linden (Family Rubiaceae) was the only material attractive to both sexes of all three species. PMID- 1134214 TI - Isolation and characterisation of an antisickling agent from Fagara zanthoxyloides root. PMID- 1134215 TI - Isolation and identification of some constituents of Arracacia vaginata. PMID- 1134216 TI - Isolation of beta-(2-furoyl)-L-alanine from the hydrolyzed extracts of Koelreuteria paniculata (Golden Rain Tree) seeds. PMID- 1134217 TI - Saururaceae. V. Composition of essential oil from foliage of Houttuynia cordata and chemo systematics of Saururaceae. AB - The chemical composition of the essential oil from the aerial parts of Houttuynia cordata was examined by ir, glc and gc-ms, as a part of the study of the Saururaceae whose members have rich folkloric medicinal history. The analysis indicate that the essential oil from H. cordata is very rich (81.4 percent v/v) in lipid compounds. A comparision of the composition of the essential oils from three members of the Saururaceae, namely Anemopsis californica, Saururus cernuus and H. cordata from a chemosystematic point of view shows that each species investigated hitherto has its own characteristic type essential oil. While from the morphological and anatomical point of view, Saururus seems to represent the least specialized genus, the presently available chemical evidence does not clearly assign such a status to Saururus. PMID- 1134218 TI - Investigation of Erythrina spp. VII. Chemical constituents of Erythrina variegata var. orientalis bark. AB - The petroleum ether extractive of the bark of Erythrina variegata var. orientalis was fractionated and shown to be composed of wax alcohols and wax acids, alkyl ferulates, alkyl phenolates, stigmasterol, sitosterol, campesterol and possibly citrostadienol/24-methylenelophenol. The ethanol extractive yielded chloroform soluble and water-soluble bases, identified as erysovine and stachydrine, respectively. PMID- 1134219 TI - Oxidative desaturation of alpha-linoleic, linoleic, and stearic acids by human liver microsomes. AB - The desaturation of stearic, linoleic, and alpha-linolenic acids by human liver microsomes were studied. The microsomes were isolated from liver biopsies obtained during operation. It was shown that human liver microsomes are able to desaturate 1-14-C-alpha-linoleic acid to octadeca-6,9,12,15,-telraenoic acid: 1 15-C-linoleic acid to gammalinolenic acid; and 1-14-C-stearic acid to oleic acid in the same system described in the rat. However, the desaturation activity obtained was low compared to other mammals. This effect was attributed to fasting, pre-medication, or the anaesthesia. PMID- 1134220 TI - Purification and properties of aortic cholesteryl ester hydrolase. AB - The enzyme(s) present in acetonedried powder of rat and rabbit aortas, which catalyzes the synthesis and hydrolysis of cholesteryl ester, was purified partially by acid precipitation, acetone fractionation, O-(diethylaminoethyl) cellulose chromatography, and Sephadex G-100 filtration. The synthetic activity was purified by 120-fold (rat) and 140-fold (rabbit). Purification of hydrolytic activity was 90-fold (rat) and 103-fold (rabbit). Cholesteryl ester hydrolase activity was separated from nonspecific esterase by column chromatography. Both synthetic and the hydrolytic activities are apparently the functions of one enzyme. The mol wt of the enzyme was estimated to be 140,000 dalton as determined by Sephadex G-200 gel filtration. The extracts of the acetone-dried powders of aortas of both species contained an inhibitor of synthetic activity. The inhibitor was nondialyzable and was precipitated at pH 5.7. Both activities were found to be fairly nonspecifc with regard to sterol and fatty acids. With oleic acid, the relative rates of sterol ester synthesis were: cholesterol, 100; cholestanol, 94; desmosterol, 35; coprostanol, 24; ergosterol, 20; and beta sitosterol, 19. Epicholesterol was not esterified. Oleic acid was most active in cholesteryl ester synthesis, the relative rates being: oleic greater than linoleic greater than arachidonic greater than palmitic greater than stearic greater than butyric. The rate of hydrolysis was maximum with cholesteryl linoleate followed by oleate, linolenate, palmitate, stearate, and laurate in decreasing order. PMID- 1134221 TI - Erucic acid metabolism by rat heart preparations. AB - Rat heart preparations metabolized erucic acid at much slower rates than palmitic acid. This applied for activation reaction, for the conversion of acyl-CoA to acylcarnitine, and for the utilization of acyl group for oxidation. As compared to palmityl-CoA, erucyl-CoA exhibited a lower affinity for carnitine palmityltransferase (EC 2.3.1.23), the respective apparent Michaelis constants were 43 and 83 muM. Presence of erucyl-CoA or erucyl-carnitine slowed the mitochondrial oxidation of palmityl groups apparently because of the slower oxidation of erucyl groups. However, presence of erucate did not inhibit the activation of palmitate. Heart mitochondria obtained from rats fed rapeseed oil (50 cal %) or corn oil diet for 3 days showed similar abilities for the coupled oxidation of various substrates and similar carnitine palmityltransferase activities. Thus, a suggestion of gross mitochondrial malfunction following rapeseed oil consumption was not confirmed. PMID- 1134222 TI - Identification and quantitation of cholanoic acids in hepatic and extra-hepatic tissues of rat. AB - Tissues of rats were examined for the presence of cholanoic acids. Quantitation of extraction, deconjugation, and isolation were verified by use of radioactive standards. Identification was made by thin layer and gas liquid chromatographic comparison to standards and mass spectrometry. All tissues examined were found to contain several conjugated cholanoic acids. Liver contained primarily cholic acid and peripheral tissues primarily dihydroxy compounds, mainly hyodeoxycholic acid. PMID- 1134223 TI - Dietary and hormonal effects upon activity of "soluble" protein and particulate fraction of fatty acid desaturation system of rat liver microsomes. AB - Rat liver microsomes were extracted with a buffered 0.15 M KCl and 0.25 M sucrose solution and fractionated by centrifugation into a particulate component and a supernatant containing a protein factor necessary for fatty acid desaturation. The delta 6 fatty acid desaturation activity of the extracted microsomes was reduced significantly, and the readdition of the supernatant restored the enzymatic activity to the original value of the whole microsomes. A protein diet or a fat-free diet increased the delta 6 desaturation activity of the whole microsomes. The activating effect was evoked upon the particulate components of the enzymatic desaturation system and not upon the protein factor present in the supernatant. Fasting, refeeding, and refeeding plus glucagon and theophylline treatments of rats also modified the delta 6 desaturation activity of whole liver microsomes. The effect also was evoked on the delta 6 desaturation system tightly bound to the microsomal membrane but not on the protein factor of the supernatant. Accordingly, the protein factor of the supernatant is considered to be different from the cyanide sensitive factor and the desaturase. PMID- 1134224 TI - Nonsteroidal secondary and tertiary amines: inhibitors of insect development and metamorphosis and delta-24-sterol reductase system of tobacco hornworm. AB - Several new branched and straight chain secondary and tertiary amines were shown to have inhibitive effects upon development and metamorphosis and the delta-24 sterol reductase system in larvae of the tobacco hornworm similar to those previously observed with a number of azasteroids. Certain of the amines which are related structurally to compounds with juvenile hormone activity in insects also blocked development and metamorphosis in three other species of insects. These compounds are lethal or inhibit development in all larval stages and thus differ in action from compounds with juvenile hormone activity where the principal effect is to block the penultimate or ultimate molt. PMID- 1134225 TI - Adaptive changes in delta 9 desaturase activity in rat liver. AB - The delta 9 desaturase activity and the 14-C radioactivity of the de novo synthesized fatty acids incorporated into microsomal lipids and serum triglycerides were measured under different nutritional conditions. The results obtained indicate a correlation between the values of the three parameters studied after starvation or after refeeding Purina chow or either a high carbohydrate or a high protein diet. These data suggest that liver lipogenesis and delta 9 desaturase activities respond to the same regulatory factors. PMID- 1134226 TI - [Menstrual function in workers dealing with constant-action fluorescent substances]. PMID- 1134227 TI - [Radiation loads of persons undergoing x-ray studies]. PMID- 1134228 TI - [Hemodynamics of the general and regional circulation in radiation therapy of bronchial cancer]. PMID- 1134229 TI - [Determination of the radiation loads in abdominal angiography]. PMID- 1134230 TI - [Permissible doses of radiation for patients undergoing x-ray studies]. PMID- 1134231 TI - [Work standards for the medical personnel of radiodiagnostic laboratories]. PMID- 1134232 TI - [Verification method providing an increase in the accuracy of dosimeters]. PMID- 1134233 TI - [Assessing the error in measurements using various dosimetric systems]. PMID- 1134234 TI - [Measurement fluctuations using devices with ionization chambers]. PMID- 1134235 TI - [Physical principles of x-ray intesitometry]. PMID- 1134236 TI - [Roentgenometry in planning gamma teletherapy of cervical cancer]. PMID- 1134237 TI - [Method of centration control in gamma teletherapy]. PMID- 1134238 TI - [Changes in the stomach and intestines during radiation therapy of tumors of the abdominal cavity]. PMID- 1134239 TI - [Relative biological effectiveness of negative pi-mesons (preliminary report)]. PMID- 1134240 TI - [Highly oxidized celluloses as an agent for prophylaxis and emergency aid in the peroral exposure of the body to osteotropic radionuclides]. PMID- 1134241 TI - [Radiation therapy of post-amputation pain syndrome]. PMID- 1134242 TI - [Results of x-ray therapy and radioisotope teletherapy of laryngeal cancer]. PMID- 1134243 TI - [Unusual course of eosinophilic granuloma]. PMID- 1134245 TI - [Planning the schedule of radiation treatment]. PMID- 1134244 TI - [Tactics in combined treatment of lymphogranulomatosis]. PMID- 1134246 TI - [Effectiveness of radioisotope teletherapy of lung cancer]. PMID- 1134247 TI - [Chemo-radiotion treatment of undifferentiated lung cancer]. PMID- 1134248 TI - Radiation therapy in combined treatment of thyroid gland cancer. PMID- 1134249 TI - [Inhibition of antibody formation after local fractionated irradiation]. PMID- 1134250 TI - [Development of the views of the International Commission on Radiation Protection on practical aspects of decrease of radiation dosage]. PMID- 1134251 TI - [Utilization of computers for calculation of space distribution of absorbed dose in the use or protective screens in radioisotope teletherapy]. PMID- 1134252 TI - [Dosage fields in the use of mobile x-ray apparatus]. PMID- 1134253 TI - [Radiation treatment of Hand-Schueller-Christian syndrome in a child]. PMID- 1134254 TI - [Breast cancer and basalioma after radiation treatment of hemangioma of the anterior chest wall]. PMID- 1134255 TI - How industry is handling the problem. PMID- 1134256 TI - Footnotes on alcoholism in industry. PMID- 1134257 TI - Alcohol and the Indians. PMID- 1134258 TI - Dilantin in the treatment of alcoholism. PMID- 1134259 TI - Drug interactions with alcohol. PMID- 1134261 TI - Editorial: The great scourge of our society. PMID- 1134260 TI - Alcohol and the diabetic. PMID- 1134262 TI - Practical ways to help your alcohol abusers. PMID- 1134263 TI - The incidence of alcoholism in a family practice. PMID- 1134264 TI - How family doctors are treating alcoholism. PMID- 1134266 TI - The special problem of the alcoholic physician. PMID- 1134265 TI - A suggested regimen for treating the acute stage. PMID- 1134267 TI - Ten tips from Alcoholics Anonymous for family doctors. PMID- 1134268 TI - A statement by Morris Chafetz, M.D., Director, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. PMID- 1134269 TI - Alcohol and traffic deaths. PMID- 1134270 TI - When is a person drunk? PMID- 1134271 TI - Two minutes with diabetes. PMID- 1134272 TI - Psychiatry for the family physician: the double bind. PMID- 1134273 TI - Editorial: Where have the infectious diseases gone? PMID- 1134274 TI - Number 6. How they manage acute medical problems at Columbia-Presbyterian. Common complications of prosthetic cardiac valves. PMID- 1134276 TI - An insurance company's view of the malpractice situation. PMID- 1134275 TI - Ways to reduce the damage from myocardial infarction. PMID- 1134277 TI - What 1,700 family MDs said about...annual physicals. PMID- 1134278 TI - [Aphorisms in medical books and periodicals]. PMID- 1134279 TI - [Spondylolisthesis in adolescents]. PMID- 1134280 TI - [Psychology of the dying patient]. PMID- 1134281 TI - [Dermatological aspects in detective stories]. PMID- 1134282 TI - [Clinical research]. PMID- 1134283 TI - [Smoking and preganacy. Importance of the parental smoking habits for the fetus and newborn infant]. PMID- 1134284 TI - [Traumatology of the eye]. PMID- 1134286 TI - [Good-bye to the calory]. PMID- 1134285 TI - [Medical treatment, medical guidance, psychic guidance and psychotherapy]. PMID- 1134287 TI - [Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria with aplastic syndrome]. PMID- 1134288 TI - [Media coordination: general medical examination]. PMID- 1134289 TI - [Chronic headache. Differential diagnosis from the viewpoint of the practitioner]. PMID- 1134290 TI - [Diagnostic significance of quantitative analysis of stomach secretion]. PMID- 1134291 TI - [Dopamine in treatment of acute severe heart insufficiency]. PMID- 1134293 TI - [Effect of dopamine on blood circulation parameters in the early phase following heart surgery]. PMID- 1134292 TI - [Effect of dopamine on coronary blood flow, heart inotropy and kidney circulation]. PMID- 1134294 TI - [Effect of dopamine, resp. orciprenaline, on heart and kidney function following cardiac surgery]. PMID- 1134295 TI - [Effect of dopamine on myocardial contractility in immediate "postbypass" phasis]. PMID- 1134296 TI - [Sociomedical categories in population politics]. PMID- 1134297 TI - [Experience with DB retard in therapy of diabetes]. PMID- 1134298 TI - [Therapy of senile hearing impairment with SP 54 in double-blind experiment]. PMID- 1134299 TI - [Hypertension in fresh myocardial infarct]. PMID- 1134300 TI - [Practical measures in heart neurosis]. PMID- 1134301 TI - [Epilepsy and driver's licence]. PMID- 1134303 TI - [Psychopharmacologic agents at the disposal of the practitioner. Vertigo. Review and short reports]. PMID- 1134302 TI - [Significance of autoregulation in the treatment of cerebral vascular lesions. Hemodynamic studies on Fludilat]. PMID- 1134304 TI - [Do the benzodiazepine preparations (Librium, Valium) cause taste disorders?]. PMID- 1134305 TI - [Psychological guidance for surgical patients: anxiety index]. PMID- 1134306 TI - [Billroth II--Billroth I transformation surgery. Indications, technics, complications]. PMID- 1134307 TI - [Surgical aspects of colonic diverticulitis]. PMID- 1134308 TI - [Subphrenic abscess]. PMID- 1134309 TI - [Fractures of patella. Therapeutic problems]. PMID- 1134310 TI - [Indication and results of plate osteosynthesis of femoral multiple and comminuted fractures; the use of condylar plates]. PMID- 1134311 TI - [Immediate prosthetic rehabilitation of femoral amputation]. PMID- 1134312 TI - [Bronchitis--center of bronchopulmonary diseases. Morbidity and significance from the viewpoint of social medicine]. PMID- 1134313 TI - [Bronchitis. Current knowledge on pathogenesis and morphology]. PMID- 1134314 TI - [Significance of environmental factors in bronchial diseases]. PMID- 1134315 TI - [Spirography as the basis of optimal diagnosis and treatment of respiratory tract syndromes]. PMID- 1134316 TI - [Enzymatic cholesterol determination: normal (reference) ranges]. PMID- 1134317 TI - [Electrocardiodram in posterobasal infarction of the posterior cardiac wall]. PMID- 1134318 TI - [Letter: Pathognostic changes of bundle-branch block in ECG following physical strain]. PMID- 1134319 TI - [Results of the "Cancer Prevention Week" at Baden-Wurttemberg. An attempt at cost-benefit analysis]. PMID- 1134320 TI - [Current trends in thyroid diagnosis in nuclear medicine]. PMID- 1134321 TI - [Resorption of mercury following local antiseptical treatment of burns]. PMID- 1134322 TI - [Coagulation disorders in urosepsis]. PMID- 1134323 TI - [Analgesia and sedation in combination with local anesthesia]. PMID- 1134324 TI - [Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis. Clinical picture and case report]. PMID- 1134325 TI - [Carcinoma of the gallbladder]. PMID- 1134326 TI - [Mortality after bile duct surgery]. PMID- 1134327 TI - [Clinical value of retrograde pancreatography from the surgical point of view]. PMID- 1134328 TI - [Embolic occlusion of the brachial artery - nowadays still a time factor]. PMID- 1134329 TI - [Renal tumor - echinococcal cyst]. PMID- 1134330 TI - [Effect of oral iron therapy in blood donors on diverse blood parameters]. PMID- 1134331 TI - [Report of a case of histoplasmosis]. PMID- 1134332 TI - [Absorption of vitamin C from a delayed-action preparation]. PMID- 1134333 TI - [Enzyme substitution in postoperative digestive disorders]. PMID- 1134334 TI - Leukocyte phagocytosis in infantile protein-calorie malnutrition. PMID- 1134335 TI - [Plasma transport of thyroxine in patients with endemic goiter]. PMID- 1134336 TI - Studies on the mechanism of unresponsiveness. Inability of lymph node cells from pretreated donor rats to transfer adjuvant disease. PMID- 1134337 TI - A new surface adherent cell line derived from a suspension culture of human lymphoblastoid cells. PMID- 1134339 TI - [Editorial: Hospital libraries are not a luxury]. PMID- 1134338 TI - [Prostaglandins in human sarcoma. Probable sarcoma of reno-medullary interstitial cells]. PMID- 1134340 TI - [Editorial: Population genetics, medicine and public health]. PMID- 1134341 TI - Deinstitutionalization and the law. PMID- 1134343 TI - Job retention of the mentally retarded. PMID- 1134342 TI - The adult MR in the criminal justice system. PMID- 1134344 TI - The experimental validation of a graded word list by EMR children. PMID- 1134345 TI - Standardization of a public school version of the AAMD Adaptive Behavior Scale. PMID- 1134346 TI - A survey of marriages among previously institutionalized retardates. PMID- 1134347 TI - The Itinerant Training Team: variations on a familiar concept. PMID- 1134348 TI - "The expendables"? PMID- 1134349 TI - Normalized behavior in community placement. PMID- 1134350 TI - 3-phosphoglycerate kinase of skeletal muscle. PMID- 1134351 TI - Human phosphoglycerate kinase. PMID- 1134352 TI - Human erythrocyte pyruvate kinase. PMID- 1134353 TI - Hexikinase of rat brain. PMID- 1134354 TI - Fructose-diphosphate aldolase from lobster muscle. PMID- 1134355 TI - Detection and isolation of mammalian fructose-diphosphate aldolases. PMID- 1134356 TI - 2-keto-4-hydroxyglutarate aldolase from bovine liver. PMID- 1134357 TI - D-gluconate dehydratase from Alcaligenes. PMID- 1134358 TI - Glucokinase of rat liver. PMID- 1134359 TI - Enolase from human muscle. PMID- 1134360 TI - Galactokinase from human erythrocytes. PMID- 1134362 TI - Macroreticular resin chromatography of antibiotics. PMID- 1134361 TI - Electrophoresis of antibiotics. PMID- 1134363 TI - Isolation of antibiotics of countercurrent distribution. PMID- 1134364 TI - Differential pulse polarography of antibiotics. PMID- 1134365 TI - Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of antibiotics. PMID- 1134366 TI - The use of 13-C labeling in the study of antibiotic biosynthesis. PMID- 1134367 TI - L-arginine:inosamine-P amidinotransferase(s). PMID- 1134368 TI - S-adenosylmethionine:erythromycin C O-methyltransferase. PMID- 1134369 TI - Guanosine triphosphate-8-formylhydrolase. PMID- 1134370 TI - 6-Methylsalicylic acid synthetase. PMID- 1134371 TI - m-Hydroxybenzyl-alcohol dehydrogenase. PMID- 1134372 TI - Bacitracin synthetase. PMID- 1134373 TI - S-adenosylmethionine:dedimethylamino-4-aminoanhydrotetracycline N methyltransferase. PMID- 1134375 TI - Beta-lactamase (Bacillus licheniformis). PMID- 1134374 TI - ADP; tetracyclin 5a(11a)dehydrogenase. PMID- 1134376 TI - Beta-lactamase (Staphylococcus aureus). PMID- 1134377 TI - Beta-lactamases (Actinomycetes species). PMID- 1134378 TI - Chloramphenicol hydrolase. PMID- 1134379 TI - Peptide antibiotic lactonase. PMID- 1134380 TI - Application of precursors adsorbed on activated charcoal for labeling of mamalian DNA in vivo. PMID- 1134381 TI - Methods to culture diploid fibroblasts on a large scale. PMID- 1134382 TI - Purification of surface membranes from rat brain cells. PMID- 1134383 TI - Partition of cells in two-polymer aqueous phases: a method forseparating cells and for obtaining information on their surface properties. PMID- 1134384 TI - The plasma membrane of the KB cells: isolation and properties. PMID- 1134385 TI - The Isolation of Nuclei from Paramecium aurelia. PMID- 1134387 TI - The right to know. PMID- 1134386 TI - Synchronization of cell division in vivo through the combined use of cytosinearabinoside and colcemid. PMID- 1134389 TI - Commentary. PMID- 1134388 TI - Miles to go before we sleep. PMID- 1134390 TI - Taking care to thaw out some magic. PMID- 1134391 TI - More than houses. PMID- 1134392 TI - Those who speak up. PMID- 1134394 TI - Apathy. PMID- 1134393 TI - Two days richer. PMID- 1134395 TI - Law. PMID- 1134396 TI - The cutting edge: right to treatment. PMID- 1134397 TI - Quantitative determination of vitamin B12 by cyan dosage, with infrared absorption spectrophotometry. PMID- 1134398 TI - Determination of thallium in autopsy tissues and body fluids by spectrophotometric technique. PMID- 1134399 TI - [Direct spectrophotometric method for the simultaneous determination of L ascorbic acid and dehydro L-ascorbic acid]. PMID- 1134400 TI - Characterization of some gem-dinitrilo sneeze and tear gases by electron-impact induced fragmentation. PMID- 1134401 TI - Contributions to analytical chemistry of vitamin B12. PMID- 1134402 TI - Multisite analysis of metabolic transients in single living cells by multichannel microfluorometry. PMID- 1134403 TI - Editorial: Student action in education. PMID- 1134404 TI - Editorial: Life expectancy. PMID- 1134405 TI - The ethics and morality of clinical trials in man. PMID- 1134406 TI - Mental health problems among university students, and their relationship to academic failure and withdrawal. AB - Two obvious forms of student "wastage" are academic failure and withdrawal from university. In this prospective cohort study of 2,041 first-year students at Monash University, the relationship of these two events to mental health, university life-stress and other variables is examined. Four factors found to be strongly related to first-year academic failure are mental illness at university a high level of life-stress, poor secondary school academic record, and an extroverted personality. Withdrawal from university during first year is frequently preceded by poor mental health, high life-stress and loneliness. Withdrawal during second year is strongly associated with first-year academic failure and mental illness. The significance of these findings is discussed, and comparisons are made with overseas studies. PMID- 1134407 TI - Peripheral gangrene as the initial manifestation of polycythaemia vera. AB - Peripheral gangrene is an uncommon initial manifestation of polycythaemia vera, especially if it is not associated with occlusive disease of larger vessels of the limbs. A 57-year-old Chinese male with polycythaemia vera presenting with recurrent gangrene of the toes is described. Absence of occlusive arterial disease of larger vessels was shown by the presence of peripheral pulses. The digital gangrene was due most probably to impaired perfusion resulting from hyperviscosity. Correction of hyperviscosity in this case by venesection and treatment with the cytotoxic drug, busulphan, not only corrected the polycythaemia vera, but also cured the digital gangrene. PMID- 1134408 TI - Design and applications of a new device for the internal fixation of bones. PMID- 1134409 TI - An international interdisciplinary educational workshop for students from the health professions. PMID- 1134410 TI - Letter: Salicylates and perinatal mortality in aborigines. PMID- 1134411 TI - The health commission of New South Wales. PMID- 1134412 TI - Home dialysis using an insulated tank. PMID- 1134413 TI - Letter: Giardiasis in a refugee from Darwin. PMID- 1134414 TI - Letter: Relaxation of requirements on smallpox vaccination. PMID- 1134415 TI - Editorial: "Geriatrics". PMID- 1134416 TI - Editorial: Arterial injuries in civilian limb trauma. PMID- 1134417 TI - Latent pernicious anaemia: a preliminary report. PMID- 1134418 TI - [Endometriosis]. PMID- 1134419 TI - [Systematic procedure in obstetrical coagulopathies based on a therapy plan]. PMID- 1134420 TI - [Increasing frequency of surgical closure of the incompetent cervix (author's transl)]. AB - In the years 1960-1972 an increase of the frequency in the surgical closure of the incompetent cervix is observed. Primarily a cerclage, described by Shirodkar, in a modification of McDonald was used; a closure, described by Szendi was performed very rare. An exact explication of the pregnancy of 304 patients from the last 6 years shows, that in 87% the operation was successful, in 13% the pregnancy ended as an abortion. The purpose is to reach a time for a delivery of a child alive if possible mature. From 269 newborn infants 22,3% had a birthweight of less than 2500 g and 79,6% more than 2500 g; 1,1% were stillborn. The increase of the frequency we deduce on the one hand in an enlarged indication for a surgical closure and on the other hand in an improved intensive care during pregnancy, especially in high risk patients. PMID- 1134421 TI - [Micro-molecular plasmocytoma: case report (author's transl)]. AB - The histological diagnosis of an apparently solitary destructive bone lesion revealed a plasmocytoma, being suspected of generalized spreading. Thereupon performed radiological examination demonstrated multiple radiolucent skeletal lesions and supported this diagnosis. Although specific hematological and proteinchemical findings were not indicative in the first instance, a second scrutiny of protein rates succeeded to demonstrate Bence-Jones-Kappa and consequently this case could be classified as a multiple micro-molecular plasmocytoma. PMID- 1134422 TI - [The neutral-O-measuring method]. PMID- 1134423 TI - [Cryosurgical treatment of paralysis]. PMID- 1134424 TI - [Letter: Addition of citrate for determination of blood sedimentation]. PMID- 1134425 TI - [Letter: Evaluation of kidney function]. PMID- 1134426 TI - [Analgesic nephropathy]. AB - Analgesic nephropathy is characterized by poor clinical symptoms. Abnormal urinary findings are rare. The disease is usually discovered if advanced renal damage has occurred with elevated serum creatinine, papillary necrosis, microhematuria and renal colics. There is abundant evidence, that abuse of phenacetin leads to analgesic nephropathy. Aspirin may have only an additive effect with phenacetin in causing renal damage. The primary medullary changes caused by phenacetin or one o f its metabolites are: Interstitial fibrosis, thickening of tubular basement membrane, loss of tubular epithelium and finally destruction of the loops of Henle. The consequence of these histological changes is a loss of urinary concentrating ability, one of the earliest findings in analgesic nephropathy. Inflammatory cell infiltration and involvement of the renal cortex with corresponding functional defects are secondary. Intravenous pyelography reveals in this stage of the disease symmetrically shrunken kidneys with a smooth wavy outline, whereby in contrast to the pyelonephritic changes the prtrusions correspond with the renal calyces. Papillary necrosis with the typical "halo shacow" in the pyelogramm rarely leads to the discovery of the disease.--Cessation of phenacetin consumption is usually associated with stabilization of renal funciton in patients with serum creatinine levels below 1.5 mg percent; with elevated serum creatinine there is a slow progression of the disease.--Analgesic nephropathy may be prevented by high fluid intake and avoidance of more than 150 g phenacetin per year respectively 0.5 g per day. Coffein, a constituent of many preparations, has a protective effect only with sufficient fluid intake.--The socio-economic importance of the analgesic nephropathy is given by the fact, that in the German Federal Republic 10 percent and in Australia even 20 percent of the patients requiring recurrent dialysis suffer from analgesic nephropathy. The following measures have been found to be effective in order to reduce phenacetin abuse: 1. Preparations containing phenacetin subject to prescription. 2. No advertising in newspapers and television. 3. Detailed information about kidney damaging effect of phenacetin on each packaging. PMID- 1134428 TI - [Letter: Drugs, contraindicated in glaucoma]. PMID- 1134427 TI - [Effect of Bencyclane on regional cerebral circulation. Quantitative local measurement of cerebral circulation in healthy persons and patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency, awake or in light general anesthesia]. AB - The effect of intravenous continuous drip infusion of Bencyclan (8mg/min) on regional cerebral blood flow was investigated in 30 adult patients, using the intraarterial 133-Xe-clearance-method and a 10-detector-equipment. The application of Bencyclan in 5 persons with normal cerebral circulation entailed no significant change of rCBF. In 5 from 15 patients with cerebrovascular disease in the awake state continuous drip infusion of Bencyclan caused a decrease of global and regional cerebral blood flow with reduction of the regional flow values about 15.3 to 28.4 p.c. In 10 patients there was seen no statistical significant change of regional cerebral blood flow as compared with the flow values in the resting state. In 10 patients rCBF-examinations were performed prior and after intravenous injection of Bencyclan in a state of a very light nitrous-oxide-halothan analgesia. In all patients Bencyclan caused an overall decrease of cerebral blood flow about 8.8 p.c. to 24.3 p.c. which in 5 cases achieved statistical significance. PMID- 1134429 TI - [Letter: Pertussis vaccination]. PMID- 1134431 TI - [Regulation of autoanalyzer-systems by a processing computer]. PMID- 1134430 TI - [Letter: Sterility caused by ovulation inhibitors?]. PMID- 1134432 TI - [Antibacterial soaps. Germ-killing and deodorant effect on the skin]. PMID- 1134433 TI - [4,4-diaminodiphenylmethane, a hepato-toxic industrial substance to eliminate]. PMID- 1134434 TI - [Measurement of closing capacity as an index of the damage of the small air passages in subjects exposed to inhalation of industrial dusts and vapors]. PMID- 1134435 TI - [Harmfulness of noise: methods of analysis and comparison]. PMID- 1134436 TI - [Erythrolytic action of some metals in the blood of mammals]. PMID- 1134438 TI - [Homogenous group of workers in an epidemiologic study in industrial medicine]. PMID- 1134437 TI - [Noise dosimeter for assessment of the risk of hearing loss in the work environment]. PMID- 1134439 TI - [Significance of the electromyographic picture in lead poisoning]. PMID- 1134440 TI - [Search for the Australia antigen in the 782 workers of a pharmaceutical plant]. PMID- 1134441 TI - [Methylene-bis-o-chloroaniline (MBOCA): a new chemical carcinogen]. PMID- 1134443 TI - A review of pertinent portions of recent amendments to the Wagner Act. PMID- 1134442 TI - [Multidimensional psycho-medical research in a textile factory in northern Italy]. PMID- 1134444 TI - Legislative report 1975 Virginia General Assembly. PMID- 1134445 TI - Is flagyl dangerous? PMID- 1134446 TI - Tests for penicillin allergy. PMID- 1134447 TI - Pentagastrin. PMID- 1134448 TI - [Behavior of some spirometric indices in infantile asthma. Preliminary research]. PMID- 1134449 TI - [Benign focal EEG pictures in children and their clinical correlations]. PMID- 1134450 TI - [Prevention of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia by enzyme inducers. Effectiveness of a phenobarbital-nikethamide association]. PMID- 1134451 TI - [Case of serious mental retardation with a 46, XX, 9q12+ karyotype]. PMID- 1134452 TI - [Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. Study of dermatoglyphics and differential diagnosis]. PMID- 1134453 TI - [Study on the relationship between the chest diameter and perimeter]. PMID- 1134454 TI - [Carbohydrate metabolism, peripheral sensitivity to HGH, thyroid function and adrenal gland function in dwarfs with retarded intrauterine growth (small for gestational age)]. PMID- 1134455 TI - [Effects of oral administration of L-dopa on the secretion of plasma growth hormone in subjects of pediatric age]. PMID- 1134456 TI - [Use of a new cardioactive drug in the pediatric field]. PMID- 1134457 TI - [Favorable results of prolonged oxygen therapy in the diffused pulmonary fibrosis in infancy and in other pathological conditions with hypoxemia]. PMID- 1134458 TI - [Consumption coagulopathy in the newborn. Experimental study of the diagnostic importance of fibrin degradation products]. PMID- 1134459 TI - [Hydroxyprolinuria test. Its use for the diagnosis of pituitary dwarfism caused by peripheral resistance]. PMID- 1134460 TI - [Hereditary fructose intolerance. Presentation of a case]. PMID- 1134461 TI - [Acute alcoholic intoxication in children. Study of 52 cases]. PMID- 1134462 TI - [Do antibiotics favor the diffusion of Salmonella?]. PMID- 1134463 TI - [Auxological evaluation of newborn infants by study of weight, height and gestational age]. PMID- 1134464 TI - [Psychopedagogic function of the theater in the school age]. PMID- 1134465 TI - [Salmonellosis in 2 cases of reticuloendotheliosis]. PMID- 1134466 TI - [Current trends in the resuscitative treatment of severe bronchiolitis in infants]. PMID- 1134468 TI - [Sacro-coccygeal teratoma with exclusive pelvi-abdominal development. Description of a case]. PMID- 1134467 TI - [Clinical and neuropathological observations on a familial disease with mental retardation, myoclonus and neuronal accumulation of gangliosides]. PMID- 1134469 TI - [Blastic transformation of lymphocytes of newborn infants produced with human lymphoreticular RNA]. PMID- 1134470 TI - [Controlled evaluation, in pediatrics, of the antipyretic action of a new derivative of p-aminophenol as compared with acetylsalicylic acid]. PMID- 1134471 TI - [Phonocardiographic peculiarities in a case of infantile Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]. PMID- 1134473 TI - [Letter: Larsen's syndrome: congenital multiple dislocations with facial anomalies]. PMID- 1134472 TI - [Therapeutic trial of uridine diphosphoglucose (UDPG) in physiological hyperbilirubinemia in newborn infants]. PMID- 1134474 TI - [Pediatric implications in the intestinal absorption of xylose in rats maintained on fasting up to the loss of one-third of the body weight]. PMID- 1134475 TI - [Notes on the effect of illegitimacy on the newborn infant]. PMID- 1134476 TI - [Rheumatic score. Standard evaluation in rheumatic disease and streptococcal infections]. PMID- 1134477 TI - [Urolithiasis in infancy. Case reports. Notes on etiopathogenesis, clinical aspects, diagnosis and therapy]. PMID- 1134478 TI - [Congenital neuroblastoma]. PMID- 1134480 TI - Office radiology for the non-radiologist. PMID- 1134479 TI - [Scintiphotography in infantile urologic diseases]. PMID- 1134481 TI - Diagnostic approach to renovascular hypertension. PMID- 1134482 TI - Intussusception: facts, fallacies and practicalities. PMID- 1134483 TI - Voiding cystourethrography. Recent advances. PMID- 1134484 TI - Hodgkin's disease. Historical perspective and current radiotherapeutic management at University of Minnesota. PMID- 1134485 TI - 67-Gallium scanning. An aid in management of neoplasias, including lymphoma. PMID- 1134486 TI - Urinalysis, the invaluable laboratory-clinical profile. PMID- 1134487 TI - Relationship of coronary thrombosis to myocardial infarction. PMID- 1134489 TI - Relationship of coronary thrombosis to myocardial infarction. PMID- 1134490 TI - The input of cellular electrophysiology into practice of clinical electrocardiography. PMID- 1134491 TI - Save time with client aid literature. PMID- 1134492 TI - Veterinary medicine in China: a blend of art and science. PMID- 1134493 TI - Metaldehyde poisoning in three horses. AB - Three horses exhibited nervous and cardiopulmonary signs after ingestins small amounts of metaldehyde, and 2 died in 3 to 5 hours. A colt given 0.1 mg/kg was similarly affected and died. PMID- 1134495 TI - The neophyte's nag. PMID- 1134494 TI - Tracheal rupture in a dog. PMID- 1134496 TI - Human/dog consultations (a new field going everywhere). PMID- 1134499 TI - The steady state activity of succinate dehydrogenase in the presence of opposing effectors. 1. The effect of L malate and CoQH2 on the enzymic activity. AB - Succinate dehydrogenase is subjected to positive and negative modulation. The negative modulators oxaloacetate and D- or L-malate transform the enzyme into a nonactive complex in which oxaloacetate is bound. The deactivation by malate involves its oxidation by the succinate dehydrogenase which then deactivates the enzyme. In the present study we measured the activity of succinate dehydrogenase in the presence of two opposing effectors,L-malate as deactivator and CoQH2 as an activator. With these opposingeffectors present, the catalytic activity of succinate dehydrogenase assumes a steady state, the level of which is a function of the concentration of the two effectors. At lowconcentration of L-malate all of the succinate dehydrogenase activity is protected by CoQH2, while at saturating malate concentrations only 60-70% of activity is protected. Kinetic analysis of the approach to the steady state indicates that the protective effect of CoQH2 is not due to its activator property but due to its ability ofreduce the enzyme. This was verified by carrying out a radox titration of succinatedehydrogenase activity in the presence of L-malate. A redox active component was characterized with E = +25 mV and n = 1.8. When this component is reduced, L-malate cannot deactivate the succinate dehydrogenase, but when in the oxidized state the enzyme is susceptible to such deactivation. It is proposed that this group participates in the regulation of the activity of succinate dehydrogenase in the mitochondria. PMID- 1134498 TI - Nondenaturational structural transitions of proteins and biological membranes. PMID- 1134497 TI - Aspects of long-chain acyl-COA metabolism. AB - 1. Long-chain acid: CoA ligase (AMP-forming) (trivial name acyl-CoA synthetase; EC 6.2.1.3) is located at the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum and the outer membrane of the mitochondria. The latter membrane has by far the highest specific activity. 2. GTP-dependent synthesis of acyl-CoA has a very low activity in liver mitochondria (about 5% of the activity measured with ATP). CTP, ITP, UTP and GTP may all provide energy for fatty acid activation in sonicated mitochondria by formation of ATP from endogenous ADP and AMP. 3. In rat liver palmitoyl-CoA: L-carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (trivial name carnitine palmitoyltransferase; EC 2.3.1.21) is located at the microsomal membranes and in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. Its activity is increased, in both membranes, during fasting and in thyroxine-treated rats. The extramitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase may capture part of the acyl CoA formed at the endoplasmic reticulum as acyl-carnitine, especially during fasting and other metabolic conditions of high fatty acid turnover. This transport form of activated fatty acid can penetrate the inner mitochondrial membrane (the acyl-CoA barrier) where it can be reconverted to acyl-CoA, providing the substrate for beta-oxidation in the inner membrane-matrix compartment. The small part of the mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase, described to be present at the external surface of the mitochondrial inner membrane, may have the same function in the transport of acyl-CoA formed at the mitochondrial outer membrane. 4. Isolated rat liver mitochondria can oxidize high concentrations of palmitate or oleate in the absence of carnitine. In this case the fatty acids are activated in the inner membrane-matrix compartment of the mitochondria, probably by a medium chain acyl-CoA synthetase with wide substrate specificity. Because this enzyme is less active in heart and absent in skeletal muscle, these tissues oxidize long chain fatty acids in an obligatory carnitine-dependent fashion. Also the liver oxidizes long-chain fatty acids in a carnitine-dependent way if lower fatty acid concentrations are used. In this tissue carnitine stimulates specifically the partial oxidation of fatty acids to beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate. 5. The activities of acyl-CoA: sn-glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase (trivial name glycerophosphate acyltransferase; EC 2.3.1.15) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase change in opposite directions during fasting. These activity changes, together with the measured kinetic properties of the enzymes in mitochondria and microsomes, allow a switch (relatively) from lipid synthesis to ketogenesis during fasting. This switch may occur at the level of long-chain acyl-CoA both in the endoplasmic reticulum and in the mitochondria. PMID- 1134500 TI - The uptake of glucose and gluconate by Pseudomonas putida. AB - The uptake of glucose and gluconate is under inductive control in Pseudomonas putida. Glucose, gluconate, and 2-ketogluconate were each good nutritional inducers of these transport abilities. Glucose and gluconate uptake obeyed saturation kinetics: the apparent Km for glucose was 6 mM and that for gluconate was 0.5 mM. Therefore, transport of both substrates appears to be mediated by enzyme-like carriers. Glucose and gluconate are parallel inhibitors for their uptake9 Strains selected for their inability totransport glucose were found to be deficient in gluconate uptake. The reverse was alsotrue: mutations affecting gluconate entry also blocked the uptake of glucose. These results demonstrate that a common carrier is involved in the uptake of both glucose and gluconate by P. putida cells. PMID- 1134501 TI - [Indications for conservative treatment of lower-leg fractures]. PMID- 1134502 TI - [Capacity of intramedullary nailing in transitional fractures of the lower leg]. PMID- 1134503 TI - [Bone scintigraphic examinations in fractures of the lower leg]. PMID- 1134505 TI - [Plate-osteosynthesis in fractures of the forearm and pseudoarthroses]. PMID- 1134504 TI - [Vascular variety--wire circling using Goetze's method--ischemia. Contribution on reduction of the surgical risk]. PMID- 1134507 TI - X-ray and UV-induced chromatid aberrations: evidence for polynemic chromosomes? AB - Ikushima and Wolff have recently interpreted both their observation of chromatid aberrations in second and third mitoses following X-irradiation and the production of chromatid type chromosomal aberrations by UV light administered during the G1 phase of the cell cycle in terms of a polyneme model of eukaryote chromosome structure. They were led to do so, however, largely because of their X ray data, which the interpreted as evidence for the induction of sub-chromosomal lesions (by G1 irradiation; sub-chromatid for G2 irradiation) which appear as chromatid type aberrations only in later divisions. We here report data from similar X-ray experiments in which synchronized Chinese hamster tissue culture cells were irradiated in either G1 or G2 and then scored for chromatid aberrations in their first, second and third post-irradiation mitoses. Our results do not show the effect reported by Ikushima and Wolff. We conclude that all of the data available of aberration production is compatible with a simple mononeme model of eukaryote chromosome structure. PMID- 1134506 TI - Mutations induced by X-radiation in the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. AB - Experiments on strains of yeast with different genetic backgrounds were done to evaluate the kinetics of inactivation and mutation induction by X-radiations. A system of forward mutation induction in five loci was used as a specific mutation rate of 0.14-10-minus 8 times locus times rad was evaluated for the wild type. From a comparison of observations with wild type and radiation-sensitive strains, it may be assumed that, in this yeast, mutations are mainly the result of a repair-active process. The range of genotypic and phenotypic influence upon the specific locus mutation rate was evaluated with appropriate biological material and experiments. PMID- 1134508 TI - Does repair or stage sensitivity determine the shape of time-effect curves in radiation mutagenesis? AB - Seedlings of Crepis capillaris were irradiated after pulse-labelling with tritiated thymidine ([3-H]TdR), and both chromosomal aberrations and presence of silver grains were recorded in the same metaphase cells at various intervals throughout the whole mitotic cycle. The following results were obtained: (a) irradiated roots were homogeneous with respect to the number of aberrations, and heterogenous with respect to labelling index (LI); (b) time--effect curves for labelled (L) and unlabelled (U) cells showed no significant difference from one another; (c) no significant quantitative difference of aberration spectra produced in S and G2 stages was found. These results support the view that the major factor which determines both quantitative and qualitative variation in the production of chromosomal aberrations by radiation is the time lapse between irradiation and fixation rather than relation of the time of irradiation to the time of DNA synthesis. In addition, it was found that labelling with [3-H]TdR modifies the effect of radiation on chromosomes. PMID- 1134509 TI - Mutations to azaguanine resistance induced in cultured diploid human fibroblasts by the carcinogen, N-acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene. AB - The ability of the carcinogen, N-acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene (N-AcO-AAF), to induce mutations to azaguanine resistance in diploid human cells was quantitatively investigated and shown to be dose-dependent. The 8-azaguanine (AG) resistance was shown to be heritable in the absence of mutagen or selective agent and the cells of the mutant clones were shown to retain normal sensitivity to N AcO-AFF. PMID- 1134510 TI - Ploidy level and mutation to hypoxanthine-guanine-phosphoribosyl-transferase (HGPRT) deficiency in Chinese hamster cells. AB - The X-ray induction of 8-azaguanine (AG) resistent mutants in two sets of diploid and tetraploid Chinese hamster cells (DON and V79) was investigated. It was found that (i) the induced mutant frequencies in diploid and tetraploid cells appeared to be of the same order of magnitude and (ii) all mutants showed almost complete loss of hypoxanthine-guanine-phosphoribosyl-transferase (HGPRT) activity except that in the tetraploid V79 cells 50--100% of activity was retained. The gene- dosage effect for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) in these cells make it possible to determine the number of chromosomes bearing the HGPRT-gene in mutants by measuring the G6PD activity per cell. The results show that the spontaneous and induced mutants from the diploid V79 and DON as well as the tetraploid DON cells retained the G6PD activity of the parental cells, whereas the induced mutants from the tetraploid V79 cells had about 35% of the parental G6PD activity. With 6-thioguanine (TG) as selective agent, the induced mutant frequencies in diploid and tetraploid DON cells and in diploid V79 cells appeared to be of the same order of magnitude but no mutants could be recovered from tetraploid V79 cells in a single step. TG-resistant tetraploid V79 cells could only be obtained from the AG-resistant mutants after a second selection. The HGPRT activity was lost in these mutants and some of them showed an increase in G6PD activity. The combined data cannot be explained on the basis of a single genetic mechanism. PMID- 1134511 TI - Radiation-sensitive pyrimidine auxotrophs of Ustilago maydis. I. Isolation and characterization of mutants. AB - The relationship between UV sensitivity and pyrimidine auxotrophy has been examined. Fourteen pyrimidine-requiring mutants have been classified on the basis of genetic complementation and utilization of biosynthetic intermediates and have been assigned to at least four loci. All the mutants studied were sensitive to UV, although the degree of sensitivity varied both between loci and amongst alleles at the same locus. A double mutant strain carrying pyrimidine mutants at two loci was only as sensitive to UV as the more sensitive of the singles. This suggests that both mutants are deficient in the same repair mechanism. Suppressor mutations which restored endogenous pyrimidine biosynthesis were isolated. These suppressors restored UV resistance in the presence of the original mutation. The results indicate that the UV sensitivity of these mutants is a direct result of pyrimidine auxotrophy and not to any secondary properties of the mutants. PMID- 1134512 TI - Radiation-sensitive pyrimidine auxotrophs of Ustilago maydis. II. A study of repair mechanisms and UV recovery in pyr I. AB - Two mutants at the pyr I locus have been used to study the radiation sensitivity of pyrimidine auxotrophs of U. maydis. The mutant pry I-I has a reduced level of thymidine nucleotides, and this is a likely basis of the sensitivity. This strain is able to excise pyrimidine dimers from its DNA and is cross-sensitive to gamma rays and nitrosoguanidine (NG) as well as to UV. A diploid heteroallelic at the pyr I locus was UV-sensitive but not deficient in UV-induced mitotic recombination. The results suggest that the UV sensitivity may be due to the failure of a repair DNA polymerase to fill post-excision single-strand gaps in the DNA. The mutant pyr I-I exhibits the property of UV recovery, and this is shown to be dependent on the presence of dimers in the DNA. A mechanism for UV recovery is proposed in which a repair system, possibly involving recombination, is induced by the UV irradiation. PMID- 1134514 TI - Cytogenetic study on individuals occupationally exposed to DDT. AB - Workers from three insecticide plants in direct contact with 2,2-bis (beta chlorophenyl)-I,I,I,-trichloroethane (DDT) did not differ significantly in the frequencies of cells with chromosomal aberrations when compared with controls from the same plants but not in direct contact with the drug. The same was true when a group of workers from one plant was compared with a control group from the Instituto Butantan, with no history of occupational exposure to DDT. Yet, when the control group from one of the three plants, which showed high DDT plasmic levels, was added to the group in direct contact with the insecticide, the frequency of cells with chromatid aberrations was significantly higher, suggesting that DDT causes chromatid lesions. A positive correlation was found between DDT levels and times of exposure, but being in direct or indirect contact with DDT was not always correlated with the degree of contamination. PMID- 1134513 TI - 6-mercaptopurine, an inducer of cytogenetic and dominant-lethal effects in premeiotic and early meiotic germ cells of male mice. AB - Dominant-lethal effects of 6-mercaptopurine on male mice were studied using eight doses, ranging from 150 to 482 mg/kg. Effects of the 150-mg/kg dose were studied over the entire spermatogenic cycle, and those of the higher doses for matings made between days 28.5 and 41.5 after treatment. It was found that, with low doses, there was only one period in which clearcut increases in induced dominant lethal mutations were detected, namely in matings that occurred 32.5 to 35.5 days after treatment. With higher doses, effects could be detected beyond that period through day 39.5. Spermatozoa utilized for matings during the period of greatest response were presumably derived from germ cells that were in late differentiating spermatogonial and early meiotic spermatocyte stages at the time of treatment. These results are similar to those of Ray and Hyneck. To date, 6 mercaptopurine is unique in inducing dominant lethality only at these particular stages. A study of chromatid aberration induction in the treated males themselves was carried out for 150 and 250 mg/kg doses of 6-mercaptopurine over the period of 9 to 16 days after treatment. A considerable increase in ischromatid and chromatid deletions was observed in diakinesis-metaphase-I spermatocytes on days 14 and 15 after treatment. For reasons discussed, the cells sampled at this may be assumed to have been in early meiosis (preleptotene), with some in late differentiating spermatogonial stages, at the time of treatment. The rough agreement in sensitive cell type for dominant lethality and chromatid aberration induction suggests that chromatid deletions are the cause of dominant lethality in this study. Conservative estimates of the frequency of dominant lethality expected from the chromatid aberration frequencies tend to substantiate this suggestion. PMID- 1134515 TI - Mutagenic activity of trimethylphosphate in Drosophila at low doses. PMID- 1134516 TI - [4-Bromphenylisothiocyanate in the sick (trichophytic) skin of the guinea pig: I. Its resorption, extraction and topographic distribution following local administration on the dermatophyte, Trichophyton mentagrophytes var.gran. infected skin of the guinea pig]. PMID- 1134517 TI - Assessing the hemodynamic severity of acute aortic regurgitation due to infective endocarditis. AB - Nine patients who underwent aortic-valve replacement for acute aortic regurgitation due to infective endocarditis were studied for clinical features that may be useful in assessing the severity of this condition. The traditional physical signs of a wide pulse pressure were absent. As compared to a group of patients with chronic aortic regurgitation, the mean (plus or minus S.D.) pulse pressure (55 plus or minus 7 vs. 105 plus or minus 22 mm Hg), left ventricular end diastolic volume (146 plus or minus 28 vs. 264 plus or minus 64 ml per square meter) and stroke volume (89 plus or minus 22 vs. 163 plus or minus 57 ml per square meter) were significantly smaller in the acute group (P less than 0.01). Left ventricular pressure exceeded left atrial pressure in late diastole, causing premature closure of the mitral valve, and the degree of early closure reflected the increase in left ventricular end diastolic pressure. Premature closure of the mitral valve was demonstrated by echocardiography in all patients. Those with echocardiographic signs of very early mitral-valve closure have severely volume overloaded ventricles and are candidates for early valve replacement. PMID- 1134518 TI - A comparison of effectiveness of screening for phenylketonuria in the United States, United Kingdom and Ireland. AB - A study of the effectiveness of screening for phenylketonuria in the United Kingdom, Ireland, and the United States indicated that the diagnosis is more likely to be missed in the latter two countries because of the earlier age at which infants are screened. Furthermore, in the United States, diagnosis and treatment are delayed as compared with Ireland and the United Kingdom. Because test most commonly used to detect phenylketonuria is identical in all three countries, the differences in effectiveness are attributable to the way in which it is applied. In the United Kingdom, personnel and facilities have clearly defined roles and responsibilities. There is co-ordination between in-hospital and extra-hospital health care, and follow-up care of young infants in the community is assured. Greater effectiveness of screening in the United States will require a more rational organization of health services. PMID- 1134519 TI - Trends in survival rates of patients with cancer. AB - Reports on survival of patients with cancer issued by the National Cancer Institute indicate marked improvement for almost all forms of cancer from the 1940's to 1950's. Subsequently, prognosis for patients with forms of cancer accounting for approximately 42 per cent of all cancers continued to improve, although at a slower rate. For cancers of the lung, colon, rectum, stomach and pancreas, little improvement in patient survival during the 1960's was observed, and for women with invasive cervical cancer, survival rates decreased slightly. One-year survival results for patients with diagnoses made during 1970-71 suggest that improvement in five-year survival observed during the 1960's for many forms of cancer will be sustained. Continued reporting of survival of patients treated in the 1970's would ultimately demonstrate the degree of effectiveness of recently introduced therapeutic procedures. PMID- 1134520 TI - Editorial: CEA-S-a more specific CEA? PMID- 1134522 TI - Letter: Urinary muramidase in hairy-cell leukemia. PMID- 1134521 TI - Letter: Hairy cells in hematologic disorders. PMID- 1134523 TI - Letter: Sensitivity to colchicine as a test for leukemic lymphocytes. PMID- 1134524 TI - Letter: Fanconi's anemia in offspring of patient with congenital radial and carpal hypoplasia. PMID- 1134525 TI - Letter: Choline for tardive dyskinesia. PMID- 1134526 TI - Letter: Management of septic abortion. PMID- 1134527 TI - Letter: Reactions to adhesive tattoos in children. PMID- 1134528 TI - Letter: Suppression of herpetic recurrence by chlorpromazine. PMID- 1134530 TI - Family medicine in perspective. AB - Family medicine is part of the process by which medicine adjusts itself to the changing needs of society. Family physicians have in common the fact that they obtain fulfillment from personal relations more than from the technical aspects of medicine. Their commitment is to a group of people more than to a body of knowledge. Their experience gives them a distinctive perspective of illness that includes its personal and social context. Medical knowledge includes information, skill and insight. Medical education has tended to emphasize the former: to concentrate on foreground rather than background. In the training of family physicians the education setting and the role of instructors are of crucial importance. PMID- 1134531 TI - Hyperbaric oxygenation in the treatment of hemodialysis-associated air embolism. PMID- 1134532 TI - Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological exercises. Case 29-1975. PMID- 1134533 TI - Editorial: Oral contraceptives and myocardial infarction. PMID- 1134535 TI - Letter: Risk to contacts of a medical practitioner carrying HBs AG. PMID- 1134534 TI - Editorial: Hypertension on: a "curriculum book". PMID- 1134536 TI - Letter: Congenital rubella and autistic behavior. PMID- 1134537 TI - Letter: Cancer treatment needs better antiemetics. PMID- 1134538 TI - Letter: Cause of acanthosis nigricans. PMID- 1134539 TI - Letter: Pain, paresthesia and parkinsonism. PMID- 1134540 TI - Letter: Adequate records for vaccination. PMID- 1134541 TI - Letter: Neurotoxic reaction to haloperidol in a thyrotoxic patient. PMID- 1134542 TI - Letter: Ventilatory depression after morphine. PMID- 1134544 TI - Letter: Southeast Asian refugees and malaria. PMID- 1134543 TI - Letter: Male-sex-organ function in drug users. PMID- 1134545 TI - Letter: Different but equal medical practice. PMID- 1134546 TI - Letter: Assessing the national cancer program. PMID- 1134547 TI - Letter: Minority students. PMID- 1134548 TI - Medicine and Public Affairs. Straight talk at the President's Biomedical Panel. PMID- 1134549 TI - Moth repellent products. PMID- 1134550 TI - Structure of chicken muscle triose phosphate isomerase determined crystallographically at 2.5 angstrom resolution using amino acid sequence data. PMID- 1134551 TI - Control of compartment development by the engrailed gene in Drosophila. PMID- 1134552 TI - Medical radionuclides in marine environment. PMID- 1134553 TI - Structure of phenolic metabolites of p,p'-DDE in rat, wild seal and guillemot. PMID- 1134554 TI - Mating-induced behavioural switch in female fireflies. PMID- 1134555 TI - Inhibitory effect of external sodium ions on the potassium pump in striated muscle. PMID- 1134556 TI - Possible pathway for formation of fibrin degradation products during ancrod therapy. PMID- 1134557 TI - Partially single-stranded form of free Moloney viral DNA. PMID- 1134558 TI - Induction of a carcinogenic oncornavirus in C57BL/6 mouse embryo cells by 5 iododeoxyuridine. PMID- 1134559 TI - Enzyme thermostability is a transformable property between Bacillus spp. PMID- 1134560 TI - Detection of informational complementarity in an amino acid sequence. PMID- 1134561 TI - Letter: Enhanced translational motion of Leptospira in viscous environments. PMID- 1134562 TI - Letter: Function of cochlear hair cells. PMID- 1134563 TI - Non-Darwinian "evolution" and biological progress. PMID- 1134564 TI - Comparative effects of atmospheric pollution and cigarette smoking on carboxyhaemoglobin levels in man. PMID- 1134565 TI - Chromosome size differences in Phytophthora palmivora, a pathogen of cocoa. PMID- 1134566 TI - Direct magnetic separation of red cells from whole blood. PMID- 1134567 TI - Effect of cholesterol on the non-electrolyte permeability of planar lecithin membranes. PMID- 1134568 TI - Sodium transport and lithium movements across the insect blood-brain barrier. PMID- 1134569 TI - Limit of fish swimming speed. PMID- 1134570 TI - Moulting hormone production in the isolated larval abdomen of the Colorado beetle. PMID- 1134571 TI - Increased neural lobe content of neurophysins in rats treated with exogenous vasopressin. PMID- 1134572 TI - Reassembly of a spherical virus in mild conditions. PMID- 1134573 TI - Acquisition of tumour-inducing ability by non-oncogenic agrobacteria as a result of plasmid transfer. PMID- 1134574 TI - Homology of protein structures: proteinase inhibitors. PMID- 1134575 TI - Possible mechanisms of corona discharge involved in biogenesis. PMID- 1134576 TI - Heavy metal release from plants into the atmosphere. PMID- 1134577 TI - Conditioned bardycardia in the sea lion Zalophus californianus. PMID- 1134578 TI - Inversion heterozygosity and the origin of XO daughters of Bpa/+female mice. PMID- 1134579 TI - Specific basophil hypersensitivity induced by skin testing and transferred using immune serum. PMID- 1134580 TI - Dependence of the contractile activation of skinned cardiac cells on the sarcomere length. PMID- 1134581 TI - Morphine antagonises prostaglandin E1- mediated inhibition of human platelet aggregation. PMID- 1134582 TI - 2-Hydroxy-oestradiol-17 beta as a possible link in steroid brain interaction. PMID- 1134583 TI - Amino acid synthesis through biogenetic-type CO2 fixation. PMID- 1134584 TI - Seasonal rhythm in plasma testosterone and luteinising hormone of the male laboratory rat. PMID- 1134585 TI - An approach to amino acid sequence analysis of transplantation antigens. PMID- 1134586 TI - Stable large variant of 5S RNA in Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum. PMID- 1134587 TI - Role of light and rhodopsin phosphorylation in control of permeability of retinal rod outer segment disks to Ca2plus. PMID- 1134588 TI - Solving chemical problems with pattern recognition. AB - Pattern Recognition is becoming established as a general data analysis tool which has widespread applications in chemistry. Whenever something must be learned from objects (elements, compounds, and mixtures) and a chemical/physical theory has not been sufficiently developed, pattern recognition may provide a solution. Materials production problems, screening applications, source identification and structure analysis are important areas of current interest. It is expected that many more areas of application will open up in the years to come. In short, the "educated guess" is being supported by the computer; at least that is our educated guess. PMID- 1134589 TI - [Allergy to house-dust as a model of nonspecific hypersensitivity]. AB - A general survey is given of the chemistry and properties of the allergens causing bronchial asthma, eczema, and hay fever in "atopic" patients. The carrier molecules of, for example, the ubiquitous house-dust allergens are chemically unrelated structurally, though various allergens incorporate common structural sites of lysine--sugar conjugation. These sites probably activate a multi-enzyme system mediating allergic reactions and involving components of human complement. This process is non-immunological; the proposal is made that this mediator system is intrinsically more sensitive to nonspecific stimulation in allergic persons. PMID- 1134590 TI - Ammirin, a new coumarin constituent from Ammi majus L. fruits. Natural coumarins, part XVI. PMID- 1134591 TI - Alloimperatorin from Ammi majus fruits. Natural coumarins, part XX. PMID- 1134592 TI - Transplanted eyes of dipterans. PMID- 1134593 TI - Chloramphenicol-induced giant hepatic mitochondria. PMID- 1134594 TI - [Radiation sensitization of tumor cells by microwaves--end of the oxygen problem]. PMID- 1134595 TI - [A daughter turns mother. Symbiotic aspects of puerperal psychosis]. PMID- 1134596 TI - [Electrocardiographic findings in 791 young men between 15 and 23 years. I. Arrhythmias and conduction disorders]. PMID- 1134597 TI - [Cesarean section in the Netherlands; occurrence, maternal and perinatal mortality]. PMID- 1134598 TI - [Shortness of breath at unseasonable times]. PMID- 1134599 TI - [Cluster headache]. PMID- 1134600 TI - [Dysplasia and carcinoma in situ of the cervix uteri]. PMID- 1134601 TI - [ The future of the National Health service in the United Kingdom]. PMID- 1134602 TI - Cancer genetics, genetic counseling, and cancer control. PMID- 1134603 TI - The clinical laboratory in the diagnosis of liver disease. PMID- 1134604 TI - Pesticide poisoning in children: A review from children's Memorial Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska from 1960-1973. Part I. PMID- 1134605 TI - The Nebraska approach to quality medical education. PMID- 1134606 TI - An effective application of U-5897 to the control of established, Feral rats. Part I. PMID- 1134607 TI - Cancer genetics, genetic counseling, and cancer control. Part II. PMID- 1134608 TI - Pesticide poisoning in children: a review from Children's Memorial Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska from 1960-1973. part ii. PMID- 1134609 TI - Would hypertension screening benefit patients? PMID- 1134610 TI - Professional liability insurance crossroads crisis. PMID- 1134611 TI - Analytical characterization of urinary proteins by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in renal disease. Clinical and histopathological correlations. AB - Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is a method allowing the separation of proteins according to their molecular sizes. For this reason this method is rather useful for the classification of proteinurias as tubular, glomerular, or mixed. In the present study a good correlation was observed between the results of urine electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel and both clinical and histopathological data from 32 patients with different forms of renal disease. PMID- 1134612 TI - Excretion urography toxicity studies in experimental acute renal failure. AB - Studies have been carried out on the toxicity of large doses of contrast medium (Hypaque 45%) given to rats with acute renal failure induced both by mercuric chloride and by glycerol. No increase in the expected mortality of the experimental models was observed following infusion of twice the maximum clinical dose of contrast medium. PMID- 1134613 TI - Hypocalcemic tetany due to sodium phosphate ingestion in acute renal failure. AB - The ingestion of a sodium phosphate laxative preparation (Phosphosoda, Fleed) in a patient who had acute renal failure resulted in hypocalcemic tetany primarily due to severe hyperphosphatemia. Hypernatremia and a marked anion gap were present and attributable in part to the sodium phosphate ingestion of this preparation in the presence of renal failure. PMID- 1134614 TI - Sodium and water retention in experimental glomerulonephritis. The urinary natriuretic material. AB - A material with a molecular weight comprised between 10,000 and 50,000 has been extracted from the urine of normal and glomerulonephritic (GN) rats submitted to high or normal salt diet. When injected into the renal arteries of normal rats, the material isolated from the urine of normal salt-loaded rats induced a significant natriuresis; on the contrary, the material isolated from GN rats or from normal non-salt-loaded rats induced only a slight natriuresis which did not exceed control values. Injection of natriuretic material in GN rats did not induce any significant natriuresis. The results demonstrate the presence of a natriuretic material in the urine of salt-loaded normal rats; this material is absent in the urine of GN animals; moreover, they demonstrate that the sodium retention by the GN kidney is due to the inability of this organ to respond to the determinants of saline natriuresis such as natriuretic factor(s) as well as non specific changes in blood composition, i.e. blood dilution. Several possibilities could be deduced from these results: a natriuretic material of extrarenal origin could be inactive on the GN kidney which could destroy it; natriuretic material of renal origin could disappear during experimental glomerulonephritis and be absent in the urine of these animals. PMID- 1134615 TI - Effects of renal nerves on renal hemodynamics. II. Renal denervation models. AB - The effect of acute renal denervation on renal blood flow (RBF) and intrarenal distribution of blood flow (microsphere method) was studied in dogs using three standard denervation models. Surgical denervation, by stripping renal vascular nerves and autoperfusing the kidney through a large bore plastic catheter, caused RBF and glomerular filtration rate to decrease. Also, intrarenal distribution of blood flow became asymmetric, that is, perfusion changes in the two halves of the kidney were not similar. Denervation by stripping away the neural tissue and infiltrating the hilum with 0.5% procaine and 50% ethanol produced no adverse effects on RBF, but distributional changes were asymmetric. Denervation by this method was probably incomplete as evidenced by decreased RBF following bilateral carotid occlusion. Intrarenal arterial infusion of 10 mug/kg/min phenoxybenzamine caused renal perfusion to change asymmetrically and did not abolish the decrease in RBF normally seen following nerve stimulation. Present results demonstrate denervation studies must be interpreted cautiously; because the denervation model may cause renal damage and asymmetric perfusion, and denervation may not be complete. PMID- 1134616 TI - A new end-to-end anastomosis formed without sutures for haemodialysis arteriovenous fistulas. AB - Carrying out vascular sutures is often a serious trouble during the surgical preparation of arteriovenous fistulas for haemodialysis. A new technique is suggested to perform an end-to-end anastomosis by inserting the artery 5-6 mm into the vein and then cementing the vessels by means of a cyanoacrilic tissue adhesive. The duration of the surgical procedure is reduced to half and this technique is much more simple than the usual ones. In 6 patients thus treated no troubles could be found either immediately or afterwards. PMID- 1134617 TI - Dynamic, temperature-sensitive association of 125-i-nerve growth factor in vitro with ganglionic and non-ganglionic cells from embryonic chick. AB - 125-I-NGF was found to associate with embryonic chick dorsal root ganglia (DRG) through two processes. A time-saturable process included the binding of NGF to surface receptors with an apparent affinity constant in the range of 10(-7)M minus 1 and at a level of 4 f moles/mug tissue protein. The second process was time-linear, temperature-sensitive, and included both bound and non-competable NGF. While metabolic inhibitors had little effect, histone and insulin considerably increased the uptake. A comparison of 125-I-NGF and 125-I-peroxidase uptake suggested that the time-linear uptake of 125-I-NGF must include only bound NGF and incubation medium. Sequestration of the proteins taken up was indicated by the lack of release of radiolabeled material at 4 degrees C, even in the presence of native proteins. All these characteristics are consistent with an interpretation that DRG cells can take up NGF and other proteins by a pinocytotic process. Similar NGF binding and uptake properties were found to occur in cells from a variety of other embryonic chick tissues. PMID- 1134618 TI - Increased activity of choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase in developing cultures of chick spinal cord: a correlation with morphological development. AB - Explants of 10-12-day-old embryonic chick spinal cord were cultured for up to 20 days by the "coverslip-roller" method. Morphological development of neurons as shown by the presence of mature neurons, myelinated axons and synaptic structures, was demonstrated by light and electron microscopy. Two important enzymes associated with acetylcholine transmitter metabolism, choline acetyltransferase (ChAc) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), were assayed in cultures at selected time intervals. The activity of ChAc and AChE exhibited an increase of 60 per cent and 80 per cent, respectively, over a 20-day period. It is concluded that organotypic cultures of embryonic chick spinal cord show differentiation not only in morphological aspects, but also in biochemical terms through progressive development of ChAc and AChE. PMID- 1134619 TI - Scanning electron microscope observations of the outgrowth from embryonic chick dorsal root ganglia in culture. AB - Cultures of chick dorsal root ganglia were examined with the scanning electron microscope. Fibroblasts, Schwann cells and neurites with their characteristic terminal filamentous growth cones were identified and their surface ultrastructure and inter-relationships described. Although exploratory filopodia of nerve growth cones were observed to pass both over and underneath the edges of wandering fibroblasts present at the periphery of the outgrowth, it was noted that the nerve bundles ultimately came to overlie sheets of fibroblasts. The neurites appeared generally bare along their lengths but were sometimes attached to the substrate or underlying fibroblastic sheet by small lateral projections. Some Schwann cells were observed to migrate freely between the neurites whilst others appeared to have wrapped around the nerve bundles in a manner suggestive of early myelination. PMID- 1134620 TI - Effect of L-dopa on plasma TSH levels in primary hypothyroidism. AB - Plasma TSH responses after an i.v. injection of 100 mg of L-dopa were evaluated by radioimmunoassay in 4 normal euthyroid subjects and in 8 patients with primary hypothyroidism. In agreement with previous results, no variations to plasma TSH levels were observed in the euthyroid subjects. In contrast, in primary hypothyroidism L-dopa induced a biphasic response in plasma TSH. In fact, we observed a transitory increase witha maximum at 30 min (mean plus or minus SEM equals 54 plus or minus 18%) followed by a decrease reading a minimum level of plasma TSH basal values at 90 min (mean plus or minus SEM equals 15 plus or minus 6%). Thesefindings demonstrate that the plasma TSH response to L-dopa in primary hypothyroidism is time-dependent . Some speculation on the possible mechanism of this action is presented. PMID- 1134621 TI - Further evidence of a central alpha-adrenergic inhibitory influence on the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in the rat. AB - It has previously been shown that stimulation of an adrenergic system in the central nervous system (CNS) will depress the increase in plasma corticosterone (B) following surgical stress. Two aspects of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal function, namely adrenal compensatory hypertrophy (ACH) and plasma B response to ether stress, were studied to determine the influence of this adrenergic component. Phenoxybenzamine, an gamma-adrenergic blocking agent, chronically implanted into the lateral ventricle produced an augmented response to ether stress, whereas norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), and propranolol did not. The augmented response was similar to that observed following the daily administration of reserpine (0.25 mg/kg, s.c.). The response to this dose of reserpine was blocked by the simultaneous administration of a low dose of dexamethasone (14 mu-g/kg, s.c.). Augmentation of the stress response was not produced by larger doses of reserpine but did occur with lower doses. The effects of the treatments on ACH were not consistent with those observed on the stress response, suggesting that different mechanisms are involved. The data support the concept of an gamma-adrenergic component in the CNS which serves to inhibit the plasma B stress response. PMID- 1134622 TI - Multiple unit activity patterns of neuronal populations in gonadotropic areas of the quail hypothalamus: spontaneous and photically-induced firing. AB - Multiple-unit activity (MUA) was obtained from neuronal pools in the gonadotropic hypothalamus of quails. A special device allowed for exploration of various hypothalamic structures in unanesthetized birds. All recording sessions were made in the dark. Spontaneous and flash light-evoked MUAs were recorded from both tuberal and dorsal gonadotropic areas, either in the morning or in the afternoon, and were compared to extragonadotropic firing patterns. Firing rates (spikes/10 sec) and integrated MUA (200 addresses) provided distinctive spontaneous neuronal activities for various cell clusters. These spontaneous salient features appeared to be changeable throughout the photoperiod. Flash stimulations resulted in a marked increase in MUA recorded from the gonadotropic regions of the hypothalamus. PMID- 1134623 TI - Further studies on ammonia formation in brain slices: the effect of hadacidin. PMID- 1134624 TI - The action of papaverine on antidromic activity in isolated nerve-muscle preparation of the rat. PMID- 1134625 TI - Homovanillic acid concentration in rat brain: effect of a choline acetyltransferase inhibitor and comparison with cholinergic and dopaminergic agents. PMID- 1134626 TI - Role of central dopaminergic mechanisms in piribedil and clonidine induced hypothermia in the rat. PMID- 1134627 TI - Central noradrenergic mechanisms and the cardiovascular effects of intracerebroventricular (+)- and (-)-propranolol in the conscious rabbit. PMID- 1134628 TI - Accumulation of methadone by the choroid plexus in vitro. PMID- 1134629 TI - [Long-term results in the installation of heart valve prostheses. Report on surgical cases. Immediate and long-term mortality]. PMID- 1134630 TI - [Clinical and electrocardiographic assessment of patients with heart valve prostheses]. PMID- 1134631 TI - [Phonomechanographic data in subjects with valve prosthesis and their clinical correlations]. PMID- 1134632 TI - [Long-term results of the installation of heart valve prostheses. Radiological findings]. PMID- 1134633 TI - [Pulmonary perfusion scintigraphy in patients with heart valve phostheses]. PMID- 1134634 TI - [Intravascular hemolysis induced by physical exercise in subjects with disk valve prosthesis]. PMID- 1134635 TI - [Acceleration carotidgram. Its correlations with cardiac dynamics]. PMID- 1134636 TI - [Some notes on morphology of the acceleration carotidogram in patients with heart valve prosthesis]. PMID- 1134637 TI - [Psychologic and psychiatric aspects in patients with heart valve prosthesis]. PMID- 1134638 TI - [Acute poisoning caused by aniline. General aspects and a clinical case]. PMID- 1134639 TI - [Lysine acetylsalicylate as an analgesic additive in ketamine anesthesia]. PMID- 1134640 TI - [Intramuscular Ketalar in pediatric adenotonsillectomy]. PMID- 1134641 TI - [Clinico-therapeutic considerations on a case of malignant hyperthermia during a course of anesthesia]. PMID- 1134642 TI - [Use of a high-titre adrenal cortex preparation in gynecologic surgery]. PMID- 1134643 TI - [Fasciculation due to succinylcholine. Comparative statistical study between barbiturates and ketamine]. PMID- 1134644 TI - [Consumption of curarizing drugs during ketamine anesthesia]. PMID- 1134645 TI - [Hyperbaric chamber. I. Historic notes. Physiopathological premisses. Clinical indications]. PMID- 1134646 TI - [Dissociative anesthesia in the otorhinolaryngologic surgery. Our experience]. PMID- 1134647 TI - [Case of protracted apnea due to succinylcholine (duration: 7 hours)]. PMID- 1134648 TI - [CT 1341 in surgical otorhinolaryngologic practice. Study of 128 narcoses]. PMID- 1134650 TI - [Bronchodilator agents in respiratory resuscitation; our experience]. PMID- 1134649 TI - [Trieffortil in the prevention of arterial hypotension in peridural and subarachnoid anesthesia]. PMID- 1134651 TI - [Mixed poisoning caused by barbiturates and neuroleptics. Therapeutic considerations and presentation of a clinical case]. PMID- 1134652 TI - [Problems concerning plastic containers for blood]. PMID- 1134653 TI - [Retrospective studies on cases of stomach ulcer]. PMID- 1134654 TI - [Clinical and endoscopic correlations on the capacity of gastric secretion in normal and pathological subjects]. PMID- 1134655 TI - [Big particle biopsy in stomach diseases with difficult diagnosis]. PMID- 1134656 TI - [Endoscopic diagnosis of stomach lymphoma]. PMID- 1134658 TI - [Gastric and gastrin secretion in the hyperplasia of the Brunner's glands]. PMID- 1134657 TI - [Endoscopic removal of foreign bodies from the esophago-gastro-duodenal tract]. PMID- 1134659 TI - [Our experience with duodenoscopy with catheterization of the bile and pancreatic ducts]. PMID- 1134660 TI - [Studies of the clinical effectiveness of the mucolytic drug, S carboxymethylcysteine, in the therapy of acute and chronic bronchitis]. PMID- 1134661 TI - [The lacto-complex in the therapy of gastroesophageal reflux. Clinical and endoscopic evaluation]. AB - The activity and therapeutic efficacy of a micro-dispersed lacto-complex in the management of patients with gastro-oesophageal regurgitation were evaluated in terms of the clinical and endoscopic data observed before and 40-60 days after treatment. The results were more than satisfactory. Endoscopic assessment was also made of the stratification and residence time of the preparation in the normal and pathological oesophageal and gastric mucosa. There was a significant increase in residence times in the case of lesion of the mucosae themselves. PMID- 1134662 TI - [The "Cordis Auxilium". A new simple apparatus for the treatment of cardiogenic shock]. PMID- 1134663 TI - [Anticoagulants in therapy of patients with heart valve prostheses]. AB - Thrombosis in subjects with valvular prostheses is primarily attributable to the tendency of platelets to adhere to non-natural surfaces. In addition, the release of ADP and serotonin leads to their clumping. Anticoagulant management is based on the employment of dicumarols, which inhibit the synthesis of factors VII, IX & X, and anti-clumping substances. When using the former, care must be taken to prevent unwanted side-effects and to watch for possible interactions with drugs that may enhance or diminish their effectiveness. Among the latter, a preference should be shown for those that act on the release of endogenous ADP; these are free from toxicity and significant side-effects. The main remedy, however, remains that elaborating prostheses coated with protein material to prevent adhesion by platelets and so obtain a non-thrombogenic surface. PMID- 1134664 TI - [Plastic widening of the aorta associated with implantation of valvular prosthesis]. AB - Widening of the supravalvular aorta by means of a lozenge-shaped dacron patch was performed in 9 cases of stenosis and/or aorta insufficiency. Marked improvement was noted in the 8 patients followed up: the transvalvular gradient was not significant and neither haemolytic anaemia nor hyperhaemolysis were present. This expedient is both useful and indicated in cases where the calibre of the descending aorta is small. PMID- 1134665 TI - [A technical procedure in the Blalock operation for Fallot's tetrad to facilitate the radical intervention]. AB - It is proposed that when carrying out subclavian-pulmonary anastomosis as a palliative measure in Fallot's tetralogy, a cord or open tourniquet clamp should be left round the subclavian. When radical operation comes to be carried out, some years later, this device will enable the fistula to be closed easily and quickly. PMID- 1134666 TI - [Coronary risk factors in 287 cases of myocardial infarct treated in a coronary unit]. AB - The main coronary risk factors were estimated in a series of 287 myocardial infarct patients admitted to a coronary unit. Particular attention is drawn to smoking, arterial hypertesion, diabetes and hypercholesterolaemia in this respect. 24 cases in patients under 40 yr where cigarette smoking was by far the most important factor are examined more closely. PMID- 1134667 TI - [Index of fibrinolytic homeostasis (IFH) in physiological and pathological pregnancy]. PMID- 1134668 TI - [Chorioangioma in the materno-fetal pathology with special reference to premature labor]. PMID- 1134669 TI - [Microlaparotomy and ovarian biopsy in the study of amenorrhea]. PMID- 1134670 TI - [Endocavitary aspiration in the mass screening for carcinoma of the uterine corpus]. PMID- 1134671 TI - [Presentation of a nomogram for evaluation of intrauterine fetal growth]. PMID- 1134672 TI - [Hormone-sensitive tumors of the female genitalia]. PMID- 1134673 TI - [Intraorganic distribution of a new antibiotic combination]. PMID- 1134674 TI - [Use of a new oxytocin in obstetrics]. PMID- 1134675 TI - [Prostaglandin PGF 2 alpha and induction of labor]. PMID- 1134676 TI - [Role of pregnancy and childbirth on the function of the residual kidney in the mononephrectomized patient]. PMID- 1134677 TI - [Findings and observations on the incidence and pathology of vaginal mycoses in pregnancy]. PMID- 1134678 TI - [Colposcopic and colpocytological observations on vesicular mole and chorioepithelioma]. PMID- 1134679 TI - [Proposed new drug association for painless labor]. PMID- 1134680 TI - [Immunological problems connected with pregnancy and therapeutic deductions in case of threatened abortion]. PMID- 1134681 TI - [The use of isoxsuprine in threatened premature labor]. PMID- 1134682 TI - [Aspects of the surgical treatment of utero-vaginal prolapse]. PMID- 1134684 TI - [Diagnosis and clinical significance of dysplastic and neoplastic lesions of the cervix uteri. Treatment of the initial forms]. PMID- 1134683 TI - [Preliminary results of the use of an antimycotic drug, clotrimazole (bis-phenyl (2-chlorophenyl)-1-imidazoly-methane: BAY b 5097) in local administration for therapy of vaginitis caused by Candida albicans and by Trichomonas vaginalis]. PMID- 1134685 TI - [Diagnosis and clinical significance of dysplastic and neoplastic lesions of the uterine cervix. Long-term control]. PMID- 1134686 TI - E1Notes on the morphological diagnosis of dysplastic and neoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the uterus. Study based on cytological and histological comparisons of Florentine case records of 1970-1972. PMID- 1134687 TI - [Evaluation of cytological and histological correlation by systematic colposcopic examination in patients diagnosed from 1964 to 1972]. PMID- 1134688 TI - [Comparative study of colpocytology, colposcopy and histology in the prevention and diagnosis of preclinical cancer of the uterine cervix]. PMID- 1134689 TI - [Development of dysplasia and corcinoma in situ of the cervix uteri]. PMID- 1134691 TI - [Positive colpocytology, negative biopsy and successive diagnostic conclusions]. PMID- 1134690 TI - [Dysplasia and carcinoma in situ of the uterine cervix. Outcome of several cases]. PMID- 1134692 TI - [Some unfavorable results of diathermocoagulation of dysplastic lesions of the uterine cervix. Study of the causes and possibilities of prevention]. PMID- 1134693 TI - [Diagnostic value of conization]. PMID- 1134694 TI - [Effects of mass colpocytological screening on morbidity and mortality of uterine cervical carcinoma in inhabitants of Parma and experiments on the diagnostic and therapeutic value of conization]. PMID- 1134695 TI - [Incidence of adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix in mass cytological and colposcopic diagnostic studies]. PMID- 1134696 TI - [Cytology of the vaginal cupola in recurrences or persistence of gynecologic neoplasms]. PMID- 1134697 TI - Replantation of amputated extremities. Report of five cases. PMID- 1134698 TI - Appendicitis--still a potentially lethal disease. PMID- 1134699 TI - Maternal mortality report for Ohio--1972. PMID- 1134700 TI - [Necessity of using more effective forms of organization of treatment of eye injuries and their sequelae]. PMID- 1134701 TI - [Taste sensitivity to phenylthiocarbamide to hypercorticism and simple glaucoma]. PMID- 1134702 TI - [Results of long-term observation of patients with incipient primary glaucoma after discontinuance of pilocarpine]. PMID- 1134703 TI - [Determination of image quality of the optic part of penetrating keratoprostheses in the units of visual acuity]. PMID- 1134704 TI - [Content of certain enzymes in blood serum and separate eye structures in patients with intraocular neoplasms]. PMID- 1134705 TI - [Aniseikonia, anisophoria and visual field in optical correction of myopic anisometropia]. PMID- 1134706 TI - [Comparative data on the changes in fundus oculi in cerebral and cardiac forms of hypertensive disease]. PMID- 1134707 TI - [Table for determination of calibrometry of the retinal vessels]. PMID- 1134708 TI - [Pathology of the uveal tract in the Ukrainian population]. PMID- 1134709 TI - [Corneal tissue respiration after infection with herpes simplex virus]. PMID- 1134710 TI - [Results of treatment of dysbinocular amblyopia in the immediate and remote periods]. PMID- 1134711 TI - [Competitive achievements of the ophthalmologists-members of the Ophthalmological Society in the Dnepropetrovsk region]. PMID- 1134712 TI - [Clinical course and treatment of essential progressive mesodermal dystrophy of the iris]. PMID- 1134713 TI - Editorial: Peer review and ophthalmic surgeons. PMID- 1134714 TI - Transillumination ophthalmoscopy: i. Instrumentation and technique. AB - We have developed a scleral-indentor-illuminator which, when combined with indirect ophthalmoscopy, gives better visualization of some choroidal lesions than conventional ophthalmoscopy. The thin, angulated probe tip allows for extreme posterior placement. PMID- 1134715 TI - Retinal drawing chart. PMID- 1134716 TI - A surgical stereo-video microscope. AB - In our lifetime, electronic photography, that is television, has replaced optical film photography in many areas and has opened new fields in other areas. The surgical optical microscope is a closed, limited system. Television can revolutionize this by converting the optical picture into an electronic picture which can be sent down a cable, through the air, or recorded on magnetic tape to be seen now or at a later time. The Stereo-Video Microscope offers a new surgical instrument which provides the surgeon with greater ease of viewing and other numerous advantages over optical microscopy. PMID- 1134717 TI - Trabeculectomy: a re-evaluation after three years and a comparison with Scheie's procedure. AB - Seventy-one patients with glaucoma needing surgical correction had either a peripheral iridectomy with a thermal sclerostomy or a trabeculectomy utilizing a modification of Watson's technique in which the scleral flap was closed tightly with sutures. Results of surgery were analyzed at intervals up to and including three years following the surgical procedure. The success of the operations was judged both in terms of the effect on intraocular pressure as well as on the visual ability of the eye. Since the surgeon's aim is to lower intraocular pressure to a particular level, not simply to an arbitrary level that facilitates statistical analysis, the control of the disease was graded in terms of how completely the operative procedure fulfilled the goal set by the surgeon at the time the decision to operate was made. While this method of grading success introduces a subjective element, a more valid assessment of the true value of the surgery may be obtained. The results suggest that the Scheie procedure lowers pressure to a lower level and for a longer duration than does the trabeculectomy (mean intraocular pressure three years postoperatively was 12.3 mm Hg in cases of primary glaucoma treated with a Scheie procedure and 16 mm Hg in those with trabeculectomy with a sutured scleral flap). In this study the long-term visual result was apparently no different with the Scheie procedure and trabeculectomy. Trabeculectomy causes fewer flat anterior changes than the Scheie procedure. The degree of pressure lowering in trabeculectomy is directly related to the amount of postoperative filtration. The relative indications for trabeculectomy include: (1) malignant glaucoma in the other eye; (2) chronic angle closure glaucoma where an iridectomy is considered insufficient; (3) "high pressure glaucoma" where pressure below 20 mm Hg is not essential; (4) low inflow glaucoma in which persistent flat anterior chambers may be expected following routine filtration surgery; and (5) cases where endophthalmitis is a real concern, as in the very young, those remote from medical care and those with poor personal hygiene. Trabeculectomy gives such poor results in secondary glaucoma that the procedure is probably relatively contraindicated. Trabeculectomy is a valuable operation, but not the final solution to glaucoma surgery. It should be chosen with full recognition of its specific advantages and disadvantages. PMID- 1134718 TI - The use of Polyglactin 910 in muscle surgery. AB - This study represents the clinical evaluation of a newly developed snythetic absorbable suture, Polyglactin 910, in 5-0 and 6-0 sizes as used in muscle surgery. In 240 cases, Polyglactin 910 has spoken very well for itself. It possesses extremely high tensile strength and wound tensile strength retention, excellent handling characteristics and a predictable absorption rate, while the amount of tissue reaction it produces is consistently less than that of comparably sized sutures of Chromic Catgut. Polyglactin 910 is both versatile and reliable, and reflects important progress toward the development of "the perfect" absorbable suture. This article details Polyglactin 910's shortcomings as well as its strong points, and provides a recommended handling technique for its use. PMID- 1134719 TI - [Instrument for color identification for the blind]. PMID- 1134720 TI - [Automation of perimetry]. PMID- 1134721 TI - [Specific pathological findings in trabeculectomy]. AB - A quick embedding method for trabeculectomy specimens is desirable. It allows a comparison between the observations made during surgery and the histological material as long as the facts are remembered by the surgeon. Embedding by butoxy ethanol-glycol-methacrylate proved to be adequate. It allows 1- to 2-mu thick sections. 39 trabeculectomy specimens were investigated in regard of topographical origin. In 26 of them, an exact localization was possible. Only 8 pieces contained Schlemm's canal or major parts of it. The others where cut more anteriorly and contained cornea and parts of the trabecular meshwork. The different topographical localization of the ectomized pieces did not influence the regulation of the intraocular tension in the early follow-up period. It is suggested that trabeculectomy does not give direct access to the aqueous to the cut ends of Schlemm's canal and to collector channels but rather by letting filter the aqueous externally along the scleral openings. PMID- 1134722 TI - [Indications and results of trabeculectomy ab externo]. PMID- 1134723 TI - [Trabeculectomy, our first results]. PMID- 1134724 TI - [Results of trabeculectomy. Evaluation of 99 cases]. PMID- 1134725 TI - [Operative treatment of infantile and juvenile glaucoma]. PMID- 1134726 TI - [L6 years experience with filtration iridectomy]. PMID- 1134727 TI - [Iris suture. Experimental and clinical results]. PMID- 1134728 TI - [Surgical operation of iris to reach or to repair a round pupil]. PMID- 1134729 TI - [Microsurgery and cataract: technic for extraction through a small incision]. PMID- 1134730 TI - [First experience with the implantation of anterior chamber lenses (Binkhorst Iris-Clip-Lens technic)]. PMID- 1134731 TI - [Amyloid and the eye]. PMID- 1134732 TI - [Keratoconjunctival complications in neurodermatitis disseminata]. PMID- 1134733 TI - [Tolerance to antimitotics introduced into the anterior chamber of the cat eye]. PMID- 1134734 TI - [Limits and causes of errors in echographic examination (method a) in the diagnosis of intraocular tumors]. PMID- 1134735 TI - [Disseminated miliary choroidal tuberculosis. Angiofluorographic study]. PMID- 1134736 TI - [Spontaneous epiretinal fibroplasia]. PMID- 1134737 TI - [Retinal function in atypical, familial chorioretinal degeneration]. PMID- 1134738 TI - [Microaneurysmal fatty accumulation in diabetic retinopathy]. PMID- 1134739 TI - [5 years experimentation with calcium dobesilate in the treatment of retinopathies]. PMID- 1134740 TI - [Sound and unsound drug therapy in diabetic retinopathy]. PMID- 1134741 TI - [A new morphological symptom in the differential diagnosis of senile retinoschisis]. PMID- 1134742 TI - [Estimation of temperature in irradiated retinal vessels]. PMID- 1134743 TI - [Experimental induction of thrombi during irradiation with intensive light]. PMID- 1134744 TI - [Fluorescence angiographic study on papillary vascularization]. PMID- 1134745 TI - [Problems of visual function in paracentral visual field failure]. PMID- 1134746 TI - [Accomodative conditions of eyes with organic central scotoma]. PMID- 1134747 TI - [External, congenital and familial ophthalmoplegia, muscular aplasia and anomalies of insertion]. PMID- 1134748 TI - [Experience with the combination of polatest and prism correction in the treatment of binocular disorders]. PMID- 1134749 TI - [Importance of oculomotor examinations in movement disorders]. PMID- 1134750 TI - [One-sided pseudostrabismus sursoadductorius]. PMID- 1134751 TI - [Lymphoid orbital tumors]. PMID- 1134752 TI - [Multiple tumors of eyeball]. PMID- 1134753 TI - [Therapeutic soft lenses. Quality, indications and complications]. PMID- 1134754 TI - [Ophthalmodynamometry and ophthalmodynamography in orthostatic hypotension and migraine]. PMID- 1134755 TI - [When should the ophthalmologic practitioner interrupt a long time therapy?]. PMID- 1134756 TI - [Electronic sensory aids for the blind and the high-grade visually handicapped]. PMID- 1134757 TI - [Our further experiences with pathogenesis of pterigia]. AB - Description of three pterygia in a patient, two of them on temporal side. In neighbourhood of the latters large prominent concrements were present in Meibaumian glands which were rubbing conjunctiva and cornea at each eye movement. They were thought to be the cause of these pterygia. On further examinations of pterygia and their surroundings it was found that besides hairs on caruncle and eyelashes in inner canthus also other pathological changes on eyelids may be the cause. Basing on findings in further 253 pterygia it may be accepted that pterygia occur after permanent microtrauma of conjunctiva and cornea. Those microtrauma may be due to pathological hairs on caruncle or in inner canthus and rarely due to concretion of Meibaumian glands, granulomas, Meibaumian cysts, lacrymal points, cysts and warts. In this way all the doubts about origin of pterygia may be explained. Knowledge of the causal factors may help prophylaxis and therapy of pterygium. PMID- 1134758 TI - Stagnation thrombosis: an iris fluorescein angiography study. AB - Two cases of central retinal venous thrombosis with gross involvement of the arterial supply to the retina are described. The iris fluorescein angiography showed massive leakage of dye into the anterior chamber. The iris angiographic findings in 48 cases of central venous thrombosis are compared with those of 19 patients with central retinal artery occlusion. In venous obstruction pupillary and extrapupillary vessels leak both in recent and in long-standing cases, whereas in arterial occlusions extrapupillary leakage occurs exclusively in recent cases. Comparatively, the 2 cases of stagnation thrombosis appear to show an exaggerated arterial type of response, and seem to form a distinct clinical entity as opposed to the basically venous insufficiency of central retinal vein thrombosis of the usual type. PMID- 1134759 TI - [Intraocular pressure measurements in infants without glaucoma under halothane anesthesia]. AB - In infants without glaucoma measurements of the intraocular pressure were performed with the Draeger tonometer and the Schiotz tonometer. Our measurements indicate, that by use of the applanation tonometer the results are more reliable. The average intraocular pressure readings were 10.68 plus or minus 6.0 mm Hg (x plus or minus 2 s). PMID- 1134760 TI - [Prescription of mydriatics in the treatment of dosed-angle glaucoma]. AB - The indication for the use of mydriatics in the treatment of dosed-angle glaucoma are discussed. The value of their use consists in the elimination of pupillary block and in an antiphlogistic action. This claimed that these effects prevent the formation of posterior and peripheral anterior synechiae and thus prevent the condition from becoming chronic. PMID- 1134761 TI - Comparability of two methods of estimating real-depth acuity. AB - The purpose of this study was to determine whether a motor adjustment (method of average error) and a verbal response (method of constant stimuli) procedure would yield comparable estimates of depth acuity using the classic Howard apparatus. The findings were that: (1) thresholds derived from the two procedures were not significantly correlated under either binocular or monocular viewing conditions; (2) essentially equivalent thresholds were derived from the two procedures under the binocular viewing condition; (3) thresholds derived from the verbal procedure were significantly higher than those derived from the motor adjustment procedure under monocular viewing conditions. PMID- 1134762 TI - [Dispensary observation and treatment of invalids of the Patriotic War with aftereffects of injuries of the musculo-skeletal apparatus in the Donetsk district]. PMID- 1134763 TI - [Disability after trauma and ways of its alleviation]. PMID- 1134764 TI - [Temporary disability in uncomplicated compression fractures of the vertebral bodies]. PMID- 1134765 TI - [Functional-esthetic clothes for invalids with defects of the upper limbs]. PMID- 1134766 TI - [Importance of early primary prosthesis of the limbs]. PMID- 1134767 TI - [Surgical treatment of tumors and tumor-like diseases of the pelvic bones in the region of trochanteric fossa]. PMID- 1134769 TI - [Results of treatment of femoral fractures with Kuntscher nail]. PMID- 1134768 TI - [Dynamics of mineral components and activity of blood alkaline phosphatase in patients with open fractures of the crural bones]. PMID- 1134770 TI - [Osteosynthesis of fractures of tibial diaphysis with Kuntscher nail]. PMID- 1134771 TI - [Open combined injuries of the hand and fingers and their treatment]. PMID- 1134772 TI - [Treatment of microtrauma of the hand and fingers and prevention of their suppurative complications]. PMID- 1134773 TI - [Rational approaches to surgical treatment of fractures of distant epimetaphysis of the radius in children]. PMID- 1134774 TI - [External respiration and acid-base equilibrium in children operated on under high regional analgesia combined with nitrous oxide anesthesia]. PMID- 1134775 TI - [Electric stimulation of muscles in patients with tuberculous spondylitis complicated by spastic paresis and paralysis]. PMID- 1134776 TI - [Radiation therapy of so-called calcaneal spurs]. PMID- 1134777 TI - [Arthrodesis of the hip joint by means of insertion of the nail through the ilio femoral region]. PMID- 1134778 TI - [Correction of flexion contractures of the knee joint in short crural stumps with the Volkov-Oganesian apparatus]. PMID- 1134779 TI - [Surgical treatment of fractures and fractures-dislocations of the proximal end of the humerus]. PMID- 1134780 TI - [Guide-raspatory of the Gigli saw]. PMID- 1134781 TI - [Congenital clubfoot and its treatment in children in the 1st few months of life]. PMID- 1134782 TI - [30-year experience with surgically treated and untreated patients with dystopic kidney]. PMID- 1134783 TI - [Neuroosychiatric problems connc related to oral contraceptives]. PMID- 1134784 TI - [Dwarfism caused by hypopituitarism]. PMID- 1134785 TI - [Thymus cyst simulating mediastinal tumor]. PMID- 1134786 TI - [Letter: The serum testosterone level and liver cirrhosis]. PMID- 1134787 TI - [The effect of cerebrovascular insults on the electric activity of the heart]. PMID- 1134788 TI - [Treatment of diabetes insipidus with I-deamino-8-D-arginine-vasopressin]. PMID- 1134789 TI - [Electrocardiographic and mechanographic signs of cholinergic neural effects in patients with vagus hypersensibilis]. PMID- 1134790 TI - [Pediatric use of chloramphenicol-containing drugs]. PMID- 1134791 TI - [Lectures on medical history at the Royal Medical Society of Budapest]. PMID- 1134792 TI - [Nandor Klug 1845-1909]. PMID- 1134793 TI - [Medical objects from the Roman era in Pannonhalma]. PMID- 1134794 TI - [Recent cases of etopic ureterocele]. PMID- 1134795 TI - [Incarcerated Morgagni hernia]. PMID- 1134796 TI - [Acute kidney failure in patients with pancreatitis treated with neomycin]. PMID- 1134797 TI - [Never again smallpox!]. PMID- 1134798 TI - [Letter: DDT toxicity]. PMID- 1134799 TI - [Hemidynamic role of fetal circulation in the development of congenital heart diseases]. PMID- 1134800 TI - [In vivo cellular immunity testing by intracutaneous tests]. PMID- 1134801 TI - [The use of tick extract in the hyposensitization of children with bronchial asthma]. PMID- 1134802 TI - [The uricult test in the diagnosis of urinary tract infections in pregnancy]. PMID- 1134803 TI - [Pregnancy complicated by acute pancreatitis]. PMID- 1134804 TI - [Letter: Oncostomatologic care and its problems]. PMID- 1134805 TI - [Letter: The hazards of dermaforin wound powder]. PMID- 1134806 TI - [The practice of smallpox vaccination in Hungary]. PMID- 1134807 TI - [Urological iatrogenic lesions and their prevention]. PMID- 1134808 TI - [Leiomyoma of the uterine tubes]. PMID- 1134809 TI - [Editorial: Perinatal mortality, perinatal medicine]. PMID- 1134810 TI - [Molecular biological properties and oncogenic potential of adenovirus DNA]. PMID- 1134811 TI - [Epiglottitis acuta]. PMID- 1134812 TI - [Complex screening associated with photofluoroscopy]. PMID- 1134814 TI - [Letter: Tasks of the district physician and medical training]. PMID- 1134813 TI - [Bartter's syndrome diagnosed 6 years ago]. PMID- 1134815 TI - [Letter: Thoughts on the new system of medical training]. PMID- 1134816 TI - [Letter: Prospectives of the district physician]. PMID- 1134817 TI - [Isoenzyme fractions of LDH (thermal inactivation of the enzyme protein) in the serum of healthy and newborn infants with asphyxia]. PMID- 1134818 TI - [Late after-examination of patients with staphylococcal pneumonia with special reference to respiratory function]. PMID- 1134819 TI - [Immunohistology of the infantile pharyngeal tonsil]. PMID- 1134820 TI - [Quantitative and qualitative organ changes of the infantile pharyngeal tonsil]. PMID- 1134821 TI - [Syndrome of caudal dysplasia as a diabetic embryopathy]. PMID- 1134822 TI - [Total activity and isoenzymes of creatine phospholinase in the serum of newborn infants with asphyxia]. PMID- 1134823 TI - Results of continuous lumbar traction in acute dorso-lumbar spinal injuries with paraplegia. PMID- 1134824 TI - The sometimes deleterious influence of the brachioradialis radial extensors and finger flexors on residual hand function in spastic tetraplegics. PMID- 1134825 TI - Tendon transfers to improve grasp in patients with cervical spinal cord injury. AB - Patients with cervical spinal cord injury can gain useful hand function from a good rehabilitation programme and non-operative hand care. Effective prehension can usually be achieved by proper positioning, exercises, and splinting but when grasp is poor, tendon transfers are very effective in furthering the goal of independence. These patients have been reviewed extensively and classified into groups according to remaining neurological function. Group I patients have weak elbow flexion and weak shoulder function or less. No tendon transfers were done. Group II patients have shoulder control, elbow flexion and weak wrist extensors. Some of these patients can be improved by transferring the brachioradialis to the radial wrist extensor. Group III patients have the above and good to normal brachioradialis and two radial wrist extensors. Transferring the brachioradialis to restore opposition and the extensor carpi radialis longus to the flexor digitorum profundi provides strong and effective prehension. Group IV patients have the above plus pronator teres and flexor carpi radialis which can be used for transfer. Opposition and finger flexion can be restored by a variety of transfers. In groups III and IV tendon transfers were done only when automatic grasp was poor or absent. If finger grasp was good and thumb function ineffective only opponens transfers were done in order to achieve key pinch. Group V patients have all muscles functioning but with varying degrees of intrinsic weakness. Opponens transfer is useful for these patients. Indications and contraindications to surgery are given. All the patients have improved function and strength following their tendon transfers. No patient has regretted having had surgery. PMID- 1134826 TI - Care of spinal cord in the armed forces of India. AB - Development of Spinal Cord Injuries Centre in the Armed Forces of India has been discussed. Starting from a 30-bedded unit in 1965 we have now a 100-bedded spinal cord injury centre, a major rehabilitation centre managed by trained medical staff for these patients. A 25-bedded paraplegic home for ex-servicemen has been recently built with modern facilities and amenities. Medical rehabilitation and vocational services are now available to paraplegics in a radius of one kilometre at this centre. PMID- 1134827 TI - Experiences with traumatic paraplegic patients in India. PMID- 1134828 TI - Effect of delayed intermittent catheterisation on kidney function in spinal cord injury patients--a long-term follow-up study. PMID- 1134829 TI - Problems associated with the use of external urinary collectors in the male paraplegic. PMID- 1134830 TI - A spinal injury caused by a patient impaled on a shotgun. PMID- 1134831 TI - Passive transfer of acquired resistance to Schistosoma mansoni in laboratory mice. AB - Serum taken from mice 12-15 weeks after a primary infection of Schistosoma mansoni transfers to normal recipients a partial resistance to subsequent schistosome challenge. The transfer of immunity is evident not only in the reduced recovery of mature parasites from the liver, but also in the diminished numbers of invading schistosomula recovered of resistance equivalent on average to 47% of that found in actively immunized animals, the results suggest that humoral factors play a major role in the effector mechanism of schistosome immunity. PMID- 1134832 TI - Immune expulsion of Trichuris muris from mice during a primary infection: analysis of the components involved. AB - Immune serum accelerated the expulsion of Trichuris muris when transferred into normal mice on days 0 and 3 after infection, but had no effect when the recipient mice had been immunosuppressed by sublethal irradiation or by cortisone treatment. Delaying serum transfer until days 7 and 8 in normal mice failed to accelerate expulsion, although immune mesenteric lymph node cells (MLNC) accelerated expulsion whether transferred early or late in infection. Expulsion from NIH mice, normally complete by 12 days, was prevented by sublethal irradiation given as late as 9 days after infection, but could be restored by subsequent transfer of immune MLNC or, to a lesser degree, non-immune MLNC. Immune MLNC were unable to restore worm expulsion in mice irradiated before infection. These results are interpreted as showing that the immune expulsion of T. murius from mice during a primary infection requires the sequential activities of antibody-mediated and lymphoid cell-mediated components. PMID- 1134833 TI - [Primary liver carcinoma invading blood vessels and heart]. PMID- 1134834 TI - [Calcinosis tumorlia]. PMID- 1134835 TI - [Early morphologic changes in nephronophthisis juvenile familiaris in a 17-month old child]. PMID- 1134836 TI - [Cherubism in the 3rd generation]. PMID- 1134837 TI - [Case of isolated pulmonary amyloidosis]. PMID- 1134838 TI - [Chronic hepatitis in the light of morphologic changes]. PMID- 1134839 TI - [Electron-microscopic picture of chronic hepatitis]. PMID- 1134840 TI - [Electrolyte disorders in chronic experimental nitrogen oxide poisoning]. PMID- 1134841 TI - [Preventive action of some detergents in experimental carbon tetrachloride poisoning]. PMID- 1134842 TI - [Evaluation of the thyroid gland in stillborn fetuses]. PMID- 1134843 TI - [Experimental use of domestically produced cyanoacrylate adhesives in eye surgery. I. Corneal and scleral wounds with injury of the ciliary body]. PMID- 1134844 TI - [Experimental use of domestically produced cyanoacrylate adhesives in eye surgery. II. Muscular and scleral wounds]. PMID- 1134845 TI - The chronically reserpinized rat as a possible model for cystic fibrosis. II. Comparison and cilioinhibitory effects of submaxillary saliva. AB - Submaxillary saliva from reserpine-treated rats was found to have alterations in composition similar to those reported in the same secretion from patients with cystic fibrosis. Changes included elevated concentrations of Na+, Ca++, protein, and carbohydrate. In addition, this saliva was found to have ciliotoxic properties similar to those of CF serum. The similarities in cilioinhibitory effects salivary composition, and histologic appearance justify the use of the chronically reserpinized rat as a model for cystic fibrosis. PMID- 1134846 TI - Glucaric acid excretion as index of hepatic glucuronidation in neonates after phenobarbital treatment. AB - The urinary excretion of glucaric and glucuronic acid was investigated in neonates receiving phenobarbital intramuscularly or orally. Whereas there was no significant difference from the control-subjects in glucuronic acid elimination, the increase in glucaric acid excretion was significantly higher in the intramuscularly treated neonates. Infants with orally administered phenobarbital showed only insignificantly greater glucaric acid elimination. The decrease of serum bilirubin levels was more pronounced in the intramuscularly treated than in the orally treated group. The determination of glucaric acid may be an important reflection of hepatic microsomal induction of the enzymes of the glucuronic acid pathway. PMID- 1134847 TI - Diamino acid transport into granulocytes and liver slices of patients with lysinuric protein intolerance. AB - Uptake of diamino acids by isolated granulocytes and by liver slices was studied in patients with LPI and in control subjects. 14-C-Labeled lysine, arginine, and ornithine were used in the granulocyte assay and a nonmetabolizable diamino acid analog, l-homoarginine, in the liver assay. Kinetic studies on diamino acid uptake by the granulocytes were consistent with the existence of one transport system common to the three diamino acids. The maximal velocity of uptake was approximately equal for the three amino acids and similar in patients and control subjects. In the liver slices, at least two transport systems became apparent as substrate concentration was varied from 4.0-0.025 mM. A low concentration system with high affinity and very small capacity for transport was similar in patients and control subjects. A high concentration system was also present in both groups, but in the patients had only 1/7 of the maximal capacity observed in the control subjects. This defect grossly incapacitated the diamino acid uptake of the liver. In LPI, the observed defect, in conjunction with the deficient absorption in the kidneys and intestine, explains the lack of ornithine at the site of urea synthesis, which is evident from the impaired and ornithine correctable urea production. PMID- 1134848 TI - Letter to the editor: Chromosomal mosaicism in amniotic fluid cell cultures. PMID- 1134849 TI - [Total fat excretion in meconium and feces of newborn infants measured by a new method of high clinical usefulness]. PMID- 1134850 TI - [Statistical evaluation of normal activities of 6 serum enzymes in children during ontogenic development]. PMID- 1134851 TI - [Gastric secretion of acid in healthy children]. PMID- 1134852 TI - [Electrophonocardiographic studies following exercise in healthy children]. PMID- 1134853 TI - [Psychosomatic development of undernourished children in the 1st year of life]. PMID- 1134854 TI - [Intestinal absorption disorders in agammaglobulinemia]. PMID- 1134855 TI - [Hepatocellular damage in scarlet fever]. PMID- 1134856 TI - [Treatment of developmental anomalies of upper airways and neck]. PMID- 1134857 TI - [Results of surgical treatment of congential cysts and sinuses of dorsum nasi in children]. PMID- 1134858 TI - [Fused kidneys]. PMID- 1134859 TI - [Chronic pneumopathy caused by excessive immune response (hypersensitivity pneumonitis)]. PMID- 1134860 TI - [Case of diffuse cerebral demyelination in a 17-month-old child]. PMID- 1134861 TI - [Surgical problems in splenic malformations in children]. PMID- 1134862 TI - [Multiple malformations syndrome in conjoined twins]. PMID- 1134863 TI - [Physical work capacity in children and methods for its evaluation]. PMID- 1134864 TI - [Iron metabolism in experimental rickets. I. Intestinal absorption of iron in rat rickets]. PMID- 1134865 TI - [Iron metabolism in experimental rickets. II. Pharmacological studies of ferrokinetics in rat rickets]. PMID- 1134866 TI - [High-salt diet in the treatment of chloride diarrhea]. PMID- 1134867 TI - [Plasma level of ketone bodies in children with simple obesity and urinary excretion of ketone bodies. II]. PMID- 1134868 TI - [Damage of gray matter in brain of newborn infants born at term with cyanotic heart disease]. PMID- 1134869 TI - [Chronic renal failure in children]. PMID- 1134870 TI - [Effect of oxandrolone on body height and skeletal maturation in some growth disorders in children]. PMID- 1134871 TI - [Value of radiologic studies in the diagnosis of pyloric stenosis in children]. PMID- 1134872 TI - [Clinical analysis of cases of necrotic enterocolitis]. PMID- 1134873 TI - [Delayed results of treatment of Fallot's tetralogy in children with particular reference to hemodynamic disorders]. PMID- 1134874 TI - [Case of congenital pulmonary artery stenosis]. PMID- 1134875 TI - [Pulmonary artery thrombosis in a 30-month-old girl with nephrotic syndrome]. PMID- 1134876 TI - [Predicted somatic development of boys from various socioeconomic classes]. PMID- 1134877 TI - Who and what. PMID- 1134878 TI - Rural perinatology. AB - An evaluation of perinatal care practices in Iowa community hospitals is presented. Seventy-two hospitals were visited by a University-based perinatal care team. After an initial assessment, educational programs aimed at correcting deficient care practices were carried out in the community hospitals. A review of the data indicates an improvement in the care of the perinatal patient. The authors feel the methodology employed can be utilized in other rural areas to improve basic perinatal care. PMID- 1134879 TI - An analysis of air transport results in the sick newborn infant: Part I. The transport team. AB - Regionalization of neonatal intensive care has necessitated air transport of the critically ill infant in sparsely populated areas. All newborn air transports to four Denver area newborn intensive-care units over a 14-month period were reviewed. An emergency-care nurse and a neonatal intensive-care nurse provided the basic transport team with physician assistance in selected cases. Infants were evaluated and stabilized at the referring hospital before moving the infant. The transports were analyzed for the type of air craft utilized, reason for referral, and mortality. The results indicate that prior planning will permit the use of the most appropriate aircraft and transport team. When using well-trained transport personnel, the presence of a physician may be limited to specific situations without adversely affecting overall neonatal mortality. PMID- 1134880 TI - Intrauterine rubella, head size, and intellect. AB - The assumption that congenital rubella is commonly associated with microcephaly and mental retardation was examined. Among a rubella clinic population of 111 children, 92 children had vision sufficient to allow testing by the Leiter International Scale. The mean IQ for this group was 99.46 (SD, 19.5). Head circumference in this group correlated well with stature but poorly with intellect. The authors conclude that children with intrauterine rubella should be viewed as small children rather than children with small heads and that such children are poorly served if mental subnormality is assumed without careful study. PMID- 1134881 TI - Subcutaneous calcium deposition in the neonate associated with intravenous administration of calcium gluconate. AB - Nine infants who had severe local manifestations following intravenous administration of calcium gluconate are presented. The lesions appeared at the intravenous sites as firm subcutaneous nodules or areas of areas of inflammation with central softening and fluctuation. The interval between appearance of the lesion and calcium administration was 13 plus or minus 2.5 (mean plus or minus SEM) days. Five infants were treated with antibiotics and three of the five had incision and drainage. Roentgenographic evidence of subcutaneous calcification was seen in all cases at the time the lesions were first noticed. In two infants the entire cephalic vein was calcified. Induration and inflammation completely subsided in six infants, four of whom had follow-up roentgenograms showing complete resolution of calcification. A conservative approach in management is recommended. PMID- 1134882 TI - Pulmonary hypersensitivity associated with pancreatin powder exposure. AB - A 25-year-old woman with obstructive, reversible pulmonary and nasal hypersensitivity apparently induced by casual, repeated inhalation of pancreatin powder (desiccated pork pancreas) is described. The powder was being employed as a dietary supplement for the patient's son, diagnosed as having cystic fibrosis. Two challenges of the diagnosed as having cystic fibrosis. Two challenges of the patient by reproducing home use of the powder resulted in repetition of a hypersensitivity symptom complex on both occasions. Vitalometry demonstrated an immediate and late response. Avoidance of pancreatin powder exposure resulted in subsidence of symptoms. Immunologic mechanisms are suggested but not proven. PMID- 1134883 TI - Pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen in the human neonate: formation of acetaminophen glucuronide and sulfate in relation to plasma bilirubin concentration and D-glucaric acid excretion. AB - The purpose of this study was to determine if certain physiologic parameters (plasma bilirubin concentration and urinary excretion rate of D-glucaric acid) can be used to predict a newborn infant's ability to eliminate a phenolic drug, and particularly to predict the ability to conjugate that drug with glucuronic acid. Tweleve healthy 2- to 3-day-old full-term infants with plasma bilirubin concentrations of 1.0 to 11.6 mg/100 ml and D-glucaric acid excretion rates of 0.131 to 0.345 mg/kg/day received a single oral dose of acetaminophen, 12 mg/kg. Urine was collected serially for 48 hours and analyzed for acetaminophen, acetaminophen glucuronide, acetaminophen sulfate, and D-glucaric acid. The biologic half-life of acetaminophen was 3.5 plus or minus 0.85 hours (average plus or minus SD) as compared to average values of 1.9 to 2.2 hours observed in five reported studies on a total of 39 adults. The rate constant for acetaminophen glucuronide formation in neonates was considerably smaller, on the average, than in adults but the average rate constant for acetaminophen sulfate formation was somewhat larger than in adults. There is not statistically significant colucaric acid excretion. The results of this study suggest that the limited ability of neonates to conjugate phenolic drugs with glucuronic acid is compensated to a degree by a well-developed capability for sulfate conjugation. PMID- 1134884 TI - Intestinal lymphagiectasia: a reappraisal. AB - Intestinal lymphangiectasia (IL) may vary widely in its manifestations and severity. Fifteen children seen between 1960 and 1974 with histologically proven IL are analyzed by clinical, laboratory, radiologic, and histologic criteria. Remissions occurred in most patients and none died. Exacerbations occurred in five children. Diarrhea was present in 14 patients and in 13 appeared before the age of 3 years. Vomiting occurred in nine patients and growth retardation in seven. Four children had associated peripheral lymphedema and two of these had a family history of lymphedema, both had affected fathers and one had affected siblings and paternal cousins. Seven had hypoproteinemic edema, and of these, four suffered from hypocalcemic seizures. Chylous effusions were present in five. Hypoproteinemia was present in 12 although five had no hypoalbuminemic edema. Six had lymphopenia which was related to the severity of the disease and was the last abnormality to disappear after clinical remission. Lymphopenia may first appear years after the protein loss begins. Upper gastrointestinal tract series were performed in 13 children and had diagnostic supportive value in seven. Six children had two or more small-intestinal biopsies done. They all showed great variation from one examination to the other, ranging from a normal appearance to severe changes. Lymphatic block may occur at different sites-in the lamina propria only, generalized (lamina propria, submucosa, serosa, and mesentery), or conversely in the mesentery alone with minimal changes in the lamina propria. In three patients intravenous hyperalimentation was necessary. Specific treatment with a high-protein, low-fat diet with added medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) is valuable. Surgical resection was of benefit in one patient, and anastomosis of mesenteric to para-aortic lymph nodes in another. PMID- 1134885 TI - Special devices as aids in the management of child self-mutilation in the Lesch Nyhan syndrome. AB - The Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is a rare inborn error of purine metabolism associated with hyperuricacidemia, mental retardation, and an insatiable urge for self mutilation, especially of the extremities. Insensitivity to pain and severe muscle spasms create very difficult management problems, especially for children being cared for at home. Fortunately this syndrome is rare (1 per 380,000 live births). Four known patients are under treatment in Manitoba, of which two brothers are the subject of this study. In general, the medical management of these patients has been unsuccessful, especially in controlling self-mutilation. It therefore was decided to manage these children by the use of mechanical aids. Through the utilization of custom-designed seating devices control of the self mutilation has been obtained, reducing the burden of family care. It is now possible for the children to attend regular school on a half-day basis. They are also able to engage in community activities without the fear that a mishap will occur when not under the vigilance of the immediate family. PMID- 1134886 TI - Acetaminophen poisoning and toxicity. PMID- 1134887 TI - Children out of step with immunization. PMID- 1134888 TI - Probable neonatal propoxyphene withdrawal: a case report. AB - A baby with neonatal withdrawal from propoxyphene as evidenced by severe diarrhea, flapping tremors, shrill cry, diaphoresis, hypertonicity, and seizures is presented. Propoxyphene and its metabolites were identified in the patient's serum and urine. We express concern about the wide use of propoxyphene and its proposed use in substitution programs for detoxifying and maintaining heroin addicts in view of the possibility of neonatal complications. PMID- 1134889 TI - Cosmetic nasal deformities complicating prolonged nasotracheal intubation in critically ill newborn infants. PMID- 1134890 TI - Fetal addiction to pentazocine. PMID- 1134891 TI - Letter: What's going on with car seats? PMID- 1134892 TI - Letter: Evidence of placental transfer of acetaminophen. PMID- 1134893 TI - Letter: Methylphenidate reaction. PMID- 1134894 TI - Letter: Comment on outpatient intravenous therapy. PMID- 1134895 TI - Letter: Question on diphenylhydantoin dosage. PMID- 1134896 TI - Letter: Another case of disseminated candidiasis. PMID- 1134897 TI - Letter: Why such high serum levels of vitamin A? PMID- 1134898 TI - Letter: Comments on a startling article: "loss of limb following intravenous diazepam". PMID- 1134899 TI - [Future organisation of cancer care]. PMID- 1134900 TI - [The 92nd meeting of the General Danish Physicians Society: Is health policy preventive?]. PMID- 1134901 TI - [How does Danish health insurance work--and sickness benefitreform?]. PMID- 1134902 TI - [Schizophrenia--a bad circle of wrong interactions]. PMID- 1134904 TI - [Diagnosis for therapy or as a precaution?]. PMID- 1134903 TI - [Stop the disarmament of general hospitals]. PMID- 1134905 TI - [Guarantee the dying psychological help]. PMID- 1134906 TI - [Unfortunate economy in school health care in Denmark]. PMID- 1134907 TI - [The old professor's death]. PMID- 1134908 TI - [Physicians and priorities in health service]. PMID- 1134909 TI - [An abundance of subjects for original research in general practice--but many problems as well]. PMID- 1134910 TI - [The responsibility for drug-induced damages in Sweden]. PMID- 1134911 TI - [The responsibility of the pharmaceutical industry]. PMID- 1134912 TI - [Physicians' pay and working conditions--a Nordic comparison]. PMID- 1134913 TI - [What the numbers don't show... Unresonable long working time in Sweden but better instructions than in Denmark]. PMID- 1134914 TI - [Editorial: When should obesity be treated?]. PMID- 1134915 TI - [Science, acupuncture and satanism]. PMID- 1134917 TI - [The everyday of research. 4. Too many lifelong scientific appointments are a catastrophe for Danish research]. PMID- 1134916 TI - [Drug control and industry don't talk the same language when it concerns prices]. PMID- 1134918 TI - [Can hospitals be built cheaper? Moderate standard in test hospitals. Serial building of hospitals in the private sector]. PMID- 1134919 TI - [School health work in Oslo]. PMID- 1134920 TI - Round-table discussion on obesity and weight loss. There is no miraculous cure but persistent physicians can help most people to reduce. PMID- 1134921 TI - [How can we improve the co-operation between general practitioners and hospitals?]. PMID- 1134922 TI - [The welfare critic: patients like it better in a more effective system]. PMID- 1134923 TI - Chromosome investigation of Danish A. I. beef bulls. AB - In 1973 all Danish A.I. beef bulls were tested by chromosome analysis, in order to eliminate bulls with Robertsonian translocation (centric fusion translocations). From abroad it has been reported that this aberration reduced fertility. Of 65 bulls none was affected. The literature concerning chromosome investigation of populations of A.I. bulls are summarized. It is proposed that all imported bulls should be tested by chromosome banding methods, before the bulls are used. PMID- 1134924 TI - Observations on teat stenosis. AB - The article deals with 665 cases of teat stenosis observed over the period 1968- 73 in the area covered by the Field Station of the College of Veterinary Medicine, Hautjarvi. The main attention is to the occurrence of the syndrome and the aspects associated with the clinical picture. The results are shown in Figs. 1--4. Only 12.7% of the stenoses were recorded during the pasture season. An examination of the point of time of the diagnosis revealed that 46.2% of all cases fell during the first month after calving. Of all cases of stenosis, 59.8% were found in the rear teats and, correspondingly, 50.2% in the fore teats. The location of the stenosis in the teat was known in 526 cases: 79.5% in the streak canal and tip of the teat, 8.5% in the mid-section of the cistern, 3.3% in its upper section and 8.7% affecting the entire cistern. Of the 477 cases treated surgically, 24.3% required renewed treatment. Of the 174 cases treated without surgery, 20.7% had to be treated several times. On the basis of the observations made, conclusions were drawn with regard to ethiological factors and the results examined in the light of some other studies. PMID- 1134925 TI - Acute pulmonary edema and seizures in hunting dogs. AB - The clinical and radiographic appearance of acute pulmonary edema in three hunting dogs are reported. The etiology is discussed. The conclusion was drawn that the cause of pulmonary edema was probably neurogenic, probably induced by hypoglycemia. Prevention and treatment are discussed. PMID- 1134926 TI - [Influence of semen collection on breeding efficiency of a.i. boars (author's transl.)]. AB - Based upon semen records and 30-60 days non-return percentages from 171 boars of Danish Landrace the influence of frequency of semen collection on semen production and breeding efficiency was investigated. Semen production was expressed by the number of doses of 2.0 times 10-9 motile sperms per ejaculate. PMID- 1134927 TI - [A.I. in pigs: breeding efficiency of one and two inseminations per heat (author's transl.)]. AB - Breeding efficiency as expressed by the 30-60 days non-return percentage by one and two inseminations per heat was compared. Sows and gilts in a good heat (heat detection by stockmen) received only one insemination per heat, whereas females with a moderate/weal heat received two inseminations with an interval of approx. 24 hours, provided they were still in heat at the 2nd visit. The results have been set out in the tables I and II. A total of 89.1 and 90.8 percent non-returns by one and two inseminations per heat have been obtained (table I). The difference of 1.7 percentage units in favour of two inseminations is significant, (P less than 0.001). A variation within technicians of percentage of one insemination per heat from 10-97 was found, table II. 11 technicians had significant better results with two inseminations, one technician with one insemination, and by the rest of technicians no significant differences were found between one and two inseminations per heat. It is concluded that: 1) By effective heat detection, the breeding efficiency which can be obtained by one insemination per heat, is only two percentage lower than the breeding efficiency obtained by two inseminations per heat. 2) This loss in breeding efficiency is probably compensated by the economical advantage of one insemination per heat. PMID- 1134928 TI - [Determination of progesterone in peripheral blood-plasma as a diagnostic aid in female swine (author's transl.)]. AB - The determination of the peripheral plasma level of progesterone was evaluated as a clinical aid in the gynaecological diagnosis of female pigs. The normal cyclic variation of the peripheral plasma level of progesterone was determined in six cross bred gilts (Swedish Landrace times Swedish Yorkshire Breed) which were examined daily for the stages of oestrus. The results of this investigation are given in fig. 1. Peripheral plasma levels of progesterone were determined in 16 gilts with the clinical diagnosis of "silent heat". Despite all 16 gilts being sexually mature none of them had shown clinical signs of heat. The gilts belonged to 3 different farms, on all of which there was a high incidence of "silent heat". At least two blood samples were drawn 7 days apart from each of the gilts. Of the gilts examined 12 had variations in peripheral plasma level of progesterone. Of these 12 animals only 5 had clinical signs of heat, although the farmer had been advised, from the progesterone analysis, on the probable day of occurrence of heat. In 3 of the gilts, treatment with hormones (PMSCG) elicited the standing reflex when they were placed with a boar. In Table I is given some examples of the relationship of clinical signs of heat and the peripheral plasma level of progesterone. The peripheral plasma level of progesterone was also used as an early pregnancy diagnosis test in gilts. The gilts used in this investigation were all artificially inseminated with deep frozen boar semen. The expected pregnancy rate after insemination was 50%. Blood samples were drawn 17 25 days after insemination of 84 gilts. Peripheral plasma level of progesterone equal to or higher than 7.5 ng/ml were considered to indicate pregnancy. All gilts were slaughtered 4 weeks after the insemination and the number of fetuses were counted. A correct pregnancy diagnosis by the estimation of peripheral plasma level of progesterone was obtained in 95.2% of the gilts. The incorrect diagnoses were all false positives, viz. non-pregnant gilts were diagnosed as pregnant. PMID- 1134929 TI - [The hazard of lead-accumulation in domestic animals fed on hay from fields nearby highways in Norway (author's transl.)]. AB - In 1971 hay was harvested from an area nearby a highway (E18) at Sande in Vestfold (Norway). On an average 9,400 cars passed this place each day during the summer season. The lead pollution of the hay was moderate. Hay taken at a distance of 2 m from the roadside contained 6.6 mu-g Pb/g dry weight. There was found no increase in the lead concentration in blood, liver, kidney, muscle, urine, or bone tissue in the experimental sheep compared with the control group. In faeces, however, a higher lead concentration was found in the experimental group compared with the control group, on an average 6.3 and 1.6 mu-g Pb/g, respectively. No increase in the lead content could be demonstrated in bone tissue from cattle which since birth had been fed on grass and hay originating from areas adjacent to the highway. PMID- 1134930 TI - [Emergency occlusion of the inferior vena cava in thrombo-embolic disease. Value in the critical patient]. AB - On the basis of eight cases, the authors report the good results obtained by ligation of the I.V.C. carried out as an emergency procedure in patients under intensive care following recurrent pulmonary emboli, in whom life was threatened and in whom anti-thrombotic agents had failed or were contraindicated. PMID- 1134931 TI - [Significance of pruritus during pregnancy. Relations with the hepatic disorders of gestation]. AB - The principal clinical and biological characteristics and the origin of pruritus of pregnancy (p.p.) which occurs in a little more than two pregnancies per thousand are considered in the light of 7 cases. As with recurrent jaundice of pregnancy (r.j.p.), of which pruritus represents a minor analogue, the symptoms occur solely during pregnancy and disappear after delivery. In p.p. signs of cholestasis are seen, more marked than in a normal pregnancy coming to term but less than in icterus gravidarum. The increase in transaminases seen in p.p. and r.j.p. does not occur in normal pregnancy. The two conditions, which may be grouped together under the term hepatogestosis, are benign as far as the mother is concerned but represent a definite and significant risk of prematurity for the child. It is possible to establish a relation between p.p. and/or r.j.p. and the hepatic manifestations associated with oral contraceptives. In both instances a genetic predisposition seems to favour the development of a cholestatic syndrome. A past history of p.p. represents a contraindication to the use of oral contraceptives. Cholestyramine, a bile salt chelator, gives excellent results in persistent p.p. PMID- 1134932 TI - [March hemoglobinuria. One case with erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase deficiency]. AB - A new case of march haemoglobinuria seen in a 21-year-old man is reported. A deficiency in two erythrocytic enzymes (glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxydase) was observed. Treatment with riboflavin corrected the glutathione reductase deficiency. The march haemoglobinuria and glutathione peroxydase deficiency persisted. Several months after resolution of the march haemoglobinuria, a new estimation of glutathione peroxydase showed that the deficiency had disappeared. The possible role of a transient deficiency in erythrocyte glutathione peroxydase in the pathogenesis of march haemoglobinuria is discussed. PMID- 1134933 TI - [Elastic pseudoxanthoma associated with lipid metabolism disorders]. PMID- 1134934 TI - [Letter: Heart conduction disorders and fluphenazine decanoate]. PMID- 1134935 TI - [Letter: Nontumoral asbestos pleurisy. Apropos of 4 cases]. PMID- 1134936 TI - [Letter: Cardiogenic shock with hypothermia complicating acute lactic acidosis secondary to phenformin]. PMID- 1134937 TI - [Letter: Original anomalies in a new case of Menkes's disease]. PMID- 1134938 TI - [Letter: Nitroblue tetrazolium reduction and infantile asthma]. PMID- 1134939 TI - [Letter: Dermolysis. Trial of surgical treatment of varicose recurrence after stripping]. PMID- 1134940 TI - [Letter: Early amniocentesis]. PMID- 1134941 TI - [Cancerology in public hospitals. Remarks on a previous Forum in Nouvelle Presse Medicale]. PMID- 1134942 TI - Guidelines to research in nursing. 1. Nursing, nurses and research. PMID- 1134943 TI - Human milk banks. PMID- 1134944 TI - A different kind of famine. PMID- 1134945 TI - Nursing care study: infective endocarditis. PMID- 1134946 TI - Infusion therapy - problems encountered by nurses. PMID- 1134947 TI - Carcinoma of the colon. PMID- 1134948 TI - The alcoholisms. 3. The "loss of control" problem. PMID- 1134949 TI - Nursing care study: Brian, an alcoholic, does he want to be cured? PMID- 1134951 TI - Skin preparation before injection. PMID- 1134950 TI - Attitudes of undergraduates to their courses. PMID- 1134952 TI - Alison Dunn in America: first things first. PMID- 1134953 TI - Nurses and the EEC. PMID- 1134954 TI - First of his kind. PMID- 1134955 TI - Paediatric day-case surgery in Southampton. PMID- 1134956 TI - Regional burns centre. PMID- 1134957 TI - Midwifery training. PMID- 1134958 TI - Hospital hauntings. PMID- 1134960 TI - The alcoholisms-5. The disease concept-newer developments. PMID- 1134959 TI - A patient in the geriatric regabilitation ward. PMID- 1134961 TI - Curriculum planning. PMID- 1134962 TI - Nursing care study: Sally--a child with cystic fibrosis. PMID- 1134964 TI - Narcolepsy. PMID- 1134963 TI - Paget's disease of bone. PMID- 1134965 TI - Prescription for error. PMID- 1134966 TI - The alcoholisms. 6. Delirium tremens. PMID- 1134967 TI - Bell's palsy. PMID- 1134968 TI - Shrine of hope. PMID- 1134969 TI - Hospital day nurseries, a cost-effectiveness study. PMID- 1134970 TI - The triple duty district nursing sister. PMID- 1134971 TI - Nursing employment bureau. PMID- 1134973 TI - Reading a research report. PMID- 1134972 TI - Guidelines to research in nursing. 4. An introduction to sampling and statistical concepts. PMID- 1134974 TI - Doubts about the drug industry. PMID- 1134975 TI - Acute impairment of brain function-1. Assessing 'conscious level'. PMID- 1134976 TI - Nursing care of outpatients taking penicillamine as a trial drug in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. PMID- 1134977 TI - Cardiopulmonary bypass in infants under two years. PMID- 1134978 TI - Porcine heterograft heart valves. PMID- 1134979 TI - Treatment of haemorrhoids. PMID- 1134980 TI - Pain in haemorrhoid repair. PMID- 1134981 TI - Accidental poisoning in children-1. PMID- 1134982 TI - The alcoholisms-7. The complications of alcoholism. PMID- 1134983 TI - The gifted child--a problem of recognition. PMID- 1134984 TI - Care of the dying in Exeter. PMID- 1134985 TI - Toc H volumteers make their mark. PMID- 1134986 TI - Play telephones. PMID- 1134987 TI - Geriatric patient care. Opinions of a sample of nurses. PMID- 1134988 TI - Dental care of the elderly. PMID- 1134989 TI - Hospital-acquired infections-2. Routes of infection. PMID- 1134990 TI - A comprehensive look at epilepsy. PMID- 1134991 TI - The alcoholisms-9. The prevention of alcoholism. PMID- 1134992 TI - Management-1. Individual and personality growth. PMID- 1134993 TI - A programme for disturbed adolescents. PMID- 1134994 TI - Editorial: Across the divide. PMID- 1134995 TI - How drugs are absorbed. PMID- 1134996 TI - Patient allocation: a review. PMID- 1134997 TI - Five aspects of nursing in USA. PMID- 1134998 TI - Nursing care study: spinal injury. PMID- 1134999 TI - Nursing care study: central retinal artery occlusion. PMID- 1135000 TI - Nursing care study: Keith--a treatment problem. PMID- 1135001 TI - How drugs act. 3. Elimination and cumulation. PMID- 1135002 TI - Management. 3. Communication. PMID- 1135003 TI - Nursing in Africa. PMID- 1135004 TI - Towards security; meeting the needs of the mentally handicapped. PMID- 1135005 TI - [Cachexia in patients with gastric carcinoma]. PMID- 1135006 TI - [Primary pulmonary hypertension. Study of hemodynamics and pulmonary ventilation disorders]. PMID- 1135007 TI - [Outpatient care in cases of arterial hypertension. Our own experiences]. PMID- 1135008 TI - [Usefulness of copper concentration and ceruloplasmin serum activity determination in the diagnostic of rheumatoid arthritis exacerbations]. PMID- 1135009 TI - [Diagnostic criteria in systemic lupus erythematosus]. PMID- 1135010 TI - [Osmolality of gastric content in the course of maximal histamine stimulation test]. PMID- 1135011 TI - [Cellular proliferation indices in acute immature-cell leukemia]. PMID- 1135013 TI - [Infectious neoplastic HeLa cells]. PMID- 1135012 TI - [Actomyosin-like antigens and incidence of smooth muscle antibodies in human pathology]. PMID- 1135014 TI - [Registration of myocardial infarct in Warsaw and Lublin. Prodromal symptoms of myocardial symptoms in registered cases]. PMID- 1135015 TI - [Clinical usefulness of radiologic chest examination in the evaluation of the tracheal compression by the goiter]. PMID- 1135016 TI - [Maternal risk in obstetric surgery]. PMID- 1135017 TI - [Results following diverting partial gastrectomy]. PMID- 1135018 TI - [Acute renal failure caused by an allergic-toxic reaction to rondomycin]. PMID- 1135019 TI - [Intravenous forms of vibramycin in the treatment of pneumonia in small children]. PMID- 1135020 TI - [Effect of commercially available subtilopeptidase on human and experimental animal skin, particularly in interaction with synthetic detergents]. PMID- 1135021 TI - [Chronic proliferative-membranaceous glomerulonephritis with hypocomplementemia]. PMID- 1135022 TI - [Effect of incubation of group O erythrocytes with suspension of A-2 influenza viruses on the phenomenon of cold agglutination]. PMID- 1135023 TI - [Acute pancreatitis in the course of myocardial infarct]. PMID- 1135024 TI - [Plasmapheresis and exchange transfusions in the treatment of hepatic coma]. PMID- 1135025 TI - [Value of histological examination of bronchial mucosa in the diagnosis of recurrent bronchitis in children and adolescents]. PMID- 1135026 TI - [Palatal myoclonus: clinico-electrophysiological analysis]. PMID- 1135027 TI - [Erythema nodosum in children]. PMID- 1135028 TI - [Retroperitoneal rhabdomyosarcoma]. PMID- 1135030 TI - [Evaluation of hemodynamics in acquired valvular heart diseases following implantation of artificial valves]. PMID- 1135029 TI - [Value of Kinidin-Durules preparation in the prevention of recurrent atrial fibrillation]. PMID- 1135031 TI - [Principles of functioning and equipment of information service systems in clinics]. PMID- 1135032 TI - [Antibodies to liver in chronic liver diseases]. PMID- 1135033 TI - [Plasma fibrinogen level in peptic ulcer and gastric cancer]. PMID- 1135034 TI - [Myocardial infarct in diabetics and non-diabetics]. PMID- 1135035 TI - [Dynamics of body height and body weight changes in school children with and without goiter in an area of Carpathian endemic goiter]. PMID- 1135036 TI - [Interrelation between lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in patients following myocardial infarct treated at Naleczow-spa]. PMID- 1135037 TI - [Case of feminizing adrenocortical adenoma treated surgically with success]. PMID- 1135038 TI - [Determination of degree of exposure to carbon disulphide of personnel of a rayon factory and evaluation of preventive measures in the years 1952-1974]. PMID- 1135039 TI - [Analysis of familial, somatic and psychic aspects in children with simple obesity]. PMID- 1135040 TI - [Gastroionogram in chronic gastric and duodenal ulcer]. PMID- 1135041 TI - [Comparison of clinico-morphological studies in protracted hepatitis]. PMID- 1135042 TI - [Comparison between the usefulness of surgical basilic vein dissection and subclavian vein punctures in a cradiologic intensive care unit]. PMID- 1135043 TI - [Importance of the mental factor in hay fever and non-seasonal allergic rhinitis in the light of psychosomatic studies]. PMID- 1135044 TI - [Case of adrenal pseudocyst]. PMID- 1135045 TI - [Renal adenocarcinoma in a 7-year-old girl]. PMID- 1135046 TI - [Some factors determining the values of spirometric studies in an urban population]. PMID- 1135047 TI - [Infection as a basic problem in the treatment of burns]. PMID- 1135048 TI - [Effect of potassium and sodium administration on the concentration of these electrolytes in the serum and on the tissue respiration of burned skin in rabbits]. PMID- 1135049 TI - [Water-electrolite changes in burned skin of rats]. PMID- 1135050 TI - [Clinical value of urinary sodium and potassium determination in severely burned patients]. PMID- 1135051 TI - [Respiratory function disorders in severely burned patients]. PMID- 1135052 TI - [Effect of osmolality of solutions used locally on the bacterial flora of burn wounds]. PMID- 1135053 TI - [Topical administration of various hydrocortisone preparations in burn wounds]. PMID- 1135054 TI - [Platelet adhesiveness in late stages of burn disease]. PMID- 1135055 TI - [Bed hammock for severely burned]. PMID- 1135056 TI - [Gastrointestinal changes in hypogammaglobulinemia]. PMID- 1135057 TI - [Vanilmandelic acid in 24-hour urinary excretion in hyperthyroidism]. PMID- 1135058 TI - [Effect of 50 g glucose load on capillary, plasma and erythrocyte glucose levels and on their difference in hepatic diseases]. PMID- 1135059 TI - [Concentration of some free amino acids in serum of patients with gastric cancer and gastric ulcer as determined by a modified one-dimensional paper chromatography technic]. PMID- 1135060 TI - [Hemolytic-uremic syndrome]. PMID- 1135061 TI - [Hydrochloric acid burns of digestive tract in newborn infants as a result of accidents]. PMID- 1135062 TI - [Case of acquired tubulopathy with excessive resorption of potassium, sodium and water]. PMID- 1135063 TI - [Mandelamine]. PMID- 1135064 TI - [Comparison of diagnosis of congenital heart defects in newborn infants and infants established by way of the bloodless method and the results of surgical and autopsy findings]. PMID- 1135065 TI - [Etiology and clinical picture of dumping syndrome]. PMID- 1135066 TI - [Methanol elimination in peritoneal dialysis]. PMID- 1135067 TI - [Clinical analysis of cases of scleroderma and dermatomyositis]. PMID- 1135068 TI - [Studies of erythrokinetics in plasmacytoma patients with anemia]. PMID- 1135069 TI - [Hyperlipoproteinemia (Frederickson's classification) in patients with myocardial infarction and imminent infarction]. PMID- 1135070 TI - [Therapeutic and prognostic problems of protracted hepatitis]. PMID- 1135071 TI - [Clinical evaluation of Iphosphamide in phracological treatment of neoplasms]. PMID- 1135072 TI - [Prospects for maintaining natural biological therapeutic values in new health resorts as exemplified by the Zlockie-spa]. PMID- 1135073 TI - [Brady=tachycardia syndrome]. PMID- 1135074 TI - [Insulin secretion following oral glucose tolerance test in chronic pancreatitis]. PMID- 1135075 TI - [Early jejunal ileus following partial gastrectomy]. PMID- 1135076 TI - [Clinical and hemodynamic assessment of cardiomyopathy]. PMID- 1135077 TI - [Morphological assessment of autopsy material during the 1971 influenza epidemic in the Warsaw Province]. PMID- 1135078 TI - [Myocardial infarct in patients of up to 40 years of age]. PMID- 1135079 TI - [Parasitic infestations in State Homes for Little Children in the Warsaw Province and attempts at controlling them]. PMID- 1135080 TI - [Some mechanisms of contact eczema in the light of experimental and clinical studies of carbodiimides]. PMID- 1135081 TI - [Ammonia concentration in venous blood in chronic cor pulmonale syndrome]. PMID- 1135083 TI - [Development of compressive vetebral fractures in tetanus]. PMID- 1135082 TI - [Prevention of gastric and duodinal ulcer recurrences by means of Ipronal]. PMID- 1135084 TI - [Personal observations in patients with brady-tachycardia syndrome]. PMID- 1135085 TI - [Etiology of Parkinson's syndrome and disease]. PMID- 1135086 TI - [Gallstones in the records of the 1st Department of Genersl Surgery of the Medical Academy in Lublin]. PMID- 1135087 TI - [Pregnancy in a woman with high-grade aortic stenosis]. PMID- 1135088 TI - [Kenalog-40 (triamcinolone acetonide) in the treatment of severe infectious allergic bronchial asthma]. PMID- 1135089 TI - [Hydroxyproline and lung diseases]. PMID- 1135090 TI - [Multicenter clinical evaluation of immunosuppressive therapy in chronic aggressive hepatitis]. PMID- 1135091 TI - [Disorders of calcium-phosphate metabolism in leukemias]. PMID- 1135092 TI - [Content of electrolytes, proteins and sialic acid in gastric juice during mephenemic acid treatment]. PMID- 1135093 TI - [Characteristics of some abnormalities of the large intestine]. PMID- 1135094 TI - [Premature rupture of fetal membranes and intrauterine infection]. PMID- 1135095 TI - [Gallbladder tuberculosis in the light of our cases]. PMID- 1135096 TI - [Femoral nerve neuropathy as an early symptom of senile diabetes]. PMID- 1135097 TI - [Case of early hemochromatosis]. PMID- 1135098 TI - [Recurrent cholelithiasis of intrahepatic bile ducts]. PMID- 1135099 TI - [Cooperation with regional physicians]. PMID- 1135100 TI - [Usefulness of determining the pigment-creatinine index in obstetrical diagnosis]. PMID- 1135101 TI - [Psychosomatic reactions in patients with duodenal ulcer treated with vagotomy and pyloroplasty]. PMID- 1135102 TI - [Infection and urolithiasis]. PMID- 1135103 TI - [Sensitivity of bacterial flora to antibiotics with a standard spectrum of activity during appendicitis and peritonitis in children]. PMID- 1135104 TI - [Exploratory laparotomy and splenectomy in the diagnosis and treatment of Hodgkin's disease]. PMID- 1135105 TI - [Pierre Robin syndrome in the light of our observations]. PMID- 1135106 TI - [Assessment of left-ventricular efficiency in elderly patients treated with pacemaking for complete atrioventricular block]. PMID- 1135107 TI - [Phenylthiocarbamide tasting ability and smoking]. PMID- 1135108 TI - [Stevens-Johnson syndrome in a 3-year-old boy]. PMID- 1135109 TI - [Meigs' syndrome in a case of struma ovarii]. PMID- 1135110 TI - [Use of whole and diluted blood in extracorporeal circulation]. PMID- 1135111 TI - [Intraoperative and perioperative blood transfusion in selected surgical clinics]. PMID- 1135112 TI - [Isolated rupture of the retroperitoneal duodenal segment following blunt abdominal trauma]. PMID- 1135113 TI - [Anatomical Variations of carotid arteries found in the course of surgery for complete denervation of the carotid sinus in bronchial asthma]. PMID- 1135114 TI - [Coexistence of biliary calculi and gastric or duodenol peptic ulcer]. PMID- 1135115 TI - [Value of peritoneal tapping in the diagnosis of acute abdominal diseases]. PMID- 1135116 TI - [Fractures of forearm bone shafts]. PMID- 1135117 TI - [Purpose and technic of exploratory laparotomy and splenectomy in the diagnosis and treatment of Hodgkin's disease]. PMID- 1135118 TI - [Our experience with splanchnic gangliectomy in the treatment of chronic pancreatitis]. PMID- 1135119 TI - [Use of the Silesian heart-lung apparatus for complete rapid exchange blood transfusion with flushing of the vascular bed under hypothermia in extracorporeal circulation]. PMID- 1135120 TI - [Bleeding following strumectomy caused by congenital hypoproconvertinemia]. PMID- 1135121 TI - [Fistula between omental bursa and stomach in the course of acute pancreatic necrosis]. PMID- 1135122 TI - [Principles of primary management of facial injuries]. PMID- 1135123 TI - Characteristics of White Leghorn chickens selected for heat tolerance. AB - A series of studies was conducted to identify and delineate factors associated with responses of chickens to high ambient temperatures. Two populations of birds were used which had been selected divergently for tolerance to stress at 40.6 degrees C. and 75% R.H. and at 5 weeks of age. After four generations of selection for survival time the lines had separated by 28 minutes: 58 vs. 86 minutes for the low and high, respectively. Egg production, hatchability, Haugh units and specific gravity did not differ between lines. Egg weight was greater in the low line. The body temperature of chicks at 30 minutes of heat stress was correlated (r = -0.454; P less than 0.05) to survival time. Body weight was correlated (r = -0.325) with resistance to heat stress while loss of body weight during heat stress was correlated (r = +0.478) with resistance. There was no apparent difference between lines in respect to resistance of 16-day old embryos to heat stress. PMID- 1135124 TI - The effects of elevated levels of sodium chloride on ascites and related problems in turkeys. AB - The response of young poults to diets containing 0.7, 1.2, 1.7 and 2.7 per cent sodium chloride was studied. Water intake, feed intake and wieght gain were not significantly influenced by treatment. Only the highest level caused a significant increase in mortality. Ascites was not a consistent finding even on high levels of salt. A straight line best described the response but confidence limits were large and this was also true for heart, kidney and lung lesions. Lesions showing myocardial distension with pericardial adhesions, severe congestion of the lungs and enlarged pale kidneys seemed more indicative of salt intoxication than classic ascites. Microscopically heterophilic (eosinophilic) lung and meningeal infiltrates accompanied by myocardial degeneration and adhesions were suggestive, but not specific, of salt intoxication. PMID- 1135125 TI - Characteristics of the absorptive surface of the small intestine of the chicken from 1 day to 14 weeks of age. AB - The epithelial surface of the intertine of chicks 1 day to 14 weeks of age was examined with both scanning and transmission electron microscopes. Most of the intestinal villi were seen to be plate-like structures. During the first week post-hatch, goblet cell orifices were easily seen. Goblet cell pores were not readily apparent in the older birds. During this stage of early development discontinuity was seen among some epithelial cells. The villi of birds one week or older showed a more convoluted mucosal surface than the younger birds. Areas of cell extrusion were observed at the tips of some villi. The three dimensional cylindrical structure of the microvilli was shown with the scanning electron microscope. PMID- 1135126 TI - Imidazole in organs of inbred chickens selected for resistance or susceptibility to lymphoid leukosis or Marek's disease. AB - Total and soluble imidazole was determined on samples of liver and kidney and soluble imidazole was determined on blood from eight strains of chickens selected at three locations for resistance or susceptibility to lymphoid leukosis and/or Marek's disease. Liver and kidney total and soluble imidazole was not different between strains classed as resistant or susceptible to lymphoid leukosis and/or Marek's disease. The weighted average of soluble blood imidazole was higher (P smaller than 0.01) in strains classed as resistant to lymphoid leukosis. A similar difference (P smaller than 0.01) was observed with strains classed as resistant or susceptible to Marek's disease when the selections from one location were not included in the weighted average. PMID- 1135127 TI - Pleiotrophic effects of the sex-linked delayed feathering gene, K-n, in the chicken. AB - In several series of comparative measurement studies the effect that the sex linked delay feathering (K-n) gene had on comb and uropygial gland development was measured in chickens from two to 60 weeks of age. The gene's effect on heart, adrenal gland and reproductive organ weights were also determined. The comb and uropygial gland size differences were very dramatic throughout the whole age range. Combs of mutant birds were greatly reduced in size while the uropygial glands were greatly hypertrophied. Heart and adrenal gland weights were also significantly increased in the mutant birds. Gonad weights however showed no difference. Responsiveness of mutant chick's combs to injections of testosterone propionate was also tested and shown to have a response similar to that of non-mutant chicks. PMID- 1135128 TI - Fertility from natural matings influenced by social and physical environments in multiple-bird cages. AB - Various social and physical environments were tested for effects on fertility using three White Leghorn strains in multiple-bird cages. Familiarizing breeder males with the cage environment before introducing females had no appreciable effect. Area per bird (560 vs. 1130 cm.-2) and cage height (40 vs. 80 cm.) were not detected as significant variables. Firmer wire flooring and previous mating experience of males appeared to confer advantages in establishing fertility. PMID- 1135129 TI - Reproductive performance of three strains of chickens in colony-cage and floor pen environments. AB - Genetic strains, ages, and housing environments were studied for their effects of egg production, gains in weight and fertility over an eight-week interval. Rate of egg production in small floor pens was clearly superior to that in high density, commercial type colony cages. Fertility was influenced by all major variables and by interactions among some of them. One genetic stock was clearly superior to two others. Differences between strains were more clearly evident in the rigorous colony-cage environment than in floor pens. Fertility in colony cages was lower than in floor pens over the eight-week test, but the difference decreased with time. Young males had higher fertility than older ones. PMID- 1135130 TI - Activity of eight enzymes of chicken seminal plasma in the eluent from agarose gel chromatography. AB - Chromatography of seminal plasma from fresh, untreated chicken semen on Bio-Rad A1.5m agarose gel yielded five major peaks of ultraviolet absorbancy at 280 nm. Two peaks with 280/260 absorbancy ratios less than unity suggested the presence of free nucleotides. Enzyme assays on the eluent fractions resulted in substantial single peaks of lactic dehydrogenase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, phosphohexose isomerase, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activity. Acetylcholinesterase and aminopeptidase assays produced multiple peaks of activity. No trypsin-like enzyme activity was detected, suggesting the presence of a seminal plasma trypsin-like enzyme inhibitor. Molecular weight estimates were obtained for all enzyme activity peaks. PMID- 1135131 TI - Alleviating mortality associated with a vitamin E-selenium deficiency by dietary ascorbic acid. AB - Adding ascorbic acid to a practical ration deficient in vitamin E and selenium for the growing duck substantially reduced associated mortality. The continued appearance of various myopathies but absence of vascular faults supported implication of a reduced de novo ascorbate synthesis as part of the syndrome. Presumably, alleviation of this induced secondary inadequacy with its more lethal pathology was the primary reason for the lower death rate. PMID- 1135132 TI - The effect of cropectomy on selected reproductive and physiological characteristics of laying hens. AB - Two-hundred and fifty Babcock B-300 pullets (18 weeks of age) were either cropectomized, sham-operated or used as unoperated controls in two experiments. Although feed consumption was slightly less in cropectomized birds than in control birds, the pattern of feed consumption in relation to time of day remained unchanged. Egg production and body weight of cropectomized birds were significantly lower than that of control or sham birds. Egg weight was not affected by cropectomy or the sham operation. Cropectomy had no influence on the pattern of serum calcium or on egg specific gravity in relation to time of day; however, serum calcium and egg specific gravity was consistently lower at each time interval measured throughout the day or night when compared to that of controls. The adverse effect of cropectomy on specific gravity of eggs and serum calcium indicated that the crop is an important organ in the laying hen. The crop appeared to serve as a storage depot for feed providing the bird with nutrients necessary for optimal shell quality during periods on non-consumption. PMID- 1135133 TI - Relationship of heat tolerance and oxygen consumption in chickens. AB - Chicks from lines genetically selected for high or low heat tolerance were compared to lines selected for high or low oxygen consumption. Oxygen consumption, survival time, respiration rate, lung capacity and body weight were determined. Selection for high oxygen consumption ahd high heat tolerance resulted in birds with similar characteristics. The high line birds for both heat tolerance and oxygen consumption had greater oxygen consumption, survival time and lung capacity but lower body weight. PMID- 1135134 TI - An attempt to force molt small egg-type pullets. AB - Small 1.1 kg. egg-type pullets having the sex-linked dw dwarfing gene were more resistant to a force molting program started at 11 months of age than were their 1.4 kg. non-dwarf counterparts. Water deprivation appeared to prevent egg production sooner in the dwarfs than in the non-dwarfs but egg production eight weeks after initiation of the force molt program was 46 per cent versus 64 per cent for the non-dwarf pullets. PMID- 1135135 TI - Growth inhibition of broilers by diammonium citrate. AB - In two experiments with young chicks, weight gains were never increased by diammonium citrate (DAC) added to low-protein, amino-acid-supplemented, semipurified diets. Added vitamin B6 seemed effective in slightly reducing the growth-inhibition caused by DAC and in improving weight gains per gram of nitrogen retained from DAC diets. PMID- 1135136 TI - Leukopenia in neonatal Japanese quail. AB - Japanese quail were sacrificed at one or two days after hatching. several hematological parameters were measured. A leukopenia occurred in the two-day-old quail. Concomitantly the circulating numbers of lymphocytes were reduced in the older quail. It appears that this functional leukopenia is attributable to reduced numbers of lymphocytes and may represent an heretofore undefined physiological adaptive mechanism which occurs during the early neonatal period. PMID- 1135137 TI - A study of thyroid activity in dwarf and non-dwarf female chicks during key physiological states of growth and reproduction. AB - Thyroid function, as indicated by the maximum percent uptake of iodine-131, was measured in non-dwarf and recessive, sex-linked dwarf White Leghorn female chickens at different ages. The rate of uptake and release of 131-I by the thyroid gland was closely monitored over a period of eight days after the injection of the isotope. No significant differences were observed in thyroid uptake value of dwarf chicks in one-week-old group (approximately equal to 11.5 per cent for each group). At the age of four weeks the maximum uptake was only 5.58 per cent in dwarfs compared to 10.11 per cent in non-dwarf chicks. Potassium thiocyanate treatment caused a significant reduction in the uptake of iodine-131 by the thyroid glands of both 4-week-old dwarf and non-dwarf chicks although there was no difference in the response pattern of either group to the treatment. Dwarf laying-hens had a significantly lower maximum thyroid uptake (1.4 per cent) when compared to non-dwarf laying hens (2.48 per cent). A consistantly slower rate of uptake by the thyroid glands of dwarf chickens was observed for all age groups than equivalent non-dwarfs but there were no apparent differences in the release rates of 131-I by dwarfs when compared to non-dwarfs. No significant differences were observed between the 131-I uptake by the ovaries or eggs of both dwarf and non-dwarf laying hens. A gradual decrease in thyroid activity was observed in both dwarf and non-dwarf chickens with increased age. From this study it was evident that the dwarf bird had significantly lower thyroid activity but with normal organification. The defect in thyroid function in the dwarf bird apparently was not at the level of synthesis but at the level of uptake of iodine. PMID- 1135138 TI - Quantitative aspects of the Staphylococcus aureus flora of poultry. AB - Important populations of Staphylococcus aureus were found to be present on the body surfaces of live poultry originating from flocks without history of staphylococcal disease. Their sized increased considerably until approximately the seventh week of life after which time they were maintained at equally high levels. Significant correlations were found between the populations recovered from superficial wash samples and skin-tissue samples. Similarly the numbers isolated from the nasal cavities were correlated with other surface counts. Low numbers were present in the intestinal tract. Birds with staphylococcal synovitis had higher numbers in all sampling regions. The counts were very high in subjects suffering from staphylococcal dermatitis. Higher rates of positive birds and higher numbers of staphylococci were detected with a whole body sampling method than with a nasal swab technique. The isolates obtained in this study belonged to the S. aureus biotype B which is associated with poultry and pigs. PMID- 1135139 TI - [Studies on the esthetic judgement of children with minimal brain dysfunction]. PMID- 1135140 TI - [Constellation of sisters and brothers in the family and the structure of neurosis]. PMID- 1135141 TI - [Change of standards or diagnostically relevant test profiles in WISC?]. PMID- 1135142 TI - [May we predict legasthenic and dyscalculatoric school difficulties]. PMID- 1135143 TI - [Problems and experiences in interviewing 5-6-years-old preschool children]. PMID- 1135145 TI - [School-maturation of the child and the influence of education]. PMID- 1135144 TI - [Group-dynamic treatment methods in juvenile delinquency institutions. Results of a research project]. PMID- 1135146 TI - [Teamwork of the pedagogical-psychological consultation center in Innsbruck]. PMID- 1135147 TI - [Swiss Center for Therapeutic Education (SCTE). Report on activity 1972/73 (Nov. 1, 1972 - Dec 31, 1973)]. PMID- 1135148 TI - [Different anxiety cathexis in 10-12 year old urban and rural school children- results of empirical studies]. PMID- 1135149 TI - [Look into a juvenile prison]. PMID- 1135150 TI - [Personal losses as determinant of partner choice in parents of children with behavior disorders]. PMID- 1135151 TI - [Reliability and validity study of trampolin use in the diagnosis of disturbed motor activity in children]. PMID- 1135152 TI - [Rehabilitation after acute myocardial infarction (author's transl)]. PMID- 1135153 TI - [Long-term prognosis following severe complications of acute myocardial infarction (author's transl)]. PMID- 1135154 TI - [Necrotizing pancreatitis after formic acid and hydrofluoric acid burns]. PMID- 1135155 TI - [Diagnostic limits in knee arthrography (a retrospective study) (author's transl)]. PMID- 1135156 TI - [Importance of long-term neuroleptics in clinic and practise (author's transl)]. PMID- 1135157 TI - [Editorial: medical treatment of gallstones]. PMID- 1135158 TI - [The primary or secondary focal glomerulonephritis (about 41 patients)]. PMID- 1135159 TI - [The treatment of anaemia in pregnancy with duofer]. PMID- 1135160 TI - [Editorial: Viruses and Glomerulonephritis (author's transl)]. PMID- 1135161 TI - [Heart and altitude]. PMID- 1135162 TI - [Practical postgraduate course in diabetology (author's transl)]. PMID- 1135163 TI - [Electrocardiogram of the child]. PMID- 1135164 TI - ECG changes during the first 5-6 days after birth. Some factors that may be involved. PMID- 1135165 TI - Characteristic features of the ECG of premature infants during the first year of life. With a comment on a large Q in lead III and the incidence of pattern types in right and left precordial leads. PMID- 1135166 TI - Electrocardiographic patterns in normal children. PMID- 1135167 TI - [Ectopic tachycardias in newborns, infants and children [ author'strans]. PMID- 1135168 TI - [Sensitivity of adipose tissue to insulin in latent diabetes mellitus (a clinico- experimental study)]. AB - A study was made of the sensitivity of adipose tissue to insulin in patients with latent diabetes mellitus and in rats with latent alloxan diabetes. Investigations were carried out by the intensity of glucose-C-14 incorporation into total lipids of adipose tissue during its incubation with various insulin concentrations. It was demonstrated that in rats with latent alloxan diabetes sensitivity of adipose tissue to insulin was unchanged in comparison with control rats. Sensitivity of adipose tissue to insulin was significantly reduced in the patients with latent diabetes mellitus in comparison with control. The data obtained indicated that reduction of the sensitivity of adipose tissue to insulin in patients with latent diabetes mellitus served as a primary factor in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, responsible for the appearance of a relative insulin deficiency. PMID- 1135169 TI - [The contractile capacity of the myocardium, the effect of insulin on it and indices of central hemodynamics in patients with diabetes mellitus]. AB - In comparing the indices in 105 patients with diabetes and in 75 healthy persons a possibility was revealed of significant disturbances of the contractile function of the myocardium also in young patients with diabetes without any clinico-instrumental signs of coronary atherosclerosis. This proves the significane not only of atherosclerotic changes in the development of myocardial pathology in diabetes, but alos of the metabolic ones. Against the opinion of some authors, when given in the usual therapeutic doses insulin failed to lead to negative shifts in the phasic structure of the left ventricle systole in diabetics. For the first time investigations of hemodynamics by the method of diluted Evans blue demonstrated an increase in the plasma volume and of the circulating blood mass, and a decrease of circulation velocity in diabetes. PMID- 1135170 TI - [The scintigraphic image of the thyroid gland in large cell eosinophilic tumors- Hurthle cell adenoma and Langhans struma]. AB - Thirteen patients (12 women and 1 man), chiefly aged from 40 to 60 years and suffering from Langhans struma and Hurthle-cell adenoma were examined and operated on. Scintigraphic study of the thyroid gland was conducted in 6 patients with histologically proved Hurthle-cell adenoma; "warm" nodes were revealed in 3 and "cold" nodes also in 3 cases. Three scintigraphic images with a "cold" node and 1--with a "warm" node were obtained in the patients with Langhans struma. In one case with a "hot" node and in one case with a "warm" node of the Hurthle group there was a clinical picture of moderately severe thyrotoxicosis. The differences in the thyroscintigraphic pictures in eosinophilic tumours pointed to the necessity of additional clinical and laboratory investigations. PMID- 1135171 TI - [The state of iodine metabolism in vegeto-vascular dystonia and neurasthenia]. AB - A method of radiometry of the whole body was applied to the study of iodine metabolism in 288 patients directed for examination with a preliminary diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis. The state of iodine metabolism was disturbed in half of them. In 9.1 per cent the changes corresponded to thyrotoxicosis, hypothyroidism. In the rest--disturbances followed the type of dissociation of iodine metabolism, i.e. only one of its phases altered, with a normal value of the rest. A total of 4 dissociation types were noted. The most frequent were the following: normal accumulation of iodine in the thyroid gland in combination with reduced level of organic iodine in the body and increased ioding content in the thyroid gland in combination with the normal organic iodine level in the body. PMID- 1135172 TI - [Brachymetacarpia in disorders of the rate of physical growth]. AB - On the basis of studying roentgenograms of 1007 wrists in 769 persons the author presents the incidence of the metacarpal syndrome in the population and in some disturbances of the rate of physical development. A metacarpal index determined by roentgenogram as the ratio of the IV and the II metacarpal bones multiplied by 100 is suggested. The value ocal and is often encountered in gonad dysgenesia. Estrogen therapy failed to eliminate this ratio disturbance in the metacarpus. Girls with an accelerated physical development had a tendency to increase of the metacarpal index. As a rule this index was within the normal limits in Klinefelter's syndrome. PMID- 1135174 TI - [The state of the Endocrinology Service in the Lithuanian SSR]. PMID- 1135173 TI - [Determination of the relationship between 11-hydroxy- and 11-desoxy-17-hydroxy corticosteroids in urine]. PMID- 1135175 TI - [Blood sugar and plasma immunoreactive insulin levels in healthy pregnant women undergoing the glucose tolerance test]. AB - The level of blood sugar and of blood plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI) on fasting stomach and during the glucose (per os) tolerance test (GTT) were studied in apparently healthy 8 nonpregnant and 20 pregnant women (11 of them were examined once and 9 repeatedly in the course of pregnancy). GTT proved to be normal in all the women; there sere no signs pointing to the possibility of prediabetic state. Blood sugar on fasting stomach was somewhat lower in pregnant women than in the nonpregnant ones. Therefore, despite the absence of significant differences between the mean blood sugar values during the GTT in the pregnant and onopregnant women the mean sugar elevation during the whole GTT period was significantly higher in women of the III trimester of pregnancy than in the nonpregnant women. Blood plasma IRI content on fasting stomach during the II trimester of pregnancy had a tendency to elevation, and during the III trimester was significantly greater than in the nonpregnant women and in the I and II trimesters of pregnancy. The maximal blood plasma IRI elevation after taking glucose occurred later in the pregnant women was significantly higher during the II and the III trimesters than in the nonpregnant women. During the III trimester of pregnancy there was a singnificantly greater mean IRI elevation in the whole course of the GGT than in the nonpregnant women. IRI index showed no significant change in the pregnant women. The revealed character of the sugar and IRI ratio in the blood on fasting stomach and during the GTTpermits to suggest that hyperinsulinemia during pregnancy bore the character of a compensatory process. The absence of any changes in the IRI index pointed to the functional preservation of the insular apparatus in healthy pregnant women despite the fact that it was subject to a constant and increasing tension with the progress of pregnancy. PMID- 1135176 TI - [The activity of rat adenohypophyseal acid protease following thyroidectomy and loading with exogenous somatotropic hormone]. PMID- 1135177 TI - [Placental permeability to thyroxine]. AB - This is an experimental work. Investigations were carried out on albino rats on the 18th day of pregnancy. A study was made of I-131-labelled thyroxin penetration from the maternal organism into the fetus and vice versa. Radiological and radiochromatographic analysis of the blood samples of both the mother and the fetuses at various time intervals after the administration of radioactive thyroxin showed that the isotope in the form of thyroxin failed to penetrate from the mother to the fetus and vice versa. A conclusion was drawn that during prenatal development the function of the fetal thyroid gland was automatic. PMID- 1135178 TI - [Blood cholinesterase in rats with experimental thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism]. AB - Changes in the sum total activity of cholinesterase of the plasma and erythrocytes (AC substrate) and also separately of acetyl- and pseudocholinesterase (MeC and ByC substrates) were studied in experiments on rats with thyrotoxin toxicosis and 6-methylthiouracil hypothyroidism. The sum total activity of cholinesterase proved to increase in the erythrocytes of rats with thyrotoxicosis and fell in the erythrocytes and plasma of animals with hypothyroidism. The activity of acetylcholinesterase of erythrocytes and plasma increased in thyrotoxicosis and decreased in hypothyroidism. The activity of pseudocholinesterase of erythrocytes and plasma decreased in thyrotoxicosis and showed no significant difference in hypothyroidism. PMID- 1135179 TI - [The effect of experimental hypothyroidism in rats on the level of glycoproteins in the serum, kidneys and lungs]. AB - The influence of the hypothyroid state (induced by dialy administration of 30 mg/100 g body wt of methyluracil, per os, for three weeks) on the perchloric acid soluble protein level, protein-bound hexoses and protein-bound hexosamines in the blood serum, kidneys and lung tissue or rat were studied; there proved to be a statistically significant decrease in the serum and tissues of the hypothyroid rats. As to the changes in the protein-bound hexoses/protein-bound hexosamines ratio--they were not significant. PMID- 1135180 TI - [The effect of desoxycorticosterone acetate on the activity of the lysosomal enzymes of lymphoid organs]. AB - The authors present the results of study or fegularities attending the changes in the activity of free, total and bound fractions of the lysosomal enzymes--beta glucosidase and beta-galactosidase in the thymus and the spleen of rabbits under conditions of DOCA administration. The activity of the enzymes was studied 30 min, 1, 4, 12, 24 and 48 hours after a single injection of the hormone. DOCA administration caused biphasic changes in the activity of both glycosidases. A marked increase in the activity of all the enzyme fractions during the first experimental hours was later replaced by their fall. An increase in the activity of glycosidases at the early periods of DOCA administration pointed to the intensification of the enzymatic synthesis, and also could be associated with the spicific induction of the enzymatic activity. The activity of beta-glucosidase and of beta-galactosidase directly depended on DOCA dose. Effects similar to the experiments in vivo were obtained in vitro. The activity of hyaluronidase under the effect of Dca decreased considerably in the thymus and the spleen, particularly at the early experimental periods, pointing to reduction of tissue permeability of the lymphoid organs. PMID- 1135182 TI - [Use of dicinon in subacute hypoplastic anemia]. AB - The authors sum up the data on the hemostatic action of dicinon in 20 patients with hypoplastic anemia. Dicinon proved to promote the arrest of a hemorrhagic syndrome in cases in which the changes in the vascular factors prevailed in the pathogenesis of the hemorrhagic tendency. PMID- 1135181 TI - [The effect of thymectomy on several types of metabolism in tissues and on the concentration of corticosteroids in the blood of adult rats]. AB - The concentration of 11-OCS in the blood plasma increased 2 weeks after thymectomy of adult rats; 3 to 4 weeks later this index fell to subnormal values. The following changes were observed in the spleen 2 to 4 weeks after the operation: a reduction of P-32 incorporation into the RNA and particularly into the DNA and also a fall of the ATP phosphate and lactic acid concentration with a simultaneous increase of P-32 incorporation into the whole tissue and of the K/Na ratio. With some reduction of ATP phosphate and in the absence of any increase in P-32 incorporation into the whole tissue there was an increase in P-32 incorporation into the RNA. The absence of such metabolic changes in case of false thymectomy and following splenectomy pointed to their specific dependence on the exclusion of the thymus function. Dynamics of these shifts failed to correlate with the changes in the 11-OCS content in the majority of the tissues. PMID- 1135183 TI - [Changes in the blood coagulation system in patients with mechanical trauma and burns]. AB - A comparative study of the changes in the coagulogram in patients with mechanical trauma and burn cases showed a commonness between the disturbances in the hemostasis in mechanical and thermal trauma expressed in their the same direction and order. At first there was a brief hypocoagulation phase, and this was followed by hypercoagulation due to intensification of the procoagulant activity and depression of fibrinolysis. In patients with burns the changes in the blood coagulation system were more prolonged and sharper, than in the patients with mechanical injury. Coronary disturbances often accompanied hypercoagulation. Pneumonia developing in the patients with both types of the trauma under study intensified hemostatic disturbances. PMID- 1135184 TI - [Oligonucleotides of human thrombocytes and their participation in the release reaction induced by thrombin]. AB - The presence of a fraction of oligonucleotides rich in adenin, and a high metabolic activity of this fraction was demonstrated. Data are presented on the participation of adenin-rich oligonucleotides of human platelets in the blood coagulation system reactions, namely in the release reaction induced by thrombin. PMID- 1135185 TI - [Characteristics of hemocoagulation in different periods of the development of a venous intravascular thrombus]. AB - Experiments were conducted on rabbits. A study was made of peculiarities of blood coagulation and of the functional changes in platelets at the period of the thrombus organization, and also at various stages after its formation in the femoral vein. It appeared that at the period of the thrombus formation and during the first 5 minutes after its organization there occurred hypercoagulation changes in the blood and hypocoagulation of the plasma against the background of decrease in fibrinogen, hyperfibrinolysis, hyperheparinemia and thrombocytopenia. One to three days after the thrombosis of the femoral vein the blood hypercoagulation capacity becomes less pronounced. At this time thrombocytosis, an increase in fibrinogen content, hypoheparinemia and inhibition of fibrinolysis are observed. In the authors' opinion, hemocoagulation changes in venous thrombosis were chiefly caused by the hypercoagulation activity of the blood formed elements. PMID- 1135186 TI - [Changes in the activity of thrombocytic factors of coagulation in hypercoagulation induced by the administration of adrenaline]. AB - In adrenaline hypercoagulation and also on addition of adrenaline to platelets in vitro there occurred a marked increase in the activity of the 3rd and the 4th platelet factors; the activity of the 1st and the 2nd platelet factors displayed no significant change under the effect of adrenaline. Hypercoagulation state was accompanied by an accelerated formation of the clot; the process of retraction ends more rapidly. PMID- 1135187 TI - [Hemocoagulation and fibrinolytic properties of alkaline phosphatase]. AB - The work is devoted to the analysis of hemocoagulation and fibrinolytic properties of a commercial preparation of alkaline phosphatase from the mucosa of the small intestine of a chick. The results of this work indicated that the catalytic separation of the phosphate groups under the effect of alkaline phosphatase was not a significant link in the biochemical mechanism of the blood plasma coagulation and activation of the fibrinolytic process. PMID- 1135188 TI - [Blast transformation of the lymphocytes of the blood of Macaca rhesus in culture by means of stimulation with phytohemagglutinin and allogenic leukocytes (methods of cultivation and quantitative evaluation of blast transformation)]. AB - The authors consider a number of methodical questions of great significance for the brief-term cultures of both human and animal lymphocytes. A method of assessment of blast transformation of lymphocytes by radiometric measurement of H 3-thymidine incorporated into the cells was elaborated. A heterogenic system trichloracetic acid-insoluble cell fraction on a millipore filter--was used for measuring the tritium irradiation. PMID- 1135189 TI - [Development of transplanted leukocytes in mice in the period of hemogenic regeneration of blood-producing tissues in their bodies]. AB - Observation over the course of leukemic process caused by the administration to syngenous mice of cells of spontaneous leukemia of AKR mice indicated some delay of its development in the organism of animals with regenerating lymphoid organs. PMID- 1135190 TI - [Submicroscopic formations of an unknown nature in the eosinophils of the blood of dogs]. AB - The authors describe ultrastructure in dog blood eosinophils, unknown formerly. These formations look like dumb-bells or rods, 0,003-0,005 micron in length. A double-contour membrane is distinct under high magnification. The structures contain a homogeneous matrix, more electron-dense than the matrix of the cytoplasm itself. They are distributed mostly in groups (3-4), in parallel, at a small distance from one another; sometimes they are scattered singly at the periphery of the cytoplasm. Several suggestions were made on the role of the mentioned structures in the eosinophilic leukocyte function. PMID- 1135191 TI - [Production of a specific substrate-human plasminogen--for the quantitative determination of plasminogen activator in the blood plasma in sudden death]. PMID- 1135192 TI - [Some problems in the organization and management of the hematologic service]. PMID- 1135193 TI - [Evaluation of modern bronchological methods in differential diagnosis of tuberculosis]. PMID- 1135194 TI - [Course of bronchial tuberculosis in adult and elderly patients with adenogenic broncho-pulmonary tuberculosis]. PMID- 1135195 TI - [Clinical manifestations of recurrent tuberculous bronchoadenitis]. PMID- 1135196 TI - [Tuberculosis in patients with Lymphogranulomatosis]. PMID- 1135197 TI - [Aspergillosis and tuberculosis]. PMID- 1135198 TI - [Adiapiromycosis of the lungs]. PMID- 1135199 TI - [Reactivity of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and concomitant diabetes mellitus]. PMID- 1135200 TI - [Electrocardiography in the evaluation of the condition of the myocardium in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis associated with diabetes mellitus]. PMID- 1135201 TI - [Diabetes mellitus in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis]. PMID- 1135202 TI - [Rehabilitation of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis working in the machine building industry]. PMID- 1135203 TI - [Intermittent intravenous chemotherapy of patients with newly detected pulmonary tuberculosis]. PMID- 1135204 TI - [Clinico-morphological characteristics of tuberculous pleurisy (according to data of puncture biopsy of the pleura)]. PMID- 1135205 TI - [Outcome of surgical treatment depending on clinico-morphological characteristics of destructive pulmonary tuberculosis]. PMID- 1135206 TI - [Decompression operations in the treatment of late paralysis in patients with spinal tuberculosis]. PMID- 1135207 TI - [Combined treatment of experimental silicotuberculosis with poly-2-vinylpyridine N-oxide and isoniazid]. PMID- 1135208 TI - [Chemotherapeutic effect and pharmacokinetics of rifampicin and ethambutol]. PMID- 1135209 TI - [Determination of streptomycin concentration in the blood of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis by the method of polarography]. PMID- 1135210 TI - [Indicator method of determination of tuberculostatic drugs in the urine]. PMID- 1135211 TI - [Occupational rehabilitation of invalids having had tuberculosis]. PMID- 1135212 TI - [Ornithosis pneumonia in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis]. PMID- 1135213 TI - [Osteoplastic pneumopathy]. PMID- 1135214 TI - [Immediate and remote results of restoration of diaphragmatic function by the method of diaphragmolysis]. PMID- 1135215 TI - [Epidemiological importance of tuberculosis recurrence according to materials of dispensaries in the city of Sverdlovsk]. PMID- 1135216 TI - [Forms and methods of information and practical utilization of scientific achievements in antituberculosis institutions (according to data of the Republics' tuberculosis institutes during the years 1968-1972)]. PMID- 1135217 TI - [Remote results of pneumonectomy in patients with fibrous-cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis]. PMID- 1135218 TI - [Effectiveness of lung resection in pulmonary tuberculosis]. PMID- 1135219 TI - [Reactivation of the process after partial lung resection in patients with disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis]. PMID- 1135220 TI - [Effect of proteolytic enzymes on the function of external respiration in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis after partial resections]. PMID- 1135221 TI - [Radioisotope scanning of the lungs after surgery of pulmonary tuberculosis]. PMID- 1135222 TI - [Importance of radioisotope scanning in different lung diseases]. PMID- 1135223 TI - [Importance of radioisotope scanning of the lungs in the treatment of infiltrative tuberculosis]. PMID- 1135224 TI - [[Function of external respiration in persons with metatuberculous changes in the lungs]. PMID- 1135225 TI - [[Circulating blood volume during surgical treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis]. PMID- 1135226 TI - [Spontaneous pneumothorax in nonspecific lung diseases]. PMID- 1135227 TI - [Clinico-anatomical analysis of thromboembolism in the pulmonary artery]. PMID- 1135228 TI - [Course and outcome of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients who declined to submit to surgical treatment]. PMID- 1135229 TI - [Recurrent hemorrhagic pleurisy simulating mesothelioma]. PMID- 1135230 TI - [Methodological recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis of the trachea and bronchi]. PMID- 1135231 TI - [Types of information and practical utilization of scientific achievements by antituberculosis institutions]. PMID- 1135232 TI - [Transport of three flavonoids across artificial and biological membranes. Second communication. Transport across membranes of lipid composition]. PMID- 1135233 TI - [Tablets. XII]. PMID- 1135234 TI - Biological activity of 6-methyl-1,10-phenanthroline methyliodides. PMID- 1135235 TI - [A new technique in galenic pharmacy, microencapsulation]. PMID- 1135236 TI - A factorial design for compatibility studies on preformulation work. PMID- 1135237 TI - Urinary excretion studies of coated sulfamethazine. PMID- 1135238 TI - Aspects of the photochemical behaviour of 1-hydroxypyridine-2-thione. PMID- 1135239 TI - Evaluation of different viscosity grades of sodium carboxymethylcellulose as tablet disintegrants. PMID- 1135240 TI - [Newer aspects in the development of anthelmintics]. PMID- 1135241 TI - [Steroids. 15. Sulfonyloxy derivatives of estrogens]. PMID- 1135242 TI - [Steroids from hyodesoxycholic acid I. 16 beta-methyl-16 alpha, 17 alpha epoxyprogesterone]. PMID- 1135243 TI - [Cortodoxone (cortexolone) from hyodesoxycholic acid methyl ester]. PMID- 1135244 TI - [Synthesis of 17-ethylidene steroids by reduction of thiuronium salts with sodium in liquid ammonia. 6. Steroids and steroid-like]. PMID- 1135245 TI - [Dissociation between antigonadotropic and interceptive activities of selected estratrine derivatives]. PMID- 1135246 TI - [Effect on mestranol on the gravidity of mice]. PMID- 1135247 TI - [Drug release from suspension ointments. 6. Effect of prednisolone concentration on release rates]. PMID- 1135248 TI - [The alteration of the properties of compressed preparations by simultaneous change of pressing power and tensid content]. PMID- 1135250 TI - A study on eye drops containing phenylephrine. PMID- 1135249 TI - Volumetric determination of antazoline, diphenhydramine and ephedrine in some pharmaceutical preparations. PMID- 1135251 TI - A study on syrups containing ascorbic acid and B-complex vitamins. PMID- 1135252 TI - A new mercurimetric method for the semimicro estimation of some pharmaceutical hydrazine derivatives. PMID- 1135253 TI - [Contactless determination of the speed of stirring]. PMID- 1135254 TI - Nonverbal communication during physical therapy. AB - This study was designed to investigate nonverbal communication in a physical therapy setting. The investigation was accomplished by observing patient-physical therapist interaction during treatment sessions, recording nonverbal behaviors capable of communicating, and interviewing the patient and therapist to discuss the nonverbal communication that occurred during the treatment. Nonverbal communication was present in the physical therapy setting, although both patient and therapist were aware of nonverbal behavior only 50 percent of the time. Nonverbal communication was used to maintain or establish an emotionally supportive treatment setting and to clarify or explain treatment instruction. Nonverbal communication in this setting and for these purposes was deemed effective. PMID- 1135255 TI - Following up the physical therapist assistant graduate; a curriculum evaluation process. AB - Graduates of the physical therapist assistant program at St. Mary's Junior College in Minneapolis, Minnesota, were studied to ascertain how well prepared they had been for the demands of their jobs and to discover what revisions in the program curriculum might be appropriate. Working graduates and their supervisors were surveyed to obtain information about the frequency and independence of performance of 111 tasks appropriate to physical therapy departments. The response was 90 percent. The St. Mary's curriculum was considered appropriate in most respects. More than 25 percent of the supervisors considered emphasis inadequate only for facilitation, breathing, and mat exercises. Graduates' recommended changes were more extensive, suggesting a desire to expand their knowledge. A manual was designed to guide program faculties through follow-up of their own graduates. The manual includes questionnaires, worksheets, and a guide to analysis. The authors suggest that the process may also be useful for other technical-level allied health occupations. PMID- 1135256 TI - Rehabilitation of a patient severely involved with multiple sclerosis. AB - This case study presents a young woman who was admitted to our facility in an emaciated physical condition. She had multiple pressure sores and severe contractures about the neck, trunk, and lower extremities, necessitating dependence in all care. Slow but consistent progress was noted trhoughout a four month aggressive rehabilitation program. The various treatment approaches and resulting functional gains are detailed. PMID- 1135257 TI - Finger exercise device for adduction and opposition. PMID- 1135258 TI - Letter: Chiropractic. PMID- 1135259 TI - Letter: On the bylaw amendment for assistants. PMID- 1135260 TI - Cardiopulmonary resuscitation. A survey of instruction in physical therapy schools. AB - Sixty-two physical therapy schools were surveyed reageding their teaching of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Eighty-two percent of the schools responded to the questions and 27 percent indicated no such instruction. Included in this report is a copy of the questionnaire and the results of the survey. The recommendation is made that all physical therapists receive adequate training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation and that their competency be confirmed by examination. PMID- 1135261 TI - Physical therapist assistant selection and academic success. AB - Assessment of a standardized test as one criterion for student admission to a physical therapist assistant program is made. Comparisons are made of ACT scores between the physical therapist assistant and associate degree nurse, and the physical therapist assistant and the practical nurse. A correlation matrix was used to analyze data with differences among the three groups determined by t test computation. This sample supports a positive correlation of ACT test scores with graduation grade point average. The means show no significant difference between the two associate degree programs and a significant difference between the associate degree programs and the practical nurse program. PMID- 1135262 TI - A method of measuring the duration of foot-floor contact during walking. AB - A new method for monitoring the durations of foot-floor contact during walking is described. The method uses a screen walkway and conducting paper on the soles of the shoes as parts of an electrical circuit. The materials used are identified and circuit diagrams are provided. Several clinical applications and advantages and disadvantages of the method are discussed. PMID- 1135263 TI - Example of part-time study in undergraduate physical therapy education. AB - The rationale and format for a part-time program in undergraduate physical therapy are presented. The part-time program allows students to gain credit for prior related experience or training and to pursue professional education while continuing to work. Part-time study is a viable alternative that should be considered in physical therapy education. PMID- 1135264 TI - An inexpensive hand volume tank. PMID- 1135265 TI - Foam wedges aid sitting posture of patients with total hip replacement. PMID- 1135266 TI - Let's reduce the communication gap. How to present data in figures and tables. PMID- 1135267 TI - Letter: Weight-bearing orthoses. PMID- 1135268 TI - Letter: Shiatsu. PMID- 1135269 TI - Letter: Electrical hazards. PMID- 1135270 TI - Derivation of photochrome absorption spectra from absorbance difference measurements. PMID- 1135271 TI - Phytochrome-mediated control of prolamellar body reorganization and plastid size in mustard cotyledons. PMID- 1135272 TI - Ring opening as a photochemical reaction of phenylalanine at 254 nm. PMID- 1135273 TI - Low-temperature absorption and fluorescence spectra and quantum yields of bilirubin. PMID- 1135274 TI - Study of the effects of ultraviolet light on biomembranes--IV. The effects of oxygen on UV-induced hemolysis and lipid photoperoxidation in rat erythrocytes and liposomes. PMID- 1135275 TI - Photochemistry of some furo (3,2-g)-coumarin and 2,3-dihydrofuro (3,2-g)-coumarin derivatives. PMID- 1135276 TI - Kinetic analysis of a very rapidly reverting population of high-molecular-weight phytochrome. PMID- 1135277 TI - Luminescence properties and related photochemistry of 4-amino-2 methoxypyrimidine. PMID- 1135278 TI - Photocyclo addition of acetone to uracil and cytosine. PMID- 1135279 TI - Redox dyes as artificial photoreceptors in light-dependent carotenoid synthesis. PMID- 1135280 TI - Induction of skin tumors in hairless mice by a single exposure to UV radiation. PMID- 1135281 TI - Analysis of the binding of phytochrome to particulate fractions. PMID- 1135282 TI - Photosensitized deamination of sulfur-amino acids by flavin mononucleotide. PMID- 1135283 TI - Flavin-sensitized photooxidation of histidine. PMID- 1135285 TI - President's report. PMID- 1135284 TI - Time course of microsecond delayed light emission from Scenedesmus obliquus at intermittent illumination. PMID- 1135286 TI - Nineteenth Bowditch lecture. Ionic pores and gates in nerve membranes. PMID- 1135287 TI - Emission of the maternal pheromone in the nulliparous female and failure of emission in the adult male. PMID- 1135288 TI - Stimulation to N. raphe dorsalis, central gray and hypothalamus: inhibitory and aversive effects. PMID- 1135289 TI - Classical conditioning of heart rate in rats using direct vagal stimulation as a US. PMID- 1135290 TI - Self-intravenous drinking and regulation of hydromineral balance in rats recovering from lesions of the lateral hypothalamus. PMID- 1135291 TI - Latency and duration of estrogen induction of maternal behavior in hysterectomized-ovariectomized virgin rats: effects of pup stimulation. PMID- 1135292 TI - Polyethylene glycol induced thirst: a dual stimulatory mechanism? PMID- 1135293 TI - Effect of free fatty acid on the rat lateral hypothalamic neurons. PMID- 1135294 TI - Feeding in response to repeated protamine zinc insulin injections. PMID- 1135295 TI - Action of serotonin microinjected into hypothalamic sites at which electrical stimulation produced aversive responses in the rat. PMID- 1135296 TI - Adjunctive behavior induced by different conditions of wheel running. PMID- 1135297 TI - A device for beveling fine micropipettes. PMID- 1135298 TI - A simple and economical method for recording offkey pecking in the pigeon. PMID- 1135299 TI - Dual isolated constant current source for stimulating two brain sites. PMID- 1135300 TI - A simple tissue slicer. PMID- 1135301 TI - RNA metabolism in regions of mouse brain during spatial reversal learning. PMID- 1135302 TI - Independence of temporal patterning of male mating behavior from the influence of androgen during the neonatal period. PMID- 1135303 TI - Predatory behavior of Gambusia affinis in relation to different light colors. PMID- 1135304 TI - Gustatory hyposensitivity to quinine hydrochloride following diencephalic lesions in Gallus domesticus. PMID- 1135305 TI - Effects of neonatal androgens on open-field behavior and maze learning in the prepubescent and adult rat. PMID- 1135306 TI - Classical conditioning, sensitization and habituation in the spinal cat. PMID- 1135307 TI - Caloric compensation in hypothalamic obese rats. PMID- 1135308 TI - Environmental enrichment and deprivation: effects on learning, memory and exploration. PMID- 1135309 TI - Male copulatory behavior and female maternal behavior in neonatally bulbectomized rats. PMID- 1135310 TI - Overtraining in hooded rats under unilateral spreading depression. PMID- 1135311 TI - Technique for producing directionally specific brain lesions with radio frequency current. PMID- 1135312 TI - Adrenal mediation of estrogen-induced ejaculatory behavior in the male rat. PMID- 1135313 TI - Effect of septal lesions on time discrimination in cats. PMID- 1135314 TI - Access rate as a determinant of sucrose or water preference in water-deprived rats. PMID- 1135315 TI - Medial septal lesions and the frustration effect. PMID- 1135316 TI - Sex differences in open-field behavior in the rat: the inductive and activational role of gonadal hormones. PMID- 1135317 TI - Interaction of hunger and thirst in rats with lesions of the preoptic area. PMID- 1135318 TI - Taste and physiological need in vitamin C intake by guinea pigs. PMID- 1135319 TI - Plasticity of visual evoked potentials in kittens demonstrated by operant conditioning. PMID- 1135320 TI - Skin color and autonomic nervous system measures. PMID- 1135321 TI - Food rejection by female rhesus monkeys during the menstrual cycle and early pregnancy. PMID- 1135322 TI - Development of the electrocorticogram during starvation in the rat. PMID- 1135323 TI - Suppression of lordosis in the hormone-primed female hamster by electrical stimulation of the septal area. PMID- 1135325 TI - Deficits in consummatory responses to regulatory challenges following basal ganglialesions in rats. PMID- 1135324 TI - Behavioral and endocrine responses of rats with hereditary hypothalamic diabetes insipidus (Brattleboro strain). PMID- 1135326 TI - Anodal electrolytic brain lesions: how current and electrode metal influence lesion size and hyperphagiosity. PMID- 1135327 TI - Behavioral and physiological responses to dipsogens: a comparative analysis. PMID- 1135328 TI - Taste mixtures: is mixture suppression related to compression? PMID- 1135329 TI - Adjunctive behavior in humans during game playing. PMID- 1135330 TI - Effect of chronic protein malnutrition on non-specific thalamo-cortical evoked potentials in the rat. PMID- 1135331 TI - A radio-controlled constant current biphasic stimulator system for primate studies. PMID- 1135332 TI - Drinking and eating in rats following chronic atropine administration. PMID- 1135333 TI - [Course of treatment in schizophrenia as related to the appearance of affective disorders]. PMID- 1135335 TI - [Schizophrenic defect syndrome--a clinical evaluation]. PMID- 1135334 TI - Intellectual efficiency and symptoms of schizoprenic process. PMID- 1135336 TI - [Environment and the degree of adaptation of young people seeking psychiatric help (students vs. general city population]. PMID- 1135337 TI - [The need for psychogeriatrics]. PMID- 1135338 TI - [Follow-up studies of patients interned in psychiatric hospitals by court action and suffering from schizophrenia and personality disorders]. PMID- 1135339 TI - [Pathological alcohol intoxication]. PMID- 1135340 TI - [Psychological diagnosis of thinking disorders in some clinical syndromes]. PMID- 1135341 TI - [Clinical evaluation of the antidepressive action of azafen]. PMID- 1135343 TI - A comparison of auditory and visual feedback in biofeedback assisted muscular relaxation training. PMID- 1135342 TI - [Contemporary problems of sociotherapy in early schizoprenia]. PMID- 1135344 TI - The effects of paced tapping on heart rate, skin conductance, and muscle potential. PMID- 1135345 TI - Effects of the range of stimulus-variation upon habituation of the orienting response. PMID- 1135346 TI - The relationship between cardiac activity and sensory acuity. PMID- 1135347 TI - The effects of stimulus expectancy on evoked brain potentials. PMID- 1135348 TI - The phasic electrodermal response as a differentiated complex reflecting stimulus significance. PMID- 1135349 TI - Autonomic responsivity to sensory stimulation in drug addicts. PMID- 1135350 TI - Relationships between bilateral differences in body perception and bilateral differences in skin conductance levels. PMID- 1135351 TI - Sex differences in autonomic responses to electric shock. PMID- 1135352 TI - Visual evoked potentials before and after Kraepelin performance test in schizophrenia. PMID- 1135353 TI - Sleep and memory: retention 8 and 24 hours after initial learning. PMID- 1135354 TI - Effects of vibrotactile background on the somatosensory evoked response. PMID- 1135355 TI - A device for studying the psychophysiologic effects of thermal stimulation of the human esophagus. PMID- 1135356 TI - Heart rate preceding motility in sleep. PMID- 1135357 TI - Editorial: A functional, anterior hypothalamic defect in primary anorexia nervosa? PMID- 1135358 TI - The experience of losing a job: reported changes in health, symptoms and illness behavior. AB - Changes in health and in behavior related to health-illness were described in men whose jobs were abolished because of a permanent plant closing. Fluctuations in several measures based on a 2 week health diary (Days Complaint, Days Disability, Percent Days Complaint That Are Also Days Disability, Days Saw Doctor, Days Used Drugs), as well as in other indicators (Symptoms, Depression, Dissatisfaction with Social Support) were analyzed as the men went through the various phases of anticipation, plant closing, unemployment and re-employment. Differences in the objective and subjective severity of the experience, in the social setting of the plant closing (urban vs. rural) and in selected personal characteristics were also examined for their influence on the changes in the various health-related measures. PMID- 1135359 TI - Pain: anxiety and attitudes in Black, white and Puerto Rican patients. AB - Reactions of black, white and Puerto Rican patients were studied in an outpatient dental emergency clinic. Measures used included the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, palmar sweat prints, an interview to obtain patient characteristics and attitudes toward pain, Dental Anxiety Scale and a posttreatment dentist rating. No differences between ethnic and racial groups were obtained in amount of pain, number or type of symptoms patients had. Significant Trait Anxiety differences were obtained. Puerto Ricans had the highest level of Trait Anxiety, whites the lowest, with blacks in the middle. The Dental Anxiety Scale also yielded differences with Puerto Ricans scoring highest, blacks lowest and whites in between. Attitude differences reflected a relative willingness to deny, get rid of or avoid dealing with the pain. The Puerto Ricans scored highest, whites lowest, with blacks in between. No physiological differences were obtained with palmar sweat prints. PMID- 1135361 TI - Letter: The psychological effects of vasectomy. PMID- 1135360 TI - Mood and somatic symptoms during pregnancy. AB - A predominantly white, middle class sample of pregnant women (N = 93) completed the AACL (Anxiety), the DACL (Depressive Mood), the SCL (Somatic Symptoms) and the IPAT Anxiety Questionnaire at the second, fifth and eighth months of pregnancy. A menstrual history questionnaire was administered on the first testing occasion. Analyses revealed that anxiety varied significantly as a function of trimester and that previous pregnancy history interacted significantly with trimester. Depressive mood was not significantly affected by any of the sources of variation. Correlational analysis (average correlations over trimesters) indicated significant relationships between somatic symptoms and anxiety, but not between somatic symptoms and depressive mood; a small but significant relationship between history of menstrual complaint and somatic symptoms; and a significant negative correlation between education and overt anxiety. PMID- 1135362 TI - Letter: The purpose of the American Psychosomatic Society. PMID- 1135363 TI - Development of psychotropic drugs. PMID- 1135364 TI - New psychotropic drug research in Japan. PMID- 1135365 TI - New psychotropic drug developments in France and Belgium,. PMID- 1135366 TI - New psychotropic drug developments in Great Britain. PMID- 1135367 TI - Twenty-three psychotropic drugs used in children abroad which are not recommended in the United States. PMID- 1135368 TI - Neuropharmacologic studies of local brain function. PMID- 1135369 TI - Drugs, catecholamines and Krebs cycle interaction (CNS). PMID- 1135370 TI - Biochemical pharmacology of brain amine mechanisms. PMID- 1135371 TI - A mechanistic study of biological transmethylation. PMID- 1135372 TI - Psychopharmacologic activity: quantum chemical study. PMID- 1135373 TI - Effect of central nervous system lesions on drug action. PMID- 1135374 TI - Catecholamines, blood pressure, drugs, and social roles. PMID- 1135375 TI - New psychotropic drug trials in Turkey. PMID- 1135376 TI - Physiologic factors in psychotropic drug therapy. PMID- 1135377 TI - Disposition and action of drugs affecting behavior. PMID- 1135378 TI - Neurophysiological role of serotonin. PMID- 1135379 TI - Free radicals in psychotropic drug action. PMID- 1135380 TI - Behavioral neuroendocrinology: chemical correlates. PMID- 1135381 TI - Gamma-hydroxybutyrate and control of dopaminergic neurons. PMID- 1135382 TI - Psychopharmacology of biogenic amines in depressions. PMID- 1135383 TI - The psychopharmacology of audiogenic seizure. PMID- 1135384 TI - Mechanisms of storage and release of amines. PMID- 1135385 TI - Hallucinogenic drug action on the somatosensory system. PMID- 1135386 TI - The teacher-principal's responsibility in compiling school records--costing. PMID- 1135387 TI - Scattered radiation in radioisotope scanning. PMID- 1135388 TI - Silver recovery from fixing solutions. PMID- 1135390 TI - Control of image quality, voltage and filtration. PMID- 1135391 TI - The spread of malignant disease. PMID- 1135389 TI - Technique in infant chest radiography. PMID- 1135392 TI - New high-speed cine X-ray system (Field Emission Ltd). PMID- 1135393 TI - The radiographic examination of sliced surgically resected breasts. PMID- 1135394 TI - Society of Radiographers Legal Liability Insurance. PMID- 1135395 TI - The polaroid SX-70 camera. PMID- 1135396 TI - The advantages and technique of kinescopic recording. PMID- 1135397 TI - Pre-operative localization of parathyroid adenomas or parathyroid hyperplasia by means of venous sampling. AB - Pre-operative localization of parathyroid tumours on primary hyperparathyroidism is discussed. 20 patients were examined in this way. Of the 15 patients who were operated on, the pre-operative findings of 12 correspond with the results of operations and histological examinations. These results correspond with what is known from other publications. Preoperative localization by means of venous sampling is possible in a large number of cases. The examination is especially important in patients with previous neck exploration. PMID- 1135398 TI - [Radiographic changes of the breast in presence of uterine myoma (author's transl)]. AB - 211 female patients with proved uterus myomatosus have been mammographed. With more than 50% chronic mastopathies could be identified; i.e. twice as much than with non-selected radiographically examined patients. The pattern showed fibrocytic changes as well as fibroplastic ones, fibrous involutions and- especially frequently--cystic degenerations. Fibrocytic degeneration occurred mostly with women who had already given birth and lactated. In glandular-cystic hyperplasias of the endometrium, mastophathies occurred twice as often than in hysteromyomas with normal mucose. An at least relative hyperoestrinism is made responsible for the myoma, but especially for the mucosa hyperplasia. Therefore, the same hormonal situation has to be responsible for the a.m., mainly fibrotic changes of the mammary gland. Of course no characteristic effect of the oestrogens can be derived from this, as it certainly is connected with the development of the total hormonal situation of the female. According to various investigators, most forms of chronic mastopathy bear a higher risk of carcinomas. For this reason, all structural transformations which appear one-sided in radiological case control (course observation) have to be considered cases of risk. PMID- 1135399 TI - 99m-Tc pertechnetate uptake in the thyroid measured with a scintillation camera: a parameter of thyroid function. AB - A 99mTc pertechnetate thyroid uptake procedure, using a scintillation camera and a data storage system, is described. After comparison of extrathyroidal activity in several regions below the thyroid, activity in the clavicular regions was preferred for correction of the thyroid uptake measurement. No pertechnetate uptake curve obtained over the initial 15 min after injection was found to be representative of a specific thyroid function, and regional thyroid uptake curves gave only quantitative differences. The 15-min pertechnetate thyroid uptake measurement, with correction for clavicular extrathyroidal activity, correlates well with 131I uptake and is a good parameter of thyroid function, especially in the distinction of euthyroidism and hyperthyroidism. PMID- 1135400 TI - [A new method for compression of the femoral artery in the groin after angiography (author's transl)]. AB - The conventional manual compression of the femoral artery after angiography was replaced by a newly developed tool for mechanical compression in 408 patients. The exact regulation of compression pressure lead to a decrease in local complications. PMID- 1135401 TI - [Early opacification in the angiogram of the renal vein of patients with chronic renal diseases (author's transl)]. AB - Patients with chronic renal diseases are presented, and a shortened intrarenal circulation is demonstrated by early opacification of the renal vein on the angiogram. Possible causes are discussed; the existence of a chronic type of Trueta's phenomenon (Oxford shunt) is considered improbable. PMID- 1135402 TI - Distribution of the femoral colony-forming cells in 226Ra-injected mice. AB - Distribution of damage caused by the retained 226-Ra to the femoral haemopoiesis has been studied in mice injected with 0.02 and/or 0.09 muCi of 226-Ra/g. The exocolonizing test and the 59-Fe uptake in recipient spleens have been used. Non uniform radiation effect has been observed in the bone marrow cellularity as well as in the CFU counts within 10 weeks after nuclide injection. The lowest depression appears in the distal femoral ends. The changes are not so serious in the proximal parts and are only moderate in the shafts. The results have been discussed from several standpoints. PMID- 1135403 TI - Pleomorphic Rhabdomyosarcoma: response to irradiation. AB - Although the usefulness of radiation in treatment of many embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas is recognized, the pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcomas are frequently felt to be radioresistant and thus a potentially useful mode of therapy is overlooked. There is increasing evidence in the literature to document successful local management of pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcomas with radiation. The literature is reviewed briefly and a case of rhabdomyosarcoma of the heart is reported in which radiation in doses well tolerated by normal tissues successfully controlled several local lesions at various sites until the patient's demise from widespread disease 2 years after the initial treatment. PMID- 1135404 TI - Dilatation of biliary tract strictures: a new roentgenologic technique. AB - Dilatation of bile duct strictures under fluoroscopic control has become feasible in patients with indwelling T-tubes. Utilizing the steerable catheter designed for stone extraction, the technique is modified with addition of balloon catheters and other instruments for dilatation. The new technique is described and our initial experiences in seven patients are presented. PMID- 1135405 TI - Universal indirect tomography. AB - The procedure is performed in two stages. First, during the radiographic exposure, the patient is rotated in relation to the X-ray tube and a recording device, namely a cinefluorographic device or a television chain with a video recorder. In practice the tube and the recording device will be revolved around the patient. Later on, in the second stage, the cinefluorographic image, or the television image of the rotating patient, is projected onto a photographic film. If this film is adequately rotated, a tomographic picture will be produced. The method can be applied to conventional tomography, zonography, transverse tomography, autotomography and orthopantomography. PMID- 1135406 TI - Bile duct biopsy with the stone extraction basket. Case report. AB - The stone extraction basket is suitable for biopsy of protruding mucosal lesions in the biliary duct system. Exact placement of the instrument over the lesion is readily accomplished under roentgenologic control. The technique is illustrated in one patient with biopsy of an iatrogenic mucosal tag in the distal common duct. PMID- 1135407 TI - Rare and combined vertebrobasilar dysplasias related to vascular maldevelopment at different embryonal stages. AB - Angiographically demonstrated combined and complex angiodysplasias of the vertebrobasilar system are rare. As in our case, they can be attributed to a vascular maldevelopment in several consecutive embryonal stages: the angioma-like arterial network of the left posterior cerebral artery and the non-union and overcrossing of the vertebral arteries in the region of the prepontine cistern represent an early defect (up to 15 mm stage); the aneurysmatic ectasia of the right vertebral artery with a second pedunculated aneurysm at its uppermost part may be due to a later defect (up to 40 mm stage) of the cerebral vascular development. PMID- 1135409 TI - Clinical trial of atmospheric oxygen breathing during radiotherapy for cancer of the oropharynx. AB - A randomized clinical trial of atmospheric oxygen breathing during radiotherapy of advanced cancer of the tonsillar region has been conducted. In order to achieve a high level of inspired oxygen, a closed system with a "head tent" was used. Over 2 years after treatment, 30 percent of the oxygen patients survived without evidence of disease compared to 17 percent in the control group. PMID- 1135408 TI - Carcinoma of the esophagus: an analysis of results and of treatment techniques. AB - Results of radiation therapy in 85 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus are presented. Whereas the majority of patients with this tumor have been shown to die within the first year, occasional patients may survive longer (21.5 percent in this series); late radiation complications must therefore be maintained at a minimum. A localization technique to evaluate esophageal mobility away from the spinal cord is described. PMID- 1135410 TI - Cancer management: a changing scene. The first Franz Buschke Lecture. AB - The contributions of radiation therapy to the management of the patient with cancer are constantly changing, both because of improving use of ionizing radiations and development of other effective treatments. Therefore, if radiation therapy is to be used to each patient's advantage, well-trained radiation oncologists must be involved in the initial and all subsequent management decisions. Such essential activity requires the immediate availability of trained physicians, who have access to adequate facilities in order to provide the best known treatment methods. This availability in turn depends on physician recruitment and training, well-considered development and maintenance of facilities and research programs which are well correlated with clinical activity. PMID- 1135411 TI - Neonatal radiology. Regional distribution of atelectasis and fluid in the neonate with respiratory distress. PMID- 1135412 TI - Neonatal radiology. Functional immaturity of the large bowel in the newborn infant. PMID- 1135413 TI - Evaluation of the urinary tract in the neonatal period. PMID- 1135414 TI - Therapy of angina pectoris. PMID- 1135415 TI - Cytotoxic drugs in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. PMID- 1135416 TI - Hyponatremia. PMID- 1135417 TI - Theoretical formalism for the sliding filament model of contraction of striated muscle. Part II. PMID- 1135418 TI - Kinetic analysis of the properties and reactions of enzymes. PMID- 1135419 TI - [Changes of lastids in virus-infected cells of the attraction-zone from Sarracenia purpurea L]. AB - Viruslike particles 300-350 nm long and 70 nm in diameter were found in ultrathin sections of attraction-zone from Sarracenia purpurea. Epidermal- and mesophyll cells contained the bacilliform particles. The membrane-bound particles-most virions occured within ER-like membranes-consisted of an outer coat 70-90 A thick, an inner membrane and an axial core. The plastids of infected cells in which virus particles were localized show morphologicals changes of the organells. PMID- 1135420 TI - [Studies on the uptake of xanthine by Schizosaccharomyces pombe from the stationary growth phase]. AB - 1. Cells of Schizosaccharomyces pombe from the stationary growth phase show only a low capacity for the uptake of xanthine. In the presence of 2 muM xanthine, the initial uptake rate is found in the range of 6-10- minus 21 Moles times Cells- minus 1 times Min- minus 1 at 30 degrees C. 2. Preincubation in glucose solution results in a pronounced stimulation of the uptake rate. 3. The stimulating effect of the glucose pretreatment is repressed by cycloheximide, ammonium ions and amino acids. 4. The substrate dependency of the uptake rate shows a saturation kinetics. The Km-value has been determined to 6 muM. The temperature optimum is found in the range of 30 degrees C. 5. Xanthine is only slightly accumulated within the cells against the external concentration. Most of the external xanthine label is stored up in form of xanthosine and guanosine as well as incorporated in nucleic acids. PMID- 1135421 TI - Germination of cysts in acetabularia mediterranea. AB - Techniques for the growth of uniformly reacting populations of cysts of Acetabularia mediterranea and for quantitative measurement of cyst germination have been developed. Cysts of A. mediterranea can be induced to germinated by exposure to the atmosphere. Germination rates are very low in young cysts. They increased during exposure to total darkness. This "maturation of cysts" is found to be completed after a period of 12-15 weeks. Germination rates of cysts that have passed the maturation period exceed 90 percent in continuous white light and 80 percent in darkness. Cysts germinate in less than two days in darkness and less than four days in light. The influence of temperature at a range of 15 degrees C to 25 degrees C on germination kinetics is studied in light and darkness. Germination is accelerated with increasing temperature up to 21 degrees C. At higher temperature germination is delayed in light but the time of germination remains constant in darknesss. Rates of germination are not altered by the influence of temperature in light while in darkness there is a dramatic decrease at temperatures higher than 21 degrees C. From these findings it is concluded that cyst germinationA. mediteranea does not need any light but is influenced by light dependent systems. The influence of light is strongest at elevated temperatures. PMID- 1135422 TI - Synthesis of 17-phenyl-18,19,20-trinorprostaglandins I. the PG1 series. PMID- 1135423 TI - Relationship between oxygen tension, coronary vasodilation and prostaglandin biosynthesis in the isolated rabbit heart. AB - In isolated perfused rabbit hearts, coronary vasodilation, produced by reduced oxygen tension seems to be independent of myocardial prostaglandin biosynthesis. a) Anoxia (N2: CO2 95: 5 %) produced coronary vasodilation without causing prostaglandin-like substance (PLS) biosynthesis and release; b) the decrease in coronary resistance during hypoxia (N2:02:CO2 - 80:15:5 %) was sustained during myocardial perfusion with the low oxygen media despite the transitory nature of its PLS release; and c) indomathacin, which abolished basal or ADP stimulated myocardial PLS release, did not abolish the coronary vasodilation produced by ischemia, hypoxia, or anoxia. PMID- 1135424 TI - Uptake and inactivation of a-type prostanglandins by human red cells. AB - Incubation of A type prostaglandins with whole blood or washed red cells at 37 degrees C converted them to more polar products with negligible vasodepressor and smooth muscle-contracting activities. This conversion did not occur in platelet rich plasma. Uptake of the prostaglandins by red cells was demonstrated at both 4 degrees C and 37 degrees C. The data suggest 1) that if PGA is released from tissues into the blood stream or is administered for therapeutic purposes, its biological activity would be diminished by human red cells, and 2) that development of an assay for PGA in blood should take into account its uptake and metabolism by human red cells. PMID- 1135425 TI - Metabolism of 17-phenyl-18,19, 20-trinor-prostaglandin F2alpha in the Cynomolgus monkey and the human female. AB - [9beta- -3H]-17-Phenyl-18,19,20-trinor-PGF2alpha was injected subcutaneously into female Cynomolgus monkeys and the structures of six products appearing in the urine were determined. The main urinary metabolites were the dinor- and tetranor derivatives of 15-keto-13,14-dihydro-17-phenyl-18,19,20-trinor-PGF2alpha. Unchanged 17-phenyl-18,19,20-trinor-PGF2alpha was also identified among the urinary products, as well as its dinor- and tetranor-derivatives. Finally, the dinor-derivative of 13,14-dihydro-17-phenyl-18,19,20-trinor-PGF2alpha was also found in urine. The same six products were also found in urine from human female subjects that had received 17-phenyl-18,19,20-trinor-PGF2alpha either subcutaneously or intravenously. Studies on the half-life of the compound in the circulation were also performed in human females. Two less polar metabolites in plasma were identified, viz. 13,14-dihydro-17-phenyl-18,19,20-trinor-PGF2alpha and 15-keto-13,14-dihydro-17-phenyl-18,19,20-trinor-PGF2alpha. PMID- 1135426 TI - Stimulation by oxytocin of prostaglandin f levels in uterine venous effluent in pregnant and puerperal sheep. AB - The purpose of this work was to investigate the effect of oxytocin on prostaglandin F (PGF) concentrations in uterine venous effluent. PGF was measured in utero-ovarian venous plasma from three pregnant ewes and in posterior vena caval plasma from two puerperal ewes, during oxytocin administration. Oxytocin caused 4.9 - 5.3-fold increases in PGF concentrations in the pregnant animals, the response increasing towards term. In the puerperal animals oxytocin caused 3.7 - 17.2-fold increases in PGF concentrations with a marked latency in the response. Measurement of uterine activity and progesterone and total unconjugated oestrogen concentrations indicated that neither uterine contractions nor a decreased uterine blood flow accounted for the elevated PGF levels stimulated by oxytocin. PMID- 1135427 TI - Synthesis of 17-phenyl-18,19,20-trinorprostaglandins. II. PG2 series. PMID- 1135428 TI - Chromatography of prostaglandins utilizing silicic acid impregnated-glass fiber sheets. AB - A chromatographic method has been developed which offers rapid and convenient monitoring of prostaglandin biosynthesis from arachidonic acid. PMID- 1135429 TI - Decrease of utero-placental blood flow during prostaglandin F2alpha induced abortion. AB - Pregnancy had been terminated in 6 normal midtrimester pregnant patients by the extraovular injection of 10 mg prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha). In these 6 Experimental and 3 Control patients utero-placental blood flow had been measured, by changes in the density of radioactive Indium, distributed over the uterine area, as a function of time. In comparison with Controls utero-placental blood flow decreased in the Experimental patients already at 5 minutes after PG treatment, long before advanced cyclic IUP evolved. This finding substantiates the conclusion (1-3), based on experiments in animal "models', that decrease in utero-placental blood flow is an early step in the mechanism of PG action. PMID- 1135430 TI - The possible mode of action of prostaglandins: VIII - cortisone, reserpine and the reversal of the antifertility efficacy of prostaglandin E1 in rats. AB - A single injection of prostaglandin F1 (PGE1) of 5 mg/kg body weight on Lay 13 of pregnancy caused a consistent luteolysis and resorption of fetuses in rats by Day 20. A concomitant regimen of cortisone, a consistent blocker of nonspecific stresses or reserpine, an adrenergic nerve blocking agent as well as a specific inhibitor of GRF and PIF, concurrently with PGE1 consistently effective in preventing the deleterious efficacy of PGE1 and maintained the growth of the fetuses, placentae, ovaries and corpora lutea as healthy as recorded in the controls. On the basis of experimental documentation it is believed that the PGE1 caused fetal demise is possibly due to a break up of an appropriate hormonal synchronization rather than an over stimulation of uterine smooth musculature. PMID- 1135431 TI - PGE2:PGE-2:. AB - The biological activities of 8,12-diiso-PGE2 (ent-11,15-epi-PGE2), PGE2 and PGF2alpha have been compared in a series of pharmacological preparations intended to differentiate between F and E type of activity. Similar to PGF2alpha but unlike PGE2, 8,12-diiso-PGE2 increased the tone of isolated smooth muscle preparations of guinea pig trachea, guinea pig colonic circular layer, rabbit Fallopian tubes. The stimulation effect of 8,12-diiso-PGE2 and PGF2alpha on visceral smooth muscle was also shown in vivo: the two drugs were in all instances able to increase the miogenic activity and tone of rabbit uterus in situ, while these were depressed by PGE2. 8,12-diiso-PGE2 decreased pulmonary compliance and increased pulmonary vascular resistance in the anaesthetized cat; PGE2 always decreased pulmonary vascular resistance, while leaving pulmonary compliance unaltered. The possibility is suggested that 8,12-diiso-PGE2 acts on PGF receptor in different tissues. PMID- 1135432 TI - Activity of prostaglandin E, F, A and B on sphincter, dilator and ciliary muscle preparations of the cat eye. AB - Both sphincter and dilator muscle preparations of the cat iris contract to prostaglandins; F-2alpha and E-2 are the most potent and A-1 and B-1 the least. Ciliary muscle strips relax to PG'S provided that the strips are precontracted. E 1, E-2 and often F-2alpha are more potent relaxants than the remaining PG's. The effects of PG'S ARE NOT ALTERED BY ALPHA OR BETA BLOCKADE NOR BY ATROPINE; HOWEVER, PROPRANOLOL BLOCKS THE PG induced relaxation of the ciliary muscle. The effects of PG's on the sphincter are antagonized by catecholamines; but the latter act synergistically in contracting the dilator and in relaxing the ciliary muscle. Indomethacin markedly potentiates the effects of PG's on all three muscle preparations. PMID- 1135433 TI - Effect of prostaglandin on the blood aqueous barrier in the rabbit ciliary process. AB - Distinct structural changes occur in the rabbit ciliary epithelium following intravitreal injection of prostaglandin E-1 (PGE-1). Up to four hours after PGE-1 administration, alteration of the pigmented epithelium was characterized by dilated intercellular spaces and the disruption of many intercellular junctions. The nonpigmented epithelium demonstrates a spectrum of morphologic variation from only some thinning of cytoplasmic processes to area of severe distortion. In these regions, marked thinning of the nonpigmented cells occurs in association with an absence of apical tight junctions. This alteration of the nonpigmented epithelium and its tight junctions allows for the leakage of proteins into the posterior chamber which is consistent with the breakdown in the blood-aqueous barrier. The temporal sequence of these changes would suggest a differential susceptibility of the pigmented and nonpigmented layers with the pigmented layers being affected earliest and the nonpigmented epithelium altered subsequently. The recovery of this epithelial change was rapid and complete and demonstrated the transient effects of PG on the ciliary epithelium with recovery of the blood aqueous function by 8 hours after injection. PMID- 1135434 TI - Inhibition of the ocular effects of sodium arachidonate by anti-inflammatory compounds. AB - Topical administration of aqueous solutions of sodium arachidonate to the eyes of rabbits increases intraocular pressure, constricts the pupil and increases both the protein and prostaglandin content of aqueous humor. Arachidonic acid itself dissolved in arachis oil is less effective than sodium arachidonate, although addition of polysorbate mono-oleate greatly increases the effects produced by arachidonic acid. Pretreatment with topically applied non-steroidal anti inflammatory agents prevents the ocular effects of sodium arachidonate, indomethacin being 2-4 times as potent as either indoxole or pirprofen. Dexamethasone was without effect in these experiments. The results suggested that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents deserve serious consideration for topical use in the treatment of ocular inflammation. PMID- 1135435 TI - Measurement of prostaglandin F2alpha levels in human cerebrospinal fluid in normal and pathological conditions. AB - Prostaglandin F2alpha concentrations were measured in human cerebrospinal fluid by the gas-chromatography-mass spectrometric technique using 2-H4-PGF2 alpha as internal standard and carrier. Normal levels of 71.6 plus or minus 34.7 pg/ml were found. Considerable increases in PGF2 alpha concentrations were found in patients with epilepsy, meningtitis or following cerebrovascular accidents or neurosurgical removals of brain tissue. The results agree in general with recent measurements using radioimmunoassay. PMID- 1135436 TI - The removal and metabolism of prostaglandin E-1 by rabbit lung. AB - In isolated rabbit lung preparations perfused with tritiated PGE-1, it was found that, (1) PGE-1, is rapidly and almost completely metabolized during perfusion through rabbit lung. (2) During perfusion, there is no net uptake of PGE-1. (3) The process of metabolism of PGE-1 in the rabbit lung is inhibited by hypothermia. PMID- 1135437 TI - The effect of locally administered PGF2alpha on the contractility of the nonpregnant human uterus. AB - The effect of locally administered prostaglandin F2alpha on the sensitivity and reactivity of the nonpregnant human uterus during the menstrual cycle was studied. An increase in uterine contractility in response to as little as 1.0 MUG PGF2alpha could be observed in all patients during both the early and late portions of the menstrual cycle, but at the time of ovulation a marked decrease in sensitivity was noted. Endogenous prostaglandin normally occurs in the secretory endometrium in levels compatible with the amount of exogenous prostaglandin which elicited increased uterine activity. These findings support the hypothesis that PGF2alpha plays an important physiological role in the cyclical regulation of uterine motility during the human menstrual cycle. PMID- 1135438 TI - Prostaglandin analogues and uterotonic potency: a comparative study of seven compounds. AB - The uterotonic potency of seven prostaglandin analogues has been investigated using the single intravenous injection technique and comparison of threshold uterine contractility achieved during continuous intravenous infusion. The degree and duration of uterine stimulation in response to graded doses of some of the analogues was also evaluated following intra-amniotic, oral and vaginal administration. 17-Phenyl substituted PGE-2 and PGF-2alpha are reported upon for the first time. Among the prostaglandin compounds tested, the free acid of 16, 16 dimethyl PGE-2 not only is the most potent compound but it may also have great potential for clinical application as an easily administered vaginal abortifacient. PMID- 1135439 TI - Mid-trimester abortion with intra-amniotic prostaglandin F2 alpha and intravenous oxytocin infusion. AB - Induction of abortion in mid-trimester pregnancies were performed on 26 patients. The first 12 patients were treated by intra-amniotic instillation of Prostaglandin F2 alpha, with a mean dosage of 40.2 mg. and mean abortion time of 24 hours and 41 minutes (ten patients). Fourteen additional mid-trimester abortions were performed using identical protocol plus the addition of oxytocin by intravenous infusion two hours after injection of the prostaglandin. All patients aborted, with mean dosage of PGF2 alpha of 28.2 mg. and mean abortion time of 15 hours and 37 minutes. PMID- 1135440 TI - The synthesis of prostaglandin F by human endometrium in organ culture. AB - Slices of human endometrium obtained from hysterectomy specimens were cultured for 48 hours in an organ culture medium supplemented with ethanol (control, vehicle), 17-beta-estradiol (.5 mug/ml), or progesterone (.5 mug/ml). Uncultured endometrial tissue, cultured tissues, and the media were assayed for prostaglandin F (PGF) by a radioimmunoassay technique. Hematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid-Schiff stain histologic controls were done on all tissues. The concentrations of PGF in picograms/milligram, corrected for percent recovery, in the differently treated tissues were: preculture 298; culture control 2210; estrogen-treated 2680; progesterone-treated 1260. All differences except those between estrogen and control (p greater than .10) and progesterone and control (p less than .10) are significant at the p = .02 level or better. Progesterone appears to inhibit PGF synthesis which occurs during in vitro culture of human endometrium; estrogen tended to increase PGF synthesis in this system. PMID- 1135441 TI - Effect of castration, testosterone treatment and hereditary sterility on prostaglandin concentration in the male reproductive system of mice. AB - The concentration of prostaglandins E and F in different parts of the male reproductive system of CD-1 and dwarf mice was measured by radioimmunoassay. In intact CD-1 mice, the vas deferens contained a significantly higher concentration of PGE and PGF than was found in the epididymis and in the seminal vesicles. All tissues studied had more PGE than PGF. Castration resulted in increased PG concentrations in both the epididymis and the seminal vesicles and decreased PG concentrations in the vas deferens. There was also a differential response of PGE and PGF in the epididymis of genetically sterile dwarf mice (dw/dw) were significantly higher than those observed in their normal littermates ((PLUS)). A reversed PGE/PGF ratio was found in the mates. The results indicate that testicular androgens affect the levels of PGE and PGF in the reproductive system of male mice. The physiological role of PGs in male reproductive functions has not been established, but there is a suggestion that PH have a role in controlling the transit of spermatozoa through the epididymis and vas deferens. PMID- 1135442 TI - Lamb ductus arteriosus: effect of prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors on the muscle tone and the response to prostaglandin E2. AB - The prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors, indomethacin and eicosa-5,8,11, 14 tetraynoic acid (ETA), have been tested on the isolated lamb ductus arteriosus at low and high PO2 levels. Both compounds produced a gradual contraction of the hypoxic vessel, and at equal doses the effect of indomethacin was stronger. The maximal tension output of the hypoxic tissue under indomethacin was equal to that of the oxygen-contracted control. ETA- and indomethacin-treated preparations contracted further upon transfer from a low to a high oxygen environment, and the response under indomethacin exceeded a significantly control values. Control preparations were relaxed markedly by PGE2 in low oxygen but showed little or no response in high oxygen. In contrast, preparations pretreated with the inhibitors retained their sensitivity to PGE2 during exposure to high oxygen. The data are consistent with the idea that E-type prostaglandins play a role in the regulation of the intrinsic tone of the ductus arteriosus during foetal life. It is also suggested that the sensitivity of ductal muscle to E-type prostaglandins is controlled by the rate of endogenous prostaglandin formation. PMID- 1135443 TI - Triphasic effect of prostaglandins E1, E2 and F2alpha on the fluid transport of isolated gall-bladder of guinea-pigs. AB - Prostaglandins (PGs) F2alpha, E1 and E2 exerted a triphasic influence on the fluid transport of isolated guinea-pig gall-bladders, when applied to the serosal side. PGE1 and PGE2 produced these effects in lower concentrations than F2alpha. Directly after PG addition to the serosal side a short stimulation of fluid transport to between 200 and 400% was observed. The stimulatory effect of PGs was most distinct in gall-bladders from female guinea-pigs, less pronounced in male and nearly absent in pregnant animals. Since PGs increased intraluminal hydrostatic pressure in gall-bladders by contraction of the smooth muscle, experiments were performed in which hydrostatic pressure was increased by different procedures. These included the addition of imidazole (10- minus 2 M), raising of K+ in the bathing solution and an increase in intraluminal pressure by addition of Ringer's solution into the lumen. All three procedures stimulated fluid reabsorption temporarily in the same way as PGs, hence increase of intraluminal pressure is thought to be the reason for the observed temporary stimulation of fluid transport. Direct evidence for this thesis was obtained when the gall-bladder was mounted as a flat sheet over a chamber; in this preparation no stimulation of fluid transport was obtained. The second phase of the PG influence was characterized by a concentration-related inhibition of fluid reabsorption followed by a significant but small reverse of fluid transport (secretion of fluid). When PGs were applied to the mucosal side, only an inhibition of fluid transport was observed, which was much weaker compared to the addition to the serosal side. PMID- 1135444 TI - Preparation and quantitation of urinary metabolites of prostaglandin F2alpha by radioimmunoassay. AB - Radioimmunoassay systems are described which have been developed to quantitate two principle urinary metabolites of PGF2alpha; 9alpha,11alpha-dihydroxy-15-oxo 2,3,4,5-tetranorprostanoic acid (I) and 9alpha,11alpha-dihydroxy-15-oxo-2,3,4,5 tetranorprosta-1,20-dioic acid (II). Preparation of the required metabolites was achieved by total synthesis (I) or by bioconversion (isolation from urine of animals treated with 15-keto-PGF2alpha, II). These metabolites were used to prepare conjugates for immunization. Labelled metabolites, suitable as binding markers, were prepared by metabolism of 3-H-PGF2alpha in vitro (I) or in vivo (II). Specificity of the resulting antibodies was compared to an antibody to PGF2alpha and to 13,14-dihydro-15-keto PGF2alpha. Antisera of II had little or no affinity for 20-carbon precursors (PGF2alpha or 13,14-dihydro-15-keto PGF2alpha), but had nearly equal affinity for metabolite I. Antisera of I, however, had little or no affinity for antigen of II. Therefore, analysis of samples by both assay systems enables quantitation of these excretion products of PGF2alpha. Other assay parameters (binding, affinity, recovery, precision and the repeatability of the assays) were similar to those previously described for other RIA systems, and were considered satisfactory for quantitation of compounds in biological fluids. Quantitation of 24 hour urinary excretion of di-acid metabolite in humans was in close agreement with previously published values determined by physical-chemical means. Greater quantity of di-acid metabolite was excreted by human males (42.0 mug/24 hr) than by females sampled either during the follicular (20.0) or luteal phase (21.2) of the menstrual cycle. The total quantity of C-16 metabolites (as approximated by system II) excreted/kg body weight by the rhesus monkey was similar to that excreted by the human. However, the ratio of di-acid to monoacid was much nearer unity in the monkey than the human. PMID- 1135445 TI - A radioimmunoassay of 15 (S) 15 methyl prostaglandin F-2alpha. AB - A sensitive and relatively specific radioimmunoassay for 15 (S) 15 methyl prostaglandin F-2alpha has been developed to enable the measurements of the concentrations of the drug in biological fluids after its administration for therapeutic abortion. The precision, accuracy and specificity of the assay are described. PMID- 1135446 TI - On the uses of research consultation. PMID- 1135447 TI - Homosexuality:-the psychoanalytic point of view. PMID- 1135448 TI - Psychoanalysis: aspects of theory and treatment. PMID- 1135449 TI - A phenomenological approach to psychotherapy. PMID- 1135450 TI - [Calcified pleuritis (revision of 115 cases)]. PMID- 1135451 TI - [Changes in blood sugar, blood insulin and lipids following an oral galactose overload]. PMID- 1135452 TI - [Radiological visualization of the portal system using carbonic gas. Experimental study]. PMID- 1135453 TI - [Diagnosis of thyroid cancer]. PMID- 1135454 TI - [Antithyroglobulin antibodies in lupus erythematosus disseminatus]. PMID- 1135455 TI - [Delayed consequences of the early loss of parents (statistic study of an institutional psychiatric population)]. PMID- 1135456 TI - [Intrathoracic sarcoidosis. Review of national records apropos of 11 cases]. PMID- 1135457 TI - [Xanthogranuloma of the mediastinum]. PMID- 1135458 TI - [Interstitial nephropathy associated with tapetoretinal degeneration and mental retardation]. PMID- 1135459 TI - [Single intrathoracic plasmacytoma. Apropos of a case]. PMID- 1135460 TI - [Idiopathic hyperthrophic osteoarthropathy (cold-induced?)]. PMID- 1135461 TI - [Treatment of the hypertensive crises. Experience with diazoxide]. PMID- 1135462 TI - [Nephronophtisis or cystic medullary renal disease]. PMID- 1135463 TI - [A preliminary study of the behavior of hepatic microsomal enzymes in cirrhotic and healthy patients]. PMID- 1135465 TI - [Evolution of magnesemia in the postoperative stage of the digestive tract]. PMID- 1135464 TI - [Insulin-dependent diabetic metabolic myopathy (Achillean reflexometry)]. PMID- 1135466 TI - [Addison's disease, a persistent diagnostic problem]. PMID- 1135468 TI - [Auricular fibrillation and Wolff-Parkinson-White (W-P-W)]. PMID- 1135467 TI - [Rheumatic pneumonitis]. PMID- 1135469 TI - [Pericarditis induced by Salmonella typhi]. PMID- 1135470 TI - [Atypical aspects of the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (W-P-W)]. PMID- 1135471 TI - [Nephronophtisis or cystic medullary renal disease. Report of 2 cases]. PMID- 1135472 TI - [Evolution of dyslipemia in respiratory insufficency patients]. PMID- 1135473 TI - [Pattern of lipids in coronary disease]. PMID- 1135474 TI - [Catheterization of the deep venous system. Our system of access appropos of various complications]. PMID- 1135475 TI - [Temporary pacemaker implantation (experience in 123 cases)]. PMID- 1135476 TI - [Plasma lipids in respiratory insufficiency]. PMID- 1135477 TI - [Acute pericarditis: electrocardiographic review]. PMID- 1135478 TI - [Total osteotomy of the face in the treatment of Crouzo's syndrome]. PMID- 1135479 TI - [48/XXYY syndrome. Clinical study of a case with peculiarities not mentioned before]. PMID- 1135480 TI - [Clinical and electrocardiographic study of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Analysis of 30 cases and review of the literature]. PMID- 1135481 TI - [Idioventricular tachycardia in acute myocardial infarct]. PMID- 1135482 TI - [Protective role of tricuspid stenosis in the development of pulmonary hypertension secondary to the elevation of pulmonary capillary pressure]. PMID- 1135483 TI - [Treatment of acute cardiac arrhythmias using adrenergic beta blockaders. Experience with sotalol]. PMID- 1135484 TI - [Trisomy 18]. PMID- 1135485 TI - [Myxoma of the left atrium: pre- and postoperative echocardiographic study of a case]. PMID- 1135486 TI - [Angiocardiographic study of aortic atresia (apropos of a case)]. PMID- 1135487 TI - [Editorial: Current status of rehabilitation of the cardiac patient]. PMID- 1135488 TI - [Presence of insulin and other hormones in the bile and in the gastrointestinal tract. Possible physiological implications]. PMID- 1135489 TI - [Effect of intravenous calcium administration on gastric acid secretion in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and duodenal ulcer]. PMID- 1135490 TI - [Complicated hydatid cyst of the liver]. PMID- 1135491 TI - [Intestinal malrotation in adults. 5 cases]. PMID- 1135492 TI - [Acute pancreatitis in the aged. Review of 35 cases]. PMID- 1135493 TI - [Appendicular mucocele]. PMID- 1135494 TI - [Editorial: Cancer of the pancreas]. PMID- 1135495 TI - [Metabolism of bilirubin. II. Absorption of bilirubin by the liver. Conjugation of bilirubin]. PMID- 1135496 TI - [Enzyme induction in cirrhotic patients]. PMID- 1135497 TI - [Anatomic considerations on the transverse fissure and its relation to hepatic duct surgery]. PMID- 1135498 TI - [Sequelae of intestinal infarction]. PMID- 1135499 TI - [Gastric ulcer and chronic gastritis]. PMID- 1135500 TI - [Diagnosis of the distal esophagus lined with columnar epithelium using technetium 99m gammagraphy]. PMID- 1135501 TI - [Microcrystals of the synovial fluid]. PMID- 1135502 TI - [Enzymes of the synovial fluid]. PMID- 1135503 TI - [Rosette test]. PMID- 1135504 TI - A study of characteristics of patients who fail to complete a VA alcoholic treatment program. PMID- 1135505 TI - Developing community-based, small-group living programs in rehabilitation services. PMID- 1135506 TI - Rehabilitation of the sickle cell anemia patient: a new program. PMID- 1135507 TI - The effects of acute and chronic morphine administration on the levels of 3 methoxy-4-hydroxphenylglycol sulfate in rat brain. AB - The acute and chronic effects of morphine on the turnover of norepinephrine (NE) were determined by measuring the changes in the levels of the sulfate conjugate of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG-SO4) in rat brain. Two hours after administration, morphine produced a dose-related increase in the levels of MHPG SO4 suggesting an increase in NE turnover. The effect of morphine was evident by one hour after drug administration and was maintained for at least four hours but disappeared by eight hours. Chronic treatment with morphine resulted in lower baseline levels of MHPG-SO4 and the development of tolerance to its acute effect on NE turnover. These findings suggest that after chronic administration of morphine, the maintenance of a normal rate of norepinephrine turnover in brain is dependent upon the continued administration of maintenance doses of morphine. PMID- 1135508 TI - Aflatoxicol H1: a major metabolite of aflatoxin B1 produced by human and rhesus monkey livers in vitro. AB - Among the major metabolites of aflatoxin B1 produced by human and monkey livers in vitro is a derivative with the ketone carbonyl on the cyclopentane ring reduced to a secondary alcohol, and a hydroxyl introduced onto the carbon beta to the alcohol group. The metabolite was formed from aflatoxin B1 at a level similar to that of aflatoxin M1.Both the microsomal hydroxylase and the cytoplasmic reductase systems are required for its formation. Bioassay using chicken embryos and a mutant of Salmonella typhimurium revealed no toxicity. This newly identified metabolite was named aflatoxicol H1. PMID- 1135509 TI - Preferred conformations of serotonin in relation to receptor sites. AB - Using an empirical method, three preferred conformations for serotonin have been predicted. These three conformations corresponding to one extended form (phi equal to 80 degrees, psi equal to 180 degrees), and two folded forms (phi equals to 280 degrees, and psi equals to 100 degrees, phi equals to 100 degrees psi equals to 290 degrees). The calculated intramolecular distances in both forms agree with those obtained by the X-ray crystallography of various indoleamines. Furthermore, the dual receptor binding activity of serotonin has been explained in terms of extended and folded conformations. PMID- 1135510 TI - Phenolic metabolite, 2-ethyl-2(4-hydroxphenyl)-glutarimide in human urine following chronic ingestion of glutethimide (Doriden). AB - Urine samples from comatose patients, identified as having taken large amounts of the drug, glutethimide, were analyzed using gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, thin layer chromatography, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry in order to identify metabolites of the parent drug. The phenolic compound 2-ethyl-2-(4-hydroxphenyl)-glutarimide was fully characterized as a new metabolite in human urine. Also 2-ethyl-2-(3-methoxy-4hydroxyphenyl)-glutarimide was proposed as a new metabolite of the parent drug. Other polar metabolites of the parent drug were also detected and partially characterized. PMID- 1135511 TI - Effects of sympatholytic agents on amanita phalloides toxicity in the rat. AB - Some sympatholytic agents have been tested for the ability to counteract either the hepatotoxic or the lethal effect of A. phalloides in rats. Propranolol displayed a marked preventive action on the liver damage induced by the poison, but only a moderate influence on the lethality. Reserpine was uneffective in terms of liver derangement, but exerted some protection against the general toxic effect of A. phalloides. Other alpha- or beta-adrenolytic compounds failed to afford any significant protection with respect to both liver injury and lethality. It is suggested that propranolol might interfere with transport or binding of phallotoxins to the liver. PMID- 1135512 TI - Immunological and biochemical comparison of streptokinase and the streptokinase plasminogen complex. AB - Biochemical and Immunological studies have been made on streptokinase and its one to one molar complex with plasminogen. These experiments show that the complex is not recognized by antibodies to streptokinase. The potential of using this complex in vivo to avoid febrile response seen with streptokinase is considered. PMID- 1135513 TI - Effect of renal microsomes and renal lysosomes on in vitro hepatic fatty acid synthesis. AB - An inhibitor and stimulator of in vitro hepatic fatty acid synthesis are present in renal microsomes. In addition, a stimulator of fatty acid synthesis is present in renal lysosomes. Renal microsomal inhibition of hepatic fatty acid synthesis is not due to the depletion of cofactors in the system. This inhibitor appears to be located exclusively in the kidney medullary microsomes. It is destroyed by Pronase and heat treatment suggesting it may be a protein. Its effects on fatty acid synthesis may be attributed in part to ATPase activity as well as a direct effect on the hepatic fatty acid synthesizing system. A stimulator of hepatic fatty acid synthesis is present in the buffer insoluble fraction of an acetone powder preparation of renal microsomes. This stimulator is relatively heat labile and does not appear to be a phospholipid. The lysosomal stimulator of hepatic fatty acid synthesis is associated with the contents of renal lysosomes and not with the lysosomal membranes. It acts at the acetyl-CoA carboxylase step and its activity is not affected by fasting or aminonucleoside induced nephrosis. PMID- 1135514 TI - Effect of clofibrate on cholesterol and lipid metabolism in ethanol - treated mice. AB - The effects of chronic clofibrate administration were studied in long-term ethanol-fed an control mice. Long-term administration of ethanol to adult-mice resulted in an increase in liver and plasma total triglycerides and hepatic cholesterol levels as compared to the corresponding controls. Cloribrate feeding resulted in about 15-25% decrease in hepatic and plasma cholesterol levels in the ethanol-fed group. The administration of ethanol led to a rise in levels of hepatic triglycerides, plasma triglycerides, plasma free fatty acids and hepatic alpha-glycerophosphate. Treatment with clofibrate partially prevented the changes in the concentration of these metabolites and resulted in a significant increase in the activity of hepatic alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase. Clofibrate administration resulted in about 20% increase in the rate of 14-C-cholesterol oxidation to 14-CO2. It is concluded that while clofibrate is able to retard ethanol-induced lipid accumulation in the liver, it is unable to completely prevent hepatic lipid accumulation. PMID- 1135515 TI - Lipids and other components of human jejunal and ileal mucosa. AB - Jejunal and ileal intestinal segments were obtained from patients undergoing laparotomy, from peroral jejunal biopsies, and from fresh cadavers. The excised mucosa was weighed and assayed for total lipids, neutral and polar lipids. The lipid families were separated and identified, and their individual fatty acid composition determined. In addition, DNA, RNA, collagen and total protein were measured. PMID- 1135516 TI - Delta-9 -tetrahydrocannabinol and decreased macrophage migration inhibition activity. AB - Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (0.31 mg - 1.25 mg per kg body weight) given to immunized rats by intraperitoneal injection depresses the activity of macrophage migration inhibition factor. The lowest levels of activity in peritoneal exudates were observed 15 hours after the injection of cannabinoid. This decreased activity may be related to the impaired cellular immunity observed in regular users of cannabis. PMID- 1135517 TI - Influence of various drugs on the binding of L-tryptophan to human serum albumin. PMID- 1135518 TI - The glycogen-depleting effect of exogenous maternal epinephrine on the liver of the fetal rat during the sixteenth day of gestation. AB - The effect of 1-epinephrine administered I. P. to pregnant rats during sodium pentobarbital anesthesia on fetal liver glycogen levels has been investigated. Sodium pentobarbital (22 mg./kg. maternal body weight) was administered I. P. to all pregnant rats in the control group and each 1-epinephrine dosage group twenty minutes prior to the surgical removal of the fetuses. L-epinephrine (10, 20 or 30 micrograms/kg. maternal body weight) given ten minutes after the administration of the barbiturate reduced the fetal liver glycogen levels significantly. The glycogen-depleting effect of 1-epinephrine on the fetal liver in the rat was found to be dosage-dependent. PMID- 1135519 TI - The prevalence of hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibodies to influenza viruses A/swine/ILL/63 and A/swine/Taiwan/7310/70 (H3N2) in Illinois swine herds- 1971 to 1973. AB - Serum samples from 449 swine in 78 herds distributed in 28 counties in Illinois were tested for HI antibodies against A/Swine/Ill/63 and A/Swine/Taiwan/7310/70 (H3N2) from 1971 to 1973. No antibodies to the Taiwan strain were detected. A herd reactor rate of 42.3% and a prevalence rate of 25.4% against A/Swine/Ill/63 was detected. Age specific reactor rates were 6% for animals 12 months of age or under and 33% for swine 13 to 18 months of age. PMID- 1135520 TI - Sex dependent toxicity of four chemicals. AB - Toxicity investigations were conducted with 4 chemicals: hydrazine, 1,2 dimethylhydrazine di HCl, phenylhydrazine HCl and Beta-N-(gamma-L(+)-glutamyl)-4 hydroxymethylphenylhydrazine in Swiss mice. Hydrazine and phenylhydrazine HCl were administered daily in drinking water, the former at 0.01% and the latter at 0.001% concentrations. The 1,2-dimethylhydrazine di HCl and Beta-N-(gamma-L(+) glutamyl)-4-hydroxymethylphenylhydrazine were given as a single subcutaneous injection at 45 mug and 100 mug/gr. body weight basis, respectively. The findings clearly showed that all four chemicals exerted a stronger toxic effect in male than in female mice. It is, therefore, recommended in similar situations to use different doses of chemicals for each sex in the long-term tumorigenesis studies. PMID- 1135521 TI - Marked elevation of plasma renin activity during post diuretic sodium conservation in furosemide stimulated subjects. AB - Plasma renin activity (PRA) was measured in 3 subjects during control period, after 3 days of oral furosemide (40 mg B.I.D.) and on the 2nd, 3rd and 5th days post diuresis. PRA, ng of angiotensin per ml plasma per 3-hour incubation was 8, 0.4 ng during the control period and rose to 51, 6 and 16 respectively. During the post diuretic phase, PRA rose to 99 in the first and 49 in the second subject. Urinary sodium was drastically reduced during this period. By 5th post diuretic day PRA returned to normal values. Striking elevations of PRA during intense sodium conservation are in accord with a concept of reduced Na load to macula densa stimulating renin release. PMID- 1135522 TI - The effect of seasonal variation on benzene potentiation of rabbit kidney histidine decarboxylase. AB - Samples of rabbit kidney histidine decarboxylase were incubated with substrate, L histidine, either in the presence or absence of one drop of benzene. The extent of histamine formation was then assessed in vitro on the isolated ileum of the guinea-pig. Benzene potentiated the activity of histidine decarboxylase by a factor of approximately five. This activating effect occurred only during the summer months. No potentiation of histidine decarboxylase was recorded during the winter in either control rabbits or in animals receiving ascorbic acid in their drinking water. It was concluded that this vitamin is probably not involved in the mediation of the benzene effect. PMID- 1135523 TI - 1-methyl-4piperidyl-bis (P-chlorophenoxy) acetate: a new hypolipidemic peroxisome proliferator. AB - Administration of 1-methyl-4-piperidyl-bis(p-chlorophenoxy) acetate (SaH 42-348) at a dietary concentration of 0.15% for 3 weeks, increased the activity of catalase in both liver and kidney of male wild type (Cs-a strain) mice. A marked increase in the activity of short chain carnitine acyltransferase in the liver was also noted. By electron microscopy, a remarkable increase in the number of peroxisomes (microbodies) was noted in the liver cells. A mild to moderate increase in number of peroxisomes in proximal convoluted tubular epithelium of the kidney was also seen. These studies demonstrate that SaH 42-348 is a potent hepatic peroxisome proliferator. PMID- 1135524 TI - Liver glycogen accumulation after cyanate treatment. AB - Sodium cyanate has been proposed as a therapy for sickle cell anemia. Histologic studies have suggested abnormal accumulation of glycogen in livers of rats. Quantitative liver glycogen determinations reported here showed a significant increase (P smaller than 0.05), which, however, was mobilized normally during fasting and after glucagon injections. PMID- 1135525 TI - Pentagastrin increases phenylalanine and decreases histidine incorporation to proteins of rat stomach. AB - Female rats were treated with L-phenylalanine-14C or L-histidine-14C, 20 mug/kg i.p. one hour before receiving pentagastrin 250 mug/kg s.c. Sixty minutes after injection of pentagastrin the incorporation of L-phenylalanine-14C into the proteins of the squamous and fundic portions of the stomach was significantly increased respectively by 18 and 17.5%. On the contrary, the uptake of Lhistidine 14C into the proteins of the squamous (-24%), fundic (-18% and duodenal (-16%) regions was significantly decreased. Incorporation of histidine and phenylalanine into the proteins of the pylorus was not significantly affected by pentagastrin. PMID- 1135526 TI - Metabolism of 4-chloroamphetamine to 3-chloro-4-hydroxyamphetamine in rat: evidence for an in vivo "NIH shift" of chlorine. PMID- 1135527 TI - [Histocompatibility antigens in ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis]. PMID- 1135528 TI - [Hypercholesteremia in the nephrotic syndrome of systemic lupus erythematosus]. PMID- 1135529 TI - [Bone cysts (geodes) in rheumatoid arthritis of children]. PMID- 1135530 TI - [Skin manifestations in rheumatism]. PMID- 1135531 TI - [Penicillamine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis]. PMID- 1135532 TI - [Effects of morning stiffness on basic work parameters in a rheumatoid hand]. PMID- 1135534 TI - [Evaluation of the effects on manual non-strenuous work on the physical and mental condition of patients with rheumatoid arthritis]. PMID- 1135533 TI - [Surgical treatment of wrist deformities in patients with rheumatoid arthritis]. PMID- 1135535 TI - [Therapeutic rehabilitation of children with rheumatoid arthritis complicated by amyloidosis]. PMID- 1135536 TI - [Disorders of the locomotor system in malabsorption syndromes]. PMID- 1135537 TI - [Importance of modern rheumatological orthopedic surgery in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis]. PMID- 1135538 TI - [Report of the Committee on Establishing Criteria of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus]. PMID- 1135539 TI - [Effect of articular fluid on leukocyte migration inhibition in patients with rheumatoid arthritis]. PMID- 1135540 TI - [Lactic acidosis]. PMID- 1135541 TI - [Nycthemeral rhythm of division and synchronization-recruitment chemotherapy in clinical oncology]. PMID- 1135542 TI - [20 years of activity at the Laboratory for Tumor Analysis in Verviers]. PMID- 1135543 TI - [Previous status: Ruling by the 6th Chamber of the Labor Tribunal, Liege, February 23, 1973]. PMID- 1135544 TI - [Role of the expert in the evaluation of economic and social factors]. PMID- 1135545 TI - [Hyperlipemias and their treatment]. PMID- 1135546 TI - [Diagnosis and treatment of anemias. Clinical illustrations]. PMID- 1135547 TI - [Effect of variations in body temperature on the clinical semeiology of multiple sclerosis]. PMID- 1135548 TI - [Indications and practical aspects of amniocentesis]. PMID- 1135549 TI - [Akinetic mutism and bicingular softening. 3 anatomo-clinical cases]. AB - The authors describe three pathological cases of akinetic mutism with, as a common basic lesion, bilateral infarction of the cingulate gyrus secondary to aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery (case n degrees 1), to a huge olfactory meningioma (case n degrees 2), both operated on, and to atheromatous occlusion of the anterior cerebral arterial system (case n degrees 3). These three cases enable a variety of "anterior and waking" akinetic mutism to be described which is unusual enough to be compared with other mesencephalic and diencephalic aspects of this syndrome. It is in fact an akinetic mutism characterized by: a certain dissociation in its non-response to various stimuli, a particularly marked appearance of wakefulness when day-time alertness is considered, conservation of the waking-sleeping rhythm, perception and reaction unpredictable and paradoxical in both degree and quality, complete absence of any spontaneous verbal communication in contrast to relative break-down of solicited communication which is infrequent, uncertain and unresponsive to the usual methods of stimulation, without any possibility of a code. In addition, there is a remarkable mimic and segmental general akinesia, resistant to the usual nociceptive stimuli, but sensitive to slight excitation of the manual and oral zones. Besides this special akinetic mutism, there are variously systematised signs, mostly asymmetrical, indicating lesion of the cortico-sub-cortical frontal structures bordering on the gyrus cinguli. This unusual behaviour pattern corresponds in these three cases to extensive anterior bilateral ischemic lesions of the cingulate gyrus regularly associated with bilateral infarctions confined to the medial aspect of F1 in the superficial territory of the two anterior cerebral arteries, to possible neurosurgical changes (ablation of the right frontal pole) and to compressive or ischaemic lesions of the gyrus rectus. These exclusively cortico-sub-cortical associated lesions are in contrast with the remarkably intact caudate nuclei, the pallidal, thalamic, hypothalamic and septal formations and the anterior pillars of the fornix. These findings compared with the results of experimental research carried out by M. Kennard, help, if help is needed, to resolve the apparent contradictions between the effects of therapeutic cingulectomies or cingulotomies and the scanty pathological data already available in cerebral vascular pathology. PMID- 1135550 TI - [Pathogenesis of astereognosia and amyotrophia of the hand in superior cervical meningioma]. PMID- 1135551 TI - [Cranial lacuna, single symptom revealing a voluminous cavernous angioma of the dura mater]. PMID- 1135552 TI - [2 cases of paralysis of the posterior branch of the radial nerve due to compression of the nerve by a lipoma]. AB - The authors report two cases of paralysis of the posterior branch of the radial nerve as a result of compression of the nerve by a benign tumour, in both instances a lipoma. Analysis of the sixteen cases appearing in the literature reveals that the symptoms and signs are constant, characterised by the progressive development of paralysis of the muscles supplied by the deep branch of the radial nerve with the appearance of a tumefaction around the lateral part of the elbow. X-rays of the elbow confirm the diagnosis in the presence of a radiotranslucent polylobulated image. Surgical excision is followed by regression and the disappearance of a-l neurological signs after an average period of 8 months. In addition to a lipoma, compression may be caused by repeated contusion of the nerve by the border of the superficial part of the short supinator muscle in association with "tennis elbow". Section of this part of the muscle border results in complete recovery. PMID- 1135553 TI - [Electrophysiological analysis of the blink reflex during hemiplegia due to hemispheric lesions]. AB - Electrical stimulation of the supra-orbital nerve induces at the same threshold an early reflex reaction in the ipsilateral orbicular muscle and a delayed bilateral reflex response. These reflex activities are modified bilaterally by unilateral hemispheric lesions. Reactions on the hemiplegic side are reduced in amplitude, unlike the responses on the "healthy side" which are facilitated. Adaptation of the reflexogenous threshold of the delayed responses to repeated stimulation is also irregular; cumulative depression occurs earlier on the hemiplegic side, the responses on the "healthy side", on the other hand, show less habituation or a total absence of it. These electrophysiological findings agree with experimental results concerning the influence of cortical structures on the activity of the nuclei of the brain stem. They also, by analogy with the results of research carried out on the limbs, support the tactile origin of the two constituents of the blink reflex. PMID- 1135554 TI - [Dysautonomia in acute primary polyradiculoneuritis]. AB - In this research involving 172 cases of acute primary polyradiculoneuritis, the authors draw attention to the frequency and seriousness of the autonomic disorders, notably circulatory disorders (arterial hypertension, bradycardia), water retention, disorders in glucose metabolism. They have found a close correlation between the development of arterial hypertension and levels of VMA and the cathecholamines and between the appearance of hyperglycaemia and the level of urinary 17 OH. Free water clearance is often negative and becomes positive as the paralytic syndrome improves. The biological picture is identical with that brought about by inappropriate secretion of HAD. From the therapeutic point of view, caution is advised in using certain procedures and in prescribing certain drugs. PMID- 1135555 TI - [Editorial: Mitral valve dysfunction]. PMID- 1135556 TI - [Renographic changes caused by furosemide, study of hypertensive and nephropathic patients]. PMID- 1135557 TI - [Protein changes in diffuse connective tissues diseases. Considerations on the mechanism of hypoalbuminemia]. PMID- 1135558 TI - [Standardization of methods for the determination of serum iron and siderophilin]. PMID- 1135559 TI - Cellulose acetate electrophoresis of serum protein in normal children II. Values from three and a half to thirteen years. PMID- 1135560 TI - Comparison of weight responses to testosterone propionate in patients with male pseudohermaphroditism and controls of different age groups. PMID- 1135561 TI - [Behaviour of serum lipids and uricemia in the acute phase of myocardial infarct]. PMID- 1135562 TI - [Histopathological and functional changes of the kidney in rheumatoid arthritis]. PMID- 1135563 TI - [Temporary hepatic assistance. IV. System and technic for the isolated perfusion of the porcine liver]. PMID- 1135564 TI - [Lateral sphincterectomy in the treatment of anal fissure. Technic and results]. PMID- 1135565 TI - [Residency: apprenticeship or a course]. PMID- 1135567 TI - Viral pollution evaluation of the Guanabara Bay. PMID- 1135566 TI - Aspects of the crowding effect in Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818) evaluated by 59-Fe uptake. PMID- 1135568 TI - [Racial composition and ahaptoglobinemia in carries of the hepatosplenic form of schistosomiasis mansoni]. PMID- 1135569 TI - [Treatment of schistosomiasis mansoni using oral oxamniquine]. PMID- 1135570 TI - [Experimental therapy of schistosomiasis. X. Diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS) in experimental schistosomiasis]. PMID- 1135571 TI - [Treatment of trichocephaliasis using mebendazole. Obtained results]. PMID- 1135572 TI - [Classification and identification of primary tumors of the mediastinum]. PMID- 1135573 TI - [Examination of the mediastinum]. PMID- 1135574 TI - [Surgical exploration of the mediastinum]. PMID- 1135575 TI - [Treatment of tumors of the mediastinum and its results]. PMID- 1135576 TI - [Mediastinal pseudotumors]. PMID- 1135577 TI - [Mediastinal tumors in children]. PMID- 1135578 TI - [Blocks of the right branch of the bundle of His]. PMID- 1135579 TI - [Truncal blocks of the left branch of the bundle of His]. PMID- 1135580 TI - [Ultrasonic echography in cardiology]. PMID- 1135581 TI - [Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]. PMID- 1135582 TI - [Scleroderma. Nosology and classification]. PMID- 1135583 TI - [Systemic scleroderma]. PMID- 1135584 TI - [Localized scleroderma: its position in sclerodermal disease]. PMID- 1135585 TI - [Pseudoscleroderma and scleroderma-like states]. PMID- 1135586 TI - [Biology of systemic scleroderma. Biopsy of the digital pulp and karyotype]. PMID- 1135588 TI - [The prognosis and treatment of scleroderma]. PMID- 1135587 TI - [Raynaud's phenomenon and systemic scleroderma]. PMID- 1135589 TI - [The place of gastric ulcer in ulcerous disease. Anatomical and physiopathological reminder; epidemiology]. PMID- 1135590 TI - [Gastric ulcer. Clinical signs, diagnostic trend, and development]. PMID- 1135591 TI - [Radiographic diagnosis of gastric ulcer]. PMID- 1135592 TI - [Information supplied by endoscopy in gastric ulcer. Practical approach]. PMID- 1135593 TI - [Complications of gastric ulcer]. PMID- 1135594 TI - [Drug-induced ulcers]. PMID- 1135595 TI - [Pyloric ulcers]. PMID- 1135597 TI - [Gastric ulcers. Surgical treatment]. PMID- 1135596 TI - [Medical treatment of gastric ulcer]. PMID- 1135598 TI - [Gastric ulcer: psychosomatic problems]. PMID- 1135599 TI - Contribution to the study of the value of EEG in psychiatrico-legal examination. PMID- 1135600 TI - Hemicrania and migraine accompanying the course of endocranial tumors. PMID- 1135601 TI - Study of nucleic acids on blood lymphocytes in myasthenia gravis. PMID- 1135602 TI - Mutual interrelations of hippocampus (dorsal and ventral) with hypothalamus. II. Hypothalamo-hippocampal projections. PMID- 1135603 TI - Cranial vault metastases. PMID- 1135604 TI - Some aspects of clinico-EEG discrepance in cerebrovascular accidents. PMID- 1135605 TI - Ventilatory therapy for acid aspiration. PMID- 1135606 TI - CEA as an adjunct in the diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal carcinoma. PMID- 1135607 TI - The hemodynamic response of cirrhotic patients to the combined administration of vasopressin and isoproterenol. PMID- 1135608 TI - Isolation of the retrohepatic vena cava by balloon catheter: an experimental assessment. PMID- 1135609 TI - Immunological memory: stable IgG patterns determine in vivo responsiveness at the clonal level. AB - Immune responsiveness to the streptococcal group polysaccharides at the clonal level can conveniently be monitored by analytical isoelectric focusing combined with autoradiography. The parameters investigated in this paper can be summarized as follows: [1] Within the first week after injection antistreptococcal p0lysaccharide responses are characterized by IgM antibodies, followed by subclass restriction in Balb/c mice to IgG2a antibodies. [2] The clonal pattern of specific IgG2a antibodies established in the second week after immunization does not change within the following 6 weeks. [3] Persistence of a specific response pattern established within a primary immunization course holds for Balb/c mice and rabbits for as long as 12 to 13 months. [4] Repeated immunization courses in mice and rabbits maintain established clonal antibody patterns in toto. Temporal variations of clonal expression are generally quantitative rather than qualitative. B-cell memory within this system is therefore stable and long lived. PMID- 1135610 TI - Hydroxyproline levels and collagenolytic activity in synovial fluids of patients with rheumatic diseases. AB - Free, total, and peptide hydroxyproline levels were determined in synovial fluid obtained from the knee joints of 60 patients with theumatoid arthritis (RA), and 26 patients with degenerative joint disease. In addition, in 160 synovial fluid samples obtained from 121 patients including 50 with degenerative joint disease, 60 with RA, 3 with Reiter's syndrome, 3 with hydarthrosis intermittens and 5 with ankylosing spondylitis, the collagenolytic activity was determined. The mean values of free and peptide hydroxyproline in the inflammatory and degenerative fluids were the same, but slight differences were found in the mean values of total hydroxyproline. No effect on the level of free and bound hydroxyproline was observed after treatment with intra-articular hydrocortisone and gold salts. The collagenolytic activity of synovial fluid was registered in 38% of cases of RA and in some cases of Reiter's syndrome and hydrarthrosis intermittens, but it was not found in 50 cases of degenerative joint disease or in cases of ankylosing spondylitis. During a longer observation of patients with inflammatory forms of RA a variability in the collagenolytic activity was observed in repeated examinations of the fluid obtained from the same patient; this activity appeared and disappeared. The incidence of collagenolytic activity and its values were higher in patients with active rheumatoid process and this activity was present more frequently in patients with a short history of the disease (up to 3 years). The collagenolytic activity of rheumatoid fluids was, to a high degree, inhibited by normal human serum. The problem of presence or lack of collagenolytic activity in rheumatoid fluids is discussed. PMID- 1135611 TI - Bone loss in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. AB - Both male and female patients with rheumatoid arthritis show a significant bone loss in the femur, compared with the loss of bone seen in normal subjects with increasing age. A very similar pattern is seen in corticosteroid treated patients with rheumatoid arthritis. There is no evidence to suggest that the corticosteroid therapy has caused a greater loss of bone from the femur than would have occurred as a result of the rheumatoid arthritis alone. There was a statistically significant relation between the duration of the rheumatoid arthritis and femoral bone lo-s in women over the age of 45 years, whether or not they had been given steroid therapy in both male and female patients over 45 years of age, but again it appears unlikely that corticosteroid therapy had contributed significantly to the femoral bone loss. The Metacarpal and Femoral Indices of the patients were significantly related in both male and female groups. PMID- 1135612 TI - Effect of short-term physical training on patients with rheumatoid arthritis I. AB - Thirty-four patients with rheumatoid arthritis, aged 38 to 63 years (mean age 56 years), were studied before and after a 6-week stay in hospital. Twenty-three of these patients underwent special physical training twice a day during this period. Physical performance, cardio-respiratory fitness and muscle strength improved significantly in the training group. In the control group there were no major changes in these measurements during this period except for an increase in muscle strength. Perceived exertion during submaximal exercise was much lower in the training group following the conditioning. Joint status was virtually unchanged over the experimental period in both groups. It is postulated that the low physical performance seen in these types of RA patients may, to a large extent, be attributed to lack of physical activity. PMID- 1135613 TI - Effect of short-term physical training on patients with rheumatoid arthritis. a six-month follow-up study. AB - Twenty-three patients with rheumatoid arthritis were retested about 6 months after 5 weeks' physical conditioning and 7 patients from a former control group were also retested. Former training group patients, who had continued to train about 4 times or more per week, had maintained the improved physical status obtained during the initial conditioning, while those patients who had trained less than that or discontinued training, had lost some or most of their improvement. The physical status in the former control group was virtually remained unchanged. Joint status in the former training group was no different at re-test than at post-training or pre-training examinations. A questionnaire, given to the training group patients. Four patients from this group returned to work had positively affected the daily physical activity of these patients. Four patients from this group returned to work after the hospital training program. PMID- 1135614 TI - X-ray changes in connection with late synovectomy of the hand in rheumatoid arthritis. AB - Eighty-two patients subjected to late synovectomy of the hand were followed up. Late synovectomy was defined as an operation performed after at least 3 years' duration of local synovitis in the type of joint operated on. The minimum follow up period was 24 months for the fingers joints (IP + PIP and MCP) and 18 months for the dorsal aspect of the wrist (W). The multifocal swelling of joints, preoperatively, was symmetrical in 89% of the patients. The X-ray changes, however, were symmetrical in only 22%, 27%, and 68% for IP + PIP, MCP, and W, respectively. These findings may preclude the use of controlled studies on early synovectomy using the non-operated hand as a control in a long-term assessment of X-ray progression. The rate of X-ray progression during the observation period was 60% for IP + PIP joints. The corresponding figures for MCP and W were 64% and 39%, respectively. Absence of bony lesions prior to synovectomy was favourable sign. PMID- 1135615 TI - Vocational and social adjustment after laryngectomy. AB - This study examined the vocational and social adjustment of 62 persons with cancer of the larynx. Predisability data were obtained by interview on 14 measures which assessed the vocational, social, and home adjustment prior to cancer. Post-disability data were obtained after laryngectomy by interview on 21 measures of adjustment. Additional measures include severity of laryngeal cancer classified by clinival stages, total or partial laryngectomy, presence of radiation therapy, presence of speech, months since surgery, age, sex, education, and marital status. The best predictors of vocational and social adjustment after laryngectomy were: removation, realism, rehabiltation outlook, previous vocational plans, highest educational grade, educational plans, and acquisition of speech. There were no significant differences in adjustment among patients in different clinical stages. PMID- 1135616 TI - The post-stroke hemiplegic patient. 1. a method for evaluation of physical performance. AB - A system for evaluation of motor function, balance, some sensation qualities and joint function in hemiplegic patients is described in detail. The system applies a cumulative numerical score. A series of hemiplegic patients has been followed from within one week post-stroke and throughout one year. When initially nearly flaccid hemiparalysis prevails, the motor recovery, if any occur, follows a definable course. The findings in this study substantiate the validity of ontogenetic principles as applicable to the assessment of motor behaviour in hemiplegic patients, and foocus the importance of early therapeutic measures against contractures. PMID- 1135617 TI - One-legged pedalling compared with two-legged pedalling on a bicycle ergometer as a basis for assessing physical condition in terms of the cardio-respiratory response to exercise. AB - An assessment has been made of the linearity of the relationship between oxygen uptake and cardio-respiratory parameters measured during pedalling with one leg on an upright bicycle ergometer. Four young male subjects pedalled at four submaximal grades. Individual regression lines of heart rate on oxygen uptake; minute ventilation on oxygen uptake; and carbon dioxide on oxygen uptake were found to have significantly high correlation coefficients. A comparison was made in 21 healthy males, of mean age 34 years (range 20-61 years), between the effects of pedaliling with one leg or two legs on the heart rate, minute ventilation and carbon dioxide production were significantly higher during work with one leg then with two legs, but there was no significant difference in the heart rates. The oxygen cost of pedalling with one leg instead of two was also higher. The comparisons were made at a standard oxygen uptake of 1.0 1 min minus 1. PMID- 1135618 TI - Dyslexia: patterns of disability and recovery. AB - A taxonomy of error--regarding the visual, grapheme-phoneme, and semantic aspects of reading--is proposed; and it is related to data from developmental studies. A preliminary analysis of recovery curves, based on the performance of two patients in tests of word-reading and object-naming, is also presented. Finally, the problem of extrapolating from test data to functional efficiency is briefly discussed. PMID- 1135619 TI - Analysis of compensatory muscles during walking in paraplegic patients. AB - The activity of compensatory muscles during walking was analysed in three paraplegics. The purpose of this study was to find out how the loss of motion of the lower extermities can be compensated and which muscles compensate most efficiently. This activity was assessed by clinical and EMG studies of thoracic and dorsal muscle contraction during swing-through gait. The study started with the first walking trial for each paraplegic, using a treadmill. At that time, all the thoracic and dorsal muscles (which were normal: 5 at the manual testing) showed a full contraction which gave an interferential pattern at the EMG. After 10 weeks, the activity of some muscles was already well rationalised (latissimus dorsi, rhomboids) in such a way that these muscles adapted themselves: contraction was followed by a period of rest which was observed clinically and recorded at the EMG. On the other hand, some muscles presented an irregular activity or even lack of activity (abdominal muscles). After 3 months there was no further modification of these patterns. In fact, thoracic muscles exhibited an excellent compensation by adaptation and rationalisation of their activity. The latissimus dorsi seemed to compensate most efficiently of all. PMID- 1135620 TI - The handling of indocyanine green by the liver. PMID- 1135621 TI - [Frequency and geographical distribution of Fasciola hepatica in Switzerland]. PMID- 1135622 TI - [Model trial of a planned drug campaign against fascioliasis]. PMID- 1135623 TI - [Studies on the postpartum rest-time in cattle]. PMID- 1135624 TI - [Cattle piroplasmoses in the Italian part of Switzerland (notes on latent infections)]. PMID- 1135625 TI - [Vascular hamartia with ependymal components in the rat brain]. PMID- 1135626 TI - Mechanical model of brain convolutional development. PMID- 1135627 TI - Neuronal excitability modulation over the sleep cycle: a structural and mathematical model. AB - A model for control of the desynchronized phase of the sleep cycle postulates reciprocal interaction between cells in the pontine gigantocellular tegmental field (FTG cells) and cells in the nucleus locus coeruleus and nucleus subcoeruleus (LC cells). This physiological model leads to equations of the Lotka Volterra type; the time course of activity predicted by the model is in good agreement with actual long-term recordings of FTG cells and single-cycle data for LC cells. PMID- 1135628 TI - Colonial nervous control of lophophore retraction in cheilostome Bryozoa. AB - Nervous impulses causing lophophore retraction over large areas of Membranipora membranacea and Electra pilosa were recorded with external electrodes. The response propagates at about 100 centimeters per second, presumably through the colonial nerve plexus of Hiller and Lutaud. Impulses are rapid up to 200 per second. A second impulse was recorded from individual zooids, probably generated by the polypide's nervous system. The retractor muscle shortens at more than 20 times its own length per second and is apparently the most rapidly contracting muscle known. PMID- 1135629 TI - Letter: Acupuncture, pain, and signal detection theory. PMID- 1135630 TI - Letter: Hemispheric asymmetry and musical performance. PMID- 1135631 TI - Renal disease in primary gout: a study of 253 gout patients with proteinuria. PMID- 1135632 TI - The Filipino and gout. AB - Hyperuricemia and gout has been recognized among the Filipinos in Hawaii, Alaska, and mainland United States for almost two decades. Several studies bearing out this impression have been reviewed. The awareness of these observation prompted an extension to the Filipino in his natural environment. These studies showed a lower mean of serum uric acid values in healthy subjects when using comparative enzymatic spectrophotometric determinations. Aside from genetic factors, Filipino hyperuricemia may become manifest because of environmental stress, including dietary stress, and investigators postulate that some Filipinos possess a renal defect that may lead to hyperuricemia due to renal inability to compensate for an increased purine intake which may occur in the shift from a low-purine Filipino diet to a high-purine Western diet in his new environment, as in the case of the Filipino immigrant. The clinical profile of gout as it exists in the Philippines has been compared and found to be similar generally to that of other series. The control of the hyperuricemia and gout has been satisfactorily accomplished in the Filipino patients with the long-term use of allopurinol, sometimes complemented with colchicine taken daily. PMID- 1135633 TI - Abnormalities of the musculoskeletal system in hemodialysis patients. PMID- 1135634 TI - Pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis: a vascular hypothesis. PMID- 1135635 TI - Antenatal diagnosis of hemoglobinopathies: social and technical considerations. PMID- 1135636 TI - "Hal"--old word, new task. Reflections on the words "Health" and "Medical". PMID- 1135637 TI - Sex differences in the content and style of medical advertisements. PMID- 1135638 TI - Relative effects of low socio-economic status, parental smoking and poor scholastic performance on smoking among high school students. PMID- 1135639 TI - A model for the social sciences and medicine: the case for hypertension. PMID- 1135640 TI - Psychiatric patients and the "untreated" cases of epidemiological surveys: a comparative analysis of the self-concept. PMID- 1135641 TI - Relations between social scientists, physicians and medical organizations in health research. PMID- 1135643 TI - Otitis externa: treatment using a new expandable wick. PMID- 1135642 TI - Distribution of gold Au 198 after intraperitoneal injection in animals. AB - The distribution of gold Au 198 after intraperitoneal administration in dogs and rats was determined by scans and tissue radioassays obtained 24 hours after injection. Relative activity and percent of injected radioisotope contained in different organs were calculated. The radioisotope was found to be heavily concentrated in mediastinal lymph nodes and liver, with liver uptake averaging 36.5% of the injected isotope 24 hours after injection. The use of therapeutic intracavitary radiocolloids should be reevaluated in light of possible excessive irradiation of the liver. PMID- 1135644 TI - Physician suicide risk: practical recognition and management. AB - This paper presents some preliminary data on physician suicides from the American Psychiatric Association Task Force on Suicide Prevention as well as pertinent items from the literature. Data are presented according to age, gender, method, and health status. Signs and symptoms that physicians should recognize in their peers and approaches that may be used to identify a physician at risk are described. PMID- 1135645 TI - Avoidable fitfalls in augmentation mammaplasty. AB - With the popularity of the augmentation mamaplasty has come a variety of approaches, prostheses, and results. In reviewing my own cases and experience, I have attempted to: (1) establish the criteria of the ideal breast contour and (2) point out a few of the pitfalls to be avoided when attempting to create surgically the ideal breast contour. PMID- 1135646 TI - Anuria resulting from extrinsic ureteral compression. AB - Two recent patients presenting with anuria due to abdominal aortic aneurysm and metastatic retroperitoneal tumor and illustrating this dramatic aspect of obstructive uropathy, provide the basis for this paper. Other reported causes of ureteral compression resulting in anuria are mentioned; these include billharzial strictures, iatrogenic ligatures, idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis, primary retroperitoneal tumors, and perirenal lymphocele. PMID- 1135647 TI - Colonoscopy: Its principles and applications. AB - Fiberoptic colonoscopy has seen its early development in the past five years and in the last two to three years a rapidly expanding experience has developed. The use of this instrument has been documented abundantly both as a diagnostic tool and as a therapeutic tool, and its effectiveness in both areas is well established. The chief therapeutic use of the colonoscope is in the removal of polyps, and in this area the experience has been most gratifying in regard to the ability to remove most polyps and the low incidencs of complications. PMID- 1135648 TI - Anesthesia for intracranial aneurysms. AB - At the Medical University of South Carolina during the past five years, 62 patients have had intracranial aneurysm surgery, with an overall mortality of 4.8%. Anesthesia was given by me to 14 of these patients. Preoperatively these patients were placed on bedrest, steroid prophylaxis, and sedative and antihypertensive medication to reduce th possibility of recurrent subarrachnoid hemorrhage. Halothane-nitrous oxide-oxygen endotracheal anesthesia with controlled ventilation was used, with careful monitoring of EKG, direct arterial pressure, arterial blood gases, body temperature, and urinary output. Adjuncts for control of bleeding and intracranial pressure were osmotic diuresis, cerebrospinal fluid drainage, minimal head-up tilt, and controlled hypotension using trimethaphan (Arfonad). There were no operative deaths, although one patient died postoperatively. Three patients had neurologic deficitys. These data indicate that controlled hypotension is a safe technic which, when properly used, can reduce the risk of anesthesia for intracranial aneurysm surgery. PMID- 1135649 TI - An evaluation of the management of hypertensive patients. AB - The medical work-ups received by hypertensive patients at Charity Hospital, New Orleans, during a three-month period in 1972 were evaluated. One hundred charts were reviewed using a questionnaire which covered aspects of history, physical examination, and laboratory tests important to the clinical evaluation of hypertension. The frequency with which these ideal parameters appeared in the charts reviewed is given in percentage form. PMID- 1135650 TI - 'Bicarbonate overshot": an indication for acetazolamide therapy. PMID- 1135651 TI - Current assessment of the distal splenorenal shunt. PMID- 1135652 TI - Prosthetic fitting immediately after below-knee amputation. AB - Frequently surgical amputation of a lower extremity is required when gangrene develops as a result of peripheral vascular disease. This is particularly true in geriatric patients. A below-knee amputation, with refinements in the surgical procedure, and immediate rigid-cast prosthetic fitting are strongly advocated by our group. The progress of two patients treated in this manner is described. Preservation of the knee joint improves the amputee's prognosis for ambulation with a below-knee prosthesis. The rigid-cast dressing on the below-knee amputation reduces edema and postoperative pain, is of psychologic value to the patient, and permits him to stand at from one to two days postoperatively. PMID- 1135654 TI - The problem-oriented record for rehabilitation personnel. PMID- 1135653 TI - Dissecting aortic aneurysm associated with pheochromocytoma. PMID- 1135655 TI - Tuberculosis without fever. AB - Fever is usually thought to accompany tuberculosis. However, a review of 103 cases of tuberculosis presenting to a general hospital showed that 53% of the patients did not have fever when they first came to the outpatient clinic, and 10% did not have fever at any time while under observation. Absence of fever in a patient with pulmonary disease should not be used as evidence against the presence of tuberculosis. PMID- 1135656 TI - Xanthomatous inflammatory pseudotumor of the lung. AB - A case of xanthomatous inflammatory pseudotumor of the lung is reported. Large lipid-laden macrophages were the most prominent microscopic feature of thelesion. Within the lung parenchyma three possible sources of alveolar lipids are serum lipids that pass into the alveolar spaces after injury to alveolar capillary walls, lipoproteins secreted by type 2 alveolar epithelial cells, and lipoproteins formed within alveolar macrophages. Phagocytosis and retention of such lipids by alveolar macrophages are proposed as important factors in the pathogenesis of the xanthomatous inflammatory pseudotumor of the lung. PMID- 1135658 TI - Reading writing: improving medical self-education through more efficient reading. PMID- 1135657 TI - "Overcontrol" of juvenile diabetes mellitus. PMID- 1135659 TI - Reversible dementia due to folate deficiency. PMID- 1135660 TI - Radionuclide cerebral angiography in Paget's disease (osteitis deformans) of the skull. PMID- 1135661 TI - Filling defect in terminal ileum due to an aneurysm of right common iliac artery. PMID- 1135662 TI - Transchest ventricular defibrillation of a subject weighing 102.5 kg (225.9 lb). PMID- 1135663 TI - [Polyclinic registration and the marking of the individual charts of ambulatory patients]. PMID- 1135664 TI - [Experience in centralizing material and technical supplies of public health institutions in a municipal district]. PMID- 1135666 TI - [Organizational problems of a blood service]. PMID- 1135665 TI - [Characteristics of the physical development of Uzhgorod schoolchildren]. PMID- 1135667 TI - [Contemporary problems of managing a sanitary-epidemiological service in an autonomous republic, territory and province]. PMID- 1135668 TI - [Some new trends in the improvement of ambulatory polyclinic aid to the population in the People's Republic of Bulgaria]. PMID- 1135669 TI - [Some aspects of the economics and financing of public health in the People's Republic of Bulgaria]. PMID- 1135670 TI - [Basic data on the state of public health in Czechoslovakia in 1972]. PMID- 1135671 TI - [Experience in systematizing and classifying sources in the history of medicine]. PMID- 1135672 TI - [Some problems in specialized aid to pulmonology patients in the polyclinic]. PMID- 1135673 TI - [Strumitis from the aspect of the medical and surgical treatment with regard to diagnostically complicated cases]. PMID- 1135674 TI - [Reconstruction surgery in the area of peripheral vessels using venous grafts and artificial prosthesis]. PMID- 1135675 TI - [Complications following translumbar aortography]. PMID- 1135676 TI - [Physiological arteriovenous shunts in the lungs of cardiosurgical patients]. PMID- 1135677 TI - [Lymphatic drainage during extreme hemodilution. Preliminary communication]. PMID- 1135678 TI - [Significance of celiacography in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinomas]. PMID- 1135679 TI - [Significance of capnography in thromboembolism of the pulmonary artery]. PMID- 1135680 TI - [How often does a surgeon operate on an acute abdomen of gynecological etiology]. PMID- 1135681 TI - [Duodenobiliary fistulas]. PMID- 1135682 TI - [Retroperitoneal ruptures of the duodenum]. PMID- 1135683 TI - [Bronchobiliary fistula]. PMID- 1135684 TI - [Surgical lesions of the common hepatic duct with unusual complications]. PMID- 1135685 TI - [Our experiences with liver injuries during the last 10 years]. PMID- 1135687 TI - [Unconfirmed cancer of the large intestine]. PMID- 1135686 TI - [Importance of lymphatic drainage in ischemia of the liver I. Lymph flow of the thoracic duct, concentration of proteins and minerals in the lymph and plasma]. PMID- 1135688 TI - [Is it possible to influence the safety of deep colorectal anastomoses?]. PMID- 1135689 TI - [Study of a rare ectopic localization ofthe stomach in a large scrotal hernial]. PMID- 1135690 TI - [Benign gastrocolic fistula]. PMID- 1135691 TI - [Carcinoid from the surgeon's point of view I]. PMID- 1135692 TI - [Early repeated operations in the surgical practice]. PMID- 1135693 TI - [Malignant obstructions of the large intestine of gynecological etiology]. PMID- 1135694 TI - Worth the paper it's written on. PMID- 1135695 TI - Letter: Determination of serum triglycerides by nephelometry. PMID- 1135696 TI - Letter: The preparation of thyroid peroxidase. PMID- 1135697 TI - Letter: New statutory tariff. PMID- 1135699 TI - Carbon tetrachloride overdosage. A case report. AB - A case is described of a 30-year-old White male who drank 120 ml carbon tetrachloride (CCI4). The patient suffered severe liver damage and oliguria, he developed atrial fibrillation and become confused and irritable. During recovery, his bone marrow became depressed. He was discharged 29 days after admission. PMID- 1135698 TI - Sugar intake and dental caries in pupils in four South African ethnic groups. AB - In virtually all populations, the prevalence of dental caries is increasing. To elucidate the local situation, especially as regards the influence of sugar intake, appropriate studies, In association with dental research workers, were made on 16-17-year-old pupils in four South African ethnic groups-Back, Coloured, Indian and White. As expected, the caries situation in Whites was poor, and in rural Blacks, excellent; data on Coloureds and Indians were intermediate. The most outstanding finding was that urban Blacks still have very good teeth despite relatively high sugar intake and an increasing consumption of refined cereal products. Discussion of these results, as well as those reported in numerous similar investigations, leads to the view that sugar is neither the sole nor the principal cariogenic component of modern dietaries. PMID- 1135700 TI - Tyramine content of South African cheeses. AB - The tyramine content of certain South African cheeses has been determined by gas chromatographic analysis. Aged (mature) cheese such as cheddar and Roquefort contain relatively large concentrations of tyramine as compared with other cheese, especially cottage cheese. Foods containing pressor amines must be avoided by certain patients. PMID- 1135701 TI - Letter: Alcohol intake in South African white middle-aged males. PMID- 1135702 TI - Letter: Expected influenza infection. PMID- 1135703 TI - Letter: Medical liability. PMID- 1135704 TI - Lynestrenol as a contraceptive preparation. Experience with a micro-dosage formulation. AB - Lynestrenol 0,5 mg was administered daily for a total of 1 082 cycles to 143 women of proven fertility and natural sexual activity. Twenty-three women withdrew from the trial for various reasons, the commonest of which were menstrual distrubances. No unplanned or accidental pregnancies occured. The menstrual disturbances tended to become less troublesome with continuation of treatment, and this was noted in relation to other side-effects, of which headache and loss of libido were initially the most troublesome. PMID- 1135705 TI - Malignant melanoma of the skin in Black Africans. AB - Malignant melanoma of the skin in Blacks in formidable and sinister tumour. This study is concerned with the epidemiology of malignant melanoma, as seen in both urban and rural Black Africans. A smaller series in which follow-up on the patients was available is included. To our knowledge, this is the first study of its kind in which follow-up, and hence survival figures, can be quoted. Although the numbers are relatively small, they provide a valuable indication of the behaviour of melanomas in this group. The difficulties of follow-up cannot be overemphasised, and follow-up on 79 cases out of 100 could be obtained only by the employment of an able and enthusiastic Black social worker for 3 years. The first recorded survival figures in a Black population show a 3-year survival rate of only 28,4%. Prognosis is related to the size and extent of the tumour with larger and more widespread tumours faring worse than others. The incidence of malignant melanoma in Johannesburg Black was 1,2 per 100 000 and accounted for 2% of all cancers. The largest number of cases occurred in the 50- 70-year age group and there was a female preponderance. As in previous studies, the sites predominantly affected were the foot and the hand, mainly on the plantar and palmar surfaces. PMID- 1135707 TI - Shapiro versus 'Punch'. PMID- 1135706 TI - Plasma renin levels in Zulu hypertensives. AB - Plasma renin was measured by immunoassay in 10 normal Zulu controls and 72 hypertensive Zulu patients. Plasma renin values were similar in controls and patients with benign essential hypertension (1,6 plus or minus 0,83 and 1,7 plus or minus 0,21 ng/ml). PMID- 1135708 TI - The effect of new legislation of prescribing and sale of medicines and scheduled substances. PMID- 1135709 TI - Whither Caesarean section? PMID- 1135710 TI - Letter: Tuberous sclerosis: a case report. PMID- 1135711 TI - Letter: The importance of calibrating phototherapy units. PMID- 1135712 TI - Letter: Familial benign chronic neutropenia. PMID- 1135713 TI - Incidence of Crohn's disease at Groote Schuur Hospital during 1970-1974. AB - In the period 1970-1974, 45 patients with Crohn's disease were seen. The incidence of the disease seems to be increasing. Twenty-nine of the patients were White, and 16 Coloured. The disease involved the small bowel alone in 9 patients, the ileocaecal region in 17, the large bowel alone in 4 and both the small and the large bowel in 15. Alone or in combination, abdominal cramps and diarrhoea were the commonest modes of presentation. The type of therapy used is discussed. Only 10 patients in this study have not as yet required surgery. Salazopyrin, steroids, antibiotics and azathioprine have been used with varying success in the treatment of most of the patients. Crohn's disease has a high degree of morbidity, but a low mortality rate. PMID- 1135714 TI - Comparative determination of total serum thyroxine. Radio-immunoassay and protein binding assay. AB - The precision, accuracy, sensitivity and clinical results of a radio immunological method for the determination of total serum thyroxine are compared with similar criteria of a competitive protein-binding assay. Application of both methods in the assay of thyroxine in 150 serum samples gave good agreement between the two techniques. The radio-immunoassay offers certain methodological advantages and is considerably less costly than thyroxine determinations in which commercially available kits are used. PMID- 1135715 TI - Dogbite injuries in children. AB - An analysis of 50 children suffering from severe dogbites showed that the face was the anatomical site of predilection (75%(, and that the breed of dog most commonly involved was the Alsatian (German Shepherd). Primary debridement and suture under general anaesthesia is the treatment of choice. Ampicillin has been shown to be the antibiotic giving the widest over-all prophylactic chemotherapeutic cover. PMID- 1135716 TI - Letter: Corticosteroid treatment. PMID- 1135717 TI - Letter: Treatment of diabetic coma with low-dose hourly intramuscular insulin. PMID- 1135718 TI - Radiology of the autosomal dominant form of craniometaphyseal dysplasia. AB - The autosomal dominant variety of craniometaphyseal dysplasia was diagnosed in 8 members of three generations of a White family living in the Cape Province and in Natal. Radiographic investigations of these individuals permitted assessment of the spectrum of involvement and of the age relationship of the abnormalities. Characteristic radiographic features included cranial hyperostosis and sclerosis, in association with metaphyseal splaying. Diagnostic precision in this order permits accurate prognostication and rational genetic counseling. PMID- 1135719 TI - Leiomyosarcoma of the stomach. AB - Leiomyosarcomas comprise only 1-3 percent of malignant growths of the stomach. In the case presented, the correct diagnosis was not made pre-operatively. This article emphasises that, although they are rare, these tumours have certain characteristics which make possible a correct pre-operative diagnosis. Only 1 Black African patient has hitherto been described. PMID- 1135720 TI - The administration of drugs and tranquillisers where it can lead to dependence on the part of the patient in hospital. AB - Prevention of the development of dependence on drugs and tranquillizers in hospital is a task which requires constant vigilance on the part of the hospital authorities as well as the right attitude on the part of prescribing doctors, administrating nurses and receiving public. PMID- 1135721 TI - The air transport of patients. AB - Air transport of patients by light aircraft and air ambulance is safe, fast and comfortable, and it is becoming increasingly popular. There are, however, specific problems, shortcomings and other details which must be dealt with effectively at various levels to ensure the best service for the patient. PMID- 1135722 TI - Virus particles and gastro-enteritis in Black and White Children in Rhodesia. AB - Stools from Black and White children with gastroenteritis and from controls were investigated for potentially pathogenic agents by conventional virological and bacteriological methods and by electron microscopy. Isolations were obtained in 30 percent of cases but electron microscopy more than doubled the number of agents found. Orbiviruses were present in 40 percent of all cases, often in combination with other organisms. There was no difference between the Black and White groups. PMID- 1135723 TI - [The moment of death]. AB - With the development of medical science, especially the advances made in the transplantation of human tissues and organs, members of the medical and legal professions are taking a renewed interest in the diagnosis of the exact moment of death. The object of this symposium is to combine the views and suggestions of the medical, legal and other professions in an attempt to form a medico-legal definition of the moment of death. PMID- 1135724 TI - Tuberculous osteomyelitis of the rib. A case report. AB - Tuberculous osteomyelitis of the ribs is a rare condition. This report describes a circumscribed tuberculous lesion of the rib shaft which presented as an abscess of the chest wall. The management is described and the literature is briefly reviewed. PMID- 1135725 TI - Letter: New platelet measurements. PMID- 1135726 TI - The changing pattern of cancer mortality in South Africa, 1949-1969. AB - Cancer mortality rates for Whites, Coloureds and Asians for the period of 1949 - 1969 have been analysed, and a changing pattern has been found. Some comparisons with other countries have been made, and the risk for each race group has been delineated for cancers at the commonest sites. PMID- 1135727 TI - Cardiac disease in Malawi. AB - A prospective clinical study of 114 Malawian patients with cardiac disease seen at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, is presented. Rheumatic and hypertensive heart disease, cardiorenal failure and severe anaemia were the most common causes. Pericardial disease, mainly due to tuberculosis, was an important treatable cause of cardiac disease. Endomyocardial fibrosis was not diagnosed with certainty and cardiomyopathy was relatively uncommon. Ischaemic heart disease was not seen. PMID- 1135728 TI - Haemophilia home infusions with dried fresh plasma. AB - A group of 26 haemophilic patients was successfully managed on a home infusion programme over a one-year period. Single donor units of dried fresh plasma, the coagulant activity of which was adequate to ensure haemostasis of most of the haemorrhagic episodes treated, were used. The transmission of hepatitis was kept to a minimum by careful selection of regular, known donors and by the utilisation of single donor units of plasma in preference to plasma pools. Although the programme was costly, it was less expensive than it would have been had alternate antihaemophilic products been used. The advantages and disadvantages of self administration are discussed. No serious mishaps occurred, and the programme was considered an outstanding success by both laymen and medical personnel. Minor alterations in liver function tests were demonstrated in several of the recipients. No factor VIII inhibitors were detected. PMID- 1135729 TI - Congenital rhabdomyoma of the heart. AB - A case of rhabdomyoma of the heart found in a Black female infant at postmortem examination, as well as the clinical data, necropsy and histopathological findings, are presented. The characteristics of cardiac rhabdomyomata are discussed. PMID- 1135730 TI - [Determining when a person is dead]. AB - The man-in-the-street's idea of death is centred around the cessation of respiratory and cardiac function. Both these functions can be artificially maintained and the question may then arise as to whether a patient is dead or alive. Certain criteria of death are discussed, and stress is laid on the fact that doctors concerned with declaration of death must never be concerned or involved in organ transplantation. PMID- 1135731 TI - Suid-Afrikaanse Geneeskundige en Tandheelkundige Raad: South African Medical and Dental Council. PMID- 1135732 TI - [Emergency medical care in the P.R. (People's Republic) of Bulgaria]. PMID- 1135733 TI - General night inspection in the town of Pecs (results of an analysis). PMID- 1135734 TI - Considerations on the theory of sickness absenteeism. PMID- 1135735 TI - On some health indices of adolescents in the conditions of the dynamic urbanization of people's republic of Bulgaria. PMID- 1135736 TI - [Preventive value of some biological tests of exposure]. PMID- 1135737 TI - Effectiveness of mass radiophotographic examinations in the tuberculosis control. II. Detection of tuberculosis and other chest diseases by radiophotographic examinations. PMID- 1135738 TI - [Study of some indicators of the respiratory morbidity with temporary working disability, recorded in an occupational group]. PMID- 1135739 TI - [Evaluation of the effectiveness of ambulatory care]. PMID- 1135740 TI - Epidemiological researches on acute myocardial infarction. Incidence of the acute myocardial infarction. PMID- 1135741 TI - [Results of the medical record documentation in GDR (German Democratic Republic) represented by a study on the tonsillectomy problem]. PMID- 1135742 TI - Mortality in the first 6 days of life considered on a world-wide scale and in Hungary. PMID- 1135743 TI - [Tasks concerning the development and improvement of medical education in Hungary]. PMID- 1135744 TI - The cardiovascular physiology of the critically ill patient. PMID- 1135745 TI - Use of balloon flotation catheters in critically ill patients. AB - In summary, balloon flotation catheterization of the central circulation provides data in patient management which are meaningful and important. It has allowed the application of sound physiologic principles to the understanding of the circulatory abnormalities characterizing an illness in an individual patient, and provides a rational basis for selection of therapy with objective, quantitative assessment of patient response. The procedures are simple, the complication rate is low, and the information highly relevant to clinical care. PMID- 1135746 TI - Peripheral vasodilators in low cardiac output states. PMID- 1135747 TI - External counterpulsation in low cardiac output states. AB - External counterpulsation represents a rational extension of the basic principles of counterpulsation as developed over the past 20 years. Its unique properties of being totally noninvasive, free of significant morbidity, and easily and quickly instituted clinically suggest that it may have a significant therapeutic role in the prevention and treatment of cardiogenic shock following acute myocardial infarction as well as being helpful in other cardiac disorders. Continuing evaluation is necessary, and it should be thought of as one of several useful mechanical circulatory assist devices now available to the internist, cardiologist, and surgeon caring for the critically ill patient. PMID- 1135748 TI - Cardiac tamponade. AB - Cardiac tamponade is an insidious and often fatal complication which can occur on any service, in many diseases, and at any age. The increasing pressure within the pericardium prevents ventricular filling and depresses cardiac output, coronary and systemic perfusion, and venous return. Compensatory mechanisms may protect the patient for some time, but prompt diagnosis and rapid decompression are usually required and must be followed by meticulous evaluation and treatment of the underlying disease. PMID- 1135749 TI - Membrane lung perfusion for acute respiratory failure. PMID- 1135750 TI - Hemodilution. AB - The dilution of whole blood leads to a significant improvement of its rheologic properties based on a decrease in hematocrit and, hence, blood viscosity. Under conditions of normovolemia and an adequate response of the cardiorespiratory system, the acute dilution of blood will enhance the venous return to the heart and thereby improve total and capillary blood flow significantly. In the hematocrit range of 25 to 30 per cent (limited hemodilution), this increase in flow rate is able to compensate fully for the diminished oxygen content of the blood. Changes in oxygen extraction or in oxygenhemoglobin affinity are only encountered at hematocrits below 20 per cent or if hemodilution is associated with hypovolemia. Since normovolemia is the condition sine qua non for the heart to increase its output compensatorily, intentional hemodilution should preferably be performed with colloid solutions which are capable of maintaining the colloid osmotic pressure of plasma and the circulating volume in normal limits. Limited normovolemic hemodilution with its beneficial effects on microcirculatory flow and tissue nutrition is emphasized for the treatment of impaired microcirculation as occurring in shock and low flow states, polycythemia, and high viscosity syndromes. Acute preoperative hemodilution is a means of reducing the use of bank blood and of avoiding the risks of blld transfusions in patients undergoing major elective surgery. Extreme hemodilution and total body washout in hypothermia appear to be effective clinical tools. PMID- 1135751 TI - Differential diagnosis and treatment of oliguria in post-traumatic and postoperative patients. PMID- 1135752 TI - Momitoring the patient in shock: what, when, and how. AB - In critically ill patients there is frequently more than one problem, which may not be obvious, contributing to the shock state. The history, physical exam, and monitoring devices may not be reliable individually, but must be considered together and interpreted in the light of the pathophysiologic mechanisms involved. A plan for monitoring and treating critically ill patients is outlined. The advantages and limitations of various monitoring techniques are discussed. PMID- 1135754 TI - Texas medical schools expand in 70s. PMID- 1135753 TI - Use of vasoactive drugs in the treatment of shock. AB - The effective use of vasoactive drugs in shock requires an understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms involved in the various types and stages of shock and knowledge of the specific pharmacologic effects of each drug in the abnormal state. Vasoactive drugs should be used after the primary and secondary causes of shock have been corrected. Specific vasoactive drugs should be selected on the basis of measured hemodynamic abnormalities. PMID- 1135755 TI - Legal protection: facts you should know. PMID- 1135756 TI - Medicine and the law: Black silk suture allergy prompts malpractice suit. PMID- 1135757 TI - Cardiogenic shock and its current treatment. PMID- 1135758 TI - Propoxyphene napsylate detoxification. PMID- 1135759 TI - Use of digitalis and diuretics. PMID- 1135760 TI - Hemodialysis in Texas: when, where, and for whom. PMID- 1135761 TI - What's your diagnosis? PMID- 1135762 TI - Academic achievements of Baylor work-study students. PMID- 1135763 TI - SAMA-UTMB. National Student Research Forum. PMID- 1135764 TI - Improving listening effectiveness. PMID- 1135765 TI - [Vascular disorders of the upper extremities (author's transl)]. PMID- 1135766 TI - [The aortic arch syndrome (author's transl)]. PMID- 1135767 TI - [The diagnosis of the shoulder girdle syndrome (author's transl)]. PMID- 1135768 TI - [Radiologic aspects of the thoracic outlet syndrome (author's transl)]. PMID- 1135769 TI - [Vein thrombosis on the upper extremity (author's transl)]. PMID- 1135770 TI - [Cervical discopathy, diagnosis and differential diagnosis (author's transl)]. PMID- 1135771 TI - [The shoulder pain (author's transl)]. PMID- 1135772 TI - [Transversal syndromes in cases of vertebral tumors (author's transl)]. PMID- 1135773 TI - [The surgical treatment of essential trigeminal neuralgia (author's transl)]. PMID- 1135774 TI - [Pharmacological approach of the function of certain subcortical non specific structures intervening in the genesis of the evoked visual potentials. Application to the study of various psychotropic drugs]. PMID- 1135775 TI - [Experimental study of a new derivative of amphetamine]. PMID- 1135776 TI - [Action of clopamide and furosemide on blood urea and creatinine in the renal insufficient rat]. PMID- 1135777 TI - [Study of the inhibition of blood platelet aggregation and adhesiveness by 2 soluble derivatives of acetylsalicylic acid]. PMID- 1135779 TI - [Letter: Comparison of values of blood papaverine 2 and 8 hours after the adsorption of 2 different derivative salts of the alkaloid]. PMID- 1135778 TI - [Rheographic study of the effects of dihydroergotamine on the encephalic and peripheral hemodynamics in healthy subjects]. PMID- 1135780 TI - [Several examples of applications of the analog computer to pharmacokinetics]. PMID- 1135781 TI - [Numerical simulation of the blood kinetics of BSP. Treatment by identification of a mathematical model]. PMID- 1135782 TI - [Perfection of a model of compartments relative to the internal contamination by labelled thymidine. Experimental study in swine. Applications to human situations]. PMID- 1135783 TI - [Principle of use of minicomputers in acquisition and treatment of data]. PMID- 1135784 TI - [Automatic treatment of cardiovascular parameters]. PMID- 1135785 TI - [General principles of analog computers. Pharmocokinetic and biopharmaceutic applications]. PMID- 1135786 TI - [Analysis of on line signals relative to blood pressure in the dog]. PMID- 1135787 TI - [Influence of the heterocyclization of salicylanilides on their photo-allergic activity]. PMID- 1135789 TI - Thromboplastic activity of human ovarian tumours. PMID- 1135788 TI - [Effect of tetrahydrocannabinol and of cannabidiol on wound healing and regeneration of the planaria Dugesia tigrina]. PMID- 1135790 TI - The effect of dextran on collagen-induced platelet aggregation in vitro. PMID- 1135791 TI - Soluble fibrin monomer complexes and fibrinolytic activity in kidney during the generalized Shwartzman reaction in rabbit. PMID- 1135792 TI - Platelet function following venous occlusion in man. PMID- 1135793 TI - [Health screening of women in Rennesoy. Findings, costs and usefulness in the age groups 1900-1946]. PMID- 1135794 TI - [Acute hepatic porphyria]. PMID- 1135795 TI - [Contraceptive advice to puerperal women. Does it have any effect?]. PMID- 1135796 TI - [Anti-inflammatory agents--General review]. PMID- 1135797 TI - [Allergic rhinitis]. PMID- 1135798 TI - [Acute endoscopy in hematemesis--melena]. PMID- 1135799 TI - [Letter: Poisoning paresis of the lower extremities following short-time use of furadantin (nitrofurantoin)]. PMID- 1135800 TI - [The administrative system]. PMID- 1135801 TI - [The physician's role in the national insurance system]. PMID- 1135802 TI - [Sickness benefits--the law--medical aspects]. PMID- 1135803 TI - [Rehabilitation benefits--the law--medical aspects]. PMID- 1135804 TI - [Treatment of advanced kidney adenocarcinoma]. PMID- 1135805 TI - [Treatment of advanced prostatic cancer]. PMID- 1135806 TI - [Treatment of advanced malignant testicular tumors]. PMID- 1135807 TI - [Strict posterior infarction]. PMID- 1135808 TI - [Bronchial carcinoma in a young man exposed to chromates]. PMID- 1135809 TI - [Preoperative irradiation in carcinoma of the breast]. PMID- 1135810 TI - [Primary inoperable carcinoma of the breast]. PMID- 1135811 TI - [Container for infusions fluid in soft plastic. Risks with addition of drug concentrations]. PMID- 1135812 TI - [Kidney lesions following treatment with cephalothin and gentamicin]. PMID- 1135813 TI - [Lithium and diuretics]. PMID- 1135814 TI - [Acetylsalicylic acid and hemorrhagia diathesis. Short reveiw of current literature]. PMID- 1135815 TI - [Propranolol (Inderal) in migraine]. PMID- 1135816 TI - [Naproxen (Naprosyn)]. PMID- 1135817 TI - [Editorial: Cervical cancer and social status]. PMID- 1135818 TI - [Narcotic study in Oslo]. PMID- 1135819 TI - [Is the cannabis decreasing in Denmark]. PMID- 1135820 TI - [Abuse of psychopharmacological drugs, hypnotics and sedatives among young drug addicts]. PMID- 1135821 TI - [Blood transfusion service. Current status and new tasks]. PMID- 1135822 TI - [Intracranial leukemic infiltrates in children]. PMID- 1135823 TI - [Joint symtoms in acute leukemia]. PMID- 1135824 TI - [Sponge kidneys. Rene a spugna]. PMID- 1135825 TI - [The destiny of the mental hospital]. PMID- 1135826 TI - Thallium poisoning. Evaluation of initial dose from urinary excretion. PMID- 1135827 TI - [Treatment of fractures in the proximal end of femur]. PMID- 1135828 TI - [Paracetamol poisoning--liver damage]. PMID- 1135829 TI - [Vitamin E--can an overdosage be harmful?]. PMID- 1135830 TI - [Ketogan]. PMID- 1135831 TI - [The effect of atropine on the heart]. PMID- 1135832 TI - [Editorial: Treatment of acute leukemia in children]. PMID- 1135833 TI - [Editorial: Ligation of the hepatic artery]. PMID- 1135834 TI - [Disaster medicine preparedness. Purpose for medical relief work]. PMID- 1135835 TI - [Disaster medicine terminologym definitions, abbreviations and explanations]. PMID- 1135836 TI - [Orientation in disaster medicine preparedness]. PMID- 1135837 TI - [Disaster area. Medical relief work in catastrophes and larger accidents]. PMID- 1135838 TI - [Connection--communication--information. A review and principle views]. PMID- 1135839 TI - [Transport]. PMID- 1135840 TI - [Hospital organization in a disastrous situation]. PMID- 1135841 TI - [Physician's role in relief work]. PMID- 1135842 TI - [Definition of international disaster medicine]. PMID- 1135843 TI - [Disaster medicine preparedness]. PMID- 1135845 TI - [Special disaster medicine. Wounds]. PMID- 1135844 TI - [General disaster medicine]. PMID- 1135846 TI - [Burns]. PMID- 1135847 TI - [Hypothermia]. PMID- 1135848 TI - [Local Frost Injuries]. PMID- 1135849 TI - [Drownings]. PMID- 1135851 TI - [Infections]. PMID- 1135850 TI - [Diving diseases and injuries]. PMID- 1135852 TI - [Gass accidents]. PMID- 1135853 TI - [Radiation injuries]. PMID- 1135854 TI - [Head injuries]. PMID- 1135855 TI - [Neck and back injuries]. PMID- 1135856 TI - [Extremity injuries]. PMID- 1135857 TI - [Thoracic, abdominal and pelvic injuries]. PMID- 1135858 TI - [Psychiatric reactions during crises and catastrophes]. PMID- 1135859 TI - Histocompatibility testing in dogs. I. A semi-micro mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) technique for histocompatibility matching in dogs. AB - A semi-micro method for the mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) test in dogs is described. Optimization of various factors influencing the test were invistigated. Discrimination between allogeneic and isogeneic cell mixtures was possible after 90 h or culture but a culture period of 144 h was found to be optimal. The method measures MLC identity or non-identity and can be used as a tool for histocompatibility testing of lymphocyte defined (LD) Antigens. PMID- 1135860 TI - Histocompatibility testing in dogs. II. Leukocyte typing in relation to the mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) reactivity. AB - The correlation between MLC reactivity (LD) and serological leukocyte typing (SD) was studied in a beagle colony. Disparity for a serologically defined non-DL-A lymphocyte antigen did not correlate with MLC reactivity. Lymphocytes of colony members with common ancestors and SD identical DL-A haplotypes did not stimulate each other in the MLC. This implies that LD typing in the beagle coolony can be generally predicted by DL-A SD typing. Consequently, lymphocytes of sibs homozygous for a given DL-A SD haplotype could be shown, with few exceptions, to be also homozygous for MLC determinants. Cells of these homozygous sibs can be used in MLC typing as reference cells for DL-A LD specificities. Two exceptions to the expected linkage between DL-A SD typing and MLC reactivity were found. These findings could not be explained by recombination with the DL-A region assuming a single major LD locus coding for MLC. Thus, suggestive evidence for more than one single LD locus has been obtained. PMID- 1135861 TI - Serotyping for MLC gene products: I. Presumptive evidence that ABCIL may detect MLC factors. AB - Serum from a grand multiparous Inuit (Eskimo) woman, who is HL-A identical but stimulatory in MLC with cells of her husband, contains strong ABCIL reactivity. This serum is operationally monospecific against a cell membrane determinant on lymphocytes, but not platelets, of some unrelated persons. Cells of those who are ABCIL positive with this serum always give a lower MLC stimulation index compared with their MLC responsiveness to cells that are ABCIL negative. This serum also contains good MLC inhibitory activity but only in those one way MLC reactions in which it reacts, by ABCIL, with the stimulating cells. It is postulated that the ABCIL activity is directed against a common MLC factor on lymphocytes. PMID- 1135862 TI - A new alloantigenic system on human lymphocytes. AB - Certain otherwise well-definedHL-Atyping sera contain extra antibodies which do not appear to be closely related to known HL-A specificites and which react in the cytotoxic test with chronic lymphaticleukemia lymphocytes but not with normal lymphocytes. Despite nonreactivity in thecytotoxic test, absorption studies show that the antigenic factors are well represented onnormal lymphocytes. Based on cross-absorption experiments using both normal andleukemic cells, followed by back-testing with the cytotoxic test against a leukemiccell panel, evidence is presented suggesting the existence of a complex, probablymultiple allelic system on human lymphoid cells which appears distinct from the, HL-Asystem, and is definable by serologic techniques. PMID- 1135863 TI - Ankylosing spondylitis in a large kindred: clinical and genetic studies. AB - In a kindred of 66 members spanning four generations, seven cases of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) HAVE BEEN FOUND. Four of these were in a single sibship of 13. AS was associated with HL-A27 in three of the four involved siblings, but close linkage was shown to be unlikely. Knowledge of HL-A genotype has made possible informed counseling for younger members of the sibship of 13, some of whom, as teenagers, already have back pain. PMID- 1135864 TI - Editorial: Regarding the future of the national center for Toxicological Research. PMID- 1135865 TI - Mechanistic studies on carbon tetrachloride hepatoxicity in fasted and fed rats. PMID- 1135866 TI - Liver cell culture toxicity and surfactant potency of erythromycin derivatives. PMID- 1135867 TI - Ethanol-induced cross tolerance to several homologous alcohols in the rat. PMID- 1135868 TI - Inhibition of serotonin uptake and the toxic interaction between meperidine and monoamine oxidase inhibitors. PMID- 1135869 TI - Acute and subacute toxicity of cytochalasin E in the rat. PMID- 1135870 TI - Distribution, excretion, and binding of radioactivity in the rat after intraperitoneal administration of the lung-toxic furan, [14C]4-Ipomeanol. PMID- 1135871 TI - Effects of cytochalasin E on fluid balance in the rat. PMID- 1135872 TI - Effects on ethanol on serum electrolytes and respiration in euthyroid and hyperthyroid rats. PMID- 1135873 TI - Cardiomyopathy predisposes hamsters to trichlorofluoromethane toxicity. PMID- 1135874 TI - The toxicologic and teratologic effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in the zebrafish embryo. PMID- 1135875 TI - Biochemical effects of methylmercuric chloride, cadmium chloride, and lead nitrate on embryos and alevins of the brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis. PMID- 1135876 TI - Percutaneous absorption of hexachlorophene following daily whole body washings. PMID- 1135877 TI - Tissue distribution of ['H]nicotine in dogs and rhesus monkeys. PMID- 1135878 TI - The effect of potassium dichromate on renal tubular transport processes. PMID- 1135879 TI - Teratogenicity of oral diazepam and diphenylhydantoin in mice. PMID- 1135880 TI - Further studies of methamphetamine-induced insulin release. PMID- 1135881 TI - The effect of maternally inhaled trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, methyl chloroform, and methylene chloride on embryonal and fetal development in mice and rats. PMID- 1135882 TI - The minimal oral toxicity level for mevinphos in man. PMID- 1135884 TI - [Three-dimensional isodoses for radiotherapy in stereoscopic demonstration]. AB - Three-dimensional isodoses can be calculated with the aid of computers, and recorded stereoscopically in a relatively inexpensive manner. A critical judgement is given concerning the clinical practical as well as the instructional value of stereoscopic representations of isodoses. PMID- 1135883 TI - [Problems of cancer therapy in the hairy part of the head]. AB - Biological assumptions concerning carcinogenesis at the hairy part of the head were discussed. At the Research Institute of Oncology in Sofia, 71 patients suffering from a carcinoma at the hairy part of the head were treated until 1967. -47.2 percent of them were in the first stage, and 34.7 percent in the second stage. The temporal region was affected most (39.3 percent). Contact therapy was done preferably. Three years after treatment, all persons treated (100 percent) were cured--after five years 82.2 percent, and after ten years 58.0 percent. Four patients were affected by regional lymph metastases; in two of these persons, biologically verified metastases of basicellular cancer became evident. PMID- 1135885 TI - [Changes of peripheral leukenic lymphocytes during radiotherapy and clinical symptoms of indirect radiation effect]. AB - Leukaemic lymphocytes are much more sensitive even to local irradiation than non leukaemic ones. The substantial drop in the number of lymphocytes id partly due to indirect radio-biological effects. It appears likely that the antigens liberated by the damaged tumour cells under the action of radiation augment immunoreaction thus causing additional pathological cells to be destroyed (radioinduced immune processes). PMID- 1135886 TI - Dose distributions and mean doses in cylindrical cavities of bone marrow on X-ray irradiation. AB - Dose distributions as well as mean doses to cylindrical cavities of bone marrow on X-ray irradiation have been calculated using (a) Monte Carlo method and (b) a simplified straight line approximation method. The results are compared with earlier published ones. Point doses differ appreciably from the earlier results by as much as 40 percent at some points, whereas mean doses agree to within 10 percent for all the three methods. PMID- 1135887 TI - Histological studies after experimental grid irradiation vi. Findings on Guerin tumours irradiated by high doses. AB - Author demonstrated subsequent to high-dose grid irradiation in Guerin-tumours of the rat the histological grid pattern corresponding to inhomogeneous dose distribution. Two to four days after irradiation through the grid of narrow openings in some sites certain phenomena could be observed, which seem to refer to the severe damage acquiring a diffuse character, but after 7 days the histological grid pattern has been clearly defined and the severely damaged stripes were about 50 percent narrower than the relatively intact ones. On the basis of the results on the actual tumour and among the applied experimental conditions the existence of a specific grid-tumour effect could not be justified by histological methods. PMID- 1135888 TI - Further aspects of the radioprotective mechanism of thiourea. AB - Thiourea in three different concentrations ranging from 10-4-M to 10-2-M was employed in pre- and post-treatments to test whether it decreases the chromosomal fragment frequency induced by 1000 R of X-rays in the growing root tips of Hordeum vulgare. In pre-treatment experiments thiourea in 10-2-M concentration yielded the maximal protection of 28.9 percent against radiation- induced chromosomal fragments. In post-treatment approximately a similar rate of protection is secured. It is discussed that the test-chemical protected the chromosomes against X-rays by two different mechanisms. The recovery process by restitution of the broken chromosomal fragments and the protection against initial radiation damage were the possible protective mechanisms displayed by thiourea in this plant material. PMID- 1135889 TI - Radiation-induced chromosome aberrations in human peripheral lymphocytes. Exposure to X-rays or protons. AB - A quantitative analysis was carried out of structural chromosome aberrations in human perpheral lymphocytes exposed in vitro to 180 kV X-rays or 50 MeV protons. Statistical treatment of experimental findings by least-squares technique showed a regressional relationship between dose administered and yields of various chromosome aberration types. Fitting of the data to four mathematical models indicated, for both radiation types, that two-break aberrations, total number of aberrations and total of breaks are best fitted by the polinomial of second degree Y equals bD + CD-2, while one-break aberrations and number of aberrant cells are best fitted by the model Y equals a + bD. For all chromosome aberration types numerical values of the coefficients in these models are presented. PMID- 1135890 TI - Simultaneous application of pulsed high frequency currents and gamma-rays to cultured melanoma cells. AB - Cells differentiated from a human metastasizing melanoma have been irradiated simultaneously with pulsed high frequency currents (27.12 MHz, 400--600 pulses/s, pulse duration 65mus, average power 25--38 Watt) (Diapulse), and gamma radiation from a Co-60 source. Simultaneous pulsed high frequency field and gamma radiation acted in a way resembling a cell-protecting mechanism, enhancing the number of surviving cells to the extent of about 15 percent as compared with the cell number scored after pure Co-60 gamma-radiation treatment. Irradiation with pure high frequency currents resulted in increasing cell death for a period of up 4 minutes; subsequently, this seemed to be almost independent of time. The number of cells which survived, as compared with the controls, was found to be approximately 80 percent, near a distance of 6.5 cm from the symmetry axis, perpendicular to the plane of the radiating element. PMID- 1135891 TI - Urine excretion of nucleosides in Hodgkin's disease treated by combined chemotherapy. AB - The authors have followed the excretion of pyrimidine doexyribonucleosides in the urine of patients with generalized stages of Hodgkin's disease. They proved an increased excretion of deoxyuridine and thymidine in these patients compared to healthy persons. In the course of 14-days of combined chemotherapy a statistically significant increase in the excretion of DNA catabolites followed was found. PMID- 1135892 TI - Investigation of immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, IgM) levels in the blood serum of uranium miners after higher and lower exposure to ionizing radiation. AB - The levels of IgG, IgA and IgM were measured in the blood serum of uranium miners in a minin-district, where after a geological disturbance exposure to a high level of ionizing radiation took place. The mean exposure to 222-Rn daughters after first year was 7.35 WLM, after the second year 0.13 WLM only. Serum was sampled before miners started their occupation, for the second time after the first year and for the third time after the second year. The levels of IgG and IgM significantly decreased after one year of exposure, while the IgA changed only slightly. After the second year the levels of IgG and IgM significantly rose. IgG exceeded the initial levels: a regenerative hypercompensation took place. On the other hand IgA at the same time decreased. The IgG levels are only slightly correlated with radiation dose rate; for IgA and IgM the correlation is lacking. Individual Ig levels appear to be very variable. The reduction of IgG reached hypogammaglobulinemic levels in some miners after the first year and was followed by a propensity to infections of the respiratory tract. The significance of these observations is discussed from the immunological, radiological and radiohygienical point of view. PMID- 1135893 TI - [Influence of biophysical factors on redox processes and biological oxidation. 20. Tissue temperatures under ultrasonic administration]. AB - The temperature differences obtaining in the subcutaneous tissues directly below the zone exposed to ultrasonic irradiation, the liver an the myocardium of white rats were measured during and after ultrasonic treatment. The only rise in temperature was observed in the tissues located below the field of ultrasonic irradiation after the second minute. The temperature drop in each of the three types of tissue examined is a characteristic feature. This paradoxical effect produced by ultrasonic intensities of 0.2, 0.6, 1.0, and 1.6 watt/cm-2, which has not as yet been described in the literature, may be explained by the control mechanisms keeping the internal body temperature relatively constant and, in particular, by those mechanisms of temperature regulation which are controlled by the biogenic amines. PMID- 1135894 TI - [Sacrococcygeal chordoma in childhood]. AB - A extremely rare case of sacrococcygeal chordoma in the infancy is communicated and it is discussed about the diagnose, therapy and clinic of these tumors with regard to the literature. PMID- 1135895 TI - [Kidney stress in percutaneous abdominal radiotherapy]. AB - Percutaneous abdominal radiotherapy leads to an obligatory simultaneous stress of the kidneys. This partial stress of the kidneys can be reduced to a bearable minimum if the medicophysical irradiation planning methods, already developed nowadays. are used. The improved irradiation technique basing on these methods was examined, by administering abdominal irradiation, in a corresponding collective of patients. Clinical, laboratory-chemical, roentgenologic, and nucleo medical examinations were carried out in different intervals. The significant control results certified the kidney protecting method of our radiotherapy. PMID- 1135896 TI - Nuclear magnetic relaxation in the cell. AB - The authors have measured proton relaxation times of gynecological cancer. T1 and T2 of human tumours are longer than proton relaxation times of corresponding normal tissues. Radiotherapy changes also proton relaxation times T1 and T2 in tissue. PMID- 1135897 TI - [Simultaneous effect of 5-bromodeoxyuridine and cysteamine on x-irradiated diploid cells of Chinese hamster, Cricetulus griseus, in vitro]. AB - Cells of the Chinese hamster line B 14 FAF 28 were treated with BUdR and irradiated with X-rays under the presence of cysteamine. The dose-dependent inactivation rates could be determined rather precisely by marking single cells. Daily cell counts in the growing colonies made it possible to establish individual colony growth curves. The results of both analyses show for untreated and treated cells a nearly equal factor with respect to the protecting effect of cysteamine. Also in the "macrocolonies" this effect is clearly measurable even five days after irradiation indicating a still existing very different vitality of the cells at that time. The results are discussed with concern to following irradiations. PMID- 1135898 TI - [Effect of acute irradiation on the exocrine secretion of pancreas in pig]. AB - Six fistulated pigs have been used in this experiment to study the effect, on the exocrine pancreatic secretion, of a partial acute irradiation, at 600 rd and 800 rd. Whatever the dose, the irradiation provoked an immediate and temporary decrease of the pancreatic secretion. The normal values were reached after the 8th day post-irradiation. Furthermore, a direct effect on the synthesis of amylase and lipase was shown. The synthesis of trypsin and chymotrypsin was not modified by irradiation. PMID- 1135899 TI - Effects of 400 R whole-body x-irradiation on 5-hydroxytryptamine content of the rat gastrointestinal tract. AB - The effects of a single 400 R whole-body dose of X-irradiation on the regional 5HT content of the gastrointestinal (G. I.) tract were studied from four hours to 40 days after irradiation. The total 5HT content of various G.I. tissues was determined and 5HT was also determined per unit of body weight, wet weight of tissue and tissue protein. Irradiation caused an immediate decrease of the amine content of various G.I. regions in adult rats. This was followed by recovery, the degree of which varied in different regions. Some minor morphological changes were seen in enterochromaffin cells one and two days after irradiation but not later. The effects of irradiation on the G.I. tissues were stronger in young rats, in whom no complete recovery of 5HT occurred within 45 days. The present results support the view that irradiation exerts a direct damaging effect on the gastrointestinal 5HT storage, which is associated with liberation of 5HT from amine-containing cells. The duration of the effect varies with age and intestinal segment concerned. PMID- 1135900 TI - Microwaves in radiotherapy of tumors - alternative to heavy particles? AB - An increase of the radiosensitivity can be obtained by means of microwave use in combination with sparsely ionizing radiation. Comparing the therapeutic effect on the model of an euoxic tumor (mice testicles) with a tumor that contains important parts of hypoxic cells (solid tumor of Ehrlich) it appears that the sensitization evidentely is seen in the hypoxic tumor first of all. No sensitization can be obtained on the euoxic profileration tissue on the testicles. The temperature enhancement ratio (equal TER) does not increase linearly with increasing temperature, but is the greatest within the scope of 41 degrees C. The mere heat effect appears in the foreground with high temperatures (43 degrees C and more). The high frequency application lets hope a solution of the oxygen problem in radiotherapy and could substitute the use of heavy particles (high LET) in the combination with sparsely ionizing radiation as far as a concentration of high frequency and heat on the tumor succeeds in. PMID- 1135901 TI - [Retention of 241Am in the rat and the Syrian hamster]. AB - The retention of 241-Am during the first three months after injection as well as its microdistribution on the 2nd day were investigated in the rat and the Syrian hamster. Deposition, retention and microdistribution in the skeleton of both species are virtually identical; the same holds for kidneys, except for a higher initial deposition in the hamster. The microdistribution of 241-Am in kidneys and liver of both species is homogenous with a distinct accumulation in the cortical zone of the kidneys. A pronounced difference was observed with regard to the elimination of 241-Am from the liver: Most of the 241-Am is excreted by the rat liver with a half time of 7 days whereas this value is about 150 days for the Syrian hamster. The consequences of the species differences are discussed. PMID- 1135902 TI - [Metabolism and toxicity of therapeutic chelating agents. 14. Effect of DTPA on hematopoiesis]. AB - By use of 3-H-thymidine it is shown that toxic doses of Ca-DTPA lead to a reversible inhibition of DNA-synthesis in the lymphocytes, erythro- and myelopoietic cells of the rat. The incorporation of 59-Fe into the erythrocytes is markedly imparied. The hematological reaction, i. e. granulocytosis, lympho- and eosinopenia, is ascribed to the general adaptation syndrom. Zn-DTPA proved to be ineffective in all respects. PMID- 1135903 TI - [Method for determining body length from the sternum]. PMID- 1135904 TI - [Content of total protein and protein fractions in the pericardial fluid in certain types of death]. PMID- 1135905 TI - [Possibility of determining the intravital origin of lesions according to the change in protein fraction content in the skeletal muscles]. PMID- 1135906 TI - [Importance for expert evaluation of dehydrogenase activity in the liver depending on the stage of the digestive cycle]. PMID- 1135907 TI - [Analysis of the fatal cases in treatment institutions (based on forensic medical data)]. PMID- 1135908 TI - [Pathomorphology of the myocardium in alcoholic intoxication]. PMID- 1135910 TI - [Present status of the question of establishing the time of death]. PMID- 1135909 TI - [Comparative evaluation of methods of isolating echinopsine from biological material]. PMID- 1135911 TI - [Detection of blood by a spectral-luminescence method]. PMID- 1135912 TI - [Some problems of the biochemistry of the process of dying]. PMID- 1135913 TI - [Content of certain macro- and microelements in the hair of various domestic animals]. PMID- 1135914 TI - [Determination of haptoglobin groups in blood stains. 2]. PMID- 1135915 TI - [Organizing and conducting forensic medical and clinical anatomical conferences]. PMID- 1135917 TI - [Multiple lesions in lightning injury]. PMID- 1135916 TI - [Case of forensic chemical demonstration of droperidol poisoning]. PMID- 1135918 TI - [Fatal electrical injury in the bath]. PMID- 1135919 TI - [Death from spontaneous rupture of the esophagus]. PMID- 1135921 TI - [Drowning in a pool]. PMID- 1135920 TI - [Case of a combination suicide]. PMID- 1135922 TI - [Death from anaphylactic shock caused by a bee sting]. PMID- 1135923 TI - [Changes in synthetic clothing fibers in a traffic injury]. PMID- 1135924 TI - [Use of physicochemical methods in the expertise of death by drowning]. PMID- 1135925 TI - [Types of drowning and the methods of differentiating them]. PMID- 1135926 TI - [Nature of deformation of the chest cavity and fractures of the ribs depending on the characteristics of its shape]. PMID- 1135928 TI - [Spectrographic diagnosis of reactive changes in the lymph nodes in trauma]. PMID- 1135927 TI - [Comparative characteristics of the strength properties of "live" and "dead" bone]. PMID- 1135929 TI - [Morphological changes in the myocardium in closed injury to the heart]. PMID- 1135930 TI - [Forensic medical characteristics of gunshot lesions in the case of the use of cartridge wads (preliminary report)]. PMID- 1135931 TI - [DNA and RNA changes in the myocardium and skeletal muscles of white rats depending on the time of death]. PMID- 1135932 TI - [Histoenzymatic study of the cerebral cortex in determining the time of death]. PMID- 1135933 TI - [Forensic medical assessment of alcoholic intoxication]. PMID- 1135934 TI - [Expertise on alcoholic drunkenness]. PMID- 1135935 TI - [Determination of chlorinated hydrocarbons in biological media by a gas-liquid chromatographic method in the presence of ethanol (preliminary report)]. PMID- 1135936 TI - [Detector trace profilograph with a piezoelectric transducer]. PMID- 1135937 TI - [Lesion of the heart in closed injury to the chest cavity without visible traces]. PMID- 1135938 TI - [2 cases of death from acute renal failure in traumatic toxicosis]. PMID- 1135939 TI - [Optimization of scientific research in departments of forensic medicine]. PMID- 1135940 TI - Cancer immunology. PMID- 1135941 TI - The insurance industry and rehabilitation. PMID- 1135942 TI - Presidential report, July 1, 1972 through December 31, 1973. PMID- 1135943 TI - Disorders of gastrointestinal motor and sphincter function. PMID- 1135944 TI - Privacy: patients' medical records and insurance. I. The right of privacy and the medical information bureau. PMID- 1135945 TI - II. Confidentiality of patient medical information. PMID- 1135946 TI - III. Insurance safeguards and the consumer's right to know. PMID- 1135947 TI - [Some patterns of RNA synthesis in the proliferation induction process in a stationary culture of Chinese hamster cells]. AB - An increase in the incorporation of eH-uridine into RNA and in the cell membrane permeability for 3H-uridine in stationary culture cells after medium replenishment were found to be parallel. Increase in the RNA synthesis occurs practically in all cells stimulated to proliferate and is not accompanied by swelling nucleii, as demonstrated by measuring the projected areas of nucle on fixed cells. The rise in RNA synthesis as a response to proliferative stimulus is pronounced at every cell density but with increasing cell density fall in the magnitude of the response occurs. PMID- 1135948 TI - [Comparison of the thermostability of microsomal membrane esterases and of 'free' esterases in the rat pancreas and liver]. PMID- 1135949 TI - [Study of RNA and protein synthesis in mollusc epithelial tissues adapting to changes in the salinity of the medium]. AB - RNA and protein synthesis in the epithelial tissues of White Sea snails Mytilus edulis was investigated autoradiographically with H-3-uridine and S-35-methionine during adaptation to various salinities (10 0/00, 14 0/00, 18 0/00, 35 0/00); normal salinity being 25 0/00. The incorporation of labelled precursors into the epithelial tissues of M. edulis was shown first to change abruptly, the return to the normal condition occurring after a prolonged adaptation. The reaction of different tissues shows specific features. The role of compensatory processes during the adaptation to changed salinities, is discussed. PMID- 1135950 TI - [Possibility of exogenous ATP incorporation into boar spermatozoids using histones]. PMID- 1135951 TI - [Quantitative description of the process of radiation inactivation of cells. VI. Calculation of the modifications in the dose survival relationship of eukaryotic cells]. AB - The parameters of dose-survival relation in terms of cytogenetic action of radiation are directly connected with real characteristics of experimental survival curves: initial slope, final slope, and threshold. A system for estimation of the elementary modification is suggested. 9 elementary modifications are interpreted in terms of the suggested model which enables to analyse complex kinds of modification. Intermolecular DNA links are considered responsible for non-zero initial slope of survival curve. The final slope of survival curve is determined by double-strand DNA breaks which are due to both the size of target and the efficiency of repair at the hit -- primary lesion stage (on molecular level). Threshold of the sruvival curves is determined by the competition of recovery after primary lesion and the fixation of lethals (assymmetrical chromosome exchanges -- cytogenetic level). PMID- 1135952 TI - [Cytoplasmic RNA content in the brain and spinal cord neurons of red-cheeked susliks during the hibernation period and on arousal]. AB - By means of scanning cytospectrophotometry of gallocyanin chrome alum stained sections, cytoplasmic RNA content per cell in the neurons of the ground squirrel hippocampus, hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus, and spinal cord anterior horns, was shown to decrease as far as the hibernation went on. Before the arousal the RNA amount increased, the increase being the greatest in the hypothalamic neurons. First days after the arousal, the cytoplasmic RNA content in all the neurons was significantly higher than in the same neurons before the hibernation. Changes of RNA content in the neurons and in the homogenates of corresponding brain areas were compared; important role of the hypothalamus in metabolic reconstruction of the nervous system at various stages of hibernation, was outlined. PMID- 1135953 TI - [Use of an ultramicroelectrophoretic method for separating blood serum cellular and isoenzymes]. AB - Methods for staining of ultramicroenzymelectrophoregrams are described. Sharp and well reproducible bands of isozymes of LDH, MDH, G-6-PD, AcP, AlP, alpha-NAE were obtained from homogenates of cultivated human fibroblasts, of rat's liver, kidney and brain, of human embryonic liver, and in blood serum of man and frog. An extract from the rat brain containing only 3.4 ng of proteins or a quantity of 70 80 fibroblasts were sufficient for obtaining a well differentiated spectrum of LDH isozymes. The ultramicromethod significantly lowers the need in deficit reagents, reduces the cost and time of analysis. PMID- 1135954 TI - [Radiographic investigation of the cranium in emergency investigation of head injuries in a casualty department]. PMID- 1135955 TI - [Radiographic examination of the cranium in hospitalized patients with head injuries]. PMID- 1135956 TI - [Recent aspects of the regulation of calcium metabolism. II. The parathyroid hormone]. PMID- 1135957 TI - [Plant fibres and duration of gastro-intestinal passage]. PMID- 1135958 TI - [The clinical significance of yersiniosis. I. Results from 3 years of systematic studies on Yersinia enterocolitica infections in the Copenhagen area]. PMID- 1135959 TI - [The clinical significance of yersiniosis. II. Epidemiological studies on Yersinia enterocolitica infections and results of the studies]. PMID- 1135960 TI - [Methemoglobinemia caused by a nitrite containing automobile shampoo]. PMID- 1135961 TI - [Progressive muscular dystrophy, the facioscapulohumeral type]. PMID- 1135962 TI - [Editorial: Share and rule]. PMID- 1135963 TI - [Prescription errors]. PMID- 1135964 TI - [Simultaneous auscultatory and visual measurement of the blood pressure. A comparative trial by physicians and clinical assistants]. PMID- 1135965 TI - [Evaluation of blood pressure determination with a semiautomatic device (D 101)]. PMID- 1135966 TI - [Evaluation of a new apparatus for indirect measurement of blood pressure (D 101)]. PMID- 1135967 TI - [3 cases of asphyxia caused by laryngopyocele]. PMID- 1135968 TI - [The "locked in" syndrome. Solution of the communication problem of a severely motor-handicapped patient]. PMID- 1135969 TI - [Cholesterol crystal thermography as a diagnostic method in breast tumors]. PMID- 1135970 TI - [Acute dyskinesia in children treated with thiethylperazine (Torecan)]. PMID- 1135971 TI - [Acute dystonia during treatment with metoclopramide (Primperan). Report of 2 cases from general practice]. PMID- 1135972 TI - [Editorial: Blood pressure determination--with stethoscope or electronics]. PMID- 1135973 TI - [Withdrawal of high estrogen containing oral contraceptives and the demand for medical service]. PMID- 1135974 TI - [Significance of changes in the weight and physical condition for the blood pressure levels in a group of men aged 40-59 in Copenhagen]. PMID- 1135975 TI - [Non-invasive automatic measurement of blood pressure]. PMID- 1135976 TI - [Subchronic epileptiform encephalopathy, severe transient epilepsy]. PMID- 1135977 TI - [Diagnostic value of IgE in atopic dermatitis (Besnier's Prurigo)]. PMID- 1135978 TI - [Pilonidal sinus. A follow-up study of out-patients treated by simple incision]. PMID- 1135979 TI - [Pseudomembranous colitis after oral lincomycin therapy]. PMID- 1135980 TI - [Anterior sacral meningocele. A rare congenital anomaly]. PMID- 1135981 TI - [Postoperative acalculous cholecystitis]. PMID- 1135982 TI - [The traumatic vasospastic syndrome. Raynaud's phenomenon in foundry workers]. PMID- 1135983 TI - [School environment's hygiene now and in the future]. PMID- 1135984 TI - [Removal of anesthetic gases by suction. Description of a system]. PMID- 1135985 TI - [Removal of excess gas from anesthetic circuits]. PMID- 1135986 TI - [Congenital facial paresis. A clinical review illustrated with own examinations]. PMID- 1135987 TI - [Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis]. PMID- 1135988 TI - [The drugs employed in intentional poisoning]. PMID- 1135989 TI - [Letter: Helicopters and first aid]. PMID- 1135990 TI - [Letter: X-ray of the skull in hospitalized patients with head injuries]. PMID- 1135991 TI - [Letter: Diagnosis: pregnancy]. PMID- 1135992 TI - [Protection of operation personnel against anesthetic gases]. PMID- 1135993 TI - [The harmful effects of welding smoke were revealed by citizens' research]. PMID- 1135994 TI - [Successful Canadian experiment. Medical training and Family Medicine at McMaster University]. PMID- 1135995 TI - [Induction of labor by means of an automatic oxytocin infusion system]. PMID- 1135996 TI - [A new evaluation of basic law for induced labor]. PMID- 1135997 TI - [Spontaneous rupture of the esophagus]. PMID- 1135998 TI - [Tranexamic acid (Cyclokapron) in hereditary angioneurotic edema]. PMID- 1135999 TI - [Hypokalemia and acidosis in barium poisoning]. PMID- 1136000 TI - [Qunindine poisoning. Symptoms and treatment]. PMID- 1136001 TI - [Letter: Vaccine therapy of asthma]. PMID- 1136002 TI - [Tranexamic acid (Cyclocapron, Kabi). An antifibrinolytic]. PMID- 1136003 TI - [Birth on order]. PMID- 1136004 TI - [Assignments of social physician's consultation]. PMID- 1136005 TI - [Clinical immunology]. PMID- 1136006 TI - [Giant cell arteritis. Temporal arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica]. PMID- 1136007 TI - [Determination of morphine in urine by means of the enzyme multiplied immunoassay technic]. PMID- 1136008 TI - [Urine screening for drugs. A comparison between 2 methods]. PMID- 1136009 TI - [A hereditary zinc deficiency disorder: acrodermatitis enteropathica. A case treated with peroral zinc]. PMID- 1136010 TI - [Gerovital H3, procainchloride]. PMID- 1136011 TI - [Connective tissue disease]. PMID- 1136012 TI - [Press and patients inviolability]. PMID- 1136013 TI - [Use and misuse of laboratory examinations]. PMID- 1136014 TI - [Letter: Extra-intestinal amebiasis]. PMID- 1136015 TI - [Letter: Serum osmolarity in patients with diabetic coma]. PMID- 1136016 TI - [Letter: Treatment of varicose veins with ethoxysclerol]. PMID- 1136017 TI - [Penfluridolum (Semap). An oral depotneuroleptic]. PMID- 1136018 TI - [Editorial: News about psoriasis]. PMID- 1136020 TI - [District psychiatry--what because of it?]. PMID- 1136019 TI - [Foreign workers--a surgical problem?]. PMID- 1136021 TI - [Radioimmunological determination of the hypophyseal gonadotropins LH and FSH in human serum]. PMID- 1136022 TI - [Sudden unexpected deaths in Denmark. An epidemiological study based on all deaths in Denmark during September 1972]. PMID- 1136023 TI - [Double vertical fractures of pelvis treated by osteotaxis by Hoffmann's method. 4 cases]. PMID- 1136024 TI - [Primary treatment of corrosive conditions of the oesophagus]. PMID- 1136025 TI - [The value of the intravenous galactose tolerance test and serum vitamin B 12 level in the differential diagnosis and prognosis of liver diseases]. PMID- 1136026 TI - [Intermittent and continuous phototherapy]. PMID- 1136027 TI - [Simultaneous occurence of a thyroid condition, diabetes mellitus, suprarenal insufficiency and rheumatoid arthritis. A possible auto-immune condition?]. PMID- 1136028 TI - [Letter: Drug information]. PMID- 1136029 TI - [Prescription of tranquillizers in a limited non-institionalized population illustrated by analysis or prescriptions. A preliminary account]. PMID- 1136030 TI - [Prognosis in arteriel hypertension under treatment with antihypertensive drugs]. PMID- 1136031 TI - [The incidence of raised blood pressure with specific causes (secondary hypertension)]. PMID- 1136033 TI - [Gallstones and pernicious anemia]. PMID- 1136032 TI - [Mortality from cancer of the uterine cervix in Denmark 1961-71]. PMID- 1136035 TI - Third European Symposium on Clinical Pharmoacological Evaluation in Drug Control. PMID- 1136034 TI - [Behcet's syndrome. A case treated with azatioprin (Imurel)]. PMID- 1136036 TI - [Letter: More frequent helicopter-ambulance transports are favourable]. PMID- 1136037 TI - [Letter: Sperm bank for sterilized males]. PMID- 1136038 TI - [Letter: A physician's comments on the treatment of enuresis nocturna with a conditioning apparatus (bed-buzzer)]. PMID- 1136039 TI - [Drug information. Tobramycin (Nebcina, Eli Lilly)]. PMID- 1136040 TI - [Cefazolin (Kefzol, Eli Lilly) and Cefazolin (Astra)]. PMID- 1136041 TI - [Management of the hypertensive patient]. PMID- 1136042 TI - [Ethical aspects of human biomedical experiments]. PMID- 1136043 TI - [Letter: Dyspepsia in children of foreign workers]. PMID- 1136044 TI - [Spinocellular carcinoma of the lip. A histological-clinical study]. PMID- 1136045 TI - [BM-test Meconium. A new screening method for cystic fibrosis]. PMID- 1136046 TI - [Menkes' syndrome]. PMID- 1136047 TI - [Letter: Mebumal (Nembutal) injected by a drug addict]. PMID- 1136049 TI - [Drug legislation and drug evaluation. Important aspects discussed in West Germany]. PMID- 1136048 TI - [Editorial: Lip neoplasms]. PMID- 1136050 TI - [Functional reorganisation. Rehabilitation of patients with brain damage by Luria's method]. PMID- 1136051 TI - [Late sequelae of prolonged traumatic unconsciousness. Neurological, psychological and social aspects]ogiske og sociale aspekter. PMID- 1136052 TI - [Metastases to the brain. Prognosis in surgical treatment]. PMID- 1136053 TI - [Vacurette--a new disposable suction apparatus in induced legal abortion]. PMID- 1136054 TI - [Progressive muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle type]. PMID- 1136055 TI - [Editorial: Post-traumatic unconsciousness]. PMID- 1136056 TI - [Clinical immunology in Denmark]. PMID- 1136057 TI - [Medical education]. PMID- 1136059 TI - [Skin temperature and central temperature during halothane anesthesia and anesthesia with neuroleptics]. PMID- 1136058 TI - [Sequential statistical analysis. New applications in clinical problems]. PMID- 1136060 TI - [Treatment of disc prolapse by enzymatic breakdown of the nucleus pulposus]. PMID- 1136061 TI - [Deformity of the face in nasal polyposis]. PMID- 1136062 TI - [Editorial: Clinical research, dataknowledge and statistics]. PMID- 1136063 TI - [Editorial: Know-how and how to know: key words of medical information technology]. PMID- 1136064 TI - [Sorcerer's apprentices of modern medicine]. PMID- 1136065 TI - [Prolonged cardiorespiratory assistance. Pulmonary function before and after perfusion using an artificial lung with membranes]. PMID- 1136066 TI - [Subcutaneous calcium heparinate: a new heparin]. PMID- 1136067 TI - [Congenital lobar emphysema: medical or surgical treatment?]. PMID- 1136068 TI - [Case of triple chromosome mosaicism XXY/XXXY/XXXXY]. PMID- 1136069 TI - ["Partage du midi", or, the dilemma between general medicine and specialization: a letter to my colleagues of 1975]. PMID- 1136070 TI - [Use of removable metal wires in the repair of recurrent dislocation of the shoulder]. PMID- 1136071 TI - [Combined effect of atmospheric pollution, occupational exposure, and tobacco habits in obstructive lung diseases. 3. Effects of occupational exposure]. PMID- 1136072 TI - [Biochemical profile and "normal" values in obstetrics]. PMID- 1136073 TI - [Utero-placental circulation in the pregnant woman studied using In113m. Preliminary results]. PMID- 1136074 TI - [Methods for measuring uterine or placental blood flow]. PMID- 1136075 TI - [In the near future will women be able to choose the sex of their children by following a diet?]. PMID- 1136076 TI - [Preconceptional sex selection]. PMID- 1136077 TI - [Isotopic nephrography in urinary infections and vasculorenal syndromes during pregnancy]. PMID- 1136078 TI - Ultrastructural characteristics of "aging" of human prostate cells in monolayer cell culture. AB - Monolayer tissue culture cells from benign nodular hyperplasia of the prostate transferred at 1-2 weeks intervals were examined under the electron microscope after the 3rd, 9th, and 10th transfers. Changes seen after 9 to 10 transfers were interpreted as an "aging process" and consisted of the presence of lysosomes of various types and variations in the mitochondria profile. These changes were described in detail and illustrated and compared to the ultrastructural appearance of monolayer cell cultures in the early transfer stage. PMID- 1136079 TI - The diagnostic value of enzymuria, cell excretion, and proteinuria in experimental renal diseases. AB - Enzymuria, urinary cell excretion and proteinuria were simultaneously determined in renal diseases of female Wistar rats in order to investigate the diagnostic value of urinary enzymes. Investigations were carried out on rats with E. coli pyelonephritis facilitated by oestradiolundecylate, aminonucleoside nephrosis, aminoglycoside induced renal lesions and pyelonephritic animals treated with therapeutic and toxic doses of tobramycin. --From the results of these studies it was concluded that the main diagnostic value of urinary enzymes is detection of drug induced tubular lesions in individuals with preexisting renal diseases. PMID- 1136080 TI - Studies on urinary isozymes of lactic dehydrogenase and beta-glucuronidase in patients with bladder tumors. AB - Isozymes of urinary lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) were studied in 55 subjects, including 17 patients with bladder tumors. Normal clear urine from healthy persons showed little activity of LDH5, but in 11 out of 17 patients with bladder tumors LDH5 was increased sufficiently to invert the ratio of LDH5/LDH1, although the urine was not contaminated appreciably with leucocytes. Studies on tissue LDH isozymes in 16 tumors specimens strongly suggested that increased LDH5 in the urine of patients with bladder tumors originated from the tumors themselves. beta Glucuronidase (B-G) isozymes were studied in urine specimens from 10 normal subjects, and 10 patients with bladder tumors and in 5 specimens of normal epithelium and 5 of tumor tissue. Two or three distinct bands of beta-G were separated from specimens of urine and tumor tissue from patients with bladder tumors, but only a single band was found in specimens from normal subjects. PMID- 1136081 TI - Congenital neuropathic bladder: practicalities and possibilities of conservational management. AB - Upper urinary tract and renal deterioration in the child with congenital neuropathy is due to high intravesical pressure associated with urinary retention. Preservation of kidney function often can be achieved when bladder emptying is improved by lowering the urethral resistance, when reflux is cured, and when infection is controlled. Since incontinence is most often of the overflow type, complete bladder evacuation can allow the child to remain dry for a socially acceptable period of time between voidings. Success depends greatly on the child's motivation and on his cooperation in a bladder training regimen. Diversion is sometimes unavoidable but should be considered only when conservational methods have failed. PMID- 1136082 TI - Cystinuria: a surgical challenge. AB - A case is reported in which cystinuria was unresponsive to medical treatment. Replacement of both ureters with small intestine gave a satisfactory result. PMID- 1136083 TI - Nortriptyline hydrochloride in urology. AB - Forty female patients suffering for long periods from frequency, urgency, and dysuria without any definite organic cause received nortriptyline chloride for three weeks. In 75 percent there was either considerable improvement or total disappearance of urinary complaints. At the same time the in vitro effects of the drug were tested using the isometric muscle contraction technique. Nortriptyline was found to have anticholinergic properties. The importance of this effect in the clinical study and the possible mode of action of the drug are discussed. PMID- 1136084 TI - Use of Boari flap in lower ureteral injuries. AB - We review our experience with the Boari flap to correct distal ureteral injuries. Satisfactory results were obtained in 15 of 21 patients. We believe this procedure should be considered as an alternative to transureteroureterostomy, autotransplantation, and ileal interposition for short or long distal ureteral defects. PMID- 1136085 TI - Seondary bladder neck obstruction in patients with urethral valves: treatment with phenoxybenzamine. AB - Two cases are reported of functionally significant bladder neck obstruction following urethral valve fulguration which resulted in inability to void. Both patients responded to the administration of phenoxybenzamine, an alpha-adrenergic blocking agent. Treatment of patients with suspected bladder neck obstruction with this agent provides a reversible method of decreasing urethral resistance without the potentially harmful effects of surgical bladder neck revision. PMID- 1136086 TI - Anterior bladder tube for continence in neurogenic bladder. Experimental study. AB - Experimental studies designed to evaluate the anterior bladder tube as a method of maintaining continence in the neurologically deprived bladded achieved a 50 to 60 per cent success rate. This success rate is not sufficient to warrant its clinical use. PMID- 1136087 TI - Effect of muscle length on adrenergic stimulation of canine detrusor. AB - The effect of muscle length on adrenergic stimulation of canine detrusor was studied in an vitro muscle bath. The commonly reported response of muscle relaxation with norepinephrine stimulation was seen in muscle strips at or near the resting length. When the muscle strips were stretched, however, an alpha receptor mediated contraction was noted. Length, rather than norepinephrine dose or tension, was the predominant factor determining whether a given strip would respond in an alpha or beta fashion. Sympathetic stimulation may enhance accommodation (beta effect) during bladder filling at low muscle length and potentiate bladder emptying (alpha effect) at increased muscle length. PMID- 1136088 TI - Buschke-Lowenstein giant condylomas: pitfalls in management. PMID- 1136089 TI - Calcified adrenal cysts. AB - Two case of calcified adrenal cysts are reported. Previously proposed diagnostic criteria for the recognition of a parenchymatous cyst was identified in our first case. Pain has been the main feature in our two cases. PMID- 1136090 TI - Phenacetin-induced renal papillary necrosis: pyonephros, anuria, and bilateral ureteral obstruction. AB - A fifty-five-year-old man was seen with anuria. Retrograde pyelograms demonstrated bilateral ureteral obstruction subsequently shown to have resulted from sloughed renal papillae. A twenty-year history of phenacetin was obtained. Treatment included bilateral ureteral intubation, then ureterotomy on one side. PMID- 1136091 TI - Nonduplication of upper urinary tract associated with horseshoe kidney and bilateral ureteral ectopia. AB - A three-month-old white baby girl was found to have marked hydroureteronephrosis associated with ectopic, nonduplicated ureters and horseshoe kidney. Her clinical and radiographic course are discussed. PMID- 1136092 TI - Total unilateral renal destruction caused by irradiation for Hodgkin's disease. AB - Total unilateral renal destruction has been observed in a patient who previously received irradiation for Hodgkin's disease. The clinical features, after a six year asymptomatic interval, included recurrent calculi and infection in what was subsequently demonstrated radiographically to be a nonfunctioning kidney. The gross and microscopic characteristics of the nephrectomy specimen have been described and correlated with the magnitude of irradiation and the clinical course. PMID- 1136093 TI - Penile horn. AB - A case of penile horn is reported. Its occurrence is uncommon, and treatment consists of excision. PMID- 1136094 TI - Metastatic carcinoma of prostate masquerading as abdominal aortic aneurysm. AB - A case is reported in which the patient had classic findings of an abdominal aortic aneurysm, including a pulsatile abdominal mass, curvilinear aortic calcification, and anterolateral deviation of the left ureter. These findings were subsequently demonstrated at surgery to be due to metastatic nodes from prostatic carcinoma. Data presented indicate that further diagnostic studies may be in order in unusual cases in which patients are suspected of having abdominal aortic aneurysm. This is especially true if the patient is known to have another condition such as carcinoma which may mimic aneurysm with metastatic periaortic lymph nodes. Aortography and/or lymphangiography occasionally have their place in selected patients, and this is discussed. PMID- 1136095 TI - Endoscopy of intestinal urinary conduit. AB - Using flexible gastrointestinal endoscopes, we have examined the urinary intestinal conduits of 15 patients. We have found this to be a reliable, easily performed endoscopic procedure that allows ureteral catheterization when needed. The instrument, technique, and results are described. PMID- 1136096 TI - Effect of estramustine phosphate on plasma testosterone during treatment of carcinoma of prostate. AB - Estramustine phosphate administered orally at 900 mg. daily depressed plasma testosterone levels in 10 consecutive patients who had previously been treated with estrogen hormones and/or orchiectomy and who were all in relapse from carcinoma of the prostate. Approximately one half of the patients responded to the treatment clinically. The decrease in plasma testosterone did not correlate with the clinical response. The clinical effect of estramustine phosphate may be due to decreased plasma testosterone levels, inhibiton of 5-alpha reductase activity, and a local cytotoxic effect. PMID- 1136098 TI - Special needle for use in vasoepididymal anastomosis. PMID- 1136097 TI - Staging of localized prostatic carcinoma by pelvic lymphadenectomy: technique using sequential, unilateral extraperitoneal incisions. AB - A technique for sequential, unilateral, extraperitoneal pelvic lymphadenectomy is described. The procedure is advocated for staging patients with localized prostatic carcinoma in whom all laboratory test results for metastases are negative and in whom definitive radiation therapy or radical prostatectomy is contemplated. This procedure allows complete excision of the regional lymphatic drainage of the prostate with minimal surgical morbidity. PMID- 1136099 TI - Susceptibility of urothelium to neoplastic cellular implantation. AB - This study sought to determine whether or not transitional carcinoma cells can adhere and progressively grow on normal or inflamed bladder urothelium. Inflammation was produced by intravesical N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. Tumor cell implantation occurred in only 13 per cent of mice with normal bladder, whereas in the presence of an altered urothelial surface ther was a 60 per cent incidence of tumors. This study not only has clinical implications but also offers a model to investigate modalities to prevent tumor cell implantation. PMID- 1136100 TI - New fine structural observations in testicular malakoplakia: role of the Sertoli cell. AB - A case of testicular malakoplakia is described in which cells other than histiocytes were involved in the tissue response. The abundant cell junctions, some closely related to mitochondria, and the peripheral displacement of rough endoplasmic reticulum by abundant phagolysosomes, suggest involvement of Sertoli cells, in addition to histiocytes. It is suggested that, perhaps, some forms of granulomatous orchitis and malakoplakia represent a single disease process observed at a different stage in its evolution. PMID- 1136101 TI - Case profile of the month: renal pelvic tumor. PMID- 1136102 TI - Lower pole hydronephrosis stimulating neoplasm in duplicated kidney. PMID- 1136103 TI - Leaking iliac aneurysm presenting as pelvic mass. PMID- 1136105 TI - Letter: Eaca in urinary abnormalities. PMID- 1136106 TI - Editorial: hard on birds, risky for humans. PMID- 1136104 TI - Cystometry: III. Cystometers. AB - Cystometers may employ either fluid (water) or gas (air or carbon dioxide) as the distending medium. The operation of air and carbon dioxide cystometers is described, and a comparison is given of the various systems currently in use. PMID- 1136107 TI - Letter: Prolapsed uterus in the mare. PMID- 1136108 TI - Letter: Illness after racing: acute gastric dilatation? PMID- 1136109 TI - Letter: Blindness associated with metaldehyde poisoning. PMID- 1136110 TI - Letter: Virus diarrhoea in foals and other animals. PMID- 1136111 TI - Production disease control: three dairy herd case studies in NE Scotland. AB - Three cases of dairy herds affected by production disease (infertility, calf scours and low milk yield) were carried out. The value of blood analysis in establishing a diagnosis and a dietary supplement of molasses in correcting the production problems is illustrated. PMID- 1136113 TI - Identification of bovine Mycoplasma strain 3222 as M gallisepticum. PMID- 1136112 TI - A technique for the simultaneous flushing of ova from the bovine oviduct and uterus. PMID- 1136114 TI - Correspondence: Unusual cause of intestinal blockage in the female rabbit. PMID- 1136115 TI - Letter: Assessing immune status in calves. PMID- 1136116 TI - Letter: Winter fodder team needed? PMID- 1136117 TI - Osteochondritis dissecans of the distal humerus in a dog. PMID- 1136118 TI - Nutritional muscular dystrophy (NMD), prolificacy and growth in Welsh sheep. PMID- 1136120 TI - Collecting avian lachrymal fluid. PMID- 1136119 TI - Successful non-surgical transfer of fertilised cow eggs. PMID- 1136121 TI - Letter: Controlling bovine ostertagiasis. PMID- 1136122 TI - Letter: Equine brucellosis. PMID- 1136123 TI - Letter: Defining the equine sarcoid. PMID- 1136124 TI - Editorial: Deer more profitable than sheep? PMID- 1136125 TI - Management of deer for experimental studies with foor-and-mouth disease virus. AB - Red, sika, fallow, roe and muntjac deer adapted to captivity in experimental units designed for working with foot-and-mouth disease. The red, sika and fallow deer readily accepted rolled oats and hay as their staple diet. This diet was replaced for the roe and muntjac deer with flaked maize, calf starter pellets and green browse. Etorphine/acepromazine ans xylazine were found to be suitable sedatives for detailed examination of the tongue and oral cavity of the various species of deer and gave adequate analgesia for the inoculation and collection of virus samples. PMID- 1136126 TI - Porcine reproductive inefficiency. PMID- 1136127 TI - Correspondence: Uterine prolapse in the mare. PMID- 1136128 TI - Letter: Attempt to infect mice with East Coast fever. PMID- 1136129 TI - Letter: Oral progestagens in cats. PMID- 1136130 TI - Editorial: A welcome break with tradition. PMID- 1136133 TI - Letter: Assessing practice goodwill. PMID- 1136132 TI - Virulence for calves of tubercle bacilli isolated from badgers. PMID- 1136131 TI - Atrophic rhinitis of pigs: abattoir studies. AB - The snouts of 2701 pork, bacon and heavy pigs killed at five abattoirs in England and Scotland during March to July 1974 were examined for evidence of atrophic rhinitis. Lesions were graded 1 to 5 according to severity. Suspicious lesions were present in 75-7 per cent of the sample. There was obvious atrophy of the turbinates in 44-7 per cent (grade 2 to 5) and severe atrophy in 17-5 per cent (grades 3 to 5). Foreign bodies were found in or between the posterior cheek teeth of 5-3 per cent of the sample. There was frequently an associated gingivitis. Other lesions seen included black discolouration of the teeth, severe tooth wear and osteoarthrosis of the temporomandibular joint. It was concluded that the incidence of atrophic rhinitis could have increased markedly since the last survey of the United Kingdom was undertaken in 1956/57 and some form of disease-monitoring service was urgently needed. PMID- 1136134 TI - The relationship of ethylene to formation of tobacco mosaic virus lesions in hypersensitive responding tobacco leaves with and without induced resistance. PMID- 1136135 TI - Some properties of RNA from Fiji disease subviral particles. PMID- 1136136 TI - An association of plant cell microtubules and virus particles. PMID- 1136137 TI - A tobamovirus of a green alga. PMID- 1136138 TI - Synthesis and assembly of adenovirus polypeptides. III. Reversible inhibition of hexon assembly in adenovirus type 5 temperature-sensitive mutants. PMID- 1136139 TI - Purification and properties of the replicative forms and replicative intermediates of pea enation mosaic virus. PMID- 1136140 TI - Studies on the structure of filamentous bacteriophage fd. II. All-or-none disassembly in guanidine-HCl and sodium dodecyl sulfate. PMID- 1136141 TI - Studies on the structure of filamentous bacteriophage fd. III. A stable intermediate of the 2-chloroethanol-induced disassembly. PMID- 1136142 TI - Properties of mouse leukemia viruses. IX. Active and passive immunization of mice against Friend leukemia with isolated viral GP71 glycoprotein and its corresponding antiserum. PMID- 1136143 TI - Amino acid analysis of alfalfa mosaic virus coat proteins: an aid for viral strain identification. PMID- 1136144 TI - Stimulation and inhibition of plant virus replication in vivo by 6 benzylaminopurine. PMID- 1136145 TI - Partial characterization of virus-like particles in chloroplasts of plants infected with the U5 strain of TMV. PMID- 1136146 TI - Waveguide modes and refractive index in photoreceptors of invertebrates. PMID- 1136147 TI - Saccadic presentation of a moving target. PMID- 1136148 TI - A new method for stabilizing the position of retinal images. PMID- 1136149 TI - Temporal independence of the Bezold-Brucke hue shift. PMID- 1136150 TI - Spectral perception in Octopus: a behavioral study. PMID- 1136151 TI - Characteristics of moving visual scenes influencing spatial orientation. PMID- 1136152 TI - [Perception Function: influence of visual parameters]. PMID- 1136153 TI - Increment-threshold functions for different rodent species. PMID- 1136154 TI - Plane-polarized light in microspectrophotometry. PMID- 1136156 TI - Light adaptation and the saturation of colours. PMID- 1136155 TI - Spatial summation of foveal increments and decrements. PMID- 1136157 TI - The time course of saccadic eye movements in goldfish. PMID- 1136158 TI - The role of on and off transients in determining the psychophysical spatial frequency response. PMID- 1136159 TI - Stereopsis with large disparities: discrimination and depth magnitude. PMID- 1136160 TI - The spatial Broca-Sulzer and sensitization effects for foveal viewing. PMID- 1136161 TI - The role of positional and orientational disparity cues in human fusional response. PMID- 1136162 TI - The "fluttering heart" and spatio-temporal characteristics of color processing- I. Reversibility and the influence of luminance. PMID- 1136163 TI - The "fluttering heart" and spatio-temporal characteristics of color processing- II. Lateral interactions across the chromatic border. PMID- 1136164 TI - Contact lenses for animals used in vision research. PMID- 1136165 TI - Graded, unitary and eye movement potentials in lateral geniculate nucleus following reticular stimulation. PMID- 1136166 TI - Precise recording of human eye movements. PMID- 1136167 TI - What causes decay of pattern-contingent chromatic aftereffects? PMID- 1136168 TI - Temporal modulation sensitivity of the cat. I. Behavioral measures. PMID- 1136169 TI - The effects of orientation-specific adaptation on the duration of short-term visual storage. PMID- 1136170 TI - Time course of threshold elevation in on-off ganglion cells of Necturus retina: effects of lateral interactions. PMID- 1136171 TI - Spatial organization of binocular disparity sensitivity. PMID- 1136172 TI - Spectral shaping and waveguide modes in retinal cones. PMID- 1136173 TI - On the mechanisms of the interocular light adaptation effect. PMID- 1136174 TI - Monolayer studies of retinyl polyenes. I. Spectroscopic properties. PMID- 1136175 TI - A mathematical approach to explain subjective color perception. PMID- 1136176 TI - Cone systems interaction in single neurons of the lateral geniculate nucleus of the macaque. PMID- 1136177 TI - On the control of saccades in reading. PMID- 1136178 TI - Flicker adaptation shows evidence of many visual channels selectively sensitive to temporal frequency. PMID- 1136179 TI - Letter: How many bars make a grating? PMID- 1136180 TI - [Preleukemia syndrome]. PMID- 1136181 TI - [Monoclonal gammapathies in hospital screening]. PMID- 1136182 TI - [Myeloma with double paraproteninemia in an unusual combination (IgG-lamda and Bence Jones kappa]. PMID- 1136183 TI - [Effect of Cu-chlorophylline in blood preservation]. PMID- 1136184 TI - [Symptoms of lymph node toxoplasmosis]. PMID- 1136185 TI - [Influence of thyroid gland function on various parameters of glucose tolerance in the triamcinolone glucose tolerance test. II. Changes in the values of plasma phosphorus, calcium and proteins]. PMID- 1136187 TI - Basis of statistical methodology in medicine. IX. Testing of hypotheses. PMID- 1136186 TI - [Allergic rhinitis and bronchial reactivity to allergen and propranolol]. PMID- 1136188 TI - [Evaluation of haptoglobulinemia in the internal medicine]. PMID- 1136189 TI - [Echocardiographic measurement of the movement velocity of the left ventricle]. PMID- 1136190 TI - [Arrhythmiasin chronic cor pulmonale]. PMID- 1136191 TI - [Serum sialic acid in acute myocardial infarct during a dynamic follow-up]. PMID- 1136192 TI - [Influence of blood calcium changes on basal gastric secretion]. PMID- 1136193 TI - [Blood groups and stomach acidity in stomach cancer]. PMID- 1136194 TI - [Fructose intolerance in the biochemical and clinical picture]. PMID- 1136195 TI - [Syndrome of pleuritis sicca-- a manifestation of pulmonary embolism]. PMID- 1136196 TI - [Polymyositis treated with prednisone and cyclophosphamide ending in uremia]. PMID- 1136197 TI - [Basis of statistical methodology in medicine. X. Significance tests on probabilities and dispermous]. PMID- 1136198 TI - [Activity of lipoprotein lipase in human adipose tissue]. PMID- 1136199 TI - [Metabolism of the muscle during work]. PMID- 1136200 TI - [Internal contraindications for institutional anti-alcoholic treatment]. PMID- 1136201 TI - [Influence of tuberculosis on the course of leukoses]. PMID- 1136202 TI - [Gustatory using phenylthiocarbamide and endemic goiter in Czechoslovakia 1967 1971. I. Demographic study on the relation of taste distinction of PTC (Phenylthiocarbamide) to the quantity and quality of goiter in 61,490 subjects in Czechoslovakia]. PMID- 1136203 TI - [Simultaneous incidence of malignant and allergic diseases]. PMID- 1136204 TI - [Results of complex rehabilitation care for patients after myocardial infarct]. PMID- 1136205 TI - [Spontaenous variability of blood pressure in the hospitalized subjects]. PMID- 1136206 TI - [Analysis of clearance curves of the nitrogen from the aspect of multiple compartments]. PMID- 1136207 TI - [Nomogram for the computation of work of breathing and its components]. PMID- 1136208 TI - [Deviations in purine metabolism]. PMID- 1136209 TI - [Cardiac glycosides]. PMID- 1136210 TI - [Basis of statistical methodology in medicine. XI. Tests of difference significance between 2 averages]. PMID- 1136211 TI - [Achievements and tasks of Rumanian military medicine]. PMID- 1136212 TI - [Some personnel teams used by the military medical service]. PMID- 1136213 TI - [Improvement of the resuscitation aid for the wounded]. PMID- 1136214 TI - [Method of teaching medical triage on board ships of the Soviet Navy]. PMID- 1136215 TI - [Characteristics of the clinical course and diagnosis of subacute traumatic intracranial hematomas]. PMID- 1136216 TI - [Late sequelae of penetrating craniocerebral gunshot wounds]. PMID- 1136217 TI - [Clinical aspects, diagnosis and treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms]. PMID- 1136218 TI - [Disorder of bronchial patency in burns]. PMID- 1136219 TI - [Diagnosis and extraction of foreign bodies from the eye and from the orbit using x-ray and television methods]. PMID- 1136221 TI - [Threshold values for the perception of rectilinear accelerations]. PMID- 1136220 TI - [ENT organ morbidity among sailors on long cruises]. PMID- 1136222 TI - [Emotional stress in helicopter crew members on different instrumental flights]. PMID- 1136223 TI - [Clinical aspects of general cooling in water]. PMID- 1136224 TI - [Evaluation of the effectiveness of treating chronic cardiovascular diseases under sanatorium conditions]. PMID- 1136225 TI - [Experience with the use of nomograms for evaluating the functional capacity of the circulatory apparatus]. PMID- 1136226 TI - [Graphic method of evaluating the 30-minute standing test]. PMID- 1136228 TI - [Experience in using conservative pneumoencephalography]. PMID- 1136227 TI - [Clinical characteristics and expertise of the sequelae of closed craniocerebral injuries]. PMID- 1136229 TI - [Posttraumatic state of the spine in older pilots]. PMID- 1136230 TI - [Work of a hospital scientific procedures office]. PMID- 1136232 TI - [Pathogenesis of chronic conjunctivitis]. PMID- 1136231 TI - [Treatment and prevention of dermatoses]. PMID- 1136233 TI - [Importance of excretory urography in the diagnosis of the hypertensive syndrome]. PMID- 1136234 TI - [Drug preparations at the "Public Health-74" exhibition]. PMID- 1136235 TI - [Improvement in the primary training of the military physician]. PMID- 1136236 TI - [Organization of the treatment of pneumonias in wounded and burn patients at triage stages]. PMID- 1136238 TI - [Medical support of small troop collectives in mountainous terrain]. PMID- 1136237 TI - [Let us increase the effectiveness of therapeutic and prophylactic work among the troops]. PMID- 1136239 TI - [Work of a student science circle]. PMID- 1136240 TI - [Danger of late restoration of injuried arteries of the extremities in acute ischemia]. PMID- 1136241 TI - [Diagnosis and treatment of fractures of the carpal navicular bone]. PMID- 1136242 TI - [Selection of a rational level and method of amputation of the lower extremity]. PMID- 1136243 TI - [Pathogenesis of the thoracic cavity compression syndrome]. PMID- 1136244 TI - [Cerebral disorders in acute compression of the thoracic cavity]. PMID- 1136246 TI - [Classification of the clinical forms of staphlococcal lesions]. PMID- 1136245 TI - [Evaluation of the effectiveness of the methods of Kato and Miura and of Kalantarian in mass helminthological observations]. PMID- 1136247 TI - [Experimental studies of the action of reflected laser radiation on the organ of vision]. PMID- 1136248 TI - [Functional state of the visual analyzer in naval specialists]. PMID- 1136249 TI - [Rescue measures in accidents with the AN-12 airplane]. PMID- 1136250 TI - [Characteristics of the medical support for naval helicopter crews individually deployed]. PMID- 1136251 TI - [Electrolyte metabolism in submariners in the process of their adaptation to cruise conditions]. PMID- 1136252 TI - [Reliability of the results of a study of the hearing of whispered speech]. PMID- 1136253 TI - [Work of the neuropathologist in a military medical unit]. PMID- 1136254 TI - [Basic measures in the unit for the prevention of tuberculosis]. PMID- 1136256 TI - [Retractor for operations on the knee joint]. PMID- 1136255 TI - [System for registering an EKG in a pressure chamber]. PMID- 1136257 TI - [Nystagometers]. PMID- 1136258 TI - [Importance in the determination of the serum cholinesterase activity for evaluation of the liver function]. PMID- 1136259 TI - [Role of HB-Ag in the detection of chronic hepatitis in soldiers - voluntary blood donors]. PMID- 1136261 TI - [Our experiences in kidney function tests]. PMID- 1136260 TI - [Hiatal hernia - surgical treatment by our method]. PMID- 1136262 TI - [Changes in the urinary enzyme activity in some kidney diseases]. PMID- 1136263 TI - [Cytomorphology of smears in cirrhotic liver punctures]. PMID- 1136264 TI - [Influence of hyperlipoproteinemia on the incidence, course and prognosis of myocardial infarct]. PMID- 1136265 TI - [Role of reconstructive surgery in the treatment of early and late sequelae of injuries]. PMID- 1136266 TI - [Diagnostical and therapeutic approach to the disturbed excretory lacrimal ducts in infants and small children]. PMID- 1136268 TI - [Correlation of clinical, laboratory, histological and cytological findings in chronic liver diseases]. PMID- 1136267 TI - [Hepatitis B-antigen in acute viral hepatitis]. PMID- 1136269 TI - [Role of blood transfusion in the development of viral hepatitis in the hemodialysis center]. PMID- 1136270 TI - [Speech discrimination in peripheral deafness]. PMID- 1136271 TI - [Congenital abnormalities of the neck]. PMID- 1136272 TI - [Use of testosterone in the prevention of anemia in patients on hemodialysis]. PMID- 1136273 TI - [Unusual congenital malformations of the ureter]. PMID- 1136274 TI - [Practical value of aspiration cytodiagnosis in palpable changes of the epididymis and testis]. PMID- 1136275 TI - [Osteochondritis dissecans of the knee]. PMID- 1136276 TI - [Advantages and dangers of percutaneous renal biopsy]. PMID- 1136277 TI - [Pulmonary complications following inhalation anesthesia and their treatment]. PMID- 1136278 TI - [Difficulties and complications in patients treated by chronic dialysis]. PMID- 1136279 TI - [Contribution of laryngomicroscopy in the diagnosis and therapy of laryngeal diseases]. PMID- 1136280 TI - [Microsurgical interventions on the otorhinolaryngological department]. PMID- 1136281 TI - [Analysis of the autopsy material of the Military Hospital in Zagreb in 1948 1974]. PMID- 1136282 TI - [School myopia and evaluation for military service in the Yugoslavian National Army (YNA)]. PMID- 1136283 TI - [Uremic pericarditis in the Military Hospital of Zagreb from the year 1948 to 1973]. PMID- 1136284 TI - [Psoriasis of the nail]. PMID- 1136285 TI - [Isolated bronchial tuberculosis in the differential diagnosis of the obstructive syndrome]. PMID- 1136287 TI - [Subclavian steal syndrome (report of 2 cases)]. PMID- 1136286 TI - [Results of surgical treatment of the femoral fractures by AO methods]. PMID- 1136288 TI - [Sepsis with anuria in a soldier]. PMID- 1136289 TI - [Disturbances in the stato-acoustic apparatus of circulatory origin]. PMID- 1136290 TI - [Surgical treatment of cervical spine fractures]. PMID- 1136291 TI - [Unusual complication of percutaneous kidney biopsy]. PMID- 1136292 TI - [Physical examination as a form of psychotherapy]. PMID- 1136293 TI - [General practitioner and ophthalmology]. PMID- 1136294 TI - [Characteristics of the clinical course of rheumatoid arthritis in adolescents]. PMID- 1136295 TI - [ECG with the remote right thoracic leads in healthy children at different age periods]. PMID- 1136296 TI - [Phase analysis of cardiac activity in healthy children of preschool age according to kinetocardiographic data]. PMID- 1136297 TI - [Duration of phase intervals of the cardiac cycle according to the data of apex cardiography, and the cardiac rhythm]. PMID- 1136298 TI - [Electric activity of the myocardium in children with mitral valve stenosis]. PMID- 1136299 TI - [Evaluation of biological effectiveness of work with the aid of the step-test]. PMID- 1136300 TI - [Prevention of pathology of the fetus and neonate]. PMID- 1136301 TI - [Clinical aspects of obesity in childhood]. PMID- 1136302 TI - [Antibodies to insulin in children with diabetes mellitus]. PMID- 1136303 TI - [Tyrosine and products of its transformation in the blood and urine of children with euthyroid enlargement of the thyroid gland]. PMID- 1136304 TI - [Pregnancy and labor in compensated insufficiency of mitral valve]. PMID- 1136305 TI - [Activity of certain enzymes of energy metabolism in pregnant women with rheumatic heart disease]. PMID- 1136306 TI - [Anesthesiological assistance during labor in late pregnancy toxemia of patients with rheumatic heart defects]. PMID- 1136307 TI - [Role of a local sanatorium in the rehabilitation of children with rheumatism]. PMID- 1136308 TI - [Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in physiological pregnancy and pregnancy complications]. PMID- 1136309 TI - [Cineroentgenological study of uterine function and the scar after cesarean section]. PMID- 1136310 TI - [Potassium and sodium content of blood of parturients during physiological labor and in certain labor complications]. PMID- 1136311 TI - [Permeability of the ovarian follicles in Stein-Leventhal syndrome]. PMID- 1136312 TI - [Rare case of male pseudohermaphroditism]. PMID- 1136313 TI - [Functional activity of thrombocytes in healthy children]. PMID- 1136314 TI - [Morphological characteristics of the white blood system and thrombocytes in newborn infants]. PMID- 1136315 TI - [Certain morphological characteristics of peripheral blood lymphocytes in newborn infants under normal conditions and in exudative diathesis]. PMID- 1136316 TI - [Certain aspects of erythrocyte metabolism in healthy school children]. PMID- 1136317 TI - [Present-day child health care in the RSFSR (towards the International Day of Child Protection]. PMID- 1136318 TI - [Congenital disorders of metabolism]. PMID- 1136319 TI - [Immunoglobulin A deficiency in malabsorption syndrome]. PMID- 1136320 TI - [Certain indicators of hemodynamics in healthy neonates according to seismographic data]. PMID- 1136321 TI - [Evaluation of cardiac output in children according to Starr's formula]. PMID- 1136322 TI - [Rheographic indicators of blood circulation in healthy children aged from 5 to 15 years]. PMID- 1136323 TI - [Hemorrhagic syndromes in newborn infants]. PMID- 1136324 TI - [Significance of certain diseases and anomalies of the kidneys and renal vessels in the etiology of arterial hypertension in children]. PMID- 1136325 TI - [Certain immunological aspects of the study of sterility in marriage (literature survey)]. PMID- 1136326 TI - [Change in the concentration of estrone, estradiol and estriol in prolonged pregnancy]. PMID- 1136327 TI - [Clinical characteristics of atypical late pregnancy toxemia]. PMID- 1136328 TI - [Ventilation-perfusion ratio in the lungs at the end of normal pregnancy and that complicated by late toxemia]. PMID- 1136330 TI - [Case of progressive myositis ossificans in an 18-month-old girl]. PMID- 1136329 TI - [Thromboplastic and fibrinolytic activity of the tissues of pregnant uterus and the elements of fertilized ovum]. PMID- 1136331 TI - An immune hemagglutination procedure with very high sensitivity applied to the detection of hepatitis B antibody and antigen and immune complex. AB - An immune agglutination procedure is described in which red cells are coated with antigen and agglutination is observed after a short incubation with antibody in reagent serum. Conversely, the cells may be coated with antibody and used to test for the presence of antigen. Treatment of the reagent serum with cobra venom factor results in inhibition, and there is a marked lo-s of sensitivity with cells pretreated with formalin or chromic chloride, suggesting that C3 and some type of reactive sites on the cells are required. The distinctive features of the new procedure are that incubation time is very short, sensitivity is several orders of magnitude higher than with other related tests, and, within some limitations, bovine (steer) red cells with bovine serum can be used as an alternative to human red cells with human serum. It is necessary to remove an inhibitor from the reagent serum, human or steer. While the mechanism of the procedure needs further elucidation, the findings reported here suggest that it ought to be sufficiently sensitive to detect hepatitus B antigen if present in virtually any blood sample. With appropriate modifications it should be useful for blood donor screening, diagnosis, and for studying many other antigen antibody systems. PMID- 1136332 TI - S--s--U-- phenotype in South African Negroes. AB - A Negro woman of the Xhosa tribe of Port Elizabeth in the Eastern Cape was found to be S--s--U--with anti-U in her serum. She had two S--s--U-- children, and her husband, father and other children all had single doses of S or s antigen. Three furhter S--s--U-- Negroes were found in a random sample of 1,000 Negro antenatal patients at Port Elizabeth. PMID- 1136333 TI - ADA-7--a new allele. AB - A new ADA phenotype which is particularly susceptible to phenotypic changes following storage was observed. Family studies indicate that this type may be due to a new allele, ADA-7. The phenotype observed was classified as ADA 7-1. PMID- 1136334 TI - Is the determination of AHF activity feasible for individual cryoprecipitates? AB - A method is described in which the factor VIII (AHF) activity of 40 individual cryoprecipitates can be determined within 4 h. The reagents employed do not require plasma congenitally deficient in factor VIII. The preparation of cryoprecipitates with known biological activity should result in a more rational use of this type of factor VIII concentrate. PMID- 1136335 TI - Letter: A new variant of blood group B. PMID- 1136336 TI - [Direct causes of death]. PMID- 1136337 TI - [Controlled ambulatory treatment of tuberculosis in the rural areas]. PMID- 1136338 TI - [Disorders of vascular tonus in facial neuritis]. PMID- 1136339 TI - [Familial facial neuritis]. PMID- 1136340 TI - [Treatment of lupus erythematosus with methotrexate]. PMID- 1136341 TI - [Case of polyneuropathy in echinococcosis]. PMID- 1136342 TI - [Changes of the kininogen-kinin system in patients with eczema]. PMID- 1136344 TI - [Hygienic evaluation of the medium range electromagnetic field under conditions of populated areas]. PMID- 1136343 TI - [Protein sulfhydryl groups of blood serum and their relation to the indicators of lipid metabolism in patients with psoriasis]. PMID- 1136345 TI - [Sulfhydryl compounds of the gastric mucosa in ulcer disease]. PMID- 1136346 TI - [Functional state of the apparatus of external respiration in workers of the Cineb complex]. PMID- 1136347 TI - [Insufficiency of the function of external respiration in electric welders]. PMID- 1136348 TI - [Changes of certain indicators of electrolyte metabolism in viral hepatitis and other liver diseases]. PMID- 1136349 TI - [Sodium potassium and calcium metabolism in non-icteric and atypical forms of viral hepatitis]. PMID- 1136350 TI - [Toxic diphtheria]. PMID- 1136351 TI - [Treatment of influenza on the basis of estimation of natural defensive reactions of the body]. PMID- 1136352 TI - [Certain characteristics of clinical course and treatment of viral encephalomeningomyelo-polyradiculoneuritis]. PMID- 1136353 TI - [Problem of out-of-hospital lethality]. PMID- 1136354 TI - [Structure of cerebrovascular diseases]. PMID- 1136355 TI - [Bile secretion and functional state of the biliary system in patients with ulcer disease]. PMID- 1136356 TI - [Certain indicators of the functional state of the heart in patients with ulcer disease]. PMID- 1136357 TI - [Chage of zinc metabolism in primary cancer of the liver]. PMID- 1136358 TI - [Complexity of determination of the mechanism of hereditary transmission of diabetes mellitus]. PMID- 1136359 TI - [Effect of treatment on certain protein and carbohydrate components of blood serum and saliva in patients with diabetes mellitus complicated by periodontosis]. PMID- 1136360 TI - [Use of decamevit and unithiol in the treatment of patients with cerebral form of hypertensive disease under usual conditions and in the biotron]. PMID- 1136361 TI - [Comparative characteristics of radioisotope and biochemical methods of study of liver function in hypertensive disease and atherosclerosis]. PMID- 1136362 TI - [Arterial hypertension at the remote period after surgical treatment of aortic coarctation]. PMID- 1136363 TI - [Use of aminazine with valerian in hypertensive disease]. PMID- 1136364 TI - [Differentiation of the concepts and definition of the terms "rehabilitation", "readaptation" and "resocialization"]. PMID- 1136365 TI - [Clinical-electrophysiological characteristics of patients with hypertensive disease with a history of brain concussion]. PMID- 1136366 TI - [Certain comparative data on the results of treatment of patients with cerebral stroke in the hospital and at home]. PMID- 1136367 TI - [Vitamin requirements of patients with myocardial infarct]. PMID- 1136368 TI - [Health resort treatment of patients with a history of myocardial infarct]. PMID- 1136369 TI - [Normalization of cardiac rhythm in auricular fibrillation during intensive anticoagulant treatment]. PMID- 1136370 TI - [Cavernous angioma of the left atrium]. PMID- 1136371 TI - [Glycosuria during nevigramon treatment of inflammatory diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract]. PMID- 1136372 TI - [Morphological changes in the kidneys under the effect of toxic doses of lithium chloride]. PMID- 1136373 TI - [Problem of personality and disease in medicine]. PMID- 1136374 TI - [Outcome of acute glomerulonephritis in adults according to catamnestic data]. PMID- 1136375 TI - [External respiration and hemodynamics of the lesser circulation in chronic pneumonia and pneumosclerosis]. PMID- 1136376 TI - [Treatment of silicosis with nerobol]. PMID- 1136377 TI - [Differential diagnosis of "healed" tuberculous caverns and cavernous forms of certain nonspecific lung diseases]. PMID- 1136378 TI - [Change in kidney function, electrolyte metabolism and acid-base equilibrium under the influence of diacarb in middle-aged and elderly persons]. PMID- 1136379 TI - [Diagnostic significance of the sugar level in the pleural fluid]. PMID- 1136380 TI - [Changes in the hemodynamics of the lesser circulation in chronic pneumonia]. PMID- 1136381 TI - [Effectiveness of electrical impulse therapy of fibrillating arrhythmia]. PMID- 1136382 TI - [Immediate and late results of observations of bronchial asthma patients treated with manganous chloride]. PMID- 1136384 TI - [Functional state of the myocardium in adolescents with tuberculosis]. PMID- 1136383 TI - [Changes in the hemodynamics of the lesser circulation under the influence of euphyllin in pulmonary tuberculosis]. PMID- 1136385 TI - [Esthesioblastoma of the nasal cavity in a male pulmonary tuberculosis patient]. PMID- 1136386 TI - [Hematologic "masks" of lung cancer]. PMID- 1136387 TI - [Importance of echoencephalography for the diagnosis of inflammatory diseases of the brain with a pseudotumor course]. PMID- 1136388 TI - [Stimulating effect of vicasol on the tumor process]. PMID- 1136389 TI - [Characteristics of the course of syringomyelitic osteo- and arthropathies]. PMID- 1136390 TI - [Dynamics of the blood acetylcholine content in mental patients in the process of unloading diet therapy]. PMID- 1136391 TI - [Effect of alcoholism on progeny]. PMID- 1136392 TI - [Functional state of the feet in petroleum industry workers]. PMID- 1136393 TI - [Phagocytosis and intracellular metabolism of the blood leukocytes in viral hepatitis]. PMID- 1136394 TI - [Characteristics of the anamnesis and concomitant diseases in viral hepatitis patients]. PMID- 1136395 TI - [Diurnal periodicity of adrenal cortical activity in arteriosclerotic cardiosclerosis]. PMID- 1136396 TI - [Favorable outcome of anthrax with an unusual localization]. PMID- 1136397 TI - [Case of encephalitis in herpes zoster]. PMID- 1136398 TI - [Effect of low doses of cardiac glycosides on electrocardiographic indices following physical load in myocardial infarct patients]. PMID- 1136399 TI - [Quantitative evaluation of the state of the microcirculation in myocardial infarct using the conjunctival index]. PMID- 1136400 TI - [Clinical aspects of amyloidosis with a predominant lesion of the heart]. PMID- 1136401 TI - [Morphological changes in the pancreas in systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic scleroderma]. PMID- 1136402 TI - [Clinical and anatomical parallels in hemorrhagic strokes]. PMID- 1136403 TI - [Early brain stem disorders in sclerotic hypertension]. PMID- 1136404 TI - [Effect of ionizing radiation on the leukocytes of preserved blood]. PMID- 1136406 TI - [Disorder of amino acid metabolism and its correction in chronic disease of the biliary system]. PMID- 1136405 TI - [Change in certain properties of the blood in acute barbiturate poisoning]. PMID- 1136407 TI - [Diagnosis of inflammation of the gallbladder and biliary tracts]. PMID- 1136408 TI - [Use of quateron and a combination of prednisolone with nerobol in treating chronic gastritis with secretory insufficiency]. PMID- 1136409 TI - [Bile-forming function of the liver in streptococcal infection]. PMID- 1136410 TI - [Diagnostic importance of studying salivary enzymes in stomach diseases]. PMID- 1136411 TI - [Use of colibacterin in chronic gastritis]. PMID- 1136412 TI - [Microelements and electrolytes in the small intestine seccetion in chronic diseases of the digestive organs]. PMID- 1136413 TI - [Heartburn in combination with high gastric acidity as an early symptom of peptic ulcer]. PMID- 1136414 TI - [Determination of the permissible physical loads in those training to pass the standards of the "Ready for work and Defense" complex]. PMID- 1136415 TI - [Effect of some methods of treatment on the clinical biochemical indices in peptic ulcer]. PMID- 1136416 TI - [Study of membrane digestion in diabetes mellitus]. PMID- 1136417 TI - [Lability of the basic neural processes and neuropsychiatric disorders in hypogonadism]. PMID- 1136418 TI - [Case of hypoglycemic coma with a fatal outcome in hyperglycemia in a female diabetes mellitus patientA1]. PMID- 1136419 TI - [Case of primary hyperaldosteronism]. PMID- 1136420 TI - [Diagnostic casuistics of pneumoconiosis]. PMID- 1136421 TI - Further thoughts on WHO's mission. PMID- 1136422 TI - Health care for rural communities. PMID- 1136423 TI - Aspects of international health work in 1974. PMID- 1136424 TI - Spontaneous rupture of the liver in pregnancy. PMID- 1136425 TI - Jejuno-gastric intussusception. PMID- 1136426 TI - A neurological retrospect of Jamaica. PMID- 1136427 TI - Feminization in Cushing's syndrome due to bilateral adrenocortical hyperplasia. PMID- 1136428 TI - A review of 100 cases of cardiac arrest and the relation of potassium, glucose, and haemoglobin levels to survival. PMID- 1136429 TI - Serum protein factionation and quantitation by cellulose acetate electrophoresis on normal Jamaicans. PMID- 1136430 TI - Fluphenazine enanthate in a community psychiatric programme. PMID- 1136431 TI - Acute heroin fatalities in San Francisco. Demographic and toxicologic characteristics. AB - The mortality rate due to heroin overdosage in San Francisco has increased dramatically since 1968 and now stands as one of the highest in the United States. While the numbers of heroin fatalities in many eastern United States cities have declined substantially in the past few years, the figures for San Francisco and the other West Coast areas continue to increase. The group of heroin overdose victims from the 1970 through 1973 period is more predominantly Caucasian and younger than from the 1963 through 1965 period. In nearly all of the victims, the presence of morphine (a heroin metabolite) was noted in bile or urine, and in about half the results of blood alcohol tests were positive. Measurement of blood morphine concentrations in the victims showed no significant difference from the concentrations noted in a control group of heroin addicts dying from causes other than overdosage. PMID- 1136432 TI - Medical oncology. Clinical experience over one year. AB - Over a one-year period, 167 patients with cancer were seen in a total of 1,931 clinic visits. Of these patients, 59 percent responded to therapy, with 20 percent achieving a complete response. The median duration of response was eight months (12+ months for complete responders, 7 months for partial responders), with only a two-month average survival for nonresponders. Seventy-seven deaths in clinic patients occurred for a death rate of 46 percent. Hospital tumor registry referrals rose 46 percent. The effect of early referrals, sources of referral, metastatic sites, chemotherapeutic drugs used, morbidity and type of therapy are also reviewed. PMID- 1136434 TI - Occupational causes of asthma. PMID- 1136433 TI - Cystic fibrosis complicated by heart failure. AB - Survival studies were done on 36 children with cystic fibrosis and heart failure. Thirty percent did not survive the first four weeks, and the median survival for the group was between two and three months. By the end of the first year from the onset of failure, 74 percent had died and at 30 months, 87 percent had died. PMID- 1136435 TI - Incidence of certain allergic lung diseases in California. PMID- 1136436 TI - Unreliability of cytotoxic food testing. PMID- 1136437 TI - Hazards of barbiturates in the treatment of asthma, bronchitis, and obstructive pulmonary disease. PMID- 1136438 TI - Misuse of mist therapy in status asthmaticus. PMID- 1136439 TI - Current status of bronchial inhalation challenge in asthmatics. PMID- 1136440 TI - Newer antiasthmatic agents. PMID- 1136441 TI - Asthmatics and activity. PMID- 1136442 TI - Rational use of oral theophylline in the treatment of chronic asthma. PMID- 1136443 TI - Recent advances in diagnosis and treatment of hymenoptera hypersensitivity. PMID- 1136444 TI - Can food allergy cause asthma? PMID- 1136445 TI - Allergy and school children. PMID- 1136446 TI - Editorial: The changing role of the patient. PMID- 1136447 TI - Improving iron nutrition. PMID- 1136448 TI - Severe hypophosphatemia. A previously ignored cause of cellular dysfunction. PMID- 1136449 TI - Federal support for assumptions or for science? PMID- 1136450 TI - Letter: More on community mental health. PMID- 1136451 TI - Letter: Vietnamese refugee children. PMID- 1136452 TI - Letter: That word "gurney". PMID- 1136453 TI - The perennial challenge to modern clinical investigation. PMID- 1136454 TI - [Newborn infant with a birth weight of below 1,001 g]. PMID- 1136455 TI - [Ceruloplasmin activity in women with prolonged pregnancy and the condition of the newborn infant]. PMID- 1136456 TI - [High-risk pregnancies in the archives of cesarean section during a 14-year period]. PMID- 1136457 TI - [Anatomy of the hepato-pancreatic ampulla]. PMID- 1136458 TI - [Copper and its compounds in physiological and pathological conditions]. PMID- 1136459 TI - [Coexistence of rheumatic and bacterial endocarditis (clinical and pathological observations)]. PMID- 1136460 TI - [Echinococcal cyst in the lung]. PMID- 1136461 TI - [Primary chronic hyperbaric disease in a diver]. PMID- 1136462 TI - [Carcinoma of the juxtapyloric part of the duodenum]. PMID- 1136463 TI - [Gastric syphilis of the infiltrative type in a female 78-year-old patient]. PMID- 1136464 TI - [Case of pseudarthrosis of both humeral bones with full motor efficiency of the upper extremities]. PMID- 1136465 TI - [Acute poisoning with 1,2-dichloroethane]. PMID- 1136466 TI - [Contribution to Salmonella derby infections]. PMID- 1136467 TI - [Guiding lines with respect to the activities of the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare in 1975]. PMID- 1136468 TI - [Delivery of health care in physicians' literary works]. PMID- 1136469 TI - [Results of outpatient rehabilitation following myocardial infarct]. PMID- 1136470 TI - [Lack of tightness in interloop anastomosis following partial colectomy performed for carcinoma]. PMID- 1136471 TI - [Right-sided hernias following appendectomy]. PMID- 1136472 TI - [Tongue root varicoses as cause of hemoptysis]. PMID- 1136473 TI - [Gynecologic diseases as a cause of acute peritonitis in our own records]. PMID- 1136474 TI - [Copper metabolism disorders as an attempt at explaining analogous pathological mechanisms in Wilson's syndrome and severe cases of liver cirrhosis]. PMID- 1136475 TI - [Most advantageous forms of long-term prophylaxis of rheumatic fever in larger groups of population]. PMID- 1136476 TI - [Hepatorenal failure in acute ulcerative colitis]. PMID- 1136477 TI - [Therapeutic management in acute renal failure during mechanical jaundice]. PMID- 1136478 TI - [Myelophtisic anemia or leuko-erythroblastosis neoplasmatica]. PMID- 1136479 TI - [Case of sympus dipus]. PMID- 1136480 TI - [Case of gas gangrene complicated by agranulocytosis]. PMID- 1136481 TI - [Accidental poisoning with Benalgin]. PMID- 1136482 TI - [Peculiarities of myocardial infarct in patients over the age of 70]. PMID- 1136483 TI - [Ethanol poisoning as the cause of death]. PMID- 1136484 TI - [Reconstructive surgery in intraoperative injuries of extrahepatic bile ducts]. PMID- 1136485 TI - [Inflammatory and benign colonic tumors treated surgically]. PMID- 1136486 TI - [Observations on the union of oblique and spiral tibial shaft fractures by means of wire loops]. PMID- 1136487 TI - [Preliminary evaluation of ketamine in surgery and gynecology]. PMID- 1136488 TI - [Muramidase activity in thromboangiitis obliterans]. PMID- 1136489 TI - [Multi-organ injuries as a diagnostic and therapeutic problem]. PMID- 1136490 TI - [Post-traumatic intrapulmonary hematoma]. PMID- 1136491 TI - [Torsion of appendix epiploica as a cause of acute abdomen syndrome]. PMID- 1136492 TI - [Extensive skin necrosis of unknown etiology in a 55-year-old woman with metastatic adenocarcinoma]. PMID- 1136493 TI - [Convulsion-inducing action of piperazine]. PMID- 1136494 TI - [Acute caffeine poisoning]. PMID- 1136495 TI - [Advantages of Folstex (Foley's catheter) in the light of our observations]. PMID- 1136496 TI - [Seasonal changes in the dynamics of the larva population of Anopheles labranchiae atroparvus v. Thiel, 1927, in the vicinity of Gdansk]. PMID- 1136497 TI - [Infection by Enterobius vermicularis and results of biochemical diagnostics of ascaridiasis]. PMID- 1136498 TI - [Occurrence of some intestinal parasites in man' life cycle. Hematologic studies in the diagnosis of oxyuriasis]. PMID- 1136499 TI - [Intestinal infections in children of up to 7 years in Rzeszow]. PMID- 1136500 TI - [Liver function tests in persons with Necator americanus infections]. PMID- 1136501 TI - [Ectoparasites in pigs and cattle. II. Lice and mallophagans in cattle and their control]. PMID- 1136502 TI - [Effectiveness of some prophylactic measures in the prevention of coccidiosis in broilers]. PMID- 1136503 TI - [Basic methods of evaluating real economic losses caused by parasites in domestic animals]. PMID- 1136504 TI - [Currently available possibilities of uniform diagnostic methods of comparative determination of the incidence and intensity of parasitic infections in domestic animals]. PMID- 1136505 TI - [Methods of computing costs of prophylaxis and therapy of parasitic diseases in domestic animals: costs and cost analysis]. PMID- 1136506 TI - [The value of cytogenetic investigations in the differential diagnosis of abnormalities in sex differentation (author's transl)]. AB - This report is concerned with the scope of cytogenetic investigations in the diagnosis of sex abnormalities. In the majority of cases the karyotype leads to correct diagnosis only when the clinical picture and the histology of the gonads are known. It is only rarely possible to identify the phenotype from the chromosome picture, as for instance in the case of XO or XXY karotypes. Cytogenetic investigations can be considered advisable in the diagnosis of sex differentiation disorders in the following cases: a) in the case of ambiguous external sex organs; b) in primary amenorrhoea; c) in secondary amenorrhoea, above all in the case of early menopause; d) in male hypogonadism and in certain cases of gynaecomastia. PMID- 1136507 TI - [Diagnostic and therapeutic problems in malignant chorionepithelioma (author's transl)]. AB - 2 cases of malignant chorionepithelioma are reported on account of their interesting symptomatology and the procedure by which a correct diagnosis was made. Chemotherapy must now be considered superior to surgical treatment and the most important chemotherapeutic drug is methotrexate. The therapeutic efficacy of this preparation is offset by severe side effects, which may even have a lethal outcome. PMID- 1136508 TI - [Ultrasound measurements in early pregnancy (author's transl)]. AB - With the aid of the ultrasound scan technique the amniotic sac was measured on more than 700 occasions between the 8th and 20th week of gestation. In each examination the greatest transverse, anterior-posterior and longitudinal diameters were determined. The statistical mean and the double standard deviation were calculated from these data. The areas of the transverse diameter and of the longitudinal diameter show a distinct and continuous increase, whilst the area of the anterior-posterior diameter displays a small and uncharacteristic increase during pregnancy. The values of 12 patients were registered in the region of the transverse and of the longitudinal diameter. The clinical findings, as well as the ultrasonic values, had shown no abnormalities at that time. The data show a decrease in these diameters during the following examinations; the last measurement was carried out when the fetal heart beat was absent for the first time. The increase in size of the amniotic sac during pregnancy can be observed by means of these examinations. Repeated examinations enable the detection of disturbances in the developement of the pregnancy at an early stage. PMID- 1136509 TI - [Ultrasonic diagnosis of intrauterine devices (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136510 TI - [Malformations and abnormality of the sex ration after hormone treatment in mice (author's transl)]. AB - Ovulation was induced in 90 randomly-bred virgin mice (Swiss albino) by the i.p. injection of 5 I.U. pregant mare's serum and human chorionic gonadotropin, respectively, with an interval of 48 hours between injections. Pregnancy occurred in 32 animals following normal fertilization. Caesarian section was generally performed on account of blocked delivery and the progeny placed with foster mothers. A statistically-significant shift in the sex ration (to the disadvantage of the males) was observed. The incidence of malformations of the extremities was significantly higher than in a control group. In comparison with control embryos which were also born by Caesarian section, the chance of survival of the progeny of hormone-injected females appeared distinctly reduced. A possible correlation between hormone-induced ovulation and abnormalities in the progeny is discussed in this paper. PMID- 1136511 TI - [Haemolysis after heart valve replacement (author's transl)]. AB - Intravascular haemolysis is frequently seen in patients after heart valve replacement, but is often compensated. The cause of the haemolysis is traumatic damage of the red cells. It is more often seen after aortic, than after mitral replacement, because the transvalvular pressure gradient is higher and is more severe in ball valves than in disc valves. If substitution therapy with iron, folic acid, or even red cells fails, re-operation should be seriously considered. PMID- 1136512 TI - [Indirect calorimetry by means of displacement spirometry of the respiratory minute volume (author's transl)]. AB - One factor limiting the accuracy of indirect calorimetry is the measurement of the respiratory minute volume. The precision of available gasometers can scarcely ever be reduced beyond plus or minus 1% of the volume which is to be measured. A new method is presented which enables the metabolic rate to be determined with far greater accuracy by increasing the precision of respiratory volume measurements. Expired air is collected in a metal cylinder and its volume is determined by forcing it under water and measuring the weight necessary to accomplish this. This force is equivalent to the buoyancy force of the measured volume. The lower limit of accuracy in measurement of compensatory weights is 1 g, which is equivalent to an accuracy of 1 ml gas volume, independent of the size of the spirometer. Losses caused by mechanical friction reduce the factual accuracy to plus or minus 0.1%. After volume determination, the O2 and CO2 content of the collected air is determined in analysers connected to the displacement spirometer. PMID- 1136513 TI - [Specific weight loss in hyper- and hypothyroidism (author's transl)]. AB - By means of a new method of extremely precise weight measurement (buoyancy scale) it is possible to measure the continuous weight loss of the human body. This weight loss is made up of three components, viz. the weight difference between produced CO2 and consumed O2, water loss through the lungs and transpiration through the skin. In relation to body weight it is called "specific weight loss." This parameter was measured in healthy human subjects and found to be within a relatively narrow range (16.42 plus or minus 2.55 mg/min/kp body weight). In four patients with hypothyroidism the values were very low (5.5 to 8.5 mg/min/kp). An increased specific weight loss was found in patients with hyperthyroidism (38 to 102 mg/min/kp in clinically severe cases). The applicability of this method to examination of thyroid function is discussed. It is compared to the classical method of basal metabolic rate measurement and its advantages are enumerated. PMID- 1136514 TI - [In vitro investigations on the influence of various antirheumatic drugs on the enzymes of the purine salvage pathway (author's transl)]. AB - On testing the effect of 5 drugs (azapropazone, flufenamic acid, indomethacin, oxyphenbutazone and prednisolone) commonly used in the therapy of rheumatic diseases on 3 enzymes of the purine salvage pathway (adenine phosphoribosyltransferase, guanine-phosphoribosyltransferase and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase) a distinct inhibitory effect of oxyphenbutazone and flufenamic acid was noted. A particularly marked effect was observed on adenine phosphoribosyltransferase at the applied concentration (50 mug%) by both drugs but also guanine-phosphoribosyltransferase and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase indicated reduced activities. PMID- 1136515 TI - [Dermatologlyphic investigations in a kindred manifesting familial atrial septal defect (ostium secundum). A contribution to the problem of genetic counselling in multifactorial inheritance (author's transl)]. AB - In order to improve the possibilities of genetic counselling in multifactorial inheritance, dermatoglyphic investigations were performed in a family with atrial septal defect (ostium secundum) - ASD II - affecting two out of six children of a married couple and a maternal aunt. The frequency of finger-print patterns differed widely between the husband and his father on the one hand and the wife and her relatives on the other hand. Assuming some partial effect of the ASD II genes on the total gene influence on dermatoglyphics, it seemed possible that the finger-prints of the two affected siblings and of those brothers who were fairly near the threshold of ASD manifestation might resemble more closely the finger prints of their mother and their mother's relatives than the finger-prints of their father and their paternal grandfather. This assumption was, however, disproven. PMID- 1136516 TI - [The conservative treatment of phosphate calculi by citrate buffer (author's transl)]. AB - 3 patients with U-tube pyelonephrostomy were treated conservatively for multiple struvite (triple phosphate) stones in the kidney by means of constant irrigation with citrate buffer (pH 4.8). Complete dissolution of the stones was achieved in 2 patients. Conservative therapy was unsuccessful in the third case in view of narrowing of the renal calyces. Combined therapy by means of direct irrigation and oral chemotherapy is recommended. PMID- 1136517 TI - [The post partum administration of quingestanolacetate 0.3 mg as oral contraceptive (author's transl)]. AB - Quingestanolacetate (0.3 mg daily), as from the second week post partum was given to 13 women for a total of 111 therapeutic cycles of 28 days. In addition to clinical follow up, 8 women were subjected to serial pregnanediol determinations in the night urine every other day for a total of 45 cycles. One woman became pregnant in the 5th therapeutic cycle, demonstrating an insufficient contraceptive effect of this minipill. The only major side effect was the occurrence of irregular episodes of bleeding during the first 3 therapeutic cycles. With increasing duration of the administration of this drug, the vaginal bleeding settled down to approximately 7 days per 28 days. When pregnanediol serial determinations were started in the 4th to 6th therapeutic cycle post partum, 6 out of 8 women showed ovulatory cycles. In the two remaining patients ovulatory cycles were observed in the 7th and 10th therapeutic cycle, respectively. Of 45 cycles in which control pregnanediol serial determinations had been undertaken, 11 (25%) were anovulatory, 21 (46%) showed a normal ovulatory excretion pattern and 13 (29%) showed severe luteal insufficiency. An insufficiency of luteal function appears to be partially responsible for the contraceptive effect of this minipill. PMID- 1136518 TI - [Therapy of the bronchitic syndrome (author's transl)]. AB - The bronchitic syndrome necessitates chemotherapeutic management, especially in view of the secondary complications arising in this condition. Chemotherapy must be consistently adhered to, not only during acute exacerbations, but also during the relatively symptom-free intervals between exacerbations and also in those cases displaying minimal symptomatology. A useful criterion of the necessity for chemotherapy is the presence of a purulent sputum and with the appearance of this feature, specific chemotherapy should be initiated without delay (W. T. Ulmer). Appropriate investigations in 41 patients showed that Lidaprim, a combined preparation of trimethoprim and sulfametrol, can be recommended on the basis of its beneficial chemotherapeutic effect, good tolerability and simplicity of administration. Purulence of the sputum disappeared within 10 days of commencement of treatment with 2 times 2 tablets Lidaprim daliy in 38 out of the 41 patients. The clinical symptoms, including respiratory difficulties, improved simultaneously with the decrease in quantity of expectorated sputum. Lidaprim represents a useful and effective chemotherapeutic agent in the hands of both the hospital specialist and the general practitioner for treatment of the bronchitic syndrome in all its diverse forms. PMID- 1136519 TI - [Psychodiagnostic differentiation of the gamma and delta types of chronic alcoholics by means of psychological test and after experimental alcohol administration]. PMID- 1136520 TI - Editorial: The malpractice crisis. PMID- 1136522 TI - Whereof exculpatory agreements, disclaimers and arbitration. PMID- 1136521 TI - Enforceability of professional liability judgments against physicians. PMID- 1136523 TI - Physician and hospital records retention and inspection. PMID- 1136524 TI - Medicolegal first aid. PMID- 1136525 TI - New organizational structure. State Medical Society of Wisconsin. PMID- 1136526 TI - Charter law of Medical Societies in Wisconsin. PMID- 1136527 TI - Constitution and bylaws of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin. PMID- 1136528 TI - [Letter: health due to right nutrition]. PMID- 1136529 TI - [Letter: Lymphedema of the lower breast area]. PMID- 1136530 TI - [3 months as a psychiatrist in the Soviet Union]. PMID- 1136531 TI - [Quick remedy for patients in life-threatening conditions by "Aid"]. PMID- 1136532 TI - [Letter: Influenza vaccination]. PMID- 1136533 TI - [Alopecia scleratrophicans carcinomatosa in metastasizing carcinoma of the breast]. PMID- 1136534 TI - [Use of the compression-stocking in the so-called varicose symptom complex]. PMID- 1136535 TI - [Fluorescence diagnosis of a lengthened Y-chromosome in father and son]. AB - Two cases with long Y chromosome in a father and his son have been described. The chromosomes were analysed routinely using the peripheral blood leukocyte culture according to Moorhead et al. (1960) and of the slightly modified fluorescence method of Caspersson (1970, 1971) after QM-staing. In both patients the size of the Y resembled that of the pair 17--18 of autosomes. A brightly fluorescent heterochromatic region of the Y showed normal patterns and size. In one of the patients the analysis of solar and palmar dermatoglyphics, the testicular biopsy, EEG, glucose loading test, as well as laboratory tests evaluating the hormonal function of adrenal cortex and of thyroid gland were performed. The second patient did not agree to any tests. PMID- 1136536 TI - [Non-delirious toxic psychoses in children (author's transl)]. AB - There is an increasing occurrence of drug-intoxications in infancy, thus psychopathological changes due to intoxication also occur more frequently in children. 6 children were described with cases of acute and reversible toxic psychoses whose--mainly visual--hallucinations together with conditions of excitation and hyperactivity were the most striking features of the psychopathological picture; in contrast to the more frequent delirious confusion (delirium) disturbances of consciousness and orientation were missing. The phenomenological characteristics of halucinosis in children-a condition so far not specified in the case of infants and children-have been elaborated with regard to other psychotic phenomena during infancy and adult age. Relevant neurophysiological and psychodevelopmental findings lead to the following four theorems: 1. Drugs with hallucinotic effects facilitate the occurrence of "internal" pictures independent of external perceptions which are described phenomenologically as hallucinations. This theory is based on the fact that hallucinogenic drugs intensify the electrical potentials which are evoked by optic stimulation in the visual area, while an intracortical impulse propagation is inhibited. 2. A change in emotion either caused by situation or by exogenous or endogenous factors facilitates the development of hallucinations, especially if emotions dominate to such a degree that rational control of reality is being suppressed. Since hallucinogenic drugs exert their effects not only on the sensory system but also on brain structures which influence directly or indirectly emotional functions, hallucinations might also be evoked via this mechanism. 3. Brain stem has-apart from its importance in emotional processes-a filter effect and a controlling function of sensoric stimuli originating in the periphery. Hallucinogenic drugs can influence this screening function and have a disinhibitory effect which cause an inundation of the brain cortex by sensoric stimuli which again facilitate hallucinations. 4. The neurophysiological actions discussed above which are caused by intoxications have a synergistic effect together with the psycho-developmental facts relevant to infancy. This synergism can explain the frequent occurrence of fever hallucinoses as well as the fact that agents primarily not hallucinogenic as e.g. benzydamine can also cause hallucinations in infancy. PMID- 1136537 TI - Studies of malformation syndromes in man XXXVI: the Pfeiffer syndrome, association with Kleeblattschadel and multiple visceral anomalies. Case report and review. AB - This paper reports sporadic occurrence of the Pfeiffer syndrome with Kleeblattschadel (KS) in a male infant who died at 6 months of pneumonia with signs of increased intracranial pressure and who was found to have hydrocephalus, polymicrogyria, cerebellar herniation, bicuspid aortic valve, a common mesentery, absence of lesser omentum, hypoplasia of gallbladder, a single umbilical artery, and multiple eye defects. This case is presumed to represent a new mutation: in other families the Pfeiffer syndrome has been dominantly inherited. The Pfeiffer syndrome is a form of acrocephalosyndactyly and impresses clinically as a mild form of the Apert syndrome. The Kleeblattschadel is an etiologically non-specific developmental field defect (DFC); about two fifths of 51 known cases have apparent thanatophoric dwarfism and about one fifth are probable or possible examples of the Pfeiffer syndrome. The KS-DFC has also been seen in the syndromes of Carpenter, Apert and Crouzon. PMID- 1136538 TI - Morphological and morphometric studies of the skeletal muscles of rachitic rats. AB - The question of "myopathia rachitica" was pursued in a disease progress study using rachitic rats. The length of the study was 18 weeks. During this time a discrete dystrophic myopathy formed. The morphometric examination showed muscle fibre diameters 8--24 mu less than those of healthy control rats in correlation with the degree of rachitis. The absence of fiber growth in the C fibres was conspicuous. The question of the relation of these findings to the inactivity, osteomalacia and changes in metabolism in rachitis was discussed. The myopathic changes can not be solely interpreted as a result of inactivity, but the cause of myopathia rachitica remains unclear. PMID- 1136539 TI - [Intestinal amino acid absorption in vitamin D dependent rickets]. AB - Since structure and specifity of amino acid transport systems are basically similar in kidney and intestines it was suspected that rickets associated with hyperaminoaciduria was linked with defective intestinal amino acid uptake. Therefore amino acid absorption from everted sacs of small intestines was studied in 2 piglets suffering from vitamin D dependent rickets, and 7 healthy piglets using 14-C labelled amino acids. The experiments revealed an unaffected intestinal absorption in the rachitic animals, whereas the uptake decreased significantly with increasing age of the experimental animals. The results from these studies suggest that regulatory factors in the blood system, e.g. increased level of PTH or lack of specific vitamin D metabolites, do not directly affect amino acid transport systems in kidney and intestines. It is concluded that hyperaminoaciduria has to be mediated through specific and thus far unidentified effects at the tubular cell level. PMID- 1136540 TI - Isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatase in the serum of patients with cystic fibrosis. AB - In 36 children with cystic fibrosis (CF) the isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatase (AP) were determined microelectrophoretically in polyacrylamide- and starch-gel. The study was done to evaluate the clinical significance of these additional data for the diagnosis of liver involvement in DF. The results led to the following conclusions: 1. Serum activity of total AP is comparatively unsensitive "masking" alterations in the isoenzyme pattern contributing to the AP serum activity. 2. In 17 children resp. 47% bile-duct phosphatase was increased indicating a secretostasis while other marker enzymes of cholestasis were normal in part. 3. The activity of bone phosphatase in the serum showed a significant correlation to the degree of growth retardation in these patients. 4. Intestinal phosphatase was present in the serum of only one child with cirrhosis of the liver being an indicator for liver insufficiency. 5. Determination of AP isoenzymes in the serum may provide additional information about the organs involved for the physician in handling CF patients. PMID- 1136541 TI - [Serum concentrations of vitamin A, carotene, retinol-binding protein and prealbumin in patients with cystic fibrosis (author's transl)]. AB - Vitamin A, carotene, retinol-binding protein (RBP), and prealbumin (PA) have been measured in 42 children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis (CF) and in 92 normal controls. All patients with CF were on vitamin A palmitate in twice the dose for normals. For statistical analysis U- test of Wilcoxon, Mann and Whitney, parametric correlation coefficient and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient were used. Compared with those in normal controls mean serum concentrations of vitamin A, carotene and RBP were depressed in patients with CF (P smaller than 0.001), whereas PA levels did not differ significantly from those of normal individuals. In normal controls there was only in serum concentration of PA an elevation with age (r=0.455, P smaller than 0.001). In patients with CF, serum concentration of vitamin A decreased in correlation with age (r=--0.423, P smaller than 0.01). PA and RBP as well as RBP and vitamin A were positively related in both groups (P smaller than 0.001). In normal individuals there was a highly significant correlation between serum concentrations of vitamin A and carotene (rs=0.606, P smaller than 0.001), whereas in patients with CF this relationship was less significant (rs=0.311, P smaller than 0.02). PMID- 1136542 TI - [Anthropological studies on the skeleton of Esbeck from late bronze to early iron age with basic methodological considerations on the body height and index problem on mathematical-stastical base]. PMID- 1136543 TI - A note on the anthropological characteristics of the Padina population. PMID- 1136544 TI - Some data on the systematic position of the Eastern gorilla population of the Mr. Kahuzi region (Republique du Zaire). PMID- 1136545 TI - Estimation of leg muscle volume from radiographs: a simplification. PMID- 1136546 TI - The dermatoglyphics of the Maprik sub-district of the Sepic district of New Guinea. PMID- 1136547 TI - [Polymorphism of the erythrocyte-acid phosphatases; studies on formal genetics and population genetics in Thailand]. PMID- 1136548 TI - [Origin and treatment of the socalled "cast syndrome" following operations for scoliosis (author's transl)]. AB - Discussion of the causes and treatment of the syndrome called in the literature misleadingly "cast syndrome". Observation of 9 cases who had surgery for scoliosis suggests that the syndrome is largely due to disturbances of function of the innervation of stomach and duodenum. PMID- 1136549 TI - [Results of surgical correction of flexion contractures of the knee joint in CP children (author's transl)]. AB - Follow-up of 78 CP children with elongation of the tendons of knee flexors. In addition further operations were done in a large number of cases, frequently shortening of the patellar ligament, lengthening of hip flexors and correction of pes equinus. The further motor development shows worsening in 8, no improvement in 28 and improvement in 42 children. Analysis according to age showed better results in children under 9 years: Of the 48 younger children 33 showed progress, 13 free walking. Of the 30 older children only 9 showed progress and only 2 learned to walk freely. This difference was significant. Investigation of the causes for not walking showed the importance of motor preconditioning. Only children who had knee-standing before operation learned free walking. Major lack of motor development was most frequently preventing walking. Further causes were mental retardation, athetosis, pes calcaneus and general flexion patterns. While results in gaining extension at the knee were quite good, outward rotation at the hip averaged an improvement of 9.7 degrees. A favorable influence of combined elongation of knee flexors and adductor tenotomy at the hip in the CE angle was also clear. It diminished on average by 6.9 degrees. Special pre-operative conditions and the technique of examination are discussed in detail. PMID- 1136550 TI - [Distraction epiphyseolysis. An experimental study for bone lengthening. Part I (author's transl)]. AB - Distraction epiphyseolysis is an operation for bone lengthening in children and adolescent which is often performed in Russia. Our experimental examination in rabbits has shown a lot of problems with this method. With distraction epiphyseolysis it is possible to get a primary lengthening of bone and a soon consolidation of the distraction-cleft. During further growth this primary lengthening is going lost. After the end of growth there was no significant difference between operated and non operated bone. The cause of the growth disturbance is discussed in a further publication guided by histological findings. PMID- 1136551 TI - [Distraction epiphyseolysis. An experimental study for bone lengthening. Part II (author's transl)]. AB - Histological findings of rabbit's tibia after distraction epiphyseolysis within the first days and weeks shown severe disturbances of growth. There is a transformation zone between epiphyseal bone plate and resting cells with early ossification. Furthermore there was a lasting interruption of the perichondral ring, especially with growth disturbance in longitudinal direction of the epiphyseal plate. Comparison to the traumatic epiphyseolysis in children and adolescents are discussed, also the reaction of lasting tension power on epiphyseal plates. PMID- 1136552 TI - [Biomechanical investigations on the parry fracture of the ulna (author's transl)]. AB - 108 ulnae from the cadavers of 50 men and 6 women were fractured in four positions with a tension testing machine with electronic measurement of force. Stress-strain-diagrams were registered, and the values of breaking load, breaking energy, breaking stress and ultimate deflection were correlated to the areas of cross sections of compacta and medulla. Breaking load and breaking energy decrease distally: medium breaking load in the upper portion of the ulna about 320 kp, in the lower portion about 100 kp; breaking energy in the upper portion about 65 kpcm, in the lower about 20 kpcm. Breaking stress is greatest in the middle portion of the ulna (19 kp/mm-2 in contrast to 11-14 kp/mm-2 near the joints). With increasing age the cross sections of the medulla increase significantly, but breaking load, breaking energy, breaking stress and area of cross section of the compacta decrease significantly. Ulnae from females are less resistant than those from males. Intact periosteum rises resistance to breaking and ultimate deflection. Experimental data agree with clinical observations. PMID- 1136553 TI - [Overlooked and unappreciated anatomical facts with regard to the development of pes planus]. AB - Based on careful anatomical praeparations and analyse of fibres the incorrect and incomplet descriptions and illustrations of the calcaneonavicular ligaments are corrected and the deductions for the normal and the pes planus producing processes are concluded. The significance of the "Fibrocartilago navicularis" (BNA) and the manysided efficiency of a vigorous but as yet unnoticed ligaments is discussed. PMID- 1136555 TI - [Fractures of the leg and modern skiing equipment (author's transl)]. AB - Raising the top of the ski-boot does not prevent the feared fractures of the ankle, only changing the angle does. The modern ski-boot with advance and a hight of shaft of about 28 cm produces torsion-wedge fractures in the middle third of the tibia, if the binding does not give away. PMID- 1136554 TI - [Torque load and types of fractures of threaded holes in cortical bone by lag screw. Mechanic and histological studies (author's transl)]. AB - For the better understanding of fracture fixation by means of screws the torque load and types of fractures from threaded screw holes in cortical bone were studied. The experiments were performed on sheep tibia and femora in vitro and in vivo. We applied the 4.5 mm cortical bone screw (AISF) as lag screw. The screw was threaded in until total destruction of the thread occurred. The process of torque load was registered as a torque-angle of twist curve with 4 typical parts. Histologically in most cases shear fractures with different geometry occurred. In some cases we found conical geometric, and in others cylindrical geometric fragments in the threaded screw holes. The value of the torque at which destruction of a threaded hole occurs is a linear function of the thickness of the cortical bone. The gradient of this linear function is 6.6 kpcm/mm. In practical case, the insertional torque may be estimated by multiplying the cortical bone thickness in mm (if known) by a factor 4. PMID- 1136556 TI - [Subcutaneous rupture of the tibialis anterior-tendon. (Report of 3 cases) (author's transl)]. AB - In 1966 we saw 1, in 1973 2 cases of spontaneous rupture of the tibialis anterior tendon. 2 patients were treated by operation, 1 declined it. A follow-up the operated patients had no symptoms and normal function. The non-operated patient also had no symptoms, but slight limitation of dorsiflexion and uncertain gait. One female and one male had been treated with local injections of cortisone before rupture. One can neither prove nor disprove a connection. PMID- 1136557 TI - [Allergic cobalt reaction (metallosis) following knee arthroplasty with vitallium endoprosthesis ad modum Walldius (author's transl)]. AB - A case report is given on a woman with rheumatoid arthritis and deformed knee joints. She got a knee arthroplasty with a metal-to-metal Vitallium endoprosthesis ad modum Walldius. About one year after the arthroplasty she showed both a sterile fistulation from the knee joint and an eczema of the skin of the operated knee. An epicutaneous test for cobalt was positive. It is suggested that the metal-to-metal contact in the prosthesis and the proximity of the prosthesis to the skin is a possible explanation to the allergic reaction. PMID- 1136558 TI - [The influence of kyphosis on lung function in young scoliotic patients (author's transl)]. AB - By assessment of partial correlation in the field of lung function in kypho scoliosis, the direct influence of kyphosis on the upward-shift of the mid respiratory level (FRC% TLC) can be documented. It is shown that several other lung function parameters are dependent more or less on a change of volume balance in the deformed chest and, thus, indirectly on the degree of kyphosis. The degree of scoliosis which was the presenting symptom in our series, shows, of course, a highly significant direct correlation to vital capacity, which in itself is the source of changes in several other lung function parameters. The role of kyphosis in the development of lung function during therapy is being discussed. PMID- 1136559 TI - [A case of Maffucci-Kast syndrome (author's transl)]. AB - A 40-year-old man showed the typical cardinal signs of Maffucci-Kast syndrome: largely one-sided bony chondromatosis and tuberous dermal angiomata. In addition there were pigmented spots in the skin, moderate hypertrophy of the extremities most involved (left hand and foot) and hypoplasia of the skeleton in these parts. PMID- 1136560 TI - Application of microcirculatory findings to the analysis of clinical disease. PMID- 1136561 TI - [Influence of nicotine and diabetes on the arterial vascular system]. PMID- 1136562 TI - Smoking and peripheral circulation in 59-year-old men studied with plethysmography and segmental measurements of systolic blood pressure. PMID- 1136563 TI - [Cooretation of the abdominal aorta]. PMID- 1136564 TI - Selective coronary arteriography. PMID- 1136565 TI - Reactive hyperaemia of the human lower limb. Measurement of postischaemic blood flow velocity in controls and in patients with lower limb atherosclerosis. PMID- 1136566 TI - Granulomatous hepatitis: Angiographic observations. PMID- 1136567 TI - [Glycoproteins and mucoproteins in the blood serum in arteriosclerotic occlusive diseases]. PMID- 1136568 TI - [Utiligation of muscular tissue clearance of 133 xenon]. PMID- 1136569 TI - [Dose-response relationship of subcutaneously administered Arwin in patients with chronic arterial blood circulation disorders]. PMID- 1136570 TI - Effects of intravenously administered isoxsuprine in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon. PMID- 1136571 TI - Investigation of the different injection techniques in the sclerotherapy of varicose veins by minidose and differential pressure phlebography. PMID- 1136572 TI - Varicometer - a simple instrument for better assessment of the results of sclerotherapy in varicose veins. PMID- 1136573 TI - [Direct medial parva-ulcer]. PMID- 1136574 TI - [Programmed medical letters in angiology]. PMID- 1136575 TI - [Letter: Comments on the publication of "Quick treatment" by K. Sigg and A.Zelikowski, Vasa 4: 73-78 (1975)]. PMID- 1136576 TI - [Effect of solar and artificial ultraviolet radiation on morphological and histochemical indicators of the skin in patients with psoriasis]. PMID- 1136577 TI - [Blast transformation reaction in patients with certain dermatoses]. PMID- 1136578 TI - [Dynamics of excretion of glucocorticoids and their metabolites in patients with lupus erythematosus in the process of treatment]. PMID- 1136580 TI - [Pathogenesis of skin pigmentation disorders]. PMID- 1136579 TI - [Study of skin absorption of water soluble corticosteroid preparation, depersolon, in healthy persons and patients with skin diseases]. PMID- 1136581 TI - [Lymphocyte blast transformation reation in syphilis]. PMID- 1136582 TI - [Medical geography of allergic itching dermatoses in children in the Armenian SSR]. PMID- 1136583 TI - [Current problems of epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of gonorrhea]. PMID- 1136584 TI - [Vitamin A content of blood in patients with psoriasis during treatment with group B vitamins, pyrogenal and methotrexate]. PMID- 1136585 TI - [Therapeutic effectiveness of corticosteroid preparation "kenacort' in certain skin diseases]. PMID- 1136586 TI - [Ointment bases]. PMID- 1136587 TI - [Thermoreceptive function of the skin in patients with eczema and neurodermatitis]. PMID- 1136588 TI - [Amino acid spectrum of blood and urine in patients with vitiligo]. PMID- 1136589 TI - [Electrophysiological indicators (electrocardiography, electromyography) in patients with vasculitis]. PMID- 1136590 TI - [Soft leukoplakia (literature survey)]. PMID- 1136592 TI - [Dynamics of ceruloplasmin content and saturation with iron of blood serum transferrin in patients with contagious forms of syphilis in the process of treatment]. PMID- 1136591 TI - [Etiology and pathogenesis of chronic suppurative processes in the skin]. PMID- 1136593 TI - [Limitations of the preclinical questionnaire used for detecting nutritional disorders in mass health examinations-results from 50 000 examinations (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136594 TI - [Levels of lead in blood in an adult population from eastern belgium (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136595 TI - [Physician-patient relationship in hospital consultation. The attending-physician patient-psychiatrist situation in specialized hospital consultation (general hospital)]. PMID- 1136596 TI - [Metabolic stress by guanosin in healthy persons and in patients suffering from gouty arthritis]. AB - The oral administration of 2 g guanosine resulted in both normal and gouty patients in a significant increase of serum uric acid levels, remaining for 24 hours above the initial values. There was no difference in the response of both groups investigated, indicating that a "purine-tolerance test" has no significance in the diagnosis of arthritis urica. The 24-hour-rhythm of serum aicd was studied in 20 normal persons, showing no statistical significant differences. The results of this investigation demonstrate that blood-sampling for uric acid determination can be performed at any time of the day, provided a provided a purine-poor diet is given 24 hours before. PMID- 1136597 TI - [Is gonarthrosis with varus deformity a clinical entity]. AB - Studies were conducted in a group of patients with varose deformity. The present paper gives the results of indicidual bone metabolism studies conducted on 663 healthy controls and patients with articular disease without genu varum or with varose deformity. In subjects with genu varum intravenous administration of calcium causes the urinary elimination of hydroxyproline and nitrogen to fall. Among the groups under investigation this group of patients excretes the least amount of urine, has a relatively low calciuria and shows the highest retention rate of intravenously administered calcium. Patients with gonarthrosis associated to varose deformity excrete, a day after intravenous administration of calcium, the relatively least amounts of phosphorus, as compared to the healthy controls and other degenerative joint diseases without genu varum. Although the retention of intravenous calcium in the studied group resembles that seen in the process of generalized osteomalacia, no coinciding signs of osteomalacia c ould be found in subjects with gonarthrosis and varose deformity. X-ray examination of patients with genu varum revealed more marked changes in the bone structure, namely sclerosis, necrosis and osteophytes of shapes and sizes other than in gonarthrosis without varose deformity. Epidemiological analysis of 30 patients showed 83.3% of patients to have overweight type I to III according to the Broca formula. Pains in the knee joints started appearing at the mean age of 50 years. A large part of the patients showed the presence of serious varicose syndrome and relapsing phlebitis of the lower limbs. Although the clinical and X-ray pictures make it possible to conisder a larger amount of disease types, we assume that gonarthrosis with varose deformity may be regarded as an isolated clinical entity which refers primarily to a localized bone process. PMID- 1136599 TI - [Antistreptolysin-o latex test. A simple screening method for the determination of antistreptolysin-o antibodies]. AB - Experiences with a rapid latex slide test to distinguish elevated fron normal antistreptolysin-O titers are reported. A series of 1000 randomly selected sera were tested in parallel with the ASO latex test and the classical antistreptolysin-O titration test. All sera with an ASO titer of more than 200 I.U. produced a positive agglutination with the ASO latex test. No false negative results were recorded. 6,2% of the sera with a positive ASO latex test exhibited less than 200 I.U. in the titration test. A further advantage of the ASO latex test, apart from its easy practicability, is that it is not inhibited by serum lipids like the hemolytic titration test. The dextransulphate precipitation method combined with the ASO titration showed no advantaged when compared with the ASO latex test combined with the ASO titration without dextransulphate. When patients in our series with ASO TITERS OF 500 AND MORE I.U. were considered in relation to their clinical diagnosis it as found that infections with beta hemolytic streptococci would not be overlooked, when the ASO latex test is used as a screening procedure. The ASO latex test therefore all s a considerable reduction of personnel and working time. It is however, essential that industry should keep the quality of latex reagents strictly standardized. PMID- 1136598 TI - [Peroxidase activity in the paw of animals in adjuvant arthritis and its changes by antiphlogistics in vitro]. AB - The peroxidase activity is increased in the inflamed paw of rats with adjuvant arthritis. The increase is biphasic like for other enzymes. The higher peak occurs during primary inflammation in the injected paw according to the behaviour of polymorphonuclear leucocytes. Of 32 substances tested in vitro, among them 19 antiphlogistics and derivatives, especially the antiphlogistics inhibited the peroxidase reaction. Therfore it seems not unlikely that inhibition of the peroxidase reaction is involved in the mechanism of activity of anti-inflammatory agents. PMID- 1136600 TI - [Changes in zinc content of the cow's milk with varying zinc supply. 14. Metabolism of zinc in the animal organism]. PMID- 1136601 TI - [Reciprocal action of various substances contained in spinach on suckling pigs]. PMID- 1136602 TI - [Effect of Vitamin A on antibody formation in the chicken]. PMID- 1136603 TI - [Effect of chromium as a trace element on glucose regulation in rats. I. Distribution and retention of various quantities of chrome in the organism]. PMID- 1136604 TI - [Zinc status in bones of dairy cows (Tuber coxae) in zinc depletion and repletion. 15. Metabolism of zinc in the animal organism]. PMID- 1136605 TI - The method of intragastric administration of fluids to field voles (Microtus arvalis Pallas). PMID- 1136607 TI - Morphological studies on the development of tracheal epithelium in the Syrian golden hamster. I. Light microscopy. PMID- 1136606 TI - [Testing and use of suitable anesthesia methods for oral surgery in the Vietnamese miniature pig]. PMID- 1136608 TI - [In vitro fertilization of mouse ova in relation to breed, hormone dosage for superovulation and BSA content in fertilization medium]. PMID- 1136609 TI - [Cecum cannulation technic in pigs]. PMID- 1136610 TI - [The stimulation of sexual development by gonadotropic hormones in infantile female Gottingen miniature pigs]. PMID- 1136611 TI - [Serological studies on the involvement of influenza A2/Hongkong virus infection in kennel cough of dogs]. PMID- 1136612 TI - [Induction of chronic erysipelas in pigs. I. Experiments with killed antigen]. PMID- 1136613 TI - [Serological identification and behavior of the highly virulent swine fever virus in immunoelectrophoresis]. PMID- 1136614 TI - [Analysis of the time-space correlations of the slow oscillations of a light evoked potential]. PMID- 1136616 TI - [Dynamics of the formation of a staphylococcal carrier state in patients in a surgical hospital]. PMID- 1136615 TI - [Use of fibrinogen in hemorrhagic manifestations of different origin]. PMID- 1136617 TI - [Effectiveness of thyrocalcitonin in parodontosis]. PMID- 1136618 TI - [Hyaluronidase activity in the placenta in chloroprene poisoning]. PMID- 1136619 TI - [Utilization of the migration inhibition and blast transformation reactions of the peripheral blood leukocytes for indicating neoplastic delayed hypersensitivity]. PMID- 1136620 TI - [Use of a cyanoacrylate glue in the experimental resection of the pole of the kidney]. PMID- 1136621 TI - [Distribution and content of nucleic acids in the receptor cells of the spiral organ in alloxan diabetes]. PMID- 1136622 TI - [Allergic indices in relation to brucellosis in rabbits immunized with brucellosis vaccine separately as well as in a complex and in association with leptospirosis and pasteurellosis vaccines]. PMID- 1136623 TI - [Lesion of the heart in rats infected with A-Streptococcus]. PMID- 1136624 TI - [Action of x-ray irradiation on certain aspects of inorganic phosphate metabolism in white rats]. PMID- 1136625 TI - [Importance of certain environmental factors in the development of allergic pruritic dermatosis in children]. PMID- 1136626 TI - [Formation of ammonia in the kidneys and its urinary excretion in patients suffering from kidney stones]. PMID- 1136627 TI - [Characteristics of the clinical picture and changes in the lyphocytic enzymatic activity in pyelonephritis in young children]. PMID- 1136628 TI - [Characteristics of the clinical picture and treatment of coronary arteriosclerosis in the middle-aged and elderly by physical balneological factors]. PMID- 1136629 TI - [Effect of electrosleep on the motility of the gastrointestinal tract]. PMID- 1136630 TI - [Functional changes in the liver and blood coagulation system occurring in the drug, radiation and combined drug-radiation therapy of breast cancer metastases]. PMID- 1136632 TI - [Carbohydrate and phosphorus metabolism in the brain in burn shock]. PMID- 1136631 TI - [Transfusion of donor blood preserved at a temperature of -8 degrees C in hematological patients]. PMID- 1136633 TI - [Isolation and testing of an endogenous hypotensive renal substance]. PMID- 1136634 TI - [Leukemia morbidity in Erevan]. PMID- 1136635 TI - [Effect of histone and Fast Green on the development of Ehrlich ascitic carcinoma]. PMID- 1136636 TI - [Rate of disappearance of cholinesterase inhibitors from the circulating blood as dependent on their chemical structure]. PMID- 1136637 TI - [Functional coefficient of nucleic acid specificity]. PMID- 1136638 TI - [Effect of electrostimuvlation of hypothalamic nuclei on the microelement makeup of the blood in rabbit organs and tissues]. PMID- 1136639 TI - [Serotonin content in the dynamics of experimental pancreatitis]. PMID- 1136640 TI - [Effect of glucose and insulin on the basic tryptophan and histidine metabolic pathway as well as their combined action under conditions of experimental fluothane anesthesia]. PMID- 1136641 TI - [Clinical characteristics of acute glomerulonephritis in children]. PMID- 1136642 TI - [Daily variability in the pulse conduction rate along the afferent and efferent fibers of the peripheral nerve]. PMID- 1136643 TI - [Effect of emotional stress and premedication on the acid-base equilibrium of the blood]. PMID- 1136644 TI - [Pathomorphological changes in the fetal and neonatal lungs in acute disorder of the uterine-placental and umbilical-fetal blood circulation]. PMID- 1136645 TI - [Some data on a study of protein metabolism in leukemia patients and their closest relatives]. PMID- 1136646 TI - [Possibility of determining the excitability of the respiratory center by means of oxyhemometry]. PMID- 1136647 TI - [External respiratory functions in systemic scleroderma]. PMID- 1136648 TI - [Erythropoietic activity of the blood of athletes under moderate altitude conditions]. PMID- 1136649 TI - [Distibution of urolithiasis in the districts of Zangezur, Armenian SSR]. PMID- 1136650 TI - Cyclic peptides of sarcosine. Syntheses and conformation. AB - A series of cyclic peptides of sarcosine with the general formula c-Sar-n, n=2-8, has been synthesized and conformational studies carried out both in solution and in the solid. The rings are conformationally very homogeneous and contain both cis and trans amide bonds. Their barriers to ring inversion are high; in the smaller rings this is attributed to steric hindrance, caused by the N-methyl groups, whilst in the larger rings the folding of the chain in helical segments plays an important role. PMID- 1136651 TI - The crystal and molecular structure of (2-Hydroxyphenyl) alanine (o-Tyrosine). AB - The crystal structure of D,L-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-alanine has been determined by X ray methods using 1971 observed reflections. The crystals are monoclinic, space group P2-1, with four molecules in the unit cell of dimensions a=6.32-5 A; b=26.48-9 A; c=5.36-7 A, and beta=98.1-8 degrees. The structure was solved by direct methods and refined to a conventional R-factor of 0.048; estimated standard deviations in bond lengths not involving hydrogen are 0.002-0.004 A and in angles 0.1-0.2 degrees. Bond lengths and angles are in accordance with those found in tyrosine. Owing to an intra-molecular hydrogen bond between the ammonium group and the ring hydroxyl oxygen atom, however, the conformational angles differ from those found in several other phenylalanine derivatives. There are non crystallographic centres of symmetry between pairs of enantiomeric molecules. PMID- 1136652 TI - Structural studies of metabolic products of dopamine. III. Crystal and molecular structure of (--)-adrenaline. AB - The crystal structure of (--)-adrenaline has been determined by X-ray methods, using 831 observed reflections collected by counter methods. The crystals are monoclinic, space group P2-1 with a=7.873(2), b=6.790(2), c=8.638(2) A and beta=98.01(2) degrees. Least-squares refinements yielded a conventional R-factor of 0.053. Standard deviations in bond lengths are 0.005-0.006 A and in bond lengths aree 0.005-0.006 A and in bond angles 0.4 degrees. The adrenaline molecules were found to exist as zwitterions in the crystals. The conformation of the adrenaline molecule corresponds closely to that usually encountered among the salts of the sympathomimetic amines. The crystals consist of molecular double layers parallel to (100). The molecules within a layer are linked through hydrogen bonds of the types N--H...O and O--H...O, whereas the layers are connected by van der Waals interactions. PMID- 1136653 TI - [Trimerism pollicis (hereditary inborn anomaly) (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136654 TI - [Patophysiology of pseudoarthrosis (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136655 TI - [Avascular necrosis - rare localisations (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136656 TI - [Length of life of the joint mouse (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136657 TI - [Observation of the Activity of Scheuermann's disease (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136658 TI - [Roentgenographic evaluation of proximal femurs after implantation of endoprotheses (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136659 TI - [Surgical treatment of repeated severe injuries of the skeleton in hemophilic persons (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136660 TI - [On the question of therapeutic tactics in polytraumatism of small surgical wards (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136661 TI - [Scanning electron microscopic pattern of normal joint cartilage surface (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136662 TI - [Some indices of the conditions of organic exchange in children with inborn luxation (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136663 TI - [Surgical treatment in myopathies (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136664 TI - [Scoliosis and remedial exercises (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136665 TI - [The comprehensive care required for patients with scoliosis (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136666 TI - [Orthopedic care of children with a wrong holding of the body in the district Tachov (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136667 TI - [An apparatus for prolongation of the children's legs by a method of bloodless distraction epiphyseolysis of proximal end of tibia (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136668 TI - [Habitual luxation in tibiofibular joint (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136669 TI - [An unusual case of Thompson's endoprosthesis shaft fracture (lues and arthroplasty) (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136670 TI - [Coxitis as a differential diagnosis of appendicitis acuta in children (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136671 TI - [Blood sedimentation rate in osteoarticular tuberculosis (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136672 TI - [Injury and tuberculosis of locomotor apparatus (a case history) (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136673 TI - [Osteosynthesis of the fracture of the two upper thirds of the forearm and of the Monteggia fractures (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136674 TI - [Results of the therapy of fractures of upper end of femur by osteosynthesis that enable mutual pressure of the fragments during the fracture healing (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136675 TI - [Analysis of mortality after injuries in senile age (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136676 TI - [Causes of death in polytrauma (author's transl)]. PMID- 1136677 TI - [Unusual isotope scanning aspects of hot thyroid nodules: diagnostic problems]. AB - The classical picture of development of the "hot" nodule, which takes into account at the same time fixing or non-fixing nature of healthy perinodular tissue and the clinical condition of the patient fails to explain certain biological and scintigraphic findings. The authors discuss problems related to scintigraphy which they encounter in the course of the examination. In 174 stimulation tests carried out, 12 resulted in hypofixation of the isotope in the nodule, scintigraphy being carried out in three patients using 99-mTcO4 spontaneous reactivation of healthy tissue was seen in 5 patients. In the light of the cases reported, it would appear that the scintigraphic picture of the "hot" nodule is more in favor of a duality between the latter and healthy tissue with respect to iodine than of a hypersensitivity to TSH. In the 12 inhibition studies carried out, 3 showed the persistence of a contralateral shadow. Finally, on five occasions histological examination of the operative specimen showed the presence of neoplastic change, in two cases within the "hot/ nodule. PMID- 1136678 TI - [Fasting with muscular exercise: change in body weight and nitrogen balance]. AB - Amongst a group of 27 obese patients subjected to a 10 day fast (250 cal. with 22 Gms protein), 11 picked at random also followed a muscular exercise programme- the others serving as controls. This physical activity was well accepted and tolerated without problems. Weight loss was similar in both groups but the daily nitrogen balance in those patients performing muscular activity was less negative and tended to become positive more rapidly than in the control group. The loss of active muscle mass by protein catabolism as a result of fating was significantly less in the muscular activity group. This may indicate that muscular activity is useful in aiding adaptation to fasting and may orient weight loss preferentially towards fat mass. PMID- 1136679 TI - [Unilateral congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis]. AB - The authors report the anatomo-clinical description of a case of a complex malformation of the Ivemark type with asplenism. They draw attention to the presence of a left-sided unilateral congenital pulmonary lymphangectasia due to the absence of the left pulmonary venous trunk. This observation confirms the role of total blockage of pulmonary venous circulation in the aetiology of these very rare cases of congenital pulmonary lymphangectasia. PMID- 1136680 TI - [Letter: Fetal hyportropy and blood sugar regulation]. PMID- 1136682 TI - [Letter: Treatment of lupic nephropathies]. PMID- 1136681 TI - [Letter: Inactivated pill and therapeutic vigilance]. PMID- 1136683 TI - [Letter: Hemangioma of the colon: non hemorrhagic tumoral form of hemangioma of the cecum]. PMID- 1136684 TI - [Letter: Reversible acute myoclonic encephalopathies after bismuth salt ingestion]. PMID- 1136685 TI - [Letter: Fatal acute right heart failure due to walled off hemopericardium facing the right cavities]. PMID- 1136686 TI - [Letter: Asymetry of the mouth during crying]. PMID- 1136687 TI - [Dento-facial orthopedics]. PMID- 1136688 TI - [Dentifrices: changes and trends in their formulas]. PMID- 1136689 TI - Effects on breathing mechanics and gas exchange of different inspiratory gas flow patterns in patients undergoing respirator treatment. AB - In order to investigate the importance of different inspiratory gas flow patterns in respirator treatment, eight intensive care patients were studied with breathing mechanics and five patients also with gas exchange studies. Three different inspiratory gas flow patterns were tested in randomized sequences namely, accelerating, constant and decelerating flow. All three flow patterns were generated by the same respirator. No end-inspiratory pause was used. The results point to a favourable effect on breathing mechanics of a decelerating and a constant flow when compared with an accelerating flow type. However, when the total effects on gas distribution and lung perfusion were evaluated in the gas exchange studies, no significant differences were seen between the three flow patterns. PMID- 1136690 TI - Arterial hypotension and hypoxaemia during total hip replacement: the importance of thromboplastic products, fat embolism and acrylic monomers. AB - Thirteen patients submitted to total hip replacement surgery by the Charnley technique were studied. Operations were performed under epidural analgesia with the patients awake and breathing air. During the surgical procedure, the magnitude of tissue-thromboplastic activity, the amount of fat globules, the presence of bone marrow cells and the concentrations of acrylic monomers were determined in the pulmonary arterial blood. Simultaneously, arterial blood gases and blood pressure were monitored. Marked reductions of the arterial blood pressure and arterial oxygen tension occurred after impaction of the femoral prosthesis, and minor depressions appeared after insertion of the acetabular prosthesis. A significant correlation was found between the release of tissue thromboplastic products into the pulmonary circulation, i.e., products that initiate intravascular coagulation and the circulatory and respiratory reactions. The pulmonary fat droplets, per se, seem to be of minor importance, and the release of acrylic monomers is probably of no importance for these reactions. PMID- 1136691 TI - The effect of the short-acting barbiturate enibomal (Narcodorm) on systolic time intervals. AB - The systolic time intervals were studied in 16 surgical patients without heart disease between 29 and 75 years of age by a non-invasive technique before and after an induction dose of enibomal (Narcodorm). The pre-injection period/left ventricular ejection time-ratio (PEP/LVET-ratio) increased between 8 and 60% and (1/PEP-2) decreased between 3 and 50%, indicating a reduction of myocardial contractility under the influence of enibomal. Factors responsible for circulatory depression during barbiturate anaesthesia are discussed. PMID- 1136692 TI - Central and peripheral circulation immediately after pulmonary surgery as related to sympathodrenal activity. AB - Catecholamine output and circulation were observed in connection with pulmonary surgery in one group of ten patients who were anaesthetized with halothane-N20-02 d-tubocurarine and who breathed spontaneously after operation. In another group of four patients who received a modified neurolept anaesthesia with phenoperidine N2O-O2-d-tubocurarine and who were mechanically ventilated also after operation, catecholamine output and temperature were observed. In both patient groups, catecholamine output was normal during iperation. Adrenaline output increased by 400% the first postoperative hours, while noradrenaline output remained normal. Thereafter, noradrenaline output increased, while adrenaline output started to decrease. A subnormal body temperature was seen at the end of the operation. In two patients from the neurolept group, adrenaline output and temperature were recorded hour by hour; maximal adrenaline output concided with maximal temperature rise. In the patients from the halothane group, the pstoperative change in foot, calf and forearm blood flow correlated well with the change in catecholamine output. The central circulatory response to the symptahoadrenal stimulation was, however, found to be less pronounced than is ordinarily seen. PMID- 1136693 TI - Effects of thiopental (Trapanal) on coronary blood flow and myocardial metabolism in man. AB - The influence of thiopental (Trapanal) on coronary blood flow (MPF), myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2), and general haemodynamics was investigated in seven patients without heart disease. Besides measurement of MBF, the amount of substrates (glucose, lactate, pyruvate and free fatty acids (FFA) was also determined in arterial and coronary sinus blood samples. Thiopental was given intravenously in a mean dose of 4 mg/kg b,w, MBF was measured by means of the argon method. After injection of thiopental, all seven patients showed a significant increase of MBF and MVO2, a fact which can essentially be explained by the increase of heart rate. The effects of thiopental on arterial concentrations, arterior-coronary substrate differences, myocardial uptake, and O2-extraction ratio of the different substrates are discussed. PMID- 1136694 TI - Effect of dihydroergotamine on perpheral circulation during epidural anaesthesia in man. AB - The effect of intravenous administration of dihydroergotamine (DHE) on regional blood flow in the forearm and calf after pharmacological nerve blockade of the lower body induced by epidural anaesthesia has been studied in 13 subjects. After anaesthesia, DHE induced a significant increase in blood flow in the forearm with intact innervation and a significant decrease in blood flow in the nerve-blocked calf. On the average, the arterial blood pressure increased slightly. The calculated local vascular resistance increased in the nerve-blocked calf, probably due to a direct myogenic constrictive effect of DHE. In the intact forearm, local vascular resistance decreased. The results indicate that DHE exerts a complex effect on resistance vessels in addition to its well-known effect on the capacitance vessels. PMID- 1136695 TI - Effects on breathing mechanics and gas exchange of different inspiratory gas flow patterns during anaesthesia. AB - Ten patients without known cardiac or respiratory disease were investigated with breathing mechanics and gas exchange studies during anaesthesia and artifical ventilation. The effects of three different inspiratory gas flow patterns, namely, accelerating, constant and decelerating flows were studied. A decelerating flow resulted in an increase of total compliance when compared to an accelerating or a constant flow. However, at the same time, there was an increase in physiological dead space and a decrease in alveolar ventilation with a decelerating flow compared to an accelerating flow. These results seem to indicate an improved gas distribution in the greater airways with a decelerating flow pattern, but when the total effects of gas exchange were judged, the greatest benefits were with an accelerating flow. PMID- 1136696 TI - Concentration of bupivacaine in arterial and venous plasma after epidural anaesthesia in man and after intramuscular administration in dog. AB - The arteriovenous concentration difference of bupivacaine in plasma after epidural injection in man and after intramuscular injection in dog was studied. In man, arterial concentration was higher than peripheral venous ocncentration during an initial period of about 30 min, after which time period venous and arterial concentrations became fairly similar. Comparable results were obtained in the animal experiments. In addition, the experiments in dog indicated that the concentration of bupivacaine was fairly similar in central venous plasma and arterial plasma, but higher than the peripheral venous plasma concentration. These factors have to be taken into consideration when toxicological studies of local anaesthetic drugs are made. PMID- 1136697 TI - Complications to tracheostomy and long-term intubation: a follow-up study. AB - Hospital records of 79 patients treated with tracheostomy or long-term intubation from 1969 to 1971 were reviewed, and the 43 surviving patients were examined by laryngoscopy, x-ray and spirometry for complications subsequent to these treatments. Early complications included one tube occlusion and one case of postextubation stridor in each group, one dislocated tube, one bilateral pneumothorax, and one case of fatal innominate arterial hemorrhage in the tracheostomy group, and two cases of atelectasis in the long-term intubation group. Necropsy findings included necrotic ulcers in the larynx of intubated patients and eroded tracheal mucosa in both groups. Late complications in surviving patients were prolonged hoarseness in six patients treated with prolonged intubation, two of whom had also had tracheostomy. Radiologically verified tracheal stenosis (40-60%), four at the stoma level and one at the cuff level, all occurred in the tracheostomy group. PMID- 1136698 TI - Effect of controlled halothane anaesthesia on splanchnic blood flow and cardiac output in the dog. AB - Effects of halothane anaesthesia on aplanchnic blood flow and cardiac output were studied in six dogs. Blood flows in the hepatic artery, the superior mesenteric artery and the portal vein were measured electromagnetically. Cardiac output was measured by thermodilution. Depth of anaesthesia, ventilation, acid-base state and body temperature were controlled. Cardiac output and blood flows in the hepatic artery, the superior mesenteric artery and the portal vein decreased significantly to 73%, 54%, 59% and 60% of control values, respectively. Total peripheral vascular resistance decreased significantly, while mesenteric and portal resistance remained essentially unchanged and hepatic arterial resistance showed a significant increase. It is suggested that the difference between the various vascular responses may be caused by a differentiated release from baroreceptor inhibition in various parts of the bulbar vasomotor center. PMID- 1136699 TI - Maternal and fetal responses to halothane in pregnant monkeys. AB - Maternal cardiac output, blood pressure, heart rate, fetal blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory blood gases, and uterine blood flow were measured in six pregnant monkeys during halothane-nitrous oxide and oxygen anesthesia and compared to theses same parameters observed during nitrous oxide and oxygen anesthesia. Halothane 1.5% was associated with a decrease in maternal arterial pressure (54%), heart rate (10%), cardiac output (17%), total peripheral resistance (40%), and uterine blood flow (38%). Mean fetal heart rate decreased 18% and mean fetal blood pressure 22%. These changes in fetal hemodynamics were probably related to a direct depression of the fetal cardiovascular system and its usual compensatory mechanism as well as the fetal asphyxia secondary to the decrease in uterine blood flow. PMID- 1136700 TI - The embryonic and postnatal growth of rat and mouse. III. growth of the whole animal in the puberty, adult, and senescence phases in two inbred mouse strains (cpb-s and kba/2). Exponential growth, sudden changes in the growth rate, and a model for the regulation of the mitotic rate. AB - 1. The growth model forumlated for prenatal and postnatal growth up to the middle of the puberty phase seems to be valid for the later postnatal phases as well, including adulthood and senescence. 2. In this model, growth consists of phases with exponential growth (constant specific growth rate) separated by sudden changes in the rate. 3. In the period described here, 7 phases can be distinguished, beginning with puberty (phase IV) and ending with senescence (phase X). 4. In 4 of these phases the growth rate does not differ significantly between the four groups of mice used. In the other 3 phases there are no differences between three of the groups but the fourth, one of the sexes of the CPB-S strain, differs very definitely from the rest. 5. Absence of growth occurred in some phases in one of the groups. 6. Some of the phases do not occur in all individual animals; this holds especially for phase VIII, which occurred in only about 25% of the animals. 7. The 'growth constants' postulated in Part I and now studied in the individual mice, tend to have a value of about 2. A theoretical model is described for the regulation of the mitotic rate giving 'growth constants' of about the same numerical value. PMID- 1136701 TI - Comparative microscopical study of the gall bladder mucosa. AB - The gall bladder from 6 Psammophis sibilans, 10 Bufo regularis and 10 Albino mice were extracted and prepared for microscopic examination. It was found that the mucosa of Psammophis sibilans consisted of ovoid and polygonal cells which were occasionally binucleated cells with darkly stained nuclei and occasionally pear shaped cells with vesicular nuclei and fine processes. These cells were arranged in three layers. Apossible explanation for the different types of cells encountered and their arrangement was given. The gall bladder mucosa of Bufo regularis and Albino mouse were thrown into folds covered with simple columnar epithelium. However, the epithelium of the frog was higher than that of the mouse, with the nuclei situated midway between basement membrane and the lumen. Vacuolated cells were detected in the gall bladder mucosa of the mouse. The significance of the mucosal folds was discussed. PMID- 1136702 TI - Ontogenic growth changes of the skull base in four genera of nonhuman primates. AB - Cross-sectional studies of the degree of the cranial base flexion were carried out in infant, juvenile and adult skulls in four genera of nonhuman primates (P. paniscus, H. lar, P. urinus, and M. mullatta). The cephalometric observations of the cranial base included linear and angular measurements of each specimen. The data obtained in this study showed that the anterior portion of the cranial base exhibits a significant shortening trend as the mammalian evolutionary scale ascends. Moreover, the growth pattern of the anterior portion of the skull base follows that of the facial bony structures. The ontogenic growth changes of the posterior portion of the skull base follows the growth pattern of the endocranial cavity. The significant trend of elongation in this area directly contributes to the posterior migration of the foramen magnum. The magnitude of these growth changes decreases as the evolutionary scale ascends. The angular measurements of the cranial flexion showed a less obtuse cranial base angle in young specimens and the ones higher on the mammalian scale. The skull kyphosis was less pronounced in these specimens and the anatomical features of the cranial base were more humanlike, including the balance of the head expressed by the position of the foramen magnum. PMID- 1136703 TI - Review of the evolution and phylogeny of the mammalian tongue. AB - Evolution of the mammalian tongue has been characterized by a number of extensive structural adaptations for the highly specialized functions which various tongues perform. Variations in shape, epithelium, muscle arrangement and mechanisms of lingual stiffening are described, and the possible way in which such changes have occurred is discussed. The review also shows that a study of the tongue's structure in conjunction with other anatomical features may serve as a useful indicator of an animal's habits and diet and provide important information for taxonomic purpose. PMID- 1136704 TI - [Form and development of the human fetal subarachnoid cistern]. AB - The development and form of the human fetal subarachnoid spaces have been elucidated by reconstruction (34 mm CRL fetus) and by plastic casts (several 20 30 cm CRL fetuses). Equivalents of adult cisterns are present in the young fetus. In older fetuses the cisternal shape is of adult type. It is suggested that pressure from the growing brain produces tension in the arachnoid mesenchyme and determines the initial orientation of the endo-ecto-meningeal limiting membrane. The fluid-filled subarachnoid spaces and the fetal brain together form a composite structural unit probably defining the configuration of the fetal head capsule. Prospective sutures develop over the inner ridges of the fetal dura. However, the lambda suture and the associated base of the tentorium eventually separate. PMID- 1136705 TI - Functional asymmetry in the face. AB - The possible existence of one-sided dominance in the face, similar to the phenomena of handedness and footedness, has been investigated by studying smiling pattern, movements of the angles of mouth, winking, platysma contraction, raising and everting the upper lip with dilatation of the nostril, and vertical wrinkling of the forehead, on 300 right-handed and 30 left-handed persons. The conclusions are as follows: 1. The large majority of persons investigated do not use the two sides of face equally. 2. Facial ambilaterality is a rare feature. 3. There is no clear-cut correlation between handedness and the dominant side of the face. 4. The greater percentage (58.66%) of right-handed persons show a left-sided smile and find it more convenient to perform almost all exercises with the left side of the face. A still greater percentage (73.33%) of left-handed persons shows a right-sided smile and a better performance of all exercises with the right side of the face. The contralateral relationship of handedness to the dominant side of the face is significant in the right-handed and more so, in the left-handed persons. PMID- 1136706 TI - Blood vessels and excretory apparatus of the kidney in some wild animals. AB - On 110 preparations of the kidney in some wild animals (hare, fox, wolf, bear, boar and chamois), the blood vessels and the excretory apparatus were studied by dissection, injection-corrosion and microscope. Only the bear has a markedly split kidney, whereas the kidneys of the other animals are unsplit. In the fox there is an obvious split of the renal artery into anterior and posterior branches which supply the anterior and posterior portion, respectively, of the renal parenchyma, being separated from each other, so that we may speak of an anterior and posterior kidney. In the fox, wolf, hare and chamois the interlobar arteries pass through the renal calices in a loop composed of adipose tissue, invested by the epithelium of the renal calyx. The renculi of the bear kidney show complete autonomy in relation to the blood vessels as well as in relation to the excretory apparatus. The relation of the surface of the excretory apparatus to the whole kidney was studied. Thus we have found the fox to have relatively the largest excretory apparatus, whose surface amounts to 31% of the whole kidney. In the remainder of the animals investigated this percentage is considerably less, ranging from 21.7% (boar) to 26.7% (bear). PMID- 1136707 TI - Histochemistry of oxidative enzymes in the neuroglia in course of myelination. AB - The histoenzymic pattern of oxidative enzymes (G-6-PDH, G-PDH, ICDH, SDH, HBDH, NADH-2:tetrazolium dehydrogenase) was investigated in the developing neuroglia of rabbit brains, with special regard to the period of myelinogenesis. The obtained results lead to following conclusions: (1) During the early period of postnatal development there is maximal oxidative enzyme activity in ependymal cells, somewhat less reactive are the undifferentiated matrix cells and the differentiating cells of the mantle layer. No distinction can be made between the response of spongio- and neuroblasts. (2) Distinctly increased oxidoreductase activity, as compared to the early period of postnatal development, is demonstrated by the differentiating cells of myelination gliosis, no prevalence being demonstrable for enzymes of the particular metabolic pathways (pentose shunt, glycolysis or Krebs cycle). (3) G-6-PDH, G-PDH and oxidoreductases acting within the citric acid cycle are demonstrable only in single cells of the interfascicular oligodendroglia of adult rabbit brains, while almost all cells exhibit appreciable activity of HBDH and NADH-2 tetrazolium dehydrogenase. PMID- 1136708 TI - Histochemical observations on the mucins of the gastrointestinal tract in the toad (Bufo melanostictus). AB - The pattern of mucin secretion of the gastrointestinal tract of the toad (B. melanostictus) was investigated by histochemical methods. The goblet cells of the oesophagus secreted mainly acid mucins which were sialomucins, while the cells lining the surface of the stomach produced neutral mucins only. Goblet cells of the small intestine and cloaca secreted acid mucins, which were predominently sulphated mucins. PMID- 1136709 TI - Studies on ectopic granule cells in the cerebellar cortex. III. An investigation into the restoration of the external granular layer after partial destruction. AB - In order to strengthen a hypothesis concerning the occurrence of ectopic granule cells, one of the assumptions made was tested systematically. The reaction of the EGL to partial destruction by various single doses by hydroxyurea at various ages was followed. Under all conditions examined, re-population of the EGL takes place -rapidly after lower doses, slowly after high doses of HU. The phenomena observed are discussed with a view on the hypothesis mentioned. Re-population is beneficial, but may itself be a major pathogenetic factor in certain developmental malformations by upsetting the "time-schedule". The results are also of potential interest for an analysis of the regulation of normal cerebellar morphogenesis. PMID- 1136710 TI - An unusual type of infantile lipofuscinosis. AB - The case of a child is described who at the age of 2 years showed the first evidence of a developing neurological disease. Within a couple of years, profound mental retardation and severe motor deficit with spastic tetraplegia became established. No seizures and no pigmentation of the retina were observed. The condition remained practically unchanged for some 8 years and the patient died at 12 years of age of terminal bronchopneumonia. At autopsy there was conspicuous diffuse atrophy of the brain. The cerebral cortex was particularly involved. Most of the cortical neurons were destroyed and neuroglia showed abundant proliferation. The few remaining neurons contained inclusion material which was identified as lipofuscin. Noticeable cedifferences from the various types of amaurotic idiocies are noted and similarities to a case of lipidosis recently reported from Finland are suggested. PMID- 1136711 TI - The occurrence of dark neurons in the normal and deafferentated lateral vestibular nucleus in the rat: observations by light and electron microscopy. AB - The lateral vestibular nucleus was studied by light and electron microscopy in normal rats as well as in rats in which the anterior cerebellar vermis was destroyed. Dark neurons were seen in many of the operated rats but were rarely found in normal control animals. The dark neurons were not seen in adjacent nuclei. In additional rats, it was found that anoxia, extra anaesthetic, postmortem rough handling, and sham operations did not increase the frequency of dark neurons. These data indicate that dark neurons might not always be artifactual and that the lateral vestibular nucleus appears to be a focal point for their occurrence. PMID- 1136712 TI - Wernicke's encephalopathy: an experimental study in the rhesus monkey. AB - Experimental Wernicke's encephalopathy, induced in rhesus monkeys with a diet lacking thiamine (vitamin B1), is characterized by cavitary necrosis of the striatum as well as a microvacuolar periventricular lesion of the brain stem such as occurs in man. With high resolution light microscopy and electron microscopy, the primary structural alteration in the brain stem lesion, and probably also in the striatum, appears to be that of widespread "blister" formation due to splitting of myelin at the intraperiod line. Microvascular alterations were minimal, even in the most severely affected regions. It is the myelin blisters which give rise to the spongy texture of the neuropil. A similar splitting of myelin has been described in several other experimental encephalopathies, and it is probable that it also occurs in Wernicke's encephalopathy in man. PMID- 1136713 TI - Clinico-pathological correlations in a case of traumatic pan-hypopituitarism. AB - A case of post-traumatic chronic pan-hypopituitarism in a 22 year old man is reported. Post-mortem examination revealed gliosis of the posterior hypothalamus, sclerosis of the neuro-hypophysis, cellular atrophy of the adenohypophysis, with relative hyperplasia of the basophil cells, atrophy of the endocrine target glands. Clinical and morphological findings are correlated and discussed. PMID- 1136715 TI - Effect of centrifugation on amniotic fluid phospolipid recovery. AB - Amniotic fluid lecithin and sphingomyelin were determined quantitatively in 33 samples obtained throughout the last trimester. Each sample was divided into three parts and each part was centrifuged at different relative forces prior to extraction. It is shown that centrifugation always removes considerable amounts of both lecithin and sphingomyelin from the supernatant towards the end of pregnancy, but very little at the beginning of the last trimester. The fatty acid composition of amniotic fluid lecithin, studied by gas liquid chromatography, indicate that surface active lecithin is lost by centrifugation of the fluid prior to extraction. PMID- 1136714 TI - The large dense core vesicle: a normal organelle of the central nervous system myelinated axon. AB - Large dense core vesicles (LDCV) were found frequently enough in normal guinea pig central white matter, basis pontis and spinal cord posterior columns to be regarded as a normal organelle. A review of studies of LDCV and dense core particles (DCP), which have a different cytological localization and appear to be associated with a variety of diseases, suggests that they are the same, and hence remarkedly ubiquitous. LDCV should no longer be regarded as a type of synaptic vesicle, but as an incompetely defined organelle common to many cell types. PMID- 1136716 TI - The hazards of vacuum aspiration in late first trimester abortions. AB - The incidence of somatic complications in connection with legal termination of pregnancy by vacuum aspiration was analysed in 1,123 hospital patients. Special attention was paid to complication rates in relation to gestational age. It was found that the incidence of major uterine haemorrhage increased with gestational period, being unexpectedly high in the 12th week. When anaesthesia was supplemented with halothane there was a significantly higher incidence of uterine haemorrhage that when this anaesthetic was avoided. The results indicate that strict principles for the operation procedure are mandatory to reduce blood loss and other complications. It is suggested that the end of the 12th week should not be considered as a "magic" time limit for vaccum aspiration but that the policy should aim at early intervention, preferably before the end of the 10th week. In the event of late first trimester abortions or "border line" cases it is of advantage to administer prostaglandin extra-amniotically for pre-operative dilatation of the cervix. PMID- 1136718 TI - Serum levels of oestradiol and progesterone during administration of prostaglandin F2alpha for induction of abortion and labour. AB - Prostaglandin F2alpha was used to induce abortion or labour in 84 women between the 11th and 44th weeks of pregnancy. Three different routes of administration were used, intravenous, extra-amniotic, and intra-amniotic. The extra-amniotic infusion of prostaglandin F2alpha produced a faster response than the other two routes. Less than one-third of the dose used in the intra-amniotic group was required in the extra-amniotic group for a complete evacuation of the uterus. Vomiting and diarrhoea occurred in 40% of the women in the intra- and extra amniotic group, while the frequency was 88% in the intravenous group. Serum levels of progesterone and oestradiol decreased in accordance with the pattern found during spontaneous deliveries. The effect of prostaglandin F2alpha on the myometrium does not appear to be mediated via changes in the blood levels of progesterone or oestradiol. PMID- 1136717 TI - Fibrinogen-fibrin degradation products in menstrual blood from women with normal and excessive menstrual losses. AB - Fibrinogen-fibrin degradation products, FDP, in menstrual blood during the first three days of menstrual blood during the first three days of menstruation have been investigated. Two groups of women were studied, those with normal menstrual blood loss (15 women, mean loss 30 ml, range 8-60 ml) and those with menorrhagia (14 women, mean loss 222 ml, range 107-729 ml). The following results were obtained: 1). The FDP concentrations decreased during menstruation in both groups. 2). The FDP concentrations in the two were compared for each day of the menstrual period. No differences were found between the two groups. A possible explanation of the results is given: there is a higher rate of coagulation and fibrinolysis in the endometrium of women with menorrhagia compared with women with normal blood losses. The hypothesis is supported by results of studies in which tranexamic is supported by results of studies in which tranexamic acid, an inhibitor of fibrinolysis, was given to reduce the menstrual blood loss. 3). The FDP excretion patterns differed from women to women. There were no consistent differences between the menorrhagic and the control group. PMID- 1136719 TI - Outcome of term breech delivery in primigravidae. a feto peivicbreech index. AB - Analysis of 340 term breech presentations in primigravidas showed a corrected perinatal mortality of 1.5%; the elective cesarean section rate was 15%. The incidence of complicated labour, defined in the study, was analyzed with regard to different parameters, e.g. X-ray pelvimetry data in all 340 cases. Complicated labour in vaginal deliveries markedly increased with increasing fetal weight (p less than 0.001) and decreasing pelvic capacity (p less than 0.001). In each case the fetal weight and smallest pelvimetry data were given score points and the sum of these was called the Feto Pelvic Breech Index, which was correlated to the incidence of complicated labour. By using this index the mortality and the routine use of elective cesarean section. The prognostic methods available to detect feto-pelvic disproportion are discussed. PMID- 1136720 TI - Urge incontinence in women. AB - A survey has been presented of the author's personal methods to treat urge incontinence in women caused by neurogenic disturbances or by urethritis. Denervation of the bladder by unilateral or bilateral resection of the inferior hypogastric plexus is used for neurogenic disturbances with uninhibited bladder contractions or hypertonic bladders and in cases of interstitial cystitis, if a preoperative blockade with local anaesthesia has given a favourable result. Urethral diverticula are extirpated. Urethritis is treated with careful dilatation of the uretha and massage in combination with local treatment of the mucosa with 1% solution of silver nitrate. In cases with a narrow urethral orifice a meatotomy is made. Women with wide external orifice and recurrent urethritis following intercourse are operated upon. A structure similar to the frenulum of the prepuce in the male is constructed, which closes the orifice at the introduction of the penis. PMID- 1136721 TI - Serotonin, 5-hiaa, total estrogen and pregnanediol excretion in urine during therapeutic saline abortion. AB - In 24 patients, who underwent therapeutic abortion for various reasons between the 17th and 26th week of pregnancy, urinary excretion of serotonin, 5-HIAA, total estrogens, and pregnanediol were measured before, during and after the intra-amniotic injection of hypertonic saline. 20% hypertonic saline solution (160-500 ml) was given by transabdominal injection over a period of 5 min. The four hormones or metabolites were measured during six periods: I; 12-24 hrs, and II: 0-12 hrs before saline administration, III: 0-12 hrs after saline administration, IV: 0-12 hrs during aborion, V: 0-12 hrs and VI: 12-24 hrs after abortion. The results point to the active participation of serotonin in the process of fetal expulsion, as serotonin was increased by over 100% (from 20-22 to 43-47 mu-g/12 hrs) during periods III-IV, and its metabolite 5-HIAA, too, increased by nearly 60% (from 2.4-2.5 to 3.3-3.9 mg/12 hrs). They decreased during the post-abortive periods V-VI. On the other hand, total estrogens decreased only slowly, but continuously, during all 6 periods (4.9, 4.3, 3.4, 3.1, 1.8 and 1.4 mg/12 hrs). Pregnanediol, beginning with 12 mg/12 hrs showed a slight increase during periods III-IV (14.5 and 15.6 mg/12 hrs) and a decrease during periods V-VI (8.0 and 5.8 mg/12 hrs). These findings are interpreted as indicating the disruption of feto-placental function affecting estrogens during periods III-VI. They might demonstrate an accelerated hydrogenation of progesterone into pregnanediol during periods III-IV, followed by a sharp decreased in progesterone/pregnanediol production during periods V-VI. PMID- 1136722 TI - Effects of terbutaline on human uterine motility at term. AB - The effects of the selective beta-2-receptor stimulator terbutaline on the activity of gravid, human myometrium were investigated in vitro and in vivo, before and after administration of different beta-receptor blockers. Terbutaline, 0.2-1.0 mu-g/ml, inhibited the spontaneous contractile activity of isolated strips of myometrium. This effect was unaffected by the selective beta-a-receptor blockers practolol, 1 mu-g/ml, and H 93/26, 1 mu-g/ml. However, the non-selective blocker propranolol, 0.1 mu-g/ml, completely inhibited the terbutaline effects. The in vitro effects of terbutaline could be correlated with findings in vivo. Intra-uterine pressure was recorded in 4 pregnant women at term. Infusion of terbutaline, 10-15 mu-g/min, for 20-40 min, effectively inhibited both spontaneous and oxytocin-stimulated uterine activity. There was a moderate increase in maternal heart rate, but no consistent effect on maternal blood pressure. Fetal heart rate was little affected. The uterine effects of terbuline were not influenced by practolol, 5-20 mg i.v., but completely inhibited by propranolol, 1-2 mg i.v. The results suggest that terbutaline inhibits uterine motility by effects on uterine beta-2-receptors and that it can be given in clinically effective doses without adverse circulatory effects on mother or fetus. PMID- 1136723 TI - The effect of a copper iud and "inert" iuds on the incorporation of 3-h-thymidine and 5-3-h-uridine into the endometrium of the rabbit after stimulation with human chorionic gonadotropin. AB - The present investigation studied the influence of different types of intra uterine devices (IUDs) especially that of a copper IUD, on the incorporation of 3 H-thymidine and 5-3-H-uridine into the endometrium of the rabbit. "Inert" IUD. In non-stimulated rabbits, the incorporation of 3-H-thymidine was increased in the copper influenced horn. The incorporation of 3H-thymidine in control and Cu-IUD containing horns reached a maximum at 48 hours after HCG stimulation, but was significantly lower in the copper-containing horn than in the control horn. On the fifth day of pseudopregnancy, the incorporation of 3-H-thymidine was significantly higher in the copper IUD-containing horn. The total amount of DNA in the endometrium increased during early pseudopregnancy, but this increase was markedly reduced in the presence of copper. The copper IUD had no influence on the rate of incorporation of 5-3-H-uridine in non-stimulated rabbits, whereas it caused a higher incorporation on the fifth day of pseudopregnancy. PMID- 1136724 TI - Demonstration of boundary lubrication by synovial fluid. AB - An account is given of an oscillatory rotating friction measurement apparatus which can be used for demonstration of boundary lubrication by synovial fluid when rubber and glass are employed as rubbing surfaces. A technical description of the apparatus is given. The greatest importance is placed on getting the apparatus to demonstrate reproducible results when saline and normal bovine synovial fluid are used as lubricant. The greatest variations are caused by differences in the cleaning of the rubber and in its tension. On the basis of bovine synovial fluid from ten different hock joints investigations were made of individual variations and changes occurring during storage at 4 degrees C. The individual variations were found to be of no importance; a decrease in the lubricating effect was observed only after storage for two months. Addition of trypsin confirmed that boundary lubrication by synovial fluid can be related to the protein component. The conclusion is that the apparatus is considered suitable for clinical investigations of boundary lubrication in connection with different joint diseases. PMID- 1136725 TI - Difference in leg length in children with coxa plana during and after treatment using unilateral unloading. AB - In unilateral coxa plana a shortening of the affected leg can often be found. This shortening affects not only the caput-collum part of the femur but also the other parts of the femur and the tibia. In this study, however, the immobilization of the affected leg seemed to be the main reason for the observed difference in the leg length. Children who had not unloaded their affected leg as carefully as they should proved to have a smaller difference in leg length than those who had unloaded their affected leg according to the instructions. On the other hand compensatory growth of the affected leg was found when both legs were again taking weight. The difference in the leg length was significantly reduced one year after the completion of the treatment. PMID- 1136726 TI - Use of ultrasound to detect fat emboli during total hip replacement. AB - Use of the Doppler principle with an ultrasound flowmeter provided a method of detecting fat emboli during total hip replacement. A measure of the quantity of fat emboli and when the embolism occurs during the operative procedure is possible with this method. By the use of a suction catheter inserted in the intramedullary canal or the placement of large drill holes in the lateral cortex of the femur the amount of fat released into the venous circulation can be reduced. Although no definite signature could be obtained for the audible "chirps" by energy density spectrum analysis the observer could readily distinguish these chirps from the burbling noise produced by air emboli. Ultrasound is an easy, noninvasive and reliable technique for detecting fat emboli during total hip replacement. PMID- 1136727 TI - Autogenous transplantation of apophyseal cartilage to osteochondral defects of joints. AB - 35S was administered to 20 puppies which had been exposed to transplantation of osteochondral apophyseal transplants from the iliac crest to defects of the femoral condyles. Some transplants were implanted into defects within the joint surfaces whereas others were implanted outside the joint surfaces. An autoradiographic study was performed to assess the functional vitality of the transplanted cartilage at varying intervals up to 14 months. This study further necessitated an investigation of the normal pattern of incorporation of 35S in the iliac crest. The studies revealed that the incorporation of 35S within the apophysis of the iliac crest was similar to that seen within pressure epiphyses, being heaviest in the proliferating and hypertrophying cells in the growth plate and around the secondary centre of ossification. The increased turnover of sulphur around the secondary centre of ossification declined, however, when the initial stage of the ossification was passed and when hypertrophy of cartilage cells was no longer seen. Ossification then took place without intensified production of organic sulphur-containing compounds in this region. The study further showed that apophyseal cartilage was still able to incorporate 35S following transplantation to the mentioned defects, except in some basal central areas adjacent to the metaphyseal bone. These findings suggested that the cartilage not only survived, but also preserved its capacity for synthetizing sulphur-containing compounds, probably chondroitin sulphate. PMID- 1136728 TI - Traumatic aneurysm of the common femoral artery after hip endoprosthesis. AB - A case with a rare arterial trauma after a femoral head replacement with a Christiansen prosthesis is presented. The common femoral artery was penetrated by the tip of a Homan speculum and a false aneurysm developed. PMID- 1136729 TI - Performance of bk amputees using ptb prostheses. AB - A below-knee amputee is generally known to achieve a close-to-normal performance level, with the patellar-tendon-bearing method of stump fitting. This was confirmed by an ergonomic investigation on ten below-knee amputees, fitted with PTB prostheses. The test group subjects were given two static tests, two dynamic tests and one exercise tolerance test, during which their oxygen consumptions, pulmonary ventilations, energy expenditures and peak heart rates were measured. The performance of the test subjects were compared with that of a control group consisting of sixteen normal, healthy, individuals. The percentage increases in the values of the biomechanical parameters of the test subjects, over those of the control group, were found to be justified and thus natural to the below-knee amputee-PTB prosthesis system. The ergonomic study has not yielded information regarding the biomechanical efficacy of the PTB prosthesis, but it has also shown that the amputees fitted with such prostheses can take up, without any undue extra effort and metabolic cost, industrial occupations of the moderately heavy kind. PMID- 1136731 TI - Tibial osteotomy for osteoarthrosis of the knee. AB - Forty-five knees with tibial osteotomy for osteoarthrosis were studied at 5 to 10 years following surgery. Twenty-seven were graded excellent, eight good and ten poor. The best results were found in knees which maintained a Femoro-Tibial angle of 163 degrees--180 degrees whereas the poor results were associated with either under-correction at operation or late recurrence of deformity. The latter was closely related to pain. Provided that the initial deformity is adequately corrected and maintained, tibial osteotomy for osteoarthrosis of the knee gives good results which can last up to 10 years. PMID- 1136730 TI - Pathological anatomy of the aging meniscus. AB - In 21 autopsy subjects and 25 anatomical cadavers, both knee joints were dissected extensively to find: a) degenerative changes in the menisci of knee joints, especially horizontal tears and b) associated degenerative changes in the articular surfaces of the knee joint, in order to attempt a correlation between the two lesions. Thirty-nine horizontal tears of the meniscus in 21 patients were found, of which 32 were in the medial meniscus. There was no articular damage visible in three, minimal in eight, moderate in seven and severe in three subjects. The highest incidence was in the seventh and eighth decades with black males showing a slight preponderance. The degenerative meniscus with a horizontal tear is a part of the overall degenerative process in the knee joint and should be treated as such. PMID- 1136732 TI - Congenital clubfoot. AB - A series of 58 children with 75 idiopathic congenital clubfeet is presented. Early soft tissue release was performed in 77 per cent. The main purpose of the study was to clarify the causes of postoperative relapse. The results were poor in 12 feet, 11 (19 per cent) were reoperated. On re-evaluation of the "poor" cases we found severe social problems involved, including parental neglect. PMID- 1136733 TI - Effect of cortisone and an anabolic steroid upon plasma hydroxyproline during fracture healing in rabbits. AB - The effect of cortisone and an anabolic steroid on plasma hydroxyproline (HOP) was investigated in young male rabbits, following operative fracture of the radius. The action of these hormones was studied in three groups of animals, a cortisone (hydrocortisone sodium succinate 5mg/kg every day), an anabolic (norandronolone-19-phenylpropionate 5 mg/kg every other day) and a cortisone plus anabolic treated group. A fourth group of animals served as controls. Plasma HOP was found to increase during the fracture healing in control animals, particularly in the first week and during callus remodelling. Cortisone produced elevation of HOP level during the first two weeks followed by a decrease to low normal values. Animals treated with the anabolic did not present the initial rise but a sustained increase during callus remodelling. When both the anabolic and cortisone were administered, a curve similar to that of cortisone-treated animals was obtained. The initial increase of HOP is attributed to bone destruction and to a lesser degree to synchronous bone formation at the site of the fracture. This catabolic process seems to be enhanced by cortisone and inhibited by the anabolic. When, however, the two hormones are given together the protective anticatabolic effect of the anabolic is almost abolished. PMID- 1136734 TI - Physical work performed by surgeons during orthopaedic operations. AB - Four surgeons participated in a study which aimed to demonstrate the physical work load during operations. Maximal oxygen uptake and maximum heart rate were determined by using the Douglas bag technique and recording the heart rate during the tests. By working at two submaximal work loads, heart rate was recorded and miximal oxygen uptake was determined indirectly. Using telemetry, heart rate was recorded during operation, and the mean oxygen uptake was determined. In 90 per cent of all operations the surgeons were working at a level of 20 to 30 per cent of their maximal aerobic capacity. There was an increase in body temperature and a decrease of body weight after all operations. In long lasting operations a decrease of grip force was noted. PMID- 1136736 TI - The normal and pathological mobility of the metacarpo-phalangeal joint. AB - The pathological mobility of the metacarpo-phalangeal joints of 100 patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis was studied, and the results were analysed and compared with the results obtained in a control non-rheumatoid group. This report seems to suggest that rheumatoid metacarpo-phalangeal joints become more lax the longer the rheumatoid disease has been present. However, when there is marked local involvement of the joint this hyperlaxity cannot be proven because of pain and/or mechanical blockage. PMID- 1136735 TI - Characterization of bone cements. AB - Properties of acrylic bone cements during and after curing were determined for three brands of bone cement. Curing time and consistency were chosen for the characterization of the handling and working behavior of these materials. The performance of bone cements after curing may be related amongst other things to the following properties: water resorption, solubility/disintegration, flexural modulus of elasticity, yield stress, proportional limit, flexural strength and impact strength. Methods to determine these handling and material properties are described. The influence of radiopacifying and antibiotic additives on these properties is evaluated as well as the influence of porosity on flexural strength and impact strength. The results indicate that considerable differences in the handling properties occur. The material properties of the three brands tested do not show marked differences. Radiopacifying and antibiotic additives appear to have a negative effect on material properties; the effect of porosity as it develops during curing under simulated clinical conditions is more pronounced. PMID- 1136737 TI - Long-term observations on the loss of bone mineral following colles' fracture. AB - Seventy-four women were studied at various points in time between 1 month and 12 years after a fracture of the distal end of the radius--Colles' fracture. In 50 cases the maximum loss of bone after fracture was considered to have taken place in that more than 4 months had elapsed since the accident. The bone mineral content was measured in both forearms with gamma absorptiometry. It was demonstrated that the degree of post-traumatic osteoporosis, calculated as the difference between the values obtained for the injured and the uninjured arms, decreased with time. The difference between the arms was greater in peri- and early postmenopausal and in very old women suggesting that these groups had lost more bone and/or been less able to restore lost mineral with time. PMID- 1136738 TI - Diphtheroid infection of the cervical spine. AB - A unique case in which cervical osteomyelitis was caused by a diphtheroid is reported and the previously recorded clinical infections due to similar organisms are briefly reviewed. PMID- 1136739 TI - A study of height, weight and menarche in girls with idiopathic structural scoliosis. AB - In a series of girls with idiopathic structural scoliosis the height, weight and age at menarche were studied. It was found that the girls were on the average taller than a control population and that except for the most severe cases their height was greater even if the trunk shortening caused by the deformity was not accounted for. The girls with scoliosis were also somewhat leaner. They did not deviate in age at menarche from normal girls in Sweden but there was a positive relationship between the age at diagnosis of the deformity and the age at menarche. When assessed together with previous data on the subject of height in children with scoliosis in Sweden it must be concluded that children with this deformity have a growth pattern which deviates significantly from that of the normal population. PMID- 1136741 TI - Late diagnosis dislocation of the hip joint in children. AB - Dating from 1953, the hips of newborn have been examined routinely all over Sweden. In 1963 more than 99 per cent of all newborns (about 110,000) were delivered at maternity departments, where such examination was recommended. 615 cases of preluxation or dislocation were diagnosed, which means a frequency of 5.6 per thousand. A high frequency reported in some hospitals suggests overdiagnosis. To assess to what extent the examination of newborns has reduced the frequency of late diagnosis dislocation and dysplasia, extracts of the records were obtained concerning all infants born in 1963 and treated for dislocation of the hip in 1963-1966 at orthopaedic departments in Sweden. Twenty seven reported cases were analysed and the children were reviewed after 4-10 years. Fourteen (52 per cent) of the children were found to have normal or practically normal hips at the review. Eight still had dysplasia with subluxation and 3 had substantially deformed joints, one had moderate deformity and one, untreated, still had luxation. Possible causes of late diagnosis are discussed and it is stressed -- that all physicians who examine newborns should be well versed in examination of the hip joints.--that the hip joints should, when possible, be examined on two occasions during the first weeks of life, especially newborns predisposed to dislocation owing to heredity, breech presentation or different kinds of malformations.--that it should be borne in mind that complete luxation, though rare, may exist already in the neonatal period,--that one should not forget to examine the hips of newborns who, because of prematurity, asphyxia etc., are referred immediately for intense treatment before routine examination of the hips has been carried out,--that a child health centes one should not rely on the results of the examination during the neonatal period, but should always examine the hip joints. PMID- 1136740 TI - The proportion of legs to trunk in girls with idiopathic structural scoliosis. AB - The sitting height and its relationship to total height was compared for 164 girls with idiopathic adolescent structural scoliosis and 201 age-matched healthy controls. It was demonstrated that although girls with scoliosis were taller than controls the relationship between trunk and legs was undisturbed. PMID- 1136742 TI - [Complications in the use of osteotaxis]. PMID- 1136743 TI - Internal fixation in fractures of the hand and fingers. PMID- 1136744 TI - [Results of treatment of 72 cases of Pott's disease. Value of conservative treatment]. PMID- 1136745 TI - [Repair of large open holes in the knee joint by transposition of gemellus lateralis]. PMID- 1136746 TI - [Reconstruction of the amputated thumb by pollicisation of the remaining digits in the child]. PMID- 1136747 TI - [Longitudinal shortening of the extensor proprius in neglected mallet-finger]. PMID- 1136748 TI - [Resection of the hip. Clinical and electromyokinesigraphic study]. PMID- 1136749 TI - [Experimental reserach on the vascularization of the pseudoarthroses of the long bones]. PMID- 1136750 TI - Unstable intertrochanteric fractures. PMID- 1136751 TI - [Treatment of severe and often open injuries of the lower limbs]. PMID- 1136752 TI - Humoral immunity in osteomyelitis and infectious arthritis. PMID- 1136753 TI - [Treatment of early postoperative infection following osteosynthesis]. PMID- 1136754 TI - Middle ear specific proteins in glue ears. AB - Two rabbits were immunized with a pool of mocoid secretion from glue ears. The ear fluids formed up to three specific protein precipitation lines with the absorbed immune serum. One of these proteins was identified as containing acid and another as containing neutral glycoproteins, the third component remained unidentified. The data bring out new evidence of the active secretory capacity of the middle ear mucosa in secretory otitis media. PMID- 1136755 TI - [Morphologic findings in the immunobiology of laryngeal cancer]. PMID- 1136756 TI - Relationship between the vegetative innervation and the sensibility of the nasal mucosa. AB - Experimentally and clinically, we observed that the parasympathicomimetic reaction of the nasal mucosa was congruent with higher sensitivity of the nasal mucosa. The opposite is true of the sympathicomimetic reaction. The reason for this difference in reaction is connected with the transmitting agent of the vegetative system. This is shown in the provocation of intradermal reaction of different allergens by these transmitting agents. PMID- 1136757 TI - Nasal mucosa in the iron deficient state. A clinical and electron-microscopic study. AB - Good results of iron therapy obtained in ozena patients with significantly lowered serum iron level encouraged studies on the pathogenesis of the disease. In electron microscopic examinations, special attention was paid to the considerable disintegration of connective-tissue stroma in the mucosa. In some connective-tissue cells ferruginous micelles were found in the mitochondrial matrix. Mitochondrial deposits may be a morphological expression of disturbed iron metabolism at subcellular levels. PMID- 1136758 TI - Ultrastructural study of the human utricular macula and vestibular nerve in meniere's disease. AB - The authors have carried out an ultrastructural study of the human utricular macula and the vestibular nerve in the internal acoustic meatus of four patients suffering from Meniere's disease. They confirm the presence of degenerative alterations in the utricular sensory epithelium. The nervous fibers situated in the supporting connective tissue of the neuro-epithelium showed modifications in the Schwann cell cytoplasm and in the arrangement of the myelin sheaths. The same alterations appear in the vestibular nerve in the internal acoustic meatus in 2 of our cases. In the other 2, the vestibular nerve was formed by a granular matrix with several myelin figures in the proximity of possible Schwann cell nucleus debris. PMID- 1136759 TI - Morphogenesis and ultrastructure of the mouse embryonic salivary gland in tissue culture. Normal, and following exposure to trypsin. AB - The primordial submandibular glands of 12-day-old mouse embryos were studied in tissue culture before and after treatment with trypsin under the electron microscope. In vitro differentiation proceeded normally and reached a high level of differentiation. Following a soak in trypsin for 15 or 30 minutes, considerable changes were noted in the basal lamina and in the mesenchymatous cells. There often occurred bizarre bullous protrusions of the cytoplasm through the apparently weakened basal lamina and the mesenchymatous cells were converted into so-called "ropalocytes". Subsequently the cells regained their normal appearance and the basement lamina was covered by a thick layer of amorphous electron-opaque basement membrane like material. It is concluded that the basal lamina (the basement membrane under the light microscope) might be the keystone in the differentiation of an organ and its maintenance in the adult. The development of innervation has also been studied and it was shown that the developing submandibular galnd is endowed with large bundles of nerve axons surrounded by Schwann cells lying in the epithelial-mesenchymal region. Intra epithelial nerves were conspicuous and occasional synaptic bars or rings could be seen contributing to thedifferentiation of the secretory cell. PMID- 1136760 TI - Effect of physical exercise upon nystagmus and locomotor dysequilibrium after labyrinthectomy in experimental primates. AB - Spontaneous nystagmus and locomotor equilibrium function were repeatedly tested before and after unilateral labyrinthectomy in 12 squirrel monkeys in order to study the effect of physical exercise on the vestibulo-oculomotor and vestibulo locomotor compensation. Post-operatively, 6 of the monkeys received forced physical exercise in the rotating cage, while the other 6 did not. The provocation of post-operative spontaneous nystagmus was less in the exercise group. The statistical studies showed a certain contribution of physical exercise toward the oculomotor balance compensation and maintenance, probably at the level of the brain stem. Statistical comparison of the locomotor equilibrium performance did not depict a significant difference between the exercise and non exercise groups; however, there was a possibility that the present testing maneuver which involves physically advanced tasks might have concealed the effect of the physical exercise. PMID- 1136761 TI - The role of viral infection in acute peripheral facial palsy. AB - Thirty-three patients with acute non-traumatic peripheral facial palsy were studied. In one patient, varicella-zoster virus was isolated from CSF. Antibody against the same virus was present in CSF, and rising titre was demonstrated in serum. In two cases, herpes virus hominis was isolated from the nasopharynx. CF antibody tests indicated recent viral infection in 7 other cases. One additional patient had clinical signs of herpes zoster oticus. In most of these 11 patients, but also in the majority of the remaining 22 patients, an acute phase reaction was present, and serum and CSF immunoglobulins were increased. Thus, an active or recent infection (probably viral) seemed to precede or coincide with the facial palsy in most cases in both groups. PMID- 1136762 TI - Auditory fatigue in patients with stapedius muscle paralysis. AB - Experiments were performed in 18 patients with peripheral facial palsy (Bell's palsy) including unilateral stapedius muscle paralysis. After exposure to narrow band noise centered at 0.5 kHz temporary threshold shift at 0.75 kHz was significantly higher in the ear with paralysis than in the normal ear. After exposure to 2.0 kHz narrow band noise there was no difference in TTS at 3.0 kHz between affected and non-affected ear. It was concluded that the stapedius reflex has a protective function against low frequency sound exposure and suggested that this protection might be extended to higher frequencies only when high frequency noise also contains low frequency components. PMID- 1136763 TI - Flight behaviour of pigeons during weightlessness. AB - Pigeons were subjected to weightlessness caused during parabolic flight in an airplane. Experiments were performed with these birds in their normal state, as well as in conditions with hooded eyes, with the legs bound, and a combination of both handicaps. In all these situations, the flight behaviour of the birds was observed. The results are discussed and comparisons are made with the behaviour of man and fish under similar conditions. PMID- 1136764 TI - Some aspects of upper respiratory tract reflexes. AB - Respiratory and cardiovascular reflexes have been elicited from receptors in the nose and larynx in the anaesthetized dog. Cigarette smoke in the nose causes reflex apnoea, bradycardia and vasoconstriction, probably due to systemic absorption through the nose. Stimulation of laryngeal nerve also results in reflex apnoea, bradycardia, and limb vasoconstriction. When asphyxia supervenes due to apnoea, stimulation of the carotid body chemoreceptors occurs which normally cause, as primary effects, hyperpnoea and bradycardia. However, it has been shown that stimulation of the laryngeal receptors inhibits the carotid body respiratory reflex and facilitates the carotid body cardio-inhibitory reflex, the latter leading to temporary cardiac arrest. The clinical implications of this finding are discussed. PMID- 1136765 TI - Normal and pathological adaptation of compound viii nerve responses in the guinea pig. AB - Adaptation of VIII nerve compound action potentials in response to trains of broad frequency spectrum clicks and high frequency filtered clicks is studied at various intensities in normal guinea pig under normal conditions, while masking with white noise and under pathological conditions after ototoxic antibiotic treatment. The results are discussed with respect to the clinical electro cochleographic adaptation studies in man and the so-called two populations of receptors and nerve fibres in the cochlea. PMID- 1136766 TI - Clearance of middle ear effusions by the mucociliary system. AB - There are two extreme types of middle ear effusion leading to hearing loss (a) a rubber-like effusion seen in secretory otitis media and (b) a water-like effusion seen in serous otitis media. The possibility is considered that the degree of crosslinking in these two extreme cases is the basis of an altered mucus transport rate that leads to an accumulation of effusions and hence impaired hearing. It has been shown (King et al., 1974) that the requisite rheological property for transport activity is not unique to mucus structural macromolecules but is found with other polymeric systems that are loosely crosslinked e.g. guaran, polyacrylamide, gelatin and agarose. Studies on one of these systems guaran, indicate that the transport rate is dependent on the degree of crosslinking with a maximum rate found close to the gel point, i.e. in a region where there are very few crosslinks per macromolecule. The finding that mucus from different mucociliary epithelial sources involves a chemically similar structural glycoprotein suggests that differences observed in transport rate between various mucus samples are more likely due to differences observed in transport rate between various mucus samples are more likely due to differences in crosslinking than chemical variations of the glycoprotein units. PMID- 1136767 TI - Electrocochleography (ecog) in sensorineural deafness. AB - We examined 340 normal ears and cases of sensorineural deafness with electrocochleography using click stimuli (duration: 0.5 standard deviation of a population; repetition rate: plus or minus 10/sec; N=1 000, alternately positive and negative; analysis time: 31 standard deviation of a population). The latency of N-1 is a function of the sound pressure level and of the age of the subject. The intensity of N-1 (in mu-v) is a function of hearing level and is influenced by the presence of recruitment. The pure-tone audiogram is a function of the ECOG threshold and of the shape of the reaction obtained at maximal stimulation intensity. PMID- 1136768 TI - Electrocochleographic study of a case of lermoyez's syndrome. AB - A case of Lermoyez's syndrome was investigated by tone-burst electrocochleography in both a period of impaired hearing and in a period of almost normal hearing. The changes in threshold values, compound action potential waveforms, input output curves, and amplitude-latency curves for the compound AP, are described. The electrocochleographic data are compared with the psycho-acoustic data for this case and with electrocochleographic results in a group of 22 Meniere cases. Although the symptoms of vertogo and hearing impairment in Lermoyez's syndrome occur in the reverse sequence, as compared with the classical Meniere attack, the data obtained in this case of Lermoyez's syndrome do not differ substantially from those obtained in a group of Meniere cases. PMID- 1136769 TI - [A study of the minimization of a measurement grid in audiometry]. PMID- 1136770 TI - Resting potentials in the inner sulcus and tunnel of corti. AB - Under constant visual guidance and closed-circuit television monitoring, electrodes are inserted into the fluid spaces of the organ of Corti. The resting electrical potentials are determined with respect to the neutral voltage of the guinea pig and related to other potentials of the auditory labyrinth. The resting potential of the subtectorial space, inner sulcus, tunnel and other spaces of Corti's organ are found to be the same as, or slightly more negative than the potential of perilymph. The tectorial membrane isolates the reticular lamina from endolymph which fact, when considered along with other evidence, indicates a more biophysical than mechanical role for the membrane. A motion picture is presented showing the cells and spaces of the organ of Corti and the placement of electrodes. PMID- 1136771 TI - The role of the binaural test in filtered speech audiometry. AB - The value of the binaural resynthesis test administered according to Matzker's principle can be estimated only when a comparable monaural test can be used as a control. The most common positive finding in the filtered speech test is asymmetrical discrimination. Both parts of the message delivered to either ear must therefore have the same intelligibility in normal material. Binaural intelligibility is highly resistant to degenerative changes in the auditory system, for example. Positive findings in the binaural test are encountered frequently in brain stem lesions with vascular or traumatic aetiology. PMID- 1136772 TI - Electronystagmography in the pathology of the central nervous system. AB - The program of the electronystagmographic examinations in the pathology of the central nervous system contains 11 groups of tasks. Sixty signs of central impairments are listed, from which 26 nystagmic irregularities had a small diagnostic value. No sign occuring alone could be taken as pathognomonic, only a group of signs can be used for the impairment localization. Besides for the peripheral vestibular and the peripheral vestibulocochlear impairments, the authors succeeded to make a group containing pathogomonic signs for mixed vestibular impairments as well as for multiple sclerosis affecting vestibular structures. PMID- 1136773 TI - Chronic glomerulonephritis accompanied by secondary hyperoxaluria. AB - A 32-year-old woman, patient of chronic glomerulonephritis whose total clinical course was 3 years. During this period intensive peritoneal and hemodialyses were performed. Autopsy revealed deposition of calcium oxalate in the kidneys and the other main organs as well as chronic glomerulonephritis. And it was thought that the patient was accompanied by secondary hyperoxaluria. PMID- 1136774 TI - Mechanism of the formation of megamitochondria induced by copper-chelating agents. I. On the formation process of megamitochondria in cuprizone-treated mouse liver. AB - Processes of the formation of cuprizone-induced megamitochondria in mouse liver have been studied in detail by electron microscopy. The earliest change observed was the presence of large intramitochondrial granules. The next stage was the formation of myelin figures by which mitochondria were apparently connected. The third stage was characterized by megamitochondria connected with each other by their outer membranes. Continuity of mitochondria were further examined by serial sections, and megamitochondria were proved to be connected to each other far more frequentlythan expected on one plane of section. A model for the mechanism of megamitochondrial formation is proposed based on electron microscopic evidences, involving the fusion of mitochondrial membranes. Possibility is also discussed that cuprizone-induced megamitochondria may fuse to one single branching mitochondrion. PMID- 1136775 TI - Study of the variation of urinary protein patterns referring to the histopathological changes in renal diseases. AB - Protein constituents of the concentrated urine prepared from 131 patients with various renal diseases were analysed by the use of electrophoretic and immunochemical methods, referring to histopathological findings of the kidney obtained from biopsy or autopsy. Excretion of macromolecular serum proteins in the urine would be promoted not only by the lesion in glomerular filtration but also by the damage in tubular structure due to severe inflammatory change. From the evaluation of levels of immunoglobulins and various autoantibodies in the blood and urine, there could be found that their increase in the urine was mostly associated with chronic persistent inflammatory reactions followed by destructive changes in parenchymal tissue of the kidney. Investigation of the features of urinary protein and activities of autoantibodies in the urine is likely to be advantageous for the differentiation or renal disease and the decision of condition in individual patient. However, it must be noted that variation of the urinary patterns is caused by more complicated pathologic changes in whole kidney rather than the disturbance of glomerular filtrating mechanism. PMID- 1136776 TI - A human malignant cell line established from ascites of patient with embryonal carcinoma of ovarium. AB - In our attempts at establishing a cancer cell line from various ascites of cancer bearing patients, a cell line was successfully established from the ascites of a 63-year-old female with primary ovarian tumor (embryonal carcinoma). Histological findings of the peritoneum, due to metastasis, appeared to be cystadenocarcinoma, revealing the differentiation to non-epithelial cells which formed coarse networks and fibers, and morphologic changes of tissue cultures also reflected such histologic findings. At present the subculture has reached the 95th population doubling level, and cultured cells have assumed the morphology of mesothelial cells or fibroblasts with about 50 chromosomes. As a human malignant cell line, it is useful for the study of human malignant tumor cell. PMID- 1136777 TI - Methaqualone metabolites. A mass spectrometric investigation of the monohydroxy derivatives of methaqualone. PMID- 1136778 TI - Penetration of organic compounds and ion pairs through nylon membranes. PMID- 1136779 TI - Bicyclic enamines. IX. Alkylations of some enaminoesters and lactones. PMID- 1136780 TI - An Auto Analyzer method for simultaneous determination of vitamin B1 and B2 in single tablets. PMID- 1136781 TI - Studies on granulation in a change can mixer. PMID- 1136782 TI - Proceedings: Pharmacokinetics: a basis for rational design, development and clinical application of drugs. PMID- 1136783 TI - Proceedings: Interpretation of pharmacokinetic results. PMID- 1136784 TI - Proceedings: Statistical considerations in the planning and analysis of pharmacokinetic experiments. PMID- 1136786 TI - Proceedings: Sources of error in the analysis of drugs and their metabolities in pharmacokinetic studies. PMID- 1136785 TI - Proceedings: Structural effects in pharmacokinetics and drug response. PMID- 1136787 TI - Proceedings: Choice of sensitivity and specificity in the analysis of drugs in biological fluids: use of electron capture-GLC, luminescence, and differential pulse polarographic analysis. PMID- 1136788 TI - Proceedings: Drug assay with radioactive reagents. PMID- 1136789 TI - Proceedings: Use of stable isotopes and GC-MS to measure kinetics in the steady state. PMID- 1136790 TI - Proceedings: The use of combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) together with deuterium labelling in a study of the disposition of d propoxyphene. PMID- 1136791 TI - Proceedings: Ion pair partition chromatography in the bioanalysis of drugs and drug metabolites. PMID- 1136793 TI - Proceedings: Pharmacokinetic and stereo-chemical studies on diethylpropion and related compounds in man. PMID- 1136792 TI - Proceedings: Prediction of steady-state plasma concentrations of digoxin. PMID- 1136794 TI - Proceedings: Nonlinear pharmacokinetics: single and chronic administration. PMID- 1136795 TI - Proceedings: Factors altering drug disposition in patients. PMID- 1136796 TI - Proceedings: Pharmacokinetical evaluation of morphine induced analgesia in the rat. PMID- 1136797 TI - Proceedings: Pharmacokinetics and biotransformation of 2-methyl-3-(4' chlorphenyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrido[2.3-d]pyrimidine(I), an aza analogue of methaqualone (II). PMID- 1136798 TI - Proceedings: Blood levels of bupivacaine in abstetric analgesia. PMID- 1136799 TI - Proceedings: Drug disposition during development. PMID- 1136800 TI - Proceedings: Presystemic hepatic elimination. PMID- 1136801 TI - Proceedings: "First-pass" effect and dose dependent availability as factors contributing to interindividual differences in equilibrium concentrations of alprenolol in man. PMID- 1136802 TI - Proceedings: Parameters suitable for assessing biliary excretion of drugs. PMID- 1136803 TI - Proceedings: Disposition of propoxyphene in children. PMID- 1136804 TI - Proceedings: Alterations in the response to warfarin. PMID- 1136805 TI - Proceedings: Plasma protein binding and kinetics of diphenylhydantoin in uraemic patients. PMID- 1136806 TI - Proceedings: Pharmacokinetics of pentobarbital in humans with special reference to blood cell and plasma protein binding. PMID- 1136807 TI - Proceedings: Application of a two-compartment model in the evaluation of the kinetics of nortriptyline in man. PMID- 1136808 TI - Proceedings: Kinetics of rifampicin and desacetyl-rifampicin in plasma, bile, and urine in humans and the effect of repeated administrations. PMID- 1136809 TI - Proceedings: Pharmacokinetics and the individual patient. PMID- 1136810 TI - Proceedings: Application of plasma level-response correlations to the assessment of drug and drug metabolite potency. PMID- 1136811 TI - Proceedings: Plasma levels and effects of antidepressants. PMID- 1136812 TI - Proceedings: Clinical pharmacokinetics of antiepileptic drugs. Quantitative variables of drug clearance used for the individual assessment of dosage regimens. PMID- 1136813 TI - Proceedings: Bioavailability and pharmacokinetic analysis of chlorpromazine in humans and animals using pharmacological data. PMID- 1136814 TI - Displacement of disturbing counter ions in ion pair partition chromatography. PMID- 1136815 TI - Partition chromatography of alkylammonium ions as ion pairs with beta naphthalenesulphonate. PMID- 1136816 TI - Structure-activity relationship of a weries of quaternary ammonium compounds on the urinary bladder in vitro. PMID- 1136817 TI - Thin-layer chromatography of ion pairs on impregnated layers. III. Straight phase systems, their efficiencies and use in screening of partition properties. PMID- 1136818 TI - The release of some substituted benzoic acids from micellar solutions of polysorbate 20. PMID- 1136819 TI - Extraction of tricyclic antidepressive amines as ion pairs with dihydrogen phosphate using hydrogen-bonding organic solvents. PMID- 1136820 TI - Synthesis of amino derivatives of 9,10-ethanoanthracene and 7 oxabicyclo(2.2.1)heptene. PMID- 1136821 TI - Synthesis of dioxatricyclohexadecane--a new polycyclic ring system. PMID- 1136822 TI - [Sulfonamides. I. Sulfonamide derivatives of pyrazole and pyrazolone-5]. PMID- 1136823 TI - [Selenazoles. I. Reactions of pyridine aldehyde 4-phenyl-selenosemicarbazones with alpha-chloroketones]. PMID- 1136824 TI - [Preparation and diuretic action of amine derivatives of maleic acids. I. Maleates of ethylenediamines]. PMID- 1136825 TI - [Effect of molecular structure of some alkaloids on their division in formamide systems]. PMID- 1136826 TI - [Determination of arsenic in pharmaceuticals following combustion by the Schoniger method]. PMID- 1136827 TI - [Photochemistry of photodynamic compounds. IV. Photolysis of sulfanilamide S-35 in aqueous solutions]. PMID- 1136828 TI - [Colorimetric determination of Fe(II) in pharmaceuticals with the aid of rutin]. PMID- 1136829 TI - [Conductometric and fluorometric assays of quinine in pharmaceuticals]. PMID- 1136830 TI - [Determination of Amidochin components following their separation by thin-layer chromatography]. PMID- 1136831 TI - [Analysis of a composed medicinal plaster with capsaicin and atropine. II. Determination of the capsaicin content]. PMID- 1136832 TI - [Preparations of suprarenal cortex hormones. II. Microcrystalline suspensions of cortisone acetate for injections]. PMID- 1136833 TI - [Release of drugs from tablets. I. Device estimating the release of drugs from tablets]. PMID- 1136834 TI - [Antibacterial activity of guanidine derivatives of trichloromethylamines]. PMID- 1136835 TI - [Pharmacological properties of some new derivatives of alpha-phenyl-alpha ethylglutaramide (gluthetimide)]. PMID- 1136836 TI - [Determination of rutin by the colorimetric method in Rutina and Rutinoscorbin following its chromatographic separation]. PMID- 1136837 TI - [Reactions of benzene and p-toluenesulfonates by hydrazines with p nitrobenzaldehyde and acetone]. PMID- 1136838 TI - [Synthesis of N,N'-dialkyl derivatives of ethylenediamine and trimethylenediamine 1,3]. PMID- 1136839 TI - [Letter: Use of ion pairs extraction in the determination of dialkylaminoethyl esters of diphenylhydroxyacetic acid and their salts]. PMID- 1136840 TI - Non-psychotic disorders in the families of process schizophrenics. AB - The present study was designed to test the hypothesis of "schizophrenic spectrum" disorders. The families of 60 process schizophrenics were systematically interviewed with structured interview forms, and evaluated for psychiatric illness according to strict diagnostic criteria. The interviewed persons were then separated into two groups for comparative analysis according to a positive (FH+) or negative (FH-) family history for schizophrenia. The frequencies of affective disorder and all non-psychotic conditions did not differ to a convincingly significant degree between the two groups. Our data thus fail to support the "schizophrenic spectrum" hypothesis in which neurosis and sociopathy occur as a consequence of a genetic loading for schizophrenia.? PMID- 1136841 TI - Quantitative rating of depressive states. AB - A step-by-step analysis of Beck's and Hamilton's rating scales showed that both scales failed to differentiate adequately between moderate and severe depression measured by a global clinical assessment. Each item of the scales was tested for calibration, ascending monotonicity, and dispersion parallel to the clinical assessment. Twelve items of Beck's scale and six items of Hamilton's scale were found valid with respect to these criteria. Those items should be taken into account in future research for baseline ratings and for change ratings of depressive states quantitatively. PMID- 1136842 TI - Mind and ulcer. AB - Among 2,619 patients admitted to a medical department for duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and ulcer dyspepsia without ulcer demonstrable by x-ray, admissions to psychiatric departments were investigated. A total of 20.4% of the patients had at some time during their lifetime been admitted, but no significant differences were observed in percentage among the three ulcer groups or the sexes. The incidence of psychoses was close to the expected, whereas neuroses among women and neuroses and psychopathy among men were far in excess of the expected. Among those operated on, the percentage of persons admitted to a psychiatric department was greater than among unoperated patients and their number of admissions per 100 observation years were significantly greater than for unoperated patients, within well-defined observation periods. For patients operated on, only men with duodenal ulcer had significantly more admissions per 100 observation years in the postoperative than in the preoperative period. The course of the disease was more severe for patients with duodenal and gastric ulcer admitted to a psychiatric department than for those not admitted, but the subjective status at the time of the follow-up did not differ between the two groups. Among men, there were a number of heavy drinkers, especially among those operated on. PMID- 1136843 TI - Presenile dementia: the difficulties of early diagnosis. AB - A follow-up of 35 patients first diagnosed as having presenile dementia at York Clinic is described. In only 15 cases did progressive deterioration confirm the diagnosis. A retrospective case note study of all the patients is described comparing the clinical features and results of special investigations of those patients in whom the diagnosis was confirmed in this way and those in whom it was not. The results of this study are used to illuminate some of the special difficulties in the early diagnosis of presenile dementia. PMID- 1136844 TI - [Radiologic changes in the acute form of Reiter's disease]. PMID- 1136845 TI - Histological changes of the structures in the temporal bone in hypothyrosis. PMID- 1136846 TI - [Clinical problem of alcoholic cirrhosis. II. Attempt at evaluation of individual laboratory findings in patients with liver cirrhosis in various stages of the disease]. PMID- 1136847 TI - Liver melanosis in a golden hamster with melanoma (an electron-microscopic and histochemical study). PMID- 1136848 TI - [Significance of single fraction, neutral 17-ketosteroid determination in liver diseases]. PMID- 1136849 TI - [Various parameters of serum enzyme activity in patients with malignant processes of the liver]. PMID- 1136850 TI - Resection of lef ventricular aneurysm-late results. AB - A survey of 22 patients operated on with left ventricular (LV) infarctectomy during 1967-72 is given. Clinical, haemodynamic and angiographic results are discussed. In most patients, in whom pre- and postoperative examination was possible, there was improvement concerning anginal pain, dyspnoea and attacks of ventricular tachycardia. Exercise studies revealed a lower heart rate at follow up. In general, heart size had decreased. Angiographically, there was a decrease in end-diastolic and end-systolic heart volume postoperatively, with an increased LV ejection fraction. PMID- 1136851 TI - Diazepam in cardioversion. AB - Diazepam has been used to an increasing extent in cardioversion, since avoiding general anaesthesia simplifier the procedure. The present study concerns the effect of diazepam on BP and blood gases in 13 cases of cardioversion. A moderate fall of both systolic and diastolic BP occurred. The arterial pO2 and pCO2 did not change significantly. PMID- 1136852 TI - Renal excretion of vancomycinin in kidney disease. AB - The renal climination of vancomycin has been determined in 18 patients. In 4 anuric patients in intermittent haemodialysis the dosage of vancomycin necessary to treat infection with penicillin-resistantstrains of Staphylococcus aureus was determined. In 14 patients with varying degrees of renal insufficiency vancomycin, creatinine and 125-iothalamate clearances were measured and found to be closely correlated. After administration of the initial vancomycin dose and attainment of the serum concentration desired, the maintenance dose can be calculated on the basis of the GFR. PMID- 1136853 TI - Monoclonal immunoglobulinaemia associated with glomerulopathy. AB - Four patients with benign monoclonal immunoglobulinaemia and associated glomerulopathy are described. Immunohistochemical investigations of the immunoglobulin-containing cells in the bone marrow revealed an unexpectedly pronounced predominance of monoclonal over polyclonal cells as typically seen in macroglobulinaemia and multiple myeloma, but in contrast to the malignant plasma cell proliferations the percentage of immunoglobulin-containing cells only constitued 6-12% of the nucleated cells. The possible pathogenetic mechanisms relating monoclonal immunoglobulinaemia and glomerulopathy are unknown. The sera did not contain antibodies to glomerular basement membrane, cryoglobulins, antinuclear factors or antiglobulins. The immunohistochemical technique certainly offers a clear advantage over conventional bone marrow cytology in the study of patients with monoclonal immunoglobulinaemia. PMID- 1136854 TI - The effect of norepinephrine and theophylline on blood glucose, plasms FFA, plasma glycerol and plasma insulin in normal subjects. AB - The plasma concentrations of free fatty acids (FFA), glycerol and insulin as well as the blood glucose concentration have been followed in two groups of subjects after infusions of theophyllamine. Each individual was examined twice. The 5 subjects in group 2 were given an infusion of norepinephrine before the theophyllamine at one of the examinations and saline at the other. The 6 subjects in group II were given an infusion of norephinephrine at both examinations, followed by theophyllamine on one occasion and by saline on the other. Thus, the subjects in both groups served as their own controls. It was found that theophyllamine caused lipid mobilization, as measured by the plasma FFA and plasma glycerol concentrations, both when given as the only active drug and when given after norepinephrine. The blood glucose concentration rose slightly after norepinephrine and the plasma insulin level increased concomittantly. When theophylline was given as the only active drug, there was no increase in the blood glucose but the plasma insulin concentration rose slightly. PMID- 1136855 TI - Portal and cubital serum insulin during oral, portal and cubital glucose tolerance tests. AB - Oral, intracubital, and intraportal glucose tolerance tests have been performed on 7 non-obese non-diabetics, and glucose and insulin concentrations have been followed in the peripheral and portal blood. A significant rise in portal glucose and insulin was found 1/2-2 min after oral glucose intake. There was no lag between the rise in insulin and glucose concentrations. The portal glucose concentration after oral glucose intake was significantly higher than after cubital glucose infusion for 45 min, although the peripheral glucose concentrations were identical. In the cubital vein the insulin concentration after oral glucose intake was significantly higher than after i.v. glucose infusion, but in the portal blood there was no difference. After portal glucose infusion the cubital insulin concentration did not differ significantly from the concentration after i.v. glucose infusion. Thus, it seems unlikely that a high portal glucose concentration is responsible for the higher peripheral insulin concentration after oral glucose intake. A high portal glucose concentration does not seem to influence the hepatic uptake or release of glucose. PMID- 1136856 TI - Removal of exogenous triglycerides in human forearm muscle and subcutaneous tissue. AB - The removal of exogenous triglyceride (TG) in forearm muscle and subcutaneous tissue of 7 healthy male volunteers has been studied by nephelometric determinations of arterial-deep venous (a-dv) and arterial-superficial venous (a sv) differences in concentration of fat particles. Exogenous TG was administered as a constant i.v. infusion of Intralipid over a period of 30 min at reat and another 15 min during forearm work. At rest a significant positive a-dv difference in fat particle concentration of 121 plus pr minus 21 mumol TG/l (mean plus or minus S.E.M.) was found, which correspondens to a fractional extraction of 1093 plus or minus 2.0%. Also the a-sv difference was significant, 81 plus or minus 14 mumol TG/l, 5.7 plus or minus 0.8% of the arterial concentration. During exercise no further significant removal was found. Thus both skeletal muscle and subcutaneous tissue seem to be able to remove exogenous TG in substantial amounts under resting conditions. In the exercising muscle, however, the direct removal of exogenous TG does not seem to be of significant importance. PMID- 1136857 TI - Association between a low adipose tissue content of polyunsaturated fatty acids and both glucose intolerance and hypertriglyceridemia in apparently healthy men. AB - The fatty acid spectrum of adipose tissue (AT) lipids has been determined in 43 apparently healthy men with different levels of plasma triglycerides (TG) and different degrees of glucose tolerance (GT). Compared to men with normal plasma TG levels those with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) had a similar percentage of linoleic acid (18:2) but lower amount of fatty acids, tentatively identified as linolenic (18:3) and arachidonic (20:4) acid. Men with HTG also had lower k values for the i.v. GT. The content of 18:3 and 20:4 was positively correlated to the k-value of the GT and negatively to plasma TG. These correlations were independent of each other. As usual there was a negative correlation between plasma TG levels and the k-value, which however disappeared after partial correlation analysis when 18:3 was kept constant. Apparently a low content of 18:3 in AT is common both in HTG and glucose intolerance (GI) and might partly explain the often seen association between these two metabolic abnormalities. Since the content of 18:2 was normal it is suggested that the low amount of 18:3 and 20:4 was caused by metabolic rather than dietary factors. The possibility that a low content of 18:3 and 20:4 might play a role in the pathogenesis of GI and HTG is discussed. PMID- 1136858 TI - Polymorphic acetylation of procaine amide in healthy subjects. AB - The acetylation of procaine amide has been studied by means of gas liquid chromatography in 33 healthy human volunteers. The acetylator phenotype was determined by measuring unchanged and acetylated sulphapyridine in urine. Slow acetylators of sulphapyridine excreted significantly less procaine amide in acetylated from in the urine than rapid acetylators (9 plus or minus 1% against 19 plus or minus 4%). Hence, it is suggested that the acetylation of procaine amide is subject to the same genetic polymorphism as that of isoniazid and some sulfonamides. PMID- 1136859 TI - Acetylator phenotype and the antihypertensive response to hydralazine. AB - Twenty-three out-patients with mild or moderate essential hypertension have been treated with a combination of hydralazine (37.5-150 mg daily) and oxprenolol (60 mg daily). Before treatment the patients were phenotyped for polymorphic acetylation by means of the sulphamethazine test: 12 proved to be slow and 11 rapid acetylators. A significant correlation was found between daily doses of hydralazine and the plasma hydralazine levels, separately in slow (r=0.480) and in rapid (r=0.580) acetylators. The antihypertensive response to hydralazine correlated well to plasma hydralazine levels. The mean fall of BP in slow acetylators was 33/23 mmHg in supine and 20/18 mmHg in standing position. The corresponding values in rapid acetylators were 22/15 and 21/15 mmHg. The average daily doses of hydralazine needed for these responses were 1.3 mg/kg in slow and 1.6 mg/kg in rapid acetylators. To reduce the systolic BP by 20 mmHg, 1.0 mg/kg of hydralazine was needed in slow acetylators; rapid acetylators needed a significantly higher dose of 1.4 mg/kg. During a follow-upof 1 year there have been virtually no side-effects. The results tally with the previous finding of Zacest and Koch-Weser, who demonstrated a similar correlation during the triple drug regimen. It seems as if hypertensive patients can be succesfully treated with hydralazine and beta-blocking drug without knowledge of the patient's acetylator phenotype. However, acetylator status is a determinant of tissue levels and long-term toxicity of hydralazine, and patients should be phenotyped because beta-blockers may mask the warning side-effects. PMID- 1136860 TI - The urinary excretion of trace elements before and during treatment with hydralazine. AB - Urinary excretion of antimony, arsenic, bromine, cadmium, caesium, cobalt, copper, gold, iron, mercury, molybdenum, ribidium, scandium, selenium, silver, tungsten and zinc from five hypertensive patients beforeand during treatment with hydralazine has been investigated. The method consisted of neutron activation analysis combined with a recently developed ion exchangee technique. The mean copper excretion during treatment with hydralazine was found to be more than twice that before treatment. PMID- 1136861 TI - Fever and haemolysis in Hodgkin's diseases. AB - One hundred and four patients with Hodgkin's disease have been studied retrospectively in order to evaluate the relationship between fever associated with the disease (Pel-Ebstein type) and the development of anaemia. In the material 19 episodes of fever were found to be of this type. The mean loss of Hb during a fever period was 14% (range 2-33). From the rate of decrease in Hb it was deduced that this was at least partly caused by an increased destruction of erythrocytes. There was a significant correlation between the thermal exposure (expressed either as the duration of fever, the maximum body temperature during the fever period, or the sum of the temperature maxima) and the degree of erythrocyte loss. The loss of Hb was self-limited in spite of persistent fever. Furthermore, there seemed to be an inverse relationship between the degree of preexisting anaemia and the fever-induced relative loss of Hb. A possible explanation is that the older part of the erythrocyte population is more sensitive to the effect of fever. PMID- 1136862 TI - Therapeutic effect of Leo 1031, an alkylating corticosteroid ester, in lymphoproliferative disorders. I. chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. AB - Leo 1031, a chlorambucil ester of prednisolone, has been administered orally to 15 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) continuously for 1-29 months (mean 12.5). Seven patients were previously untreated and eight had been treated with prednisolone, radiotherapy and/or alkylating agents. The initial daily dose was generally 8-16 mg and the maintenance dose was 6-8 mg. Allopurinol was given concurrently. In 14 of 15 patients a reduction of the leucocyte count was observed and a reduction, in most instances, of lymphadenopathy or splenomegaly, or both. In seven patients the Hb concentration was improved. Significant toxic effects on bone marrow function have been observed in one patient. Two patients developed urticaria. Our study suggests that the drug is effective in the treatment of CLL. PMID- 1136863 TI - Renin-secreting renal tumour with severe hypertension. case report with tumour renin analysis, histopathological and ultrastructural studies. AB - A 25-year-old man presented with severe hypertension associated with hypokalemia, elevated plasma renin level and secondary hyperaldosteronism. Malignant phase hypertension and renal artery stenosis were ruled out, and a preoperative diagnosis of renin-secreting renal tumour was made on the basis of higher concentrations of renin in the left than in the right renal venous plasma in spite of normal findings on selective renal arteriography. By removal of the affected kidney the tumour was found and it had a very high content of renin. Following the operation the plasma renin level, serum aldosterone concentration and BP became normal. We present a histopathological description and an ultrastructural study of the tumour. PMID- 1136864 TI - Prefrontal lesions and avoidance reflex differentiation in dogs. AB - The effects of bilateral partial prefrontal lesions on go-no go differentiation with symmetrical or asymmetrical reinforcement trained by the avoidance procedure were investigated. Moderate impairment of these tasks was observed after large lateral or medial prefrontal lesions, while severe impairment after a deep incision of the fibers in the specific prefrontal region. It is suggested that the mechanism of avoidance differentiation is of a symmetrical type, which is directly related to the "motor act differentiation" but not to the drive-no drive differentiation. PMID- 1136865 TI - Salivary reactions in dogs with dorsomedial amygdalar lesions. AB - In dogs with chronic parotid fistula, conditioned salivary reactions reinforced by food were established. After bilateral lesions of the dorsomedial part of the amygdaloid complex, the conditioned salivary reactions were greatly diminished. Also the unconditioned salivation decreased. This decrease was greater in dogs which revealed the whole syndrome of amygdalar aphagia, but it was also evident in hypophagic dogs. In some dogs, the disinhibition of the salivation to negatives CS was also observed. Results show that the dorsomedial amygdala, similarly to lateral hypothalamus, is involved in the regulation of salivary reactions. PMID- 1136866 TI - A failure to train the "same-different" differentiation of photic stimuli in dogs. AB - Dogs were unable to learn "same-different" differentiation of pairs of photic stimuli when continuous light (CL) and pulsing light (PL) were presented in four combinations: CL-PL and PL-CL served as S(D) (positive instrumental conditioned stimulus), whereas CL-CL PL-PL were S delta (inhibitory stimulus). Also the dogs which have learned this task with tones were unable to transfer to photic stimuli. Differentiation of the single stimuli (CL and PL) as S(D) and S(delta) was quite easy and showed that the stimuli were readily discriminable. PMID- 1136867 TI - Transfer of the "same-different' differentiation task in dogs. AB - Four dogs, previously trained to perform on the "same-different" differentiation with tones transfered readily to the same task with new stimuli of the same (auditory) modality. The data are interpreted as an support for the "matching" hypothesis and a disproof of the notion of "conditioned switching". PMID- 1136868 TI - Light-sound interaction in the neurons of the rabbit's visual cortex. AB - One hundred cells of the visual cortex were studied using flashes, clicks and light-sound combinations with different delays. Forty nine neurons changed the total number of spikes to click stimulation. Twenty eight cells responded to clicks with specific response pattern. In 23 cells the initial discharge occurred at 60-70 ms after the onset of clicks. In 39 cells the responses to light-sound combinations differed from the responses to flashes. While 16 cells decreased their responses, the addition of sound increased firing in 23 cells. The specific modification of the light-evoked responses under acoustic stimulation were classified into three main categories: 22 cells generated new response patterns, 18 cells showed a re-distribution of peaks in the PTS histogram and three cells demonstrated a desynchronization of the spike discharge. The study of the heteromodal recovery cycle revealed that the majority of the cells increased their firing during 0-100 ms and decreased firing during 200-300 ms of the response time scale. The critical delays between light and sound, resulting in the modification of the response for the majority of the cells, were within 100 ms in both directions. PMID- 1136869 TI - Single-unit responses to natural objects in area 19 of cats with different early visual experiences. AB - Cats deprived of pattern vision with hoods and normal cats were used. During the first 3 months of life some hood-reared cats had visual experience with a three dimensional cross or a ping-pong ball. Recording were performed in adult cats with a pretrigeminal brainstem transection. Unit responses to the cross and the ball were recorded in area 19 within the projection of area centralis. Stimulus dominance of the exposed object was manifested weakly. Both exposed and control objects activated more units in the experienced hood-reared cats than in hood reared and normal controls. Compared with previous finding, the present results indicated that early visual experience affects area 19 differently than areas 17 and 18. PMID- 1136870 TI - Kinins and central effects of the acetylcholine. AB - The interaction between kinins formed in central nervous system and acetylcholine was studied. Endogenous ACh in excess acted psychodepressively on the animal's behavior as evaluated with Lat's test. This effect was more intense in those rats in which the activity of kinin-forming enzymes in the nervous tissue had been increased with either kallikrein or bradykinin. Both kallikrein and bradykinin intensified the psychodepressive action of exogenous ACh given into the brain ventricle. Results show that kinins can enhance the inhibitory central action of ACh. PMID- 1136871 TI - The effects of trypsin-degradation products of albumin on the activity of the central nervous system. AB - The investigations deal with the pharmacological activity of albumin degradation products. The peptides which resulted from 30 min trypsin digestion of human albumin exhibited some kinin-like effects. The peptides given intraperitoneally and intraventricularly revealed a central inhibitory action, the strength of which was similar to kinin effects. PMID- 1136872 TI - The mechanoreceptors of the mammalian skin ultrastructure and morphological classification. PMID- 1136873 TI - The development of the lymphatic system in man. PMID- 1136874 TI - The site of functional right bundle branch block in the intact canine heart. PMID- 1136875 TI - Electrophysiological studies on intraventricular aberrant conduction. PMID- 1136876 TI - Concept of left hemiblocks revisited. A histopathological and experimental study. PMID- 1136877 TI - Repolarization changes in left anterior hemiblock. PMID- 1136878 TI - Left posterior hemiblock. PMID- 1136879 TI - The anatomic base of the electrocardiographic abnormality left bundle branch block. PMID- 1136880 TI - Contribution of the his bundle recording to the diagnosis of bilateral bundle branch conduction defects. AB - The participation of intraventricular conduction defects in the AV delays and blocks has been investigated by His bundle electrogram recording in 239 patients with different degrees of AV blocks and QRS enlargement (greater than 0.12 sec). In absence of PR prolongation, the His bundle electrogram can demonstrate intraventricular conduction delay (HV superior to 55 msec) with an increasing frequency in right bundle branch block and right bundle branch with left axis deviation, left bundle branch block and right bundle block with right axis deviation. In cases of first-degree AV block (PR greater than 0.20 sec) delay within the His bundle is present in 20% of the cases and HV prolongation, isolated or associated with an upper conduction defect is demonstrated in 66% of the cases. Second-degree AV block with QRS enlargement in the conducted beats is due to a subnodal lesions of the conducting tissue in 80% of the cases. Wenckebach phenomenon and bundle branch block is as frequent above as below the site of His bundle electrogram recording. Mobitz II block has always an infranodal localization. Third-degree AV block with wide QRS complexes is the consequence of a lesion within the His bundle in 11% and of a complete bilateral bundle branch block in 78% of the cases. Exploration of the AV conduction in acute myocardial infarction with AV block confirms the usual bilateral bundle branch lesion in anterior myocardial necrosis and the AH localization of the AV block in posterior myocardial infarction even in presence of enlarged QRS complexes. Unidirectional block occurs in 19 of the 82 cases of complete anterograde bilateral bundle branch block, with retrograde conduction to the atria in 11 and concealed retrograde conduction in 8 cases. PMID- 1136881 TI - Appraisal of the intraventricular conduction defects as studied by his bundle recordings. PMID- 1136882 TI - Recent advances in ventricular conduction. PMID- 1136883 TI - Combined his bundle electrography and timed vectorcardiography. Left bundle branch conduction abnormalities. PMID- 1136884 TI - Observations on the qrs complex in the wolff-parkinson-white syndrome. PMID- 1136885 TI - Mechanisms determining the ventricular rate in wolff-parkinson-white arrhythmias. AB - In patients with WPW syndrome the maximal ventricular rate attained during ectopic rapid supraventricular thythms depended on the type of arrhythmia as well as on the physiological properties of the AP. During reciprocating tachycardias the impulse is almost invariably conducted to the ventricles through the AV node. Therefore, the maxiaml ventricular rate is a function of the AV nodal ERP. On the other hand, when atrial flutter or atrial fibrillation were present the ventricular rate could be moderately elevated (when the ERP of the AP was longer than that of the AV node) or very rapid where the ERP of the AP was significantly short. Therefore, from the electrophysiological viewpoint, the AP appears to behave as His-Purkinje tissue in some cases and as ordinary artrial muscle in other patients. These assumptions await further documentation. PMID- 1136886 TI - Effect of drugs in the wolff-parkinson-white syndrome. AB - Electrical stimulation of the heart, using the single test stimulus method, gives the opportunity to study the mechanisms of tachycardias and the effect of drugs on these mechanisms directly in the heart of the patient with the WPW syndrome. Using these methods the effect of digitalis, procainamide, quinidine, ajmaline, lidocaine, propranolol and verapamil has been studied. Understanding of the mechanisms responsible for initiation and maintenance of tachycardias and the way in which they can be influenced by drugs should be of help in the treatment of the symptomatic patient with the WPW syndrome. PMID- 1136887 TI - Computer analysis of ventricular conduction defects. AB - Computer criteria for LAHB and LPHB were described together with limits of normal for ortogonal leads. These differ significantly from those used for conventional 12-lead ECG, indicating the need for specific LAHB and LPHB criteria in orthogonal electrocardiography. Multivariate analysis with a likelihood ratio test was used for the separation of records with conduction defects with and without MI. The total number of records was 847. The recognition rate for MI in the presence of LVCD was 66%. In the presence of RVCD, MI was diagnosed correctly in only 55%. This relatively poor result was probably due to the relatively large number of combinations of RCVD with LAHB or LPHB. PMID- 1136888 TI - Complete left bundle branch block with marked left axis deviation of qrs clinical and anatomical study. AB - In a series of 840 cases of unselected complete LBBB, 2 groups were compared with each other, one of 174 cases of complete LBBB with a QRS axis markedly deviated leftward, from minus50 to minus 90 degree (group A), the other 434 complete LBBB with a normal QRS axis included between minus20 and plus30 degree (group B). Group A differed from group B by the etiological predominance of primary cardiomyopathies, the lesser frequency of hypertensive and/or coronary heart disease, the rarity of idiopathic complete LBBB. It was commonly combined with marked enlargement of the X-ray heart shadow, with marked widening of QRS complex and had a definitely more severe prognosis. The anatomical study performed in 88 cases (52 group A, 36 group B) showed on thw whole a slightly more enlarged heart and a more marked left ventricular dilatation in group A. There were no differences in the state of the coronary arteries and in the frequency of myocardial infarction. Microscopical examination of the left bundle branch, performed in 42 cases (25 group A, 17 group B), showed the habitual and intense changes of the bundle branch, but without obvious difference between the 2 groups concerning the topographical distribution of the lesions. PMID- 1136890 TI - Clinical use of pacemakers in the treatment of conduction disturbances. PMID- 1136889 TI - Mechanism of action of antidysrhythmic drugs on ventricular conduction as studied with intramural electrodes. AB - Using the Durrer electrode needle to record the intramural electrogram and a standard peripheral electrocardiogram (ECG) lead as reference, the authors studied the action of 9 different drugs in the conduction system of dogs. The authors concluded that diphenylhydantoin and lignocaine would be useful in dysrhythmias related to increased excitability and perhaps increased automatism. Ajmaline and quinidine may be some of some interest in dysrhythmias due to conduction disturbances; and, finally, ajmaline, diphenylhydantoin, di isopyramide and quinidine may be useful in dysrhythmias due to focal re-entry. PMID- 1136891 TI - Concealed intraventricular conduction in the human heart. AB - Concealed intraventricular conduction is defined and the following classification of the manifestations of concealed conduction into the bundle branch system is proposed. 1. Trans-septal retrograde concealed intraventricular conduction responsible for (a) perpetuation of functional bundle branch block initiated by a premature supraventriculra impluse; (b) alternation of aberrant ventricular conduction in supraventricular bigeminy; (c) normalization of intraventricular conduction with acceleration or rate in bradycardia-dependent bundle branch block, and (d) prevention of the manifestation of Wenchbach periods of conduction in a bundle branch or fascicle. 2. Antegrade concealed intraventricular conduction responsible for (a) prevention of expected aberrant ventricular conduction when a short cycle follows a long one, and (b) exceptions to the "rule of bigeminy". 3. Retrograde concealed intraventricular conduction of a ventricular escape in association with unidirectional bundle branch or fasciular block responsible for (a) resumption of AV conduction in "paroxysmal AV block" with bundle branch block, and (b) facilitation (due to supernormality) of conduction in type II AV block due to bilateral bundle branch block. 4. Concealed intraventricular conduction of a premature ventricular impulse responsible for (a) initiation or termination of a re-entrant ventricular tachycardia; (b) resetting of an idioventricular pacemaker, and (c) pseudo-intraventricular or pseudo-AV block. PMID- 1136892 TI - Re-entry in the ventricles. PMID- 1136893 TI - Electral stimulation of the heart in the study of ventricular tachycardias. AB - Mechanisms of ventricular tachycardia in patients with chronic recurrent tachycardia and patients with acute myocardial infarction were studied by electrical stimulation of the heart. While re-entry was the most likely mechanism in chronic recurrent ventricular tachycardia, focal activity or re-entry in a very small area seemed to be responsible for ventricular tachycardia during acute myocardial infarction. PMID- 1136894 TI - Re-entry in the bundle branches studied by pacing techniques. PMID- 1136895 TI - Ventricular epicardial mapping in a case of left ventricular conduction disturbances due to an old myocardial infarction. PMID- 1136896 TI - Functional properties of the distal av conducting system. PMID- 1136897 TI - Aspects of the host-parasite relationship of plant-parasitic nematodes. PMID- 1136899 TI - ONCHOCERCA GUTTUROSA IN Danish cattle. Prevalence, geographic distribution and host-vector relationships. PMID- 1136898 TI - Energetics of ligand binding to proteins. PMID- 1136900 TI - Studies on pentagastrin-induced hypocalcaemia in lactating cows. PMID- 1136901 TI - Pulmonary phycomycosis in captive rock ptarmigan (lagopus mutus) and willow ptarmigan (lagopus lagopus) chicks. PMID- 1136902 TI - Selenium determinations in Danish swine affected with hepatosis dietetica. PMID- 1136903 TI - Giant cell reaction against the laminated membrane of echinococcus cysts in reindeer lungs. PMID- 1136904 TI - The occurrence of antibodies against staphylococcal deoxyribonucleases in bovine milk. PMID- 1136905 TI - A new thawing fluid for deep frozen boar spermatozoa. PMID- 1136906 TI - Interference between staphylococcus epidermidis (Se) and staphylococcus aureus (Sa) in the bovine udder. PMID- 1136907 TI - Pyrimidinyl nicotinic acid and cerebrocortical necrosis. PMID- 1136908 TI - Further studies on theophylline-induced hypocalcaemia in sheep. PMID- 1136909 TI - Factors affecting the hypocalcaemic response to protamine. PMID- 1136910 TI - Lipid mobilization in parturient cows. PMID- 1136911 TI - Alterations of rat brain lipids in methyl mercury intoxication. PMID- 1136912 TI - Cobalt metabolism in horse. Serum level and biosynthesis of vitamin B12. PMID- 1136913 TI - Cellular immunity to canine mammary tumor cells demonstrated by the leucocyte migration technique. PMID- 1136914 TI - The Rochester Method and the Florida School. PMID- 1136916 TI - Helping deaf children learn to solve addition and subtraction verbal problems. PMID- 1136915 TI - The sex role attitudes of deaf adolescent women and their implications for vocational choice. PMID- 1136917 TI - The effects of expansions on the communication rate of hearing impaired students. PMID- 1136918 TI - Knowledge of selected concepts obtained by an adolescent deaf population. PMID- 1136919 TI - Editorial: Directional considerations and proactive planning. PMID- 1136920 TI - The development and scope of a sociology of sport. PMID- 1136921 TI - From the clinic: reverse cuff on the drop foot brace. PMID- 1136922 TI - Take that tiger by the tail--but mind how you do it. PMID- 1136923 TI - Effects of enriched academic environment on scholastic achievement of culturally deprived pupils. PMID- 1136924 TI - Modification of oral reading disfluency by paced oral reading with subsequent fading of the pacing stimulus. A case report. PMID- 1136925 TI - Effects of training on maximal oxygen intake of middle-aged women. PMID- 1136926 TI - Relationship between static muscle strength and endurance: an interpretive review. PMID- 1136927 TI - From the clinic: trapeze strap. PMID- 1136928 TI - The scope of corrective therapy. PMID- 1136929 TI - The contribution of sports medicine to clinical cardiology. PMID- 1136930 TI - Urography in acute renal failure. PMID- 1136931 TI - Smoking and cardiovascular disease. PMID- 1136932 TI - Letter: Sinus rhythm after prolonged atrial fibrillation complicated by sinus arrest and syncope. PMID- 1136933 TI - Letter: Congenital absence of circumflex coronary artery. PMID- 1136934 TI - Etiology of right bundle-branch block pattern after surgical closure of ventricular-septal defects. AB - An incidence of 60 per cent of postoperative RBBB in the ECG's and available VCG's of 26 patients with isolated muscular VSD repaired was noted after ventriculotomy. In the 38 patients with VSD's near the membranous septum who underwent repair via the tricuspid valve, the incidence of postoperative RBBB was 44 per cent. Results suggested that either ventriculotomy or injury to the right bundle near the VSD can cause RBBB after surgical closure of the defect. Changes in the initial 0.02 second electrovectocardiographic forces in patients with postoperative RBBB were thought to result from central injury to the specialized conduction tissue supplying the interventricular septum. Peripheral RBBB, therefore, could be separated from central RBBB, by the appearance of the initial electrovectorcardiographic forces. For detection of these changes in initial forces, both the ECG recorded at 50 mm. per second and the Frank VCG were useful. PMID- 1136935 TI - Quinidine plasma concentration and exertional arrhythmia. AB - Quinidine gluconate was used to treat arrhythmia induced with maximal exercise testing. Twenty-nine subjects who had previously developed frequent premature contractions on testing were selected for further study. After a control maximal exercise test, quinidine (10 mg. per kilogram) in solution was given orally in a single dose, and two hours later the same test was repeated. Recurrence of premature contractions was completely prevented in five of the 19 subjects tested; suppression was better than the mean value in three others, and in 11 subjects it was below the mean value. The plasma concentration at two hours was 1.68 plus or minus 0.31 ug per milliliter, which is a therapeutic level. Raising the dose to 15 mg. per kilogram eliminated the premautre contractions in six subjects whose response to 10 mg. per kilogram had not been complete, but not in two others. Lowering the dose to 5mg. per kilogram lowered the plasma level to below the therapeutic level. No differences between the responses to the drug of the otherwise healthy subject and those with symptomatic heart disease could be found. Compared with the responses to the control tests, there were small but significant changes in the second test in heart rates, blood pressure, and duration of exercise. Aerobic working capacity estimated by Vo2max was unchanged. Mild toxic effects manifested by malaise and diarrhea were a common finding with both 10mg per kilogram and 15mg per kilogram of quinidine, but not with 5mg per kilogram. PMID- 1136936 TI - Electrophysiologic effects of isoproterenol on cardiac conduction system in man. AB - The effects of isoproternol (ISOP) on the functional properties of the A-V conduction system were studied in 16 patients using His-bundle recordings and the atrial extrastimulus technique. In all patients, ISOP at an infusion rate of 1 mcg. per minute resulted in sinus acceleration and enhancement of A-V nodal conduction, but had no effect on His-Purkinje conduction time. ISOP significantly decreased both functional and effective refractory periods of the A-V node. The relative refractory period of the His-Purkinje system decreased by a small amount in five patients in whom the parameter could be compared before and after the drug. PMID- 1136937 TI - Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome: mechanocardiographic study on the mechanical consequences of ventricular pre-excitation. AB - To elucidate the mechanical consequences of ventricular pre-excitation in patients with the W,W syndrome, electrical and mechanical events in the ventricles during anomalous pathway conduction and normal atrioventricular conduction were examined mechanocardiographically in 11 cases of Group A and 19 cases of Group B, in whom anomalous pathway conduction was stopped by procaine amide, resulting in normalization of conduction. Eight healthy persons were employed as a control group. In the control group, procaine amide had no significant effect on the mechanocardiographic values. In the WPW syndrome, significant prolongation of the P-X, P-J, P-T, P-C, P-I, P-Ao, and P-II intervals was induced by the drug. From the results of statistical analyses of measured values, it would appear that mechanical events in the ventricles were accelerated by ventricular pre-excitation but the extent of acceleration of the former was less than the extent of prematurity of the latter. The anomalous ventricular pre excitation occurred earlier in cases of Group B than in those of Group A, while initiation of ventricular contraction, atrioventricular valve closure, and aortic vlave opening were accelerated more in Group A. In one case of Group B, electrical phenomena could not be related to mechanical events. PMID- 1136938 TI - Velocity of contractile element shortening in constrictive pericarditis and the effect of pulsus paradoxus. AB - Force-velocity curves were constructed in nine patients with CP from a high fidelity LV pressure tracing and its simultaneously recorded first derivative. Vmax and peak Vce (Vpm) were calculated using the 2-element (Hill) or Voigt model; the curves were also constructed and Vmax measured using the 3-element Maxwell model. The measurements were compared with those in a group of four patients with CMO and with two control subjects. Measurements of the celerity of ventricular contraction--peak LVdp/dt, Max d/IP and Vmax (2-element model)--were reduced in CP and greatly reduced in CMO. The effect of beat-to-beat variations in preload during pulsus paradoxus on the indices of ventricular celerity was studied. Peak LVdp/dt and Vpm varied with the change in LVEDP: the change in Vmax was negligible using the 2-element (Hill) or Voigt model. The 3-element (Maxwell) model failed to discriminate between the three groups of patients and seems to be invalid at high LV end-diastolic pressures. PMID- 1136939 TI - Effects of dexamethasone on myocardial cells in the early phase of acute myocardial infarction. AB - Dexamethasone exerted no significant hemodynamic effect in sham-operated cats or in cats subjected to acute myocardial ischemia. However, the glucoccortcoid did normalize elevated S-T segments toward pre-ischemic values, and prevented much of the increase in plasma CPK activity following coronary artery ligation. Moreover, dexamethasone prevented loss of CPK activity and restricted the loss of lysosomal hydrolase within ischemic myocardial tissue. These data indicate that lysosomal disruption is an early consequence of myocardial ischemia and that treatment with dexamethasone prevents the loss of myocardial lysosomal and cellular enzymes as reflected in normalization of the ECG and plasma CPK activity of ischemic cats. In this way, dexamethasone may act to retard the spread of the developing infarct within the ischemic myocardium. PMID- 1136940 TI - Increasing the inotropic effect and toxic dose of digitalis by the administration of antikaliuretic drugs--further evidence for a cardiac effect of diuretic agents. AB - In prior studies, we have shown that the antikaliuretic drugs, triamterene and amiloride, through a direct cardiac effect reduce the loss of cardiac potassium induced by the administration of digitalis. Since loss of myocardial potassium is thought to underlie digitalis arrhythmias, this study was performed to determine whether triamterene and amiloride also extend the toxic dose and thus the therapeutic effect of digitalis. In twelve dogs, acetylstrophanthidin was infused (100 ug per minute) serially at 2.5-hour intervals. Trimterene (400 mg. in divided doses) was infused before the third acetylstrophanthidin infusion. This extended the dose required to produce a toxic arrhythmia by 110 per cent. In fourteen additional studies, nine dogs received 400 mg. of triamterene prior to the third acetylstrophanthidin infusion and five animals received 100 mg. of amiloride during the same period. In these fourteen studies, not only was the toxic dose of digitalis extended, but its inotropic effect (see article) (common peak developed isovolumic ventricular pressure) was also increased. These studies have demonstrated that through a cardiac effect, by reducing the digitalis induced loss of cardiac potassium, the potassium-sparing drugs, triameterene and amiloride, extend the toxic dose of digitalis and thus permit txtension of its inotropic activity. PMID- 1136941 TI - Atypical phonocardiographic presentation of a patient with congenital aortic insufficiency. PMID- 1136942 TI - The conduction system in rheumatoid arthritis with complete atrioventricular block. PMID- 1136943 TI - Pain associated with muscular activity. PMID- 1136944 TI - Editorial: Bacteremia, lumbar punctures, and meningitis. PMID- 1136945 TI - Infection and low birth weight in an industrialized society. PMID- 1136946 TI - Birth weight and psychomotor performance in rural Guatemala. PMID- 1136947 TI - Synergistic effects of maternal malnutrition and infection on the infant. Recommendations for prospective studies in man. PMID- 1136949 TI - Lumbar punctures and meningitis. AB - Four patients, with an additional seven from the literature, had meningitis following a lumbar puncture (LP) that disclosed normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Animal studies demonstrate that perforation of the meninges in the presence of bacteremia enhances the development of meningitis. Simultaneous blood culture should be obtained with all LPs. Regardless of the results of the initial LP, a second CSF examination is recommended in any patient whose clinical condition is deteriorating. If the initial blood culture is positive, a second LP should be strongly considered in all newborn and very young infants. PMID- 1136948 TI - Symposium on malnutrition and infection during pregnancy. Summary of the workshop conference. PMID- 1136950 TI - Picture of the month. Campomelic syndrome. PMID- 1136951 TI - Radiological case of the month. Superior mesenteric artery syndrome. PMID- 1136952 TI - Suppuration of the submandibular salivary glands in the neonate. AB - Suppurative sialadenitis is rare in the neonate and usually involves the parotid glands. Two cases are reported of suppuration of the submandibular gland in the newborn. Diagnosis was made by clinical signs of infection, appearance of a unilateral, erythematous submandibular mass, and expression of pus from the orifice of Wharton duct under the tip of the tongue. Gram stain, culture, and antibiotic sensitivity studies were done on the purulent material. Staphylococcus aureus grew in both cases and was sensitive to treatment with methicillin sodium. This report discusses the management of these cases, with speculation about the possible cause. To my knowledge, these are the only two cases found in the literature of suppurative submandibular sialadenitis occuring as an isolated lesion in the neonatal period. PMID- 1136953 TI - Cystic fibrosis and hypertrophic osteoarthropathy in children. Report of three cases. AB - Three patients with cystic fibrosis were noted to have swelling of knee and ankle joints during exacerbation of their lung disease. Synovial fluid was analyzed in one patient and the synovium underwent biopsy in another. These studies excluded other causes of arthritis but did not contribute any new information on the nature of secondary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy. Radiological examination of long bones confirmed the diagnosis of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy in all three patients. Since many patients with cystic fibrosis survive longer, more instances of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy are expected in the future. PMID- 1136954 TI - Letter: Fatal liver disease of unknown origin in two adolescent brothers. PMID- 1136955 TI - Letter: The Limulus test and gram-negative bacillary sepsis. PMID- 1136956 TI - Letter: Openings for pharmacists in other countries. PMID- 1136957 TI - Reconstitution of sodium nitroprusside. PMID- 1136958 TI - Editorial: Future pharmacy practice. PMID- 1136959 TI - Editorial: The computer: an unproven resource. PMID- 1136960 TI - Editorial: Standards for pharmacy residency training. PMID- 1136961 TI - Future health professional practice in America. AB - The changes which our health delivery system must undergo in order to respond to the health needs of our society by the year 2000 are presented. The discussion centers on two sets of forces: the necessity for institutionalization and the need for knowledge, information and understanding. Specialization as a means for division of labor among health professionals is predicted to increase. PMID- 1136962 TI - Role of the pharmacist in primary health care. AB - The provision of primary health care to a rural American Indian population by a pharmacist is discussed. The training and responsibilities of the pharmacist are described. An evaluation of the care provided by the pharmacist to 393 patients is presented. PMID- 1136963 TI - Flow rate maintenance and output of intravenous fluid administration sets. AB - Seven brands of intravenous fluid administration sets were studied to determine: (1)which set(s) maintained the most consistent flow rates; (2) if the type of fluid container (open, vented or closed, nonvented) affected the flow rates of administration sets; and (3) which set(s) closely approximated the theoretical amounts of fluid to be delivered in one hour at flow rates of 60,100 and 125 ml/hour. Six samples of each brand of administration set were tested in a laboratory setting which approximatedclinical conditions. The type of fluid container had little effect on the performance of the administration sets. The ARDL set was the most accurate in terms of the average volume of fluid delivered in 24 hours. The Burron set required fewer adjustments in 24 hours to maintain a constant flow rate. The U.S. Surgical set recordedthe smallest percent change in flow rate at the end of the first hour. The U.S. Surgical set is rated superior in overall performance. Based on the results of the study,the authors make recommendations to health care personnel, the pharmaceutical industry and the U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention. PMID- 1136964 TI - Medication errors in a multidose and a computer-based unit dose drug distribution system. AB - The medication error rates of a hospital's multidose and computer-based unit dose drug distribution systems were compared; in addition, the medication error rate of the unit dose system was compared to that reported for noncomputerized unit dose systems in other hospitals. Two similar adult, medical, patient care units, each serviced by a different drug distribution system, were studied for 60 days. Information about the medications administered was obtained by the disguised observation technique during intermittent periods. The observer's notations on the medications administered were compared to the physicians' orders to determine if errors had been committed. Only medication "errors of commission" were recorded. There were significantly fewer medication errors and significantly fewer medications administered at the wrong time in the unit dose system. The medication error rate associated with the unit dose system compared favorably with that of most other unit dose systems. No particular benefit, in terms of the medication error rate, was attributed to the computer element of the unit dose system. PMID- 1136965 TI - Accreditation standard for pharmacy residency in a hospital with guide to interpretation. PMID- 1136966 TI - Treatment of acute isoniazid toxicity. AB - The clinical symptoms and treatment of acute isoniazid toxicity are presented. The use of supportive measures and chemotherapy are discussed in detail. The pharmacology and biochemistry underlying the symptons of isoniazid poisoning are aslo presented. It is concluded that diazepam in combination with pyridoxine is the treatment of choice for the management of convulsions associated with isoniazid toxicity. Pyridoxine should be administered intravenously in amounts equal to the estimated quantity of isoniazid ingested, even if seizures have not occurred. PMID- 1136967 TI - Journal of Clinical Computing articles on pharmacy computer applications. AB - A review of articles on pharmacy applications of computer-assisted data processing,published in two issues of the Journal of Clinical Computing, is presented. PMID- 1136968 TI - Implications of certificate of need legislation for institutional pharmacy practice. AB - Federal certificate of need legislation (Section 1122 of Public Law 92-603)aimed at the elimination of costly, duplicative or unneeded health care expenditures is discussed. This law applies only to institutional providers receiving federal reimbursements. The key issues for pharmacy are that proposed substantial changes in service and capital expenditures of $100,000 or more must be justified to local and state comprehensive planning agencies prior to implentation. Failure to comply with the legislation can result in a reduction or withholding of federal reimbursement. PMID- 1136970 TI - Letter: Chloral hydrate--warfarin interaction. PMID- 1136969 TI - Quantitative determination of alkaloids in belladonna tincture USP. AB - A simplified method for the quantitative analysis of hyoscyamine hydrobromide or atropine in Belladonna Tincture USP is described. The procedure is based on the formation of an alkaloid-dye complex which can be extracted with an organic solvent and measured spectrophotometrically. The results obtained by this method compare favorably with those obtained by the USP method. PMID- 1136971 TI - Letter: Elaboration on carbenicillin article. PMID- 1136972 TI - Editorial: Solving problems associated with large-volume parenterals. I: pharmacist responsibility for compounding intravenous admixtures. PMID- 1136973 TI - Recommended methods for compounding intravenous admixtures in hospitals. AB - Recommendations regarding (1)hospital receipt and storage of large-volume parenterals and (2)hospital compounding of intravenous admixtures are presented. The recommendations are presented in a stepwise manner, and a self-evaluation form is included. Also included is a pictorial illustration of a suggested dressing change for an i.v.catheter. PMID- 1136974 TI - Quality assurance for hospital pharmacy. Part I: Basic concepts. AB - The basic concepts of quality assurance are discussed as they apply to hospital pharmacy practice. The terms norm, criteria, standard, structure assessment,process assessment, and outcome assement are defined. The interrelationships among the following five steps in the quality assurance cycle are reviewed: definition of quality, quality assessment, education and change, redefinition of quality, and reassessment of quality. Finally, the importance of research in the quality assurance process is discussed. PMID- 1136975 TI - Adherence to approved drug use as a predictor of length of hospital stay. AB - The relationship between adherence to approved drug labeling and patient length of stay in hospitals was studied. The records of 200 patients at a 175-bed, short term, pediatric hospital were reviewed to determine if the actual drug therapy agreed with the officially approved indications, contraindications, age restrictions and dosages. The average length of patient stay was nine days. Only 19% of the observed variation in length of stay could be correlated to the number of doses per drug per patient. The variable dose, indications, contraindications and age agreement could not be correlated to length of stay. PMID- 1136976 TI - Assuring the quality of medications stored in patient care areas. AB - A program designed to improve patient care by assuring the quality of medications stored in patient care areas is described. A questionnaire covering six major areas--medication room, controlled substances, refrigerator, emergency medication kit, other storage areas and miscellaneous--designed to assist in gathering information during medication quality assurance rounds was developed. Rounds are conducted every four months by a pharmacist and a nurse. To ensure that any deficiencies are corrected, copies of the findings are sent to the appropriate pharmacy and nursing personnel. PMID- 1136977 TI - Drug use and distribution in a pain rehabilitation center. AB - A 23-bed hospital unit specializing in rehabilitating patients suffering from chronic pain by (1) reducing their consumption of and dependence on medication, (2) increasing their level of daily activity and (3) discouraging pain-oriented behavior is described. In addition to aspirin or acetaminophen, four drugs- amitriptyline, diphenylhydantoin, cobra venom extract and methadone--are used to reduce pain while other therapeutic measures are used to rehabilitate the patients. Methods for reducing the amount of analgesics taken by chronic pain patients are discussed. Unit dose packaging is used because the oral solid dosage forms (including placebos) are made to look alike. PMID- 1136978 TI - Inhibition by ice cream of the antidotal efficacy of activated charcoal. AB - A study was conducted to determine if ice cream and sherbet interfered with the adsorption of aspirin onto activated charcoal both in vivo and in vitro. An aqueous suspension of 20 g activated charcoal decreased the absorption of 1 g aspirin by 65%; the same dose of activated charcoal with 50 g of ice cream reduced aspirin absorption by only 42% under otherwise identical conditions. In vitro tests showed that different ice creams and sherbet decrease the adsoprtion of aspirin onto activated charcoal. Thus, although ice cream is useful for preparing palatable suspensions of activated charcoal, it decreases appreciably the antidotal efficacy of the adsorbent. PMID- 1136979 TI - Practical pharmacokinetic techniques for drug consultation and evaluation. IV: Gentamicin blood level versus time profiles of various dosage regimens recommended for renal impairment. AB - The gentamicin blood level vs. time profiles of various dosage regimens recommended for renal impairment were reassessed by applying pharmacokinetic techniques to the patient data in the clinical literature. Eight dosage regimen modifications were tested in eight prototype cases of renal impairment (serum creatinine range of 0.9-12.0 mg/100 ml and creatinine clearance range of 5-100 ml/min/1.73 m-2) using simulated blood level vs. time profiles generated from the known pharmacokinetic parameters for gentamicin. Employing a one-hour intravenous infusion at dosages and dosing intervals recommended by the various blood level vs. time profiles. Methods recommending shorter dosing intervals (every 24 hours and less) generally resulted in a greater percent duration of the dosing interval above the selected "effective response concentration" (ERC) of a 4mug/ml blood level and a markedly shorter duration of sub-ERC blood levels. Methods based on creatinine clearance as an index of renal function generally achieved greater percent duration of the dosing interval above the ERC and lesser duration of blood levels below this value than methods based on serum creatinine. PMID- 1136981 TI - Symposium on computer applications in the clinical laboratory. PMID- 1136980 TI - Diuretics. AB - The use of diuretics to treat edema is reviewed. Normal salt and water metabolism is reviewed briefly. The drugs covered are the thiazide diuretics, loop diuretics(ethacrynic acid and furosemide) and distal blocking agents (spironolactone and triamterene). The sites and modes of action, indications, doses, complications and relative costs of these agents are discussed. PMID- 1136982 TI - Symposium on computer applications in the clinical laboratory: basic computer terminology. PMID- 1136983 TI - Hardware and software considerations in clinical laboratory computer systems. PMID- 1136984 TI - The Xerox data system at the M.D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute. PMID- 1136985 TI - The DNA automated clinical laboratory system. PMID- 1136986 TI - The LCI system at the Hershey Medical Center. PMID- 1136987 TI - The Spear Clas-300B system at Saint Margaret Hospital. PMID- 1136988 TI - Symposium on computer applications in the clinical laboratory: the System 2000. PMID- 1136989 TI - Ocular compression and noncorticosteroidal anti-inflammatory agents. PMID- 1136990 TI - Specific hypotensive and antihypertensive ocular effects of d-isoproterenol in rabbits. AB - d-Isoproterenol (ISO) applied topically to the rabbit eye specifically lowered intraocular pressure. Thus, it effectively reduced normal intraocular pressure and inhibited intraocular pressure elevation induced by water load without causing other obvious local or systemic pharmacologic effects. By comparison, dl ISO was pharmacologically nonspecific in that amounts required to reduce intraocular pressure also produced significant and marked tachycardia. Furthermore, maximal intraocular pressure reduction was less with dl-than with d ISO. Accordingly, and in consideration of reported clinical experience with dl ISO in glaucomatous man, the d-isomer should be the preferred form of ISO for treating glaucoma. d-ISO should offer advantages over any other topical medication used currently in the treatment of this condition. Toxicity studies employing large, topical doses of drug in rabbit eyes showed that d-ISO was free from ocular irritation as well as systemic toxicologic effects and should be safe for controlled studies in man. PMID- 1136991 TI - Visual parameters associated with recovered retrobulbar optic neuritis. AB - Visual acuity, color vision, pupillary reaction, induced Pulfrich phenomenon, kinetic fields, static fields, afterimage testing, and ophthalmoscopic evaluation were studied in nine patients with a history of retrobulbar neuritis. The most consistently reliable test for determining the presence of an old optic nerve defect in these patients was meridional 0 to 180 degrees static perimetry. There was a uniform decrease in brightness discrimination to either side of the foveal peak. PMID- 1136992 TI - Raeder's paratrigeminal syndrome. PMID- 1136993 TI - Excision of pupillary membrane after cataract extraction with the vitreous infusion suction cutter. PMID- 1136994 TI - Lens prescription identification. PMID- 1136995 TI - Editorial: Toward a better understanding of medical reports. PMID- 1136996 TI - Letter: White-translucent Burian-Allen contact lens electrode for human electroretinography. PMID- 1136997 TI - Bulbar ligneous conjunctivitis after pterygium removal in an elderly man. AB - Ligneous conjunctivitis occurred unilaterally in a 74-year-old man after pterygium excision and only involved the bulbar conjunctiva. Histochemical studies confirmed the presence of mucopolysaccharides in the lesion sensitive to hyaluronidase. The patient was treated successfully with topical hyaluronidase and alpha-chymotrypsin, with no recurrence 20 months after cessation of therapy. PMID- 1136998 TI - Absence of spontaneous head tilt in superior oblique muscle palsy. AB - We used the head-tilt test--based on an imbalance between the function of a paretic superior oblique muscle and its homonymous superior rectus muscle, rather than on an anomaly of cycloversion-to test three patients with superior oblique muscle palsies. Spontaneous ocular torticollis was absent if a patient had poor vision in one eye or if his vertical fusional amplitudes were of such magnitude that he was able to overcome his vertical deviation in all positions of gaze. These latter instances, though rare, may be more common than reports indicate. PMID- 1136999 TI - Advantages of radial buckling. PMID- 1137000 TI - Stereoacuity development in children with normal binocular single vision. AB - We made 344 stereoacuity determinations (Titmus Stereotest) on 321 children, ages 1 1/2 to 13 years, who had normal binocular single vision tested by other factors. The data showed a gradual improvement in stereoacuity scores with increasing age--up to age 9--when a normal stereoacuity of 40 seconds of arc was consistently found. The lower limits of stereoacuity compatible with normal binocular single vision were 3 1/2 years, 3,000 seconds; 5 years, 140 seconds: 5 1/2 years, 100 seconds; 6 years, 80 seconds; 7 years, 60 seconds; and 9 years, 40 seconds. PMID- 1137001 TI - Genetic analysis of vergence measures in populations with varying incidences of strabismus. AB - Genetic parameters were contrasted for vergence amplitudes within three populations--esotropic, exotropic, and randomly selected populations-who differed in their incidence of subtypes of strabismus. In general, heritabilities for convergence exceeded those for divergence, and heritabilities for recovery points exceeded those for break points. Heritability estimates for diveregence amplitudes were significantly different for the random and esotropia populations, while convergence heritability estimates for these groups were similar. Thus, gene differences influencing divergence ability contributed to genetic variance for strabismus. PMID- 1137002 TI - Lateral rectus muscle paralysis associated with closed-head trauma. AB - We examined 21 patients with closed-head trauma and resulting paralysis of the lateral rectus muscle. Clinical findings included laterally directed gaze palsy, some unconsciousness, and pseudo-duane's phenomenon suggesting a supranuclear lesion at the level of the upper pontine tegmentum, and pontine paramedial reticular formation. The surgical procedure of choice was a "midline operation," that is, the appropriate number of millimeters of recession and resection to achieve 0 to 5 degrees of exotropia in the primary position of gaze. Frequently, the medial rectus muscle must be recessed 10 nm or more and the lateral rectus muscle resected 10 nm or more to achieve this result. None of the 21 patients had diplopia after the midline procedure. PMID- 1137004 TI - Postmorten changes in the chemistry and histology of normal and edematous brains. AB - The brains of 18 patients were examined post mortem for histologic criteria of edema, and samples of white and gray matter were analyzed for water, sodium, and potassium content. In a parallel experimental study, brains of cats with unilateral freezing lesions and resulting cerebral edema were similarly examined immediately after death and up to 18 hours post mortem. In both types of material, in gray matter there was a relatively rapid (within less than 4 hours) increase in water and sodium content and fall in potassium content. In normal and edematous white matter, little change was observed post mortem. No correlation could be demonstrated in any of the material studied between water content and histologic grading for cerebral edema. It is concluded that determination of water content in the white matter postmortem could be a useful tool for the neuropathologist. Histologic assessment of cerebral edema is of little value. PMID- 1137003 TI - An evaluation of the role of leukocytes in the pathogenesis of experimentally induced corneal vascularization. AB - Studies of corneal explants in the hamster cheek pouch chamber have demonstrated that blood vessels invade the cornea only if the tissue is first infiltrated by leukocytes. In view of this observation, a comparative study of the events that precede and accompany corneal vascularization was undertaken in various experimental models. A variety of established methods were used to induce corneal vascularization, including exposure of the cornea to noxious agents, intracorneal injection of antigens into sensitized animals, as well as maintaining animals on diets deficient in vitamin A or riboflavin. In all models studied, the corneal vascularization was a manifestation of the reparative phase of the inflammatory response. A conspicuous leukocytic infiltrate of the cornea preceded and accompanied the corneal vascularization in all of the models. Although the lesions varied in several respects in the different models, all models displayed three phases with regard to vascularization: an early prevascular phase of leukocytic infiltration, a second phase where blood vessels persisted in the cornea in the absence of leukocytes. The latent period that preceded vascularization was directly related to the time of the initial leukocytic infiltration. The models in which a delay occurred in the leukocytic invasion displayed a subsequent delay in the vascular ingrowth. Conversely, in experiments where there was a rapid and extensive leukocytic invasion, there was also an early and enhanced corneal vasoproliferative response. In the various modesl investigated, the sites of the leukocytic infiltration and subsequent vascular ingrowth into the cornea paralleled each other. The data further support the hypotheses that leukocytes are a prerequisite to corneal vascularization and that leukocytes produce one or more factors which stimulate directional vascular growth. PMID- 1137006 TI - Animal model of human disease. PMID- 1137005 TI - Early, reversible plasma membrane injury in galactosamine-induced liver cell death. AB - Administration to rats of D-galactosamine (400 mg/kg) produces liver cell death that develops during the first 24 hours. Plasma membranes isolated within the first few hours from these animals show a 40% reduction in 5'-nucleotidase activity and a two-fold increase in maximum negative ellipticity determined by circular dichroism. Simultaneous administration of uridine prevents liver cell death and these early alterations in the plasma membranes. Uridine also prevents cell death if administered for up to 3 hours after galactosamine. The 5'nucleotidase activity reduced when uridine is administered for up to 2-1/2 hours after galactosamine. Changes in the liver calcium ion concentration accompany these plasma membrane alterations. Uridine will prevent and reverse the changes in calcium content in parallel to its ability to reverse the membrane alterations. The significance of these findings with respect to the mechanism of galactosamine-induced liver cell death is discussed. PMID- 1137007 TI - Editorial: Heroid--now amphetamines. PMID- 1137009 TI - The scientist's duty to contribute to the formation of public policy. PMID- 1137008 TI - Interdisciplinary health care. Some legal aspects. PMID- 1137010 TI - Effects of ischemia on the hind limb of the rat. AB - The effects of ischemia, induced by a tourniquet, were investigated on 36 adult Holtzman female rates in terms of damage to the ventral horn cell of the spinal cord and tibial nerve and motor end-plate degeneration and regeneration. Clinically, the rats were tested for sensory and motor loss and recovery and these results were compared with the histological findings. Ischemic periods of 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours were used followed by survival times of 3 weeks to 9 months. Histologically, there was degeneration and regeneration found to varying degrees in the nerve and motor end-plate. There were no changes found in the ventral horn cell. There was a loss of pain sensation in all animals, except the 2 hour group, and a loss of motor function. Motor function, preceded by sensation, returned in all animals. With the absence of ventral horn cell damage it was not surprising to find adequate regeneration histologically and, therefore, a return of both sensory and motor function. PMID- 1137011 TI - Electromyographic study of unlateral and bilateral measurement conditions of reflex, premotor, and simple reaction time to joint displacement. AB - The purpose of the study was to study the effects of cross-transfer on fractionated reaction time components in the unilateral and bilateral measurement conditions. Ss (N = 30) responded to a sudden arm displacement from an electromagnet by abducting the falling arm (unilateral ipsilateral trial, N = 15), by abducting the non-stimulus limb from a RT switch (unilateral contralateral trial, N = 15), or by performing both of these responses simultaneously (bilateral trial, N = 15). EMGs from the 45 randomized trials were monitored from the middle portions of the relaxed deltoideus muscles. Dependent variables were ipsilateral reflex latency (IRL), ipsilateral premotor time (IPMT), contralateral premotor time (CPMT), and contralateral reaction time (CRT). The following statistical procedures were applied to the data: an interclass correlation, a subjects-by-trials analysis of trends for each variable, and a single-groups subjects by two within-group variables analysis of variance for the six logical comparisons. IPMT was the only latency decreased by the addition of the bilateral measurement condition; however IPMT remained slower than CPMT even in the bilateral measurement condition. IRLs, CPMTs, and CRTs remained the same. The addition of a bilateral measurement condition appeared to result in less delay from the synchronous reflex volley to IPMT than in the unilateral measurement condition. PMID- 1137012 TI - Multichannel biotelemetry systems for use in EMG studies, particularly in locomotion. AB - The authors describe their experience with the different types of telemetry systems, applicable for locomotion studies and other similar areas of research. They describe the differences between frequency modulation (FM) systems and time domain multiplexing (PAM) systems. They discuss the advantages and the disadvantages of each of these systems, particularly as applied to the transmission of EMG signals. PMID- 1137013 TI - Presidential Address: Psychiatry, a high-risk profession. PMID- 1137014 TI - Presidential Address: Psychiatry, a high-risk profession. Response to the Presidential Address. PMID- 1137015 TI - Some observations and questions in intensive psychotherapy. AB - The authors discuss their observations of acute psychiatric patients in a day hospital, noting the universality of the existential concerns that arise once the patient has confronted his illness. They discuss the problem of what determins a "cure" in emotional disturbances and suggest that the primary issue is for patients to learn to live as healthy people within the limits of their individual potential. PMID- 1137016 TI - Obstacles to utilization of prepaid mental health care. AB - The coverage of out-of-hospital expenses for mental health care through prepayment and insurance programs has been a major advance in removing the economic barriers to early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of mental disorders. However, obstacles to obtaining treatment block many eligible people from receiving help. The authors conducted a study among members of the United Auto Workers union to identify these roadblocks. Among the obstacles were differences in perceptions of need for treatment and in attitudes toward treatment, and lack of awareness of eligibility for benefits among three key groups - consumers, referral agents, and providers. The authors urge psychiatry to help in removing these obstacles. PMID- 1137017 TI - "Sociopathy" and its synonyms: inappropriate diagnoses in child psychiatry. AB - The use of the diagnosis "sociopathy" and its synonyms hinders the search for other kinds of symptomatology, the recognition of which might lead to appropriate therapeutic intervention. The authors therefore suggest that the terms "sociopathic personality," "antisocial personality," and "acting out aggressive reaction of childhood or adolescence" be eliminated as primary diagnoses from the psychiatric nomenclature for children or adolescents. Two case reports are presented to emphasize the damage these diagnoses can cause. PMID- 1137018 TI - The psychiatric chief residency: a preliminary training experience in administrative process. AB - Drawing on their experience, the authors explore the opportunity for learning administrative process that is available to the psychiatric chief resident. They categorize six models of the psychiatric chief residency and document two of them, the ward chief and the interface chief, as providing particularly rich administrative experiences. Although the chief resident's administrative experience is only a preliminary one, it can be a first step in solidifying his identity as a clinician-executive. PMID- 1137019 TI - Comprehensive drug programs: the Dade County example. AB - The authors present data from a survey of four methadone maintenance programs, five outpatient clinics, six nonresidential facilities, and nine therapeutic communities affiliated with the Dade County Comprehensive Drug Program. The treatment population included more blacks but fewer Latins than the general county population. Primary drugs of abuse were narcotics in methadone clinics and "softer" drugs in outpatient and nonresidential facilities. Most patients were either self- or court referrals. Direct per patient costs, which were lowest in the outpatient clinics, averaged $1,041. The authors suggest that their data may aid other comprehensive drug treatment programs in establishing guidelines. PMID- 1137020 TI - Editorial: Dichotomies, states, and structures. PMID- 1137021 TI - Manic-depressive illness and good prognosis schizophrenia. AB - The authors examined 88 patients with an admission diagnosis of schizophrenia for the presence of good and poor clinical prognostic signs and related their findings to the clinical presentation, response to somatic treatments, and prevalence of illness in first-degree relatives. The results augment the growing evidence that good and poor prognosis schizophrenia are different illnesses and that good prognosis schizophrenia is frequently indistinguishable from manic depressive illness. PMID- 1137022 TI - Delayed severe extrapyramidal disturbance following frequent depot phenothiazine administration. AB - The authors report the occurrence of a sever striopallidal disorder in a schizophrenic patient one week after he received fluphenazine enanthate injections on an every-other-day schedule. In view of current interest in depot psychopharmaceuticals, they recommend that careful attention be given to dosage and administration schedules and to the possibility of delayed pseudoparkinsonian symptoms. Emergency room physicians should be alerted to the possible side effects of such drugs. PMID- 1137023 TI - The summit-annotated contract technique for hospitalized adolescents. AB - The author describes a technique for use with adolescents (perferably nonpsychotic, acting-out patients) in the terminal phase of psychiatric hospitalization. Patient, parents, and therapist have a summit meeting during which they write a contract which is a prerequisite of the patient's discharge. The document, which all parties sign, specifies conditions of the patient's return to family life. A case report, including a contract, illustrates the use of the technique. PMID- 1137024 TI - Personality Characteristics of Viet Nam veterans identified as heroin abusers. AB - The author presents data on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) characteristics of a sample of enlisted Army men returning from Viet Nam identified as heroin abusers. Although a marked heterogeneity of MMPI profile types was found, a significant percentage of the subjects showed indications of marked psychopathology, and only a minority performed within normal limits on the MMPI. Theses military subjects showed neither greater nor less psychopathology and sociopathology than previously reported samples of civilian addicts. PMID- 1137025 TI - Psychosexual and cultural determinants of fertility choice behavior. AB - Although traditional societies in Oceania direct their fertility choice behavior (if any) toward spirits rather than sexual intercourse, closer observation shows that these fertility choice behaviors, while groping and magical, sometimes have empirical value. The author notes that the alternative to effective fertility control in these societies has sometimes been population regulation of the Malthusian variety (e.g., murder and starvation). Efforts aimed at spacing the family in a less savage and more effective manner deserve encouragement, the author believes. PMID- 1137026 TI - A syndrome of depression and mutism in the Oglala Sioux. AB - The wacinko syndrome in the Oglala Sioux varies from a nonclinical reaction to pathological degrees of anger, pouting, withdrawal, depression, psychomotor retardation, mutism, immobility, and even to suicide. Although indigenous proctitioners recognize the syndrome as a distinctive disorder, it has not been described by non-Indian practitioners. The author presents a case report and suggests that most cases are diagnosable as reactive depressive illness. PMID- 1137027 TI - Letter: Two reports of the Capgras syndrome. PMID- 1137028 TI - Letter: Precursors of Munchausen's syndrome in childhood. PMID- 1137029 TI - Letter: What are the real issues in involuntary treatment? PMID- 1137030 TI - Letter: "Snakepits" by another name? PMID- 1137031 TI - Letter: Suntanned Hallucinations. PMID- 1137032 TI - Letter: Fluphenazine with other antipsychotic drugs. PMID- 1137033 TI - Letter: Successful treatment of night terrors. PMID- 1137034 TI - Letter: Parental class and attitudes toward delinquent children. PMID- 1137035 TI - Letter: A redefinition of hysteria. PMID- 1137036 TI - Letter: Methodology in researching disease frequencies. PMID- 1137037 TI - Anatomy of the thalamoperforating arteries with special emphasis on arteriography of the third ventricle: Part I. AB - The thalamoperforating arteries are divided into 2 distinct groups, an anterior and a posterior. The PTPAS are retromammillary branches of the precommunicating segments of the posterior cerebral arteries. The PTPAS may be divided into interpeduncular, mesencephalic and thalamic segments and are not directly related to the third ventricle. They are primarily midbrain and thalamic arteries. The main trunk of the PTPA (mesencephalic segment) normally does not undulate, but assumes a characteristically straight configuration. The ATPAS arise from the posterior communicating arteries anterior and lateral to the mamillary bodies. The ATPAS are primarily diencephalic vessels. Interpeduncular, paraventricular (hypothalamic) and thalamic segments may be identified. The major segment of the ATPAS is para third ventricular in location at the level of the massa intermedia. PMID- 1137038 TI - Tomographic findings of the inner ears of 24 patients with Waardenburg's syndrome. AB - The tomographic findings in the Stenvers' projection of inner ears of 24 patients with Waardenburg's syndrome are described. In 12 of these 48 inner ears deafness was found. The roentgenographic examination did not show any malformation of the inner ears of these patients. In the literature on this subject, the tomographic findings of the inner ears of 12 deaf patients with Waardenburg's syndrome have been described. In 8 of them malformations were reported, especially of the semicircular canals. These findings in the literature could not be confirmed by our study. PMID- 1137039 TI - Craniofacial dysotosis with fibrous metaphyseal deffects. PMID- 1137040 TI - Cervical venous reflux: a normal variant of radionuclide cerebral blood flow study in nuclear medicine. PMID- 1137041 TI - Congenital absence of bilateral vertebral arteries with occipital-basilar anastomosis. AB - In the present case, a patient with symptoms referable to the occipital lobe, selective angiography demonstrated evidence of occlusion of branches of the left posterior cerebral artery with collateral circulation in addition to the congenital anomaly. The congenital absence of both vertebral arteries with a large occipital-basilar anastomosis may be explained by our hypothesis that occlusion occurred at the gestation age of 32-36 days. This case is presented in the hope that it will lead to the recognition of similar anomalies and further support our hypothesis. Selective angiography is the method of choice in the study of cerebrovascular disease and brachiocephalic vessels. PMID- 1137042 TI - B-Mode sonography as a screening procedure for asymptomatic carotid bruits. AB - Sixty-five B-mode carotid sonograms were obtained at random on patients undergoing cerebral arteriography. A 5 mHz transducer was used. The results were correlated with magnified cervical carotid arteriograms obtained on these patients. B-mode sonography was accurate in evaluating the carotid arteries for surgical stenosis in 72 per cent of the cases. The feasibility of using B-mode sonography as a screening test in patients with asymptomatic carotid bruits is discussed. PMID- 1137043 TI - [Interrelations of blood serum and cellular indicators of immunity in pregnancy]. PMID- 1137044 TI - [Immunological reactivity of the mother during pregnancy]. PMID- 1137045 TI - [Role of antileukocytic antibodies in the immunopathology of pregnancy (experimental study)]. PMID- 1137046 TI - [Role of immunological component in the initiation of labor]. PMID- 1137047 TI - [Pathophysiological characteristics of compensatory-protective reactions of the body in pregnancy]. PMID- 1137048 TI - [Excretion of catecholamines in pregnant women in the preparatory period for labor]. PMID- 1137049 TI - [Contractile function of the uterus during pregnancy and labor in patients with heart defects]. PMID- 1137050 TI - [Contractile activity of the uterus in certain methods of labor stimulation]. PMID- 1137051 TI - [Hypogalactia]. PMID- 1137052 TI - [Evaluation of the contractile activity of the uterus by means of high-frequency currents]. PMID- 1137053 TI - [Tocographic study of uterine sensitivity to oxytocin test]. PMID- 1137054 TI - [Dynamics of the contractile activity of the uterus under the effect of separate and combined use of steroid preparations and amizil]. PMID- 1137055 TI - [Effect of estrogens on the parameters of oxidative phosphorylation in the liver mitochondria and uterus]. PMID- 1137056 TI - [Experimental analysis of lipid fractions of blood serum after massive hyperandrogenization]. PMID- 1137057 TI - [Content of chorionic gonadotropin in the urine of pregnant women treated for uterine cervix insufficiency]. PMID- 1137058 TI - [Effectiveness of obstetrical anesthesia with nitrous oxide, trichloroethylene and their mixture]. PMID- 1137059 TI - [Placental tumor of mesenchymal origin]. PMID- 1137060 TI - [Socialist competition and movement toward the communist attitude to work]. PMID- 1137061 TI - [Secretion of gonadotropins in female sterilitv]. PMID- 1137062 TI - [Immunoendocrinology - an important part of studies in the field of reproduction immunology]. PMID- 1137063 TI - [Change of indicators of the cellular and humoral immunity in inflammatory processes of the female internal genital organs]. PMID- 1137064 TI - [Certain trends of studies in the field of immunobiology and immunopathology of fertilization]. PMID- 1137065 TI - [Excretion of estrogens in adolescent girls with rheumatism in normal and unstabilized menstrual cycle]. PMID- 1137066 TI - [Effect of prolonged administration of progesterone on the volume of circulating blood and certain other hematological indicators]. PMID- 1137067 TI - [Changes in the blood circulation system during the use of estrogens]. PMID- 1137068 TI - [Radioisotope and cytological examinations in diagnosis of precancerous conditions of the endometrium under polyclinical conditions]. PMID- 1137070 TI - [Evaluation of the degree of girls' sexual development]. PMID- 1137069 TI - [Restoration of the ovarian function after normal labor]. PMID- 1137071 TI - [Mitotic activity of cellular elements of the endometrium in normal menstrual cycle]. PMID- 1137072 TI - [Correlation of the levels of chorionic gonadotropin in blood serum of the mother and fetus in normal pregnancy and late pregnancy toxemia]. PMID- 1137073 TI - [Effect of estrogens on the indicators of oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria of the liver and uterine cells]. PMID- 1137074 TI - [Functional-morphological changes in the ovaries of albino rats under the effect of infective factors]. PMID- 1137075 TI - [Effect of local reduced pressure on hemodynamics of the organs of the small pelvis in women]. PMID- 1137076 TI - [New possibilities of the use of bisecurin in gynecological practice]. PMID- 1137077 TI - [Neuroleptoanalgesia in gynecological patients]. PMID- 1137078 TI - [Colposcopic diagnosis of trichomonas vaginitis]. PMID- 1137079 TI - [Case of Lyell's syndrome]. PMID- 1137080 TI - An intact assay for enzymes that labilize C--H bonds. PMID- 1137081 TI - The determination of the activity of immobilised amidases using an ammonia sensitive glass electrode. PMID- 1137082 TI - A simplified assay for phosphoenolpyruvate. PMID- 1137083 TI - A simple technique for eliminating interference by detergents in the Lowry method of protein determination. PMID- 1137084 TI - Determination of protein in extracts containing interfering substances and in radioactive samples following scintillation counting. PMID- 1137085 TI - Separation of oligonucleotides by thin-layer electrophoresis. PMID- 1137086 TI - Identification and quantitation of acyl thioesters by thin-layer chromatography of hydroxamic acid derivatives. PMID- 1137087 TI - Affinity purification methods. Improved procedures for cyanogen bromide reaction on agarose. PMID- 1137088 TI - A simple method for trapping and measuring expired 14-Co2. PMID- 1137089 TI - An improved 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid method for the determination of amines. PMID- 1137090 TI - A novel synthesis of spin label derivatives of phosphatidylcholine. PMID- 1137091 TI - Preparative isoelectric focusing: elution of the gradient without interrupting the electrical field. PMID- 1137092 TI - An enzymic method for the microestimation of trimethylamine. PMID- 1137093 TI - Mass spectrometry of uronic acid derivatives. Part V. Fragmentation of methyl derivatives of methyl 4-deoxy-beta-L-threo-hex-4-ehopyranosiduronic-acid. PMID- 1137094 TI - A rapid, highly efficient trapping system for the collection of 3-indoleacetic acid from a gas chromatography column. PMID- 1137095 TI - Thiol group determination in proteins by flameless atomic absorption spectrometry of mercury. PMID- 1137096 TI - Heat measurements applied to biochemical analysis: glucose in human serum. PMID- 1137097 TI - Preparation of cystathionine sulfoxide and sulfone and some properties relating to their differentiation. PMID- 1137098 TI - Analysis of dansyl-1-amides in mixtures by mass spectrometry, using metastable defocusing. PMID- 1137100 TI - Simple procedures for determination of [14C] hydroxyproline. PMID- 1137099 TI - A compilation of amino acid analyses of proteins. VIII. Residues per mole-6. PMID- 1137101 TI - Separation of epithelial cells from suspensions of cells from the hamster parotid gland in an isokinetic density gradient of Ficoll in tissue culture medium. PMID- 1137102 TI - CoA cycling: an enzymatic amplification method for determination of CoASH and acetyl CoA. PMID- 1137104 TI - A substrate for the fluorogenic assay of exo-beta-N-acetylmuramidase: synthesis and purification of 4-methylumbelliferyl N-acetylmuramide. PMID- 1137103 TI - A rapid and specific enzymatic method for the estimation of L-Arginine. PMID- 1137105 TI - Reactions of biogenic amines with aqueous potassium dichromate. An application to the determination of dopamine. PMID- 1137106 TI - Rapid method for the determination of lysine in cereal grains without hydrolysis. PMID- 1137107 TI - The use of optical emission spectroscopy for human 15N tracer studies. PMID- 1137108 TI - Determination of surfactants by use of acid phosphatase. PMID- 1137109 TI - Application of the dansylation reaction to the characterization of low molecular weight peptides by dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. PMID- 1137110 TI - A simple electronic device for the measurement of band migration distances in polyacrylamide gels. PMID- 1137111 TI - Selection of optimal set of wavelengths for analysis of hyperchromic spectra. PMID- 1137113 TI - Analysis of microquantities of choline and its esters utilizing gas chromatography-chemical ionization mass spectrometry. PMID- 1137112 TI - Application of spectrophotometric methods to the determination of protein bound to agarose beads. PMID- 1137114 TI - Assay of glucoprotein formation from uridine diphosphate glucose by a rapid filter-paper technique. PMID- 1137115 TI - Short communications. separation of p-nitrophenylphosphate, ATP and inorganic phosphate by anion exchange thin layer chromatography. PMID- 1137116 TI - The removal of contaminating quadrol by boric acid extraction prior to mass spectralanalysis of amino acid thiazolinones. PMID- 1137117 TI - A convenient determination of alpha-andbeta-configurations of 2-amino-2deoxy-D glycosides by an amino acid analyzer. PMID- 1137118 TI - Ligand-exchange chromatography of amino sugars. PMID- 1137119 TI - Further developments in the determination of sulfur compounds in air by gas chromatography. PMID- 1137120 TI - Flame emission photometer for determining phosphorus in air and natural waters. PMID- 1137121 TI - Determination of pentachlorophenol by ultraviolet ratio spectrophotometry. PMID- 1137122 TI - Structure-luminescence correlations in the thiobarbiturates. PMID- 1137123 TI - Determination of trace level quantities of arsenic via a novel kinetic method. PMID- 1137124 TI - Spectrophotometric determination of carboxlic acids by the formation of hydroxamic acids with dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. PMID- 1137125 TI - Positive and negative chemical ionization mass spectra of some aromatic chlorinated pesticides. PMID- 1137126 TI - Elemental analysis of bullet lead by spark source mass spectrometry. PMID- 1137127 TI - Simple elcetron capture gas chromatographic method for the determination of oral hypoglycemic biguanidis in biological fluids. PMID- 1137128 TI - Determination of selenium in water and industrial effluents by flameless atomic absorption. PMID- 1137129 TI - Determination of lethium in microliter samples of blood serum using flame atomic emission spectrometry with a tantalum filament vaporizer. PMID- 1137130 TI - Quantitative determination of blood glucose using enzyme induced chemiluminescence of luminol. PMID- 1137131 TI - Comparative study of colorimetric and fluorometric determination of thiamine (vitamin B1) by automated discrete-sampling technique. PMID- 1137132 TI - Systematic identification of unknown drugs in powder form by means of ultraviolet spectrophotometry in forensic toxicology. PMID- 1137133 TI - Rapid, sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of ascorbic acid. PMID- 1137134 TI - Automated determination of nitrogen in milk products. PMID- 1137135 TI - Pyridine catalyzed reaction of volatile N-nitrosamines with heptaflrobutyric anhydride. PMID- 1137136 TI - Determination of nitrate in water with an ammonia probe. PMID- 1137137 TI - Direct simultaneous determination of trace amounts (ppb) of zinc(II) lead(II), and copper(II) in ground and spring waters using anodic stripping voltammetry: the analytical method. PMID- 1137138 TI - Chemical ionization-mass spectrometry. I. application to analysis of fatty acids. PMID- 1137139 TI - Mass spectral studies of ultraviolet irradiated and nonirradiated lysergic acid diethylamide extracts from illicit preparations. PMID- 1137140 TI - Mercury contamination of sea water samples stored in polyethylene containers. PMID- 1137141 TI - Determination of chromium (VI) in industrial atmospheres by a catalytic method. PMID- 1137142 TI - Determination of oxygen-18 in water contained in biological samples by charged particle activation. PMID- 1137143 TI - Use of a nematic liquid crystal for gas-liquid chromatographic separation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons. PMID- 1137144 TI - Gas-liquid chromatography system with flame lonization, phosphorus, sulfur, nitrogen, and electron capture detectors operating simultaneously for pesticide residue analysis. PMID- 1137145 TI - Improvements in cold vapor atomic absorption determination of mercury. PMID- 1137146 TI - Charge exchange mass spectra of morphine and tropane alkaloids. PMID- 1137147 TI - Infrared internal reflection spectrometry of aqueous protein films at the germanium-water interface. PMID- 1137148 TI - Determination of trace amounts of copper and zinc in edible fats and oils by acid extraction and atomic absorption spectrophotometry. PMID- 1137149 TI - Gas-liquid chromatographic electron capture determination of some monosubstituted guanido-containing drugs. PMID- 1137150 TI - Determination of 5,6-dihydro-2-methyl-1,4-oxathiin-3-carboxanilide (vitavax) and two of its photoproducts by high speed liquid chromatography. PMID- 1137151 TI - Determination of thiocyanate in water with a cyanide selective electrode. PMID- 1137152 TI - Measurement of picomole amounts of carbon dioxide by calorimetry. PMID- 1137153 TI - Iodine determination in biological material. Kinetic measurement of the catalytic activity of iodide. PMID- 1137154 TI - Determination of morphine and codeine in post-mortem specimens. PMID- 1137155 TI - Special clamp for rapid solvent extraction of a large number of plasma samples for radioimmunoassay. PMID- 1137156 TI - Enzymatic enthalpimetry, a new approach to clinical analysis: Glucose determination by hexokinase catalyzed phosphorylation. PMID- 1137157 TI - Solvent extraction and organic carbon determination in atmospheric particulate matter: the organic extraction-organic carbon analyzer (OE-OCA) technique. PMID- 1137158 TI - Detection and estimation of bis(chloromethyl)ether in air by gas chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry. PMID- 1137159 TI - Microdetermination of cadmium and lead in whole blood by flameless atomic absorption spectrometry using carbon-tube and carbon-cup as sample cell and comparison with flame studies. PMID- 1137160 TI - Absolute determination of phosgene: pulsed flow coulometry. PMID- 1137161 TI - Fluorometric determination of sub-nanogram levels of nitrite using 5 aminofluorescein. PMID- 1137162 TI - Analysis of urine for trace elements by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a pre-concentrating chelating resin. PMID- 1137163 TI - Vinyl chloride detection using carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide infrared lasers. PMID- 1137164 TI - Determination of carbon disulfide in industrial atmospheres by an extraction atomic absorption method. PMID- 1137165 TI - Glass capillaries for fast gas chromatographic separation of amino acid enantiomers. PMID- 1137166 TI - Determination of chloromethyl methyl ether and bis-chloromethyl ether in air at the part per billion level by gas-liquid chromatography. PMID- 1137167 TI - The rapid sub-picogram determination of volatile organo-mercury compounds by gas chromatography with a microwave emission spectrometric detector system. PMID- 1137168 TI - Solvent extraction of selenium, chromium, iron and zinc from ashed serum samples. PMID- 1137169 TI - Determination of mercury in total diet samples by neutron activation. PMID- 1137170 TI - Analysis of paints for lead by atomic absorption spectrometry,. PMID- 1137171 TI - Simplified fluorimetric determination of digitalis alkaloids;. PMID- 1137172 TI - The rapid colorimetric determination of molybdenum with dithiol in biological, geochemical and steel samples. PMID- 1137173 TI - Catalytic-kinetic determination of copper and L-histidine with the use of a luminostat. PMID- 1137174 TI - Determination of cholride in natural and potable water samples byturbidimetric descrete-sample automatic analysis. PMID- 1137175 TI - Measurements of carbon dioxide with the air-gap electrode. Determination of the total inorganic and the total organic carbon contents in waters. PMID- 1137176 TI - Amperometric determination of alcohols, aldehydes and carboxylic acids with an immobilized alcohol oxidase enzyme electrode. PMID- 1137177 TI - The determination of chromium(VI) in natural waters by differential pulse polarography. PMID- 1137178 TI - The determination of zinc in human eye tissues by anodic stripping voltammetry. PMID- 1137179 TI - Tube-excited energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis. II. Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis of air particulate material. PMID- 1137180 TI - Vitamin E. PMID- 1137181 TI - Micro-determination of xylose in plasma. PMID- 1137182 TI - Selective colorimetric determination of paracetamot by means of an indophenol reaction. PMID- 1137183 TI - Colorimetric determination of folic acid in pharmaceutical preparations. PMID- 1137184 TI - A continous flow cell for use with the bendix - NPL automatic polarimeter. Application to neomycin analysis. PMID- 1137185 TI - Influence of ions on the electrical characteristics of the dioxyribonucleic acid water interface. PMID- 1137186 TI - The determination of small amounts of arsenic in organic matter. PMID- 1137187 TI - The determination of decoquinate in animal feeds. PMID- 1137188 TI - The determination of available lysine in carbohydrate-rich materials. PMID- 1137189 TI - A rapid method of determining total iodine in bovine milk. PMID- 1137190 TI - A flow-through electrode unit for measurement of particulate atmospheric nitrate. PMID- 1137191 TI - Determination of biphenyl and i-phenylphenol in citrus fruits by gas - liquid chromatography. PMID- 1137192 TI - Spectrophotometric determination of thiambutosine. PMID- 1137193 TI - Atomic-absorption spectrophotometric determination of lead in beverages and fruit juices and of lead extracted by their action on glazed ceramic surfaces. PMID- 1137194 TI - Colorimetric determination of vitamin D in some oily pharmaceutical preparations. PMID- 1137196 TI - Fungicide residues. Part IV. Determination of residues of carboxin in grain by gas chromatography. PMID- 1137195 TI - A thin-layer chromatographic test for the identification of some drugs: its application to steroids, tetracyclines, penicillins and cephalosporins. PMID- 1137197 TI - The determination of 2-(1-cyano-1-methylethyl-amino)-4-ethylamino-6-methylthio 1,3,5-triazine (cyanatryn) residues in water by using high-pressure liquid chromatography. PMID- 1137199 TI - Voltammetric determination of ascorbic acid by use of a carbon paste electrode. PMID- 1137198 TI - Polarographic determination of pyrithioxine in pharmaceutical preparations. PMID- 1137200 TI - Application of data-processing techniques to amino-acid analysis. PMID- 1137201 TI - Problems in the determination of the specific radioactivity of uniformly 14-C labelled amino-acids after their reaction with ninhydrin. PMID- 1137202 TI - Modification of the iodimetric titration method for the determination of bromide and its application to mixed domestic - industrial waste effluents. PMID- 1137203 TI - A specific method for the determination of trace concentrations of tetramethyl- and tetraethyllead vapours in air. PMID- 1137204 TI - The determination of lead and cadmium in paint by atomic-absorption spectrophotometry utilising the Delves micro-sampling technique. PMID- 1137205 TI - Presidential address. PMID- 1137206 TI - Hypnotherapy in the treatment of bronchial asthma. AB - The efficacy of hypnotherapy in aborting acute asthmatic attacks was studied in 17 children ranging in age from six to 17. All had as their primary diagnosis bronchial asthma. Prior to hypnotic induction pulmonary function was assessed, then monitored in the immediate post hypnotic period and at two intervals thereafter. The average improvement for all subjects was greater than 50% above the baseline measurement as documented by spirometry, monitored dyspnea, wheezing and subjective ratings by the subjects. It is suggested that hypnotherapy may be an important tool in ameliorating asthma, improving ventilatory capacity and promoting relaxation without recourse to pharmacologic agents. One explanation offered is that hypnosis affects an automic response, thereby diminishing bronchospasm. PMID- 1137207 TI - Altitude and allergy. PMID- 1137208 TI - Allergy epidemiology in the St. Louis, Missouri, area. I. Fungi. AB - 1728 patients prick skin tested for eight fungi in the St. Louis, Missouri metropolitan area exhibited overall a rather low level of allergenicity as well as a general lack of cross-reactivity. Alternaria, however, elicited a high allergic reaction in both reactivity level and reaction frequency in the population. Response of pediatric patients was higher than that of adults, and the extract concentration and source varied the allergenic response only slightly. PMID- 1137209 TI - Study of an attenuated Anaplasma marginale vaccine in Mexico natural challenge of immunity in an enzootic area. AB - An evaluation was made of the protection induced by an attenuated Anaplasma marginale vaccine in young purebred cattle against the challenge exposure of naturally transmitted anaplasmosis in enzootic areas of Mexico. The cattle, which were raised in isolation units free of arthropods, consisted of 10 Brown Swiss calves (1 to 13 months of age) and 8 Holstein calves (5 to 7 months of age). They were paired by breed, age, and body weight, and allotted to 2 equal groups. Calves in 1 group were vaccinated, and at 6 weeks after vaccinations were done, calves in both groups were placed in the field where they were raised for approximately 1 year. Two Holstein and 3 Brown Swiss calves of the nonvaccinated group (group 2) developed clinical anaplasmosis, and the remaining calves of this group had hematologic evidence of the disease during the 2 to 4 months after introduction to the field. The vaccinated group, which remained free of anaplasmosis, showed consistently greater weight gain than did the controls. Among the Holstein calves, the maximum weight difference in favor of the vaccinated group was 50 kg/head at 5.5 months after field exposure, and among the Brown Swiss calves, the differences in weight gain in favor of vaccinated calves at the end of the 12-month period was between 11 and 30 percent. It is concluded that the vaccine provided a means for safe adaptation of high-quality young cattle to the tropics by protecting them against what appears to be the major obstacle to this practice, anaplasmosis. PMID- 1137210 TI - Physiologic responses to exercise of irradiated and nonirradiated Shetland ponies: a five-year study. AB - Physiologic responses of irradiated and nonirradiated Shetland Ponies to controlled exercise were measured over a period of 5 years. The 5-year test began when the ponies were 3 years old and 5 months after they were exposed to 650 R of 60-Co gamma radiation. Significant differences in heart rates, respiratory rates, and rectal temperatures were demonstrated between irradiated and nonirradiated ponies when subjected to exercise and high ambient temperatures. Inthe irradiated group, heart rates were usually slower, especially during recovery immediately after exercise, and respiratory rates and rectal temperatures were higher than these rates were in the nonirradiated group when exercising in ambient temperature of 29.5 C. Exhaustive exercise did not amplify any of the differences which were apparent with moderate exercise. From a general viewpoint, the irradiated ponies performed work as efficiently as did the nonirradiated ponies. Early changes in blood-cell concentrations after irradiation were similar to those which have been observed in other large animal species. Time required for the various types of blood cells to return to base line values ranged between 3 months and 3 years. PMID- 1137211 TI - Bile secretion in ponies with biliary fistuals. AB - Surgically placed bile duct cannulas allowed collection of secreted bile from nonanesthetized ponies. UNINTERRUPTED ENTEROPHEPATIC CIRCULATION WAS PERMITTED BETWEEN COLLECTIONS. Deleterious effects of cannulation were not observed. Average bile flow was 18.6 plus or minus 1.72 (standard error) mul/minute/kg, bile acid excretion was 0.179 plus or minus 0.0212 mumole/minute/kg, and bilirubin excretion averaged 1.22 plus or minus 0.136 mug/minute/kg. PMID- 1137212 TI - A system of grading ossification in limbs of foals to assist in radiologic interpretation. AB - Tetracycline-labeled bones of 23 foals from 52 to 104 days old were sectioned and macroscopically examined to assess the extent of ossification or fusion of ossification centers. A grading system was devised with which to record information about the ossification centers and growth plates. The objective was to define anatomic standards which could contribute toward obtaining an accurate radiologic interpretation. Labeled limb bones of 3 neonatal foals were similarly treated, but grading of these was limited to the consideration of whether each site was still cartilaginous or had commenced to ossify. PMID- 1137213 TI - Glossitis of military working dogs in south Vietnam; histopathologic observations. AB - Glossitis, known clinically as "redtongue," was studied in tissues from 34 military working dogs (MWD) in the Republic of Vietnam. This condition was manifested grossly by loss of lingual papillae on the dorsal margins of the rostral third of the tongue. Microscopically, the principal lesions consisted of loss of filiform papillae, hemorrhage and edema in the lamina propria, acanthosis, and cellular infiltration. The cause of glossitis remains unknown at this time. PMID- 1137214 TI - Absence of sensitization to epinephrine-induced cardiac arrhythmia and fibrillation in dogs and cats anesthetized with CI 744. AB - Ci 744 (20 mg/kg, given intramuscularly (IM) produced a reliable level of surgical anesthesia in both dogs and cats. Animals anesthetized in this way did not have an increased sensitivity to cardiac fibrillation after they were given epinephrine. Epinephrine-induced ventricular arrhythmia observed in C1 744 anesthetized animals was eliminated in cats and was markedly reduced in dogs by bilateral vagotomy. Myocardial fibrillation was not produced by epinephrine (0.1 to 100 mug/kg, intravenously (IV) in dogs and cats anesthetized with C1 744 alone. Pentobarbital anesthesia, like C1 744 anesthesia, did not sensitize the heart, whereas a significant number of thiamylal-halothane-anesthetized animals died from cardiac fibrillation after they had been given epinephrine. Additional dogs were anesthetized with C1 744 or pentobarbital and given a series of pressor and depressor agents (isoproterenol, epinephrine, tyramine, 1, 1-dimethyl-4 phenylpiperazium iodide (DMPP) plus bilateral carotid occlusion) before and after vagotomy. The responses with either anesthetic were similar with the exception that the reflex bradycardia to pressor agents was more evident in C1 744- than in pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs. PMID- 1137215 TI - Occurrence of infection by the cestode Grillotia in Persian Gulf fish. AB - A cystic condition of the peritoneum of tuna fish (Thunnus thynnus) caught from the Persian Gulf is described. Parasitologic examination established widespread infection by the cestode Grillotia. An account is given of the taxonomic position of this genus. PMID- 1137216 TI - Activated coagulation test in normal and heparinized ponies and horses. AB - Activated coagulation test (ACT) was performed in 37 adult ponies and 31 adult horses. The mean ACT time of all ponies and horses was 2 minutes 38 seconds, with a standard deviation (SD) of 29 seconds. The ACT was compared with the Lee White clotting test in heparinized ponies. The correlation of ACT with the Lee White test was 0.95. Anticoagulation heparinized ponies during prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass was successfully monitored with the ACT. The ACT is simple and reproducible, has a definite end point, and would seem to be an ideal screening test for hemorrhagic diathesis in equine animals. PMID- 1137217 TI - Recent NASA contributions to biomedical telemetry. PMID- 1137218 TI - Two-way transdermal communication with the brain. PMID- 1137219 TI - Cardiovascular psychophysiology: some contemporary methods of measurement. PMID- 1137220 TI - Methods and procedures for monitoring and recording blood pressure. PMID- 1137221 TI - Some interactive computer applications in a physiological psychology laboratory. PMID- 1137222 TI - Minicomputers in the signal-averaging laboratory. PMID- 1137224 TI - An advanced eye-movement measuring and recording system. PMID- 1137223 TI - Eye-movement measurement techniques. PMID- 1137225 TI - A wide-screen projection system for human performance studies. PMID- 1137226 TI - The laser as a research tool in visual system investigation. PMID- 1137227 TI - The laser optometer and some implications for behavioral research. PMID- 1137228 TI - The art of tactile communication. PMID- 1137229 TI - Of bread, circuses, and alpha machines. PMID- 1137230 TI - Biofeedback instrumentation: soldering closed the loop. PMID- 1137231 TI - Microwaves and behavior. PMID- 1137232 TI - Electroanesthesia and electrosleep. PMID- 1137233 TI - The potential of acupuncture for the behavioral sciences. PMID- 1137234 TI - Direct measurement of genital responding. PMID- 1137235 TI - Radio telemetry in clinical psychology and related areas. PMID- 1137237 TI - The energetic cost of moving about. PMID- 1137236 TI - Tobacco radioactivity and cancer in smokers. PMID- 1137238 TI - Editorial: The adult respiratory distress syndrome (confessions of a "lumper"). PMID- 1137239 TI - Further observations on the course and prognosis of chronic obstructive lung disease. AB - Long-term survival data are presented for 200 patients with chronic airway obstruction of uncertain etiology who were enrolled in a prospective study approximately 14 years ago. Early death rates were closely related to the initial level of ventilatory impairment. Subjects with relatively mild impairment on entry to the study had a favorable prognosis for the first 5 to 7 years of follow up but then began to show a higher death rate; there are few long-term survivors in the total series. PMID- 1137240 TI - Contribution of inhomogeneity of lung units to the maximal expiratory flow-volume curve in children with asthma and cystic fibrosis. AB - Normal children as well as those with asthma and cystic fibrosis were studied to assess the contribution of lung zones emptying at different rates to the curvilinearity of the maximal expiratory flow-volume curve. Lung volumes, maximal expiratory flow-volume curves breathing air and then breathing a helium-oxygen mixture, and single-breath nitrogen washouts were measured. Forced expiratory maneuvers from lung volumes near functional residual capacity were performed to produce transients of flow exceeding maximal flow defined by the full flow-volume curve. Normal children and those with asthma and mild cystic fibrosis had small or no transients. Those with severe cystic fibrosis had large transients as well as increased phase I on the nitrogen washout curves. These large transients were associated with increased curvilinearity of the maximal expiratory flow-volume curve and smaller than normal flow response breathing helium. In severe cystic fibrosis, the large transients suggest sequential emptying of fast and slow spaces, which influences the shape of the maximal expiratory flow-volume curve. The fast space could be due to compression of an enlarged anatomic dead space. Any time constant inequality between parenchymal units present in asthma and mild cystic fibrosis does not appear to contribute significantly tof the shape of the maximal expiratory flow-volume curve. PMID- 1137241 TI - Tracheal mucociliary transport in patients with cystic fibrosis and its stimulation by terbutaline. AB - Tracheal mucous velocity was measured by observing the motion of teflon discs across the tracheal mucosa through a fiberoptic bronchoscope. The average rate of movement in 14 adult patients with cystic fibrosis was 2.6 mm per min plus or minus 3.3 SD, compared with 20.1 mm per min plus or minus 6.3 in 20 normal subjects of the same age (P less than 0.001). This failure of mucociliary transport may play a role in the pathogenesis of the pulmonary disease in cystic fibrosis. Administration of a beta-adrenergic agent, terbutaline, increased the average mucous velocity in the patients with cystic fibrosis (to 5.5 mm per min plus or minus 3.6 SD, P less than 0.001) but not in control subjects. This observation has potential therapeutic significance. PMID- 1137242 TI - Effect of nebulized lidocaine on reactive airways. AB - Fourteen subjects with reversible obstructive lung disease inhaled one per cent lidocaine mist delivered by an ultrasonic nebulizer. The effect of ultrasonic nebulization per se was evaluated by a control study utilizing normal saline. After lidocaine inhalation there was a significant decrease in expiratory flow and an increase in airway resistance compared with either baseline or post-saline values. The changes were mild and do not preclude the continued use of nebulized lidocaine as an adjunct to bronchoscopy, but caution in its use is indicated. PMID- 1137243 TI - Factors influencing the measurement of closing volume. AB - The various factors influencing closing volume were studied by performing the single-breath N2 test on 9 healthy nonsmokers. Time of day, day of the week, and preceding volume history had no effect on either closing volume or alveolar plateau. Slow inspiratory flow resulted in larger ratio of closing volume to vital capacity, ratio of closing capacity to total lung capacity, and change in N2 concentration than fast inspiratory flow. Voluntary regulation of the expiratory flow resulted in smaller ratios of closing volume to vital capacity and closing capacity to total lung capacity than when flow was regulated by a resistance. Prolonged breath holding of the inspired O2 led to larger ratio of closing volume to vital capacity and ratio of closing capacity to total lung capacity. To obtain uniform, comparable closing volumes, it is suggested that the subject inspire slowly, control expiratory flow (preferably voluntarily), and not pause between inspiration and expiration. PMID- 1137244 TI - Normal values and evaluation of forced end-expiratory flow. AB - A new spirometric measurement was performed with 803 healthy, nonsmoking men and women. Using the forced vital capacity curves, the forced end-expiratory flow (FEF75-85%) had a negative correlation with age and a positive correlation with height. Prediction formulas and nomograms were constructed. Comparison with the forced mid-expiratory flow (FEF25-75%) showed generally larger correlation coefficients for physical characteristics and coefficients of variation for the FEF75-85%. Expressing both the FEF75-85% and FEF25-75% as ratios of forced vital capacity did not improve the coefficients. The mean flow rates of 75 male smokers were compared with 213 non-smokers 30 to 49 years of age. The FEF75-85% significantly distinguished between a group of smokers and a group of nonsmokers, but the FEF25-75% showed no significant difference. In 9 patients with presumed peripheral airways disease, FEF25-75% ranged from 70 to 110 per cent of predicted normal but FEF75-85% was 30 to 72 per cent of predicted. An extensively studied control group of 22 healthy, asymptomatic, nonsmoking subjects had FEF75-85% values of 80 to 163 per cent of predicted. Both small groups of 9 patients and 22 control subjects had FEF75-85% values within 1.65 standard error of estimate. In subgroups of 319 persons, use of 75 per cent of predicted mean for FEF75-85% was of greater value in attempting to screen normal from abnormal population than using 1.65 standard error of estimate. The FEF75-85% is suggested as a useful simple ventilatory test to detect early obstructive pulmonary disease. PMID- 1137246 TI - Biochemical characterization of hyaluronic acid from a case of benign, localized, pleural mesothelioma. AB - The tissue of a benign, localized, pleural mesothelioma was digested with protease, and the crude polysaccharide was fractionated by a column of Dowex-1 (Cl-form). The eluate from the column was electrophoresed and incubated with various mucopolysaccharide lysases. Based on the results of column chromatography, electrophoresis, and enzymatic digestion, it was found that hyaluronic acid was the major constituent of the glycosaminoglycans in pleural mesothelioma. The hyaluronic acid from pleural mesothelioma seemed to be identical in structure with that from human umbilical cord; however, the hyaluronic acid from mesothelioma was eluted before that from human umbilical cord when fractionated by the column of Sepharose 4B, suggesting a differnence in molecular size between the two. Also, evidence was obtained for the presence of dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate. PMID- 1137245 TI - Effects of ozone on pulmonary function in normal subjects. An environmental chamber study. AB - Twenty healthy adults, 10 smokers and 10 nonsmokers, were exposed to 0.5 ppm of ozone for 6 hours in an environmental chamber. They engaged in two 15-min, medium exercise stints on a bicycle ergometer during this period. The symptoms most commonly noted with exposure to ozone, dry cough and chest discomfort, were experienced by more nonsmokers than smokers. Subjects who experienced symptoms, in general, were those who developed objective evidence of decreased pulmonary function. Significant changes from control values for the group as a whole with exposure to ozone were observed for the following pulmonary function tests: specific airway conductance, pulmonary resistance, forced vital capacity, and 3 sec forced expiratory volume. No significant change was observed with respect to diffusing capacity for CO, static compliance, or the various tests derived from the N2 elimination rate. In addition, nonsmokers exhibited a significant decrease in dynamic compliance after exposure to ozone. When the smokers were considered as a separate group, no significant decrease in pulmonary function was observed, although some individual smokers showed adverse functional changes. PMID- 1137247 TI - Horizontal gradient in ventilation distribution due to a localized chest wall abnormality. AB - Horizontal gradients in the distribution of ventilation and of regional vital capacities, as well as a reversed vertical, esophageal pressure gradient, were observed in a patient with a unilateral painful chest wall lesion. The distribution abnormalities disappeared after surgical treatment. These findings suggest that the interdependency between chest wall and lungs, and within the latter, between lobes, is an important factor determining the regional distribution of ventilation and the pleural pressure gradient in man. PMID- 1137248 TI - Prevention of radiation pneumonitis from inhaled cerium-144 by lung lavage in beagle dogs. AB - This study was performed to evaluate bronchopulmonary lavage and chelation therapy as a treatment method to prevent the development of radiation pneumonitis after inhalation of a radioactive aerosol. Twelve beagle dogs were exposed to an aerosol of cerium-144 in fused clay particles resulting in initial lung burdens from 47 to 64 muCi of 144-Ce per kg of body weight. Eight of the dogs were treated with a series of 10 bronchopulmonary lavages and 10 intravenous injections of calcium diethylenetriamine pentaacetate acid during the first 56 days after exposure to remove the deposited 144-Ce; the remaing 4 exposed dogs receiged no treatment. An additional 4 dogs were exposed to stable cerium and were given the course of treatment as an additional control group. Three of the 4 untreated dogs and 2 of the 8 treated dogs died 171 to 246 days after exposure with radiation pneumonitis or pulmonary fibrosis, or both. All but one of the remaining dogs were alive and apparently in good clincial health 550 dyas after exposure; the one dog had radiographic indications of pulmonary fibrosis by 365 days after exposure. The relative distribution of 144-Ce in the lungs and other major organs was similar in the treated and untreated dogs that died. PMID- 1137249 TI - How to make Hasenpfeffer. PMID- 1137250 TI - Fatal pulmonary hemorrhage after transbronchial lung biopsy through the fiberoptic bronchoscope. AB - A case is reported in which transbronchial lung biopsy using the fiberoptic bronchoscope was complicated by massive, fatal hemorrhage. This previously unreported complication occurred despite normal prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times and platelets of 93,000. Pathological examination revealed that a very small (0.5-mm) vessel was the source of the bleeding. Although severe complications are undoubtedly rare, this report suggests that the transbronchial lung biopsy is not a totally benign procedure. Suggestions are made to prevent future similar occurrences in very ill patients or in patients with coagulative abnormalities or blood dyscrasias. PMID- 1137251 TI - Recurrent high altitude pulmonary edema with blunted chemosensitivity. AB - A young man who had had two episodes of high-altitude pulmonary edema in the absence of any respiratroy distress was noted to have a depression of his hypoxic and hypercapnic ventilatory drives. It is postulated that because of his blunted ventilaory drives, the patient progessed to coma on exposure to low ambient oxygen tensions (i.e., high altitude) without ever increasing his ventilation. The importance of including highaltitude pulmonary edema in the differential diagnosis of any patient who is admitted with coma after a sojourn at high altitude is stressed. PMID- 1137252 TI - Lung cancer in men: a model for the relationship between age at diagnosis and smoking habits. AB - When studying a group of lung cancer cases in a limited period of time to determine the relationship between age at diagnosis and smoking habits, the multiplicity of birth cohorts and the small segment of the life-span distribution of cases observed are confounding and restraining conditions. A model was constructed that suggests that small observed age shifts represent large age shifts in the life-span distributions. PMID- 1137253 TI - Letter: Bronchofiberscopy. PMID- 1137254 TI - Letter: Some of the BCG trials and certain aspects involved in them. PMID- 1137255 TI - Daily and alternate-day corticosteroid regimens in treatment of giant cell arteritis: comparison in a prospective study. AB - Alternate-day corticosteroid therapy was compared with two daily corticosteroid regimens for the treatment of giant cell arteritis. In a prospective study 60 patients with this disease were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: group A, 15 mg of prednisone every 8 hours; group B, 45 mg of prednisone every morning; and group C, 90 mgof prednisone every other morning. After 1 month of treatment, the arteritis seemed to be completely suppressed in 18 patients in group A and 16 in group B but in only 6 in group C. In the 14 other patients in group C, the continuing symptoms were cyclic and developed during the day steroids were not given. By changing to a daily regimen, the arteritis was controlled in most patients in group C. Adverse reactions to prednisone were noted frequently in groups A and B but rarely in group C. PMID- 1137257 TI - Minimizing tuberculosis risk to hospital personnel and students exposed to unsuspected disease. AB - A 15-month prospective study of the personnel and students exposed to initially unsuspected active cases of tuberculosis was undertaken to define the risk of their acquiring infection. Eight of 484 (1.65%) personnel exposed to 17 initially unsuspected tuberculosis patients and 5 of 2013 (0.25%) unexposed personnel with similar risk but no known exposures developed positive tuberculin skin tests. This greater than sixfold increase in conversion rate for the exposed group was significant (chi-2=14.83; P=0.0003). Delay in making the diagnosis in these patients was associated with failure to apply a tuberculin skin test on admission in 14 patients and radiologic misinterpretation in 15. A comprehensive surveillance method involving the Employee and Student Health Departments as well as the Public Health Department is suggested to minimize the risk of undiagnosed tuberculosis. PMID- 1137256 TI - Improved computer-assisted digoxin therapy. A method using feedback of measured serum digoxin concentrations. AB - Automated feedback control methods were applied to a medical problem, in a computer program that used measured serum digoxin concentrations (as feedback) to predict future concentrations and to achieve desired concentrations. The system was validated by comparing its ability with the corresponding ability of physicians to regulate digoxin dosage. The prospective, randomized study included 51 patients. In the presence of varying amounts of feedback (serum digoxin concentration) information, the computer always predicted future digoxin concentrations as accurately as did physicians. For both computer and physician, the decrease in the prediction errors when two concentrations were known against that when no concentrations were known was significant: mean absolute error decreased from 0.40 to 0.25 ng/ml for the physicians and from 0.45 to 0.27 ng/ml for the computer. Thus the computer system is capable of simulating and reproducing a sophisticated aspect of physician behavior: "learning" about individual patient responses. The computer achieved desired concentrations more accurately than did physicians, especially when two or more previous digoxin concentrations were abailable (mean absolute achievement error for computer, 0.28 ng/ml; for physicians, 0.50 ng/ml). PMID- 1137258 TI - Imported African trypanosomiasis in the United States. AB - Since 1967, six cases of African trypanosomiasis have been diagnosed and treated in the United States. Five patients were Americans infected with Trypanosoma rhodesiense, and the other was an African student with T. gambiense. Presenting signs and symptoms for all cases were typical of the disease, but often the diagnosis was delayed. The five Americans had spent only brief periods in endemic areas. All cases responded to therapy although one relapsed. Cases of imported sleeping sickness are few, and the risk of Americans acquiring the disease while traveling to endemic areas is low. However, the early diagnosis of sleeping sickness requires that physicians be cognizant of the possibility of imported tropical diseases. PMID- 1137259 TI - Hereditary thrombocytopenia, deafness, and renal disease. AB - The syndrome of hereditary thrombocytopenia, deafness, and renal disease was manifest in at least eight members in three generations of a family. They had a lifelong history of bleeding, usually as epistaxis, bilateral sensorineural deafness starting in late childhood or the teenage years, and persistent proteinuria with varying degrees of renal dysfunction. Two members died at a young age, one from central nervous system hemorrhage, the other from chronic renal failure. Splenectomy and steroid therapy have been of transient benefit. There was dominant inheritance of the syndrome. Hematologic studies showed thrombocytopenia, large platelets, and megakaryocytic hyperplasia of the bone marrow. In contrast to a previous report, our studies showed that affected members had normal in-vitro platelet function and normal ultrastructural platelet morphology. At autopsy, histologic changes in the kidney of one affected family member were indistinguishable from those reported in classic hereditary nephritis with nerve deafness (Alport's syndrome). PMID- 1137260 TI - Hypomagnesemic hypocalcemia secondary to renal magnesium wasting. AB - Two patients developed severe hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia, and hypokalemia as a result of renal wasting of magnesium and potassium shortly after being treated with large doses of gentamicin. When therapy with gentamicin was discontinued renal loss of magnesium and potassium ceased, and serum calcium, magnesium, and potassium returned toward normal. Serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone levels were inappropriately low during the episodes of hypocalcemia. Both patients represent examples of hypomagnesemic hypocalcemia induced by inappropriate magnesuria, possibly caused by gentamicin. These observations suggest that serum calcium, magnesium, and potassium should be monitored during gentamicin therapy. PMID- 1137261 TI - Myeloid, erythroid, and immune system defects in a family. A new stem-cell disorder? AB - Four of six siblings, offspring of Sicillian first cousins, developed a clinical disorder in early adulthood affecting the hematopoietic and immunoglobulin producing systems. A female sibling died at age 21 with myeloid aplasia and agranulocytosis. A male sibling, at age 17, presented with erythroid and plasma cell aplasia with hypogammaglobulinemia. Two other female siblings, ages 21 and 35, had a lymphoproliferative disorder associated with hypogammaglobulinemia. In two of the affected subjects there was complete absence of the enzyme leukocyte alkaline phosphatase. Electron microscopic studies of the peripheral leukocytes from these two subjects and from one of the two asymptomatic siblings showed curious intranuclear and intracytoplasmic linear "crystalloid" structures in the mature neutrophils. It is postulated that the family contains a genetic defect, transmitted as an autosomal recessive by the heterozygous parents, that produces a stem-cell disorder manifested by myeloid, erythroid, and plasma cell aplasias, unique electron microscopic findings, and morphologic and functional abnormalities in later generations of cells. PMID- 1137262 TI - o,p'DDD therapy in invasive adrenocortical carcinoma. AB - Invasive adrenocortical carcinoma was diagnosed in two patients, 3 1/2 and 69 years of age, respectively. Therapy with o,p'DDD was begun immediately, and the patients have survived 4 1/12 and 7 9/12 years, respectively. The prolonged survival represents possible "cure" of inoperable disease following early initiation of therapy. PMID- 1137263 TI - Letter: A survey of hospital pharmacists' knowledge of the content of drug combinations. PMID- 1137264 TI - Health manpower: numbers, distribution, quality. AB - Although the "health care crisis" was thought solvable by simply increasing the number of physicians, this has turned out not to be the case. The major problems in physician manpower are geographic maldistribution with a sparsity of physicians in the rural areas and the inner city and an overproduction of specialists. Certain changes in undergraduate and postgraduate medical education have contributed to this maldistribution. There is good evidence that there is an overproduction of surgeons and of medical subspecialists such as cardiologists. Much of the excess subspecialization can be laid at the foot of graduate training programs. The role of the specialty boards in affecting career choices and with them health manpower is analyzed. Some solutions to solve the geographic and specialty maldistribution problems are suggested. It is clear that more primary care physicians including general internists, family physicians, and pediatricians are needed. PMID- 1137265 TI - Physician and nurse practitioner: conflict and reward. AB - Physicians and the nurse practitioners with whom they work face a number of conflicts. Conflicts develop within the individuals as they change their professional self-images. Each doctor-nurse team must develop new ways of working together and must do so against a background of long-standing professional territoriality. Comparable struggles are felt within schools and hospitals. Although governments have supported nurse practitioner programs, they have not yet enacted the fiscal and legal changes to make the role fully viable. Despite these struggles many physicians and nurses have achieved definite rewards. Research is beginning to document important successes, and educational programs are graduating significant numbers of practitioners. PMID- 1137266 TI - Training and certifying the internist for primary care. AB - Internists are well prepared to offer patients continuing and comprehensive medical care of the highest quality. Residencies must include training for the provision of primary care without compromising excellence. The teaching and practice of general internal medicine are the principal functions of Departments of Internal Medicine. Modern facilities for ambulatory care and an environment conducive to the development of internists for primary care are required. Establishment of new residency positions in general internal medicine is advocated, as is appropriate funding for education in the ambulatory patient setting. Experience with disciplines such as dermatology, office gynecology, musculoskeletal medicine, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, and psychiatry should be assured. The Board will include material relevant to primary care in its Certifying Examination. PMID- 1137267 TI - Editorial: generic prescriptions: can the consumer benefit? PMID- 1137268 TI - Editorial: alternate-day prednisone therapy. PMID- 1137269 TI - Editorial: symptomatic diffuse esophageal spasm and its relation to gastrin supersensitivity. PMID- 1137270 TI - Editorial: basic data in ambulatory care. PMID- 1137271 TI - Letter: recertification. PMID- 1137272 TI - Letter: alcoholism: a disease? PMID- 1137274 TI - Letter: "munchausen" case. PMID- 1137273 TI - Letter: ethics in vasodilator therapy. PMID- 1137275 TI - Letter: dextran 40. PMID- 1137276 TI - Letter: raw diet and diabetes mellitus. PMID- 1137277 TI - Letter: ethylene oxide: allergic response. PMID- 1137278 TI - Letter: sexual qualities in case reports. PMID- 1137280 TI - Semantic awareness in ophthalmology. PMID- 1137279 TI - Spontaneous surface wrinkling retinopathy. AB - Spontaneously occurring surface wrinkling retinopathy occurreed in 17 eyes of 16 patients and was not related to pervious surgery, retinal vascular disease, or obvious ocular inflammation. Visual symptoms were not severe and follow-up suggests that the usual course of surface wrinkling is usually benign. However, 2 eyes progressed to 20/300, so that there is a chance of considerable visual deterioration in some cases. The vitreous may or may not be detached. The ophthalmoscopic features of a wrinkled shagreen, tortuous vessels pulled toward a nidus, and intraretinal hemorrhages were seen. The leakage of fluorescein into the retina is emphasized in this series and may be fairly marked. The possible causes and mechanism of wrinkling are discussed with emphasis on mild chronic ischemia and posterior vitreous collapse. PMID- 1137281 TI - Amblyopia and strabismus in patients with cerebral palsy. PMID- 1137282 TI - Rothmund-Thomson syndrome in an oriental patient. PMID- 1137283 TI - Three complications of strabismus surgery. PMID- 1137284 TI - Penetrating transorbital foreign body with ocular preservation. AB - Large penetrating transorbital foreign bodies may initially appear to be of a devastating character to the ocular tissues. However, several reports of such large foreign bodies have proved to spare the eye. A case report of a large wooden foreign body with transorbital penetration into the right frontal lobe is reported. The globe remained intact and was only displaced, with a final visual acuity of 20/40. However, complete ophthalmoplegia and ptosis persisted. A low pressure hydrocephalus ensued following intracranial debridement. PMID- 1137286 TI - Enlargement of the superior orbital fissure in exophthalmos. PMID- 1137285 TI - Traumatic hyphema: surgical vs medical management. AB - We undertook a prospective study of traumatic hyphema during the years 1970 through 1972 to compare the effects of medical management and surgical evacuation in the more severe hyphemas. A protocol for sutdy of the two regimens enabled us to compare the results of therapy. The findings indicate that medical management is preferable for the initial 4 days in major hyphemas. Surgical intervention does not offer improvement in the poor prognosis of total hyphemas during this early period. The incidence of complications and the incidence of permanent poor visual results are higher in surgically treated patients than in those managed medically. Surgical intervention should be reserved for cases showing: (1) microscopic corneal blood staining; (2)total hyphemas with intraocular pressures of 50 mm Hg or more for 5 days (to prevent optic nerve damage); (3) hyphemas that are initially total and do not resolve below 50% at 6 days with intraocular pressures of 25 mm Hg or more (to prevent corneal blood staining); and (4) hyphemas that remain unresolved for 9 days (to prevent peripheral anterior synechiae). A brief review of problems that may be encountered in the various forms of surgical management is included in an effort to prevent repeating similar pitfalls. PMID- 1137287 TI - Outcome of traumatic hyphema. AB - One hundred and twenty-seven cases of traumatic hyphema are reviewed and discussed according to a definite system of grading. Grade iii hyphemas have definitely a poorer prognosis than Grade ii and Grade i hyphemas. Rebleeding occurs more frequently when there is a delay in treatment but does not appear to affect the outcome of a traumatic hyphema. Blood staining of the cornea could be avoided by an adequate treatment started immediately after the trauma, thus decreasing the percentage of blindness following a traumatic hyphema. PMID- 1137289 TI - Scleral buckling with soft silicone sponge and lamellar scleral dissection. AB - One hundred cases of primary, nontraumatic, rhegmatogenous retinal separation were operated upon using 1/2 thickness 7.5 mp Silastic silicone sponge as a circumferential implant without an encircling element or suture tension. The use of this method has given 100% successful anatomical reattachment of the retina after a follow-up of 8 months to 3 1/2 years. PMID- 1137288 TI - Anterior vitrectomy. PMID- 1137290 TI - Lacrimal drainage following repair of inferior canaliculus. AB - Eight cases of surgically repaired lower canaliculi were studied to ascertain whether the lower canaliculus is necessary for normal lacrimal drainage and whether it is advisable to probe the superior canaliculus during inferior canalicular repair. Six of 8 patients sutdied had no epiphora despite unsuccessful surgery and a normal Schirmer"1 test. Surgery was successful on 2 pateints. These results indicate that only cosmetic repair is necessary for lacerated lower canaliculi. It is suggested that the upper canalliculus alone provides sufficient lacrimal drainage to prevent epiphora. PMID- 1137291 TI - [Radiologic expression of diffuse interstitial diseases of the lung in adults]. PMID- 1137293 TI - [Treatment of hemoptysis by way of embolization of the systemic circulation: a follow-up study after 16 months]. PMID- 1137292 TI - [Embolization of bronchial arteries. Preliminary communication]. PMID- 1137294 TI - [Alveolar filling syndrome]. PMID- 1137295 TI - [Physiopahtology of hemoptysis]. PMID- 1137296 TI - [Hemoptysis as seen by the pneumologist]. PMID- 1137297 TI - [Systemic vascularization of the lung: exploratory technics and anatomical radiology applied to the topographical diagnosis of hemoptysis]. PMID- 1137298 TI - [Correlation between the results of bronchial fibroscopy and angiography in the topographical diagnosis of hemoptysis]. PMID- 1137299 TI - [Hemoptysis in patients having previously suffered from tuberculosis: value of bronchial arteriography]. PMID- 1137300 TI - [Value of selective bronchial arteriography in cases of hemoptysis associated with bronchial dilatations]. PMID- 1137301 TI - [Hemoptysis related to vascular, pulmonary, aortic and systemic causes]. PMID- 1137302 TI - [Systemic pulmonary arteriography in cases of silicosis and aspergillosis]. PMID- 1137303 TI - [Bronchographic studies of mild cases of hemoptysis illness. Comparison with bronchial arteriography]. PMID- 1137304 TI - [Bronchial and intercostal arteriography in cases of hemoptysis on unknown origin]. PMID- 1137305 TI - [Cases of severe hemoptysis with a normal bronchogram. Diagnostic value of selective bronchial arteriography]. PMID- 1137307 TI - [How to interpret a standard lung radiograph in an adult in 1975]. PMID- 1137308 TI - [The retrocardiac mediastinum as viewed from the anterior. Radiological anatomy. Diangostic applications]. PMID- 1137306 TI - [Physiological aspects of lung radiography]. PMID- 1137309 TI - [Case of retroperitoneal cystic lymphangioma opacified by lumphography. Review of 19 cases reported recently in the literature]. PMID- 1137310 TI - [Vascularization of the orbit. I. Normal arteriography of the ophthalmic artery]. PMID- 1137311 TI - [Vascularization of the orbit. II. Radio-anatomy of the arterial vascularization of the orbit with the exception of the trunk of the ophthalmic artery]. PMID- 1137312 TI - [Labile Q waves in acute coronary insufficiency: ischemia or necrosis? Apropos of 5 cases]. PMID- 1137313 TI - From angina to Prinzmetal's syndrome. Apropos of 33 cases. PMID- 1137314 TI - [Paroxysmal auticular flutter and ventricular preexicitation syndromes]. PMID- 1137315 TI - Ultrastructure of the prophase kinetochore in cultured cells of rat-kangaroo (Potorous tridactylis). PMID- 1137316 TI - Inheritance of acid phosphatase isozymes in Picea abies. PMID- 1137317 TI - On the hereditary transmission of microstructures of testa in reciprocal crosses between Linaria vulgaris and L. repens. PMID- 1137318 TI - GPROWTH DISORDERS AND PHENOTYPE VARIABILITY IN PHYTOTRON-CULTIVATED BARLEY. PMID- 1137319 TI - Genetic differences in nutritional performance of some specific pathogen-free mice strains. PMID- 1137320 TI - Gentic polymorphism of amylase isoenzymes in feral populations of the house mouse. PMID- 1137321 TI - Esterase isozymes in granulosa cells of porcine ovarian follicles and corpora lutea. PMID- 1137322 TI - The action of hexyl mercury bromide on CHinese hamster cells in vitro. PMID- 1137323 TI - [Correlations between the rest electrocardiogram and coronarography in the diagnosis of coronary insufficiency]. PMID- 1137324 TI - [Myocardial infarct and angiographically normal coronary trunks]. PMID- 1137325 TI - [Angina pectoris with normal coronarography]. PMID- 1137326 TI - [Angina pectoris and spasmophilia]. PMID- 1137327 TI - [Heart valve diseases and coronarographies]. PMID- 1137328 TI - [Comparative pre- and postoperative phonemchanograms in aortic valve diseases treated by implantation of a Starr-Edwards prosthesis. Apropos of 24 cases]. PMID- 1137329 TI - [Vascular risk and renin activity in essential arterial hypertension]. PMID- 1137330 TI - [Electrocardiographic study of heart conduction disorders caused by coronarography. Correlation with the arterial state]. PMID- 1137331 TI - [Morphological and functional ventricular anomalies in ischemic heart disease with angina]. PMID- 1137332 TI - Blood sugar levels during routine fluid therapy of surgical patients. AB - The study was carried out to investigate the variations in blood sugar values during routine fluid therapy in surgical patients, when the rate of infusion often is very haphazardly adjusted. Surgical patients with normal sugar and fluid balance were divided into two groups. The glucose group (34 patients) was given 5% glucose solution as infusion fluid and the control group (the saline group, 26 patients) received 0.9% physiological saline solution. The preoperative mean value of blood sugar in the glucose group was 4.9 mmol/1 and in the saline group 4.6 mmol/1. Half an hour after the beginning of the operation the blood sugar in the glucose group rose to 7.2 mmol/1 (p smaller than 0.001) and in the saline group to 5.3 mmol/1 (p smaller than 0.01). At the end of the operation the blood sugar values in both groups had further increased significantly from the half hour levels, in the glucose group to 7.8 mmol/1 and in the saline group to 6.1 mmol/1 (p smaller than 0.01). The difference between the groups, at each test after the initial test, was highly significant throughout (p smaller than 0.001). The result indicates to carefulness in using glucose solutions even during operations lasting 1-2 hours. PMID- 1137333 TI - Malignant hyperpyrexia. A study of an affected family. AB - Our purpose was to determine whether an apparently healthy patient who died under general anaesthesia had malignant hyperpyrexia by examining her relatives and to suggest protective measures for the relatives of the deceased patient against this complication during future general anaesthetics. The family members of the deceased patient were examined systematically to determine whether or not they were prone to develop malignant hyperpyrexia. Raised serum CPK and aldolase levels, EMG changes, histopathological examination of the striated muscle, diminished muscle power during an ergometric test, and subjective symptoms revealed that other members of her family had muscular dystrophy. Our results support the theory that during general anaesthesia patients with muscular dystrophy are prone to develop malignant hyperpyrexia. Although muscular dystrophy is uncommon in Finland, affected persons should be catalogued, and preventive measures against malignant hyperpyrexia taken if they ever have to have a general anaesthetic. PMID- 1137334 TI - Itching during pregnancy. AB - This retrospective study was performed in order to evaluate the frequency and the causes for itching during pregnancy. The series consists of 129 pregnant women with generalized itching, which is 1.2% of all deliveries. The most common cause for itching was hepatosis of pregnancy (83%). The other causes were pruritus of pregnancy without any liver dysfunction (12%), dermatitis (3%) and other (2%). The average time of the onset of itching was the 30th pregnancy week in hepatosis of pregnancy and the 26.5th pregnancy week in pruritus of pregnancy. The frequency of toxaemia of pregnancy varied within 24-33% in the different itching groups and that of urinary tract infection within 21-33%. The proportion of urinary tract infection was also fairly high, 23-24%, among the previous diseases. Perinatal mortality in previous pregnancies was reported by 14 patients (9.0%), 11 of them in hepatosis group (9.6%). The corresponding frequencies of perinatal mortality in the present pregnancy were 1.6% and 1.9%. The drugs most frequently used during the present pregnancy before admission were antibiotics and other chemotherapeutic agents, sulphonamide being the most common. PMID- 1137335 TI - Hepatotis of pregnancy. A clinical study of 107 patients. AB - A series of 107 patients with hepatosis of pregnancy and 61 controls with normal pregnancy is reported. The delivery and the condition of the infant were the main objects of investigation. The hepatosis group was also examined for liver function, glucose tolerance, and daily urinary oestrogen. The duration of the first stage of delivery was found to be slightly shortened in the hepatosis group. Two cases (1.9%) of intrauterine death occurred in the hepatosis series, and the Apgar scores at 1 and 15 minutes were somewhat lower than in the control group. Birthweight was slightly lower in the hepatosis series, corresponding to the earlier date of delivery. 11.9% of the infants weighed less than 2.5 kg at birth. The absolute and relative weights of the placenta showed no differences. The histological examination of the placenta made on part of the series revealed maturing defects in 35%. The liver function tests confirmed the cholestatic nature of hepatosis observed earlier, yielding elevated values especially for aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin. The thymol turbidity test was within the normal limits, which means that hepatitis could be excluded. Neither glucose tolerance, nor daily urinary oestrogen differed significantly from the normal. The fetal survival rate has been improved considerably by intensive care of hepatosis of pregnancy. PMID- 1137336 TI - Epidemiology of interstitial cystitis. AB - Almost all the patients (95 women and 8 men) with interstitial cystitis, i.e. autoimmune cystitis, in this area with a population of about 970,000 were probably traced. The prevalence of the disease in the female members of this population was 18.1 cases per 100,000 women of all ages. The joint prevalence of both sexes together was 10.6 cases per 100,000. The annual incidence of new female cases was 1.2 per 100,000 women. The disease is not rare when mild and moderately severe cases are also diagnosed. Severe cases account for only a tenth of all cases. Only about a tenth of the patients are men and most of them had the mild form of the disease. It may begin at any age. The incidence has possibly been rising during the last 10 years. Interstitial cystitis does not as a rule progress continuously but reaches its final stage rapidly, then usually remains in the same category. With this prevalence and incidence every urologist in this area can expect to see at least one case a year. PMID- 1137337 TI - Gastric retention following antrectomy and gastroduodenal anastomosis combined with truncal vagotomy. AB - A clinical series of 208 patients who had elective operations for gastroduodenal ulcer in Surgical Department II, Oslo City Hospital, has been reviewed. The study concentrates on postoperative gastric retention, comparing the frequency of this complication following antrectomy and gastroduodenal anastomosis with and without vagotomy. The patients in the nonvagotomy group had no retention problem. In the vagotomy group, 19 patients (35%) of 54 operated had troublesome postoperative retention. 7 patients (13%) had to have a further operation for this complication, all within 1 year. We no longer use the combined operation as a routine procedure for duodenal ulcer. PMID- 1137338 TI - The proteinases and proteinase inhibitors in the peritoneal exudate during acute experimental pancreatitis in the rat. AB - The proteolytic activities and trypsin inhibitors of the peritoneal exudate produced by experimental acute pancreatitis in the rat were studied by fractionation with gel filtration on Sephadex G-200 and estimation of the hydrolysis of casein and synthetic substrates. The peritoneal exudate produced by injecting formalin solution into the peritoneal cavity was used as a control. The peritoneal exudate during pancreatitis revealed distinct proteolytic and ATEE hydrolysing activities and it also hydrolysed BAPNA to a lesser extent. These activities were absent from the control exudates, or only traces of them could be demonstrated with the methods used. The trypsin inhibiting capacity (TIC) in the pancreatic exudate was about half that in the control exudate. In gel filtration on Sephadex G-200 the BAPNA hydrolysing proteolytic activity was eluted with the macroprotein fraction, suggesting that the enzyme was bound to the macroproteins. TIC differed clearly in the control exudate and the pancreatitis exudate. In both of them TIC was eluted in two peaks after the macroproteins, but in the pancreatitis group the first peak was very weak, if demonstrable at all, while in the control exudate the two peaks were clearly separated and the TIC was more pronounced. These findings suggest that pancreatic enzymes are released during pancreatitis into the peritoneal cavity, where they combine with proteinase binding factors in the exudate. PMID- 1137339 TI - Conservative surgery in acute pancreatitis. AB - During the years 1955-1970, 260 patients were treated for acute pancreatitis in the surgical department of the Maria Hospital. 62 of them were operated on, 44 electively, and 18 as emergency cases. The main conclusions from this series are as follows: 1) if laparotomy is required, efficient debridement and drainage are of great importance, 2) random operative decompression of the biliary duct system is statistically of little benefit, 3) in most cases purely conservative treatment or conservative surgery, taking into account individual conditions, gives good results, but obviously more radical measures are necessary for a favourable outcome in the most severe cases, as reported in the current literature, 4) in elective surgery it is important to postpone the curative operation by several weeks, preferably months, when possible, to avoid exacerbation or relapse of the disease. PMID- 1137340 TI - Fatal pancreatitis. A clinical and post-mortem study on 24 cases of acute pancreatitis with fatal outcome, with special reference to some clinical aspects of autopsy findings. AB - During the years 1955-1970, 260 patients were treated in the surgical department of the Maria Hospital for acute pancreatitis. 24 of them died and went to autopsy. This study includes all these 24 patients. PMID- 1137341 TI - Clinical diagnosis and prognosis of deep venous thrombosis. AB - The reliability of the diagnosis made on the basis of symptoms of deep venous thrombosis and the development of a post-thrombotic state were studied in 53 patients. Pain in the leg was present in 93% and swelling in 82% of the series, both figures are considerably higher than those reported before. The clinical diagnosis was correct in 74% of cases. The post-thrombotic state developed with unexpected rapidity: after one to three years 87% already had symptoms and/or signs of venous insufficiency, and after eight years at the latest all patients had such symptoms and/or signs. PMID- 1137342 TI - Growth disorders and homocysteine metabolism. AB - Inherited disorders of homocysteine metabolism produce accelerated growth and arteriosclerosis with myointimal hyperplasia. The growth of cell cultures from cystathionine synthetase deficient individuals with homocystinuria is characterized by abnormal contact inhibition and production of an aggregated proteoglycan matrix which binds excess sulfate. Homocysteic acid, a precursor of sulfate ester, increases the growth rate of normal guinea pigs. Synthesis of homocysteic acid from homocysteine thiolactone is more rapid in the livers of young animals than adults, and hypophysectomy results in a pattern of homocysteine thiolactone metabolism resembling that in liver of adult animals. Homocysteine thiolactone metabolism differs in guinea pig, an herbivorous species, and in rat, an omnivorous species. Sulfate binding by cultured human cells is slightly increased when homocysteic acid is present in the culture medium. These observations suggest a relationship between homocysteic acid and somatomedin, a serum polypeptide which mediates the action of growth hormone. The growth disorders associated with homocystinuria, including arteriosclerosis and accelerated growth, are believed to result from increased conversion of methionine to homocysteine thiolactone and homocysteic acid. PMID- 1137343 TI - Phosphoglucomutase types in the Asian-Pacific area: a critical reveiw including new phenotypes. AB - The distribution of genetic variants at the PGM1 and PGM2 loci in South and East Asia, the Western Pacific and Australasia has been surveyed on the basis of published and unpublished material comprising samples from some 33,000 persons. A critical comparsion of previously described and of new rare alleles at both loci has been undertaken. The present number for PGM1 is 14 and for PGM2 is 12. Many of these have restricted geographic or ethnic distribution. PMID- 1137344 TI - Chromosome assignment of some human enzyme loci: mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase to 7, mannosephosphate isomerase and pyruvate kinase to 15 and probably, esterase D to 13. AB - Eleven independent man-mouse hybrids and 40 subclones from four to them were analysed for up to 42 enzyme markers. Nine subclones from three hybrid lines were fully karyotyped. The data presented suggest that the gene for the human enzyme MOR-M can be assigned to chromosome 7, whilst those for MPI and PK-3 are on chromosome 15. The use of a small number of well-characterized hybrids for gene assigments is discussed as well as the significance of some known human linkage relationships. PMID- 1137345 TI - Elucidation of a pericentric inversion of a D-group chromosome in the mother of a child with Patau's syndrome. AB - The mother of a child with Patau's syndrome has an inversion of chromosome 13. The karyotype is designated 46, XX, inv (13) (p13q21). It is deduced that the deceased child had the karyotpye 46, XY, rec(13), dup q, inv(13) (p13q21). PMID- 1137346 TI - A method for the storage and retrieval of laboratory data on human lymphoblastoid cell lines. AB - A computer-based system has been developed for the handling and retrieval of data on long-term human lymphoblastoid cell lines. It permits accurate recording of a wide range of genetic markers and other defined characteristics for the donor of each culture and for individual aliquots of any cell line. The data is recorded in relation to the in vitro age of each aliquot studied and the programme is designed to permit both the sequential examination of a single cell line and the comparison of lines of different origins. It is hoped that, by the application of this type of system, the confusion which has arisen in relation to other long term cell lines (and which threatens to develop in relation to human lymphoblastoid cell lines) may be avoided and that the exchange of information between laboratories may be facilitated. PMID- 1137347 TI - Total number of individuals affected by deleterious mutant genes in a finite population. AB - The means and standard errors of the total numbers of heterozygotes and homozygotes affected by deleterious mutant genes and the extinction time are studied by using diffusion methods. For an overdominant mutation, the effects of an increase in population size on these quantitites are much more profound than that of an increase in initial number of mutant genes whereas for a partially recessive mutation the situation is reversed. For a completely recessive mutation, the expected total number of mutant homozygotes is independent of the population size and degree of inbreeding, though the expected total number of heterozygotes and the average extinction time are dependent on these factors, particularly the population size. The effect of inbreeding on these quantitites is very similar to that of reduction in effective population size and is usally small at the prevailing level of inbreeding, except for mutations with large degrees of overdominance in large populations. The standard errors of these quantities are large. The expected total number of sickle-cell mutant homozygotes in the U.S. population has been computed. PMID- 1137348 TI - The prior probability of autosomal linkage. AB - An expression is derived for the prior probability of linkage between a random trait locus and any one of m random marker loci, and this probability is computed form=1, 10, 20, 30, 50 and 100. A similar expression is derived for two trait loci, and computed for m=1, 10, 20 and 30. When one trait locus and 30 marker loci are being studied, a priori there is over a three-quarter probability that the trait locus should be syntenic with at least one of the markers, and about a one-half probability that there should be a linkage mappable from recombination frequencies. If two traits are studied, then the prior probability that at least one should be syntenic with one of the 30 markers is 0-94, and there is a three quarter probability that such a linkage should be mappable. PMID- 1137349 TI - On estimating the frequency of a recessive gene in a random mating population. AB - The maximum likelihood estimator of the frequency of a recessive gene in a random mating population is simply the square root of the proportion of recessive individuals in a random sample. However, its asymptotic variance, i.e. the inverse of Fisher's information, has an unexpected functional form, and its use may lead to incorrect inferences. An explanation for this is sought by deriving an expansion for the exact variance of the estimator. Further, a number of calculations reveal conditions under which the asymptotic variance provides a reasonable approximation to the exact variance. Lastly, the problem of setting confidence limits to the gene frequency is discussed, with a number of approximations being considered. PMID- 1137350 TI - Bias in estimating the frequency of incest. PMID- 1137351 TI - A note on determining measures of deviation from random mating. AB - Large samples results for the joint distribution of the gene frequency with the estimator for various measures of deviation from random mating are given. Also the difficulties in interpreting results for small samples are briefly discussed. PMID- 1137352 TI - Sex ratio and the sex composition of the existing sibs. AB - 1. It is well established that p, the probability of a male birth, declines with birth order. It is suggested here that this decline occurs within individual sibships (Poisson variation). 2. Other workers have also offered good evidence that (at least in some samples) p correlates positively between adjacent births within sibships (Markov association). 3. The present paper suggests that in addition, some couples have higher values of p than others. In other words, there is Lexis variation in p between couples. It is estimated that this Lexis variation augments the variance (contingent on the Markov process above) by a value of less than 0-002. 4. Data on sex ratio by the sex composition of the pre existing children are interpreted to support the author's hypothesis that coital rate of parents is related to the sex ratio of their children. 5. However if the decline in sex ratio with maternal age were entirely due to the concomitant decline in coital rate, the variation in p between couples seems greater than could be accounted for by the observed variation between couples in coital rate. It is concluded that sex ratio depends on other factors besides coital rate. 6. It is noted that (when sibship size and birth rank are controlled) MF birth intervals are particularly long, and FM birth intervals particularly short, MM and FF intervals being of intermediate length. PMID- 1137353 TI - Disk susceptibility testing of slow-growing anaerobic bacteria. AB - The susceptibility of 55 strains of slow-growing anaerobes to eight clinically useful or potentially useful antibiotics was determined by agar dilution and disk diffusion tests. Strains of the genera Peptococcus, Peptostreptococcus, Megasphaera, Veillonella, Eubacterium, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, and Fusobacterium were included. All strains were susceptible to chloramphenicol, but varied in their susceptibility to penicillin, lincomycin, clindamycin, tetracyclines, and vancomycin. Correlation between minimal inhibitory concentration and inhibition zone diameters was generally good. Prediction of susceptibility based on zone diameter measurements appeared satisfactory. Although routine susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria is not recommended, there are circumstances where such testing is relevant to the clinical situation. For those laboratories ill-equipped to do dilution tests, a disk diffusion test would give relatively accurate preliminary information. Quantitative susceptibility tests could then be done by a reference laboratory. PMID- 1137354 TI - Comparison of a radioimmunoassay with an enzymatic assay for gentamicin. AB - A radioimmunoassay and an enzymatic assay for gentamicin have been compared. The correlation coefficient for results of gentamicin assays performed by the two methods with 45 serum specimens was 0.90. A similar standard curve for the radioimmunoassay was obtained with gentamicin complex, with gentamicin Cl, Cla, or C2, or with sisomicin as ligand, but tobramycin did not compete with [(3)H]gentamicin for binding to the antiserum. PMID- 1137355 TI - Comparison of broth and human serum as the diluent in the serum bactericidal test. AB - The use of serum rather than broth as the diluent in the serum bactericidal test results in a significant decrease in the test level among patients receiving highly protein-bound semisynthetic penicillins. PMID- 1137356 TI - Broth-dilution method for determining the antibiotic susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria. AB - A broth-dilution method for performing antimicrobial susceptibility tests on anaerobic bacteria has been proposed. The medium used in the test was Schaedler broth, with incubation in a glove box with an atmosphere of 5% CO(2), 10% H(2), and 85% N(2), or in the GasPak system. Minimal inhibitory concentrations for selected antibiotics were determined, under these conditions, by using a conventional twofold dilution scheme for the antibiotics and a "categorization three-tube method" in which two or three clinically significant concentrations of each antibiotic were used. Minimal inhibitory concentrations obtained by both methods were very similar. The categorization method could be used routinely to test the antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria. PMID- 1137357 TI - Clinical pharmacology of sisomicin. AB - Studies were conducted in 30 patients with neoplastic diseases. Twelve patients received sisomicin intramuscularly at doses of 20 mg/m(2) and 40 mg/m(2). The mean peak serum concentration occurred at 1 h and was 2.5 mug/ml and 4.0 mug/ml, respectively. Ten patients received intravenous sisomicin at doses of 30 mg/m(2) during 30-min infusion. Mean peak serum level determined at 30 min was 5.1 mug/ml. The levels gradually decreased and at 6 h was 0.6 mug/ml. The serum half life was 160 min. Serum levels determined in eight patients who received sisomicin by continuous infusion at doses of 30 mg/m(2) every 6 h were greater than 1.4 mug/ml during the 6-h period. The urinary excretion of sisomicin during the 6-h period after intramuscular administration of 20 mg/m(2) and 40 mg/m(2) was 49 and 61%, respectively. The pharmacology of sisomicin is similar to gentamicin. PMID- 1137358 TI - Comparative susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to minocycline, doxycycline, and tetracycline. AB - The comparative susceptibility of 622 recent clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria to minocycline, doxycycline, and tetracycline was determined by an agar dilution technique. In addition to Bacteroides fragilis, a variety of other anaerobic bacteria was resistant to achievable blood concentrations of tetracycline (55% inhibited by 6.25 mug/ml) and doxycycline (58% inhibited by 2.5 mug/ml). In contrast, minocycline was significantly more active (P < 0.05) than both doxycycline and tetracycline, and 70% of strains were inhibited by achievable blood concentrations of this antibiotic (2.5 mug/ml). The enhanced activity of minocycline was particularly striking for Peptococcus asaccharolyticus, P. magnus, P. prevotii, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, and Bacteroides melaninogenicus. Further evaluation of the clinical efficacy of minocycline against anaerobic infections is indicated. PMID- 1137359 TI - Comparative in vitro antifungal activity of amphotericin B and amphotericin B methyl ester. AB - The in vitro antifungal activity of amphotericin B methyl ester (AME), a water soluble derivative of amphotericin B, was compared to that of the parent compound against a variety of pathogenic and potentially pathogenic fungi. AME has a significant antifungal activity, but the activity of AME was slightly lower than that of amphotericin B. Among the yeast-like organisms, only the yeast cells of Sporothrix schenckii were more resistant than others to both antibiotics, with a minimal fungicidal concentration of 5 to 10 mug/ml. The yeast cells of other fungi were killed at concentrations of 1 mug or less of either antibiotic per ml. The filamentous forms of S. schenckii and Oidiodendron kalrai were more resistant than the filamentous forms of other dimorphic fungi to both drugs. The minimal fungicidal concentration for S. schenckii was 10 mug/ml and for O. kalrai, 50 mug/ml. The dermatophytes, phycomycetes, and dematacious and other potentially pathogenic fungi were inhibited fairly well by both drugs, but up to 50 mug/ml was required for fungicidal action. The water solubility and wide spectrum of antifungal activity of AME warrant evaluation of its chemotherapeutic activity against experimental fungal infections. PMID- 1137360 TI - Biological activity of staphylococcin 162: bacteriocin from Staphylococcus aureus. AB - Staphylococcin 462 is a proteinaceous inhibitor produced by Staphylococcus aureus strain 462. In broth cultures, susceptible S. aureus strain 140 and 19 respond to treatment with the bacteriocin by stopping growth and cell division. Examination of macromolecular synthesis by measuring the incorporation of radioactive precursors revealed that S. aureus 140 stops synthesizing protein immediately. After exposure to staphylococcin 462, the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid is quickly inhibited also, but not as completely. Treatment of S. aureus 140 with the inhibitor causes a rapid drop in cellular adenosine 5' triphosphate level to about 60% of control levels. Of the 70 strains of gram positive bacteria tested for susceptibility to staphylococcin 462, 24 (34%), distributed among 7 genera, were susceptible. PMID- 1137361 TI - Mechanism of plasmic-mediated resistance to cadmium in Staphylococcus aureus. AB - The mechanism of plasmid-mediated resistance to cadmium in Staphylococcus aureus was investigated. Protein synthesis in cell-free extracts from resistant or susceptible bacteria was equally susceptible to inhibition by Cd(2+), but spheroplasts from resistant bacteria retained their resistance. Resistant bacteria did not have a decreased affinity for cations in general, nor was active metabolism required for exclusion of Cd(2+). The kinetics of Cd(2+) uptake into susceptible and resistant bacteria suggested that the conformation of membrane proteins in resistant bacteria may be important in the exclusion of Cd(2+). PMID- 1137362 TI - Isolation and characterization of a gamma-thiochromanone-4-thiosemicarbazone resistant mutant of vaccinia virus. AB - gamma-Thiochromanone-4-thiosemicarbazone (TCT) inhibits the growth of vaccinia virus in BSCl cells by interfering with viral maturation. A mutant of the virus (TCT(R)) which is resistant to this drug was isolated. This mutant also exhibits resistance to another thiosemicarbazone related compound, isatin beta thiosemicarbazone (IBT). There is a good correlation between the cross-resistance of the two mutants IBT(R) and TCT(R) to TCT and IBT, respectively, and the similar antipoxvirus activity of these two thiosemicarbazone-related compounds. PMID- 1137363 TI - Mode of action of two streptococcus faecium bacteriocins. AB - The mechanism of action of enterocins E1A and E1B, bacteriocins produced by Streptococcus faecium E1, was studied. The enterocins killed susceptible cells rapidly, but cell lysis does not appear to be involved directly. Susceptible cells could be rescued from the lethal damage by trypsin treatment only within 2 to 3 min after addition of enterocin E1A. Enterocins E1A and E1B inhibited protein synthesis and drastically reduced biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) but did not cause degradation of DNA or RNA. Enterocin E1A strongly inhibited the accumulation of isoleucine and caused rapid exit of previously accumulated isoleucine. PMID- 1137364 TI - Susceptibility of anaerobes to cefoxitin and other cephalosporins. AB - The in vitro susceptibility of 155 strains of anaerobic bacteria to five cephalosporin antibiotics was tested. Cefoxitin was the most active against 33 isolates of Bacteroides fragilis; 82% of the strains were sensitive at 16 mug/ml. At 64 mug/ml cefazolin and cephaloridine were also generally effective. Cephalothin and cephalexin were relatively inactive versus B. fragilis. Cefoxitin, cephaloridine, cefazolin, and cephalothin showed comparable activity against 122 strains of anaerobes other than B. fragilis. More than 90% of the strains were sensitive to each of these antimicrobials at 16 mug/ml. Cephalexin was the least effective cephalosporin against all species tested. PMID- 1137365 TI - Production and mode of action of lactocin 27: bacteriocin from a homofermentative Lactobacillus. AB - Lactobacillus helveticus strain LP27 produced a bacteriocin, lactocin 27, in dialyzable and nondialyzable forms. No evidence was obtained to indicate that lactocin 27 was under the control of extrachromosomal plasmids. Lactocin 27 had a bacteriostatic effect on the indicator, Lactobacillus helveticus strain LS18. It inhibited primarily protein synthesis without affecting deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid synthesis or adenosine 5'-triphosphate levels. Treatment of susceptible cells with the lactocin did not cause leakage of ultraviolet absorbing material, but caused the efflux of potassium ions and the influx of sodium ions. It adsorbed non-specifically to various bacterial species irrespective of their susceptibility to lactocin 27. However, the presence of specific receptors has not been ruled out. PMID- 1137366 TI - Parenteral clindamycin phosphate: pharmacology with normal and abnormal liver function and effect on nasal staphylococci. AB - Parenteral clindamycin was evaluated in 41 patients with a variety of infections. The four major findings were as follows. (i) Five hours after the intravenous administration of 600 mg of clindamycin, the mean serum concentration in patients with "moderate to severe" hepatic dysfunction was 24.3 mug/ml, and in those with normal liver function it was 8.3 mug/ml (P < 0.02). This suggests that the dose of clindamycin might be modified in patients with liver disease. (ii) There was a positive association between the 5-h serum clindamycin level and the degree of elevation of the serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase. (iii) No significant side effects were observed. Of 24 patients with preexisting hepatic dysfunction, 5 showed deterioration and 5 showed improvement of liver function during therapy. (iv) Whereas all pre-treatment isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis from the anterior nares were susceptible to clindamycin, 6 of 9 post-treatment isolates were resistant, most probably due to selection of resistant organisms. PMID- 1137367 TI - Susceptibility of various serogroups of streptococci to clindamycin and lincomycin. AB - The minimal inhibitory concentration of lincomycin and clindamycin for a large number of strains from multiple serogroups of streptococci was determined. The median minimal inhibitory concentration for streptococci from groups A, B, C, F, G, H, L, and M and nongroupable organisms ranged from 0.02 to 0.39 mug of lincomycin per ml and from